Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Peter Michael Falk (September 16, 1927 - June 23, 2011) was an American actor. His best known role was Columbo in the TV series of the same name.

Early life
Falk was born in Manhattan on September 16, 1927. He was Jewish. He grew up in Ossining, New York. He earned a degree in political science from the New School for Social Research. He then earned his Master's degree in public administration at Syracuse University.

Career
He appeared in a number of Broadway plays including: The Prisoner of Second Avenue, The Passion of Josef D, Diary of a Scoundrel, and Saint Joan. Falk won four Emmy Awards playing the police detective Columbo, and one for The Dick Powell Theatre. He was nominated for seven other Emmy awards. Falk also received two Academy Award nominations for the films Murder Inc. and Pocketful of Miracles.

Death
Falk was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He died in his Beverly Hills, California home on the morning of June 23, 2011.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Peter Falk at Emmys.com
 Peter Falk on Dean Martin show, video, 10 min.
 Peter Falk At Find A Grave

1927 births
2011 deaths
Actors from Manhattan
American movie actors
American radio actors
American radio personalities
American stage actors
American television actors
American television personalities
American voice actors
Comedians from New York City
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Deaths from pneumonia
Emmy Award winning actors
Infectious disease deaths in Los Angeles County, California
Jewish American actors
Claude Choules (3 March 1901 – 5 May 2011) was a British-Australian World War I veteran who served in the Royal Navy.

Biography

World War I & World War II 
Born in Wyre Piddle, son of Harry & Madeline (née Winn), near Pershore, Worcestershire, Choules joined the Royal Navy as a young man in 1916, and served aboard the Naval Training Ship HMS Circe at Plymouth. In 1917, he joined the battleship HMS Revenge, which was the flagship of the First Battle Squadron. While serving aboard her, Choules witnessed the surrender of the German Imperial Navy at the Firth of Forth in 1918, ten days after the Armistice, and was also to witness the scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flow.
During World War II, Choules was the Acting Torpedo Officer of Fremantle and also the Chief Demolition Officer on the western side of the Australian continent.  He was tasked with sabotaging Fremantle harbors and related oil storage tanks in the event of a Japanese invasion.
He died on 5 May 2011 in Perth, Western Australia at 110 years old.

Related pages 
 List of surviving veterans of World War I
 List of Last veterans of World War I by Country and Branch of Service
 List of last surviving World War I veterans by country

References 

1901 births
2011 deaths
Australian military people
British military personnel of World War I
British supercentenarians
Military personnel of World War II
Naturalised citizens of Australia
People from Worcestershire
Florence Green (19 February 1901 – 4 February 2012) was a British supercentenarian. She was the last surviving veteran of World War I.

Biography 
Green was born in London and moved to King's Lynn in 1920 after her marriage to Walter, a railway worker who died in 1970.

World War I 
She joined up in September 1918, two months before the end of the war. She served as a waitress in the officers' mess at RAF Marham and also at Narborough airfield. She was the last living British veteran following the death of Claude Choules.

Later years 
She was West Norfolk's oldest resident, the second oldest person in Norfolk and one of the 30 oldest people in Britain.

She had a son and two daughters, as well as four grandchildren and seven great-grandchildren.

Florence Green died in her sleep two weeks before her 111th birthday in a care home in King's Lynn, Norfolk.
Related pages 
 List of surviving veterans of World War I
 List of Last veterans of World War I by Country and Branch of Service
 List of last surviving World War I veterans by country
 Oldest people

References 

1901 births
2012 deaths
British military personnel of World War I
British supercentenarians
People from London
John Henry Foster "Jack" Babcock (July 23, 1900 – February 18, 2010) was the last living Canadian veteran who fought in the First World War. He became an American citizen in 1946.

Born on July 23, 1900, Mr. John "Jack" Babcock grew up on a farm near Kingston, Ontario as part of a family of 13 children. When he was quite young, his father died in a tree-cutting accident. Despite this devastating loss, Mr. Babcock went on to bravely serve his country in the First World War before moving to the United States where he settled in Spokane, Washington.
He was 15 years old when he joined the 146th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force in Sydenham (near Kingston), Ontario. A few months later, he arrived in England. He was transferred to reserve battalions and ended up with the Boys Battalion in 1917, waiting until he turned 18 to go to the front lines. The war ended first. Mr. Babcock would later move to the United States, where he served in the United States Army from 1921 to 1924. Mr. Babcock married Dorothy after losing his first wife, Elsie, in the late 1970s.

Mr. Babcock read voraciously and, in recent years, completed his high school degree via correspondence courses. He had also taken local college courses. He could recite the alphabet backwards without hesitation and spell out his name in Morse code. He enjoyed travelling with his wife and taking daily walks to keep in good shape. He took up flying lessons and became a pilot when he was 65!
In April 2008, the Minister of Veterans Affairs awarded Mr. Babcock a Minister of Veterans Affairs Commendation. Later that year, a small ceremony was held in May at Mr. Babcock's home, where his Canadian citizenship was reinstated. Another accolade came in September 2008 when the Royal Canadian Regiment Association honored Mr. Babcock with the honorary title of regimental patriarch. This was the first time the title of regimental patriarch was given in Canada.

References

American centenarians
American military people
Canadian centenarians
Military people from Ontario
Naturalized citizens of the United States
1900 births
2010 deaths
Frank Woodruff Buckles (born Wood Buckles'; 1 February 1901 – 27 February 2011) was the last living American veteran who fought in World War I.

Early life and career 
Buckles was born in Bethany, Missouri. He enlisted in the U.S. Army at the beginning of America's involvement in World War I in April 1917. Only 16 years old at the time, Buckles was asked by his recruiter to show a birth certificate. Later Buckles said of that event, “I was just 16 and didn’t look a day older. I confess to you that I lied to more than one recruiter. I gave them my solemn word that I was 18, but I’d left my birth certificate back home in the family Bible. They’d take one look at me and laugh and tell me to go home before my mother noticed I was gone. Somehow I got the idea that telling an even bigger whopper was the way to go. So I told the next recruiter that I was 21 and darned if he didn’t sign me up on the spot! I enlisted in the Army on the 14th of August 1917."
Before being accepted into the United States Army, he was turned down by the Marine Corps due to his slight weight.

In 1917, Buckles was sent to Europe on the RMS Carpathia, which had rescued RMS Titanic survivors five years earlier.  During the war Buckles served in England and France, driving ambulances and motorcycles for the Army's 1st Fort Riley Casualty Detachment.  

After the Armistice in 1918, Buckles escorted prisoners of war back to Germany. Following his discharge in 1919, he attended the dedication of the Liberty Memorial in Kansas City, Missouri, in honor of those Americans who died in World War I. While there, he met General John "Black Jack" Pershing, commander of all U.S. forces in France during the war. 

In the 1940s Buckles worked for a shipping company in Manila, Philippines. He was captured by the Japanese in 1942 and spent the next three and a half years in the Los Baños prison camp.
He became malnourished, with a weight below 100 lb, and developed beriberi, yet led his fellow inmates in calisthenics. He was rescued on February 23, 1945.

He died on 27 February 2011 at 110 years old.

References 

1901 births
2011 deaths
American military personnel of World War I
American supercentenarians
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Military people from Missouri
Józef Kowalski (2 February 1900? – 7 December 2013) was the last Polish veteran who served just after World War I, and believed to be the oldest living military veteran in the world, following the death of Gertrude Noone.

He fought in the Polish-Soviet War which was linked to World War I and lasted from 1919 to 1921.

He lived in Tursk, near Sulęcin, in a care home. He died on 7 December 2013, just 8 weeks and one day before his claimed 114th birthday, and claimed to be the oldest living man for around a half-year after 116-year-old Japaneseman Jiroemon Kimura's death in early-summer of 2013 (although the GRG and the Guinness World Records never verified him as the oldest living man).

References 

2013 deaths
Military personnel of World War II
Polish military people
Longevity claims
Polish supercentenarians
Stanley Lucas (15 January 1900 - 21 June 2010) was a British supercentenarian. He was the oldest living man in Europe at the time of his death. He was also the third-oldest man in the world. Lucas was born at Morwenstow UK and had two brothers and two sisters. In 1908 his family moved to Marhamchurch where Lucas lived until 1948. Lucas married Ivy Nancekivell in 1926 and took over the family farm. Lucas was a breeder of Devon cattle and Devon longwool sheep and started a dairy farm in the early 1940s. In 1948 he moved to live with his family at Poughill, where he continued to live after Ivy's death in 1963. Lucas was a member of Bude Town Council from 1959 to 1970, as well as vice chairman. His daughter said, "He has worked hard in his working life and was a teetotaller and non-smoker and since he has been elderly has been well cared for". He died on 21 June 2010 in Bude, England at the age of 110.

References

1900 births
2010 deaths
Michelle Elizabeth Keegan (born 3 June 1987) is a British actress. She was born in Stockport, Greater Manchester. She is best known for playing Tina McIntyre in the long-running ITV soap opera, Coronation Street from 2008 to 2014.

Filmography

Stage

References

Other websites 

1987 births
Living people
English television actors
Actors from Greater Manchester
People from Stockport
Sir David John White OBE (born 2 February 1940), known professionally as by his stage name David Jason, is an English actor, comedian, screenwriter and television producer. He is best known for his roles as Del Boy in the BBC and GOLD comedy series sitcom Only Fools and Horses and Detective Insepctor Jack Frost in A Touch Of Frost, Granville in Open All Hours and Still Open All Hours, and Pop Larkin in The Darling Buds of May, as well as voicing Mr. Toad in The Wind in the Williows and the title character of DangerMouse and Count Duckula; His last original was Del Boy was in 2014 and Frost in 2010.

Jason was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1993, and knighted in 2005, both for services to drama. He won the British Comedy Awards Lifetime Achievement Award in 2001, and the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award in 2003.
Jason lived with his long term girlfriend, actress Myfanwy Talog, for eighteen years until her death from breast cancer in 1995. At age 61, Jason and 41-year-old girlfriend Gill Hinchcliffe had a baby girl in 2001.  They married in 2005.

Career

Radio

Television

Movies

Animation

Awards and nominations
David Jason has a total of twenty-three awards between 1986 and 2003. His hit comedy show, Only Fools and Horses won many of these awards, and was also nominated many times. His crime drama, A Touch of Frost, has also won and been nominated many times. Porterhouse Blue, The Second Quest, All the King's Men and A Bit of a Do have won David Jason one award each.

References

Other websites
 

1940 births
Living people
Actors from London
BAFTA Award winners
English movie actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Karl Malden (22 March 1912 – 1 July 2009) was an American actor. He worked in acting from the 1930s to 2000. He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in A Streetcar Named Desire. He was also in other classic movies, such as On the Waterfront, One-Eyed Jacks and Patton. He is perhaps best known for his role on television in the series The Streets of San Francisco during the 1970s.

He was born Mladen Sekulovich in Chicago. He grew up in Gary, Indiana. His family was Serbian. In 1938, he married Broadway actress Mona Greenberg. The two would remain married until Malden's death in 2009. Greenberg died in July 2019.

At one time he served as president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Among other awards he won during his lifetime was an Emmy Award for his role in Fatal Vision. He was also given a Life Achievement Award by the Screen Actors' Guild in 2003.

Malden died in Los Angeles at the age of 97.

References

Other websites
1912 births
2009 deaths
DePaul University alumni
Actors from Chicago
Actors from Indiana
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Academy Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Emmy Award winning actors
John Campbell Ross (11 March 1899 - 3 June 2009) was the last living Australian World War I veteran.

Born in Newtown, Victoria, a suburb of Geelong, Ross served as a wireless operator in the First Australian Imperial Force, enlisting in January 1918, but never left Australia or saw active service. He later went on to serve in the Second World War as a corporal with the 20th Battalion, Volunteer Defence Corps.

His wife, Irene (née Laird), had been deceased by several decades before Jack Ross's death. He is survived by a son, Robert, a daughter, Peggy Ashburn, four grandchildren- Janette, Heather, Kay, and John - and nine great-grand children.

On 11 November 1998, Jack Ross had been awarded the 80th Anniversary Armistice Medal to mark the end of World War I. Jack also had been awarded the Centenary Medal for doing his share to the Australian society in the 100 years since the federation.
The death of William Evan Allan in October 2005 left Ross as the last Australian digger from World War I. However Claude Choules, a World War I veteran who served for Britain, lived in Western Australia. Ross became Australia's oldest man at the age of 108, on 12 June 2007, upon the death of Frank Scarrabelotti. Following the death of 112 year old E. Beatrice Riley, he was verified as the oldest person in Australia.

Ross celebrated his 110th birthday with chocolates and cake and a commemorative letter from the Prime Minister of Australia Kevin Rudd.

As a civilian, Ross worked for Victorian Railways until he retired in 1964. Ross died peacefully in his sleep at approximately 4 am. at the Golden Oaks Nursing Home in Bendigo on 3 June 2009, aged 110.

1899 births
2009 deaths
This a list of known veterans of World War I who died in 2009 (5 veterans), 2010 (1 veteran), 2011 (2 veterans) and 2012 (1 veteran). Florence Green, who died on 4 February 2012, was the last surviving veteran of any nation.

Veterans by country of service – 9 veterans
These people served in the armed forces during World War I.

Unverified World War I veterans – 4 veterans 
Listed here are the veterans who were not verified as a World War I veteran.

World War I era veterans – 6 veterans
Listed here are those that joined the armed services after the Armistice date, but before the Treaty of Versailles was signed, or where there is debate on their join-date, or whose military service is sometimes viewed as outside the scope of "WWI", but are considered World War I-era veterans by the press or by their respective governments, or served in a related conflict.

Related pages
 List of surviving veterans of World War I
 List of last surviving World War I veterans by country

References
References

Lists of military people
World War I people
William Frederick Stone (23 September 1900 – 10 January 2009) was a British veteran of World War I who served in the Royal Navy. He died on 10 January 2009.

1900 births
2009 deaths
British military personnel of World War I
Filmography
 A Date with a Dream (1948)
 Wit and Wisdom (1948–1950, TV)
 Trouble in Store (1953)
 One Good Turn (1954)
 As Long as They're Happy (1955)
 Man of the Moment (1955)
 Up in the World (1956)
 Just My Luck (1957)
 The Square Peg (1958)
 Follow a Star (1959)
 There Was a Crooked Man (1960)
 The Bulldog Breed (1960)
 On the Beat (1962)
 The Girl on the Boat (1962)
 A Stitch in Time (1963)
 The Early Bird (1965)
 The Sandwich Man (1966)
 Press for Time (1966)
 Androcles and the Lion (1967, TV)
 The Night They Raided Minsky's (1968)
 What's Good for the Goose (1969)
 Norman (1970, TV)
 Music Hall (1970, TV)
 Nobody Is Norman Wisdom (1973, TV)
 A Little Bit of Wisdom (1974, TV)
 BBC Playhouse: "Going Gently" (1981, TV)
 Bergerac: "Almost Like a Holiday" (1983, TV)
 The 1950s: Music, Memories & Milestones (1988, TV)
 Double X: The Name of the Game (Double X, Run Rabbit Run) (1992)
 Last of the Summer Wine episode "The Man Who Nearly Knew Pavarotti" (1995, TV)
Last of the Summer Wine episode "Extra, Extra!" (1996, TV)
 Where on Earth Is ... Katy Manning (1998, TV)
 Casualty episode "She Loved the Rain" (1998, TV)
 Last of the Summer Wine episode "The Coming of the Beast" (2001, TV)
 Last of the Summer Wine episode "A Musical Passing for a Miserable Muscroft" (2002, TV)
 Dalziel and Pascoe episode "Mens Sana" (2002, TV)
 Coronation Street (2004, TV)
 Five Children and It (2004) Played Nesbitt.
 Last of the Summer Wine episode "Variations on a Theme of the Widow Winstanley" (2004, TV)
 Expresso (2007) [www.expressofilm.com]
 Evil Calls: The Raven (2008)
 Wonderland: The Secret Life Of Norman Wisdom Aged 92 and 3/4 (2008, TV)
CDs and vinyl

 I Would Like to Put on Record Jingle Jangle The Very Best of Norman Wisdom Androcles and the Lion Where's Charley? Wisdom of a Fool Nobody's Fool Follow a Star 1957 Original Chart Hits Follow a Star/Give Me a Night in June Happy Ending/The Wisdom Of A Fool Big in Albania - One Hit Wonderland''

References 

1915 births
2010 deaths
Actors from London
British screenwriters
Comedians from London
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Musicians from London
Lazare Ponticelli (7 December 1897 - 12 March 2008) was a French World War I veteran.

World War I 

In August 1914, after the start of World War I, Ponticelli joined the 1st Régiment de Marche of the French Foreign Legion at 16 years old. He had to lie about his age as he was still to young to join the army. His older brother, Céleste Ponticelli, had also joined the regiment.Ponticelli said that France had done much for him, and being in the army was his way of showing his thanks. He fought at Soissons in Picardy, northeast France and at Douaumont, near Verdun. Ponticelli worked digging burial pits and trenches.
Ponticelli was not a French citizen and in May 1915, when Italy entered the war, he was forced into the Italian Army by conscription. Even though he tried to stay with his French regiment, he had to become part of the 3rd Alpini Regiment. Ponticelli fought against the Austro-Hungarian Army at Mount Piccolo on the Austria–Italy border. At his new job as a machine gunner, Ponticelli was wounded by a shell during an assault on an Austrian mountain. He was sent back to his job after rest in Naples.

Once, his regiment stopped fighting the Austrians for three weeks. The armies, who mostly spoke the same language, traded loaves of bread for tobacco and took pictures of each other. His commanders found out about this, and moved the regiment to another area.

1897 births
2008 deaths
French military personnel of World War I
Italian military people
Legion of Honour
Military personnel of World War I
French supercentenarians
Fire ants are stinging ants. They are also called ginger ants and tropical fire ants. They evolved in South America, but have become a major pest in North America. They are known for a painful sting. This sting uses a base, not an acid.

Invasion 
In 1918, fire ants were accidentally moved into the United States of America by a ship from South America. They were moved in large amounts of dirt.  The ships brought heavy things like machines from the US to South America. They brought back light things like crops. The dirt was ballast make the ships more stable. The dirt sometimes had fire ants in it.
In the United States, fire ants have no natural predators or competitors. They became an invasive species. Native animals are not adapted to these ants. Fire ants are very aggressive. Their colonies can have many queens unlike many other ant species. Because of this, fire ants have spread very fast. By 1965, fire ant mounds spread on the south eastern coast and as far west as Texas. Today they are found in at least 10 southern states. There is a separate group of fire ants living in California.

Jaws of damage 

Fire ants have done a lot of harm as they have spread across the United States.  Because they are attracted to electrical currents, they chew through wires.  This makes short circuits.  Fire ants have also disturbed the natural balance of native ecosystems.  In some places, they have killed off 70% of the native ant species and 40% of other native insect species.
Each year, about 25,000 people go for medical help because of painful bites from fire ants.  Fire ants attack in groups when disturbed.  People often get many bites.  Fire ant bites are usually not dangerous but some people are allergic to fire ants.  They may go into shock.  This is called anaphylaxis.  This can kill them.

Fighting fire 

The fire ants are growing in the US 80 years after they came there. About 157 chemicals, like ammonia, gasoline, parts of manure, and insect-killing pesticides, are used against fire ants. However, none of them were very helpful. By 1995, the government had allowed only one fire-ant bait for people to use a lot.

References

Other websites 

 Biology, Control, and Management of Imported Fire Ants in North America at www.eXtension.org 
 The Alabama Fire Ant Management Program
 Queensland Government - Department of Primary Industries Fire Ants Homepage 
 Fire Ant Gene Sequence database 
 Fireants building a lifeboat to save the queen - Video

Ants
Fulgurites are a rare type of natural glass made when lightning hits silica-rich minerals that are commonly in sand, soil, and some rocks. Tubular fulgurites are found in places with a lot of silica, like beaches or deserts. Lightning makes a tubular fulgurite when a bolt goes through the sand and melts silica into a liquid. The liquid silica cools and hardens quickly, leaving behind a thin glassy tube, usually with a rough outer surface and a smooth inner surface. Underground, a fulgurite may be shaped like the roots of a tree, branching out with many arms that trace the zigzagging path of the lightning bolt. They are quite delicate, with walls no thicker than 1-2 mm. Some of the largest fulgurites are removed from the ground in many pieces and then glued back into their original shape.

Natural materials
Glass
s
Saint Patrick's Cathedral is a decorated Neo-Gothic-style Catholic cathedral church in the United States. It is the seat of the archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, and a parish church, located on the east side of Fifth Avenue between 50th and 51st Streets in midtown Manhattan, New York City, New York. It faces Rockefeller Center.
The iconic landmark opened its doors in 1879 and underwent its initial restoration in 1949.  But by the 2000s, it was in dire need of more renovation of its deteriorating infrastructure.  On March 17, 2012 it was announced that it would undergo restorations to its infrastructure.  These renovations and restorations would be completed in time for Pope Francis' September 2015 visit.  It included among other things, a full renovation of the rectory and minor renovations to the Cardinal’s residence. The iconic facility serves as the center of the clergy’s religious life and this includes a library, meeting spaces, public outreach areas, a commercial kitchen and residences for the priests. This project included the full renovation of the living quarters, which included replacement of the windows, roof, elevator, fire protection systems, life safety systems, HVAC systems and all infrastructure, as well as the restoration of the historic interior finishes.
Roman Catholic cathedrals
Cathedrals in the United States
Buildings and structures in Manhattan
New York City Designated Landmarks
Sindhi food refers to the food of the Sindhi people who live in Pakistan. The daily food in most Sindhi households consists of wheat-based flat-bread (phulka) and rice accompanied by two dishes, one gravy and one dry.

Snacks 

Kutti (Mashed Roti [Bread] with sugar and butter) 
Lolo or Mithi Loli (Sweeter version of koki (see below) - also made if you get chicken pox (Hindu)) 
Ku-ini Kich-anee (Sindhi comfort food. A porridge like dish made with rice and served with yogurt) 
Chhola Dhabal (baked bread with chick peas in thick gravy) 
Ka-raw-o (religious offering made with flour, ghee and sugar) 
Bhat - (porridge, usually given to a sick child, but popular at all times) 
Sindhi Curry - (chick pea flour and vegetables like lady finger, potato and eggplant.

Meals
Seyal Mani (Cooked Chappati in green sauce with tomato, coriander and spices). 
Seyal Dab-roti (variation of above, but instead of Chappati, use bread) 
Koki or Loli (a thick chappati with ghee, onion and coriander). 
Loli Du-dh (as above, but served with yogurt. Some Sindhis will eat Loli with pickles, but many Sindhis do not consider it good form to mix yogurt and pickles). This is a popular dish served at breakfast or brunch. 
Pappad (a crisp and thin snack. Sindhi will generally eat this after a meal to digest food and in particular after an oily meal). 
Dhodo Chutney (A thick roti with garlic paste and served with mint chutney) 
Sai Bhaji (a spinach based gravy, sai means green - the colour of spinach) 
Bugha Chawar (a browned rice) 
Bhugal Bheeha (lotus root in thick curry) 
Dhangi Fulko (moong beans with roti) 
Curry Chawal (a tomato curry eaten with white rice - served with aloo took, a potato cutlet) 
Besan ji Bhaji (vegetable made of gram flour) 
Bhugal Teewarn (a mutton dish)
Jera & Bhukiyoo (Fried liver, Kidney of goat) 
Dal Tikkhar (daal yellow pulses) cooked in gravy eaten with crisp fried very thin matthi) 
Bhugge Chawal (rice cooked in flavoured spices beige/ golden brown in colour with vegetable assortments) 
Pava (goats legs) 
Pakkwan Dal (lentil and solid crunchy puri) 
Curry Chawal (It's Kathi Curry eaten with Rice) 
Fote waro Tivan (Lamb meat in cardamom) 
Keemo (ground lamb meet) 
Seyal Pallo (pomfret fish in garlic sauce)
Desserts or Sweets or Drink 

Thadal 
Varo (Indian sweet made with pistachio, almonds or other nuts) 
Moomthal (Indian sweet) 
Khi-r-ni (hot drink made with milk with flavours of cardamom and saffron) 
Sherbert 
Mal-pooro
Bhangg ( for have fun and relaxtion , specially drunk on Holi,Eid or marriages)

Pickles 

carrot pickle 
mango pickle 
mix fruit pickle 
green chilli pickle 
Murbo (sweet grated mango in sugar syrup)

Food for Special Occasions 

There are food that are served during special occasions, such as during Diwali a Bahji with seven vegetables is made. If someone gets chicken pox and after it is gone, it is common to make an offering and make 'mitho lolo'.

Vermicelli is served on both Eids. On special religious occasions, mitho lolo, accompanied with milk is given to the poor.

Yogurt
Yogurt

This section provides the translations between Hindi, Sindhi and English (British and American) cooking terms. There occasional even in Sindhi for instance Hyderabadi Sindhi will refer to an egg as 'bedo' however Sindhis from other parts will refer to it as 'ando'.

Indian food
Pakistani food
The Musical Offering (German title Musikalisches Opfer or Das Musikalische Opfer), BWV 1079, is a collection of several pieces of music by Johann Sebastian Bach. It consists of canons, fugues, ricercars and a trio sonata. All the music is based on a tune made up by King Frederick II of Prussia (Frederick the Great). Bach dedicated the work to him.

How Bach composed the work 

The idea for this music started at a meeting between Bach and Frederick II on 7 May 1747. One of Bach’s sons, Carl Philipp Emanuel, was one of the king’s court musicians. The king wanted to show Johann Sebastian Bach a new instrument that had recently been invented. This was the piano. The king invited Bach to his palace at Potsdam.
During the visit the king gave Bach a theme and asked him to write a 3 part fugue based on it. Bach was good at improvisation so he made up a 3 part fugue. The king wondered whether he could make up a 6 part fugue. That would be very difficult, and people thought he was joking, but Bach said he would think about it.

Two months later, after he had gone home to Leipzig, Bach made up a six-voice fugue based on the king’s theme. He put it together with other compositions based on the theme and sent them to the king. This music became known as the “Musical Offering”. We do not know what the king thought of it.

At the top of the music Bach wrote some Latin words: "Regis Iussu Cantio Et Reliqua Canonica Arte Resoluta" (this means: “the theme given by the king, with additions, resolved in the canonic style”). The first letters of these words spell out the word ricercar, which was a form of music well-known at the time.
The Musical Offering consists of a collection of ricercars, canons, fugues and a trio sonata. The trio sonata was written for flute, violin and basso continuo, but most of the other music does not show what instruments should play it. They are often played on keyboard instruments, or as chamber music by small groups of instruments. Bach did not show what order he wanted the pieces to be played in.

Riddles 

Bach also put riddles at the top of some of the pieces. Some of these riddles have been explained, but some have more than one solution. One of these riddle canons, "in augmentationem" (i.e. augmentation) has notes which get longer and longer. Bach wrote: "Notulis crescentibus crescat Fortuna Regis" (“may the fortunes of the king increase like the length of the notes”). Another one is a modulating canon which ends a tone higher than it starts. Bach wrote over the music: "Ascendenteque Modulationis ascendat Gloria Regis" (“as the modulation rises, so may the King's glory”).
20th century adaptations 
Several composers have made arrangements of some of the music from the “Musical Offering”. In 1935, Anton Webern arranged Bach’s six-part ricercar for orchestra. In 1980 Sofia Gubaidulina used the Royal Theme of the Musical Offering in her violin concerto. She turns the notes into a Russian Orthodox hymn.

Compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach
Chamber music compositions
Dedication can mean: the act of consecrating (making holy) a religious building such as a temple or church.

Dedication can also mean the writing at the beginning of a book or piece of music in which the author or composer says that it was written for a particular person. For example: a composer may write a piece of music for a particular musician and dedicate it to them.  An author may dedicate a book to someone they love or respect.  A book or a piece of music may be dedicated to the person who has paid them to write it.  This may be a rich person such as king.

Related pages
Consecration
Patronage

References 

Books
Music
Religious behavior and experience
The boomslang (Dispholidus typus) is a large venomous snake found in sub-Saharan Africa. Its name means "tree snake" in Dutch and Afrikaans. It is a colubrid, the largest family of snakes, found on every continent except Antarctica.

Boomslangs eat small animals like chameleons, frogs, and birds, and they also eat eggs. Like all snakes, boomslangs do not chew  they swallow everything whole.

The venom of boomslangs can disrupt the clotting of blood, and this can kill a person. Even a small scratch can be fatal. After a bite, one can sometimes feel a headache, nausea, sleepiness, and get a mental disorder. This does not happen often, as boomslangs only bite humans when they feel attacked.

Its eyes are large in proportion to its head; they have binocular vision that helps them spot their prey. Its scientific name is Dispholidus typus. A boomslang is a slender snake with large eyes on a large blunt head. The snake can grow to up to 2 metres long, but is on average about 1 to 1.6 m in length.

References
References 

Venomous animals
Colubrids
Reptiles of Africa
A fire engine is a vehicle that is used 
to help put out fires. It is also called a fire truck or fire apparatus. Fire engines are also used for other emergency calls. These can include hazardous materials spills, technical rescue incidents and emergency medical service incidents. What types of calls it is used depends on the area and local setup. 

A fire engine takes firefighters from a fire station to a fire or other incident. Fire engines use flashing lights, loud sirens and horns to warn people that they are coming down the road and to get out of the way. These devices have been used for years to warn people when they are coming down the road. Fire engines also use communication equipment to contact their dispatcher or other emergency services vehicles.
A fire engine has many tools and equipment for fighting fires. Almost all engines have hoses, a pump, a water tank and breathing equipment. Some engines also have special tools and equipment. These might include generators, specialized rescue tools such as the jaws of life, equipment for hazardous materials spills and first aid or medical equipment.

History 
In the Middle Ages, the only way to fight a fire was with buckets of water. In the 16th century, hand-powered pumps were invented. In the 19th century, the design of these pumps was improved. With them, horses could be used to take them to the location of a fire. Later, steam power was used to both run the pumps and move them to the fires. The first modern fire engine was invented in 1905 by Knox Automobile in Springfield, Massachusetts.
Types 
There are several types of specialized fire service vehicles. They include:
Ladder company or truck company: Ladder or truck companies are found in large municipal fire departments. There are several types of ladder company designations. They include tower ladder companies, aerial tower companies and hook and ladder companies. The number of people on a ladder company varies. Ladder companies use ladders that are mounted in the rear or middle of the truck. 
Water tender: A water tender is a vehicle which carries large amounts of water.
Heavy rescue companies: heavy rescue companies use special rescue tools and equipment that a normal fire engine does not have. These vehicles are used for automobile accidents and building collapses. The equipment often found on these vehilcle include the Jaws of Life hydraulic rescue systems, special rescue saws, air bags, specialized air-, electric- and battery-powered tools and generators.
Hazardous materials company: hazardous materials companies use special tools and equipment to deal with a many kinds of hazardous materials accidents. These include chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high yield explosives (CBRNE) incidents, train accidents and other incidents. These vehicles has special protective gear.
Airport crash tender: an airport crash tender uses a vehicle that has special tools and equipment that deal with emergencies at large airports.
Rescue ambulances or medic units: Rescue ambulances use vehicles for emergency medical services incidents. They provide services of either a paramedic or an  emergency medical technician.
Firefighting
Springfield, Massachusetts
An ice cream sandwich is a type of frozen desert that is made by putting ice cream in between two cookies or pieces of cake (called "sandwiching"). It is often made with vanilla ice cream between two pieces of chocolate cake, but sometimes is made with other flavours instead.

Desserts
sandwich
Sandwiches
The Mycenaean culture (around 1600–1100 BC) was an early Greek culture during the Bronze Age on the Greek mainland and on Crete. 

The name Achaean was used by Homer to describe them and occurs in the Iliad. The term that is used is derived from Mycenae, which is an important archaeological site about 90 km from Athens. Other important Mycenaean sites are at Athens, Thebes, Tiryns and Pylos. The epic poems of Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are Mycenaean in origin.

The earlier Minoans traded but did not conquer. The Mycenaeans traded and conquered.
Language 
Mycenaean  is the oldest  known form of Greek. It was spoken on the Greek mainland and on Crete in the Mycenaean period, from the 16th to the 12th centuries BC. The language is written on clay tablets in a script called Linear B. Most of the tablets were found in Knossos, in central Crete, and in Pylos in the southwest of the Peloponnese. Other tablets have been found at Mycenae itself; Tiryns and Thebes; and at Chania, in western Crete. 
 
For a long time, no one could translate the tablets. At last, Michael Ventris deciphered the script in 1952. He  showed that the language was an early form of Greek.

The texts on the tablets are mostly lists and inventories. There are no stories, myths or poetry, but they give some idea of the people who made them.
By the late 13th century BCm mainland Greece witnessed a wave of destruction. The Mycenaean sites declined, and the people moved to refuge settlements. That is called the Greek Dark Ages since little or no writing is found until the 8th century BC. See Ancient Greece for that and later periods.

Comparison with Hittite 
Old Hittite and Mycenaean Greek are both Indo-European languages. The oldest Hittite texts are slightly earlier than the earliest Mycenaean texts, but Greek is the oldest Indo-European language that is still spoken.
Identity
The somewhat younger Linear B tablets suggest that the people called Mycenaeans might have been Achaeans. No written source found at a Mycenaean site reveals what they called themselves. In the Iliad, the residents of the Peloponnesus and nearby islands are often called Achaeans. There is mention of the Ahhiyawa in Hittite sources from the Late Bronze Age, which suggests itself that the Mycenaeans could possibly be Achaeans. The Tawagalawa Letter, written by an unnamed Hittite king (14th–13th century BC) to the king of Ahhiyawa, treats him as an equal. The letter suggests that Miletus (Millawanda) was under his control and refers to an earlier 'Wilusa' episode" involving hostility by Ahhiyawa.
Ahhiya(wa) has been identified with the Achaeans of the Trojan War and the city of Wilusa with the legendary city of Troy. However the exact relationship of the term Ahhiyawa to the Achaeans is hotly debated by scholars, even after the discovery that Mycenaean Linear B is an early form of Greek. The written forms of the two languages are quite different.

References 

Ancient Greek culture
Manna, sometimes spelled mana, is the name of a food which, according to the Pentateuch of the Bible, the Israelites ate while they were traveling 40 years in the desert after leaving Egypt, which God provided because they had nothing to eat. Every morning they would gather the white flakes that covered the ground. It is said to have a sweet taste. When they got tired of manna, God gave them quail (bird).

Where did they come from?
Manna was called the "bread of heaven" because it seemed to come from Heaven, according to the Bible. Some suggest that they were a type of locust; some say that it was the sap of a tree which is known to satisfy hunger. In the Mishna, it is said that it was made during twilight of the sixth day of Creation.

References 

Foods
Old Testament
Clarissa Harlowe "Clara" Barton (December 25, 1821 – April 12, 1912) was an American teacher, nurse, and humanitarian.  During the American Civil War, she was a nurse and was in charge of the agency to find missing Union soldiers. She also headed several hospitals in Virginia. She is best remembered for organizing the American Red Cross.

Childhood 
Clara Harlowe Barton was born on December 25, 1821 in Oxford, Massachusetts. She was the youngest child of Sarah Stone and Stephen Barton. In her youth, Barton was timid and sensitive, which made household life difficult for Barton. 

Clara's father was an important member of the town; he served as the town's moderator, ran a decent farm, and were well-known members of the town's church. Clara shared a special bond with her father. Both of them were adventurous and patriotic. Clara's father often told her stories about war, and they pretended to fight each other in fake battles.
Clara's mother was said to be a very beautiful woman. She was married at the age of seventeen, and by the time she was twenty she had already given birth to four children. She was very practical (good with her hands) and taught Clara many chores around the house. Her mother was strict and would not even let Clara have a toy doll. However, Clara's mother taught her many important things. She was a very strong and determined woman, and was full of common sense, traits that were both passed on to Clara.

Clara's four siblings were all older than she was. Her oldest sister, Dorothy, was seventeen years old when Clara was born; her oldest brother, Stephen, was fifteen; her younger brother, David, was thirteen; and her younger sister, Sally, was ten. She learned many skills from her siblings. Her sisters taught her how to read before she was even three years old. Stephen taught her mathematics, and David taught her how to ride a horse.
As a child, Clara liked to pretend she was a nurse. She took care of sick and injured animals. When she was eleven, her brother David fell off the roof of a barnhouse. This incident had a large effect on Clara, who helped nurse her brother. David suffered a severe injury to his head, and he was close to death for two years. For two years Clara took care of her brother, hardly leaving his bedside. She learned many medical practices, including bloodletting, giving medicine, and applying leeches. Though she didn't realize it, Clara had discovered her talent and love of nursing. After David was treated, Clara felt anxious and restless. She began becoming depressed because she had nothing to do. She tried being a weaver at her brother David's mill, but she quit and looked for a new job.

Early careers
Early careers

Teaching 
One day, a phrenologist visiting the Barton household told Barton's parents to teach in a school so she could overcome her extreme shyness. Barton was first terrified of this, but she soon taught a class of forty girls and boys in a local school. Barton impressed the children, who were barely younger than she was, and she felt happy at earning their respect. After her school received an award for discipline, Barton received many job offers. She asked for and received the same pay for teaching as male teachers, which was uncommon at the time. Barton taught at the school for ten years.
Washington D.C. 
Barton spent the next five years of her life in the US capital, her first job being a clerk for the government. Department of the Interior records say that she became a clerk in 1855, which makes her the first female to work for the government. Barton was appointed a position in the US patent office. She even received the same pay as the other workers, receiving $1400 a year. The other workers were very angry about this; they "spat on the floor", "blew smoke in her face", insulted her, and made slanderous remarks about her. Many of these men lost their jobs because of this behavior.

Later life and death

Barton quit working and lived in Glen Echo, Maryland. She wrote a book about herself called The Story of My Childhood.

She died at the age of 91 years old from Tuberculosis on April 12, 1912.

Notes 
More:

References 

Military people from Virginia
Scientists from Massachusetts
American physicians
1821 births
1912 deaths
Red Cross
A phase change is a change in the states of matter.  For example, a solid may become a liquid. This phase change is called melting.  When a solid changes into a gas, it is called sublimation. When a gas changes into a liquid, it is called condensation. When a liquid changes into a solid, it is called solidification. When a gas changes into a solid, it is called deposition . When a liquid changes into gas, it is called evaporation or boiling. Phase changes are usually caused by changes in temperature or pressure.
As the states of matter change from solid to liquid to gas, respectively, their composition changes as well. For example, in a solid, the bonds are stronger than hydrogen bonds. That allows the solid substance to have a definite volume and shape. However, when the heat is added to the solid and it melts to become a liquid, the bonds are considerably weaker, and in water, are simply hydrogen bonds.  A liquid has a definite volume but not a definite shape, and it thus takes the shape of the container in which it is. When more heat is added, the liquid substance evaporates and becomes a gas, which has no bonds at all. Gas is simply a formless collection of particles that tends to expand in all directions at the same time in order to occupy its full container. If a gas is not confined, the space between the particles will continue to increase. A gas has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape.
In this pattern, solid to liquid to gas, heat is being added in order to provoke the phase change. In the other "direction," gas to liquid to solid, heat is being released through the phase change. 

It often helps to think of an ice cube when thinking of phase changes. An ice cube is a solid, and when heated up, it becomes liquid water. When heated up some more, it becomes water vapor, which is a gas.

Chemistry
Physics
A barn is a building found on a farm.  It is used for holding livestock, such as horses.  It can also be used to hold grain or tools.

Other websites

Agricultural buildings
Animal enclosures
Horace Mann (1796-1859) was an educator and politician who helped set up the first public schools in the United States. He did this in the state of Massachusetts. Mann personally visited every school in the state to inspect it. He later became the first president of Antioch College in Ohio. “Our means of education,” he stated, “are the grand machinery by which the ‘raw material’ of human nature can be worked up into inventors and discoverers, into skilled artisans and scientific farmers.”

1796 births
1859 deaths
Learning
19th-century American politicians
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People or NAACP (pronounced N-double-A-C-P) is a civil rights organization in the United States, created for the advancement of black people by means of following judicial policies.

References 

Civil rights organizations based in the United States
1909 establishments in the United States
Organizations based in Maryland
Kim Kyu-sik (, 1881 - 1950) was a Korean politician, ambassador, poet, and academic.

He was the first and second Vice President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. He was also minister of education and foreign affairs in the same government.

A nickname & a pen name is Usa (). 

He was a graduate of the American Roanoke College and also Princeton University. 

Kim Kyusik was born in Pusan. He was kidnapped to North Korea in 1950, where he was assassinated in Manpo the same year.

Related pages
 Rhee Syng-man
 Yun Chi-ho
 Yun Ch-Young
 Ahn Jae-Hong
 Philip Jaisohn
 Kim Gu
 Kim Won-bong
 Park Hon-Yong

1881 births
1950 deaths
Academics
Ambassadors
Anti-communists
Assassinated people
Korean educators
Korean politicians
Korean poets
People from Busan
People of the Korean War
Princeton University alumni
Korean murder victims