Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The Deadliest Catch is a reality television series on the Discovery Channel, about Alaskan king crab fishing. The series shows people fishing for crabs in the Bering Sea near Alaska. The series is named "Deadliest Catch" because the crew of these boats are at a high risk of death or injury due to the dangerous places and weather of the sea during the seasons they fish, earning the title of most dangerous job in the world.

2005 television series debuts
American reality television series
English-language television programs
Discovery Channel
Garage rock is a raw and energetic style of rock and roll that was popular in the mid-1960s in the United States,  Canada, and other countries.  It has experienced several more recent revivals.  In the beginning, it was not yet defined as a musical genre. Attention to the sound from rock critics in the early 1970s helped it become appreciated as a genre.

It is called "garage rock" because many of the groups that played it were made up of young amateurs, often in high school and college, who sometimes rehearsed in their families' garages. Some of the bands were older and professional.  The groups in this genre are often referred to as "garage bands".
The style, which led up to psychedelic rock, often had simple lyrics and sometimes used guitars distorted through a device called a fuzzbox.  Surf rock was an early influence. Later the Beatles and the beat groups of the British Invasion became popular. This led to many aspiring musicians to form bands in the United States and elsewhere between 1963 and 1968.  Some bands produced regional hits, and a few even had national chart hits.  

With the rise of psychedelia, a number of garage bands started to add strange and exotic elements to their sound, but after 1968, as more complex forms of rock music took over, garage rock records declined in popularity.
Other websites 
 '60s Garage Bands – histories of local and regional bands of the 1960s
 Beyond the Beat Generation – interviews with former members of 1960s garage bands
 Everett True's Australian Garage Rock Primer - about Australian garage rock bands of the 1960s and later
 G45 Central  - website and blog with discussions about garage rock 
 Garage Hangover – garage bands of the 1960s by state, province and country
 GS  - about the 'group sounds' garage/beat boom in Japan
It's Psychedelic Baby - articles, interviews, and reviews of 1960s psychedelic and garage acts
 Start - Website covering as many as 1400 Dutch 'Nederbeat' bands of the 1960s (in both Dutch and English)
 Ugly Things - magazine with information on garage rock and vintage from the 1960s and other eras

Rock music
Psychedelic rock is a style of rock music. It was very popular in the 1960s when it started, and still has many fans today.  It was first made in San Francisco, but it also was made in other cities such as New York City, and in other countries including England.  

Psychedelic rock songs sometimes have lyrics describing the effects of drugs, if any words at all. Songs were sometimes very long (10-15 minutes), and much of this time might be taken up by a solo, like a drum solo or a guitar solo. Some major groups that made psychedelic rock included: The Beatles, The Doors, The Byrds, The Grateful Dead, The Who, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, Pink Floyd, Frank Zappa and The Animals.

Psychedelic rock was popular music for listening to when getting high with hashish or LSD, or both. During Grateful Dead concerts, some people actually sat inside the huge speakers that the Grateful Dead brought to their concerts.

Other websites

Rock music
Music in San Francisco
A doppelgänger or a doppelganger is a German word used in English to talk about any double or someone who looks exactly like another person — most commonly an "evil twin". In some folklore, seeing another family or friend's doppelganger means they will have an illness, or that they are in danger. Seeing your own doppelganger means you will most likely die. Some myths offer explanations that focus on magic, where the doppelganger is created by some kind of curse or through magic. These doppelgängers are usually, but not always, bad in some way. Doppelgängers can sometimes be seen in books, movies, and other fiction as part of their stories.
Folklore
Absurd is a national socialistic black metal band from Germany. The band was formed in 1992. Frontman of this band is Neo Nazi and former Satanist Hendrik Möbus

The band became notable after its (original) members murdered the 15-year-old Sandro Beyer in 1993. These members are no longer in the band. It is believed that Beyer knew of a relationship between Schauseil's and a married woman. She had been spreading rumors about this and other things the band was doing. On 29 April in Sondershausen, Möbus, Schauseil, and Kirchner met with Beyer. The strangled him there with an electrical cord. Kirchner was reported as saying: “Oh shit—now I’ve completely ruined my life.” Schauseil said he heard voices in his head saying “Kuster Maier”. This made no sense but was interpreted by him as “töte Beyer” (‘kill Beyer’).

Discography
Discography

Demos 
 Eternal Winter (1992)
 God's Death (1992)
 Death from the Forest (1993)
 Sadness (1993)
 Out of the Dungeon (1994)
 Ubungsraum (1994)
 Thuringian Pagan Madness (1995)
 Sonnenritter (1999)

Albums 
 Facta Loquuntur (No Colours, 1996)
 Werwolfthron (Nebelfee Klangwerke, 2001)
 Totenlieder (Nebelfee Klangwerke, 2003)
 Blutgericht (Nebelfee Klangwerke 2005)
 Der Fünfzehnjährige Krieg (Darker Than Black / Nebelklang, 2008)
 Das neue Blutgericht (2018)
EPs/splits 
 God's Death / Sadness (self-released, 1994)
 Totenburg / Die Eiche split with Heldentum (Burznazg / Silencelike Death, 1997)
 Asgardsrei EP (IG Farben, 1999)
 Wolfskrieger/Galdur Vikodlaks split with Pantheon (Nebelfee Klangwerke, 2002)
 Raubritter (EP) EP (Nebelfee Klangwerke, 2004)
 Ein kleiner Vorgeschmack single (Nebelfee Klangwerke, 2005)
 Grimmige Volksmusik EP (Nebelfee Klangwerke, 2005)
 Raubritter / Grimmige Volksmusik (Darker Than Black, 2007)
 Mein schwarzer schwuler Liebhaber EP (Pink triangle records, 2008)
 Weltenfeind split with Grand Belial's Key and Sigrblot (WTC, 2008)

References

German heavy metal bands
Black metal bands
Rock Against Communism
Nokturnal Mortum is a pagan black metal band from Ukraine. It is one of the major black metal bands from eastern Europe, along with Graveland and Lucifugum.

Band members
 Knjaz Varggoth - vocals, guitars
 Saturious - keyboard
 Vrolok - bass
 Astargh - guitars
 Odalv - drums

Former members
 Sataroth - keyboard
 Karpath - guitars
 Munruthel - drums
 Alzeth - Guitar
 Wortherax - Guitar
 Xaarquath - bass

Discography

Albums
 Lunar Poetry - 1996 (re-released several times in different formats)
 Goat Horns - 1997
 To The Gates Of Blasphemous Fire - 1998
 NeChrist - 1999
 Weltanschauung - 2005 (aka Mirovozzrenie featuring Russian and Ukrainian lyrics)
 The Voice Of Steel - 2009
 Істина 2017
EPs
 Return Of The Vampire Lord - 1997 (re-released with Marble Moon on CD in 2003)
 Marble Moon - 1997 (re-released with Return Of The Vampire Lord on CD in 2003)
 The Taste Of Victory - 2003
 Eastern Hammer - 2007 (4-way split with Graveland, North, and Temnozor featuring a new version of Kolyada)
 Orathania / Kolyada - 2017

Demos
 Twilightfall - 1995 (re-released on CD in 2003)
 Black Clouds Over Slavonic Lands - 1995 (re-released as bonus tracks on 2005 CD re-release of Lunar Poetry)

Other
 Eleven Years Among The Sheep - 2004 (compilation of old, unreleased, demo, and Suppuration & Crystalline Darkness songs)

Other websites
 http://www.oriana-music.com 
 Rockdetector.com Nokturnal Mortum entry

Black metal bands
Ukrainian music
Organizations based in Ukraine
Repo Man is a 1984 comedy/science fiction movie starring Emilio Estevez and Harry Dean Stanton. It was written and directed by Alex Cox. The movie is about the life of a repo man, a person who steals cars legally from people who do not pay for them.

The movie is well regarded for several reasons.  First, it has talk and events that are both funny and strange.  The music played in the movie is also a very good collection of punk rock music that was popular at the time.  Also, the movie is not similar to most other movies that were made at the same time.

Other websites
 

American comedy movies
American science fiction movies
Cult movies
1984 movies
English-language movies
American independent movies
Reginald Wayne Miller (August 24, 1965) is a retired American basketball player. Miller was known for being a great jump shooter during his career. He played his entire career for the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is from Riverside, California.

Basketball players from California
Indiana Pacers players
1965 births
Living people
People from Riverside, California
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
An altarpiece is a work of art that has been made to go above the altar in a Christian church. An altarpiece can be a painting, or it can be carved from wood or stone. Some altarpieces have both paintings and sculptures.

Subject matter

What do altarpieces show?

There are three most common subjects, The Virgin Mary and Christ Child, Jesus crucified and Christ in Glory. These are three very important parts of Christian belief.

Altars of The Virgin Mary and Christ Child were made to remind Christians that God came to Earth as Jesus, in the form of an ordinary helpless little baby, to grow up among people. These altarpieces are to remind Christians of the Christmas story.

Altarpieces of Jesus on the cross were made to remind Christians that Jesus, who was pure and did not sin, died a horrible death like a robber and murderer so that Christians could be forgiven. These altarpieces are to remind Christians of the Easter story.
Altarpieces that show Jesus sitting on a throne in Heaven were made to remind Christians that they need to put their lives right and turn to God because one day they will see him on his throne. These altarpieces are to remind Christians that they never know when their life might end and they should live every day in a way that pleases God.

Saints and stories
Many altarpieces, as well as having one of the three main scenes, may have lots of other figures or lots of other small scenes.

The other figures are usually saints. They might be shown standing around a throne where the Virgin Mary sits with Baby Jesus on her knee. Or they might be painted on separate pieces that are joined to the middle part of the altarpiece. These saints do not have to be people who were alive at the same time as Mary. They are more often the patron saint of the church or the favourites saints of the person who paid for the altarpiece.
Smaller rectangular parts of the altarpiece often have stories painted in them. They may be stories from the Bible telling the life of Jesus, or they might tell the life of a saint.

Size
How big are altarpieces?

An altarpiece can be as small as a tiny painting put on the wall above a table in someone's home. Or it can be so big that it fills the wall of a huge cathedral. The word is usually used for artworks which are quite big. A small painting may be called a Holy Picture or an Icon.

Large altarpieces
The Isenheim Altarpiece in Colmar, France was painted by a German artist, Matthias Grunewald. At the centre is a terrifying and horribly real scene of Jesus on the Cross. Other scenes show the joy of Jesus' birth and the glory of him rising from the grave.
 The Ghent Altarpiece in Ghent Cathedral, Belgium, is a wonderful painted polytych. This means it is in lots of pieces which are hinged and can be closed. It shows Christ in Glory and has many beautiful figures which include Adam and Eve. It was painted by Jan and Hubert van Eyck.
 The Great Screen of Winchester Cathedral is a huge carved altarpiece made to replace an ancient one that was ruined in the 1600s. It has Christ on the Cross at the centre, surrounded by rows of carved saints. There is another altarpiece like this in Southwark Cathedral, London.
The Maesta painted by Duccio which is no longer in Siena Cathedral in Italy but is now in the cathedral's museum. This altarpiece has the Virgin and Child at the centre, surrounded by rows of saints. On the back were many small pictures telling the story of Jesus, but they have all been taken off and are shown separately.
 The Transparente in Toledo Cathedral in Spain is an amazing sight. It is a huge altarpiece caved of white marble with gold decoration. In the roof above it, there is a hidden window which lets bright light shine in to light it up.
Related pages
 Madonna and Child
 Cathedral

Art
Church architecture
The wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) is a common rodent. It is also known as the long-tailed field mouse, field mouse, common field mouse, and European wood mouse.

Habitat 
Almost entirely nocturnal, field mice burrow extensively, digging a series of chambers and runs. Their usual habitat is woodlands, fields and hedgerows, although they are also found in open grassland.
History 
The geographical isolation and recent glacial history of Shetland have resulted in a depleted mammalian fauna. The field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus L.), along with the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout) and the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus Schwartz & Schwartz), are one of only three recorded types of rodent present on the island. Based largely on moprphological studies of epigenetic variations, the source of the original founding population has been attributed to Norway with the most obvious date of introduction being presumed to be around the 9th century AD with the arrival of the Vikings. However, archaeological evidence now suggests that this species was present during the Middle Iron Age (around 200 BC - AD 400), and one theory proposes that Apodemus was in fact introduced from Orkney where a population had existed since at the least the Bronze Age.[3]
Field mouse 
Field mouse is the name for a large group of mice in the UK but the real field mouse is the Long Tailed Field Mouse or wood mouse.

Appearance 
They have a solid brown coat with a white belly as shown in the picture. For their size, they have very large eyes and ears. They grow to roughly 10 cm long and weigh 30 grams when full grown.

Eating habits 
They are omnivorous and eat a range of seeds, worms, berries, small insects and carrion. In deciduous woodland they will eat acorns and sycamore seeds for the winter, buds in spring, insects and seeds in summer and berries and fungi in autumn. However, they will eat their own tail if faced with starvation.
Predators 
They are prey to many animals, including owls and foxes and therefore have a short life, normally living for 6 to 12 months. However, in captivity they can live for over 20 months. They live in any place where it can find food or shelter but traditionally live in hedgerows, forests and grass lands. They make their nests wherever it is warm and there is cover. This means that they will usually nest underground but will nest in other warm environments.

Psychology 
The Field mouse has been proven to be extremely intelligent. If given time, it will think out a strategy before doing something. They have extremely small but sharp claws, which they use to dig into houses to scavenge food. They assess a situation before doing anything. They will judge whether it is too risky, dangerous or useless and they often look out for each other. However, if they are being chased, they will dart undercover or into small nooks and crannies.
References 
1. ^ Goaman, K., Amery, H. (1983). Mysteries & Marvels of the Animal World: pg.15

2. ^ Schlitter & Van der Straeten (2004). Apodemus sylvaticus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern

3. ^ Nicholson, R.A., Barber, P., and Bond, J.M. (2005). New Evidence for the Date of Introduction of the House Mouse, Mus musculus domesticus Schwartz & Schwartz, and the Field Mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus (L.) to Shetland. Environmental Archaeology 10 (2): 143-151

Old World rats and mice
Mammals of Europe
The Code of Hammurabi was a legal code of Babylonia written about 1700 BC.

It was written on a stele (a large stone monument), and put in a public place where everyone could see it. The stele was later captured by the Elamites and taken to their capital, Susa. It was found there again in 1901, and is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris.

The code of Hammurabi had 282 laws written by scribes on 12 tablets. Unlike earlier laws, it was written in Akkadian, the daily language of Babylonia.

The Code of Hammurabi is the longest-surviving text from the Old Babylonian period.
The code is an early example of a law regulating a government: a kind of primitive constitution.  The code is also one of the earliest examples of the "presumption of innocence" (innocent until proven otherwise). It suggests that both the accused and accuser have the opportunity to provide evidence.
History 
The Code of Hammurabi was one of several sets of laws in the ancient Near East.
The code of laws was arranged in groups, so that everyone who read the laws would know what was required of them.
There were earlier laws, and later laws such as the Law of Moses in the Hebrew Bible.
These codes come from cultures in a relatively small geographical area, and they have passages which resemble each other.

The content 
Nearly half the Code deals with contracts. It sets the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon. Other passages set the liability of a builder for a house that collapses, for example, or property that is damaged while left in the care of another.

A third of the code concerns household and family matters such as inheritance, divorce, paternity and sexual behaviour.
An eye for an eye 
For each crime, a specific punishment is listed. Many of them look harsh to people now. The punishments included death, cutting off a body part, and the use of "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" ideas. The penalties of Hammurabi's laws may seem cruel to modern readers, but the fact that he put into writing the laws of his kingdom is considered an important step forward in the growth of civilization.

The Code of Hammurabi was one of many sets of laws in the Ancient Near East.
Examples 
 If any one steal the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death. (6)
 If a man takes a woman to marry, but have no sexual intercourse with her, this woman is no wife to him. (128)
 If a son strike[s] his father, his hands shall be cut off. (195)
 If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out. (196)
 If he break another man's bone, his bone shall be broken. (197)
 If he put out the eye of a freed man, or break the bone of a freed man, he shall pay one gold mina. (198)
 If he put out the eye of a man's slave, or break the bone of a man's slave, he shall pay one-half of the slave's value. (199)
 If a man knock out the teeth of his equal, his teeth shall be knocked out. (200)

References

Other websites 

 Clear and detailed images and description in French from the Louvre Museum

Mesopotamia
Legislation
Media player is a word that describes computer software that can play more than one type of media (multimedia). Media players can usually play both audio (sound) and video files.

Microsoft Windows comes with a media player already on it, Windows Media Player. Some other media players are Quicktime, iTunes, Real Player and Winamp.

List of media players 

Many media players use libraries. The library helps you organize, or catalog, your music into categories such as genre, year, rating or other. Good examples of media players that include media libraries are Winamp, Windows Media Player, iTunes, RealPlayer, Amarok and ALLPlayer.

Notes
Other Winamp versions are Amiamp (AmigaOS), Dosamp (MS-DOS), and Macamp (Mac OS).

Software
Comet Borrelly is a periodic comet. Periodic comets can only be seen from earth once every few years or decades. It was visited by the spacecraft Deep Space 1. Comet Borrelly was last seen from earth in September 2001 and will likely be seen again in July 2008.

References 

Comets
A microcontroller (abbreviated MCU or µC) is a computer system on a chip that does a job. It contains an integrated processor, memory (a small amount of RAM, program memory, or both), and programmable input/output peripherals, which are used to interact with electronic components connected to the chip. A microcontroller is different than a microprocessor, which only contains a CPU (the kind used in a Personal Computer).

First released in 1971 by the Intel company, microcontrollers began to become popular in their first few years. The extremely useful Intel 8008 microprocessor was then released, but it was still impractical because of high cost for each chip. These first microcontrollers combined different types of computer memory on one unit. After people began to see how useful they were, micro controllers were constantly being upgraded, with people trying to find new ways to make them better. Cost was reduced over time and by the early 2000s, microcontrollers were widely used across the world.
Other terms for a microcontroller are embedded system and embedded controller, because the microcontroller and its support circuits are often built into, or embedded in, a single chip.

In addition to the usual arithmetic and logic elements of a general microprocessor, the microcontroller also has additional elements such as RAM for data storage, read-only memory for program storage, flash memory for permanent data storage, and other devices (peripherals).

Microcontrollers often operate at very low speed compared to microprocessors used in smartphones and personal computers. Clock speeds may be as little as 32 kHz, but this is useful for typical applications. They consume very little power (milliwatts or even micro watts).
Microcontrollers are used in automatic products and devices, such as car engine systems, remote controls, machines, appliances, power tools, and toys. These are called embedded systems. Microcontrollers can also be found at work in solar power and energy harvesting, anti-lock braking systems in cars, and have many uses in the medical field as well.

Like other integrated circuits, microcontrollers are designed on special masks, and are later treated with ultraviolet light, which creates special traces (usually made out of silicon) that build up different parts of the integrated circuit.  Modern microcontrollers may use technology producing silicon traces as small as 2µm.

Related pages
 Arduino
 Atmel AVR
 Intel
 Microprocessor
 CPU
Texas Instruments

References 

Computer hardware
A melodrama is a dramatic or literary work where the plot is sensational. It appeals strongly to the emotions. It has crude characterization. Characters are simply-drawn, and stereotyped. 

Melodrama is a portmanteau word, formed by combining the words "melody" from the Greek "melōidía", meaning "song") and "drama". Originally it referred to the use of music in a play.

A melodrama is often a play with very simple characters: a villain, hero,  heroine, policeman, damsel in distress and an elderly person (which usually ends happily).  Melodramas were popular in the Victorian era on the stage and in novels. In the 20th century the term came to mean bad, crude art, lacking thought. It is rarely applied to the inclusion of music. 

Theatrical forms
Skullhead was a Rock Against Communism band from Newcastle, England. Their type of music is a blend of rock, Oi!, and heavy metal music. The band and lead singer, Kev Turner (known to many by the tattoo's he sports, including "Doc martin" boots on the side of his face, which appear like sideburns) were also heavily influenced by the Odinist religion, to which many of their songs refer too.

1984 establishments in the United Kingdom
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English punk bands
Music groups from Newcastle upon Tyne
Musical groups established in 1984
Rock Against Communism
Landser is a Neo-Nazi, Rock Against Communism rock band from Germany. Because of laws in Germany against speaking badly about the people that died during the Holocaust of World War II, several members of the band were put in prison. 

The Supreme Court of Berlin sentenced the members of the band to prison and fines for forming a criminal union as well as for incitement of the people and the distribution of radically right-wing propaganda in December 2003.

In March 2005, the Federal Supreme Court in Karlsruhe upheld the prison sentence against a band member.  This was the first time that a band had been called a criminal association by the highest federal court.

German rock bands
Rock Against Communism
Lily Rose Beatrice Allen-Cooper (born 2 May 1985) is an English singer, songwriter and actress. She is a daughter of actor and musician Keith Allen.

Early life 
Allen was born in Hammersmith, West London to actor Keith Allen and film maker Alison Owen. She left school when she was fifteen.

Career 
She made her first album, called Alright, Still in 2006. It came out in the United States in early 2007. Four singles were released from the album. The first single, "Smile" was No.1 in the UK. It was the eleventh best selling single of 2006 there. The second single was "LDN".

In 2008 she presented a talk show called Lily Allen and Friends on BBC Three.

Her most recent album, It's Not Me, It's You was released in February 2009. It features two number one singles, "The Fear" and "Fuck You". Four other singles were released, "Not Fair", "22", "Who'd Have Known", and "Back to the Start". 

"The Fear" was the first single from the album. It was No.1 in Israel and Belgium.
"Not Fair" reached No.4 in the UK, but it was more popular in other countries.

"Fuck You" was released 10 July 2009 in Germany.

"22" was released 24 August 2009. 

In 2009 she was in an episode of Neighbors.

In 2010 "Just Be Good to Green" was released as a single by Professor Green. Allen sung on the song. It reached number five in the UK Singles Chart.

When Allen toured the United States in 2007, the American group Domino (Domino Kirke, and guitarist Jordan Galland) opened for her.

In July 2013 she sung on Pink's single "True Love".
In November 2013 Allen recorded a cover of Keane's "Somewhere Only We Know" for the Christmas advert for John Lewis. It reached No.1 in the UK and Ireland.
On 12 November 2013, Allen released a video for her first song that wasn't a cover version since 2009, "Hard Out Here". It got 2.2 million views in two days. The single reached number nine in the UK. Her next album will be released in 2014. A new song called "L8 CMMR" was released on the soundtrack to the second season of Girls. On 2 March Allen's next single "Air Balloon" was released.

Personal life 
From 2007 to 2008 Lily dated with musician Ed Simons. In January 2008 Allen miscarried their child at 2 months of pregnancy.

On 11 June 2011 Lily married to her boyfriend of 2 years, businessman Sam Cooper. In November 2010, at age 25, Lily gave birth to their stillborn son. On 25 November 2011, at age 26, Allen gave birth to their daughter, named Ethel Mary Cooper. She gave birth to another daughter, Marnie Rose, in January 2013.

Awards
Awards

BRIT Awards 
Allen has been nominated for four BRIT Awards, but did not win any of them:
 2007, Best British Single: "Smile"
 2007, Best British Album: Alright, Still
 2007, Best British Female
 2007, Best British Breakthrough Act: "Smile"

NME Awards 
 2007, Worst Dressed (won)
 2007, Best Solo Artist (Nominated)
 2007, Sexiest Woman (Nominated)
 2007, Best Album: Alright, Still (Nominated)

MTV Video Awards 
 2007, Best New Artist (Nominated)

Filmography 
 1998 - Elizabeth (Lady in Waiting)

Discography 
 2006 - Alright, Still
 2009 - It's Not Me, It's You
 2014 - Sheezus

Singles

References

Other websites 
 Official website
 Lily Allen Live 
 Lily Allen on MTV.com
 
 
 

1985 births
Living people
British feminists
British television talk show hosts
English R&B singers
English pop singers
British blue-eyed soul singers
English blue-eyed soul singers
English television presenters
Singers from London
Television personalities from London
Zerah Colburn (born Cabot, Vermont, 1804; died 1839) was a child prodigy.  He became famous when he was a little boy because he could do unbelievably difficult sums very easily.  However, he wasted his talent and never became a useful mathematician.

Zerah’s father was a carpenter.  He and his wife had six children, and they had very little money.

When he was five he started to go to school.  After six weeks his father heard him doing multiplication sums.  His father asked him what 13 times 97 was.  The boy immediately said “1261”.

His father took him to Boston to show him to famous people.  They asked the boy questions: what is 1449 times 1449?  The boy said “2,099,601”.  Someone else asked him how many seconds there were in 2000 years.  He said “63,072,000,000”.
His father looked for rich people who would pay for the boy’s education.  In Boston $5000 was raised so that he did not have to be shown off in public all the time.  Nevertheless, his father took him to Europe.  In London people asked him more questions, e.g. is 4,294,967,297 a prime number?  The boy said “No, it can be divided by 641”.
People wanted the boy to explain how he did these calculations, but he could not say how he did it.  He became famous.  Napoleon was going to meet him, but he lost the Battle of Waterloo and was not able to make the visit.  He went to school in Paris and then in London, but by the time he was 15 people were not interested in helping him any more.  He joined a touring group of actors and got the part of Richard III in the play by Shakespeare.  He met William Rowan Hamilton who was also a prodigy and who did become a famous mathematician.  Zerah soon got fed up with mathematics and became a Methodist minister.  He taught languages at Norwich University in Vermont.  He wrote an autobiography in which he tried to explain how he did his calculations.

When he died most people had forgotten about him.

His nephew, also named Zerah Colburn, was a famous locomotive designer.

Trivia

Zerah, like his father, had 12 fingers and 12 toes.
Other websites 
 Famous Americans: article on him and his nephew
 Account of his life 

Child prodigies
American autobiographers
1839 deaths
1804 births
American teachers
People educated at Westminster School, London
Educators from Vermont
Quedlinburg (); Low Saxon: Queddelnborg) is a city in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Its area is . 22,795 people lived there in 2005. Quedlinburg is  north of the Harz mountains. A small river called Bode flows through the city. In 1994, UNESCO added the old town Quedlinburg on the list of World Heritage Sites.
History 
In the year 922 the name Quedlinburg was first mentioned in a paper from King Henry I the Fowler of Germany. In the first half of the 10th century the Hungarians with their horses attacked many places all over central Europe. King Henry built up a castle to give the farmers around a place to hide. In 936 the king died and his body was buried on the castle hill in Quedlinburg. His widow, Matilda, and his son, King Otto I, set up a convent for ladies. The tasks of this convent included the commemoration of King Henry I and the education of young ladies to get better chances to get married. This convent on the hill was dissolved in 1803. First abbess of the ladies-convent was Matilda, the daughter of King Otto I and granddaughter of Queen Matilda.
In the valley north of that hill in 994 King Otto III founded the old town. He was asked to do so by his aunt abbess Matilda.
This old town was used by merchants to sell and buy textiles and so it grew larger. In the middle of the 12th century a new town was created by the abbess of the ladies-convent. In 1330 both towns were united. They got stronger in power and in 1477 they tried to get totally independent of the abbess. But military troops sent by the brothers of the abbess occupied both towns.
All the citizens got under control of the abbess again. In 1541 the Protestant Reformation reached the convent and the town and everybody changed their beliefs to the Protestant religion.
Surprisingly during the Thirty Years' War the town was not destroyed because the abbess made diplomatic arrangements with all the bypassing military leaders.

Geography and Climate 
The city is  north of the Harz mountains around  above sea water level . The nearby mountains reached about  above sea level. Most of the town is on the western side of the river Bode's bank. The town area covers around 78,15 square kilometers.
The average temperature of the year is 8,8 °C. January and February are the coldest months of the year, with an average temperature of 0,1 °C and 0,4 °C. July and August are the hottest months, with an average temperature of 17,8 °C (63 °F) and 17,2 °C. The average annual rainfall is about 438 millimetres. The rainfall occurs usually between May and September. Rain in Quedlinburg is among the lowest in Germany, which has an annual average around 800 millimetres.

Sister cities 
Quedlinburg has partnerships with 5 cities. Each of the 5 boroughs also has their sister cities, sometimes called twin towns.

References

Other websites 

 Official page
 Private homepage (in English) 

Harz Rural District
DreamWorks Pictures, officially called DW II Distribution Co., LLC, also known as DreamWorks, LLC, DreamWorks SKG, DreamWorks Studios or DW Studios, LLC, is an American movie studio. It has made or sold more than ten movies which made more than $100 million each at the box-office.

History
DreamWorks began in 1994. It was founded by Steven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzenberg and David Geffen (making the SKG at the bottom of the DreamWorks logo). They own 72% of the company. In December 2005, the founders agreed to sell the studio to Viacom. The sale was done in February 2006. In 2008, DreamWorks announced that it would split from Paramount. It signed a $1.5 billion deal to make movies with India's Reliance ADA Group. Reliance gave $325M to help recreate DreamWorks studio as its own company. Clark Hallren led the Reliance team in making plans for the company. The movie studio is 50% owned by Reliance. Reliance is led by Anil Ambani.
The part of DreamWorks which makes animations was made into DreamWorks Animation SKG in 2004.

References

Other websites 
 Official site

1994 establishments in the United States
American movie studios
Universal Studios (sometimes called Universal Pictures or Universal City) is one of the major American movie studios that has production studios and offices at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California, an unincorporated area of Los Angeles County between Los Angeles and Burbank. Distribution and other corporate, administrative offices are based in New York City. Universal is the very first major studio in Hollywood (Universal's ownership partner of NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan—which distributes anime by Universal worldwide—is the oldest).

History 
The founder of Universal, Carl Laemmle, was a German Jewish immigrant, settled in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where he managed a clothing store.

Idea 
On a 1905 buying trip to Chicago, he was struck by the popularity of nickelodeons.
Action 
In June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe and Julius Stern. That company was quickly renamed the Independent Moving Picture Company, or IMP. In 1910, he actively promoted Florence Lawrence, then known as the "Biograph girl", and she became one of the first film stars to be used by a studio in its marketing.

Merging 
On June 8, 1912; Laemmle merged IMP with eight smaller companies to form the Universal Film Manufacturing Company, introducing the word "universal" into the organization's name. Among them were Mark Dintinfass, Charles Baumann and Adam Kessel, and Pat Powers. The name was later changed to Universal Pictures Company, Inc.

Following the westward trend of the industry, in 1915, Laemmle opened the world's largest motion picture production facility, Universal City Studios, on a  converted farm just over the Cahuenga Pass from Hollywood.
Other facilities 
In 1926, Universal also opened a production unit in Germany, Deutsche Universal-Film AG, under the direction of Joe Pasternak. This unit produced 3–4 movies per year until 1936, migrating to Hungary and then Austria in the face of Hitler's increasing domination of central Europe. With movies being able to have sound (those movies were called "talkies"), these productions were made in the German language or, sometimes, Hungarian or Polish. In the US, Universal Pictures did not distribute any of this subsidiary's movies, but at least some of them were exhibited through other, independent, foreign-language movie distributors based in New York, without benefit of English subtitles. Nazi persecution and a change in ownership for the parent Universal Pictures organization resulted in the dissolution of this part of the company.
The Laemmles lose control 
Taking on the task of modernizing and upgrading a movie company in the depths of the Great Depression was risky, and for a time Universal slipped into receivership. The theater chain was scrapped, but Carl, Jr. held fast to distribution, studio and production operations.

The end 
The end for the Laemmles came with a remake of Show Boat, featuring many famous people from the Broadway stage version, which began production in late 1935. However, Carl, Jr.'s spending habits surprised company stockholders, especially after the costly failure of Sutter's Gold earlier in the year.
Problems 
They would not allow production to start on Show Boat unless the Laemmles obtained a loan. Universal was forced to seek a $750,000 production loan from the Standard Capital Corporation, pledging the Laemmle family's controlling interest in Universal as collateral. It was the first time in Universal's 26-year history that it had borrowed money for a production. Production problems resulted in a $300,000 overrun. When Standard called the loan in, a cash-strapped Universal could not pay.

Results 
Show Boat was released in 1936 and is widely considered to be one of the greatest movie musicals of all time. However, it was not enough to save the Laemmles, who were removed from the company they had founded.
MCA takes over 
By the late 1950s, the motion picture business was in trouble. The combination of the studio/theater-chain break-up and the rise of television caused the mass audience to stop visiting theaters, probably forever. The Music Corporation of America (better known as MCA), mainly a talent agency, had also become a powerful television producer, renting space at Republic Studios for its Revue Studios subsidiary. After a period of complete shutdown, a moribund Universal agreed to sell its (by now)  studio lot to MCA in 1958, for $11 million. Although MCA owned the studio lot, but not Universal Pictures, it was increasingly influential on Universal's product. The studio lot was upgraded and modernized, while MCA clients like Doris Day, Lana Turner, and Cary Grant were signed to Universal Pictures contracts.
First hits 
Though Universal's movie unit did produce occasional movies, among them Airport, The Sting, American Graffiti, and a movie that restored the company's fortunes, Jaws, Universal in the 1970s was primarily a television studio. Weekly series production was the workhorse of the company. There would be other movies like E.T: The Extra-Terrestrial, Back to the Future, and Jurassic Park, but overall the movie business was still hit-and-miss. In the early 1970s, Universal teamed up with Paramount Pictures to form Cinema International Corporation, which distributed movies by Paramount and Universal worldwide. It was replaced by United International Pictures in 1991, when Walt Disney Pictures joined the fold.

Universal's library 
Universal, like any other major movie studio, owns a huge library.
Content 
The company owns the libraries of USA Films, October Films, and the 1996-1999 movies by PolyGram Filmed Entertainment (MGM owns most of the pre-1996 PolyGram library, though Universal owns a few movies from that time as well) and its subsidiaries, as well as (through parent NBC Universal) much of the post-1973 NBC library of shows and made-for-TV movies.

It also owns several movies made by others, including some pre-1952 United Artists material, an Alfred Hitchcock feature originally released by Warner Bros. - Rope, and the UK rights to most of the RKO Pictures library.

List of movies
List of movies

Notes on early partners 
In the early years of Universal, the company absorbed an amount of small firms. Among those early film-production studios (and their proprietors) were:
 Champion Motion Picture Co., Mark Dintinfass, president
 Nestor Motion Picture Company, David Horsley
 The New York Motion Picture Company, Charles Baumann and Adam Kessel, proprietors
 Powers Motion Picture Co., Pat Powers, president
 Rex Motion Picture Co., William Swanson
For several years some of these junior partners carried considerable weight within Universal; inevitably factions and rivalries were the rule. At least one version of corporate history claims that the twenty-year-old Irving Thalberg rose so quickly because he told subordinates that he alone spoke for Carl Laemmle in making production decisions, while the others were more concerned with battling among themselves.
Notes on sources 
 Bruck, Connie. When Hollywood Had a King. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.
 Drinkwater, John. The Life and Adventures of Carl Laemmle. G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1931, illustrated.
 Forest Lawn Hollywood Hills - map Providencial and Water Development
 Los Angeles Library Photo Collection "Bird-Eye View of Universal City" 1911
 Los Angeles Library Photo Collection "Nestor Studios" .
 Mordden, Ethan. The Hollywood Studios. New York: Fireside, 1989.
 McDougal, Dennis. The Last Mogul: Lew Wasserman, MCA and the Hidden History of Hollywood. New York: Crown Publishers, 1998.
 Schatz, Thomas. The Genius of the System. New York: Pantheon Books, 1989.
 Sklar, Robert. Movie-Made America. New York: Vintage, 1994.
Films 
 The Little Engine That Could (1991) (Kath Soucie, Frank Welker, and B.J. Ward)
 We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story (1993) (John Goodman, Rene LeVant, and Felicity Kendal)
 An American Tail (1986) (Phillip Glasser, Amy Green, and John P. Finnegan)
 The Land Before Time (1988) (Gabriel Damon, Candace Hutson, and Judith Barsi)
 Jurassic Park (1993) (Sam Neill, Laura Dern, and Jeff Goldblum)
 Babe (1995) (James Cromwell, Magda Szubanski, and Brittany Byrnes)
 Beethoven (1992) (Charles Grodin)
 Jaws (1975) (Roy Scheider)
 Smokey and the Bandit (1977) (Jackie Gleason and Burt Reynolds)
 How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000) (Jim Carrey, Taylor Momsen, and Jeffrey Tambor)
 Balto (1995) (Kevin Bacon, Bob Hoskins, and Bridget Fonda)
 The Flintstones (1994) (John Goodman, Rick Moranis, and Elizabeth Perkins
 Back to the Future (1985) (Michael J. Fox)
 Curious George (2006) (Frank Welker, Will Ferrell, and Drew Barrymore)
 Despicable Me (2010) (Steve Carell, Jason Segel, and Russell Brand)
The Nutty Professor (1996) (Eddie Murphy, Jada Pinkett, and James Coburn)
 American Pie (1999) (Jason Biggs)
 The Mummy (1999) (Brendan Fraser)
 Nanny McPhee (2005) (Emma Thompson, Colin Firth, and Thomas Brodie-Sangster)
 Airport (1970) (Burt Lancaster, Dean Martin, and Jean Seberg)
 The Little Engine That Could (2011) (Alyson Stoner, Whoopi Goldberg, and Patrick Warburton)
 Happy Tree Friends (1999) (Kenn Navarro, Aubrey Ankrum, Warren Graff, and David Winn)
 Nirvana (1987-1994) (Kurt Cobain, Dave Grohl and Krist Novoselic)
Related pages
 List of Universal Pictures films
 Universal Studios Japan
 Universal Orlando Resort

Companies based in Los Angeles
American movie studios
The Second Punic War was a conflict that was fought from 218 to 201 BC between the Roman Republic and Carthage. Most of Carthaginian forces were led by Hannibal Barca. He scared the Romans by invading them over the mountains from Hispania with war elephants. He won the Battle of the Trebia and kept winning battles by being a good general. In the Battle of Cannae, he destroyed with his small army the largest army that the Romans had ever used.

The Romans then avoided fighting Hannibal and concentrated on defeating his allies. That became known as the Fabian strategy. Each side had many allies. However, most of Rome's allies stayed loyal, but Carthage's allies switched sides.

Hannibal did well but eventually had to leave and to return to defend Carthage. In North Africa, Scipio Africanus won the Battle of Zama, which cemented Rome's victory over Carthage.

The Second Punic War ruined the power of Carthage. Rome became the dominant power in the Mediterranean for the next 600 years.
Punic Wars
3rd century BC
Wars and battles of Ancient Rome
The Battle of Zama was a battle in Carthage around 19 October 202 BC. It had elephants ands ground infantry. The Roman Republic, led by Scipio Africanus, won against Carthaginians, led by Hannibal. It was the last battle in the Second Punic War.

Other websites

200s BC
October events
Punic Wars
Touchstone Pictures (also known as Touchstone Films in its early years) is one part of The Walt Disney Company. Touchstone started in 1984. Its movies can be for older audiences than Walt Disney Pictures movies.  The company used to make television shows  The Golden Girls, Blossom, Boy Meets World, My Wife and Kids, Desperate Housewives, Lost, Grey's Anatomy, and Scrubs. 
Disney companies
American movie studios
The United States Coast Guard is one of the 6 branches of the military of the United States.  It is a part of the United States Department of Homeland Security. The Coast Guard's purpose is to protect the people, environment, industry and security of the United States on seas, lakes and rivers.  To do this, the Coast Guard uses boats, ships, helicopters and airplanes to stop smuggling and other crime and terrorism, and to rescue ships and boats in danger.

The Coast Guard traces its roots back to the United States Revenue Cutter Service, which was created by Congress on 4 August 1790. As such, the Coast Guard is the oldest continuous seagoing service of the United States.
The modern United States Coast Guard was started on January 28, 1915. This is when the U. S. Congress ordered the United States Revenue Cutter Service and the United States Life-Saving Service to merge into a single service. The Coast Guard can become part of the Department of the Navy during war, but it is not now. It became part of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.

History 
The U.S. Revenue Cutter Service (USRCS) was set up in 1790 when President George Washington signed an act allowing the building of 10 boats called "cutters". The service was first suggested in a letter by Alexander Hamilton as a way to collect tariffs which were being lost to smuggling. They were also tasked with making sure shipments of goods from the United States were getting through to markets in other countries. The first Coast Guard station was in Newburyport, Massachusetts. Until the re-establishment of the Navy in 1798, the Revenue Cutter Service was the only naval force of the early United States.
The modern Coast Guard can be said to date to 1915, when the Revenue Cutter Service merged with the U.S. Life-Saving Service when Congress formalized the existence of the new organization. In 1939, the Lighthouse Service was brought under the Coast Guard's purview. In 1942, the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation was transferred to the Coast Guard.
In 1967, the Coast Guard moved from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to the newly formed U.S. Department of Transportation, an arrangement that lasted until it was placed under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003 as part of legislation designed to more efficiently protect American interests following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001.