Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
A louver (American English) or louvre (British English), from the French l'ouvert; "the open one") is a window, blind or shutter with horizontal or, less often, vertical slats. They are angled to allow light and air in. They also keep out rain, direct sunshine, and noise.  The angle of the slats may be adjusted.

Louvers come from the Middle Ages as lantern-like constructions in wood that were fitted on top of roof holes. They were put in large kitchens to allow ventilation while keeping out rain and snow.  They were originally rather rough constructions consisting only of a barrel. Later they became more elaborate designs made of pottery. They took the shape of faces where the smoke and steam from cooking would pour out through the eyes and mouth. They also became more like modern louvers, with slats that could be opened or closed by pulling on a string.

More modern louver windows are made of slats of glass, opened and closed with a metal lever.  They may also be shutters of wood, plastic or other material.
Some modern louver systems serve to improve indoor daylighting. Fixed mirrored louver systems can limit glare and of redirect diffuse light.  Such louvers may be put in between two panes of double glazing.

Louvers are rarely seen as primary design elements in the language of modern architecture. They are rather simply a technical device. However, there are examples of architects who use them as part of the overall aesthetic effect of their buildings. The most well-known example is Finnish modernist architect Alvar Aalto who would create aesthetic effects in the facades of his buildings through the combination of different types and sizes of louvers. Some are fixed and some are moveable. They are made mostly from wood (e.g. the various buildings of the Helsinki University of Technology). A second example, taking influence from Aalto, is the second-generation modernist architect Juha Leiviskä.
Additionally, louvers are used as semi-passive means of thermal control on spacecraft. They are also available as an accessory for some automobiles.

Notes

References
Henisch, Bridget Ann Fast and Feast: Food in Medieval Society. The Pennsylvania State Press, University Park. 1976. 

Architectural elements
The sixth and final season of the American television series Lost began broadcast in the United States and Canada on February 2, 2010. In the final 18 TV episodes, the writers showed the fate of the remaining survivors, and explained the powers which the Island held in their lives. The sixth-season premiere was the first to climb in the ratings year-over-year since the second season, drawing 12.1 million viewers. The series finale aired on May 23, 2010. The final episode ran 2.5 hours starting at 9/8 CDT, pushing the late-night news back a half-hour. It was followed by the previously announced post-finale special, Jimmy Kimmel Live: Aloha to Lost, at 12:05 a.m. (11:05 CDT). The season continued the stories of the survivors of the fictional September 22, 2004 crash of Oceanic Airlines Flight 815, on an unknown island in the South Pacific. The survivors must deal with two outcomes of the explosion of a nuclear bomb on the island in the 1970s
. While the on-island story continues, a set of "flash sideways" scenes show a second timeline, in which Flight 815 never crashes. The season was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 24, 2010, alongside a complete series boxset.
Production
On May 7, 2007, ABC Entertainment President Stephen McPherson announced that Lost would end during the 2009–2010 season with a "highly anticipated and shocking finale". "We felt that this was the only way to give Lost a proper creative conclusion," McPherson said. Beginning with the 2007–2008 television season, the final 48 episodes would have been aired as three seasons with 16 episodes each, with Lost concluding in its sixth season. Due to the 2007-2008 writers' strike, the fourth season featured 14 episodes, and season 5 had 17 episodes. Season six was planned to have 17 episodes, too. However, on June 29 it was announced that the final season would feature an additional hour, making the number of episodes 18.
Executive producers Damon Lindelof and Carlton Cuse stated that they "always envisioned Lost as a show with a beginning, middle, and end," and that by announcing when the show would end that viewers would "have the security of knowing that the story will play out as we've intended." Lindelof and Cuse stated that securing the 2010 series-end date "was immensely liberating" and helped the series rediscover its focus.<ref name="TV Guide 2008-03">{{cite web |url=http://www.tvguide.com/cover-story/lost-killer-season/080305-03 |title=Lost'''s Killer Season |accessdate=March 20, 2008 |author=Malcom, Shawna |date=March 5, 2008 |work=TV Guide |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/65ISP2SUS?url=http://www.tvguide.com/cover-story/lost-killer-season/080305-03 |archivedate=February 8, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Lindelof noted, "We're no longer stalling
."  The producers also planned to wrap up long-standing mysteries, such as the nature of the smoke monster, the reason the Dharma periodic resupply drops continue after the purge, and the "bird" from "Exodus Pt. 2" and "Live Together, Die Alone Pt. 1". While the destruction of the four-toed statue of Taweret was revealed in the ninth episode of the final season, Lindelof hinted that the identity  of the statue's builders would not be addressed. The producer also indicated that Walt's unusual abilities may be explained, although not necessarily with the character's direct involvement. In a podcast, Cuse and Lindelof stated that they would explain the "Rules" first stated in an episode in season four, but only those that are "important for the narrative they are telling." Matthew Fox said in an interview that in the final season, the characters of Jack Shephard and John Locke "will come head to head
." It was also claimed that a third of the way through the final season, the two timelines would be "solidified into one" and "will be very linear – no more flashbacks, nothing;" however this was still not the case by the season midpoint. He also claimed to be the only cast member to know the ending of the series, though Lindelof has clarified that Fox only knew things that were relevant to his character.
During Comic-Con 2009, numerous sixth-season reports were made. Carlton Cuse stated both the time travel and flash-forward seasons were over, and they were moving into something different for the sixth season. Josh Holloway stated his character Sawyer would revert to his old self after the loss of Juliet. Though Cuse and Lindelof stated that the Dharma Initiative would no longer play a large role in the show, they have said that the "Dharma-Michigan connection" would play a significant role in season six. Lindelof stated that the producers had a direct hand in the production of the season six promotional poster that was first displayed at Comic-Con, and that everything in it was intentional; he also made a reference to the Abbey Road cover in connection to the poster
. Season six was the first and only season of Lost ever to not feature any kind of preview or official promotional material such as sneak peeks and promo pictures for future episodes since the Lost producers considered any single frame from the first episodes to be too revealing. According to Lindelof, "even a single scene from the show would basically tip what it is we're doing this year, and what it is we're doing this year is different than what we've done in other years."  Lindelof has also emphasized that the flashes-sideways are important, stating "People are saying [they] don't need these stories and all we can say is they're absolutely 100 percent necessary to tell the story of Lost, and hopefully by the end of the season it will be more obvious as to why." He also noted that the term "flash-sideways" was deliberately used instead of "alternate reality" because viewers might otherwise "infer that one of them isn't real, or one of them is real and the other is the alternate to being real
." When asked to describe the last three episodes, Lindelof said "Water."
ABC charged advertisers $900,000 USD for a 30-second commercial during the series finale, in contrast to the standard 2010 season price of $214,000.

Cast
The cast features fifteen major roles with star billing: eleven return from the fifth season, one returns from the fourth season after a year's absence, and three are new regular cast members. Unlike the latter half of the previous season, in which the cast was divided into two groups following two separate storylines, Season Six features an alternate universe scenario which the producers call "flash-sideways," and almost all the main characters participate in both storylines. Returning from the fifth season are the survivors' leader Dr
. Jack Shephard (Matthew Fox); former fugitive Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly); millionaire Hugo "Hurley" Reyes (Jorge Garcia); former torturer Sayid Jarrah (Naveen Andrews); con artist James "Sawyer" Ford (Josh Holloway); medium Miles Straume (Ken Leung); former mob-enforcer Jin-Soo Kwon (Daniel Dae Kim) and his privileged wife Sun Kwon (Yunjin Kim); leader of the island's native population (known as the "Others") Ben Linus (Michael Emerson); and deceased crash survivor John Locke, who lives on in the sideways timeline but has been possessed in the original timeline by the mysterious Man In Black. Emilie de Ravin returns in her role as Claire Littleton, a new mother who was absent for one season after disappearing on the Island, and Henry Ian Cusick also returns as Desmond Hume, who starts the season off the Island
. The new main cast roles go to  pilot Frank Lapidus (Jeff Fahey), Richard Alpert (Nestor Carbonell), an ageless advisor to the Others, and mysterious Flight 316 leader Ilana Verdansky (Zuleikha Robinson). Carbonell was named a main cast member by the executive producers at Comic-Con 2009, after guest starring in the previous three seasons, and Fahey and Robinson were confirmed after appearing in recurring roles in the fourth and fifth seasons.
Several former cast members are scheduled to return to the show, or have been asked back. Elizabeth Mitchell returns as fertility specialist Dr. Juliet Burke. Mitchell has stated that her return is "instrumental to the story". Dominic Monaghan returned as rock star Charlie Pace in four episodes. Jeremy Davies returned as physicist Daniel Faraday in multiple episodes. Ian Somerhalder also returned as Flight 815 crash survivor Boone Carlyle in several episodes. Rebecca Mader, who portrays anthropologist Charlotte Lewis, also returned. The producers have also confirmed that Harold Perrineau and Cynthia Watros, who portray Michael Dawson and Libby Smith, respectively, returned in the second half of the season. About the return of Libby, Cuse stated, "Finally, all of your questions [about Libby] will be answered", however, Lindelof jokingly responded, "No, they will not". Michelle Rodriguez, another second season star, returned as police officer Ana Lucia Cortez, following a brief cameo in the fifth season
. Maggie Grace, who portrays Shannon Rutherford, Boone's stepsister, was asked to return at the beginning of the season, but Grace was unable due to her schedule; she appeared later in the season, instead. Furthermore, the producers wished to bring back the character of Walt Lloyd, however Malcolm David Kelley, who portrays Walt, has aged significantly and the producers are working to overcome this obstacle.
Recurring characters who returned include: Jack and Claire's father, Dr. Christian Shephard (John Terry), wealthy industrialist and former Other Charles Widmore (Alan Dale), Desmond's wife Penny Widmore (Sonya Walger), former Other Eloise Hawking (Fionnula Flanagan), Locke's ex-girlfriend, Helen Norwood (Katey Sagal), Hurley's former boss, Randy Nations (Billy Ray Gallion), mysterious Flight 316 passenger Bram (Brad William Henke), Sayid's wife, Nadia (Andrea Gabriel), deceased Frenchwoman Danielle Rousseau (Mira Furlan), science teacher Leslie Arzt (Daniel Roebuck), the Others' doctor Ethan Rom (William Mapother), Ben Linus' father Roger (Jon Gries), mercenaries Martin Keamy (Kevin Durand) and Omar (Anthony Azizi), and Vincent, a dog who survived the crash of Flight 815 and lives on the island.Ausiello, Michael, (August 7, 2008) "Scoop: Lost Finds New Season 5 Blood! ", Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 19, 2009
. Mark Pellegrino returns in his role as Jacob, the mysterious figure in charge of the island, while Titus Welliver also reprises his role as the mysterious unnamed character, known only as "The Man in Black", who appeared to be antagonistic to him in the season 5 finale. L. Scott Caldwell and Sam Anderson returned in their roles as Rose and Bernard respectively, as does Kimberley Joseph who plays 815 stewardess-turned-Other Cindy. Also, Academy Award-winner Fisher Stevens returns as communications officer George Minkowski from the first few episodes of the fourth season in the eleventh episode. Kevin Tighe returns as Anthony Cooper, Locke's father.
Several new recurring characters were introduced in the sixth season. Deadwood actor John Hawkes was cast to portray a character named Lennon and Japanese actor Hiroyuki Sanada obtained the role of ; both men are Others stationed at the temple. Also, William Atherton was cast in a guest role as the principal of the school where Ben works. Sheila Kelley has been cast in a recurring role that was initially described as "Kendall" and later confirmed to be "Zoe".
EpisodesAlso see: List of Lost episodes.
The season premiered on February 2, 2010, with a double-length episode (two hours including commercials) preceded by a one-hour clip show, entitled "Lost: Final Chapter".  The show continued from February 9 at its new timeslot of Tuesdays at 9 pm, with a total of 18 episodes airing in 16 broadcasts, ending with a two and a half hour, two-part series finale, the latter part of which aired Sunday, May 23, 2010. Additionally, the first hour of the premiere episode was screened to an estimated 15,000 fans on Waikiki Beach on January 30. In the following table, "Series #" refers to the episode's number in the overall series, whereas "Season #" refers to the episode's number in this particular season. "U.S. viewers in millions" refers to the number of Americans in millions who watched the episodes live or recorded them and watched them within seven days of broadcast.
{| class="wikitable" width="99%" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;"
|- style="color:white"
!  style="background:#ccc; width:20px;"| Series #
!  style="background:#aaa; width:40px;"| Season #
! style="background:#ccc;"| Title
! style="background:#aaa;"| Directed by
! style="background:#ccc;"| Written by
!  style="background:#aaa; width:130px;"| Featuredcharacter(s)
!  style="background:#ccc; width:90px;"| U.S. Viewers(in millions)
!  style="background:#ccc; width:120px;"| Original air date

|}
|}

Season 6 plot summary
The sixth season followed two timelines, each an outcome of the explosion of a hydrogen bomb in the previous season finale. In the first timeline (referred to as "flash sideways"), Oceanic Flight 815 never crashes but lands with all leaving the airplane at Los Angeles LAX airport. In the second timeline, the remaining survivors return to the present day (on the Island) and must deal with the demise of Jacob, whose death has been caused by the mysterious Man in Black, the Smoke Monster. According to show producer Damon Lindelof, the term "flash-sideways" was deliberately used instead of "alternate reality" because it might then imply "that one of them isn't real, or one of them is real and the other is the alternate to being real."
On the island, it is revealed that, long long ago, infant Jacob and his brother were stolen, from their birth mother, by a woman who raised them to become protectors of the island, after her. At the hidden center of the island, is a waterfall cave containing a bright power source. Jacob (with blond hair) and his brother (with black hair, symbolizing white and black) grow up with opposing viewpoints. Jacob stays loyal to his adoptive mother, but his brother joins with outsiders on the island. When the brother reveals that they have dug into the core of the island, tapping an underground power to escape, the mother hits the brother with a rock, and she destroys the people in their village. She then chooses Jacob to drink the water of immortality. His brother awakens to see the burned village, and seeking revenge, he finds and kills his adoptive mother. Jacob discovers her dead body, and in turn, throws his brother into the waterfall cave, transforming him into the black Smoke Monster.
Now centuries later, among the survivors, the Smoke Monster assumes the form of John Locke, returned to the island in a coffin. This Locke had convinced Ben to enter the seaside cave and stab Jacob, who fell into the fire and died. With many survivors believing that Locke has been resurrected, they follow him in various plans to leave the island. In one plan, they overthrow the guards at Widmore's submarine, and leave the island, unaware that a time bomb is inside the submarine. Jack (the doctor) discovers the time bomb, advising them not to disarm it while reasoning that the Smoke Monster cannot kill anyone directly. Instead, Sawyer (Ford) refuses to listen and pulls the bomb wires, which, instead, causes the bomb to count down faster. Sayid grabs the bomb and runs through the submarine, sacrificing himself to shield the others from the bomb blast
. However, the bomb splits the submarine walls, and while sinking, Sun-Hwa is trapped in the wreckage, but Jin stays with her, vowing to never leave her side again, as they both die underwater.Jack swims, with a breathing tube, to the surface and back to shore. He tells the rest that Sun and Jin did not escape. In anger, Kate vows to kill John Locke, for what he has done to their friends. Sayyid (the  Iraqi guard), Richard, and Miles (son of the DHARMA leader) go to the other island to destroy the airplane. However, crossing at sea, they find the pilot adrift, who convinces them to repair the airplane to escape later.
The spirit of Jacob asks who among them would become Protector of the island, and Jack volunteers. At the waterfall cave, Jack drinks the water of immortality and returns to the group. Jack says they must meet with Locke and Desmond to settle the dispute and kill Locke. The 2 groups meet on the hilltop, and just the 3 proceed toward the waterfall cave. There, Desmond descends on a rope into the cave, but pulls a rock from the bottom, which puts out the light of the power source. The island begins a series of earthquake tremors, to fall into the sea, with rocks tumbling into the water. Locke flees the area, now needing to get the sailboat to the other island: he has lost his immortality when the light source was put out. Jack chases him to the sea cliffs to stop him from leaving, and a long fight begins. Locke grabs a knife and stabs Jack in the side, then forces the knife up to Jack's neck
. Before plunging the knife, a gunshot is heard: Kate as promised, has shot Locke (the Smoke Monster) in the back, and Jack pushes him off the sea cliff, to die on the rocks below.Jack tells them he must return to the island core, as he promised Jacob, to restore the light at the waterfall cave. He instructs Kate to leave with Sawyer to get Claire into the airplane on the other island. Kate in turmoil kisses Jack goodbye, fearing it will be the last time. Kate and Sawyer jump into the sea and swim to the sailboat at anchor.Hurley and Ben help Jack return to the waterfall cave. They lower Jack into the cave, where he revives and ties Desmond to the rope. Jack then puts the missing stone back into the floor, and restarts the light power source. When Hurley and Ben pull the rope, they find only Desmond. They call below, but Jack, overcome by the knife wound and rushing water, never answered, so they take Desmond away from the area
. Some time later, Jack awakens, alone, outside the cave, as if lifted from the depth of the cave by an unseen force. Dazed, he wanders through the jungle, but he is losing strength. Just as with Locke's death, Jack also lost his immortality, and protection, at the first time the light source was put out. Jack falls to the ground, looking up to the blue sky. At that point, he sees Kate's plane flying far overhead, and then closes his eyes, for the last time.
Meanwhile, in the "flash-sideways" view of events, everyone has returned on Oceanic Flight 815, and all have resumed their original lives:
 Jack has become a neurosurgeon (a doctor who heals nerves) in the U.S., married to Juliet with a teenage son.
 Kate has returned, as a prisoner, but in trying to escape, she is re-arrested by Sawyer (Ford), who is a police officer.
 Charlie is a member of the rock band Drive Shaft, with piano player Daniel Faraday (the physicist), who is a son of Charles Widmore.
 Desmond is still an employee of Charles Widmore, unaware he has a daughter named Penny.
 Claire is still pregnant, but staying with her half-brother Jack and his son.
 Benjamin Linus is a school teacher, and John Locke is a substitute teacher there.
 Hurley is the lottery winner, who meets a blonde girl who looks like Libby, and she vaguely remembers him, as if from being on some island.
Soon after returning on Flight 815, Desmond has been tasked to ensure that bandmember Charlie stays sober to appear at a benefit concert for Charles Widmore. Charlie keeps talking about some imaginary, profound romance with a blonde girl, as if in some dream. Trying to rebel against Desmond, he grabs the steering wheel, and the car goes into the harbor. Underwater, looking back inside the car to save Charlie, he remembers seeing "NOT PENNY'S BOAT" written on Charlie's hand, but not actually, then pulls him to the surface. They get rescued to the hospital, and Desmond asks, "Who is Penny?". Some memories come back, and Desmond begins to orchestrate a plan: at the school, he hits John Locke with his car, causing him to need surgery, led by Jack Shephard at the hospital. Desmond turns himself in to the police station for Sawyer, who puts him in a jail cell near Kate and Sayid.
Meanwhile, Hurley has been hired to free Kate, Sayid and Desmond by paying Officer Ana Lucia to detour the prison van to the harbor. They get in 2 cars, and make plans to attend the benefit concert. Desmond and Kate drive to the church, where Desmond meets the funeral van, to accept the casket of Christian Shephard (Jack's father) into the chapel. This same day, John Locke has a 2nd spinal surgery, by Jack, and regains feeling in his legs. Coming to the hospital to visit Sun-Hwa, the police officer Sawyer (Ford) meets Juliet at the snack machines, where they both suddenly remember their parallel life, 3 years together on the island.
Now nighttime, Hurley drives Sayid to a backstreet, saying that he knows he is really a good guy: a fight breaks out in the alley, and a girl shouts, "Don't hurt my brother!" Sayid, instinctively, jumps out to rescue her. When he sees her face, he remembers her: "Shannon?" Her stepbrother, Boone goes to the van and tells Hurley, he is glad Sayid finally arrived because he was getting tired of staging the alley fight for them. Desmond attends the concert, where Daniel Faraday's mother talks to Desmond about the secret plan. While performing on stage, Charlie recognizes Claire in the audience, as the girl of his dreams, when she leaves to give birth to her son, assisted by Kate to get to the hospital.
Finally, Kate has convinced Jack (only partially aware of his parallel memories) to drive to the church, intended for his father's funeral. There, he enters the chapel, and upon touching his father's casket, he too begins to remember everything from the Island, all of them, including his years spent with Kate. However, upon opening the casket, he finds it empty: his father has assumed a spirit form, and reminds him that he, too, died on the island, in his other life, which was as real as the present day. They both enter the church, where all the former islanders have gathered: Sun with Jin; Sawyer with Juliet; Sayid with Shannon; Rose with Bernard; Hurley with Libby (etc.). Even Desmond and Penny are together there, remembering their parallel life and birth of their child. Everyone who recently landed with Oceanic Flight 815, now greet and hug each other as if old friends, remembering how, once, they all were lost'' but now they have found each other.

References
References

2010 in American television
2010 television seasons
American television seasons
A weather map is a tool. It shows facts about the weather quickly.  Weather maps have been used from the mid-19th century, for study and for weather forecasting. Some maps show differences of temperature, and weather fronts. 

A station model is a symbolic picture showing the weather at a reporting station. Meteorologists made the station model to put down many weather elements in a small space on weather maps. Maps thickly filled with station-model plots can be hard to read. However, they help meteorologists, pilots, and mariners to see important weather patterns. A computer draws a station model for every place of observation. The station model is mostly used for surface-weather maps. It can also be used to show the weather in the sky, though. A complete station-model map lets people study patterns in air pressure, temperature, wind, cloud cover, and precipitation.

History
History 

People first began using weather charts in a modern way in the mid-19th century. They began using them to make a theory about storm systems. When a telegraph network developed by 1845, it was possible for people to collect information about the weather. They could get the information from many different places far away quickly enough for the information to be useful. In the 1840s, Joseph Henry took charge. He helped the Smithsonian Institution focus most of its observers on the center and the eastern part of the United States during the 1840s and 1860s.  The U.S. Army Signal Corps kept up this network between 1870 and 1874 by an act of Congress. It later expanded to the Western United States.
At first, all the data on the map was not taken from these analyses. This was because there was not enough time standardization. People first tried to standardize time in Great Britain in 1855. The entire United States was not influenced by time zones (areas with different times) until 1906. This was when Detroit had made the standard time at last. Over all the earth, other countries began taking weather observations at the same time. This started in 1873.

References 

Meteorology
Junpei Shinmura (born 13 October 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for General Caballero.

Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|Tokyo Verdy||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2008||J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2009||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|}

References

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Osaka
Sandro Hiroshi (born 19 November 1979) is a Brazilian football player.

References

1979 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Takumi Oguri (born 5 June 1987) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Honda.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="7"|Honda||rowspan="7"|Football League||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||3||0||1||0||4||0
|-
|2007||14||0||0||0||14||0
|-
|2008||8||1||0||0||8||1
|-
|2009||14||1||0||0||14||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||
40||2||1||0||41||2
40||2||1||0||41||2
|}

References

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Kimitoshi Nōgawa (born 6 February 1984) is a Japanese football player.

References

1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Wakayama Prefecture
Yoshiaki Shimojo (born 10 May 1954) is a former Japanese football player.

1954 births
Living people
Footballers from Nagano Prefecture
Matteo Ferrari (born 5 December 1979) is an Italian football player. He plays for Beşiktaş.

Club career statistics

|-
|1996/97||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0
|-
|1997/98||Genoa||Serie B||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|1998/99||Lecce||Serie B||13||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||15||1
|-
|1999/00||Bari||Serie A||26||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||0
|-
|2000/01||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||19||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0||27||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Parma||rowspan="3"|Serie A||16||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0||24||0
|-
|2002/03||32||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0||37||2
|-
|2003/04||33||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0||41||1
|-
|2004/05||Roma||Serie A||35||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0||46||0

|-
|2005/06||Everton||Premier League||8||0||||||||||1||0||9||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Roma||rowspan="2"|Serie A||27||2||6||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0||39||2
|-
|2007/08||16||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0||23||0
|-
|2008/09||Genoa||Serie A||33||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||0

|-
|2009/10||Beşiktaş||Süper Lig||||||||||||||||||||
253||5||29||1||colspan="2"|-||36||0||318||6
8||0||||||||||1||0||9||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
261||5||29||1||0||0||37||0||327||6
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||6||0
|-
|2004||4||0
|-
!Total||11||0
|}

References

1979 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Hiroaki Kumon (born 20 October 1966) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Furukawa Electric||rowspan="3"|JSL Division 1||6||0||||||||||6||0
|-
|1990/91||5||0||||||3||0||8||0
|-
|1991/92||9||0||||||1||0||10||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Fujita||rowspan="2"|Football League||10||0||||||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|-
|1993||10||1||1||0||5||0||16||1
|-
|1994||rowspan="5"|Bellmare Hiratsuka||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||28||1||5||0||0||0||33||1
|-
|1995||27||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|1996||10||0||1||0||14||0||25||0
|-
|1997||32||0||3||1||5||0||40||1
|-
|1998||23||0||2||0||1||0||26||0
|-
|1999||rowspan="4"|Yokohama||rowspan="2"|Football League||19||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||21||0
|-
|2000||18||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||20||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||26||0||0||0||3||0||29||0
|-
|2002||21||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
244||2||20||1||32||0||296||3
244||2||20||1||32||0||296||3
|}

References

1966 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Tsuneyuki Ueda (born 3 July 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Honda Lock.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||0||0

|-
|2006||Albirex Niigata Singapore||S. League||23||1||3||1||26||2

|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Zweigen Kanazawa||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||14||2||3||0||17||2
|-
|2008||12||1||1||0||13||1
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Honda Lock||rowspan="2"|Football League||16||0||3||0||19||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||
42||3||7||0||49||3
23||1||3||1||26||2
65||4||10||1||75||5
|}

References

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Miyazaki Prefecture
Shunsuke Iwanuma (born 2 June 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Consadole Sapporo.

Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2008||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||5||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
5||1||0||0||0||0||5||1
5||1||0||0||0||0||5||1
|}

References
Consadole Sapporo 

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Gunma Prefecture
Yasuaki Okamoto (born 9 April 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Consadole Sapporo.

Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||9||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||10||2
|-
|2008||J. League 1||13||0||0||0||5||0||18||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||23||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||23||4
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
45||6||1||0||5||0||51||6
45||6||1||0||5||0||51||6
|}

References
Consadole Sapporo 

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Kumamoto Prefecture
Tomotaka Kitamura (born 27 May 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Montedio Yamagata.

Club career statistics

|-
|2001||rowspan="6"|Yokohama||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||15||3||0||0||0||0||15||3
|-
|2002||19||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||22||2
|-
|2003||17||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||18||1
|-
|2004||30||2||3||1||colspan="2"|-||33||3
|-
|2005||30||5||2||0||colspan="2"|-||32||5
|-
|2006||32||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||32||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Montedio Yamagata||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||43||8||2||0||colspan="2"|-||45||8
|-
|2008||39||5||2||0||colspan="2"|-||41||5
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||29||2||2||0||1||1||32||3
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
254||30||15||1||1||1||270||32
254||30||15||1||1||1||270||32
|}

References
Montedio Yamagata 

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Mie Prefecture
Hatem Trabelsi (born 25 January 1977) is a former Tunisian football player. He has played for Tunisia national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2001/02||rowspan="5"|Ajax||rowspan="5"|Eredivisie||21||0
|-
|2002/03||26||1
|-
|2003/04||8||1
|-
|2004/05||24||0
|-
|2005/06||20||0

|-
|2006/07||Manchester City||Premier League||20||1
99||2
20||1
119||3
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1998||6||1
|-
|1999||2||0
|-
|2000||3||0
|-
|2001||5||0
|-
|2002||11||0
|-
|2003||6||0
|-
|2004||6||0
|-
|2005||9||0
|-
|2006||8||0
|-
!Total||56||1
|}

References

1977 births
Living people
Tunisian footballers
Takuya Matsuura (born 21 December 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Júbilo Iwata.

Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||11||1||0||0||3||0||14||1
|-
|2009||10||0||3||0||1||0||14||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
21||1||3||0||4||0||28||1
21||1||3||0||4||0||28||1
|}

References
Júbilo Iwata

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Ryu Okada (born 10 April 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Júbilo Iwata.

Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2008||5||0||1||0||1||0||7||0
|-
|2009||14||1||3||0||3||0||20||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
19||1||4||0||6||0||29||1
19||1||4||0||6||0||29||1
|}

References
Júbilo Iwata

1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Ryohei Yamazaki (born 14 March 1989) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Júbilo Iwata.

Club career statistics

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2008||6||0||0||0||1||0||7||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
6||0||0||0||2||0||8||0
6||0||0||0||2||0||8||0
|}

References
Júbilo Iwata

1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Niigata Prefecture
Yohei Kurakawa (born 10 August 1977) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000||Yokohama F. Marinos||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="4"|Gunma Horikoshi||Prefectural Leagues||||||2||3||colspan="2"|-||2||3
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||||||2||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2003||||||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||||
|-
|2004||Football League||29||4||4||1||colspan="2"|-||33||5
|-
|2005||Horikoshi||Football League||25||6||3||0||colspan="2"|-||28||6
|-
|2006||rowspan="5"|Kashiwa Reysol||J. League 2||16||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||17||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||28||1||1||0||2||1||31||2
|-
|2008||32||1||2||0||5||0||39||1
|-
|2009||15||0||1||0||3||0||19||0
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
145||14||16||4||10||1||171||19
145||14||16||4||10||1||171||19
|}

References
Kashiwa Reysol 

1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamaguchi Prefecture
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Yonekura was born in Chiba on May 17, 1988. After graduating from Yachiyo High School, he joined J1 League club JEF United Chiba in 2007. JEF was relegated to J2 League first time in the club history end of the 2009 season. From 2011, he played many matches as defensive midfielder. In 2013, he was converted to right side back. In 2014, he moved to J1 club Gamba Osaka. In 2014, Gamba won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. Gamba also won the champions in the 2015 Emperor's Cup. In July 2019, he moved to his first club JEF United Chiba.

In July 2015, Yonekura was selected the Japan national team for 2015 East Asian Cup. At this tournament, he debuted against China on August 9. He played 2 games for Japan in 2015.

Statistics
|-
|2007||rowspan="7"|JEF United Chiba||rowspan="3"|J1 League||3||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2008||8||0||0||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||11||1
|-
|2009||16||0||3||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||23||2
|-
|2010||rowspan="4"|J1 League||12||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||13||5
|-
|2011||35||7||3||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||38||8
|-
|2012||22||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||2
|-
|2013||40||6||2||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||42||7
|-
|2014||rowspan="6"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="6"|J1 League||21||1||4||0||9||2||colspan="2"|-||34||3
|-
|2015||31||2||4||0||1||0||10||2||46||4
|-
|2016||21||1||0||0||5||0||5||0||31||1
|-
|2017||13||0||1||0||4||0||1||0||19||0
|-
|2018||26||1||0||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
|-
|2019||8||0||0||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2018||Gamba Osaka U-23||J3 League||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2019||rowspan="3"|JEF United Chiba||rowspan="3"|J2 League||16||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|-
|-
|2020||22||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||22||2
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
295||28||22||4||38||3||16||2||371||37
295||28||22||4||38||3||16||2||371||37
|}
|-
|2015||2||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

References

Other websites

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
J3 League players
JEF United Chiba players
Gamba Osaka players
Gamba Osaka U-23 players
Kazushige Kirihata (born 30 June 1987) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.

Club career statistics

|-
|2006||rowspan="5"|Kashiwa Reysol||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|}

References
Kashiwa Reysol 

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamanashi Prefecture
Japanese association football goalkeepers
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as a Association football or soccer player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||Thespa Kusatsu||Regional Leagues||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|Omiya Ardija||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2005||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||Thespa Kusatsu||J. League 2||48||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||50||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||47||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||47||0
|-
|2008||J. League 1||20||0||0||0||1||0||21||0
|-
|2009||Omiya Ardija||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||5||0||5||0
|-
|2010||Albirex Niigata||J. League 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|2011||rowspan="2"|Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
|-
|2012||J. League 1||||||||||||||||
116||0||2||0||6||0||124||0
116||0||2||0||6||0||124||0
|}

References
References

Other websites
 Albirex Niigata, http://www.albirex.co.jp/topteam/28_takagi.html 

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Ishikawa Prefecture
Albirex Niigata players
is a Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2004||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="3"|Rosso Kumamoto||Regional Leagues||11||2||1||0||12||2
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Football League||3||0||0||0||3||0
|-
|2007||2||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Roasso Kumamoto||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||33||1||1||0||34||1
|-
|2009||23||0||0||0||23||0
|-
|2010||Giravanz Kitakyushu||J. League 2||||||||||||
74||3||2||0||76||3
74||3||2||0||76||3
|}

References

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Hokkaidō Prefecture
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2006||Machida Zelvia||Regional Leagues||13||4||colspan="2"|-||13||4
|-
|2007||rowspan="6"|Ehime||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||12||1||0||0||12||1
|-
|2008||36||0||2||0||38||0
|-
|2009||22||0||0||0||22||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||
|-
|2011||||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||
83||5||2||0||85||5
83||5||2||0||85||5
|}

References

1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamaguchi Prefecture
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football player.

Career

|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Ehime||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||8||0||0||0||8||0
|-
|2008||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2009||7||0||0||0||7||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||
16||0||0||0||16||0
16||0||0||0||16||0
|}

References

1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Osaka Prefecture
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an Association football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2002||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="3"|Tottori||rowspan="3"|Football League||25||8||2||0||27||8
|-
|2004||28||5||2||0||30||5
|-
|2005||27||5||1||1||28||6
|-
|2006||rowspan="5"|Ehime||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||31||2||1||0||32||2
|-
|2007||45||1||4||0||49||1
|-
|2008||35||3||2||0||37||3
|-
|2009||5||0||0||0||5||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||
197||24||12||1||209||25
197||24||12||1||209||25
|}

References

1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Hyōgo Prefecture
Chaetognatha, commonly known as arrow worms, are a phylum of small predatory marine animals. They are present in huge numbers in plankton worldwide.

About 20% of the known species are benthic and can attach to algae or rocks. They are found in all marine waters from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from .

Despite the huge numbers, there are only about 120 modern species in 20 genera. Some species are known to use the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin to subdue their prey.

Chaetognaths appear to have originated in the Cambrian Period. Complete body fossils have been described from China, and the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia.

These animals are usually considered a type of protostome.

References 

Minor phyla
Invertebrates
Pepper spray (also called OC spray, from Oleoresin capsicum) is a spray used for self-defence, by spraying it into an attacker's face. It makes eyes water and causes intense pain, sometimes even leading to temporary blindness. Pepper spray is an inflammatory agent. When someone is sprayed with pepper spray, their eyes will close and they will have difficulty breathing, a runny nose, and cough. The stronger the spray is, the longer the effects last, but the average full effect lasts around thirty to forty-five minutes, with longer effects lasting for hours. Pepper spray is mostly used by police forces for riot control, but in some countries people can use it for self-defence. 

The active ingredient in pepper spray is capsaicin, a chemical found in capsicums, chillis and other members of the pepper family. 

Pepper spray usually comes in canisters and can be sprayed up to twenty-five metres.

Alternate names 
 OC spray (from Oleoresin capsicum)
 Capsicum spray (Australia)

References
References

Capsicum
Safety
Law enforcement equipment
Lord of the Rings: Conquest is a video game based off the award-winning science-fiction movie The Lord of the Rings. It is a real-time strategy game. The game was produced by Pandemic Studios and published by EA Games. This game released on PC, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and a version was also released on Nintendo DS.

Gameplay
Playable classes
Warrior: A melee fighting unit. The warrior has three different attacks. Another attack is the ranged attack, is a throwing axe. There are also some special attacks, like the fire sword, and the "crowd-breaker" which is used when the character is blocking.
Scout: The scout also has three levels of attack. His long-ranged attack he throws a bomb, and he has two knives instead of a sword. He has invisibility and can back-stab people, which can kill them in one attack. The scout is good at killing trolls.
Archer: The archer cannot block attacks, instead he zooms in making it easier to aim. He has four attacks. One is that he has a poison arrow, which slowly decreases their health over time. The effect can be canceled if the character is healed. There is also the fire arrow, which does an enormous amount of damage by exploding upon impact.
Mage: They use magic to defeat their enemies. Their spells consist of lightning bolt, firewall, shield and healing. Lightning is a range attack that can take out single enemies, it can also be charged up and have it bounce from person to person. Fire wall is a spell that creates a circle of flame that damages the enemies if they go near it. The shield blocks certain kinds of attacks. The mage also has an attack where he can damage enemies with an earthquake.
Game modes
The player can choose between single player and multiplayer. The tutorial of the game is where the player will get trained in the moves of every unit class. It is set in the Battle of the Last Alliance, where elves and men have to fight against Sauron and his forces.

The game's "campaign" mode has 16 levels, 8 good and 8 evil, but the player must finish the good campaign before being able to unlock the evil one. The campaign's plot follows the movies closely. The campaign can be played in either single player or in multiplayer. It can also be set to 4 different difficulty modes: easy, normal, difficult or heroic.
"Instant action" is another playable mode. It allows the player about 16 different scenarios, plus 2 more downloadable ones. There are several different game types that can be played:
Team death match: makes the player have to kill as many enemies as possible.
Capture the ring: is where the player must take the ring of power to the enemy's base.
Conquest: the objective is to keep as many bases as possible for as long as possible.
Hero team death match: a variation of death match where the player exclusively uses heroes.

Instant action can also be played online with anybody else, whenever anybody is online. The campaign mode, however has to be played with a friend, someone that the player knows and has consciously added. This way, if the friend with the game is not online, then the campaign cannot be played.

References

Other websites
 The Lord of the Rings: Conquest Official Site
2009 video games
The Lord of the Rings
Real-time strategy video games
Nintendo DS games
PlayStation 3 games
Online games
Video games based on movies
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Roy Lichtenstein (October 27, 1923 – September 29, 1997) was an American artist. He is famous for his work in the "pop art" style around the late 1950's to early 1960's. He was friends with artist Andy Warhol.

He was born and grew up in New York City. After serving in the United States Army during World War II, he finished his education at Ohio State University and began teaching in colleges.

Lichtenstein was interested in mens ballbags popular culture, including comic books and advertising. He made his art about topics like these. He liked to make his art colorful and with bright lines.

Lichtenstein died of pneumonia, aged 74.

References

1923 births
1997 deaths
American artists
Deaths from pneumonia
People from New York City
Pop artists
Andy Warhol
Sodor is a fictional island in the Irish Sea used as the setting for The Railway Series books by the Rev. W. Awdry, and later used in the Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends television series.

Fictional locations
Tomoki Suzuki (born 8 June 1985) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2003||rowspan="6"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="5"|J. League 2||0||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||3||1
|-
|2004||27||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||0
|-
|2005||20||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||21||0
|-
|2006||31||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||32||2
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2008||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
78||2||5||1||0||0||83||3
78||2||5||1||0||0||83||3
|}

References

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Hokkaidō Prefecture