Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Sun Country Airlines is an American low-fare airline. It was started by many former Braniff International Airways employees. It is headquartered in the Dakota County suburb of Eagan, Minnesota.  Sun Country uses nearby Minneapolis/Saint Paul International Airport as a hub. It currently flies to 43 destinations throughout the Caribbean, United States, Mexico, and Costa Rica.

Most of Sun Country's routes either arrive in or depart from Minneapolis-St. Paul. The airline also sometimes has flights between other cities, including Dallas, Texas 

Sun Country has Boeing 737 airplanes.

References

Airlines of the United States
Low-cost airlines
Companies based in Minnesota
1982 establishments in the United States
Virgin America was an U.S. airline. It began operations in 2007.  Its corporate headquarters were located in California. The airline used Airbus A319 and Airbus A320 aircraft, flying to destinations throughout the United States and Mexico.

The airline was partly owned by the Virgin Group.  The Virgin Group also controls Virgin Atlantic Airways and Virgin Australia. However, the Virgin Group had less than a fifty percent share of the airline. This is due to U.S. federal laws that do not allow foreign control of domestic airlines. 

Virgin America was looking to sell all or part of its airline in early 2016. On April 4, 2016, Alaska Airlines announced it would buy Virgin America. Alaska retired the Virgin America name on April 25, 2018, and the airline's branding gradually started to disappear from planes and interiors from that date onwards.

Gallery

References
References

Virgin Group
Low-cost airlines
Airlines of the United States
2004 establishments in the United States
2018 disestablishments in the United States
Companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Defunct companies of the United States
Rebecca Alie O'Connell (née Romijn, born November 6, 1972) is an American movie and television series actress. She played Mystique in the X-men movies and Alexis Meade in the television sitcom Ugly Betty. Romijn was born in Berkeley, California. Her father is Dutch.

References

Other websites 

American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Berkeley, California
1972 births
Living people
Godsend is a 2004 supernatural horror-thriller movie. It is about a couple who lose their child, after which they are put through supernatural forces and nightmares. The movie stars Robert De Niro and Rebecca Romijn. This movie received very bad reviews from critics. Its intake was over $30 million, making Godsend a mild success in the box office.

References

Other websites
 
 Website for the fictional Godsend institute
 
 
 
 

2004 thriller movies
2004 horror movies
2004 fantasy movies
American horror thriller movies
Canadian horror movies
Canadian thriller movies
2000s English-language movies
Lionsgate movies
Movies directed by Nick Hamm
Movies set in Toronto‏‎
Gengen Wer is a god in Egyptian mythology that appears as a goose. He is long forgotten by the Egyptian people, but was famous in Ancient Egypt. He is seen in the series of Rick Riordan's The Kane Chronicles books as a god who is senile. He was sensitive as the earlier Egyptians wrote. He was long forgotten by the Egyptian people, but was admired in Ancient Egypt. He is often associated with artistic expression and laid an egg in the plain of chaos that all matter came from.

Egyptian gods and goddesses
Mount Ebenezer is a pastoral station and roadhouse in the south of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is located on the Lasseter Highway,  from the Stuart Highway to the east and  to Uluṟu in the west. Mount Ebenezer is owned by the community of Imaṉpa, which is surrounded by the property. It is one of the few Aboriginal-owned stations in the Territory. It is managed by Lisanote Pty Ltd, a company also owned by the Imaṉpa Community. This company also operates the Angas Downs Indigenous Protected Area, which borders the property to the west. The lease for the property is held by the Fogarty family.
History
The area falls within the traditional homeland of the southern Luritja people (Matuntara). Mount Ebenezer, the mountain that the station was named after, is in the Basedow Ranges and can be seen to the north of the roadhouse. The mountain itself is named for Ebenezer Flint, who worked in the area in 1871 on the Overland Telegraph Line. In the early 1920s, a pioneer named William Liddle established the Angas Downs sheep station to the west of the Basedow Ranges. He had previously worked at the telegraph station in Alice Springs. He settled at Angas Downs with his wife Mary (an Aranda woman) and had several children. From the late 1920s, the family began to use the Mount Ebenezer area as an extension of Angas Downs.
Mount Ebenezer was established as its own station in 1947 by William's second son, Harold Liddle. He was one of the first people of Aboriginal descent to get a perpetual lease for a pastoral property. Liddle sold the new station to Ted Kunoth in 1952. Kunoth built a roadhouse to service tourist traffic between the Stuart Highway and Uluṟu. In 1978, Kunoth agreed to allow the Aboriginal people of the area to set up a community on a part of the station's lands. The area at Imaṉpa, beneath the Basedow Ranges, was removed from the property for this. Kunoth sold the property's lease to Alan Rogers, who then resold to the Fogarty family in 1993.

References

Other websites
Mount Ebenezer on Exploring Australia

Buildings and structures in Australia
Northern Territory
Farms
Agriculture in Australia
The Evil Dead is a 2013 American horror movie. It is about five friends who stay at a remote cabin. This movie was at first rated NC-17, but changes were made so the movie would get an R rating from the MPAA. Evil Dead was also rated "18" by the BBFC (UK) and rated "R" in Australia. This movie got positive reviews by the critics.

It is a remake of 1981 movie Evil Dead.

References

Other websites 

2013 horror movies
American horror movies
Supernatural horror movies
2010s English-language movies
American movie remakes
Jonathan M. "Jon" Lovitz (born July 21, 1957) is an American comedian, actor and singer. He was known for his sketches on Saturday Night Live from 1985 through 1990. He was also known for his guest-star role as Steve on Friends. He won two Emmy Awards for his writing on comedy series and a Screen Actors Guild Award for his acting in a crew. 

Lovitz was born on July 21, 1957 in Los Angeles, California to a Romanian-Hungarian-Russian-Jewish family. He studied at the University of California at Irvine.

Filmography

References

Other websites

 
 
 Jon Lovitz On MySpace.com

1957 births
Living people
Comedians from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American television personalities
Jewish American actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Writers from Los Angeles
Singers from Los Angeles
Emmy Award winners
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Gerardo Luigi "Jerry" Colonna (September 17, 1904 – November 21, 1986) was an Italian-American comedian, singer, actor, songwriter, and musician. He was known for his big mustache and for working with Bob Hope on comedy shows.

Colonna was born on September 17, 1904 in Boston, Massachusetts to an Italian family. He was married to Florence Purcell in c. 1930 until his death in 1986. They had one son, Robert. Colonna died on November 21, 1986 in Woodland Hills, California from kidney failure, aged 82.

Other websites

WFMU's Jerry Colonna Homage

 Find-A-Grave profile for Jerry Colonna
The Encyclopedia of Disney Animated Shorts

1904 births
1986 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
Comedians from Boston
American songwriters
American radio personalities
Television personalities from Massachusetts
Actors from Boston
Writers from Boston
Musicians from Boston
Singers from Boston
Kozhikode is a district in the state of Kerala, in India. It is divided into four taluks - Kozhikode, Vadakara, Koyilandy and Thamarassery.

Districts of Kerala
Rio de Oro was one of the two territories of Western Sahara, when the territory was under Spanish rule. Rio de Oro, which literally means river of gold is more to the south. The other part was called Saguia el Hamra. The territory is named after a wadi. The capital of the territory is called Dakhla. When the territory was ruled by the Spanish, its name was Villa Cisneros. It has a size of roughly . To the north, the 26th parallel is the border, and to the south, the territory is limited by the 21° 20' parallel (and the border with Mauritania).
Originally, Portuguese traders called the territory Rio do Ouro, they traded goods for gold dust, in the year 1442. They believed to be in Mali ruled by Mansa Musa. Mali was famed for its gold deposits, despite the fact that gold was never found there, and only further south in Akjoujt and south of the Niger River. Historic maps show a river running from the center of Africa to the Atlantic Ocean, newer maps show a shorter river which ends in a wadi named Megeta Mersug. In 1886, a Spanish expedition searched for this river, but did not find it.

References 

Western Sahara
Spanish Africa
Platform shoes are shoes that have extremely dense soles. They are often made out of plastics, rubber or cork. Platform shoes were first worn during the Ancient era. They are known to add height to whoever is wearing them. The shoes are oftentimes worn to avoid coming in contact with urban street filth, grime and muck. These shoes were very popular between the 1930s and the 1980s in the United States, Europe and the United Kingdom. They were worn mostly by girls or young women, although middle-aged or elderly women sometimes wear the shoes. Comfort platforms were invented during the disco music era, and would be designed to mix added heights and sneaker style or orthotic comforts. The fad eventually fizzled out during the late 1980s and early 1990s, though by then people of all ages, particularly girls and young to middle-aged women, wore the shoes.

Footwear
Footwear

1930's
Moshe Kimel introduced the modern platform shoe in the 30's for actress Marlene Dietrich. This started a fad among the elite and well to do. The growing popularity of the shoe sparked several well known copies such as "the rainbow" by Salvatore Ferragamo . At this time the shoes were typically made with cork due to the production material changes many had to face during World War II. As many trends do this one slowly disappeared from the main stream media, and didn't reaper till the late 60's.
1970's-1980's
Carole Basetta was the well known designer producing shoes for famous artists such as David Bowie . This time it was not just a feminine fashion statement but men also wore platforms as well because platforms started coming in different forms like boots, trainers, and sandals. Tony Randell wore clear platforms with goldfish in the heals on a tv show and again these shoes appeared in Starsky and Hutch . In the 80's brands popularized the comfort platform which was meant for everyday use.  

Late 90's early 2000's
While introduced in the early 90's platforms didn't pick up in mainstream fashion till the late 90's. This may be due to Naomi Campbell's runway fall in 1993 while wearing Vivienne Westwood's platform heels. After the 90's platforms did not pick up again till around 2003-2004 when YSL made a tribute sandal to commemorate the 70's shoe style. Many celebrities' liked this design for the added sex appeal.
2010-2020
This era of platform shoe was more popular with the platform boot style. Some of the more well known brands are Demonia, Bordello, and Dolls kill. With the rise of E-girl as a subculture in 2019 the sale of gothic style platform boots have gone up. During the 2010 era clear shoes wear also popularized by Kim Kardashian West. These clear platform shoes allow to to put trinkets in your shoe ranging from flowers, kids toys, and plastic fish to Halloween decorations, spiders, and baby doll heads.
A gown is a type of clothing usually worn by women. There are different kinds of gowns. Some are worn on formal occasions such as marriages. Some are worn in hospitals. Some are worn to sleep in.

Other websites

Dresses
Mary Janes are low-cut, rounded-toed shoes that are worn almost entirely by girls or women. They are usually low or mid heeled, though there are some that are high heeled. The shoes have one thin strap over the instep of the foot. They are made almost exclusively of leather. These shoes are worn at school, in church or during work (for certain places), and with skirts, dresses and certain types of pants.

Classic Mary Jane shoes is for the of the punk rock, psychobilly, and goth subculture and the kinderwhore and Lolita fashion and the with and religious, birthday parties, visits and the with and schoolgirl style or  the School uniform and the with a Velcro

Footwear
Nature is a scientific journal.  It was first published on 4 November 1869. It is the world's most cited  scientific journal.  That means that, when scientists write formal reports of their experiments, they list all the earlier studies that they read in their reference section.  They list studies from Nature in their reference sections more than studies from any other journal. It is also the longest continuously published scientific weekly.

Most scientific journals are now specific to just one kind of science, for example only biochemistry or only mining science. Nature is one of the few journals which still publish original research articles across the whole range of science. Important new advances and original scientific research is published as articles or letters in Nature. Nature also prints surveys and reviews of important research fields.
Research scientists are the primary audience for the journal, but ordinary people read it as well. Because of this, articles are written and edited to make them understandable to scientists in other fields and any educated person. 

In the first pages of each issue are editorials, news and feature articles on issues of general interest to scientist. Topics include current affairs, science funding, business, scientific ethics and research breakthroughs. There are also sections on books and arts. Because of limits on the length of articles, often the printed text is a summary of the work in question. Details may be put in supplementary material on the journal's website.

Nature has spun off a series of more specialised journals which publish longer, more technical articles which would be unsuitable for Nature's wider readership.

References 

Science and technology magazines
American weekly magazines
Journals
Diabetic retinopathy, is the most common eye disease caused by diabetes, it damages the retinas in both eyes, causing vision problems which may lead to blindness.

It affects up to 80 percent of all patients who have had diabetes for 10 years or more. However it is possible that at least 90% of these new cases could be kept from becoming severe with early diagnosis and proper treatment.

Signs and symptoms

 

Diabetic retinopathy often has no early warning signs. As new blood vessels form at the back of the eye as a part of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), they can bleed (ocular hemorrhage) and blur vision. The first time this happens, it may not be very severe. In most cases, it will leave just a few specks of blood, or spots, floating in a person's visual field, though the spots often go away after a few hours.
These spots are often followed within a few days or weeks by a much greater leakage of blood, which blurs vision. In extreme cases, a person will only be able to tell light from dark in that eye. It may take the blood anywhere from a few days to months or even years to clear from the inside of the eye, and in some cases the blood will not clear. These types of large hemorrhages tend to happen more than once, often during sleep.

On funduscopic exam, a doctor will see spots, flame hemorrhages, and dot-blot hemorrhages.

Elevation of blood-glucose levels can also cause edema (swelling) of the crystalline lens  as a result of sorbitol (sugar alcohol) building up in the lens. This edema often causes temporary myopia (nearsightedness). A common sign of swelling of the lens  is blurring of distance vision while near vision remains adequate.

Treatment

Scatter laser surgery
During the first three stages of diabetic retinopathy, no treatment is needed, unless there is macular edema. To prevent diabetic retinopathy from getting worse, diabetics should control their levels of blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood cholesterol.

Proliferative retinopathy is treated with scatter laser surgery, which helps to shrink the abnormal blood vessels. During the surgery 1,000 to 2,000 laser burns are placed in the areas of the retina away from the macula, causing the abnormal blood vessels to shrink. Two or more sessions usually are required to complete treatment. There may be some loss of peripheral (side) vision, and color vision, and night vision may also be slightly reduced.

Scatter laser treatment works best before the abnormal fragile, new blood vessels which grow because of the disease have started to bleed. Treatment may still be possible after bleeding has begun in some cases.
Focal laser surgery
Macular edema is treated with focal laser treatment. Up to several hundred small laser burns are placed in the areas of retinal leakage surrounding the macula. These burns cauterize the blood vessels, reduces tha amount of leakage and fluid build-up in the retina. The surgery is usually done in one session but further treatments may be needed. If both eyes are affected by macular edema only one is treated at a time usually a few weeks apart.

Focal laser treatment stabilizes vision and reduces the risk of vision loss by 50 percent. In a small number of cases, if vision is lost, it can be improved.

Viteroctomy 
Viteroctomy is the surgical removal of the vitreous humur. The vitreous humur is a clear, thick, gel-like fluid, that fills the inside of the eyeball and helps it to maintain its shape.
This treatment is done in cases of proliferative retinopathy that causes severe scar tissue to form on the retina or when new blood vessels continue to grow on the retina after laser treatments.
Drug treatment
According to research done by the National Eye Institute, prompt treatment of diabetic macular edema with the drug Lucentis, with or without laser treatment, resulted in better vision than laser treatment alone, or steroid injections. When injected into the eye, Lucentis, and two other similar drugs, Avastin or Aylea, reduce fluid leakage and interfere with the growth of new blood vessels in the retina.

References

Other websites
 Diabetic Retinopathy  Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).

Diseases and disorders of the eye
Diabetes mellitus
Kramer vs. Kramer is a 1979 American drama movie. It was written and directed by Robert Benton. It is based on a novel by Avery Corman. It stars Dustin Hoffman and Meryl Streep as New York City married couple Ted and Joanna Kramer. She leaves him and their son; the couple divorce. Fifteen months later, she decides she wants custody of the child, taking Ted to court.

Other websites 

1979 drama movies

American drama movies
American legal movies
Best Picture Oscar
English-language movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies about divorce
Movies about dysfunctional families
Movies based on books
Movies set in New York City
Columbia Pictures movies
Movies directed by Robert Benton
Kozhikode, also known as Calicut, is a city in the state of Kerala in southern India. Kozhikode is the third largest city in Kerala. It is part of the second largest urban agglomeration in Kerala with a metropolitan population of 2,030,519 as per 2011 census. The city lies about  north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram.

References 

Cities in Kerala
Jerzy Nowak (June 20, 1923 – March 26, 2013) was a Polish actor and teacher. He was known for his roles as a Jewish investor in Schindler's List, as a "bumpkin farmer" in Three Colors: White, and as the great creative Zucker in The Promised Land.

Nowak was born on June 20, 1923 in Brzesko, Poland. He was raised in Kraków, Poland. Nowak studied at the Ludwik Solski Academy for the Dramatic Arts.

He was married two times. He was married to his second wife, Maria Andruszkiewicz-Smith, from 1989 until his death in 2013. He had no children.

Nowak died on March 26, 2013 in Warsaw, Poland from natural causes, aged 89.

References

Other websites
 

1923 births
2013 deaths
Actors from Kraków
Polish movie actors
Polish television actors
Polish stage actors
Polish voice actors
The name Curse of Tippecanoe (also known as Tecumseh's Curse, the Presidential Curse, Zero-Year Curse, the Twenty-Year Curse, or the Twenty-Year Presidential Jinx) is used to describe the death of Presidents of the United States in office while elected or re-elected in a year ending in "0".

The "curse" began when President William Henry Harrison (elected in 1840) died in office from pneumonia just one month after becoming President.  According to a folk tale, the "curse" happened because then-General Harrison had fought on Native American grounds during the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe.  The battle was famous, and "Old Tippecanoe" became Harrison's nickname.  But the battle made the Native Americans so angry that they cursed his name.
The last President included in this "curse" to die was John F. Kennedy.  He was elected in 1960 and assassinated in 1963.  Two later Presidents elected in "0" years: Ronald Reagan (1980), survived an assassination attempt and George W. Bush (2000), who also survived an assassination attempt. 

Current President Joe Biden would be next in line seeing how he was elected in 2020.

Presidents
The following Presidents were part of the "curse":

 William Henry Harrison (1841) (Pneumonia)
 Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865, second term) (Assassinated)
 James A. Garfield (1881) (Assassinated)
 William McKinley (1897-1901, second term) (Assassinated)
 Warren G. Harding (1921-1923) (Pneumonia)
 Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945, fourth term) (Brain hemorrhage)
 John F. Kennedy (1961-1963) (Assassinated)

The only president who died in office without being elected in a "cursed" year was Zachary Taylor, who was elected in 1848 and died in 1850.
Survivors
The most recent two Presidents elected in a "zero" year survived the "curse":

 Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) (Assassination attempt) 
 George W. Bush (2001-2009) (Assassination attempt)

Many people think that the curse was broken or lifted when John Hinckley tried to kill Ronald Reagan while he left a hotel in Washington, D.C.. After Reagan survived the attack no other Presidents after him were harmed until George W. Bush was elected.

References

Other websites
The Mortal Presidency: Film and Documentary  Shapell Manuscript Foundation

History of the United States
William Henry Harrison
The Assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan happened on Monday, March 30, 1981, 69 days after becoming President. Ronald Reagan was leaving after a speaking engagement at the Washington Hilton Hotel in Washington, D.C.. As Reagan left to enter his car, John Hinckley, Jr. fired his gun.

Assassination attempt

At 2:27 pm Eastern Time, Reagan exited the hotel through "President's Walk" and its K Street NW exit toward his waiting limousine. Hinckley waited within the crowd of civilians. While the Secret Service blocked those attending the president's speech, in a "colossal mistake" the agency allowed an unsearched group to stand within feet of him, behind a rope line.

Reagan unexpectedly passed right in front of Hinckley. Believing he would never get a better chance, Hinckley fired a Röhm RG-14 .22 Long Rifle blue steel revolver six times in 1.7 seconds.
As Special Agent In Charge Jerry Parr quickly pushed Reagan into the limousine, the fourth bullet hit Secret Service agent Timothy McCarthy in the abdomen as he spread his body over Reagan to protect him. The fifth bullet hit the bullet-resistant glass of the window on the open side door of the limousine. The sixth and final bullet ricocheted off the armored side of the limousine and hit the president in his left underarm, grazing a rib and lodging in his lung, stopping nearly 1 inch (25mm) from his heart. Parr's prompt reaction saved Reagan from being hit in the head. Reagan suffered from a punctured lung and heavy internal bleeding. He received medical attention quickly.

After the shooting
After the shooting

The powers of the President were never actually given to anyone else during this time through the presidential line of succession. Secretary of State Alexander Haig caused anger and arguments at a press conference by stating "I am in control here", while Vice President George H. W. Bush returned to Washington D.C. Since the Vice President was not physically present in Washington D.C., Secretary Haig thought that, as Secretary of State, he was to meant to assume command. In reality, according to the US Constitution, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Tip O'Neill was to take over from President Reagan, and Vice President Bush to be in charge. Secretary Haig was angry about his mistake as was Speaker O'Neill.

Hinckley's motivation

The shooter was 30-year old John Hinckley. Hinckley said that he wanted to shoot President Reagan to impress actress Jodie Foster. He planned the assassination after he saw the movie Taxi Driver and there was a scene similar to the event.
Hinckley decided to copy DeNiro's character in the movie. He began to stalk President Jimmy Carter. He was surprised at how easy it was to get close to the president—only one foot away at one event. He was arrested in October 1980 at Nashville International Airport for illegal possession of firearms. Even though Carter made a campaign stop there, the Federal Bureau of Investigation did not connect this arrest to the President and did not tell the United States Secret Service.

He wrote three or four more notes to Foster in early March 1981. Foster gave these notes to her dean, who gave them to the Yale police department. After this, the police wanted to find Hinckley, but failed. Hinckley soon moved to Washington, D.C. to carry-out his assassination plan.

Aftermath

Nobody was killed in the attack. Press Secretary James Brady was left paralyzed and permanently disabled. Brady died in August 2014. Hinckley was found not guilty by reason of insanity. He was in a psychiatric facility until 2016.
The members of his staff were anxious for the president to appear to be recovering quickly, and the morning after his operation he saw visitors and signed a piece of legislation. Reagan left the hospital on the 13th day. He was able to travel outside of Washington 49 days later.

Before the shooting, Reagan had the lowest approval ratings of any president during his first term in office. After the shooting, Reagan's approval ratings rose. The assassination attempt boosted his popularity and some may say that it helped him win his re-election campaign in 1984.

Hinckley trial
Hinckley was found not guilty by reason of insanity on June 21, 1982. The defense psychiatric reports had found him to be insane while the prosecution reports declared him legally sane.

Following his lawyers' advice, he was not a witness in his own defense. Hinckley was confined at St. Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, D.C..  He was released in 2016.
Related pages
 Killing Reagan, a 2015 book about the attempted assassination, by political commentator Bill O'Reilly.

References

Other websites

Assassination Attempt of President Ronald Reagan (full length video) 

1981 crimes in the United States
1980s in Washington, D.C.
1980s murders in the United States
Crime in Washington, D.C.
March events
Assassination attempt
The Murchison meteorite is named after the place it fell: Murchison, Victoria, Australia.  It is large (over 100 kg) and it was seen falling.  It is one of the most studied meteorites, since it belongs to a group of meteorites rich in organic compounds, known as carbonaceous chondrites.

On 28 September 1969 at about 10:58 am, a bright fireball was seen. It separated into three fragments before disappearing, leaving a cloud of smoke. About 30 seconds later, a tremor was heard. People found fragments over an area larger than 13 km², with fragments up to 7 kg. One, weighing 680 g, broke through a roof and fell in hay. The mass is over 100 kg.

The biochemistry 
This type of meteorite is rich in carbon. Murchison contains over 15 amino acids. The amino acids found in the Murchison meteorite can be (and have been) synthesised in laboratory experiments. This was done by the action of electric discharge on a mixture of methane, nitrogen, and water with traces of ammonia.
The amino acids were mostly racemic. This means the chirality of their enantiomers are almost  equally left- and right-handed. This suggests they are not caused by terrestrial contamination. A complex mixture of alkanes was isolated as well, similar to that found in the Miller-Urey experiment. Serine and threonine, often earthly contaminants, were absent from the samples.

In 1997 research showed that individual amino-acids from Murchison were enriched in the nitrogen isotope 15N relative to their terrestrial counterparts. This confirmed an extraterrestrial source. The organic materials identified included sugar-like compounds (polyols).

Several lines of evidence show that the inside of well-preserved fragments from Murchison are pristine (not contaminated). A 2010 study identified  14,000 molecular compounds (including 70 amino acids) in a sample of the meteorite. There may be 50,000 or more different molecular compositions in the meteorite.
Nucleobases 
Measured purine and pyrimidine compounds are in the Murchison meteorite. Carbon isotope ratios for uracil and xanthine show a non-terrestrial origin for these compounds. The results show many organic compounds which are components of life on Earth were already present in the early Solar System. They may have played a  role in life's origin.

References 

Meteorites
Impact events
Law Abiding Citizen is a 2009 American crime drama thriller movie. The subjects in this movie are capital punishment and murder. Jamie Foxx and Viola Davis are in the cast. This movie was rated NC-17 for extreme violence, although was later edited for an R-rating. The movie got negative reviews from the critics. Its box office performance was very good.

2009 drama movies
2009 crime thriller movies
2000s crime drama movies
2000s drama thriller movies
American crime drama movies
American crime thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
American prison movies
English-language movies
Movies about revenge
Movies set in Philadelphia
Movies directed by F. Gary Gray
The Boeing 314 Clipper was a flying boat. It was made by the Boeing Airplane Company between 1938 and 1941. It was one of the biggest planes at that time, and it used the wing of the XB-15 bomber. Twelve Clippers were made for Pan Am. Three of them were sold to BOAC during the Battle of Britain (1940).

Design and development

Pan American had asked for a flying boat with a very long range. Boeing wanted to make it, and Pan American asked for six of Boeing's planes. Boeing engineers used a  wing taken from one of Boeing's earlier planes. The new plane had  Wright Twin Cyclone.

The plane made flew for the first time on June 7, 1938. The test pilot found some things wrong with the plane. Boeing fixed these and the plane was fine.
 
Weight was very important. Every passenger could only have  of baggage for free. They had to pay $3.25 per lb ($7.15/kg) if they went over this limit.
Pan Am's "Clippers" were meant for luxury. The seats could be changed into beds. The plane normally flew at only , so flights sometimes lasted more than 12 hours. The 314s had a lounge and dining area, and the planes had chefs from four-star hotels. Men and women had dressing rooms, too. The luxury on Pan American's Boeing 314s was better than anything since then. They were for very rich people. It cost about the same amount as it would have cost to fly on Concorde in 2006.

The 314 was also successful because of its Pan Am flight crews. They were very good at long-distance flying. Many of the flights had another crew for training. Only the best pilots flew the Boeing 314. If it was hard to see because of fog, pilots sometimes landed at sea and then moved Clipper on the water.

History

The first 314, Honolulu Clipper, started being used in January 1939.
When war started in the Pacific, Pacific Clipper was flying to New Zealand. Instead of going back to Honolulu, it went to New York. This was done to avoid being shot down by Japanese fighters.

Pan Am's Boeing 314s were used by the military in World War II. The only thing that changed was how the painting on the plane looked. The Clippers were still flown by their crews from Pan Am.  The Boeing 314s used by the military were called C-98s.  Winston Churchill flew on Boeing 314s sometimes.

After the war, many Clippers were given back to Pan Am.  However, the Boeing 314 was now out-of-date.

Retirement

One Pan Am 314, called the California Clipper, had flown more than one million miles when it was retired. Three Boeing 314s crashed.

Types of Boeing 314
Model 314
First version, six made
Model 314A
Better version with better engines, more fuel and better cabin. It would fly for 4,700 miles. Six were made.

Users

Pan American World Airways
United States Army Air Forces
United States Navy
British Overseas Airways Corporation

Boeing 314s which still exist 
No Boeing 314s still exist today. However, there is a replica at the Foynes Flying Boat Museum, Foynes, County Limerick, Ireland.

Details (314A Clipper)

References
Notes

Bibliography
Bowers, Peter M. "The Great Clippers, Part I." Airpower, Volume 7, No. 6, November 1977.
 Bowers, Peter M. "The Great Clippers, Part II." Wings, Volume 7, No. 6, December 1977.
 Bridgeman, Leonard. “The Boeing 314-A Clipper.” Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946. .
 Brock, Horace. Flying the Oceans: A Pilot's Story of Pan Am, 1935-1955. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc., 3d edition: 1978, .
 Dorr, Robert F. Air Force One. New York: Zenith Imprint, 2002. .
 Dover, Ed. The Long Way Home: A Journey into History with Captain Robert Ford. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Amazon POD,  Revised Edition 2010, First edition 2008. .
 Hardesty, Von. Air Force One: The Aircraft that Shaped the Modern Presidency. Chanhassen, Minnesota: Northword Press, 2003. .
 Klaás, M.D. "Clipper Across the Pacific, Part One." Air Classics, Volume 25, No. 12,  December 1989.
 Klaás, M.D. "Clipper Across the Pacific, Part Two." Air Classics, Volume 26, No. 1,  January 1990.
Klaás, M.D. "Clipper Flight 9035." Air Classics, Volume 29, No. 2,  February 1993.
 Klaás, M.D. "The Incredible Clippers." Air Classics, Volume 5, No. 5,  June 1969.
 Klaás, M.D. "When the Clippers Went to War" Air Classics, Volume 27, No. 4,  April 1991.
 "Towards the Flying Ship - Details of the Boeing 314 or Atlantic Clipper: A 100-passenger Successor?" Flight, July 21, 1938, pp. 67–68.
Other websites

 The Boeing 314
 Pan American Clippers 1931-1946
 Boeing 314
 Boeing 314
 Boeing 314 
 China Clipper 75th Anniversary Commemorative Flight (November 2010 - San Francisco Aeronautical Society)
 "Two Day Turn Around", February 1941 article

314
Theoren Wallace "Theo" Fleury (born June 29, 1968) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger that played 16 seasons in National Hockey League (NHL).

Fleury was drafted by the Calgary Flames with the 166th overall pick in the 1987 NHL Draft. Fleury played in the NHL for four teams, Calgary Flames from 1988 to 1999, Colorado Avalanche during the 1998-99 NHL season, New York Rangers from 1999 to 2002, and Chicago Blackhawks during the 2002-03 NHL season. He won the Stanley Cup with the Flames in the 1988–89 NHL season. Fleury also won a gold medal with Team Canada in the 2002 Winter Olympics.
Fleury wrote an autobiography titled Playing with Fire, and it was released on October 16, 2009. In the autobiography, he wrote about being sexually abused at the hands of his coach, Graham James. He also wrote about his battles with drug and alcohol addictions and mentioned that he placed a loaded gun in his mouth and contemplated suicide in 2004. Fleury is currently a motivational speaker and has participated in numerous charitable causes. He was a participant on the second season of the figure skating reality show Battle of the Blades and finished in 5th place with his partner Jamie Salé.

References

Other websites
Offical website 

Calgary Flames players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Canadian Olympic gold medalists
Chicago Blackhawks players
Colorado Avalanche players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
New York Rangers players
Stanley Cup champions
1968 births
Living people
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Henry "Hank" Blade (April 28, 1921 – February 8, 2003) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre that played 24 games in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks. 

Blade also played for the Ottawa Commandos and Ottawa Senators of the QSHL, Kansas City Pla-Mors and Milwaukee Sea Gulls of the USHL, Pittsburgh Hornets of the AHL and Calgary Stampeders of the PCHL and the WHL. He died on February 8, 2003.

Other websites

Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
1937 births
2003 deaths
La Güera (also known as Tagwirt, Lagouira, or El Gouera) (Berber: ⵜⴰⴳⵡⵉⵔⵜ, Arabic: الكويرة) is a ghost town on the Atlantic coast at the southern tip of Western Sahara. It is on the western side of the Ras Nouadhibou peninsula. The ghost town is  west of Nouadhibou. It is also the name of a daira at the Sahrawi refugee camps in south-western Algeria. The name comes from the Spanish word  which is a ditch which carries rainwater to the crops. By 2002, it had been abandoned and parts of it had been covered by sand. At the time, only a few Imraguen fishermen lived there and the area was guarded and controlled by a Mauritanian military outpost, despite this not being formally Mauritanian territory.

La Güera is the southernmost town of Western Sahara. It is claimed by both the Kingdom of Morocco and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Lagouira is situated south of the Moroccan Wall, and abandoned by both Moroccan and POLISARIO forces.

References

Settlements in Western Sahara
Histrionic personality disorder (HPD) is a cluster B personality disorder. The name is derived from Latin histrio, which is usually translated as actor. People with this condition constantly seek to direct attention to their own person. Very often they also flirt and try to seduce others in inappropriate ways to get this attention, for example by being exhibitionist. These attempts at seduction usually start when they are teenagers. Histrionics feel a strong need to receive a lot of appreciation, admiration and reassurance. HPD affects about four times as many women (4%) as men (1%). It has a prevalence of between two and three percent in the general population, and between ten and fifteen percent in mental health institutions.
HPD lies in the dramatic cluster of personality disorders. People with HPD have a high need for attention, make loud and inappropriate appearances, exaggerate their behaviors and emotions, and crave stimulation. They may exhibit sexually provocative behavior, express strong emotions with an impressionistic style, and can be easily influenced by others. Associated features include egocentrism, self-indulgence, continuous longing for appreciation, and persistent manipulative behavior to achieve their own needs.

Mnemonic 
A mnemonic that can be used to remember the characteristics of histrionic personality disorder is "PRAISE ME":
 Provocative (or seductive) behavior
 Relationships are considered more intimate than they actually are
 Attention-seeking
 Influenced easily
 Speech (style) wants to impress; lacks detail
 Emotional lability; shallowness
 Make-up; physical appearance is used to draw attention to self
 Exaggerated emotions; theatrical
Comorbidity 
Most histrionics also have other mental disorders. HPD is comorbid (often occurs alongside): mood disorders, eating disorders, somatoform disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and other personality disorders - especially antisocial, borderline, narcissistic and dependent.

References

Cluster B personality disorders
Waltham Cross is a town in southeast Hertfordshire just north of London. It is named after a cross in the town centre dating from 1294, put there by King Edward I of England.

Towns in Hertfordshire
Salvation in Christianity is found through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus. This is why Good Friday, the day the Christian churches remember His death, is called good. Also Easter celebrates His resurrection and is the most important Christian holiday. Christians believe that atonement with God was gained by Jesus for all sinners who will accept Him, as He led a perfect life.

Three Phases of Salvation

Many Christian writers say that Jesus saves us in three ways.

Justification means that God has forgiven all our sins.  This is based on Jesus having died in our place. This becomes real for any person when they put their faith in Jesus.
 
Sanctification means that we become people that live a good life. This process is usually gradual, but may happen quickly.

Glorification means that when we die or Jesus returns to earth we will be taken to heaven to live with him.

How Salvation happens
Various Christian groups have somewhat different views about how salvation happens.  However, all agree that the death of Jesus, followed by his resurrection is what makes salvation possible. They also agree that individual humans must respond to God's initiative.  

Before salvation can take place, a person must become aware that they need it.  The Holy Spirit is God's instrument in this.
John Calvin called this Predestination, Saint Augustine and John Wesley called it "prevenient" (coming before) grace. Others call it common grace. The Catholic Encyclopedia states that salvation "begins with the grace of God which touches a sinner's heart, and calls him to repentance. This grace cannot be merited; it proceeds solely from the love and mercy of God"
A person who knows that they are in need of salvation, must also know that it is available. This happens when the person hears the gospel. The gospel is the news that Jesus has died and risen and promises eternal life to those who receive Him. The person then believes this message and responds.  Various groups of Christians see this response in different ways.  The Catholic and Orthodox churches, and some Restoration Churches say that the required response is Baptism.  Other Protestants suggest a prayer to "ask Jesus to enter their heart (life)". In American evangelism, sometimes the suggested response has been to go to the front of a church in a public declaration of faith.   St. Paul seems to have set down the proper response in his letter to the Romans, Chapter 10 verse 9. if you confess with your mouth “Jesus is Lord” and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved
.  Christians believe that the proper response to  Jesus brings about justification, (forgiveness of sins), and begins the process of sanctification.
Sanctification is also the work of God with the Christian responding to that work.  Some churches say that the sacraments are very important in this.  This would include receiving the Mass and confession.  Others would emphasize reading the Bible, prayer, going to church and telling others about Jesus.

References

Related pages 
 History of salvation

Other websites 
God's plan of Salvation
Salvation- Catholic encyclopaedia
Born of Water and Spirit

Christian theology
Afterlife
Clarence John "Taffy" Abel (May 28, 1900 – August 1, 1964) was an American professional ice hockey defenseman that played 8 seasons in the National Hockey League.

Abel played 3 seasons with the New York Rangers and 5 seasons with the Chicago Black Hawks. He also played for the Minneapolis Millers of the Central Hockey League for 23 games and won a silver medal with the United States in the 1924 Winter Olympics. He won the Stanley Cup with the Rangers in the 1927–28 NHL season. After he retired, he returned to his hometown and coached ice hockey as well as operated a tourist hotel. He was inducted into the United States Hall of Fame in 1973. He was the first United States-born player to become a NHL regular player.

Other websites

American ice hockey defensemen
Sportspeople from Michigan
Chicago Blackhawks players
New York Rangers players
1900 births
1964 deaths
Madge Sinclair (April 28, 1938 - December 20, 1995) was a character actress. She did voices for many movies. She was born in Kingston, Jamaica. She died in Los Angeles, California due to leukemia.

References

Jamaican entertainers
Deaths from leukemia
Movie actors
1938 births
1995 deaths
Pokémon Puzzle League is a puzzle video game for the Nintendo 64 game console. It was released in North America and Europe in 2000. Unlike most Pokémon games, it was never released in Japan. It is based on Nintendo's Panel de Pon puzzle video game series with a Pokémon theme. It is the only game to take place in the Pokémon anime universe. It was released for the Wii's Virtual Console in 2008.

Gameplay

Players clear blocks that come down by lining them up in horizontal or vertical lines of three or more blocks. The lines have to have the same kind of block. As new blocks come down, the playfield rises. If it makes it to the top, the player loses. The player can stop the playfield from rising by clearing blocks. In two-player games, clearing more than one line at once causes "garbage" blocks to come down on the opponent's side of the field. Garbage blocks can be cleared by clearing lines below them.

The game has 2D and 3D modes. In 3D mode, the playfield is a cylinder that is 18 blocks wide.
In two-player games, players can select one of fourteen Pokémon trainers to play as. Unlike other Pokémon games, trainers and their Pokémon do not have an effect on the gameplay.

Puzzle video games
Nintendo 64 games
2000 video games
Virtual Console games
Pokémon video games
Pokémon Puzzle Challenge is a puzzle video game for the Game Boy Color game console. It was released in Japan on September 21, 2000, in North America on December 4, 2000, and in Europe on June 15, 2001. It is based upon Nintendo's Panel de Pon video game series, with a Pokémon Gold and Silver theme.

Gameplay

Players clear blocks that come down by lining them up in horizontal or vertical lines of three or more blocks. The lines have to be of the same kind of block. As new blocks come down, the playfield goes up. If the playfield reaches the top, the game ends. The player can stop the playfield by clearing blocks. The more lines a player clears at once, the higher their score will be.

There are three modes of play: single-player, multi-player, and training. Players can play as a number of different Pokémon from Pokémon Gold and Silver, including Pikachu, Cyndaquil, and Totodile. New Pokémon can be unlocked by winning against other Pokémon trainers.
Puzzle video games
Game Boy Color games
2000 video games
Pokémon video games
The Frighteners is a 1996 supernatural horror thriller movie. The main stories of this movie are exorcism and unexpected incidents during the early 1990s. Dee Wallace and Michael J. Fox are in the cast. This supernatural movie was released July 19, 1996 in the United States. The reviews were mostly positive. The movie earned back almost, but not quite, its budget.

1996 horror movies
1996 thriller movies
1996 comedy movies
New Zealand horror movies
New Zealand thriller movies
New Zealand comedy movies
American horror movies
American thriller movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Peter Jackson