Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Trump's presidential transition team was led by Chris Christie until November 11, 2016, when Vice President-elect Mike Pence took over.

President of the United States

Inauguration

On January 20, 2017, Trump was sworn in by Chief Justice John G. Roberts as President of the United States at his inauguration ceremony at the United States Capitol Building. Within his first hour as president, he signed several executive orders, including an order to minimize "the economic burden" of the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare.

On the Saturday following Trump's inauguration there were massive demonstrations protesting Trump in the United States and worldwide, including the 2017 Women's March.
Cabinet and staff
The following people were part of Donald Trump's cabinet. They are the most senior officers of the executive branch.
Secretary of State: Rex Tillerson (2017-2018), Mike Pompeo (2018-2021)
Secretary of the Treasury: Steven Mnuchin
Secretary of Defense: James Mattis (2017-2019), Mark Esper (2019-2021)
Attorney General: Jeff Sessions (2017-2018), William Barr (2019-2021)
Secretary of the Interior: Ryan Zinke (2017-2019), David Bernhardt (2019-2021)
Secretary of Agriculture: Sonny Perdue
Secretary of Commerce: Wilbur Ross
Secretary of Labor: Alexander Acosta (2017-2019), Eugene Scalia (2019-2021)
Secretary of Health and Human Services: Tom Price (2017), Alex Azar (2018-2021)
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development: Ben Carson
Secretary of Transportation: Elaine Chao
Secretary of Energy: Rick Perry (2017-2019), Dan Brouillette (2019-2021)
Secretary of Education: Betsy DeVos
Secretary of Veterans' Affairs: David Shulkin (2017-2018), Robert Wilkie (2018-2021)
Secretary of Homeland Security: John F. Kelly (2017), Kirstjen Nielsen (2017-2019)
The following people held other important jobs in the executive branch. They are also selected by the president.
White House Chief of Staff: Reince Priebus (2017), John F. Kelly (2017-2019), Mark Meadows (2020-2021)
United States Trade Representative: Robert Lighthizer
Director of National Intelligence: Dan Coats (2017-2019), John Ratcliffe (2020-2021)
Ambassador to the United Nations: Nikki Haley (2017-2019), Kelly Craft (2019-2021)
Director of the Office of Management and Budget: Mick Mulvaney (2017-2020), Russell Vought (2020-2021)
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency: Mike Pompeo (2017-2018), Gina Haspel (2018-2021)
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency: Scott Pruitt (2017-2018), Andrew R. Wheeler (2019-2021)
Administrator of the Small Business Administration: Linda McMahon (2017-2019), Jovita Carranza (2020-2021)
First days
On January 23, 2017 Trump signed the executive order withdrawing the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a trade agreement between the United States and eleven Pacific Rim nations—Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and Vietnam that would have created a "free-trade zone for about 40 percent of the world's economy." Two days later, he ordered the construction of the Mexico border wall. He reopened the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipeline construction projects.
On January 27, an order suspended admission of refugees for 120 days and denied entry to citizens of Iraq, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen for 90 days, citing security concerns about terrorism. Later, the administration seemed to reverse a portion of part of the order, effectively exempting visitors with a green card. Several federal judges issued rulings that curtailed parts of the immigration order, stopping the federal government from deporting visitors already affected.

On January 30, 2017, Trump fired Acting Attorney General Sally Yates because of her criticisms of Trump's immigration suspension. On January 31, 2017, Trump nominated Judge Neil Gorsuch to the United States Supreme Court to replace the late Justice Antonin Scalia.
Allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 election
Trump claimed there was no collusion and no obscruction and on May 9, 2017, Trump fired FBI Director James Comey after he reportedly asked for more information and funding for the investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. The White House stated that this was not true and that Trump fired Comey in order to end the investigation. After The Wall Street Journal reported that Trump's National Security Advisor Michael T. Flynn was under investigation by U.S. counterintelligence agents for his communications with Russian officials, Flynn resigned on February 13, 2017. Two days later on February 15, Trump's Secretary of Labor-nominee Andrew Puzder withdrew his nomination due to not having support from Democrats or Republicans to confirm his nomination.
As of March 2018, Trump is reportedly a "subject" of the Robert Mueller investigation into the Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections, meaning his conduct is being looked at, but not a "target" which would indicate the likelihood of criminal charges.

Military actions
On April 7, 2017, Trump ordered the launch of 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles from the Mediterranean Sea into Syria, aimed at Shayrat Air Base as a reaction to the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack.

Healthcare
On May 4, 2017, the American Health Care Act of 2017 (AHCA) was passed narrowly to replace and repeal Obamacare by the United States House of Representatives with a vote of 217 to 213, sending the bill to the Senate for voting. This is the second time the AHCA was voted in the House as the first version was not approved by the House in March 2017.
Paris Agreement withdrawal
On June 1, 2017, he announced that the United States would withdraw from the Paris Climate agreement, making the United States one of only three nations, including Syria and Nicaragua, to do so. On June 16, 2017, President Trump announced that he was "cancelling" the Obama administrations deals with Cuba, while also expressing that a new deal could be negotiated between the Cuban and United States governments.

First actions to impeach
On July 12, 2017, California Representative Brad Sherman formally introduced an article of impeachment, H. Res. 438, accusing the president of obstructing justice regarding the investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election.
LGBT rights
On July 26, 2017, Trump tweeted that the "United States Government will not accept or allow transgender individuals to serve in any capacity in the U.S. Military. Our military must be focused on decisive and overwhelming victory and cannot be burdened with the tremendous medical costs and disruption that transgender in the military would entail." Trump cited the alleged "disruption" and "tremendous medical costs" of having transgender service members.

Unite the Right rally

Between August 11 and 12, 2017, there was a violent white supremacist rally in Charlottesville, Virginia regarding the removal of Confederate statues. Trump did not speak out against white nationalists explicitly, instead condemning "hatred, bigotry, and violence on many sides" leading people to think he did not take a harsh approach on racism.
North Korea
In late August, Trump dramatically escalated tensions against North Korea, warning that further threats against the U.S. will be met with "fire and fury like the world has never seen." North Korean leader Kim Jong-un then threatened to direct the country's next missile test toward Guam. Trump responded in his war-related service that if North Korea took steps to attack Guam, "things [would] happen to them like they never thought possible."

In March 2018, Trump fired United States Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and replaced him with Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Mike Pompeo. Later that month, the White House confirmed that President Trump would accept a meeting invitation from Kim Jong-un. Press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders said that "in the meantime, all sanctions and maximum pressure must remain."

In May 2018, Trump announced on Twitter that he will meet with North Korean Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un on June 12, 2018 in Singapore for peace talks.
Immigration
In September 2017, Trump controversially oversaw the rescinding of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals or "DACA" which removed protections for children immigrants and removed benefits. The decision was announced by Attorney General Jeff Sessions. Two injunctions in January and February 2018 allowed renewals of applications and stopped the rolling back of DACA, and in April 2018 a federal judge ordered the acceptance of new applications; this would go into effect in 90 days.

Hurricane Maria
On October 3, Trump visited Puerto Rico after it was damaged by Hurricane Maria and the next day visited Las Vegas to visit the victims from the Las Vegas shooting.

Economy
In December 2017, Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which cut the corporate tax rate to 21%, lowered personal tax brackets, increased child tax credit, doubled the estate tax threshold to $11.2 million, and limited the state and local tax deduction to $10,000.
In February 2018, Trump praised the bill for increasing pay for millions, after announcements of bonuses from many companies. These bonuses have been criticized by the bill's opponents as publicity stunts, and economists have said many of them would have happened anyway due to low unemployment.

First impeachment

On December 18, 2019, the House of Representatives voted to have Trump impeached for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress. On February 5, 2020, the Senate found Trump not guilty of all charges.

2020 re-election bid

Trump announced his plans to run for a second term by filing with the FEC within a few hours of assuming the presidency. This transformed his 2016 election committee into a 2020 reelection one. Trump marked the official start of the campaign with a rally in Melbourne, Florida, on February 18, 2017, less than a month after taking office.
By January 2018, Trump's reelection committee had $22 million in hand, and it had raised a total amount exceeding $67 million by December 2018. $23 million was spent in the fourth quarter of 2018, as Trump supported various Republican candidates for the 2018 midterm elections. He made an official re-election campaign launch on June 18, 2019 in Orlando, Florida.

In the 2020 primaries, Trump faced primary challenges from former Massachusetts Governor Bill Weld and former U.S. Representatives Joe Walsh. Former South Carolina Governor and former U.S. Representative Mark Sanford also campaigned against him, but withdrew from the race.

Trump lost re-election and refused to concede.

Defeat and attempts to overturn results
On November 7, Trump was defeated by former Vice President Joe Biden after Trump lost Pennsylvania and Nevada. Trump claimed voter fraud through the mail-in voting and threatened to use the United States Supreme Court to stop the states from counting the vote. He had unsuccessfully sued many states trying to make him the winner in Michigan, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Wisconsin and Georgia.

Many Republican representatives and senators planned to object the United States Congress's formally recognizing Biden's electoral college victory on January 6, 2021. In early January 2021, Trump made a phone call to Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger in an attempt to find "11,780 votes" trying to remove Biden's victory in the state.

U.S. Capitol riots

On January 6, 2021 while the United States Congress were certifying the election results, rioters stormed the United States Capitol in violent protests across Washington, D.C..
After this, Trump got his Instagram, Facebook and Twitter accounts deleted. On January 8, 2021, Trump was banned from Twitter. The events from the Capitol riots led to new efforts to impeach Trump from the presidency.

Second impeachment
His actions towards the Capitol riots, led to the U.S. House to impeach Trump for a second time, making him the only President to be impeached twice.

Court appointments
During his presidency, Trump appointed three justices to the Supreme Court: Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, and Amy Coney Barrett.
After presidency
On August 8, 2022, FBI agents searched Trump's residence, office, and storage areas at Mar-a-Lago to find government documents and material Trump had taken with him when he left office in violation of the Presidential Records Act. The search warrant was approved by U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland. The items taken in the search included 11 sets of classified documents, four of them tagged as "top secret" and one as "top secret/SCI", the highest level of classification.

On December 19, 2022, the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack recommended criminal charges against Trump for obstructing an official proceeding, conspiracy to defraud the United States, and inciting or assisting an insurrection.

On March 30, 2023, the Manhattan district attorney's office confirmed that a New York grand jury had indicted Trump and that they had contacted his attorney "to coordinate his surrender to the Manhattan D.A.'s Office for arraignment". The charges remain under seal.
On June 8, the Justice Department indicted Trump in Miami federal court for 31 counts of "willfully retaining national defense information under the Espionage Act", one count of making false statements, and, jointly with a personal aide, single counts of conspiracy to obstruct justice, withholding government documents, corruptly concealing records, concealing a document in a federal investigation and scheming to conceal their efforts. Trump pleaded not guilty to all charges.

On 1 August 2023, a Washington D.C. federal grand jury indicted Trump on four counts related to his attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election: conspiracy to defraud the United States; conspiracy to obstruct an official proceeding; obstruction of and attempt to obstruct an official proceeding; and conspiracy against rights.

2024 presidential campaign

On November 15, 2022, Trump announced his candidacy for the 2024 United States presidential election and created a fundraising account.
Personal life
Trump has five children by three marriages, and has ten grandchildren. Trump is a Presbyterian. As a child, he began going to church at the First Presbyterian Church in Jamaica, Queens.

Marriages

Trump married his first wife, Czech model Ivana Zelníčková, on April 7, 1977, at the Marble Collegiate Church in Manhattan. They had three children: son Donald Trump Jr. (born December 31, 1977), daughter Ivanka (born October 30, 1981), and son Eric (born January 6, 1984). Ivana became a naturalized United States citizen in 1988. By early 1990, Trump's troubled marriage to Ivana and affair with actress Marla Maples had been reported in the tabloid press. They were divorced in 1992.
Trump married his second wife, actress Marla Maples in 1993. They had one daughter together, Tiffany (born October 13, 1993). The couple were separated in 1997 and later divorced in 1999.
In 1998, Trump began a relationship with Slovene model Melania Knauss, who became his third wife. They were engaged in April 2004 and were married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda-by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, in Palm Beach, Florida. In 2006, Melania became a naturalized United States citizen. On March 20, 2006, she gave birth to their son, whom they named Barron Trump.

Health

A medical report by his doctor, Harold Bornstein MD, showed that Trump's blood pressure, liver and thyroid function were in normal range. Trump says that he has never smoked cigarettes or consumed other drugs, including marijuana. He also does not drink alcohol, a decision after his brother's death caused by alcoholism. His BMI, according to his December 2016 visit on Doctor Oz, is just under 30, which is "high".
In February 2019, a new medical test found Trump to be clinically obese. He was later diagnosed with coronary artery disease.

On October 1, 2020, Trump announced on Twitter that he and his wife tested positive for COVID-19. He was briefly hospitalized at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center.

References

Other websites

 Donald J. Trump for President campaign website
 Bio of Trump at the Trump Organization
 Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
 Profile at Project Vote Smart
1946 births
Living people
 
2016 United States presidential candidates
2020 United States presidential candidates
2024 United States presidential candidates
21st-century American politicians
Actors from Florida
Actors from New York City
American billionaires
American game show hosts
American Presbyterians
Businesspeople from Florida
Businesspeople from New York City
People from Queens
Politicians from Florida
Politicians from New York City
Real estate developers
Television personalities from New York City
Time People of the Year
Trump family
Republican Party (United States) politicians
WWE Hall of Fame
Northeast or north east is the direction halfway between north and east.  It is the opposite of southwest.

Compass directions
Mona Ingeborg Sahlin (born Andersson on March 9, 1957 in Sollefteå, Sweden) is a former leader for the Swedish Social Democratic Party, when she replaced Göran Persson after his ten years as leader, she was the first woman to do so. She was the minister responsible for the handling of the Heart 2 Art Exhibition in Stockholm 2002. Toblerone Scandal or Sahlin Scandal is the name of a Swedish scandal, in which there in October 1995 came to public attention that the Socialist politician Mona Sahlin during her time as Minister for Employment, 1990-1991, on several occasions used its credit cards for private expenses.

Other websites
Social democratic homepage 

1957 births
Living people
Government ministers of Sweden
The Swedish Social Democratic Party () was established on 23 April 1889, and is Sweden's biggest political party of social democracy. The party has been in the lead with a Prime Minister for the longest and most amount of time in Sweden. Stefan Löfven is the current leader for the party. The party lost to the Moderate Party in the 2006 and 2010 elections. However, in 2014 The Swedish Social Democratic Party won with 31% of the votes.

Olof Palme, one of Sweden's most famous politicians, was the party leader from October many years before he was murdered in February 1986.
Years in power 
 Cabinet Branting I, 1920,
 Cabinet Branting II, 1921-1923,
 Cabinet Branting III, 1924-1925,
 Cabinet Sandler, 1925-1926,
 Cabinet Hansson I, 1932-1936,
 Cabinet Hansson II, 1936-1940,
 SamlingsCabinet (Cabinet Hansson III), 1940-1945,
 Cabinet Hansson IV, 1945-1946,
 Cabinet Erlander I, 1946-1951,
 Cabinet Erlander II, 1951-1957 (With Bondeförbundet),
 Cabinet Erlander III, 1957-1969,
 Cabinet Palme I, 1969-1976,
 Cabinet Palme II, 1982-1986,
 Cabinet Carlsson I, 1986-1990,
 Cabinet Carlsson II, 1990-1991,
 Cabinet Carlsson III, 1994-1996,
 Cabinet Persson, 1996-2006,

Election results 

 1911 - 28.5%
 1914 - 30.1%
 1914 - 36.4%
 1917 - 39.2%
 1920 - 36.1%
 1921 - 39.4%
 1924 - 41.1%
 1928 - 37.0%
 1932 - 41.1%
 1936 - 45.9%
 1940 - 53.8%
 1944 - 46.7%
 1948 - 46.1%
 1952 - 46.1%
 1956 - 44.6%
 1958 - 46.2%
1960 - 47.8%
 1964 - 47.3%
 1968 - 50.1%
 1970 - 45.3%
 1973 - 43.8%
 1976 - 42.7%
 1979 - 43.2%
 1982 - 45.6%
 1985 - 44.7%
 1988 - 43.2%
 1991 - 37.7%
 1994 - 45.3%
 1998 - 36.4%
 2002 - 39.9%
 2006 - 35.0%
 2010 - 30.7%

References

Other websites

Socialdemokraterna  

1889 establishments in Europe
Socialist International
Social democratic parties in Europe
Political parties in Sweden
1880s establishments in Sweden
Olof Palme (30 January 1927 – 28 February 1986) was a Swedish politician. He was the leader of the Social Democratic Party from 1969-1986 until his death and Prime Minister of Sweden from 1969 to 1976 and 1982-1986.

He was shot to death in Stockholm after going to the cinema on 28 February 1986. The killer has never been identified, and the gun has never been found. His murder is still a mystery for Swedish police, even though people have been arrested in connection with it.

He was a pacifist and against apartheid, The Vietnam War, and nuclear weapons. He made efforts to improve welfare and economic, social and cultural rights for workers.

References

Other websites 
 Olofpalme.org Official page of the Olof Palme Archives with various documents.
 Selected Speeches by Olof Palme  - Speeches on Africa in English.
 Olof Palme's visit to Cuba - Speech by Fidel Castro on the Swedish-Cuban friendship, 1975.
1927 births
1986 deaths
Anti-communists
Feminists
Government ministers of Sweden
Assassinated Swedish people
Murders by firearm
Politicians from Stockholm
Prime Ministers of Sweden
Socialists
Unsolved murders
Anti-apartheid activists
Helena Paparizou (born 31 January 1982 in Borås, Sweden) is a Swedish-born Greek singer and model who won the Eurovision Song Contest in 2005 for Greece, performing the song My Number One which won the entire contest.

References

Other websites 
 Elena Paparizou website  

1982 births
Greek singers
Living people
Swedish singers
Eurovision Song Contest winners
Electropop singers
Miss World is an international beauty pageant that started in 1951. It is the oldest surviving major international beauty pageant. The contest was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley, and run as part of the Mecca Leisure Group. Since his death in 2000, Morley's wife, Julia Morley, co-chairs the pageant.

With its rivals Miss Universe and Miss Earth, this is one of the most publicised beauty contests in the world.

The winner spends a year travelling to represent the Miss World Organization and its various causes. The current Miss World is Toni-Ann Singh of Jamaica who was crowned on December 14, 2019, in London, England, United Kingdom. She is the fourth Jamaican woman to win Miss World. Traditionally, Miss World lives in London during her reign.

Recent Winners

References 

World
Saint Gregory the Illuminator or Saint Gregory the Enlightener (Armenian: Գրիգոր Լուսաւորիչ translit. Grigor Lusavorich, Greek: Γρηγόριος Φωστήρ or Φωτιστής, Gregorios Phoster or Photistes), the founder and patron saint of the Armenian Apostolic Church, he was born about 257.

He belonged to the royal line of the Arsacid Dynasty, being the son of a Parthian named Anak, who assassinated Chosroes I of Armenia, and thus brought ruin on himself and his family.

Other websites
New Advent - Gregory the Illuminator
Armenian Church Website 

Armenian Apostolic Churches
Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987 in Columbus, Ohio) better known as Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow ) is an American rapper and actor. His career began when he was discovered by rapper Snoop Dogg in the late 1990s. He finally got introduced to producer Jermaine Dupri and was signed to Dupri's label, So So Def Recordings. He released his first album, Beware of Dog, in 2000 (as Lil' Bow Wow). The album was followed by Doggy Bag a year later. 

He won a Billboard Music Award for Single of the Year for his song "Bow Wow (That's My Name)". Moss started alongside Crispin Glover in the sports movie Like Mike, released in 2002.

Personal life 
He has two children: a daughter named Shai (born April 2012) and a son (born September 2020).

Studio albums 
 2000 - Beware of Dog
 2001 - Doggy Bag 
 2003 - Unleashed
 2005 - Wanted
 2006 - Price of Fame
 2009 - New Jack City II

Collaboration albums 
 2007 - Face Off (with Omarion)

Filmography

Film

Television
Film

Television

Awards and nominations 
BET Awards
2001, Viewer's Choice "Bow Wow (That's My Name)" (Won)
2006, Best Collaboration "Like You" (with Ciara) (Nominated)
2007, Viewer's Choice "Shortie Like Mine" (with Chris Brown) (Nominated)

Billboard Music Awards
2001, Rap Single of the Year "Bow Wow (That's My Name)" (Won)

Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Awards
2004, Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles – Sales "Let's Get Down" (with Baby) (Nominated)
2006, Hot Rap Track "Like You" (with Ciara) (Nominated)

Black Reel Awards
2003, Best Breakthrough Performance – Viewer's Choice: Like Mike (Nominated)

MTV Video Music Awards Japan
2006, Best Collaboration "Let Me Hold You" (with Omarion) (Nominated)

NAACP Image Awards
2008, Outstanding Duo or Group (with Omarion) (Nominated)

Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards
2001, Favorite Male Singer (Won)
2006, Favorite Male Singer (Nominated)
2008, Favorite Male Singer (Nominated)

Soul Train Music Awards
2001, Best R&B/Soul or Rap New Artist "Bounce with Me" (with Xscape) (Nominated)
Teen Choice Awards
2007, Choice Music: Male Artist (Nominated)
2008, Choice Music: R&B Track "Hey Baby (Jump Off)" (with Omarion) (Nominated)
2009, Choice Music: Rap Artist (Nominated)

Vibe Awards
2005, Coolest Collabo "Like You" (with Ciara) (Nominated)

Young Artist Awards
2003, Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actor: Like Mike (Nominated)

References

1987 births
Living people
African-American rappers
Singers from Ohio
Rappers from Ohio
American movie actors
Actors from Columbus, Ohio
Musicians from Columbus, Ohio
Singers from Columbus, Ohio
John Milton Cage, Jr. usually known as just John Cage, (September 5, 1912 - August 12, 1992) was an American composer, writer, philosopher, and visual artist. He was one of the first composers (or musicians) to introduce different styles of music to popular culture. He made mostly avant-garde music and electronic music, and was very well known for making the piece 4'33", which challenged what music is. He also wrote music for pianos that had been "prepared" by having screws and nails placed in them. He was gay. His life partner from 1943 until his death was choreographer Merce Cunningham (1919-2009). Cage died of a stroke in New York City.
4'33" 
This piece is in 3 movements (sections), and is special in that all of the movements are silent, the score having the Latin word for silence three times (tacit, tacit, tacit). Some people think that it is just a joke because of this, as there is nothing to listen to. It was written in 1952, and is 4 minutes and thirty three seconds long. Cage got the idea from being in a soundless chamber, but realising that even here there was no true silence because he could hear his heart beating.

References

Other websites 
 John Cage's former record label
 John Cage's "Water Walk" video

1912 births
1992 deaths
20th-century American composers
LGBT artists
LGBT composers
LGBT people from Los Angeles
American LGBT writers
Musical entertainers from Los Angeles
Writers from Los Angeles
4′33″ is a musical composition written by avant-garde (non-traditional) musician John Cage. It is his most famous work. It consists of no notes, only 4 minutes and thirty-three seconds of silence. The piece challenges the definition of music. The only thing the sheet music says is "tacet", or "it is silent". It was first played by David Tudor in Woodstock, New York.

Other websites 
 John Cage's 4'33"
 Classical Notes

Compositions
The F/A-18 Hornet (CF-18, F-18) is a fighter jet that is made by Boeing, and was originally manufactured by the McDonnell-Douglas Company. It first flew in 1978 and was introduced in 1983.  Its main user is the United States Navy. It can take off from aircraft carriers because of its special design. The F/A-18 can attack land and air targets. Any aircraft which can do this is called "multi-role". The Hornet is also flown by the Blue Angels.

Users 
The F/A-18 is used by many countries, including the United States Navy

United States 
The United States navy is the biggest user of the hornet. The hornet is currently only used by the United States Marine Corps, but until 2019 the U.S. Navy also had them.

The USMC currently has 143 F/A-18 hornets.

Blue Angels 
The Blue Angels are the aerobatic team of the USMC. They use the F/A-18. Before the F/A-18 existed, they used the A-4 Skyhawk.
Australia 
The Royal Australian Air force (RAAF) bought 57 F/A-18A and 18 F/A-18B (the b was used for training) in 1981 to replace the old Mirage III. The difference between the RAAF hornet and the US hornet is that the RAAF removed the carrier Capabilities, because Australia doesn't have any aircraft carriers big enough to fit the plane.

Armament 
The hornet can carry a lot of bombs, missiles, rockets and guns. It can also carry pods, pods give the aircraft more options, the Litening targeting pod,for example, lets the pilot see the ground and guide bombs to the target.

Bombs 
B81 and B83 nuclear bombs

Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM)

Paveway laser guided bombs (the bombs are guided by the targeting pod)

Mk80 bombs general purpose

CBU100 cluster bomb

Rockets 
2.75 in (70 mm) Hydra 70 rockets

5 in (127.0 mm) Zuni rockets

Missiles

Air to Air 
Aim-120 AMRAAM

Aim-9 Sidewinder

Aim-132 ASRAAM

Iris-T

Aim-7 Sparrow

Air to Ground 
AGM-65 Maverick

AGM-88 HARM

AGM-164 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW)
Taurus Cruise Missile

Anti Ship 
AGM-84 Harpoon

Related pages
F-14 Tomcat
F-16 Fighting Falcon

Simulacrum of Multirole fighter
MiG-35 - Simulacrum of the F/A-18 Hornet
  - on TASS Official Infographic

United States Navy aircraft
United States Marine Corps aircraft
Australian military aircraft
Spain
The F-15 Eagle is a fighter jet that originally made by McDonnell-Douglas (later Boeing). It is known around the world for its toughness and undefeated record, meaning that it has never been shot down by an enemy plane. It is used primarily by the United States Air Force, but it is also used in Israel, Japan, Saudi Arabia and South Korea. It usually carries missiles and an M61 Vulcan gun to shoot down enemy fighter jet planes. More than a thousand have been made.

Redesign 
In 1981, the F-15 was redesigned to include the ability to carry bombs, allowing the F-15 to do the job of attack aircraft. This means it can also destroy things on the ground. This new variant of the aircraft was called the  McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle.

Related pages

F-14 Tomcat
F-16 Fighting Falcon
F-4 Phantom II

United States Air Force aircraft
Military of Japan
Israel Defense Forces
Military of Saudi Arabia
The dicotyledons, also known as dicots, are one of the two groups of flowering plants (angiosperms). The name refers to their seeds having two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. There are around 200,000 species in this group. 

The other group of flowering plants were called monocotyledons or monocots, with one cotyledon. Historically, these two groups formed the two divisions of the flowering plants.

Sequence analysis showed what botanists already suspected: dicotyledons are not a monophyletic group. They are a number of lines, such as the magnoliids, and groups now known as basal angiosperms. They diverged earlier than the monocots did. The traditional dicots are a paraphyletic group. 

The largest clade of the dicotyledons are known as the eudicots. They are definitely monophyletic. They differ from all other flowering plants in the structure of their pollen. Other dicotyledons and monocotyledons have an older type of pollen, whereas eudicots have derived pollen.
Compared to monocotyledons 
Apart from cotyledon number, there are other differences between monocots and dicots. These are differences mainly between monocots and eudicots. Many early-diverging dicot groups have "monocot" characteristics such as scattered vascular bundles, trimerous flowers, and old-type pollen. Also, some monocots have dicot characteristics such as reticulated leaf veins.

Related pages 
Magnoliopsida
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

References 

Flowering plants
Sir James Clark Ross (April 15, 1800 – April 3, 1862), was a English naval officer and explorer. He explored the Arctic with his uncle Sir John Ross and Sir William Parry. He later led his own journey to Antarctica. He was born on April 15, 1800 in London, England and died on April 3, 1862 in Aylesbury, England.

1800 births
1862 deaths
English explorers
British military people
British naturalists
English botanists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Knights Bachelor
Legion of Honour
People from London
Royal Navy officers
Royal Society
Scientists from London
Hrant Dink (, IPA: [həɹɑnt diːnk]) (15 September 1954 – 19 January 2007) was a Turkish-Armenian editor, journalist and columnist.

History 
As editor-in-chief of the bilingual Turkish-Armenian newspaper Agos (Ակօս), Dink was a prominent member of the Armenian minority in Turkey.

Death 
Hrant Dink was assassinated in Istanbul on 19 January 2007, by Ogün Samast, a 17 year old ultra-nationalist Turk.

Related pages
Minorities in Turkey

References

Other websites
Hrank Dink Foundation

Armenian writers
Turkish journalists
Murder victims
1954 births
2007 deaths
Agos (, "Furrow") established 5 April, 1996 is an Armenian weekly newspaper published in Turkey. It is published in Istanbul and has a circulation of around 5,000. It has both Armenian and Turkish pages as well as an on-line English edition. Hrant Dink was its chief editor from the newspaper's start until his assassination outside of the newspaper's offices in Istanbul in January 2007. 

Hrant Dink's son Arat Dink who worked as the executive editor of the weekly was named as a co-defendant in the dispute brought against Hrant Dink for insulting Turkishness. After Hrant Dink's murder, the editor-in-chief of the weekly became Etyen Mahçupyan and Arat Dink continued to work as the executive editor. The present editor-in-chief is Rober Koptaş.

Other websites 
 Agos official web site, Istanbul

Newspapers published in Turkey
Istanbul
History
The first mention of a football team in St Kilda was made in 1859. The current club was started in 1873. It was based on the South Yarra Football Club which had closed the year before. The club colours were formed when the red and white of the South Yarra Football Club merged with the black and white of the new St. Kilda Football Club. The first guernsey worn by the club was red and black striped horizontally, with a white neckerchief. The club joined the new Victorian Football League in 1897, and lost its first 48 games. Their home ground was the Junction Oval, in the Melbourne suburb of St. Kilda. In 1964, the team moved from St Kilda to Moorabbin, where they now train.
The team won their first and only premiership in 1966, beating Collingwood. In recent years they have been more competitive, playing in the 1997 Grand Final, losing to Adelaide.  Between 2004 and 2011, St. Kilda established a period of dominance, playing in all but the 2007 finals series, and playing in the Preliminary Finals in 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009 and 2010. In 2009, St. Kilda went the first 19 games of the season without being beaten, only to lose to Geelong in the Grand Final by 12 points. In 2010 they played in the Grand Final and drew with Collingwood. A moment etched in the memories of St. Kilda supporters was the moment Stephen Milne opted to let the ball bounce through for a behind in the dying minutes, when he had the opportunity to secure St. Kilda's second premiership with a goal. They were defeated in a replay the next week. They have also placed last on the ladder 26 times since their establishment, the most of any team.
St. Kilda has featured a number of star players, with 10 Brownlow Medalists, including Ian Stewart and Robert Harvey, who won the award twice. In 1987, Tony Lockett won the Brownlow Medal as well as the Coleman Medal kicking 117 goals.

Medalists
St Kilda Brownlow Medalists:

 Colin Watson, 1925
 Brian Gleeson, 1957
 Neil Roberts, 1958
 Verdun Howell, 1959 
 Ian Stewart, 1965, 1966
 Ross Smith, 1967 
 Tony Lockett, 1987
 Robert Harvey, 1997, 1998

St Kilda Coleman Medalists:

 Charlie Baker, 1925 (30 goals)
 Bill Mohr, 1936 (101 goals)
 Bill Young, 1956 (56 goals)
 Tony Lockett, 1987 (117 goals), 1991 (118 goals)
 Fraser Gehrig, 2004 (90 goals), 2005 (74 goals)

Club song
Oh when the Saints, go marching in,
Oh when the Saints go marching in,
Oh how I want to be with St Kilda.
When the Saints go marching in.
 
Oh when the Saints, go marching in,
Oh when the Saints go marching in,
Oh how I want to be with St Kilda.
When the Saints go marching in.

References

Other websites
 St Kilda Football Club website
Ingvar Carlsson (born 9 November 1934 in Borås, Västra Götaland County (then Älvsborg County), Sweden), is a Swedish politician, former Prime Minister of Sweden (March 1986–October 1991; October 1994–March 1996) and leader of the Social Democratic Party (March 1986–March 1996). He became Prime Minister in 1986 when Olof Palme was assassinated.

References

References 
Ingvar Carlsson 

1934 births
Living people
Swedish economists
Prime Ministers of Sweden
Lund University alumni
Shilpa Shetty (Tulu: ಶಿಲ್ಪ ಶೆಟ್ಟಿ) (born 8 June 1975) in Mangalore is a four-time Filmfare Award-nominated Indian movie actress and model. Since making her debut in the movie Baazigar (1993), she has appeared in nearly 50 more movies and made her first lead role in 1994's Aag. She currently resides at the centre of the Hindi-language movie industry in Mumbai, India. Her younger sister Shamita Shetty is also a Bollywood movie actress. 

Shilpa was announced as the winner of Celebrity Big Brother UK on 28 January 2007 with 63% of the final votes, after an international reported racism controversy involving her and fellow contestants Jade Goody, Jo O'Meara and Danielle Lloyd. She is also a yoga practitioner, particularly interested in the Ashtanga vinyasa form of yoga and power yoga.

References 

1975 births
Living people
Big Brother winners
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
Indian models
Indian movie actors
In any two-party system of politics, a third party is a party other than the two main ones. While the term should be used only when discussing the third largest party, it is often used to describe any smaller party. For example, in the United Kingdom a third party is a national political party other than the Conservative Party and Labour Party that has a presence in the House of Commons. In the United States, a third party is a political party other than the Democratic Party or Republican Party that has national influence.

The term "third parties" is used in countries with first past the post electoral systems as these systems tend to create a two-party system because successful smaller parties are rare.
Countries using proportional representation have less of a tendency to create a two-party system because successful smaller parties are common. In fact, coalitions between the smaller parties are normal in such a country. A party generally needs to have a certain level of success to be called a third party.  Smaller parties that only win a small percentage of the vote and no seats in the legislature are often called minor parties or fringe parties.

Third parties are not usually likely to win the presidency. Despite this, there are many reasons for third parties to run. In an election, the two main parties listen to the opinions of third parties. The larger parties must respond to these opinions, and sometimes the larger parties copy ideas from third parties.  Some third parties also hope that the party can slowly build its support and eventually become one of the dominant parties, as the Labour Party did in Britain.

Notable examples

United Kingdom
United Kingdom 

 Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
 Democratic Unionist Party
 Green Party of England and Wales
 Liberal Democrats
 Plaid Cymru
 Scottish National Party
 Sinn Féin
 Social Democratic and Labour Party

United States 

 Alliance Party
 American Independent Party
 Communist Party USA
 Green Party of the United States
 Libertarian Party
 Party for Socialism and Liberation
 People's Party

Related pages
Independent politician

References
 McGaughey, William (2003). The Independence Party and the Future of Third-Party Politics. Minneapolis: Thistlerose Publications. .  Personal odyssey of unsuccessful candidate for U.S. Senate in Minnesota's 2000 Independence Party primary.

Political parties
Paula DeAnda (born 1989 in Corpus Christi, Texas) is an American singer. She is best known for her 2007 hit songs "Doing Too Much", "Walk Away (Remember Me)" and "Easy". DeAnda is of Mexican descent.

Easy
"Easy" is a song by DeAnda. It also has a remix with Bow Wow. This version is used in the PC video game, Bratz Babyz.

Singers from Texas
People from Corpus Christi, Texas
1989 births
Living people
Republican could mean:
 The form of government known as a republic
 Groups wanting to abolish a monarchy, for example, the Australian Republican Movement and the British republican movement (see Republicanism)
 A political party such as:
 Republican Party (United States) sometimes referred to as the GOP (Grand Old Party)
 Republican Party (France)
 Republican Party (Liberia)
 Republican Party (Malawi) part of the Mgwirizano Coalition
 The Republicans (Germany)
 Republican Party of São Paulo
 Fianna Fáil in Ireland–also called the Republican Party
 Vanuatu Republican Party
 Supporters of Irish Republicanism
 Institutions or supporters of particular historical republics, including:
 the ancient Roman Republic
 the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War
 various French Republics, most notably the French First Republic established during the French Revolution
 The Republican River of Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas, USA.
Third party is often used in the English language to refer to a person or group that has some connection to a relationship between two parties. Here, a "party" is a person or group of people who act together. If two parties share a close relationship, a third party is farther away or more different from them. It could more directly mean:

 Third party (politics), in any two-party system of politics, a third party is a party other than the two dominant ones
 Third-party developer, a hardware or software developer not directly tied to the primary product that a consumer is using
 Third party (civil litigation), a party brought into a civil legal proceeding by a defendant or by another third party
 Third party beneficiary, a person who may have the right to sue on a contract, despite not having originally been a party to the contract; see also, Privity of contract
 Third party insurance
Fribourg is one of the twenty-six cantons of Switzerland.  About 250,000 people live in the canton. Of these, about 100,000 live in the urban area of the capital of this canton: Fribourg City.

Geography 
The canton of Fribourg is found in the west of Switzerland. The river Saane (Sarine) flows from the south to the north of the canton. It borders the cantons of Vaud, Bern and Neuchâtel.

Municipalities 
There are 168 municipalities in the canton of Fribourg:

Other websites 
 Official Site
Fribourg can mean one of two areas in Switzerland

Fribourg (canton), one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland
Fribourg (city), capital city of the canton
A compass rose is a drawing on a map that shows the cardinal directions.

In other media
 Ursula K. Le Guin, The Compass Rose, collection of short stories, 1982 ISBN 0-06-014988-4
 "La Rosa de los Vientos", Spanish film written and directed by Patricio Guzmán, 1983

References

Navigation
Cartography
Cardinal directions or cardinal points are the four main directions or points of the compass: north, east, south and west. These direction are also written in short form as N, E, S and W.

North and south are directed towards the north and south poles of the Earth. The Earth's rotation defines east and west. The sun rises in the morning in the east, and sets in the afternoon in the west.

If a needle is magnetised and allowed to move freely (for example floated on water) it will align itself with the Earth's magnetic field which is almost in the same direction as north. The direction of the needle in this situation is called magnetic north which in some places differs from the direction of the North Pole by a few degrees.

Cardinal directions in world cultures 

Through history, different cultures have given different values to each direction. For example, in old Asian culture, each direction is given a color, as follows:

 East: Green or Blue
 South: Red
 West: White
 North: Black
Related pages
 Latitude 
 Longitude
 Compass

Compass directions
This disambiguation page describes parties whose names are the "Social Democratic Party" or something similar. For a list of parties considered to follow the principles of social democracy, see List of social democratic parties.

The name Social Democratic Party has been used by many parties in various countries around the world.

Note: Country names and dates in parentheses are not part of official party names.
A knight is a chess piece. It is represented by a horse's head and neck. Each player starts the game with two knights. It moves in an L pattern, two squares in one direction then one square in another. It is the only piece in chess that can jump over other pieces. It is also the only piece that can be in position to attack a king, queen, bishop, or rook without also being attacked by that piece. 

'Knight' is shortened to Kt or N when recording games. In printed game scores, it is represented by a figurine.

Knight
The queen is a chess piece that stands next to the king at the start of a game.The queen starts on the d1 square for white and the d8 square for black. It can move any number of unoccupied squares diagonally, vertically, or horizontally. When recording games, it is shortened to Q.

The queen's movement 
The queen moves like both the bishop and rook. Both players start with one queen. A player may promote a pawn to a queen when the pawn reaches the end of the board.

History of the queen in chess 
The IndoArabic game lasted for nearly a thousand years, until the end of the 15th century. In it, the piece next to the Shah was the Firzān or Visier, who was a counsellor. This piece had a movement even more limited than the king.  It moved just one square at a time, on the diagonal. Not surprising, then, that when the move changed into its modern form, the Italians called the new game schacci alla rabioso (~furious chess).

References

Related pages

Chess pieces
Dennis the Menace is the name of two different comic strips, which both debuted in 1951. One is a British comic strip, that is featured in the UK comic magazine, The Beano. The other is a daily newspaper comic strip from the United States. This daily strip was a single panel, but the Sunday strip was longer. The single panels were sometimes collected into small paperbacks. Dennis also had a comic book.

In Britain, Dennis is usually drawn as wearing a red and black striped jumper, and spikey black hair. He is normally with his black dog called Gnasher.
In the United States, Dennis the Menace (Dennis Mitchell)  wore a red and white striped tee-shirt and bib overalls. He had blond hair and a large cowlick. His dog was a sheepdog called Ruff. Dennis'  parents are Henry and Alice. His neighbors are George and Martha Wilson. Dennis wants to be helpful but his attempts often end in disaster. Dennis' friends are Tommy Anderson, Joey McDonald, and Margaret Wade. In 1959, the comic strip was developed into a CBS television sitcom called Dennis the Menace. It stars Jay North as Dennis and Joseph Kearns as George Wilson. The series aired for four years and has been released to DVD.

Comic strips
Year 5 BC was a common year starting on Monday or Tuesday of the Julian calendar.  At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Sulla.

Births 

 Emperor Guangwu of Han, ruler of China (d. AD 57)
 Lucius Vitellius the Elder, Roman consul and Governor of Syria (d. AD 51)
 John the Baptist (possible date)
 Jesus (possible date)
Altuğ Taner Akçam or Tanner Aktscham is a German sociologist and author.

Taner Akçam was born in Ardahan, Turkey in 1953. He graduated from the department of administrative sciences of . After 1973, he joined left-wing political groups such as ODTÜ-DER and ADYÖD. In 1975, he was tried for spreading communist and Kurdish nationalist propaganda. He was arrested in 1976 and convicted with 9 years prison sentence. On 12 May 1977, he escaped from the prison and moved to Germany. He lived in Germany between 1978 and 1995. He received his PhD in 1995 at . After he became a professor, Akçam worked in  and  in United States.

Akçam is known for his research on the Armenian—Turkish history of 1915. His work is funded by the , a think-tank that serves Armenian Revolutionary Federation. Taner Akçam uses old Turkish documents in his books but critics state that he cannot read Ottoman Turkish.

Research