Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
2003 - Benton Harbor, Mich. Riot, June 2003, (Benton Harbor, Michigan, USA)
 2003 - Maldives civil unrest, September 2003, (Malé, Maldives)
 2004 - 2004 Kosovo riots
 2004 - Palm Island riot, (Palm Island, Queensland, Australia) 
 2004 - Redfern riots, (Sydney, Australia)
 2004- Red Sox Riots, Boston, MA
 2004 - 2004 Urso Branco prison riot, (Rondonia, Brazil)
 2005 - Belize unrest, January 2005, (Belmopan, Belize)
 2005 - Macquarie Fields riots, February 2005, southwestern suburb of Sydney, Australia
 2005 - Cedar Revolution, February 2005, Lebanon
 2005 - Anti-Japanese riots, April 2005, Beijing, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, China
 2005 - Chinese worker riot,  July 2005, (Xizhou, China)
 2005 - Maldives civil unrest, August 2005, (Malé, Maldives)
 2005 - 2005 Toledo Riot, October 2005, (Toledo, Ohio, USA)
 2005 - 2005 Birmingham riots, October 2005, (Birmingham, England)
2005 - 2005 French urban violence, October-November 2005, outer banlieues of major French cities, and copy-cat disturbances in some other Western European countries, like Belgium and Germany
 2005 - Anti-Muslim Riots of Mau , October 2005, (Mau, UttarPradesh),India
 2005 - Mar del Plata Summit of the Americas, November 2005, (Mar del Plata, Argentina)
 2005 - 2005 Cronulla riots, December 2005, (Sydney, Australia)
 2006 - Cartoon riots
 2006 - 2006 Dublin riots, Feb. 25, Dublin, Ireland
 2006 - San Bernardino punk riot, March 4, San Bernardino, California
 2006 - 2006 labor protests in France, March-April, Paris, France
 2006 - Burj Khalifa riot, (Dubai, UAE)
 2006 - Hindu/Muslim Aligarh Riots, April 2006, (Aligarh,India)
 2006 - Rajkumar death riots, April, (India)
 2006 - April 2006 Venezuela prison riot, April, (Venezuela)
 2006 - San Salvador Atenco Vendor Permit Riots (San Salvador Atenco, Mexico)
 2006 - 2006 labor protests in France, May-June 2006, Paris, France
2006 - Shengda Economics, Trade and Management College diploma riot  
 2006 - 2006 Windsor ethnic violence
 2006 - 2006 protests in Hungary
 2006 - 2006 Brussels riots
2010s
 2010 - Drake Seaport Riots
 2011 - 2011 Egyptian revolution
 2011 - 2011 Libyan protests
 2011 - Vancouver Stanley Cup riot
 2011 - 2011 England riots

2020s

 2021 - 2021 United States Capitol attack

!
History-related lists
Serbian is a South Slavic language spoken by Serbs, primarily in Serbia, Kosovo, Montenegro and some parts of neighboring countries. It is also spoken by many Serbs in diaspora, mainly in Central European countries, North America and Australia. The language is European and south Slavic. This language got a complete makeover in the mid-1800s by Serbian linguist Vuk Karadžić; when it was modernized from the times of Middle Ages, when "Old Serbian" was still spoken. Total number of speakers worldwide today is estimated to be more than 12 million.

References
Namaste or Namaskar is a neutral greeting used a lot in many East Asian countries. It is used when Hello and Hi are used in English, though it has a very different meaning.

Namaste is kind of like a praise to the person receiving the namaste.

The word's meaning is “I bow to the divine in you.” Namaste is a traditional Indian greeting of respect and thank you, with spiritual and symbolic meaning, This is more traditional to do it to your elders.

Hinduism
A vessel element (trachea) is one of the cell types found in xylem, the water conducting tissue of plants. 

Vessel elements are found in flowering plants (angiosperms) but not in most gymnosperms such as conifers. Vessel elements are the main feature distinguishing the "hardwood" of angiosperms from the "softwood" of conifers.

Structure 
Xylem vessels are a long straight chain made of tough long dead cells known as vessel elements. The vessel have no cytoplasm. They are not living, but are made by living cells. The cells are arranged end to end and the cell walls have disappeared. This makes a tube. 

Vessels are made of a substance called lignin. They have a lignified cell wall and a central cavity. Vessel members are interconnected through perforations in their common walls. Lignin is a hard organic polymer. It makes the cell walls rigid and is very long-lasting. It is the lignin in xylem vessels which holds trees up.
Function 
Water flows up the xylem vessels. The evaporation of water from the stomata cells in the leaves pulls up the water in a transpiration stream. This is called capillary action, because it depends on the way water molecules stick to the walls of the xylem (adhesion). 

There is also some root pressure, because water enters the roots by osmosis. This is important so water gets upwards during the night when transpiration is low.

As the water goes up, it carries some minerals with it, so actually the xylem brings some basic nutrients to the plant. The phloem mostly distributes the more complex organic molecules.

References 

Vascular tissue
Confluence means the meeting of two or more waterways.  

It usually means the point where a smaller river joins a more major river.

Example 
The German city name Koblenz indicates that the city lies at the point at the confluence of the Rhine and the Moselle.
Rivers

lt:Žiotys
ja:流路形状#合流
A neural network (also called an ANN or an artificial neural network) is a sort of computer software, inspired by biological neurons. Biological brains are capable of solving difficult problems, but each neuron is only responsible for solving a very small part of the problem. Similarly, a neural network is made up of cells that work together to produce a desired result, although each individual cell is only responsible for solving a small part of the problem. This is one method for creating artificially intelligent programs.

Neural networks are an example of machine learning, where a program can change as it learns to solve a problem. A neural network can be trained and improved with each example, but the larger the neural network, the more examples it needs to perform well—often needing millions or billions of examples in the case of deep learning.

Overview
Overview 

A neural network models a network of neurons, like those in the human brain.
Each neuron does simple mathematical operations: it receives data from other neurons, modifies it and sends it to other neurons.
Neurons are placed in "layers": a neuron from a layer receives data from the neurons of other layers, modifies it and sends data to the neurons of other layers.
A neural network is made up of one or more layers.

The first layer is called the "input layer", it receives data from the outside world (for example: an image or text).
The last layer is called the "output layer". The data from the neurons in the output layer is read and used as the output of the network.
The other layers are called the "hidden layers".
In a simple "feed-forward" network, the data handled by the neurons are numbers.
Each neuron does a weighted sum of the value of the neurons of the previous layer ( in the equation below).
It then adds to it a constant value (called the "bias").
Finally, it applies a mathematical function to this value, called the "activation function".
The activation function is usually a function that returns a value between 0 and 1, like tanh.
The result of the activation function ( in the equation below) is then sent to the neurons of the next layer.

A loss function is defined for the network. The loss function tries to estimate how well the neural network is doing at its assigned task. Finally, an optimization technique is applied to minimize the output of the cost function by changing the weights and biases of the network. This process is called training. Training is done one small step at a time. After thousands of steps, the network is typically able to do its assigned task pretty well.
Example 
Consider a program that checks whether a person is alive. It checks two things - the pulse, and breath. If a person has either a pulse or is breathing, the program will output 'alive', otherwise, it will output 'dead'. In a program that does not learn over time, this would be written as:function isAlive(pulse, breathing) {
    if(pulse || breathing) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}A very simple neural network, made of just one neuron that solves the same problem will look like this:
If we add values such as (1,1) together, we might end up with numbers greater than 1, but we want our output to be between 0 and 1! To solve this, we can apply a function which limits our actual output to 0 or 1, even if the result of the neuron's math was not within the range. In more complicated neural networks, we apply a function (such as sigmoid) to the neuron, so that its value will be between 0 or 1 (such as 0.66), and then we pass on this value to the next neuron all the way until we need our output.

Learning methods
There are three ways a neural network can learn: supervised learning, unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. These methods all work by either minimizing or maximizing a cost function, but each one is better at certain tasks.

Recently, a research team from the University of Hertfordshire, UK used reinforcement learning to make an iCub humanoid robot learn to say simple words by babbling.

References 

Artificial intelligence
The Werra is a river in the central part of Germany. The Werra has its source near Fehrenbach in Thuringia. After 293 km, the Werra joins the Fulda River in Hann. Münden, making the Weser. The Werra valley ("Werratal") makes a natural border between the Rhön hills and the Thuringian Forest. 

Geography of Hesse
Geography of Lower Saxony
Geography of Thuringia
Rivers of Germany
In medicine, the word blackout is a form of amnesia. The amnesia may be complete or partial. Such an amnesia can be provoked by: 
 Stress (biology) for example, before an examination.
 Alcohol: People suffering from such a conditions may also lose consciousness for a certain time.
 Interrupting the supply of oxygen or blood to the brain
 Injuries to the brain
 Various illnesses

After the cause is gone full mental powers are usually restored, although there may be a blank in memory.

Health problems
Muspelheim (also called Muspel) is the realm of fire, in Norse mythology. The fire giants live there. Their king is Surtr.

According to the Ragnarok prophecies, the Sons of Muspel will break the Bifrost bridge, signaling that time is ending:

Places in Norse mythology
A Jotun or Jötun in Norse mythology, is a giant.  Groups of them are called Jötnar.  Many are very large and strong; some are not.  Sometimes however, gods and Jötnar would marry. The Frost giant's stronghold is called Utgardr and it is in Jötunheimr, the name for their realm. This is one of the nine Norse realms. Jötunheim is separated from Midgard, or Earth, by high mountains, and large forests. Outside their home world, giants seem to prefer to live in caves. 

Norse mythology
Winners
1954: Christopher Chataway (long-distance runner) 
1955: Gordon Pirie (middle-distance runner) 
1956: Jim Laker (cricketer) 
1957: Dai Rees (golfer) 
1958: Ian Black (swimmer) 
1959: John Surtees (motorcycle racer) and (Formula One racing driver) 
1960: David Broome (show jumper) 
1961: Stirling Moss (Formula One racing driver) 
1962: Anita Lonsborough (swimmer) 
1963: Dorothy Hyman (sprinter) 
1964: Mary Rand (long jumper) 
1965: Tom Simpson (cyclist) 
1966: Bobby Moore (footballer) 
1967: Henry Cooper (boxer) 
1968: David Hemery (athlete) 
1969: Ann Jones (tennis player) 
1970: Henry Cooper (boxer) 
1971: HRH The Princess Anne (three-day eventer) 
1972: Mary Peters (pentathlete) 
1973: Jackie Stewart (Formula One racing driver) 
1974: Brendan Foster (long-distance runner) 
1975: David Steele (cricketer) 
1976: John Curry (figure skater) 
1977: Virginia Wade (tennis player) 
1978: Steve Ovett (middle-distance runner) 
1979: Sebastian Coe (middle-distance runner)
1980: Robin Cousins (figure skater) 
1981: Ian Botham (cricketer) 
1982: Daley Thompson (decathlete) 
1983: Steve Cram (middle-distance runner) 
1984: Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean (ice dancers) 
1985: Barry McGuigan (boxer) 
1986: Nigel Mansell (Formula One racing driver) 
1987: Fatima Whitbread (javelin thrower) 
1988: Steve Davis (snooker player) 
1989: Nick Faldo (golfer) 
1990: Paul Gascoigne (footballer) 
1991: Liz McColgan (long-distance runner) 
1992: Nigel Mansell (Formula One racing driver) 
1993: Linford Christie (100m sprinter) 
1994: Damon Hill (Formula One racing driver) 
1995: Jonathan Edwards (triple jumper) 
1996: Damon Hill (Formula One racing driver) 
1997: Greg Rusedski (tennis player) 
1998: Michael Owen (footballer) 
1999: Lennox Lewis (boxer) 
2000: Steve Redgrave (rower) 
2001: David Beckham (footballer) 
2002: Paula Radcliffe (long-distance runner) 
2003: Jonny Wilkinson (rugby union player) 
2004: Kelly Holmes (middle-distance runner) 
2005: Andrew Flintoff (cricketer)
2006: Zara Phillips (three-day eventer)
2007: Joe Calzaghe (boxer)
2008: Chris Hoy (cyclist)
2009: Ryan Giggs (footballer)
2010: Tony McCoy (horse racing jockey) 
2011: Mark Cavendish (cyclist)
2012: Bradley Wiggins (cyclist)
2013: Andy Murray (tennis player)
2014: Lewis Hamilton (Formula One racing driver)
2015: Andy Murray (tennis player)
2016: Andy Murray (tennis player)
2017: Mo Farah (long-distance runner)
2018: Geraint Thomas (cyclist)
2019: Ben Stokes (cricketer)
2020: Lewis Hamilton (Formula One racing driver)
2021: Emma Raducanu (tennis player)
2022: Beth Mead (footballer)
BBC
Sports trophies and awards
The original Labyrinth was an elaborate structure designed and built by the legendary Daedalus for King Minos of Crete at Knossos. 

Its function was to hold the Minotaur, which was eventually killed by the hero Theseus. Daedalus had so cleverly made the Labyrinth that he could barely escape it after he built it.

Pliny's Natural History mentions four ancient labyrinths: the Cretan labyrinth, an Egyptian labyrinth, a Lemnian labyrinth, and an Italian labyrinth.

Greek mythology
Buildings and structures
Amnesia is what doctors call a loss or disturbance of memory. It is a loss of memory, that is to say, a person cannot remember certain things. Amnesia can be caused when someone has brain damage, a disease or when something really stressful happens.

There are two "main types":
Anterograde amnesia: Short term memory is not transferred to long-term memory any more. People with this type of amnesia cannot remember things for long periods of time.
Retrograde amnesia: The person can no longer recall information that happened before a certain date. The date is usually the date of an accident or an operation. 

The fact that adults usually cannot remember events that occurred in early childhood is called "infantile amnesia". It is attributed to the development of the brain or that of the child. It is not seen as a form of amnesia comparable to the other types.

Causes
There are three main categories in which amnesia can happen to a person.
Head trauma. This includes any kind of injury to the brain that might cause amnesia. 
Traumatic events. This happens when a person's mind is so stressed that it chooses to forget what happened rather than to deal with it.
Physical deficiencies. These are things that happen to your brain but it is different than head trauma because it mostly deals with complications that happen after surgery.
Some other different types of amnesia include:
Caused by an [Injury|trauma], for example a head injury; called post-traumatic amnesia.
Dissociative amnesia: Here the cause is psychological, and usually not related to physical damage in the brain. This includes
Repressed memory (where it is not possible to remember a specific event) - The memory is usually still there, but the person blocks access to it; Stressful events such as being raped may lead to Dissociative amnesia
 Childhood amnesia - the inability of adults to remember certain parts of their childhood.
Drug (usually [alcohol])-induced blackout - anterograde amnesia, affecting the immediate past
Amnesia can be permanent, or it can be temporary. Damage to the [brain], or the use of certain [drug]s can cause amnesia. Some of these drugs are [sedative]s. Another well known cause for amnesia can be drinking too much [alcohol]. Those kinds of causes are called organic, because they can been directly seen. Other causes cannot directly be seen, they are called functional.  Rather they are [psychology|psychological] in their nature. People may want to shield off a traumatic event they witnessed, for example.

Another minor cause of amnesia is "heartbreak" in a relationship. It can lead to trauma, but it is not necessarily traumatic.

Treatment
Sometimes certain types of amnesia fix themselves without being treated. There are also different types of therapy that work with the brain to help with amnesia. There is no medicine that can directly help with amnesia.

Memory
Symptoms
Icarus was the son of Daedalus. Daedalus was imprisoned in his own invention, the labyrinth. He helped the hero Theseus kill King Minos’s beast, the Minotaur, and run away with King Minos’s daughter, Ariadne. 

Daedelus came up with a plan. He knew that Minos controlled all escape routes by land or sea, so he decided to go by air. He built wings for himself and Icarus. They found their way out of the labyrinth and flew out of the highest tower. 

Icarus foolishly ignored his father’s advice to fly on the same route as him so that the sun would not melt the wings and the sea would not dampen them. Icarus flew up higher and higher toward the sun, and the wax in the wings melted and he fell into the sea and drowned. Daedalus looked down towards the sea and saw the feathers floating on the water and figured out what happened. Eventually Daedalus found the body and buried it on the island of Icaria, and the sea which Icarus fell into is now called the Icarian Sea.

People in Greek mythology
Sportscene is a Scottish television programme. It is about sports. It is made by BBC Scotland. Dougie Donnelly and Dougie Vipond are the main presenters of the program. Paul Mitchell is the usual commentator for football matches.

Media in Scotland
Sports television series
Sport in Scotland
Trauma is the name doctors have for a physical injury caused by something outside the body. Depending on what was injured there are different kinds of traumas.

 Trauma (medicine)
Blunt trauma, trauma that comes from being hit by a blunt object
Blast injury, physical trauma caused by an explosion
Psychological trauma, results if someone witnesses something that he or she is unable to cope with on his or her own. Such traumas can occur after cases of sexual abuse, for example.

 Trauma center, a hospital that provides emergency medical services to trauma victims
Madeline L'Engle (November 29, 1918 – September 6, 2007) was an American writer. Her book A Wrinkle in Time won the Newbery Medal. A Wrinkle in Time was made into a movie in 2003.

L'Engle was born in 1918 in New York City, New York. She died at her home in Connecticut on September 6, 2007.

Selected books
A Wrinkle in Time
A Wind in the Door
A Swiftly Tilting Planet
Many Waters
An Acceptable Time

References

1918 births
2007 deaths
20th-century American novelists
Writers from New York City
American Christians
Henry Hudson (1565 – disappeared 23 June 1611) was an English explorer and navigator in the 1600s. He was well known for discovering the Hudson River and the Hudson Bay.

Hudson was trying to find a northwest passage to Cathay (present day China). He tried twice before he found it. Hudson discovered the Hudson Bay and Hudson River in North America. He claimed the Hudson Bay for England along with other pieces of land. He was working for the Dutch when he found the Hudson River. He found it in 1609 when he was looking for a way to get from North America to Asia by water. This was named the Northwest Passage. On September 11, 1609, he found what is now New York City.

References

1556 births
1611 deaths
English explorers

English sailors
Clara Gordon Bow (; July 29, 1905 – September 27, 1965) was an American actress. She was born in Brooklyn, New York City. She was one of the most famous movie actresses in the history of silent movies. Bow died September 27, 1965 of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California at the age of 60.

Bow acted in 57 movies between 1922 and 1933. She is considered the first American sex symbol after her work in the 1927 movie It. That movie also created the term "The It Girl" meaning the most popular girl at the moment. Bow was the original It girl. She was the person every movie studio tried to get in their movies. She was the person who the audiences always want to see more of. She was the focus of media attention. She retired at age 28. In 1944 Bow tried to kill herself. She was diagnosed with schizophrenia. 

Bow was born in Prospect Heights.

Filmography

Other websites 

ClaraBow.net - Biography, images, and filmography about Clara Bow.
 Photographs of Clara Bow
1905 births
1965 deaths
Actors from New York City
American silent movie actors
Deaths from myocardial infarction
A sales quote is an estimated amount that a person selling something gives to a customer. It is given to show them how much it would cost to have the work done. Many services do not have fixed prices for work. The cost can change depending on the tools, materials and how much work is needed to be done for each customer. The person calculates an estimated amount, and gives this to the customer, so that they can have an idea how much it will cost.

Sales quote is for example a quote given to the customer by auto insurance broker based on details like income, work position, criminal record and others.

The sales quote is figured from the information given by the potential customer, about the work they would like to have done.

References

Commerce
MapleStory is an online computer game made by the Korean company Wizet, and maintained and distributed by Nexon. Playing the game is free, but people can buy clothes and other in-game items from the "Cash Shop" using money. MapleStory has way less than 10,000 concurrent players world-wide. The game has many different versions for people to play on based on location. MapleStory got its name from the maple leaf. Therefore, the game has the maple leaf item during events.

Gameplay 
This game is a 2D side-scrolling Massive Multi-player Online Role Playing Game (short form is MMORPG) which required players to create characters and then play the game as the "Novice Job Advancement". The name depends on the class he or she picked. Then, one does quests or grinds at monsters until either LV. 120 or LV. 200 depending on the class one chooses.

One can get Job Advancements to get stronger in-game. Please note the number of the level required to job advance might change due to some recent patches:
1st Job requires LV. 10, 2nd Job requires LV. 30, 3rd Job requires LV. 70 (LV. 60 after the Tempest expansion) and 4th Job requires LV. 120. (LV. 100 after the Tempest expansion)

Every year, MapleStory receives a lot of updates, which some players found the game going into a better direction but some players felt that the game is just getting spoiled.

The Maple World is known to be big that one needs to use transportation to travel over places. Taking a ship required the in-game currency mesos and some waiting time. However, to prevent other characters to be a goner forever, the ship is free of charge.

Meso is the in-game currency for MapleStory used to buy potions, equipment or cool items in the Free Market (Note: The Free Market prices are not free, the items are usually as expensive as one billion.)

Mesos cannot be bought. They are hard to earn by questing or trading and are easy to spend on things in the Free Market.

There are other systems and features in the game.
MapleStory DS 
MapleStory DS (Korean: 메이플스토리 DS) is a Nintendo DS game coming in April 2010, being worked on with Nexon and Nintendo. They said that the Korean put-up date was in 2009.

The game was talked about in E3 2006. On January 9 2007, Nexon and the newly made Nintendo of Korea put up a trailer for the game. They first said the game would be put up in September 2007.  It was found out it will be an online game, that works with the Nintendo DS Wi-Fi System. In an interview with the boss of international business development, Stephen Lee said that the game will work in single player. He also said there were going to be microphone and touch-responsive features.

References

Other websites 
 http://www.maplestory.com  - Main Maplestory site.
 http://maplestory.nexon.net - Official MapleGlobal site
 http://www.maplesea.com - Official MapleSEA site
 http://www.maplestory.com.br - Official Brazil Maplestory site

Massively multiplayer online role-playing games
2003 video games
Online games
Kiwa hirsuta is a crustacean that was first found living on the Pacific Ocean floor at 7200 feet deep, 900 miles south of Easter Island in March 2005. It is about 6 inches long, or 15 centimeters. It looks a little like a crab, but its long arms are covered with yellow fur that looks like silk, so its discoverers, from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Insititute, named it the Yeti Crab or Yeti Lobster.   But it is so different from other crustaceans that it was given its own scientific family, Kiwaidae.

Other websites 

 "Furry Lobster found in Pacific" at BBC, March 8 2006.

Decapods
Parallel is a term in geometry and in everyday life that refers to a property of lines or planes. Parallel lines or planes are next to each other, but never touch each other. This means they never intersect at any point. If two lines  and  are parallel, then we describe this by writing . The slopes of parallel lines are always equal.

Even if these two line segments were extended to infinity, there would never be a point of intersection between the two of them. In fact, two parallel lines in the two-dimensional plane are always a fixed distance apart.

Construction

Related pages 
 Non-Euclidean geometry
 Parallelogram
 Parallel postulate
 Perpendicular

References 

Geometry
Mount Fuji (富士山, Fuji-san) is the tallest mountain in Japan, at 
 high. It is also a volcano. It is on the border between Shizuoka Prefecture and Yamanashi Prefecture. Mount Fuji is a famous cultural icon of Japan, as a lot of people have painted it and taken photographs of it. It became the 13th UNESCO World Heritage Site in Japan on June 22, 2013. The last time it erupted was from 1707 to 1708.

Active volcano
Mount Fuji is officially classified as an active volcano, but some describe Fuji as dormant or inactive.

The last major event was the Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji which started on December 16, 1707 (Hōei 4, 23rd day of the 11th month) and ended about January 1, 1708 (Hōei 4, 9th day of the 12th month) during the Edo period.  Cinders and ash from Fuji fell like rain in Izu Province, Kai Province, Sagami Province, and Musashi Province.
Shinto
The mountain is thought to be named after Fuchi, the Buddhist fire goddess. The mountain is sacred in the Shinto religion and at the bottom of the mountain are shrines to the goddess Konohananosakuya-hime (コノハナノサクヤヒメ）).

Climbing
Many people climb Mt. Fuji every year. The official climbing season is in the summer: July 25 to August 25. There are three mountain-climbing routes on the Shizuoka side of Mt. Fuji. There is a post office on the top of Mt. Fuji which is open only in summer. The post office was built in 1909 and is the highest post office in Japan.

Mountain in art 
In 2009, Mount Fuji was recognized as one of the 100 Landscapes of Japan which best show contemporary Japan and its culture in the Heisei period.

Related pages  
 List of World Heritage Sites in Japan
 List of volcanos
 Extinct volcano

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Nippon Archives, Nippon Archives - The history of Mount Fuji 
 Japan-guide.com, Mount Fuji
 Kawaguchi Lake Immersive Virtual Tour 
 Pictures of routes up Mount Fuji 
 Mount Fuji climbing & sightseeing guide

Volcanoes of Japan
Shizuoka Prefecture
Yamanashi Prefecture
Nu metal is a style of metal music that uses elements of hip hop and heavy metal music, as well as the usual heavy metal instruments such as guitars, drums and bass. Nu metal bands often include electronic instruments such as DJ decks and keyboards. Nu metal was very successful in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The most successful bands of this genre include Linkin Park (with more than 100 million records sold around the world), Korn (with 35 million), Deftones, Limp Bizkit (with 35 million) and Slipknot (around 15 million records).

Bands (selection) 
 4LYN
 Crosscut
 Deftones
 Dope
 Emil Bulls
 Exilia
 Guano Apes
 Ill Niño
 Korn
 Limp Bizkit
 Linkin Park
 P.O.D.
 Sevendust
 Slipknot

Rock music
Heavy metal subgenres
Ketsumeishi is Japanese hip hop group. It is a four-man group. They are "Ryo" and "Ryoji" and "Daizo" and "DJKohno". The group started performing in 1993. They have four albums, three DVDs and 20 singles.

Musical groups from Tokyo
Japanese pop music groups
Hip hop bands
The  is a Japanese car. It is made by Subaru. The car was first made in 1992. The design of the car has been changed 3 times; the first version was the 1992 model, with it being redesigned in 2000, 2008, and 2015.

Impreza
1990s automobiles
1992 establishments in Japan
Taka and Toshi are a comedy pair from Hokkaido, Japan. Their favourite gag is "Obei ka!!"

Japanese comedians
People from Sapporo
Duos
Alain Prost is a French retired automobile racer and Formula One World Champion. He was born February 24, 1955 in Lorette, France. His nickname is "Professor".

Prost is the one of the greatest Formula One drivers of all time. He won the championship four times: 1985, 1986, 1989 and 1993. Only Lewis Hamilton (7), Michael Schumacher (7) and Juan Manuel Fangio (5) have won more times than Prost.

Formula One 

He started driving with McLaren in 1980. From 1981 until 1983, he was racing for Renault F1. Prost returned to McLaren in 1984 and raced for them until 1989. During this time he won his first three championships. Prost left McLaren to race for Scuderia Ferrari in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, Prost took a year off from racing. He returned to racing in 1993 with WilliamsF1. Prost retired from racing after winning his fourth title in that year.
Prost raced in 202 Grand Prix races between 1980 and 1993. He held the record for most wins with 51 until 2001. He was in the pole position in 33 of those races and had the fastest lap time in 41 races.

Career in numbers

Comparison with team-mates 
In his career, Prost beat nearly all his team-mates on total points, including five World Champions. Only in 1980 he lost by a point and in 1984 by half a point.

Formula One results 
(Races in bold mean pole position, races in italics show fastest lap)

References

Other websites 

 Grand Prix History - Hall of Fame , Alain Prost
 Alain Prost statistics

1955 births
Living people
Armenian diaspora
French Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
People from Loire
B'z is a Japanese hard rock band. It is made up of Takahiro Matsumoto (guitar) and Koshi Inaba (singer). B'z started playing on September 21, 1988. The band has sold more than 70 million CDs. They have had 19 albums sell over 1 million copies each.

Support Member

Other websites 
 B'z Official Website (Japanese Version)  Japanese version of the official website. Includes message from both members and news about the band (in Japanese).
 B'z Official Website  English Version of Official Website
 B'z Net Party  Unofficial B'z Fan Forum
 B'z Fanatics First American B'z Website (now defunct)
 B'z Online Music Site  The Most Complete Website about B'z. Including lyrics & translation, full discography listing, pictures and such!
 B'z no bise Translations in French and news

Hard rock bands
Blues bands
Japanese rock bands
K-1 is a kickboxing competition. It is a mix of Kickboxing, Kung fu, Karate and Boxing. It started in 1993. K-1 has fighters from many countries.

Martial arts
1993 establishments
2012 disestablishments
Kickboxing

Sports organizations of Japan
PRIDE Fighting Championships was a mixed martial arts organization based in Japan.(1997-2007) PRIDE held more than sixty mixed martial arts events. As one of the most MMA organizations in the world during its ten years of operation, PRIDE broadcast to about 40 countries worldwide.

History 

PRIDE Fighting Championships was first started in 1997 by the match popular Japanese pro-wrestler Nobuhiko Takada with Rickson Gracie, champion of the Gracie family of Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners. The event, held at the Tokyo Dome on October 11, 1997 attracted 47,000 fans, as well as Japanese mass media attention. The success of the first event enabled its promoters to hold a regular series of mixed martial arts events and grew up to be the most popular mixed martial arts event in Japan.

Rules

Match length
Match length

PRIDE matches make up of three rounds; the first round is ten minutes, and the second and third round are five minutes. Intermissions between each round were two minutes in length. In PRIDE US events, NSAC Unified MMA rules were used, with non-title matches consisting of three five minute rounds and title matches of 5 five minute rounds both having 60 second intermissions between rounds.

When two rounds of a Grand Prix took place on the same night, Grand Prix bouts consisted of two rounds; the first lasting ten minutes and the second lasting five. Intermissions between each round remained two minutes in length.

Weight classes

Heavyweight (more than 93 kg / 205 lb) 
Middleweight (less than or equal to 93 kg / 205 lb) 
Welterweight (less than or equal to 83 kg / 183 lb) 
Lightweight (less than or equal to 73 kg / 161 lb)

RING

PRIDE used a five-roped square ring with sides 7 m in length (approximately 23 ft).

Fighter’s clothing
Fighter’s clothing

PRIDE allowed fighters latitude in their choice of clothing but open finger gloves, a mouthguard and a protective cup were duty. Fighters were allowed to use tape on parts of their body or to wear a gi top, gi pants (Judo, Jujutsu, Karate), wrestling shoes, kneepads, elbow pads, or ankle supports at their own discretion, though each was checked by the referee before the fight.

Victory
Victory

Submission
A fighter taps either his opponent or the mat three times
Knockout
A fighter falls from a legal blow and is either unconscious or unable to continue.
Technical Knockout
Referee Stoppage--- The referee sees that one fighter is completely dominant to the point of endangering his opponent, the referee will stop the match.
Doctor Stoppage---In the event that a fighter is injured (via fair methods) and cannot continue the match, his opponent will be declared the winner. The ring doctor will be the one to determine whether the fighter can continue or not. In the event that an injury was caused by illegal methods, the perpetrator will be disqualified.
A fighter's corner throws in the towel.

Decision
Decision

If the match reaches its time limit then the outcome of the bout is determined by the three judges. The fight is scored in its entirety and not round-by-round. After the third round, each judge must decide a winner. Matches cannot end in a draw. A decision is made according to the following standard in this order of priority:

the effort made to finish the fight via KO or submission, 
damage given to the opponent, 
standing combinations and ground control, 
takedowns and takedown defense, 
aggressiveness, and 
weight (in the case that the weight difference is 10 kg/22 lb or more).

Fouls
Fouls 

Head butting. (Beginning at PRIDE 12) 
Eye gouging. 
Hair pulling. 
Biting. 
Fish hooking. 
Any attacks to the groin 
Strikes to the back of the head, which includes the occipital region and the spine. The sides of the head and the area around the ears are not considered to be the back of the head. (see Rabbit punch) 
Small joint manipulation (control of four or more fingers/toes is necessary). 
Elbow strikes to the head and face. 
Intentionally throwing your opponent out of the ring. 
Running out of the ring. 
Purposely holding the ropes. Fighters cannot purposely hang an arm or leg on the ropes and it will result in an immediate warning.

PRIDE champions 

Heavyweight (over 93 kg) Fedor Emelianenko (Russia)
Middleweight (under 93 kg) Dan Henderson (USA)
Welterweight (under 83 kg) Dan Henderson (USA)
Lightweight (under 73 kg) Takanori Gomi (Japan)

Mixed martial arts organizations
1997 establishments in Japan
2007 disestablishments
2000s disestablishments in Japan
, also known as , is a university in Tokyo, Japan.

History
The modern university was established in 1877.  It merged older government schools for medicine and Western learning.

In 1866, the name was changed to .

In 1897, the name became  .

After the end of World War II, the early name of the school was restored.

Organization
The University of Tokyo has 10 faculties (schools for undergraduate students) and 15 graduate schools.

Faculties and Colleges

 Faculty of Agriculture
 College & Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
 Faculty & Graduate School of Economics
 Faculty & Graduate School of Education
 Faculty & Graduate School of Engineering
 Faculty of Law
 Faculty of Letters
 Faculty of & Graduate School Medicine
 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
 Faculty of & Graduate School Science
Graduate Schools
 Graduate School of Frontier Sciences
 Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology
 Graduate School of Information Science and Technology
 Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies
 Graduate Schools for Law and Politics
 Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences

Research Institutes
The University of Tokyo has the following research institutes.

Non-Scientific Institutes
 Institute of Oriental Culture
 Institute of Social Science

Scientific Institutes
 Institute of Medical Science
 Earthquake Research Institute
 Institute of Industrial Science
 Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences
 Institute for Cosmic Ray Research
 Institute for Solid State Physics
 Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute
 Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology

Notable alumni
Notable alumni

National leaders
Many prime ministers of Japan have studied at University of Tokyo. 
 Reijirō Wakatsuki
 Osachi Hamaguchi
 Kōki Hirota
 Kiichirō Hiranuma
 Kijūrō Shidehara
 Shigeru Yoshida
 Tetsu Katayama
 Hitoshi Ashida
 Ichirō Hatoyama
 Nobusuke Kishi
 Eisaku Satō
 Takeo Fukuda
 Yasuhiro Nakasone
 Kiichi Miyazawa
 Yukio Hatoyama

Novel Prize receivers
Seven alumni of University of Tokyo have received the Nobel Prize.
Yasunari Kawabata, Literature, 1968
Leo Esaki, Physics, 1973
Eisaku Satō, Peace, 1974
Kenzaburō Ōe, Literature, 1994
Masatoshi Koshiba, Physics, 2002
Yoichiro Nambu, Physics, 2008
Ei-ichi Negishi, Chemistry, 2010

Others
Other graduates also include Masao Iri, Masatake Mori, Masaaki Sugihara and Toshio Irie.

Related pages
 University of Tokyo Press
 List of national universities in Japan
 Earthquake engineering
 Tansei
 Kyoto University

References

Other websites 

University of Tokyo
1877 establishments
1870s establishments in Japan
Implicit derivatives are derivatives of implicit functions. This means that they are not in the form of  (explicit function), and are instead in the form  (implicit function). It might not be possible to rearrange the function into the form . To use implicit differentiation, we use the chain rule, 

If we let , then,

Example

Which we can work out to be equivalent to, using the above,

Then we can isolate 

Then divide to get, 

Mathematical analysis
Calculus
Howard Carter (9 May 1874 – 2 March 1939) was an English archaeologist. His mother was Martha Carter and his father was Samuel Carter. As a young man he worked for the Egyptian Antiquities Service. Later, he was the man who found King Tutankhamun's tomb in 1922. 

The discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb was an accident. Howard Carter's waterboy stumbled across some steps leading under the desert surface. Lord Carnarvon, a sponsor of Carter's work, was impatient of the slow progress at this point, and if the discovery had not been made, then it likely would not have been discovered at all.

References

1874 births
1939 deaths
English archaeologists
The Sport-Verein Werder von 1899 e. V. Bremen is a German football club playing in the city of Bremen. The club was founded in 1899 as FV Werder by a group of sixteen high school students. The students had won a football as prize in a  tug of war competition. In 1920 the name was changed from FV to SV werder Bremen. In this year chess, baseball, cricket and  track and field athletics  became part of the club. But football was and still is the most important part of the club.

The name "Werder" is a not very common regional word which means "River peninsula". The first play ground of Werder Bremen was beside the Weser river. Today they play in the Weserstadion.

The club's first team plays in the German Bundesliga. The second team of Werder Bremen is playing in Germanys 4th league. The women team is playing in the Second Bundesliga. Their colors are green and white (Grün und Weiß).

Current squad

Coaching staff

League position

Former position

Honours
Honours

Germany
German Bundesliga (4): 1965, 1988, 1993, 2004
German Cup (6): 1961, 1991, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009

International
 Cup winner-Cup : 1992
UEFA-Cup-final: 2009
Manager history
Willi Multhaup  1963-1965  
Günter Brocker  1965-04.09.1967    
Fritz Langner  09.09.1967-1969    
Fritz Rebell  1969-16.03.1970  
Hans Tilkowski  17.03.1970-1970  
Robert Gebhardt  1970-26.09.1971  
Willi Multhaup  27.09.1971-24.10.1971   
Josef Piontek  25.10.1971-07.05.1972    
Fritz Langner  08.05.1972-1972    
Josef Piontek  1972/1975  
Herbert Burdenski  1975-28.02.1976    
Otto Rehhagel  29.02.1976-1976   
Hans Tilkowski  1976-22.12.1977    
Fred Schulz  02.01.1978-1978    
Wolfgang Weber  1978-29.01.1980    
Fritz Langner  20.02.1980-1980    
Kuno Klötzer  1980-1981    
Otto Rehhagel  01.04.1981-1995    
Aad de Mos  1995-09.01.96    
Hans-Jürgen Dörner  14.01.96 - 20.08.97    
Wolfgang Sidka  01.09.1997 - 22.10.1998    
Felix Magath  22.10.1998 - 09.05.1999    
Thomas Schaaf  10.05.1999 - 15.05.2013
Wolfgang Rolff 15.05.2013 -
Notable players
Frank Baumann ( 1999-2009)
Arnold Schütz (1955-1972)
Dieter Burdenski (1972-1988, goalkeeper coach 1997-2005)
Horst-Dieter Höttges (1964-1978)
Marco Bode (1988-2002)
Andreas Herzog (1992-1995)

Team records
Marco Bode 101 goals
Dieter Burdenski 444 matches in the German Bundesliga
Horst-Dieter Höttges 66 matches for the German football national team
Werder Bremen - DSC Arminia Bielefeld  8:1  (2007) Werder Bremen - Offenbacher Kickers  8:1  (1983) highest victory
Eintracht Frankfurt - Werder Bremen  9:2  (1981) highest score in lost match

References 

Werder Bremen
Fußball-Bundesliga
German football clubs
Werder Bremen
1899 establishments in Germany
The Redfern Riots on 14 February 2004 were started in the inner Sydney suburb of Redfern after the death of Thomas 'TJ' Hickey, a 17 year old Australian Aboriginal. 

The boy was riding home on his bicycle from his girlfriend's house when he saw a police car and thought it was chasing him. Police were searching him, but police have said that the police car was looking for a different person. While the chase Hickey lost control of his bicycle rode into a spiked fence.
Friends and relatives came together at The Block to be sad. Fliers were given out, which said that it was the fault of the police that the boy died and unhappy aboriginal youths arrived from other parts of Sydney at the Redfern railway station. The police closed the entrance to the station but the crowd had turned violent and began to throw bottles, bricks and Molotov cocktails. The violence became into a full riot around The Block, during which Redfern railway station was burning for a short time and was heavily damaged. The riot went on into the early morning, until police used Fire Brigade water hoses to get the crowd apart. One car, stolen in a western suburb, was burnt, and 40 police officers were hurt.

Related pages
 2005 Macquarie Fields riots
 2005 Cronulla riots

Other websites 
 Redfern riots special  (Sydney Morning Herald) - several stories about the riots and its endings.

References
References 

2004 crimes
2000s in Sydney
2000s crimes in Australia
Law enforcement in Australia
Police misconduct
2000s riots
Fingering means: choosing which finger to use for each note when playing a piece on a musical instrument.  When learning to play a piece it is important to try to find a good fingering.  Once a good fingering has been found it should always be used so that the piece is always played in the same way and the fingers learn “where to go”.  Sometimes printed music has some fingering printed above the notes.  This can be helpful to the player, but it is not always necessary to use the printed fingering.  People’s hands are different and a fingering that is good for one player may not be good for another.
Fingering on keyboard instruments
When playing keyboard instruments the fingers are numbered from 1 to 5 on each hand: the thumb is 1, the index finger is 2, the middle finger is 3, the ring finger is 4 and the little finger is 5.  The fingers were not always numbered like that.  In Britain in the 19th century the thumb was shown by a cross (+) and the fingers were numbered from 1 to 4.  This was known as “English fingering” while the other way (from 1 to 5) was known as “Continental fingering”.  However, from the beginning of the 20th century the British used the normal 1 to 5 (Continental) fingering.
Ideas about fingering have changed during the history of music.  In the Baroque times (17th and early 18th centuries) French composers writing for the harpsichord often fingered scale passages 2 3 2 3 etc. so that the notes were grouped (slurred) in twos.  Later this idea went out of fashion.  In the early 19th century  Carl Czerny wrote lots of studies for piano  which helped to exercise all the fingers equally.  This is how we learn to play the piano today.
Fingering for the organ is similar to fingering for the piano.  However, organists use a lot of “finger substitution” which means: changing to a different finger while a note is held down.  This is useful in music such as hymn tunes which have lots of chords.  It helps to make the music legato (smooth):  (a pianist can use the right pedal to make chords legato.)  An organist playing on the pedals also needs to decide which foot to use for each note.  This is called “footing”.  A v sign means: play with the toe, a square u sign means: play with the heel.  When these signs are placed above the note it means the right foot, below means for the left foot.
Fingering on string instruments
Fingering on string instruments will show which position to play in (i.e. how far down the fingerboard the hand is held).  The fingers are numbered from 1 to 4 because the thumb is behind the neck of the instrument.  The number 0 means: play an open string (not using the finger).  It is only the left hand which fingers the notes because the right hand is either plucking or bowing.  Bowed instruments like the violin have no markings on the fingerboard, so the player has to get used to the exact place to put the fingers, otherwise it will not be in tune.  Plucked instruments such as guitars and banjos have frets (little bumps on the fingerboard) which show where to put the fingers.
Sometimes the fingering printed or written in the music may also need to show which string to play on.  A tune that could be played in first position on a D string on the violin could also be played on the G string in fifth position (with the hand much higher up the fingerboard). This is harder to do, but a good player can make it sound particularly warm and beautiful.  Sometimes notes can be fingered as harmonics instead of as ordinary stopped notes.  This makes them sound very light and airy.

Cellists can also play in “thumb position” if they have several notes which are high and quite near one another.  This means putting the thumb high up on the fingerboard, often across two strings.
The double bass is so big that the distances between the notes are very big too.  To go up from one note to the next (in semitones) they use finger 1, then 2, then 4.  Finger 3 is just helping finger 4 to press down on the string.  There are a few players who use a different fingering system: using fingers 1, 2, 3, 4.  This means that the hand has to stretch a lot.  It is difficult to play in tune like this, although it saves having to change the hand position so much.