Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
UK 
Disc 1
"Superstition" – 4:28
"Sir Duke" – 3:54
"I Wish" – 4:14
"Master Blaster (Jammin')" – 5:09
"Isn't She Lovely" – 3:21
"I Just Called to Say I Love You" – 4:23
"Ebony and Ivory" (duet with Paul McCartney) – 3:42
"As" – 3:29
"Never Had a Dream Come True" – 3:13
"I Was Made to Love Her" – 2:37
"Heaven Help Us All" – 3:13
"Overjoyed" – 3:44
"Lately" – 4:07
"For Your Love" – 5:02
"If You Really Love Me" – 2:59
"Higher Ground" – 3:44
"Do I Do" – 5:05
"Living for the City" – 3:41
"Part-Time Lover" – 4:14
Disc 2
"For Once in My Life" – 2:48
"Uptight (Everything's Alright)" – 2:53
"We Can Work It Out" (The Beatles cover) – 3:15
"Signed, Sealed, Delivered (I'm Yours)" – 2:38
"Yester-Me, Yester-You, Yesterday" – 3:04
"I'm Wondering" – 2:54
"My Cherie Amour" – 2:52
"You Are the Sunshine of My Life" – 2:58
"I Don't Know Why (I Love You)" – 2:47
"A Place in the Sun" – 2:49
"Blowin' in the Wind" (Bob Dylan cover) – 3:04
"Send One Your Love" – 4:02
"Pastime Paradise" – 3:28
"I Ain't Gonna Stand for It" – 4:39
"Fingertips, Pts. 1 & 2 (Live)" – 6:55
"Boogie On Reggae Woman" – 5:13
"You Haven't Done Nothin'" – 3:23
"He's Misstra Know It All" – 5:34
"Happy Birthday" – 5:54

NOTE: In 2003, the set was re-released with a re-recorded version of "Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours" featuring Blue and Angie Stone.

Japan
Japan

Standard 
"You Are the Sunshine of My Life" – 2:58
"Superstition" – 4:28
"Sir Duke" – 3:54
"I Wish" – 4:14
"Overjoyed" – 3:44
"My Cherie Amour" – 2:52
"For Once in My Life" – 2:48
"Signed, Sealed, Delivered (I'm Yours)" – 2:38
"Higher Ground" – 3:44
"Master Blaster (Jammin')" – 5:09
"Boogie On Reggae Woman" – 5:13
"I Was Made to Love Her" – 2:37
"Uptight (Everything's Alright)" – 2:53
"Fingertips, Part 2 (Live)" – 3:10
"Hey Love"
"Living for the City" – 3:41
"You Haven't Done Nothin'" – 3:23
"That Girl"
"Do I Do" – 5:05
"I Just Called to Say I Love You" – 4:23
"Part-Time Lover" – 4:14

Deluxe
Deluxe 

Disc 1
"You Are the Sunshine of My Life" – 2:58
"Isn't She Lovely" – 3:21
"My Cherie Amour" – 2:52
"Sir Duke" – 3:54
"I Wish" – 4:14
"If You Really Love Me" – 2:59
"As" – 3:29
"Overjoyed" – 3:44
"Pastime Paradise" – 3:28
"Boogie On Reggae Woman" – 5:13
"Signed, Sealed, Delivered (I'm Yours)" – 2:38
"Yester-Me, Yester-You, Yesterday" – 3:04
"I Was Made to Love Her" – 2:37
"A Place in the Sun"" – 2:49
"He's Misstra Know It All" – 5:34
"Send One Your Love" – 4:02
"I Ain't Gonna Stand for It" – 4:39
"Living for the City" – 3:41
"I Just Called to Say I Love You" – 4:23
"Part-Time Lover" – 4:14
Disc 2
"Superstition" – 4:28
"Higher Ground" – 3:44
"Master Blaster (Jammin')" – 5:09
"For Once in My Life" – 2:48
"Never Had a Dream Come True" – 3:13
"We Can Work It Out" (The Beatles cover) – 3:15
"Uptight (Everything's Alright)" – 2:53
"Blowin' in the Wind" (Bob Dylan cover) – 3:04
"You Haven't Done Nothin'" – 3:23
"Ebony and Ivory" (duet with Paul McCartney) – 3:42
"For Your Love" – 5:02
"Fingertips, Pts. 1 & 2 (Live)" – 6:55
"I'm Wondering" – 2:54
"I Don't Know Why (I Love You)" – 2:47
"Heaven Help Us All" – 3:13
"Lately" – 4:07
"Do I Do" – 5:05
"Happy Birthday" – 5:54
"To Feel the Fire"– 3:47

References

2002 albums
2003 albums
Greatest hits albums
R&B albums
Soul albums
Stevie Wonder albums
The catholic mass is made of two parts: One that changes during the year, and the other one that does not. The one that does not change is usually called Ordinary. The part that canges is usually called Proper. The Latin names for these are Ordinarium and Proprium. When talkin about the music performed in Church, an ordinary usually consists of the following (which are either songs or prayers):
Kyrie eleison
Gloria 
Credo
Sanctus
Agnus dei
Protestant and Eastern Orthodox often use the same songs, but they have adapted the texts. Nowadays, the text is often translated to the local language.

Christian music
Shirley Stelfox (11 April 1941 – 7 December 2015) was an English actress. She was best known for her role as Edna Birch on the British soap opera Emmerdale.

Stelfox died in Yorkshire Dales, Yorkshire from cancer of unknown primary origin on 7 December 2015, aged 74.

References

Other websites

Profile , filmdope.com; accessed 21 November 2015.
Shirley Stelfox(Aveleyman)

1941 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin
Actors from Cheshire
Cancer deaths in England
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Mattiwilda Dobbs (July 11, 1925 – December 8, 2015) was an African-American coloratura soprano. She was one of the first black singers to enjoy a major international career in opera. After winning the International Music Competition in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1951, she made her professional operatic debut at the Holland Festival, as the Nightingale in Stravinsky's The Nightingale, in 1952.

Dobbs died on December 8, 2015 at her home in Atlanta, Georgia of cancer of unknown primary origin at the age of 90.

References

Other websites
 Interview with Mattiwilda Dobbs by Bruce Duffie, March 28, 1994

1925 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin
African-American singers
Singers from Atlanta
Mary Joan Okum (née Kath; October 27, 1924 – December 8, 2015), known by her performing name Bonnie Lou, was an American musical pioneer. She was one of first female rock and roll singers. She was also one of the first artists to gain crossover success from country music to rock and roll. She was the "top name" on the first country music program regularly broadcast on a national TV network. 

Lou was one of the first female co-hosts of a successful television talk show, and a regular musical performer on popular shows in the 1960s and 1970s. She "was a prime mover in the first days of rockabilly," and is a member of the Rockabilly Hall of Fame.

Lou died from complications of dementia under hospice care in Cincinnati, Ohio, aged 91.

References

1924 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from dementia
Disease-related deaths in Ohio
Country musicians from Illinois
American rock singers
American television personalities
Actors from Illinois
Singers from Illinois
Musicians from Illinois
Child abduction 
During wars, children are often abducted. They may be treated brutally or killed. They may be victims of sexual violence or may be used as soldiers. Children are abducted both by armed parties or governments. They may be taken as an act of retaliation against a population.

International child abduction 
When a marriage breaks down, it is not uncommon for one parent to wish to return, with his or her children, to their state of origin. This is usually without the permission of the other parent. This becomes an international child abduction. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child requires "State Parties shall take measures to combat the illicit transfer and non-return of children abroad". Also that they "promote the conclusion of bilateral or multilateral agreements or accession to existing agreements". International child abductions are a matter treated by civil law and in some cases criminal law.

References
References

Other websites 
 Abduction vs Kidnapping, Kids Live Safe
 Family Abduction, National Center for Missing & Exploited Children
Types of crime
Embezzlement is the theft or misappropriating of funds or assets belonging to a company or government. It is the misusing of property lawfully entrusted to a person who then converts it for his or her own use. Accounting embezzlement is hiding the theft of funds by the manipulation of accounting records. Embezzlement is most commonly a corporate crime.

There are many different ways to embezzle funds. "Skimming off the top" is when a person continually takes a small amount over a period of time. Someone may disappear after taking a large amount of funds. Managers may steal money by under-reporting income and keeping the unreported funds.

The US Internal Revenue Service requires the reporting of all income when a person files their income tax forms. Failure to include embezzled funds in their gross income can bring charges of tax evasion by the IRS. This is in addition to any other jurisdictions criminal charges of embezzlement.

References 

Financial crimes
Action role-playing games (or action RPG) is a sub-genre of role-playing video games. It includes action or action-adventure games.

Role-playing video games
Video game genres
Eskender Mustafaiev (Ukrainian: Ескендер Аметович Мустафаєв; born July 17, 1981) is a swimmer from Aqyar/Sevastopil. Ukraine.  He won a gold medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in the 50 metre freestyle S4 race.

Swimming 

Mustafaiev was a member of the swimming team from Ukraine at the 2011 IPC European Swimming Championships in Berlin, Germany. He competed in the Men’s 50m Freestyle S4.

When he was 31-years-old, Mustafaiev won a gold medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in the 50 metre freestyle S4 with a time of 38.26 seconds.  He also competed in the 100m freestyle, 50m backstroke and 200m freestyle races in London.  He was one of three people from the Ukraine who was from Crimea who competed in London. The other two sportspeople were swimmer Dmytro Kryzhanivskyi and shooter Olha Mustafaieva. He finished last in the 50m backstroke final. After the 2012 Games, they gave him the Order of Merit for his sport work.
At the 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships in Montreal, Mustafaiev won a gold in the men’s 50 freestyle S4 with a time of 37.96 seconds. He won a silver medal in the men’s 100 freestyle S4.  He lost the race to Slovenia's Darko Duric, who defeated him by a third of a second.

Mustafaiev did not compete at the 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships and did not defend his world championship title.

In October 2014, Mustafaiev, two other Crimean Paralympic and Deaflympic swimmers and a Crimean Paralympic or Deaflympic coach lost their Ukrainian sports scholarship.  This was decided after reports they moved to Russia.

References

1981 births
Ukrainian paralympic gold medalists
Ukrainian swimmers
Living people
Deimatic defence is when prey startle predators and so get time to escape. The predator gets a shock, and often jumps back when startled. Many prey use this tactic when a predator gets close. It is an anti-predator defence.

This method is a fake, where a real aposematic warning signal is genuine. Many species of frog put on warning displays; but only some of these species do have poison glands. 

Displays are classified as deimatic or aposematic by the responses of the animals that see them. 
Where predators are initially startled but learn to eat the displaying prey, the display is classed as deimatic, and the prey is bluffing; 
Where they continue to avoid the prey after tasting it, the display is taken as aposematic, meaning the prey is genuinely distasteful. 
In the second case, the behaviour is both deimatic and aposematic. It startles the predator, and the display truly indicates the prey is bad to eat.

References 

Ethology
Tax advantage refers to the financial gain which applies to certain accounts or investments. These include accounts that are, by statute, tax-reduced, tax-deferred, or tax-free. Governments establish tax advantages to encourage private individuals to contribute money when it is considered to be in the public interest. An example is retirement plans, which often offer tax advantages to incentivize savings for retirement. In the United States municipal bonds may also be exempt from certain taxes.
In countries in which the average age of the population is increasing, tax advantages may put pressure on pension plans. For example, where benefits are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, the benefits paid to those receiving a pension come directly from the contributions (money paid) of those of working age. If the proportion of pensioners to working-age people rises, the contributions needed from working people will also rise proportionately. In the United States, the rapid onset of Baby Boomer retirement is currently causing such a problem.

References 

Taxation
An eye-spot (or ocellus) is an eye-like marking on the body of an animal. They are found on butterflies, reptiles, felids, birds and fish.

Eye-spots may be a form of mimicry: the spot looks like the eye of a larger animal. Its function may be to draw a predator's attention away from the most vulnerable body parts; or to look like an unpleasant or dangerous animal. 

In larger animals, eyespots may play a role in intraspecies communication or courtship – the best-known example is probably the eyespots on a peacock's display feathers.

There is evidence that eyespots in butterflies are anti-predator defences. Some are deimatic displays to distract, startle or scare off predators, or at least to deflect attacks away from vital body parts. Butterfly eyespots may also play a role in mate recognition and sexual selection, like the eyespots on larger organisms.

References 

Ethology
Mimicry
A tax deduction is a way to reduce the amount of income that is subject to a tax. Tax deductions and tax credits both lower the amount of money a person has to pay in taxes. But they do it differently. A tax deduction is subtracted from the gross income of a taxpayer. For example, if a couple had an income of $60,000 for the year, and they had paid $10,000 in interest on their mortgage, their taxable income would be reduced to $50,000. The value of a tax deduction depends on a person's tax rate, which rises with income. A tax credit, by comparison, has the same value for all taxpayers. In the USA, there are hundreds of different tax deductions. Some are only available to taxpayers in certain income brackets. Some are available to businesses in particular industries.

References 

Finance
Taxation
The Saimaa ringed seal (Pusa hispida saimensis) is a subspecies of ringed seal (Pusa hispida). Usually seals live in the sea, but Saimaa ringed seals live in Lake Saimaa in Finland. There are only 320 Saimaa ringed seals in the world. They are among the most endangered seals in the world. 

After the last ice age was over, dry land was rising slowly. This isolated Lake Saimaa from the sea. Some seals were also isolated in Saimaa. Their successors become Saimaa ringed seals.

Appearance

An adult Saimaa ringed seal is between  long and weighs between . Usually male seals are larger than females. Their colour is dark gray, with circular white ring patterns.
Reproduction 
Saimaa ringed seals give birth towards the end of February. They dig a nest in snow on top of lake ice. Snow nest gives shelter for young seal pups. If there is not enough snow, young seals do not survive. In 2010s, volunteers help seals by building artificial piles of snow on lake ice. Studies by the University of Eastern Finland showed the ringed seals would nest in man-made snowdrifts the same as natural snowdrifts.

References

Other websites

Pinnipeds
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons living in the U.S. state of Alaska are able to marry. A U.S. district court declared Alaska's denial of same-sex marriages unconstitutional on October 12, 2014.

Hate crime/sexual orientation laws
State law does not address hate crimes based on gender identity or sexual orientations. Anchorage, however, does have an ordinance "to outlaw discrimination in Anchorage based on sexual orientation or gender identity". Anchorage makes up 41% of the total population of Alaska.

References

LGBT rights in the United States
Alaska
The Regnenses, Regni or Regini were a British Celtic people. They were ruled by a king. Their their territory or kingdom was later a civitas of Roman Britain. Their capital was Noviomagus Reginorum, known today as Chichester in modern West Sussex.

Before the Romans conquered Britain their land and capital appear to have been part of the territory of the Atrebates. Possibly they were part of a confederation of tribes. The tribe made use of hill forts more than other tribes around them. Their location in southern England would have made them a more civilized people. They would have had contact with Europe through trading exposing them to new ideas. 'Regninses', means "people of the kingdom". It is not known how they came by that name. It was recorded by the Romans but it could be a translation or a name the Romans gave them.
Their ruler was Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus. Tacitus said of him: 
The theory that Cogidubnus was created legatus, a rank only ever given to senators, is based on reconstructing the damaged Chichester inscription. It would read as Cogidubni regis legati Augusti in Britannia ("king and imperial legate in Britain"). It could also be Cogidubni regis magni Britanniae ("great king of Britain").

References

History of England
A property tax (or millage tax) is a levy on property that the owner is required to pay. The tax is imposed by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. The tax may be paid to a national, state, provincial, county, regional, or municipality governmant. Multiple jurisdictions may tax the same property.  This is in contrast to a rent or mortgage tax, which is based on a percentage of the rent or mortgage value.

There are four broad types of property: land, immovable property, personal property  and intellectual property. Real property (also called real estate or realty) means the combination of land and improvements. Under a property tax system, the government requires and/or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property. A tax is assessed based on that value. Forms of property tax used vary among countries and jurisdictions. Real property is often taxed based on its classification. Classification is the grouping of properties based on similar use.
Properties in different classes are taxed at different rates. Examples of different classes of property are residential, commercial, industrial and vacant real property.  In Israel, for example, property tax rates are double for vacant apartments versus occupied apartments. In the Canadian province of British Columbia a speculation tax  on residential properties has been introduced in 2019.

A special assessment tax is sometimes confused with property tax. These are two distinct forms of taxation: one (Ad valorem tax) relies upon the appraised fair market value of the property being taxed. The other (special assessment) relies upon a special enhancement called a "benefit" for its justification.
The property tax rate is often given as a percentage. It may also be expressed as a per mille (amount of tax per thousand currency units of property value), which is also known as a millage rate or mill (which is also one-thousandth of a currency unit). To calculate the property tax, the authority will multiply the assessed value of the property by the mill rate. Then they will divide by 1,000. For example, a property with an assessed value of $50,000 located in a municipality with a mill rate of 20 mills would have a property tax bill of $1,000 per year.

References 

Taxation
Property
Isham Russell "Rusty" Jones II (April 13, 1942 – December 9, 2015), better known as Rusty Jones, was an American jazz drummer. He was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, but was raised in Chicago, Illinois. Jones was known for performing with Marian McPartland and Stéphane Grappelli.

Jones died in Chicago, Illinois from cancer, aged 73.

References

Other websites

1942 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in Chicago
American jazz musicians
American drummers
Musicians from Iowa
People from Cedar Rapids, Iowa
John Trudell (February 15, 1946 – December 8, 2015) was a Native American author, poet, actor, musician, and political activist. He was the spokesperson for the United Indians of All Tribes' takeover of Alcatraz beginning in 1969. He was partners with Marcheline Bertrand, Angelina Jolie's mother, until her death in 2007. During most of the 1970s, he served as the chairman of the American Indian Movement. He was born in Omaha, Nebraska.

In 2015, Trudell died of cancer at age 69 in Santa Clara County, California.

References

Other websites

 Official John Trudell website
 
 

1946 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in California
Native American actors
American poets
American activists
Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
Writers from Omaha, Nebraska
Ron Bouchard (November 23, 1948December 10, 2015) was an American NASCAR driver. He was the 1981 NASCAR Winston Cup Rookie of the Year. He was born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts. Bouchard began his NASCAR career in 1981 in the #47 J.D. Stacy Buick for owner Jack Beebe (Race Hill Farm team). In 1982 Bouchard finished a career-high eighth in the final points standing with 15 Top 10 finishes in 30 races. He ran full-time in 1983, 1984, and 1985.

Bouchard died of cancer in Fitchburg, Massachusetts at the age of 67.

References

Other websites
Ron's Biography 

1948 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
American racecar drivers
Sportspeople from Massachusetts
The shooting of Laquan McDonald occurred on October 20, 2014, in Chicago, Illinois, when McDonald—a 17-year-old black male armed with a knife—was shot 16 times by Chicago Police Officer Jason Van Dyke.

As a result, mayor Rahm Emanuel fired Chicago police superintendent Garry McCarthy on December 1, 2015. Few days later, Emanuel apologized for the shooting, but since then, Emanuel has received criticisms and negative comments towards him and his administration.

Video of the shooting, captured on one police cruiser's dashboard camera, was released to the public on November 24, 2015, over 13 months after the shooting. Van Dyke was charged with first-degree murder within hours after the video's release. After turning himself in to authorities, he was initially ordered held without bail at Cook County Jail,  but released on November 30  after posting bail.
On November 25, Senator and presidential candidate Bernie Sanders released a statement sending condolences to McDonald's family and criticizing the Emanuel administration and the Chicago's police force.

There have been numerous protests denouncing Laquan McDonald's death. In November 27, a major day for shopping in the U.S., a group of protesters chanted "sixteen shots" and other slogans while marching on Michigan Avenue, the city's central shopping district. This caused some businesses to shut their doors and the police closed Michigan Avenue, a six-lane street.

The FBI opened an investigation into McDonald's death, and the city of Chicago approved a five-million dollar settlement in April 2015, although no lawsuit was filed. The police had originally claimed that McDonald had lunged at an officer. However, video footage contradicts that claim; McDonald made no lunges.

On October 5, 2018, Van Dyke was found guilty of second-degree murder, as well as 16 counts of aggravated battery with a firearm.
References

Other websites
External video dashcam footage
Coban, manufacturer of dashboard cameras  used by the Chicago Police

2014 in Illinois
2010s in Chicago
2010s murders in the United States
Murder in 2014
Murders by firearm in the United States
October 2014 events
People shot and killed by law enforcement officers in the United States
Black Lives Matter
Deaths by person in the United States
Adolph "Dolph" Schayes (May 19, 1928 – December 10, 2015) was an American professional basketball player and coach in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was a top scorer and rebounder, he was a 12-time NBA All-Star and a 12-time All-NBA selection. Schayes won an NBA championship with the Syracuse Nationals in 1955.

He was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History and inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. He played for the Philadelphia 76ers from 1948 through 1964. He coached the Philadelphia 76ers from 1963 through 1966 and the Buffalo Braves from 1970 through 1972. He was born in The Bronx, New York City.

Schayes died in Syracuse, New York from cancer, aged 87.

References

Other websites

 Dolph Schayes biography at NBA Encyclopedia
1928 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in New York (state)
National Basketball Association coaches
People from the Bronx
Philadelphia 76ers players
Sportspeople from New York City
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
SS Daniel J. Morrell was an American Great Lakes ore carrier. It was 603 feet long. The ship usually carried iron ore. The Morrell sank during a severe storm on November 29, 1966. The ship broke in two before sinking.

Twenty-eight of the Morrell's 29 crewmen died during the sinking. Only one crewman survived.

References

Shipwrecks
Jon Landau (born July 23, 1960) is an American movie producer. He is best known for his work with James Cameron: Titanic (1997), Solaris (2002) and Avatar (2009). He also produced Campus Man (1987), Honey, I Shrunk The Kids (1989), Dick Tracy (1990) and Alita: Battle Angel (2018).

Landau was born in New York City, New York. He was the son of Edie, a producer, and Ely A. Landau, a studio executive and producer. He is Jewish.

References

Other websites
 

1960 births
Living people
American Jews
Movie producers from New York City
Mikael Agricola ( ) (c. 1510 – 9 April 1557) was a priest who is often called the "father of written Finnish".  In addition, Agricola, Aleksis Kivi and Elias Lönnrot are regarded fathers of a national literature in Finnish.

In his time, Finland was part of Sweden, a Catholic country. He learned the ideas of the Reformation, and thought everyone should be able to read the Bible. To help people in Finland to learn to read, Agricola published a ABC book and a prayer book in Finnish around year 1544. He also translated large sections of the Bible into Finnish.

References

Other websites 
 Agricola, Mikael (1510 - 1557) Finnish Dictionary of National Biography online.
 The Finnish Reformer was a student of Luther – and Finland's educator 

1510 births
1557 deaths
Bible translators
Christian theologians
Christian writers
Finnish scientists
Finnish writers
Former Roman Catholics
Lutheran bishops
Protestant Reformers
Roman Catholic bishops
Roman Catholic priests
TOP 09 is a political party in the Czech Republic. It is a right-wing, conservative party. The chairman of the party is former finance minister Miroslav Kalousek and the honorary chairman is former foreign minister Karel Schwarzenberg. TOP 09 have 26 members in the Chamber of Deputies and 4 members in the European parliament. The party's policies are based on conservatism and pro-Europeanism.

Other websites 
 Official website

Conservative parties

Organizations based in the Czech Republic
Miroslav Kalousek (born 16 December 1960) is a Czech politician, former Finance minister, leader of TOP 09 party, and member of Chamber of Deputies.

References

1960 births
Living people
Czech politicians
Avon is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,446.

References

Towns in Indiana
The Chamber of Deputies of Parliament of the Czech Republic () is the lower house of parliament of the Czech Republic. It has 200 members. They are elected by the people. They serve for 4 years. The current parliament was elected in 2013.

Politics of the Czech Republic
Parliaments
National lower houses
Organizations based in the Czech Republic
The Phillips Curve shows the relationship between unemployment and wage inflation in an economy. It shows that as unemployment goes down, wages go up. It was discovered by British economist William Phillips. He studied wage inflation and unemployment in the United Kingdom from 1861 to 1957. The theory states that economic growth causes inflation. This causes more jobs to become available which lowers unemployment. In the 1970s high levels of inflation and unemployment were occurring at the same time. This disproved the theory, at least in the long run. Many economists feel that the Phillips curve still has value in the short run where there is still a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.

Related pages 
 Microeconomics
 Economy
 Monetary policy

References 

Economic theories
Momoko Kōchi (born Momoko Okouchi March 7, 1932 - November 5, 1998) was a Japanese actress. She is best known for her roles in the original  Godzilla, playing the character of Emiko Yamane. Kōchi later played the same role in Godzilla vs. Destoroyah in 1995. She starred in The Mysterians, playing Hiroko Iwamoto. 

Kōchi was discovered in 1953 in Toho's New Face Contest. By the late 1950s she found herself typecast into science fiction and horror movies. She decided to pursue formal acting. In the 1960s she was on stage doing Shakespeare. She also did occasional television commercials. She didn't act in movies again until 1995. Kōchi died at age 66 in Tokyo Japan on November 5, 1998 from intestinal cancer.

Selected filmography

References

Other websites

1932 births
1998 deaths
Actors from Tokyo
Japanese movie actors
The European perch (Perca fluviatilis), also known as the common perch, redfin perch, big-scaled redfin, English perch, Eurasian perch, Eurasian river perch, Hatch or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply the perch, is a type of fish. It belongs in the genus Perca and lives in Europe and Siberia. It is typically less than 25 cm long. It has greenish basic colour with 5-9 black bands, and red fins.

European perch lives in water which contains no salt or very little salt. It can be found in lakes, rivers, ponds and areas where sea water mixes with river water such as the Baltic Sea. 

European perch eats small animals in the water, such as insects, worms and small fish. It is most hungry early in the morning and late in the evening. European perch tastes good and fishermen like to catch it.

Description 

European perch are greenish with red pelvic, anal and caudal fins. They have five to eight dark vertical bars on their sides. When the perch grows larger, a hump grows between its head and dorsal fin.
Distribution and habitat 
The European perch lives in slow-flowing rivers, deep lakes and ponds. It tends to avoid cold or fast-flowing waters but some specimens penetrate waters of these type, although they do not breed in this habitat.

Outside Europe 
European perch has been widely introduced, with reported adverse ecological impact after introduction. In Australia, the species is implicated in the decline of the now-endangered native fish, the Macquarie perch.

Related pages 

 List of fish common names

References 

Perciformes
Edible fish
National symbols of Finland
Jiří Paďour (4 April 1943 – 11 December 2015) was a Czech Auxiliary Bishop in the Archdiocese of Prague from 1996 to 2001, and the Bishop of České Budějovice from 2002–2014. Pad'our was born in Vraclav, Czechoslovakia.

On 1 March 2014, Pope Francis accepted Paďour's resignation for health reasons. Pad'our died in Prachatice, Czech Republic at the age of 72.

References

Other websites

1943 births
2015 deaths
Czech people
Roman Catholic archbishops
Douglas Rainsford "Doug" Tompkins (March 20, 1943 – December 8, 2015) was an American conservationist, outdoorsman, philanthropist, filmmaker, agriculturalist, and businessman. He was born in Conneaut, Ohio. He co-founded and ran two companies: the outdoor equipment and clothing company The North Face and the Esprit clothing company.

On December 8, 2015, Tompkins was kayaking with five others on General Carrera Lake in southern Chile when strong waves caused their kayaks to capsize. Tompkins spent a "considerable amount of time" in waters under . He was flown via helicopter to a hospital in nearby Coyhaique, where he died from severe hypothermia. He was 72 years old and was survived by his wife, two daughters, mother and brother.

References

Other websites

Tompkins Conservation  
Spanish Language BBC interview
Rebel With A Cause – Doug Tompkins' quest to save the wilderness (film by DreamTeam medienproduktion, arte, WDR, NDR, 2010)
1943 births
2015 deaths
Philanthropists from Ohio
Businesspeople from Ohio
Kayakers
A shipwreck is the remains of a ship that has been wrecked. Shipwrecks are found either beached on land or sunken to the seabed of a body of water. They may be deliberate or accidental. UNESCO estimates that worldwide over 3 million shipwrecks. Some are thousands of years old.

Attraction 

Historic wrecks are attractive to marine archaeologists because they preserve historical information. For example, studying the wreck of Mary Rose revealed information about seafaring, warfare, and life in the 16th century. Military wrecks, caused by a battle at sea, are studied to find details about the historic events. They can reveal much about the battle that occurred. Once in a while there is a discovery of a treasure ship, often from the period of European colonisation. Some contemporary wrecks, such as the oil tankers Prestige or Erika, are of interest because of their potential harm to the environment. Other contemporary wrecks are scuttled (sank deliberately) in order to create reef growth.

Famous shipwrecks
Famous shipwrecks 

Some very famous shipwrecks include the RMS Titanic, HMHS Britannic, RMS Lusitania, SS Andrea Doria, SS Edmund Fitzgerald or the Costa Concordia.  There are also thousands of wrecks that were not lost at sea but have been abandoned or sunk. These abandoned, or derelict ships are typically smaller craft, such as fishing vessels. They sometimes pose a hazard to navigation.

References

Other websites 

 10 Shipwrecks Frozen In Time
 International Registry of Sunken Ships

Shipwrecks
An eddy current can be made when you have a solenoid (coil of wire), in which there is a soft iron core. When you connect the solenoid to an AC power source, metal objects held above the cross sectional area of the solenoid are repelled due to Lenz's Law.

Electricity
Analytic philosophy is a branch of philosophy that was important in the 20th century. Analytical philosophy focuses on the philosophy of language and on argumentation. Important thinkers of this movement include Gottlob Frege,  Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Willard Van Orman Quine.

Related pages 
Metaphilosophy
Ordinary language philosophy

Branches of philosophy
Johan Ludvig Runeberg (; 5 February 1804 – 6 May 1877) was a poet from Finland. He is the national poet of Finland. He wrote in the Swedish language.

Runeberg's most famous work is Fänrik Ståls sägner (The Tales of Ensign Stål, Vänrikki Stoolin tarinat in Finnish). He wrote it between 1848 and 1860. The book consists of 36 poems. The tales are about Finnish War of 1808–09. In the war  Russia got Finland from Sweden. In the tales Runeberg tries to tell us that deep down inside people are similar on both sides of the war. In that book, small people from Finland become heroes in their own life.  The first poem "Vårt land" (Our Land, Maamme in Finnish) became the Finnish National anthem.

References 

1804 births
1877 deaths
Finnish poets
Finnish songwriters
George S. Irving (George Irving Shelasky; November 1, 1922 – December 26, 2016) was an American actor. He was known for his character roles on Broadway. He voiced the Heat Miser in The Year Without a Santa Claus (1974) and in A Miser Brothers' Christmas (2008). Irving recorded the audio version of Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark. He also appeared on stage in Oklahoma! and on television in All in the Family. He won a Tony Award in 1973.

References

Other websites
 
 
TonyAwards.com Interview with George S. Irving 

Tony Award winning actors
1922 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Massachusetts
People from Springfield, Massachusetts
Edmund Lyndeck (October 4, 1925 – December 14, 2015) was an American character actor and musical theatre actor. He began his career in 1970 when he appeared in The Ed Sullivan Show. He appeared on stage as Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol.  He also appeared in the stage production of Into the Woods. 

Lyndeck appeared in guest appearances on Ed, The Cosby Show, and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.

References

Other websites
 
 
 Brief interview with Lyndeck about Stephen Sondheim 

1925 births
2015 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New Jersey
People from Bayonne, New Jersey
Bayonne (pronounced bay-OWN) is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. Bayonne is east of Newark, the state's largest city, north of Elizabeth in Union County and west of Brooklyn. As of 2010, the population was 63,024.

References

Other websites
 

Cities in New Jersey
H. Arnold Steinberg (May 12, 1933 – December 11, 2015) was a Canadian businessman and philanthropist of Jewish descent. He was the Chancellor of McGill University serving from 2009 through 2014.

He studied at McGill University and Harvard University.

In 1957, he started working at Dominion Securities Corp. Ltd. before joining Steinberg Inc. in 1958. He would remain at the company until 1989 and was Chief Financial Officer.

Steinberg died suddenly in Montreal, Quebec from a heart attack on December 11, 2015 at the age of 82.

References

1933 births
2015 deaths
Canadian businesspeople
Canadian Jews
Academics of McGill University
Harvard University alumni
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish philanthropists
The Metropolitan Community Church (MCC) is an international Protestant Christian denomination. It is based in Los Angeles, California. It has 222 member congregations in 37 countries. It has a specific outreach to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender families and communities. The MCC has property worth $50 million. It has 40,000 members. They want to double in size in the next ten years. They also want acceptance by other Christian organizations. The MCC currently has "Official Observer" status with the World Council of Churches. MCC supports same-sex marriage. The MCC has been denied membership in the US National Council of Churches. Many local MCC congregations are members of local ecumenical partnerships around the world. MCC also belongs to several statewide councils of churches in the United States.

References

Christian organizations based in the United States
Protestantism
Los Angeles
Deschooling is a word that was first used by Ivan Illich (Austrian philosopher, 1926–2002). Many homeschoolers use the word to describe the process that children go through when they left the school system to start homeschooling. It is an important process for homeschooling, in which children should prepare for their first homeschool days. Some children need more time to go through it than others. Families do this normally because many things in homechooling are different from the public school system.

References

Other websites 
 Deschooling: How Long Does it Take?
 Deschooling on www.homeschool.com
 How to Transition from Public School to Homeschool on Wikihow

Education
Unschooling is a special form of homeschooling. In this form of education, learners choose activities as their medium for learning. It is not as known as traditional homeschooling, but is becoming more known.

Motivations 
Many persons decide to do unschooling because it makes it possible to learn through natural life experiences, or they do not like the concept of schooling and think that they can learn better by doing other activities.

Branches 
There are different branches of unschooling. Here are some examples:
Worldschooling: Learners travel around the world and learn through experiencing other places, people, cultures, and typical activities of these locations.
Project-based unschooling: Learners choose a project that interests them and do it in their own time and learn things about it and related topics.
Gameschooling: Learners play varios games like board and card games with and against others. Learners can develop social skills such as interpersonal communication, negotiation, persuasion, diplomacy, and moral character.

Criticism 
Critics of unschooling think that children will lack the social skills, structure, and motivation of their schooled peers, while other think that the opposite is true.

References

Related pages 
Deschooling

Education
John Charles Bannon  (7 May 1943 – 13 December 2015) was an Australian politician for the Labor Party. He was the 39th Premier of South Australia from 10 November 1982 until 4 September 1992. He was born in Bendigo, Victoria and grew up in Adelaide, South Australia.

Bannon died from cancer on 13 December 2015 in Adelaide, aged 72.

References

Other websites
 Parliament Profile 

1943 births
2015 deaths
Australian Labor Party politicians
Cancer deaths in Australia
People from Adelaide
Politicians from South Australia
Politicians from Melbourne
Premiers of South Australia
Abu Ali al-Anbari (; born 1957/1959 - died 12 December 2015) was an Iraqi government official. He was the nom de guerre for the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) governor for territories held by the organization in Syria. He was thought to be the second-in-command (along with his counterpart Abu Muslim al-Turkmani (KIA) who held a similar position in Iraq).

Career 
He plays a political role of overseeing the local councils and acts as a kind of political envoy. His military role includes directing operations against both other Syrian rebels who oppose President Bashar al-Assad's government and the Syrian government itself.

In November 2015, the New York Times reported that al-Anbari had recently arrived in Libya by boat, where the group has established a powerful branch centered in the city of Sirte. On December 12, 2015 al-Anbari was killed in an airstrike by the Iraqi army.

References

1950s births
2015 deaths
Deaths by airstrike
Iraqi military people
Iraqi politicians
Islamic State people
Benedict Richard O'Gorman Anderson  (August 26, 1936 – December 13, 2015) was an American academic and writer. He was a polyglot.He was the Aaron L. Binenkorb Professor Emeritus of International Studies, Government & Asian Studies at Cornell University. He was best known for his book Imagined Communities, first published in 1983. He worked on the "Cornell Paper." That report showed that the official story of Indonesia's 30 September Movement and the Indonesian killings of 1965–66 was not true. Indonesia forced him to leave that country.

Personal life
Anderson was born in Kunming, China, to James O'Gorman Anderson and Veronica Beatrice Bigham. In 1941 the family moved to California. In 1957, Anderson received a Bachelor of Arts in Classics from Cambridge University, and he later earned a Ph.D. from Cornell's Department of Government, where he studied modern Indonesia under the guidance of George Kahin. He was the brother of historian Perry Anderson.
Anderson died in Batu, Malang, in his sleep of heart failure on December 13, 2015 at the age of 79.

References

Other websites
A short biography
"The Nation as Imagined Community"  An excerpt from Imagined Communities

1936 births
2015 deaths
Cornell University faculty
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Writers from California
Juan Ponce de León (1460-1521) was a Spanish nobleman, explorer and colonial governor. Looking for gold and a rumored "Fountain of Youth, he landed on the southeast coast of North America near present-day St. Augustine, Florida. He claimed the lands for Spain and named it La Florida (place of flowers). In 1521, on his second trip to Florida, he was wounded in an attack. The expedition returned to Cuba where he died in July 1521 from his wound.

Early life 
Ponce de León was born in 1460 in Santervás de Campos, Spain. He was born into a poor but noble family. His parents may have died while he was still young. He was sent to the estate of Pedro Núñez de Guzmán, Lord of Toral, to serve as a page. He became a soldier and fought against the Moors in Granada. He was probably with Christopher Columbus on his second voyage.
He eventually became a soldier and fought against the Moors in Granada. Like other conquistadores, Ponce de León soon sought fame and fortune through exploration, and it is believed he began his quest as part of Christopher Columbus's second expedition in 1493.

Hispaniola 
Some ten years later he was a Captain under Nicolás de Ovando, the governor of the island of Hispaniola. Ponce de León put down a mutiny and was made governor of the eastern province of Hispaniola. Ponce de León received a substantial land grant which authorized sufficient Taino slave labor to farm his new estate.

Ponce de León prospered in this new role. He found a ready market for his farm produce and livestock at nearby Boca de Yuma. This was where Spanish ships stocked supplies before the long voyage back to Spain. In 1505 Ovando authorized Ponce de León to establish a new town in Higüey, which he named Salvaleón. In 1508 King Ferdinand authorized Ponce de León to conquer the remaining Tainos and exploit them in gold mining.
Around this time, Ponce de León married Leonora, an innkeeper's daughter. They had three daughters (Juana, Isabel and Maria) and one son (Luis). The large stone house Ponce de León ordered built for his growing family still stands today near the city of Salvaleón de Higüey.

Puerto Rico and Bimini 
In 1508 Ponce de León led an expedition to what is now Puerto Rico. They searched for and found gold. After founding a colony there he was appointed governor.

Florida

First expedition 
In 1513, with three ships, Ponce de León led an expedition to discover what is now the east coast of Florida. According to tradition, he landed at or near St. Augustine, Florida. He named the place La Florida. This is most probably because he landed during the Spanish Easter celebration called Pascua Florida. After exploring the coast further, they returned to Puerto Rico.
Second expedition 
Ponce de León returned in 1521 with 200 settlers. They brought cattle, horses, and what they needed to farm the land. As they were building the settlement they were attacked by local Indians. In the fighting Ponce de León received a mortal wound, possibly by a poisoned arrow. The party returned to Cuba where Ponce de León died. He was buried in what is now San Juan before the alter of the Dominican church. His remains were later moved to San Juan cathedral.
Fountain of youth 
The story of a fountain of youth goes back many centuries. Herodotus (425 – 484 BC) talked about a group he called the Macrobians who lived somewhere in modern day Ethiopia. He said they remained youthful, were physically strong and lived a long time. Calling it a fountain of youth came much later. The stories of Ponce de León and his search for a fountain of youth developed after his death. There is no mention of such a goal in any of his orders. In 1535 the Spanish historian Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés first stated Ponce de León was searching for a fountain of youth.  The legend was repeated by later writers and embellished.

References 

Spanish explorers
History of Florida
Rowan University is a public university in Glassboro, New Jersey, United States.  The school also has a campus in Camden, New Jersey. The school opened in 1923 as Glassboro Normal School on a twenty-five acre site donated by the town. The school became New Jersey State Teachers College at Glassboro in the 1930s.  Then it became Glassboro State College in 1958. Starting in the 1970s, it added programs in business, communications, and engineering.
It was renamed Rowan College of New Jersey in 1992, after Henry Rowan and his wife Betty gave the school $100 million.  At the time, the gift was largest ever given to a public college. It became Rowan University on March 21, 1997, when it won approval for university status from the New Jersey Commission on Higher Education. In the fall of 2012, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University opened in Camden.  It was the first public medical school in New Jersey not associated with the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. It later took over the School of Osteopathic Medicine on July 1, 2013.  It became the second university in the United States to offer both an M.D. and a D.O. program.

References

Other websites
 Official website
 Official athletics website

Colleges and universities in New Jersey
1923 establishments in the United States
1920s establishments in New Jersey
A training corset is a corset used for doing body modification (changing the body). It may be used for orthopedic reasons (such as to correct a crooked spine) or for cosmetic reasons (to achieve a smaller waistline which is commonly called waist training).

The term "training corset" is also sometimes used for BDSM corsets used for discipline.

Related pages
 Corset

Sources

Underwear