Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Videos
Videos provides behind the scenes looks at many of the shows, as well as previews for upcoming episodes. Although the videos are usually fairly short, consisting around a three minutes long, they provide fans with small bits of special information that most viewers want to see.

Blogs
The blogs consists of short stories about certain episodes for different shows. These blogs, are all made by AMC editors, and usually don't contain any useful information about new shows or episodes. This feature is the least used, and the least updated.

Games
The category of games, is filled with trivia questions for selected shows, having the only possibilities being getting the answer right, getting it wrong, and running out of time on the timer. Recently, trivia questions for movies have been added in this category along with the television shows.

References
amctv.com
AMCNetworks.com

American television channels
Cable television
1984 establishments in the United States
Bryan Christopher Williams, better known by his stage name Birdman (formerly Baby), is an American rapper and record executive. He is the co-founder of Cash Money Records with his brother. In 1997, he became part of a rap duo called Big Tymers. He was the mentor and father figure of Lil Wayne and is currently one of the richest rappers in the United States. Birdman has a reported net worth of $160 million in 2014.

Discography

Solo albums
Singles 
2001: Do That (featuring P. Diddy, Mannie Fresh and Tateeze)
2002: What Happened to That Boy (featuring Clipse)
2002: Baby You Can Do It (featuring Toni Braxton)
2004: Shine On (featuring Lil Wayne)
2004: Neck of the Woods (featuring Lil Wayne)
2007: Pop Bottles (featuring Lil Wayne and Jadakiss)
2007: 100 Million (featuring Rick Ross, Dre’, Young Jeezy and Lil Wayne)
2008: I Run This (featuring Lil Wayne)
2009: Always Strapped (featuring Lil Wayne and Mack Maine)
2009: Written on Her (featuring Jay Sean)
2009: Money to Blow (featuring Drake and Lil Wayne)
2009: 4 My Town (Play Ball) (featuring Drake and Lil Wayne)
2010: Loyalty (featuring Tyga and Lil Wayne)
2010: Fire Flame (featuring Lil Wayne)
2011: I Get Money (featuring Mack Maine and Lil Wayne)
2011: Y.U.Mad (featuring Nicki Minaj and Lil Wayne)
2012: B-Boyz (featuring Kendrick Lamar, Ace Hood, Mack Maine and DJ Khaled)
2012: Born Stunna (featuring Rick Ross)
2012: Dark Shades (featuring Lil Wayne and Mack Maine)
2012: "Shout Out" (featuring French Montana and Gudda Gudda)
References

Other websites
 
 

1969 births
Living people
20th-century American rappers
21st-century American musicians
Rappers from Louisiana
Musicians from New Orleans
The Division of Lyne is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It was set up in 1949, and named for Sir William Lyne, Premier of New South Wales at the time of Federation and a minister in early Australian governments. Lyne was asked by the first Governor-General, Lord Hopetoun to form the first Federal Government. Lyne did not have the support of other politicians, and so Edmund Barton became the first Prime Minister of Australia.

The division is on the Mid North Coast of New South Wales. It includes Taree, Wauchope, Laurieton, Wingham, Gloucester and parts of Kempsey.

Members

Mark Vaile was the leader of the National Party, and Deputy Prime Minister. He retired in July 2008 which caused a by-election. Independent politician Rob Oakeshott won the seat, and after the 2010 election was one of the independents who supported a minority Labor government led by Julia Gillard. Oakeshott retired at the 2013 election.

Election results

References
References

Other websites
Division of Lyne - Australian Electoral Commission

Electoral divisions of Australia
New South Wales
1949 establishments in Australia
Third Power is a album by DJ Drama. Its lead single is "Oh My." The song features Wiz Khalifa, Fabolous and Roscoe Dash.

2011 albums
Rap music
Hip hop albums
Kim Bum-Soo (; born January 26, 1979) is a South Korean R&B and soul singer. His first successful song was "One Day", released in early 2000. He became most famous for his song "I Want to See", which was used on the soundtrack of the drama Stairway to Heaven. He performed in the television program I Am a Singer in 2010.

Biography 
When Kim was young, he sung in a church choir in Seoul. He wanted to become a Christian music singer. He went to Soongsil University. He was allowed in because they had a shortage of students. It was disappointing for him enter like that, but he trained a lot to win a scholarship. He wanted a scholarship because his family was having difficulties with money. After he failed to get the scholarship, a singer named Park Sun-Joo began training Kim to sing. By chance he was signed to an agency, and he recorded part of a new song by R.ef, which was a famous rave music group in those days.
Kim released his first album, A Promise. However, after he appeared on a television program, his sales decreased because his appearance did not satisfy the public's expectations. His agency decided to promote him as a "faceless" singer instead. His songs were broadcast through radio and television again, but his name and appearance was never known to people.
After the success of the song "I Want to See", Kim wanted to appear on television again. He made his agency allow him once more to be broadcast. He appeared on a show called Love Letter. He received good comments from the public. His song "I Want to See" was selected to be on the soundtrack of the drama Stairway to Heaven. Kim has remained best known for this song. His later albums were not very successful. He served his military service from 2006 to 2008. After he was discharged from the army he released his sixth album, The Practical Usage of Sadness. His seventh album, Solista, was an ambitious work. The first part was released in 2010, but was not successful.
His appearance on the television show I Am a Singer was a turning point of his career. He became recognized again thanks to the popularity of the program. His song "Please Come Back", which was originally by Lee So-ra, maintained the first position in several websites for a month. Kim released his second part of Solista in 2011. It was popular, and Kim held several concerts to promote it.

Albums 
 A Promise... (1999)
 Remember (2000)
 I want to see (2002)
 The 4th Episode (2004)
 Remember Kim Bum Soo & So Long (2006)
 Kim Bum Soo 6th, The Practical Usage of Sadness (2008)
 Solista (2010 and 2011)

Awards

Mnet Asian Music Awards

References

Other websites
Official website

South Korean singers
1979 births
Living people
R&B musicians
K-pop singers
The Kalinga War fought between the Mauryan Empire and the state of Kalinga, an important kingdom that controlled the trade routes with Southeast Asia. Ashoka, the Mauryan king, wanted to capture Kalinga and so his huge army went 
there in 262 BC.

According to Megasthenes, the Greek historian at the court of Chandragupta Maurya, the ruler of Kalinga had a powerful army comprising infantry, cavalry and elephants. After the year, 150,000 men and women were deported from Kalinga and forced to work in clearing the wasteland for future settlements, and they were forbidden from ever returning to their old homeland. The descendants of the Kalinga people migrated later to Sindh. From there, they migrated to Persia, Mesopotamia, Egypt and Europe. Their descendants might be the Roma of Europe.
Although he won the war, Ashoka realized the futility of war. He saw the bloodshed and suffering of the soldiers' families and vowed never to fight again. He converted to Buddhism and he dedicated his later life to help his subjects. He stopped conquering after he won a war. He wrote inscriptions for wanting that his son and grandson also never to think about war. He decided to observe Dhamma, a common code of conduct and was also inspired by the teachings of Buddha. He sent many Buddhist scholars to distant lands to propagate Dharma. It is said that one lakh people died in this war. Many pillar and rock edicts were written on the guilt that he felt after seeing the bloodshed.
                                  
For the last 30 years of his life, there were no more wars. He gave up the policy of DIGVIJAY (conquest of territories) and adopted DHARMAVIJAY(conquest by dharma). It is said Ashoka became a follower of Buddhism under the influence of Upagupta, a Buddhist teacher. 
Wars involving Asia
260s BC
260s BC
Ancient India
Stereotype threat is the risk of confirming a negative stereotype about a group to which one belongs. Claude Steele introduced this idea in 1995. Stereotype threat may reduce the performance of people who belong to a negatively stereotyped group.

Steele and Aronson

Claude Steele and Joshua Aronson did research for this theory of social psychology. They had African-American and European-American college students take a difficult verbal portion of the Graduate Record Examination. The design was a 2x3 factorial. The factors were the race of the participant (black or white)and the test description (diagnostic of intelligence, non diagnostic, or non diagnostic and challenging). Performance on the test was the dependent variable. 117 male and female participants were recruited from Stanford University. After comparing the results of the three groups, it was found that the differences were not very significant. However, in their second study results were significant.

Supporting studies
Supporting studies

A study on chess players shows that if females are made aware of the stereotype that females are worse at chess than males, they perform worse than the controls. Stone, Lynch, Sjomeling, & Darley did experiments in which white men performed poorly in sports if they are put in the condition that described the task as reflecting natural athletic ability compared to African-Americans. The African-Americans performed worse when the task was described as involving intelligence of the sport.
Yeung & von Hippel did an experiment in which two groups of women went through a driving simulation. They told the women in the stereotype threat group that they were investigating why men were better drivers than women. That group twice more likely than the control to hit a pedestrian jaywalker.

Effects 

Stereotype lift can increase a person's performance on a task when he/she is exposed to a negative stereotype of a group to which he/she does not belong.
Stereotype boost can increase an individual's performance on a task when he/she is exposed to a positive stereotype about his/her group.

Stereotype threat can have a bad effect on people. It has a negative effect on performance. It can also cause individuals to distance themselves from the stereotyped group to which they belonged, or lead them to dis-identify with the group that they experience stereotype threat. For example, a woman sees herself as "not a math person".

A simple way to stop these negative consequences is to tell people about stereotype threat.

References

Human behavior
Sociology
Psychology
Hierarchy needs levels (pyramid)  
The levels are in order of importance.
 Basic needs.  These include things such as breathing, food, water, and sleep.
Safety needs. This includes things such as feeling physically safe in your environment. It includes feeling healthy. It includes feeling that you have enough money and supplies to keep you alive and well. 
Social belonging. People need to feel love, and they need to feel that they belong in society. Partners could include husbands, wives, girlfriends, boyfriends, or other spouses.
Self-esteem. To have esteem, you need to be confident in yourself.  Also, you feel like others think that you are important. 
Self-actualization. This complicated idea is expressed as “What a man can be, he must be”. This level is about a person having the opportunity to use their talent, and a chance to go where those talents might lead.
Transcendence. Giving oneself to something beyond oneself—for example, in altruism or spirituality. This was a later addition to his ideas.
Maslow says that these needs cause us to want or desire certain things. He says that there are many other things that influence our behavior. Just because we may want something, does not mean we will try to get it. There could be something else in the way that causes us to act differently.

Physiological Needs 
The physiological level of Maslow's hierarchy includes basic human needs. These include water, breathing, food, and sleep. The physiological level contains the simplest needs. They are the most straightforward needs in the entire hierarchy. The human body tries to stay balanced inside. When a person is missing a physiological need, the body will naturally want the missing need.
Safety Needs 
The safety level of Maslow's hierarchy includes varying levels of safety. These include safety of the self, family, resources, jobs, health, and life. Both children and adults are very aware of their safety needs. Needs of safety are just as important as physiological needs. However, these needs deal more with the mind. They include having a sense of safety in the world. Every person’s sense of safety is different depending where they live.

Adults, much like children, prefer the world to be organized. This ensures a level of safety. However, some adults are too focused on organization. People may also attempt to control the world around them in all ways possible. Adults may have their safety needs met in a different way than children. Adults can feel that the money they earn from their job allows them to feel safe. This is because there is no need for financial worry when earning a steady income.
Love and belonging (social needs) 
The love/belonging level of Maslow's hierarchy deals with various social needs. These include a need for friendship, family, and other types of group inclusion. Love/belonging also refers to personal relationships. These include romantic relationships. It is crucial that the physiological and safety needs of a person are met first. Then they can develop needs of love and belonging. Once basic needs are met, then a person can focus on their social needs. These needs change throughout the human lifespan. 

If belonging needs are not met then a person may feel depressed. The field of psychology focuses on this level of the hierarchy. In modern society, many people suffer because their needs of love and belonging are not met. This level also deals with sexual and intimate needs. Sex may or may not be part of this level of need. It can be considered necessary for love. Or it can be looked at as strictly physiological.
Esteem Needs 
The esteem level is about how people need to feel that they play a part in the world. People want to feel that they have accomplished things that are valuable and important. They also want to feel independent, meaning that they can do things for themselves and do not need to depend on anybody else.

Self-actualization Needs 
We cannot be truly happy without becoming everything that we want to become. People have different things that they might want in their life that go along with this level. These needs do not show themselves until all of the needs in previous levels have been taken care of. For example, if a person is worrying about feeding themselves and needs to think about their physiological needs, then they will not be thinking about self-actualization and their life goals. Making sure they have food and a home is more important. Someone only reaches the self-actualization level once all the other levels are fulfilled.
Exceptions 
Maslow explains that there are exceptions to the hierarchy. The most important are:
One exception is that for some people, self-esteem is more important than love and belonging. This is the switch that happens most often. It happens because some people think that having self-esteem makes you strong, powerful, and respected. They also think that other people are more likely to love someone that has those qualities.
The second exception is people who are naturally very creative. Some people value creativity over everything else. Expressing your creativity would usually fall into the self-actualization level, which is the last level on the hierarchy. This means that all of the other basic needs should be met before people think about expressing their creativity. But for some people, creativity is very important and that is what they will desire, even if their needs on the lower level are not met.
The third exception is for people who have lived their whole life worrying about the basic needs. If you are going to be worried about having enough food and shelter, then the higher levels (such as esteem and self-actualization) will disappear.
The fourth exception is about psychopaths. Maslow describes these  as people that were not given enough love when they were babies in the first few months of life. When this happens, a person could lose the desire for love altogether and not think that it is important anymore. Psychopaths cannot give or receive love and have lost the ability to feel it. For this type of people, the love and belonging level would not exist.
Criticism 
Maslow’s hierarchy suggests that all human behavior is motivated. However, this may not be true. Some human behavior may simply be reflexive. Maslow holds a biased opinion on the definition of self-actualization. Each individual may have a different opinion of what it means to self-actualize. Maslow believed that people who self-actualized had great characteristics. He believed these made them natural leaders and incredible people. This makes the goal of self-actualization nearly impossible for the average person. Maslow’s theory states that lower level needs must be met in order to meet needs in the higher levels.
However, this is not always the case. It is possible for people who suffer from poverty and hunger to still feel love and belonging. Therefore, higher level needs can be met in some cases even if lower levels needs are neglected. Some theorists argue that the levels of the hierarchy are out of order in terms of necessity. Some needs that are higher in the hierarchy may actually appear and become important early in an infant or child’s life. Maslow’s hierarchy is hard to prove scientifically. It cannot be proved false easily. There may not be enough hard, scientific evidence to fully support Maslow’s hierarchy.

Evidence 
An extensive review of research based on Maslow's theory found little evidence for the ranking of needs that Maslow described, or for the existence of a definite hierarchy at all.

The order in which the hierarchy is arranged has been criticized as being ethnocentric. In turn, Hofstede's work has been criticized by others.
Maslow's hierarchy does not tackle the difference between the social and intellectual needs of those raised in individualistic societies and those raised in collectivist societies. 

The needs and drives of those in individualistic societies may be more self-centered than those in collectivist societies. They may focus on improving themselves. In collectivist societies, the needs of acceptance and community may outweigh the needs for freedom and individuality.

References 

 A Theory of Human Motivation. In Psychological Review. 1943, Vol. 50 #4, pages 370–396; A Theory of Human Motivation – online version at the University of York.

Maslow was 5'10
Psychology
Cyclone Bodil (also Cyclone Xaver) was a winter storm that affected Western Europe. This storm brought intense snowfall and strong wind to Sweden and the United Kingdom. Belgium, Germany, The Netherlands, Denmark and Poland also suffered from strong winds and downpours. Several people died. Most of them in Sweden.

References

2013 in the United Kingdom
2013 in Europe
2013 in weather
2013 in Sweden
2010s in Belgium
2013 in Germany
2010s in the Netherlands
2010s in Denmark
21st century in Poland
The Vitruvian Man, known in Italian as L'uomo vitruviano, is a drawing made by Leonardo da Vinci in about 1490. Around the drawing are notes based on the work of the architect Vitruvius. Its original name was Le proporzioni del corpo umano secondo Vitruvio - this means "The proportions of the human body according to Vitruvius".click here to watch video explaining this topic

The drawing is done in pen and ink on paper. It is of a male figure standing in two positions, that are superimposed (drawn over the top of each other). The figure's arms and legs are drawn in two different positions, while the rest of the body stays in one position. The figure is drawn standing inside both a circle and a square.

The drawing and text are sometimes called the Canon of Proportions or, less often, Proportions of Man. It is stored in the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice, Italy. It is displayed only occasionally.
The drawing is based on the ideal proportions of a man's body, and how this relates to geometry. This relationship was described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise De architectura. Vitruvius wrote the human figure was the main source of proportion among the Classical orders of architecture. He wrote that the ideal body should be eight heads tall. Da Vinci's drawing is traditionally named in honour of the architect.

References

Other websites

 Willamette University site on Vitruvian Man
 Stanford University site on Vitruvian Man
 Leonardo's Vitruvian Man

1490
15th-century works
Geometry
WWE SmackDown! Here Comes the Pain is a professional wrestling video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ. The game was known as Exciting Pro Wrestling 5 in Japan.

It was released on October 27, 2003 in North America, November 7, 2003 in Europe and on January 29, 2004 in Japan. The game was the first in the WWE SmackDown! video game series and is the sequel to WWE SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth. It was the last game under the SmackDown! title and was followed by WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 9.1 out of 10 and said "One of the best wrestling games we've ever played...With its ultra-improved gameplay mechanics, enhanced visual engine, smarter career mode, and established create-a-character feature, Yuke's and THQ are definitely the track to success.”

GameSpot gave the game a 9 out of 10 and stated "What the game lacks in innovation, however, is more than made up for in sheer playability."
The game was nominated in the "Sports Game" category at the 1st British Academy Video Games Awards. It was also nominated for "Best Sports Game" and won "Best Fighting Game" at the 2003 Spike Video Game Awards.

References

2003 video games
PlayStation 2-only games
SmackDown! Here Comes the Pain
Mary Lambert (born May 3, 1989) is an American singer and songwriter. She is best known for singing on the rapper Macklemore's single "Same Love" from 2012. It sold over 2 million copies in the United States.

Early life
Lambert was born in Everett, Washington. When she was 17 she came out as a lesbian. She moved to Seattle in 2007. She lives there with her girlfriend Rachel.

Career
Lambert released her first extended play Letters Don't Talk on July 17, 2012. The next day "Same Love" was released as a single from Macklemore and Ryan Lewis' album The Heist. Lambert sung on it and helped write the song. The single reached number one in Australia and New Zealand.

In January 2013, her first book of poetry, 500 tips for fat girls, was published.

In May 2013, she sang "Same Love" on The Colbert Report.

Lambert released the video for her single "She Keeps Me Warm" in August 2013. Lambert's second extended play, Welcome to the Age of My Body, was released on December 17, 2013.
She will release her first album in 2014. She was nominated for two awards at the 2014 Grammys. Lambert performed "Same Love" at the ceremony.

References

1989 births
American singer-songwriters
LGBT musicians
Living people
People from Everett, Washington
Solomon Eliot Asch (September 14, 1907 – February 20, 1996) was a Polish and American Gestalt psychologist.

Early life
Asch was born in Warsaw, the capital of Poland, to a Jewish family that considered themselves Polish. He grew up in a small town called Łowicz. In 1920, Asch and his family moved to the United States. They lived on the Lower East Side of New York. He did not speak English well, so he found school difficult. He learned English by reading Charles Dickens. Asch got his degree from the College of the City of New York in 1928. In 1930, he married Florence Miller.
Career
In the 1930s, Asch started to do research. In 1951, Asch did an experiment that is known as the Asch Experiment. Asch's experiment tested how much humans are influenced by other people's opinions. A textbook that Asch wrote, Social Psychology, was published in 1952. In 1966 Asch started the Institute for Cognitive Studies at Rutgers University. In 1972 he moved to the University of Pennsylvania. He stayed there as a professor of psychology until he retired in 1979. He started all of this research because he thought that there was a problem with the Sherif's conformity test.

References

1907 births
1996 deaths
American psychologists
American Jews
Polish psychologists
Polish Jews
Beach House is a pair of dream pop musicians from Baltimore. The band started in 2004. Victoria Legrand sings their songs and plays keyboards. Alex Scally plays guitar and plays keyboards. Beach House have released four albums.

History
They made their first album in two days. Carpark Records released Beach House's first album, Beach House, in 2006. 

Devotion was released in 2008. 

In January 2010 Subpop Records released Beach House's third album Teen Dream.

Beach House performed as an opening act for Vampire Weekend in August 2010. 

In 2012 Bloom was released. It went straight to number seven in the Billboard 200. 

The band released a short film called Forever Still on February 4, 2013.

In January 2014 Beach House performed Gene Clark's 1974 album No Other with Robin Pecknold, Daniel Rossen, Hamilton Leithauser, Iain Matthews, and Jess Wasner in the United States.

On April 19 2014 Space Project, an album with a song by Beach House on it, will be released for Record Store Day.

References
References

Other websites
Official website

2004 establishments in the United States
Musical groups from Maryland
Indie rock bands
21st-century establishments in Maryland
Alloy wheels are automobile wheels that are made of an aluminum alloy instead of steel. Most new cars have alloy wheels, either as standard equipment or as an option. Older buses and large trucks almost never have alloy wheels, but they have recently become an option on newer models. The first alloy wheels were made of magnesium alloys, but these are no longer made because the magnesium alloys were too weak and would eventually crack.

Auto parts
Harold Eugene "Gene" Clark (November 17, 1944 – May 24, 1991) was an American singer and songwriter. He started the folk rock band The Byrds in 1964. He wrote lots of The Byrds' most well known songs. They were very popular. In 1967 he released his first solo album, Gene Clark with the Gosdin Brothers. It was not successful. However he went on to make several more solo albums.

Early life
Gene Clark was born in Tipton, Missouri. He was the third of thirteen children. He started writing songs when he was 11.,
Career
In 1964 Clark started The Byrds with Jim McGuinn and David Crosby. Clark was the singer. Clark released his first album with The Byrds, Mr Tambourine Man, in 1965. In 1966 Clark left the band. He joined the band again in 1967. He left after three weeks. In 1968 Clark released his first album with Doug Dillard, The Fantastic Expedition of Dillard & Clark. Dillard & Clark released their second album, Through the Morning, Through the Night in 1969. In 1974 Clark's fourth album No Other was released. It got bad reviews. Clark released an album with Carla Onson in 1987 called So Rebellious a Lover. It was his last studio album.

Death
Clark died on May 24, 1991. He was 46. He died because of a bleeding ulcer that he had.

References

1944 births
1991 deaths
American singer-songwriters
Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi (born Cairo, 19 November 1954) has been the President of Egypt since June 2014. el-Sisi was Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt from 16 July 2013 - 26 March 2014. He was Minister of Defence from 12 August 2012 until 26 March 2014 when he retired from the Army. el-Sisi ran for President in May 2014, and won against Hamdeen Sabahi. He has supported fighting radical Islam while President. He is also well known for negotiating a ceasefire between Israel and Palestine.

el-Sisi graduated from the Egyptian Military Academy in 1977 with a diploma in military sciences and was an Army officer for more than 30 years. He is married to Entissar Amer.

el-Sisi was appointed defense minister by Mohamed Morsi in 2012. After Morsi began to crack down on opposition in Egypt, protests broke out. In 2013, with the support of the military and el-Sisi, Morsi was ousted in Egypt's second revolution in three years.
He was voted TIME Magazine's Person of the Year in 2013 by the public, but lost to Pope Francis for the official title.

In 2019 and 2020, el-Sisi was the Chairperson of the African Union.

References

1954 births
Living people
Egyptian generals
Egyptian Muslims
Politicians from Cairo
Presidents of Egypt
Dictators
African Union chairpersons
The Pfalz D.III is a biplane fighter aircraft. It was flown during World War I. It was a single-engine aircraft. It was very fast when diving. The Pfalz D.III was often used to attack observation balloons.

German military aircraft
World War I aircraft
HAIM (which is said like 'time' with a 'h' instead of a 't') is an American indie pop band. The members are sisters Alana, Danielle, and Este. They released their first album Days Are Gone on September 27 2013. The British newspaper The Guardian put the album at number twelve on their list of 2013's 40 best albums. They are often compared to Fleetwood Mac.

Career
The sisters grew up in the San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles. In 2006 they started HAIM. For the next five years the band performed where they lived. On February 10, 2012 HAIM released their first EP Forever. It was on their website to download for free for a short amount of time. 

In January 2013 HAIM won BBC's Sound of 2013 poll.

On September 22, 2013 HAIM released their fourth single from their album Days Are Gone, "The Wire". It reached number sixteen in the UK Singles Chart. It was their highest charting single in the UK yet.

On November 23 2013 HAIM performed their singles "The Wire" and "Don't Save Me" on Saturday Night Live.
Albums 
 Days Are Gone (2013)
 Something to Tell You (2017)
 Women in Music Pt. III (2020)

References

Other websites
Official website

2006 establishments in the United States
American pop music groups
Indie bands
Martel is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.

The town has a distinctive sky-line with medieval towers. There is a museum containing items from Puy d'Issolud, a local Gallic archaeological site which has been identified as Uxellodunum, besieged by Julius Caesar in 51 BC.

Henry the Young King died here in 1183.

Related pages
Communes of the Lot department

References

Communes in Lot
Rebirth is a studio album by Lil Wayne. It is his debut rap rock album. It was supported by the songs: "Prom Queen", "Knockout" (featuring Nicki Minaj), and "Drop The World" (featuring Eminem).

2010 albums
Lil Wayne albums
Rap music
"Swim Good" is a song by Frank Ocean. It is from his mixtape Nostalgia,  Ultra. It is about a man who kills himself because of heartache. Frank Ocean references "808s & Heartbreak" by Kanye West.

2011 songs
Suicide
Jane Loretta Anne Goldman (born 11 June 1970) is an English screenwriter and television producer. She was born in Hammersmith, west London. She wrote the screenplay for the 2012 movie The Woman in Black. She married Jonathan Ross in 1988. She has two daughters and a son with him. She lives with Ross in Hampstead Garden Suburb. She produces The Big Fat Quiz of the Year.

Other websites

References

1970 births
Living people
English television producers
Screenwriters from London
"Novacane" is a song by Frank Ocean. It is from his mixtape Nostalgia, Ultra. It is about a girl who works as a dentist and pornstar to get money for drugs. It is Ocean's first single. It is a PBR&B, neo soul, and alternative hip hop song.

2011 songs
Songs about drugs
WWE SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth is a professional wrestling video game developed by Yuke's and published by THQ. The game was known as Exciting Pro Wrestling 4 in Japan. The Japanese version was published by Yuke's.

It was released on October 31, 2002 in North America, November 15, 2002 in Europe and on February 6, 2003 in Japan. The game was the first under the WWE name and is the sequel to WWF SmackDown! Just Bring It.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 8.2 out of 10 and said "This is the first time there hasn't been an obvious, glaring problem with the series' gameplay, which is cause for some kind of celebration.”

GameSpot gave the game a 8.9 out of 10 and stated "The gameplay still might be a little too fast-paced for some, but Shut Your Mouth tries to balance it with a more useful grappling, submission, and counter system."

References

2002 video games
PlayStation 2-only games
SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth
"Thinkin Bout You" is a ballad by Frank Ocean. It is from his debut album Channel Orange. The song is a torch song. It is dedicated to his male lover. Although the song was very successful worldwide it was still very personal to Ocean. The song was originally supposed to be from Shea Taylor for her EP, but ended up being Frank Ocean's song.

2012 songs
R&B songs
Rhythm and blues ballads
LGBT songs
Torch songs
Kamala Devi Harris (born October 20, 1964) is an American politician and lawyer. She is the 49th and current vice president of the United States, being the first female ever elected to this office. She served as a United States senator from California from 2017 until 2021. Before she took the position of senator, Harris was the attorney general of California from 2011 to 2017.

On January 21, 2019, Harris announced her candidacy for President of the United States in the 2020 election. She ended her campaign on December 3, 2019. After Joe Biden won the nomination, he picked Harris as his running mate for Vice President. They won the election on November 7 and were inaugurated on January 20, 2021. This made Harris the highest ranking elected woman in American history. Harris is also the first Asian and African American vice-president.
Early life 
Harris was born at Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center in Oakland, California. She is Tamil Indian American and Jamaican American. Her parents are Shyamala Gopalan Harris (Chennai-born native Tamilian) and Donald Harris. Both Shyamala and Donald Harris studied at the University of California, Berkeley. Harris' parents divorced in 1971. In 1976, Harris moved to Canada with her mother and sister. Harris went to college at Howard University in 1986 and got a degree in political science.

Career
In 1989, Harris became a lawyer after studying at Hastings College of Law at the University of California. She worked in the office of the District Attorney of Alameda in 1990. In 1998, Harris left to work for the District Attorney’s office in San Francisco. In 2003, Harris became the District Attorney of San Francisco.

She worked as the Attorney General of California until 2017 when she became a senator for California.
2016 Senate run 
At the start of 2016, Harris said that she would attempt to become senator after Barbara Boxer said that she would not work as a senator for the next term. Harris won the position in 2016 and became a senator on January 3, 2017.

2020 presidential campaign

On January 21, 2019, she officially announced her campaign for President of the United States in the 2020 United States presidential election. After months of falling polling numbers and low campaign money raised, she ended her campaign on December 3, 2019.

On August 11, 2020, Biden picked Harris as his running mate. On November 7, the Biden-Harris ticket beat the Trump-Pence ticket making her the vice president-elect.

Vice president
Vice president

After the election of Joe Biden as U.S. president in the 2020 election, Harris became Vice President of the United States on January 20, 2021. She is the United States' first female vice president, the highest-ranking female elected official in U.S. history, and the first African-American and first Asian-American vice president. She is also the second person of color to hold the post. The first was Charles Curtis, who was a Native American and member of the Kaw Nation.

Harris cast her first of two tie-breaking votes on February 5, 2021. In February and March, Harris' tie-breaking votes in her role as President of the Senate were needed to pass the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 stimulus package proposed by President Biden because no Republicans in the Senate voted for the package.
In April 2021, Harris said that she was the last person in the room before President Biden decided to remove all U.S. troops from Afghanistan and commented  that the president was brave for making this "difficult decision".

Biden put Harris in charge of immigration. Harris visited Guatemala and Mexico to see why there was an increase in immigration, mainly from Central America to the United States. During her visit, she said "I want to be clear to folks in the region who are thinking about making that dangerous trek to the United States-Mexico border: Do not come. Do not come".

On November 19, 2021, Harris served as acting president from 10:10 am to 11:35 am while President Biden underwent a "routine colonoscopy". Harris became the third vice president as well as the first female vice president to serve as acting president.

Personal life
In 2014, Harris married lawyer Doug Emhoff. Emhoff and Harris have homes in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C.
Awards and honors
In 2020, both Harris and Biden were named Time Person of the Year.

Related pages 
 Vice President of the United States

Notes

References

Other websites 
Official website

1964 births
Living people
2020 United States presidential candidates
2020 United States vice-presidential candidates
21st-century American politicians
African American lawyers
African American politicians
District attorneys
Lawyers from San Francisco
Politicians from Oakland, California
Politicians from San Francisco
United States senators from California
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Oakland, California
Benedict Biscop (–690), also called Biscop Baducing, was an Anglo-Saxon nobleman, monk and abbot. He was the founder and benefactor of the Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Abbeys. He had been a thane of King Oswiu of Northumbria and an officer in his court. Benedict Biscop is probably best known for the library he created at Jarrow and for being the mentor of the Venerable Bede. He was venerated as a saint after his death.

Life
Life

Benedict Biscop was born . He was from a noble family of Northumbrian Angles. As a young man he was a member of the court of King Oswiu of Northumbria while still young. He was a rich nobleman who had a good deal of political power.  When he was twenty-five he gave up his secular life, his marriage and family and decided to join the Church. In 653 he went on a journey to Rome on a pilgrimage. He traveled with Wilfrid, who later became Bishop of York. He returned home shortly after that. He made a second trip to Rome in 664 and stayed about two months. He then retired to the island of Lérins and became a monk there. After two years he agreed to guide Theodore, the new Archbishop of Canterbury, from Rome to England. On arriving at Canterbury, Benedict became abbot of St Augustine's Abbey (also called the monastery of St. Peter and St. Paul, Canterbury).  He also made a trip to Vienne to acquire a collection of books. Biscop made a fourth journey to acquire more books in 679.
In 674 Biscop built a monastery known as Monkwearmouth. Ecgfrith, King of Northumbria gave him fifty hides of land at the mouth of the River Wear. This monastery would be dedicated to Saint Peter and came to be called St. Peter's at Monkwearmouth. Benedict wanted his monastery to be a center of both learning and religion. Benedict used Frankish stonemasons who he brought over to England to construct the monastery. Monkwearmouth was the first (and Jarrow the second) church structures to be built of stone in England. Benedict them brought over glassmakers from Frankia to fit the windows of the church and chapels with fine stained glass. They established a glass workshop there at Monkwearwolf. Within a year the monastery was completed. In 678 a letter from Pope Agatho exempted the monastery from external control. Benedict got all the furnishings, sacred vessels, decorations and vestments. Some he found locally while others he bought in Francia and Rome. In 680 Benedict made another trip to Rome
. This time it was to escort back to England a new member of his monastery. This was Abbot John, Arch-cantor and abbot of the monastery of Saint Martin. He was to be their instructor for all the chants for the church year. These were taught exactly as they were sung at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
In 682 King Ecgfrith gave another forty hides of land to Benedict for a second monastery. It was to be at the mouth of the River Trent at Jarrow. The stained glass for Jarrow came from the same monastery workshop at Monkwearmouth. The dedication ceremony for Jarrow abbey was held on 23 April 685. Named for Saint Paul when the sister monastery was completed Benedict assigned Ceolfrith to be the abbot. Bede, who was about ten years old at the time, was one of the monks who went with him.

To prevent any jealousy between his two houses Benedict deliberately made the two dependant on each other. That way they could be treated as a single monastery. He also decided there should be only one abbot to rule both houses. Benedict himself was the first abbot of Monkwearmouth-Jarrow and remained the abbot for sixteen years. Monkwearmouth and Jarrow together housed about 600 monks.
Bede commented on the character of Benedict Biscop. Benedict was modest and unassuming. He went about his daily tasks the same as abbot of his twin-monasteries as he had done as a monk. He liked to join the other monks in their duties whether it was in the kitchen or threshing grain. He enjoyed working in the bakery as much as working in the gardens. As the master he was gentle and kind in keeping order among the other monks. He took all his meals with the other monks and ate what they ate. Benedict slept in the same small cell as any other monk would. As he lay dying he asked for all the monks to assemble around him so he could say goodby. He died on 7 March 685. His assistant Ceolfrith replaced Benedict as abbot of both Monasteries.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 St. Benedict Biscop
 St. Benedict Biscop, Abbot

620s births
680s deaths
English Christians
Anglo-Saxons
People from Northumberland
Neon Jungle were a British girl group. They started in early 2013. The members were Shereen Cutkelvin, Jess Plummer, Asami Zdrenka and Amira McCarthy.

On 8 August 2013, the band put a cover they sung of "We Can't Stop" by Miley Cyrus on their YouTube channel.

They released their first single "Trouble" on 1 September 2013. The song was written and produced by CocknBullKid and Benjamin Berry. It reached number twelve in the UK Singles Chart and four in the Scottish chart.

In November 2013, the band performed at the 2013 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show.

They released their second single "Braveheart" on iTunes in January 2014. It reached number four in the UK Singles Chart.

The group separated in 2015.

Background 
Two of the band's members were chosen for their strong looks.

Jess is from London. She has a Jamaican father and English mother. Asami lives in Scotland but was born in Japan. Shereen has a Scottish mother and Belizean father. Amira has a Gambian mother and Jamaican father.

References
References 

2013 establishments in the United Kingdom
British girl groups
British pop music groups
Musical groups disestablished in 2015
2015 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Musical groups established in 2013
Neo Soul is a genre (style) of music. It combines soul, hip hop soul, alternative hip hop and quiet storm. Some notable artists that make this kind of music are Frank Ocean, Erykah Badu, Adele, Beyoncé, and Miguel. The term neo soul was created by the record producer Kedar Massenburg.

Fusion music genres
R&B music
Soul music
Qunu [ˈk͡ǃuːnu] is a small rural village in South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. It is  south-west of Mthatha on the road between Butterworth and Mthatha. 

Nelson Mandela spent his childhood here and had a retirement home there. On 15 December 2013, Mandela was buried in Qunu after a state funeral.

References

Related pages 
More about the Nelson Mandela Museum at Qunu 

Settlements in South Africa
Villages in Africa
Eastern Cape‎
United States National Library of Medicine is a medical library in Bethesda, Maryland. It is operated by the United States Federal government. It is the largest medical library in the world.

References

Other websites
 National Library of Medicine

Libraries in the United States
Buildings and structures in Maryland
Medical education in the United States
Medical and health organizations in the United States
National libraries
The Eastern Cape is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bhisho. Its two largest cities are Port Elizabeth and East London. It was formed in 1994. It was the home of the 1820 settlers. The central and eastern part of the province is the traditional home of the Xhosa people. 

This region is the birthplace of many famous South African politicians, such as Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo, Walter Sisulu, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba, Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, Chris Hani, Thabo Mbeki, Steve Biko and Charles Coghlan.

References

Other websites
Eastern Cape National Government information 
Eastern Cape Provincial Government
Eastern Cape Socio-Economic Consultative Council
Eastern Cape Tourism Board
Eastern Cape Development Corporation

 
1994 establishments in South Africa
Scarling is an American noise pop band. The members are Jessicka and her husband Christian Hejnal-Addams. They have released two albums.

Overview 
Jessicka Fodera started Scarling. in Los Angeles in 1999 after her band Jack Off Jill broke up. Their first single, "Band Aid Covers the Bullethole" was released in 2003. The b-side was a cover of "Creep" by Radiohead. They released their first album Sweet Heart Dealer on February 17, 2004. It was produced by Chris Vrenna. In the summer of 2004 Scarling. performed at Curiosa, a tour organized by Robert Smith.

They released their second album So Long, Scarecrow on October 25, 2005. Scarling. produced the album with Rob Campanella. They their first UK tour in December 2005. In 2006 they released an EP, Staring to the Sun. It has a cover of "Wave of Mutilation" by Pixies on it. 

On October 29, 2013 they released a single, "Who Wants to Die for Art"? Their next album will be released in 2014 by The Committee to Keep Music Evil.

References
References

Other websites
1999 establishments in California
Indie rock bands
American rock bands
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
Roberto Marcelo Levingston Laborda (January 10, 1920 – June 17, 2015) was an Argentine politician. He was a general in the 
Argentine Army and president of Argentina from June 18, 1970 to March 22, 1971, during the Revolución Argentina period in Argentine history.

References

1920 births
2015 deaths
Argentine generals
Presidents of Argentina
"Hop Is Back" is a song by the rap musician Hopsin. It is from his album Knock Madness. In the song, he insults Kendrick Lamar and Kanye West.

2013 songs