Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Second battle of Petersburg 
Meade’s Army of the Potomac marched from Cold Harbor to support Butler. Meade's leading XVIII Corps crossed the Appomattox River and attacked Petersburg on June 15. The Confederate defenders were driven back to Harrison Creek. The Union XVIII Corps was then relieved by the II Corps. The next day, June 16, II Corps captured another part of the Confederate line. Beauregard moved more defenders to hold the Union troops while Lee, now aware of the situation at Petersburg, rushed troops to the city. On June 18, the Union II, XI, and V Corps attacked but were beaten back with heavy casualties. Now the Confederate fortifications were heavily defended and all hopes of an easy Union victory were lost. This was the beginning of the siege of Petersburg. Rather than a tactical siege with short term goals, it now became a strategic siege involving a number of battles.

Battle of First Deep Bottom
Continuing their attacks, the Union Army under Grant began their third offensive against Richmond-Petersburg. General Winfield Scott Hancock's II Corps and two divisions of General Philip Sheridans cavalry crossed the James River at the "Deep Bottom" oxbow. They crossed at night to threaten Richmond. The plan called for the infantry to push the Confederates to the west. Then the cavalry could attack the railroad that connected Lee to the Confederate army under General Jubal Early still in the Shenendoah Valley. Sheridan's cavalry was then to attack Richmond if possible. But after breaking through the Confederate line, the Union offensive stalled. The Union cavalry was counterattacked by Richard H. Anderson's Confederate infantry. But the counterattack was defeated by the dismounted cavalry with their Spencer repeating carbines. But late on July 28, Hancock and Sherman withdrew back to Deep Bottom. The next night, July 29/30, they crossed the James River back to their own lines
. They left a garrison to guard the crossing at Deep Bottom. Both sides could claim a victory. The Union forces defeated the Confederate infantry at Darby farm. But the withdrawal afterwards allowed the Confederates a victory. It was a Union victory strategically because their attack on the Virginia Peninsula caused Lee to move five and a half divisions north of James River. This weakened Petersburg leaving only four Confederate divisions to fight there. While Hancock and Sheridan were diverting Lee's attention, a mining operation was going on at Petersburg. A  long tunnel was being dug by a regiment of Pennsylvania coal miners. It was dug right up to a Confederate strongpoint.
Battle of the Crater 
At this point in the siege, Lee's army had strengthened the Petersburg line. They dug breastworks out of rifle pits. At night, with pick and shovel, they then turned the breastworks into  deep trenches. Pointed stakes turned outwards were designed to break up any frontal attacks. The area between the two lines became a no man's land. The summer that year was hot and dry. Streams and springs were quickly drying up causing a water shortage on both sides. The siege was quickly becoming a stalemate.
At a part of the Union line that was only  from the Confederate line, the 48th Pennsylvania regiment was dug in. They were below the top of a ridge and part of their lines could not be seen by Confederates, blocked by the terrain. The 48th Pennsylvania regiment was made up of anthracite coal miners. Their commander heard his men remark, "We could blow that damned fort out of existence if we could run a mine shaft under it!" He passed the idea up to Burnside who agreed to the idea and digging started on June 25. Confederates on the ridge began to hear the sounds of picks and shovels under them. They dug several listening shafts. But when the digging sounds stopped on 23 July, they quit looking and dismissed any danger from mining. By the afternoon of July 28 the explosives were ready. Burnside's Fourth Division, including nine regiments of African American troops were trained to bypass the crater the explosion would cause and attack immediately after the explosion
. These were fresh troops and their morale was high. At the last minute, Burnside's plan was changed by his commander General Meade to send in white troops. Meade said he did not want to be responsible for the "massacre" of colored troops.
Just before 5:00 am the explosion blew up a Confederate artillery battery and most of an infantry regiment. The blast killed at least 278 Confederates instantly. The crater caused by the explosion was more than  long,  across and  deep. Following the explosion, the untrained Union troops were slow to leave their trenches. Instead of avoiding the crater they ran right into it. The walls of the crater exposed red clay making them too slippery to climb out of. The Confederates recovered quickly and began firing down directly on the Union troops who were unprotected. To try to save the situation, after four hours of fighting Burnside ordered the black troops to attack. At this point they could only follow the white soldiers into the crater. They had to force their way past the dead, wounded and demoralized white troops to get into the fight. As more Confederates joined in, they set up a tremendous crossfire into the crater
. Mortar shells were dropped on the Union troops and the Confederate cannons were rolled up to the edge and fired canister shot at the soldiers trapped in the crater. The situation quickly turned from a one-sided battle into a race riot. As Union soldiers surrendered, black soldiers were given no quarter. Those who were allowed to surrender were murdered by Confederate troops as they were marched to the rear. Some Confederates later expressed regret that they could not kill them fast enough, as a few black troops made it to the rear alive.
The fighting went on for eight and a half hours. Burnside's IX Corps suffered 3,800 casualties. Lee's army lost about 1,500 who were killed, wounded or missing. But the black troops lost 1,327 men, 450 of whom surrendered. Most of these were murdered by Confederate soldiers as they were marched to the rear under guard. The failure and horror over what happened at the Battle of the Crater caused Burnside to be relieved of his command. He was placed on indefinite leave of absence with no orders to return to duty. This effectively ended his army career. He resigned from the army less than nine months later, on April 15, 1865.

Battle of Second Deep Bottom
Grant learned that Lee was sending part of his force to support Early in the Shenandoah Valley. He thought the Confederate trenches between Petersburg and Richmond were now more lightly defended. The information was wrong. But Grant saw an opportunity to break the siege of Petersburg by attacking the trenches around Deep Bottom. The week-long campaign failed to defeat the Confederate defenses because Grant had miscalculated the situation. He sent General Hancock with Union II Corps, X Corps, and General David McMurtrie Gregg’s cavalry division across the James at Deep Bottom during the night of August 13-14. At first, the Union attacks were successful. But soon Confederate reinforcements arrived and the Union advance stalled. On August 17 a truce was called so both sides could take care of their dead and wounded. Lee ordered a counterattack the next day. But it was poorly organized and did not accomplish much. Hancock, however, began a withdrawal of the Union troops north of James
. By August 20 the withdrawal was completed. The Union forces maintained their bridgehead at Deep Bottom. Overall the battle and skirmishes cost the Union 3,000 casualties against a loss to the Confederacy of about 1,500. Lee's thinly defended line some  long remained intact. But he could not afford to send any troops to Early in the Shenandoah Valley.
Attacks on the Weldon Railroad 

While the Second Battle of Deep Bottom was going on, Grant had sent troops south of Petersburg to capture the Weldon Railroad. This was another of Grant's simultaneous operations. The Weldon Railroad was the only connection between Petersburg and the last Atlantic seaport at Wilmington, North Carolina. Grant had failed to capture the Weldon Railroad in June. The Union V Corps under General Gouverneur K. Warren was ordered to move west, destroy the tracks and, if possible, hold the rail line. Warren was successful in destroying tracks. But attacks and counterattacks went on for the next three days. The action cost the Union Army 4,279 casualties and the Confederates lost between 1,600 and 2,300 dead, wounded or missing. The Union was able to extend its lines west and built a fort named after Union General James S. Wadsworth, who was mortally wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness.
Hancock's II Corps moved against the Weldon Railroad on August 24. Tired from the battle at Deep Bottom, they were forced marched to the south of Petersburg to tear up more tracks. Gregg's cavalry cleared a path ahead of them. But on August 25, Confederate general Heath attacked the Union forces at Ream's Station. Confederates captured 9 cannon and took many Union prisoners. Hancock withdrew his forces back to the Union lines near the Jerusalem Plank Road.

The Great Beefsteak Raid
By September 1864, the Confederate army was getting hungry. Supplies of everything were running low. Lee's army was feeling the effects of Grant's scorched earth policy in the Shenandoah Valley. On September 5 Lee learned that the Union Army had about 3,000 cattle being kept at Coggins Point, Virginia. This was only  from Grant's headquarters. The herd was being lightly guarded by 250 men of the 1st D.C. Cavalry. There was also a detachment of about 150 men of the 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry. This entire area of the Union rear was picketed by one understrength cavalry division. Lee had been pressuring his cavalry commander, Major General Wade Hampton, to attack the Union rear area. Hampton saw this as a chance to both attack behind enemy lines and get cattle to feed the hungry Confederate soldiers at Petersburg. Lee approved but told Hampton he had one concern: “The only difficulty of importance I see to your project is your return.”
Wade put together a force of about 3,000 cavalry troops. It consisted of General W.H.F. "Rooney" Lee's cavalry division, and two brigades led by generals Thomas L. Rosser and James Dearing. It also included about 100 men from Pierce M. B. Young's and John Dunovant's brigades, along with a number of dogs to help herd the cattle. The plan was to ride a total of  to steal the cattle then get them back to the Confederate lines. The herd designed to feed Union troops would now be used to feed Confederate troops.
On the morning of September 14, Hampton led his force southwest around the Union Army's left flank. They camped at Wilkinson’s Bridge on Rowanty Creek and early next morning moved to the bridge had once stood over Blackwater Creek. By midnight his forces had rebuilt the bridge and were now within  of the cattle herd. Hampton divided his forces. Rooney Lee went to the left to screen against forces coming from Petersburg. Dearing's brigade went to the right to wait for the main attack, then protect the captured herd from any Union forces in the area. Rosser's brigade took the 1st D.C. Cavalry by surprise and captured 300 men. They also captured a number of the Union cavalry's new Spencer repeating rifles. The 13th Pennsylvania cavalry put up a stiffer resistance but were brushed aside by the larger Confederate force. Within a few hours the cattle had been captured and the Confederates were on their way back to their own lines
. Once they discovered what had happened, Union forces in the area went after the cattle. All they got for their trouble was a few stray cattle. Once across the bridge over the Blackwater, Hampton's Confederates took it apart. In addition to the cattle, Hampton's men captured the civilian herders. The herders proved useful and seemed willing to go with the Confederate raiders. Hampton got 2,486 cattle losing just 10 men, 47 were wounded and four were missing. Hampton also kept one of the repeating rifles for himself.
Also called the Battle of Chaffin's Farm. On the night of September 20–29, General Butler and his Army of the James cross the James River to attack the outer defenses of Richmond. At dawn, his columns attacked the Confederates. Fort Harrison was the key to General Butler's plan. It was the strongest point in the Confederate line north of the James. On high ground, the fort had a view all the way to the James River. The fort was lightly held by only 200 Confederate troops as most were in Petersburg at the time. The fort's cannon were old and not considered battle worthy by the Northern artillerymen. The Union attack came unexpectedly and so quickly that there were few Union casualties. The Union Army was successful at both New Market Heights and at Fort Harrison. The Confederates then fought to contain the breakthrough. As Grant predicted, Lee weakened his Petersburg defenses to reinforce his lines north of the James River. Lee counterattacked on September 30 but his efforts were unsuccessful
. The Union troops dug in forming trenches around the territory they just captured. The confederates built a new line of defenses that cut off the area captured by the Federal troops. The total casualties were 4,430 including Union General Hiram Burnham. The fort was renamed Fort Burnham in his honor.
Battle of Hatcher's Run 
Also called the Battle of Dabney’s Mill. On February 5, 1865, Gregg's Union cavalry division moved towards Ream's Station and the Dinwiddie Court House. Their mission was to raid and cut off Confederate supply trains. He was supported by Union General Warren's V Corps who took up a blocking position to stop any Confederate interference. Major General Andrew A. Humphreys's II Corps moved west to cover V Corps' right flank. That night, two more divisions reinforced the Union positions. But the raid was unsuccessful. As Gregg's cavalry was returning they were attacked by Confederate divisions led by Generals John Pegram and William Mahone. The Union advance was stopped although General Pelgram was killed in the battle. But the Union Army gained more territory as the line was now extended to Hatcher's run. Total casualties in the action were 2,700.

Battle of Fort Stedman
By March 25, 1865, the Siege of Petersburg had on for nine months. After initial battles the siege had settled into trench warfare. There were now a total of about 50 miles of trenches around Petersburg and Richmond. Lee was losing the war of attrition. Lee realized the Union Army around him was growing in size while his was getting smaller. He knew that as soon as Spring brought better weather, there would be a final attack by the Union Army. Lee ordered one of his most trusted generals, John Brown Gordon, to find a weak point in the Union line and attack it. Gordon thought Fort Stedman offered his best chance for success. While it had  high walls and a moat, it formed a narrow gap in the Union line. Also, it was only  from the Confederate line. Early in the morning, while it was still dark, Union pickets heard sounds coming from the corn field between the two lines. The sound was Confederate soldiers moving aside the Cheval de frise defenses in preparation for an attack
. This was followed by 11,000 rebels who quickly captured  of Union trenches. Union forces quickly arrived to turn back the Confederates to their own lines.
Union casualties were about 1,000. Confederate killed, wounded or captured numbered around 3,000. These were losses that Lee's army could not afford. Lee wrote Confederate President Jefferson Davis that he could not hold out much longer.

Third Battle of Petersburg - The Breakthrough
At the Battle of Five Forks, on April 1, 1865, Union General Sheridan's cavalry broke through and flanked the Confederate lines at Petersburg. This set the stage for the final attack. On the morning of April 2, Grant ordered all his troops south of the Appomattox River to charge the Confederate lines. The first success came at the same place where Sheridan had broken through the day before. Union General Horatio Wright's VI Corps quickly overran the Confederate pickets and began a brutal battle that lasted only 20 or 15 minutes. He lost some 2,200 Union solders during this short time period. But the larger numbers of the Union forces finally broke through the rebel line. Most of the Georgians and North Carolinans defending this section surrendered. The breakthrough by the VI Corps was the final straw for Confederate forces defending Petersburg. Lee wired Davis in Richmond that he had to evacuate both Petersburg and Richmond and retreat that night. This is also when Lee lost one of his best generals
. Coming back from sick leave, riding to the front lines to rally his men, Lieutenant General A. P. Hill was killed by enemy gunfire.
The siege had lasted nine and a half months. There were a combined total of about 70,000 casualties. Richmond fell on April 3, 1865 and six days later, Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 
 
 
 

American Civil War battles
Sieges
1864 in Virginia
1865 in the United States
The arrondissement of Saintes is an arrondissement of France, in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Saintes.

History
When the Charente-Maritime department was created on 1790, the arrondissement of Saintes was part of that original department.

It was the centre of the old province of Saintonge.

Geography
It is the largest of the arrondissements of the Charente-Maritime department but the third by population. It has an area of , and a population of 128,786 inhabitants for a density of  inhabitants/km².

Saintes is in the central part of the department. It is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély, to the east by the arrondissement of Cognac (Charente department), to the south by the arrondissement of  Jonzac, to the southwest by the Gironde department (through the Gironde estuary), to the west and northwest by the arrondissement of Rochefort.

Composition
Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Saintes, there are only two cantons where all their "communes" are in the arrondissement: the Saint-Porchaire and Saintes cantons. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and arrondissements:

Communes
The arrondissement of Saintes has 89 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Arces (17015)
 Balanzac (17030)
 Barzan (17034)
 Berneuil (17044)
 Beurlay (17045)
 Boutenac-Touvent (17060)
 Brie-sous-Mortagne (17068)
 Burie (17072)
 Bussac-sur-Charente (17073)
 Chaniers (17086)
 La Chapelle-des-Pots (17089)
 Le Chay (17097)
 Chenac-Saint-Seurin-d'Uzet (17098)
 Chérac (17100)
 Chermignac (17102)
 La Clisse (17112)
 Colombiers (17115)
 Corme-Écluse (17119)
 Corme-Royal (17120)
 Courcoury (17128)
 Cozes (17131)
 Cravans (17133)
 Crazannes (17134)
 Dompierre-sur-Charente (17141)
 Le Douhet (17143)
 Écoyeux (17147)
 Écurat (17148)
 Épargnes (17152)
 Les Essards (17154)
 Floirac (17160)
 Fontcouverte (17164)
 Geay (17171)
 Gémozac (17172)
 Les Gonds (17179)
 Grézac (17183)
 La Jard (17191)
 Jazennes (17196)
 Luchat (17214)
 Médis (17228)
 Meursac (17232)
 Migron (17235)
 Montils (17242)
 Montpellier-de-Médillan (17244)
 Mortagne-sur-Gironde (17248)
 Nancras (17255)
 Nieul-lès-Saintes (17262)
 Pessines (17275)
 Pisany (17278)
 Plassay (17280)
 Pont-l'Abbé-d'Arnoult (17284)
Port-d'Envaux (17285)
 Préguillac (17289)
 Rétaud (17296)
 Rioux (17298)
 Romegoux (17302)
 Rouffiac (17304)
 Sablonceaux (17307)
 Saint-André-de-Lidon (17310)
 Saint-Bris-des-Bois (17313)
 Saint-Césaire (17314)
 Sainte-Gemme (17330)
 Saint-Georges-des-Coteaux (17336)
 Saint-Porchaire (17387)
 Sainte-Radegonde (17389)
 Saint-Romain-sur-Gironde (17392)
 Saint-Romain-de-Benet (17393)
 Saint-Sauvant (17395)
 Saint-Sever-de-Saintonge (17400)
 Saint-Simon-de-Pellouaille (17404)
 Saint-Sulpice-d'Arnoult (17408)
 Saint-Vaize (17412)
 Saintes (17415)
 Saujon (17421)
 Semussac (17425)
 Le Seure (17426)
 Soulignonne (17431)
 Talmont-sur-Gironde (17437)
 Tanzac (17438)
 Tesson (17441)
 Thaims (17442)
 Thénac (17444)
 Thézac (17445)
 Trizay (17453)
 La Vallée (17455)
 Varzay (17460)
 Vénérand (17462)
 Villars-en-Pons (17469)
 Villars-les-Bois (17470)
 Virollet (17479)
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Charente-Maritime department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Saintes
The arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély is an arrondissement of France, in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Saint-Jean-d'Angély.

History
When the Charente-Maritime department was created on 1790, the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély was part of that original department.

On 10 September 1926, the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély, together with Marennes, was eliminated. In 1943, Saint-Jean-d'Angély was made again an arrondissement.

Geography
Saint-Jean-d'Angély is the arrondissement of the Charente-Maritime department with fewest people living in it. It has an area of , and a population of 53,336 inhabitants for a density of  inhabitants/km².

The arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély is in the northeast of the department, in the historical and geographical region of Basse Saintonge.
It is bordered to the west by the arrondissement of Rochefort, to the south by the arrondissement of Saintes, to the east by the Charente department and to the north and northeast by the Deux-Sèvres department.

Composition

Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.

In the arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély, there are only three cantons. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and arrondissements:

Communes
The arrondissement of Saint-Jean-d'Angély has 111 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Annepont (17011)
 Annezay (17012)
 Antezant-la-Chapelle (17013)
 Archingeay (17017)
 Asnières-la-Giraud (17022)
 Aujac (17023)
 Aulnay (17024)
 Aumagne (17025)
 Authon-Ébéon (17026)
 Bagnizeau (17029)
 Ballans (17031)
 Bazauges (17035)
 Beauvais-sur-Matha (17037)
 Bercloux (17042)
 Bernay-Saint-Martin (17043)
 Bignay (17046)
 Blanzac-lès-Matha (17048)
 Blanzay-sur-Boutonne (17049)
 Bords (17053)
 Bresdon (17062)
 Brie-sous-Matha (17067)
 Brizambourg (17070)
 La Brousse (17071)
 Champdolent (17085)
 Chantemerle-sur-la-Soie (17087)
 Cherbonnières (17101)
 Chives (17105)
 Coivert (17114)
 Contré (17117)
 Courant (17124)
 Courcelles (17125)
 Courcerac (17126)
 Cressé (17135)
 La Croix-Comtesse (17137)
 Dampierre-sur-Boutonne (17138)
 Dœuil-sur-le-Mignon (17139)
 Les Éduts (17149)
 Les Églises-d'Argenteuil (17150)
 Fenioux (17157)
 Fontaine-Chalendray (17162)
 Fontenet (17165)
 La Frédière (17169)
 Gibourne (17176)
 Le Gicq (17177)
 Gourvillette (17180)
 Grandjean (17181)
 Haimps (17188)
Haimps (17188)
 La Jarrie-Audouin (17195)
 Juicq (17198)
 Landes (17202)
 Loiré-sur-Nie (17206)
 Loulay (17211)
 Louzignac (17212)
 Lozay (17213)
 Macqueville (17217)
 Massac (17223)
 Matha (17224)
 Mazeray (17226)
 Migré (17234)
 Mons (17239)
 Le Mung (17252)
 Nachamps (17254)
 Nantillé (17256)
 Néré (17257)
 Neuvicq-le-Château (17261)
 Les Nouillers (17266)
 Nuaillé-sur-Boutonne (17268)
 Paillé (17271)
 Essouvert (17277)
 Poursay-Garnaud (17288)
 Prignac (17290)
 Puy-du-Lac (17292)
 Puyrolland (17294)
 Romazières (17301)
 Saint-Félix (17327)
 Saint-Georges-de-Longuepierre (17334)
 Saint-Hilaire-de-Villefranche (17344)
 Saint-Jean-d'Angély (17347)
 Saint-Julien-de-l'Escap (17350)
 Saint-Loup (17356)
 Saint-Mandé-sur-Brédoire (17358)
 Saint-Martial (17361)
 Saint-Martin-de-Juillers (17367)
 Sainte-Même (17374)
 Saint-Ouen-la-Thène (17377)
 Saint-Pardoult (17381)
 Saint-Pierre-de-Juillers (17383)
 Saint-Pierre-de-l'Isle (17384)
 Saint-Savinien (17397)
 Saint-Séverin-sur-Boutonne (17401)
 Saleignes (17416)
Saleignes (17416)
 Seigné (17422)
 Siecq (17427)
 Sonnac (17428)
 Taillant (17435)
 Taillebourg (17436)
 Ternant (17440)
 Thors (17446)
 Tonnay-Boutonne (17448)
 Torxé (17450)
 Les Touches-de-Périgny (17451)
 Varaize (17459)
 Vergné (17464)
 La Vergne (17465)
 Vervant (17467)
 La Villedieu (17471)
 Villemorin (17473)
 Villeneuve-la-Comtesse (17474)
 Villiers-Couture (17477)
 Vinax (17478)
 Voissay (17481)
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Charente-Maritime department
 List of arrondissements of France

References

Saint-Jean-d'Angely
In 2015, Islamic extremists killed four bloggers and a publisher in Bangladesh. A report by the Committee to Protect Journalists said Bangladesh was the fourth most deadly country for journalists.

In 2013, a local al-Qaeda group called Ansarullah Bengali Team had a list of 84 names of people it wanted silenced. By 2015, 8 of them were dead: Avajit Roy, Rajeeb Haider, Jafar Munshi, Mamun Hossain, Jagatjyoti Talukder, Arif Hossain Dwip, Ziauddin Zakaria Babu and Wasikur Rahman.

Jafar Munshi ( জাফর মুন্সি ) and Anjali Devi ( অঞ্জলী দেবীর ) were killed for supposed "defamation of religion", such as refusing to enforce hijab on students. Some of the people murdered were supporter of the Shahbag movement (শাহবাগ আন্দোলন ) named for the Shahbag (শাহবাগ) district: Ashraful Alam (আশরাফুল আলম ), Arif Raihan Deep (আরিফ রায়হান দীপ ), Nurul Islam Faruki (নুরুল ইসলাম ফারুকী), Jagat Jyoti Talukder (জগৎজ্যোতি তালুকদার ), and Jakaria Babu (জাকারিয়া বাবু ).

Deaths in 2016
Deaths in 2016

March 
Nazimuddin Samad, a law student, was hacked and shot to death on a busy street in Dhaka.

April 
Xulhaz Mannan, editor Of Bangladesh’s only LGBT magazine was hacked to death.

Rezaul Karim Siddique, English professor was hacked to death in the city of Rajshahi, Bangladesh, after he organized a music school.

Deaths in 2015

February 
Avijit Roy, a writer who started the blog Mukto-Mona, was hacked to death with machetes in Dhaka after a book fair. His wife, Rafida Bonya Ahmed, was hurt.

March 
Washiqur Rahman Babu was killed with knives at his house in Dhaka. Police said he wrote about religion on Facebook under the name Washiqur Babu.

May 
Ananta Bijoy Das was a blogger with Avaijit Roy's Mukto-Mona. He was hacked to death with machetes in Sylhet.

August 
Niladri Chakrabarti wrote under the name Niloy Neel. He was killed in his apartment.
October 
Faisal Abedin Deepan was killed in his office. He was a publisher who published Roy's books. Another publisher, Ahmed Rahim Tutal, was attacked, but he lived.

Deaths in 2013 
Ahmed Rajib Haider was hacked to death near his home in Dhaka in February 2013. He wrote under the name Thaba Baba on his blog Somewhere in Blog.

References 

2010s in Bangladesh
Islamic terrorism
Journalism
The XI Aysén Region () is one of the fifteen regions of Chile. It has four provinces.

The capital city of the region is Coyhaique. Other towns are Puerto Cisnes and Río Ibáñez.

Provinces of the region 
 Province of Coyhaique: capital Coyhaique.
 Province of General Carrera: capital Chile Chico.
 Province of Aysén: capital Puerto Aysén.
 Province of Capitán Prat: capital Cochrane
The XII Magallanes Region () is one of the fifteen regions of Chile. It has four provinces.
It contains the chilean territory claim in Antarctica.

The capital city of the region is Punta Arenas. Other towns are Puerto Natales, Porvenir and Puerto Williams.
This region has the world famous Torres del Paine National Park.

Provinces of the region 
 Province of Magallanes: capital Punta Arenas.
 Province of Última Esperanza: capital Puerto Natales.
 Province of Tierra del Fuego: capital Porvenir.
 Province of Antártica Chilena: capital Puerto Williams.
The Santiago Metropolitan Region () is one of the fifteen regions of Chile. It has six provinces.

The capital city of the region is Santiago. Other towns are Providencia, Peñalolén and Lo Barnechea.

Provinces of the region 
 Province of Santiago: capital Santiago.
 Province of Melipilla: capital Melipilla.
 Province of Maipo: capital San Bernardo.
 Province of Cordillera: capital Puente Alto.
 Province of Chacabuco: capital Colina.
 Province of Talagante: capital Talagante.
Täuffelen is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Seeland
Tavannes is a municipality in Jura bernois in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website of the municipality of Tavannes 
 

Municipalities in Jura bernois
Île d'Oléron () is an island and canton in the Atlantic coast of France (to the west of Rochefort). It is the second largest island of Metropolitan France, after Corsica. The capital, and largest town, is  Saint-Pierre-d'Oléron; it is in the centre of the island.
 
Since 1966, there is a bridge that connects the island with mainland.

Geography

The Île d'Oléron is on the southern side of the Pertuis d'Antioche strait.

The island is  long and  wide; it has an area of . It is a very flat island and its highest point, the Grande dune de Saint-Trojan dune in the southern part of the island, is only  high.

The southern point of the island is Pointe de Gatseau, the northern one is Pointe de Chassiron and the eastern one is Pointe des Saumonards. Near this last point is the Fort Boyard, a fortification in the Pertuis d'Antioche that is used for the French TV show of the same name.
Climate
The climate in Saint-Denis-d'Oléron is an oceanic climate with template summers, Cfb (Marine West Coast Climate) in the Köppen climate classification.

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Saint-Denis-d'Oléron is . The month with the most precipitation on average is December with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is August with an average of .

The average temperature for the year in Saint-Denis-d'Oléron is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

Administration

Administratively, the island belongs to the Charente-Maritime department,  arrondissement of Rochefort, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
The island was divided in two cantons: Canton du Château-d'Oléron and Canton de Saint-Pierre-d'Oléron, with 4 communes each. In 27 February 2014, the number of cantons was reduced and the two cantons of the island were combined to form only one: the Canton de l'Île d'Oléron, divided in 8 communes.

Population
The inhabitants of Île d'Oléron are known, in French, as Oléronais (women: Oléronaises).

Île d'Oléron has a population, in 2014, of 22,032, for a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

The eight communes of the island and their populations (2013) are:

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Rochefort

Notes

References

Other websites

  The official tourist office website for Oléron Island
 Departmental Council website 
 Ville de Rochefort website  

Oleron
Charente-Maritime
Owen Smith (born 2 May 1970) is a British Labour Party politician. He has been the Member of Parliament for Pontypridd in Wales since 2010. In July 2015 he challenged Jeremy Corbyn for the leadership of the Labour Party. Before he became an MP he worked for the BBC and as a lobbyist for Pfizer, a company that makes drugs or pharmaceuticals.

References

1970 births
Living people
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Lobbyists
UK MPs 2010–2015
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
Politicians from Lancashire
Lobbying is the act of trying to persuade people or governments to make decisions or support something. Lobbying can be done by many sorts of people, alone or in groups. Often it is done by big businesses, political parties, social movements, or ethnic groups. It can also be done by politicians and by ordinary citizens. Lobbyists are people whose job it is to lobby for big businesses or political parties. The word lobbying comes from the lobby of the Palace of Westminster in London. The lobby is between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, and there people would try to meet politicians as they came in and went out.

References

Related pages 
Activism
Think tank

Politics
Pontypridd is a town in southern Wales. It is about ten miles south of Wales' capital city, Cardiff. Its name comes from the Welsh "Pont-y-ty-pridd” which means 'bridge by the earthen house'.

References 

Geography of Wales
The previously called Princess of Xiaohe (), also known as the Beauty of Xiaohe (), is a different female mummy discovered in 1934 by Swedish archaeologist Folke Bergman, at Xiaohe Tomb (小河墓地; literally "Little River Tomb"), Luobu Po (罗布泊), Ruoqiang County (若羌县), Xinjiang. Because of its beauty, this mummy was also nicknamed Marlene Dietrich of the Desert and Sophia Loren of Xiaohe.

The mummy was discovered in the Tarim Basin, 60 km south of the river Konqi He (孔雀河) at the coordinates . 

Estimated to have lived between 1900 BC and 1613 BC, the mummy was between 20 and 40 years old when she died, and stands out among other mummies found nearby for her Indo-European features. The mummy's hair, teeth and eyelashes are well preserved; its face has a sharp nose and deep eyes.

Related pages 
 Beauty of Loulan

References

Further reading 
 
 
 

History of China
Xinjiang
Mummies
2nd-millennium BC people
Teuffenthal is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities in Thun
Thierachern is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities in Thun
Thörigen is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities in Oberaargau
Thun () is a city of the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The city has about 43,783 inhabitants (around 90,000 in the agglomeration), as of 31 December 2013.

It is located where the Aare flows out of Lake Thun (Thunersee), 30 km (19 mi) south of Berne.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website of the city of Thun
Jerusalem Archaeological Park (also known as Ophel Garden) is an archaeological park and visitor centre. It is in the Old City of Jerusalem. The park is south of the Western Wall Plaza and under the Dung Gate.

Other websites 

  Jerusalem Archaeological Park

Jerusalem
Archaeological sites in Israel
Kawhi Anthony Leonard (born June 29, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He used to play for the San Antonio Spurs. Leonard played two seasons of college basketball for the San Diego State Aztecs and was named a consensus second-team All-American as a sophomore.

Leonard won Defensive Player of the Year in 2015 and 2016. He won the Most Valuable Player for the 2014 Finals win. He was not drafted by the Spurs. Rather he was traded on draft night from the Indiana Pacers.

In 2018, Leonard joined the Toronto Raptors. He helped the team win the 2019 NBA Finals. His contract ended on June 30, 2019.

Leonard has scored more than 30 points in a game thirteen times in the 2019 playoff season. He has been compared to LeBron James, Kevin Durant, and Stephen Curry.

In 2021, he was named to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team.

Career statistics

NBA

Regular season
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 64 || 39 || 24.0 || .493 || .376 || .773 || 5.1 || 1.1 || 1.3 || .4 || 7.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 58 || 57 || 31.2 || .494 || .374 || .825 || 6.0 || 1.6 || 1.7 || .6 || 11.9
|-
| style="text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 66 || 65 || 29.1 || .522 || .379 || .802 || 6.2 || 2.0 || 1.7 || .8 || 12.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 64 || 64 || 31.8 || .479 || .349 || .802 || 7.2 || 2.5 || style="background:#cfecec;"| 2.3* || .8 || 16.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 72 || 72 || 33.1 || .506 || .443 || .874 || 6.8 || 2.6 || 1.8 || 1.0 || 21.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 74 || 74 || 33.4 || .485 || .381 || .880 || 5.8 || 3.5 || 1.8 || .7 || 25.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 9 || 9 || 23.3 || .468 || .314 || .816 || 4.7 || 2.3 || 2.0 || 1.0 || 16.2
|-
| style="text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"|Toronto
| 60 || 60 || 34.0 || .496 || .371 || .854 || 7.3 || 3.3 || 1.8 || .4 || 26.6
|-
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 467 || 440 || 30.8 || .495 || .383 || .848 || 6.3 || 2.4 || 1.8 || .7 || 17.7
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|All-Star
| 3 || 3 || 19.7 || .515 || .316 || .000 || 4.3 || 2.3 || 1.0 || .3 || 13.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2012
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 14 || 14 || 27.1 || .500 || .450 || .813 || 5.9 || .6 || 1.2 || .4 || 8.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2013
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 21 || 21 || 36.9 || .545 || .390 || .633 || 9.0 || 1.0 || 1.8 || .5 || 13.5
|-
| style="text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;"|2014†
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 23 || 23 || 32.0 || .510 || .419 || .736 || 6.7 || 1.7 || 1.7 || .6|| 14.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2015
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 7 || 7 || 35.7 || .477 || .423 || .771 || 7.4 || 2.6 || 1.1 || .6 || 20.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2016
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 10 || 10 || 33.9 || .500 || .436 || .824 || 6.3 || 2.8 || 2.6 || 1.4 || 22.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2017
| style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
| 12 || 12 || 35.8 || .525 || .455 || .931 || 7.8 || 4.6 || 1.7 || .5 || 27.7
|- class="sortbottom"
|-
| style="text-align:left; background:#afe6ba;"|2019†
| style="text-align:left;"|Toronto
| 24 || 24 || 39.1 || .490 || .379 || .884 || 9.1 || 3.9 || 1.7 || .7 || 30.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 111 || 111 || 34.4 || .506 || .421 || .798 || 7.5 || 2.5 || 1.7 || .7 || 19.6
College

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2009–10
| style="text-align:left;"|San Diego State
| 34 || 33 || 31.3 || .455 || .205 || .726 || 9.9 || 1.9 || 1.4 || .7 || 12.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2010–11
| style="text-align:left;"|San Diego State
| 36 || 36 || 32.6 || .444 || .291 || .759 || 10.6 || 2.5 || 1.4 || .7 || 15.5
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 70 || 69 || 31.9 || .449 || .250 || .744 || 10.2 || 2.2 || 1.4 || .7 || 14.1

References

1991 births
African-American basketball players
Basketball players from California
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Living people
San Antonio Spurs players
Toronto Raptors players
American basketball players
Jonzac is a commune and a sub-prefecture in southwestern France, in the Charente-Maritime department (Nouvelle-Aquitaine region).

It is the capital of the southern arrondissement of the Charente-Maritime department.

History
Jonzac is in the historical region of Haute Saintonge. The city started on two hills, Balaguier et Montguimar, where are the main historical buildings of the city: the Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais de Jonzac church and the Château de Jonzac castle.

Geography
The city of Jonzac is far from the prefecture of Charente-Maritime, La Rochelle, that is at  to the northwest, but it is at only  from Angoulême, prefecture of the neighbour department of Charente, and at  from Bordeaux, prefecture of the department of Gironde and main city of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.

Jonzac has an area of  and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The communes that are around Jonzac are Saint-Martial-de-Vitaterne, Réaux,  Champagnac, Ozillac, Saint-Simon-de-Bordes and Saint-Simon-de-Bordes.

The Seugne river, a left tributary of the Charente river, flows through the city from southeast to northwest.

Climate
The climate of Jonzac, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
With a population of 3,465, Jonzac has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

The inhabitants of Jonzac are known, in French, as Jonzacais (women: Jonzacaises).

Administration
Jonzac is a subprefecture of the Charente-Maritime department since 1800. Its INSEE code is 197 (combined with the code of the department: 17197). It is also the capital of the canton of Jonzac.

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Jonzac
 Communes of the Charente-Maritime department

References

Other websites

 Ville de Jonzac - official website  
 Jonzac Tourism website

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Charente-Maritime
Alex Higgins (March 18, 1949 – July 24, 2010) was a snooker player from Northern Ireland. He was born in Belfast and started playing snooker at the age of 11. He became a professional player in 1972 when he was 22. He won the 1972 World Snooker Championship by beating John Spencer 37 frames to 32. Ten years later, he won the 1982 World Snooker Championship by defeating Ray Reardon 18 frames to 15. Higgins was nicknamed the "Hurricane" because of his fast play around the table. Higgins retired from professional snooker in 1997.

Higgins smoked 60 cigarettes a day for many years. In June 1998, He was found to have throat cancer. On July 24, 2010, he died in Belfast at the age of 61. The cause of death was a combination of malnutrition, pneumonia, and a bronchial condition. He was clear from throat cancer when he died.

References

1949 births
2010 deaths
British Anglicans
Deaths from bronchopneumonia
Northern Irish Protestants
British snooker players
Sportspeople from Belfast
Thunstetten is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Oberaargau
Toffen is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Bern-Mittelland
Stitch is the main character of the Disney Lilo & Stitch franchise. He is voiced by creator Chris Sanders and is an alien that poses as a dog.

Biography
Stitch was created as Jumba Jookiba's 626th experiment. He left the galactic prison and landed on Hawaii, where he met Lilo Pelekai.

Animated characters
Disney characters
Fictional characters introduced in 2002
Kingdom Hearts characters
Lilo & Stitch
Berga is the capital of the comarca (county) of Berguedà, in Catalonia, northeast Spain.

Berga name is from the Bergistani, an Iberian tribe who lived in the area before the Roman conquest. Berga was ruled by viscounts in the Early Middle Ages. It had its own counts starting in 988. Berga was sold to King Peter II of Aragon in 1199.

Berga is perhaps most famous for its traditional festival of "La Patum". The celebration occurs every Corpus Christi, lasting for five days.

References

Cities in Catalonia
Municipalities in Catalonia
Former national capitals
Planum is an Italian academic journal about urban planning and design. It is published in Italy by the Italian National Institute of Urban Planning.

Other websites 
  Planum  website

Journals
Urban planning
"Power" is a song by American hip hop performer Kanye West. It was released as the main single from his album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy. It peaked at #22 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It got very good reviews from critics.

Info 
The song is performed by Kanye West. It has extra vocals from the soul singer Dwele. It was co-produced by West and Symbolyc One. The song has samples from "21st Century Schizoid Man" by King Crimson, "Afromerica" by Continent Number 6 and "It's Your Thing" by Cold Grits.

2010 songs
Kanye West songs
The Life of Pablo is the seventh studio album by American rapper Kanye West. It was released in early 2016 by Roc-A-Fella Records, GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings. Most recording of the album took place between 2013 and 2016 and production was done mainly by West as well as other big producers like Mike Dean and Rick Rubin. It got good reviews from music critics and also debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.

Track listing
Notes
  signifies a co-producer
  signifies an additional producer
 "Ultralight Beam" features vocals by Chance the Rapper, Kirk Franklin, The-Dream, and Kelly Price, and additional vocals by Natalie Green and Samoria Green
 "Father Stretch My Hands Pt. 1" features vocals by Kid Cudi and Kelly Price
 "Pt. 2" features vocals by Desiigner and Caroline Shaw
 "Famous" features vocals by Rihanna and Swizz Beatz
 "Highlights" features vocals by Young Thug, and additional vocals by The-Dream, El DeBarge, and Kelly Price
 "Freestyle 4" features vocals by Desiigner
 "Waves" features vocals by Chris Brown and Kid Cudi
 "FML" features vocals by The Weeknd, and additional vocals by Caroline Shaw
 "Real Friends" features vocals by Ty Dolla Sign
 "Wolves" features vocals by Vic Mensa, Sia, and Caroline Shaw
 "Frank's Track" features uncredited vocals by Frank Ocean
 "Siiiiiiiiilver Surffffeeeeer Intermission" features vocals by Max B and French Montana
 "30 Hours" features background vocals by André Benjamin
"No More Parties in LA" features vocals by Kendrick Lamar
 "Fade" features vocals by Post Malone and Ty Dolla Sign
 "Saint Pablo" features vocals by Sampha
Sample credits
  "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1" contains samples of "Father I Stretch My Hands", written and performed by Pastor T. L. Barrett featuring Youth for Christ.
  "Pt. 2" contains samples of the song "Panda", written by Sidney Selby III and Adnan Khan, and performed by Desiigner; samples of "Father I Stretch My Hands", written and performed by Pastor T. L. Barrett featuring Youth for Christ; and contains a sound effect from the video game Street Fighter II: The World Warrior.
  "Famous" contains samples of "Do What You Gotta Do", written by Jimmy Webb and performed by Nina Simone; samples of "Bam Bam", written by Winston Riley and performed by Sister Nancy; and samples of "Mi Sono Svegliato E... Ho Chiuso Gli Occhi", written by Luis Bacalov, Sergio Bardotti, Giampiero Scalamogna, and Enzo Vita, and performed by Il Rovescio della Medaglia.
  "Feedback" contains samples of "Talagh", written by Ardalan Sarfaraz and Manouchehr Cheshmazar, and performed by Googoosh.
"Low Lights" contains samples of "So Alive (Acapella)", written by Sandy Rivera and performed by Kings of Tomorrow.
  "Freestyle 4" contains samples of "Human", written by Alison Goldfrapp, Robert Locke, Timothy Norfolk, and William Gregory, and performed by Goldfrapp.
  "Waves" contains samples and elements of "Fantastic Freaks at the Dixie", written by Fred Bratwaithe, Robin Diggs, Kevin Ferguson, Theodore Livingston, Darryl Mason, and James Whipper, and performed by Fantastic Freaks.
  "FML" contains interpolations of "Hit", written by Lawrence Cassidy, Vincent Cassidy, and Paul Wiggin, and performed by Section 25.
  "Real Friends" contains interpolations of "Friends", written by Jalil Hutchins and Lawrence Smith, and performed by Whodini.
 "Wolves" contains samples of "Walking Dub", written and performed by Sugar Minott.
"30 Hours" contains samples of "Answers Me", written and performed by Arthur Russell; interpolations of "Hot in Herre", written by Cornell Haynes, Pharrell Williams, and Charles Brown, and performed by Nelly; interpolations of "EI", written by Cornell Haynes and Jason Epperson, and performed by Nelly; and samples of "Joy", written and performed by Isaac Hayes.
  "No More Parties in LA" contains samples of "Give Me My Love", written and performed by Johnny "Guitar" Watson; samples of "Suzie Thundertussy", written and performed by Walter "Junie" Morrison; samples of "Mighty Healthy", written by Herbert Rooney, Ronald Bean, Highleigh Crizoe, and Dennis Coles, and performed by Ghostface Killah; and samples of "Stand Up and Shout About Love", written by Larry Graham Jr., Tina Graham, and Sam Dees, and performed by Larry Graham.