Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Neuvy-sur-Barangeon is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 1,106 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Nohant-en-Graçay is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 297 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Le Noyer is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 215 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
"X Gon' Give It to Ya" is a song by American rapper DMX. It is the only single off the soundtrack of the 2003 movie Cradle 2 the Grave. It also appeared on the international version of his fifth studio album Grand Champ. The song was released on December 10, 2002.

When it came out, the song was able to make it to #13 on the Hot Rap Songs, #23 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, and #60 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. It was also certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

In the song, DMX raps how even though he is now rich and successful, he remembers the place he came from and tells people not to cross him. 

A music video for the song was released. In the video, DMX speeds in a car while racing someone in a city. He raps while in the car and scenes from the movie Cradle 2 the Grave play on the car. DMX also raps while walking down the street with a group of men behind him
The song has appeared in many movies including Deadpool where it appeared on the movie's soundtrack and gained even more popularity.

References

Other websites

2003 songs
DMX songs
Hip hop songs
Oizon is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 668 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Orcenais is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 249 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Osmery is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 242 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Osmoy is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 264 people lived there.

Population

References 

Communes in Cher
Ourouer-les-Bourdelins is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 611 people lived there.

Population

References 

Communes in Cher
Parassy is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France.

References 

Communes in Cher
Parnay is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 54 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Pigny is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 994 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Plaimpied-Givaudins is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 2,091 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Plou is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 545 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Poisieux is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 216 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Presly is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 235 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Preuilly is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 439 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Primelles is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 222 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Quantilly is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 481 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Quincy is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 828 people lived there.

It is known for its white wine of the same name.

Geography 
Quincy is at 10 km of Vierzon and Bourges. The river Cher flows through Quincy.

Population

References 

Communes in Cher
"Where the Hood At?" is the first single off American rapper DMX's fifth studio album Grand Champ. The song was released on August 5, 2003.

When it came out, the song was able to make it to #13 on the Hot Rap Songs, #24 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, and #68 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. It was also certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

In the song, DMX raps about representing his neighborhood and how he and his friends will assault anyone who talks bad about it. The song is also a diss towards Ja Rule with DMX referencing Ja Rule's song "Holla Holla" with the lyric "I show no love to homo thugs".

A music video for the song was released. In the video, DMX raps in the housing projects of Yonkers, New York with a group of men and they also ride motorcycles. Swizz Beatz also appears in the video.

References

Other websites

2003 songs
DMX songs
Hip hop songs
"Party Up (Up in Here)" is the second single off of American rapper DMX's second studio album ... And Then There Was X. The song was released on April 18, 2000.

When it came out, the song was able to make it to #7 on the Rhythmic, #8 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, #11 on the Hot Rap Songs, #27 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #39 on the Mainstream Top 40 charts. It was also certified 3× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It was nominated for Best Rap Solo Performance at the 43rd Grammy Awards but lost to Eminem's "The Real Slim Shady".

In the song, DMX raps about how he's about to lose his mind and attack anybody that gets in his way.
A music video for the song was released. In the video, DMX enters a bank and a man leaves beside him wearing the same clothes. DMX enters the bank and sees that it was just robbed. He helps an injured police officer to his feet. He helps the officer out of the bank but the other officers shoot at him, thinking he's the robber and DMX runs back in. The SWAT gets sent in and he runs to the roof. He jumps off and descends from the roof. A newspaper with the headline "Mistaken Identity" is shown.

References

Other websites

2000 songs
DMX songs
Hip hop songs
Lüdenscheid is a big town in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. It is located in the west of the Sauerland region.  It is 86.73 km² and about 72,000 people live there. The mayor of Lüdenscheid is Sebastian Wagemeyer.

History 
The first people lived in the Lüdenscheid area around 900 AD. It became a city in 1268.

In the Middle Ages, Lüdenscheid became an important industrial city with many factories. People in Lüdenscheid often worked with metal. They produced buttons and wires. This was very dangerous for the city because they worked with fire. Lüdenscheid was badly damaged by fires in 1530, 1578, 1589, 1656, 1681 and 1723. Lots of buildings burned down and many people were hurt.

Later, many people also worked in the plastics industry.

Geography and climate 
Lüdenscheid is located between the rivers Lenne and Volme. There a many mountains and water reservoirs.

The summers are usually comfortable with an average of 20° and the winters are cold with some snow. There is often a lot of rain.
Sights and famous places 
Lüdenscheid has a beautiful historic city centre. One of the oldest buildings is the Church of the Redeemer (Erlöserkirche) in the city centre. Its tower was built around 1100. The library was opened in 1857 and is one of the oldest libraries in Germany. Today you can check out books, DVDs, BluRays, CDs, games and other things.

Lüdenscheid has many museums. The most famous museum is the Phänomenta. It is a science museum which shows many interesting inventions. People can do some of the experiments themselves.

Lüdenscheid's most famous park is the Stadtpark, which was created in 1888. There are forests and there is an outdoor stage. You can go to concerts there.

Culture and activities 
There are many possibilities to spend you free time in Lüdenscheid.
You can watch theatre plays, musicals, operas and concerts in the Kulturhaus or watch a movie in the cinema.

The Sterncenter, Lüdenscheid's famous shopping centre, has almost 100 shops and restaurants.
Twin towns 
Lüdenscheid is twinned with:

  Den Helder, Netherlands, since 1980
  Brighouse, England, since 1983
  Leuven, Belgium, since 1987
  Myślenice, Poland, since 1989
  Romilly-sur-Seine, France, since 1991
  Taganrog, Russia, since 1991

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Towns in North Rhine-Westphalia
Märkischer Kreis
"Padam Padam" is a 2023 song by Australian singer Kylie Minogue and is the leading single from her 16th studio album Tension. It went to the top 20 in the United Kingdom, Australia, the Netherlands, Croatia and Ireland and topped the single charts in Israel.

Track listing
Digital download / streaming
"Padam Padam" – 2:46

Digital download – extended mix
"Padam Padam" (extended mix) – 4:04
"Padam Padam" – 2:46

CD and cassette single
"Padam Padam" – 2:46
"Padam Padam" (extended mix) – 4:04

Digital download – Jax Jones remix
"Padam Padam" (Jax Jones remix) – 3:24
"Padam Padam" – 2:46

Digital download – Absolute. Padam All Weekend remix edit
"Padam Padam" (Absolute. Padam All Weekend remix edit) – 3:05

Cassette - The Mixtape
"Padam Padam" – 2:46
"Padam Padam" (Jax Jones remix) – 3:24
"Padam Padam" (Absolute. Padam All Weekend remix) – 5:10
"Padam Padam" (HAAi remix) – 6:32

References 

2023 songs
Synth-pop songs
Kylie Minogue songs
"Ruff Ryders' Anthem" is the third single off of American rapper DMX's third studio album It's Dark and Hell Is Hot. The song was released on May 5, 1998.

When it came out, the song was able to make it to #33 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and #93 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. In 2021, it was able to make it to #9 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, #16 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #36 on the Canadian Hot 100. It was also certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

During the making of the song, Swizz Beats said that DMX didn't want to do the song at first because he felt that it was too rock and roll. He eventually was talked into making it.

In the song, DMX raps about how he and his crew, the Ruff Ryders, will kill anyone who crosses them. 

A music video for the song was released. In the video, DMX and his crew drive motorcycles down the street and lift weights. He also raps on top of school buses. Swizz Beatz, The LOX, and Eve all appear in the video.
References

Other websites

1998 songs
DMX songs
Hip hop songs
Sabotage is to destroy something on purpose to make the owner weaker. The owner can be for example the government or a company. A person who does this a called a saboteur.

Crime
Activism
Luganville is the capital of the north Vanuatuan province of Sanma. In 2020, 17,719 people lived there, which makes it the largest city in Sanma Province, and the second-largest city in Vanuatu (after Port Vila).

References 

Cities in Oceania
Geography of Vanuatu
"Faucet Failure" is the first single off of American rapper Ski Mask the Slump God's first studio album Stokeley. The song was released on April 9, 2019.

The song was able to make it to #12 on the New Zealand Hot Singles, #35 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, #55 on the Canadian Hot 100, and #87 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. It was also certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

During a Genius lyrics breakdown, Ski said he made the song in 10 minutes and said that it was easiest for the album as well as the most fun to make. Faucet Failure happens when the sink doesn't work. During this, water usually drips from the taps. Ski used this in place of the word drip, which is slang for fashion. Ski used this to mean having your own style.
A music video for the song was released. It was directed by Cole Bennett. In the video, Ski sees a woman dancing and taps her on the shoulder. She turns around and it turns out to be an old man. Ski knocks the old man out. He raps next to an ostrich. Ski raps in multiple different colored rooms and dances next to a sasquatch. The old man dances dressed as Ski. The old man is now on an operating table. Ski asks what the problem with him and the doctor says he has faucet Failure, meaning be has too much drip. The sasquatch pulls his head off to reveal it was Ski.

References

Other websites

2019 songs
Ski Mask the Slump God songs
Hip hop songs
Trap songs
Obi-Wan Kenobi is a live action Star Wars television series released in 2022 on Disney+. It was directed by Deborah Chow and takes place ten years after Revenge of the Sith. The show lasts six episodes.

Story 
Former Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi is called on a mission to rescue Princess Leia, who has been captured by the Galactic Empire's Inquisitors (Jedi-hunters).

Main cast 

 Ewan McGregor as Obi-Wan Kenobi, a former Jedi
 Vivien Lyra Blair as Leia Organa, the ten-year old princess of Alderaan
 Hayden Christensen as Darth Vader, a former Jedi who turned evil
 Moses Ingram as Reva Sevander, an Inquisitor
 Indira Varma as Tala Durith, a former Imperial who helps Obi-Wan
 Rupert Friend as the Grand Inquisitor, the leader of the Inquisitors

Star Wars television series
Raymond is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 177 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Reigny is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 233 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Rezay is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 202 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Rians is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 973 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Rians is the name of two communes in France:
 Rians, Cher
 Rians, Var
Sagonne is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 189 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Aignan-des-Noyers is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 79 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Ambroix is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 374 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Baudel is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 251 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Bouize is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 293 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Caprais is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 778 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Céols is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 13 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Christophe-le-Chaudry is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 94 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Saint-Denis-de-Palin is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 286 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 408 people lived there.

References 

Communes in Cher
Duffort is a commune in the Gers department. It is in southwestern France.

Related pages 
 Communes of the Gers department

Communes in Gers
"Nuketown" is the second song off of American rapper Ski Mask the Slump God's first studio album Stokeley. The song was released on November 30, 2018. The song also featured American rapper Juice Wrld. The song's title is a reference to the Call of Duty: Black Ops map Nuketown.

The song was able to make it to #10 on the New Zealand Hot Singles, #32 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, #63 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #81 on the Canadian Hot 100 charts. It was also certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

During a Genius lyrics breakdown, Ski calls out fake friends and raps about not caring what other people think about him. Ski said that his loud, shouting chorus of "Cutthroat! Cutthroat!" was inspired by his late friend and fellow rapper XXXTentacion.
A music video for the song was released. It was directed by Cole Bennett. In the video, a man holds a picture of Ski and tells his group that they need to kill him. Ski is flying on a plane when it is shot down. Ski survives and starts shooting the men. Juice Wrld drives into the scene on an ATV and joins Ski in the gun fight. The two kill their enemies continue rapping on the tarmac.

References

Other websites

2018 songs
Ski Mask the Slump God songs
Juice Wrld songs
Hip hop songs
{{Speciesbox
| image =Raorchestes chromasynchysi.jpg
| status =VU
| status_ref =
| status_system = IUCN3.1Q
| taxon = Raorchestes chromasynchysi
| authority =(Biju and Bossuyt, 2009) 
| range_map =
|synonyms=*Philautus chromasynchysi Biju and Bossuyt, 2009Pseudophilautus chromasynchysi Li, Che, Murphy, Zhao, Zhao, Rao, and Zhang, 2009Raorchestes chromasynchysi Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta, and Bossuyt, 2010
| synonyms_ref=
}}

The confusing green bush frog (Raorchestes chromasynchysi'') is a frog.  It lives in India.  Scientists have seen it in the Western Ghat mountains.

First paper

References

Frogs of Asia
The Kollimalai bush frog (Raorchestes kollimalai) is a frog.  It lives in India.  Scientists have seen it exactly one place in the Western Ghat mountains, about 1100 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 15–45 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is light brown with darker brown spots and marks. There is a dark brown stripe on each side of its head. The stripe goes from the eye over the ear to the frog's shoulder.  The pupil of the eye is black in color with gold in it.

Scientists named this frog Kollimalai after the place where they found it.

References

Frogs of Asia
Tiberius II Constantine (Latin: Tiberius Constantinus; Greek: Τιβέριος Κωνσταντῖνος, died 14 August 582) was an Eastern Roman emperor from 574 to 582. Tiberius rose to power when Justin II proclaimed him caesar because of mental breakdown and adopted him as his own son. Tiberius was elevated to augustus by Justin II and shortly afterwards he became sole ruler of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Byzantine emperors
580s deaths
Jarya is the name for a certain type of enslaved women and slave girls in the Islamic world of the Middle Ages. Other names include  jariyah and jawaris. They were "Slaves for pleasure" (muṭʿa, ladhdha) or slave girls for sexual intercourse ((jawārī al-waṭ). They had received an artistic education. Unlike the Qiyan, they usually did not perform outside the harem of their master. 

Usually, Jarya were bought on the slave market, or they were captured in a war as a form of booty. They are mainly known because they were able to entertain a man with their artistic skills or their knowledge, rather than  sexuality and physical beauty.

Royal harems often employed  many jawaris, who acted as the entertainers of the royal harem and who were not necessarily the concubines of the ruler. The Abbasid harem had thousands of jawaris as well as concubines. The harems of many other Islamic rulers, did the same,  such as the harems of the Caliphate of Cordoba and the Fatimid Caliphate.
In the  9th-century, writer Al-Jahiz described the sexual harem slaves. He also said that with their artistic skills they had a destructive influence over their owners. According to him, these skills created a web of dependent feelings such as love (hub), passion (hawa) affinity (mushakala) and a wish for continued companionship (ilf).

References 

Slavery in the Ottoman Empire
"Nothing Else Matters" is the third single off of American metal band Metallica's fifth studio album Metallica. The song was released on April 20, 1992.

The song was able to make it to #11 on the Mainstream Rock and #34 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. It was also certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). 

When he wrote the song, James Hetfield didn't want to show it to the band at first. Hetfield said in an interview with Metal Hammer: "I thought that Metallica could only be the four of us. These are songs about destroying things, head banging, bleeding for the crowd, whatever it is, as long as it wasn't about chicks and fast cars, even though that's what we liked. The song was about a girlfriend at the time. It turned out to be a pretty big song."
A music video for the song was released. In the video, the band is recording the song in a studio. Footage of the band doing different things like shooting a basketball, donating money to a disabled veteran and choosing album artwork are shown.

References

Other websites

1992 songs
1990s ballads
Metallica songs
Miley Cyrus songs
Elton John songs
Rock ballads
Heavy metal
(, ; singular , , ) were a social class of women which existed in the pre-modern Islamic world. They were trained as entertainers. The term was used for both slaves, and free women who had this role. Some of these women came from the nobility.

Historically, the  flourished under the Umayyad Caliphate, the Abbasid Caliphate, and in Al-Andalus.

Very often the word is translated as 'singing girls' or 'singing slave girls'. This is inaccurate though: There were also older Quiyan. Also, they were skilled entertainers, and their skills were more than singing; it included for example dancing, composing music and verse, reciting historical or literary anecdotes (), calligraphy, or shadow-puppetry. Other translations include courtesan, musical concubines, or simply women musicians.

Some sources see quiyan as a subset of jawāri,  , female slaves, or even more specific, , slave girls. Sometimes, qiyan are called ,  ,, , slave-girl poets. Many  were free women. One of them was even an Abbasid princess.
The word comes from the female form of blacksmith, craftsman. The term was used for manual labourers, anyone paid to do their work. Later, it referred to people doing an artistic performance for a reward. From here, its feminine form came to have the meaning of a female performer of various arts, in a specific role.

Like other slaves in the Islamic world,  were legally sexually available to their owners. They were often associated in literature with licentiousness, and sexuality was an important part of their appeal, but they do not seem to have been prostitutes.

There were also common  who performed for the public in common -houses, and these houses were in some cases often brothels.

It is not clear how early the institution of the  emerged, but  certainly flourished during the ‘Abbasid period.
Often, slave girls that were not that beautifuil were made Qiyan; often they also had a darker skin. It is not certain that these claims were accurate. One social phenomenon that can be seen as a successor to the  is the Egyptian , courtesans or female entertainers in Medieval Egypt, educated to sing and recite classical poetry and to discourse wittily.
There are many stories about qiyan, especially of female slaves. For this reason, they are important in the history of slavery in the Islamic world. Many female poets of the Arab world in the Middle ages were qiyan. For a few , it is possible to give quite a full biography. Important medieval sources of  include a treatise by al-Jahiz (776–868/869 CE), Abu Tayyib al-Washsha's  () by ibn al-Sāʿī, and  (Choice Anecdotes from the Accounts of Concubines) by al-Suyuti (). Many of these sources recount the repartee of prominent , though there are hints that  in less wealthy households were used by their owners to attract gifts. In the 'Abbasid period,  were often educated in the cities of Basra, Ta'if, and Medina.

It has been suggested that "the geisha of Japan are perhaps the most comparable form of socially institutionalized female companionship and entertainment for [men]", but there are also many differences.
Decline 
The institution of  declined with the Abbasid Caliphate. When it first broke apart, this did not have a direct impact. The  did not take sides in political disputes. However, political instability led to tax mismanagement. Also, the new class of Turkish soldiers wanted to be paid more. This meant there was less money in the treasury. It also meant that  artistic activity could not be funded.

Citizens who used the services of qiyān, were thought to be rich. Soldiers went to rich people, looking for much money.

Soldiers also asked citizens for money, which they thought would be rich. money from citizens perceived as rich. This made ostentatious behavior risky.
Al-Andalus 
It seems that for the first century or so in al-Andalus,  were brought west after being trained in Medina or Baghdad. They might also have been trained by artists from the east. In the 11th century the Caliphate of Córdoba collapsed. At that time,  were often trained in Córdoba rather than imported after training. It seems that while female singers still existed, enslaved ones were no longer found in al-Andalus in the 14th century CE.

Famous  

 Atika bint Shuhda ()
 'Inān (,  841)
 Djamila (,  720)
 Tawaddud (a fictional but famous character, )
 Dananir al Barmakiyya (,  810s)
 Ulayya bint al-Mahdi, daughter of the caliph Al-Mahdi ( 825)
 Arib al-Ma'muniyya (, CE 797–890)
 Shāriyah (, )
 Farida (born )
 Faḍl al-Shā'irah (,  871 CE)

References

Sources

Further reading 

 Hekmat Dirbas, "Naming of Slave-girls in Arabic: A Survey of Medieval and Modern Sources", Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik, 69 (2019), 26–38, , 

Islam
Slavery in the Ottoman Empire
Albert Wesker is a main antagonist fictional character in the Resident Evil franchise.

Resident Evil characters
A gunship (not to be confused with a gunboat) is a military aircraft armed with heavy aircraft guns, primarily intended for attacking ground targets either as airstrike or as close air support.

In modern usage the term "gunship" refers to fixed-wing aircraft having laterally-mounted heavy armaments (i.e. firing to the side) to attack ground or sea targets.  The term "gunship" originated in the mid-19th century as a synonym for gunboat and also referred to the heavily armed ironclad steamships used during the American Civil War.

The term helicopter gunship is commonly used to describe armed helicopters.

World War II aviation

Attack aircraft
During World War II, the urgent need for hard-hitting attack aircraft led to the development of the heavily armed gunship versions of the North American B-25 Mitchell.

Post–World War II aviation

Fixed-wing aircraft
In the more modern, post-World War II fixed-wing aircraft category, a gunship is an aircraft having laterally-mounted heavy armaments (i.e. firing to the side) to attack ground or sea targets. 

The Douglas AC-47 Spooky was the first notable modern gunship.

Helicopter gunships

References
A gunboat is a naval watercraft. It is designed for carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies.

Gunboats were used since prior to the stream era, they changed with it. They were used in the American Civil War and were also used in e.g. World War I and II, and the Vietnam War.

History

Pre-steam era
In the age of sail, a gunboat was usually a small undecked vessel carrying a single smoothbore cannon in the bow, or just two or three such cannons. A gunboat could carry one or two masts or be oar-powered only, but the single-masted version of about  length was most typical. Some types of gunboats carried two cannons, or else mounted a number of swivel guns on the railings.

All navies of the sailing era kept a number of gunboats on hand.

Steam era
Steam era

With the introduction of steam power in the early 19th century, the Royal Navy and other navies built considerable numbers of small vessels propelled by side paddles and later by screws. Initially, these vessels retained full sailing rigs and used steam engines for auxiliary propulsion.

Gunboats experienced a revival during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Union and Confederate forces quickly converted existing passenger-carrying boats into armed sidewheel steamers. Later, some purpose-built boats, such as , joined the fray. They frequently mounted 12 or more guns, sometimes of rather large caliber, and usually carried some armor. At the same time, Britain's gunboats from the Crimean War period were starting to wear out, so a new series of classes was ordered. Construction shifted from a purely wooden hull to an iron–teak composite.
In the United States Navy, these boats had the hull classification symbol "PG", which led to their being referred to as "patrol gunboats". They usually displaced under , were about  long,  draught and sometimes much less, and mounted several guns of calibers up to . An important characteristic of these was the ability to operate in rivers, enabling them to reach inland targets in a way not otherwise possible before the development of aircraft. In this period the naval powers used gunboats for police actions in colonies or in weaker countries, for example in China (see e.g. Yangtze Patrol). This category of gunboat inspired the term "gunboat diplomacy". With the addition of torpedoes, they became "torpedo gunboats", designated by the hull classification symbol "PTG" (Patrol Torpedo Gunboat).

Vietnam War
Vietnam War

US riverine gunboats in the Vietnam War, included Patrol Boats River (PBR), constructed of fiberglass; Patrol Craft Fast (PCF), commonly known as Swift Boats, built of aluminum; and Assault Support Patrol Boats (ASPB) built of steel. U.S. Coast Guard 82-foot s supplemented these US Navy vessels. The ASPBs were commonly referred to as "Alpha" boats and primarily carried out mine-sweeping duties along the waterways, due to their all-steel construction. The ASPBs were the only US Navy riverine craft specifically designed and built for the Vietnam War. All of these boats were assigned to the US Navy's "Brownwater Navy".
Surviving vessels (incomplete)
 (1776) – USS Philadelphia resides at the National Museum of American History in Washington D.C.
 (1861) – USS Cairo is on display at the Vicksburg National Military Park in Vicksburg, Mississippi.
 (1863) – The remains of the CSS Chattahoochee are currently on display at the National Civil War Naval Museum in Columbus, Georgia.
 (1905) –  BAP América resides in Iquitos Peru. 
 (1912) – SS Zhongshan is currently preserved in Wuhan, China.
 (1930) – ARP Humaitá (C2), Museum ship as of 1992 located in Asunción, Paraguay.
 (1936) – ARM Guanajuato (C-07), located in Boca del Río, Veracruz and is undergoing restoration.

Related pages 
 Gunboat diplomacy

Notes
Notes

References
 Anderson, Roger Charles, Oared Fighting Ships: From classical times to the coming of steam. London. 1962.
 Chapelle, Howard, The History of the American Sailing Navy Norton. 1949.
 Friedman, Norman. US Small Combatants: An Illustrated Design History. 1987; Naval Institute Press. .
 Glete, Jan, Navies and Nations: Warships, Navies and State Building in Europe and America 1500–1860 (vol 2) Almqvist & Wiksell International, Stockholm. 1993. 
 Preston, John Antony, Send a Gunboat! The Victorian Navy and Supremacy at Sea, 1854–1904. Conway Maritime, London. 2007. .

Other websites

 HMS Gannet 

 

 
Ship types
Naval ships
In the 21st century, many Islamist groups, such as Boko Haram, or ISIS, have captured and enslaved women and children, often for sexual slavery. In 2014 in particular, both groups organised mass kidnappings of large numbers of girls and younger women. They say that they lead a war against "infidels".

The fighters get the enslaved girls and women as a compensation for their fighting to rebuild the Caliphate.

Enslavement

By Boko Haram 
The first report of slave-taking by Boko Haram was on 13 May 2013. At that time,  a video was released. In it, Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau said his group had taken women and children - including teenage girls - hostage in response to the arrest of its members' wives and children.

According to Islamism expert Jonathan N.C. Hill, Boko Haram began kidnapping large numbers of girls and young women for sexual use in 2014.
The attacks were similar to Algerian Islamists in the 1990s and early 2000s. The group al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb has probably influenced Boko Haram with this.

The BBC quoted a community leader from  Borno state. He said that some of  captured young women and teenage girls held by Boko Haram have been forced to marry one Boko Haram fighter after another as the fighters are killed. "Any time they go for an operation and one of the fighters is killed they will force the young woman to marry another one ... Eventually she becomes a habitual sex slave."

By ISIS
By ISIS 

The Economist reports that ISIS (also called "Islamic State") has taken "as many as 2,000 women and children" captive, selling and distributing them as sexual slaves. Some women were reportedly sold via auction and even via online auction to Saudi Arabia and elsewhere. Matthew Barber, a scholar of Yazidi history at the University of Chicago, later stated to have compiled a list of 4,800 captured Yazidi women and children, and estimated that the overall number could be up to 7,000. Yazidi are a small minority who practice a religion based on "a mix of Christian, Islamic, and ancient Mesopotamian beliefs".
According to reports The Daily Telegraph said were credible, virgins among the captured women were selected and given to commanders as sexual slaves. According to an August 2015 story in The New York Times, "The trade in Yazidi women and girls has created a persistent infrastructure, with a network of warehouses where the victims are held, viewing rooms where they are inspected and marketed, and a dedicated fleet of buses used to transport them."
Research about a pamphlet
In April 2015, Zainab Bangura, the United Nations special envoy on sexual violence in conflict, visited Iraq. She received a copy of an Islamic State pamphlet including a list of prices for captured women and children.  According to a story on the list in Bloomberg, the list's authenticity "was established by UN researchers who'd gathered anecdotes on similar slave markets in Islamic State-controlled areas". The captives are non-Muslim minorities, "mostly Arab Christians and Yazidis" who have refused to convert to Islam and whose adult male relatives have been murdered. Bidders for the captive women and children include "the groups own fighters and wealthy Middle Easterners".

References 

Modern-day slavery
Islamic terrorism
21st century
"Pinch Me" is a 2000 song by Barenaked Ladies and is the leading single from their fifth studio album Maroon. It went to number 15 in the United States, number 41 in New Zealand and number 4 in Canada. It was their final top 40 single in the United States

Track listings

US CD single
 "Pinch Me" (radio edit)
 "Powder Blue"

US 7-inch single
 "Pinch Me" (radio edit) – 3:48
 "Falling for the First Time" (album version) – 3:40

European and Australian CD single
 "Pinch Me"
 "Pinch Me" (radio edit)
 "Inline Bowline"
 "Born Human"

References

2000 songs
Barenaked Ladies songs
The Kafkania pebble is a pebble, small in size, and round in shape, found on 1 April 1994, near a river in Kafkania, north of Olympia. The pebble contains some Mycenaean Greek words, including a image of a labrys. The text and image on the pebble is suggested to have come from the 17th century BC. If the pebble is truly a ancient artifact, it would have been the earliest writing to come from Greece, and by far the earliest document written in Mycenaean Greek. However, it is most likely a modern-day hoax.

Inscription  
There is an short inscription consisting of three words written on the pebble, probably reading as:

On the other side of the pebble, there is a image of a labrys.

Some believe that the inscription is written in Mycenaean Greek, but it is disputed.

G. Owens suggested that the inscription is written in Minoan, rather than Mycenaean Greek. Then, a Minoan could have written the text for a Mycenaean. No evidence exists that the Mycenaeans wrote text before the 14th century BC.

History of Greece
DXP ( stylized as D|XP ) is a video-game style programming block that aired on Disney XD. It aired weekday nights from Monday to Friday for 6 hours at 9:00pm to 3:00am. The block contained content produced by Disney Digital Network (under the Polaris banner) and Digomind Productions, along with shows produced by other various companies like Vice, Attack Media and IGN.

Programming

Live Events 
not only does D|XP air shows, it airs live events, there are themes such as E-sports and events based on video games ( such as Street Fighter IV, Super Smash Bros, etc. )

Disney Channel television series
"When a Blind Man Cries" is a 1972 song by British rock band Deep Purple and was originally released as a B-side to the single Never Before. It was recorded during the sessions to their sixth studio album Machine Head in 1971. It has been covered by Bon Jovi and Metallica for their album Re-Machined: A Tribute to Deep Purple's Machine Head.

References

1972 songs
Deep Purple songs
Bon Jovi songs
Metallica songs
Blues rock songs
The siege of Lisbon (Portuguese: Cerco de Lisboa), was a short-lived blockade undertaken by Anglo-Norman crusaders. The siege began in the summer of 1142. Shortly after the siege began, Anglo-Norman crusaders realized that it would not last long, because they were few in number.  They then destroyed the outskirts of the city Lisbon, before abandoning it until 1147, when they returned with more people.

1142
Lisbon
Al-Andalus
Katri Suutari is an archer from Finland. She was born on 8 April 1976. Suutari competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

References 

1976 births
Living people
Finnish archers
Finnish Olympians
Markku Syrjälä is an archer from Finland. He was born on 12 May 1955. Syrjälä competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

References 

1955 births
Living people
Finnish archers
Finnish Olympians
Tommi Tuovila is an archer from Finland. He was born on 8 July 1971. Tuovila competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

References 

1971 births
Living people
Finnish archers
Finnish Olympians
Antti Vikström is an archer from Finland. He was born on 15 January 1993. Vikström competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

References 

1993 births
Living people
Finnish archers
Finnish Olympians
"Enter Sandman" is the third single off of American metal band Metallica's fifth studio album Metallica. The song was released on July 29, 1991.

The song was able to make it to #10 on the Mainstream Rock, #16 on the Billboard Hot 100, and RPM's Canada Top Singles charts. Both the physical and mastertone releases were  certified Gold and the digital release was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It was nominated for Best Rock Song at the 34th Grammy Awards but lost to Sting's "The Soul Cages".
When they were writing the song, Hetfield at first had "Disrupt the perfect family" which he wrote about sudden infant death syndrome. He wanted this instead of "Off to never never land". He also wanted the sandman to kill the baby but said that it was too corny. In an interview with Uncut, Hetfield said  "I wanted more of the mental thing where this kid gets manipulated by what adults say. And you know when you wake up with that shit in your eye? That's supposedly been put in there by the sandman to make you dream. So the guy in the song tells this little kid that and he kinda freaks. He can't sleep after that and it works the opposite way. Instead of a soothing thing, the table's turned." In the song, Hetfield sings the bedtime prayer "Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep".
A music video for the song was released. It was directed by Wayne Isham. In the video, a child is in bed having nightmares while sleeping. In his nightmares, he is drowning, jump off a building, gets covered in snakes and is chased by a semi truck. R. G. Armstrong plays the old man in the video.

Virginia Tech uses the song for many of their athletic events. American professional wrestler The Sandman used the song during his time in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW).

References

Other websites

1991 songs
Metallica songs
Weezer songs
Hard rock songs
Heavy metal
All Out (2023) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). It was held on September 3, 2023 at United Center in Chicago, Illinois. It was the fifth All Out event to take place.

The main event saw Jon Moxley defeat Orange Cassidy to win the AEW International Championship. Moxley ended up hitting Cassidy with the Death Rider and getting the pinfall victory.

Matches

References

2023 in sports
2023 in the United States
All Elite Wrestling shows
Sports in Chicago
Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory (CHC) is a science model that tells about how intelligence works. It was made by three psychologists. These psychologists are Raymond B. Cattell, John L. Horn and John B. Carroll. They used factor analysis to discover it.

CHC theory says that there are relationships or levels of cognitive abilities. g, or "general intelligence," is the most stable of any level. It predicts the best. Next, there are "broad abilities." These are things like how much knowledge you have, or your ability to reason. Both g  and these broad abilities are measured by individual tests.

References

Intelligence
"Angel of the Morning" is a 1967 song written by Chip Taylor and was originally recorded by Evie Sands and first charted by Merrille Rush. It went to number 1 in Canada and number 7 in the United States. In 1981 it was covered by Juice Newton for her sixth studio album Juice. It went to number 4 in the United States and Switzerland, number 1 in Canada and number 5 in New Zealand.

References

1967 songs
1960s ballads
Pop ballads
Juice Newton songs
Olivia Newton-John songs
Bonnie Tyler songs
The Pretenders songs‎
Melba Montgomery songs
Dusty Springfield songs
Jawan () is an Indian Hindi , Tamil, Telugu language action thriller movie. Atlee Kumar made his Hindi movie debut by writing and directing this movie. It is produced by Gauri Khan and Gaurav Verma under Red Chillies Entertainment. It stars Shah Rukh Khan in a multiple roles, along with Vijay Sethupathi, Nayanthara and Sanya Malhotra in lead roles. The music of the movie is composed by Anirudh Ravichander.

Cast

Release 
Jawan was released worldwide on 7 September 2023 in various languages such as Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada languages. It became the first Indian movie to be release at the world's largest movie theater IMAX Leonberg. Jawan premiered on over 10,000 screens worldwide, highest for a Hindi film and one of the highest for an Indian film. The film will be streaming on  netflix premier on 2 November 2023.

References

Other websites 
 
  
 
 

2023 movies
Indian movies
"Catch Me Outside" is the third single off of American rapper Ski Mask the Slump God's second mixtape You Will Regret. The song was released on June 13, 2017. The title of the song is a reference to an internet meme of Danielle Bregoli on Dr. Phil.

The song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

The song is a freestyle rap over the beat of Missy Elliott's 1999 song "She's a Bitch". Elliott said that she was a fan of the song, saying "Oh he rode the heck out of this Fiyahthis my She's a Bith beat! Me & @Timbaland did this beat in 1999 & it still Bang! big up".
A music video for the song was released. It was directed by Cole Bennett. In the video, Ski is in Times Square carrying around a doll of Chucky from the Child's Play movies. He smokes a joint, drinks lean out of a Sprite bottle, and hangs out with street performers dressed as the Statue of Liberty. He is also seen rapping to himself in a mirror and out of the window in the back of a car. Rolling Stone ranked the video #137 on their list of The 150 Greatest Hip-Hop Videos of All Time. Pitchfork also put the video on their list of their favorite music videos of the 2010s.

References

Other websites

2017 songs
Ski Mask the Slump God songs
Hip hop songs
"Falling Down" is the first single off of American rapper Lil Peep's second and final studio album Come Over When You're Sober, Pt. 2. The song was released on September 19, 2018. American rapper XXXTentacion also appears on the song.

The song was able to make it to #13 on the Billboard Hot 100, #35 on the Alternative Airplay, and #40 on the Rhythmic charts. It was also certified 3× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Since both rappers had died by then, the mothers of both Peep and X came together to accept the plaques.
The originally recorded song was called "Sunlight on Your Skin" and was by iLoveMakonnen and Lil Peep. The song was left unfinished because Peep ended up dying from a drug overdose on November 15, 2017. Rapper XXXTentacion heard the snippet and iLoveMakonnen let X record a verse to replace his. Some of Peep's friends like fellow GothBoiClique member Fish Narc and rapper Lil Tracy didn't like that X was included because of his legal history. Fish and Tracy later retracted their statements with Fish saying that it was "what [he] said in anger".

In the song, Peep raps about missing a girl and that things don't feel the same when she isn't around. Makonnen said that the name "Falling Down" was chosen because it was heavily pouring rain outside of the studio when they were recording the song in London.

References

Other websites

2018 songs
XXXTentacion songs
Hip hop songs
"Queen of My Heart" is a 1983 song by American country singer Hank Williams Jr. and is the leading single from his 36th studio album Man of Steel. It went to number 6 on the Canadian country charts and number 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts.

Notes

1983 songs
Hank Williams Jr. songs
Noakhalian or Noakhailla Bengali is a dialect of Bengali language, spoken in the Greater Noakhali, South Tripura and some other parts of Chittagong Division. Irish linguist Grierson classified this dialect in the Southeastern Bengali group of dialects of Bengali language.
Many other linguists like Suniti Kumar Chatterji and Sukumar Sen classified this dialect under Vanga group of dialects of Bengali language. Linguist Dr. Muhammad Shahidulla placed this dialect under Prachya or eastern dialects of Bengali language.

References

Bengali language
Bengali dialects
Languages of Bangladesh
The Huanglianshan bush frog or Huanglianshan shrub frog (Raorchestes huanglianshan) is a frog.  It lives in China and Thailand.  The scientists found it on Mt. Huanglian, between 1600 and 1900 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is about 17.0-19.6 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 21.5 mm long.  The skin of the frog's back is brown-gray in color with orange marks on the top of its head and a darker brown mark on its back in the shape of the letter X. It has three brown spots under each eye. It has disks on its toes for climbing. The disks are orange in color.  Its belly is gray-white in color.

Scientists named this frog for Mt. Huanglian because they found it there.

References

Frogs of Asia
Elliot Oliver Robertson Rodger (July 24, 1991 – May 23, 2014) was an English-American former college student, and the sole perpetrator of the 2014 Isla Vista killings.

1991 births
2014 deaths
American murderers
Murderers who committed suicide
Suicides by firearm in the United States

References
Kayangel is the northernmost state of Palau. It consists of five settlements and is by area and population the country's second smallest state. The capital is Kayangel.

States of Palau
Coolie is the name for a person who does unskilled work at a low wage. Typically these people were of Indian or Chinese descent. Today, it is a pejorative term, and should no longer be used.

The term was first used by European traders, in the 16th century. By the 18th century, the term referred to migrant workers from India. There was a system that resembled indentured servitude.

History of India