Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Geography 
The FATA are bordered by: Afghanistan to the west with the border marked by the Durand Line, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa to the north and east, and Balochistan to the south.

The seven Tribal Areas lie in a north-to-south strip that is adjacent to the west side of the six Frontier Regions, which also lie in a north-to-south strip. The areas within each of those two regions are geographically arranged in a sequence from north to south.

The geographical arrangement of the seven Tribal Areas in order from north to south is:
Bajaur Agency, Mohmand Agency, Khyber, Orakzai Agency, Kurram, North Waziristan, South Waziristan.
The geographical arrangement of the six Frontier Regions in order from north to south is:
Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, Lakki Marwat, Tank, Dera Ismail Khan.

References 

Federally Administered Tribal Areas
Territories of Pakistan
Azrael is the archangel of death. It is an English form of the Arabic name Azra'il or Azra'eil (), the name traditionally attributed to the angel of death in Islam and some Hebrew lore. The Qur'an never uses this name, referring instead to Malaikat al-Maut (which translates directly as angels of death; not one angel). Since it is not mentioned either in the Qur'an nor Hadith, it is not part of the religion. It is thought by some to be legendary or adapted from other religions. It is also spelled Izrail, Izrael, Azrail, Ezraeil, Azraille, or Ozryel. Chambers English dictionary uses the spelling Azrael. The name means Whom God Helps. 

Islam
The Mangla Dam () in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan is the twelfth largest dam in the world. It is the second largest earth filled dam after Tarbela Dam. The dam was built in 1967 with funding from the World Bank.

Other websites 
   Pictures - Mangla Dam
 Site of Jhelum where Mangla Dam is located 

Dams in Asia
Buildings and structures in Pakistan
Hydropower
1967 establishments in Asia
1960s establishments in Pakistan
An exhibition game (also known as simply exhibition, or a demonstration event, a friendly, a preparation match, a warm-up game) is a sporting event in which there is no competitive value of any real kind to any competitor (such as tournament or season rankings, or prize money) regardless of the outcome of the competition. The types of matches are usually played before a season so the coach can try a new formation or select players from the bench, like in Association football.  

Some sports have an all-star game. This means that the best players are picked from that league and they play against another all-star team or a better team from another country. These matches are usually friendlies, but have a little more competition. An example is the MLS All-Stars against Real Madrid CF.

References 

Sports words
Enrique Miguel Iglesias Preysler (born 8 May 1975) is a Spanish pop singer-songwriter. He was born in Madrid. His parents are Spanish singer Julio Iglesias (born 1943) and Filipina journalist Isabel Preysler (born 1951).

His career started on Mexican label Fonovisa. They helped turn him into one of the most popular artists in Latin America and in the Latin market in the United States. He sold more Spanish albums than any other artists in the 1990s. Before 2000, he made a crossover into the mainstream English market.  He signed a unique multi-album deal with Universal Music for $48,000,000. Universal Music Latino would release his Spanish albums and Interscope would release English albums. In 2010 he signed to Universal Republic and released his first full bilingual album.
Enrique Iglesias has sold over 100 million records worldwide and has had two Billboard Hot 100 #1s and one #3. He holds the record for producing twenty-two number #1 Spanish language singles on the Billboard's Hot Latin Tracks. Altogether, Iglesias has 69 number-one rankings on the various Billboard charts.

He is dating tennis player Anna Kournikova.

Discography
Spanish-language studio albums
 Enrique Iglesias (1995)
 Vivir (1997)
 Cosas del Amor (1998)
 Quizás (2002)

English-language studio albums
 Enrique (1999)
 Escape (2001)
 7 (2003)
 Insomniac (2007)

Bilingual studio albums
 Euphoria (2010)
 Reloaded (TBA)

Filmography

Awards and nominations
Enrique Iglesias is one of the most celebrated Latin musical artists of all time. He has won 16 Billboard Music Awards and 23 Billboard Latin Music Awards.  He has also won 5 American Music Awards, a Grammy, a Latin Grammy and 7 World Music Awards. He won an award for Best International Pop Act at the MTV India Awards.
As well as being named "King of Latin Pop", he has won 15 Premios Lo Nuestro awards. In 2000, he was awarded Most Fashionable Artist at the VH1/Vogue Fashion Awards. In 2001, for the release of his second English studio album Escape, he received awards for Best-Selling Pop Male Artist and European Male Artist at the World Music Awards. Iglesias won an award for Most Successful Spanish Artist of the Decade at Premios Ondas in 2002.

References

Other websites 

Grammy Award winners
Latin singers
Musicians from Madrid
Pop musicians
Spanish movie actors
Spanish singer-songwriters
Spanish television actors
1975 births
Living people
Latin Grammy Award winners
American Music Awards
Interscope Records artists
An academy (Greek ἀκαδημία) is an institution of higher learning, research, or honorary membership.
The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded about 385 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the goddess of wisdom, north of Athens, Greece.

Tertiary education
Sergei Viktorovich Fedorov (Russian:Сергей Викторович Фёдоров, Sergey Viktorovich Fyodorov; born December 13 1969 in Pskov, Soviet Union) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey forward and occasional defenseman who plays for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League. He gained fame playing for the Detroit Red Wings before tenures with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Columbus Blue Jackets.

References

Other websites

1969 births
Columbus Blue Jackets players
Detroit Red Wings players
Hart Memorial Trophy winners
Living people
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players
Russian Olympic bronze medalists
Russian Olympic silver medalists
Stanley Cup champions
Washington Capitals players
Ice hockey centres
The Spartak Tennis Club is a tennis training ground near Sokolniki Park in Moscow, Russia. It has 15 outdoor clay courts, which remain closed for half of the year, and only one indoor court. Although the facilties are getting old, many top Russian tennis players trained there. These include Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Marat Safin, Elena Dementieva, Dinara Safina, Anastasia Myskina, and Anna Kournikova are all graduates of Spartak.

References

Tennis organisations
Sports organizations of Russia
Pavel Vladimirovich Bure (; born on March 31, 1971 in Moscow, Russian SFSR) is a Russian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played a career total of 12 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Vancouver Canucks, Florida Panthers and New York Rangers. He was nicknamed "The Russian Rocket" because of his speed. He began his hockey training in the Soviet Union, where he was known as "Pasha".

In a press conference in Moscow on November 1, 2005, Bure announced that he was retiring from professional hockey because of complications with his chronically injured knee. On June 27, 2012, Bure was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame along with Joe Sakic, Adam Oates and Mats Sundin.

On November 2, 2013, the Canucks retired Bure's #10 jersey.

References

Other websites
1971 births
Calder Trophy winners
Florida Panthers players
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Living people
New York Rangers players
Russian Olympic bronze medalists
Russian Olympic silver medalists
Rocket Richard Trophy winners
Russian ice hockey right wingers
Soviet sportspeople
Sportspeople from Moscow
Vancouver Canucks players
FHM or For Him Magazine is an international monthly magazine. The magazine began publication in 1985 in the United Kingdom under the name For Him and changed its title to FHM in 1994, although the full For Him Magazine continues to be printed on the spine of each issue. Founded by Chris Astridge, the magazine was a predominantly fashion-based publication distributed through high street men's fashion outlets. Circulation expanded to newsagents as a quarterly by the spring of 1987. FHM was sold from EMAP to Bauer in December 2007.

References 

Magazines of the United Kingdom
Monica Seles is a retired professional tennis player. She is a member of the International Tennis Hall of Fame. She has represented the United States as well as Yugoslavia.

Female tennis players
Living people
1973 births
American Olympic bronze medalists
American crime victims
American philanthropists
American tennis players
Animal rights activists
Australian Open champions
Environmentalists
French Open champions
Hungarian people
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Sarasota, Florida
Serbian tennis players
US Open (tennis) champions
Violence in sports
World No. 1 tennis players
Yugoslavian sportspeople
Lindsay Ann Davenport (born June 8, 1976 in Palos Verdes, California) is a former World No. 1 American professional tennis player. She has won three Grand Slam singles tournaments, three Grand Slam doubles tournaments and, in 1996, an Olympic gold medal in singles. She is one of only four women (the others being Steffi Graf, Martina Navratilova, and Chris Evert) since 1975 who has been the year-end World No. 1 at least four times. Davenport finished 1998, 2001, 2004, and 2005 as the top ranked player.

She is a daughter of Wink Davenport.

References

1976 births
American tennis players
American Olympic gold medalists
Australian Open champions
French Open champions
Living people
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Los Angeles County, California
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
Natalya "Natasha" Zvereva (; born April 16, 1971) is a retired tennis player from Belarus.  Playing initially for the Soviet Union, Zvereva won many doubles titles during the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s.

Other websites
 
 
 

1971 births
Belarusian tennis players
Female tennis players
French Open champions
Living people
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
Max Mirnyi (born July 6, 1977, in Minsk) is a tennis player from Belarus. A doubles specialist, he holds seven Grand Slam titles: men's doubles in the 2000 and 2002 US Open and 2005 and 2006 French Open; and mixed doubles in the 1998 and 2007 U.S. Opens and 1998 Wimbledon.

References

1977 births
Living people

Belarusian tennis players
Male tennis players
Sportspeople from Minsk
Filderstadt () is a town in the district of Esslingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is about  south of Stuttgart.
Filderstadt is next to the Stuttgart Airport.

Filderstadt was created in 1975 from five smaller towns called Bernhausen, Bonlanden, Plattenhardt, Sielmingen and Harthausen.

From 1978 to 2005, the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix, a Women's Tennis Association Tier II event, was held in Filderstadt.

References

Towns in Baden-Württemberg
Esslingen (district)
Berlei is a brand of women's underwear and in particular bras and girdles
. 
The brand started in Australia in 1917

. 
Berlei bras are now sold worldwide by Hanesbrands.

The name came from that of the firm's founder, Frederick R. Burley, who felt that his name as normally spelled was not appropriate to his products.

Berlei Limited was one of the first Australian companies to expand outside Australia. Berlei (New Zealand) Limited was incorporated in 1923 and Berlei (U.K.) Limited was organised in 1930.

References

Clothing companies of Australia
1917 establishments
1910s establishments in Australia
Lycos is a search engine and web portal centered around broadband entertainment content.

Internet
K-Swiss, Inc. is an American footwear company. It is based in Westlake Village, California. It designs, develops, and markets a range of athletic shoes under the K-Swiss brand and its wholly owned subsidiary Royal Elastics, Inc.

K-Swiss was founded in 1966 in Los Angeles, California, by two Swiss brothers who became interested in tennis after emigrating to the United States, where they introduced the first leather tennis shoes.

American clothing companies
Companies based in Los Angeles
1966 establishments in California
Gwadar is on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, on the Sea of Oman. It is between three increasingly important regions: the oil-rich Middle East, heavily populated South Asia and the economically emerging and resource-laden region of Central Asia. The Gwadar Port is expected to generate billions of dollars in revenues and create at least two million jobs. In 2007, the government of Pakistan handed over port operations to PSA Singapore for 25 years, and gave it the status of a Tax Free Port for the following 40 years. There is also money invested into the port by the People's Republic of China. The strategic PRC plan to be engaged in many places along oil and gas roads is evident.

Government and NGO links 
 Real time News and Development, Central Asia Economy watch, Website sponsored by GDA, Pak 

Cities in Balochistan (Pakistan)
Tehsils of Gwadar District
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (October 17, 1817– 27 March 1898) was a teacher and politician. He was a philosopher as well. He was also a social reformer. Furthermore, he founded the school that would later become Aligarh Muslim University. 

In 1857, there was a rebellion in India. This is known as the First Indian War of Independence. During this time, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan kept loyal to the British; He also saved many European lives. After the rebellion, he wrote a book where he said the British were, in fact, those who caused the rebellion. To settle whether Sir Syed was a communitarian or a communalist, we need to assess the speeches and articles which he wrote. One such speech of Sir Syed, which he gave in Meerut in the year 1888, clearly shows that Sir Syed turned to arguments fielded by religious fanatics to develop a communal alliance between Indian Muslims and British Christians. He said,
He was unhappy about the position of Muslims in India, as their social and economic status was declining. According to Sir Syed, Muslims had to bring a positive approach to the British and accept their ways of education. He wanted the Muslims to benefit from the British. To achieve this task, he had to bring about cooperation between the Muslims and the British. To accomplish this, he did the following things:
Wrote the loyal Muslims of India to prove that their community was not disloyal to the British and to ask the British to end their hostility.
Wrote a pamphlet “essay on the causes of the Indian Revolt” and pointed out the reasons for the outbreak of 1857. This pamphlet was circulated for free among the British officials.
Wrote Tabyin-ul-kalam to point out similarities between Islam and Christianity.
Established the British Indian Association.
Sir Syed played a vital role in the educational uplift of the Muslims in India. He did the following things to improve the educational standards:
Set up a journal, Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq, which contained articles of influential Muslims who agreed with Sir Syed's approach towards education.
Founded scientific society in Ghazipur in 1863.
Opened school in Moradabad in 1859.
Opened school in Ghazipur in 1864.
Made a committee to raise funds for new schools.
Set up a Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental school in Aligarh on 24 May 1875.
Set up Muslim educational conferences in 1866 to raise the standards of education.
Sir Syed also increased the political awareness of Muslims in the Sub-continent. At first, he believed in Hindu-Muslim unity, but later resolved to the two-nation theory. In 1885, the Indian National Congress was set up. It claimed to be the body of every Indian, regardless of religion. However, it later proved to be functioning only for the Hindus and tried to eradicate the Muslims. The Congress made three demands:
Political representation according to the population. This obviously meant Hindu domination as they were a dominant majority in India and Sir Syed opposed it.
Appointment in government should be by competitive examinations. Sir Syed opposed this because he knew that the educational standards of the Hindus were much better than the Muslims.
The next official language should be Hindi, replacing Urdu. Urdu had a special place in the Muslim hearts, and Sir Syed opposed this. The British accepted this demand.
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan played a vital role in improving the Muslim status. He worked tirelessly to restore relations between the Muslims and the British. He brought the Muslim revival through the Aligarh movement and showed the importance of education. Likewise, he brought an idea about the Two-nation theory and is hence known as “The Father of The Pakistan Movement”  

1817 births
1898 deaths
People of British India
Politicians from New Delhi
Knights Companion of the Order of the Star of India
Teachers
Indian Muslims
United Airlines Flight 93 was an airline flight that, on September 11, 2001, was hijacked and crashed on purpose. On that day, the flight was to fly from Newark International Airport (later renamed Newark Liberty International Airport), in Newark, New Jersey, USA to San Francisco International Airport.

The aircraft was hijacked by four men as part of the al-Qaeda organized attack on the United States on September 11, 2001. Soon after the flight took off, the hijackers entered the cockpit and overpowered the pilots. They took control of the aircraft and flew it toward Washington, D.C. Several passengers and crew members made telephone calls aboard the flight and learned about the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The passengers then decided to attack the hijackers and retake the aircraft.
The hijackers crashed the plane in a field to prevent the passengers from succeeding in breaching the cockpit door just outside Shanksville, Pennsylvania, about  northwest of Washington, D.C., killing all crew members and passengers. An investigation determined that the actions of the passengers on board had prevented the hijackers from reaching Washington, D.C.

Flight
On September 11, 2001, United Airlines flight 93 was a scheduled morning flight from Newark to San Francisco. The aircraft for the flight was a Boeing 757. The aircraft could carry  182 passengers; but the flight had 37 passengers and 7 crew members, which was low.
Hijackers
The hijackers were led by Ziad Jarrah, a member of al-Qaeda. Jarrah was born in Lebanon. He moved to Germany in 1996, enrolling at the University of Greifswald to study German. He also started dating a German-Turkish dental student named Aysel Sengün. A year later, he moved to Hamburg, Germany and began studying aeronautical engineering at Hamburg University of Applied Sciences. While living in Hamburg, Jarrah became involved with a group of radical Islamic terrorists. This group was known as the "Hamburg Cell."

In November 1999, Jarrah left for Afghanistan, where he spent three months. In Afghanistan in January 2000, he met with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. Jarrah returned to Germany at the end of January and obtained a new passport with no Afghan passport stamps in February by falsely reporting his passport as stolen.

In June 2000, Jarrah arrived in Florida in June 2000. He began taking flying lessons as well as training in hand-to-hand combat.
Four other hijackers were trained to physically fight with the crew. Three of them accompanied Jarrah on Flight 93. They were Ahmed al-Nami, Hamza al-Ghamdi and Mohand al-Shehri.

On August 3, 2001, the intended fifth hijacker, Mohammed al-Qahtani, flew to Orlando, Florida, USA from Dubai. He was questioned by officials, who did not believe that he could support himself with only $2,800 cash, and suspicious that he intended to become an illegal immigrant because he was using a one-way ticket. He was sent back to Dubai, and later  returned to Saudi Arabia.

At 5:01 a.m. on the morning of September 11, Jarrah placed a cell phone call from Newark to Marwan al-Shehhi, the hijacker pilot of United Airlines Flight 175, in Boston. This call was apparently to confirm that the attacks were ready to begin.
With the attacks unfolding, air traffic officials began issuing warnings through the Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS). Ed Ballinger, the United flight dispatcher, began sending text cockpit warnings to United Airlines flights at 09:19, 17 minutes after he became aware of Flight 175's impact. Ballinger was responsible for multiple flights, and he sent the message to Flight93 at 09:23. Ballinger received a routine ACARS message from Flight93 at 09:21: "Good morning...Nice clb (climb) outta EWR [Newark Airport]." The message commented about the sights from the cockpit and the weather, and was signed off with the initial, "J.", indicating it came from Jason Dahl, who knew Ballinger. At 09:22, after learning of the events at the World Trade Center, LeRoy Homer's wife, Melody Homer, had an ACARS message sent to her husband in the cockpit asking if he was all right
. At 09:24, Flight93 received Ballinger's ACARS warning, "Beware any cockpit intrusiontwo a/c [aircraft] hit World Trade Center". At 09:26, after the pilots twice checked in with a routine altitude and weather report to an air traffic controller at the FAA's Cleveland Center, Dahl wrote a hasty, misspelled ACARS reply: "Ed cofirm latest mssg plz-Jason". At 09:27:25, as the aircraft was crossing into eastern Ohio airspace, the flight crew responded to a routine radio call from a Cleveland air traffic controller, who told them to watch for another plane twelve miles away and two thousand feet above them. They said contact was negative and they were looking. This was the last communication made by the flight crew before the hijacking.
The hijacking began at 09:28. By this time, Flights 11 and 175 had already crashed into the World Trade Center and Flight77 was within nine minutes of striking the Pentagon. The hijackers on those flights had waited no more than thirty minutes to commandeer the aircraft, most likely striking after the seat belt sign had been turned off and cabin service had begun. It is unknown why the hijackers on Flight93 waited 46 minutes to begin their assault. According to reports from passengers and crew, the hijackers tied red bandanas around their heads and sprang from their seats. At 9:28:05, as the flight cruised at 35,000 feet over eastern Ohio, the plane abruptly dropped 685 feet
. At 09:28:17, eleven seconds into the descent, Cleveland heard a man scream into the cockpit radio: "Mayday! Mayday! Mayday!" A second raspy shout went, "Hey! Get out of here!" Cleveland Air Traffic Controller John Werth didn't know the source of the call he heard, and could only make out what he heard as "just some gruttural, gruttural sounds." He responded, "Somebody call Cleveland?", before he noticed Flight 93's rapid descent and heard at 09:28:50 another transmission from the cockpit, screams alongside an even more desperate and garbled refrain: "Hey! Get out of here! Get out of here!" The commission made no conclusion as to whether it was Dahl or co-pilot LeRoy Homer giving the distress call, but when Melody Homer and Sandy Dahl, Jason Dahl's wife, together listened to the tape, Melody Homer claimed to have recognised her husband’s voice as the man who was shouting. The flight dropped  in half a minute before the hijackers stabilized the aircraft at 34,315 feet, and soon began climbing southeast
. Of the four hijacked aircraft on 9/11, Flight93 was the only aircraft that broadcast a distress call. It is likely that because the pilots had been warned of the World Trade Center attacks and to beware of cockpit intrusion, when the hijackers attacked them, they purposely pressed on the talk button of the radio microphone, so sounds of the struggle in the cockpit will be heard by FAA ground controllers and by pilots of planes on the same radio frequency. Werth believed it was not just a call for help, but a warning as well. During the next two minutes, Werth made seven attempts to contact Flight 93, with no reply, while other controllers moved nearby flights out of the way.
Tom Burnett made several phone calls to his wife beginning at 09:30:32 from rows 24 and 25, though he was assigned a seat in row 4. Burnett explained that the plane had been hijacked by men claiming to have a bomb. He also said a passenger had been stabbed with a knife and that he believed the bomb threat was a ruse to control the passengers. He told her to call the authorities, then hung up. During his second call to her, Burnett said the stabbed passenger was dead; he checked for a pulse but found none. It is believed that passenger Mark Rothenberg was the victim. Rothenberg was the only first class passenger who didn't make a phone call after the hijacking. Rothenberg was seated in 5B, and Haznawi sat directly behind him in 6B. On Flight 11, Satam al-Suqami in seat 10B attacked passenger Daniel Lewin, who was seated directly in front of him in 9B. One assumption is that Haznawi attacked Rothenberg, unprovoked, to frighten other passengers and crew into compliance
. Alternatively, Rothenberg may have attempted to stop the hijacking and confront the hijackers. Burnett's wife informed him of the attacks on the World Trade Center and he replied that the hijackers were "talking about crashing this plane.... Oh my God. It's a suicide mission." He began asking her for information about the attacks, interrupting her from time to time to tell the others nearby what she was saying. Then he hung up. In his next call, Burnett, who had been informed of the attack on the Pentagon, said he was putting together a plan and that "a group" were helping him. He ended his last call by saying, "Don't worry, we're going to do something."
In the cockpit, the wounded man continued to moan and seemingly repeat disengaging the autopilot, as at 09:40, there were horn sounds that indicating the hijackers were repeatedly having trouble with the autopilot and were fiddling with a green knob. "This green knob?" one of the hijackers asks the other in Arabic. Another hijacker responded, "Yes, that's the one."  At 09:41:56, the wounded man, in a moaning tone, said, "Oh, man!".

References

Other websites 
 United Airlines Flight 93  Brief summary, as well as complete victim list

September 11 attacks
Aviation accidents and incidents in 2001
Dabeer-ul-Mulk, Najm-ud-daulah Mirza Asadullah Beg Khan (; ) born Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (Urdu: ; ), pen-name Ghalib (Urdu: , ġhālib means "dominant") and  Asad (Urdu: , Asad means "lion")  (27 December 1796 — 15 February 1869), was a great classical Urdu and Persian poet of the Indian subcontinent. Most notably, he wrote several ghazals during his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. He is considered to be the most popular and influential poet of the Urdu language.

Early life
He was born in 1796 in Akbarabad (present Agra). His father Abdullah Beg Khan and uncle Nasrullah Beg Khan born with his college friends 
 in the Army. Mirza Ghalib become orphaned when he was just 5 years old. He lived with his uncle for 4 years, when his uncle too died.
He started saying sher in Agra itself. He married the daughter of Nawab Ilahi Baksh 'Maaroof' and therefore moved to Delhi. In Delhi he devoted his full concentration to poetry. Soon he mastered the Persian language. So that no one should call him be-ustad ( without a teacher) he fabricated a story that he had an Iranian teacher Abdul Samad live in house for two years to teach him Farsi. Ghalib was always proud of his Farsi poetry but he is known more by his Urdu prose and poetry.

Later life
He always lived his life lacking money. After 1857 the support from the Royal durbar stopped. The pension from the British Government was stopped because he was suspected of supporting the rebels. He even traveled to Calcutta to restart the pension but to no avail.  
He went to the Nawab of Rampur, who promised him Rupees 200 if he lived in Rampur and Rs. 100 if he lived anywhere else. His pension was resumed 3 years after that, but all that money was used up for paying old debts. Ghalib died in 1869.
Letters
Not only Urdu poetry but the prose is also indebted to Mirza Ghalib. His letters gave foundation to the easy and popular Urdu. Before Ghalib, letter writing in Urdu was highly ornamental. He made his letters "talking" by using words and sentences as if he is talking to the reader. According to him 
"sau kos say ba-zabaan-e-qalam baateiN kiya karo aur hijr meiN visaal kay ma-zay liya karo" 
[ from hundred of miles talk with the tongue of the pen and enjoy the joy of meeting even when you are separated] 
His letters were very informal, some times he will just write the name of the person and start the letter. He himself was very humorous and also made his letter very interesting. He said  
"maiN koshish karta hooN keH koi aisi baat likhooN jo pa-Rhay kHoosh ho jaaye" 
[ I want to write the lines that whoever reads those should enjoy it] 
When the third wife of one of his friends died, he wrote...
"Allah allah aik woH log haiN jo teen teen dafaH iss qaid say chhooT chu-kaiN haiN aur aik hum haiN keH aik ag-lay pachas baras say jo phaNsi ka phaNda ga-lay meiN paRha hai to naH phaNda hi TuT-ta hai naH dum hi nikalta hai" 
[Allah Allah, there are some among us who have been freed from the prison three times and I have for the past 50 years this rope around my neck neither this rope breaks nor it takes my life] 
Some scholars says that Ghalib would have the same place in Urdu literature even only on the basis of his letters.
Poetry
In Urdu ghazals, along with the love and beauty Ghalib added all the facets of life. Because of him the canvas of Urdu ghazal became very extended.  

Since Ghalib was very occupied with Persian, his earlier shers used difficult words and his flights of imagination was such that... 
"yaa to aap sam-jhay yaa kHuda sam-jhay" 
[ either you (Ghalib) understand or the God understand]  

Ghalib was not a philosopher but he questioned things around him. 
jub  keH tujh bin nahiN koi maujood 
phir yeH hungaamaH ai kHuda kya hai 
[ when there is no one besides you; 
then oh God why is this pandemonium]  

One also find naughtiness in his writings, he makes fun of every thing and everybody including himself.  
jiss meiN laakhoN baras ki hooreiN hoN 
aisi jannat ka kya ka-ray koi 
[ when the women are million years old 
what i will do with that paradise]
But Ghalib's sher not only have immediate effect on the heart but it makes you think too. 
aah ko chahiye aik umr asar ho-nay tak 
kaun jeeta hai teri zulf kay sar ho-nay tak. 

hum nay mana keH tagHaful naH karo-gay lekin 
kHaak ho jaaayeN-gay tum ko kHabar ho-nay tak. 

daame hur  mauj meiN hai hulqa-e-sad kaam nihaNg 
dekheiN kya guz-ray hai qat-ray peH guhar ho-nay tak.

References

Tarze-Nigarish "طرز نگارش" By Dr Abdul haq

1796 births
1869 deaths
Indian poets
Urdu poets
Saare Jahan se Achcha is a poem. It was re-written in 1931. It became a symbol of resistance to the English rule of British-occupied India. The poem exists in different versions. Saare Jahan Se Achchha () is one of the enduring patriotic poems of the Urdu language. Written originally for children in the ghazal style of Urdu poetry by poet Muhammad Iqbal, the poem was published in the weekly journal Ittehad on 14 August 1931. Recited by Iqbal the following year at Government College, Lahore, now in Pakistan, it quickly became an anthem of opposition to the British rule in India.

Urdu text

Hindi

Roman Transliteration

sāre jahāñ se achchā hindustan  hamārā
ham bulbuleñ haiñ us kī vuh gulsitāñ hamārā

ġhurbat meñ hoñ agar ham, rahtā hai dil vat̤an meñ
samjho vuhīñ hameñ bhī dil ho jahāñ hamārā

parbat vuh sab se ūñchā, hamsāyah āsmāñ kā
vuh santarī hamārā, vuh pāsbāñ hamārā

godī meñ kheltī haiñ jis kī hazāroñ nadiyāñ
gulshan hai jin ke dam se rashk-e janāñ hamārā
ay āb-rūd-e Ganga! vuh din haiñ yād tujh ko?
utarā tire kināre jab kāravāñ hamārā

mażhab nahīñ sikhātā āpas meñ bair rakhnā
Hindi haiñ ham, vat̤an hai hindustāñ hamārā

yūnān-o-miṣr-o-rumā sab miṭ gaʾe jahāñ se
ab tak magar hai bāqī nām-o-nishāñ hamārā

kuchh bāt hai kih hastī miṭtī nahīñ hamārī
sadiyoñ rahā hai dushman daur-e zamāñ hamārā

iqbāl! koʾī maḥram apnā nahīñ jahāñ meñ
maʿlūm kyā kisī ko dard-e nihāñ hamārā!

Translation

Better than the entire world, is our Hindustan,
We are its nightingales, and it (is) our garden abode

If we are in an alien place, the heart remains in the homeland,
Know us to be only there where our heart is.

That tallest mountain, that shade-sharer of the sky,
(It) is our sentry, (it) is our watchman

In its lap frolic those thousands of rivers,
Whose vitality makes our garden the envy of Paradise.

O the flowing waters of the Ganges, do you remember that day
When our caravan first disembarked on your waterfront?
Religion does not teach us to bear ill-will among ourselves
We are of Hind, our homeland is Hindustan.

In a world in which ancient Yunan, Misr, and Roma have all vanished without trace
Our own attributes (name and sign) live on today.

Such is our existence that it cannot be erased 
Even though, for centuries, the cycle of time has been our enemy.

Iqbal! We have no confidant in this world
What does any one know of our hidden pain?

Indian poems
1930s in India
1931 works
1904 works
20th-century poems
This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the Atlantic Soccer Conference:
Adelphi University
Florida Atlantic University
Howard University
Longwood University
New Jersey Institute of Technology
Philadelphia University

References
This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the United Soccer Conference:
Delaware State University
Howard University
Longwood University
New Jersey Institute of Technology
South Carolina State University
Utah Valley State College

References
This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the Collegiate Water Polo Association:
Brown University
Bucknell University
Connecticut College
Fordham University
Gannon University
George Washington University
Grove City College
Hartwick College
Harvard University
Indiana University
Iona College
Johns Hopkins University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mercyhurst College
Pennsylvania State University
Princeton University
Queens College of the City of New York
Saint Francis College
Slippery Rock University
United States Naval Academy
University of Maryland
University of Michigan
Utica College
Washington and Jefferson College

References
This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the Western Water Polo Association:
Chaminade University
Chapman University
Claremont McKenna College
Colorado State University
California State University, Bakersfield
California State University, East Bay
California State University, Monterey Bay
California State University, San Bernardino
Loyola Marymount University
Occidental College
Pomona College
Santa Clara University
Sonoma State
University of La Verne
University of Redlands
University of California, Davis
University of California, San Diego
University of California, Santa Cruz
United States Air Force Academy
Whittier College

References

 
Water polo
ECAC Lacrosse, in full the ECAC Lacrosse League, was an American college sports conference that only played men's lacrosse. The conference, a member of NCAA Division I, was founded in 1999 with play beginning in 2000 (both events were in the same school year).

The conference started with six members, and grew to as many as 10 schools. In its final years, it went through many membership changes; the biggest ones were:
 The original Big East Conference added the sport for the 2010 season, leading three members to leave.
 At the same time, two other members left for the Colonial Athletic Association.
 The Great Western Lacrosse League collapsed after the 2009 season, with five of that league's six final schools joining ECAC Lacrosse.

ECAC Lacrosse disbanded after the 2014 season. This came after the Big Ten Conference, home to two of the final five members, said it would start a men's lacrosse league in the 2015 season. Two of the other three final members soon announced moves to other conferences.

Members
Members

Final members
These schools were members in the league's last season of 2014. Because NCAA lacrosse is a spring sport, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play.

Other members
These schools left ECAC Lacrosse before 2014. As in the previous table, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play.

References

1999 establishments in the United States
2014 disestablishments in the United States
The Great Western Lacrosse League was a group of colleges and universities that played men's lacrosse against one another from 1984 to 2009. The conference disbanded after Notre Dame left when its main conference, the Big East, started a men's lacrosse league. The remaining five members joined ECAC Lacrosse.

The final membership was:
United States Air Force Academy ("Air Force")
Bellarmine University
University of Denver
University of Notre Dame
Ohio State University
Quinnipiac University

References

Lacrosse organizations
NCAA Division I athletics conferences
1984 establishments in the United States
2009 disestablishments in the United States
The nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) is a small bird. It used to be put in the thrush family Turdidae. Now it is put on the Old World flycatchers, a group often called the chats or chat-thrushes. Its resemblance to thrushes is an example of convergent evolution.

It is a migratory insectivorous species. It breeds in forests and scrubs in Europe and south-west Asia. The distribution is more southerly than the very closely related thrush nightingale Luscinia luscinia. It nests on the ground in or next to dense bushes. It passes the winter southern Africa. Studies have shown that nightingales seem to choose places to breed that meet certain criteria (Wink 1973):
 less than 200 meters above mean sea level
 mean air temperature during the growing season above 14 °C
 more than 20 days/year on which temperatures are above 25 °C
 less than 750mm of rain per year.
 no closed canopy.
The Nightingale is slightly larger than the robin, at around 15-16.5 cm length. It is plain brown above except for the reddish tail. It is buff to white below. Sexes are similar.

Nightingales are named so because they frequently sing at night as well as during the day. The name has been used for well over 1,000 years, being highly recognizable even in its Anglo-Saxon form - 'nihtingale'. It means 'night songstress'. Early writers assumed the female sang; in fact, it is the male.
The song is loud, with an impressive range of whistles, trills and gurgles.  Its song is particularly noticeable at night because few other birds are singing.  This is why its name (in several languages) includes "night".  Only unpaired males sing regularly at night, and nocturnal song is likely to serve attracting a mate.  Singing at dawn, during the hour before sunrise, is assumed to be important in defending the bird's territory.  Nightingales sing even more loudly in urban or near-urban environments, in order to overcome the background noise.  The most characteristic feature of the song is a loud whistling crescendo, absent from the song of thrush nightingale. It has a frog-like alarm call.

Culture 
 A Provençal folk song, The Nightingale Which Flies, inspired Tchaikovsky when composing his Humoresque opus 10-2.

References 
  Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
Wink, Michael (1973): Die Verbreitung der Nachtigall (Luscinia megarhynchos) im Rheinland. Charadrius 9(2/3): 65-80. [Article in German] PDF fulltext

Other websites 

 Internet Bird Collection: Nightingale videos. Retrieved 2006-DEC-09.

 The Freesound Project: High-quality Nightingale sound file  (requires free account to download). Retrieved 2006-DEC-09.

 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (British)- Nightingale . Retrieved 2007-JUN-11.

 Rose and nightingale in Persian art   and in Persian literature 

 Nightingale song and behavioural ecology  
Ageing and sexing (PDF) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta 

Passeri
Birds of Europe
Birds of Asia
Birds of Africa
National symbols of Croatia
National symbols of Iran
"We Are the Champions" is a power ballad by Queen for the album News of the World. It was written by Freddie Mercury.

References

1977 songs
1970s ballads
Arena rock songs
Queen (band) songs
Scorpions (band) songs‎
Rock ballads
The British Invasion was an event where many rock and roll, beat, and pop bands from the United Kingdom became very popular in the United States, Australia, and Canada. The term was created by the news media.

List of Bands 
(In Alphabetical Order)
 The Animals
 The Beatles
 Bee Gees
 Billy J. Kramer and the Dakotas
 Chad and Jeremy
 Petula Clark
 The Dave Clark Five
 Donovan
 Freddie and the Dreamers
 Gerry and the Pacemakers
 Herman’s Hermits
 The Hollies
 The Honeycombs
 The Kinks
 Manfred Mann
 Moody Blues
 Peter and Gordon
 Rolling Stones
 The Searchers
 Spencer Davis Group
 The Tremeloes
 The Troggs
 Wayne Fontana and the Mindbenders
 The Who
 The Yardbirds
 The Zombies

References

Sources

American music history
British music
is a media franchise owned by The Pokémon Company. It is based on the concept of hatching, catching, playing with, staying with, befriending, defending, raising, trading, training and battling with hundreds of different monsters. The concept was made by Satoshi Tajiri, Pokémon's creator. It is represented in many types of media, most famously video games, a still-running anime series, manga, and a trading card game. There are eight regions in the Pokémon games. Although there are 1013 different Pokémon, most people will know of the mascot of the company, an electric Pokémon known as Pikachu.

The video games have sold more copies than every other series except Nintendo's Mario series.

Video games 

A number of Pokémon games have been released, mostly on Nintendo systems, with the exception of Pokémon GO as The Pokémon Company is owned by Nintendo.
Most games are based on catching, training and battling Pokémon, and the player is a Pokémon trainer who does all these things. There are a number of aspects to the games.

In the games, Pokémon are monsters that trainers catch (using various types of capture devices known as Poké Balls), train, battle, collect, and trade with each other. As of the ninth generation, there are 1013 of them. One of the most popular Pokémon in competitive battling is Mega Kangaskhan, because of its ability to hit the target twice with each move.
Another Pokémon game is the famous Pokémon GO that can be played only on touch phones. It has a big difference from the other games but its basics are the same. This game uses Augmented Reality and the phone's GPS to give the player a very real sense of play. People literally walk around their neighbourhoods, explore new places and catch Pokémon which can be captured along with your surrounding environment by using the phone's camera. People can also go to special places or landmarks where there would be Poke Stops and Gyms which can be used to collect items, battle other Pokémon etc. This game has been a huge success when it was released and is widely considered as the beginning of the AR era.

Gameplay
Gameplay 

The gameplay of the Pokémon series of role-playing video games involves the capture and training of many of fictional monsters called "Pokémon" and using them to battle other trainers. Each generation of games builds upon this idea by introducing new Pokémon, items, and gameplay concepts. Some of the general ideas were featured elsewhere before being introduced in the games; double battles appeared in the anime long before appearing in the games, and Pokémon abilities are similar to the Pokémon Powers first seen in the Pokémon Trading Card Game.

Anime
Anime 

Not long after Pokémon Red and Blue (the first Pokémon video games) were released, a Pokémon anime was created. It was first shown in Japan in early 1997, and in the United States in late 1998. The anime started what has been called "Pokémania", which meant that after the anime came out, it became very popular among children, and many parents assumed it was a fad and no one would care about it in a couple years. However, it was never cancelled, and it is still running.

The interesting thing about the Pokémon Anime is that when a new Pokémon game is released that is not a remake, the whole Anime focuses on that with new Pokémon and the world that is in that Pokémon game.

The anime shows the adventures of Ash Ketchum, (with the exception of some special series) a ten-year-old Pokémon trainer who has many adventures, meeting many new people and Pokémon. His most famous Pokémon, and probably the most famous Pokémon, is Pikachu.
A number of Pokémon films have also been made that relate to the anime. The first one was Pokémon: The First Movie (released in 1998 in Japan and 1999 in United States). There are more movies still being made. There have now been seventeen films released.

2024 Live Action movie
 Grayson Eddey as Ash Ketchum
 Violet McGraw as Misty
 Ethan William Childress as Brock
 Mckenna Grace as Liza
 Kate Mara as Delia Ketchum
 Pierce Brosnan as Professor Oak
 Angelique Cabral as Office Jenny
 Alaina Huffman as Nurse Joy
 Sophia Lillis as Jessie of Team Rocket.
 Ty Simpkins as James of Team Rocket.
 Isabel May as Wendy of Team Rocket.
 Jeremy Palko as Giovanni the Boss of Team Rocket.
 Tom Budge as Team Rocket Flatcap man #1
Trading card game 
A Pokémon trading card game also exists. Players use Pokémon cards to battle each other and collect them by opening packs. There are also live tournaments hosted by Nintendo. Pokémon's damage is counted by "damage counters" or objects which are placed on the cards to keep track of damage. After you add up all of the numbers on the damage counters, you subtract it from the card's HP (health points) to find out how much HP is left. Only 60 cards are used in a player's deck, and six of these are set aside in a pile called "prize cards." After one player knocks out an opponent's card, the defeater takes just one face-down prize card for non-EX Pokémon. Meanwhile, when someone makes an EX Pokémon faint, he or she gets two prize cards. There is one discard pile for each player, where fainted Pokémon go. Some ways to win are taking all of your prize cards, and/or making your opponent draw all of his or her cards.
There are cards designed as various Pokémon, which usually need "Energy" cards to use attacks. There are also "Trainer" cards, which are used for additional things other than direct Pokémon attacks, like giving Pokémon more HP. Most fans of the series agree that a good deck is made of about twenty "Pokémon" cards, twenty "Energy" cards, and twenty "Trainer" cards.

Players can evolve their Benched or Active Pokémon. The Bench is a spot that can hold Pokémon, and these Pokémon can be evolved with its evolution card. Active Pokémon can evolve too, but can also use attacks. To evolve a Pokémon, you can just put its evolution card on top of it.

All Pokémon cards have types. The type affects how effective an attack is. For example, a certain Lightning-type Pikachu card can use an attack that normally deals 80 damage. If the Pikachu uses it against a Pokémon with a Weakness of +20 to Lighting, you add 20 more damage to the normal damage to make it 100. Types can also make things less effective.
There is also a special kind of Pokémon in the trading card game called "EX" Pokémon. EX & GX Pokémon are stronger than regular ones, but when they are knocked out, the player's opponent draws two of their prize cards (with regular Pokémon it is just one.) Also, there is another special type of Pokémon in the trading card game called "Delta Species" Pokémon, which have types that are different than typical cards, like an Electric-type Charmander, who is usually Fire-type. In the "Diamond & Pearl" trading card game expansion, "LV.X" cards were introduced. These are a little like evolution cards, but they can only be used on Active Pokémon. In the "HeartGold & SoulSilver" expansion, The Pokémon Company released new cards, called LEGEND cards. LEGEND cards are two cards sold separately that when put together make one picture. They can be used only when the two cards they are made of are put together; they cannot work separately.