Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Opération Lamantin (French for manatee) was a December 1977 – July 1978 military operation by France with the help of the Mauritanian government, in its war against Sahrawi guerrilla fighters of the Polisario Front. It supported independence for Western Sahara. 

Airstrikes were launched in the provinces, but the results of the operation were not significant. France used Jaguar combat aircraft from Dakar Airbase. The bombings were targeted in the rail mines in Zouérat to the coast of Nouadhibou, which were blocked by Polisario.

References

Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1977 in Africa
1978 in Africa
Military of France
Mauritania
Wars involving Africa
Jean-Bédel Bokassa (; 22 February 1921 – 3 November 1996), also known as Bokassa I, was a Central African political and military leader. He was the second president of the Central African Republic and as the emperor of the Central African Empire, from his Saint-Sylvestre coup d'état on 1 January 1966 until overthrown in a coup in 1979.

References

1921 births
1996 deaths
Former dictators
Presidents of the Central Africa Republic
Operation Caban was a military operation that happened in September 1979, to put former president, David Dacko back into power, and restore the Central African Empire to the Central African Republic by removing Emperor Bokassa I.

References

1979 in Africa
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Military of France
David Dacko (; 24 March 1930 – 20 November 2003) was a Central African politician who served as the 1st President of the Central African Republic from 14 August 1960 to 1 January 1966, and 3rd President from 21 September 1979 to 1 September 1981.

References

1930 births
2003 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Presidents of the Central Africa Republic
Prime Ministers of the Central African Republic
The diamonds affair, known in France as "l'affaire des diamants", was a major political scandal in the 5th French Republic. 

In 1973, the Minister of Finance, future president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, was offered two diamonds from the Emperor of the Central African Empire Bokassa I. The affair was revealed by satiric newspaper Le Canard Enchaîné on October 10, 1979, towards the end of Giscard's presidency.

Many believe this was the reason for Giscard losing his 1981 reelection bid.

References

Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
1973 in Europe
1970s in France
Political scandals
Francisco Suárez of Toledo Vázquez of Utiel and González of the Tower, known like Doctor Eximius (Granada, 5 January 1548-Lisbon, 25 September 1617), went a theologian, philosopher and jurist jesuita Spanish. One of the main figures of the movement of the Philosofic School of Salamanca, was considered one of the best scholastic

His work considers  a turning point in the history of Segundo escolasticismo, that marks the transition of the Renaissance to the modern philosophy. According to Christopher Shields and Daniel Schwartz, "figures so distinct between yes in the place, the time and the philosophical orientation like Leibniz, Grocio, Pufendorf, Schopenhauer and Heidegger found reasons to quote it like source of inspiration and influence

References 

Articles with unsourced statements
The Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP) (Georges Pompidou European Hospital) is a French hospital located in Paris. It opened in 2001.

In 2013, French Professor Alain Carpentier created the first 100% artificial heart, using biomaterials and electronic sensors. The device was successfully implanted by a team at the hospital on 18 December 2013.

References

Hospitals in Paris
The Group of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (, ELDR) was a liberal political group of the European Parliament between 1976 and 2004. 

The group made up of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party.

References

1976 establishments in Europe
2004 disestablishments in Europe
Liberal parties
European Union
Atomium – European Institute for Science, Media and Democracy (EISMD) – formerly known as Atomium Culture AISBL - is an international non-profit organisation based in Brussels. 

The Institute meets at European universities.

References

Establishments in Belgium
2009 establishments in Europe
Non-profit organizations of Europe
Brussels
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
The Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR) is the largest organisation of local and regional governments in Europe. Its members are 60 national groups of towns, municipalities and regions from 41 countries that are part of the Council of Europe. Together these associations represent about 130,000 local and regional authorities.

Other websites
 
 United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG)
 Local Government in Europe
 The Archives of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions are consultable at the Historical Archives of the European Union in Florence
 European elections: local and regional governments' manifesto

1950s establishments in Belgium
1951 establishments in Europe
Brussels
European organizations
The AEI World Forum is an annual meeting of business and financial executives, heads of government, government officials, and educators. It happens every spring in Sea Island, Georgia. It is supported by the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) and the Vail Valley Foundation, and it features a number of AEI scholars and fellows.

In 1976, U.S. president Gerald Ford hosted the second G7 summit in San Juan, Puerto Rico. 

During his presidency, Ford became close friends with three of the other heads of government present at the summit: British prime minister James Callaghan, French president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, and German chancellor Helmut Schmidt. 

Ford and Giscard d'Estaing started the forum.

References

Gerald Ford
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Events in the United States
The Trilateral Commission is a non-governmental, nonpartisan discussion group. David Rockefeller started the commission in July 1973. It was created to improve cooperation between Japan, Western Europe and North America.

References

Europe
Presidential elections happened in France on 24 April and 8 May 1988.

In 1981, the Socialist Party leader, François Mitterrand, was elected President of France and the Left won the legislative election. 

However, in 1986, the right regained a parliamentary majority.

Other websites
  Radio-TV debate Jacques Chirac/François Mitterrand
  Announcement of the result of the second round, on TV

1980s in France
1988 elections
Presidential elections in France
Presidential elections in France to elect the fifth president of the French Fifth Republic happened on 23 April and 7 May 1995.

Other websites
 Radio-TV debate Jacques Chirac/Lionel Jospin
 Announcement of the result of the second round, on TV

1990s in France
1995 in Europe
Presidential elections in France
April 1995 events
SAARC Literary Award is an annual award conferred by the Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature (FOSWAL) since 2001 Shamshur Rahman, Mahasweta Devi, Jayanta Mahapatra,  Abhi Subedi, Mark Tully, Sitakant Mahapatra, Uday Prakash, Suman Pokhrel and Abhay K are some of the recipients of this award. 
Nepali poet, lyricist and translator Suman Pokhrel is only writer to get this award twice.

Award Recipients

The year wise list of the award recipients are as follows:

References

Other websites
Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature
FOSWAL Advisory Committee 
Related News on OneIndia
Related News on Hindustan Times
Related News on NDTV
Related News on Afgan Embassy 
Related News on The Kathmandu Post 
Related News on Outlook India
Related News on Greater Kashmir 

Asian culture
Literary awards
Gaullism () is a French political term of people who support the ideas and presidency of World War II French Resistance leader General Charles de Gaulle.

Gaullism cannot be seen within a political ideology, meaning it is not left or right. It is more of how the President of France should use their power.

"Neo-Gaullism" has been used to describe a movement after the death of de Gaulle in 1970 from people who are economic liberal than both traditional and social Gaullism.
Gaullist political parties 
The following is a list of Gaullist political parties and their successors:
 1947–1955: Rally of the French People (RPF)
 1955–1958: National Centre of Social Republicans (CNRS)
 1958–1962: Union for the New Republic (UNR) and Democratic Union of Labour (UDT)
 1962–1967: Union for the New Republic – Democratic Union of Labour (UNR – UDT)
 1967–1968: Democratic Union for the Fifth Republic (UD-Ve)
 1968–1971: Union for the Defence of the Republic (UDR)
 1971–1976: Union of Democrats for the Republic (UDR)
 1976–2002: Rally for the Republic (RPR)
 1994-2018: Movement for France  (MPF)
 1999–2014: Debout la République (DLR)
 2002–2015: Union for a Popular Movement (UMP)
 2014–present: Debout la France (DLF)
 2015–present: The Republicans (LR)

References

Political parties in France
The Ordre national du Mérite (; ) is a French order of merit with membership given by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. It is usually only for French citizens.

References

Orders, decorations, and medals of France
The National Order of the Southern Cross () is a Brazilian order of chivalry founded by Emperor Pedro I on 1 December 1822. This order was created to honor the independence of Brazil and the coronation of Pedro I.

Notes

Orders, decorations, and medals
Brazil
The UNHCR Nansen Refugee Award is given each year by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to an individual, group, or organization in honor of great service to refugees. It was created in 1954.

References

1954 establishments
Awards
The Royal and Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III, originally Royal and Much Distinguished Order of Charles III (, originally ) was created by the King of Spain Carlos III with the motto Virtuti et mérito. 

It honors people for their actions benefiting Spain and the Crown. Since its creation, and second to the Order of the Golden Fleece, it has been the most distinguished civil award that can be given in Spain.

References

Orders, decorations, and medals of Spain
Giscard d'Estaing is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*Anne-Aymone Giscard d'Estaing (born 1933), former First Lady of France
Aurore Giscard d'Estaing, illustrator and wife of Timothy Hutton
Guillaume Giscard d'Estaing (born 1958), French businessman
Henri Giscard d'Estaing (born 1956), French businessman
Louis Giscard d'Estaing (born 1958), French politician
Olivier Giscard d'Estaing (born 1927), French politician
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1926–2020), former President of France
Sofema (Société française d’exportation de matériel militaire et aéronautique) is a French company which works in the renovation, marketing and maintenance of first generation land, sea and air equipment for the French Armed Forces. The company is based in Paris.

Technical facilities are in La Teste (Gironde - in the south west of France) and Châteauroux (Indre).

References

Companies based in Paris
Bronisław Malinowski (April 7, 1884 - May 16, 1942) was a well known British sociocultural anthropologist. He is most famous for his work on the Trobriand Islands, creating a formal ethnographic process, and for coming up with the idea of functionalism.

Early life 
Malinowski was born in Kraków, Poland on April 7th, 1884. He was raised in an aristocratic family. His father, Lucjan, was a professor of philosophy at a Polish university and a linguist who worked on Polish folklore. His mother, Jozefa, was also a linguist. Most of Malinowksi’s early education was learned at home. He traveled around the Mediterranean region with his mother when he was a teenager.
Academic career 
In 1908, Malinowski received his PhD in physics and mathematics from the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland. In 1910, Malinowski moved to England to study anthropology at the London School of Economics (LSE). At LSE, Malinowski was taught by Charles Seligman, a British physician and ethnologist who did fieldwork in New Guinea. He was also taught by Edward Westermarck, a Finnish philosopher and sociologist who studied exogamy and the incest taboo. In 1916, Malinowski received a D.Sc. in anthropology from the University of London.

Fieldwork 
Malinowski began his fieldwork in 1914, when he traveled to New Guinea to study the Mailu. His first ethnographic report on this fieldwork, The Native of the Mailu, was written in 1915. Malinowski had trouble working with the Mailu because he could not speak their language and did not live with them, which limited his understanding of their culture. Because of this, Malinowski started new fieldwork in the Trobriand Islands in 1915.
From 1915-1916 and 1917-1918, Malinowski did intense fieldwork on the Trobriand Islands, which helped him collect enough information to write multiple ethnographic reports. His most famous work about the Trobriand Islands, written in 1922, was Argonauts of the Western Pacific. In this book, Malinowksi wrote about the Trobriand Kula Ring, a trade ring that enforced life-long relationships between neighboring groups.

Works 
Malinowksi wrote many works about his fieldwork in the Western Pacific. These works include:

 The Ethnography of Malinowski: The Trobriand Islands 1915-18
 Argonauts of the Western Pacific (1922)
 Magic, Science, and Religion (1925)
 Crime and Custom in Savage Society (1926)
 The Father in Primitive Psychology (1927)
 Sex and Repression in Savage Society (1927)
 The Sexual Life of Savages in Northwestern Melanesia (1929)
 Coral Gardens and Their Magic (1935)
Later career 
Malinowski retired from fieldwork in 1918. He lectured on ethnology at the London School of Economics (LSE) from 1921-1923 and was offered a full time position at the university in 1923. In 1927, Malinowksi was made the Chair of Social Anthropology. During his time at LSE, Malinowksi taught many students who would later become well-known anthropologists themselves. These students included E.E. Evans-Pritchard, Ashley Montagu, Eslanda Goode Robeson, Godfrey Wilson, and Audrey Richards. Malinowski continued to work at LSE until 1938, when he moved to the United States. While living in the United States, Malinowksi worked as a professor at Yale University until his death in 1942.
Contributions to anthropology 
Malinowksi made two major contributions to the field of anthropology. The first was his theory of functionalism. Malinowksi claimed that culture groups needed to meet the individual needs of their people in order to function properly. These individual needs can range anywhere from food and shelter to the need for security and happiness. The Kula Ring is great example of the concept of functionalism. It uses gift-giving as a way to fulfill the need for political organization among the Trobriand people. People who received the best Kula gifts, red-shelled necklaces or white-shelled armbands, were given a higher social rank in Trobriand society.
His second major contribution was creating a formal ethnographic process. Malinowski believed that an anthropologist needed to live with the people that they were studying. He placed a strong emphasis on participant observation because it allowed anthropologists to learn local languages and customs, which would be helpful when writing up ethnographic reports.

References 

Academics of the University of London
Ethnography
British ethnologists
1884 births
1942 deaths
Yale University faculty
Sindhi Cultural Day (, ), also known as 'Aekta jo ddihaarro', is widely celebrated with traditional enthusiasm to spotlight the centuries-old rich culture of Sindh. 

The day is celebrated all over Sindh, and amongst the Sindhi diaspora around the world.  Cultural day is the celebration, demonstration of culture of Sindh, Sindhis in Sindh and Sindhi diaspora all over the world celebrate this day to demonstrate the peaceful identity of Sindhi culture and get the attention of the world to the culture of Sindh. On this jubilation people gather in all major cities of Sindh at Press Clubs, and other places and arrange various activities of literary (poetic) gatherings, Mach Katchehri (gathering in a place and sitting round in a circle and the fire on sticks in the center), musical concerts, seminars, lecture programs and rallies. It is also a symbol of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization.

References

Holidays of India
Sindh
December events
Tropical Storm Bertha was a unusual tropical storm that did not last very long. It hit South Carolina on the same day it formed, and dissipated the day after that. However, it was unusual because of the time it formed. It formed very near to the coast, and on May 27. 

Tropical cyclones in North America
Agamy is a relational model consisting of the non-pair formation, where there is no partner. It's the status of not engaging in relationships or marriages, sometimes not even in sexual reproduction.

References 

Relationships
Casus belli is a Latin phrase for an event or a situation that directly provokes a war. Note that the plural of the phrase is also casus belli. If this was an aggression in the sense of international law, the country is allowed to start a war in self-defence. It is common to provoke an aggressor, so as to be able to legally start a war. Examples of this are the Arrow incident that started the Second Opium War, or the Maine incident, which led the United states to annex Cuba and the Philippines from the Spanish Empire. The Iraq War was started by the US and its allies, on the pretext that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. Years after the war, it turned out he didn't have any. Another example: the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was the casus belli for the First World War.

Relating page 
Declaration of war

Latin phrases
War
The Champ is a 1931 American drama movie directed by King Vidor and starring Wallace Beery, Jackie Cooper, Irene Rich, Roscoe Ates, Edward Brophy. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for 4 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1931. It was remade twice in 1953 as The Clown and in 1979 as The Champ.

Other websites
 
 
 

1931 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
MGM movies
Movies directed by King Vidor
Movies about alcoholism‏‎
The flag of South Africa from 1928 to 1994 was the flag of the Union of South Africa from 1928 to 1961 and the flag of the Republic of South Africa to 1994. It was also the flag of South West Africa (now Namibia) to 1990, when that territory was under South African administration.

The design features three horizontal bands of orange, white and blue with three small flags (the flag of the United Kingdom to the left, the vertical version of the flag of the Orange Free State in the centre and the flag of the South African Republic to the right) centered on the white band. Because of its colours it was known as the Oranje, Blanje, Blou (Afrikaans for Orange, White, Blue) by citizens.
The flag is viewed as a symbol of apartheid and white supremacy, since 2019 it is illegal to display this flag in public in South Africa and is classified as a hate speech. This ruling is seen as a political move on the part of the ANC government, who has been ruling the country since 1994. The banning of the Oranje, Blanje, Blou is challenged by many in the South African Supreme Court of Appeal.

Gallery

References

1928 establishments
1994 disestablishments
Apartheid
Controversies
South Africa
National symbols of South Africa
Aromanticism or aromanticity is a romantic orientation in which a person does not experience romantic attraction, whether entirely, partially or circumstantially. They may not feel romantic love, and may not feel the need to be in romantic relationships. It doesn't mean they are agamous.

They can have any sexual orientation, be asexual, bisexual, heterosexual, homosexual, pansexual, polysexual, omnisexual, pomosexual, or ceterosexual. It's often shortened to aro.

References 

LGBT variations
Aromanticity
Polysexuality is a sexual orientation in which the person feels attraction to many, but not necessarily all genders. Polysexuality, not to be confused with pansexuality or omnisexuality, is under what some people would call the bisexual umbrella, sometimes seen as non-monosexual spectrum.

References 

LGBT variations
Seventh Heaven is a 1927 American silent romantic drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and was the first adaption of the 1922 play of the same name by Austin Strong. It stars Janet Gaynor, Charles Farrell, Ben Bard, Albert Gran, David Butler, Gladys Brockwell and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 5 Oscars and won 3 Academy Awards in 1929 and was remade in 1937.

References

Other websites

1920s American romance movies
1920s American drama movies
1927 romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on plays
American silent movies
Movies directed by Frank Borzage
Movies set in the 1910s
The Free European Song Contest (abbrev. as FreeESC) is a song contest run by the private channel ProSieben that started in 2020. Different singers representing countries in Europe (mainly) compete every year.

Some of the competitors are famous singers include: Nico Santos (famous singer in Germany), Max Mutzke (represented Baden-Württemberg at the Bundesvision Song Contest 2014, Ilse DeLange (represented the Netherlands at the ESC2014 as member of The Common Linnets), Sarah Lombardi (participant in the 8º season of Deutschland sucht den Superstar), Eko Fresh (German rapper of Turkish and Kurdish descent who won 5 awards).

The latest winner of the Free European Song Contest is Rea Garvey of Ireland.
The Free European Song Contest was created by Stefan Raab (with the collaboration of the private channel ProSieben and the production company Brainpool TV) after the cancelation of the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. The first contest took place at the ProSieben Studios, Cologne, Germany on 16 May 2020 at 20:15 CEST on the television channel ProSieben and the second contest took place at the Lanxess Arena, Cologne, Germany.

List of winners

Highest placings of non-winning countries

Related pages
Eurovision Song Contest (Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light)
Junior Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Asia Song Contest (Asian version of Eurovision)
AfriMusic Song Contest (African contest based in Eurovision)
Bundevision Song Contest (previus contest made by ProSieben)
Turkvision Song Contest (Turkish contest organised by TMB TV and created by TÜRKSOY for the Turkic countries and Turkic people)
Other websites
ProSieben.de FreeESC- the official website  at ProSieben 
Brainpool's Info of FreeESC - at the official Production website 
Free European Song Contest on IMDb

2020 establishments in Europe
Free European Song Contest
Undercurrent is a 1946 American crime drama movie directed by Vincente Minnelli and was based on the 1944 story You Were There by Thelma Strabel. It stars Katharine Hepburn, Robert Taylor, Robert Mitchum, Edmund Gwenn, Marjorie Main, Jayne Meadows, Dan Tobin, Leigh Whipper and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Other websites
 
 
 

1946 crime drama movies
1940s American crime drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Vincente Minnelli
Ole Mogens Espersen (20 December 1934 – 4 December 2020) was a Danish politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party. Espersen was Minister of Justice during two cabinets of Anker Jørgensen in the 1980s. He also was a member of the Folketing from 1973 to 1994.

Espersen died on 4 December 2020 at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Danish politicians
was a Japanese volleyball player. She was a member of the Japanese winning team, . Tanida won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

Tanida died on 4 December 2020 in Tokyo from a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Japanese Olympic gold medalists
Japanese volleyball players
Xu Shousheng (; 23 January 1953 – 5 December 2020) was a Chinese politician. He was the Communist Party Secretary of Hunan from 2013 to 2016. He was the Governor of Hunan and Gansu provinces from 2006 to 2013. Xu was born in Jiangsu, China.

Xu died on 5 December 2020 in Nanjing, China at the age of 67.

References

1953 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Jiangsu
Christian Marie Serratos (born Bernardi, ; born September 21, 1990) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Rosita Espinosa in AMC's The Walking Dead TV series, Suzie Crabgrass in the Nickelodeon series Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide, Angela Weber in The Twilight Saga series and as Selena in Netflix's Selena: The Series.

References

1990 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Pasadena, California
Singers from Pasadena, California
Ricardo Antonio Chavira (born September 1, 1971) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Carlos Solis in the television series Desperate Housewives (2004–2012). 

He plays Abraham Quintanilla in the television series Selena: The Series (2020).

References

1971 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Austin, Texas
Actors from San Antonio, Texas
Li Guanxing (; 14 January 1940 – 1 December 2020) was a Chinese nuclear material engineer. He was president of the CNNC North Nuclear Fuel Element Co., Ltd. between 2001 and 2004. He was chairperson and party chief of China Nuclear Society from 2008 to 2018. He was a delegate to the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In 1999, Li became a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was born in Shanghai. 

Li died of an illness in Beijing, on December 1, 2020, aged 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Nuclear engineers
Chinese engineers
People from Shanghai
Lidia Menapace (born Brisca, 3 April 1924 – 7 December 2020) was an Italian resistance fighter and politician. She was a member of the Senate from 2006 to 2008. She was a member of the Communist Refoundation Party.

Menapace died on 7 December 2020 in Bolzano, Italy from COVID-19, aged 96.

References

1924 births
2020 deaths
Italian politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy
László Kuncz (29 July 1957 – 6 December 2020) was a Hungarian water polo player. He competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics, winning a bronze medal.

Kuncz died on 6 December 2020 at the age of 63.

References

1957 births
2020 deaths
Hungarian Olympic bronze medalists
Džej Ramadanovski (; 29 April 1964 – 6 December 2020) was a Serbian pop-folk singer. He was known for his ballads. Ramadanovski was born in Belgrade. Džej made cameo appearances in movies Hajde da se volimo 2 (1989) and Vikend sa ćaletom (2020). With songs such as "Nedelja" (1991), "Sunce ljubavi" (1995) and "Upalite za mnom sveće" (1996) he became one of the biggest regional artists in the 1990s.

Ramadanovski died in Belgrade of a heart attack on 6 December 2020 at the age of 56.

References

1964 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Serbian singers
Pop singers
Folk singers
Senta Wengraf (10 May 1924 – 6 December 2020) was an Austrian actress. She was born in Vienna. Her career began in 1946. 

Wengraf was appeared in Two Times Lotte (1950), Voices of Spring (1952), The Spendthrift (1953), Franz Schubert (1953), Don Juan (1955), Sissi – The Young Empress (1956), Kaiserjäger (1956), Sissi – Fateful Years of an Empress (1957), Scandal in Bad Ischl (1957) and When the Bells Sound Clearly (1959).

Wengraf died in Vienna on 6 December 2020 at the age of 96.

References

Other websites

1924 births
2020 deaths
Austrian movie actors
Austrian television actors
Actors from Vienna
Ali-Asghar Zarei () (1956 – 6 December 2020) was an Iranian military officer and conservative politician. He was a member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr from 2008 to 2016.

Zarei died on 6 December 2020 at the age of 64.

References

1956 births
2020 deaths
Iranian military people
Iranian politicians
Richard Dennis Ralston (July 27, 1942 – December 6, 2020) was an American professional tennis player. He was active during the 1960s and 1970s. Ralston was born in Bakersfield, California. He was coached by tennis pro Pancho Gonzales. He was the highest-ranked American player at the end of three consecutive years in the 1960s.

Ralston, a Davis Cup winner with the US Davis Cup team in 1963, continued to serve in the team as a coach from 1968 to 1971 and as a captain from 1972 to 1975, winning the title in 1972 over Romania.

Ralston was honored into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1987.

Ralston died on December 6, 2020 in Austin, Texas from cancer at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
American tennis players
Cancer deaths in Texas
Sportspeople from California
People from Bakersfield, California
Ricardo Alonso "Pancho" González (May 9, 1928 – July 3, 1995), known sometimes as Richard Gonzales, was an American tennis player.  He won 14 major singles titles (12 Pro Slam events, 2 Grand Slam events).

Gonzales was the world's leading professional player at a time when almost all players were amateur. His peak was from about 1952 to about 1958. He won many professional and open titles. He was always a serve-and-volley player at a time when many amateurs played a baseline game.

When he first turned professional, the reigning top man was Jack Kramer. At first, Kramer crushed him. Gonzales semi-retired in 1950/51. When he came back in late 1951, Gonzales was much improved. He reached the top in 1952, winning the professional hard-court title in Los Angeles.

The Tennis Hall of Fame says Gonzales rose to the rank of number one in 1952.

References

1928 births
1995 deaths
Cancer deaths in Nevada
Deaths from stomach cancer
American tennis players
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Juliari Peter Batubara (born 22 July 1972) is an Indonesian politician. He was Minister of Social Affairs from 23 October 2019 until his arrest in December 2020 for alleged corruption. He is a member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P).

On 6 December 2020, Juliari was arrested in Jakarta for receiving bribes from suppliers of social assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Juliari could face life imprisonment or the death penalty if convicted.

References

1972 births
Living people
Indonesian politicians
Indonesian criminals
The baculum (also penis bone),  is a bone found in the penis of many male mammals. It is absent in the human penis, but present in the penises of our close relatives the apes, such as the gorilla and chimpanzee.
The bone is located along the top of the penis and it aids in sex  by keeping it stiff for a long time during the sex act. 

A bone in the penis allows a male to mate for a much longer time with a female. This can be an advantage as it prevents a rival male from having sex with the female for some time.

Male animals without a penis bone tend to form close emotional bonds with a female and so ensure they are the father of her offspring.

References 
How do you Sex a fossil? The Guardian Wed 24 Jan 2018
Reproductive system
Young Mr. Lincoln is a 1939 American biographical drama movie directed by John Ford and starring Henry Fonda, Alice Brady, Marjorie Weaver, Arleen Whelan, Pauline Moore, Donald Meek. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1940.

Other websites
 
 
 

1939 drama movies
1930s biographical movies
1930s historical movies
1930s American drama movies
American biographical movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by John Ford
Movies set in the 1830s
Movies set in Illinois
The United Socialist Party of Venezuela (, PSUV) is a far left socialist political party in Venezuela which came from the fusion of some of the political and social forces that support the Bolivarian Revolution led by President Hugo Chávez. It is the largest political party in Venezuela.

References

Organizations based in Venezuela
2007 establishments in South America
Political parties in South America
This is the newer part of the Somali Civil War which began in 2009. It is mainly between the al-Shabaab jihadist group and the Somali government. It is mainly happening in southern and central Somalia and parts of north eastern Kenya. It began in early February 2009 with the conflict between the forces of the Federal Government of Somalia, supported by African Union peacekeeping troops.

On 16 October 2011, the Kenyan Army crossed the border into Somalia in Operation Linda Nchi against al-Shabaab. They wanted to to capture Kismayo.

In August 2014, the Somali government launched Operation Indian Ocean.

In 2017, the 14 October Mogadishu bombings killed over 500 people and injured over 300 others. In December 2019, a suicide truck bombing in Mogadishu killed at least 85 people.

Related pages

List of ongoing armed conflicts

References

Civil War (2009-present)
Civil wars involving Africa
2000s conflicts
2010s conflicts
2020s conflicts
2020s in Africa
Gam-COVID-Vac (, romanized: Gam-KOVID-Vak), trade-named Sputnik V, is a COVID-19 vaccine created by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and registered on 11 August 2020 by the Russian Ministry of Health. 

Gam-COVID-Vac has been approved for distribution in Russia.

References

COVID-19 pandemic
Klaus Ofczarek (17 March 1939 – 6 December 2020) was an Austrian actor and opera singer. Ofczarek was born in Vienna. He was known for his roles as the old waiter in Klimt (2006) and as Redaktionsleiter in North Face (2008).

Ofczarek died on 6 December 2020 in Vienna at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Austrian movie actors
Austrian television actors
Austrian stage actors
Actors from Vienna
Singers from Vienna
Li Ligong (; February 1925 – 6 December 2020) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Jiaocheng County, Lüliang, Shanxi. 

He was Communist Party of China Committee Secretary of his home province from 1983 to 1991 and political commissar of the People's Liberation Army Shanxi Military District from 1983 to 1985. 

He was a member of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1982 to 1987 and 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1987 to 1992. 

He was a delegate to the 7th National People's Congress from 1988 to 1993 and 8th National People's Congress from 1993 to 1998.

Li died on 6 December 2020 in Beijing at the age of 95.

References

1925 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Shanxi
Huangshi (), alternatively romanized as Hwangshih, is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Hubei province, People's Republic of China. Its population was 2,429,318 people at the 2010 census.

References

Cities in China
Hubei
Grant Murray Robertson (born 30 October 1971) is a New Zealand politician and member of the Labour Party who is currently the 20th Minister for the Public Service since 2023. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand from 2020 until 2023. He was the Minister of Finance from 2017 to 2023.

He was Member of Parliament (MP) since 2008. He is the first openly gay deputy prime minister.

References

1971 births
Living people
Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand
LGBT politicians
Gay men
New Zealand LGBT people
John Peter Spyros Sarbanes  (born May 22, 1962) is an American politician who is the U.S. Representative for  since 2007. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

References

Other websites
 Congressman John Sarbanes official U.S. House website
 John Sarbanes for Congress
 

 

1962 births
Living people
United States representatives from Maryland
Lawyers from Baltimore
Politicians from Baltimore
Businesspeople from Baltimore
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
was a Japanese nuclear physicist and politician. He was known for his works in the interacting boson model. Arima was born in Osaka, Japan. He was a member of the House of Councillors between 1998 to 2004. He was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.

Arima died on December 7, 2020 in Tokyo at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Japanese physicists
Japanese politicians
People from Osaka
The  2022 French presidential election was held between 10 and 24 April 2022, the first round was held on 10 April 2022.  The second round was held two weeks after the first. Since no candidate wins a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held between the top two candidates two weeks later, which was incumbent president is Emmanuel Macron of La République En Marche! (LREM) against right-wing Deputy Marine Le Pen. Macron became the first French president to be re-elected in twenty years.

Candidates

Declared
On 7 March 2022, the Constitutional Council published the names of the twelve candidates who received 500 valid sponsorships, with the order of the list determined by drawing lots.

 Nathalie Arthaud
 Fabien Roussel
 Emmanuel Macron
 Jean Lassalle
 Marine Le Pen
 Éric Zemmour
 Jean-Luc Mélenchon
 Anne Hidalgo
 Yannick Jadot
 Valérie Pécresse
 Philippe Poutou
 Nicolas Dupont-Aignan
Declined 
Jacques Cheminade, candidate of Solidarity and Progress (S&P) in the 1995, 2012, and 2017 presidential elections
François Fillon, Prime Minister from 2007 to 2012 and candidate of The Republicans (LR) in the 2017 presidential election,  
Gérard Larcher, president of the Senate
Bruno Le Maire, Minister of Economy and Finance since 2017 and candidate in the 2016 primary of the right and centre
Marion Maréchal, member of the National Assembly for Vaucluse's 3rd constituency from 2012 to 2017 and regional councillor of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur from 2015 to 2017
François Hollande, President of the French Republic from 2012 to 2017

Results
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"| Candidate
! rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Party
! colspan="2"| 1st round  10 April 2022
! colspan="2"| 2nd round  24 April 2022
|-
! width="75"|Votes
! width="30"|%
! width="75"|Votes
! width="30"|%
|-
| style="background-color:gold;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Emmanuel Macron
| style="text-align:left;"| La République En Marche!
| LREM
| 9,785,578
| 27.84
| 18,779,812
| 58.55
|-
| style="background-color:darkblue;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Marine Le Pen
| style="text-align:left;"| National Rally
| RN
| 8,136,369
| 23.15
| 13,279,729
| 41.45
|-
| style="background-color:darkred;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Jean-Luc Mélenchon
| style="text-align:left;"| La France insoumise
| LFI
| 7,714,949
| 21.95
| style="background-color:#F4F4F4;" colspan="2" rowspan="10"|
|-
| style="background-color:#011F5B;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Éric Zemmour
| style="text-align:left;"| Reconquête
| R!
| 2,485,935
| 7.07
|-
| 7.07
|-
| style="background-color:blue;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Valérie Pécresse
| style="text-align:left;"| The Republicans
| LR
| 1,679,470
| 4.78
|-
| style="background-color:green;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Yannick Jadot
| style="text-align:left;"| Europe Ecology – The Greens
| EELV
| 1,628,337
| 4.63
|-
| style="background-color:lightblue;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Jean Lassalle
| style="text-align:left;" | Résistons!
| RES
| 1,101,690
| 3.13
|-
| style="background-color:red;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Fabien Roussel
| style="text-align:left;"| French Communist Party
| PCF
| 802,615
| 2.28
|-
| style="background-color:#73C2FB;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Nicolas Dupont-Aignan
| style="text-align:left;"| Debout la France
| DLF
| 725,356
| 2.06
|-
| style="background-color:#fea3aa;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Anne Hidalgo
| style="text-align:left;"| Socialist Party
| PS
| 616,651
| 1.75
|-
| style="background-color:#ED2939;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Philippe Poutou
| style="text-align:left;"| New Anticapitalist Party
| NPA
| 268,984
| 0.77
|-
| style="background-color:#960018;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Nathalie Arthaud
| style="text-align:left;"| Lutte Ouvrière
| LO
| 197,184
| 0.56
|-
| style="background color:#E9E9E9;" colspan="8"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Total
| 35,143,118
| 100.00
| 32,077,541
| 100.00
|-
| style="background color:#E9E9E9;" colspan="8"|
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Valid votes
| 35,143,118
| 97.83
| 32,077,541
| 91.40
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Blank ballots
| 543,638 	
| 1.51
| 2,228,012	
| 6.35
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Null ballots
| 237,023
| 0.69
| 790,987
| 2.25
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Turnout
| 35,923,779
| 73.69
| 35,096,540
| 71.99
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Abstentions
| 12,824,135
| 26.31
| 13,655,960
| 28.01
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"| Registered voters
| 48,747,914
| 48,747,914
| style="background-color:#F4F4F4;"|
| 48,752,500	
| style="background-color:#F4F4F4;"|
|-
| style="background-color:#F4F4F4;" colspan="8"|
|-
| style="text-align:left" colspan="8"|
Official results published by the Constitutional Council –1st round result 
|}
Opinion polling

Second round (Macron vs. Le Pen)

First round

References

Presidential election
France
April 2022 events
2022
Jean Lassalle (; born 3 May 1955) is a French politician serving as an Independent member of the National Assembly since 2002. He was a presidential candidate in the 2017 election and again in the 2022 elections.

References

1955 births
Living people
French mayors
Joachim Jean-Marie Forget (born 15 April 1983), known as Joachim Son-Forget (pronounced "son-for-zhay"), is a South Korean-born, French politician. From 2017 to 2022, he was a member of the National Assembly.

In February 2020, Son-Forget announced his candidacy for President of France in the 2022 election. However, he later dropped out and supported Éric Zemmour's unsuccessful campaign.

References

1983 births
Living people
Politicians from Grand Est
People from Haute-Marne
Jacques Cheminade (; born 20 August 1941) is a French-Argentinian political activist and conspiracy theorist. He is the head of Solidarity and Progress, the French party of the LaRouche movement. He had ran for President of France three times in 1995, 2012 and 2017.

References

1941 births
Living people
French politicians
Politicians from Buenos Aires
Tropical Storm Cristobal was a devastating storm that formed from the remnants of Tropical Storm Amanda. The storm formed over the Bay of Campeche on June 1, and devastated Mexico in the following days. It then made landfall in Louisiana on June 7. The storm weakened into a tropical depression shortly after, and became post-tropical over Wisconsin.

The impact of the storm was worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic, which was rapidly growing at that time. This impacted the ability of medical staff, who were at the time dealing with the pandemic. The storm caused 15 deaths and $665 million.
Storm history 
On May 31, the National Hurricane Center began to watch Tropical Storm Amanda in the Eastern Pacific for possible development in the Atlantic. Tropical Storm Amanda then made landfall in Guatemala, dissipating shortly after.  However, some of its remains survived, and on June 1, they moved over the Bay of Campeche, and started to reorganize shortly after. At this time, they were given a 90% chance of formation. Shortly after, it organized into a tropical depression. On July 2, it strengthened into a tropical storm, as the system started to turn toward the south. On June 3, it reached its peak intensity, with winds of 60 mph, as it made landfall in Mexico. It then stalled near Ciudad del Carmen, as it weakened to a tropical depression.
However, as it weakened, it started to speed towards the north, and on June 5, it intensified into a tropical storm again, despite being over the Yutactán Peninsula. It started to reintensify again, reaching its second peak intensity of 50 mph. However, the system did not look like a tropical cyclone, but despite this, it made a second landfall in Louisiana, on June 6, at peak intensity. The storm moved to the east-north-east, weakening, and on June 10, the storm became post-tropical, over Wisconsin.

References

Other websites
 The NHC’s Advisory Archive of Tropical Storm CRISTOBAL

June 2020 events
Cristobal
Cristobal
Zheng Jun (born 6 November 1967) is Chinese rock singer-songwriter. He was born in Xi'an. He attended Hangzhou Institute of Electrical Engineering (renamed Hangzhou Dianzi University). His first album, Naked (赤裸裸), was released by Red Star Productions in 1994. He then released Third Eye three years later, and Bloom two years after that.

References 

1967 births
Chinese singer-songwriters
Rock singers
Living people
Gangliogliomas are tumors that start from groups of nerve cells (ganglion and glial cells) and grow in the brain. They are usually small and noncancerous, and they do not spread to other parts of the body.

Gangliogliomas are rare tumors. Most gangliogliomas occur in children and young adults.

Symptoms 
Seizures, headache, vomiting,
fatigue and weakness on one side of the body.

Cancer
The 22nd season of Arthur first started showing on PBS Kids on May 13, 2019 with the episode "Mr. Ratburn and the Special Someone". The season ended on May 16, 2019. Jane Lynch made an appearance as a guest star when the season started.

Episodes

References 

Arthur (TV series) seasons
2019 television seasons
James Isaac Neutron is one of the main characters in the Nickelodeon show The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius. Jimmy Neutron lives in a house with his pet dog Goddard.

Jimmy Neutron first appeared on the 1998 television pilot.

Other websites 

 Jimmy’s profile at Nick.com

Animated characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1998
Nickelodeon
The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
Camilla Joy Cynthia Power (born 13 November 1976) is an Irish-born English actress. She is known for her roles as Jessica McAllister in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale from 1993 to 1995 and Lorna Dickey in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road from 2006 to 2007.

Personal life
Power was born in Cork, Ireland, but grew up in Wimbledon and Putney, England.

Other websites
 

1976 births
Living people
English child actors
English television actors
English movie actors
People from Cork (city)
"Raging Abe Simpson and His Grumbling Grandson in "The Curse of the Flying Hellfish"" is the 22nd episode of The Simpsons 7th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on April 28, 1996.

Other websites 

The Simpsons (season 7) episodes
1996 television episodes
In cricket, the boundary is the edge of the field. A rope is usually put on the boundary to show where it is. The word "boundary" can also mean the runs scored (either 4 or 6) when the ball touches the boundary or the ground outside the boundary.

Edge of the field 
In international cricket, the boundaries of the field are about  or more from the center of the field.

Scoring runs 
If the ball is in play and touches the boundary or the ground outside of the field, then it is worth at least four runs, and the ball becomes dead (no longer in play). If the ball was hit by the batter, and didn't touch the ground in the field before or when it became dead, then it is worth six runs. If a fielder throws the ball at the boundary or the ground beyond the boundary, then four runs are scored as "overthrows" in addition to any runs the batters had already scored by running.
If the ball touches a fielder who is touching the boundary or the ground beyond the boundary, then it is treated as if the ball has touched the boundary. The same goes for when the ball touches a fielder who is in the air who touched the boundary or the ground beyond the boundary immediately before going in the air, if the fielder had not legally touched the ball before.

When a boundary is scored, any runs the batters scored by running do not count, unless the batters had scored more runs by running than the number of runs scored by the boundary; when this happens, the runs scored by the boundary do not count.

The Laws of Cricket allow the teams and umpires to agree to change the number of runs scored by the two types of boundaries before the game.

Four runs 
Four runs are scored when the ball touches the ground in the field and then touches the boundary or the ground beyond the boundary.
Six runs 
Six runs are scored when the ball touches the boundary, or the ground beyond the boundary, without having touched the ground in the field.

References 

Cricket
Sports words