Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Playing

The flute is a woodwind instrument, but modern flutes are made of metal. It was made of wood a long time ago. It doesn't need lip vibration like brass instruments. Flute players hold it horizontally and make a sound by blowing their breath over the edge of the hole of flute's head. This makes the air vibrate. Flutes need the second most amount of air for an instrument, next to the tuba. Flautists can change the pitch by pushing buttons or changing the direction of the breath. These buttons are called keys. The breath also can change the tone or the volume. Flute has many variations of the sound. The sound of flute is high, so composers often express it as a bird. A flute matches with many instruments such as violin and piano, and is often part of an ensemble.
Material
There are many kinds of flute, so the material also varies.  Most flutes are made out of silver. Gold, platinum, wood, and aluminum are also used. The price of flute depends on the material, but there are many different playing situations, so not only expensive flutes are useful.

Different Flutes
 Flutes of India and China 
The oldest kind of side-blown flute was made in India.
In India, a flute called bansuri is used. It has no keys and is often made of bamboo or cane.

In China, a simple flute is used, which has no keys. The Chinese flute sometimes has a thin piece of paper over one hole, which adds a bright raspiness to the sound.

 Other flutes 
There are other kinds of flute, that are played by blowing into the end, like a recorder. Some of these are tin whistle, flageolet, tabor pipe, and ocarina.
In Japan there is a kind of flute called a shakuhachi, which is made from the bottom of a bamboo plant. It is blown at the end, but is not like the recorder because it does not have an opening that guides the air across a hole that makes the sound.

In South America, there is a flute called a quena that makes its sound the same way as the shakuhachi''.

The Pan pipes are a form of flute with no holes. It has more than one pipe connected together, with the bottom closed. The player blows across the top of one of the pipes to make a note. The pipes are in different sizes, so that each one makes a different note. They are named after Pan, who played this instrument in Greek myth.

Gallery
There are flutes in many cultures.  The flute has been described as "a musical weed which springs up everywhere".

Famous Flutists 
The band Jethro Tull was founded by a flute player (Ian Anderson). It can be heard in many songs. One of them is the hit "Locomotive Breath".

Related pages 
 Digeridoo
 Piccolo
 Pan Flute
Staind is an American rock band from Massachusetts, United States. The band was started in 1994. Its first album, Tormented was released in 1996. Staind's newest album, The Illusion of Progress was released on August 19, 2008. Some of its biggest hits have been Outside, It's Been Awhile, and So Far Away.

In 2013, They announced that they were going on hiatus but were not breaking up.

Band members 
Aaron Lewis - Vocals/Acoustic Guitar
Mike Mushok - Guitars
Jon Wysocki - Drums
Johnny April - Bass Guitar

References

1994 establishments in the United States
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American heavy metal bands
American rock bands
Musical groups established in 1994
Musical groups from Massachusetts
Post-grunge bands
An ocarina is a kind of flute that is not made out of a tube. Because the ocarina is in a round or box-like shape, its sound is a little different from other flutes.

History

The ten-hole ocarina was first made by Giuseppe Donati, in Italy, in 1853. Instruments like the ocarina had been made for hundreds of years before that in South America, China, and Africa. In Europe, a form called the gemshorn was made in the 16th century. The gemshorn was made from an animal horn.

In the 19th century, groups of ocarina players, with different sized ocarinas, played classical and folk music. Italian ocarinas became known throughout the world, because of this.

In the United States the ocarina was called the sweet potato, because its shape is like a sweet potato.

In 1928, the Japanese began making ocarinas. They added two small holes to the old kind of ocarinas. Japanese 12-hole ocarinas can play a larger scale than 10-hole ocarinas.

English Ocarina
English Ocarina

In the 1960s, the English ocarina was invented. It has four finger holes, and may have one or two thumb holes. English ocarinas are made in many shapes.

Other websites 
 Ocarina Knowledge Pages  - All About Ocarinas

References

Flutes
The clarinet is a woodwind instrument.

The clarinet body is made up of the mouthpiece, barrel, upper joint, pads, keys, ring key, rod, lower joint, and bell. The clarinet has one reed. The reed is made of cane, bamboo or  plastic, which varies in thickness. The reed is attached to the mouthpiece with a clamp called a ligature, which is usually made out of metal.   Blowing through the mouthpiece makes the reed vibrate, and therefore makes the noise.  The body of the clarinet is a cylindrical tube with holes.  The holes are covered by the fingers to make musical notes.  There are also buttons pressed by the fingers which allow pads over holes to open or close so all notes of the chromatic scale can be played. The buttons are usually played with the "pinkie" finger.
One kind of keyed clarinet is called the Albert system.  Another kind is called the Boehm system. The Boehm clarinet is much used by classical orchestras and by jazz musicians. In North America and other Western countries, the most popular clarinet is the clarinet pitched in B flat. This means that if a clarinet player plays a note that is written as a C, it sounds like a B flat on a piano. The B flat clarinet is used in concert, marching, and school bands.  Musicians in orchestras also play the A-clarinet (a semitone lower), the sopranino E flat clarinet (a fourth higher) and the Bass_clarinet  in B flat (sounding an octave lower).
A beginner clarinet player usually can play a note within the first minutes of a lesson. Making a sound with the clarinet is easier than making a sound with many other wind instruments. Most instrumental music teachers consider it to be a good instrument for young players as soon as the lower adult teeth have grown. The fingering system is very similar to the flute and the saxophone, so changing from playing the clarinet to one of these instruments is not too difficult after the student is comfortable playing the clarinet and has reached a certain level.

A famous piece that features a clarinet is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Clarinet Concerto, which has the clarinet playing the melody with the rest of the orchestra playing along. Written in 1791, it is often considered the first great composition for the instrument.

Components

Notable players 
 Benny Goodman
 Artie Shaw
 Sabine Meyer
 Martin Fröst
 Charles Neidich
 Paul Meyer (clarinetist)
 Jörg Widmann

Other websites
Other websites 

 The International Clarinet Association

Woodwind instruments
The 16th century was the century from 1501 to 1600. In this century, many Europeans visited or moved to the newly-found Americas and some also searched for new routes to Asia. There was much change in Europe, such as the Protestant Reformation.

Decades and years 
Note: years before or after the 16th century are in italics.
The lute is a kind of musical instrument with strings.

The first lutes were brought to Spain by the Moors. Others may have been brought to Europe from Arabic lands.  The lute is one of the ancestors of the classical guitar.

A lute has an oval-shaped back, made of strips of wood. It has a flat front, with a neck attached to it. Early lutes had four strings or eight sets of two strings. Beneath these strings, there were strings tied to the neck, where the player pressed down to make the notes. These strings were called frets.

The front part of the body is made of a flat piece of wood, and known as the sound board. It has a beautifully carved hole in the center which is called the rose.

The lute was at first played by strumming or plucking with a pick. Later they were played with the fingers alone.
During the Renaissance, bigger lutes were designed. Most lutes at this time had seven or eight sets of strings. New kinds of lutes were invented. One new kind of lute made in the Renaissance was the theorbo. Another kind was the archlute.

In European classical music the lute was changed into the harpsichord and the mandolin.

Today there are kinds of lute still being played in Greece, Turkey, and in Arabic-speaking countries. The Renaissance lute is also played today, in western countries, as well as a German lute that is played the same way as a guitar.

Plucked string instruments
Early musical instruments
Families often celebrate Independence Day by having or going to a picnic or barbecue, and take advantage of the day off and in some years, long weekend to gather with relatives and friends. People may also do fun and relaxing hobbies like any other day off such as swimming, fishing, boating, sunbathing, playing sports, or just kicking back and relaxing. Many stores are open on the fourth so people may go shopping. In the evening, people may launch their own fireworks. Decorations (e.g., streamers, balloons, and clothing) are generally colored red, white, and blue, the colors of the American flag. Parades often are in the morning, while fireworks displays occur in the evening at such places as parks, fairgrounds, or town squares.

On the 4th of July Americans do these things:
 Fireworks
 Hold parades
 Bake red, blue and white desserts, such as cakes and cookies
 Create 4th of July wands.

Related pages
 Juneteenth National Independence Day

References

National days
Microsoft Office or Microsoft Office System is a collection of computer programs made by Microsoft. Microsoft Office is a collection of office-related applications. Each application serves a unique purpose and offers a specific service to its users. The programs are created for all users. There are different versions of the software for home users and for business users. Some versions may offer more programs, and some versions cost less than others, but none are for free. The current version is Office 2021, which was released on October 5, 2021.

Products 
The versions available are made up of some or all or more of the following programs:
Microsoft Word is a word processor that lets a user type text into the document and add images, and different font or design choices.  The main file formats are .doc and .docx.  It also helps to check the spelling and find the meaning of words
 Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet and mathematics program that can make calculations and graphs based on data the user enters. The main file formats are .xls and .xlsx.
 Microsoft PowerPoint is a program that creates presentations and slideshows. They can have text, drawing, pictures and media. They can also be set up to show on a projector. The main file formats are .ppt and .pptx.
 Microsoft Outlook is an email client that can send and receive emails. The user can add a contact list and multiple calendars.
 Microsoft Access is a database program where people can store data over many tables. The main file formats are .mdb and .accdb.
Microsoft Publisher is a program that lets people make layouts for newsletters and presentations to print. The main file format is .pub.
 Microsoft InfoPath is a program for designing, distributing, filling and submitting electronic forms containing structured data. Based on XML.
 Microsoft Visio is a shaping program not included in Microsoft Office Suites but can be bought in volume editions. Originally included in Microsoft Office.
 Microsoft FrontPage is a HTML-WYSIWYG program included in the Office 2003 Suite. It has been replaced by Microsoft Expression Web in the Expression Series.
Other Products 
 Microsoft Lync
 Microsoft Project
 Microsoft Visact
 Microsoft Office Document Imaging
 Microsoft Office Document Scanning
 Other products also included

Office 365 
Microsoft Office 365 is a new way of sharing Microsoft Office documents with people from your organization or between your computers, syncing to the cloud. In order to sync to the cloud, you need a Microsoft account. 
Actual versions include:
 Personal
 Home
 Business Essentials
 Enterprise E1
 Business Premium
 Entreprise E3
 Enterprise E4
You can get a free trial of Office for 30 days.

References

Other websites 
 Official website
 Office 365 website 

 
Word processors
Afrikaans is a West Germanic language mainly spoken in South Africa and Namibia.  It was originally the dialect that developed among the Afrikaner Protestant settlers, the unfree workers, and slaves brought to the Cape area in southwestern South Africa by the Dutch East India Company ( - VOC) between 1652 and 1705. Most of these first settlers were from the Netherlands, though there were also many from Germany, some from France, a few from Scotland, and various other countries. The unfree workers and slaves were Malays, and Malagasy in addition to the native Khoi and Bushmen.

Research by J. A. Heese says that until 1807, 36.8% of the ancestors of the White Afrikaans speaking population were Dutch, 35% were German, 14.6% were French and 7.2% non-white (of African and/or Asian origins).  
Heese's figures are questioned by other researchers, however, and especially the non-white component quoted by Heese is very much in doubt.
A sizeable minority of those who speak Afrikaans as a first language are not white. The dialect became known as "Cape Dutch". Later, Afrikaans was sometimes called "African Dutch" or "Kitchen Dutch". Afrikaans was considered a Dutch dialect until the early 20th century, when it began to be widely known as a different language. The name Afrikaans is simply the Dutch word for African, and the language is the African form of Dutch.

Related pages
 Afrikaans Language Monument
Afrikaans-English Dictionary On-line

References
Leonard Bernstein (August 25, 1918– October 14, 1990) was an American composer and conductor. He was born Louis Bernstein in Lawrence, Massachusetts to Ukrainian Jewish parents. He is best known for conducting the New York Philharmonic and composing West Side Story and Candide.

Bernstein was gay.

He was a heavy smoker who had emphysema. He died of a heart attack in New York City.

Influences 
Bernstein stated composers like Aaron Copland, Dimitri Mitropoulos, George Gershwin, Gustav Mahler, Kurt Weill, Sergei Koussevitzky, Randall Thompson, Cole Porter, Jerome Kern and Robert Schumann as influences.

Other websites 
 Official website
1918 births
1990 deaths
20th-century American composers
American conductors
American movie score composers
Bisexual Jews
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Entertainers from Massachusetts
Grammy Award winners
Jewish American LGBT people
Jewish American musicians
Kennedy Center honorees
LGBT musicians
LGBT people from Massachusetts
People from Lawrence, Massachusetts
Tony Award winners
The Afrikaans Language Monument () is the only monument in the world dedicated to a language. It is on a hill overlooking the Teachers' Training College in Paarl, Western Cape Province, South Africa. Completed in 1975, it was built to celebrate the 100 years birthday of Afrikaans being declared as a different language from Dutch.

The monument is made of tapering structures of a convex and concave nature. They show the influences of different languages and cultures on Afrikaans itself. They are also a symbol of political developments in South Africa, as follows:
 Clear West - the European source of the language
 Magical Africa - the African influences on the language
 Bridge - between Europe and Africa
 Afrikaans - the language itself
 Republic - declared in 1961
 Malay language and culture

Inscriptions 
On a large inscription at the entrance, two quotes from important Afrikaans poets are written.
van Wyk Louw inscription 
  -- N.P. van Wyk Louw
 "Afrikaans is the language that connects Western Europe and Africa... It forms a bridge between the large, shining West and the magical Africa... And what great things may come from their union – that is maybe what lies ahead for Afrikaans to discover. But what we must never forget, is that this change of country and landscape sharpened, kneaded and knitted this newly-becoming language... And so Afrikaans became able to speak out from this new land... Our task lies in the use that we make and will make of this gleaming tool..."
Langenhoven inscription 
  -- C.J. Langenhoven
 "If we plant a row of poles down this hall now, ten poles, to represent the last ten years, and on each pole we make a mark at a height from the floor corresponding to the relative written use of Afrikaans in the respective year, and we draw a line, from the first here near the floor to the last over there against the loft, then the line would describe a rapidly rising arc, not only quickly rising, but rising in a quickly increasing manner. Let us now, in our imagination, extend the arc for the ten coming years from now. See you, sirs, where the point shall be, outside in the blue sky high over Bloemfontein, in the year 1924."

Dit Is Ons Erns 
The phrase "DIT IS ONS ERNS" ("we are earnest [about this]", or "this is our earnestness") is inscribed on the pathway leading up to the monument.

Monuments and memorials in South Africa
Afrikaans
DC Comics, Inc. (or simply DC) is an American comic book company. It is the publishing unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Discovery., which itself is owned by Time Warner. Its first well-known comics were such as Action Comics, Detective Comics, All Star Comics, and Sensation Comics. They were essential in introducing three well-known superheroes to life: Superman (1938), Batman (1939) and Wonder Woman (1941). DC Comics is one of the largest and oldest American comic book companies, which is best well known for making "superhero" comic books; with their first comic under the DC banner being published in 1937, and is very famous in the modern art subject Graphics.
The majority of its publications takes place within the fictional DC Universe and features many famous and iconic superheroes such as Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern, the Flash, Aquaman, Martian Manhunter, Shazam, Green Arrow, Black Canary, Cyborg, Robin/Nightwing, Batgirl, Supergirl, the Atom, and Blue Beetle. Some notable and popular teams include the Justice League, the Justice League Dark, the Legion of Super-Heroes, the Suicide Squad, the Justice Society of America, the Young Justice, and the Teen Titans. The company also features a wide variety of well-known supervillains such as Lex Luthor, the Joker, Catwoman, the Scarecrow, the Penguin, Cheetah, Black Adam, the Riddler, Captain Cold, Brainiac, Bizarro, Gorilla Grodd, General Zod, Sinestro, Black Manta, Darkseid, Ra's al Ghul, Doomsday, Harley Quinn, and Bane
. The company has published non-DC Universe-related material, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta, Fables and many titles under their alternative imprint Vertigo and now DC Black Label.
Penguin Random House Publisher Services distributes DC Comics' books to the bookstore market, while Diamond Comic Distributors supplied the comics shop direct market until June 2020, where Lunar Distribution and UCS Comic Distributors, who already distributed to the direct market due to Diamond's distribution interruption as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, replaced Diamond to distribute to that market. Its top rival is Marvel Comics (the publications of Spider-Man and Hulk) which was acquired in 2009 by The Walt Disney Company, WarnerMedia's main competitor, they shared approximately 70% of the American comic book market in 2017, though this number may give a distorted view since graphic novels are excluded. With the sales of all books included, DC is the second biggest publisher, after Viz Media, and Marvel is third.
DC Comics has adapted its characters into different forms of media, including action figures, animated/live-action movies, animated/live-action television series, and video games, which have made them even more popular.
History 
Pulp writer Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson founded National Allied Publications in 1934. The following year, the company published New Fun—the first comic book to feature entirely new material rather than reprints of newspaper strips. In need of cash, Wheeler-Nicholson partnered with magazine distributors Harry Donenfeld and Jack Liebowitz and founded Detective Comics, Inc., in 1937. Wheeler-Nicholson was unable to repay his debts to Donenfeld and Liebowitz, and he was soon fired from the company. A series of mergers in the 1940s led to the creation of a new company called National Periodical Publications (NPP). In 1969 NPP was purchased by Kinney National Company, which in turn was bought by Warner Brothers–Seven Arts. For much of its history, the company was colloquially known as DC Comics, but it did not officially adopt that name until 1977.

DC Universe
DC Universe

Golden Age and Silver Age of Comics 
In 1938, DC published the first Superman story in Action Comics no. 1. The massive commercial success of that character was responsible for creating the costumed superhero genre, which has been a pillar for the comic book industry ever since. DC introduced many superheroes throughout the so-called Golden Age of comics, most notably Batman (1939) and Wonder Woman (1941). The success of those characters was amplified by Licensing Corporation of America, a division of National Periodicals. Licensing Corporation of America, which was created as Superman Inc., displayed various DC characters through a wide range of products, and it oversaw (supervise) the use of DC characters in other media.
Throughout the first half of the 1950s, the popularity of superhero comics declined, though comic books featuring Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman remained popular. DC canceled its other superhero titles, concentrating on books in genres such as science fiction, westerns, and crime drama. Beginning in 1956, under the supervision of editor Julius Schwartz, DC began reintroducing superhero comics. In Showcase no. 4 (October 1956), writer Robert Kanigher and artist Carmine Infantino unveiled an updated version of the 1940s-era hero the Flash. In doing so they ushered (guide) in the Silver Age of comics, and over the next few years new versions of classic characters such as Green Lantern and Hawkman also appeared. Superheroes regained popularity among readers, and the commercial success of DC’s superhero books soon led rival companies (most notably Marvel Comics) to also return to the genre.
Bronze Age and Crisis On Infinite Earths 
In 1970, writer Dennis (“Denny”) O’Neil and artist Neal Adams introduced a new level of maturity to the superhero genre with Green Lantern/Green Arrow. The book, which featured stories that dealt directly with social issues such as race relations, pollution, and drug abuse, is regarded as one of the defining titles of the Bronze Age of comics. O’Neil and Adams also teamed on an influential run of Batman stories, and Adams drew what is widely considered to be the definitive modern version of that character. During that time the DC superhero books—along with many of their books in other genres—were considered to be set in the same fictional universe and shared the same continuity.
By 1985, with nearly half a century of disparate and occasionally contradictory stories contributing to its ongoing narrative, DC’s editorial staff felt that the DC universe had become too cumbersome and confusing for new readers. The 12-issue Crisis on Infinite Earths by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez was essentially a reboot of the entire DC superhero universe, with a new continuity that was derived from, but not beholden to, that which came before. DC’s flagship characters were relaunched, John Byrne retelling and modernizing Superman’s origin with The Man of Steel (1986) and Frank Miller recounting Batman’s early adventures in his Year One (1987) story arc. The mid-1980s were also an exceptionally fruitful period for nontraditional comics at DC. Miller wrote and drew Batman: The Dark Knight Returns (1986), a brave look at an aging Batman set against the backdrop of the Cold War, while Alan Moore breathed new life into Swamp Thing (1984–87)
. Moore teamed with artist Dave Gibbons on the graphic novel Watchmen (1986–87), which deconstructed the superhero genre to enormous commercial success and critical acclaim.
Vertigo and continuity reboots
DC attempted to address the growing market for mature readers with its Piranha Press imprint. Launched in 1989 with the ongoing title Beautiful Stories for Ugly Children, Piranha was a bold, if not entirely successful, experiment in creator-owned content. The imprint folded (colapse) in 1993, but it was revived in 1995 as Paradox Press. Although Paradox lasted only slightly longer than Piranha, it published John Wagner’s A History of Violence (1997) and Road to Perdition (1998) by writer Max Allan Collins and artist Richard Piers Rayner. Both graphic novels were later adapted into award-winning motion pictures. Far more enduring was DC’s Vertigo imprint, which began in 1993 as a home for mature-themed horror titles such as Hellblazer, Swamp Thing, and Neil Gaiman’s Sandman
. Under the leadership of editor Karen Berger, the Vertigo line expanded dramatically to include Grant Morrison’s metafictional secret society saga The Invisibles (1994–2000), Garth Ennis’s acerbic morality play Preacher (1995–2000), Brian Azzarello’s Machiavellian crime story 100 Bullets (1999–2009), Bill Willingham’s twisted fairy tale Fables (2002–15), and Brian K. Vaughan’s apocalyptic bildungsroman Y: The Last Man (2002–08). Other DC imprints included Milestone Media, a comics line cofounded by writer Dwayne McDuffie that promoted the work of minority creators; WildStorm, an independent publisher launched by artist Jim Lee that was purchased by DC in 1999; and CMX, a line of Japanese manga comics that were adapted for a North American audience. In 2018 DC launched its Black Label imprint to serve as an umbrella for its adult-themed titles, and Vertigo was shuttered the following year. In some cases characters that were introduced in imprint titles were later integrated into the mainstream DC universe.
During the early 1990s the comic book industry experienced a boom in sales, with books tied to DC’s massive The Death of Superman crossover event selling millions of copies. Such growth proved unsustainable, as sales soon declined to a fraction of their previous levels. Less than a decade after Crisis, DC rebooted its line again in the Zero Hour (1994) crossover, and in 1999 writer Mark Waid attempted to address the DC universe’s lingering continuity issues by introducing Hypertime, a concept that, in essence, restored the pre-Crisis multiverse. In 2010 the company began to produce digital editions of its comics, and the following year, in an attempt to boost sales, DC Comics again rebooted its fictional continuity with a series of comics collectively referred to as the “New 52.” Another reboot followed in 2016 with the Rebirth event, and in 2021 DC rebooted its entire line yet again during the Infinite Frontier crossover.
All Star DC Comics
In 2000, Marvel Comics started an imprint called ultimate marvel in which the characters' origin is changed and modernized. This eventually led DC to starting an imprint of their own in 2005, thus All Star was born.

Both All-Star series are in their own continuity, except All Star Batman and Robin which was part of Earth-31.

All Star Batman 
All Star Batman was an ongoing series that premiered in August 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth relaunch, and ran for 14 issues until October 2017. The creative team consisted of writer Scott Snyder and multiple artists, mainly John Romita Jr.. Despite the title, the series told stories that were set in the mainstream DC Universe continuity.
All Star Batman and Robin the Boy Wonder 
All Star Batman started in 2005 and was written by Frank Miller and Penciled by Jim Lee. This was the first series in the All Star imprint and opened to mainly negative reviews but had high sales. The series was released in a sporadic schedule. The series only reached 10 issues (2008) 2 issues before the intended end of the series.

All Star Superman 
All Star Superman started in 2006 and was written by Grant Morrison and Penciled by Frank Quitley. This was the second series under the All Star imprint, the first being All Star Batman and Robin. The series opened to mainly good reviews and went on to win the Eisner Award for best new series in 2006 and best ongoing series in 2007 and 2009. Like All Star Batman the series was also released in a sporadic schedule. The series ended with issue 12. The series overall has widely considered to be one of the best Superman stories of all time.
All Star Wonder Woman 
All Star Wonder Woman started in 2006 and was written by Adam Hughes from San Diego Con 2006.

DC characters in television and film 
Despite the attention given to DC’s main comic business, in the 21st century only a small part of the revenue generated by DC characters came from the sale of traditional comic books. As more and more superheroes jumped from the printed page to the silver screen, Hollywood took on an increasingly important role for comic publishers. Perhaps the most obvious outward sign of this shift came in 2015, when DC closed its longtime New York City offices and relocated its headquarters to the Warner Brothers complex in Burbank, California.
DC scored two early blockbusters with Richard Donner’s Superman (1978) and Tim Burton’s Batman (1989), both of which led to successful franchises. Director Joel Schumacher's Batman Forever (1995) and Batman & Robin (1997), were also released. Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, DC characters were mainstays on television. The visually memorable Batman: The Animated Series (1992–95) featured superb writing by Paul Dini and won an Emmy for outstanding animated program. This set the stage for later DC animated projects starring the Justice League, the Teen Titans, and the Milestone teen hero Static. Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman (1993–97) put a romantic comedy twist on the superhero genre, while Smallville (2001–11) returned the last son of Krypton to his small-town roots. Producer Greg Berlanti focused on one of DC’s lesser-known heroes in his gritty street-level series Arrow (2012–20)
. The success of that show would spark the creation of an interconnected television universe (dubbed the “Arrowverse”, “Berlantiverse”, or "CWverse" by fans) that included The Flash (2014–23), Supergirl (2015–21), DC’s Legends of Tomorrow (2016–22), and Black Lightning (2017–21) among others. Damon Lindelof’s stand-alone HBO miniseries Watchmen (2019) was a critical smash, and it won nearly a dozen Emmy Awards.
In the 21st century, Christopher Nolan’s The Dark Knight trilogy grossed some $2.5 billion worldwide, and Heath Ledger’s captivating performance as the Joker in the second film of that series earned him a posthumous Academy Award for best supporting actor. Director Bryan Singer's Superman Returns (2006) was released and stars Brandon Routh as Superman, who later played the Atom in The CW Arrowverse series and reprised his role as Superman, with elements from the Kingdom Come version of the character in the Arrowverse crossover event titled ''Crisis on Infinite Earths''.

Green Lantern (2011), directed by Martin Campbell, was released. The movie stars Ryan Reynolds as Hal Jordan / Green Lantern, and was met with negative reviews, with criticism aimed at its script, tone, visual effects, and unfaithfulness to the source material. The film was one of the biggest box-office bombs in history, grossing $220 million against a production budget of $200 million.
Zack Snyder’s Man of Steel (2013) earned more than $600 million and served as the foundation for the DC Extended Universe (DCEU), a shared storytelling world for all of DC’s film properties. Later films in the DCEU included Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) in which Gal Gadot debuted her popular role as Wonder Woman, Wonder Woman (2017), Justice League (2017), Aquaman (2018), Shazam! (2019), Wonder Woman 1984 (2020), and Birds of Prey (2020). Zack Snyder’s Justice League (2021), a four-hour-long alternate edit of the box-office bomb Justice League, drew largely positive reviews from fans and critics when it premiered on the streaming service HBO Max. The psychological thriller Joker (2019) tells the origin story of the classic Batman villain, but the film was not connected to the broader DCEU
. Joker proved to be DC’s biggest critical success on the silver screen, earning nearly a dozen Academy Award nominations; Joaquin Phoenix won the Academy Award for best actor for his performance in the title role. A sequel of the Joker is officially in development, with Phoenix set to return and will include singer and actress Lady Gaga as Harley Quinn. The Suicide Squad (2021), directed by James Gunn, is a stand-alone movie that serves as a sequel to 2016's Suicide Squad, and was premiered on HBO Max, as well as Peacemaker (2022-present), a spin-off series starring John Cena.
Director Matt Reeves' The Batman (2022), a reboot of the character and starring Robert Pattinson as Batman, received positive reviews from critics, praising the acting, action scenes and music, however some did not like how long the movie was. It is a stand-alone movie and it is not connected to the DCEU. Sequels have been confirmed, as well as several spin-off series. Black Adam (2022), a Shazam spin-off movie, was released. It stars Dwayne Johnson as Black Adam, and received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $393 million worldwide, widely labeled as a box-office bomb after marketing and distribution costs were factored in.
The 2023 movie Shazam! Fury of the Gods was released. It is a sequel to Shazam!, and received mixed reviews form critics, who considered it inferior to its predecessor. It was a box-office failure, grossing just over $132 million worldwide against a production budget of $110–125 million. The Flash (2023), directed by Andy Muschietti and starring Ezra Miller as the Flash, was released. It is based on the Flashpoint comic book and explores the multiverse concept; with several DCEU stars returning to their respective roles. In the movie, the actor Michael Keaton reprised his role as Batman from Tim Burton's Batman movies, as well as the actress Sasha Calle, who portrayed Kara Zor-El / Supergirl. The movie received mixed reviews from critics, praising its story, action sequences, humor, and acting (particularly of Miller and Keaton), but it was criticized due to its third act and visual effects
. It has grossed $263 million worldwide against a production budget of $200–220 million, not including marketing costs, making it one of the biggest box-office bombs of all time, with projections of as much as a $200 million loss for Warner Bros.
Blue Beetle, starring actor Xolo Maridueña as Jaime Reyes / Blue Beetle, was released in the United States on August 18, 2023. The film grossed $115 million worldwide and received generally positive reviews from critics, but it emerged as a box-office bomb, grossing nearly $125 million worldwide against a production budget of $104 million and became the lowest-grossing film in the DCEU. Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom, the sequel to Aquaman, is scheduled to be released on December 20, 2023, following several delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and post-production and financial setbacks.

By the end of 2022, director James Gunn and producer Peter Safran were officially hired as co-CEOs of the newly branded DC Studios. On January 31, 2023, Gunn announced new projects for the new franchise titled ''DC Universe'', starting with Superman: Legacy, which will premiere in July 2025.

DC Imprints and Sub-Imprints

Active
Active 

 Vertigo (1993-)
 MAD/ MAD Magazine (Acquired by Warner in the 60's, integrated with DC Comics around 2001.)

Defunct 

 WildStorm (1999-2010)*
 CMX (2004-2010)
 Homage Comics
 Cliffhanger
 America's Best Comics (1999-2010)
 Helix (1996-1998)
 Tangent Comics (1997-2008)
 Paradox Press (1993-2001)
 Piranha Press (1989-1994)
 Humanoids (2004)
 2000AD (Reprints from Rebellion's 2000 AD line)
 Milestone (Owned by Milestone Media)
 Impact!
 Focus
 Minx (2007-2008)
 Zuda (2007-2010)

*the imprint was founded in 1992 but as part of the Image conglomerate and only moved to DC in 1999.

 
1934 establishments in the United States
Comics publishing companies

is:DC Comics
Wonder Woman is a superhero who appears in comic books published by DC Comics. She is one of the first female superheroes in American comic books, and the most famous female superhero in the world. William Moulton Marston, a psychologist who believed that women could be as strong and powerful as men, created Wonder Woman. She was partly inspired by his wife, Elizabeth Holloway-Marston. Wonder Woman first appeared in All-Star Comics # 8, published in December 1941. Her first solo comic book, Wonder Woman # 1, was published in the summer of 1942.
Story 
In the comic book, Wonder Woman's real name is Diana. She is the daughter of Queen Hippolyta. Hippolyta is the ruler of the Amazons, a race of peace-loving women who lived on an island named Themyscira (also referred to as Paradise Island). Soon after, Steve Trevor, a US Air Force pilot, crash-lands on Paradise Island during World War II. Diana and the Amazons tend to his wounds and help him recover. Diana decides that she will bring him back to the United States. When she gets there, she becomes the superhero that the world calls Wonder Woman. Her best-known powers are superhuman strength, speed, and reflexes, as well as flight. She has a magic lasso that forces those bound by it to tell the truth, and unbreakable gauntlets that can deflect bullets.
Villains 
Among her villains, the best known are:
 Ares - the Greek god of war, whose energy and almost infinite powers are fueled by war and hatred among humans
 Circe - an ancient sorceress who can transform men into animals
 The Cheetah - a British archaeologist who has an ancient magical stone that turns her into a Cheetah-like were-woman with incredible speed, reflexes, strength, and thirst for blood
 Silver Swan - a flying villainess whose main power is a very destructive sonic cry
 Dr. Psycho - a powerful psychokinetic man that hates women
 Devastation - a powerful villainess with powers similar to Wonder Woman's; she was created by the children of Chronus to destroy Wonder Woman and help take over Olympus

In other media 

Wonder Woman also appeared in animated cartoons and a live-action television program in the 1970s with actress Lynda Carter. The series made the character very famous.
In January 2001, producer Joel Silver asked Todd Alcott to write a Wonder Woman screenplay.  Early rumours listed actresses such as Mariah Carey, Sandra Bullock, and Catherine Zeta-Jones to play the role of Wonder Woman.  Leonard Goldberg, speaking in a May 2001 interview, named Sandra Bullock as a strong candidate for the project.  Bullock said that she was asked to play the role. Lucy Lawless and Chyna were both interested in it. Many writers wrote different versions of the screenplay.  By August 2003, Levens was replaced by screenwriter Laeta Kalogridis.
In March 2005, Warner Bros. said that Joss Whedon would write and direct the movie version of Wonder Woman. Whedon was directing Serenity at the time. He needed time to learn Wonder Woman's background. So he did not start writing until late 2005.  Silver wanted to film Wonder Woman in Australia once the script was finished. In May 2005, Whedon said that he would not cast Wonder Woman until he finished the script. Charisma Carpenter and Morena Baccarin said they were interested in the role.

In February 2007, Whedon left the project. He said he could not agree with the studio about the script.  Whedon said that since he was not doing the Wonder Woman project, he would focus on making his movie Goners.

Gal Gadot played Wonder Woman in the 2016 action movie Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. She played the lead role in the 2017 superhero film Wonder Woman. She played the role again in Justice League (2017), Wonder Woman 1984 (2020), and Zack Snyder's Justice League (2021).
Honors
On October 21, 2016, the United Nations named Wonder Woman a UN Honorary Ambassador for the Empowerment of Women and Girls. Many people did not like this, because they thought she was an "overtly sexualized image". They wanted the UN to use a real woman instead. Over 45,000 people signed a petition to remove her from the role. The character was dropped from the role two months later.

References

Other websites 
 Wonder Woman's Official Website 
 Wonder Woman's Origin @ DC Comics 
 Alan Kistler's History of Wonder Woman 
 Carol A. Strickland's Wonder Woman site

 
DC Comics adapted into movies
DC Comics superheroes
Justice League
Fictional characters introduced in 1941
Robert Lane "Bob" Saget (May 17, 1956 – January 9, 2022) was an American comedian and actor. He was best known for his appearances on television as Danny Tanner on Full House and the original host of America's Funniest Home Videos. He was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2014 for a comedy album that he made.

Personal life
Robert Lane Saget was born on May 17, 1956, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Dolly and Benjamin Saget.  He attended Abington Senior High School in Abington Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, before attending Temple University.
Saget married Sherri Kramer on May 16, 1982, and had three children with Kramer: Aubrey, Lara, and Jennifer.  The pair divorced on November 10, 1997.  He married Kelly Rizzo on October 30, 2018.

Death
On January 9, 2022, Saget was found dead at his hotel room in Orange County, Florida near Orlando at the age of 65. The cause of death was a subdural hematoma and a subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by head trauma after falling and hitting the back of his head.
References

American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American stand-up comedians
Actors from Philadelphia
1956 births
2022 deaths
Comedians from Philadelphia
American voice actors
American television presenters
American television directors
American television producers
Movie producers from Pennsylvania
Movie directors from Pennsylvania
Screenwriters from Pennsylvania
American television writers
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Deaths from head injury
Deaths from subdural hematoma
Deaths from subarachnoid hemorrhage
Wilmington is the name of many places:

In the United States of America
Cities
Wilmington, Delaware
Wilmington, Will County, Illinois
Wilmington, North Carolina
Wilmington, Ohio

Towns and villages
Wilmington, Los Angeles, California
Wilmington Manor, Delaware
Wilmington Island, Georgia
South Wilmington, Illinois - Grundy County, Illinois
Wilmington, Greene County, Illinois
Wilmington, Massachusetts
Wilmington Township, Minnesota
Wilmington, New York
New Wilmington, Pennsylvania - Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Wilmington Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Wilmington Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania
Wilmington, Vermont

In the United Kingdom
Wilmington, Devon
Wilmington, Kent
Wilmington, Sussex

In Australia
Wilmington, South Australia
Philip David Charles "Phil" Collins (born 30 January 1951) is a British drummer, songwriter, actor and singer. He was born in Chiswick, Hounslow, Middlesex. He was the drummer and singer of the band Genesis. He is very well known for his career away from the band, as a solo artist. His most well known album is No Jacket Required, which has sold over ten million copies in the United States. One of his most well known songs is "In the Air Tonight", which had a long running false rumour that it was about a drowning that Collins had witnessed. Collins starred in the movie Buster (1988). His daughter Lily Collins is a famous actress.

Collins won the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for "You'll Be in My Heart" for the 1999 movie Tarzan.

Discography

Solo albums
 Face Value (1981)
 Hello, I Must Be Going! (1982)
 No Jacket Required (1985)
 ...But Seriously (1989)
 Both Sides (1993)
 Dance into the Light (1996)
 Testify (2002)
 Going Back (2010)
Health 
Collins suffered an injury in 2009. The surgery to correct the injury to his neck went wrong. Due to this, he has not been able to play drums. He has to use a cane while walking. He has to be seated in a chair when performing on stage.

References

Other websites

 
 Phil Collins at Atlantic Records
 

1951 births
Living people
 
English rock drummers
Actors from London
Actors from Middlesex
English movie actors
English rock singers
English television actors
English voice actors
Genesis members
Musicians from London
Progressive rock singers
Musicians from Middlesex
People from Chiswick
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Golden Globe Award winners
Atlantic Records artists
Badfinger was a British rock group. They were first called The Iveys, but renamed themselves after a song title, "Badfinger Boogie", the original title of "With a Little Help From My Friends". The band's members were Peter Ham, Tom Evans, Mike Gibbins and Joey Molland. Badfinger recorded for Apple Records, which was a record label started by The Beatles, Warner Brothers, Elektra Records, and Radio Records.

Their first hit record was "Come And Get It", which was written by Paul McCartney. It appeared in a movie, The Magic Christian. The band followed McCartney's demo closely to make the record. The finished record sounded like a Beatles song. Later they made records that sounded different, and showed the band's own style. Todd Rundgren was the producer of some of their recordings.
In 1970 Badfinger made an agreement with an American businessman called Stan Polley who promised to help them earn more money. But instead of helping them, Polley kept their money away from them in an account and refused to tell them how to get it out. He also behaved dishonestly toward Warner Bros. Because of his dishonesty, the band's sixth album was removed from shops after being available for only seven weeks, and Warner Bros. refused to release their seventh album. As a result, the band did not earn any money for their hard work, which made Pete Ham feel very depressed. Feeling that he could not be a good husband or father without any money, Ham committed suicide by hanging himself in 1975.
Evans and Molland decided they still wanted to work together. Mike Gibbins, the drummer, wanted to as well, but could not. They found two more musicians to take the place of Ham and Gibbins, and recorded a new album called "Airwaves". They had only one very small hit, but continued to tour. They released another record called "Say No More". This record had cover art by artist Peter Max.

Tom Evans had problems like Ham's, and killed himself (eight years after Ham) in the same way.

References
References

Musical groups established in 1969
1960s establishments in England
20th-century establishments in Wales
Musical groups disestablished in 1975
1970s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1980s disestablishments in England
Musical groups established in 1978
1978 establishments in the United Kingdom
1970s establishments in England
Musical groups disestablished in 1984
1984 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1960s British music groups
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
British rock bands
1975 disestablishments in Europe
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of six main parts of the United Nations. The Security Council deals with maintaining peace and security between nations.

Membership 
There are 15 members of the UNSC but only five are permanent members. They are:
 China
 France
 Russia
 United Kingdom
 United States

The ten temporary seats are held for two years with member states (countries) voted in by the United Nations General Assembly on a regional basis. The Presidency of the Security Council (i.e. the leadership) is rotated alphabetically each month. Currently, the members are:
Powers 
If a country has behaved in a way seen as bad, the member countries of UNSC can make a ruling, known as a United Nations Security Council Resolution. All five of the permanent member countries must either agree to this ruling or at least not vote against it; if any of them do, it is said to have been "vetoed" and does not come into effect. This Resolution may call for UN members to take certain actions to punish the country, called "sanctions".