Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
14
Elaine S. Edwards, 89, American politician, U.S. Senator from Louisiana (1972), complications from COPD.
Roberto Farias, 86, Brazilian movie director (Cidade Ameaçada), producer (Pra Quem Fica, Tchau) and screenwriter (Pra Frente, Brasil), stomach cancer.
Doug Ford, 95, American Hall of Fame golfer, PGA Champion (1955) and Masters Champion (1957).
María Elena Meneses Rocha, 56, Mexican journalist (Univision) and educator (Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education), complications from surgery.
Frank Quilici, 79, American baseball player (Minnesota Twins), manager and commentator.
E. C. George Sudarshan, 86, Indian theoretical physicist (Glauber–Sudarshan P representation) and professor (University of Texas at Austin).
William Vance, 82, Belgian comics artist (XIII, Bob Morane, Bruno Brazil), Parkinson's disease.
Tom Wolfe, 88, American author (The Bonfire of the Vanities, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, The Right Stuff) and journalist (New York Herald Tribune), infection.
15
Eli Avivi, 88, Persian-born Israeli politician, President-for-Life of Akhzivland (since 1972), pneumonia.
Joseph G. Clemons, 90, American soldier, subject of Pork Chop Hill, complications from pneumonia.
Amir Ganiel, 55, Israeli swimmer.
Martin Hoffman, 88, Czech-born British bridge player, writer and Holocaust survivor.
Tom Murphy, 83, Irish playwright (A Whistle in the Dark, Conversations on a Homecoming).
Barbara Nawrocka-Dońska, 93, Polish journalist (Zwierciadło) and feminist essayist, member of the Association of European Culture (since 2000).
Jlloyd Samuel, 37, Trinidadian footballer (Aston Villa, Bolton Wanderers), car crash.
Ray Wilson, 83, English footballer (Huddersfield Town, Everton, national team), world champion (1966), Alzheimer's disease.
16
François Bréda, 62, Romanian writer and literary critic.
Joseph Campanella, 93, American actor (Guiding Light, Days of Our Lives, Spider-Man: The Animated Series), complications from Parkinson's disease.
Gérard Jouannest, 85, French pianist.
Eloísa Mafalda, 93, Brazilian actress (A Próxima Atração, Água Viva, Meu Bem Querer), respiratory failure.
Diana E. Murphy, 84, American judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (1994–2018), congestive heart failure.
Lucian Pintilie, 84, Romanian movie director (The Reenactment, An Unforgettable Summer, Next Stop Paradise).
Michael Slive, 77, American college athletics commissioner (Conference USA, Southeastern Conference), prostate cancer.
17
Jürgen Marcus, 69, German singer ("Chansons pour ceux qui s'aiment"), Eurivision contestant (1976), complications from COPD. (death announced on this date)
Nicole Fontaine, 76, French lawyer and politician, President of the European Parliament (1999–2002).
Richard Pipes, 94, Polish-American academic (Harvard University), political expert (Soviet Union, Team B) and aide (Ronald Reagan).
Mehdi Tabatabaei, 82, Iranian politician, MP (1984–1988, 2004–2008), lung disease.
18
Stephanie Adams, 47, American model (Playboy) and author, suicide by jumping.
Doğan Babacan, 88, Turkish football referee (1975 European Super Cup).
Billy Cannon, 80, American football player (Houston Oilers, Oakland Raiders, Kansas City Chiefs).
Sir John Carrick, 99, Australian politician, Minister for Education (1975–1979).
Ayad Futayyih Al-Rawi, 76, Iraqi military officer (Republican Guard) and convicted criminal, stroke.
Darío Castrillón Hoyos, 88, Colombian Roman Catholic cardinal, Archbishop of Bucaramanga (1992–1996), President of the Congregation for the Clergy (1996–2006) and of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei (2000–2009), liver disease.
Sir Des Champs, 11, Irish racehorse, race injury.
Eric McLuhan, 76, Canadian communications theorist and media ecologist, cardiac arrest.
Yrsa Stenius, 73, Finnish-born Swedish journalist (Arbetarbladet).
19
Harvey Hall, 77, American businessman and politician, Mayor of Bakersfield, California (2001–2017), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Robert Indiana, 89, American pop artist (Love), respiratory failure.
Maya Jribi, 58, Tunisian politician, Secretary-General of the Republican Party (2012–2017), pancreatic cancer.
Bernard Lewis, 101, British-American historian (The Jews of Islam, Islam and the West, What Went Wrong?).
Reggie Lucas, 65, American songwriter ("Borderline", "Never Knew Love Like This Before") and record producer, Grammy winner (1981), heart disease.
Ernst Sieber, 91, Swiss pastor (Sozialwerke Pfarrer Sieber) and politician, member of the National Council (1991–1995).
Roland Vogt, 77, German politician, MP (1983–1987).
20
Jaroslav Brabec, 68, Czech Olympic shot putter (1972, 1976) and athletic coach, European Athletics Indoor Champion (1973).
Bill Gold, 97, American movie poster artist (Casablanca, The Exorcist, A Streetcar Named Desire), complications from Alzheimer's disease.
Richard N. Goodwin, 86, American speechwriter (John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson) and political writer, Director of the International Peace Corps Secretariat (1963–1964), cancer.
Koo Bon-moo, 73, South Korean business executive, Chairman of LG Corporation (since 1995), brain cancer.
Patricia Morison, 103, American actress (Kiss Me, Kate, Dressed to Kill, The Song of Bernadette).
Rolf Sand, 98, Norwegian actor (Den pantsatte bondedreng).
21
António Arnault, 82, Portuguese poet and politician, Minister of Social Affairs (1978).
Anna Maria Ferrero, 84, Italian actress (The Violent Patriot, Bad Girls Don't Cry, Love and Larceny).
Gholamreza Hassani, 90, Iranian Islamic leader, MP (1980).
Allyn Ann McLerie, 91, Canadian-born American actress (They Shoot Horses, Don't They?, The Way We Were, All the President's Men), Alzheimer's disease.
Dovey Johnson Roundtree, 104, American civil rights activist and attorney (Keys v. Carolina Coach Co.).
Pedro Tenorio, 84, Northern Mariana Islander politician, Governor (1982–1990, 1998–2002), complications from a stroke.
Clint Walker, 90, American actor (Cheyenne, The Dirty Dozen, Small Soldiers), congestive heart failure.
Faith Whittlesey, 79, American politician and diplomat, Ambassador to Switzerland (1985–1988), cancer.
22
Alberto Dines, 86, Brazilian journalist (Jornal do Brasil, Grupo Abril, Observatório da Imprensa) and professor (Columbia University), pneumonia.
Júlio Pomar, 92, Portuguese painter and illustrator.
Philip Roth, 85, American writer (Goodbye, Columbus, Portnoy's Complaint, American Pastoral), Pulitzer Prize winner (1998), congestive heart failure.

23
Antonio Horvath, 68, Chilean civil engineer and politician, Deputy (1990–1994) and Senator (1994–2018), lymphoma.
Luis Posada Carriles, 90, Cuban exiled anti-Castro militant, CIA agent and convicted terrorist, throat cancer.
Daniel Robin, 74, French wrestler, Olympic double-silver medalist (1968).
László Tábori, 86, Hungarian-born American Olympic athlete (1956).
24
Gudrun Burwitz, 88, German neonazi militant, daughter of Heinrich Himmler.
Cliff Jackson, 76, English footballer (Crystal Palace). (death announced on this date)
Jerry Maren, 98, American actor (The Wizard of Oz), heart failure complicated by dementia.
Richard Peck, 84, American novelist (A Year Down Yonder, A Long Way from Chicago, The Ghost Belonged to Me), Newbery Medal recipient (2001), cancer.
Daniela Samulski, 33, German swimmer, European champion (2006, 2010), stomach cancer.
Roblimo, 65, American technological journalist (Geeknet, Slashdot), heart attack.
TotalBiscuit, 33, British gaming critic (YouTube) and commentator, bowel cancer.

25
Sergio Graziani, 87, Italian actor (The Five Days, Goodnight, Ladies and Gentlemen, It Can’t Be All Our Fault).
Piet Kee, 90, Dutch composer and organist.
Naser Malek Motiei, 88, Iranian actor (Vagabond, And Then There Were None, Torkaman), kidney failure.
26
Alan Bean, 86, American astronaut (Apollo 12, Skylab 3), fourth person to walk on the moon.
Pierre Bellemare, 88, French actor (OSS 117: Lost in Rio), television presenter (Cresus) and radio personality (Les pieds dans le plat).
Ted Dabney, 81, American electrical engineer, co-founder of Atari, Inc., esophageal cancer.
Roger Piantoni, 86, French footballer (Nancy, Stade de Reims, national team).
Antonio Pujía, 88, Italian-born Argentine sculptor, colorectal cancer.
Svetlin Rusev, 84, Bulgarian artist.

27
John DiFronzo, 89, American mobster (Chicago Outfit), complications from Alzheimer's disease.
Gardner Dozois, 70, American Hall of Fame science fiction writer (Strangers, Morning Child, Hunter's Run) and editor (Asimov's Science Fiction), Nebula Award winner (1984, 1985), multiple organ failure complicated by infection.
Aly Lotfy Mahmoud, 82, Egyptian economist and politician, Prime Minister (1985–1986).
Donald H. Peterson, 84, American astronaut (STS-6), Alzheimer's disease and bone cancer.
28
Pippo Caruso, 82, Italian composer (Kill Johnny Ringo, Maladolescenza) and conductor.
Neale Cooper, 54, Scottish football player (Aberdeen, Dunfermline Athletic) and manager (Ross County), suspected cardiac arrest.
Serge Dassault, 93, French businessman (Dassault Group) and politician, Senator (2004–2017), heart attack.
María Dolores Pradera, 93, Spanish actress (¡A mí la legión!, La Lola se va a los puertos, Agustina de Aragón) and singer ("María Dolores", "Gracias a Vosotros").
Semavi Eyice, 95, Turkish Byzantine and Ottoman art historian, Presidential Culture and Arts Grand Award recipient (2011).
Cornelia Frances, 77, English-born Australian actress (The Young Doctors, Home and Away, The Lost Islands), bladder cancer.
Josh Martin, 46, American guitarist (Anal Cunt), fall.
Dick Quax, 70, Dutch-born New Zealand athlete, Olympic silver medalist (1976), and politician, member of the Auckland Council (since 2011), throat cancer.
Jens Christian Skou, 99, Danish medical doctor and chemist, discovered Na+/K+-ATPase, Nobel Prize laureate (1997).
Michel Stolker, 84, Dutch racing cyclist (Tour de France), complications from hypertension.
Ola Ullsten, 86, Swedish politician, Prime Minister (1978–1979).
29
Yoseph Imry, 79, Israeli physicist, discovered mesoscopic physics, Wolf Prize winner (2016).

30
Madiha Yousri, 96, Egyptian actress (Immortal Song), heart disease.

31
Michael D. Ford, 90, English art director and set decorator (Raiders of the Lost Ark, Titanic, The Empire Strikes Back), Oscar winner (1982, 1998).
Aníbal Quijano, 90, Peruvian sociologist, developer of coloniality of power concept.

Months
 January
 February
 March
 April
 June

Related pages
 Deaths in 2014
 Deaths in 2015
 Deaths in 2016
 Deaths in 2017

References

Other websites
The Guardian, UK obituaries
The Telegraph obituaries
Obituaries, Chicago Tribune
Obituaries, Los Angeles Times
The New York Times, US obituaries
The Washington Post obituaries
The Sydney Morning Herald, Australian obituaries

5
May 2018 events
Roelof Frederik "Pik" Botha, DMS (27 April 1932 – 12 October 2018) was a South African politician. He served as the country's foreign minister in the last years of the apartheid era.

Botha was nicknamed 'Pik' (short for pikkewyn, Afrikaans for 'penguin') because of a perceived likeness to a penguin in his stance, accentuated when he wore a suit.

In 2000, Botha declared his support for Presidents Nelson Mandela and Thabo Mbeki.

Botha died on 12 October 2018 at his home in Pretoria at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
 South African History Online 
 South African Who's Who 

1932 births
2018 deaths
People associated with Apartheid
South African politicians
Rose Laurens, previously billed as Rose Merryl (born Rose Podwojny; 4 March 1953 – 30 April 2018), was a French pop singer-songwriter. She was known for her songs "Africa" and the French concept album of Les Misérables, a song later adapted into English as "I Dreamed a Dream".

Laurens died on 30 April 2018 of a long-illness at the age of 65.

References

Other websites
 Official site 

1953 births
2018 deaths
French pop singers
French songwriters
Writers from Paris
Santa Clarita Diet is an American horror-comedy web television series created by Victor Fresco. It was created for the streaming service Netflix. It stars Drew Barrymore and Timothy Olyphant. The series premiered on February 3, 2017 with the first season. It has received generally positive reviews, with critics praising the cast and premise, but criticizing the number of graphic scenes. The second season was announced on March 29, 2017 and premiered on March 23, 2018. The series was cancelled on March 29, 2019 after the third season.

Joel and Sheila Hammond are real estate agents in Santa Clarita, California. The couple face a series of harsh events when Sheila has a physical transformation into a zombie and starts craving human flesh after eating clams.  With Joel and the family trying to help Sheila, they have to deal with neighbors, cultural norms and getting to the bottom of a potentially mythological mystery.

References

Other websites
Other websites
 
 

American horror television series
American comedy television series
Television series set in Los Angeles County, California
2010s American television series debuts
2010s American television series endings
Netflix original series
English-language television programs
Henderson Waves () is a pedestrian bridge in Singapore. The bridge is in the shape of a wave.

Bridges in Asia
Buildings and structures in Singapore
Aileen Clark Hernandez (May 23, 1926 – February 13, 2017) was an African-American who fought for the rights of women and people with less rights. During her life, she was the president of the National Organization for Women and also worked in government for the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

Early life 
Hernandez's parents were Charles and Ethel Clark. They moved from Jamaica to the United States. Hernandez grew up in Brooklyn, New York City with her two brothers. Ethel Clark was a worker in a clothing factory. Charles Clark was a worker for an art supply store. All of the children in the Clark family learned to do work around the house such as sewing and cooking.
Education 
Hernandez went to Bay Ridge High School. She was a successful student and almost at the top of her class. Later, she went to Howard University, in Washington, D.C. She was educated at other universities, such as University of Oslo, New York University, and the University of California at Los Angeles. In 1959, she received a master's degree from University of California at Los Angeles.

Career 
Her first job was with the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union. She also worked with Alan Cranston and at the Fair Employment Practice Commission. Later, she was the first female on the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Hernandez started working with businesses to help them hire more women and people with less rights in 1966. She was vice president of the National Organization for Women in 1967 and became president in 1971.

Death 
Hernandez died from complications related to dementia at the age of 90.
Honors and awards 
 Woman of the Year, Community Relations Conference of Southern California; 1961
 Howard University Distinguished Postgraduate Achievement in Labor and Public Service; 1968
 Ten Most Distinguished Women in the San Francisco Bay Area (The San Francisco Examiner); 1969
 Honoree of the National Urban Coalition for Distinguished Service to Urban Communities; 1985
 Regents Scholar in Residence, University of California, Santa Barbara
 Silver Spur Award (San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association); 1995
 Eleanor Roosevelt Award (Democratic Women’s Forum in California); 1996

References
References 

 "Aileen Clarke Hernandez." Contemporary Black Biography, vol. 13, Gale, 1996. Biography in Context. Accessed May 4, 2018.
 "Aileen Hernandez." UXL Biographies, UXL, 2011. Student Resources in Context. Accessed May 4, 2018.
 "Aileen Clarke Hernandez." DISCovering U.S. History, Gale, 1997. Student Resources in Context. Accessed May 4, 2018.
 Sandomir, Richard. "Aileen Hernandez, Ex-NOW President and Feminist Trailblazer, Dies at 90." New York Times, Mar. 1, 2017, p. A28(L). Student Resources in Context. Accessed May 4, 2018.

1926 births
2017 deaths
African-American people
American feminists
American civil rights activists
California State University
People from Brooklyn
Deaths from dementia
Jody Williams (born October 9, 1950) is a peace activist and humanitarian. She focused mainly on removing landmines from the world. Williams helped start the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL).

Inspiration 
Many things made her become a peace activist. One of these things was her brother. Her brother was deaf and schizophrenic. He was disliked for his disabilities.

In college, Williams didn't know what she wanted to study. After she graduated, she worked as a teacher in the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Washington D.C. Williams does not like landmines. She does not want innocent people to be hurt by the landmines. Some people would accidentally step on the landmines and be killed.
Work With Celebrities 
Williams worked with celebrities to help teach people about the danger of landmines. She even worked with was Diana, Princess of Wales. Some celebrities didn't like this activism. One celebrity that didn't like Williams’ activism was Bill Clinton, a former US president. Clinton made this clear when he did not call her when she got the Nobel Peace Prize.

Achievements 
Williams won the Nobel Peace Prize. She was given the Nobel Peace Prize because of her work on getting rid of landmines. The Nobel Peace Prize was given to her in October, a day after her birthday. Williams said that it was challenging for her to get support on this project. The government didn't want to give landmines up because they were cheap and worked well. Williams won the argument and had landmines were made illegal.

Williams worked for many organizations. She worked with Nicaragua-Honduras Education Project, the Medical Aid for El Salvador, Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation, and Medico International.
Williams wrote Banning Landmines: Disarmament, Citizen Diplomacy, and Human Security and My Name is Jody Williams: A Vermont Girl's Winding Path to the Nobel Peace Prize. Williams also helped make the Nobel Women's Initiative. The Nobel Women’s Initiative is an organization that is made up of female Nobel Peace Prize winners. They work all over the world and tell people about female equality.

References 

1950 births
Living people
American activists
Irene Natividad works on helping women around the world.

Early life 
Natividad was born in 1948 in the Philippines. In Natividad’s early life, she and her family spent a lot of time moving. She traveled to Japan, Iran, Greece, and India and learned many languages, including Spanish, French, Tagalong, Farsi, Italian and Greek. By traveling, she saw how women were treated all over. Her mother never had a job because she was not allowed to work. Her mother told her to become a great student so she could get a job, unlike her.

Education 
Natividad went to many different schools as a child. The schools were all around the world. Her high school was in Greece. She went to Long Island University after high school. Then she went to Columbia University. She was given two degrees there. The degrees were for Philosophy and American Literature. Natividad also went to Marymount College
Career 
Natividad led the National Women's Political Caucus. She often writes and talks about her opinion on many topics. In 1992 she became leader of the Global Forum for Women. The Global Forum for Women comes up with ideas to try and help issues with women. She joined other people to start Project Vote Smart. They try to get more votes for education. She became the chair of the Women’s Votes ‘96.

Awards 
Asian American Quarterly (1994): “Power Brokers: The 25 Most Influential People in Asian America”

Campaigns and Elections Magazine (1993) “Seventy-four Women Who Are Changing American Politics"

The National Conference for College Women Student Leaders (1989) “Women of Distinction Award”

Ladies’ Home Journal (1989) “100 Most Powerful Women in America”

Women’s Funding Coalition (1987) “Innovator for Women$hare Award”

Americans by Choice (1986) “Honored Americans Award”

Women’s Congressional Caucus  (1985) “Women Making History Award
Personal life 
Natividad now lives in Washington DC. She is married to Andres Cortese. They have one son. His name is Carlo Natividad-Cortese.

References 

1948 births
Living people
Women's rights activists
American activists
Yolande Cornelia "Nikki" Giovanni, Jr. (born June 7, 1943), is an American poet, writer, commentator, activist, and educator. She was one of the world's most well-known African-American poets. She was born in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Career 
Giovanni was part of the Black Arts Movement. Her early writings supported human rights and fought against violence. Giovanni wrote to protest the unfair lives of black people. She also writes about family, love, and children. Some of her writing is also for children. Jazz music and her family's stories helped her writing.

Achievements 
Giovanni wrote Gemini, which was given the National Book Award.

References 

1943 births
African American writers
American activists
Academics from Virginia‎
American poets
Writers from Ohio
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
Writers from Tennessee
Living people
Academics from Ohio
Academics from New Jersey
Zenzi Miriam Makeba (March 4, 1932 - November 9, 2008), nicknamed Mama Africa, was a South African singer, actress, and activist. She was against racial segregation which happened during the 20th century in South Africa.She shaped the new transition of black empowerment through her nationally and somehow globally acclaimed music.

Early life 
Makeba was born in a town near Johannesburg, South Africa on March 4, 1932. Her town was segregated. Makeba started to sing in her school/church choir. She found comfort in singing and music.

Middle Life 
Makeba started singing professionally in 1950. She first sang with her cousin's group. They were called the Cuban Brothers. She was also in two other groups called the Manhattan Brothers and the Skylarks. Makeba was in movies and musicals as well. She was in the musical King Kong in 1959, the movie Come Back, Africa, and she recorded music with Harry Belafonte.
Come Back, Africa criticized segregation in South Africa. The South African government banned her from South Africa. Harry Belafonte helped Makeba come to the United States of America. They became friends and made an album together. The album was called “An Evening with Belafonte/Makeba.” They won a Grammy award in 1966 for that album.

Late Life 
Makeba married a jazz trumpet player named Hugh Masekela in 1964. Makeba divorced him in 1966. She then married Stokely Carmichael in 1968. He was a Civil Rights leader. She divorced him in 1978. Makeba came back to South Africa in 1990. The government started removing laws that made South Africa segregated. Makeba then died on November 9th 2008.

References 

1932 births
2008 deaths
South African activists
South African musicians
Fannie Lou Hamer (;  Townsend; October 6, 1917 – March 14, 1977) was an influential American activist who fought for equal rights. Hamer protested for racial equality and reproductive rights in America. She is known for speaking for the African American group at an important national all-white meeting. Hamer was also a church singer. Her perseverance and rebellious spirit allowed her to help others, and make a long-lasting impact.

Activism 
Hamer spent a large portion of her life working in the fields. She grew up on a farm. She married her husband in 1944, and they found work at a nearby plantation.
In 1962, Hamer learned that voting registration for Black Americans was possible. She immediately traveled to the nearest poll. However, she could not pass the literacy test. It was made very difficult to keep Black Americans from being able to vote. She soon returned home. She was fired from her job because she wanted to vote. She continued to attempt registration. She was arrested. In prison, she was beaten. However, her confidence and perseverance gained nationwide attention. 

In 1964, she co-founded the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP). This organization challenged the local Democratic Party’s racist efforts. In 1968, Hamer became an official member of Mississippi’s first delegation to have both White and Black Americans. She organized many more operations and rallies in support of civil rights. Hamer traveled around the country, giving powerful speeches. In 1971, Hamer helped to found the National Women’s Political Caucus.
Home Life 
Hamer grew up in Mississippi, USA. She was the youngest of twenty children. Their family was able to get a small amount of a land and a tractor. A white family was very upset that Hamer’s family had this. The white family killed their cattle. After this event, The Hamer family was even poorer than before. Later Hamer said in an interview, “Things got so tough I began to wish I was white.” She also said that her mother got angry at her for saying that and her mother said “Don't ever, ever say that. You respect yourself as a little black child. And as you grow older, respect yourself as a black woman. Then one day, other people will respect you.”Hamer told herself that she would “Do something for the black man of the South if it would cost her life.”Later in Hamer’s life, she married Perry “Pap” Hamer. She adopted 4 children since she could not have any of her own.
Political Life 
When Hamer was still working, she learned that voting registration for Black Americans was possible. However, she could not pass the purposely-difficult literacy exam, and returned home. She was fired immediately upon return, and had much of her property confiscated. 

Hamer was angry and hoped to change the separated system. This hope led her to become a politician.  During her political life, she was most well known for her work in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.  While doing this job, Hamer fought for equality in voting. Hamer received the attention of the country for her position in the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.  This helped black people to be elected to national offices in Mississippi.  Henry Kirksey, a black representative in national offices, said "If Fannie Lou Hamer had had the same opportunities that Martin Luther King had, then we would have had a female Martin Luther King."

References
References 

1917 births
1977 deaths
American civil rights activists
People from Mississippi
Ella Josephine Baker (December 13, 1903 – December 13, 1986) was an African-American civil rights and human rights activist. She worked alongside some of the most famous civil rights leaders of the 20th century, including W. E. B. Du Bois, Thurgood Marshall, A. Philip Randolph, and Martin Luther King Jr. She also mentored many emerging activists, such as Diane Nash, Stokely Carmichael, Rosa Parks, and Bob Moses. Baker has been ranked as  "One of the most important African American leaders of the twentieth century and perhaps the most influential woman in the Civil Rights Movement," known for her critiques not only of racism within American culture, but also the sexism and classism within the Civil Rights Movement.

Organizations 
Baker worked with many civil rights organizations. Some of these organizations were the NAACP, Martin Luther King’s Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.
Baker knew that some Black American protesters lost their jobs. Their White American bosses fired them. So she co-founded “In Friendship.” “In Friendship” raised money and collected  clothing to send to people who were fired. Baker was the Executive Secretary.

References 

1903 births
1986 deaths
American civil rights activists
American human rights activists
African-American people
Amina al-Said (January 20, 1914 - August 13, 1995) was an Egyptian feminist, journalist, and editor.

In 1931, she was one of the first three women to graduate from Fu’ad University. She advocated for women's rights in Egypt. She started the first Arabic magazine for women in 1934, the Hawaa-Eve. She also helped start the Pan-Arab Feminist Union. Al-Said was the first Egyptian journalist to be paid by a major publisher.

She received the First State Recognition Award, First Order of the Republic, Universal Star, and National Arts Award. She was also one of the first women's rights activists to be supported by her government.

References 

1914 births
1995 deaths
American activists
Frederick Clinton "Fred" Quimby (July 31, 1886 – September 16, 1965) was an American cartoon producer. He was best known as producing Tom and Jerry cartoons, for which he won seven Academy Awards.

He was the movie sales executive in charge of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, which included Tex Avery, as well as William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (creators of Tom and Jerry).

References

Other websites
 
 The Tom and Jerry Story
 The Creators – The Magic Behind The Cartoon

1886 births
1965 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American animators
American movie producers
Businesspeople from Minnesota
The Professor's Cube is a mechanical puzzle, a 5×5×5 version of the Rubik's Cube.  It has qualities in common with both the original 3×3×3 Rubik's Cube and the 4×4×4 Rubik's Revenge, and knowing how to solve either can help when working on the 5×5×5 cube.

Related pages
 Pocket Cube
 Rubik's Cube
 Rubik's Revenge

Logic
Puzzles
Sir Eric Grant Yarrow, 3rd Baronet, MBE, DL, FRSE (23 April 1920 – 22 September 2018) was a British businessman. He was born in Surrey, England.

After serving during World War II, he worked at Yarrow Shipbuilders, in 1946, later becoming President of Yarrow plc until 1987, and was Chairman of Clydesdale Bank from 1985 to 1991.

Yarrow was appointed a Vice-President of RINA in 1972 as well as serving as Prime Warden of the Shipwrights' Company (1970–71), among other charitable activities.

Yarrow was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for military service in 1946.

Yarrow died on 22 September 2018 at the age of 98.

References

Other websites
 Burke's Peerage and Baronetage
 Who's Who
 Profile: Eric Yarrow Frost's Scottish Who's Who

1920 births
2018 deaths
British businesspeople
British military personnel of World War II
People from Surrey
Anita Ellis (née Kert; April 12, 1920 – October 28, 2015) is a Canadian-born American singer, actress and pilot. She was born in Montreal, Quebec. Ellis became a naturalized United States citizen in 1950. In 1941, she joined WLW in Cincinnati, Ohio, as a singer. Ellis dubbed the singing voices of such actresses as Rita Hayworth (notably in Gilda, 1946), Vera-Ellen and Jeanne Crain.

Ellis retired in 1987 and moved to Manhattan. She suffered from Alzheimer's disease.

References

Other websites
 
 Film Reference biography 

1920 births
2015 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian stage actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian radio actors
Canadian singers
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American radio actors
American aviators
People with Alzheimer's disease
Actors from Montreal
Actors from Manhattan
Singers from New York City
Lydia Wideman (later Wideman-Lehtonen; 17 May 1920 – 13 April 2019) was a Finnish Olympic cross-country skier gold medalist. She was born in Vilppula, Finland. She was the first female Olympic medalist in cross-country skiing. In 1952 she competed in thirteen 10 km races and won all of them, including the 1952 Winter Olympics, national championships and Lahti Ski Games.

In February 2018, following the death of Durward Knowles, she became the oldest living Olympic champion. Wideman died on 13 April 2019, aged 98.

References

1920 births
2019 deaths
Finnish Olympic gold medalists
Finnish skiers
Sir Durward Randolph Knowles (2 November 1917 – 24 February 2018) was a Bahamian sailor and Olympic champion. He won the gold medal in the Star class at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, together with Cecil Cooke. He won the bronze medal in the same class at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne.

From 2016 to 2018, he was the oldest living Olympic champion. He turned 100 in November 2017 and died on 24 February 2018 of kidney failure.

References

1917 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
Olympic gold medalists
Olympic bronze medalists
Centenarians
Bahamian sportspeople
Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse (January 2, 1918 – December 13, 2019) was a German type designer, calligrapher and book-binder. She was the 1991 winner of the Frederic W. Goudy Award. She also designed several fonts.

Life
She was born in Schwerin, Germany. In her early years, she worked with Rudolf Koch and Edward Johnston.

From 1946 to 1954, Von Hesse taught lettering at the Städelschule in Frankfurt. She was hired by the Stempel foundry in Frankfurt to design typefaces, and went on to a successful career as a typographer with Stempel.

In 2001, she was recognized with a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Friends of Calligraphy. She turned 100 in January 2018.

From 1951 until his death in 2015, she was married to Hermann Zapf. They had one son Christian, who died in 2012. She lived in Darmstadt, Germany. She died on December 13, 2019 at the age of 101.
Created designs
Alcuin (URW Hamburg)
Ariadne (Stempel)
Carmina (Bitstream)
Christiana (Berthold)
Columbine (URW Hamburg)
Diotima (Stempel)
 Hesse-Antiqua (2018, Monotype, with Ferdinand Ulrich)
Nofret (Berthold)
Shakespeare (Hallmark)
Smaragd (Stempel)

References

Other websites
MyFonts: Gudrun Zapf von Hesse 
Font Designer – Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse
Personal Designer Portrait – Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse 
Typophile: Gudrun Zapf von Hesse 

1918 births
2019 deaths
German centenarians
German designers
German educators
Writers from Frankfurt
Deloitte
Allstate
Apollo Global Management
Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubisho UFJ Financial Group
BBVA
Berkshire Hathaway
Blackrock
Blackstone
Charles Schwab
Comcast
Dexia
Duke Energy
EDF
Eaton Vance
Erste
Fifth Third
France Telecom*
GDF Suez*
General Motors
Glencore
Great West Life
Hartford
Janus Capital Group
La Caixa
Lazard
Metlife
Microsoft
Morgan Stanley
National Bank of Canada
Natixis*
Proctor & Gamble
Royal Bank of Canada
Royal Bank of Scotland
Santander
Societe Generale*
Sun Life
Swedbank*
Vodafone
Waddell Reed
Ernst & Young
Aegon
Airbus*
Ameriprise Financial
AMP
Apple
AT&T
Aviva
Bankia
BP
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
Capital One
Carlyle Group
Commonwealth Bank
ConocoPhillips
Credit Agricole*
Dai-Ichi Life
Danske Bank
DBS Bank
Delta Lloyd
Deutsche Telekom
Enel
Eni
Federated Investors
France Telecom*
GDF Suez*
Henderson Global Investors
Hewlett-Packard (HP)
Hitachi
Iberdrola
ING
Intesa Sanpaolo
Invesco
Investec*
KBC
Lincoln National
Manulife
Mizuho Financial Group
National Australia Bank
Nissan
NKSJ/Sompo Japan
Nomura
Phoenix
Principal Financial
Regions
Resona Holdings
Sanofi*
Societe Generale*
State Street
Stifel
Svenska Handelsbanken*
Swedbank*
T&D
Telecom Italia
Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO)
Toronto-Dominion Bank*
Total*
UOB
US Bancorp
Verizon
Walmart
KPMG
Aberdeen Asset Management
ABN AMRO
Aflac
Ageas
Airbus*
Allianz
Allied Irish Bank
ANZ
Bank of Montreal
Bank of New York Mellon
BHP Billiton
BMW
Citigroup
CNP Assurances
Credit Suisse
Daimler
Daiwa
Deutsche Bank
F&C Asset Management
General Electric
Genworth Financial
Honda
HSBC
Investec*
Legal & General
Merck
Millennium BCP
Monte Paschi Siena
MS&AD
Munich RE
Natixis*
Nestle
Nippon Telephone & Telegraph (NTT)
Nordea
Northern Trust
OCBC
Old Mutual
Pfizer
Prudential
Scotiabank
Siemens
Standard Chartered
Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group
Svenska Handelsbanken*
Talanx
Telefonica
Total*
Travelers
T Rowe Price
UBS
Unicredit
Wells Fargo
Zentralbank
PriceWaterhouseCoopers
Affiliated Managers Group
AIA
AIG
Altria
American Express
Anheuser-Busch InBev
Assicurazioni Generali
AXA
Bank of America 
Bank of Hong Kong
Bank of Ireland
Barclays
BB&T
BNP Paribas
Chevron
Commerzbank
Credit Agricole*
Eon
ExxonMobil
Ford
Franklin Templeton
Goldman Sachs
ICAP
IBM
Johnson & Johnson
JP Morgan
Legg Mason
Lloyds Banking Group
Macquarie
Novartis
PNC
Popular
Prudential Financial
Rio Tinto
Royal Dutch Shell
RWE
Sabadell
Sanofi*
Schroders
SEB
SEI Investments
Sony
Standard Life
Swiss Life
Swiss RE
SunTrust
Tokio Marine
Toronto-Dominion Bank
Toyota
Volkswagen
Westpac
Zurich

Big Four may refer to:

 Big Four (banking)
 Big Four British railway companies
Laban movement analysis (LMA) describes human movement. It is based on the original work of Rudolf Laban, and many others helped to develop it. Its main and original purpose was to be a dance notation. Before film and video were developed, there was no way to record dance moves so that later dancers could use those moves. The transmission of dance from one generation to the next depended on older expert dancers teaching young dancers.

The problem was especially notable in modern dance, where the vocabulary of classical dance figures was expanded with almost no limits. Towards the end of his life, Laban extended his ideas into the movements workers made during physical work.
LMA draws from many fields including anatomy, kinesiology and psychology. It is used by dancers, actors, gymnasts and many other groups. However, it is fair to say that it is now largely replaced by video recordings. Also, it is not the only kind of dance notation, and not the only way human movement can be written down as a record for later generations. And, it was not the first such system. For example, in the 1680s Pierre Beauchamp had a dance notation system for baroque dance, and in 1887/8 Eadweard Muybridge started to use film to record human and animal movement. It is film and video which has transformed our understanding of motion, rather than dance notation. But in its field the Laban notation was notable.

Dance which has been reliably recorded on notation and perhaps backed up by video recording, can be and has been used to copyright choreography.

References 

Dance
Notation
Kirsty Sword Gusmão was the first lady of East Timor from 2000 to 2015. Gusmão wanted kids to be able to learn. Gusmão started the Alola Foundation.  The Alola Foundation helps girls, their families and helps poor people. She helped free East Timor from Indonesia. Gusmão was a spy for twenty years.

Early life 
Gusmão was born in Melbourne, Australia, in 1966. She went to Melbourne University and studied education.

East Timor 

Gusmão first traveled to the East Timor part of Indonesia in 1991. She was finding information for a movie on the area and was the interpreter for the movie maker. She became a teacher in Jakarta, Indonesia. She worked there from 1992-1996. She was worried about human rights in East Timor. While she fought for human rights she met the East Timor independence leader, Xanana Gusmão. He was in prison. She met him through going to his jail cell. She married him in 2000.
She moved back to Melbourne, Australia , for cancer treatment in 2012. In 2015, Sword Gusmão and Gusmão announced their separation.

References

1966 births
Living people
Human rights activists
East Timorese people
Australian educators
Wendy Wasserstein (October 18, 1950 – January 30, 2006) was an American playwright. She was an Andrew Dickson White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University. She received the Tony Award for Best Play and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1989 for her play The Heidi Chronicles.

Her plays, which explore topics ranging from feminism to family to ethnicity to pop culture, include The Sisters Rosensweig, Isn't It Romantic, An American Daughter, Old Money, and her last work which opened in 2005, Third.

Wasserstein was hospitalized with lymphoma in December 2005 and died on January 30, 2006, aged 55.

References 

1950 births
2006 deaths
American feminists
American playwrights
Jewish American writers
Jewish feminists
Pulitzer Prize winners
Writers from Brooklyn
Yale University alumni
Cornell University faculty
Gloria Molina (May 31, 1948 – May 14, 2023) was a politician and an activist for Latino rights.

Early Life 
Gloria Molina was born on May 31, 1948 in Los Angeles, California. Her mother and father moved to the United States from Mexico. She went to school in Pico Rivera, California as a child, and she also went to East Los Angeles College. When she was 19, she made most of the money for her family. She stopped school at California State University in Los Angeles.

Achievements 
Molina was a part of and started many groups that supported LatinX rights. She became a member of the California government in 1982. In 1987, she became the first woman Los Angeles government member. She heard the people of Los Angeles to make the city better. In 1991, Molina became a Supervisor for Los Angeles. While Supervisor, she fought to stop AIDS. She became the co-chair of Bill Clinton’s presidential campaign.

References 

1948 births
Living people
American activists
Politicians from Los Angeles
Anjali Gopalan (born September 1, 1957) is a gay rights activist in India. She specifically focuses on HIV/AIDS. She forced the Indian government to pay attention to people with HIV/AIDS. The Indian government had to give more money to help people with HIV/AIDS. The government also made a law that doctors have to give good medical care to people with this disease.

Gopalan was born in India. Her father was in the army, so they moved around a lot. She went to school in India and the United States. She went to Lady Shri Ram College. She studied politics, journalism, and international development.

Gopalan worked as a journalist in India. She moved to New York City. She became a social worker and saw how HIV/AIDS affected people. She returned to India to take care of her parents. She then began to inform her community about HIV/AIDS in India.

References 

"Anjali Gopalan." Newsmakers, vol. 1, Gale, 2013. Biography In Context, Accessed 3 May 2018.

1957 births
Living people
Indian activists
HIV/AIDS activists
Winona LaDuke (born August 18, 1959) is an environmentalist, economist and writer who supports Native American rights. In addition, LaDuke believes in not damaging nature. For this cause, she started the White Earth Land Recovery Project. She currently lives on the White Earth Reservation. LaDuke studied at Harvard and MIT. She was included in TIME magazine’s 1994, “50 for the Future.”  She was included because of her actions to protect Native Americans’ land from dangerous chemicals.

References 

1959 births
Living people
American activists
Native American people
Elaine H. Kim  (February 26, 1972) teaches Asian American Studies and she fights for Asian American rights.  She co-founded the non-profit organization Asian Women United (AWU).

Kim first suffered disrespect because of her race in the second grade. She has made videos and has written in newspapers. She attended University of Pennsylvania and Columbia University. Kim went back to Seoul, South Korea to teach, but came back to University of California, Berkeley.

She teaches Asian American studies, and she fought for Asian American people around the San Francisco Bay Area and in Berkeley.

Awards
 Asian Pacific American Heritage Lifetime Achievement Award (City and County of San Francisco), 2012
 Lifetime Achievement Award, Association for Asian American Studies, 2011
 Association for Asian American Studies Book Award in Cultural Studies, 2005
 Hall of Outstanding Women at California, 1995
 Fulbright Fellowship, 1987-1988

References
References 

1942 births
Living people
University of California, Berkeley faculty
American activists
South Korean academics
Ruth Sienkiewicz-Mercer (September 23, 1950 – August 8, 1998) was a civil rights activist and writer. She fought for the rights of people with disabilities. She also wrote the book, I Raise My Eyes to Say Yes, with the help of Steven B. Kaplan.

Early Life 
When she was five weeks old, Sienkiewicz-Mercer acquired viral encephalitis. This is a disease that causes the brain to swell up. She became well again. Later, others noticed that she was not able to speak or move. Sienkiewicz-Mercer was diagnosed with cerebral palsy, a disease that causes paralysis.
Education 
The first school Sienkiewicz-Mercer attended was in Massachusetts. This school was meant for people with disabilities. There, a doctor diagnosed her as mentally disabled. Her parents then decided to send her to another school. This school was more expensive. Sienkiewicz-Mercer had to leave the school because there was not enough money to continue her education. She then had to attend another school for the mentally disabled. At this school, Sienkiewicz-Mercer was treated terribly for sixteen years.

Quotes 
"After fourteen years of living in an institution, I knew I had to write a book about my experiences to let everyone know I was aware of all that was going on. I don't want people to have to live in that kind of environment. They are left to rot, basically, and not treated like the human beings they are. My work consists of advocating for the rights of people with disabilities, promoting community services, and closing down institutions. I want to write more."

References
References 

1950 births
1988 deaths
Disability activists
American civil rights activists
American people with disabilities
Maureen Orcutt (April 1, 1907 – January 9, 2007) was an American golfer and New York Times reporter. Orcutt won many golf championships. She stopped playing golf at age 87 because she had knee problems.

In 1934, she won the 1934 Democratic Party nomination for the New Jersey General Assembly. In 1991, she was put into the New York State Hall of Fame for winning golf tournaments over 70 years.

In 2007, Orcutt died at the age of 99 from heart failure.

Important tournaments won
 Women's Eastern Amateur - 1925, 1928, 1929, 1934, 1938, 1947, 1949
 North and South Women's Amateur - 1931, 1932, 1933
 Canadian Women's Amateur - 1930, 1931
 Metropolitan Women's Amateur - 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1934, 1938, 1940, 1946, 1959, 1968
 U.S. Senior Women's Amateur - 1962, 1966
 North and South Women's Senior Amateur - 1960, 1961, 1962

References 

1907 births
2007 deaths
American golfers
American journalists
Patrisse Cullors supports African Americans and their rights. She co-founded Black Lives Matter. She was born in 1984 and grew up in Los Angeles. She also supports LGBTQ rights.

Early life 
Cullors lived during a time when prison populations were rising. Her father and brother were in and out of prison most of her life. Her mom worked long hours and spent limited time with her. When she was 16, she identified as queer and had her first girlfriend. Her family did not agree, but her friends supported her. She decided to get involved in other groups that would support her and help others like her.

Cullors went to UCLA, where she studied philosophy and religion. She kept trying to get equal rights during this time.

Achievements 
Cullors co-founded the Black Lives Matter movement. She created a hashtag, #BlackLivesMatter. It spread quickly on social media sites. She helped African-Americans that needed help with lawsuits against them. She supported the LGBTQ community. She wanted everyone to have equal rights.
Publications 
Cullors wrote the book called STAINED: An Intimate Portrayal of State Violence. It talks about violence in prison.

References 

1984 births
Living people
African-American people
American civil rights activists
American LGBT rights activists
Black Lives Matter
The snowshoe hare is Lepus americanus, found in North America. It is a kind of hare adapted to cold climates. It is white in colour in the winter.

A major predator of the snowshoe hare is the Canada lynx. There are historical records of animals caught by fur hunters over hundreds of years. The records show show the lynx and hare numbers rising and falling in a cycle. This has made the hare a case study of the relationship between numbers of predators and their prey.

References 

Mammals of North America
The Russalka was a battleship of the navy of the Russian Empire. It was assigned to coastal defense in the Baltic Sea.

History
The Russian vessel Russalka was built in St. Petersburg in 1867. It was 62 meters long and armed with six cannons. The crew consisted of 178 sailors. On September 7, 1893, the ship entered a fateful course to Helsinki and sank in the Gulf of Finland due to bad weather. On September 10, the maritime ministry announced Russalka's disappearance with all hands lost.

Search and recovery
The Imperial Russian Ministry of the Interior ordered a search, which involved 15 vessels and lasted until October 16, 1893. The search was then called off without success. On June 22, 2003, a ship was found at a depth of 30 meters from the bottom of the sea.

19th century in Russia
Warships