Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Whorl is a type of spiral pattern.

Other meanings of whorl include:
 Whorl (mollusc), a single, complete 360° turn in the spiral growth of a mollusc shell
 Body whorl, in a mollusc shell the most recently formed whorl of a spiral shell, terminating in the aperture
 A whorl of sepals or petals or leaves on plants, in which all the parts are attached at the same point and surround or wrap around the stem.
 In biology a whorl might occur at the ends of different structures or occur in the middle of structures. It's often used to describe the structures of organs and used in the aid of identification. It's a cluster of cells or tissue that surround another, that starts at the same plain of axis or starts at one point and wraps around that point in an expanding circular pattern.
 A type of fingerprint pattern
 A whorl (spindle) is a weight attached to a spindle
It takes energy to get a wheel (any wheel) to rotate. If there is little friction (good bearings) then it will keep rotating a long time. When energy is needed, it can be taken from the wheel again. So it is a simple mechanical means of storing energy. The amount of energy stored is a function of the weight and the speed of rotation - making a heavier wheel rotate faster takes more energy. Another factor is the radius (size) because the farther from the axis a part of the wheel is, the more energy it takes to make is rotate. These three factors can be represented by M (mass),  (angular velocity), and R (radius). Combining the two equations below gives 2MR2/4. A fly-wheel is not just any wheel, but specifically designed to store energy. So it should be heavy and/or rotate fast. For example, some buses have a fly-wheel that is used for stopping and starting. When the bus stops (e.g
.g. for a traffic light), the fly-wheel is connected to the wheels, so the rotational energy is transferred to it, so the bus will slow down while the fly-wheel speeds up. Then, when the bus has to start driving again, it is connected again and the energy is transferred back. Of course, you wouldn't want to lug a heavy wheel around on a bus, so it is made of a lighter material that can withstand extremely fast rotation.
Mathematics of flywheels 
The kinetic energy of a rotating flywheel is

Where the moment of inertia of center mass is equal to

where  is the moment of inertia of the mass about the center of rotation and  (omega) is the angular velocity in radian units.

History 
The flywheel has been used since ancient times, the most common traditional example being the potter's wheel. In the Industrial Revolution, James Watt contributed to the development of the flywheel in the steam engine, and his contemporary James Pickard used a flywheel.

Other meanings 
In the world of venture capital, the term "flywheel" is used to represent the recurrent, margin-generating heart of a business.

Energy
Engineering
The potter's wheel, also known as the potter's lathe, is a machine used in the shaping of round ceramic wares. 

However, the name potter's lathe is also used for the machine used for another shaping process, turning, which is similar to that used for the shaping of metal and wood articles. The wheel may also be used during the process of trimming excess body from dried wares and for applying incised decoration or rings of colour.

History 
Many early ceramics were hand-built using a simple coiling technique in which clay body was rolled into long threads that were then pinched and beaten together to form the body of a vessel. In the coiling method of construction, all of the energy required to form the main part of a piece is supplied directly by the hands of the potter. This changed with the introduction of the fast-wheel, early forms of which used energy stored in the rotating mass of the heavy stone wheel itself.
The potter's wheel in myth and legend 
In Ancient Egyptian mythology, the god Chnum was said to have formed the first humans on a potter's wheel.

The potter's wheel in literature 
The way in which clay is shaped on a potter's wheel seems, even today, to have a magical quality to it; the clay body has the appearance of being a living thing that is being created or shaped by the potter. The potter and clay have long served as a metaphor for creation, and for the relationship of God to humankind:

But now, O LORD, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; and we all are the work of thy hand.
–Isaiah 64:8

The "Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam" make sustained use of this metaphor. In FitzGerald's translation, a number of quatrains are collected into a Book of Pots, in which the pots engage in theological speculation:
And, strange to tell, among that Earthen Lot
      Some could articulate, while others not:
  And suddenly one more impatient cried–
      “Who is the Potter, pray, and who the Pot?”
 
  Another said–“Why, ne'er a peevish Boy,
       “Would break the Bowl from which he drank in Joy;
  “Shall He that made the vessel in pure Love
      “And Fancy, in an after Rage destroy?”
    
  None answer'd this; but after Silence spake
      A Vessel of a more ungainly Make:
  “They sneer at me for leaning all awry;
      “What! did the Hand then of the Potter shake?”

Related pages
Pottery

Other websites 
 The Origins of the Potter's Wheel  multi-page article on Ceramics Today site
 Video of a potter on a potter's wheel shaping clay to form a bottle 

Pottery
Metaphors
Nikolai Grigoryevich Rubinstein (born Moscow, 2 June 1835; died Paris, 23 March 1881) was a Russian pianist and composer. He was the younger brother of Anton Rubinstein and a close friend of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

The Rubinstein family were middle-class Jewish people. Like his brother Anton, Nikolai soon showed great talent as a pianist. The family spent some time in Europe including three years in Berlin where they made friends with Mendelssohn and Meyerbeer.

Anton founded (started) the famous Conservatoire in St Petersburg where students could study music. Nikolai co-founded the Conservatoire in Moscow with Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Troubetzkoy. Both brothers were directors of the Conservatoires they had founded.

During his lifetime Nikolai Rubinstein was thought of as one of the greatest pianists of his time. As pianists the two brothers were very different. Anton was very fiery like Franz Liszt. Nikolai was quieter and more thoughtful, preferring lyrical Romantic music.
Anton liked to compose in the same way as composers from Western Europe. He was critical of Russian composers like Mily Balakirev and others from the group called The Mighty Handful who tried to make their music very Russian. Nikolai was much more broad-minded. He supported Balakirev and his group. He was a great friend of Tchaikovsky and encouraged him much more than his brother Anton had done. Nevertheless, he still criticised Tchaikovsky’s First Piano Concerto. He said he would not play it until Tchaikovsky had changed it. Tchaikovsky refused to change it. Years later Nikolai decided he liked it after all.

Although Nikolai wanted to be a successful composer he was aware that he was not a great one. When asked why he did not compose more he once replied that his brother “composed enough music for three”.
Nikolai died in Paris while on his way to Nice where he had wanted to improve his health. He always liked his food and on his deathbed he ate twelve oysters. Tchaikovsky wrote his Piano Trio in A minor in Rubinstein's memory.

Among his most popular works are his Tarantella in G minor and the Fantasia on a Theme by Schumann, both for piano solo.

Russian composers
Romantic composers
Russian pianists
1835 births
1881 deaths
The Okinawan language (沖縄口, Uchināguchi) is a Ryukyuan language that is spoken in the Okinawa Islands of Japan.

Most linguists say that it branched off from Proto-Japonic, which is the ancestor of Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages. The Japanese government says Okinawan is a dialect of Japanese because of politics.

History 
When a group of people called the Yayoi came into the Ryukyu Islands, they brought over a language called Proto-Japonic. This language over time turned into the modern Ryukyuan languages. Proto-Japonic was also spoken in mainland Japan, which turned into Japanese, meaning Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages are related/have the same origin.

Okinawan and other Ryukyuan languages were discriminated by Japan during the Meiji period, making the number of speakers go down. Before that, Okinawan was the official language of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
Classification 
Okinawan belongs to the Ryukyuan languages. It is in the northern group with both Kunigami and Amami. Sometimes, Kunigami is listed as a dialect of Okinawan but that view is rare.

Speakers 
Most older Okinawans speak Okinawan while younger Okinawans speak Japanese. This is why UNESCO lists Okinawan and the other Ryukyuan languages as “endangered”, meaning it’s possible for the language to die out in the future.

Sound Changes (Japanese vs. Okinawan) 
There are many sound changes between Japanese (Standard) and Okinawan (Shuri-Naha variety):

Japanese “o” - Okinawan “u” (Okinawa = Uchinaa)

Japanese “k” - Okinawan “ch” (Okinawa = Uchinaa)

Japanese “mi” - Okinawan “nn” (minato = nnatu)

Similar sound changes are in other Ryukyuan languages. Kunigami also uses “u” instead of Japanese “o”.

Sample words
Sample words

Mensooree () - Welcome, Hello (when receiving)
Hai (はい) - Hello (gender neutral)
Haisai () - Hello (male only)
Haitai () - Hello (female only)
Ganjyuu () - Fine health (in greeting)
Uchinaaguchi () - Okinawan language
Uchinaanchu (沖縄人/うちなーんちゅ) - Okinawan person
Yamatunchu () - Japanese person
Yuntaku ()  - Talking
Waa () - Informal me or I
Wan () - Formal me or I
Iyaa () - Informal You
Unjyoo () - Formal you
Un, uu () - Yes
Aibiran () - No
Furaa () - Foolish
Yinagu () - Woman
Yikiga () - Man
Warabaa, Warabi () - Children
Uya () - Parents
Kwa () - A child ( as opposed to Parents)
Niisee () - A young man
Boujya () - A baby
In () - A dog    
In-gwa () - Puppy
Mayaa () - A cat
Mayaa-gwa () - Kitty
Hiijyaa (ひーじゃー) - A goat
Uchinaa (うちなー) - Okinawa
Yamatu (やまとっ) - Japan
Too (とー) - China
Chooshin (ちょーしん) - Korea
Uranda (うらんだ) - Europe
Dake (岳) - Mountain

References

Japonic languages
Languages of Asia
Ryukyu Islands

Ryukyuan languages
Imbolc is a festival belonging to Brigid, the Celtic goddess who, in later times, became famous as a Christian saint. At first, her festival on February 1 was known as "Imbolc" or "Oimelc", two Gaelic names which refer to the lactation of the ewes. Lactation is the flow of milk that happens when the baby lambs are born in the spring, and Gaelic languages are those spoken in countries like Ireland and Scotland.

Imbolc was, and still is, a time to celebrate that winter would soon be over. Sometimes in Ireland, the first flowers are coming up at the time of this festival, even when there is still snow on the ground.

Later, the Roman Catholic Church replaced this festival with Candlemas Day on February 2, a day that now belongs to the Virgin Mary. On this day, people may have ceremonies or processions  by candlelight - walking together in the dark, with the only light coming from candles they carry. The may also sing songs to Brigid, or say poems or prayers to her.
In both Pagan and Christian celebrations, Brigid is celebrated as a powerful female figure, who brings light, inspiration, and healing to the world.

Scotland
Festivals in the United Kingdom
Festivals in Ireland
Religious festivals
A baseball is a ball used in the sport of the same name, baseball. It is between 9 inches (22.9 cm) and 9¼ inches (23.5 cm) in circumference (around). The ball weighs 8 ounces. Different size balls may be used in children's leagues. 

The balls can be made in many different, but similar ways. The center of most balls is cork, rubber, or a mixture of the two. It is sometimes layered. Yarn and twine and sometimes wool are wrapped around the center core. A leather cover is put on, in two pieces, and stitched together using 108 stitches of waxed red cotton thread. Official Major League balls sold by Rawlings are made to the exact MLB specifications (5 ounces, 108 stitches).

Baseball equipment
Pitcher can mean several things. 

Pitcher, a position in the game of baseball
Pitcher (container), a container used to hold liquids
Pitcher plant, a plant with a section shaped like a pitcher (container)
The Battle of Worcester was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians defeated the Royalist, mainly Scottish, forces of King Charles II on September 3, 1651 at Worcester, England. The 16,000 Royalist forces were defeated by the 28,000 strong "New Model Army" of Cromwell.

Other websites 
Battleground pictures
 Worcestershire CC: Historic Environment and Archaeology Service: The Battle of Worcester 
http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1651-worcester.htm 
http://www.clangarra.com/battle%20-%20worcester.htm 

Worcester
Worcester
1651
17th century in England
September events
1650s in Europe
Worcester
James Marsters (born August 20, 1962) is an American guitarist, singer, comic book writer, audiobook narrator, and actor. He is known for playing the part of Spike on Buffy the Vampire Slayer.

Other websites 

 
 James Marsters Official Site 

1962 births
Living people
American rock guitarists
American rock singers
American television actors
Whedonverse
Actors from California
Musicians from California
American blues musicians
Country musicians
Singers from California
Emma Caulfield (born Emma Chukker in San Diego, California on April 8, 1973) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as ex-demon Anya on the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer.

Selected filmography
In her mother's footsteps (2006) (Television movie)
Bandwagon  (2004)
I Want To Marry Ryan Banks  (2004)
Darkness Falls (2003)
Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series) (1999–2003)
General Hospital (TV series) (1996–1997)

Other websites 

1973 births
Living people
American television actors
Whedonverse
Actors from San Diego, California
Michelle Christine Trachtenberg (born October 11, 1985) is an American television and movie actress. She is best known for her role as Dawn Summers from the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Trachtenberg was born in New York City, New York. She is of Russian Jewish descent on her mother's side of the family.

Career 
Trachtenberg has been acting since 1988 at the age of three. She has acted in several television shows and many movies.

Movies

Television

Other websites 

 

1985 births
Living people
Trachtenberg, Michelle
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Trachtenberg, Michelle
Summer Glau (born July 24, 1981 in San Antonio, Texas) is an American dancer and actress. She is best known for playing as River Tam in the science fiction television series Firefly and movie Serenity.

Career 
Glau has appeared in several other series and movies including:
Television
 Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles
 Angel
 The 4400
 The Unit
 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
 The Cape
Movies
 Sleepover
 Mammoth

In February 2007, it was announced that Glau would be playing a role of Cameron Phillips in The Sarah Connor Chronicles, a spin-off of the Terminator series of movies. This character is a Terminator infiltration unit sent back to protect John Connor and Sarah Connor from Skynet.

Personal life 
Summer Glau has been in a relationship with Cooper Gross. She is currently married to Val Morrison and has two children.

Related pages 
 Firefly
 Serenity

References

Other websites 

 Fansite - Summer Glau Wiki
1981 births
Living people
American movie actors
American dancers
Whedonverse
American television actors
Actors from San Antonio, Texas
In anthropology, bands are the tiniest societies, consisting typically of 5-80 people, most or all of them close relatives by birth or by marriage. In effect, a band is an extended family or several related extended families. Today, autonomous bands are almost confined to the most remote parts of New Guinea and Amazonia, but there were many others that have only recently fallen under state control or been assimilated or exterminated. They include many or most African Pygmies, southern African San hunter-gatherers (so-called Bushmen), Aboriginal Australians, Eskimos (Inuit), and Native Americans of some resource-poor areas of the Americas such as Tierra del Fuego and the northern boreal forests; all these modern bands are or were nomadic hunter-gatherers rather than settled food producers.  Until at least 40,000 years ago, probably all humans lived in bands, and most still did as recently as 11,000 years ago.
Our closest biological relatives, the gorillas and chimpanzees and bonobos of Africa, also live in bands. All humans presumably did so too, until improved technology for extracting food allowed some hunter-gatherers to settle in permanent dwellings in some resource-rich areas. The band is the political, economic, and social organization that we inherited from our millions of years of evolutionary history. Our developments beyond it took place within the last few tens of thousands of years.

relationships
Infertile means not able to have children or other offspring. Humans can be infertile, but animals and plants can too. When a human couple is infertile, they sometimes have fertility treatment to have children. This can be insemination or IVF. They also sometimes adopt a child.

Related pages
Fertility
Sexual reproduction
Pregnancy

Other websites 
 SexInfo's Assisted Reproductive Technology  This article discusses Artificial Insemination, In Vitro Fertilization, and other options for couples who are having trouble conceiving.

Biological reproduction
Betrayal can mean:

 Betrayal, a form of deception
 Betrayal, a Star Wars novel
 Betrayal, a Dragonlance novel by Jean Rabe.
 Betrayal (play), a play written by Harold Pinter in 1978
 Western betrayal, a popular term in several Central European nations 
 The Great Betrayal, an autobiography written by Ian Smith
 Betrayal of the Left, a book of essays published in early 1941 by the Left Book Club
 Betrayal at Krondor, a DOS computer role-playing game developed by Dynamix
 "The Betrayal", an episode of the television series Seinfeld
 "Betrayal (movie)", a movie from 2003 with Erika Eleniak, Adam Baldwin and Julie Du Page.
 Betrayal
Betrayal is when a person breaks the trust and faith of others that trust them. 

In an article made by Rodger L. Jackson, it says that "there is not much definition for this word". In psychology, they say betrayal is the breaking of a social (friendship) related things. But for some people, for example, philosophers called Judith Shklar and Peter Johnson, a person can understand the word better by literature (writings).

Betrayal trauma
Betrayal trauma happens when someone that a person trusts betrays their trust, and it messes up their memory because of anger. An example of betrayal trauma is childhood physical or childhood problems. Betrayal trauma is similar to post traumatic stress disorder. The difference is that post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is made by fear. Betrayal trauma makes a person fight, and also get into serious crimes for example, discrimination or bullying.
ethics
Destruction may refer to:

 The act of destroying something.
Slighting, the act of damaging an important building
 Destruction (band), a German thrash metal band
 Destruction (DC Comics), one of the Endless in Neil Gaiman's comic book series The Sandman
 Destruction Bay, Yukon, Canada
 a magic art in the computer role-playing game series The Elder Scrolls
 Appetite for Destruction, the breakthrough debut album of rock n' roll band Guns N' Roses

Basic English 850 words
A crane is a lifting machine that has hoists, wire ropes and sheaves on it.  It can be used both to raise and lower things or to move them left and right. Cranes are often used in the construction industry (building houses or buildings) and in creating or moving heavy things.

Other websites 
Knots, hitches and bends 
VRML Simulation of an Excavator, Tower Crane, and Dumptruck 

Machines
Data mining is a term from computer science. Sometimes it is also called knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). Data mining is about finding new information in a lot of data. The information obtained from data mining is hopefully both new and useful. 

In many cases, data are stored so they can be used later. The data are saved with a goal. For example, a store wants to save what has been bought. They want to do this to know how much they should buy themselves, to have enough to sell later. Saving this information, makes a lot of data. The data are usually saved in a database. The reason data are saved is called the first use.
Later, the same data can also be used to get other information that was not needed for the first use. The store might want to know now what kind of things people buy together when they buy at the store. (Many people who buy pasta also buy mushrooms for example.) That kind of information is in the data, and is useful, but was not the reason the data were saved. This information is new and can be useful. It is a second use for the same data. 

Finding new information that can also be useful from data is called data mining.

Different kinds of data mining 
For data, there are a lot of different kinds of data mining for getting new information. Usually, prediction is involved. There is uncertainty in the predicted results. The following is based on the observation that there is a small green apple in which we can structurally adjust our data.
Some kinds of data mining are: 
 Pattern recognition: Trying to find similarities in the rows in the database, in the form of rules. Small → green. (Small apples are often green)
 Using a Bayesian network: Trying to make something that can say how the different data attributes are connected/influence each other. The size and the colour are related. So if you know something about the size, you can guess the colour.
 Using a Neural network: Trying to make a model like a brain, which is hard to understand, but a computer can tell that if the apple is green it has a higher chance to be sour, if we tell the computer the apple is green. So this is like a black box model, we do not know how it works, but it works.
 Using Classification tree: With all other knowledge, trying to say what one other thing about the thing we are looking at will be. Here is an apple with a size, a colour and shininess, what will it taste like?

References 

Computer science
Japanese schools of sword making can be divided into two categories: by the provinces where they were developed and by the masters who created a specific tradition of sword making.

History 
The late Kamakura period is often referred to as the greatest period of sword making in Japanese history. The Soshu tradition was one of the dominant traditions. Smiths like Kunitsuna and Sukezane combined their knowledge with methods from Yamashiro and Bizen traditions. Finally, a group of famous sword smiths culminated with Masamune (1264-1343 AD) and his school.
Types of Sword 
The rare swords were made out of five separate pieces and heat-treated at high temperatures. The swords of the Masamune School were harder than any of the swords made before. Masamune trained a group of at least ten followers. Two of his students (Kanemitsu and Nagayoshi) were from the Bizen province. In this way, during the early 14th century, the Masamune school attracted many smiths from other schools. Kanemitsu is believed to be the one who created the Soden School, which combined Bizen and Soshu techniques. 

At the same time Chogi was developing his school. The Chogi works show a stronger influence of the Soshu tradition than Kanemitsu swords.

Divisions
Divisions

The division by regions 
Yamato-Den – Derived from five big schools attached to different temples.
Bizen-Den – Considered the starting point for the manufacturing of the traditional Japanese sword.
Yamashiro-Den - Started in late Heian period. Thin and slender blades.
Soshu-Den - Started in late Kamakura period under the effect of Kamakura Shogunate. 
Mino-Den – The youngest of the five traditions.

The divisions by people 
There are several famous schools created by sword masters:

Nagayoshi made better products by using the best ideas from both the Bizen and Soshu schools. He was successful because of the softer Bizen steel which is made at higher temperatures than that of the Soshu school used to be.
Kaneuji I - it is believed that he created the Mino school in the Shizuyama region.  In his creation of swords he used the Shoshu style and added his own methods. Later his tradition was known as the Shizu school.
   
Kanemichi I - he founded the Mishina school in Mino province. His swords were appreciated for their quality and sharpness. He was so famous that he received the honorable title of Mitsu-(no)-Kami.

Emperor Gotoba (1184 to 1198 A.D), the 82nd Emperor of Japan was one of the best known sword makers.

Miyairi Akihira School is a continuation of Soshu tradition. In 1953 he obtained a sword-making license. Then, in 1973, he changed his name to Yukihira and his school was named after him. His school was based on Soshu-den and Shizu Kaneuji traditions.

Related pages
Katana
Samurai

Other websites 
Japanese legendary sword 

Sword schools
An ornamental plant is decorative: it is grown for how it looks, and not for other values. The term is often shortened to ornamental, used as a noun

Ornamental plants are plants that are grown for decoration. They are on display in gardens, landscapes and inside houses. They can be used indoors as cut flowers or potted plants. The cultivation of ornamental plants comes under floriculture and tree nurseries, which is a major branch of horticulture.

Ornamental plants are usually grown in the flower garden, or as house plants. They are usually grown for the display of their flowers. Other common ornamental features include leaves, scent, fruit, stem and bark. In all cases, their purpose is for the enjoyment of gardeners and visitors. Ornamental plants may be used for landscaping, and for cut flowers. The cultivation, called floriculture, is a major branch of horticulture.
Ornamental plants come in a range of shapes, sizes and colours suitable to a broad array of climates, landscapes, and gardening needs. They are also often chosen for specialised looks or feels in landscape gardening.

Darwin was deeply interested in plants all his life. Several of his books are on plant physiology, and orchids were a passion for him.

Outstanding gardens can be an attraction for visitors. The white garden at Sissinghurst Castle was created by poet and writer Vita Sackville-West (18921962), and is still bringing in the paying visitors.

Related pages 
Cultivar
Domestication
List of garden plants

References 

Flowers
Gardens
This is a partial list of garden plants, plants that can be cultivated in the garden, listed alphabetically by genus.

See also:

 List of plants by common name


 A
Abelia
 Abeliophyllum (white forsythia)
 Abelmoschus (okra)
 Abies (fir)
 Abromeitiella (obsolete)
 Abronia (sand verbena)
 Abutilon
 Acacia (wattle)
 Acaena
 Acalypha
 Acantholimon
 Acanthophoenix
 Acanthus
 Acca
 Acer (maple)
 Achillea (yarrow)
 Achimenantha (hybrid genus)
 Achimenes
 Acinos (calamint)
 Aciphylla
 Acmena
 Acoelorraphe (saw palm)
 Acokanthera
 Aconitum (aconite, monkshood)
 Acorus
 Acrocomia
 Actaea (baneberry)
 Actinidia (kiwifruit)
 Ada
 Adansonia
 Adenia
 Adenium
 Adenocarpus
 Adenophora
 Adenostoma
 Adiantum (maidenhair fern)
 Adlumia
 Adonis
 Adromischus
 Aechmea
 Aegopodium
 Aeonium
 Aerangis (an orchid genus)
 Aerides (an orchid genus)
 Aeschynanthus
 Aesculus (buckeye, horse-chestnut)
 Aethionema
 Agapanthus
 Agapetes
 Agastache
 Agathis
 Agave
 Ageratum
 Aglaonema
 Agonis
 Agrostemma (corn cockle)
 Agrostis
 Aichryson
 Ailanthus
 Aiphanes
 Aira (hair grass)
 Ajania
 Ajuga (bugleweed)
 Akebia
 Alangium
 Albizia (silk tree)
 Albuca
 Alcea (hollyhock)
 Alchemilla
 Aleurites
Aleurites
 Aliceara (hybrid genus)
 Alisma (water plantain)
 Alkanna
 Allamanda
 Allium (onion)
 Alluaudia
Alnus (alder)
 Alocasia
 Aloe
 Aloinopsis
 Alopecurus (foxtail grass)
 Aloysia(lemon verbena)
 Alpinia (ginger lily)
 Alsobia
 Alstroemeria
 Alternanthera
 Althaea
 Alyogyne
 Alyssum
 Amaranthus
 Amarcrinum (hybrid genus)
 Amarygia (hybrid genus)
 Amaryllis
 Amberboa
 Amelanchier
 Amesiella
 Amherstia
 Amicia
 Ammi
 Ammobium
 Amorpha
 Amorphophallus
 Ampelopsis
 Amsonia
 Anacampseros
 Anacyclus
 Anagallis (pimpernel)
 Ananas (pineapple)
 Anaphalis
 Anchusa
 Andromeda
 Andropogon
 Androsace
 Anemone (windflower)
 Anemonella
 Anemonopsis
 Anemopaegma
 Anethum (dill)
 Angelica
 Angelonia
 Angophora
 Angraecum (an orchid genus)
 Anguloa (an orchid genus)
 Angulocaste (hybrid genus)
 Anigozanthos
 Anicacanthus
 Anisodontea
 Anoda
 Anomatheca
 Anopterus
 Anredera
 Antennaria
 Anthemis
 Anthericum
 Anthriscus
 Anthurium
 Anthyllis
 Antigonon
 Antirrhinum (snapdragon)
 Aphelandra
 Aphyllanthes
 Aponogeton
 Aporocactus
 Aporoheliocereus (hybrid genus)
 Aptenia
 Aquilegia (columbine)
 Arabis (rock cress)
Arachnis (scorpion orchid)
 Araeococcus
 Aralia
 Araucaria (monkey-puzzle) 
 Araujia
 Arbutus (madrone)
 Archontophoenix (king palm)
 Arctostaphylos (bearberry, manzanita)
 Arctotheca
 Arctotis (African daisy)
 Ardisia
 Areca
 Arenaria (sandwort)
 Arenga
 Argemone (prickly poppy)
 Argyranthemum
 Argyreia
 Argyroderma
 Ariocarpus
 Arisaema
 Arisarum
 Aristea
 Aristolochia
 Armoracia
 Arnebia
 Arnica
 Aronia (chokeberry)
 Arrabidaea
 Arrhenatherum (oat grass)
 Artemisia (mugwort, sagebrush, wormwood)
 Arthropodium
 Arum
 Aruncus
 Arundinaria
 Arundo
 Asarina
 Asarum (wild ginger)
 Asclepias (milkweed, silkweed)
 Ascocenda (hybrid genus) (an orchid genus)
 Asimina
 Asparagus
 Asperula (woodruff)
 Asphodeline
 Asphodelus (asphodel)
 Aspidistra
 Asplenium
 Astelia
 Aster
 Asteranthera
 Astilbe
 Astilboides
 Astragalus (milk vetch)
 Astrantia
 Astrophytum
 Atherosperma
 Athrotaxis
 Athyrium
 Atriplex
 Aubrieta
 Aucuba
 Aurinia
 Austrocedrus
 Azalea
 Azara
 Azolla
 Azorella
 Azorina
 Aztekium
Babiana
 Baccharis
 Backhousia
 Backopa (water hyssop)
 Baeckea
 Ballota
 Balsamorhiza (balsam root)
 Bambusa (bamboo)
 Banksia
 Baptisia
 Barbarea (Yellow rocket or winter cress)
 Barkeria (an orchid genus)
 Barleria
 Bassia
 Bauera
 Bauhinia
 Beaucarnea
 Beaufortia
 Beaumontia
 Begonia
 Belancanda
 Bellevalia
 Bellis (daisy)
 Bellium
 Berberidopsis
 Berberis (barberry)
 Berchemia
 Bergenia
 Bergerocactus
 Berkheya
 Berlandiera
 Bertolonia
 Beschorneria
 Bessera
 Beta (beet)
 Betula (birch)
 Biarum
 Bidens
 Bignonia
 Billardiera
 Billbergia
 Bixa
 Blandfordia
 Blechnum (hard fern)
 Bletilla (an orchid genus)
 Bloomeria
 Blossfeldia
 Boenninghausenia
 Bolax
 Bolbitis
 Bollea
 Boltonia
 Bolusanthus
 Bomarea
 Bombax
 Bongardia
 Borago
 Borassus
 Boronia
 Bothriochloa
 Bougainvillea
 Bouteloua
 Bouvardia
 Bowenia
 Bowiea
 Brachychiton
 Brachyglottis
 Brachyscome
 Brachysema
 Brachystelma
 Bracteantha
 Brahea (Hesper palm)
 Brassavola (an orchid genus)
 Brassia (an orchid genus)
 Brassica (mustard, cabbage)
Brassocattleya (hybrid orchids)
 Brassolaeliocattleya (trigeneric hybrid orchids)
 Breynia
 Briggsia
 Brimeura
 Briza (quaking grass)
 Brodiaea
 Bromelia
 Broughtonia
 Broussonetia
 Browallia
 Brownea
 Browningia
 Bruckenthalia
 Brugmansia
 Brunfelsia
 Brunnera
 Brunsvigia
 Buddleja
 Buglossoides
 Bulbine
 Bulbinella
 Bulbocodium
 Bulbophyllum (an orchid genus)
 Buphthalmum
 Bupleurum
 Burchardia
 Burchellia
 Bursera
 Butea
 Butia
 Butomus
 Buxus (boxwood)
Cabomba
 Caesalpinia
 Caladium
 Calamagrostis (reed grass, smallweed)
 Calamintha (calamint)
 Calamus
 Calandrinia
 Calanthe
 Calathea
 Calceolaria (slipperwort)
 Calendula (marigold)
 Calibanus
 Calibrachoa
 Calla
 Calliandra
 Callianthemum
 Callicarpa (beautyberry)
 Callirhoe (poppy mallow)
 Callisia
 Callistemon (bottlebrush)
 Callistephus (Chinese aster)
 Callitriche (water starwort)
 Calltris
 Calluna (heather)
 Calocedrus (incense-cedar)
 Calochone
 Calochortus
 Calomeria
 Caloscordum
 Calothamnus
 Calpurnia
 Caltha (kingcup, marsh marigold)
 Calycanthus
 Calymmanthium
 Calypso (an orchid genus)
 Calytrix (starflower)
 Camassia (quamash)
 Camellia
 Campanula (bellflower)
 Campsis (trumpet vine)
 Campylotropsis
 Canarina
 Canistrum
 Canna
 Cantua
 Capsicum (pepper)
 Caragana (peashrub)
 Caralluma
 Cardamine (bittercress)
 Cardiocrinum
 Cardiospermum
 Carex (sedge)
 Carissa
 Carlina
 Carludovica
 Carmichaelia
 Carnegiea (saguaro)
 Carpentaria
 Carpenteria
 Carpinus (hornbeam)
 Carpobrotus
Carpobrotus
 Carthamus (safflower)
 Carum (caraway)
 Carya (hickory, pecan)
 Caryopteris
 Caryota (fishtail palm)
 Cassia
 Cassinia
 Cassiope
 Castanea (chestnut)
 Castanopsis
 Castanospermum
 Casuarina
 Catalpa
 Catananche
 Catasetum (an orchid genus)
 Catharanthus (Madagascar Periwinkle)
 Catopsis
 Cattleya (an orchid genus)
 Caulophyllum
 Cautleya
 Cavendishia
 Ceanothus (California-lilac)
 Cedronella
 Cedrus (cedar)
 Ceiba (Kapok)
 Celastrus (staff-vine)
 Celmisia (New Zealand daisy)
 Celosia (cockscomb)
 Celtis (hackberry)
 Centaurea
 Centaurium
 Centradenia
 Centranthus (valerian)
 Cephalaria
 Cephalocereus
 Cephalophyllum
 Cephalotaxus (plum-yew)
 Ceraria
 Cerastium
 Ceratopetalum
 Ceratophyllum
 Ceratopteris
 Ceratostigma
 Ceratozamia
 Cercidiphyllum
 Cercis
 Cercocarpus
 Cereus
 Ceropegia
 Cestrum
 Chaenomeles (flowering quince)
 Chaenorhinum (dwarf snapdragon)
 Chaerophyllum
 Chamaecyparis (cypress)
 Chamaecytisus
 Chamaedaphne
 Chamaedorea
 Chamaelirium
 Chamaemelum (chamomile)
 Chamaerops
Chamaerops
 Chamelaucium
 Chasmanthe
 Chasmanthium
 Cheilanthes
 Cheiridopsis
 Chelidonium
 Chelone (turtlehead)
 Chiastophyllum
 Chiliotrichum
 Chilopsis (desert willow)
 Chimaphila
 Chimonanthus (wintersweet)
 Chimonobambusa
 Chionanthus (fringe tree)
 Chionochloa
 Chionodoxa (glory of the snow)
 Chionoscilla (hybrid genus)
 Chirita
 Chlidanthus
 Choisya
 Chorisia
 Chorizema
 Chrysalidocarpus
 Chrysanthemum
 Chrysogonum
 Chrysolepis
 Chrysosplenium
 Chrysothemis
 Chusquea
 Cibotium
 Cicerbita
 Cichorium (chicory, endive)
 Cimicifuga (bugbane)
 Cinnamomum
 Cionura
 Cirsium
 Cissus
 Cistus (rockrose, sun rose)
 Citrofortunella (hybrid genus)
 Citrus (lime, lemon)
 Cladanthus
 Cladrastis
 Clarkia
 Claytonia
 Cleistocactus
 Clematis
 Cleome (spider flower)
 Clerodendrum
 Clethra (summersweet)
 Cleyera
 Clianthus
 Clintonia
 Clitoria
 Clivia
 Clusia
 Clytostoma
 Cobaea
 Coccoloba (sea grape)
 Coccothrinax (thatch palm)
 Cocculus
 Cochlioda
 Cocos (coconut)
 Codiaeum (croton)
 Codonanthe
 Codonopsis
 Coelia
Codonopsis
 Coelia
 Coelogyne (an orchid genus)
 Coix
 Colchicum (autumn crocus, meadow saffron)
 Coleonema
 Colletia
 Collinsia
 Collomia
 Colocasia (taro)
 Colquhounia
 Columnea
 Colutea (bladder senna)
 Coluteocarpus
 Colvillea
 Combretum
 Commelina (day flower, spiderwort)
 Comptonia
 Conandron
 Congea
 Conicosia
 Coniogramme
 Conophytum
 Consolida (larkspur)
 Convallaria (lily-of-the-valley)
 Convolvulus (bindweed, morning glory)
 Copernicia (wax palm)
 Copiapoa
 Coprosma
 Coptis (goldthread)
 Cordia
 Cordyline
 Coreopsis (tickseed)
 Coriandrum (coriander cilantro)
 Coriaria
 Cornus (dogwood)
 Corokia
 Coronilla
 Correa
 Corryocactus
 Cortaderia (pampas grass, tussock grass)
 Cortusa
 Corydalis
 Corylopsis (winter-hazel)
 Corylus (hazel, filbert)
 Corynocarpus
 Corypha
 Coryphantha
 Cosmos
 Costus
 Cotinus (smoke tree)
 Cotoneaster
 Cotula
 Cotyledon
 Crambe
 Craspedia
 Crassula
 Crataegus (hawthorn)
 Crepis
 Crinodendron
 Crinum
 Crocosmia
 Crocus
 Crossandra
 Crotalaria (rattlebox)
 Crowea
Crowea
 Cryptanthus
 Cryptbergia (hybrid genus)
 Cryptocoryne (water trumpet)
 Cryptomeria (Sugi)
 Ctenanthe
 Cunila
 Cunninghamia (China-fir)
 Cunonia
 Cuphea
 Cupressus (cypress)
 Curcuma
 Cyananthus
 Cyanotis
 Cyathea (tree fern)
 Cyathodes
 Cybistax
 Cycas (cycad, sago "palm")
 Cyclamen
 Cycnoches
 Cydonia (quince)
 Cymbalaria (Ivy-leaved toadflax)
 Cymbidium (an orchid genus)
 Cymbopogon
 Cynara
 Cynoglossum
 Cypella
 Cyperus
 Cyphomandra (tree tomato)
 Cyphostemma
 Cypripedium (an orchid genus)
 Cyrilla
 Cyrtanthus
 Cyrtomium
 Cyrtostachys
 Cystopteris (bladder fern)
 Cytisus (broom)
Daboecia
 Dacrydium
 Dactylis
 Dactylorhiza (marsh orchid)
 Dahlia
 Dais
 Dalea (indigo bush)
 Damasonium
 Dampiera
 Danae
 Daphne
 Daphniphyllum
 Darmera
 Darwinia (scent myrtle)
 Dasylirion
 Davallia
 Davidia
 Decaisnea
 Decarya
 Decumaria
 Deinanthe
 Delonix
 Delosperma
 Delphinium
 Dendranthema
 Dendrobium (an orchid genus)
 Dendrocalamus
 Dendrochilum
 Dendromecon (tree poppy)
 Denmoza
 Dennstaedtia
 Deschampsia (hair grass)
 Desfontainia
 Desmodium
 Deutzia
 Dianella (flax lily)
 Dianthus (carnation, pink, Sweet William)
 Diascia
 Dicentra (bleeding heart)
 Dichelostemma
 Dichondra
 Dichorisandra
 Dicksonia
 Dicliptera
 Dictamnus
 Dictyosperma (princess palm)
 Didymochlaena
 Dieffenbachia
 Dierama
 Diervilla (bush honeysuckle)
 Dietes
 Digitalis (foxglove)
 Dillenia
 Dillwynia
 Dimorphotheca (African daisy)
 Dionaea (Venus flytrap)
 Dionysia
 Dioon
 Dioscorea (yam)
 Diospyros
 Dipcadi
 Dipelta
 Diphylleia
 Diplarrhena
 Diplazium
 Diplocyclos
 Dipsacus (teasel)
 Dipteronia
 Dirca
Dipteronia
 Dirca
 Disa (an orchid genus)
 Disanthus
 Discaria
 Dischidia
 Discocactus
 Disocactus
 Disporopsis
 Disporum (fairy bells)
 Distictis
 Distylium
 Docynia
 Dodecatheon (shooting stars)
 Dodonaea
 Dombeya
 Doodia
 Doronicum
 Dorotheanthus (ice plant)
 Dorstenia
 Doryanthes (spear lily)
 Doryopteris
 Draba
 Dracaena
 Dracocephalum
 Dracula (an orchid genus)
 Dracunculus (Snake Lily, Dragon Arum)
 Dregea
 Drimys
 Drosanthemum
 Drosera (sundew)
 Dryandra
 Dryas
 Drynaria
 Dryopteris (buckler fern)
 Duchesnea
 Dudleya
 Duranta
 Duvalia
 Dyckia
Ebracteola
 Ecballium
 Eccremocarpus
 Echeveria
 Echidnopsis
 Echinacea (coneflower)
 Echinocactus
 Echinocereus
 Echinops (globe thistle)
 Echinopsis
 Echium
 Edgeworthia
 Edithcolea
 Edraianthus
 Egeria
 Ehretia
 Eichhornia (water hyacinth)
 Elaeagnus
 Elaeis (oil palm)
 Elaeocarpus
 Elatostema
 Eleocharis (spike rush)
 Elettaria
 Eleutherococcus
 Elodea (pondweed)
 Elsholtzia
 Elymus (wild rye)
 Embothrium
 Emilia (tassel flower)
 Emmenopterys
 Encelia
 Encephalartos (Kaffir bread)
 Encyclia (an orchid genus)
 Enkianthus
 Ensete
 Eomecon (snow poppy)
 Epacris
 Ephedra (ephedra)
 Epidendrum (an orchid genus)
 Epigaea
 Epilobium
 Epimedium (barrenwort)
 Epipactis (helleborine,  an orchid genus)
 Epiphyllum (orchid cactus)
 Episcia (flame violet)
 Epithelantha
 Equisetum (horsetail)
 Eragrostis (love grass)
 Eranthemum
 Eranthis (winter aconite)
 Ercilla
 Eremophila (emu bush)
 Eremurus
 Erica (heath, heather)
 Erigeron (fleabane)
 Erinacea
 Erinus
 Eriobotrya
 Eriogonum
 Eriophorum (cotton grass)
Eriophyllum
 Eriostemon (waxflower)
 Eritrichium
 Erodium
 Eryngium (eryngo, sea holly)
 Erysimum (wallflower)
 Erythrina (coral tree)
 Erythronium
 Escallonia
 Eschscholzia (California poppy)
 Escobaria
 Espostoa
 Etlingera
 Eucalyptus (Gum tree, ironbark)
 Eucharis
 Eucomis
 Eucommia
 Eucryphia
 Eulophia (an orchid genus)
 Euonymus
 Eupatorium
 Euphorbia (spurge)
 Euptelea
 Eurya
 Euryale
 Euryops
 Eustoma
 Evolvulus
 Exacum
 Exochorda
F 

 Fabiana
 Fagus (beech)
 Fallopia
 Farfugium
 Fargesia
 Fascicularia
 Fatshederae (hybrid genus)
 Fatsia
 Faucaria
 Felicia (blue daisy)
 Fendlera
 Fenestraria
 Ferocactus
 Ferraria
 Ferula (giant fennel)
 Festuca (fescue)
 Fibigia
 Ficus (fig)
 Filipendula
 Firmiana
 Fittonia
 Fitzroya
 Fockea
 Foeniculum (fennel)
 Fontanesia
 Forsythia
 Fortunella (kumquat)
 Fothergilla
 Fouquieria

 Fragaria (strawberry)
 Frailea
 Francoa
 Franklinia
 Fraxinus (ash)
 Freesia
 Fremontodendron
 Fritillaria (fritillary)
 Fuchsia
 Furcraea

 G
G 

 Gagea
 Gaillardia
 Galanthus (snowdrop)
 Galax
 Galega
 Galium (bedstraw)
 Galtonia
 Gardenia
 Garrya
 Gasteria
 Gaultheria
 Gaura
 Gaylussacia (huckleberry)
 Gazania
 Geissorhiza
 Gelsemium
 Genista
 Gentiana (gentian)
 Gentianopsis
 Geranium (cranesbill, not same as Pelargonium)
 Gerbera
 Gesneria
 Geum (avens)
 Gevuina
 Gibbaeum
 Gilia
 Gillenia
 Ginkgo
 Gladiolus
 Glaucidium
 Glaucium
 Gleditsia (honey locust)
 Globba
 Globularia (globe daisy)
 Gloriosa
 Glottiphyllum
 Gloxinia
 Glyceria
 Glycyrrhiza
 Gomphocarpus
 Gomphrena
 Goniolimon
 Goodyera (jewel orchid)
 Gordonia
 Graptopetalum
 Graptophyllum
 Graptoveria (hybrid genus)
 Grevillea
 Grewia
 Greyia
 Grindelia
 Griselina
 Gunnera (dinosaur food)
 Guzmania
 Gymnocalycium
 Gymnocarpium
 Gymnocladus
 Gynandriris
 Gynura
 Gypsophila

 H
Haageocereus
 Haastia
 Habenaria (an orchid genus)
 Haberlea
 Habranthus
 Hacquetia
 Haemanthus (blood lily)
 Hakea
 Hakonechloa
 Halesia (silverbell)
 Halimiocistus (hybrid genus)
 Halimium
 Halimodendron
 Hamamelis (witch-hazel)
 Haplopappus
 Hardenbergia (coral pea)
 Harrisia
 Hatiora
 Haworthia
 Hebe
 Hechtia
 Hedera (ivy)
 Hedychium
 Hedyotis (bluets)
 Hedysarum
 Hedyscepe (umbrella palm)
 Helenium (sneezeweed)
 Helianthemum (rock rose)
 Helianthus (sunflower)
 Helichrysum
 Heliconia
 Helictotrichon
 Heliocereus
 Heliophila
 Heliopsis (ox eye)
 Heliotropium (heliotrope)
 Helleborus (hellebore)
 Heloniopsis
 Hemerocallis (daylily)
 Hemigraphis
 Hepatica
 Heptacodium
 Heracleum
 Herbertia
 Hereroa
 Hermannia
 Hermodactylus
 Hesperaloe
 Hesperantha
 Hesperis
 Hesperocallis
 Heterocentron
 Heterotheca
 Heuchera (coral flower)
 Heucherella (hybrid genus)
 Hibbertia
 Hibiscus (hibiscus, rose of Sharon)
 Hieracium (hawkweed)
 Himalayacalamus
 Hippeastrum (amaryllis)
 Hippocrepis
 Hippophae
 Hohenbergia
Hohenbergia
 Hohenbergiopsis
 Hoheria
 Holboellia
 Holcus
 Holmskioldia
 Holodiscus
 Homalocladium (ribbon bush)
 Homeria
 Hoodia
 Hordeum (barley)
 Horminum
 Hosta (plantain lily)
 Hottonia
 Houttuynia
 Hovea
 Hovenia
 Howea (sentry palm)
 Hoya (wax flower)
 Huernia
 Humulus (hops)
 Hummemannia
 Huntleya
 Hyacinthella
 Hyacinthoides
 Hyacinthus (hyacinth)
 Hydrangea
 Hydrastis (goldenseal)
 Hydrocharis (frogbit)
 Hydrocleys
 Hydrocotyle (pennywort)
 Hygrophila
 Hylocereus
 Hylomecon
 Hymenocallis
 Hymenosporum
 Hyophorbe (bottle palm)
 Hyoscyamus (henbane)
 Hypericum (St. John's wort, rose of SharonTutsan)
 Hyphaene (doum palm)
 Hypocalymma
 Hypoestes
 Hypoxis (starflower)
 Hypsela
 Hyssopus (hyssop)
I 

 Iberis (candytuft)
 Ibervillea
 Idesia
 Ilex (holly)
 Illicium
 Impatiens (balsam)
 Imperata
 Incarvillea
 Indigofera
 Inula
 Iochroma
 Ipheion
 Ipomoea (morning glory)
 Ipomopsis
 Iresine
 Iris
 Isatis
 Isoplexis
 Isopyrum
 Itea
 Ixia (corn lily)
 Ixiolirion
 Ixora

 J 

 Jaborosa
 Jacaranda
 Jacquemontia
 Jamesia
 Jancaea
 Jasione
 Jasminum (jasmine, jessamine)
 Jatropha
 Jeffersonia
 Jovellana
 Jovibarba
 Juanulloa
 Jubaea (Chilean wine palm)
 Juglans (walnut)
 Juncus (rush)
 Juniperus (juniper)
 Justicia K 

 Kadsura
 Kaempferia
 Kalanchoe
 Kalimeris
 Kalmia (Mountain Laurel)
 Kalmiopsis
 Kalopanax
 Kelseya
 Kerria
 Kigelia (sausage tree)
 Kirengeshoma
 Kitaibela
 Kleinia
 Knautia
 Knightia
 Kniphofia
 Koeleria
 Koelreuteria (golden rain tree)
 Kohleria
 Kolkwitzia (beautybush)
 Kosteletzkya
 Kunzea

 L
Lablab
 +Laburnocytisus
 Laburnum (laburnum)
 Laccospadix
 Lachenalia (Cape cowslip)
 Laelia (an orchid genus)
 Laeliocattleya (hybrid orchid genus)
 Lagarosiphon
 Legenophora
 Lagerstroemia(crepe myrtle)
 Lagunaria
 Lagurus
 Lamarckia
 Lambertia
 Lamium (deadnettle)
 Lampranthus
 Lantana (shrub verbena)
 Lapageria
 Lardizabala
 Larix (larch)
 Larrea (creosote bush)
 Latania (Latan palm)
 Lathraea
 Lathryus
 Laurelia
 Laurus
 Lavandula (lavender)
 Lavatera (mallow)
 Lawsonia
 Layia
 Ledebouria
 Ledodendron (hybrid genus)
 Ledum
 Leea
 Legousia
 Leiophyllum
 Leipoldtia
 Leitneria
 Lemboglossum
 Lenophyllum
 Leonotis
 Leontice
 Leontopodium (edelweiss)
 Lepidozamia
 Leptinella
 Leptodactylon
 Leschenaultia
 Lespedeza (bush clover)
 Leucadendron
 Leucanthemella
 Leucanthemopsis
 Leucanthemum
 Leuchtenbergia
 Leucocoryne
 Leucogenes
 Leucojum (snowflake)
 Leucophyllum
 Leucophyta
 Leucopogon
 Leucoraoulia (hybrid genus)
 Leucospermum (pincushion)
 Leucothoe
 Lewisia
 Leycesteria
 Leymus
 Liatris
 Libertia
Liatris
 Libertia
 Libocedrus
 Ligularia
 Ligustrum (privet)
 Lilium (lily)
 Limnanthes
 Limnocharis
 Limonium (sea lavender)
 Linanthus
 Linaria (toadflax)
 Lindelofia
 Lindera
 Lindheimeria (star daisy)
 Linnaea (twinflower)
 Linospadix
 Linum (flax)
 Liquidambar (sweetgum)
 Liriodendron (tulip tree)
 Liriope (lilyturf)
 Lithocarpus
 Lithodora
 Lithophragma
 Lithops
 Littonia
 Livistona
 Lloydia
 Loasa
 Lobelia
 Lobularia (sweet alyssum)
 Lodoicea (coco-de-mer)
 Loiseleuria
 Lomandra (mat rush)
 Lomatia
 Lomatium
 Lomatophyllum
 Lonicera (honeysuckle)
 Lopezia
 Lophomyrtus
 Lophospermum
 Lophostemon
 Loropetalum
 Lotus
 Luculia
 Ludwigia
 Luma
 Lunaria
 Lupinus (lupin)
 Luzula (woodrush)
 Lycaste (an orchid genus)
 Lychnis (campion)
 Lycium
 Lycopodium (club moss)
 Lycoris
 Lygodium (climbing fern)
 Lyonia
 Lyonothamnus
 Lysichiton (Yellow skunk cabbage)
 Lysiloma
 Lysimachia 
 Lythrum (loosestrife)
Maackia
 Macfadyena
 Machaeranthera
 Mackaya
 Macleania
 Macleaya
 Maclura
 Macropidia
 Macrozamia
 Magnolia
 Mahonia
 Maianthemum (May lily)
 Maihuenia
 Malcolmia
 Malephora
 Malope
 Malpighia
 Malus (apple, crabapple)
 Malva (mallow)
 Malvastrum
 Malvaviscus
 Mammillaria
 Mandevilla
 Mandragora (mandrake)
 Manettia
 Manglietia
 Maranta
 Margyricarpus
 Marrubium (horehound)
 Marsilea (pepperwort)
 Masdevallia (an orchid genus)
 Matteuccia
 Matthiola (stock)
 Maurandella
 Maurandya
 Maxillaria (an orchid genus)
 Maytenus
 Mazus
 Meconopsis
 Medicago (alfalfa)
 Medinilla
 Meehania
 Megacodon
 Megaskepasma
 Melaleuca (paperbark)
 Melasphaerula
 Melastoma
 Melia
 Melianthus
 Melica (melick)
 Melicytus
 Melinis
 Meliosma
 Melissa (balm)
 Melittis (bastard balm)
 Melocactus
 Menispermum (moonseed)
 Mentha (mint)
 Mentzelia (starflower)
 Menyanthes
 Menziesia
 Merendera
 Merremia
 Mertensia
 Mespilus
 Metasquoia (dawn redwood)
 Metrosideros
 Meum
 Mexicoa
 Michauxia
 Michelia
 Microbiota
 Microcachrys
Microcachrys
 Microlepia
 Micromeria
 Mikania
 Milium
 Milla
 Millettia
 Miltonia (an orchid genus)
 Miltoniopsis (pansy orchid)
 Mimetes
 Mimosa (mimosa, or sensitive plant)
 Mimulus (monkey flower)
 Mirabilis
 Miscanthus
 Mitchella (partridge berry)
 Mitella
 Mitraria
 Molinia
 Moltkia
 Moluccella
 Monadenium
 Monanthes
 Monarda (bee balm)
 Monardella
 Monstera
 Moraea
 Morina
 Morisia
 Morus (mulberry)
 Mucuna
 Muehlenbeckia
 Mukdenia
 Musa (banana, plantain)
 Muscari (grape hyacinth)
 Mussaenda
 Mutisia
 Myoporum
 Myosotidium
 Myosotis (forget-me-not)
 Myrica
 Myriophyllum (milfoil)
 Myrrhis (sweet cicely)
 Myrsine
 Myrteola
 Myrtillocactus
 Myrtus (myrtle)
N 

 Nandina (heavenly bamboo)
 Narcissus (daffodil)
 Nasturtium (watercress)
 Nautilocalyx
 Nectaroscordium
 Neillia
 Nelumbo (lotus)
 Nematanthus
 Nemesia
 Nemopanthus (mountain holly)
 Nemophila
 Neobuxbaumia
 Neolitsea
 Neolloydia
 Neomarica
 Neoporteria
 Neoregelia
 Nepenthes (pitcher plant)
 Nepeta (catmint)
 Nephrolepis
 Nerine
 Nerium (oleander)
 Nertera
 Nicandra
 Nicotiana (tobacco)
 Nidularium
 Nierembergia
 Nigella
 Nipponanthemum
 Nolana
 Nomocharis
 Nopalxochia
 Nothofagus (southern beech)
 Notholirion
 Nothoscordum (false garlic)
 Notospartium
 Nuphar (spatterdock)
 Nymania
 Nymphaea (waterlily)
 Nymphoides (floating heart)
 Nyssa (tupelo)

 O
O 

 Obregonia
 Ochagavia
 Ochna
 Ocimum
 Odontioda (hybrid orchid genus)
 Odontocidium (hybrid orchid genus)
 Odontoglossum (an orchid genus)
 Odontonema
 Odontonia (hybrid orchid genus)
 Oemleria
 Oenanthe (water dropwort)
 Oenothera (evening primrose, sundrops)
 Olea (olive)
 Olearia (daisy bush)
 Olneya
 Olsynium
 Omphalodes (navelwort)
 Omphalogramma
 Oncidium (an orchid genus)
 Onoclea
 Ononis (restharrow)
 Onopordum
 Onosma
 Oophytum
 Ophiopogon (lilyturf)
 Ophrys (an orchid genus)
 Ophthalmophyllum
 Oplismenus
 Opuntia (prickly-pear, peyote and many other cactus species)
 Orbea
 Orbeopsis
 Orchis (an orchid genus)
 Oreocereus
 Origanum (marjoram, oregano)
 Orixa
 Ornithogalum
 Ornithophora
 Orontium (golden club)
 Orostachys
 Oroya
 Ortegocactus
 Orthophytum
 Orthrosanthus
 Orychophragmus
 Oryza (rice)
 Osbeckia
 Osmanthus
 Osmarea
 Osmaronia
 Osmunda (royal fern)
 Osteomeles
 Osteospermum
 Ostrowskia (giant bellflower)
 Ostrya
 Othonna
 Ourisia
 Oxalis (shamrock, sorrel)
 Oxydendrum
 Ozothamnus