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Ved Prakash Upadhyay or Ved Prakash Upaddhay (born 1947) is an Indian Sanskrit and Hinduism scholar, author,  lecturer, professor, educationist and social activist. He is the author of many books on Sanskrit literature and Hinduism. His mostly known for his work Kalki Avatar and Muhammad. He got many national and international honours for his contributions including President award of India in 2018.

Early life 
Ved Prakash Upadhyay was born on 2 February 1947 in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. His father was Saryuparin Vedic scholar Pt.Shriramjeevan Upadhyay.

Education 
Upadhyay is a scholar of D.Phil in Sanskrit Vedas and D.Litt in Dharmashastra Hindu Law, Vedas, Philosophy, Theology, Literature, Tantra, Justice and Punishment etc.
He served for 40 years at Panjab University, Chandigarh and retired as Professor and Head of Sanskrit Department. He then taught Sanskrit medium for three years in the classes of Shastri, Acharya and Abhascharya at Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri National Sanskrit University, New Delhi. More than 60 students have done PhD under him. He was made the President of Adarsh Sanskrit Shodha Sanstha of Himachal Pradesh by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India and he is the chairman of the institution still now. Impressed by his brilliant research work, he was honored and rewarded at the national and international level by many national and international institutions. Apart from this, he participated in more than 100 Sanskrit classical conferences, presided over 26 international conferences and research seminars, published 100 research papers and under his direction, 70 research students did M.Phil. and 60 have done Ph.D. At present, he is also the chairman and member of several committees
.  He has also given radio talks several times, whose aim has been to make Sanskrit universal. Haryana Sanskrit Academy as a member of many important committees of Haryana Government, Upadhyay has been an active contributor and has been working as a consultant in Hariprabha research magazine. He is performing the responsibility as the custodian of the Gurukul Mansadevi complex.
Awards and receiptions
On the basis of these achievements, eight gold medals and 33 honors were also received by him. Overwhelmed by his devotion, contribution, publicity and dissemination towards Sanskrit, Doordarshan has also aired a one-hour special personality program on 22 March 2012 for his important contribution. Minister of State for Human Resources Mahendra Nath Pandey conferred Vidvadhushan Award in Kashi Vidwat Parishad and Manavdhikar Ratna Award by Fiji Ambassador Prabhakar Jha on behalf of International Human Rights Protection Bureau. In 2017, he received the Sanskrit Sahitya Alangkar Award from the Haryana Sanskrit Academy. In 2017, he received the Sahitya Ratna Padak from the Punjabi Language Department and in 2019 he received the President Award of India 2018 for his contribution to Sanskrit language.

Works 
Upaddhyay published 15 research and original books.

Kalki Avatar and Muhammad
Upadhyay's most notable work was Kalki Avatar and Muhammad which was published in 1969 by Saraswat Vedanta Prakash Sangghha of Allahabad. The book is thought to be a partial adaption of the book Muhammad in World Scriptures (originally "Mithaq an-Nabiyeen", covenant of the prophets) by Ahmadiya scholar  Abdul Haq Vidyarthi. Originally written in Hindi language, in this book, he discussed his claim of the mention of Islamic prophet Muhammad as the Hindu avatar of Kalki in the Hindu scriptures (Kalki Purana, Vedas and Bhavishya Purana, etc.). After publication, the book became very popular in India. Bengali scholar Asitkumar Bandyopadhyay translated the book into Bengali language along with Upadhyay's other two books 'Narashangsa and the Antim Rishi" and "Religious Unity in the Light of the Vedas and the Puranas" and combined it in one edition in the same name
. The book was later also translated into English by several translators entitling Muhammad in the Hindu scriptures and Muhammad in the Vedas and the Puranas, which gave the book immense popularity outside India. Besides popularity, the book was also criticized by many Hindu and Muslim bodies,
Claimed analogies
Ved prakash claimed in the book that the age of Kali Yuga refers to the Islamic Golden Age and the present time is Anu Yuga or the time of Atomic energy. Some of the claimed similarities between Kalki and Muhammad shown on the book along with other two books of the trilogy are:
 The most highlighted of the points was that, name of Kalki will be Narashangsha (), mentioned in Book 20, Hymn 127 of Atharvaveda and others, which means praised human, the meaning of the name Muhammad is also praised man. The name of the Kalki will also be Ileet, which also means praised human. 
 Kalki's name will be Ahamiddhi, Muhammad's another name was Ahmad.
 Kalki has been mentioned as Savitridev whose all characteristics mentioned are matched with Muhammad.
Kalki will be born on 12th day of Madhav month, the first month of the hindu lunar year and the first month of summer, Muhammad similarly born on the 12th day on Rabiul Awal, the third month of the Arabic lunar year but astrologically the time was summer season according to solar time. 
 Kalki will born on Shambhala village or island ("which is also described as the birthplace of Maitreya, the last buddha prophcised by Gautama Buddha, whom the writer also claimed to be Muhammad in his 2nd book "Narashangsha and Antim Rishi"), which means place/house of peace and a land beside water or sea, it also means Arab and Asia minor according to the world map division of Hindu religion, Makkah is Muhammad's birth place which is also beside sea and it is in Arab and Asia minor and its another name is Darul Aman, which means the place/house of peace.
Kalki's father's and Mother's name will be Vishnu-yash/Vishnu-bhagawat and Sumati/Soumyavati, which means slave of God and peaceful lady. Muhammad's father's and mother's name are Abdullah and Amina, which also mean slave of God and peaceful lady.
 Kalki will be born of the family of the main priest of Shambhala, Muhammad was also born of the family of Abdul Muttalib, the main priest of then the Makkah.
 Kalki will not suckle his mother's milk, Muhammad also deprived of his mother's milk, instead of that, he drank his foster-mother Halima's breast milk.
 Kalki will be impressively handsome (Anupama Kanti) and incomparably beautiful (Apratim Dyuti), Muhammad was also known to be handsome and impressive and had been described as the most beautiful man of contemporary Arabia.
Kalki will go to hillside after birth and receive messages from a mount from Parshurama (spirit of Raam or God, verbally Raam means God of the World) and then he will be Kaurava (migrator from homeland) and will go to north and after that he will return, Muhammad also received messages from God through Jibrail in mount Jabal al-Nour, and another name of Jibrail is Ruhul-Amin and Ruhul-Quddus which means spirit of God, and he also migrated to Madina situated in north of the Makkah and after that returned to Makkah again with victory.
 Kalki will have eight divine virtues (Ashtaishwaryaguna): Wisedom, born of noble family, self-control, remembrance (heard from God), physically powerful, less speechful, charitable, advisor of Gods verses and gratefulness. Muhammad also had these eight virtues.
 Kalki will ride on camel, Muhammad also rode on camel.
 Kalki will travel heaven by devine chariot Ratha, Muhammad also travelled heaven by Buraq in Miraj.
Kalki will ride on miraculous flying white horse named Devadatta Shetashwa (meaning: white horse given by God) given by Shiva to destroy the evil, Muhammad also rode a miraculous flying white horse named Buraq given by Allah and destroyed evil.
 Kalki will fight with Khaksha means sword, Muhammad also used to fight with sword.
 Kalki will engage in war, Muhammad was also engaged in war.
 Gods will directly help Kalki in war, Muhammad was also helped by the angels in the battle of Badr.
 Kalki will defeat demon kali with the help of his four brothers, Muhammad also defeated Satan by the help of his major four closest companions, later known as Rashidun Caliph.
 Kalki will destroy the robbers as hidden as Kings, Muhammad also destroyed the oppressors who were kings and leaders at that time.
Kalki will be colloequally a Rudra of long hair and shaven head, an earcher and a mount-climber and mount-meditator, Muhammad also had long hair in common and shaven head during Hajj and Umrah, he also used bow and arrow, he was a mount climber and a mount-meditator.
 Fregrance will come out from Kalki's body, Muhammad's body odour was also renowned for charming fragrance.
 Kalki will be meat-eater and omnivorous, Muhammad was also meat eater and omnivorous.
 Kalki will be adviser of a very big society, Muhammad was also an adviser of a big society.
 Kalki will have several wives, Muhammad also had several wives.
Kalki's name will be sage Mamoho/Mamaha and he will be given 100 gold coins, 10 necklace, 300 fighter horse and 10,000 peaceful cow, Muhammad's 100 follower was devoted self-purifier, known as Ashab-i Suffa, 10 was given good news of heaven, known as Ashara-i Mubashsharah, 300 follower was Badr fighter, who fought victoriously against 1000 enemies, and 10,000 was the number of his muslim companian in the time of victory of Makkah. 
 Kalki's followers will be known as Musalays (Muslims)
 Kalki's followers will be omnivorous
 Kalki's followers will be circumcised
 Kalki's followers will have beards and call people for the prayer (Adhan)
 Kalki will banish idolatry, Muhammad also banished idolatry.
Hindu views
The content of the book is mainly a discussion of the claim that Kalki Avatar is Muhammad and the presence of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Hindu scriptures. For this reason, Kalki Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Bhagavata Purana, Vedas etc. have been chosen as sources of Hindu scriptures.  Hindu scholars criticize and oppose all these claims.  An Indian organization 'Agniveer' criticized all these claims.  In addition, the book "Ovranto Boidik Shastrer Alokey Kolki Obotar" (অভ্রান্ত বৈদিক শাস্ত্রের আলোকে কল্কি অবতার, Kalki Avatar in the Light of Inerrant Vedic Scriptures) (2019), and the January-March version of Amriter Sandhane magazine, both published by Bangladeshi wing of Back to Godhead, criticizes the claimed resemblance to Kalki Avatar
. But in the October-December 2016 edition of Amriter shandhane, the Bangladeshi wing of Back to Godhead claimed the mention of Muhammad in Bhavishya Purana and hymn 127, book 20 of Atharvaveda in support of authenticity of vedic scriptures, which similared to the claim of the book. Hindu spiritual leader Ravi Shankar claimed in his book "Hinduism and Islam: The Common Thread" that Muhammad is explicitly mentioned as the name "Mahamada" () in Parva 3, Khand 3, Adhyay 3, texts  5-6 (Episode 3, section 3, chapter 3, text 5-6) of Bhavishya Purana: "An  illiterate teacher will appear, Mohammed is his name, and he will give  religion to the people of the desert", which also resembles the book.
Among all the similarities shown in the book with Kalki from the Kalki Purana, behavioral similarities are notable.  For example: Muhammad is the last prophet of Islam with the last arrival of Kalki;  Similarities of Muhammad's battles at various times with Kalki fighting on a white horse and sword, etc. Critics cite Muhammad's contrasts with Kalki against such similarities. Again in the book it is said that there are similarities in various matters even applying the literal meaning.  Critics consider such literal application of the similarity of characters to be misleading and a misapplication of meaning.
It also contains critical comments on Mughal history (the texts refer to them as "Mukuls") and mentions a "Mahamad".  Critics point out that the "Mahamed" described in the Bhavishya Purana is a "mlechcha" (foreigner, barbarian) and is the "Daitya" or "ghost" called Tripurasura' who is reborn. , And the word "Muslim" has been said to mean a destroyer of religion. AK Ramanujan mentions Christ, Moses and Queen Victoria in a "properly updated Bhavisya Purana". 
Regarding "Pratisargaparva" Hazra says: Although it belongs to "Bhavishya Purana" (Ik.1.2-3), "Pratisargaparva" refers to Adam, Noah, Yakuta, Timurlong, Nadirshah, Akbar (Delishwar), Jayachandra and many others.  The book also mentions British rule in India, even mentioning Calcutta and Parliament.
The book also claims that the Vedas contain prophecies of Muhammad.  For example, in the Atharvaveda Kuntapa Sukta, 'Narasamsha', which is used for any praised person, the word Muhammad means praise, and the Sukta is claimed to describe Muhammad's prophecy.  The sukta appears to refer to a justly praised king (Indra), although no Muhammadan association with them is found. Certain verses of the mantra are precisely identified and their semantic similarities are shown in order to create the context, mainly to prove Muhammad's prophecies.  Critics see such spending as ulterior motives.
Hindu scholars dispute the book's claims. A criticism of the claimed resemblance to Kalki Avatar is found in the book “|"Ovranto Boidik Shastrer Alokey Kolki Obotar" (অভ্রান্ত বৈদিক শাস্ত্রের আলোকে কল্কি অবতার, Kalki Avatar in the Light of Inerrant Vedic Scriptures)” published by Amriter Sandhane Prakashani. Indian organizations like Agniveer also criticized these claims. Criticism states,
 There are many differences in the behavioral characteristics of both.  Moreover, even if there is a similarity in meaning, the two characters may not be the same.
 In Hinduism, Kalkideva is seen as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. He cannot be human.
 According to Hindu belief, Kalkideva will arrive at the end of Kali Yuga.  That is after another 4,27,000 years. Kalki cannot appear at any time in the past.
 Kalki's father's name 'Vishnuyash' means 'Yash like Vishnu' and mother's name 'Sumati' means 'Subuddhi'. but it is not seen in the case of Kalki.
The book compares Kalki's birthplace Shambhala with the place Mecca which etymologically means 'place of peace'.  Whereas the word Shambhal (Shambhu + Aloy) literally means 'abode of welfare'.  On the other hand, the literal meaning of the word Makkah is not clearly known.
 According to the description of Kalki Purana, the village of Shambal will be a place full of rivers, mountains, kunjshovit, rich nature and forests with six seasons.  A desert region without forests and rivers would not be Shambalgram.  In addition, Hindus consider Sambhal village in Uttar Pradesh, India to be the village mentioned in the Puranas.
 Kalki was born on the twelfth tithi of Shuklapaksha of the month of Madhava (magha according to the lunar month) which is the 27th of the lunar month (15 days + 12 days of Krishna Paksha).  On the other hand, there is a difference of opinion in the Muslim community regarding the date of birth of Muhammad.।
According to the Puranas Kalki will be the fourth child of the parents. But this is not the case with Muhammad.
 Kalki's 'two' wives were 'Padma' and 'Rambha'.  Padma would be a princess of Sinhalese (present-day Sri Lanka). does not resemble the claimed character.
Indian Hindu organisation Agniveer also judjed the book by the academic works of western scholars on Hinduism. According to the organisation, the book presents the story of Abrahamic Adam and Eve, Noah, described in the Pratisarga episode of Bhavisya Purana.  According to scholars, the 'Pratisargaparva' portion of the Bhavishya Purana is considered a projected addition of the eighteenth or nineteenth century. 
Moriz Winternitz says that the texts which have come down to us under the title Bhavisya Purana, are undoubtedly not the ancient works of the original Bhavisya Purana quoted in the "Apastambiya Dharmasutra".  As Gustav Glaser has shown, the surviving manuscripts of the Bhavisya Purana are neither ancient nor medieval versions of the original Bhavisya Purana.  The author of this episode is believed to know both the English Bible and Arabic Islamic texts, but many of the words used here are derived from Arabic words and names, not from English sources.
The presence of Arabic words suggests that the corresponding portion of Bhavisya Purana was written well after the fourteenth century and must have been composed after the rise of the Mughal Empire and the availability of Arabic sources in India.  This episode has therefore led many scholars to question the acceptability of the "Bhavishya Puranas" and that these Puranas are not accepted as authentic scriptures. In this Purana there are more uses of such words including ``Sante (from Sunday), ``Farbari (from February), ``Sixty (from Sixty).

In the book "Satyarth Prakash", Dayanad Saraswati also rejected the claim of the mention of Muhammad in Atharvaveda, and he criticised the mention of Muhammad in Allopanishad calling it as a later fabrication to please Akbar.

The Bangladeshi wing of the organisation Agniveer extremely critisised the concepts of the book and the writer and they claimed that the writer doesn't exist in reality because his academic records are not found anywhere in Bengali.
Muslim views
Indian Islamic preacher Zakir Naik  deliderately mentioned extensive references from this book in his various writings.

Pakistani former high comissioner Afrasiab Mehdi Hashmi discussed the book in his writing. Besides renowned international writers like Ali Unal, Shams Naved Usmani, Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood and Danial Zainal Abidin, Ali Goma, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Sami Amri, Nihat Hatipoğlu etc. discussed and praised the book. Also there are many incidents of conversion from Hinduism to Islam happened by reading this book.
Ziaur Rahman Azmi in his book "Dirasat fil Yahudiyat wal Masihiyat Wal Adianil Hind" (دراست في اليوديه والمسيحيه واديان الحند, Studies on Judaism, Christianity and Indian Religions) stated that, although most of the mainstream Muslim scholars do not regard Hindu scriptures as divine scriptures revealed from God rather than man-made Aryan literature, there may be three reasons behind the "possible" inclusion of Islamic prophecies in Hinduism. First one is, the period of the Indo-Aryan Migration was during the time of Prophet Abraham, during which another prophet may have come to India, under whose direction these prophecies are included. Or what many Hindus say, Rigveda is copied from Torah. Another view is that, according to Sultan Mubin, professor of Sanskrit at Shibli National College, Azamgarh, they are fabrications and later Hindu additions, incorporated by Hindus to please Muslim rulers, such as the Kalki Purana and the Bhavishya Purana, which contain many prophecies on Islamic matters
. Azmi argues in support of this view that most of the Hindu scriptures were translated into Arabic in Bayt Al-Hiqmah during the reign of the Caliph Mamun bin al-Rashid, but even then, no author of that time mentioned anything of these prophecies in any of these books. For example, India by al-Biruni ("Tahqeeq ma lilhind min qaqulat mayqulat fi aliakal au marjula", رحقب ما للهند من مقولة مقولة في العقل او مرذولة) and the Arabic translations of two other Hindu scriptures. Regarding the translations, none of which said anything about these prophecies. Azmi himself supported the third view. Azmi Also said that, some Hindus including the founder of Arya Samaj Dayananda Saraswati and his followers also consider these to be fabrications. Besides, regarding the author of the book, Ved Prakash Upadhyay, Azmi said that although he claimed the verification of these prophecies in this book, he himself did not convert to Islam.
Bangladeshi Islamic scholar Abubakar Muhammad Zakaria, who has conducted advanced research and studies on Hinduism at the Islamic University of Madinah in Saudi Arabia, said about the book in his book Hinduism wa tasur bad al firaq al islamiat biha'' (Hinduism and some Islamic groups influenced by it) that,
"There is a section for this Purana (Bhavishya Purana) called Kalki Purana, which touched upon Kalki Avatar, (Avatar that comes in the Kali time, or the last time) and what came in this Purana was the reality of Muhammad only, when one of their scholars (Ved Prakash Upaddhay) admitted that there is no Kalki Avatar except Muhammad and he mentioned evidence for that from this book, and claimed that it only applies to it, except that the Hindus differed in accepting this part of the book, and they said that it was plagiarized and it was developed by the later and it was included in the book at a very late time
." Zakaria also criticized the book, saying that Narasangsha is described in verse 127 of the 20th volume of the Atharveda as Kalki which is not the main body of the Atharvaveda, he said that it is an anticipatory portion (Prakshipta Angsha or later interpolation) and subsequent connections, and claimed that prophecies of the Prophet Muhammad in Hindu scriptures were used by Hindus to make their scriptures acceptable to Muslims, which is a clever attempt, beginning with Akbar's reign to flatter Emperor Akbar by writing the Allopanishad, he claims that the Bhavishya Purana is completely fabricated and man-made with Hindu references. He says that Hinduism has a habit of adding everything in it's religion they got outside in the name of their own religion fabricatedly to attract people to come into their religion, this is also a result of that
. In addition, all Hindu scriptures, including the Vedas, are claimed to be adaptations of the beliefs of the migrated Japhethite Aryans (Zoroastrians and Rigvedians), indigenous Hemite Dravidians, and other Indo-Europian classical mythologies along with the influence of monotheism taken from Avestan concept of Ahura Mazda influenced by the geographically adjacent Arabian Semitic people, and says that since the Hindu texts do not "truely" contain the original Abrahamic monotheism of God or Allah, it is in neither consistent with the original tenets of Islam, nor these are original divine books, rather the pagan Advaita Vedanta philosophy, which developed the concept of Wahdat al-Wujud or Sufism in the name of Islam, arose
. And as Hinduism established itself as an  absorbing, inclusive, conformist and syncretistic doctrine from the Islamic point of view, as it has no spacific Aqida or Creed, according to Mahatma Gandhi, he claimed that, all Hindu scriptures are not inspired but man-made Aryan literature and the theory that this book attributed Kalki to Muhammad was a false and deceitful attempt.
Other works
 हिन्दू विधि एवं स्त्रोत (Hindu Law and Sutras), International Law Agency, Allahabad, 1986
 हिंदी साहित्य का इतिहास, काव्यशास्त्र एवं लिपि (History of Hindi Literature, Poetry and Script), Vishwavidyalaya Prakashan, Varanasi, 2014)
Doctorate thesis under him
 Om Prakash Sharma, Savita in Vedic literature. Panjab, 1977-83.

See also
 Upadhyay

References

Indian scholars
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Sportspeople from New South Wales
Living people
Ainsley Thorpe is a triathlete from New Zealand. Thorpe competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 13 February 1998.

References 

1998 births
Living people
Triathletes
New Zealand Olympians
Sportspeople from Auckland
Syed Aziz is a cricketer from Malaysia. Aziz plays for the Malaysia national cricket team. She was born on October 7, 1998.

References

Other websites 

1998 births
Living people
Malaysian cricketers
Javon Francis is a sprinter from Jamaica. Francis competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He was born on 14 December 1994.

References 

1994 births
Living people
Jamaican sprinters
Jamaican Olympians
Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Kingston, Jamaica
Neketh Gedara Roshan Prabath Jayasuriya is a cricketer from Sri Lanka. Jayasuriya plays for the Sri Lanka national cricket team. He was born on November 5, 1991.

References

Other websites 

1991 births
Living people
Sri Lankan cricketers
The NHS App lets people using the National Health Service in England to book appointments with their GP, order prescriptions and see their GP record.  They can use NHS 111, set their data sharing preferences and organ donation and end-of-life care preferences.  People can  confirm and show their Covid-19 vaccination and testing status.

It was started in 2018. The app was developed by NHS Digital and NHS England.  All the GPs have to use it. Matt Hancock said it would make the NHS work better.  By July 2022 more than  22 million people had started using it.   The Health and Social Care Select Committee of the House of Commons said in July 2023 that more needed to be done to get people to use it, especially for  booking GP appointments and managing prescriptions.  It does not link to the user’s phone calendar and it does not use on data collected by the phone to personalise information and services.

References

National Health Service
Free software
Mohammad Khodabanda (1532 – 1595), was the fourth Shah of Safavid Iran from 1578 until his overthrow in 1587 by his son Abbas I.

1532 births
1595 deaths
Chris Shelley is a speed skater from USA. Shelley competed at the 1992 Winter Olympics. He was born on 22 June 1963.

References 

1963 births
Living people
American speed skaters
American Olympians
Sportspeople from Boston
Dirdja Wihardja is a weightlifter from Indonesia. Wihardja competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 10 August 1966.

References 

1966 births
Living people
Indonesian weightlifters
Indonesian Olympians
Hadi Wihardja is a retired weightlifter from Indonesia. Wihardja competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 24 January 1962.

References 

1962 births
Living people
Indonesian weightlifters
Indonesian Olympians
Madek Kasman is a weightlifter. Kasman competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born on 12 February 1937.

References 

1937 births
Living people
Indonesian weightlifters
Indonesian Olympians
Sugiono Katijo is a weightlifter from Indonesia. Katijo competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 21 August 1971.

References 

1971 births
Living people
Indonesian weightlifters
Indonesian Olympians
Maman Suryaman is a retired weightlifter from Indonesia. Suryaman competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 2 November 1962.

References 

1962 births
Living people
Indonesian weightlifters
Indonesian Olympians
Ambrosio Solorzano is a weightlifter from Venezuela. Solorzano competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born on 7 December 1937.

References 

1937 births
Living people
Weightlifters
Venezuelan Olympians
Sportspeople from Caracas
George Breed was a fencer from USA. Breed competed at the 1912 and 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born on 14 July 1876 and died on 24 June 1956.

References 

1876 births
1956 deaths
American fencers
American Olympians
Sportspeople from Louisville, Kentucky
André Osterberger was a athlete from France. Osterberger competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was born on 26 October 1920 and died on 18 January 2009.

References 

1920 births
2009 deaths
Hammer throwers
French athletes
French Olympians
People from Côte-d'Or
Sportspeople from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Hengky Pie is an retired judoka from Indonesia. Pie competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 4 September 1966.

References 

1966 births
Living people
Judoka
Indonesian Olympians
Indonesian martial artists
Danahuri Dahliana is a archer from Indonesia. Dahliana competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics. She was born on 22 February 1972.

References 

1972 births
Living people
Indonesian archers
Indonesian Olympians
Charlie Depthios was a weightlifter from Indonesia. Depthios competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 2 February 1940 and died on 4 September 1999.

References 

1940 births
1999 deaths
Indonesian weightlifters
Indonesian Olympians
Ilham B. Lahia is a boxer from Indonesia. Lahia competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 29 December 1967.

References 

1967 births
Living people
Boxers
Indonesian Olympians
The Health and Social Care Select Committee  is a Departmental Select Committee of the British House of Commons. It looks at the policy, administration and spending of the Department of Health and Social Care and its agencies and public bodies.

References

Parliamentary select committees of the United Kingdom
Healthcare in the United Kingdom
House of Commons of the United Kingdom
Thomas Gold (May 22, 1920 – June 22, 2004) was an Austrian-born American astrophysicist, a professor of astronomy at Cornell University. He was a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Royal Society. Gold was one of three Cambridge University scientists who in 1948 proposed the "steady state" theory of the universe. This theory is now mostly abandoned. Gold's work crossed boundaries of academic and scientific disciplines, into biophysics, astronomy, aerospace engineering, and geophysics.

One idea of his is still debated. It is that life started either deep in the ocean or deep in the Earth's mantle. He also thought that as petroleum and its hydrocarbons were present across the entire universe, there was no reason to believe "that on Earth they must be biological in origin".

References 

1920 births
2004 deaths
American astronomers
Astrophysicists
Cornell University faculty
Scientists from Vienna
Handry Lenzun is a reetired fencer from Indonesia. Lenzun competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 23 October 1971.

References 

1971 births
Living people
Fencers
Indonesian Olympians
Purnama Pandiangan is a retired archer from Indonesia. Pandiangan competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. She was born on 12 October 1968.

References 

1968 births
Living people
Indonesian archers
Indonesian Olympians
"Gimme Little Sign" is a 1967 song by Brenton Wood. It went to number 9 in the United States, number 8 in both the United Kingdom and Australia, number 20 in New Zealand and number 17 in Canada. It went on to be covered by Jo Jo Zep & The Falcons, Peter Andre and Danielle Brisebois.

References

1967 songs
Soul songs
Jo Jo Zep & The Falcons songs
Peter Andre songs
"Summer" is a 2014 song by Scottish DJ Calvin Harris and is the second single from his fourth studio album Motion. It topped the single charts in the Czech Republic, Finland, Ireland, Slovakia and the United Kingdom. It went to the top 5 in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Sweden and Switzerland. It also peaked at number 19 in New Zealand.

2014 songs
Calvin Harris songs
Dance-pop songs
Electronic dance music songs
The Silvertown Tunnel is a road tunnel being built under the River Thames between the Greenwich Peninsula and west Silvertown.

It is paid for by Transport for London and is being built by the Riverlinx consortium. The tunnel is intended to reduce congestion through the Blackwall Tunnel.  People will have to pay to use both of them when it opens in 2025. The contract for building started in November 2019.

Bicycles will not be able to ride through it, but there are plans for a bicycle shuttle bus.

References

Buildings and structures completed in the 21st century
Tunnels underneath the River Thames
Anatoliy Vladimirovich Pokrovsky (; born January 12, 1987) is a Russian mixed martial artist and coach. Master of Sports of Russia in combat sambo. Participated in tournaments of such fighting promotions as League S-70, ProFC, ACB, Fight Nights Global. (record: 12-8-1).

Biography 
Was born on January 12, 1987 in Krasnodar.

Started martial arts at the age of 16. In 2004 he graduated from secondary school No. 76, the city of Krasnodar and entered the VA Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great in Moscow (Russian: ВА РВСН им. Петра Великого).

In 2009, Anatoly was awarded the title of "Master of Sports" in combat sambo. Throughout his sports career, he managed to perform in such promotions as League S-70, ProFC, ACB, Fight Nights Global. Married.

Other websites

References 

Sambo practitioners
Russian sportspeople
1987 births
Colatina is an Brazilian city in the state of Espírito Santo. In 2020, 123,400 people lived there and its area is 1,398 km². It is on the Doce River and is 127 km north of Vitória, the state's capital.

Cities in Espírito Santo
"There's Nothing Holdin' Me Back" is a 2017 song by Canadian singer Shawn Mendes and is taken from his second studio album Illuminate (2016). It topped the single charts in Guatemala and Serbia. It went to the top 10 in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Malaysia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States and Venezuela.

2017 songs
Shawn Mendes songs
Vuzenica () is a main village and a municipality in northern Slovenia. It is on the Drava River.

References

Other websites 

 Vuzenica municipal website 

Municipalities of Slovenia
Settlements in Slovenia
Muta () is a village in northern Slovenia. It is in the Carinthia Statistical Region. It is on the Drava River. In 2012, 2,291 people lived there.

Settlements in Slovenia
The Zapotec languages are a group of 50 similar languages spoken by the  Zapotec people from southwestern Mexico. There are around half a million speakers as of 2020. They are part of the Oto-Manguean language family.

References

Languages of Mexico
Ponte Nova is an Brazilian city in the state of Minas Gerais. In 2020, 59,875 people lived there and its area is 470.6 km.

The economy is based on agriculture, limited industry and services. Ponte Nova produces meat, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables.

Cities in Minas Gerais
Dead by Daylight is a horror survival multiplayer game with 5 players. Four are survivors, one is a killer. The survivors' objective is to repair five generators and open the exit gates to escape. The killer's objective is to place survivors on hooks before they escape. Characters in Dead by Daylight include Leon .S Kennedy, Ghostface and some crossover characters serve as cosmetics to original characters such as HUNK and James Sunderland.

References

2016 video games
Indie video games
Horror video games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation 5 games
Nintendo Switch games
Windows games
Les Rousses is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Jura department in east France.

References 

Communes in Jura
Cornel West, a philosopher, academic, and political activist, announced his campaign in the 2024 US presidential elections as a People's Party candidate on June 5, 2023. He followed that up with a video on Twitter where he called for "truth and justice". On June 14, 2023, West announced he would also run for the Green Party's nomination in their primaries.

West's campaign talks about support for Medicare for All, public housing, action on climate change, and drastically cutting the US military budget.

West been polling in the mid-single digits in most general election polls, and is seen as a long-shot candidate.

References

West, Cornel
is a Japanese video game director and game designer. He works at HAL Laboratory. He is the current director of the Kirby series. He is also the voice actor of King Dedede.

Games

References

 
People from Gifu Prefecture
Video game designers
Laignes is a French commune in the Côte-d'Or department.

Communes in Côte-d'Or
Barbenheimer is an Internet phenomenon and internet meme that began before the release of Barbie and Oppenheimer, on July 21, 2023. The word is a portmanteau of the movies' titles. 

The reason why this meme happened is because Barbie, a fantasy comedy movie based on the fashion doll Barbie, and Oppenheimer, a biographical thriller movie about theoretical physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer, caused a comedic response because they were being released on the same date. Polygon described the two movies as extremely opposite to each other.

The meme gained popularity with several movie theatres selling both movies as double features. Actor Tom Cruise, Barbie director Greta Gerwig and actress Margot Robbie took part of the "Barbenheimer" phenomenon and watched both movies. In an interview, Oppenheimer actor Cillian Murphy supported the phenomenon, saying "My advice would be for people to go see both, on the same day. If they are good films, then that's cinema's gain."
Many critics were surprised by how "Barbenheimer" was helping the release of both movies being release on the same day, whereas normally when two major movies were being released on the same day, they would compete at the box office. 

Barbie made $22.3 million in Thursday night previews, while Oppenheimer made $10.5 million. This was the first time two movies have made more than $10 million each in their previews in 2023.

Notes

References

Internet memes
July 2023 events
Porto Ferreira is an Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. In 2020, 56,504 people lived there and its area is 244.9 km².

Cities in São Paulo (state)
Policoro is an Italian city in Basilicata. About 17,000 people live there.

Cities in Basilicata
Settlements in Matera
Lavello is an Italian city in Basilicata. About 14,000 people live there.

Cities in Potenza
Oppenheimer is a 2023 epic biographical thriller movie written and directed by Christopher Nolan. It is based on the 2005 biography American Prometheus by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin. The movie is about the life of J. Robert Oppenheimer, a theoretical physicist who helped create the first nuclear weapons as part of the Manhattan Project. 

Cillian Murphy plays Oppenheimer, with Emily Blunt as Oppenheimer's wife, Katherine "Kitty" Oppenheimer, Matt Damon as General Leslie Groves, Oppenheimer's military handler, Robert Downey Jr. as Lewis Strauss, a senior member of the United States Atomic Energy Commission, and Florence Pugh as psychiatrist and Oppenheimer's mistress Jean Tatlock. Other members of the supporting cast include Josh Hartnett, Casey Affleck, Rami Malek, Kenneth Branagh, Benny Safdie, Jason Clarke, Dylan Arnold, Gustaf Skarsgård, David Krumholtz, Matthew Modine and Tom Conti.
Oppenheimer premiered at Le Grand Rex in Paris on July 11, 2023, and was released in the United States and United Kingdom on July 21, by Universal Pictures. It is Nolan's first movie not to be distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures domestically or internationally since Memento (2000). The movie had strong positive reviews with a 93% on Rotten Tomatoes. 

The movie was released on the same day as Barbie, a fantasy comedy movie directed by Greta Gerwig. Since the two movies have completely different tones and genres, many social media users have taken to making memes about how the two movies represent different audiences, and how they should be seen as a double feature. The trend has been called "Barbenheimer".
Cast
 Cillian Murphy as J. Robert Oppenheimer, a theoretical physicist and director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
 Emily Blunt as Katherine "Kitty" Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer's wife and a former Communist Party USA member.
 Matt Damon as Gen. Leslie Groves, a USACE officer and director of the Manhattan Project.
 Robert Downey Jr. as Lewis Strauss, a high-ranking member of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
 Florence Pugh as Jean Tatlock, a psychiatrist, Communist Party USA member, and Robert Oppenheimer's romantic interest.
 Josh Hartnett as Ernest Lawrence, a Nobel-winning nuclear physicist who worked with Oppenheimer at the University of California, Berkeley.
 Casey Affleck as Boris Pash,  a U.S. Army military intelligence officer and commander of the Alsos Mission.
 Rami Malek as David L. Hill, a nuclear physicist at the Met Lab, who helped to create the Chicago Pile.
 Kenneth Branagh as Niels Bohr, a Nobel-winning physicist, philosopher and Oppenheimer's personal idol.