Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The murder of Samuel Paty was a terrorist attack that took place on 16 October 2020 in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, near Paris. Paty was a French secondary school teacher, and he was killed and then beheaded by an Islamist terrorist, Abdoullakh Abouyedovich Anzorov. Anzorov killed Paty after a "hate campaign" on social media. A student at the school where Paty taught lied about Paty's teaching, and the student's father started the hate campaign.

Paty showed his students Charlie Hebdo's 2012 cartoons showing Muhammad in a class on freedom of speech. A girl who was not in the class lied about what the teacher taught, and her father made a complaint to the police. He also started the internet "hate campaign" against Paty that caused Anzorov to kill Paty. The murder happened during the trial of other terrorists who were part of the Charlie Hebdo shooting in 2015.
The killers in the 2015 shooting were against Charlie Hebdo's 2012 cartoons showing Muhammad. After Paty showed these cartoons in a class about freedom of speech, an Islamist imam wrote a fatwa (an opinion on Muslim law) against Paty which called for his punishment. Anzorov killed Paty and put a picture of his head on Twitter. Many of Paty's students saw the picture. Anzorov said that he had "executed" Paty and addressed his words and the picture of Paty's head to Emmanuel Macron, the president of the French Republic. The police shot Anzorov dead a few minutes after the murder.

President Macron said that the event was "a typical Islamist terrorist attack", and that "our compatriot was killed for teaching children freedom of speech".
Events before the murder 
On 6 October, Samuel Paty was teaching a lesson on dilemmas. The lesson was about the magazine Charlie Hebdo's cartoons of Muhammad and the 2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting. (In January 2015, Islamist terrorists attacked the office of the magazine and killed 12 people.) Paty showed the class of 13- and 14-year-olds the cartoons but said that Muslim students, who might be shocked, could close their eyes or leave the room if they wanted.

A 13-year-old girl at Paty's school was often truant and failed to go to her lessons. Because of her absences, the school suspended the girl. She did not want her father, Brahim Chnina, to know about her bad behaviour. On 8 October the girl lied to her father that Paty had ordered Muslim students in his lesson on 6 October to leave the room. She said the teacher then showed the other students "a photograph of the Prophet naked". She said that Paty sent her home for two days because she disagreed with him. The girl was not in the lesson.
Brahim Chnina, the girl's father, was 48 years old and was born in Morocco. When his daughter told him her story, Chnina made an angry video which he put on Facebook. In the video, he demanded that the school fire Paty from his job. Chnina made another angry video in which he accused Paty of "discrimination". Chnina made complaints to the school and to the police. He said Paty was "diffusing a pornographic image". Chnina said that Paty had ordered Muslim students to lift their hands and then leave the room while Paty showed the class the image. Chnina also said there was Islamophobia at the school. He said that other parents should help him force the school to fire Paty. He sent these videos to the organization Collective Against Islamophobia in France () and to his local mosque. Chnina said the same things on radio as well.

References
References

2020 crimes in Europe
2020 in France
2020s murders in Europe
Yvelines
Islamic terrorist incidents in France
Murder in 2020
Murder in France
October 2020 events
Terrorist incidents in 2020
Johnny Bush (February 17, 1935 – October 16, 2020) was an American country music singer-songwriter, and musician. Bush was best known for his voice and for writing the song "Whiskey River", a top 10 hit.

Bush died at a hospital in San Antonio, Texas, on October 16, 2020 from problems caused by pneumonia, aged 85.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American singer-songwriters
American country singers
American country guitarists
Musicians from San Antonio, Texas
Singers from San Antonio, Texas
Writers from San Antonio, Texas
Musicians from Houston
Writers from Houston
Singers from Houston
American drummers
Anthony Chisholm  (April 9, 1943 – October 16, 2020) was an American actor. He was a nominated for a Tony Award for Best Supporting Actor in a play, for his role of Elder Joseph Barlow in August Wilson's Radio Golf. He also performed on Broadway in August Wilson's Gem of the Ocean. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.

Chisholm died on October 16, 2020 in Montclair, New Jersey at the age of 77.

References

Other websites

1943 births
2020 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Cleveland
Actors from New Jersey
Odore Joseph Gendron (September 13, 1921 – October 16, 2020) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Bishop of Manchester from 1975 to 1990. Gendron was born in Manchester, New Hampshire.

Gendron died in Manchester on October 16, 2020 at the age of 99. At the time of his death he was the oldest living Catholic bishop in the United States.

References

1921 births
2020 deaths
American Roman Catholic bishops
People from Manchester, New Hampshire
Gordon Haskell (27 April 1946 – 16 October 2020) was an English musician and singer-songwriter. He was a school friend of King Crimson guitarist Robert Fripp, the two first working together in Fripp's mid-1960s teenage group the League of Gentlemen. 

Haskell became known as bass player for the British band The Fleur de Lys, and subsequently spent a short period in King Crimson, singing one of the songs on their second album and both singing and playing bass on their third album.

Haskell died on 16 October 2020 at the age of 74.

References

1946 births
2020 deaths
English rock singers
English rock guitarists
English singer-songwriters
Musicians from Dorset
Writers from Dorset
Joaquín Pardo (28 February 1946 – 16 October 2020) was a Colombian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He played for the national team.

Pardo died on 16 October 2020 at the age of 74.

References

1946 births
2020 deaths
Colombian Olympians
Colombian footballers
Andrzej Pogorzelski (12 October 1938 – 16 October 2020) was a Polish motorcycle speedway rider and coach. He was born in Leszno, Poland.

Andrzej won 3 bronze medals in the Polish Individual Speedway Championship (1964, 1965, 1966). He also won the Golden Helmet tournament in 1966, in 1964  (2nd place),  1965  (2nd place)   and 1969  (2nd place),  and was finalist in the Silver Helmet tournament of the season 1962  (3rd place). 

Pogorzelski died on 16 October 2020, aged 82.

References

1938 births
2020 deaths
Polish speedway riders
Abdul Aziz bin Shamsuddin (10 June 1938 – 16 October 2020) was a Malaysian politician. He was Minister of Rural and Regional Development from 27 March 2004 to 18 March 2008. Between 2004 and 2008, he was a member of the Parliament of Malaysia. Shamsuddin was born in Gopeng, Malaysia. 

Shamsuddin died on 16 October 2020 in Kuala Lumpur at the age of 82.

References

1938 births
2020 deaths
Malaysian politicians
People from Perak
The Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) is the unicameral legislature of the Palestinian Authority, elected by the Palestinian residents of the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. 

It is made up of 132 members, elected from 16 electoral districts of the Palestinian Authority.

References

Organizations based in Palestine
Unicameral legislatures
Frederick Azzopardi (15 September 1949 – 17 October 2020) was a Maltese politician. He was Member of Parliament, Government Deputy Whip, and Parliamentary Assistant in the Ministry of Gozo within the Maltese Government. He was elected in the House of Representatives of Malta in 1998.

Azzopardi died on 17 October 2020 at the age of 71 following an illness.

References

Other websites
Biographical data

1949 births
2020 deaths
Maltese politicians
Aurora Chamorro (11 June 1954 – 17 October 2020) was a Spanish swimmer. She participated in the 1970 European Aquatics Championships, the 1973 World Aquatics Championships and the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

Chamorro died on 17 October 2020 at the age of 66.

References

1954 births
2020 deaths
Spanish swimmers
Spanish Olympians
Lucien De Brauwere (10 June 1951 – 17 October 2020) was a Belgian cyclist. He competed in the individual road race at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born in Oudenaarde, Belgium.

De Brauwere died on 17 October 2020 in Petegem-aan-de-Schelde, Belgium, aged 69.

References

1951 births
2020 deaths
Belgian cyclists
Belgian Olympians
People from East Flanders
Yusop Jikiri (1951 – 17 October 2020) was a Filipino politician. He was a Leader within the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). From 2001 to 2004, he was Governor of Sulu Province in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM).  He also was a representative from Sulu's 1st District (2007–10) and ran again in 2010, but lost to Tupay Loong. 

Jikiri died on 17 October 2020 at the age of 66.

References

Filipino politicians
1954 births
2020 deaths
was a Japanese avant-garde jazz and jazz fusion trumpeter. He was born in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. In 1979, he released his first recording, toured Europe with Eugene Chadbourne, and collaborated with European musicians such as Peter Brotzman. He worked with Ryuichi Sakamoto, Kazumi Watanabe, and Herbie Hancock.

Kondo died on October 17, 2020 in Kawasaki City, Japan, aged 71.

References

Other websites
 Toshinori Kondo Official Web Site  
 
 

1948 births
2020 deaths
Japanese musicians
Trumpeters
Jazz musicians
Peter Brötzmann (6 March 1941 – 22 June 2023) was a German free jazz saxophonist and clarinetist.

Brötzmann appeared on over 100 albums.

Brötzmann died on 22 June 2023, at the age of 82, at home in Wuppertal, Germany.

Works
 For Adolphe Sax (1967)
 Machine Gun (1968)
 Nipples (1969)
 More Nipples (1969)
 Fuck de Boere (Dedicated to Johnny Dyani) (1970)
 Solo (1976)
 Alarm (1981)
 14 Love Poems (1984)
 No Nothing (1991)
 Dare Devil (1992)
 The März Combo Live in Wuppertal (1993)
 Nothing to Say  (Dedicated to Oscar Wilde: A Suite of Breathless Motion) (1996)
 Sprawl (1997)
 Right as Rain (Dedicated to Werner Lüdi) (2001)
 Usable Past (2002)
 Lost & Found (2009)

References

1941 births
2023 deaths
German jazz musicians
German saxophonists
Clarinetists
Bandleaders
Takna Jigme Sangpo (1926 – 17 October 2020) was the longest-serving political prisoner of Tibetan ethnicity. He spent 37 years in a prison near Lhasa. 

He was first imprisoned in 1965, he was released from prison on a medical parole on 31 March 2002 having reached the age of 76. He resided in the Drapchi Prison.

References

1926 births
2020 deaths
Tibetan people
Michael Strauss (; 1 May 1934 – 17 October 2020) was a German-born Israeli businessman. He was born in Ulm, Germany. His career began in 1958 and he retired in 2001. He was Chairman and President of Strauss Group. His net worth was US$950 million in 2006.

Strauss died on 17 October 2020 in Jerusalem at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
German businesspeople
Israeli businesspeople
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Matthew Nathan Drudge (born October 27, 1966) is an American political commentator, the creator and editor of the Drudge Report.

References

Other websites
 Transcript, audio, video of Matt Drudge's National Press Club speech
 
 
 Matt Drudge on Facebook

American journalists
American Internet celebrities
American political commentators
1966 births
Living people
American political writers
American political activists
Writers from Maryland
People from Takoma Park, Maryland
John Archibald Wheeler (July 9, 1911April 13, 2008) was an American theoretical physicist. He was known for his interest in general relativity in the United States. Wheeler also worked with Niels Bohr in explaining the basic principles behind nuclear fission. 

He is best known for using the term "black hole" and for inventing the terms "quantum foam", "neutron moderator", "wormhole" and "it from bit", and for hypothesizing the "one-electron universe".

On April 13, 2008, Wheeler died of pneumonia at the age of 96 in Hightstown, New Jersey.

References
References

Other websites
 1965 Audio Interview with John Wheeler by Stephane Groueff, Voices of the Manhattan Project
 1986 Audio Interview with John Wheeler by S. L. Sanger, Voices of the Manhattan Project
 A Collection of John Archibald Wheeler's Published and Unpublished Works
 Wheeler's Classic Delayed Choice Experiment
 
 
 Cosmic Search Vol. 1 No. 4, FORUM: John A. Wheeler
 John Wheeler telling his life story at Web of Stories
 Wheeler —Biographical stories 
 John Archibald Wheeler: A Study of Mentoring in Modern Physics
 Kip S. Thorne, "John A. Wheeler", Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (2019)

1911 births
2008 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American physicists
American inventors
Scientists from Jacksonville, Florida
Hightstown is a borough in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 5,494.

References

Boroughs in New Jersey
John Parsons Wheeler III (December 14, 1944 –c. December 30, 2010), known as Jack Wheeler, was an American Vietnam War veteran and businessman. He was born in Laredo, Texas.

He was chairman of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, senior planner for Amtrak (1971–1972), official of the Securities and Exchange Commission (1978–1986), chief executive and CEO of Mothers Against Drunk Driving, consultant to the Mitre Corporation (2009–death), and a presidential aide to the Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush administrations. 

Wheeler was murdered on December 30, 2010 near Wilmington, Delaware at the age of 66. The events and people involved in his murder is unsolved.

References

1944 births
2010 deaths
American murder victims
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
American political commentators
Businesspeople from Texas
Businesspeople from Delaware
People from Laredo, Texas
Military people from Texas
Michael Walter Wynne (born September 4, 1944) is an American politician and businessman. He was the 21st United States Secretary of the Air Force between 2005 to 2008.

He was forced to resign because of the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident and the mistaken shipment of Minuteman III parts to Taiwan in 2006.

References

1944 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of the Air Force
Military people from Florida
Politicians from Florida
Businesspeople from Florida
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Jeffrey Ross Toobin (; born May 21, 1960) is an American lawyer, blogger, author and was a legal analyst for CNN and The New Yorker until 2020.  He was suspended from CNN and fired from the New Yorker after masturbating on camera during an official video call.

He was an associate counsel in the Department of Justice, and moved from government into writing during the 1990s.

Toobin has written several books, including an account of the O. J. Simpson murder case. That book was adapted as a TV series, The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story, which aired in 2016 as the first season of FX American Crime Story; it won nine Emmy Awards.

References

1960 births
Living people
Lawyers from New York City
American novelists
American political writers
American political commentators
Businesspeople from New York City
Writers from New York City
The Killers Are Our Guests (originally titled Gli assassini sono nostri ospiti) is a 1974 Italian crime thriller movie directed by Vincenzo Rigo and starring Anthony Steffen, Margaret Lee, Luigi Pistilli, Gianni Dei.

Other websites

1974 crime thriller movies
Italian crime movies
Italian thriller movies
Serpent of the Nile is a 1953 American adventure movie directed by William Castle and starring Raymond Burr, Rhonda Fleming, William Lundigan, Jean Byron, Michael Ansara, Julie Newmar. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites

1953 adventure movies
American adventure movies
Movies directed by William Castle
David Charles Howard Bale (2 September 1941 – 30 December 2003) was an English businessman and an environmentalist animal rights activist. 

He was the father of actor Christian Bale and the husband of Gloria Steinem.

Bale died of lymphoma and brain cancer in Santa Monica, California on 30 December 2003, aged 62.

References

1941 births
2003 deaths
Animal rights activists
Cancer deaths in California
Deaths from lymphoma
English businesspeople
Deaths from brain cancer
British environmentalists
English activists
Zee Thirai is an Indian Tamil language Pay television channel under ZEE Network. It telecast only exclusive Tamil Kollywood movies for 24 hours with 7 weeks (24x7). Also it offers dubbed movies of Hollywood, Bollywood, Tollywood and Mollywood. It was launched by actor Kamal Hassan on the event of Zee Cine Awards Tamil 2020 and premiered on 19 January 2020. It is the part of Zee Entertainment Enterprises Limited.

Movies
 On every Friday, the channel telecast World Television Premier also Zee Attagasam for new movies.
 On every day, daily movies (24x7).

References

Other websites
 Website on Zee5

Tamil-language television
Television channels in India
2020 establishments in Asia
Winter Light is a 1963 Swedish drama movie directed by Ingmar Bergman and starring Gunnar Björnstrand, Kolbjörn Knudsen, Olof Thunberg, Max von Sydow, Allan Edwall, Ingrid Thulin, Gunnel Lindblom.

Other websites
 
 

1963 drama movies
Swedish drama movies
Movies directed by Ingmar Bergman
Tomás Herrera Martinez (December 21, 1950 – October 18, 2020) was a Cuban basketball player. He won the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.

Martinez died on October 18, 2020 at the age of 69.

References

1950 births
2020 deaths
Cuban Olympic bronze medalists
Cuban basketball players
The Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), commonly known as Fannie Mae, is a United States government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) and, since 1968, a publicly traded company. It founded in 1938 during the Great Depression as part of the New Deal.

Its sister organization is the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), better known as Freddie Mac. As of 2018, Fannie Mae is ranked number 21 on the Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.

References

1938 establishments in the United States
Stanisław Kogut (29 October 1953 – 18 October 2020) was a Polish politician and trade union activist. He was a member of the Polish Senate between 2005 to 2019. He also was a member of the Law and Justice party. Kogut was born in Biała Niżna, Poland.

Kogut died from COVID-19 on 18 October 2020 in Gorlice, Poland, aged 67.

References

1953 births
2020 deaths
Polish politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
Beki İkala Erikli (born Beki Çukran, 1968 – December 15, 2016) was a Turkish Jewish author of self-help books. She was shot to death in Istanbul on December 16, 2016.

References

2016 deaths
Writers from Istanbul
1968 births
In  computer graphics and photography, the gamut, or color gamut , is a certain subset of colors. Most often it is a subset of colors, which can be accurately represented by some output device.

Another sense refers to the complete set of colors found within an image.

Introduction
The term gamut was adopted from music, where in middle age Latin "gamut" meant the entire range of musical notes of which musical melodies are composed. In the 1850s, the term was used for a range of colors or hue, for example by Thomas De Quincey, who wrote "Porphyry, I have heard, runs through as large a gamut of hues as marble."

In color theory, the gamut of a device is the portion of the color space that it can show.

When certain colors cannot be presented within a particular color model, those colors are said to be out of gamut.
While processing a digital image, an image is usually recorded in RGB color model. When printing such image has to be converted from an original RGB color space to the printer's CMYK color space. During this process, the colors, which are out of printer's gamut are converted to the in-gamut colors. So, the final image is an approximation of the original one.

Representation of gamuts

Gamuts are commonly represented as areas in the full visible range of colors. The full range of colors is usually shown as CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram shaped like a horseshoe.

The gamut depends on the brightness. So a full gamut is represented in 3D space.

Comparison of gamut of some devices

The list contains some typical devices, wich show pictures, ranging from large to small color gamut:
Laser video projector uses three lasers to produce the broadest gamut available today. Because lasers produce truly monochromatic primaries. More than three lasers can be used together to increase the gamut range.
 Photographic film can reproduce a larger color gamut than typical television or computer.
 CRT displays have a roughly triangular color gamut, which covers a large portion of the visible color space. In CRTs, the limitations are due to the phosphors in the screen which produce red, green, and blue light.
 Printing typically uses the CMYK color space (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black). Efforts have been made to expand the gamut of the printing process by adding inks of non-primary colors.
 A monochrome display's color gamut is a one-dimensional curve in color space.

References
References

Other websites
 Using the Chromaticity Diagram for Color Gamut Evaluation by Bruce Lindbloom.
 Color Gamut Mapping book by Jan Morovic.
 Quantifying Color Gamut by William D. Kappele
 Stanford University CS 178 interactive Flash demo  explaining color gamut mapping.

Color model
The prime minister of Bhutan (Lyonchhen) is the head of government of Bhutan.

Prime ministers of the Kingdom of Bhutan

Chief ministers (Gongzim)

Prime ministers (Lyonchen)

Notes

References
The carbon-hydrogen bond (C–H bond) is a bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms. It can be found in many organic compounds. This bond is a covalent bond. Carbon–hydrogen bonds have a bond length of about 1.09 Å (1.09 × 10−10 m). It has a bond energy of about 413 kJ/mol. Using Pauling's scale—C (2.55) and H (2.2)—the electronegativity difference between the carbon and hydrogen atoms is 0.35.

References 

Organic chemistry
Chemical bonding
Alevism or Anatolian Alevism (; ; ; ) is a local Islamic Anatolian tradition, whose adherents follow the Islamic (bāṭenī) teachings of Persian mystic Haji Bektash Veli, who is supposed to have taught the teachings of Ali and the Twelve Imams. Differing from the Sunni and Shia, Alevis have no binding religious dogmas, and teachings are passed on by a spiritual leader. They acknowledge the six articles of faith of Islam, but may differ regarding their interpretation. The tradition is mainly followed by Kurds and Turks.

Sources

References 

Islamic denominations
Ilana Rovina (January 30, 1934 – October 18, 2020) was an Israeli singer and actress. Rovina was one of Israel's first pop stars in the '50s and '60s and released a string of hits. She was also an actress and known for her role in I Like Mike (1961). 

Rovina was born in Jerusalem and died from COVID-19 in Tel Aviv, aged 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel
Israeli movie actors
Israeli singers
Jewish Israeli actors
Musicians from Jerusalem
David Kushnir (דוד קושניר; June 21, 1931 – October 18, 2020) was an Israeli Olympic long-jumper and track and field coach. He was born in Afula, Mandatory Palestine. When Kushnir competed in the Olympics he was 5-8 (173 cm) tall and weighed 163 lbs (74 kg).

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Israeli Olympians
Long jumpers
Joseph Mar Thoma Metropolitan (27 June 1931 – 18 October 2020) (Syriac:ܡܺܝܛܪܳܦܽܠܶܝܬܳܐ ܕܟܽܘܪܣܝܳܐ ܫܠܺܝܚܳܝܳܐ ܕܡܰܠܰܒܰܪ ܐܰܒܽܘܢ ܝܰܘܣܶܝܦ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܬܳܐܘܡܳܐ܀) was an Indian religious prelate. He was the 21st Marthoma Metropolitan and primate of the Mar Thoma Syrian Church headquartered in Kerala, India. He was born in Maramon, British Raj. He was the President of the National Council of Churches in India, Senior President of CCA, and the chairman of CASA.

Thoma died on 18 October 2020 in Thiruvalla, Kerala from pancreatic cancer, aged 89.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Indian religious leaders
Malayali people
People from Kerala
Naâma () (27 February 1934 – 18 October 2020) was a Tunisian singer. She was named "Naâma" (meaning grace in Tunisian Arabic) by the Master Tunisian composer Salah Al Mahdi. Naâma became her stage name which she kept until she retired in late 1990s.

She was born in Azmour, in the North of Tunisia. Naâma died on 18 October 2020 after a long illness in Tunis, aged 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths

Singers from Tunis
José Padilla (1955 – 18 October 2020) was a Spanish disc jockey and producer of ambient music. He was best known for his work as DJ in the Café del Mar bar on the island of Ibiza. He was born in Barcelona, Spain. His career began in 1978.

In July 2020, Padilla was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. He died in Ibiza on 18 October 2020 from the disease, aged 64.

References

1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Spanish musicians
Record producers
DJs
Arvin Harold Reingold (July 22, 1930 – October 18, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. Reingold was in the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1963 to 1965 and was a Democrat.

Reingold was born in New York City. He moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee. Reingold died in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Chattanooga, Tennessee
Politicians from New York City
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Gérard Sulon (3 April 1938 – 18 October 2020) was a Belgian footballer who played as a midfielder.

Sulon played for RFC Liège, CS Schaerbeek, Beerschot VAV and Crossing Schaerbeek.

He also played for the Belgian national team between 1964 and 1965.

Sulon died on 18 October 2020, aged 82.

References

1938 births
2020 deaths
Belgian footballers
Saeb Muhammad Salih Erekat (also Erifat or Erakat or Arekat;   Ṣāʼib ʻUrayqāt or ʻRēqāt; 28 April 1955 – 10 November 2020) was a Palestinian politician and diplomat. He is the Secretary General of the Executive Committee of the PLO since 2015. He was chief of the PLO Steering and Monitoring Committee until 12 February 2011. 

He negotiated the Oslo Accords with Israel and remained chief negotiator from 1995 until May 2003, when he resigned in protest from the Palestinian government. He has been a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council since 1996.

On 9 October 2020, Erekat tested positive for COVID-19. He was at high risk for the illness, because he had a lung transplant in 2017.  On 18 October 2020, he was sent to the Israeli Hadassah Ein Karem hospital in Jerusalem in critical condition. Erekat died of complications from COVID-19 on 10 November 2020, aged 65.

References

1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel
Palestinian politicians
Palestinian nationalists
was a Japanese photographer. He was born in Sagae, Yamagata Prefecture.

He was best known within Japan for four series of monochrome photographs: scenes of buildings in and close to Tokyo, portraits of people in the Asakusa area of Tokyo, and rural and town life in India and Turkey. 

Kikai died of lymphoma on 19 October 2020 at the age of 75.

Notes

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
Japanese photographers
Deaths from lymphoma
Enzo Mari (April 27, 1932 – October 19, 2020) was an Italian modernist artist and furniture designer. He was inspired by the arts and crafts movement, and his political views as a communist. Mari was born in Novara, Italy.

In the 1970s, he founded the Nuova Tendenza art movement as a professor at Società Umanitaria, also in Milan.  Also in that decade, he designed the Sof Sof chair and the "Box" chair.

Mari died on October 19, 2020 in Milan from COVID-19 at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy
Italian designers
Italian educators
People from Novara
Joan Mesquida Ferrando (6 December 1962 – 19 October 2020) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the Congress of Deputies for a short time in 2019. He was the Director-General of the Spanish National Police and Civil Guard from 2006 to 2008. Mesquida was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.

Mesquida died of cancer in Palma de Mallorca, Spain on 19 October 2020, aged 57.

References

1962 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Spain
Spanish politicians
Jill Paton Walsh  (29 April 1937 – 18 October 2020) was an English novelist and children's writer. She was born in London. Walsh was known for her books Knowledge of Angels, A Presumption of Death and The Attenbury Emeralds.

Walsh died in London in October 2020 at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
English novelists
English children's writers
Writers from London
Vice-Admiral Iqbal Fazl Quadir (Urdu:اقبال فضل قادر) , (died 19 October 2020) was a Pakistani three-star rank admiral in the Navy, diplomat and analyst. He was known for his participation in second war. He was the Ambassador to Iran between 1983 to 1985.

Qadir died on 19 October 2020.

References

Other websites
Strong political will needed for success of CPEC
Indian Naval Doctrine
Myrter of Naval Crews in 1999 

Year of birth missing
2020 deaths
People from Islamabad
Pakistani military people
Ambassadors
Pakistani diplomats
Arbinda (also spelled Aribinda) is the capital town of the Arbinda Department of Soum Province in northern Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 9,790 as of 2012. Arbinda is also known for its ancient airport, which is now likely abandoned.

History 

On 24 December 2019, a group of militants attacked civilians and a military base in Arbinda in one of Burkina Faso's deadliest attacks. At least 122 people were killed, including 35 civilians, 7 soldiers, and 80 attackers.

References 

 ^ "Thirty-five civilians killed in Burkina Faso after army repels militant attack". Thomson Reuters Foundation. 24 December 2019. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
Geography of Burkina Faso
The ongoing 2020 Thai protests are a series of protests against the government of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha, which have included demands for reform of the Thai monarchy.

The protests were initially caused by the ending of the Future Forward Party in late February 2020. The party was critical of Prayut. This first wave of protests was held on academic campuses and stopped by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The protests started again on 18 July in a large demonstration organized under the Free Youth umbrella at the Democracy Monument.

Following mass protests on 14 October, a "severe" state of emergency, which gave more emergency powers to the authorities compared to those given by the Emergency Decree since March, was declared in Bangkok on the 15, citing the alleged blocking of a royal motorcade. 

Protests continued despite the ban, prompting a crackdown by police on 16 October.

References
References

February 2020 events
July 2020 events
August 2020 events
September 2020 events
October 2020 events
2020 in Thailand
Thai
November 2020 events
December 2020 events
Maurice Houdayer (18 July 1931 – 1 October 2020) was a French rower. He competed at the 1956 European Rowing Championships in Bled, Yugoslavia, with the men's eight where they won the silver medal. 

He was part of the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne with the men's eight, finishing in eighth place.

Houdayer died on 1 October 2020 at the age of 89.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
French Olympians
Rowers
Jana Andresíková (2 April 1941 – 19 October 2020) was a Czech actress. Andresíková was born in Kroměříž, Czech Republic. She was known for her roles in The Young Man and Moby Dick (1979), Giorgino (1994) and Arabela (1979–1981). 

Andresíková died on 19 October 2020 from COVID-19 in Mělník, Czech Republic at the age of 79.

References

Other websites
 

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic
Czech movie actors
Czech television actors
Czech stage actors
Luigi Franza (24 February 1939 – 19 October 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer. Franza was a member of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party. Franza was a member of the Italian Senate between 1983 and 1994.

Franza died on 19 October 2020 in Ariano Irpino, Italy at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian lawyers
Metropolitan Theodosius (secular name Frank Lazor; October 27, 1933October 19, 2020) was the primate of the Orthodox Church in America (OCA) from 1977 until his retirement in 2002. He retired due to bad health. He was born in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. 

Theodosius died in Canonsburg from problems caused by multiple strokes on October 19, 2020, aged 86.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
People from Pennsylvania
Canonsburg is a borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania,  southwest of Pittsburgh. The population was 8,992 at the 2010 census.

References

Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Bruno Martini (25 January 1962 – 20 October 2020) was a French footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He played for Auxerre between 1981 to 1995. He also played for the national team from 1987 to 1996.  Martini represented the nation in two European Championships.

Martini died on 20 October 2020 of cardiac arrest caused by heart failure in Montpellier, aged 58.

References

1962 births
2020 deaths
Footballers from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Deaths from heart failure
People from Nièvre
Challuy is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.

References

Other websites
 INSEE commune file

Communes in Nièvre
Paul Murphy may refer to:

Sportspeople
 Paul Murphy (English footballer) (born 1954), English football player for Workington
 Paul Murphy (Derry footballer) (born 1979), Irish Gaelic footballer
 Paul Murphy (Kerry footballer) (born 1991), Irish Gaelic footballer
 Paul Murphy (hurler) (born 1989), Irish hurler

Politicians
 Paul Murphy (Irish politician) (born 1983), Solidarity TD (Dublin South West) and former Socialist Party MEP
 Paul Murphy (Manitoba politician), Canadian politician
 Paul Murphy (Massachusetts politician) (1932–2020), American politician
 Paul Murphy, Baron Murphy of Torfaen (born 1948), Welsh Labour Party politician

Others
 Paul Murphy (Australian journalist), Australian political journalist
 Paul Murphy (British journalist), founder editor of FT Alphaville
 Skratch Bastid (Paul Murphy, born 1982), Canadian hip hop DJ
 Paul Murphy (conductor), Principal Conductor of Birmingham Royal Ballet
 Paul Murphy (musician) (born 1949), jazz percussionist
Related pages
 Paul Morphy (1837–1884), chess player
Paul Maurice Murphy (February 24, 1932 – January 22, 2020) was an American politician and judge. He was born in Brockton, Massachusetts. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives between 1961 to 1970 and again from 1971 to 1974.

Murphy died on January 22, 2020 in Osterville, Massachusetts at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
American judges
Politicians from Massachusetts
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
People from Brockton, Massachusetts
Lawyers from Massachusetts
Mangalya Dosham, Mangalya Dhosham or Mangalya Sandhosham, is an Indian Tamil language television show.  It is a horror and thriller drama.  It aired on Colors TamilThe series starred Lakshmipriya, Arun Padmanabhan and Ravi Tej. It is a supernatural story based on the movie Arundhati.

This series had more than 100 episodes. Then Colors Tamil and the series team decided change the name of the show from Mangalya Dosham to Mangalya Sandhosham'

Plot
A Zamindar family lives in Manikkapuram. A commoner named Raghuvaran was in love with Zamindar's daughter Nayanthara. But when Raghuvaran proposed this idea to the courtiers, they threw him out. Nayanthara married someone else.  On her wedding day, the groom tied the sacred thread on Nayanthara, but that night, Raghuvaran killed the groom. Raghuvaran was caught and executed by hanging. Before he died, Raghuvaran promised that in every lifetime he would follow Nayanthara to get her marry him.
After many years, Nayanthara was reincarnated and reborn as Nithya who is born with Mangalya Dosha from her previous birth. She is a Bharathanatyam dancer. Tarun is a doctor who falls in love with Nithya at first sight. Raghuvaran comes as a ghost who haunts Nithya in many ways. Tarun and Nithya's agree to get married, but Deepika doesn't want Nithya to marry Tarun, so she tries to separate them. The rest of the story shows Nithya and Tarun trying to live together even though the of Raghuvaran does not want them to.

Cast
 Lakshmipriya in a dual role as
 Nithya - a Bharathanatyam dancer and Tarun's love interest and became wife (Present)
 Nayanthara - Zamindar's daughter and Raghuvaran love interest (Past)   
 Ravi Tej as Raghuvaran 
 A Ghost and he comes to haunts Nithya (Present)
 A commoner and he killed by Nayanthara (Past)
 Arun Padmanabhan as Tarun
 Nithya's husband and he get possessed by the ghost Raghuvaran
Recurring 
 Keerthi Vijay as Deepika
 KS Suchitra / Smrithi / Usha as Sulochana
 Sai Gopi / Rajesh as Aarumugam, Tarun's father
 Sumi Sreekumar as Mridhula
 Raveena Daha as Baakiya
 V. Dasarathy as Kodi
 Neelakandan as Prathap
 Egavalli as Shubha
 Varun Udhay as Aravind

References

Other websites
 Colors Tamil Official Facebook in Tamil
 Colors Tamil Official Youtube Channel in Tamil

Tamil-language television series
2020 Tamil-language television series debuts
Paul Murphy  (1942/1943 – 20 October 2020) was an Australian political journalist and radio and television presenter. He presented the ABC's afternoon radio current affairs program PM from 1983 to 1993.

Murphy was a regular guest on This Sporting Life. He was the first host of the SBS-TV current affairs program Dateline, and presented the program for a decade.

In the 1994 Australia Day Honours Murphy was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for "service to public broadcasting and to journalism".

Murphy died from cancer on 20 October 2020, aged 77.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Australian journalists
Australian television presenters
Television news anchors
Cancer deaths in Australia
Irina Konstantinovna Skobtseva (; 22 August 1927 – 20 October 2020) was a Soviet and Russian actress. She was the second wife of Sergei Bondarchuk. Skobtseva was born in Tula, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. 

Her career began in 1955. Her best known works were in War and Peace, Othello and Walking the Streets of Moscow. In 1974, she was honored with People's Artist of the RSFSR.

Skobtseva died on 20 October 2020 in Moscow, aged 93.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
Soviet movie actors
Soviet television actors
Russian movie actors
Russian television actors
Russian stage actors
Gran Torino is a 2008 American drama movie produced by Clint Eastwood, who also starred in the movie. The movie co-stars Christopher Carley, Bee Vang, John Carroll Lynch and Ahney Her. This was Eastwood's first starring role since 2004's Million Dollar Baby. It is set in Highland Park, Michigan.

The movie is about Walt Kowalski, a recently widowed Korean War veteran who is left alone by his family and angry at the world. Walt's young neighbor, Thao Vang Lor, is pressured by his cousin into stealing Walt's 1972 Ford Gran Torino to be part of a local gang. Walt stops the theft and later becomes friends with the boy and his family.

Gran Torino was released on January 9, 2009. The movie had strong positive reviews.

References

2008 drama movies
American drama movies
Movies directed by Clint Eastwood
Johan August Arfwedson (12 January 1792 – 28 October 1841) was a Swedish chemist. He discovered lithium in 1817 by isolating it as a salt.

Life and work 
Arfwedson was born in January 12, 1792. His family was very rich. His father was Jacob Arfwedson and his mother was Anna Elisabeth Holtermann. Arfwedson became a student at the Uppsala University in 1803. He completed a degree in Law in 1809 and a second degree in mineralogy in 1812. Later in the year, he received an position in the Royal Board of Mines.

In Stockholm, Arfwedson knew the chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius. He got access to his private laboratory, which is where he discovered lithium in 1817, during analysis of the mineral petalite.

He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1821.

The rare mineral arfvedsonite was named after him.

References

1792 births
1841 deaths
Swedish chemists
Million Dollar Baby is a 2004 American sports drama movie directed, co-produced, and scored by Clint Eastwood from a screenplay written by Paul Haggis. It is based on short stories by F.X. Toole.

It stars Eastwood, Hilary Swank, and Morgan Freeman. 

Million Dollar Baby was theatrically released on December 15, 2004, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received critical acclaim and grossed $216.8 million. The movie won four Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actress (for Swank), and Best Supporting Actor (for Freeman).

Release dates

References

Other websites
 

2004 drama movies
2000s sports drama movies
Academy Award winning movies
Movies directed by Clint Eastwood
American sports drama movies
Movies based on books
Sergei Fedorovich Bondarchuk  (; ; Ukrainian: Сергі́й Фе́дорович Бондарчу́к, Serhiy Fedorovych Bondarchuk; 25 September 192020 October 1994) was a Soviet and Russian actor, movie director, and screenwriter. He is known for his historical dramas such as the 4-part movie version of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace and the Napoleonic War epic Waterloo.

References

1920 births
1994 deaths
Soviet movie actors
Soviet screenwriters
Russian stage actors
Russian movie directors
The Devil All the Time is a 2020 American psychological thriller movie directed by Antonio Campos. It is based on the novel of the same name by Donald Ray Pollock.

It stars Tom Holland, Harry Melling, Bill Skarsgård, Riley Keough, Jason Clarke, Sebastian Stan, Haley Bennett, Eliza Scanlen, with Mia Wasikowska and Robert Pattinson.

The Devil All the Time was released in select theaters on September 11, 2020, and digitally on Netflix on September 16, 2020. It received mixed reviews from critics.

References

2020 thriller movies
Netflix movies
American psychological movies
American thriller movies
Movies based on books
Donald Ray Pollock (born December 23, 1954) is an American writer. He first published his collection of short stories, Knockemstiff, in 2008.

His debut novel, The Devil All the Time, was published in 2011. He was the narrator of the movie version in 2020.

References

1954 births
Living people
American novelists
Writers from Ohio
Greta Celeste Gerwig (; born August 4, 1983) is an American actress and filmmaker. She starred in Hannah Takes the Stairs (2007) and Nights and Weekends (2008).

She also starred in Greenberg (2010), Frances Ha (2012) and Mistress America (2015). 

Gerwig also directed Lady Bird (2017) and Little Women (2019), both of which earned nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture. 

She also directed Barbie (2023), which is based on the famous fashion doll of the same name by Mattel, and starring Margot Robbie as Barbie and Ryan Gosling as Ken. 

Gerwig was officially hired by Netflix to direct the first two adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia, based on the book series of the same name.

References

1983 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Sacramento, California
Writers from Sacramento, California
Screenwriters from California
Movie directors from California
Movie producers from California
Noah Baumbach () (born September 3, 1969) is an American filmmaker. He is known for his works The Squid and the Whale (2005) and Marriage Story (2019). He has written and directed Margot at the Wedding (2007), Frances Ha (2012), While We're Young (2014), Mistress America (2015), and The Meyerowitz Stories (2017).

References

Satellite Award winners
1969 births
Living people
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Vassar College alumni
William Moses Kunstler (July 7, 1919 – September 4, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist. He was known for defending the Chicago Seven.

Kunstler was an active member of the National Lawyers Guild, a board member of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the co-founder of the Law Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), the "leading gathering place for radical lawyers in the country".

References

1919 births
1995 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Lawyers from New York City
American civil rights activists
Writers from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
St. Johns is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 7,865 at the 2010 census.  It is the county seat of Clinton County.

References

Cities in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
Monee is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 5,128 at the 2020 census.

References

Villages in Illinois
Christian Gottlob Gmelin (12 October 1792 – 13 May 1860) was a German chemist. He was born in Tübingen, Germany. He was a grandson of Johann Konrad Gmelin and a great-grandson of Johann Georg Gmelin.

Life
Christian was born in October 12, 1792. He was born in Tübingen, Germany. In 1818, Gmelin was one of the first to observe that lithium salts give a bright red color in a flame. Gmelin later died in Tübingen, Germany, where he spent his entire life. He died on May 13, 1860.

References 

1792 births
1860 deaths
German chemists
People from Tübingen
A gold digger is a person, usually a woman, who has a relationship for money and/or goods rather than love. If the woman gets married, it's a marriage of convenience.

This type of relationship is called  gold digging. 

The term gold digger was a slang term which has its roots in the 20th century. It is especially popular with chorus girls and sex workers.

Gold digger rose in usage after the popularity of Avery Hopwood's play The Gold Diggers in 1919.

Songs about gold diggers include "Gold Digger" from Kanye West and "Gold Digger" from EPMD. Both reference women marrying for money.

Related pages
 Mistress (lover)
 Social stigma

References

Slang
Prostitution
Tin foil is a thin foil made of tin. Tin foil was replaced after World War II by aluminium foil. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, tin foil was in commonly used.

Properties 
Tin foil is stiffer than aluminium foil. It tends to give a slight tin taste to food that is wrapped in it. Tin foil is resistant to corrosion and oxidation.

References 

Metals
Electricite de France S.A. (EDF; "Electricity of France") is a French power company.  It is mostly owned by the government of France. Its headquarters are in Paris. It earned €71.2 billion in revenues in 2016. EDF produces 120+ gigawatts of electricity in Europe, South America, North America, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.

In 2009, EDF produced more electricity than any other power company in the world. In 2011, it produced 22% of the European Union's electricity, most of it from nuclear power:
nuclear: 64.3%;
renewable energy: 12.3% (includes 4.6% from dams);
gas: 8.6%;
coal: 14.5%;
other: 0.3%.

Its 58 active nuclear reactors (in France) are spread out over 20 sites (nuclear power plants). There are 34 reactors with 900 MWe, 20 reactors with 1300 MWe, and 4 reactors with 1450 MWe, all PWRs.
In 2017, EDF was scheduled to take over most of the power business of Areva, in a French government sponsored restructuring following financial and technical problems at Areva. In July 2017, France's Environmental Minister Nicolas Hulot said that up to 17 of France's nuclear power reactors — all of which are operated by EDF — could be closed by 2025 because of a new law about using less nuclear power.

References

Other websites

 Official website

1940s establishments in France
1946 establishments in Europe
Electric power companies
Energy companies of France
A foil is a very thin sheet of metal. It is usually made by hammering or rolling. Foils are made with malleable metals, such as aluminium, copper, tin, and gold. Foils can be torn easily. An extremely thin foil is called a metal leaf. Foil is commonly used for household uses.

Metals