Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Street prostitution is a form of prostitution. Sex workers working in street prostitution work on the street, rather than in brothels. This form of sex work can be more dangerous than working in a brothel, but it also offers some benefits:

 The prostitutes have more control over who they want to have sexual intercourse with
 Very often, the prostitutes do not have to share the money they earn; for example with owners of brothels.
People working in this area are often regarded as the lowest type of prostitutes, but street prostitution also allows for people to only work occasionally, for example when they need money to buy drugs.

Some of the problems associated with street prostitution also, are:
There are little to no controls over the prostitutes; they might be younger than legally allowed (having sex with a child is a crime), they may also have various sexually transmitted diseases, for example AIDS.
 The clients of the prostitutes are often defrauded; that means that the prostitute does not do what was agreed upon, or that prostitutes want a higher price to do what was agreed.

Prostitution
Excitebike 64 is a video game published by Nintendo and developed by Left Field Productions. It was released in North America on April 30, 2000 for the Nintendo 64. It is the series' first 3D game. Excitebike 64 is the sequel to the acclaimed NES game Excitebike and is the second title in the series. It was later succeeded by the Wii game Excite Truck.

Reception
The game received an average 88 out of 100 from the review compilation site Metacritic. .

Review scores:
GameSpot: 8.8
GamePro: 80
Electronic Gaming Monthly: 9.0
IGN: 9.7
Reviews on the Run: 9/10

2000 video games
Nintendo 64 games
Ion Ivanovici (alternatively, Iosif Ivanovici, Josef Ivanovici, baptised as Jovan Ivanović) (born 1845 in Timişoara, died 28 September 1902 in Bucharest) was a Romanian military band leader and composer. 

Today Ivanovici is especially remembered for his waltz The Waves of the Danube, Donauwellen in German, in his lifetime he composed over 350 dances, and his works were published by over sixty publishing houses throughout the world. In 1889, Ivanovici won the much-desired march prize to mark the World Exhibition in Paris, out of 116 entries.

Ivanovici's Dabube Waves was first published in the U.S. in 1896, and republished in 1903, by the Theodore Lohr Company in an arrangement for piano by Simon Adler. The published version was called "Waves of the Danube". The composition is most commonly known as "Danube Waves Waltz".
Other works 
 Erzherzog Carl Ludwig March, Op. 129
 La Serenade
 The Daughter of the Boatman, or Schiffers Tochterlein (La Fille du Marin)
 Seufzer Waltz (Sigh Waltz)
 Sinaia Waltz
 Szerenade Zigeuneren (Gypsy Serenade)
 Carmen Sylva Waltz from 1892
 Mariana Polka
 Romania's Heart Waltz, Op. 51
 Incognito Waltz
 Abschied van Focsani March (Farewell to Focsani March)
 Vision de l'Orient Waltz (Vision of the East), Op. 147
 Meteor Waltz
 Im Mondemglanz Waltz (Moonglow Waltz), Op. 122
 Magic of the Mountains Waltz
 Liebes Klange Polka (Love of Music Polka)
 Storm Galopp
 Wild Flowers Waltz
 Abendtraume Polka-Mazurka (Evening Dream Polka-Mazurka)
 Agatha Waltz
 Der Liebesbote Waltz (Messenger of Love Waltz), Op. 136
 Easy, like a Dream, also known as Legere, comme un reve in French and Leicht, wie der Traum in German
 Poker Polka, Op. 123
 Am Hofe der Czarin Waltz (In the Courts of the Princess Waltz), Op. 124
 Die Ballkönigin Waltz (King of the Ball Waltz), Op. 127
Goldene Stunden Waltz (Golden Hours Waltz), Op. 128 from 1893
 Céline Polka-Mazurka, Op. 130
 Natalia Waltz, Op. 134
 Beim Pfanderspiel Polka, Op. 137
 Bluthenzauber Waltz, Op. 149
 Lieb' um Liebe Waltz (Love for Love Waltz), Op. 155
 Alina Waltz
 Amalia Waltz
 Life in Cyprus
 Souvenir de Brăila Quadrille
 Aurel Waltz
 Cleopatra Waltz
 Elena Polka-Mazurka
 Farmecul Pelesului
 Fata pescarului
 Frumoasa romanca Waltz
 Frumosii ochi albastri Song
 Hora micilor dorobanti
 Herzliebchen Waltz
 Kalinderu March
 La balul curtii Mazurka
 Luceafarul Waltz
 Military March
 Marsul Carol
 L'Odalisque Polka-Mazurka
 Pe Dunare Mazurka
 Placerea balului Mazurka
 Porumbeii albi
 Die Konigin des Morgens
 Rosina Polka from 1902
 Sarba motilor
 Suvenire Quadrille
 Maus Polka
 Tatiana Waltz
 Roses from the Orient Waltz
 Viata la Bucuresti Waltz
 Visuri de aur Waltz
 Zana Dunarii
 Anniversary Waltz
 Bavarian Ländler
 Kaiserreise or Voyage Imperial March
 La Bella Roumaine Waltz from 1901
References 

1845 births
1902 deaths
Romanian composers
Mihai Eminescu (pronunciation in Romanian: ) (January 15, 1850 – June 15, 1889), born Mihail Eminovici, was a late Romantic poet, the best-known and most influential Romanian poet. Famous poems include Luceafărul ("Evening Star"), Odă în metru antic (Ode in ancient meter), and the five Scrisori (Epistles/Satires). Eminescu was active in the Junimea literary society, and served as editor of Timpul, the official newspaper of the Conservative Party.

1850 births
1889 deaths
Romanian poets
The pan flute or pan pipe (also known as panflute or panpipes) is an old musical instrument that has five or more pipes of gradually increasing length (and, at times, girth). The pan flute has been a folk instrument, and is considered the first mouth organ, ancestor of both the pipe organ and the harmonica.

Types of pan flutes 
 Nai (Romania). Note that nai is also the Romanian word for the Middle Eastern reed flute ney.
 Antara (Andes)
 Paixiao (China)
 So (Korea)
 Syrinx
 Zampoña (Andes)
 Kuvytsi, Svyryli, Rebro (Ukraine)

Flutes
Early musical instruments
Autocephaly is the status of a church where the bishop does not report to a higher ranking bishop.

Church organization
The Getae (, singular Γέτης) was the name given by the Greeks and Romans to several Thracian tribes who lived in the region south of the Lower Danube. It is now known today as northern Bulgaria, and north of the Lower Danube, in Romania.

They spoke the ancient Thracian language like their neighbors, the Dacians. There was also a branch of Tyragetae on the Dniester River, and two tribes of Massagetae and Thyssagetae in Scythia. Many historians of the 4th to 6th centuries AD referred to the Goths, who then lived in the same area north of the Danube, as Getae.

Other websites
The Scythians or Scyths were Iranic nomadic Eurasian peoples.

They were nomadic, famous for their skills at horse riding, who dominated the Pontic steppe (modern Ukraine and Southern Russia) throughout the ancient world.  By the 2nd century AD the closely-related Sarmatians came to dominate the Scyths in this area. Much of our information about the Scyths comes from the famous Greek historian Herodotus (c. 440 BC) in his Histories, and from archaeologically from the beautiful goldwork found in Scythian Kurgan burial mounds in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and southern Russia.

Related peoples
Sakas
Sarmatians

Further reading
BORJIAN, Habib. "NORTH IRANIC PEOPLES IN THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA IRANICA." NARTAMONGæ (2019): 413.

References 

History of Russia
History of Ukraine
Wayne Bridge (born 5 August 1980) is an English footballer. He plays for Manchester City and England national team.

Club career statistics
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="5"|Southampton||rowspan="5"|Premier League||23||0||0||0||1||0||0||0||24||0
|-
|1999/00||18||1||2||0||2||0||0||0||22||1
|-
|2000/01||38||0||4||0||3||0||0||0||45||0
|-
|2001/02||38||0||1||0||3||0||0||0||42||0
|-
|2002/03||34||1||4||0||2||0||0||0||40||1
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Chelsea||rowspan="3"|Premier League||33||1||2||0||0||0||13||2||48||3
|-
|2004/05||15||0||2||0||4||0||4||0||25||0
|-
|2005/06||0||0||1||0||1||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2005/06||Fulham||Premier League||12||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||12||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Chelsea||rowspan="3"|Premier League||22||0||3||0||4||1||3||0||32||1
|-
|2007/08||11||0||3||0||5||0||3||0||22||0
|-
|2008/09||6||0||0||0||2||0||4||0||12||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Manchester City||rowspan="2"|Premier League||16||0||0||0||0||0||6||0||22||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
266||3||22||0||27||1||33||2||348||6
266||3||22||0||27||1||33||2||348||6
|}

International career statistics
|-
|2002||9||0
|-
|2003||6||0
|-
|2004||5||1
|-
|2005||1||0
|-
|2006||3||0
|-
|2007||3||0
|-
|2008||5||0
|-
|2009||4||0
|-
!Total||36||1
|}

References 

1980 births
Living people
English footballers
People from Southampton
Sportspeople from Hampshire
Premier League players
Shaun Wright-Phillips (born 25 October 1981) is an English footballer. He plays for Manchester City and England national team. He is the adopted son of Ian Wright.

Club career statistics
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="7"|Manchester City||Second Division||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1999/00||First Division||4||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2000/01||Premier League||15||0||0||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|-
|2001/02||First Division||35||8||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||40||8
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="3"|Premier League||31||1||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||34||1
|-
|2003/04||34||7||4||1||2||2||6||1||46||11
|-
|2004/05||34||10||1||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||37||11
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Chelsea||rowspan="3"|Premier League||27||0||4||0||1||0||7||0||39||0
|-
|2006/07||27||2||7||3||3||0||7||1||44||6
|-
|2007/08||27||2||3||1||5||1||6||0||41||4
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Manchester City||rowspan="2"|Premier League||26||5||1||0||0||0||9||3||36||8
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
260||35||24||5||22||4||35||5||341||49
260||35||24||5||22||4||35||5||341||49
|}

International career statistics
|-
|2004||3||1
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
|2006||4||0
|-
|2007||7||2
|-
|2008||4||1
|-
|2009||7||1
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||29||5
|}

References 

1981 births
Living people
Black British sportspeople
British adoptees
Chelsea F.C. players
Footballers from London
Manchester City F.C. players
Premier League players
People from Greenwich
Darren Bent (born 6 February 1984) is an English football player. He plays for Aston Villa and the England national team.

He first played in the Premier League in 2001 for Ipswich Town and during the 2002/03 season he scored 18 goals. He played for Tottenham Hotspur, in 2005 after they paid a record fee of 16.5 million pounds. In August 2007 he signed up to play for Sunderland for a fee of 10 million pounds.

Club career statistics
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="4"|Ipswich Town||Premier League||5||1||0||0||1||1||1||0||7||2
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|First Division||35||12||2||3||3||2||3||1||43||18
|-
|2003/04||37||16||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||39||16
|-
|2004/05||League Championship||45||20||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||48||20
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Charlton Athletic||rowspan="2"|Premier League||36||18||5||2||3||2||colspan="2"|-||44||22
|-
|2006/07||32||14364563||0||0||3||2||colspan="2"|-||35||15
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="2"|Premier League||27||6||0||0||1||0||8||2||36||8
|-
|2008/09||33||12||1||0||3||1||6||4||43||17
|-
|2009/10||Sunderland||Premier League||||||||||||||||||||
250||98||10||5||17||8||18||7||295||118
250||98||10||5||17||8||18||7||295||118
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2006||2||0
|-
|2007||1||0
|-
|2008||1||0
|-
|2009||1||0
|-
!Total||5||0
|}

References
References

1984 births
Living people
Aston Villa F.C. players
Black British sportspeople
Footballers from London
People from the London Borough of Wandsworth
Tooting
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Premier League players
Stewart Jason Downing (born 22 July 1984) is an English footballer. He started playing for the Middlesbrough first team in 2001. He went on loan to Sunderland in 2003, and spent the next six years at Boro. When Boro were relegated, in 2009 he left to join Aston Villa, and spent the next two years there. He had a two-year spell with Liverpool from 2011, and joined West Ham United in 2013. He re-joined Boro in 2015, and has played there since.

He began playing for England in 2005, and played 35 matches with them, but has not played since 2014. It is suggested that he has retired from international football.

Football career

Start with Boro 
He joined the Middlesbrough first team in 2001, having played for the Academy. In his first two seasons, he played in five Premier League matches, and failed to score any goals during that time.

Sunderland loan 
In 2003, he joined Sunderland on loan, and stayed there till 30 November 2003. He made three goals in seven matches.
Next six years with Boro 
He became a regular at Boro, and spent the next six seasons there. They had some highs and some lows, but were relegated to the Championship at the end of the 2008/09 season. This made Stew leave Boro.

Start with England team 
In 2005, he began playing for the England team.

Move to Villa 
After Boro's relegation, he joined Aston Villa, in the 2009/10 Premier League. He played there for two seasons.

Joining Liverpool 
He joined Liverpool in 2011 and stayed there for 2 seasons.

Move to London with West Ham 
In 2013, he joined London club West Ham United, where he spent the next 2 seasons.

Latest with England team 
He has not played for England since 2014.

Back to Boro 
He re-joined Boro in 2015, and has stayed there since.

References 

1984 births
Living people
2006 FIFA World Cup players
Aston Villa F.C. players
English footballers
Liverpool F.C. players
People from Middlesbrough
Sportspeople from Yorkshire
West Ham United F.C. players
Premier League players
Matthew Upson (born 18 April 1979) is an English footballer. He plays for West Ham United and the England national team.

Club career statistics
|-
|1996/97||Luton Town||Second Division||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="4"|Arsenal||rowspan="4"|Premier League||5||0||1||0||2||0||0||0||8||0
|-
|1998/99||5||0||1||0||2||0||1||0||9||0
|-
|1999/00||8||0||0||0||2||0||2||0||12||0
|-
|2000/01||2||0||0||0||1||0||1||0||4||0
|-
|2000/01||Nottingham Forest||First Division||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2000/01||Crystal Palace||First Division||7||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Arsenal||rowspan="2"|Premier League||14||0||1||0||1||0||6||0||22||0
|-
|2002/03||0||0||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2002/03||Reading||First Division||14||0||0||0||1||1||0||0||15||1
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="5"|Birmingham City||rowspan="4"|Premier League||14||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||14||0
|-
|2003/04||30||0||2||0||1||0||0||0||33||0
|-
|2004/05||36||2||2||0||2||0||0||0||40||2
|-
|2005/06||24||1||1||0||4||0||0||0||29||0
|-
|2006/07||League Championship||9||2||3||0||0||0||0||0||12||2
|-
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|West Ham United||rowspan="4"|Premier League||2||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2007/08||29||1||2||0||2||0||0||0||33||1
|-
|2008/09||37||0||2||0||2||0||0||0||41||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
238||6||16||0||20||1||10||0||284||7
238||6||16||0||20||1||10||0||284||7
|}
International career statistics 

|-
|2003||6||0
|-
|2004||1||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0
|-
|2008||5||1
|-
|2009||6||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||18||1
|}

References 

1979 births
Living people
Arsenal F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
English footballers
Sportspeople from Suffolk
Premier League players
Micah Richards (born 24 June 1988) is an English former professional footballer. He was born in Birmingham, West Midlands and grew up in Leeds.

Club career statistics 

|-
|2005/06||rowspan="5"|Manchester City||rowspan="5"|Premier League||13||0||3||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||1
|-
|2006/07||28||1||5||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||34||1
|-
|2007/08||25||0||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|2008/09||34||1||1||0||0||0||15||0||50||1
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
100||2||11||1||3||0||15||0||129||3
100||2||11||1||3||0||15||0||129||3
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|2006||1||0
|-
|2007||10||1
|-
!Total||11||1
|}

References 

1988 births
Living people
Black British sportspeople
English footballers
Manchester City F.C. players
Sportspeople from Leeds
Sportspeople from Birmingham
Premier League players
Curtis Davies is an English footballer. He was born on March 15, 1985. He plays for Derby County.

References 

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from London
Premier League players
Jimmy Bullard is an English footballer. He was born on October 23, 1978. He plays for Hull City.

References

1978 births
Living people
Footballers from London
Premier League players
This list of geological features on Ariel tells you the named geological things on the moon of Uranus called Ariel. Nearly all of the features are named after fictional or mythological people, places or things.

Valleys 
Valleys on Ariel are called valles.

Chasms 
Chasms on Ariel are called chasmata.

Craters

Other websites 
 USGS: Ariel Nomenclature

Uranus' moons
Astronomy lists
This is a list of named geological things on Miranda.

Craters

Craters on Miranda are named after characters in Shakespeare's play The Tempest.

Coronae

Coronae on Miranda are named after the places where plays by Shakespeare happen.

Scarps

Scarps on Miranda are called rupes. They are named after the places where plays by Shakespeare happen.

Sulci

sulci on Miranda are named after the places where plays by Shakespeare happen.

Other websites
 USGS: Miranda nomenclature

Uranus' moons
Astronomy lists
The following is a list of rulers of Wallachia, from when there were first rulers until near the present:

List
 

History of Romania
Lists of heads of state
Eugène Joseph Delporte (January 10, 1882 in Genappe – October 19, 1955 in Uccle / Ukkel) was a Belgian astronomer. He is known for discovering 66 asteroids.

Findings 
Some of his notable discoveries are 1221 Amor (whose name was later used for the Amor asteroids) and the Apollo asteroid, 2101 Adonis. Delporte discovered some comets as well, including periodic comet, 57P/du Toit-Neujmin-Delporte. He worked in the Observatoire Royal de Belgique (Belgian Royal Observatory), located in the town of Uccle (which was used to name 1276 Ucclia).

The crater Delporte on the Moon is named after Eugène Delporte.

1882 births
1955 deaths
Belgian astronomers
People from Walloon Brabant
The Apollo asteroids are a group of asteroids near Earth named after 1862 Apollo, the first asteroid of this group to be discovered by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth. They are asteroids that cross Earth. Some of these asteroids can get very close to the Earth, making them a potential threat to our planet.

Well-known Apollo asteroids include:

Astronomy lists
Perpetual motion refers to a movement that goes on forever once started without additional energy added. A machine that could be set in motion once would continue to move forever. Such a device or system would be against the law of conservation of energy. This law states that energy cannot be created, or destroyed, but one form of energy can be transformed into a different one. 

Perpetual motion machines have interested inventors for a long time, and even though it has been shown that such a machine cannot exist, people still try to build them.
Perpetual motion machines have been classified into different types. Each type breaks a different law of thermodynamics:
A perpetual motion machine of the first kind produces energy from nothing. It gives its user unlimited free energy. It violates the law of the conservation of energy.
A perpetual motion machine of the second kind spontaneously converts thermal energy into mechanical work. In itself, this does not violate the law of the conservation of energy, because there is the same amount of mechanical work than there was of thermal energy. Such machines violate the Second law of thermodynamics. Real heat engines, such as those found in cars, also convert heat energy to work. Such engines have two reservoirs: the heat is transferred from the hot one to the cold one. Some of the heat is converted into mechanical work, the rest is used to heat the cold reservoir. Perpetual motion machines only have one reservoir for the heat. For this reason, they can convert all the heat into mechanical work.
A perpetual motion machine of the third kind is one that can eliminate effects like friction and other effects that use energy. Because of the inertia of the mass, it can therefore maintain motion forever. This violates the third law of thermodynamics. Although it is impossible to make such a machine, because the loss of energy cannot be completely eliminated in a mechanical system, it is still possible to reduce the loss a great deal.  Even if such a machine could be built, it could only be used to store energy forever, and not to produce energy. A frictionless flywheel, for example, would eventually slow down and stop if its kinetic energy were tapped for useful work, and we would get no more energy out than the amount that was initially put in to spin up the flywheel.
Notes

Other websites 

 Perpetuum Mobile Video.
   Perpetual park video.
 Perpetuum Mobile  Site.

Engineering
Mechanics
Pseudoscience
The RPG Maker is a video game software which can be used to develop role-playing video games easily even for people that are not experienced in game design and coding. Until 2003, the program has been created by the Japanese company ASCII. From then on Enterbrain continued the development. The RPG Maker has a Graphical User Interface (GUI) which makes operating very simple. 

The software contains many options to customize a game. Within every version is a Run Time Package (RTP), contains many different graphics and sounds, although self-created files can be imported into the program as long as they are in the correct format such as size and type of file.

Versions

RPG Maker 2000 
 Released on April 2000 in Europe for Microsoft Windows.
 The game resolution is 320x240 (Based on the idea that the games should look like Super Nintendo games).
 Unofficially translated by Don Miguel.
 Many unofficially patches developed by the communities to make the software better.
 Most used version in the Community.
RPG Maker 2003 
 Released in December 2003 in Japan for Microsoft Windows.
 The use of third person-sideview battle system similar to Final Fantasy (Within fights characters and monsters are displayed from the side).
 The maximum limit of displayed pictures at the same time has been set from 20 to 50.

RPG Maker XP 
 Released on July 2004 in English for Microsoft Windows.
 First version which has been fully translated into English by the company itself.
 Resolution of 1240x440.
 Complex Programming has been realized with the language Ruby.

RPG Maker VX 
 Release Dates: Japan December 2007, Worldwide February 2008
 Simple Battle System
 Supports Ruby

RPG Maker MV 
 Released: October 2015
 Supports Android Export
 Supports Java Script

Notable games 

 Yume Nikki
 Lisa: the Painful

Software
The pine hawk-moth (Sphinx pinastri) is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found in Palearctic ecozone and sometimes the Nearctic ecozone. This species has been found in Scotland but is usually found in England. It is amongst the most common moths in many parts of Europe and the Middle East.

The larvae feed on Scots pine, Swiss pine, Siberian pine and Norway spruce.

Sphinx pinastri's wings are gray with black dashes. The wingspan is 2 3/4 - 3 1/2 inches (7–9 cm). The moth flies from April to August depending on the location.

The back of the thorax is grey with two dark bands around both sides.

The females lay their eggs in groups of 2 or 3 along pine or spruce needles.

References

Sphinginae
Tropical Storm Laura was the twelfth named storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Laura formed out of a large non-tropical low pressure area 1015 miles (1635 km) west of the western islands of the Azores on September 29. Laura slowly got tropical characteristics throughout the day as it moved over warmer waters. On the afternoon of September 30, Laura had gotten enough tropical characteristics to be designated as a "Tropical Storm". Soon after becoming tropical, Laura began to start an extratropical transition, which did not completely take place until the morning of October 1. Laura became reduced into a post-tropical cyclone later that morning, and the National Hurricane Center gave out its last advisory on the storm.

Meteorological History
In late September, a large non-tropical system over the north-central Atlantic slowly moved westward away from the Azores. The low produced hurricane-force winds, but did not exhibit the characteristics of a tropical cyclone. The storm steadily weakened over the following days, but developed tropical characteristics as it moved over slightly warmer waters. By September 29, the low had developed sufficient convection and was declared Subtropical Storm Laura.  Upon being upgraded, cold cloud tops began to wrap around the center of Laura and consolidate near the center of circulation. The convection organized around the center quickly and a satellite pass over the storm revealed that it could be intensifying.  A later satellite pass disregarded the possibility of intensification as the intensity was confirmed to be at 60 mph (95 km/h).
The overall structure of Laura remained subtropical but there were indications that it was acquiring tropical characteristics.  During the afternoon, satellites revealed that Laura had developed a deep warm core, a characteristic of a tropical cyclone, but the wind field remained subtropical in nature. By the nighttime hours, the radius of the strongest winds contracted to 80 mi (130 km), much smaller than what is typical of a subtropical cyclone. However, Laura was still under the influence of an upper-level low and cloud tops remained shallow. However, the cloud tops became colder overnight and Laura was on the verge of becoming a tropical cyclone by the morning of September 30, but strong interaction with the upper-level low meant it was still subtropical. Despite moving over colder waters, a water vapor satellite image determined that Laura had separated itself from the upper-level low, signifying it had developed into a tropical cyclone
. Laura was upgraded to a tropical storm at a relatively high latitude, 41.2°N.
Not long after being declared tropical, early signs of an extratropical transition appeared. Cold air began to enter the storm on the west side and forecast models showed Laura becoming extratropical the next morning and non-tropical later the next day.  Overnight, convection associated with Laura began to diminish and lose tropical characteristics, but still retained its status. Early on October 1, the extratropical transition was fully apparent. Laura remained tropical but the cloud pattern was becoming frontal and there was little convection around the center of the system. Laura later degenerated into a post-tropical cyclone, a term that had been previously used by the Canadian Hurricane Centre to describe a storm that has lost tropical characteristics, but is not subtropical or extratropical. The transition was forecasted to be complete by the end of the day.

Impact
Impact

While Laura was a tropical cyclone, it never came near land, so no effects or damages happened and no one died. But, the storm's remains were caught in an upper-level jet stream, and was pushed towards Europe.  Heavy rain fell across parts of Britain, creating localized build up of flood waters. Because of that, Glebe Road near Windermere, England was closed in both directions, and along the A65 road between Old Hutton and Kirkby Lonsdale, previously wet soil, as well with overwhelmed storm drains resulted in localized flooding. Traffic on the M6 Motorway was slowed because of bad driving conditions.
After the remains of now extratropical Laura made its final landfall on the southern coast of the Netherlands, its rain clouds started mix with a cold front related to a well-developed low west of Norway, dropping up to 113 mm (4.5 in) of precipitation in the northwestern Netherlands, flooding streets and homes in the village of Hippolytushoef. More than 10,000 people lost electricity in southern Norway because of damage to the electrical system created by the remains of the storm.

Related pages
 2008 Atlantic hurricane season

References

Other websites

NHC's Archive on Laura

2008 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricanes in Europe
2008 in the United Kingdom
2000s in the Netherlands
2000s in Norway
2000s in the Republic of Ireland
Implied repeal is a theory on the British constitution that laws can be amended or repealed by an Act of Parliament. If the British Parliament passes two laws about the same subject that state different things, the more recently enacted law states normally what must be done.

The doctrine is expressed in the Latin phrase leges posteriores priores contrarias abrogant ("more recent laws overwrite earlier laws").

References 

Legal terms
Sir John de Menteith (c. 1275 – c. 1323) was a Scottish nobleman. On August 3, 1305, William Wallace was captured at Robroyston, near Glasgow. His captor, Sir John Menteith, the ‘false’ Menteith, has gone down in Scottish legend as the betrayer of Wallace, but he acted as many others would have. Menteith was no English lackey, and in 1320 he put his seal to the Declaration of Arbroath.

Other websites 
 History of the Earldom of Menteith (Electric Scotland)

1270s births
1320s deaths
Scottish politicians
Signatories to the Declaration of Arbroath
The Zezë is a river in the western part of Albania. The Ishëm River directly arises from it. Zezë's river head can be found at the mountains located east of the town Krujë.

Rivers of Albania
DSL (for Digital Subscriber Loop or Digital Subscriber Line) is a way to transmit digital data over a telephone line. Telephone lines only transmit a limited spectrum of signals (roughly 20 Hertz to 20,000 Hertz, for voice). This means that the other frequencies can be used to transmit data. The data is combined or multiplexed onto the telephone line. At both ends, a device called a Splitter (or DSL filter) separates the data part and the telephony part. DSL provides the physical layer, the lowest layer of the OSI model that is used for understanding how the different parts of a telecommunications network can connect with each other.  In this model, ATM or Ethernet are two communications protocols used as the data link layer (layer 2) and IP is used at the network layer (layer 3).

While most DSL signals are multiplexed for transmission onto telephone lines, DSL can also be used without a telephony line (or multiplexed onto something else, for example Cable TV).
At the consumer end, a DSL modem converts the signals to be able to travel on the phone line; at the other end, a DSLAM multiplexes or combines the signals onto the internet backbone of the provider.

Most DSL lines of consumers are asymmetric, meaning that connection speeds or bit rates are different in each direction. Asymmetric DSL is abbreviated as ADSL. 

Typically, the download speed of consumer DSL services ranges from 256 kilobits per second (kbit/s) to 24,000 kbit/s, depending on DSL technology, line conditions and service level implemented. Typically, upload speed is lower than download speed for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) and equal to download speed for the rarer Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL).

Voice and data
Voice and data 

DSL (or VDSL, Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) typically works by dividing the frequencies used in a single phone line into two primary "bands". The ISP data is carried over the high-frequency band (25 kHz and above) while the voice is carried over the lower-frequency band (4 kHz and below). The user typically installs a DSL filter on each phone. This removes the high frequencies from the phone line, so that the phone only sends or receives the lower frequencies (the human voice). The DSL modem and the normal telephone equipment can be used on the line at the same time without interference from each other.

Equipment 
The customer end of the connection consists of a DSL modem, also known as a Terminal Adaptor. The modem converts data from the digital signals used by computers into a voltage signal of a suitable frequency range which is then applied to the phone line for transmission back to the service provider.
was a Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team. He also managed Japan national team. He was the president of the Japan Football Association from 1994 to 1998.

Biography
Naganuma was born in Hiroshima on September 5, 1930. After graduating from Kwansei Gakuin University and Chuo University, he joined Furukawa Electric in 1955. Furukawa Electric won 1960, 1961 and 1964 Emperor's Cup. In 1961, he was selected first "Japanese Footballer of the Year award". In 1965, Furukawa Electric joined new league Japan Soccer League. He played 19 games and scored 8 goals in the league. He retired in 1967.
At 1972 Summer Olympics qualification, following Japan's failure to qualify for 1972 Summer Olympics, Okano resigned a manager and Naganuma became a manager again in 1972. He managed 1974 World Cup qualification and 1974 Asian Games. At 1976 Summer Olympics qualification in April 1976, following Japan's failure to qualify for 1976 Summer Olympics, Naganuma resigned.

Naganuma became a vice-president of Japan Football Association (JFA) in 1987 and a president of JFA in 1994. He also served as vice-president World Cup bidding committee and Japan World Cup Organizing Committee for 2002 World Cup. In 1998, he resigned a president of JFA. In 2005, he was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame.

On June 2, 2008, Naganuma died of pneumonia at the age of 77.

Statistics

|-
|1954||2||1
|-
|1955||0||0
|-
|1956||0||0
|-
|1957||0||0
|-
|1958||1||0
|-
|1959||0||0
|-
|1960||0||0
|-
|1961||1||0
|-
!Total||4||1
|}

References

Other websites
Other websites

Japan Football Hall of Fame at Japan Football Association
Japan Football Hall of Fame (Japan team at 1968 Olympics) at Japan Football Association

1930 births
2008 deaths
Footballers from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
Japan Soccer League players
JEF United Chiba players
Japan national football team managers
Footballers at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Masaaki Yanagishita (born 1 January 1960) is a former Japanese football player.

In 2003, he became a coach for Jubilo Iwata.  His career as a coach continued at Consadole Sapporo and Albirex Niigata.

Club career statistics

|-
|1983||rowspan="9"|Yamaha Motors||rowspan="9"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|1984||||||||||||||||
|-
|1985/86||||||||||||||||
|-
|1986/87||||||||||||||||
|-
|1987/88||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1988/89||||||||||||||||
|-
|1989/90||||||||||||||||
|-
|1990/91||18||0||||||2||0||20||0
|-
|1991/92||2||0||||||0||0||2||0
42||0||0||0||2||0||44||0
42||0||0||0||2||0||44||0
|}

References

1960 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team. His brother Tetsuji Hashiratani also played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Hashiratani was born in Kyoto on March 1, 1961. After graduating from Kokushikan University, he started his senior career with Japan Soccer League club Nissan Motors since 1983 and played with Nissan Motors for 9 seasons until transferred to Urawa Reds in 1992, right before J1 League's inauguration. He experienced another transfer to Kashiwa Reysol, then playing in Japan Football League in June 1994. Kashiwa was promoted to J1 League as of the end of 1994 season, and he also made his return to the top flight. He retired as a player end of 1996 season.
Hashiratani started his coaching career with Montedio Yamagata, where he managed for 3 years from 2001 to 2003. After 6 months of absence, he was named as a manager of Kyoto Purple Sanga in June 2004 when Kyoto was playing in J2 League, then contributed to Kyoto's promotion back to the top flight after the 2005 season. However, due to the poor performances and turnouts of the club, he was dismissed in October about 2 months before the end of 2006 season. He was named as a manager of Tochigi SC playing in Japan Football League in 2007. After two seasons, he made Tochigi eligible to be promoted to J2 League as the club finished 2nd in 2008 season, but was dismissed because he was unable to reach the consent with top managements about his pay, as well as recruiting of new players. He was named as a General Manager of Urawa Reds in December 2009, but was dismissed due to Urawa's poor performance in 2011 season
. After spending one season as a commentator in 2012, he was named manager of Giravanz Kitakyushu and managed until 2016 season.
Statistics

|-
|1983||rowspan="9"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="9"|JSL Division 1||18||7||||||||||18||7
|-
|1984||17||8||||||||||17||8
|-
|1985/86||22||8||||||1||0||23||8
|-
|1986/87||22||11||||||1||0||23||11
|-
|1987/88||13||3||||||1||0||14||3
|-
|1988/89||22||9||||||5||1||27||10
|-
|1989/90||11||2||||||4||1||15||3
|-
|1990/91||5||0||||||4||2||9||2
|-
|1991/92||10||4||||||2||0||12||4
|-
|1992||rowspan="3"|Urawa Reds||rowspan="3"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||4||4||8||6||12||10
|-
|1993||18||2||1||0||3||0||22||2
|-
|1994||7||0||0||0||0||0||7||0
|-
|1994||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||Football League||16||1||0||0||1||0||17||1
|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|J1 League||31||4||2||1||colspan="2"|-||33||5
|-
|1996||25||2||1||0||13||1||39||3
237||61||8||5||43||11||288||77
237||61||8||5||43||11||288||77
|}

|-
|1981||9||0
|-
|1982||3||0
|-
|1983||1||0
|-
|1984||5||1
|-
|1985||9||2
|-
|1986||2||0
|-
!Total||29||3
|}

References

Other websites
Other websites

1961 births
Living people
Footballers from Kyoto Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
Kashiwa Reysol players
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Matsuki was born in Chuo, Tokyo on November 28, 1957. He joined Japan Soccer League Division 2 club Yomiuri from their youth team in 1973. The club was promoted to Division 1 in 1978. The club won the champions in Japan Soccer League 3 times, JSL Cup 2 times and Emperor's Cup 3 times. From 1983, he also served as captain. This was golden era in club history. He retired in 1990. He played 269 games and scored 9 goals in the league. He was selected Best Eleven 3 times.

In April 1984, Matsuki was selected the Japan national team for 1984 Summer Olympics qualification. At this qualification, on April 15, he debuted against Thailand. He also played at 1986 World Cup qualification and 1986 Asian Games. He played 11 games for Japan until 1986.
After retirement, Matsuki started coaching career at Yomiuri (later Verdy Kawasaki, Tokyo Verdy) in 1990. In 1993, he became a manager. The club won the champions at J1 League and J.League Cup and he was selected Best Manager awards for 2 years in a row (1993-1994). He resigned end of 1994 season. In 1998, he signed with Cerezo Osaka and managed in 1 season. In 2001, he returned to Tokyo Verdy in the first year after relocating to Tokyo. However he was sacked in July.

Statistics
Statistics

|-
|1973||rowspan="17"|Yomiuri||rowspan="5"|JSL Division 2||0||0||||||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1974||8||0||||||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|1975||18||0||||||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|-
|1976||17||2||2||0||4||0||23||2
|-
|1977||18||0||3||0||4||0||25||0
|-
|1978||rowspan="12"|JSL Division 1||18||0||2||0||6||0||26||0
|-
|1979||18||0||2||0||4||0||24||0
|-
|1980||17||1||3||1||2||0||22||2
|-
|1981||18||1||5||0||1||0||24||1
|-
|1982||17||0||3||0||1||0||21||0
|-
|1983||18||2||3||0||3||0||24||2
|-
|1984||18||2||5||0||0||0||23||2
|-
|1985/86||22||1||2||0||4||1||28||2
|-
|1986/87||22||0||5||1||1||0||28||1
|-
|1987/88||19||0||4||1||1||0||24||1
|-
|1988/89||21||0||3||0||2||0||26||0
|-
|1989/90||0||0||1||0||3||0||4||0
269||9||43||3||36||1||348||13
269||9||43||3||36||1||348||13
|}

|-
|1984||3||0
|-
|1985||6||0
|-
|1986||2||0
|-
!Total||11||0
|}

References

Other websites
Other websites

1957 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Cerezo Osaka managers
Japan Soccer League players
Tokyo Verdy players
(former name; Takeo Kimura, 木村 武夫) is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Takahashi was born in Shinagawa, Tokyo on May 13, 1947. After graduating from Kawaguchi High School, he joined Furukawa Electric in 1966. In 1967 season, he scored 15 goals and became a top scorer. He was 20 years old, this is the youngest top scorer in Japan Soccer League. He left the club in 1973 and entered Tokyo University of Agriculture. After graduating from Tokyo University of Agriculture, he joined Division 2 club Toshiba in 1979. In 1979, the club won the champions in Division 2. He retired in 1982.

In December 1966, Takahashi was selected the Japan national team for 1966 Asian Games. At this competition, on December 17, he debuted against Thailand. He also played at 1970 Asian Games. This competition was his last game for Japan. He played 14 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 1970.
After retirement, Takahashi became a manager for Toshiba (later Consadole Sapporo) in 1987. In 1989, he led the club to won the champions in Division 2 and promoted to Division 1. He managed the club until 1996.

Statistics

|-
|1966||rowspan="8"|Furukawa Electric||rowspan="8"|JSL Division 1||10||6
|-
|1967||13||15
|-
|1968||12||6
|-
|1969||14||6
|-
|1970||13||6
|-
|1971||14||3
|-
|1972||8||3
|-
|1973||9||2
93||47
93||47
|}

|-
|1966||2||1
|-
|1967||1||0
|-
|1968||2||0
|-
|1969||1||0
|-
|1970||8||3
|-
!Total||14||4
|}

References

Other websites

1947 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japan Soccer League players
JEF United Chiba players
Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo players
Hugo Fernández (2 February 1945 – 1 August 2022) was an Uruguayan football manager.

Fernández died on 1 August 2022 in Puebla de Zaragoza, Mexico at the age of 77.

References

1945 births
2022 deaths
Uruguayan football managers
Footballers from Montevideo
Peñarol managers
Hajime Ishii (born 26 May 1959) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|1982||rowspan="6"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="6"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|1983||||||||||||||||
|-
|1984||||||||||||||||
|-
|1985/86||||||||||||||||
|-
|1986/87||||||||||||||||
|-
|1987/88||||||||||||||||
|-
|1988||rowspan="3"|Otsuka Pharmaceuticals||Prefectural Leagues||||||||||||||||
|-
|1989||Regional Leagues||||||||||||||||
|-
|1990/91||JSL Division 2||22||1||colspan="2"|-||1||0||23||1
22||1||0||0||1||0||23||1
22||1||0||0||1||0||23||1
|}

References

1959 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team. His brother Koichi Hashiratani also played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Hashiratani was educated at and played for Kyoto Commercial High School and Kokushikan University. He played as defender and defensive midfielder. He joined Japan Soccer League side Nissan Motors in 1987. From 1988 to 1990, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup for 2 years in a row. In 1990s, the club won 1990 JSL Cup, 1991 and 1992 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, the club won 1991–92 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. He moved to Verdy Kawasaki in 1992 when professional league J1 League was founded. The club won the J1 League champions in 1993 and 1994. The club also won 1992, 1993, 1994 J.League Cup and 1996 Emperor's Cup. He was a central player in golden era in both clubs history. He retired in 1998. He was selected Best Eleven for 6 years in a row (1989/90-1995).
Hashiratani was capped 72 times and scored 6 goals for the Japanese national team from 1988 to 1995. He was a member of the Japan team for the 1992 Asian Cup which Japan won. He was the captain when Japan's hope to play in the 1994 World Cup finals was dashed by a late Iraqi equaliser in the final qualifier, the match that the Japanese fans now refer to as the "Agony of Doha" (ドーハの悲劇).
He succeeded Takeshi Okada as the manager of Consadole Sapporo at the beginning of the 2002 season. However, he was sacked after only seven matches. The club was relegated to J2 League that season. Then he coached Kokushikan University and Urawa Reds. He was an assistant coach at Tokyo Verdy from 2006 to 2007. He was promoted to the manager of the club in 2008 but fired by the Verdy after the season. He would later return in 2010 to coach Kokushikan University. He was called back to professional managing once more, as he was announced to lead Mito HollyHock from the 2011 season. After poor results leaving Mito in the relegation zone, he was sacked in the middle of the 2015 season. He was signed to manage J3 League-team Gainare Tottori from the 2016 season, but he lasted only season before signing for Japan Football League's Vanraure Hachinohe. He resigned end of 2017 season. He signed with Giravanz Kitakyushu as Hitoshi Morishita successor in June 2018
. The club finished 2018 season at the bottom place of 17 club and he resigned end of 2018 season.
Statistics

|-
|1987/88||rowspan="5"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="5"|JSL Division 1||12||0||||||0||0||12||0
|-
|1988/89||22||0||||||5||0||27||0
|-
|1989/90||21||2||||||4||0||25||2
|-
|1990/91||20||0||||||4||0||24||0
|-
|1991/92||22||0||||||3||0||25||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="7"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="7"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||5||0||11||0||16||0
|-
|1993||31||3||2||0||1||0||34||3
|-
|1994||40||2||2||0||3||0||45||2
|-
|1995||46||5||2||0||colspan="2"|-||48||5
|-
|1996||22||2||0||0||10||0||32||2
|-
|1997||16||0||2||0||3||0||21||0
|-
|1998||28||1||3||0||2||0||33||1
280||15||16||0||46||0||346||11
280||15||16||0||46||0||346||11
|}

|-
|1988||5||1
|-
|1989||10||0
|-
|1990||6||1
|-
|1991||2||1
|-
|1992||11||0
|-
|1993||14||2
|-
|1994||9||1
|-
|1995||15||0
|-
!Total||72||6
|}

References

Other websites
Other websites

1964 births
Living people
Footballers from Kyoto Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Tokyo Verdy players
1995 King Fahd Cup players
1992 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
is a former Japanese football player and manager. He managed the Japan women's national team.

Biography
Ueda was born in Tateyama on December 22, 1953. After graduating from Aoyama Gakuin University, he joined Japan Soccer League club Fujita Industries. He played many matches from 1978. The club won the league champions in 1977, 1979 and 1981. He retired end of the 1982 season.

After the retirement, Ueda became an assistant coach for Fujita Industries (later, Bellmare Hiratsuka, Shonan Bellmare). In 1999, he became a manager for Bellmare Hiratsuka. But he resigned in July. From 2000, he became a manager for the Macau national team and managed until May 2002. In August 2002, he became a manager for the Japan women's national team. He managed at the 2003 World Cup and the 2004 Summer Olympics. After the 2004 Summer Olympics, he became manager for Shonan Bellmare again. He resigned in June 2006.

Statistics
Statistics

|-
|1976||rowspan="7"|Fujita Industries||rowspan="7"|JSL Division 1||5||0
|-
|1977||4||0
|-
|1978||15||4
|-
|1979||18||6
|-
|1980||16||5
|-
|1981||16||5
|-
|1982||14||0
88||20
88||20
|}

References

Other websites
 

1953 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Japanese football managers
Japan Soccer League players
Shonan Bellmare players
Japan women's national football team managers
Tijani Babangida (born 25 September 1973) is a former Nigerian football player. He has played for Nigeria national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|1991/92||rowspan="2"|VVV Venlo||Eredivisie||6||3
|-
|1992/93||Eerste Divisie||28||16
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|Roda||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||29||11
|-
|1994/95||20||5
|-
|1995/96||29||10
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="4"|Ajax||rowspan="4"|Eredivisie||25||4
|-
|1997/98||26||13
|-
|1998/99||18||2
|-
|1999/00||8||1

|-
|2000/01||Gençlerbirliği||Süper Lig||12||2

|-
|2001/02||Vitesse||Eredivisie||14||1

|-
|2002/03||Al-Ittihad Jeddah||Premier League||5||0

|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Changchun Yatai||||9||4
|-
|2004||||20||4
203||66
12||2
5||0
29||8
249||76
|}

International career statistics

|-
|1994||||
|-
|1995||||
|-
|1996||||
|-
|1997||||
|-
|1998||7||1
|-
|1999||3||0
|-
|2000||10||2
|-
|2001||7||2
|-
|2002||5||0
|-
!Total||||
|}

Related pages 
 List of Nigerians

References

1973 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) pioneered the use of diesel shunting locomotives in Great Britain.

United Kingdom rolling stock‎