Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Car design is the process of determining how cars and other motor vehicles like trucks look and feel. Most cars are designed by a large group of people that usually includes artists and engineers.

Design process 
Typically, cars are designed based on many sketches and drawings, along with computer-aided design models. When the design team is satisfied with the basic shape of the car, a life-size model is sculpted from clay. Details are added to the clay model, and its shape may be changed by a small amount.

Then, the interior design team designs the car's interior, making sure that it fits the needs of the customer. These needs include things like comfort and entertainment systems. High-end cars like luxury cars and supercars have fancy interiors and are designed for an enjoyable driving experience, while utility vehicles like vans have plain, rugged interiors designed to endure various types of cargo.
Other parts of the car, such as the chassis and engine, are designed primarily by engineers, as it is less important for these parts to look attractive than it is for them to work properly.

History 
While most early cars were designed around usability rather than looks, that began to change when American businessman Alfred P. Sloan came up with the idea of changing a car's styling every year. This was done from the 1920s onward to keep cars looking "new" for each year they were sold, leaving customers unhappy with older models of the same car and increasing car sales in the United States. Sloan got this idea from bicycle companies.

After World War I, car companies in European countries focused on luxury, and companies called coachbuilders made bodies for luxury cars. Some of these bodies were customized for especially rich customers.
After World War II, the American economy grew and most American citizens were now able to afford cars. Because cars became more important in the United States, so did their styling, with the most famous American car designer being Harley Earl. The influence of car design would also grow massively in Europe, especially within France, Italy, and Germany.

References 

Vehicles
Design
Dance, Dance may refer to:

 "Dance, Dance" (Fall Out Boy song), 2005
 "Dance, Dance" (Booty Luv song), 2008
 Dance Dance (movie), a 1987 movie by Babbar Subhash
 Dance, Dance!, a Wiggles album and DVD, 2016
Ripley County is a county along the southern border of Missouri, United States. In 2020, 10,679 people lived there. The county seat and largest city is Doniphan.

References 

1833 establishments in Missouri
Missouri counties
Ozark County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Gainesville. In 2020, 8,553 people lived there.

References

1841 establishments in Missouri
Missouri counties
Gisella Donadoni (born 1968) is an Italian television presenter, journalist, and actress.  She was born in Bergamo, Italy. She began her career in 1994 as a news presenter on TV Bergamo.

Career 
Over the years she worked as a presenter and journalist on many shows on the RAI and Mediaset networks. Her first appearance as an actress was as Regina Sartori in the TV soap opera Vivere ("To live"). Her first appearance as a movie actress was in 2018 when she played the role of Angela Stefanelli in Un nemico che ti vuole bene ("An enemy who loves you”).

References

Other websites 
 

1968 births
Living people
People from Bergamo
Italian movie actors
Italian television presenters
James Francis Byrnes (; May 2, 1882 – April 9, 1972) was an American judge and politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was also the 104th Governor of South Carolina from 1951 through 1955. From 1945 through 1947, he was the United States Secretary of State during the Harry S. Truman presidency.

References

1882 births
1972 deaths
United States Supreme Court justices
Governors of South Carolina
United States senators from South Carolina
United States representatives from South Carolina
United States Secretaries of State
People from Charleston, South Carolina
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Obazoa is a clade (a group of plants or animals that share an ancestor). It is a Unikont. Unikonts are one of the five superkingdoms in the classification of eukaryotes.

The Obazoa is made up of Breviatea, Apusomonadida and Opisthokonta. It does not include Amoebozoa, because that is a different clade. The connections between opisthokonts, breviates and apusomonads are not well known yet. Probably the Breviatea are the most basic of the three groups. RNA phylogenies (evolution clues) do not give much evidence that Obazoa is a clade. This could still mean Obazoa is from a very old ancestor, and there are not many clues left (because of its age).

References 

Eukaryotes
Holozoa is a group of living things that includes animals, and some single-celled relatives of animals. It excludes fungi. Holozoa is also an old name for the tunicate genus Distaplia. 

Holozoa is a clade: a group of plants or animals with a common ancestor. It has all organisms close to animals.An example of a well-known holozoan is the choanoflagellate, which looks a lot like the cells of a sponge. Proterospongia'' is an example of a choanoflagellate that might give clues as to how sponges evolved.

Evolution 
The phylogenic tree (evolution tree) below shows how clades broke into newer clades. This includes Holozoa.

References 

Eukaryotes
Jane on her Own is the fourth book in a series of four American children's picture books written by Ursula K. Le Guin. S. D. Schindler made the pictures. Scholastic published the book in 1999. It tells the stories of kittens who were born with wings. 

American children's books
Books by Ursula K. Le Guin
1999 books
Wonderful Alexander and the Catwings is the third book in a series of four American children's picture books written by Ursula K. Le Guin. S. D. Schindler made the pictures. Scholastic published the book in 1994. It tells the stories of kittens who were born with wings. 

American children's books
Books by Ursula K. Le Guin
1994 books
Catwings Return is the second book in a series of four American children's picture books written by Ursula K. Le Guin. S. D. Schindler made the pictures. Scholastic published the book in 1989. It tells the stories of kittens who were born with wings. 

American children's books
Books by Ursula K. Le Guin
1989 books
Catwings is the first book in a series of four American children's picture books written by Ursula K. Le Guin. S. D. Schindler made the pictures. Scholastic published the book in 1988. It tells the stories of kittens who were born with wings. 

American children's books
Books by Ursula K. Le Guin
1988 books
Lawrence Sigmund Bittaker (September 27, 1940 – December 13, 2019) and Roy Lewis Norris (February 5, 1948 – February 24, 2020), also known as the Tool Box Killers, were American serial killers and rapists who kidnapped, raped, tortured, and killed five teenage girls in Southern California over a period of five months in 1979.

Bittaker was in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Norris was born in Greeley, Colorado.

Norris accepted a plea bargain whereby he agreed to testify against Bittaker and was sentenced to life imprisonment on May 7, 1980, with possibility of parole after serving 30 years. He was incarcerated at Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego County, California. He died there on February 24, 2020 at the age of 72.

Bittaker was sentenced to death and was imprisoned at San Quentin State Prison in Marin County, California. He died in prison on December 13, 2019 at the age of 79.
Bittaker and Norris became known as the "Tool Box Killers" due to the fact the majority of instruments used to torture and murder their victims, such as pliers, ice picks, and sledgehammers, were items normally stored inside a household toolbox.

References

1940 births
1948 births
2019 deaths
2020 deaths
Duos
American rapists
American serial killers
American people convicted of manslaughter
Criminals from California
People from Pittsburgh
People from Colorado
Yury Ivanovich Belyayev (; 2 April 1934 – 14 December 2019) was a Soviet football player and coach. He played in 111 matches for CSKA Moscow, scoring 52 goals. He was a member of the national team that won a gold medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

From 1974 to 1980, he coached in the Soviet Armed Forces.

In 1991, Belyayev was honored as a Merited Master of Sport by the Soviet Union.

On 14 December 2019, Belyayev died at the age of 85.

References

1934 births
2019 deaths
Russian footballers
Russian football managers
Sportspeople from Moscow
Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI bleed), also known as gastrointestinal hemorrhage, is all forms of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the rectum. 

When there is significant blood loss over a short time, symptoms may include vomiting red blood, vomiting black blood, bloody stool, or black stool.

Small amounts of bleeding over a long time may cause iron-deficiency anemia resulting in feeling tired or heart-related chest pain. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, shortness of breath, pale skin, or passing out.

Sometimes in those with small amounts of bleeding no symptoms may be present.

References

Medical emergencies
A puzzle globe (also called jigsaw globe, globe puzzle, puzzle ball, puzzle sphere or spherical puzzle) is a series of puzzle pieces that are a complete sphere or globe when put together. Puzzle globes usually have a substrate made of one piece that helps the puzzle pieces as they are put in place. In some puzzle globes, the substrate is made of steel and the puzzle pieces are magnetic, the magnetic attraction keeping pieces on the lower part of the sphere from falling off.

Like a two-dimensional jigsaw puzzle, a globe puzzle is often made of cardboard and the pieces put together make one layer. Most globe puzzles make things in the shape of a sphere, such as the Earth, the Moon, or historical globes of the Earth.

The logo of Wikipedia is a puzzle globe. It has characters from many different writing systems on it.

A jigsaw puzzle globe from the 1870s is in the collection of the Whipple Museum of the History of Science. It is a copy of an earlier one made in Germany.

References
References 

Puzzles
Three-dimensional shapes
Chuy Bravo (born Jesús Melgoza; December 7, 1956 – December 14, 2019) was a Mexican-American actor and comedian, best known as the sidekick of host Chelsea Handler on the talk show Chelsea Lately during its run from 2007 to 2014. He usually provided comedic relief to Handler's show, and was the topic of many of her jokes. He also appeared in some pornographic videos.

Bravo was born in Tangancícuaro, Michoacán, Mexico. He had dwarfism and was 4 feet 3 inches (130 cm) tall. Bravo died of a heart attack caused by gastrointestinal hemorrhage on December 14, 2019 in a Mexico City hospital at the age of 63.

References

Other websites
Other websites
 

1956 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Deaths from gastrointestinal hemorrhage
People with dwarfism
American movie actors
American television actors
American television personalities
American pornographic actors
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican comedians
Comedians from Los Angeles
Actors from Los Angeles
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Greeley is the city that is the county seat and the most populous municipality of Weld County, Colorado, United States. Greeley is in northern Colorado and is  north-northeast of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver.  

According to the 2020 U.S. Census, the population of the city is 108,795.

References

Cities in Colorado
County seats in Colorado
Bill Simpson (March 14, 1940 – December 16, 2019) was an American racecar driver and businessman. He was best known as a key figure in the racing safety business with his company Simpson Performance Products. He left Simpson Performance in a controversy surrounding Dale Earnhardt's death.

He was added into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2003. He was the author of the book Racing Safely, Living Dangerously, and its sequel, Through the Fire.

Simpson died of stroke-related problems in Indianapolis, Indiana on December 16, 2019 at the age of 79.

References

Other websites
Official website for Impact Race Products

1940 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American racecar drivers
American autobiographers
Sportspeople from Indianapolis
Businesspeople from Indianapolis
Writers from Indianapolis
Joanna Barnes  (November 15, 1934 – April 29, 2022) was an American actress, novelist and journalist. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Her best known roles include Gloria Upson in the movie Auntie Mame (1958), which earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination for New Star of the Year and as Jane in Tarzan, the Ape Man (1959).

Barnes died at her home in Sea Ranch, California on April 29, 2022 at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 Speaking of Stories: Joanna Barnes bio
 Golden Globes: Auntie Mame 

1934 births
2022 deaths
American columnists
American journalists
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Boston
Writers from Boston
Rebecca Roseanne Long-Bailey (born 22 September 1979) is a British Labour Party politician. She has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Salford and Eccles since the 2015 general election. 

She was the Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy in Jeremy Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet from February 2017 to April 2020, losing the position when Keir Starmer became the leader of the party.

In January 2020, Long-Bailey announced her candidacy for Leader of the Labour Party in the 2020 leadership election. She came in second place with 135,218 votes, representing 27.6% of the total overall votes. The winner of the election was Keir Starmer.
Long-Bailey became Shadow Secretary of State for Education in Keir Starmer's Shadow Cabinet in April 2020. Keir Starmer later sacked her from the Shadow Cabinet in June 2020, saying she shared an article containing an anti-Semitic conspiracy theory. The claim came from an article retweeted by Long-Bailey that was an interview with English actress and Labour supporter Maxine Peake in The Independent.  In one line of the article Peake said "The tactics used by the police in America, kneeling on George Floyd's neck, that was learnt from seminars with Israeli secret services." Long-Bailey said that she shared the article because of Peake's significant achievements "and because the thrust of her argument is to stay in the Labour Party" but she did not endorse "all aspects of it".

References

1979 births
Living people
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
UK MPs 2019–present
English Roman Catholics
British lawyers
Politicians from Greater Manchester
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Legislative elections for the 23rd Knesset was held in Israel on 2 March 2020. 

According to the relevant Basic Law, the elections were required to be held no later than the third Tuesday of the Hebrew month of Cheshvan four years after the previous elections, making the latest possible date 31 October 2023. 

However, due to the failed attempts to form a government by 11 December after the September elections, early elections were called, the third within a year.

On 20 April 2020, Benny Gantz and Benjamin Netanyahu announced that an agreement on a unity government had been reached following the election. The deal would involve both parties splitting power and Gantz and Netanyahu taking turns being prime minister. The deal says Gantz will be Vice Prime Minister until October 2021, by then he will become Prime Minister.

References

2020 elections in Asia
March 2020 events
2020
2020s in Israel
Blue and White ( Kaḥol Lavan) is a centrist and liberal political alliance in Israel.

Participating in the Netanyahu-Gantz Government and the Bennett-Lapid Government.

References

Political parties in Israel
Zionist parties
2010s establishments in Israel
2019 establishments in Asia
The New Right (, HaYamin HeHadash) is a right-wing political party in Israel, established in December 2018 by justice minister Ayelet Shaked and education minister Naftali Bennett.

Participating in the Bennett-Lapid Government.

References

Political parties in Israel
Zionist parties
2010s establishments in Israel
2018 establishments in Asia
Labor-Gesher is a joint list of the Israeli Israeli Labor Party and Gesher parties for elections for the twenty-second Knesset. The list is jointly headed by Amir Peretz of the Israeli Labor Party and Orly Levy of the Gesher party.

References

Former political parties in Israel
The Jewish Home-National Union is a parliamentary faction represented in the Knesset.

Leaders

References

Former political parties in Israel
The Democratic Union () is a left-wing political alliance in Israel formed between Meretz, Israel Democratic Party, Labor defector Stav Shaffir, and the Green Movement that ran in the September 2019 Israeli legislative election.

References

Former political parties in Israel
Amir Peretz (; born on 9 March 1952 in Boujad, Morocco) is an Israeli politician and trade unionist. He was the leader of the Labor Party, and as a member of the Knesset for the party.

In the 1980s he was mayor of Sderot.

A Knesset member almost continuously since 1988, he has also been Minister of Defence and Minister of Environmental Protection, as well as heading the Histadrut trade union federation between 1995 and 2006.

Since 17 May 2020 he has been minister of economy in the Fifth Netanyahu Government.

References

1952 births
Living people
Government ministers of Israel
HaAvoda politicians
Israeli political leaders
Israeli mayors
Israeli opposition leaders
Israeli trade unionists
Jewish Israeli politicians
Members of the Knesset
Moroccan Jews
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Moroccan politicians
Nitzan Horowitz (; born 24 February 1965) is an Israeli politician. He is the head of the Meretz party and the Democratic Union. He previously was the chief U.S. correspondent and commentator for the Israeli News Company, known as Channel 2 News. 

In 2013, he ran for mayor of Tel Aviv. Before being elected to the Knesset, he was the Foreign Affairs commentator and head of the International desk at Hadashot 10, the news division of Channel 10. 

In June 2019, he won the Meretz leadership election, and currently serves as leader of the party.

References

1965 births
Living people
Gay Jews
Israeli journalists
Israeli LGBT people
Israeli political leaders
Jewish Israeli politicians
LGBT journalists
LGBT politicians
Members of the Knesset
Meretz politicians
Rafael "Rafi" Peretz (; born 7 January 1956) is an Israeli Orthodox rabbi and politician. He was born in Jerusalem.

Peretz was a brigadier general who was the Chief Military Rabbi of the Israel Defense Forces. He is currently leader of the Jewish Home party and a member of the Knesset for the The Jewish Home–Tkuma alliance.

In 2019, he became Minister of Education in the Fourth Netanyahu Government. Since 17 May 2020 he has been minister of Jerusalem affairs in the Fifth Netanyahu Government.

From 2019 to 2021 Peretz was leader of The Jewish Home.

References

1956 births
Living people
Chief Military Rabbis of Israel
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli political leaders
Rabbis from Jerusalem‎
Members of the Knesset
Politicians from Jerusalem
Katherine Elaine Hendrix (born December 28, 1970) is an American actress, model, producer, singer, dancer, and activist. She is known for her roles in the 1998 remake of The Parent Trap, Inspector Gadget 2, and the 2004 documentary movie What the Bleep Do We Know!?. She was born in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

References

Other websites
 
 

1970 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Models from Tennessee
American movie producers
American activists
Actors from Tennessee
Singers from Tennessee
Brian Keith (born Robert Alba Keith, November 14, 1921 – June 24, 1997) was an American actor. His best known movie roles were in the Disney family movie The Parent Trap (1961), the comedy The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966), and the adventure saga The Wind and the Lion (1975).

References

1921 births
1997 deaths
Suicides by firearm in the United States
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New Jersey
People from Bayonne, New Jersey
Pokki is a free digital distribution platform and Windows Shell extension. It was made by SweetLabs, Inc. It gives computers running Windows a mobile app-like interface. It is available for Windows XP and later; the Windows 8 version takes over the Start screen to imitate a look and feel of the second generation Start menu in earlier versions of Windows.

Pokki is adware, according to Malwaretips.  Meanwhile, Sophos AV has said Pokki is "viruses and spyware".

History
Pokki first launched as a beta version in June 2011. Pokki's framework is built on Chromium, allowing developers to make desktop applications with normal internet languages, such as HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript.

In April 2012, Pokki launched the Pokki Store, a marketplace and app store for desktop apps for social networking services and social gaming apps. With the Pokki Store, users can browse, search, and download applications in various categories. Developers submit applications using the Pokki Developer Center.
In August 2012, Pokki finished being in the beta stage. It said it had 1 million monthly active users. It released the Pokki Menu, an app launcher for access, management, and discovery of its apps, and a notification center for real-time updates.

In October 2012, Pokki for Windows 8 was released as a free software download to bring back core things to the Windows Start menu that had been removed from Windows 8. It had about 1.5 million users as of January 2013.

References

Other websites
 
Microsoft Windows software
The Darkness of the Morning is a novel by Gordon Parker.  It was published in 1975.  The novel is about coal miners in 19th-century England.  It follows the lives of fictional coal miners and their families through the great strike of 1844, the Crimean War, and the Hartley Colliery disaster of 1862.  The book was widely and positively reviewed. In 1978, it was re-published in English with commentary in Russian for school reading.

References

1975 books
English novels
Marcus Rashford  (born 31 October 1997) is an English footballer. He plays as a forward for Manchester United and the England national team. Rashford has been with Manchester United since he was seven years old. He made his debut for the first team in 2016 in a game against Midtjylland. He scored two goals in that game, and two more in his next game against Arsenal. Rashford also scored in his first game for the England national team in May 2016.

Rashford also campaigns on issues of child food poverty and literacy in the UK. Rashford was awarded Member of the Order of the British Empire for his charity work. In addition, he was also awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Manchester.

Club career
Club career

Early life and career 
Marcus Rashford was born in Wythenshawe, a town in south Manchester. He started playing football at the age of five for Fletcher Moss Rangers. When he was seven, Rashford started at the pre-academy program at Manchester United. Rashford was playing with the Manchester United under-18 team when he got a call to the first-team.

Rashford has said that the Brazilian footballer Ronaldo was his idol growing up.

Manchester United first team
2015-16 season: debut 
Rashford was on the bench on 21 November 2015 when Manchester United won 2-1 against Watford. His first start was against Midtjylland in the UEFA Europa League. Anthony Martial was injured in the warm-up to that game, and Rashford replaced him in the starting team. Rashford scored two goals in the game and United won 5-1. Three days later, he started in the game vs Arsenal. In that game, he scored two more goals and provided an assist. United won 3-2. In the 2015-16 season, Rashford scored a total 8 goals in 18 appearances, and won the FA Cup.

2016-17 season 
Marcus Rashford took number 19 for the new season. Rashford won the EFL Cup with Manchester United in 2017. Rashford scored the crucial winning goal in the Europa League quarter-final. He also started in the Europa League final. Manchester United won 2-0 against Ajax to win the trophy. In total, Rashford scored 11 goals and made 6 assists in the 16/17 season.
2017-18 season 
Rashford scored against Basel in his UEFA Champions League debut on 12 September. With that goal, he had scored in his first appearances in six different competitions. He scored 13 goals in 52 appearances in the 2017-18 season.

2018-19 season 
Rashford got the number 10 shirt after Zlatan Ibrahimović left Manchester United. Rashford had a successful season, scoring 13 goals and assisting 9. Rashford helped Manchester United reach the quarterfinals of the UEFA Champions League. United defeated PSG in the process, with Rashford scoring the decisive goal.

2019-20 season 
The 2019-20 season was Rashford's best season by stats so far. In total, Rashford scored 22 goals including 17 in the Premier League. During the season, he struggled with a back injury. This limited his total game time.
2020-21 season 
Rashford scored 21 club goals in the 2020-21 season and made 15 assists. He enjoyed a particularly good goal-scoring run in the UEFA Champions League. In that competition, he has scored 6 goals in 6 appearances. Rashford was selected for England national team squad in Euro 2021.

Style of play 
Marcus Rashford plays either as a center forward or a wide forward. Rashford has said that he prefers playing as a left winger. Rashford uses his speed and dribbling to play direct football. These qualities make him more effective on the wings.
Personal life 
Rashford comes from a working class family; his mother is Melanie Maynard, a single parent who often had to work multiple jobs to feed their family, sometimes skipping meals herself to ensure Rashford and his siblings ate.In 2012, Rashford was invited to an England under-16 training camp, and was later selected to play in the Victory Shield against Northern Ireland under-16s in September, and Wales under-16s in October. Under-16's manager Kenny Swain later revealed that Rashford only played two appearances for the side due to an understanding with coaches at Manchester United regarding him being underdeveloped physically, and also thought the exposure would have been "too much" for him.
Despite having already made his senior tournament début, it was expected Rashford would be available for selection for the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, with the hopes of gaining more tournament experience. United manager José Mourinho responded to these reports by stating it would make no sense for his development as he was already playing senior football. In April 2017, Mourinho appeared to concede Rashford would attend the tournament, saying he had no right to stop him from participating, but later in the month reiterated his opinion that dropping down wouldn't make sense, with Rashford having gained so much senior experience throughout the season. In May, Rashford made the decision not to go to the tournament, and was instead selected for the senior squad by Southgate, the new manager
. Southgate praised the decisions taken by United coaching staff in helping maximise the potential of Rashford by not allowing him exposure at youth level for England, saying his development had been handled well by all parties.
Charity and activism 
Rashford has teamed up with poverty and food waste charity FareShare to provide meals to poor schoolchildren in the Greater Manchester area. Because of COVID-19 related lockdowns, schoolchildren were not receiving free school meals during this time. Eventually, the charity was able to raise enough money to reach four million children across the country. 

On 15 June 2020, Rashford wrote an open letter calling for the UK government to end child poverty. Bowing to the building pressure, the government extended free school meals for children during summer holidays. On 1 September, Rashford collaborated with multiple parties to create Child Food Poverty Task Force to help further this cause. In October, Rashford was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire.

References 

Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Volume 40, Number 28
1997 births
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Association football forwards
Black British sportspeople
English footballers
Living people
Manchester United F.C. players
Premier League players
Sportspeople from Manchester
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Santa Clara (Portuguese and Spanish for Saint Clare or Saint Clair) may refer to:

Places

Africa
 Santa-Clara (municipality) or Curoca, Angola
 Santa Clara, Gabon

Asia
 Santa Clara, Santa Maria, Philippines
 Santa Clara, Santo Tomas, Batangas, Philippines

Europe
 Santa Clara, Coimbra, Portugal
 Santa Clara (Lisbon), Portugal
 Santa Clara-a-Velha, Odemira, Portugal
 Santa Clara-a-Nova e Gomes Aires, Almodôvar, Portugal
 Santa Clara (Ponta Delgada), Azores
 Santa Clara Island (San Sebastian), Spain

North and Central America
 Santa Clara, Corozal District, Belize
 Santa Clara Province, Cuba
 Santa Clara, Cuba
 Santa Clara, Consolación del Sur, Cuba
 Santa Clara, San Vicente, El Salvador
 Santa Clara La Laguna, Guatemala
 Santa Clara, Chiriquí, Panama
 Santa Clara, Coclé, Panama
 Santa Clara, Panamá Oeste, Panama
 Santa Clara, Durango, Mexico
 Santa Clara del Cobre, Mexico
United States
 Santa Clara, California
 Santa Clara County, California
 Santa Clara station (California)
 Santa Clara Valley, better known as "Silicon Valley"
 Santa Clara Valley AVA, a wine region
 Santa Clara University
 Mission Santa Clara de Asís, origin of the city and county
 Santa Clara station (VTA), San Jose, California
 Santa Clara River (California), north of Los Angeles
 Santa Clara River Valley
 Santa Clara station (Metrorail), Allapattah, Miami, Florida
 Santa Clara, New Mexico
 Santa Clara Indian Reservation, New Mexico
 Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico
 Santa Clara, New York
 Santa Clara, Eugene, Oregon
 Santa Clara, Texas
 Santa Clara, Utah
 Santa Clara River (Utah)
 Santa Clara Volcano, Utah

South America
 Santa Clara, Jujuy, Argentina
 Santa Clara, La Rioja, Argentina
 Santa Clara do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
 Santa Clara d'Oeste, São Paulo, Brazil
 Santa Clara Island, Chile
Other uses
 Santa Clara (baseball club), a Cuban team from 1922 to 1941, known as the Leopards
 Niña, or Santa Clara, one of the three ships on Christopher Columbus's first voyage
 C.D. Santa Clara de El Salvador, a football club in Pasaquina, La Union
 C.D. Santa Clara, a football club in Santa Clara, Ponta Delgada, Azores
 , originally Santa Clara, a 15th-century ship
 The Santa Clara, a student newspaper of Santa Clara University, California
 Battle of Santa Clara, a 1958 conflict in Cuba

Related pages
 
 
 Saint Clair (disambiguation)
 Saint Clare (disambiguation)
 St. Claire (disambiguation)
 Santa Clarita (disambiguation)
The Floppotron is a musical instrument. It was made by Polish engineer Paweł Zadrożniak. It is made of a set of computer hardware that plays music together. The latest version, the Floppotron 2.0, has 64 floppy drives, eight hard drives, and two flatbed scanners.

Development

First version
The first version of the Floppotron was made in 2011. It is made of two floppy drives and an ATMega microcontroller. The sound is made by the magnetic head being moved by its stepper motor. The floppy drive's heads have be moved at the correct speed to make the correct sound.

The instrument became well known thanks to a video of the instrument on YouTube playing the Imperial March, which has more than 6 million views.
2.0 version
In 2016, Paweł Zadrożniak made a better version of the Floppotron, which has 64 floppy drives, 8 hard drives, and two flatbed scanners. Every column of eight floppy drives is controlled by an ATMega16 microcontroller, and the hard drives are controlled by two SMD MOSFETs that push and pull. The flatbed scanner head are controlled by Arduino Uno boards.

How it works
Any device that has an electric motor can make sound. Scanners and floppy drives use stepper motors to move the head with sensors that scan an image, or read or write, onto a magnetic disk. The faster the motor, the higher the pitch of the sound the motor makes. Hard disks use a magnet and a coil to tilt the head. When voltage is supplied for long enough, the head speeds up and hits the bound, which makes the "drum hit” sound.

The Floppotron makes MIDI music files into commands that tell each device when to buzz, click, or be silent.

Song covers
Song covers

As of April 2019, Paweł Zadrożniak's YouTube page shows more than one hundred songs played with the Floppotron. Some of those songs are Queen's "Bohemian Rapsody", Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit", White Stripes's "Seven Nation Army", Eurythmics' "Sweet Dreams" and Michael Jackson's "Thriller".

References

Other websites
 Inventor Paweł Zadrożniak home page

Musical instruments
Taree is a town on the Mid North Coast, New South Wales, Australia. Taree was colonized in 1831 by William Wynter. The name Taree is derived from "tareebit", a word from the native language Biripi word which means tree by the river, or more specifically, the Sandpaper Fig (Ficus coronata). According to the Australian census, the estimated population in the locality in the year 2016 is 16,197 people.

References 

Towns in New South Wales
macOS Sierra (version 10.12) is the thirteenth major release of macOS (previously  from 2001 to 2012 and  from 2012 to 2016), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh. It was the first version of the operating system issued under the June 2016 renaming as macOS. Sierra is named after the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California and Nevada.

References

MacOS
Most games will be 2D or 2.5D. Other games will be 3D games the company thinks are easy to play and learn. The company helps studios make games for the console with whatever the studios need. All games will have features they will only have on the console. All games will be rated E (Everyone) or E10+ (Everyone 10+) by the ESRB, or PEGI 3 or PEGI 7 by PEGI. Intellivision Entertainment plan to release new games, motion control games, card games and other tabletop games, educational games, and updated classic video games, such as some Intellivision games, some from Imagic, and Atari and arcade games, of which Moon Patrol and BurgerTime will come out at about the same time as the console. Some Intellivision compilations will have licenses from third-parties, such as Tron: Deadly Discs. Games can be downloaded for $9.99 or less when the console comes out, later a higher amount less than $40, or from an RFID card for US$20 to US$30
. All games can be played by one player or, because the goal of the system is to go back to family gaming and co-op with people in the same place because the company thinks modern gaming and web-based multiplayer has gone away from that, up to eight players locally. Online multiplayer is planned for a later date.
History

Development
In May 2018, Tommy Tallarico said he planned to make a new Intellivision console, and made a new company, Intellivision Entertainment, becoming the president of it. Intellivision Productions started to name itself Blue Sky Rangers Inc. instead, and Intellivision Entertainment got the video game things they owned instead.

At the Portland Retro Gaming Expo in October 2018, the Intellivision Amico was officially revealed, such as its name, and the fact it would come out on October 10, 2020. Developer kits were expected to go out in Summer 2019.
In May 2019, Intellivision Entertainment announced its first major game exclusive to the console, a third official Earthworm Jim game, and that it got ten people who helped to work on the original Earthworm Jim team to work on it, all for Earthworm Jim's 25th anniversary. In June 2019, the Intellivision Amico could first be used in secret at E3 2019, allowing people with influence in the video game industry to play games in development on consoles, and try using the official mobile app that allowed mobile phones to be controllers for the console.

At Gamescom in Cologne, Germany in August 2019, Tommy Tallarico showed a trailer with footage of video games running on the Intellivision Amico to the public for the first time. In October 2019, Tommy Tallarico came to Insomnia Dubai, a gaming convention held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, to say they set up an office in Dubai to make the Intellivision Amico come out in the MENA region on October 10, 2020, the same day as in North America and Europe.

Hardware
Hardware

Console

The console has Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, RFID, HDMI out, an SD card slot, and three USB ports. Two of those USB ports can be used for charging, and the remaining USB port allows the console to store more data. There is a LED ambient lighting system built into the body that can change pattern and color in response to gameplay. This system is known as Interactive Guidance Lighting. This feature is intended to make playing games on the console "fun and memorable" while also helping guide players in an interactive way.

Controller
Controller

The Intellivision Amico comes with two controllers. They can charge wirelessly when they are placed into their cradle, which is on top of the console, charge using a wired USB-C connection, or charge in both ways at the same time. They have Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, RFID, speakers, a microphone, an accelerometer, force feedback and a gyroscope. They also have a  full-color touch screen, four big shoulder buttons, a home button and a 64-way pressure-sensitive directional disc with a ring of LEDs all around it. The controllers come with wrist straps so they do not fly away during game action if they are not held in a secure way. Up to six more controllers can connect to the Intellivision Amico. A smartphone running a free controller smartphone app can be used instead of an Amico controller.

Games
Tommy Tallarico, who is the president of Intellivision Entertainment, has said the games that will be available for the Intellivision Amico will be about 20% updated and re-imagined versions of classic video games, 20% original new games, 20% sports and recreation, 20% board games, dice games, card games, word games and puzzle games, and 20% educational games. All games will be both single player and multiplayer, with some games allowing up to eight players to play the game at the same time using controllers and/or mobile phones. Some games will have motion controls, using the accelerometer and gyroscope of the controller. Some games will have the Karma Gaming Engine, a feature that is intended to give players of all skill levels a fair level of competition against each other by always changing the difficulty for players based on how well they are doing in the game. Five games will come with the Intellivision Amico, and it will have about forty more games available when it comes out
. Five of the six included games have been announced to be Skiing,  Astrosmash, Shark! Shark!, Cornhole, and Farkle.
These games have been announced to come out for the Intellivision Amico:

 The name is not official, and might change.

[This table is lacking citations for many of its entries]

Operating system
The Intellivision Amico runs an operating system that is based on Android and Linux only made by the company. In an interview with GamesBeat, Tommy Tallarico said the operating system is "very solid", but "very flexible", saying Linux is the "flexible" part and Android is the "solid" part.

References

Other websites
 Official website

Video game consoles
Gena Turgel (née Goldfinger; 1 February 1923 – 7 June 2018) was a Jewish Polish author, educator, and Holocaust survivor.

Her memoir, I Light a Candle, was published in 1987. She spent much of her life educating British school pupils about the Holocaust.

References

Holocaust survivors
1923 births
2018 deaths
Polish educators
Writers from Kraków
Panagiotis "Taki" Theodoracopulos (; , ; born 11 August 1936) is a Greek journalist and writer. Theodoracopulos's column "High Life" has appeared in The Spectator since 1977, where he wrote a series of controversial articles. Some of his articles have been edited by Boris Johnson.

In 2002, Theodoracopulos founded The American Conservative magazine with Pat Buchanan and Scott McConnell. He was also the publisher of the British magazine Right Now!.

He lives in New York City, London and Gstaad, Switzerland.

References

Other websites
 Taki's Magazine
 

1936 births
Living people
Greek journalists
Greek writers
Professor Anthony Smith CBE (14 March 1938 – 28 November 2021) was a British broadcaster, author and academic. He was President of Magdalen College, Oxford, between 1988 and 2005. He worked for the Annan Committee on The Future of Broadcasting, and became engaged in the national debate which led to the foundation of the UK's Channel 4.

Smith died on 28 November 2021 in London from renal failure, aged 83.

References

1938 births
2021 deaths
Academics of the University of Oxford
Writers from London
Robert Maurice Lipson Winston, Baron Winston  (born 15 July 1940) is a British professor, medical doctor, scientist, television presenter and Labour Party politician. In December 1995, he became Member of the House of Lords. He was born in London.

References

Other websites
President of the BA, Biography at the British Association
Another biography at the BA
Age of the Sage: Robert Winston

1940 births
Living people
English television presenters
English physicians
Academics of Imperial College London
Politicians from London
Scientists from London
Sir Peregrine Gerard Worsthorne (22 December 1923 – 3 October 2020) was a British journalist, writer and broadcaster. Worsthorne spent the largest part of his career at the Telegraph newspaper titles, eventually becoming editor of The Sunday Telegraph for several years. He left the newspaper in 1997.

Worsthorne died on 3 October 2020 at his home in Buckinghamshire, aged 96.
Writings
Mary Wilson (et al.) (1977) The Queen, Penguin [contributor]
Peregrine Worsthorne (1958) Dare democracy disengage?, Conservative Political Centre [pamphlet]
Peregrine Worsthorne (1971) The Socialist Myth, Cassell
Peregrine Worsthorne (1973) Edwina Sandys, Crane Kalman Gallery [exhibition catalogue introduction]
Peregrine Worsthorne (1980) Peregrinations: Selected pieces by Peregrine Worsthorne, Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Peregrine Worsthorne (1987) By the Right, Brophy Educational [selections from his Sunday Telegraph columns]
Peregrine Worsthorne (1988) The politics of manners and the uses of inequality: Autumn address, Centre for Policy Studies [pamphlet]
Peregrine Worsthorne (2004) In Defence of Aristocracy Harper Collins [published in paperback as Democracy Needs Aristocracy Perennial 2005]

References

Other websites
 KPIX-TV 1962 San Francisco interview of Worsthorne about U.S. political conventions.

1923 births
2020 deaths
English journalists
Writers from London
Paul Oestreicher (born 29 September 1931) is a German Anglican priest, Quaker, peace and human rights activist. He was born in Meiningen, Germany. He was a member of the General Synod of the Church of England from 1970-81 and 1995-97. From 1981 to 1985 he was Director of the Division of International Affairs of the British Council of Churches. He was a known critic of apartheid and the 1986 United States bombing of Libya.

References

1931 births
Living people
German critics
German political activists
Lewis Wolpert CBE FRS FRSL FMedSci (19 October 1929 – 28 January 2021) was a South African-born British developmental biologist, author, and broadcaster. Wolpert was known for his work on the intracellular positional information that guides cellular development.

Wolpert died at a hospital in London on 28 January 2021 from COVID-19, aged 91.

Publications

 Paperback  First published 1992 by Faber & Faber, London.

References

1929 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
South African scientists
South African writers
British biologists
Scientists from London
Writers from London
2builders2tools (2b2t) is one of the oldest and most notorious Minecraft multiplayer game servers. It was founded in December 2010 by an unknown owner known online as Hausemaster.

2b2t is an Minecraft Java Edition 1.20 server that operates on a map without any resets since its creation. The server's spawn area is notoriously damaged, reflecting its chaotic nature and lack of rules. Cheating, griefing, violence, and racism are common occurrences on 2b2t. The server gained popularity due to its anarchic and unpredictable nature.

As of October 2023, 2b2t is over 23,000 gigabytes in size and has had more than 821,220 unique players. The server has gained significant attention on YouTube, with numerous videos about it amassing millions of views.
History
The Minecraft server 2b2t.org was founded in 2010 by an unknown owner, known online as Hausemaster. It was advertised on 4chan and Reddit. Members from different forums launched raids against each other and their work. YouTuber TheCampingRusher uploaded a YouTube video on June 1, 2016, where he played on 2b2t. This caused a conflict on the server known as "The Rusher War".  A queue to enter the server was soon added due to the massive influx of new players caused by the video's popularity. Players can also pay $20 to access a separate priority queue for a month.

Since its creation, the server gained attention from the news. Articles were created about 2b2t on Kotaku, Vice, IGN, Newsweek and The Independent. In the book Master Builder 3.0 Advanced, in April 2015, 2b2t was described as crazy, that it can get "outright wild," and that the server is a "nightmare wasteland." The book also stated that it is known as "online royalty" among Minecraft servers.

Other websites
Official Reddit page
References

Minecraft
Fay Weldon  (born Franklin Birkinshaw; 22 September 1931 – 4 January 2023) was a British author, essayist and playwright. Weldon's most known work is her novel The Life and Loves of a She-Devil (1983), which she wrote at the age of 52.

Weldon was born in Birmingham. She lived in New Zealand until the age of 15. She was married three times and had four children.

Weldon died on 4 January 2023, at the age of 91.

References

Other websites

Official website 

1931 births
2023 deaths
English playwrights
English novelists
English essayists
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Writers from Birmingham
James Haynes (10 November 1933 – 6 January 2021) was a British sociologist and writer. He was a former figure in the British "underground" and alternative/counter-culture scene of the 1960s. He was the founder of Edinburgh's Traverse Theatre, the paper International Times and the London Arts Lab in Drury Lane.

Haynes died on 6 January 2021 at his home in Paris, aged 87.

References

1933 births
2021 deaths
British sociologists
Writers from London
Jerome Laurence Singer (February 6, 1924 – December 14, 2019) was an American psychologist. He was the Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the Yale School of Medicine. He was a fellow of the American Psychological Association, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the New York Academy of Sciences. He was known as "the father of daydreaming" due to his works about daydreaming.

Singer was born in New York City. He studied at the University of Pennsylvania. Singer died on December 14, 2019 at a hospital in New Haven, Connecticut at the age of 95.

References

1924 births
2019 deaths
American psychologists
Writers from New York City
Scientists from New York City