Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Sweet William a Eurasian pink widely grown for its clusters of small bright-coloured flowers. Biennial to perennial plant belonging to the pink family, native to southern Europe. It is grown for its fragrant red, white, and pink flowers.
Georg Friedrich Händel composed “See the Conquering Hero Comes” in honour of the victorious Duke of Cumberland. The flower sweet William was named after the latter in England.

Web sites

 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Dianthus
sweet William, or bunch pink, or Dianthus barbatus, or sour Billy, or stinking Willie (plant)
Flora of China
Flora of the British Isles

Caryophyllaceae
Cheaha Mountain, often called Mount Cheaha, is the tallest point in the State of Alabama. It is 2,407 feet (734 meters) tall. Mount Cheaha is a quartzite rock mountain. Mount Cheaha is the southeasternmost point of the Appalachian Mountains.

Mount Cheaha is protected in Cheaha State Park. The nearest city to Mount Cheaha is Talladega.

Mountains of the United States
Geography of Alabama
Appalachian Mountains
Pago Pago is a village in American Samoa. It is the capital of the country but not the seat of government. In 2000, 11,500 people lived there.

References

Cities in Oceania
United States capital cities
Settlements in American Samoa
Fagatogo is the seat of government in American Samoa, but not its capital city, which is Pago Pago.

The population of Fagatogo is about 3,000.

Cities in Oceania
Settlements in American Samoa
In design planform or plan view is a vertical orthographic projection of an object on a horizontal plane, like a map.

In aviation, a planform is the shape and layout of an airplane's wing. Of all the myriad planforms used, they can typically be grouped into those used for low-speed flight, found on general aviation aircraft, and those used for 
high-speed flight, found on many military aircraft and airliners.

Gallery

Related pages
Wing

Engineering
Aerospace engineering
Charlotte Amalie is the capital and largest city of the United States Virgin Islands. It has about 20,000 people. The city is on the island of Saint Thomas.

United States capital cities
United States Virgin Islands
Olinda Castielle born Olinda Borggren is a Swedish TV personality who was a contestant on the American reality show Joe Millionaire and the first season of the Swedish version of Paradise Hotel.

TV shows 
Paradise Hotel (Swedish Edition)
Paradise Hotel Extra (season 1 as a guest)
Paradise Hotel Extra (season 2 as a host)
Joe Millionaire
The OP Tour
Little Italy

Other websites 
Olinda and Patrick official web site, Oplounge.
Paradise Hotel  - tv4.se
About Olinda on Joe Millionaire  - tvrules.net
Little Italy  - tv4.se

1982 births
Living people
A plan view is an orthographic projection of a 3-dimensional object from the position of a horizontal plane through the object. In other words, a plan is a section viewed from the top. In such views, the portion of the object above the plane is omitted to reveal what lies beyond. In the case of a floor plan, the roof and upper part of the walls may be left out. Basically, a plan view is just another name for the top view of a 3D object.

Architecture
A floor plan (floorplan) in architecture and building engineering is a diagram, usually to scale, of the relationships between rooms, spaces and other physical features at one level of a structure.

Similar to a map the orientation of the view is downward from above.

Examples

Related pages

Building
Floor
Plans (drawings)

Architecture
Hagåtña is the capital city of Guam. About 1050 people live there. The city has an area of about .

Guam
United States capital cities
Cities in Oceania
Plans are a set of two-dimensional diagrams or drawings used to describe a place or object, or to communicate building or fabrication instructions. Usually plans are drawn or printed on paper, but they can take the form of a digital file.

Views and Projections
Because plans represent three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional plane, the use of views or Graphical projections is crucial the reading of plans.

There are several projection types:
 Orthographic projection, including:
 Plan view or floor plan view
 Elevation, usually a 'head-on' view of an exterior
 Section, a cutaway view of the interior
 Axonometric projection, including:
 Isometric projection
 Dimetric projection
 Trimetric projection
 Oblique projection, and
 Perspective projection

Related pages
 Floor plan

Engineering
Dededo is the largest city in Guam.  Dededo has a population of about 47,000 people.  Dededo has an area of about 30 miles.

References

Other websites
 Official Site of Dededo

Guam
Cities in Oceania
Cities in the United States
Albertville is the largest city in Marshall County, Alabama. Albertville had a population of 22,386 people in 2020. It has an area of about 27 miles, and a height of 1,024 feet. Other cities in Marshall County include Arab.

References

Cities in Alabama
Besenbüren is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities in Muri
Bettwil is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Muri
Biberstein is a municipality of the district Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Aargau District
Arab is a city in Marshall County, Alabama. Arab had a population of 8,461 people in 2020. It has an area of about  and a height of  above sea level. Other cities in Marshall County include Albertville.

References

Cities in Alabama
Abbeville is a city in the state of Alabama, in the United States. It is the county seat of Henry County. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2020, 2,358 people lived in Abbeville.

The government of Abbeville is a mayor and a city council. The city council is made up of five people. Each city councilperson is elected from one of five districts in the city.

Location 
The coordinates for Abbeville are:  (31.566367, -85.251300). According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the size of the city is . This includes  of land and 
 of water.

History 
Abbeville was a colonial town. It is the oldest still standing colonial settlement in eastern Alabama. It's older than Henry County and the State of Alabama. The city was named after a Muscogee Indian man named "Abbe." He was a Native American who lived nearby when the city was started. The name means "a grove of dogwood trees."
In 1819, there was a trading post in Abbeville. (A trading post is a small settlement that has been set up for trading. Trading posts are usually located in remote places.) At this time, the area was part of Alabama Territory.

In 1944, there was a famous civil rights event that happened in Abbeville. An African-American woman was gang-raped by six white men. The men told the police that they had raped her. Two grand juries decided not to take them to court. Because of this, the men were never punished. This event was written about in the book At the Dark End of the Street.

By 1950, there were 2,162 people living in Abbeville.

Demographics 
In 2020, Abbeville had 2,358 people living there. It was 49.4% white, 44.1% black or African-American, 0.2% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 2.2% other races, and 3.5% mixed race. Of the people in Abbeville, 2.8% were Hispanic or Latino.

Sources 

County seats in Alabama
Cities in Alabama
Birmenstorf is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Official homepage of the municipality of Birmenstorf
Homepage of the viticulture cooperative

Municipalities in Baden District, Aargau
Birmenstorf is the name of a municipality in Switzerland and in the canton Aargau:
 Birmenstorf, Aargau
It should not be confused with the Birmensdorf in canton Zürich:
 Birmensdorf, Zürich
Birr is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Brugg
Birmensdorf is a municipality of the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Birmensdorf Online Official website 

Municipalities in Dietikon
Lake Zürich is a lake in Switzerland, that goes southeast of the city Zürich.

References

Other websites 
 Zürichsee Schifffahrtsgesellschaft  -- Boat schedules, mainly non-English.
 Zürichsee-Fähre Horgen-Meilen -- Ferry schedules, in German.
 Waterlevels Lake Zürich  at Zürich

Lakes of Switzerland
Canton of Zürich
Canton of St. Gallen
Canton of Schwyz
Birrhard is a municipality in Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Birrhard

Municipalities in Brugg
Birrwil is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

It is on the western shore of Lake Hallwil.

References

Other websites

 Official Website of Birrwil

Municipalities in Kulm
Lake Hallwil (German: Hallwilersee) is a lake in the Canton of Aargau, Switzerland.  Its surface maximum depth is 48 meters.

Other websites 

Waterlevels of Lake Hallwil  at Meisterschwanden

Lakes of Switzerland
Aargau
Unterendingen was a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014, the former municipality of Unterendingen merged into the municipality of Endingen.

Other websites

Former municipalities of Aargau
Böbikon is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.  It is  south of the border with Germany.

References

Other websites

  Official Website of Böbikon

Municipalities in Zurzach
Boniswil is a municipality in Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official site of Boniswil 

Municipalities in Lenzburg
Boswil is a municipality in Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Muri
Zuzgen is a municipality in Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Rheinfelden
Bottenwil is a municipality of the district Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Zofingen
Böttstein is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Population

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities in Zurzach
Bad Zurzach is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It is the seat of the district.  Bad Zurzach was known as Zurzach.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Zurzach
Spa towns in Switzerland
Cities in Switzerland
Bözen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Brugg
Bozen means one than more thing:

Bozen, the German name for the city Bolzano in Italy.
Bözen, a municipality in Switzerland.
Zufikon is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Bremgarten
The Dominican Republic (Spanish: República Dominicana) is a country in the Caribbean. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of Hispaniola; Haiti occupies the western three-eighths of the island. The land border between these two countries is 388 km long.

The country has a total area of 48,671 km²; the part on the Hispaniola has an area of 48,215 km² and the small Dominican islands have an area of 159 km². The maximum length, east to west, is 390 km from Punta de Agua to Las Lajas, on the border with Haiti. The maximum width, north to south, is 265 km from Cape Isabela to Cape Beata.

The limits of the country are Haiti to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south. Puerto Rico is to the southeast separated by the Mona Channel, of about 130 km wide. The capital, Santo Domingo, is located on the south coast.
Climate
The country has a tropical climate but modified by elevation and the trade winds (winds that come from the northeast, from the Atlantic Ocean), which blow from the Atlantic all year long. The average yearly temperature is 25 °C with small changes from one season to another; the average temperatures change from one region to another, from 21 °C in the centre of the Cordillera Central to as high as 28 °C on the coastal plains. Temperatures very few times get above 32 °C; temperatures get below 0 °C only in the highest mountains in winter. The average temperature in Santo Domingo in January is 25 °C and 30 °C in July.

The rain season is from May to November. The average yearly rainfall is 1,346 mm, with extremes of 2,500 mm or more in the northeastern mountains and 500 mm in the southwestern valleys. The western valleys, along the Haitian border, remain relatively dry, with less than 760 mm of annual precipitation. The northwestern and southeastern extremes of the country are also very dry.
From June to November (mainly from August to October), tropical storms and hurricanes are frequent and can do much damage in the country.

Islands 
There are several smaller islands and cays that are part of the Dominican Republic. The largest islands are:
Saona, close to the southeastern coast of the Hispaniola, in the Caribbean Sea. It has an area of 117 km². Its Taíno name was Iai  or Adamanay. Columbus named this island as Savona after the Italian city of the same name but the use during years has eliminated the letter v.
Beata, in the southern coast of the Hispaniola, in the Caribbean Sea. It has an area of 27 km². Nobody knows its Taíno name. Columbus named this island as Madama Beata.
Catalina, very close to the southeastern coast of the Hispaniola, in the Caribbean Sea. It has an area of 9.6 km². Its Taíno name was Iabanea but some writers, including poets, say that it was called Toeya or Toella. It was discovered by Columbus who named it as Santa Catalina.
Some of the cays are Cayos Siete Hermanos (in English, "Seven Brothers Cays"), close to the northwestern coast, and the cays of Samaná Bay.

Mountains and Valleys 

The Dominican Republic is a country with many mountains; the highest peaks of the Caribbean are found here. The chains of mountains show a direction northwest-southeast and they are separated by valleys with the same general direction.
From north to south, the mountain ranges and valleys are:
 Cordillera Septentrional (in English, "Northern Range"). It runs parallel to the north coast, with extensions to the northwest, the Tortuga Island north of Haiti, and to the southeast, the Samaná Peninsula (with its Sierra de Samaná). Its highest mountain is Diego de Ocampo, close to the city of Santiago, with 1,249 m. There are several small plains between this range and the Atlantic Ocean. Rivers are short and most of them flow to the north.
 The Cibao Valley is the largest and most important valley of the country. This long valley goes from Northern Haiti, where is called Plaine du Nord, to Samaná Bay. It can be divided in two parts: the northwestern part is the Yaque del Norte Valley (or Línea Noroeste) and the eastern Yuna Valley (or Vega Real, English: Royal Valley). The Vega Real has the best soils of the country; the population density is high.
The Cordillera Central (in English, "Central Range") is also called Sierra del Cibao and in Haiti as the Massif du Nord ("Northern Massif"). With its high mountains, it divides the country in two halves. The highest mountains of the West Indies are in this range: Pico Duarte, 3,098 m, and others above 3,000 m. Near the center of the island, this range turns southward and is called Sierra de Ocoa, ending near the city of Azua de Compostela, on the Caribbean coast. Another branch, Cordillera Oriental (in English, "Eastern Range") or Sierra del Seibo is separated from the main chain by the region known as Los Haitises; it has a west-east direction and is located south of Samaná Bay.
The San Juan Valley and Plain of Azua are big valleys south of the Cordillera Central with altitude from 0 to 600 m.
 The Sierra de Neiba; Mount Neiba is the highest mountain here with 2,279 m. An extension to the southeast of Sierra de Neiba is the Sierra Martín García (Loma Busú, 1,350 m).
 The Hoya de Enriquillo or Neiba Valley is a remarkable valley, with a west-east direction, of low altitude (on average 50 m with some points below sea level) and with a great salt lake: the Enriquillo Lake.
 The Sierra de Bahoruco, called Massif de la Selle in Haiti. This southern group of mountains have a geology very different to the rest of the island.
 Llano Costero del Caribe (in English, "Caribbean Coastal Plain") is in the southeast of the island (and of the Dominican Republic). It is a large prairie east of Santo Domingo.
Rivers and Lakes 
The 8 longest rivers of the Dominican Republic are:
 Yaque del Norte is the longest river of the Dominican Republic, with 296 km. Its sources are in the Cordillera Central and flows through the Yaque del Norte Valley to the Atlantic Ocean. Its watershed has an area of 7,044 km².
 Yuna. It is 209 km long. Its sources are in the Cordillera Central and flows to the east through the Vega Real and to Samaná Bay. Its watershed has an area of 5,498 km².
 Yaque del Sur. It is 183 km long and its sources are in the Cordillera Central. It flows to the south into the Caribbean Sea. Its watershed has an area of 4,972 km².
 Ozama. It is 148 km long. Its sources are in Sierra de Yamasá (a branch of the Cordillera Central). It flows into the Caribbean Sea. Its watershed has an area of 2,685 km². The city of Santo Domingo is on both sides of this river.
 Camú. It is 137 km long. Its sources are in the Cordillera Central and flows into the Yuna River. Its watershed has 2,655 km².
Nizao. It is 133 km long. Its sources are in the Cordillera Central and flows to the south into the Caribbean Sea. Its watershed has an area of 974 km².
 San Juan. It is 121 km long. Its sources are in the Cordillera Central and flows to the south through the San Juan Valley; it is the main tributary of the Yaque del Sur River. Its watershed has an area of 2,005 km².
 Mao. It is 105 km long. Its sources are in the Cordillera Central and flows to the north into the Yaque del Norte River. Its watershed has an area of 864 km².
The Artibonite River is the longest river of the island but only 68 km are in the Dominican Republic.

The largest lake of the Hispaniola, and of the Caribbean, is the Lake Enriquillo. It is in the Hoya de Enriquillo with an area of 265 km². There are three small islands within the lake. It is around 40 meters below sea level and is a saline lake with a higher concentration of salt than the sea water.

Others lakes are Rincón (fresh water, area of 28.2 km²), Oviedo (brackish water, area of 28 km²), Redonda, Limón.

References
Arbedo-Castione is a municipality of the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Bellinzona
Zofingen is a city in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It is the capital of the district of Zofingen.

References

Other websites 

 http://www.zofingen.ch
 http://www.zofingen2008.ch 
 http://www.siegfried.ch

Municipalities in Zofingen
Cities in Switzerland
Arogno is a municipality of the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino.

References

Other websites 

 Arogno.ch Official web site 

Municipalities in Lugano
Aarwangen is a municipality of the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Official Website of Aarwangen
Bern: Schloss Aarwangen - Le château de Aarwangen (in French but with stunning photos)

Municipalities in Oberaargau
Adelboden is a municipality of the administrative district of Frutigen-Niedersimmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

The municipality of Adelboden official website 
Adelboden tourism 
Adelboden tourism  
Vogellisi-Festival  

Municipalities in Frutigen-Niedersimmental
Adelboden is a municipality in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

Other places named Adelboden:
 Adelboden, Lucerne in Switzerland
 Adelbonen, Schwyz in Switzerland
Aefligen is a municipality of the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities in Emmental
Aegerten is a municipality of the administrative district of Biel/Bienne of the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  
Official statistics for Swiss municipalities 

Municipalities in Biel/Bienne
Aeschi bei Spiez is a municipality of the administrative district of Frutigen-Niedersimmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities in Frutigen-Niedersimmental
107 Camilla is one of the biggest main belt asteroids. It orbits within the Cybele Group, beyond most of the main belt asteroids. It has a very dark surface and is made of carbonate. It was found by N. R. Pogson on November 17, 1868, and named after Camilla, Queen of the Volsci in Roman mythology.

Study of its light curve shows that Camilla's pole probably points towards ecliptic coordinates (β, λ) = (+51°, 72°) with a 10° uncertainty, which gives it an axial tilt of 29°.

Moon (S/2001 (107) I) 

On March 1, 2001, a moon of Camilla was found by A. Storrs, F. Vilas, R. Landis, E. Wells, C. Woods, B. Zellner, and M. Gaffey using the Hubble Space Telescope. It has been labelled S/2001 (107) 1 but it does not yet have an official name.
Later sightings in September 2005 with the VLT allowed scientists to work out its orbit. Apart from data in infobox, the inclination was found to be 3 ± 1° with respect to an axis pointing towards (β, λ) = (+55°, 75°). Given the ~10° uncertainty in the actual rotational axis of Camilla, the orbit's inclination probably is less than 10°.

The moon is estimated to be about 11 km in diameter. If it has the same density as Camilla, this would give it a mass of about ~1.5 kg. It has a similar colour to Camilla.

References

Other websites 
 Data on (87) Sylvia from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)
 Hubble Finds New Asteroid Moon (SpaceDaily.com, 21-03-2001), includes discovery image.
 107 Camilla and S/2001 (107) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes orbit diagrams.

Asteroids
(born 14 September 1985 in Nerima, Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese actress, idol and singer. 

She became famous when she won the jury's special award in the "Japan Bishojo Contest", a beauty and talent competition.  Her first single was Pureness.

Other websites
Aya Ueto Wallpapers,Photos,Pictures

Actors from Tokyo
J-pop
Singers from Tokyo
1985 births
Living people
Chitose Hajime (元ちとせ Hajime Chitose) is a singer from Japan. She is from Amami Ōshima and sings in a style particular to that region, with distinctive falsetto effects. Because of this, it is said that her voice has a relaxing effect that has been observed in electroencephalograms taken from the brains of people listening to her singing.

Chitose Hajime was recognized as a gifted folk singer at a young age. She won many folk song competitions, released two traditional folk albums on an indie label, and was approached by many record labels. She decided to study to become a beautician instead of pursuing music. However, Hajime had severe allergic reactions to many of the chemicals used by beauticians. She withdrew from school, and seriously considered a music career.
In 2001, she released a self-titled mini-album on the indie label Office Augusta. The album was covers of older songs, but was so well received that Hajime was pushed to release another mini-album. In August 2001, Chitose released her second mini-album with Augusta Records entitled Kotonoha ( コトノハ, Kotonoha) . This release featured 5 original tracks. 

In 2002 she released her first major label single on Epic Records - "Wadatsumi no Ki" ( ワダツミの木, "Wadatsumi no Ki") . It was the third highest selling single of the year behind only Hikaru Utada 's " traveling ", and Ayumi Hamasaki 's " H ". Three months later, she released a brand new single, "Kimi wo Omō" ( 君ヲ想フ, "Kimi wo Omō") . While also very popular, it was not nearly the success that her first single was, although it did help to cement her as a permanent artist. 

Her first major album, Hainumikaze ( ハイヌミカゼ, Hainumikaze), followed later in the year. It sold 800,000 copies, charted for 57 weeks, and was the 16th highest selling album of the year.
She returned to the music industry in November 2005 with the single "Kataritsugu Koto" ( 語り継ぐこと, "Kataritsugu Koto"), the ending theme for the anime BLOOD+ . The single was a hit, reaching #12 on the Oricon charts. She followed this success with her next come-back single, "Haru no Katami" ( 春のかたみ, "Haru no Katami"), the ending theme for the anime AYAKASHI - Japanese Classic Horror . This single sold 6050 copies in its first week, and remained on the charts for 7 weeks total. A third single was released before her next album. The single, "Ao no Requiem" ( 青のレクイエム, "Ao no Requiem"), was the theme song for the Studio GAGA film Hatsukoi . It featured 1 extra track, and charted for 3 weeks. The following week, Hajime released her third original major album, Hanadairo ( ハナダイロ, Hanadairo) . The album was available in both a regular edition, and a limited edition
. The limited edition featured a 13th track, "Shinda Onna no Ko" ( 死んだ女の子, "Shinda Onna no Ko") with Ryuichi Sakamoto, as well as a DVD containing the music videos for "Kataritsugu Koto", and "Haru no Katami".
Japanese singers
1979 births
Living people
People from Kagoshima Prefecture
Felicity means happiness. It can also mean:

 Felicity, a television series
 Felicity (1979 movie)
 Felicity: An American Girl Adventure, a 2005 TV movie
 Felicity (name)
 Felicity Flint, Agent from H.A.R.M.
 Felicity Huffman, American actress best known from the TV series "Desperate Housewives"
 Felicity Kendal (born 1946), British actress 
 Saint Felicity of Rome, 2nd century Christian martyr

In addition, it can refer to:
 Santa Felicita di Firenze, the second-oldest church in Florence
Felicity and Perpetua, martyrs.
 SS. Felicitas and Perpetua (parish), in the San Gabriel Pastoral Region, California.
 109 Felicitas, a main belt asteroid
History
Scrabble was invented in 1938 by an architect named Alfred Mosher Butts. He had previously invented a similar game called Lexiko. He decided how many points each letter was worth by looking at books and newspapers and counting how often each letter was used in the English language. He called the game "Criss-Crosswords". However, he was not successful in selling the game. In 1948 a lawyer called James Brunot bought the rights to make to game. Brunot made some of the rules easier, and changed the name to "Scrabble", which is a real word meaning “to scratch around frantically”. Soon other firms around the world were buying rights to make the game. It had become so popular by 1984 that it was made into a daytime TV show on NBC television.

The name Scrabble today is a trademark of Hasbro in the US and Canada and of J. W. Spear & Sons PLC in other countries.
Many people play Scrabble in clubs and tournaments all over the world. People who play in serious tournaments are given a time limit.  They lose points if they spend too long thinking about their moves.

There are websites where one can play Scrabble online.

How to play 

The players decide who is going to start by taking one letter (one tile) from the bag. The person with the letter closest to the beginning of the alphabet may start.

Each player takes seven tiles from the bag (without looking at what they are). The player puts these tiles on a rack in front of them. This is so the player can see the letters they have, but the other players can not.
The first player puts a word on the board using some, or all, of their seven letters. The first player has to put their word on the star in the middle. After this, players take turns putting words on the board. Each new word placed on the board has to connect to another word. Sometimes it is possible to make two or more words in one turn by touching other letters, but each word on the board reading horizontally (left to right) or vertically (top to bottom) must be a real word.

Once a player plays a word, they take more tiles from the bag to replace the tiles they played. Near the end of the game, there will be no more tiles in the bag. When this happens, players do not take more tiles. The game ends when one player has no more tiles to play. When this happens, the other players add up the points of the letters they have left, and subtract that number from their score. The winner of the game is whoever has the most points.
Allowed words 
There are special Scrabble dictionaries used for the game. In these dictionaries, all the allowed words (words that can be played during the game) are listed. When playing according to the proper rules, a player can not use a dictionary. However, if one player puts a word on the board, and another player says it is not an allowed word, then the players may check the dictionary. If the word is not in the dictionary, the player who played the word must take their letters back and lose their turn.
Scoring 
Each letter has a number of points. Letters worth more points are less common. For example, common letters such as E, T, and A are worth one point, while uncommon letters such as Q and Z are worth 10 points.  There are also two blank tiles which can be used for any letter. These are worth zero points. A player must say what the letter is when they place it on the board. For example, a player might place the tiles "C", "A", and a blank tile on the board, and say the blank tile is a T. This makes the word "CAT". For the rest of the game, the blank tile must be used as if it was a T.
There are many squares on the board where a player can get extra points. Some squares allow the player to count that letter twice (light blue) or three times (dark blue). These squares have "double letter score" or "triple letter score" written on them. Other squares allow them to count the whole word twice (light red) or three times (dark red). These squares have "double word score" or "triple word score" written on them. The star at the center of the board is also a "double word score" square.

Example 
Player 1 plays the word "TEAR" on the board. The letter "T" is on a "double letter score" square, and the letter "R" is on a "double word score" square.

To find how many points Player 1 gets, the points of each letter are added together: (1 × 2) (T) + 1 (E) + 1 (A) + 1 (R) = 5. The letter T gets twice as many points because of the square it is on. Because the word is on a "double word score" square, this number is multiplied by 2: 5 × 2 = 10. Player 1 gets 10 points for playing this word.
Now it is Player 2's turn. Player 2 adds an "S" to the end of Player 1's word. This makes the word "TEARS". Each of these letters is worth 1 point, so Player 2 will get 1 (T) + 1 (E) + 1 (A) + 1 (R) + 1 (S) = 5 points for playing this word. Player 2 does not get a "double word score" or "double letter score". This is because these squares only give extra points the first time a word is played on top of them.

Other languages
There are many different versions of Scrabble for other languages. This is because not all languages use the same letters. Some languages also use some letters more often than others. There are versions in languages with other alphabets, such as Russian.

References 

Board games
Word games
FLOW is a Japanese music band. The group is made of five men. The group was made in 1998.

Since Flow is a Japanese band, they sing in Japanese, but they often use English sentences or words in their songs. 
Their songs are used in different anime series, like Naruto and Eureka Seven. With starting numbers like: Sign, Go.

Members 
This list contains the names and birth dates of group members
 KOHSHI (Vocal)　April 22, 1977
 KEIGO (Vocal)　July 1, 1977
 TAKE (Guitar, Chorus)　August 31, 1978
 GOT'S (Bass, Chorus)　January 26, 1977
 IWASAKI (Drum)　November 21, 1969

Japanese musical groups
Organizations based in Saitama Prefecture
There were two sets of Nuremberg Trials.

The first, and most well known, were the trials of the leaders of Nazi Germany. This was organized by the International Military Tribunal (IMT). The judges and prosecutors were from the four wartime Allies, France, the USSR, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The second set of trials were the 12 follow up trials (). These trials were of groups of lower-ranking Nazis, like doctors, and officials of the German Foreign Office. Although the follow up trials were held in the same courtroom as the IMT trials, they were run by the Americans alone.

The main trial
The main trial

The International Military Tribunal was opened on October 18, 1945, in the Supreme Court Building in Berlin. The first session was presided over by the Soviet judge, Nikitchenko. The prosecution brought charges against 24 major war criminals and six criminal organizations – the leadership of the Nazi Party, the Schutzstaffel (SS) and Sicherheitsdienst (SD), the Gestapo, the Sturmabteilung (SA) and the High Command of the German armed forces (OKW).

The indictments were for:

 Working with other people (legally called "Taking part in a conspiracy") to commit a crime against peace
 War crimes
 Crimes against humanity
 Planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace

The 24 accused were:

"I" indicted      "G" indicted and found guilty      "O" Not Charged

"I" indicted      "G" indicted and found guilty      "O" Not Charged
The death sentences were carried out on 16 October 1946 by hanging using the inefficient American "standard" drop method instead of the long drop. The executioner was John C. Woods. The French judges suggested the use of a firing squad for the military condemned, as is standard for military courts-martial, but this was opposed by Biddle and the Soviet judges. They said that the military officers acted so badly they did not deserve to be treated as soldiers. The prisoners sentenced to jail were transferred to Spandau Prison in 1947.

The definition of what constitutes a war crime is described by the Nuremberg Principles, a document which was created as a result of the trial. The medical experiments conducted by German doctors and prosecuted in the so-called Doctors' Trial led to the creation of the Nuremberg Code to control future trials involving human subjects.
Four organisations were charged as being criminal. Only the SS was found guilty. These organisations were found not to be criminal:
 Reichsregierung, (the Reich government or Cabinet)
 Oberkommando and Generalstab der Wehrmacht, (the High Command and General Staff of the Armed Forces)
 Sturmabteilung (the Stormtroopers or "Brownshirts")

Related pages
 Benjamin B. Ferencz
 Nuremburg Follow-up Trials

References
Orthographic projection is a way of showing a 3D object in 2D. It is a form of parallel projection, where the view direction is orthogonal to the projection plane.

Other websites 
Educational website describing the principles of first and third angle projection – University of Limerick

Geometry
Engineering
In linear algebra and functional analysis, a projection is a linear transformation P from a vector space to itself such that P2 = P.  Projections map the whole vector space to a subspace and leave the points in that subspace unchanged.

Notes

References
 N. Dunford and J.T. Schwartz, Linear Operators, Part I: General Theory, Interscience, 1958.
 Carl D. Meyer, Matrix Analysis and Applied Linear Algebra, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2000. .

Other websites
 MIT Linear Algebra Lecture on Projection Matrices  at Google Video, from MIT OpenCourseWare

Linear algebra
Functions and mappings
A nonprofit organization (NPO), or non-business entity, is an organization which does not give its surplus income to owners or shareholders.

It uses its revenue and/or capital to achieve its purpose or mission. The decision to adopt a non profit legal structure is one that will often have tax benefits. Governments may see them as supporting activities which help the community.

In England this is more often referred to as "not-for-profit", and includes local and national government. Non-profit organizations are allowed to pay their workers, but sometimes workers at non-profit organizations are volunteers who do not get paid for their work.
Sometimes a non-profit may make money to help other people, which might include helping them start their own business or providing them with food, clothing or shelter. Some non-profits try to help endangered animals or the environment. Some non-profits are small groups of people such as a block association or community group. Others such as trade unions, universities or religions are large and well established, with many assets and many paid workers. 

When a non-profit organization deals with politics or international issues it can be called a non-governmental organization or NGO. The Wikimedia organization, which runs Wikipedia is a non-profit. It is based in Florida in the United States. It is also a not-for-profit corporation.

References

Related pages 
Charitable organization
An expense, also sometimes called an expenditure, is when money is given in exchange for a good or service.

In accounting, expense has a very specific meaning. It is when cash or some other valuable object goes from a person or company to another person or company.

Economics
A Deposit Account is an account at a bank where money can be put in or taken out by whoever owns the account. Each time money is moved, it is recorded in the bank's books. Some banks charge a fee for this, others may pay the customers interest.

Other websites
 Deposit account definition and explanations in simple terms 

Banks
Filippo Brunelleschi ( , , also known as Pippo; 1377 – 15 April 1446) was one of the most important architects of the Italian Renaissance and an inventor of the perspective. All of his most well-known works are in Florence, Italy.

Biography

Early life
Brunelleschi was born in Florence, Italy in 1377. His family consisted of his father, Brunellesco di Lippo, a notary and civil servant, his mother Giuliana Spini, and his two brothers. The family was well-off; the palace of the Spini family still exists, across from the Church of the Trinita in Florence.
Main works 
The principal buildings and works designed by Brunelleschi or which included his involvement:
 Dome of the Florence Cathedral (1419–1436)
 Ospedale degli Innocenti (1419–ca.1445)
 The Basilica of San Lorenzo (1419–1480s)
 Meeting Hall of the Palazzo di Parte Guelfa (1420s–1445)
 Sagrestia Vecchia, or Old Sacristy of S. Lorenzo (1421–1440)
 Santa Maria degli Angeli: unfinished, (begun 1434)
 The lantern of Florence Cathedral (1436–ca.1450)
 The exedrae of Florence Cathedral (1439–1445)
 The church of Santo Spirito (1441–1481)
 Pazzi Chapel (1441–1460s)

Related pages 
 Italian Renaissance art

References

Other reading

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  (in line presentation)
 
 Vereycken, Karel, "The Secrets of the Florentine Dome", Schiller Institute, 2013. (Translation from the French, "Les secrets du dôme de Florence", la revue Fusion, n° 96, Mai, Juin 2003)
 "The Great Cathedral Mystery", PBS Nova TV documentary, February 12, 2014

Other websites

Free audio guide of Brunelleschi's Dome
Italian architects
People from Florence
1377 births
1446 deaths
The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy. It is one of the important rivers of central Italy.

Source and route 

The river begins on Mount Falterona in the Casentino area of the Apennines. It first takes a curve to the south. The river turns to the west near Arezzo. It passes through Florence, Empoli and Pisa, then flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea at the Marina di Pisa. At a length of , it is the longest river in the region.

A flood on November 4, 1966 collapsed the embankment in Florence. This killed at least 40 people. It also damaged or destroyed millions of works of art and rare books. 40 years later, hundreds of works had still not been restored.

References 

Rivers of Italy
Tuscany
Lake Como () is a glacial lake in Lombardy, Italy. It has an area of . It is the third largest lake in Italy (after Lake Garda and Lake Maggiore). 

Some of the towns and villages on the shores of Lake Como are Como, Lierna, Lecco, Bellagio,  Mandello del Lario, and Lenno.
If the Costa di Como of Lake Como has become the best known to tourists due to the presence of large hotels, the Lecco coast is historically the most important and exclusive, with the beaches of the lake and the most beautiful mountain setting, studied For a long time from Leonardo da Vinci. It is on the coast and the mountains of the Lecco branch, that the excusive and very reserved villas of large industrialists such as the Italian Falcks and Nobles, since the time of ancient Rome, including the Villa Comedia De Plinio the young man in the village is hidden, including the village and nobles. Secret of Lierna, where the order of the knights of the Italian royal family of the Savoy house was also founded. The Ramo of Lecco and its mountains is the one where Leonardo da Vinci was compiled by telling him in his Atlantic code and where probably Mona Lisa realized. On the coast of the Lecco branch of Lake Como Alessandro Manzoni set his Roman "I Promessi Sposi"
. It is in the villages of Lake Como that poets, writers and poets are inspired and where for centuries nobody wanted tourists.
For many centuries Lierna has been the most exclusive place in the whole of Lake Como, frequented by kings, empresses, princely families, and where the most important managers and billions in the world buy a home, including the world president of Mercedes. The chivalric order was founded in the Church of Lierna which allowed the birth of the royal house of the Kings of Italy, the Savoy. Lierna is the place on Lake Como with the most beautiful life of all Lake Como and the place most represented by painters from all over Europe for many centuries, having a magical atmosphere. The place is very private, the villas are hidden and not even George Clooney has managed to buy a villa offering over 100 million euros for years. It is often said that the inhabitants of Lierna paid for not having Lierna appear on the geographical maps of Lake Como for centuries. It is very difficult to stop in Lierna because there are deliberately no parking spaces and you can only arrive by boat by selecting who comes
. Luxury villas in Lierna are priceless and are one of the greatest status symbols in the world.
The beautiful and the rich 
Lake Como is famous for its beauty and for its beautiful surroundings. The lake has for many years been a popular place for the aristocracy and the wealthy to relax. Nowadays, there are still a number of celebrities who stay by the lake, which helps to increase the flow of tourists. There are a large number of palaces with beautiful parks, such as Villa Olmo, Villa del Balbianello, Villa Serbelloni and Villa Carlotta. The costs of some villas exceed 100 million euros and it is very difficult to find them with a lake view.

Among the many well-known people who have - or have had - a connection to the lake, can be mentioned:
 Matthew Bellamy
 Madonna
 George Clooney
 Gianni Versace
 Ronaldinho
 Sylvester Stallone
 Richard Branson

References

Related pages 
 Lierna
 Leonardo da Vinci
 Villa Commedia
 Chengen Falls (Lake Como)
 The Ancient Roman Mosaic of Lierna on Lake Como
 Salvator Mundi of Lecco (Lake Como)

Other websites

Lakes of Lombardy
Lake Maggiore (in Italian: Lago Maggiore or lago Verbano) is the most westerly of the three large prealpine lakes of Italy and the second largest after Lake Garda.

Events
The Spirit of Woodstock Festival is an annual open air festival at the end of July/beginning of August at Mirapuri.

Other websites

Lake Maggiore - Tourist guide on the Lake Maggiore
Official Tourism Gateway Lake Maggiore Official Tourism Gateway
Ferry Services on Italian Lakes - Lake Maggiore 

Lakes of Italy
Lakes of Ticino
The GNU Image Manipulation Program, or GIMP, is a free software picture maker.

It is often used for making logos, making photographs bigger or smaller, changing colours, making many pictures part of one picture, making pictures nicer to look at, and changing file formats.

GIMP is often used as a free software alternative for the most popular Adobe Photoshop, but it is not made to be an Adobe Photoshop clone. GIMPs mascot is named Wilber.

GIMP was started in 1995 by Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis and is now taken care of by a group of volunteers as part of the GNU Project. The newest version of GIMP is v.2.8 and it was available since March 2009. GIMPs license is the GNU General Public License, so GIMP is free software.

GIMP can be used for opening and changing many types of file formats.  GIMPs own file format is XCF, which is the name of the building where GIMP was written.
Some file formats that GIMP can be used with are bitmap, JPEG, PNG, GIF and TIFF. GIMP can also read and write path information from SVG files and GIMP can read Adobe PDF files and the raw image formats used by digital cameras, but cannot write to these formats.

References

Other websites 

 Official GIMP Web site

Graphics software
Cross-platform software
David Ben-Gurion (born David Grün on 16 October 1886, died 1 December 1973) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. 

He was born in Płońsk, Poland and aspired to create a state of Israel for all the oppressed Jews of Europe. He moved to Palestine and worked as a farmer there until he was expelled during the First World War. After the war he came back and founded the “Confederation of Jewish Workers.” Then he became president of ‘’Mapai’’ or the Israeli Workers Party. Eventually he got what he wanted when the state of Israel was founded after World War II. After leading Israel to victory in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Ben-Gurion helped build the state institutions. He retired from political life in 1970 and moved to Sde Boker, where he lived until his death. He died of a stroke in Tel HaShomer, Israel.

After he died, Ben-Gurion was named one of Time Magazine's 100 Most Important People of the Century.

He is the country’s second longest-serving prime minister after Benjamin Netanyahu.
References 
 "Israel, 1948-." History Study Centre. ProQuest LLC. 2010. Web. 10 June 2014 
 “David ben Gurion.” Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Tel Aviv: Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1998. 1. netTrekker. Web. 10 June 2014.

Other websites 

1886 births
1973 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Members of the Knesset
Government ministers of Israel
Israeli political leaders
Jewish Israeli politicians
Mapai politicians
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Polish Jews
Prime Ministers of Israel
Zionists
Kotoko (stylized as KOTOKO, born January 19) is a Japanese musician. She was born January 19, in Hokkaido, Japan. She is signed to "I've". She writes the lyrics of her songs by herself, and gives them to other artists.  She plays an active role in the animation and game industry.

Discography 
 2000: 
 2004: Hane
 2005: 
 2006: Uzu-Maki
 2009: 
 2011:

North American appearances 
 Anime Expo 2005: Anaheim, CA (July 1–4, 2005)
 Anaheim Convention Center
 Anime North 2006: Toronto, Ontario, Canada (May 26–28, 2006)
 Toronto Congress Centre, Doubletree International Plaza Hotel
 YTV 2006: Toronto, Ontario, Canada (May 26, 2006)
 YTV Studios
 A-Kon 2006: Dallas, TX (June 9–11, 2006)
 Adam's Mark Hotel
 Animazement 2012: Raleigh, NC (May 25–27, 2012)
 Raleigh Convention Center

Other websites 

 Official website 
 Official website at Warner Home Video 
 Official website at Geneon 
 I've Sound official website 
 Anime North 2006: Kotoko Q&A
Japanese singers
Living people
People from Sapporo
Musicians from Hokkaido
1980 births
Pop singers
Singer-songwriters
Stage names