Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Fame or Famous may refer to:
 The condition of being a celebrity
 Fame (musical), a Broadway musical
 The Fame, a Lady Gaga album
 F.A.M.E. (album), an album by Chris Brown
Toy Story is a 1995 American computer animated buddy fantasy comedy adventure movie. It was the first Disney/Pixar animated movie. Pixar made the movie while Disney packaged it and sold the reels of the movie to movie theaters. It was released on November 22, 1995. It was the first animated movie to be completely done with computers instead of hand-drawn animation. Toy Story had three sequels, with Toy Story 2 being released November 13, 1999.
Plot 
Sheriff Woody, a pull-string cowboy doll, is the leader of a group of toys that belong to a boy named Andy and come to life when humans are not to be seen. With his family moving to a new house and having a birthday party for Andy, the toys try to figure out what Andy's new presents are since they’re worried about being replaced. Andy gets a space ranger Buzz Lightyear action figure, who replaces Woody as Andy's favourite toy. Buzz does not know that he is a toy when Woody tries to convince him and thinks that he is a real space ranger. While the other toys befriend Buzz, Woody hates Buzz out of jealousy.
Andy prepares to go to Pizza restaurant and arcade called Pizza Planet with Buzz. Woody tries to stop this from happening by knocking Buzz behind a desk but accidentally knocks him out a window instead, making the toys angry. Andy takes Woody to Pizza Planet with him instead. However, Buzz climbs into the car and confronts Woody when they stop at a gas station. The two toys fight and accidentally fall out of the car, which drives off and leaves them behind. Woody sees a pickup truck bound for Pizza Planet and plans to rendezvous with Andy there, convincing Buzz to come with him by saying that the pickup truck can take him to his home planet. Once at Pizza Planet, Buzz makes his way into a claw game machine shaped like a spaceship, thinking that it is the ship that Woody had promised him. Inside, he finds a horde of squeaky aliens who revere the machine's claw arm as their master
. When Woody follows Buzz into the game to try to rescue him, the two of them are captured by Andy's next door neighbor, Sid Phillips, who likes to torture and destroy toys for fun.
The two toys try to escape from Sid's house before Andy and his family move, encountering nightmarish hodge-podge toys of Sid's creation as well as Sid's vicious dog, Scud. Buzz sees a commercial for Buzz Lightyear action figures just like himself and realizes that Woody was right about him being a toy. Unable to face the truth, Buzz tries to prove he is still a space ranger by attempting to fly out of the window, but falls and loses one of his arms. Buzz becomes too depressed over the truth to participate in Woody's escape plan which forces Woody to try and get the other toys attention in Andy's room by waving Buzz's disconnected arm, but the other toys still distrust him for what happened to Buzz and leave him behind. Woody realizes that Sid's mutant toys are friendly when they fix Buzz's arm but is forced to hide when Sid arrives, leaving Buzz behind. Sid prepares to destroy Buzz by strapping him to a rocket, but is delayed by a thunderstorm and sleeps for the night
. Woody convinces Buzz life is worth living even if he is not a space ranger because of the joy he can bring to Andy, and helps Buzz regain his spirit. Cooperating with Sid's mutant toys, Woody stages a rescue for Buzz and scares Sid away by coming to life in front of him. However, the two miss Andy's car as it drives away to his new house.
Cast 
Main cast
 Tom Hanks as Woody, a cowboy pull string doll
 Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear, a Space Ranger action figure
 Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head, an angry potato shaped doll with put together pieces on his body
 Jim Varney as Slinky Dog, a slink toy
 Wallace Shawn as Rex, a cowardly green Tyrannosaurus rex
 John Ratzenberger as Hamm, a wisecracking piggy bank
 Annie Potts as Bo Peep, a sheepherdess and Woody's love interest.
 John Morris as Andy Davis, the young boy who owns all the toys
 Erik von Detten as Sid Phillips, Andy's next door neighbor, who destroys toys for his own amusement
 Laurie Metcalf as Andy's Mom
 R. Lee Ermey as Sarge, a green plastic figure soldier
 Sarah Freeman as Hannah Phillips, Sid's sister
 Cheryl Chase (screaming voice)
 Joe Ranft as Lenny
More voices
 Jack Angel as Rocky Gibraltar
 Greg Berg as Al's Toy Barn announcer
 Debi Derryberry as Squeeze Toy Aliens/Pizza Planet Announcer
 Bill Farmer as Wounded Soldier/Monotone Announcer
 Craig Good as Mission Control
 Mickie McGowan as Sid's Mom
 Ryan O'Donohue as kid in Buzz Lightyear commercial
 Jeff Pidgeon as Squeeze Toy Aliens/Mr. Spell/Robot
 Patrick Pinney as Pizza Delivery Guy/Angry Driver #2
 Phil Proctor as Pizza Planet guards/bowling announcer
 Jan Rabson as gas station attendant
 Penn Jillette as TV Announcer
 Andrew Stanton as Shark/Buzz Lightyear commercial chorus

Cast-notes 
 Non-speaking characters include Scud, Barrel of Monkeys, Etch A Sketch, Snake, Clown, Babyface, RC, and Buster.

Release Dates

3D Version

Soundtrack

Track listing 
 You've Got a Friend in Me
 Strange Things
 Pizza Planet Rock by Nickelback
 I Will Go Sailing No More by Michael Crawford
 The Boys Are Back in Town by Thin Lizzy
Score
 Andy's Birthday by Randy Newman
 Soldier's Mission by Michael Kamen
 Presents by Michael Kamen
 Buzz by Michael Kamen
 Sid by Michael Kamen
 Woody and Buzz by Randy Newman and Michael Kamen
 Mutants by Randy Newman
 Woody's Gone by Michael Kamen
 The Big One by Randy Newman
 Hang Together by Randy Newman
 On the Move by Randy Newman and Michael Kamen
 Infinity and Beyond by Randy Newman and Michael Kamen

Production
Pixar's Oscar-winning short film Tin Toy (directed by Lasseter) and its CAPS project were among works that gained Disney's attention and, after meetings in 1990 with Jeffrey Katzenberg, Pixar pitched a television special called A Tin Toy Christmas. By July 1991, Disney and Pixar signed an agreement to work on a film, based on the Tin Toy characters, called Toy Story. The deal gave Pixar a three-film deal (with Toy Story being the first) as well as 10% of the films' profits.
Toy Storys script was strongly influenced by the ideas of screenwriter Robert McKee. The script went through many changes before the final version. John Lasseter decided Tinny was "too antiquated", and the character was changed to a military action figure, and then given a space theme. Tinny's name changed to Lunar Larry, then Tempus from Morph, and eventually Buzz Lightyear (after astronaut Buzz Aldrin).

Billy Crystal was going to play as Buzz, but later refused this role, although he would voice Mike Wazowski in Pixar's later movie, Monsters, Inc. Katzenberg took the role to Tim Allen, who was appearing in Disney's Home Improvement, and Allen accepted the Role. Toy Story was both Hanks and Allen's first animated film role.
Lasster's 1993 draft of the film was a disastrous result, presenting Woody as a "sarcastic jerk" because Katzenberg kept sending notes to Pixar saying that he wanted more edge to the character. Katzenberg talked with Walt Disney Feature Animation president Peter Schneider in the hall during the screening and asked him why it was so bad. Schneider responded that it "wasn't their movie anymore." Schneider wanted to immediately shut down production, fire all recently hired animators and move the key writers (John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Pete Docter and Joe Ranft) into the Disney Studio, pending a new script approved by Disney. Pixar refused and said that the entire story will be changed in two weeks. As promised, two weeks later a new script had been written that made Woody a more likable character. It also included a more adult-orientated staff meeting amongst the toys rather than a juvenile group discussion that had existed in earlier drafts
. Buzz Lightyear's character was also changed slightly "to make it more clear to the audience that he really doesn't realize he's a toy" as John Lasseter remarked. After the second screening Katzenberg restarted production. The voice actors returned in March 1994 to record their new lines.
Toy Story was made on a $30 million budget, using a staff of 110 people; Lasseter told how hard of the computer animation was to do in the film: "We had to make things look more organic. Every leaf and blade of grass had to be created. We had to give the world a sense of history. So the doors are banged up, the floors have scuffs."
According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of Toy Story, there was a scene that was cut out of the movie. In this scene, Sid, after he leaves Pizza Planet, tortures Buzz and Woody violently. Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid was interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point.
Reception

Ever since its original 1995 release, "Toy Story" received universal acclaim. Review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes (which gave the movie an "Extremely Fresh" rating) reports that 100% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 74 reviews, with an average score of 9/10. The critical consensus is: As entertaining as it is innovative, Toy Story kicked off Pixar's unprecedented run of quality pictures, reinvigorating animated film in the process. The film is Certified Fresh. At the website Metacritic, which utilizes a normalized rating system, the film earned a "universal acclaim" level rating of 92/100 based on 16 reviews by mainstream critics. Reviewers liked the film for its computer animation, voice cast, and ability to appeal to numerous age groups.
Leonard Klady of Variety commended the animation's "... razzle-dazzle technique and unusual look. The camera loops and zooms in a dizzying fashion that fairly takes one's breath away." Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times compared the film's innovative animation to Disney's Who Framed Roger Rabbit, saying "Both movies take apart the universe of cinematic visuals, and put it back together again, allowing us to see in a new way." Due to the film's animation, Richard Corliss of TIME claimed that it was "... the year's most inventive comedy."
The voice cast was also praised by various critics. Susan Wloszczyna of USA Today approved of the selection of Hanks and Allen for the lead roles. Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times stated that "Starting with Tom Hanks, who brings an invaluable heft and believability to Woody, Toy Story is one of the best voiced animated features in memory, with all the actors ... making their presences strongly felt."
Several critics also recognized the film's ability to appeal to various age groups, specifically children and adults. Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote: "It has the purity, the ecstatic freedom of imagination, that's the hallmark of the greatest children's films. It also has the kind of spring-loaded allusive prankishness that, at times, will tickle adults even more than it does kids."
In 1995, Toy Story was named eighth in TIME's list of the best ten films of 1995. In 2011, TIME named it one of "The 25 All-TIME Best Animated Films".
It also ranks at number 99 in Empire magazines list of the 500 Greatest Films of All Time. .

In 2003, the Online Film Critics Society ranked the film as the greatest animated film of all time. In 2007, the Visual Effects Society named the film 22nd in its list of the "Top 50 Most Influential Visual Effects Films of All Time". In 2005 the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry, one of five films to be selected in its first year of eligibility. The film is ranked ninety-ninth on the AFI's list of the hundred greatest American films of all time. It was one of only two animated films on the list, the other being Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. It was also sixth best in the animation genre on AFI's 10 Top 10.
Director Terry Gilliam would praise the film as "a work of genius. It got people to understand what toys are about. They're true to their own character. And that's just brilliant. It's got a shot that's always stuck with me, when Buzz Lightyear discovers he's a toy. He's sitting on this landing at the top of the staircase and the camera pulls back and he's this tiny little figure. He was this guy with a massive ego two seconds before... and it's stunning. I'd put that as one of my top ten films, period."

References

Other websites
 Toy Story on Pixar Wiki
1995 comedy movies
1995 fantasy movies
1990s computer-animated movies
1990s buddy movies
1995 animated movies
2009 3D movies
American buddy comedy movies
American fantasy movies
American family movies
Disney animated movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies composed by Michael Kamen
Movies composed by Randy Newman
Pixar movies
Screenplays by Joss Whedon
Toy Story
United States National Film Registry movies
3D re-releases
Movies directed by John Lasseter
María Esther de Capovilla (September 14, 1889 – August 27, 2006) was an Ecuadorian supercentenarian. She was the world's oldest living person between May 29, 2004, aged 114 years 258 days, and her death from pneumonia on August 27, 2006, aged 116 years 347 days. Following Capovilla's death, Elizabeth Bolden became the world's oldest person.

She was the last living person who was born in the 1880s and also she is still all-time record-holder of the oldest person who was born in Ecuador and the oldest person who was died in Ecuador. She remained the oldest validated South American and Latin American person ever until Francisca Celsa dos Santos of Brazil surpassed her age in October 2021 one day before her death who's final age was 116 years 349 days.
On 10 February 2004, Capovilla surpassed Australian Christina Cock to become the oldest person ever from the Southern Hemisphere. Capovilla was named the World's Oldest Person by Guinness World Records on 9 December 2005, thus superseding both Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper of the Netherlands thought to be the world's oldest person from 29 May 2004 to 30 August 2005, when she died, and Elizabeth Bolden of the United States, thought to be the world's oldest person from 30 August 2005 to 9 December 2005.

Sources 

1889 births
2006 deaths
People from Guayaquil
Deaths from pneumonia
Capovilla, Maria Esther de
Supercentenarians
Warts are growths on the skin. Very often they resemble solid blisters. Usually, applying pressure to a wart causes pain. Warts are caused by viruses in the HPV family. As there are many types of viruses in the HPV family, there are also many types of wart. In most cases, warts are not dangerous, but may cause a lot of pain.

The virus infects skin cells; if these skin cells move to other areas, new warts can grow there. Warts contain tissue that bleeds easily. A bleeding of this tissue allows the wart to spread to other places. In general, coming in contact with infected tissue spreads the infection.
There are different ways of getting rid of a wart:
 The immune system fights the virus, and can make the wart disappear.
 There are different drugs; many of them are corrosive acids. Regular application on the skin kills the cells which were infected by the virus. Other drugs strengthen the immune system.
 Some of the acids are difficult to handle, or have side-effects. Often, trained medical personnel is needed for their use.
 Different forms of surgery exist: Using a laser, electricity, or infrared radiation. Very often, the use of surgery causes scars.
Types of warts
There are different types of warts, caused by different HPV viruses:
common wart: a wart standing out, with a rough surface, usually occurs on hands or knees.
flat wart:  A small smooth flattened wart,which can occur in large numbers. Most common on the face, neck, hands, wrists and knees;
filiform or digitate wart: These warts look like threads or fingers. Most common on the face, especially near the eyelids and lips;
plantar wart: A hard sometimes painful lump, often with many black dots in the center; usually only found on pressure points on the soles of the feet and on hands;
mosaic wart: Many plantar warts close together. Usually on the hands or soles of the feet
genital wart  A wart that occurs on the genitals.
Getting rid of warts
There are different ways of getting rid of a wart:
There are some over the counter drugs, that usually contain an acid, very often salicylic acid. Getting rid of a wart that way involves cleaning the area around the wart, and treating it with the acid. This will slowly kill wart tissue. Dead tissue can then be removed. Getting rid of a wart that way usually takes several weeks. There are different drugs, with different acids. Some prescription drugs may contain stronger acids, such as chloroacetic acid or silver nitrate. All acids are caustic. This means, healthy tissue around the wart needs to be protected, before the substance is applied.
It is possible to kill off the wart using extreme cold (called cryotherapy). A physician or a specialist doctor for skin diseases usially does this. Before the cold is applied, a local anestetic is used to reduce the pain. Using this method will cause scars.
It is possible to do a special chemotherapy, called cytostatis. This will prevent cell growth.
It is possible to boost the immune system so it can better fight the wart.
Ming Kipa is a Nepalese Sherpa girl who (as recorded in the 2009 Guinness Book of Records) was the youngest person to climb Mount Everest until 2010. She reached the summit on May 24, 2003 when she was 15 years old, with her brother Mingma Gyula and her sister Laphka. Nepalese law does not allow climbers under 16 to climb Everest, so Ming Kipa climbed from the Chinese side.

In 2010, her record was broken by 13-year old Jordan Romero.

References

Sherpa
Kipa, Ming
1987 births
Living people
This article is about the mathematician Sun Tzu. For the military strategist of the same name, see Sun Tzu.

Sun Tzu or Sun Zi was a Chinese mathematician of the third century CE.

His interests were in astronomy.  He tried to develop a calendar and for this he investigated Diophantine equations. He is best known for authoring Sun Tzu Suan Ching (pinyin: Sun Zi Suan Jing; literally, "Sun Tzu's Calculation Classic"), which contains the Chinese remainder theorem.

Other websites 
 Sun Tzu at MacTutor 

Chinese mathematicians
Sergey Karjakin  (born 12 January 1990 in Simferopol) is a Russian (formerly Ukrainian) chess grandmaster. 

He was a chess prodigy and holds the record for the youngest grandmaster in history, at the age of twelve years and seven months. 

On 25 July 2009 Karjakin adopted Russian citizenship and afterwards played for Russia.

He won Candidates Tournament 2016 and earned the right to challenge for the World Chess Championship. In November 2016, he lost the championship match to Magnus Carlsen in the rapid tiebreaks after drawing 6–6 in the classical games. He won the 2016 World Blitz Chess Championship. He played in the candidates tournament again in 2018, coming third.

References 

1990 births
Living people
Ukrainian chess players
Chess grandmasters
Russian chess players‎
Yusuf Islam (born 21 July 1948) is an English singer. He sang many of his early songs when he called himself Cat Stevens. He was born as Stephen Demetre Georgiou to a Swedish mother and Greek father. He became a Muslim in 1977. After 2 years, he took the name of Yusuf İslam. He has sold over 60 million albums around the world since the late 1960s as Cat Stevens or Yusuf İslam.

As a waiter in his father's cafe, he began writing songs "to escape the mundanity of it all". Chart success was followed by adulation, touring, drug use, confusion, tuberculosis and, in the early 1970s, Islam's changed outlook and an album called Tea For The Tillerman.
Stevens nearly drowned in an accident in Malibu in 1975.  Stevens described the event in a VH1 interview some years later: "I suddenly held myself and I said, 'Oh God! If you save me, I'll work for you.'" He had looked into Buddhism; Zen and I Ching, numerology, tarot cards and astrology", but when his brother David gave him a copy of the Qu'ran, Stevens began to convert to Islam.

In 1977 he changed his name to Yusuf Islam upon becoming a Muslim. He stopped playing and recording pop music for almost 30 years, but started performing again in 2006.

He lives with his family in London, England.

Albums 
As Cat Stevens:
 1967: Matthew and Son
 1967: New Masters
 1970: Mona Bone Jakon
 1970: Tea for the Tillerman
 1971: Teaser and the Firecat
 1972: Catch Bull at Four
 1973: Foreigner
 1974: Buddha and the Chocolate Box
 1974: Saturnight (Live in Tokyo)
 1975: Numbers
 1977: Izitso
 1978: Back to Earth
 2004: Majikat
As Yusuf Islam:
 1995: The Life of the Last Prophet
 1999: Prayers of the Last Prophet
 2000: A Is for Allah
 2001: Bismillah
 2003: I Look I See
 2005: Indian Ocean
 2006: Footsteps in the Light
 2006: An Other Cup
 2007: Yusuf's Cafe Session
 2009: Roadsinger

References 

1948 births
Living people
Converts to Islam
English guitarists
English rock musicians
English singers
Musicians from London
Multi-instrumentalists
Synth-pop singers
Malay is an Austronesian language predominantly spoken by Malay people in northeastern of Sumatra to the Riau Islands and its surroundings; which includes Singapore and Malay Peninsula, as well as the western and northernmost coast of Borneo (especially in Pontianak and Brunei).

Writing system 

Malay is normally written with the Latin alphabet called Rumi. But there is also a modified Arabic alphabet that is called Jawi. Rumi is official in Malaysia and Singapore, and the Indonesian language has a different official orthography that uses also the Latin script. Rumi and Jawi are both official languages in Brunei. Efforts are currently being undertaken to preserve Jawi script and to revive its use amongst Malays in Malaysia, and students taking the Malay language examination in Malaysia have the option of answering questions using Jawi script. But the Latin alphabet is still the most commonly used script in Malaysia, both for official and informal purposes.
Historically, Malay has been written in various types of script. Before the introduction of Arabic script in the Malay region, Malay was written using Pallava, Kawi and Rencong script and are still in use today by the Champa Malay in Vietnam and Cambodia.

References

Austronesian languages
Malaysian culture
Languages of Singapore
Brunei
Timothy Peter Dalton (born 21 March 1946) is a British actor.  He is famous for playing fictional spy James Bond in two movies in 1987 and 1989. He also voiced the hedgehog Mr. Pricklepants in Toy Story 3.

National identity 
His father was English and his mother was an American of Italian and Irish descent.

Personal life
Dalton has one son, Alexander (born 7 August 1997), by Russian musician Oksana Grigorieva. He was in a relationship with English actress Vanessa Redgrave (with whom he appeared in the 1971 film Mary, Queen of Scots) between 1971 and 1986. Dalton is a Manchester City F.C. supporter.  He is often seen at the City of Manchester Stadium to watch his team play. Dalton remains unmarried.

Filmography

Movies
Television
 Sat'day While Sunday (TV series) (1967) .... Peter
 The Three Princes (TV) (1968) ...Ahmed
 Judge Dee: A Place of Great Evil (TV) (1969)
 Play of the Month: Five Finger Exercise (TV) (1970)
 Play of the Month: Candida (TV) (1971)
 Centennial (TV miniseries) (1978) .... Oliver Seccombe
 The Flame Is Love (TV) (1979) .... Marquis de Guaita
 Charlie's Angels: Fallen Angel (TV) (1979) .... Damien Roth
 Antony and Cleopatra (TV) (1983) .... Mark Antony
 Jane Eyre (TV miniseries) (1983) .... Edward Fairfax Rochester
 Mistral's Daughter (TV miniseries) (1984) .... Perry Kilkullen
 The Master of Ballantrae (TV) (1984) .... Col. Francis Burke
 Florence Nightingale (TV) (1985) .... Richard Milnes
 Faerie Tale Theatre: The Emperor's New Clothes (TV) (1985) (voice)
 Sins (TV miniseries) (1986) .... Edmund Junot
 Tales from the Crypt: Werewolf Concerto (TV) (1992) .... Lokai
 Framed (TV) (1992) .... Eddie Myers
 In the Wild: In Search of Wolves (TV) (1993) ...Host
Lie Down with Lions (aka Red Eagle) (TV) (1994) .... Jack Carver
 Scarlett (TV miniseries) (1994) .... Rhett Butler
 Stories from My Childhood (TV) (1998) (voice) .... Prince Guidon
 ESU Emergency Services Unit (TV) (1998) (voice) ...Narrator
 Cleopatra (TV) (1999) .... Julius Caesar
 Possessed (TV) (2000) .... Fr. Willam Bowdern
 Dunkirk (TV) (2004) .... Narrator
 Hercules (TV) (2005) .... Amphitryon
 Marple: The Sittaford Mystery (TV) (2006) .... Clive Trevelyan
 Unknown Sender: If You're Seeing This Tape... (Strike.TV) (2008) ...Miles
 Doctor Who (TV) (2009—2010) .... Lord President of the Time Lords (Rassilon) / The Narrator
 Chuck (2010—2011) .... Alexei Volkoff/Hartley Winterbottom
Audiobook narration
Novels by "Benjamin Black" (pseudonym of John Banville):
 "Christine Falls" (2007) AudioRenaissance
 "The Silver Swan" (2008) Macmillan Audio
 "Elegy for April" (2010) Macmillan Audio

Stage work
Coriolanus, National Youth Theatre, Queen's Theatre, London (1964)
 A Game Called Arthur, Royal Court Theatre (1966) ... Arthur
 Little Malcolm And His Struggle Against The Eunuchs, National Youth Theatre, Royal Court Theatre, London (1966) ... Malcolm
 The Merchant of Venice, Birmingham Repertory Theatre (1966)
 Richard III, Birmingham Repertory Theatre, Birmingham, England (1966) ... title role
 As You Like It, Birmingham Repertory Theatre (1966)
 Love's Labour's Lost, Birmingham Repertory Theatre (1966)
 The Doctor's Dilemma, Birmingham Repertory Theatre (1966)
 St. Joan, Birmingham Repertory Theatre (1966)
 A Game Called Arthur, Theatre Upstairs, London (1971) ... Arthur
 Macbeth, Hawaii production (1971) ... title role
 King Lear, Prospect Theatre Company, Aldwych Theatre, London (1972) ... Edgar
 Love's Labour's Lost, Prospect Theatre Company, Aldwych Theatre (1972) ... Berowne
 Henry V (1972)
 Romeo and Juliet, Prospect Theatre Company, Aldwych Theatre (1972–73)
Romeo and Juliet, Royal Shakespeare Company, Royal Shakespeare Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon, England (1973) ... Romeo
 Love's Labour's Lost, Royal Shakespeare Company, Royal Shakespeare Theatre (1973)
 Henry IV, Part 1, Prospect Theatre Company, Round House Theatre, London (1974) ... Hal, Prince of Wales
 Henry IV, Part 2, Prospect Theatre Company, Round House Theatre, London (1974) ... Hal, Prince of Wales
 Henry V, Prospect Theatre Company, Round House Theatre (1974) ... Henry V
 The Samaritan, Shaw Theatre, London (1975) ... Bob
 The Vortex, Greenwich Theatre, London (1975) ... Nicky Lancaster
 Black Comedy, Dolphin Theatre Company, Shaw Theatre (1976) ... Harold Gorringe
 White Lies, Dolphin Theatre Company, Shaw Theatre (1976) ... Tom
 The Lunatic, the Lover, and Poet, Old Vic Theatre Company, London (1977) ... Lord Byron
 The Romans, New Mermaid Theatre, London (1977) ... Marc Antony
 Antony and Cleopatra (1981)
Henry IV, Part 1, Royal Shakespeare Company, Barbican Centre Theatre, London (1982) ... Hotspur
 Henry IV, Part 2, Royal Shakespeare Company, Barbican Centre Theatre, London (1982) ... Hotspur
 Antony and Cleopatra, Theatre Clwyd, Mold, Wales, then Haymarket Theatre, London (1986) ... Antony
 The Taming of the Shrew, Theatre Clwyd, then Haymarket Theatre (1986) ... Petruchio
 A Touch of the Poet, Young Vic Theatre, London, then Haymarket Theatre (1988) ... Cornelius Melody
 Love Letters, Canon Theatre, Beverly Hills, CA (1991) ... Andrew Makepeace Ladd III
 Peter and the Wolf (staged reading), Hollywood Bowl, Los Angeles (1994) ... narrator
 Star Crossed Lovers (1998)
 His Dark Materials'', National Theatre Company, Laurence Olivier Theatre, London (2003–04) ... Lord Asriel
References

1946 births
Living people
Actors from Derbyshire
Actors who played James Bond
British movie actors
British television actors
Euzebiusz Smolarek (born 9 January 1981) is a Polish football player. He plays for ADO Den Haag and Poland national team.

In 2004, he came to Dortmund with Bert van Maarwijk, who is his trainer. Before that, he played for Borussia Dortmund and under van Maarwijk with Feyenoord Rotterdam. He is also in the Poland national team.

Club career statistics

|-
|2000/01||rowspan="5"|Feyenoord Rotterdam||rowspan="5"|Eredivisie||25||3
|-
|2001/02||19||2
|-
|2002/03||0||0
|-
|2003/04||21||7
|-
|2004/05||3||0

|-
|2004/05||rowspan="4"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||15||3
|-
|2005/06||34||13
|-
|2006/07||30||9
|-
|2007/08||2||0

|-
|2007/08||Racing Santander||La Liga||34||4

|-
|2008/09||Bolton Wanderers||Premier League||12||0

|-
|2009/10||Kavala||Super League||15||3
68||12
81||25
34||4
12||0
15||3
210||44
|}

International career statistics

|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||2||0
|-
|2005||7||3
|-
|2006||11||4
|-
|2007||6||6
|-
|2008||11||2
|-
|2009||5||4
|-
|2010||4||1
|-
!Total||47||20
|}
References

Other websites
 Euzebiusz Smolarek 90minut.pl Info

1981 births
Living people
People from Łódź
Polish footballers
Bushido is a German rapper. He was born in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, 28 September 1978 and raised in Berlin. His real name is Anis Mohamed Youssef Ferchichi. Bushido left the record company Aggro Berlin in 2001. Now he has his own record label ersguterjunge and insults his old label, for example in the song Sonnenbank Flavour. Other big hits are Von der Skyline zum Bordstein und zurück and Nie Ein Rapper ( Never a rapper ). In 2006, he won the category German act of the European Music Awards in Copenhagen.

History
The artist name "Bushido" is Japanese and means "Way of the Warrior". Bushido was raised by his mother. He met his Tunisian father when he was 26 years old. Bushido was raised in Berlin-Tempelhof and went to the "Gymnasium" (German "grammar school", the highest school form) which he quit without his Abitur (German "A-level", right to study at university). He started his drug-selling career.
He first came to rap through graffiti where he painted walls using the name "Fuchs" (German "Fox"). He learned about rap music from his friend Vader(-licious) from DMK (Dark Mingz Klique). Together with King Orgasmus, the three recorded a tape under the name "030" which is the telephone number for Berlin. Bushido's first commercial appearance was on the Frauenarzt-Tape with King Orgasmus for I Luv Money Records in 2002. A short time later he published his self-made first album King of Kingz.

German Rap is based on a monarchy view of things. Everything is a kingdom and the best rappers are kings. There are currently three Kings: Kool Savas, Azad and Bushido himself. However at that time, nobody knew him, but his raps were thought of being very good. Because he knew that, he named his record "King of Kingz". He said "there can be 2 Kings, one for Berlin (Kool Savas) and one for Frankfurt am Main (Azad). Whatever. I shit on 'em. I'm the King. There is noone despite me. Fuck it. I'm the King of Kings."
This record was his way up. He was signed by Aggro Berlin which released this tape. He then made his well known record Carlo, Cokxxx, Nutten (English: Carlo, Cocain, Hoes) and Vom Bordstein bis zu Skyline (From Pavement to the Skyline) which gained him fame nationwide.

In 2004 he quit Aggro Berlin and started his own label Ersguterjunge ("First best boy", a term which was used in the 1930s). He recorded albums and released them every 6 months. Including Electroghetto, Carlo, Cokxxx, Nutten 2 and Staatsfeind Nr 1 ( State enemy No. 1). He was officially accused for making racist material and disrespect of minorities and females. However, this could not stop him from gaining success and fame. All his Albums gained Top-3 Chart placements. He was the first German Rapper to have two Albums in TOP-10 Charts placement.
Real life
Other rappers, for example the American rapper Raptile, said that Bushido rapped about a way of life he never lived. Media like CNN showed that this is not true. In August 2005 he was sentenced to jail in Austria for beating someone with his bodyguards. They beat up the person because that person damaged the tires of his car. The Austrian judge gave him the option to pay 100.000 Euro ( 150,000 USD) to get out of jail. This was the highest amount possible by law and the judge thought Bushido could not afford that.

Discography
Discography

Albums
 1999: Demotape (Not distributed)
 2001: King of KingZ
 2002: Carlo, Cokxxx, Nutten, as Sonny Black with Fler aka Frank White
 2003: King Of KingZ [Digital Remastered Version]
 2003: Demotape 1999 (First limited distribution, just 300 copies)
 2003: Vom Bordstein bis zur Skyline
 2004: King of KingZ 2004 Edition
 2004: Electro Ghetto
 2005: Carlo Cokxxx Nutten 2, as Sonny Black with Saad
 2005: King of KingZ & Demotape - extended version
 2005: Staatsfeind Nr. 1
 2005: Electro Ghetto (Limited Pur Edition) (18. November 2005) (non-explicit with 5 Remixes)
 2006 Von der Skyline zum Bordstein zurück
 2008: Heavy Metal Payback
 2009 Carlo,Cokxxx Nutten 2,as Sonnyblack with Fler aka Frank White
 2010 Zeiten ändern dich
 2011 Jenseits von Gut und Böse 2011 23 (with Sido)
 2012  AMYF
 2014  Sonny Black
 2015 Carlo, Coxxx, Nutten III
 2016 CLA$$IC with Shindy
Singles
 2003: Bei Nacht  2003: Gemein wie 10  2004: Nie wieder 2004: Mitten ins Gesicht (Promo track in Electro Ghetto Player)
 2004: Electro Ghetto  2004: Nie wieder 2004: Zukunft
 2005: Hoffnung stirbt zuletzt (with Cassandra Steen)
 2005: FLERräter (Free track with Eko Fresh)
 2005: Nie ein Rapper (feat. Saad)
 2005: Worldwide (Strapt & Bushido)
 2005: Endgegner / Staatsfeind Nr.1 2006: Von der Skyline zum Bordstein zurück
 2006: Sonnenbank Flavour
 2006: Vendetta (with Chakuza & Eko Fresh)
 2007: Janine
 2007: Eure Kinder (Chakuza feat. Bushido)
 2007: Alles verloren
 2007: Reich mir nicht deine Hand
 2007: Ring frei! (Eko Fresh feat. Bushido)
 2007: Alles Gute kommt von unten (with Chakuza & Kay One)
 2008: Regen (Saad feat. Bushido)
 2008: Unter der Sonne (Chakuza feat. Bushido)
 2008: Ching Ching
 2008: Für immer jung (feat. Karel Gott)
 2009: Kennst du die Stars (Oliver Pocher & Bushido)
 2009: Eine Chance / Zu Gangsta (Bushido produziert Sonny Black & Frank White)
 2010: ''Alles wird gut
1978 births
Living people
Entertainers from Berlin
German criminals
German musical entertainers
Musicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Rappers
The National Party of Australia is the third biggest political party in Australia. It was first called the Country Party when it started in 1920 and then became the National Country Party in 1975. In 1982 it became the National Party.

The National Party represents the interests of people who live in rural areas, that is, not in big cities. It normally joins together with the Liberal Party to form a coalition government. It has fewer people in Parliament than the Liberal Party. The current leader is Warren Truss. When the National Party is in a coalition government its leader is usually the Deputy Prime Minister.
The Party was quite powerful during the 1940s, 1950's and 1960s. Because it worked closely with the United Australia and later Liberal Party, three National leaders - Earle Page, Arthur Fadden and John McEwen - were Prime Minister for a short time. The Party is strongest in Queensland, where it has had several State Premiers. In 2008, the Liberal Party and National Party came together in Queensland and are now called the "Liberal National Party of Queensland".

The party's federal parliamentary leader since 2022 is David Littleproud. He replaced Barnaby Joyce following a leadership spill after the 2022 federal election.

References

Other websites
 Official website

 
1920 establishments
1920s establishments in Australia
An oil well is a well to get petroleum from the ground.  People in the petroleum industry look for a place that might have oil.  They drill a hole deep in the ground and, if the oil is there, then pump it up from the hole.  Most oil is very deep underground.

Oil wells can be classified by purpose: 
 Production wells produce gas or oil. 
 Appraisal wells determine the characteristics of a hydrocarbon accumulation. 
 Exploration wells explore for new oil and gas. 
 Wildcat wells  explore areas which are not near known gas or oil fields.
Active wells can also be categorized as:
 Oil producers may produce some gas, but they primarily produce liquid hydrocarbons. 
 Gas producers primarily produce gaseous hydrocarbons and aquifer producers primarily produce water to for the purpose of re-injecting it into the ground to manage the pressure of gas or oil wells. 
 Water injectors inject the water that is removed from the aquifer producers, as well as disposal of any water obtained during gas or oil production. 
 Gas injectors inject gas into reservoirs to maintain the reservoir’s pressure, as well as for disposal and sequestering of gas that cannot be immediately used.
Wells may be straight holes, or directionally drilled:
 Straight(vertical) holes wells are those drilled to targets essentially beneath the surface location of the well,  although some small deviation in the  well bore can occur during the drilling process. 
 Directionally drilled wells are those which are drilled to targets not directly beneath the surface location of the well.  Directionally drilled wells can be  classified  further into  Straight kick, S- kick and horizontal wells. 
 In straight kick wells, the well bore is deviated until the desired angle is achieved. This angle is maintained all the way to the bottom of the hole. 
 In S-kick  wells, the well bore is deviated to achieve the desired horizontal displacement and then returns to a vertical direction before penetrating the producing zone. The term "S-kick" is derived from the shape of the course.
Horizontal wells, as the name implies, are deviated until the well bore achieves a horizontal direction. The well bore may then continue in the horizontal direction for hundreds or even thousands of feet, depending on results desired.
Tall grass prairie 
A tall grass prairie has plants and grasses that typically grow three to seven feet (one to two meters) high, with occasional plants growing higher.  This type of prairie grows in areas with a good amount of rain.  Illinois (the prairie state), Indiana and Iowa are good examples of where a tall grass prairie would be.  This type of habitat usually has rich soil and is very good for farming.  Much of the original prairie has been changed into crops or lost to brush and trees.
Trees can grow in this area, but most were stopped by fires that swept through. Some oaks and hickories could survive a prairie fire. If there are scattered trees, it is called a savanna, and an area in a prairie where trees grew closer together is called a grove. In the last century, fires have been stopped, and trees and brush that once did not grow in prairies are taking over. Some of these invasive species were accidentally introduced from Europe or elsewhere. In Illinois, less than 0.01% of the original prairie still exists. For this reason, conservationists in this area practice prairie restoration to keep the prairie in good condition.

Short grass prairie
Short grass prairie is in drier areas, and is usually one to two feet (0.3 to 0.6 meters) high and has more space between plants. The American West (from central Texas up into Canada, East of the arid semi-desert) is all short grass prairie. Much of this area is converted to pastures for grazing cows and sheep. Areas near rivers are irrigated for crops. Some of the original native plants are still widespread.

Mixed grass prairie
Mixed grass prairie is found between the short grass prairie and the tall grass prairie and contains more species than either the short grass prairie or the tall grass prairie.

Related pages 
Prairie dog

References 

Grasslands
A mall or shopping center is a large building that is full of many smaller shops and stores.  It is different from earlier markets or bazaars because most of the shops are not little booths or stalls in one big open area.  Each store has its own space with walls.  Most of their entrances face a central walking area inside the building.

People visit the stores in the mall to shop.  Most malls have parking lots (places to park cars).  Most malls also have roofs so people can shop inside.  Most malls have a food court where people buy food.  Some malls have movie theatres.

Name 
"Mall" is the most common name for these buildings in America, and "shopping center" is the most common name for them in the United Kingdom. The name "shopping center" is also sometimes used in America. Malls are also sometimes called plazas.
Famous malls 
 West Edmonton Mall, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, is one of the largest malls in the world.
 The Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota is one of the largest malls in the world.
 Ala Moana is the largest outdoor mall in the United States.
Ice skating is skating on ice as a sport, entertainment or pastime. Ice skates, a special type of boot with metal blades on the bottom, are worn to skate on ice. Figure skating and speed skating are the sport forms of ice skating. Hockey is also played on ice, with players wearing ice skates. The International Skating Union (ISU) is the international governing body for figure skating and speed skating.

History
History 

Ice skating probably began in Scandinavia as early as 1000 BCE, as a way to travel in the winter. The sport of skating started in the Netherlands. Since the Middle Ages, people in the Netherlands have skated on canals. The first skating club was created in Scotland in 1742. In 1850, Edward Bushnell created steel-bladed skates which allowed skaters to make difficult turns and movements on the ice. Figure skating was included in the Olympics in 1908. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics. Today, ice skating is a popular pastime. Ice shows, like Ice Follies and Ice Capades, are a popular form of entertainment.

Equipment 

Modern figure skates have two edges on the blades and a toothed toepick on the front of the blade. The toepick is used for jumps and spins. Figure skating boots are made of leather. Ice hockey skates also have two edges, but no toepick. Speedskating ice skates have a single edge on the blade.

Figure skating
Figure skating 

Men's singles, women's singles, pairs and ice dance are the four types of competitive figure skating. In singles competitions, skaters perform a short technical routine and a longer, creative free routine. The skaters are judged on their performance of jumps, spins and spirals, as well as their artistry. In pairs competitions, two skaters perform two original routines together and are judged on their skills, artistry, and synchronization. In ice dancing, two skaters perform two compulsory routines and an original routine together.

Speed skating 

Speed skating is racing on ice. Skaters are judged on their speed. Speed skating has been an Olympic sport since 1924.

References 

Skating
Rinks are places for sports. There are several types of rinks:

 "Ice rinks" are also called ice skating rinks. Ice rinks have ice on the floor if they are inside, and on the ground if they are outside. Ice rinks are places for people to play ice hockey and to go ice skating.

 "Curling rinks" also have ice on the floor if they are inside, and on the ground if they are outside. A sport called "curling" is played at curling rinks. Teams of people slide heavy stones with handles down the ice toward targets under the ice.

 "Roller rinks" are also called Roller Skating Rinks. Roller rinks usually have wood on the floor if they are inside, and on the ground if they are outside. People go roller skating at roller rinks.

 "Challenge rinks" are a lesser-known variant of curling rinks. They can usually be found around or on areas with an elevation of at least 510 meters above sea level.

Sports buildings
Skating
A trading post is a place where trade takes place. The path to a trading post, or between trading posts, is known as a trade route. 

Trading posts were common places in Canada and the United States when they were both new countries. People used trading posts to trade fur and other things. 

Trading posts are also used in many campsites across the United States and Canada as places to buy snacks and other things.

The clerk was in charge of a trading post and a fur trader owned the trading post.

Commerce
Trade
Wasps are members of the order Hymenoptera, which also includes ants, bees and sawflies. 

The common or garden wasps, Vespula vulgaris, and hornets (Vespa) are members of the eusocial family Vespidae. This has about 5000 species.

By far the greater number of wasp species (over 100,000) are the parasitic wasps. Most of them are parasitoids which lay their eggs in the caterpillars of other insect species. Almost every pest insect species has at least one wasp species that preys upon it or parasitizes it. This makes wasps vital to the natural control of pest numbers (biocontrol). Parasitic wasps are increasingly used in agricultural pest control as they prey mostly on pest insects and have little impact on crops.

Anatomy 
Many people get confused between wasps and bees. It's pretty easy to tell the difference between bees and wasps, because bees look quite hairy and wasps do not.
Wasps have biting mouthparts and antennae with 12 or 13 segments. They usually have wings and their abdomens are attached to their thorax by a slender petiole, or a “waist”. Females have a sting, which they use for piercing and egg laying. Adult wasps feed mostly on nectar, but their larvae feed on insects or pollen, provided by the mother.

Free-living wasps

Nests made of paper 
Most free-living wasps are social insects, like bees and ants, but there are a few solitary wasps. Social wasps are formed of paper wasps, yellowjackets and hornets. All three make paper nests from tree wood. They create paper cells similar to the combs that bees make with wax. They chew up bits of wood and convert it into a paste which they use to construct their paper nests.
Eggs & larvae 
The queen lays an egg in each cell of the nests. When it hatches the grub is fed regurgitated insects by the worker wasps. In one group, the pollen wasps, grubs are fed pollen and nectar only. Adult wasps eat only nectar.
Unlike honeybees, the only one in a social wasp colony that will survive the winter is the queen. She will find a place to hibernate - in the hollows of trees, under bark, or in the walls of buildings. In the spring, she crawls out and starts all over again building a few cells, laying a few eggs, and nurturing them until they can become workers who will do all the work while she lays more eggs.

Parasitic wasps
Parasitic wasps 
 

With most species, adult parasitic wasps themselves do not take any nutrients from their prey, and, much like bees, butterflies, and moths, those that do feed as adults typically derive all of their nutrition from nectar.  Parasitic wasps are typically parasitoids, and extremely diverse in habits, many laying their eggs in inert stages of their host (egg or pupa), or sometimes paralyzing their prey by injecting it with venom through their ovipositor. They then insert one or more eggs into the host or deposit them upon the host externally. The host remains alive until the parasitoid larvae are mature, usually dying either when the parasitoids pupate, or when they emerge as adults. Farmers buy these parasitic wasps for insect control in their fields.
Solitary life 
The mud dauber is one of the most common solitary wasps. The difference between normal wasps and mud daubers can be seen easily because of its long petiole. The female gathers together mud and puts it in her mouth to use when building her paper nest for her young. She uses her ovipositor to sting and paralyze tiny insects, spiders, caterpillars, and other creatures, which are stuffed into the mud nest. After each cell in the nest is filled and almost overflowing with spiders and insects, the mud dauber lays an egg in each cell, closes the openings, and leaves. Then, when the eggs finally hatch, the larvae, have a perfectly nice feast upon which they will dine until they become adults.
Some solitary wasps make galls, which are abnormal growths on plants. They form directly after the wasp lays its eggs, and the plant develops a growth around the egg, encasing it. The trigger for the gall to form is not known. The gall protects the eggs while they develop. Galls can be found almost everywhere in the late summer, especially on the branches of oak trees, like in this picture.

Some wasps deposit their eggs in wood so that the young wasp larvae will feed on the tree itself, making circular tunnels through the wood as they feed, until they pupate and crawl out of the tree as adult wasps.