Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
History

The history of poker is a matter of some debate.  The name of the game likely descended from the French poque, which descended from the German pochen ('to knock'), but it is not clear whether the origins of poker itself lie with the games bearing those names.  It closely resembles the Persian game of as nas, and may have been taught to French settlers in New Orleans by Persian sailors.  It is commonly regarded as sharing ancestry with the Renaissance game of primero and the French brelan.  The English game brag (earlier bragg) clearly descended from brelan and incorporated bluffing (though the concept was known in other games by that time).  It is quite possible that all of these earlier games influenced the development of poker as it exists now.
English actor Joseph Crowell reported that the game was played in New Orleans in 1829, with a deck of 20 cards, four players betting on which player's hand was the most valuable.  Jonathan H. Green's book, An Exposure of the Arts and Miseries of Gambling (G. B. Zieber, Philadelphia, 1843), described the spread of the game from there to the rest of the country by Mississippi riverboats, on which gambling was a common pastime.

Soon after this spread, the full 52-card English deck was used, and the flush was introduced.  During the American Civil War, many additions were made, including draw poker, stud poker (the five-card variant), and the straight.  Further American developments followed, such as the wild card (around 1875), lowball and split-pot poker (around 1900), and community card poker games (around 1925).  Spread of the game to other countries, particularly in Asia, is often attributed to the U.S. military.
The game and jargon of poker have become important parts of American culture and English culture.  Such phrases as ace in the hole, beats me, blue chip, call the bluff, cash in, pass the buck, poker face, stack up, up the ante, when the chips are down, wild card, and others are used in everyday conversation even by those unaware of their origins at the poker table.

Modern tournament play became popular in American casinos after the World Series of Poker began in 1970.  It was also during that decade that the first serious strategy books appeared, notably The Theory of Poker by David Sklansky (), Super System by Doyle Brunson (),  and The Book of Tells by Mike Caro ().
Poker became more popular early in the 21st century, largely due to the introduction of online poker and the invention of the hole-card camera which finally turned the game into a spectator sport. Viewers could now follow the action and drama of the game, and broadcasts of poker tournaments such as the World Series of Poker and the World Poker Tour  brought in large television audiences.

Game play 

The game of poker is played in hundreds of variations, but the following overview of game play applies to most of them.

Depending on the game rules, one or more players may be required to place an initial amount of money into the pot before the cards are dealt.  These are called forced bets and come in three forms: antes, blinds, and bring-ins.
Like most card games, the dealer shuffles the deck of cards. The deck is then cut, and the appropriate number of cards are dealt face-down to the players. In a casino a "house" dealer handles the cards for each hand, but a button (any small item used as a marker, also called a buck) is rotated among the players to determine the order of dealing and betting in certain games. In a home game, the right to deal the cards typically rotates among the players clockwise, but a button may still be used.
After the initial deal, the first of what may be several betting rounds begins. Between rounds, the players' hands develop in some way, often by being dealt additional cards or replacing cards previously dealt. During a round of betting, there will always be a current bet amount, which is the total amount of money bet in this round by the player who bet last in this round.  To keep better track of this, it is conventional for players to not place their bets directly into the pot (called splashing the pot), but rather place them in front of themselves toward the pot, until the betting round is over.  When the round is over, the bets are then gathered into the pot.
After the first betting round is completed (every participating player having called an equal amount), there may be more rounds in which more cards are dealt in various ways, followed by further rounds of betting (into the same central pot).  At any time during the first or subsequent betting rounds, if one player makes a bet and all other players fold, the deal ends immediately, the single remaining player is awarded the pot, no cards are shown, no more rounds are dealt, and the next deal begins.  This is what makes it possible to bluff.

At the end of the last betting round, if more than one player remains, there is a showdown in which the players reveal their previously hidden cards and evaluate their hands.  The player with the best hand according to the poker variant being played wins the pot.

Hands
The following are poker hands, from best to worst:
Straight flush:  Five cards of the same suit in sequence (if those five are A, K, Q, J, 10; it is a Royal Flush)
Four of a kind: Four cards of the same rank and any one other card
Full house: Three cards of one rank and two of another
Flush: Five cards of the same suit
Straight: Five cards in sequence (for example, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
Three of a kind: Three cards of the same rank
Two pair: Two cards of one rank and two cards of another
One pair: Two cards of the same rank
High card: If no one has a pair, the highest card wins

Poker chips 
Poker chips are small discs. They made by various materials including molded plastic, colored metal  molded clays. They are used in table games as play money. Modern poker traces its roots towards the 1800s, and in those days, players used what you could to help keep a tally. Coins, gold dust and nuggets were used until they considered replacing with something which would indicate them. Thus, the casino chips happen to be introduced within the gambling business.
Poker rooms started using casino chips to simply manage the cash and then collect charges. In those days, casino chips were created of ivory, bone, paper  wood. However, the most generally used chips were created of composite clay. One problem made an appearance due to the developing casino chips which was cheating. Some players considered sneaking some chips in their hands. To avoid this, manufacturers created differentiated disks. Consequently, a range of styles was created. With time, other manufacturers could use many other materials for making casino chips, for example, plastic and metal.

Poker variations 
Texas hold'em
Omaha hold'em
Five card draw
Five card stud
Seven card stud

References

More reading
El Salvador () is the smallest and most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital and largest city is San Salvador. Other important cities are: Santa Ana and Sonsonate. El Salvador borders the Pacific Ocean on the south, and the countries of Guatemala to the west and Honduras to the north and east.

Background
In 2010 El Salvador ranked in the top 10 Latin American countries in terms of Human Development Index. It was in the top 3 in Central America (behind Costa Rica and Panama). Also, tropical forests and overall forests have expanded by nearly 20% from the year 1992 to 2010, making it one of the few countries experiencing reforestation.

In El Salvador there are only two seasons. The dry season starts in mid-October and it lasts until mid May. During the dry season, it hardly ever rains. The wet season starts in mid-May and ends in mid-October. In this season it rains every day. The dry season is called summer and the rainy season is called winter.
Most of the population is mestizo, a mixture of European and American people.

In June 2021, it became the first country in the world to make Bitcoin a legal tender. In September 2021, the country began accepting Bitcoin as an official currency, making it the first country to do so.

History

The civilization of El Salvador began around 1500 B.C., leaving an evidence that would be the Tazumal Ruins and Chalchuapa Ruins. The first habitants were Pocomanes, Lencas and Pipiles; they stayed in the middle and east zone of El Salvador until about the eleventh century. The Spaniard Andrés Niño led an expedition from Central America and arrived in Meanguera Island in the Gulf of Fonseca on May 31, 1522. That was the first Salvadoran territory visited by Spaniard men.
During the following years, the country grew under Spaniard control. In 1810 a feeling of freedom formed between the countries of Central America. On the morning of November 5th, 1811, the priest José Matías Delgado rang the bells of La Merced Church in San Salvador, calling for an uprising. After many internal conflicts, the Declaration of Independence of Central América was signed in Guatemala on September 15th, 1821. That day is the Independence day all around Central America.

Geography
El Salvador has a total area of . As the smallest country in continental America, El Salvador is sometimes called Pulgarcito de America (the "Tom Thumb of the Americas"). The highest point in El Salvador is Cerro El Pital, at , on the border with Honduras.
El Salvador has a long history of destructive earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The capital San Salvador was destroyed in 1756 and 1854, and it suffered heavy damage in the 1919, 1982, and 1986 tremors. El Salvador has over twenty volcanoes. Two of them, San Miguel and Izalco, have been active in recent years.

El Salvador has over 300 rivers. The most important is the Rio Lempa. Important lakes are Lake Ilopango (70 km²) and Lake Coatepeque (26 km²).

Flora and Fauna
There are eight species of sea turtles in the world. Of these six nest on the coasts of Central America, and four make their home on the Salvadoran coast: the leatherback turtle, the hawksbill, the Galapagos green turtle and the olive ridley sea turtle.

It is estimated that there are 500 species of birds, 1,000 species of butterflies, 400 species of orchids, 800 species of trees, and 800 species of marine fish in El Salvador.
There are 4 national parks in El Salvador: El Imposible, Los Volcanes, Montecristo, and San Diego y San Felipe Las Barras.

Departments
El Salvador is divided into 14 departments (departamentos). These are divided into 262 municipalities (municipios).

Department names and abbreviations for the 14 Salvadoran Departments:

References

 
Spanish-speaking countries
1821 establishments in North America
Isabelle of Hainaut (5 April, 1170 - 15 March, 1190) was a Queen of France. She was born in Lille on 5 April 1170. Her father was Baldwin V of Hainaut and her mother was Margaret I of Flanders. She married Philip II of France in 1180.

1170 births
1190 deaths
Kings and Queens consort of France
People from Lille
is the Latin name used in science for the genus of about 20 species of strawberries, plants in the rose family that grow small sweet red fruit. The most well-known and most grown of these species is the strawberry Fragaria× ananassa. The other species are informally known as the wildstrawberries.

Name is a Latin word for the group of "strawberry-like" plants, formed by putting  ("strawberry") together with the ending , which here means something close to the English "-like".
History
People have eaten different kinds of wild strawberries for thousands of years. In Europe, people usually grew the woodland strawberry. Dutch people learned how to eat them through most of the year by planting their seeds at different times, letting them harvest for nine months of the year. The Alpine strawberry became popular around the 1650s because it was a little bigger and could grow in places with less strong sunlight, like the British islands in the late fall. Today's bigger "garden" strawberry was first made around Brest in Brittany (northwest France) in the 1750s. It was made by joining the Virginia strawberry from eastern North America to the European Hautbois and the Chilean strawberry from western South America.

Kinds
The species of the genus  are:

 Strawberry or garden strawberry ()
 Woodland strawberry ()
 Alpine strawberry ()
 Virginia strawberry ()
 Chilean strawberry ('')

Fruit
Fruit

The real fruit of the strawberries are the achenes, which people usually think of as the little seeds around the outside of the larger red "fruit". What people think is the "fruit" is really the swollen stems between these fruit. This kind of fruit, where different ovaries grow into a single larger fruit, is called an "aggregate fruit".

References

Strawberries
1859 was a common year.

Events 
 The Suez Canal begins to be built in Egypt.
 January 24 - Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexander John Cuza under the name Romania (see December 1 1918 for the final unification, Transylvania and other regions are still missing at that time).

Deaths 
 Date unknown – Mahmud Bayazidi, Kurdish polymath
John Brown
Paul Simon (born October 13, 1941) is an American musician and songwriter. He is of Jewish descent and became famous as a member of Simon and Garfunkel, with his friend, Art Garfunkel. He wrote their songs. The two went their separate ways in the early 1970s and since then Simon has become a successful solo artist.

Paul Simon had his first success in 1958 when his song "Hey Schoolgirl" got to Number 49 on the US charts. He was performing with his friend Art Garfunkel in an act called "Tom and Jerry". His next success was in 1965 with "Sounds of Silence" which went to Number 1. This was also performed with Garfunkel under the name "Simon and Garfunkel.

Some of Simon's most famous songs include "Slip Sliding Away", "American Tune", "Late in the Evening", "Still Crazy After All These Years", "Me and Julio Down By the School Yard" and "50 Ways to Leave Your Lover". His 1986 album Graceland is very well-known. He is still producing music. His newest album is called Surprise.
Simon has received three honorary doctorates in music, including one from Yale University and one from Berklee College of Music. In 2006, Time said that he was one of the 100 people who shape our world.

Discography
 Paul Simon (WEA), 1972
 There Goes Rhymin' Simon, (WEA), 1973
 Still Crazy After All These Years, (WEA), 1975
 One-Trick Pony, (Warner Bros.), 1980
 Hearts and Bones, (Warner Bros.), 1983
 Graceland, (Warner Bros.), 1986
 Rhythm of the Saints, (Warner Bros) 1990
 Songs from the Capeman, (Warner Bros.), 1997
 You're the One, (Warner Bros), 2000
 Surprise, (Warner Bros), 2006
 So Beautiful or So What, 2011
 Stranger to Stranger, 2016
 In the Blue Light]], 2018
 Seven Psalms, 2023

References

1941 births
Living people
20th-century American musicians
American pop singers
Jewish American musicians
Kennedy Center honorees
Shirley Jones (b. March 31, 1934) is an American and singer and actress. She appeared in movie musicals, singing a leading role in movies such as Oklahoma!, The Music Man, and Carousel. 

Jones had a supporting role in the movie Elmer Gantry, starring actor Burt Lancaster. She is also famous for her role as Shirley Partridge on the television series The Partridge Family.

Personal life
She was married to Jack Cassidy, from 1956 to 1975, and had three sons with him, Shaun, Patrick, and Ryan. Her stepson is David Cassidy who co-starred with her on The Partridge Family. After she divorced Cassidy she married Marty Ingels on November 13, 1977. Their marriage would last until Ingels' death in October 2015.

Other websites 
 http://www.shirleyjones.com 
 

1934 births
Living people
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Pennsylvania
Singers from Pennsylvania
Warner Bros. Records artists
Jackson DeForest Kelley (January 20, 1920 – June 11, 1999) was an American actor.

Roles 
Kelley is most famous for his role as Dr. Leonard McCoy of the USS Enterprise in the television series Star Trek and the six movies that followed.

Also known as well as an older Admiral Dr. Leonard McCoy, Star Fleet Surgeon General Emeritus, in the Star Trek: The Next Generation television pilot, "Encounter at Farpoint".

Other websites 
 
 

1920 births
1999 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Atlanta
Deaths from stomach cancer
Scott Bakula (October 9, 1954) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles on the television shows, Quantum Leap and Star Trek: Enterprise.

Other websites

Shenandoah at Ford's Theatre. 
Scott Bakula 2000 Interview  on Sidewalks Entertainment

American television actors
Actors from St. Louis, Missouri
1954 births
Living people
Forestry means working to take care of forests.  Someone who has a job looking after forests is called a forester.
 
Forests are very important for the world today. Much of the water cycle and carbon cycle goes through forests. Many of them are disappearing because people destroy them for firewood or to make farms. A forester makes sure the forest and all the animals that live there are healthy.  Foresters also make sure the forest is in good condition for people to use.  They makes sure that forests are not destroyed by wildfires before they are ready to use for timber production (cutting down trees to use the wood).
Forests are important for recreation (letting people enjoy them).  They are very important today because humans produce a lot of carbon dioxide and the trees in forests help to turn this back into oxygen, which we breathe to live. Foresters also help the government figure out what to do about artificial forestry. Many universities offer forestry courses. Forestry students also study zoology, botany and ecology.

Natural sciences
This is a list of soccer clubs in the United States.

Major League Soccer 
 Eastern Conference
Atlanta United FC
Charlotte FC
Chicago Fire FC
Columbus Crew 
FC Cincinnati
D.C. United
Inter Miami CF
CF Montréal
New England Revolution
New York City FC
New York Red Bulls
Orlando City SC
Philadelphia Union
Toronto FC
 Western Conference
Austin FC
Colorado Rapids
FC Dallas
Houston Dynamo FC
LA Galaxy
Los Angeles FC
Minnesota United FC
Nashville SC
Portland Timbers
Real Salt Lake
San Jose Earthquakes
Seattle Sounders FC
Sporting Kansas City
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
 Future teams
 St. Louis City SC – starts play in 2023
San Diego MLS Team working name San Diego FC - starts play in 2025

USL Championship
Eastern Conference
Atlanta United 2
Birmingham Legion
Charleston Battery
Detroit City FC
Hartford Athletic
Indy Eleven
Loudoun United
Louisville City FC
Memphis 901
Miami FC
New York Red Bulls II
Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC
Tampa Bay Rowdies
FC Tulsa
Western Conference 
Colorado Springs Switchbacks  
El Paso Locomotive FC
LA Galaxy II
Las Vegas Lights FC
Monterey Bay FC
New Mexico United
Oakland Roots SC
Orange County SC
Phoenix Rising FC
Portland Timbers 2
Rio Grande Valley FC Toros
Sacramento Republic FC
San Antonio FC
San Diego Loyal SC

On hiatus
OKC Energy FC – plans to resume play in 2023
 Fort Worth – last played in 2021 as Austin Bold FC; relocated to Fort Worth and plans to resume play in 2024

Future teams
Queensboro FC – plans to start play in 2023
 Buffalo – plans to start play in 2023
 Rhode Island FC – plans to start play in 2023
 Des Moines – plans to start play in 2024

USL League One 
One of three leagues that forms the current third level.
 Central Valley Fuego FC
 Charlotte Independence
 Chattanooga Red Wolves SC
 Forward Madison FC
 Greenville Triumph FC
 North Carolina FC
 Northern Colorado Hailstorm FC
 Union Omaha
 Richmond Kickers
 South Georgia Tormenta FC
 FC Tucson
Future teams
 Fort Wayne FC – plans to start play in 2023
 Lexington SC – plans to start play in 2023
 Spokane – plans to start play in 2023

National Independent Soccer Association 

 AC Syracuse Pulse
 Albion San Diego
 Bay Cities FC
 California United Strikers FC
 Chattanooga FC
 Flower City Union
 Los Angeles Force
 Maryland Bobcats
 Michigan Stars FC
 Valley United FC

MLS Next Pro 
Formed in 2021, starting play in 2022, as a dedicated MLS developmental league also at the third level. Of the 21 teams in the first season, only Rochester New York FC is not owned and operated by an MLS team.
Eastern Conference
 Chicago Fire FC II
 FC Cincinnati 2
 Columbus Crew 2
 Inter Miami CF II
 New England Revolution II
 New York City FC II
 Orlando City B
 Philadelphia Union II
 Rochester New York FC
 Toronto FC II
Western Conference
 Colorado Rapids 2
 Houston Dynamo 2
 Minnesota United 2
 North Texas SC (FC Dallas)
 Portland Timbers 2
 Real Monarchs
 San Jose Earthquakes II
 Sporting Kansas City II
 St. Louis City SC 2
 Tacoma Defiance (Seattle Sounders FC)
 Whitecaps FC 2 (Vancouver)
USL League Two
Central Conference
Great Lakes Division
Chicago Fire Premier – reserve side of the MLS team
Chicago Inferno
Cincinnati Kings
Hamilton Rage (from Hamilton, Ontario)
Forest City London (from London, Ontario)
Flint City Bucks
River City Rovers (from Louisville, Kentucky)
Toronto Lynx
Heartland Division
Des Moines Menace
Kansas City Brass
Real Colorado Foxes (from Highlands Ranch, a suburb of Denver)
Springfield Demize
St. Louis Lions
Thunder Bay Chill
WSA Winnipeg
Eastern Conference
Mid-Atlantic Division
Baltimore Bohemians
Bermuda Hogges
Brooklyn Knights
Central Jersey Spartans
Jersey Express
Long Island Rough Riders
New Jersey Rangers
Ocean City Nor'easters
Reading United
Westchester Flames
Northeast Division
Boston Victory
Connecticut FC Azul
GPS Portland Phoenix
Ottawa Fury
Seacoast United Phantoms (from Portsmouth, New Hampshire)
Vermont Voltage
Western Mass Pioneers
Worcester Hydra
South Atlantic Division
Carolina Dynamo
Fredericksburg Hotspur
Nashville Metros
Northern Virginia Royals
Palmetto FC Bantams (from Greenwood, South Carolina)
Real Maryland Monarchs
Southern West Virginia King's Warriors (from Beckley)
Virginia Beach Piranhas
West Virginia Chaos (from Charleston)
Southern Conference
Mid-South Division
Austin Aztex
El Paso Patriots
Laredo Heat
New Orleans Jesters
Texas Dutch Lions
West Texas Sockers (from Midland)
Southeast Division
Bradenton Academics
FC JAX Destroyers
Fort Lauderdale Schulz Academy
Mississippi Brilla (from Jackson)
Ocala Stampede
Orlando City U-23 – reserve side of the USL Pro team Orlando City
Panama City Beach Pirates
VSI Tampa Flames
Western Conference
Northwest Division
Fraser Valley Mariners (from Abbotsford, British Columbia)
Kitsap Pumas (from Bremerton, Washington)
North Sound SeaWolves (from Everett, Washington)
Portland Timbers U23's – reserve side of the MLS team
Seattle Sounders U23's – reserve side of the MLS team
Vancouver Whitecaps Residency – reserve side of the MLS team
Victoria Highlanders
Washington Crossfire (from Seattle, plays home games in nearby Redmond)
Southwest Division
BYU Cougars – owned and operated by Brigham Young University, but not part of the school's NCAA athletic department
Fresno Fuego
Pali Blues – reserve side of the USL Pro team Los Angeles Blues
Los Angeles Misioneros
Ogden Outlaws
Orange County Blue Star
Southern California Seahorses
FC Tucson
Ventura County Fusion
Structure of women's soccer
The professional division of U.S. Soccer has had three different first-division women's leagues. The first, the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA), was founded in 2001, but folded due to large debts after the 2003 season. The second, Women's Professional Soccer (WPS), was effectively a successor to WUSA, although it did not begin until 2009. Like WUSA before it, WPS played three seasons, but also lost large amounts of money; it first decided not to play its planned 2012 season, and then completely folded in May of that year.
In late 2012, a totally new top-level league was created, known as the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). It was run by U.S. Soccer until 2020, and started play in 2013 with eight teams, four of which had been members of WPS. The league added teams in 2014 and 2016 to become a 10-team league, making it the first professional women's league in the U.S. to have more than eight teams and last more than three seasons. The league dropped to 9 teams in 2017, but returned to 10 in 2021 and further expanded to 12 for 2022.

Women's United Soccer Association
Operated from 2001 to 2003.
Atlanta Beat
Boston Breakers
Carolina Courage
New York Power
Philadelphia Charge
San Diego Spirit
San Jose CyberRays
Washington Freedom
Women's Professional Soccer
Operated from 2009 to 2011.
Atlanta Beat (joined WPS in 2010)
Boston Breakers (now in the NWSL)
Chicago Red Stars (dropped to the WPSL after the 2010 season; later in WPSL Elite, and now in the NWSL)
FC Gold Pride (from the San Francisco Bay Area; folded after the 2010 season)
Los Angeles Sol (folded after the 2009 season)
magicJack (formerly the Washington Freedom; played in South Florida)
Philadelphia Independence (joined WPS in 2010)
Saint Louis Athletica (folded during the 2010 season)
Sky Blue FC (from the New York City area; now in the NWSL as NJ/NY Gotham FC)
Washington Freedom (moved to South Florida after the 2010 season and renamed magicJack)
Western New York Flash (an offshoot of the WPSL's Buffalo Flash, and playing home games in Rochester; joined WPS in 2011, later moved to WPSL Elite, still later to the NWSL; now a youth-only operation)
WPSL Elite
 ASA Chesapeake Charge (based in the Baltimore area)
 Boston Breakers
 Chicago Red Stars
 FC Indiana (based in the Indianapolis area; plays throughout the state)
 New England Mutiny (based in the Springfield, Massachusetts area)
 New York Fury (based on Long Island)
 Philadelphia Fever
 Western New York Flash

National Women's Soccer League
Currently Operating
 Angel City FC
 Chicago Red Stars
 Houston Dash
 Kansas City Current
 NJ/NY Gotham FC
 North Carolina Courage
 OL Reign
 Orlando Pride
 Portland Thorns FC
 Racing Louisville FC
 San Diego Wave FC
 Washington Spirit
W-League
Central Conference
Atlantic Division
Atlanta Silverbacks
Bradenton Athletics
Carolina Dynamo
Central Florida Krush
Charlotte Lady Eagles
Cocoa Expos
Hampton Roads Piranhas
Richmond Kickers Destiny
Midwest Division
Chicago Gaels
Cincinnati Ladyhawks
Cleveland Internationals
Fort Wayne Fever
London Gryphons
Michigan Hawks
Minnesota Lightning
West Michigan Firewomen
Eastern Conference
Northeast Division
Boston Renegades
Long Island Lady Riders
New Hampshire Lady Phantoms
New Jersey Wildcats
New York Magic
Northern Virginia Majestics
South Jersey Banshees
Western Mass Lady Pioneers
Northern Division
Hamilton Avalanche
Laval Comets
Ottawa Fury
Rochester Rhinos
Sudbury Canadians
Toronto Lady Lynx
Vermont Lady Voltage
Western Conference
Fort Collins Force
Mile High Edge
Real Colorado Cougars
San Diego Gauchos
Seattle Sounders
Vancouver Whitecaps
Professional indoor soccer
Indoor soccer is a form of soccer played inside a building, sometimes called an arena, instead of in a stadium on a grass field.   There is one league playing indoor soccer in North America, and that is the Major Arena Soccer League.  The MASL is part of the USSF. It is also the only league in the United States to have a Mexican team.

Major Arena Soccer League (MASL)
 Eastern Division
 Baltimore Blast
 Harrisburg Heat
 Syracuse Silver Knights
 Waza Flo 
 Central Division
 Cedar Rapids Rampage
 Chicago Mustangs
 Milwaukee Wave
 Kansas City Comets
 St. Louis Ambush
 Southwest Division
 Atletico Baja (Mexico)
 Brownsville Barracudas
 Las Vegas Legends
 Saltillo Rancho Seco (Mexico)
 Sacramento Surge
 Turlock Express
 Pacific Division
 Dallas Sidekicks
 Ontario Fury
 San Diego Sockers
 Sonora Suns (Mexico)
 Tacoma Stars

Related pages
United States soccer league system
Other websites 
Official sites
U.S. Soccer Federation
Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup 
Major League Soccer
National Women's Soccer League
United Soccer League, operator of:
USL Championship
USL League One
USL League Two
USL W League
National Independent Soccer Association
Major Indoor Soccer League 
Women's Premier Soccer League

Lists of football teams
Soccer teams
Events
The poet, Homer is thought to have lived.
Dido, Queen of Carthage is thought to have lived.
 804 BC - The empire of Assyria takes over the city of Damascus. 
 804 BC - The Egyptian ruler Pedubastis I dies.
 Ancient Italian society develops.
 Olmec people start to build pyramids.
Oregon is a state in the United States. Salem is the capital (where most of the state government works), and Portland is the city with the most people. Oregon was the 33rd state to join the United States, in 1859.

Geography
The state of Washington is to the north of Oregon. California and Nevada are to the south. Idaho is to the east. The Pacific Ocean is to the west.

The Columbia River flows along most of the border with Washington. The Snake River flows along much of the border with Idaho. The highest mountain is Mount Hood ( high), part of the Cascade Range of mountains. Another famous Cascade Mountain in Oregon is Mount Mazama, better known as Crater Lake.
History
Oregon was a long way from the United States of America, which was east of the Mississippi river in the 1830s and 1840s. To get to Oregon, settlers had to cross the Great Plains, which were empty except for a few forts and groups of Native Americans. Most people thought that it was impossible to farm there. They called it the "Great American Desert", because crossing it was long and dangerous; however, thousands did anyway.

Mountain men (people who knew a lot about living in mountainous places) had found a passway over the Rocky Mountains, and they named it the South Pass. This path helped many wagons to reach the west coast. In 1836 a missionary named Marcus Whitman crossed through the pass with his wife to Oregon. This proved that it was possible for others with women and families to go too, and because of this, Oregon suddenly became the place pioneers wanted to make a trip to.
Most of the settlers that came by the Oregon Trail had a very difficult trip. The Trail began in Missouri, and they went in covered wagons pulled by animals like bulls. They could only travel 100 miles in one week, and so the whole trip would take half a year. But still, lots of pioneers traveled so much that it is still possible to see the wagon ruts in some places today.

Life on the trail was very hard for the pioneers. Every day, they would break up and camp, travel all day, and set up camp again. Food was usually beans and coffee, for every single day of the trip. The travelers always searched for water, wood for fires, and something to catch and eat fresh. But these were hard to find, and so sometimes they got mad at each other and fought with fists and guns.

The Trail was also dangerous. Rivers could flood, washing away people and other things. Native Americans could attack, oxen or horses could die, and diseases and injuries could strike.
By 1840, due to all the hard work of the pioneers, there were thousands of Americans in Oregon. Towns and farms had been set up. The area was part of British North America at the time. But the British, however, only had a few hundred settlers in Oregon. Because of this, the Americans began to plan to take over the whole land.

Many Americans wanted this as well. They made up the slogan, "Fifty-four Forty or Fight!" and wanted all of Oregon up to latitude 54 or they would go to war with Britain to get it. They were so eager to have Oregon all for themselves, they supported James Polk as president because he claimed to have similar thoughts with them as well.
However, after President Polk was elected, he began to be more sensible. He did not want to wage war with Britain, if it could be avoided. The British also realized that the Americans would soon have enough settlers in Oregon to easily drive out the British defenders. In 1846 the British offered to divide Oregon by giving most of the border land between the USA and what is now Canada. President Polk accepted this, and so now the Americans had power over Oregon as well as the other states.

Education
There are a number of colleges and universities in Oregon. The four-year universities with the most students are Portland State University, Oregon State University, and the University of Oregon.

Related pages
 List of counties in Oregon

References

Other websites
 Official Oregon website

 
1859 establishments in the United States
Arkansas, nicknamed the Land of Opportunity or The Natural State, is a state in the United States of America. Its capital and largest city is Little Rock. The 2020 census counted 3,013,756 people living in Arkansas.

History
Arkansas became the 25th state to enter the Union in 1836. During the American Civil War, Arkansas was one of the Confederate states, however, it was the second state to be put back in to the U.S. in the Reconstruction. Native Americans first settled in the state before the arrival of Europeans. African American slaves were imported to Arkansas for slavery.

Geography

Arkansas has many rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Arkansas has few natural lakes but many reservoirs such as Bull Shoals Lake, Lake Ouachita, Greers Ferry Lake, Millwood Lake, Beaver Lake, Norfork Lake, DeGray Lake, and Lake Conway.
Arkansas is home to many caves, such as Blanchard Springs Caverns. More than 43,000 Native American living, hunting and tool making sites have been catalogued by the State Archeologist. Arkansas is currently the only U.S. state in which diamonds are mined. This is done by members of the public with primitive digging tools for a small daily fee, not by commercial interests.

Arkansas is home to a bunch of wood Areas adding around . These areas are set for outdoor playing and are open to hunting, fishing, hiking, and camping. No vehicles are able to drive in these areas.

Religion

Arkansas, like most other Southern states, is part of the Bible Belt. It is mostly Protestant. The largest denominations by number of followers in 2000 were the Southern Baptist Convention with 665,307; the United Methodist Church with 179,383; the Roman Catholic Church with 115,967; and the American Baptist Association with 115,916.
Education
Education in Arkansas has been an issue. Part of the problem has been low teacher salaries and small budgets for spending on students. Other problems have been not wanting to integrate, and poor school facilities.

Arkansas has two university systems: Arkansas State University System and University of Arkansas System. Some other public institutions are Arkansas Tech University, Henderson State University, Southern Arkansas University, and University of Central Arkansas. It is also home to 11 private colleges and universities. One of them being Hendrix College, one of the nation's top 100 liberal arts colleges, according to U.S. News & World Report.
Culture
Arkansas is liked for its bauxite mines. Arkansas was also the first U.S. state where diamonds were found. Liked Arkansans are Bill Clinton, who was governor of Arkansas before he became the President of the United States, Sam Walton, the ceo of Wal-Mart, Johnny Cash, a famous guitar player known as "The Man In Black", and Rodger Bumpass, Who is the voice Squidward Tentacles on the Nickelodeon show SpongeBob SquarePants.

Attractions
Arkansas is home to many areas protected by the National Park System. These include:
 Arkansas Post National Memorial at Gillett
 Buffalo National River
 Fort Smith National Historic Site
 Hot Springs National Park
 Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site
 Pea Ridge National Military Park
 President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site
 Clinton House Museum

Related pages
 List of counties in Arkansas
 List of rivers of Arkansas

Notes

References

 
1836 establishments in the United States
Confederate States of America
Robert Englund (born June 6, 1949 in Glendale, California) is an American actor. He is most famous for playing Freddy Krueger in the A Nightmare on Elm Street movies.

References

Other websites

Robert Englund's official website

Robert Englund interview with the Horror Asylum 
Robert Englund interview by Ladyghost 
Robert Englund interview by AOL Canada 
Robert Englund interview with The Phantom Zone 

1949 births
Living people
American movie actors
A Nightmare on Elm Street
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Glendale, California
Henry IV (13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was part of the Capetian dynasty and the first king of the Bourbon family in France.

Life
Henry IV was born in Pau. He was the son of Antoine de Bourbon and Jeanne of Navarre. He was baptised in a Catholic ceremony, but as he grew up, his mother led him to become a Protestant. On 18 August 1572, Henry married Margaret of Valois. She was the sister of Charles IX. He became the King of Navarre in the same year.
Henry of Navarre could now be crowned King of France, but he still faced opposition from the Catholic League. After four years of fighting, he decided to convert to being Catholic. He supposedly said "Paris is well worth a Mass." After this, the opposition to Henry died down. In 1598, Henry made the Edict of Nantes. This law allowed people in France to be Protestant, even though most people were Catholic. In Europe at the time, a policy like this was unusual. Most countries forced people to be either Catholic or Protestant. However, the Edict did not make the Protestants fully equal.

Henry's children were Louis XIII and Henrietta Maria of France, who married Charles I and became the Queen of England.  He was a friend of Michel of Montaigne.

During his reign, he built the Grande Galerie onto the Louvre. Two landmarks in Paris were started during his reign: the Pont Neuf and the Place des Vosges.

Henry was murdered by a Catholic fanatic on a street in Paris on 14 May 1610.
Reputation 
At first, many people in France did not want Henry to be king, because he was a Protestant. Although this mostly ended once he joined the Catholic Church, some Catholics called him a liar, while some Protestants called him a traitor. It was only after his death that he became known as Good King Henry (in French, le bon roi Henri) and one of France's most popular kings. During the early years of the French Revolution, Henry IV was celebrated as an example of what a king should be. He was also celebrated during the Bourbon Restoration.

Henry IV is remembered for being the king who ended the French Wars of Religion, and for his policy of allowing more than one church in his country, which was unusual in those days. He was also known for trying to make sure that poor people had enough to eat. He once said he wished that there could be "a chicken in every pot on a Sunday."
In 2010 scientists found part of his embalmed head and used forensic tests to prove that it was his.  It had been stolen from the tombs of the French kings and queens in Saint Denis in 1793 at the time of the French Revolution.

Children

References

1553 births
1610 deaths
Kings and Queens of France
House of Bourbon
French Roman Catholics
People with foods named after them
Princes of Andorra
Navarrese monarchs
People from Pau, France
Margaret of Valois (May 14, 1553 – May 27, 1615) was a Princess of France and a member of the house of Valois.

Her father was Henry II of France and her mother was Catherine of Medici. She was also the sister of Francis II of France, Charles IX of France and Henry III of France. Margaret was then married to Henry IV of France.

The author Alexandre Dumas, père wrote a book about Margaret called Queen Margot.

1553 births
1615 deaths
House of Valois
French princesses
Queen Margot is a book written in 1845 by Alexandre Dumas, père.  It is a story about Margaret of Valois and Henry IV of France.  The same writer wrote many other books including The Man in the Iron Mask, The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers.

1840s books
Historical novels
Books by Alexandre Dumas, père
Henrietta Maria of France (November 25, 1609 - September 10, 1669) was the youngest daughter of Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici. She was born in the Louvre Palace in Paris on November 25, 1609. She was a Roman Catholic.

Henrietta Maria married Charles I and became the Queen of England.

Issue

1609 births
1669 deaths
People from Paris
Kings and Queens consort of England
House of Stuart
House of Bourbon
Kings and Queens consort of Scotland
Burials at the Basilica of St Denis
French Roman Catholics
Madonna can mean:

 Mary, mother of Jesus, called "The Madonna".
 Madonna (entertainer) - American singer, actress, and writer.
 Madona, a city in Latvia.
During her career, she has sold over 400 million records worldwide and is the top-selling female artist of all time.  Some of her most famous albums are Like a Virgin, True Blue, Like a Prayer, Ray of Light and Confessions On a Dance-Floor. She has won seven Grammy awards. Madonna is considered the  "Queen Of Pop" due to her extremely successful career on music and for being the most selling female singer in history. She has been in many movies; she received positive reviews for her role in Desperately Seeking Susan (1985). Her later movies received mixed reviews. She received critical acclaim and a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for Evita (1996).  She got harsh feedback for other performances.
1958-1983 Early life and career 
Madonna was born at Mercy Hospital in Bay City, Michigan, She is third child and first daughter from Madonna Louise (née Fortin) and Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone, She had four brothers and two sister by her family, Her name Madonna is from her mother side that, She is from Roman Catholic family by parents, She is Confirmation on 1966, Finally Her mother is died by Breast cancer in December 1963, His father remarried to housekeeper Joan Gustafson, They have two children Jennifer and Mario, Madonna is had one half-sister and one half-brother by her family. Madonna study at St. Frederick's and St. Andrew's Catholic Elementary Schools, and West Middle School and Rochester Adams High School, where she became a straight-A student and a member of the cheerleading squad, She is study University of Michigan and then She studied over the summer at the American Dance Festival in Durham, North Carolina.
1983–89:  Madonna, Like a Virgin, True Blue, and Like a Prayer
After the release of some dance hits she released her first album, Madonna, in 1983. The album was a great success. Her next album, Like a Virgin (1984), sold over 6 million copies in the United States only and overall 10 million copies worldwide. Her album True Blue has sold 25 million copies. Her album Like a Prayer caused controversy, as it had to do with Christianity but the album sold over 15 million records worldwide. During the 1980s, Madonna was a huge fashion icon and was an idol for millions of girls and boys. Songs like Like a Virgin, Material Girl, Into the Groove, Papa Don't Preach, Holiday, Lucky Star, La Isla Bonita, and Like a Prayer are believed to be classics.
In 1990, she released her best selling greatest-hits album The Immaculate Collection which sold over 30 million copies, and this album became the most-sold greatest-hits album in music history. She released a book of naked pictures called SEX in that year. Her album Erotica was a big hit but was criticized by some, the album sold 5 million copies.  Madonna starred in the film A League of Their Own, alongside American actor Tom Hanks and comedienne Rosie O'Donnell.  In 1994, her album Bedtime Stories was released. She also performed in the movie Evita, which was very successful and released a soundtrack album of the same name.  She also received the Golden Globe for Best Actress. Her 1998 album Ray of Light is considered to be a masterpiece and sold over 18 million copies worldwide. Some of her most famous and classic songs of the '90s are Vogue, This Used to Be My Playground, Erotica, Take a Bow, Don't Cry for Me Argentina, You Must Love Me, Frozen and Ray of Light.
In 2000, her album Music sold over 15 million copies worldwide, helped by the global hit song of the same name. Music became her twelfth number-one song on the Billboard Hot 100. She also released a successful greatest hits album titled GHV2.  Madonna acted in the film The Next Best Thing, along with Swept Away, which got bad reviews. On October 22, 2002, a single called Die Another Day was released. The music video for the single was the second most expensive music video ever to make. The single reached number one in several countries. Her 2003 album, American Life, reached #1 in many countries but it was criticized by some, as it was against war in Iraq and sold 5 million copies. In 2005, her album Confessions on a Dance Floor, helped by the singles Hung Up and Sorry that reached #1 in 45 countries, sold 12 million copies. In 2008 she released her album Hard Candy which reached #1 in almost every country in the world and has sold over 4 million copies worldwide
. The first single from the album, 4 Minutes, had Justin Timberlake singing in it.
2011–present:  W.E., MDNA, Rebel Heart, and Madame X
In 2011, W.E., the second movie directed by Madonna, was released. It got bad reviews.

Madonna performed at the 46th Super Bowl on February 5, 2012. She released her twelfth album, MDNA, in April of that year.  The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 album chart.  Trinidadian-born American rapper Nicki Minaj was featured on the lead single, Give Me All Your Luvin''', which reached the top ten in the United States and reached number one in Canada.  Minaj also raps on the album track I Don't Give A.

Madonna's thirteenth studio album, Rebel Heart, was released in March 2015. It featured the singles Living For Love and Bitch I'm Madonna featuring frequent collaborator Nicki Minaj. The Rebel Heart World Tour made $169.8 million.
Her fourteenth studio album, Madame X, was released on June 14, 2019, and became her ninth number-one album in the US. It featured collaborations with Maluma, Quavo, Swae Lee & Anitta. It has sold 90,000 copies in the US so far. She will be going on a theatre-only tour to promote it.

Tours
Her tours during the 80's ("Who's That Girl Tour," "Blond Ambition Tour," etc.) were very successful. Her 1993 "The Girlie Show Tour" was very controversial—some thought of it as bad—but was a great success.  The "Drowned World Tour" and the "Re-Invention World Tour" were the most successful tours of their years. The "Confessions Tour" was very successful and the "Sticky & Sweet Tour," with over $408 million earned, became the most successful tour of all time for a solo artist.
 The Virgin Tour (1985) (US only): the tour grossed $33 million.
 Who's That Girl World Tour (1987): the tour grossed $25 million.
 Blond Ambition Tour (1990): the tour grossed $60 million.
 The Girlie Show World Tour (1993): the tour grossed $70 million.
 Drowned World Tour (2001): the tour grossed $75 million.
 Re-Invention World Tour (2004): the tour grossed $125 million.
 Confessions Tour (2006): the tour grossed $194 million.
 Sticky & Sweet Tour (2008-2009): the tour grossed $408 million.
MDNA Tour (2012): the tour grossed $302 million.
 Rebel Heart Tour (2015)Madame X Tour (2019)
Discography 

 Madonna (1983): 10 million copies sold.
 Like a Virgin (1984): 21 million copies sold.
 True Blue (1986): 25 million copies sold.
 Like a Prayer (1989): 15 million copies sold.
 Erotica (1992): 5 million copies sold.
 Bedtime Stories (1994): 7 million copies sold.
 Ray of Light (1998): 18 million copies sold.
 Music (2000): 15 million copies sold.
 American Life (2003): 4 million copies sold.
 Confessions on a Dance Floor (2005): 12 million copies sold.
 Hard Candy (2008): 4 million copies sold.
 MDNA (2012): 2 million copies sold.
 Rebel Heart (2015)
 Madame X (2019)

Madonna has had 12 number-one songs on the Billboard Hot 100.  They are:
 Like a Virgin Crazy for You Live to Tell Papa Don't Preach Open Your Heart Who's That Girl? Like a Prayer Vogue Justify My Love This Used to Be My Playground Take a Bow Music''

Personal life 
Madonna is the third of six siblings and was named after her mother, Madonna Fortin, who died of breast cancer when Madonna was only five years old.