Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Nagisa Oshima (March 31, 1932 – January 15, 2013) was a Japanese movie director and screenwriter. His movies include In the Realm of the Senses and Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence.

Oshima was born on March 31, 1932 in Kyoto. He studied at Kyoto University. Oshima was married to Akiko Koyama from 1960 until his death in 2013. Oshima died on January 15, 2013 in Fujisawa, Japan from pneumonia, aged 80.

References

Other websites

 Profile at Japan Zone
 Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database

1932 births
2013 deaths
Japanese movie directors
Japanese screenwriters
Deaths from pneumonia
People from Kyoto Prefecture
Educational psychology is a branch of psychology. It has ancient roots, but was mostly developed in the 20th century. It has two "faces", the scientific and the humanistic.

Two concepts 
Education as an objective science was strongly promoted around 1900 by Alfred Binet and Edward Thorndike. Binet it was who invented the first intelligence tests, and they were extended and promoted in English by Louis Terman. Binet's ideas were sympathetic to Thorndike, who was above all interested in turning psychology into a real science by research, measurement and empirical evidence. The arrival of World War I caused a huge conscription of men into the fighting services. Sorting out men of all types was an urgent problem. The intelligence tests proved to be very useful at helping get the right men into the right jobs. Not surprisingly, the use of IQ tests continued in education, where a similar problem of sorting out occurs in unselected public school enrollments.
The other way to look at educational psychology is to notice that a child is a growing person. Unlike most adults, the child is open to influence. Education does change a child. The emphasis on the child as a growing person is typical of humanistic psychology. It has many supporters, especially at primary school level. Examples of educators whose interest was humanistic include Johann Pestalozzi, Maria Montessori, John Dewey, and Jean Piaget. This type of approach is called "child-centered" education.

Public certification 
How these two approaches are balanced varies in different countries. Many countries have arrangements for certified psychologists to inluence schools and help children.
These posts are now called 'educational and child psychology' in the United Kingdom. Since a training overhaul in 2006, there is a 3-year taught doctorate similar to that of clinical psychology. In the United States it is still called school psychology. Educational and child psychology is the practice of applied psychology with children and families in the context of education and is usually based within a government local authority.

References 

Branches of psychology
Kermit Gosnell (1941-) is a physician with a clinic in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He has been charged with murdering babies born alive. A patient also died in his care. He is facing 8 charges of murder and a possible death penalty. State officials, despite awareness of bad things going on, did nothing to stop him from 1993 until the FBI raided his clinic in 2010 on an unrelated matter.

References

1941 births
American physicians
People from Philadelphia
Living people
Gary Player (born 1 November 1935) is a South African golfer. He was born in Johannesburg. He won the Masters Tournament three times, and nine major championships altogether. He is one of only five men to win all four majors.

Sportspeople from Johannesburg
South African golfers
White South African people
1935 births
Living people
The Australian Council of National Trusts (ACNT) is a national organization for community-based, non-government organisations that promote and conserve Australia's natural and historic heritage.
Begun in 1965, it joined together the eight National Trusts in each Australian state and territory. It provides them with a national office and national and international presence.

Together, the National Trusts own or manage over 300 heritage places. About 7000 people work as volunteers with and there are 350 paid employees. Around 1,000,000 people visit the properties and their collections in Australia each year.

Member organisations 
The member organisations are:
History 
It was based on the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty in England. Local campaigns to conserve native bushland and save old buildings were the forces that led to the first Australian national trusts in New South Wales in 1947, South Australia in 1955 and Victoria in 1956. They were followed later by Western Australia, Tasmania and Queensland.

Annie Forsyth Wyatt (1885-1961) was the driving force behind the beginning of the National Trust in Australia. She lived for much of her life in a cottage in Gordon, New South Wales, which is still standing.

References

Further reading 
 Ian Wyatt, Ours in Trust (1987), covers the early years of the NSW National Trust
 Mary Rhyllis Clark, In Trust (1996), recollections of the Victorian Trust pioneers

 Carol Cosgrove and Susan Marsden, Challenging times: the National Trust of South Australia 1955–2005, National Trust of South Australia, Adelaide 2005
Australian culture
Organizations based in Canberra
1965 establishments in Oceania
1960s establishments in Australia
Non-profit organizations of Australia
Conservation
Helena-West Helena is the county seat of and the largest city within Phillips County in eastern Arkansas. The city is near the Mississippi State border line. As of 2020, 9,519 people live in the city. The original Helena was established in 1833. In 2006, Helena and West Helena were consolidated into one city.

References

Cities in Arkansas
County seats in Arkansas
Talgai is an archaeological site, near Allora on the Darling Downs, south east of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In 1884 a Pleistocene era skull was found in Dalrymple Creek after a big flood. It was found by William Naish, a shearer, who was building a fence at the East Talgai station. The skull was that of a 14 year old boy who had lived about 11,000 years ago. Naish gave the skull to the owners of the station. It was purchased by the University of Sydney in 1914. It was the first fossil found which showed the early human occupation of Australia.

The skull was heavily encrusted with calcium carbonate and the shape had been distorted during long time buried in the ground. At first scientists thought it was a primitive skull with ape like teeth. Later study showed that the skull was a modern Homo sapien, the teeth were normal, but heavily worn. The boy had a massive injury to the side of his skull which was probably what had killed him.
In 1968 a Tom Haydon made a documentary movie, The Talgai Skull: An Investigation Into the Origin of the Australian Aborigines. It won the Australian Film Institute award for Best Documentary.

References

Archaeological sites in Australia
History of Australia
Queensland
Into Eternity are a Canadian progressive metal band from Regina, Saskatchewan. 

Into Eternity was formed in 1997 by band members Tim Roth, Scott Krall and Jim Austin. They released their eponymous debut studio album Into Eternity in 1999. They re-released their debut album when they signed to Century Media Records a year later. Their second album Dead or Dreaming was released in 2001. The album saw the band move more into a progressive and death metal style. Their third studio album Buried in Oblivion was released on February 10, 2004 and their fourth studio album The Scattering of Ashes was released on October 3, 2006.

The band then went on tour from 2006 to 2008 and released their fifth studio album The Incurable Tragedy on August 25, 2008.

Drummer Bryan Newbury joined the band on March 9, 2011 and Stu Block joined Iced Earth in 2011. Amanda Kiernan joined the band in February 2012. In July 2021, Stu Block rejoined Into Eternity as a second vocalist (in a duet with Amanda).
Band members 
Current
Tim Roth − Guitar, backing vocals (1997−present)
Troy Bleich − Bass, backing vocals (2004−present)
Stu Block − lead vocals (2005−2012, 2021-present)
Justin Bender − Guitar (2006−present)
Bryan Newbury − Drums (2011−present)
Amanda Kiernan − live lead vocals (2012−present)

Former
Jim Austin − Drums (1997−2006)
Chris Eisler − Guitar (1999)
Christopher McDougall − Keyboards (1999−2001)
Scott Krall − Bass and backing vocals (1997−2005)
Daniel Nargang − Guitar, clean vocals (2001)
Chris Krall − Clean and death vocals (2003−2004)
Rob Doherty − Guitar and death vocals (2003−2005) (†)
Collin Craig − Guitar (2006)
Dean Sternburger − Vocals (2004)
Adam Sagan − Drums (2005)
Steve Bolognese − Drums (2006−2011)

Discography

Albums
Into Eternity (1999)
Dead or Dreaming (2000)
Buried in Oblivion (2001)
The Scattering of Ashes (2006)
The Incurable Tragedy (2008)
The Sirens (2018)

References

Other websites 
Official website
1990s music groups
1997 establishments in Canada
2000s music groups
2010s music groups
Canadian heavy metal bands
Canadian thrash metal bands
Melodic death metal bands
Power metal bands
Progressive metal bands
People from Regina, Saskatchewan
Isabelle Lucy Allen (born 16 March 2002)  is an English stage and screen teen actress known for her role as the young Cosette in the 2012 film adaptation of Les Misérables.

Other websites
 Official website 

Living people
2002 births
English movie actors
British child actors
Stage actors
Television actors
Assumption College (), is a private Catholic school for boys in Thailand. It was founded in 1885 by Father Emile August Colombet, and is the third-oldest school in Thailand. Assumption College is in Bang Rak, Bangkok. The school is one of the four schools in Jaturamitr Samakkee, a traditional football match by four oldest boys' schools in Thailand including Suankularb Wittayalai School, Debsirin School and Bangkok Christian College.

The list of graduates includes four former Prime Ministers of Thailand, several businessmen, fifteens privy counselors, etc. A lot of students are Chinese Thais and the first student of school name Mr. Siew Meng Tek is also Chinese-Thai. Assumption College is the one of most famous schools in Thailand. As of today, more than 50,000 students have been educated at Assumption College.

Other websites
Assumption College official website

Schools
Buildings and structures in Bangkok
A scatter graph (also known as a scatter-plot) is a type of graph or diagram. 

It plots two variables of data along the x and y axes. It is used to show the relationship between two quantitative variables.

References

Mathematical tools
Diagrams
Hero (or Heron) of Alexandria () (c. 10–70 AD) was an ancient Greek mathematician and engineer. He lived and worked in Alexandria when Alexander the Great ruled. He is known for his inventions and experiments. One of his well known inventions was the Aeolipile (a simple steam turbine). He also discovered a way to calculate square roots, and Heron's formula for finding the area of a triangle.

Cajori says "Hero was a practical surveyor, so it is not surprising to find little resemblance between his writing and those of Euclid or Apollonius".

References

Other websites 

 
 
 Reconstruction of Heron’s Formulas for Calculating the Volume of Vessels
 The Pneumatics of Hero of Alexandria, from the Original Greek. Tr. and ed. by Bennet Woodcroft From the Collections at the Library of Congress

Ancient mathematicians
Egyptian engineers
10s births
70 deaths
People from Alexandria

Ancient Greeks
OS X 10.8 "Mountain Lion" is an operating system made by Apple Inc. for its Macintosh line of computers. It is a version of OS X, and carries the release number 10.8. It was released on July 25, 2012. According to Apple, "Mountain Lion" contains over 200 changes and improvements since OS X 10.7 "Lion".

History
"OS X 10.8" was announced February 16, 2012 along with the release of an unfinished (developer preview) version for people who are signed up to its "Developer Portal". The upgrade was released to the public on the Mac App Store on 25 July, 2012 after over 5 months in beta.
Notable New Features
Main features:
Notification Center - a place to see what has happened on your computer since you last checked.
Notes - an app to make notes on, similar to that on the iPad and iPhone.
Messages - send free "iMessages" to other Mac, iPhone and iPad users.
Reminders - make your Mac remind you about something, similar to the iPhone and iPad app.
Game Center - play games and compare scores with other Game Center users on Mac, iPhone and iPad.
AirPlay Mirroring - stream your Mac's screen to an Apple TV.
Power Nap - allows your Mac to download updates while asleep.
Safari 6 - includes a new search/address bar and a new way to see all your open tabs.
Dictation - allows you to dictate words to your Mac so you don't have to type.
Smaller features:
Updated dock - the dock has a more metallic look, rather than the glass look seen previously.
Facebook and Twitter integration - share files directly to Facebook and Twitter, and post/tweet from Notification Center.
Save to iCloud - save Pages, Keynote and Number's documents to iCloud.
Gatekeeper - stops apps from installing unless from the Mac App Store or approved by Apple.
Search Launchpad - search for an app in launchpad.

References 

MacOS
Sehnsa () is a large town in Azad Kashmir. It is a sub-district of the Kotli District.

Tehsils of Kotli District
The Turkish State Cemetery is the national cemetery of Turkey. It is in the capital, Ankara. The Turkish government made a law to create a national cemetery in a historic memorial park. It opened in 1988. The bodies of Turkish soldiers were moved here. Also, the bodies of some members of the Turkish government who had died were moved here.

Burials

Presidents 
 Cemal Gürsel, 4th president
 Cevdet Sunay, 5th president
 Fahri Korutürk, 6th president

Prime Ministers 
 Bülent Ecevit

Commanders 
1 Mareşal (Field marshal), 11 Birinci Feriks, 14 Feriks, 20 Mirlivas, 14 Miralay (Colonel)s and 1 Kaymakam (Lieutenant Colonel), who were selected from companion-in-arms of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in the Turkish War of Independence, in total 61 commanders rest here. But tombs of 11 commanders are empty and only symbolic monument.
1 Fevzi Çakmak, Müşir 1922 - Mareşal (Empty, his body lies in the of Türbe of Hüseyin Şeyh, Eyüp Sultan Mezarlığı
 2 Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Birinci Ferik 1926 (Empty, his body lies in an atrium of Alifuatpaşa Merkez Camii of Geybe
 3 Cevat Çobanlı, Birinci Ferik 1926
 4 Yakup Şevki Subaşı, Birinci Ferik 1926
 5 Fahrettin Altay, Birinci Ferik 1926
 6 Kâzım Özalp, Birinci Ferik 1926
 7 Kâzım Karabekir, Birinci Ferik 1927
 8 İzzettin Çalışlar, Birinci Ferik 1930 - Orgeneral
 9 Kâzım Orbay, Orgeneral 1935
 10 Abdurrahman Nafiz Gürman, Orgeneral 1940
 11 Salih Omurtak, Orgeneral 1940
 12 Mustafa Muğlalı, Orgeneral 1942 (Empty)
 13 Cemil Cahit Toydemir, Orgeneral 1942
 14 Sabit Noyan, Orgeneral 1945
 15 Kâzım İnanç, Ferik 1924
 16 Şükrü Naili Gökberk, Ferik 1926
 17 Ali Hikmet Ayerdem, Ferik 1926
 18 Kemalettin Sami Gökçen, Ferik 1926
 19 Naci Eldeniz, Ferik 1927
 20 Nihat Anılmış, Ferik 1928
 21 Mehmet Kâzım Dirik, Ferik 1928
 22 Nazmi Solok, Ferik 1930
 23 Ahmet Naci Tınaz, Ferik 1930
24 Ahmet Derviş, Ferik 1930 (Empty)
 25 Mehmet Kenan Dalbaşar, Ferik  1931
 26 Ömer Halis Bıyıktay, Ferik 1934 - Korgeneral
 27 Yusuf İzzet Met, Mirliva 1915 (Empty)
 28 Refet Bele, Mirliva 1922 (Empty, his body lies in Zincirlikuyu Mezarlığı)
 29 Rüştü Sakarya, Mirliva 1921
 30 Selâhattin Âdil, Mirliva 1923
 31 Kâzım Sevüktekin, Mirliva 1922
 32 Osman Nuri Koptagel, Mirliva 1922
 33 Hüseyin Nurettin Özsu, Mirliva 1922
 34 Mehmet Sabri Erçetin, Mirliva 1922
 35 Mürsel Bakû, Mirliva 1922
 36 Halit Karsıalan, Mirliva 1922
 37 Âşir Atlı, Mirliva  1925
 38 Akif Erdemgil, Mirliva 1927
 39 Sıtkı Üke, Mirliva 1927
 40 Mehmet Suphi Kula, Mirliva 1927 (Empty)
 41 Cavit Erdel, Mirliva 1927
 42 Alâattin Koval, Mirliva 1927
 43 Osman Zati Koral, Mirliva 1926
 44 Ahmet Zeki Soydemir, Mirliva 1927
 45 Nazif Kayacık, Mirliva 1928
 46 Mehmet Hayri Tarhan, Mirliva 1929
 47 Münip Özsoy, Miralay 1921
 48 Veysel Özgür, Miralay 1921 (Empty)
 49 Mehmet Arif Örgüç, Miralay 1921
 50 Şerif Yaçağaz, Miralay 1921 (Empty)
51 Ethem Servet Boral, Miralay 1921 (Empty)
 52 Ahmet Nuri Öztekin, Miralay 1921 (Empty)
 53 Mehmet Nâzım Bey, Şehit Miralay 1921
 54 Hasan Mümtaz Çeçen, Miralay 1921
 55 Reşat Çiğiltepe, Miralay 1922
 56 İbrahim Çolak, Miralay 1922
 57 Mehmet Hulusi Conk, Miralay 1922
 58 Halit Akmansü, Miralay 1922
 59 Mehmet Nuri Conker, Miralay 1920
 60 Ahmet Fuat Bulca, Miralay 1924
 61 Mahmut Nedim Hendek, Kaymakam 1922
Gallery 
Sculptures of Turkish history in the memorial park

Other websites 
 Turkish State Cemetery official website  

Buildings and structures in Turkey
National cemeteries
1981 establishments
Military monuments and memorials
Ankara
Chi Ling Dai Cheng (July 15, 1970 – April 13, 2013) was an American musician and bassist for alternative metal band Deftones. He was of Chinese ancestry.

He was also the author of a collection of poetry which was titled The Bamboo Parachute and was released in June 2000 as a spoken word album. He joined Deftones in 1988 and a recorded a four track demo with them soon after joining. He was also a practicing Buddhist.

Car accident and death
On November 4, 2008, Cheng was involved in a car accident in Santa Clara, California. Cheng was in the passenger seat, was not wearing a seat belt and was ejected from the vehicle. Cheng slipped into a coma and was showing signs of improvement in May 2010 but never recovered fully recovered. He died on April 13, 2013.

References

1970 births
2013 deaths
American Buddhists
American guitarists
American heavy metal musicians
Bassists
Musicians from California
Road accident deaths
Laura Marie Kaeppeler (b. March 2, 1988) is the former Miss America for 2012. She represented the State of Wisconsin during the Miss America Pageants in January 2012. She was the first Miss Wisconsin to win Miss America in almost forty years.

References

Beauty pageant winners
People from Wisconsin
1988 births
Living people
Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of both the State of Mexico and its surrounding municipality.

References

Capital cities in Mexico
Settlements in Mexico (state)
1520s establishments in Mexico
1522 establishments
Durango is a state in Mexico. It might also mean:

Durango, Durango, the capital of the state
Durango, Iowa, a city in the U.S. state of Iowa
Dodge Durango, an automobile
Angélica Rivera Hurtado (born August 2, 1969) is a Mexican telenovela actress and the former First Lady of Mexico. She is the wife of the President of Mexico, Enrique Peña Nieto. She is known for her roles on La Dueña (Mexico) (1995), Ángela (1998), Sin Pecado Concebido (2001), Mariana de la Noche (2003), and in Destilando Amor (2007).

Rivera was born on August 2, 1969 in Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico. She was married to José Alberto Castro from 1994 until they divorced in 2008. Then she was married to Enrique Peña Nieto from 2010 until they divorced in 2019. She has three children.

References

Other websites
Angélica Rivera on the Internet Movie Database
Biography and Galleries 
esmas biography and career source 
EnElBrasero (Fotos de Boda) wedding images 

1969 births
Living people
First Ladies of Mexico
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican voice actors
Actors from Mexico City
People from Colima
César Évora (born 'César Évora y Díaz; November 4, 1953) is a Cuban-Mexican actor who is known for his roles on Mexican telenovelas. He is the cousin of Cuban writer Daína Chaviano.

Évora was born on November 4, 1953 in Havana, Cuba. He is divorced from his first wife. Évora is currently married to Vivian Domínguez and has three children. Évora acquired Mexican citizenship in 1999.

References

1959 births
Living people
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican voice actors
Actors from Havana
Daína Chaviano (born 1960 in Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban writer. She is thought to be one of the three most important female fantasy and science fiction writers in the Spanish language, along with Angélica Gorodischer (Argentina) and Elia Barceló (Spain), forming the so-called “feminine trinity of science fiction in Latin America.” She is the cousin of Cuban-Mexican actor César Évora.

References

Other websites
Daína Chaviano's Official Web Site. English and Spanish.
Amazon.com Official Author's Page
Daína Chaviano's Page at Penguin
GoodRead Author's Page

1960 births
Living people
Writers from Havana
Angélica Gorodischer (28 July 1928 – 5 February 2022) was an Argentine  writer. She was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. She was known for her collection of short stories, which belong to a wide variety of genres, including science-fiction, fantasy, crime and stories with a feminist perspective.

Gorodischer died on 5 February 2022 at her home in Rosario, Argentina from cancer at the age of 93.
Some books
 Cuentos con soldados (Premio Club del Orden, Santa Fe, 1965. stories)
 Opus Dos (Ediciones Minotauro, Buenos Aires, 1967. novel)
 Las pelucas (Editorial Sudamericana, Buenos Aires, 1968. stories)
 Bajo las jubeas en flor (Ediciones De La Flor, Buenos Aires, 1973. stories)
 Casta luna electrónica (Ediciones Andrómeda, 1977. stories)
 Trafalgar (El Cid Editor, Buenos Aires, 1979. stories)
 Prodigios. Barcelona: Ed. Lumen, 1994. (novel)
 Tecnicas de supervivencia. Rosario: Ed. Municipal Rosario, 1994. (stories)
  Buenos Aires: Emecé, 1996. (novel)
 Cómo triunfar en la vida. Buenos Aires, Emecé, 1998. (stories)

References

1928 births
2022 deaths
Writers from Buenos Aires
Cancer deaths in Argentina
Thomas "Tom" Atkins (born November 13, 1935) is an American actor. He is known for playing a sheriff or police officer in horror movies. He starred as Dan Challis in Halloween III: Season of the Witch (1982).

Atkins was born on November 13, 1935 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He studied at Duquesne University. Atkins was married to Garn Stephens until they divorced. Then he was married to Janice Atkins since 1986. He has one child, Taylor Atkins.

References

Other websites
 
 

1935 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Pittsburgh
Djurgårdsandan (literally translated as ‘the Djurgården spirit’) is a corporate social responsibility (CSR) commitment. It was founded in 2006 by the Djurgården football association with other organizations related to Djurgården. This programme actively works with adolescents through a variety of social projects that range from health issues, ethnic integration and to crime reduction. In addition, other highly notable aims of Djurgårdsandan are a promotion of the values of the association and a positive ‘supporter culture’. 

Djurgårdsandan’s deals primarily with:

An active engagement with society
Work surrounding core values
Work in favour of a positive supporter culture

During the 2013 season of the elite and professional Swedish league (Allsvenskan), Djurgården’s kit will feature the logo of Djurgårdsandan.

Other websites
Djurgårdsandan 
Djurgårdsandan sport center 

2006 establishments in Europe
Non-profit organizations of Sweden
2000s establishments in Sweden
Woodhenge is a Neolithic henge and timber circle monument near Stonehenge. It is part of the UNESCO Stonehenge World Heritage Site in Wiltshire,  north-east of Stonehenge.

The site

Discovery 
Woodhenge was identified in 1925 by an aerial archaeology survey.

Date 
The structure was probably built during the period of the Beaker culture. This spanned both the late Neolithic and Britain's early Bronze Age.

The ditch has been dated to between 2470 and 2000 BC, which would be about the same time as, or slightly later than, construction of the stone circle at Stonehenge. The timber monument was probably earlier. Radiocarbon dating of artifacts shows that the site was still in use around 1800 BC.
Structure 
The site consists of six concentric oval rings of post holes, the outermost being about  wide. They are surrounded first by a single flat-bottomed ditch,  deep and up to  wide, and finally by an outer bank, about  wide and  high.  With an overall diameter measuring , the site had a single entrance to the northeast.

At the center of the rings, was a crouched inhumation of a child, which Cunnington interpreted as a dedicatory sacrifice. After excavation, the remains were taken to London, where they were destroyed during the Blitz, making further examination impossible. Cunnington also found a crouched inhumation of a teenager in a grave dug in the Eastern section of the ditch, opposite the entrance.
Most of the 168 post holes held wooden posts, although Cunnington found evidence that a pair of standing stones may have been placed between the second and third post hole rings. Recent excavations in 2006 have indicated that there were, in fact, at least five standing stones on the site, arranged in a "cove". The deepest post holes measured up to  – and are believed to have held posts which reached as high as  above ground. Those posts would have weighed up to 5 tons, and their arrangement was similar to that of the bluestones at Stonehenge. The positions of the postholes are currently marked with modern concrete posts – a simple and informative method of displaying the site.

Further comparisons with Stonehenge were quickly noticed by Cunnington – both have entrances oriented approximately to the midsummer sunrise, and the diameters of the timber circles at Woodhenge and the stone circles at Stonehenge are similar.
Simple tracings were made of Maud Cunnington's and Professor Alexander Thom's plans of Woodhenge, which when folded to find its major axis of symmetry indicated that the monument may be aligned on the moon. A GPS survey made in 2008 produced the same result.

Relationship with other monuments 
Over 40 years after the discovery of Woodhenge, another timber circle of comparable size was discovered in 1966. Known as the Southern Circle, inside of what came to be known as the Durrington Walls henge enclosure, only  north of Woodhenge.

It is likely that the timbers were freestanding, rather than part of a roofed structure.  For many years work on the study of Stonehenge had overshadowed any real breakthroughs in the understanding of Woodhenge. Ongoing investigations are part of the Stonehenge Riverside Project.
Theories have emerged in which the sites may all be integrated into an overall layout, in which the structures were linked by roads, and which incorporated the natural features of the River Avon. One suggestion is that the use of wood vs. stone may have held a special significance in the beliefs and practices involving the transformation between life and death.

References

Other websites

 Woodhenge - English Heritage Website

Henges
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom
Archaeological sites in Wiltshire
National Trust properties
Buildings and structures in Wiltshire
3rd millennium BC buildings and structures
This article is about metropolitan Tokyo. For more information, see Tokyo (disambiguation).

 is the official name for of the traditional  (1869-1943) and the associated municipalities of what was formerly  (1869-1943). It is the capital city and a prefecture of Japan on the island of Honshu.

Greater Tokyo includes land in the Kantō region and also the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands. Ten percent (10%) of the Japanese people live in Tokyo, and as many as twenty percent (20%) of the population live around it. As of 2007, the population was 12,790,000. Tokyo is in a part of Japan called the Kantō Plain. Two big rivers run through Tokyo. One is the Arakawa River which runs from the north to the south, and flows into Tokyo Bay. The other is the Tama River which runs from the west to the east. The Tama River is a border between Tokyo and its neighbor city, Kawasaki.
History
In 1943, Tokyo prefecture's municipalities and city of Tokyo were associated in a special way. The administration of Tokyo city merged with the administration of Tokyo Prefecture. Tokyo Metropolis is governed by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.

Other cities

Other towns/villages

Izu & Ogasawara Islands
Tokyo has many outlying islands.

The Izu Islands include Izu Ōshima, Toshima, Niijima, Shikinejima, Kozushima, Miyakejima, Mikurajima, Hachijojima, and Aogashima.

The Ogasawara Islands include Chichi-jima, Nishinoshima, Haha-jima, Kita Iwo Jima, Iwo Jima, and Minami Iwo Jima. Minami Torishima, the  easternmost point in Japan, is also part of the Ogasawaras. Okinotorishima, the southernmost point in Japan, is also administered by Tokyo as part of this group.
Transportation 
Tokyo is the cultural, business, and political center of the country. It is also the center of many transport systems. There are many air, rail, sea, and road links in and out of the city. Local subway and bus systems serve every part of the city.

Two commercial airports serve Tokyo. Haneda Airport is in the city limits next to Tokyo Bay. This airport is mostly for domestic travel. Most international flights to and from Tokyo go through Narita International Airport in Chiba Prefecture, opened in 1978.

Tokyo has a busy international and domestic port, but more traffic goes through the nearby port of Yokohama. There are domestic ferries to the islands of Tokyo, but also to other parts of the country such as Hokkaido.

Sister cities
 Beijing, China
 Berlin, Germany
 Cairo, Egypt
 Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
 Jakarta, Indonesia
 London, England, United Kingdom
 Mumbai, India
 São Paulo, Brazil
 Algiers, Algeria
 Rome, Italy
 Venice, Italy
Related pages
 Tokyo
 Provinces of Japan
 Prefectures of Japan
 List of regions of Japan
 List of islands of Japan

References

Other websites 

Tokyo Metropolitan Government

1943 establishments
Tokyo Metropolis
The Ring of Brodgar is a Neolithic henge and stone circle on Mainland, the largest island in Orkney, Scotland. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney.

The stone circle is  in diameter, and the third largest in the British Isles. The ring originally comprised 60 stones, of which only 27 remained standing at the end of the 20th century. The tallest stones stand at the south and west of the ring.

The stones are set in a circular ditch up to  deep,  wide and  in circumference that was carved out of the solid sandstone bedrock by the ancient residents. Technically, this ditch does not constitute a true henge as there is no sign of an encircling bank of earth and rock. However, many archaeologists refer to this structure as a henge. Aubrey Burl classifies the ditch as a Class II henge; one that has two opposing entrances, in this case on the north-west and south-east.
The Ring is in a significant ritual landscape. Within  there are the two circle-henges, four chambered tombs, groups of standing stones, single stones, barrows, cairns, and mounds. A number of flint arrowheads and broken stone mace-heads were found nearby. They seem to date from the Bronze Age. The nearby Standing Stones of Stenness and its Maeshowe tomb help to make the Ring of Brodgar a site of major importance.

References 

Archaeological sites in Scotland
Henges
Stone circles
Neolithic
Prehistoric buildings and structures on Orkney
3rd millennium BC buildings and structures
Gliese 581 is an M-class red dwarf star that is not far from the Earth.  It is 22 light years away from the Solar system.  This makes it the 89th closest known star to the Sun.  It is also known as HO Librae, GL 581, or GJ 581.

Astronomers  have discovered some planets that orbit Gliese 581.  The astronomers agree that four of the planets are real, but some think there are two more planets.

Gliese 581 has a radius, and mass, about a third that of the Sun.  Its estimated temperature  is 3,498 Kelvin (4125 Celsius, 7457 Fahrenheit).  Its luminosity is 0.01205 times the luminosity of the Sun.

People on Earth can see Gliese 581 in the constellation Libra.  The star's apparent magnitude is 10.57.  This means that a person on Earth would need to use a telescope to see Gliese 581, because the star is not bright enough for the naked eye to see.
Planets 
In the 2005, scientists found a planet orbiting Gliese 581.  The scientists, led by Stephen Vogt, used a method called Doppler spectroscopy to find the planet and some facts about the planet. They said that the planet, named Gliese 581b, has a size close to the size of Neptune (the eighth planet in our solar system). They found that 581b weighs 16.6 times as much as the Earth, and that its orbit around GL 581 lasts for 5.366 days.

After this study was published, more scientists started to look for other planets that orbit Gliese 581. In the 2007, another group of astronomers said that they found two more planets.  These two planets were named 581c and 581d.  For planet c, the scientists measured a mass of 5.06 times the Earth's mass.  They found that the planet's orbit lasts for 12.931 days.  For planet d, they found a mass of 8.3 times the Earth's mass, and an orbit time of 83.4 days.
In 2009, the first group of astronomers found a fourth planet, named 581e.  They measured the planet's mass to be 1.94 times the mass of the Earth, and measured the planet's orbit to be 3.149 days long.  The astronomers also studied planet 581d again, and made more accurate measurements for that planet.  They found that the planet has a mass that is 7.09 times the Earth's mass, and that its orbit lasts for 66.8 days.

Possibility of more planets 
Vogt's group of astronomers said that they have found two more planets orbiting Gliese 581, named 581f and 581g.  They published their findings in 2010.  For planet 581f, they found a mass of 7.0 Earth masses and an orbit length of 433 days.  For the other new planet, 581g, the group measured a mass that was 3.1 times the mass of the Earth and an orbit that was 36.6 days long.
After the Vogt group published their report on the fifth and sixth planets, some other astronomers published opposing results.  In 2012, these other scientists said that planets 581f and 581g did not actually exist.  Their report stated that the Vogt group's new findings were false positives.  They looked at the original Doppler spectroscopy data again, and found no signs of the two new planets.

However, the Vogt group published even more research that supported the two new planets.  Later in 2012, they studied new Doppler spectroscopy experiments and found stronger signs of planets 581f and 581g.  They also simulated the two orbit models that the two groups of scientists have proposed.  Vogt's group found that the proposed system with four planets was unstable, meaning that if there were only four planets orbiting Gliese 581, the system would have broken a long time ago.  On the other hand, they said that the system with six planets was much more stable.
Today, there is still no consensus about whether or not planets 581f or 581g exist.

Orbit models 
Two orbit models for the Gliese 581 system are being considered currently.  An orbit model is a scientific model that astronomers create as a hypothesis of how a star's planets go through their orbits.  One has four planets with eccentric orbits, and the other has six planets with circular orbits.

In the first model, some scientists propose that only the four planets 581b, 581c, 581d, and 581e orbit Gliese 581.  None of the planets orbits in a circle.  Instead, their paths around the star are ellipses.

In the second model, the six planets 581b through 581g orbit around Gliese 581.  Here, each planet has a circular orbit around the host star.

Comet belt 
In November 2012, scientists at the European Space Agency said that they found a belt of comets orbiting around Gliese 581.  Our solar system has a similar comet belt called the Kuiper belt.
Habitability 
Astronomers think that Gliese 581's habitable zone goes from approximately 0.05 AU (astronomical units) to 0.24 AU away from the star.  This means that planets orbiting between these distances could be the right temperature to let organic life (life as we know it on Earth) survive.

If the six-planet model is correct, then at least two of the planets might be habitable.  In other words, humans might be able to live there.  In this model, the planet 581d orbits at the outside edge of Gliese 581's habitable zone, and the planet 581g orbits in the middle of the habitable zone.  If the atmosphere on 581g is like Earth's atmosphere, the planet's temperature would be between 236 and 261 Kelvin (-37 and -12 Celsius, -35 and 10 Fahrenheit).  This is only a little lower than Earth's temperature.
Even though these two planets might be the right temperature for life to live, other issues could make their environments hostile.  Planet 581g might be stuck in an orbit resonance, where the planet spins at the same rate that it orbits around the star.  This would mean that one side of the planet always faces the star, just like the same side of the Moon always faces the Earth.  If this is the case, the side that faces the star would be too hot for people to live, while the other side would be too cold.  Planet 581d might also be caught in an orbit resonance.

Other websites 
 Articles about Gliese 581. Space.com articles about Gliese 581

References 

Red dwarfs
The EPR paradox is an early and strong criticism of quantum mechanics. Albert Einstein and his co-workers, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen, said that Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, and the other scientists in Copenhagen were wrong about uncertainty. Heisenberg claimed that you could never know, for any one time, both the position and momentum (or velocity, or trajectory) of any atom-sized or smaller particle. The idea was that the two could not be measured at the same time, and that as soon as one was measured a change would occur and you would not get the same answer for the other one that you would have gotten if you had measured it first. Einstein and his group said that Heisenberg should think again. Suppose you had two very small particles. You measured the weight of each of them and then stuck them together. You gave them a little push. Then something broke them apart. They should have both positions and velocities that were related
. So if you measured the position of one of them, then even if you assumed that Heisenberg was right and you could not avoid messing up its velocity in the process of measuring it, surely that did not mean that it never had a definite velocity. For proof, Einstein said that you could next measure the velocity of the second particle and, since everything was mathematically related, you would then know the velocity of the first particle.
"Spooky action at a distance," as Einstein called it, is one way of understanding this paradox. Einstein had no way of knowing that future experiments would show that entanglement exists. In the end, John Stewart Bell showed mathematically (Bell's theorem) that there is no way that hidden variables could account for experimental results that show entanglement.

References 

Quantum mechanics
A soakage, or soak, is a source of water in the deserts of Australia. It is called a soak because the water generally soaks into the sandy ground, and is stored below. They sometimes form part of an ephemeral river or drainage system. Soakages were traditionally important sources of water for Aboriginal people in the desert, because they are the most reliable sources in times of drought. Knowing the exact location of each soakage was very valuable knowledge. In the 19th century, the explorers Peter Warburton and David Carnegie wrote that they had chased down Aboriginal people with camels and captured and chained them to force them to reveal their secret sources of water.

References

Geography of Australia
Indigenous Australian history
Water
Aquifers
Agriculture in Australia
America's Next Top Model: All-Stars is the seventeenth cycle of America's Next Top Model. This cycle features contestants from previous cycles who didn't win. They compete for a grand prize. The winner was 30-year-old Lisa D'Amato.

The prizes for this cycle were:
A spread in Vogue
A $100,000 contract with CoverGirl
A correspondent for Extra
A campaign with Express
A chance to be the face of America's Next Top Model fragrance "Dreams Come True"

Contestants
This cycle had 14 previous contestants:
 Shannon Ratliff (runner-up) | (6th)
 Camille McDonald (5th) | (11th)
 Brittany Brower (4th) | (14th)
 Lisa D'Amato (6th) | (Winner)
 Brittany "Bre" Scullark (3rd) | (10th)
 Bianca Golden (4th) | (8/9th)
 Dominique Reighard (4th) | (5th)
 Isis King (10th) | (12th)
 Sheena Satana (6th) | (13th)
 Allison Harvard (runner-up) | (Runner-up)
 Laura Kirkpatrick (runner-up) | (4th)
 Angelea Preston (3rd/4th) | (3rd)
 Kayla Ferrel (3rd/4th) | (8/9th)
 Alexandria Everett (4th) | (7th)
Episodes
Episode 1
Best: Isis King
Worst: Alexandria Everett & Brittany Brower
Eliminated: Brittany Brower

Episode 2
Best: Lisa D'Amato 
Worst: Kayla Ferrel & Sheena Satana
Eliminated: Sheena Satana

Episode 3
Best/Immune: Allison Harvard
Worst: Isis King & Angelea Preston
Eliminated: Isis King

Episode 4
Best: Angelea Preston
Worst: Lisa D'Amato & Camille McDonald
Eliminated: Camille McDonald

Episode 5
Best: Laura Kirkpatrick
Worst: Lisa D'Amato & Angelea Preston
Eliminated: None

Episode 6
Best: Dominique Reighard
Worst: Alexandria Everett & Bre Scullark
Eliminated: Bre Scullark

Episode 7
Best/Immune: Lisa D'Amato
Worst: Bianca Golden, Kayla Ferrel & Shannon Ratliff
Eliminated: Bianca Golden & Kayla Ferrel

Episode 8
Best: Allison Harvard
Worst: Alexandria Everett & Angelea Preston
Eliminated: Alexandria Everett

Episode 9
Best: Dominique Reighard
Worst: Laura Kirkpatrick & Shannon Ratliff
Eliminated: Shannon Ratliff
Episode 10
Best: Laura Kirkpatrick
Worst: Dominique Reighard & Angelea Preston
Eliminated: Dominique Reighard

Episode 11
Best: Lisa D'Amato
Worst: Laura Kirkpatrick & Allison Harvard
Eliminated: Laura Kirkpatrick

Episode 12
Disqualified: Angelea Preston

Final Two: Lisa D'Amato & Allison Harvard
America's Next Top Model: Lisa D'Amato

America's Next Top Model
Wuhan () is the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China, and is the city with most people in Central China. It is at the east of the Jianghan Plain, where the Yangtze and Han rivers meet. Joining three nearby cities, Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, Wuhan is a center of transportation, with many railways, roads and expressways passing through. Because of its important role in transportation, Wuhan was sometimes called the "Chicago of China." It is also recognized as the political, economic, financial, cultural, and educational center of central China. 

The city of Wuhan, first called so in 1927, has 10,020,000 people (as at 2011). In the 1920s, Wuhan was the national capital of a Kuomintang (KMT) government led by Wang Jingwei when he was against Chiang Kai-shek, and it was also the capital in 1937.

In December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic started in Wuhan.

References

Cities in China
1927 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in China
Hubei
Wuhan University () is a university in Wuhan, China. It started teaching in 1893. The buildings and the cherry blossom in the university are very beautiful and well known.  People think it is one of the most beautiful universities in China.

References

Colleges and universities in the People's Republic of China
1893 establishments
Hubei
Mantarur is a hilly area in the southwest of the Northern Territory, Australia. It forms the southeastern end of the Olia Chain of mountains. This outcrop includes Butler's Dome (; 1102 metres above sea level). The granite escarpment called Foster's Cliff is nearby to the east. Mantarur is located about  southwest of Kata Tjuṯa. It is on Pitjantjatjara land, part of the Petermann Aboriginal Land Trust. A family outstation was established here in the 1980s, at a rockhole in the western slopes. It has since been abandoned.
Frank Rees George led a prospecting expedition through the area between 1905 and 1906. George gave names to several of the landforms, including Butler's Dome, which is believed to have been named after Richard Butler, who was a minister of South Australia. He named Foster's Cliff after R. W. Foster, the South Australian Commissioner of Public Works. The expedition found traces of gold at Foster's Cliff, but not enough of it to warrant mining. It was the only place in the Petermann Ranges found to contain any gold.

References

Geography of the Northern Territory
Elizabeth Marie Tall Chief (stage name Maria Tallchief; January 24, 1925 - April 11, 2013) was the first person of Native American descent to become prima ballerina for a major company. She is especially well known for her time with the New York City Ballet, where she performed between 1948 and 1965. 

Maria Tallchief grew up on an Indian reservation in Oklahoma. Her father was Osage. Her mother was Scottish-Irish. She started doing ballet at age four. By the time she was eight, she had already gone through all teachers at her level in Oklahoma, so her family moved to Beverly Hills. She was trained by Bronislava Nijinska, David Lichine, and George Balanchine. Balanchine became her husband in 1942. She starred in many of her husband's ballets including The Firebird. After she starred in The Firebird, she got international recognition. She was an artistic director of the Chicago City Ballet from 1980 to 1987. She was recognized in the National Women's Hall of Fame.
Maria Tallchief died due to complications from surgery to fix a broken hip at the Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago at age 88.

References

Anderson, Jack. "Maria Tallchief, a Dazzling Ballerina and Muse for Balanchine, Dies at 88." New York Times Apr 13 2013, Late Edition (East Coast) ed. ProQuest. 29 May 2015.
Matheson, Katy. "Tallchief, Maria."  World Book Advanced. World Book, 2015. Web.  29 May 2015.

Other websites
Archive footage of Maria Tallchief and Michael Maule performing Firebird in 1951 at Jacob's Pillow 
Biography for Maria Tallchief at the Internet Movie Database
Maria Tallchief from Upstream Video Productions
Maria Tallchief interview by Bruce Duffie
 Maria Tallchief Dances  TV appearance, Christmas 1952

Entertainers from Oklahoma
1925 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from surgical complications
Deaths from fractured hip
Accidental deaths in Chicago
Accidental deaths from falls
American dancers
Native American people
The Olia Chain (or The Olias) is a mountain range in the southwest of the Northern Territory, Australia. It forms the southeastern end of the Petermann Ranges, and connects these ranges with the Musgrave Ranges further south. The Olia Chain consists of scattered outcrops of rocky hills, separated and surrounded by sandy plains. It extends from Katamala Cone (828 m) at its northern end to Mantarur (including Butler's Dome, 1102 m) in the south. The centre of the chain is dominated by Stevenson Peak (1025 m). A few kilometres northeast of this peak is a Pitjantjatjara outstation, called Pirrulpakalarintja.

The Olia Chain mostly consist of flat-topped ridges composed of sandstone, slate, quartzite, and limestone rock beds.

Mountain ranges of Australia
Mountains of the Northern Territory
Star Fox Adventures is an action-adventure video game for the Nintendo GameCube game console. It was developed by Rare and published by Nintendo. It was released in North America on September 23, 2002, in Japan on September 27, 2002, and in Europe on November 22, 2002. It was Rare's last game for a Nintendo console before they were bought by Microsoft as a developer for their Xbox console. The plot centers around Fox McCloud restoring the remote Dinosaur Planet by finding pieces that have broken off of it.

Unlike the other Star Fox games, Star Fox Adventures plays as an action-adventure game similar to The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time. Instead of a blaster, Fox uses a staff as his weapon. Fox can find power-ups for his staff that allow it to fire projectiles, freeze enemies, and reach areas that he cannot reach on his own. Fox cannot jump unless he runs off of something, in the same way that Link jumps in The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time.

2002 video games
Nintendo GameCube games
Star Fox
Two vectors in an inner product space are orthonormal if and only if they are orthogonal (perpendicular) and unit vectors.

Linear algebra
Functions and mappings