Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Jesse Clark White (born June 23, 1934) is a Democratic American politician.  He served as the 37th and the longest serving Secretary of State of Illinois and the first African American to hold this position. He decided to retire in 2022 instead of running for a seventh term.

Early life
White was born in Alton, Illinois on June 23, 1934. He attended Alabama State University.

As Secretary of State
First elected to Secretary of State of Illinois in 1998, White was re-elected in 2002 by winning all 102 counties and garnering more than 2.3 million votes, the largest vote total by any candidate for Illinois statewide office in a quarter of a century.  In 2006, White was re-elected to a third term, having received 63 percent of the vote statewide. White was elected to a fourth term in 2010, the leading vote-getter in the entire state.
Electoral history
2010 Race for Secretary of State of Illinois
Jesse White (D) (inc.), 70%
Robert Enriquez (R), 27%
2006 Race for Secretary of State of Illinois
Jesse White (D) (inc.), 62%
Dan Rutherford (R), 34%
2002 Race for Secretary of State of Illinois
Jesse White (D) (inc.), 69%
Kristine O'Rourke Cohn (R), 29%
1998 Race for Secretary of State of Illinois
Jesse White (D), 57%
Al Salvi (R), 43%

References

Other websites
Illinois Secretary of State – official site
biography 
Follow the Money – Jesse White: 2006 campaign cycle, 2008 "campaign" cycle contributions
Project Vote Smart – Jesse White (IL) profile
Jesse White Tumbling Team official site
Jesse White 2010  official 2010 campaign site

1934 births
Living people
Politicians from Illinois
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
The Lieutenant Governor of Illinois is the second highest office of the State of Illinois. As of January 14, 2019, the lieutenant governor is Juliana Stratton.

Voting
In Illinois, the lieutenant governor and governor run on a joint ticket, and are directly elected by popular vote. Candidates for lieutenant governor run separately in the primary from candidates for governor.

Duties
When the Governor of Illinois becomes unable to discharge the duties of that office, the lieutenant governor becomes acting governor. If the Governor dies, resigns or is removed from office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. Under the Illinois Constitution, the Attorney General, currently Lisa Madigan, is next in line of succession to the Governor's office after the lieutenant governor, but does not succeed to the Lieutenant Governor's office. Historically, the lieutenant governor has been from either the Democratic Party or Republican Party.

List

References

Other websites
Official website
The Illinois House of Representatives is the lower house of the Illinois General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Illinois. The body was created by the first Illinois Constitution created in 1818. The state House of Representatives is made of 118 representatives elected from different legislative districts for a two-year term with no limits. The leader of the body is the Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives.

Government of Illinois

State lower houses in the United States
Animal hoarding is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as pets without ability to look after them. Hoarders believe that they take care for their pets usually.

Reference 

Pets
Jesse Marc Weidenfeld (January 4, 1917 – January 9, 1997) was an American television, movie, and stage character actor. He is best remembered for playing the Maytag repairman in television commercials, a role that he starred from 1967 to 1988.

Early life
White was born Jesse Marc Weidenfeld on January 4, 1917 in Buffalo, New York. He was raised in Akron, Ohio and in Cleveland, Ohio.

Career
In 1947, White starred in his first movie called Kiss of Death. White appeared in The Bad Seed (1956); Designing Woman (1957), with Lauren Bacall; and Marjorie Morningstar (1958), with Natalie Wood and Gene Kelly. He also appeared in the epic comedy It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World.

On October 2, 1958, White played the fast-talking, dishonest, used-car salesman San Fernando Harry in the segment "The New Car" of the ABC sitcom, The Real McCoys, starring Walter Brennan, Richard Crenna, and Kathleen Nolan.

His last movie was in the 1993 comedy Matinee. His last television appearance was on Seinfeld.
Personal life
White was married to Celia Cohn from 1942 until his death in 1997. They had two children. One of his daughters is actress Carole Ita White. He lived in Beverley Hills, California.

Death
White died on January 9, 1997 from complications of a heart attack following a surgical operation. He was 80 years old. He died 5 days after his birthday. He was buried at Mount Sinai Memorial Park in Los Angeles, California.

References

Other websites

 
 
 Jesse White at Find a Grave
 A writeup about the Maytag Repairman, with photo 

1917 births
1997 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Deaths from surgical complications
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American television personalities
Actors from Buffalo, New York
Actors from Akron, Ohio
Actors from Cleveland
Lisa Madigan (born July 30, 1966) was the 41st Attorney General of the US state of Illinois from 2003, when she became the first female attorney general for Illinois, until 2019.

She is a Democrat and the daughter of Michael Madigan, who has been Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives for most of the last 50 years.

On December 12, 2008, she attracted national attention after filing a motion with the Supreme Court of Illinois to remove Governor Rod Blagojevich from office. The motion was denied by the court without a hearing.

Madigan was born on July 30, 1966 in Chicago, Illinois. She studied at Georgetown University and at Loyola University Chicago School of Law. Madigan has been married to Pat Byrnes.

She was once said by The New York Times to be among the seventeen most likely women to become the first female President of the United States.
On July 14, 2013 Madigan, who was widely expected to run, announced she would not run for governor in 2014 because of her father’s decision to stay in his post as speaker of the Illinois House, but that she would run for reelection instead.

References

Other websites

Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan official government website
Biography
Lisa Madigan for Attorney General official campaign website

1966 births
Living people
Politicians from Illinois
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
State legislators of the United States
Sheila J. Simon (born March 13, 1961) is an American politician and educator who was the 46th Lieutenant Governor of the state of Illinois. 

She was a Professor of Law at the Southern Illinois University School of Law. Simon is the daughter of former U.S. Senator Paul Simon, who had previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Illinois (1969-1973), and his first wife, former Illinois State Representative Jeanne Hurley Simon.

On September 7, 2015, Simon announced her candidacy for the Illinois Senate. Simon was defeated by her Republican opponent Paul Schimpf.

Simon was born on March 31, 1961 in Springfield, Illinois. She studied at Georgetown Law School. Simon has been married to Perry Knop since 1987. They have two children. She lives in Carbondale, Illinois.

References

Other websites

 Illinois Lieutenant Governor website 
 Sheila Simon campaign website
1961 births
Living people
Lieutenant Governors of Illinois
People from Carbondale, Illinois
Politicians from Springfield, Illinois
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Judy Baar Topinka (January 16, 1944 – December 10, 2014) was an American politician. She served as the Illinois Comptroller and Illinois Treasurer, having served as Treasurer from 1995 to 2007, and former chairwoman of the Illinois Republican Party.

Early life
Topinka was born on January 16, 1944 in Chicago, Illinois.

Career
She was the first woman to become state treasurer, first to be elected to three consecutive terms and the first Republican to hold the post in more than thirty-two years. During her last term, she was the only elected statewide official from the Republican Party, in Illinois.

In November 2005, Topinka announced her decision to run for Governor of Illinois. In March 2006, she was nominated as the Republican candidate. She was the second woman (after 1994 Democratic nominee Dawn Clark Netsch) and first Republican woman to be nominated for governor of Illinois. She went on to lose the election to Rod Blagojevich.
In 2010, she successfully ran for the office of Illinois State Comptroller and was re-elected in 2014, one month before her death.

Death
Topinka died in Berwyn, Illinois from a stroke, aged 70.

References

Other websites
State of Illinois Comptroller 
 Official campaign website

1944 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Politicians from Chicago
United States representatives from Illinois
Republican Party (United States) politicians
State legislators of the United States
Dan Rutherford (born May 26, 1955) is an American politician. Rutherford is a former Illinois Treasurer. He served as a Republican member of the Illinois Senate, representing the 53rd district, from 2003 to 2011, in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1993 to 2003, and as the Treasurer of Illinois from 2011 to 2015.

Early life
Rutherford was born in Pontiac, Illinois on May 16, 1955. He attended Pontiac Township High School. Following high school, Rutherford attended Illinois State University.

Illinois Treasurer
Rutherford won the open seat of Illinois Treasurer. Also running were Democratic nominee Robin Kelly, Constitution Party nominee Dawn Czarny, Green Party Party nominee Scott K. Summers, Libertarian nominee James Pauly, and Independent Conservative Christopher Pedersen.

2014 Gubernatorial election
On June 2, 2013, Dan Rutherford officially announced his candidacy for Governor of Illinois. His running mate is attorney Steve Kim.
Electoral history
2010 election for Treasurer of Illinois
Dan Rutherford (R), 49.9%
Robin Kelly (D), 45.1%
Scott Summers (G), 3.2%
James Pauly (L), 1.9%
2006 election for Secretary of State of Illinois
Jesse White (D) (inc.), 62%
Dan Rutherford (R), 34%

References

Other websites
Illinois State Treasurer 
Dan Rutherford for Governor  
Profile  at Illinois State Senate Republicans

1955 births
Living people
Politicians from Illinois
United States representatives from Illinois
Republican Party (United States) politicians
State legislators of the United States
Michael J. Madigan (born April 19, 1942) is an American politician. He was the Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives and Chairman of the Democratic Party of Illinois. A Democrat, he has held the position of Speaker of the House for all but two years since 1983—those two years being a brief interregnum of Republican majority and is the longest serving Speaker.
He has been a member of the Illinois House since 1971, and currently represents the 22nd district. He is known for having a rough relationship with former Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich.

On January 11, 2021, Madigan announced he would be ending his bid to be elected to a nineteenth term as Speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives.

Early life
Madigan was born on April 19, 1942 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at University of Notre Dame and graduated from the Loyola University Chicago School of Law.
Speaker of the House of Illinois
He has been Speaker of the Illinois House since 1982, with the exception of 1995–1996 when Republicans took control of the chamber.  Madigan engineered a Democratic comeback and regained his majority at the elections of November 1996, which he continues to defend today. He has feuded with other Democratic leaders since 2002when Democrats took control of all branches of the state governmentmost notably Governor Rod Blagojevich and Senate President Emil Jones.

One of Madigan's chief Democratic deputies in the House is Gary Hannig, who often handles budget issues.

He is the longest-serving leader of any state or federal legislative body in the history of the United States, having held the position for all but two years since 1983.

In January 2021, Madigan refused to run for State House Speaker again following bribery allegations.

On February 18, 2021 Madigan resigned from the state legislature.
Personal life
Madigan is married to Shirley Madigan. They had one daughter. His daughter is Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan. He lives and represents West Lawn, Chicago.

References

Other websites
Representative Michael J. Madigan (D) 22nd District at the 98th Illinois General Assembly
Previous sessions: 97th, 96th, 95th, 94th, 93rd
Chairman Michael J. Madigan  of the Democratic Party of Illinois

1942 births
Living people
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Chicago
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
The Evil Within, known in Japan as Psychobreak, is an action survival horror video game. 

It was being developed by a Japanese studio, Tango Gameworks. The game can be run on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360 and Xbox One. It was released on October 14, 2014.

The Evil Within is the first product of Tango Gameworks.

References

Other websites 
 

2014 video games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Xbox One games
A thematic map is a kind of map. Different from normal maps, a thematic map is designed to show the distribution of human or natural features or data. The information may or may not be related to geography. For example, a map which shows population is a thematic map.

Thematic maps are called so because they show features relating to a particular theme or aspect of geography.

Examples 
An early contributor to thematic mapping in England was the English astronomer Edmond Halley (1656–1742). His first important map was a star chart of the constellations of the Southern Hemisphere, published in 1686. In the same year he also published something new, a map of the globe (Earth) in an article about trade winds. This map is sometimes called the first weather map.
Another example of early thematic mapping comes from London physician John Snow. Snow’s cholera map of 1854 is the best known example of using thematic maps for analysis of data. His method anticipates the principles of a geographic information system (GIS). He started with an accurate map of a London neighborhood which included streets and water pump locations. Onto this Snow placed a dot for each cholera death. The pattern centered around one particular pump on Broad Street. At Snow’s request, the handle of the pump was removed, and new cholera cases ceased almost at once. Further investigation of the area revealed the Broad Street pump was near a cesspit under the home of the outbreak's first cholera victim.

References 

Cartography
Fruit Ninja is a video game made by Halfbrick. The game can be played on different platforms such as Xbox 360 and Windows Phone.

The target of this game is get score by slicing fruits. For the classical mode, fruit can't leave the screen without being sliced. Extra points are awarded for slicing three or more fruits with one swipe.

References

Outer websites 

 Developer website
 Fruit Ninja – iOS App Store
 Fruit Ninja - Google App Store

2010 video games
Xbox 360 games
Windows games
David Luiz Moreira Marinho (born 22 April 1987), known as David Luiz, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays for Arsenal F.C. in English Premier League and as vice-captain for the Brazil national team.

Honours

Team
Vitória
Campeonato Baiano (1): 2005

Benfica
Primeira Liga (1): 2009–10
Taça da Liga (3): 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11

Chelsea
FA Cup (1): 2011–12
 UEFA Champions League (1):2011-12
UEFA Europa League (1): 2012–13

Paris Saint-Germain
Ligue 1: 2014–15, 2015–16
Coupe de France: 2014–15
Coupe de la Ligue: 2014–15
Trophée des Champions: 2014, 2015

International
Brazil
FIFA Confederations Cup (1): 2013

Individual
Primeira Liga Player of the Year: 2009–10
Premier League Player of the Month: March 2011
PFA Fans Player of the Month: March 2011
FIFA Club World Cup: Silver Ball 2012

Career statistics

Club
Club

1Continental competitions include the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Cup / Europa League and UEFA Super Cup.
2Other tournaments include the Trophée des Champions, FA Community Shield, FIFA Club World Cup, Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira and Campeonato Baiano.

International

International goals
Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first:

References

Other websites

Chelsea official profile
Stats and profile at Zerozero
Stats at ForaDeJogo 
PortuGOAL profile 

Transfermarkt profile

1987 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Jack Will aged 43 is an English footballer who plays for Monaco F.C. and the England national team.

Career statistics

Club

National team

Honours

Arsenal

Premier Academy League (1): 2008–09
FA Youth Cup (1): 2008–09

International
Victory Shield (2): 2006, 2007

Individual
PFA Young Player of the Year (1): 2010–11
PFA Team of the Year (1): 2010–11
Arsenal Player of the Season (1): 2010–11

References

Other websites
Jack Wilshire Profile Official PFA Profile
Jack Wilshere profile at Arsenal.com

ESPNsoccernet profile 

1992 births
Living people
English footballers
Arsenal F.C. players
Premier League players
Ruggero Leoncavallo (April 23, 1857 – August 9, 1919) was an Italian opera composer and librettist. He is best known for his 1892 opera, I pagliacci. In 1906, he toured the United States with success. He was born in Naples, and died in Montecatini Terme, Tuscany.

1857 births
1919 deaths
Entertainers from Campania
20th-century Italian composers
Librettists
Musicians from Naples
I pagliacci or Pagliacci () is a short two-act opera with libretto and music by Ruggero Leoncavallo. It was first performed in the Teatro Dal Verme in Milan, Italy on May 21, 1892. It was conducted by Arturo Toscanini. 

The opera is about an adulterous love affair between the wife of a traveling actor and a village man that ends in the murders of both.

The role of Canio became Enrico Caruso's signature role. Pagliacci is the only opera by Leoncavallo still performed. It is usually paired with Pietro Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana.
 
1890s operas
Beorhtric (also Brihtric; meaning 'Magnificent ruler') (died 802) was the King of Wessex from 786 to 802. He ruled Wessex as a figurehead king. His wife and father-in-law exercised most of the power.

King of Wessex 

The names of his parents and his ancestry are unknown. In 786, Cynewulf, king of Wessex, was killed by Cyneheard, brother of the former King Sigeberht. Either with help of Offa of Mercia or quickly coming under his influence, Beorhtric became King of Wessex. In 787, he held the Synod of Chelsea jointly with Offa. In 789 he married Eadburh, Offa's daughter. That same year Vikings appeared off the coast of Devon. Believing they were traders the local reeve went to meet them and was killed. This was the first encounter with Vikings in southern England.
After Offa's death in 796, Mercian power over England was weakened. There was a period of three years when some West Saxons tried to break free of Mercian control. But Beorhtric and Cenfulf, the new king, signed a peace treaty. From that time on Wessex remained subordinate to Mercia. Three West Saxon coins have survived from Beorhtric's reign. In style they are very similar to coins struck by Offa. They were probably minted at Southampton after Offa's death.

His queen
His queen 

Queen Eadburh, as Offa's daughter, seems to have held all the power in Wessex. She had a reputation for great cruelty. In later years Asser, a scholar at Alfred the Great's court, recorded the story that Beorhtric had died from being accidentally poisoned by his wife, Eadburh. She fled to a nunnery in Francia, from which she was later ejected after being found with a man. It was a good story but probably more myth than real. But she was the reason Wessex would not have another queen for several generations. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that Beorhtric was buried at Wareham in 802. He left no heirs.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Britannia: Kings of Wessex 

Year of birth unknown
800s deaths
Kings of Wessex
American Airlines Flight 191 was a scheduled commercial flight from O'Hare International Airport in Chicago to Los Angeles International Airport. The aircraft used was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10. On May 25, 1979, the aircraft crashed into an open field in Des Plaines, Illinois. All 271 people (258 passengers and 13 crew) on the flight were killed. Two people on the ground were killed and five others were hurt. The crash was caused by the loss of one of the engines, which caused damage to the left wing. The loss of the engine happened because of bad maintenance to the aircraft that had been done eight weeks before the crash. It is the worst plane crash to happen in the United States.

Victims

Nationalities of the victims

Airplane involved 

The airplane that crashed was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10, tail number N110AA. It was delivered new to American Airlines after its first flight in 1972, and at time of accident it has flown for 19871 hours. It was powered by 3 General Electric CF6-6D engines.
Accident 
The plane, which just arrived from Phoenix, was assigned to fly Flight 191 from Chicago to Los Angeles. At 2.59pm (local time GMT-6), the plane began its taxi to Runway 32R, and at 3.02pm was cleared to takeoff. However, as First Officer Dillard began to rotate, the number one engine, broke off from its pylon on the left wing. With the remaining length of the runway, stopping the plane would be impossible, so the pilots continued with the takeoff, knowing that two engines are enough to fly a DC-10, but not knowing that the engine had completely separated from the aircraft..
Shortly after the engine broke off, the plane began a stabilized, steep climb to 300 ft. The left wing's leading edge slats then retracted, raising that wing's stall speed from 124 knots to 159 knots. The DC-10, travelling at V2 speed (153 knots) then uncontrollably began to roll to the left, as the pilots tried to control the aircraft. The plane reached a maximum bank angle value of 112 degrees left as the nose dropped through 20 degrees below the horizon, and the airplane crashed into an open field in front of an aircraft hangar near a trailer park 4,680 feet northwest from the end of the departure runway, with the left wing hitting the ground first. 

All 258 passengers, 13 crew and 2 others on the ground were killed. This became the worst ever plane crash in the United States, not counting the September 11 attacks which were crashed by hijackers and had more ground fatalities than those passengers killed in the planes.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 "Public Lessons Learned from Accidents – American Airlines Flight 191" (archive)
 PlaneCrashInfo.Com – American Airlines Flight 191
 Flight 191 Remembered (Fox Chicago website, archive)

1979 in the United States
Aviation accidents and incidents in the 1970s
1970s in Illinois
Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States
May events
Kenneth Howard Norton Sr. (August 9, 1943 – September 18, 2013) was an American heavyweight boxer and WBC world Heavyweight Champion. 

He was best known for his 12-round victory over Muhammad Ali, when he famously broke Ali's jaw, on March 31, 1973, becoming only the second man to defeat a peak Ali as a professional (after Joe Frazier, who won a 15-round unanimous decision against Ali on March 8, 1971).

Norton was born on August 9, 1943 in Jackson, Illinois. He studied at Northeast Missouri State University. Norton had two sons. 

Norton died on September 18, 2013, at a care facility in Las Vegas, Nevada from heart failure. He was 70 years old and had suffered a series of strokes in later life.

References

Other websites

Ken Norton's Biography at BoxRec Boxing Encyclopedia
Ken Norton Gallery from BoxRec Boxing Encyclopedia
International Boxing Hall of Fame's page about Ken Norton
Marine Corps Community Services: Marine Corps Sports Hall of Fame's article about Ken Norton
1943 births
2013 deaths
African-American boxers
Deaths from heart failure
Sportspeople from Illinois
Marcel Reich-Ranicki (2 June 1920 – 18 September 2013) was a Polish-German literary critic and member of the literary group Gruppe 47. He was regarded as one of the most influential contemporary literary critics in the field of German literature and has often been called Literaturpapst ("Pope of Literature") in Germany.

Reich-Ranicki was born on 2 June 1920 in Włocławek, Poland. He was raised in Berlin, Germany. Reich-Ranicki was married to Teofila Reich-Ranicki from 1942 until her death in 2011. They had no children. Reich-Ranicki died on 18 September 2013 in Frankfurt, having previously been diagnosed with prostate cancer.

References

Other websites

Reich-Ranicki.com  
Marcel Reich-Ranicki on literaturkritik.de 

1920 births
2013 deaths
Literary critics
Polish writers
Writers from Berlin
Michael or Mihalis Giannatos (1941 – 17 September 2013), alternatively spelled as Yannatos (), was a Greek actοr. 

Giannatos was born in Istanbul, Turkey in 1941. He left the city for Greece in 1964 during the long eviction period of Greeks. He was married to Chaido Giannatos. Giannatos died on 17 September 2013 from a heart attack in his Athens, Greece home, aged 72.

References

Other websites
Actor entry at IMDB
Actor entry at ishow.gr (mostly in Greek but also some in English)

1941 births
2013 deaths
Actors from Istanbul
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Greece
Greek actors
Television actors
Stage actors
Movie actors
was a Japanese industrialist. He was largely responsible for bringing Toyota Motor Corporation to profitability and worldwide prominence during his tenure as president and later, as chairman.

Toyoda was born on 12 September 1913 in Nagoya, Japan. He studied at Tokyo Imperial University. Toyoda was married to Kazuko Toyoda until her death in 2002. They had three children. Toyoda died on 17 September 2013 in Toyota, Aichi from natural causes, aged 100.

References

Other websites
 

1913 births
2013 deaths
Japanese businesspeople
Japanese centenarians
Toyota
People from Aichi Prefecture
Erich Loest (24 February 1926 – 12 September 2013) was a German writer. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Hans Walldorf, Bernd Diksen, and Waldemar Naß. From 1965 to 1975, he wrote eleven novels and 30 short stories, some under pseudonyms. In 1979 he was ostracized from East Germany and did not return until after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1990.

Loest was born on 24 February 1926 in Mittweida, Saxony. In his later years, Loest became seriously ill and announced at an Academy of Arts ceremony in 2010 that he did not have the strength to write another novel. On the morning of 12 September 2013, he committed suicide by falling from a second-floor hospital window in Leipzig, Saxony. He was 87 years old.

References

Other websites

1926 births
2013 deaths
Writers who committed suicide
Writers from Saxony
Cynewulf († 786) was a West Saxon nobleman, a member of the West Saxon witan, and was King of Wessex from 757 until his death in 786.

Career 

Cynewulf was a member of the West Saxon witan. He led that council in expelling Sigeberht. Cynewulf was elected by the witan to rule Wessex in place of Sigeberht. He attested a charter at the court of King Æthelbald of Mercia. The charter was for Cynewulf to grant land to an abbot in Wiltshire. This indicates Wessex was still a dependency of Mercia. Æthelbald died a few months later. Taking advantage of this Cynewulf took back lands he lost in Berkshire and Wiltshire. Cynewulf was occupied during much of his reign in wars against the Welsh of Dumnonia. He was never able to conqueror Cornwall however. In 779, Cynewulf was defeated by Offa of Mercia at the Battle of Bensington.  and Offa then retook Berkshire, and perhaps also London. Despite this defeat, there is no evidence to suggest Cynewulf became subject to Offa (as his successor, Beorhtric was).
In 786 Cynewulf was surprised and killed by Cyneheard, the brother of the deposed king Sigeberht. The entry for the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 784 (actual date 786) was: "This year Cyneheard slew [killed] king Cenewulf, and he was there slain, and eighty-four men with him; then Beorhtric succeeded to the kingdom of the West Saxons..." Cynewulf had a long reign of twenty-nine years. He died leaving no heirs.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Cynewulf and Cyneheard , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
 Britannia: Kings of Wessex 

Year of birth unknown
786 deaths
Kings of Wessex
Mengjiang United Autonomous Government () was a puppet state of the Japanese Empire. It was located in inter Mongolia. The capital city was Kalgan.

It existed from 1939 to 1945. The ruler of the state was Demchugdongrub.

References 

Former countries in Asia
1939 establishments in Asia
1945 disestablishments in Asia
20th century in Japan
20th century in China
20th century in Mongolia
Puppet states
Former dictatorships
Andrea Palladio (November 30, 1508 – August 19, 1580) was an Italian architect. He was born in Padua and died at Maser, near Treviso. He worked in and around Venice. He was influenced by Greek and Roman architecture. He influenced architects for centuries.

He wrote several books about architecture. His most famous buildings are: Villa Barbaro, Villa Capra "La Rotonda", Basilica Palladiana, Church of San Giorgio Maggiore, Il Redentore, and Teatro Olimpico.

1508 births
1580 deaths
Italian architects
People from Padua
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (March 5, 1696 – March 27, 1770) was an Italian decorative painter of the Baroque. He was born in Venice and died in Madrid. He had nine children upon his wife Maria Cecilia Guardi. Two of his three sons became his assistants; the third became a priest. He worked churches and palaces in Italy, Germany, and Spain.

Related pages
 List of Italian painters

1696 births
1770 deaths
18th-century Italian painters
Elegy for Brahms is a short orchestral work. It was written by Hubert Parry in 1897. It is in the key of A minor, and is marked Maestoso espressivo - Largamente - Tempo primo. The work quotes Brahms's music in several places. 

It was first performed after Parry's death in October 1918 at a memorial concert for him at the Royal College of Music on 8 November 1918. It received its second performance in 1977. It has been recorded by Sir Adrian Boult and Matthias Bamert.

Compositions by Hubert Parry
Orchestral works
Das Lied von der Erde is a piece of music and symphonic song cycle. It was written by Gustav Mahler in 1908-1909 as a symphony with sonata form. It is a large work of six separate songs for two voices and orchestra. It is based on Hans Bethge's The Chinese Flute, an anthology of ancient Chinese poetry. It was first performed on November 20, 1911 in Munich.

Compositions by Gustav Mahler
Orchestral works
Vocal music
An evaporating dish is used to evaporate solutions - that is, to turn them from a liquid state into a gaseous (gas) state. They are often made from ceramics.

References

Laboratory equipment
Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah  (12 August 1845 – 22 June 1885) was a religious leader of the Sufi Samaniyya order in Sudan. On 29 June 1881, he proclaimed himself as the Mahdi or messianic redeemer of the Islamic faith.

His proclamation came during a period of widespread resentment among the Arabic part of the Sudanese population. They resented the oppressive policies of their Turco-Egyptian rulers (who were also muslims).

There were messianic beliefs among the various Sudanese religious sects of the time. There were earlier Mahdist movements in West Africa, and Wahhabism and other puritanical forms of Islamic revivalism. The root cause of this was the growing military and economic dominance of the European powers throughout the 19th century.
Aftermath 
The rule of Sudan by the Mahdists turned out badly for its people. Sudan's economy was all but destroyed, and the population had declined by about one-half because of famine, disease, persecution, and warfare. Millions died in the Sudan from the start of the Mahdist state to its fall. None of the country's traditional institutions or loyalties remained intact. Tribes had been divided in their attitudes toward Mahdism, religious brotherhoods had been weakened, and orthodox religious leaders had vanished.

Reconquest of the Sudan 
In 1895, the British Government authorized Herbert Kitchener to launch a campaign to reconquer the Sudan. Britain provided men and matériel, while Egypt financed the expedition. The Anglo-Egyptian Nile Expeditionary Force included 25,800 men, 8,600 of whom were British. The remainder were troops belonging to Egyptian units, including six battalions recruited in southern Sudan.
In Omdurman, on 2 September 1898, the Sudanese leader, now known as the Khalifa, committed his 52,000-man army to a frontal assault against the Anglo-Egyptian force, which was massed on the plain outside the town. The outcome never was in doubt, largely because of superior British firepower. During the five-hour battle, about 11,000 Mahdists died, whereas Anglo-Egyptian losses amounted to 48 dead and fewer than 400 wounded.
 
Mopping-up operations took several years, but organized resistance ended when the Khalifa, who had escaped to Kurdufan, died fighting in battle at Umm Diwaykarat, November 1899. Many areas welcomed the downfall of his regime.

Churchill, Winston 1889. The River War: an historical account of the reconquest of the Soudan. 2 vols, London: Longmans Green. Churchill was on Kitchener's expedition as a newspaper reporter. His book was abridged (shortened), and republished in 1902 as a single volume.

References 

Islamic religious leaders
1845 births
1885 deaths
Sudanese people
Sigeberht († ) was a West Saxon nobleman and atheling. He was King of Wessex from 756 to 757.

King of Wessex 

Sigeberht was a West Saxon atheling (prince) who in 756 succeeded Cuthred as King of Wessex. in 756. After ruling a year he was accused of unlawful acts and removed from power by the witan. This council was led by Cynewulf. This same council then elected Cynewulf to replace Sigeberht as king. Sigeberht was allowed to keep Hampshire and was supported there by the ealdorman Cumbra. But Sigeberht then killed Cumbra and as a result was driven out of Hampshire. Sigeberht met his end while wandering in the great forest of the Weald, killed by a herdsman. The herdsman killed Sigeberht in revenge for killing Cumbra.

This series of events formed the basis for the story of Cynewulf and Cyneheard. Thirty years later Cynewulf was killed by Cyneheard, the brother of Sigeberht. This was either in revenge for killing his brother or because Cyneheard was about to be expelled from Wessex.

Notes

References
Notes

References

Other websites 
 Cynewulf and Cyneheard , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
 Britannia: Kings of Wessex 

Year of birth unknown
757 deaths
Kings of Wessex
Enrico Caruso (February 25, 1873 – August 2, 1921) was an Italian operic tenor. He was born and died in Naples. He sang at La Scala and the Metropolitan Opera House. In 1987, he received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

References

1873 births
1921 deaths
Entertainers from Campania
Italian opera singers
Singers from Naples
David Wright is an American professional baseball player. He plays on the New York Mets of Major League Baseball. He plays third base. He wears number 5.

Wright was born on December 20, 1982 in Norfolk, Virginia. He was drafted by the Mets in the 2001 draft. He started playing in the minor leagues later that year.

Wright first played for the Mets in July 2004. Since that time, he has been the Mets regular third basemen. He has been in 7 all-star games. Wright was chosen as captain of the Mets in 2013

Other websites
 David Wright MLB Blog
 David Wright at the Ultimate Mets Database
 Yahoo MLB Profile
 

New York Mets players
1982 births
Living people
People from Norfolk, Virginia
Enough Said is a 2013 American comedy movie directed and written by Nicole Holofcener. It is a romantic comedy with Julia Louis-Dreyfus, James Gandolfini (in one of his final film roles), Toni Collette, Catherine Keener, Ben Falcone, and Toby Huss. The movie was released to very positive reviews on September 18, 2013.

Other websites 

 
  at Fox Searchlight
 
 
 
 

American romantic comedy movies
2013 romantic comedy movies
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 is an 2014 superhero-action movie directed by Marc Webb. It is a sequel to the 2012 Spider-Man movie The Amazing Spider-Man. Andrew Garfield, Emma Stone, Jamie Foxx, Dane DeHaan, Paul Giamatti, Martin Sheen, Denis Leary, Colm Feore, Chris Cooper, Sally Field, Chris Zylka, Marton Csokas, and Felicity Jones are in the cast.

Hans Zimmer composed the music for the movie. Spider-Man co-creator Stan Lee once again had a cameo appearance as a graduation guest. It was released on May 2, 2014. A sequel to the film, which will be titled The Amazing Spider-Man 3, will be released in 2022.
Plot
Confident in his powers as Spider-Man, Peter Parker (Andrew Garfield) embraces his new role as a hero and spends time with Gwen Stacy (Emma Stone) in between protecting New York from criminals. However, his greatest battle yet is about to begin. With the emergence of Electro (Jamie Foxx), Peter must confront an enemy far more powerful than he is. And when his old friend Harry Osborn (Dane DeHaan) returns, Peter comes to realize that all his enemies have one thing in common: Oscorp.

Release Dates

References

Other websites
 

2014 action movies
2014 science fiction movies
Movies composed by Hans Zimmer
English-language movies
The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 movie series)
2010s superhero movies
Cuthred († )  was a West Saxon nobleman and atheling. He was King of Wessex from 740 to 756.  Cuthred succeeded in restoring much of the prestige of Wessex.

King of Wessex 

At the death of King Athelheard, his kinsman Cuthred became king. During the time of Athelheard much of Wessex had been lost to King Aethelbald of Mercia. Cuthred made it known he was not as weak a ruler as Athelheard and struggled against Aethelbald being his overlord. In the first three years of Cuthred's rule he warred with Mercia. In 743 Cuthred joined Aethelbald in fighting the Welsh. By all appearances this was a friendly alliance between the two kings. But the friendship soon ended. In 748 Cuthred's son, Cynric, tried to depose his father and died in the rebellion. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the rebellion was encouraged by the Mercian king.
Two years later in 750 Cuthred put down another rebellion by Athelhun, one of his ealdormen. In the day-long battle, Athelhun had fewer men but was winning until he was severely wounded. In 752, Cuthred again tried to get free of King Aethelbald. This led to a battle at Burford where Cuthred, assisted by a now faithful Athelhun, met Aethelbald and his army. The battle ended up with Aethelbald fleeing the battlefield. From that time on Cuthred maintained independence from Mercia for the rest of his reign. Cuthred died in 756. But he left a much stronger Wessex free of Mercian rule. He was succeeded by Sigeberht.

Family 

The name of Cuthred's wife is unknown. His son:

 Cynric was killed in 746.

Notes

References

Other websites 
 Britannia: Kings of Wessex 

Year of birth unknown
756 deaths
Kings of Wessex
The 2011 Joplin tornado was a windy and dangerous EF5 tornado that hit Joplin, Missouri on the afternoon of May 22, 2011. It had winds of over 200 miles per hour. It killed 158 people and hurt 1,150 others. It caused $2.8 billion in damage. It is the costliest tornado to hit the United States. It was the third tornado to hit Joplin since May 1971.

References

Other websites
Time-lapse of the May 22 tornado outbreak
Radar loop of the Joplin tornado
NOAA's Aerial Survey of Joplin, Missouri 
Slideshow of damage from the tornado 

2011 in the United States
2010s in Missouri
Tornadoes in the United States
2011 in weather
Deadly storms
Alex Henrique da Silva, better known as Alex (; born 6 January 1982), is an Armenian-Brazilian football player. He played as a defender for the club Mika Yerevan in the Armenian Premier League. He also played for the Armenian national team.

Club career
Alex Henrique da Silva started playing football for Botafogo-SP in 2011. This is his hometown's club. In 2005, he moved to São Carlos. After getting an Armenian passport, Alex moved to Armenia in the next season. He joined Mika Yerevan. Alex, with Mika, won the Armenian Cup in 2011 and the Armenian Supercup in 2012–13.

International career
He became a member of the Armenian national team in 2012. Alex played in two 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification matches that year. The matches were against Malta and Bulgaria.

Honours

Club
 Mika Yerevan
Armenian Premier League Runner-up (2): 2009, 2012–13
Armenian Cup (1): 2011
Armenian Supercup (1): 2012–13

References

Other websites
FootballDatabase.eu
Transfermarkt.co
Soccerway.com
1982 births
Living people
Armenian footballers
Brazilian footballers
São Miguel Island, named for the Archangel Michael (), is also referred to locally as "The Green Island", is the largest and most populous island in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The island has around 138,000 inhabitants and its largest city, and in the archipelago, is Ponta Delgada.

History
In 1427, São Miguel became the second of the islands discovered by Gonçalo Velho Cabral to be settled by people from continental Portugal.

The first capital of the island was Vila Franca do Campo, which was devastated by a major earthquake and landslides in 1522. The tragedy helped to elevate Ponta Delgada to the administrative and economic status of capital and business centre from 1546.

With the Portuguese Restoration War (1640), the island became a commercial centre, establishing new contacts in Brazil. Some of the island’s historic buildings, including mansions and churches, date from this period; the island's development came from revenues from the export of oranges, mainly to Great Britain.
The period after the Liberal Wars allowed the economy to flourish, and the port of Ponta Delgada expanded, through the export of new crops such as tea, pineapple, and tobacco. The development of the fishing industry, cultivation of staple food and expansion of the dairy industry permitted the growth of many of the towns on the island.

Geography
The São Miguel Island has an area of . It is a narrow island; it is  long (from southeast to northwest) and  wide (from southwest to northeast).

Relief

The island, of volcanic nature and subject to seismic activity, presents many mountains, mainly in the interior, dominated by the Pico da Vara; those mountains are cut by valleys, gullies and streams - the only waterways because there are not rivers.
The island consists of an ancient massif in the eastern end, and three stratovolcanoes: Sete Cidades, Fogo and Furnas. The stratovolcano of Sete Cidades is known for its large caldera () of  in diameter and  of mean depth; in it there are two small lakes (Lagoa Verde to the south and Lagoa Azul to north).

In the eastern part of the island is the Pico da Vara () - the highest mountain of the island - with  of altitude. In the central area, is the Sierra de Água de Pau with 940 m height and on the west lies the Caldeira das Sete Cidades, 850 m altitude.

Lying at the eastern end of the island, Pico da Vara is the focus of a Special Protection Area containing the largest remaining laurisilva forest on the island, which is home to the endemic and critically endangered bird, the Azores Bullfinch.

Its fertile lands produce cereals, tea, grapes (for wine), fruits and food for cattle.
Climate
Similar to other islands in the Azores archipelago, São Miguel is influenced by ocean currents and winds, in particular, the Gulf Stream. It functions as a moderating force in the islands, keeping temperatures hovering between  throughout the year. Rainfall is distributed evenly throughout the year, although it is most abundant in the cool season. The island's location also makes it susceptible to many Atlantic storms.

The Köppen climate classification subtype for the climate of Sâo Miguel Island, in Ponta Delgada, is Csb (Mediterranean Climate).

Human geography
Most towns and cities are in plains, some along the coast and a few in the interior of the island. There are several communities within ancient craters (such as Sete Cidades, Furnas or Povoação), river valleys (such as Ribeira Chã, Pilar da Bretanha) or coastal deltas (Mosteiros).

There are two cities in the islands: Ponta Delgada and Ribeira Grande.

Administrative division
The island is divided in six municipalities ():

Gallery
Gallery

References

Other websites

 Sâo Miguel - Azores

Azores
Power forward is a position in basketball.  Power forwards play a role similar to that of a center in what is called the "post" or "low blocks". They usually play offensively with their backs towards the basket and position themselves defensively under the basket in a zone defense or against the power forward from the other team in a man-to-man defense.

Basketball
is a Japanese singer, actor and dancer. 

Imai works for the Japanese agency Johnny & Associates. He joined Johnny & Associates in 1995. He officially debuted in 2002 in the duo Tackey & Tsubasa with Hideaki Takizawa. They are signed under the record label Avex Trax.

Imai released his solo debut single "Backborn" on 24 February 2010.

Filmography
 Mokuyou no kaidan (1995)
 Brothers (ブラザーズ) (1998)
 Summer Snow (2000)
 Never Land (2001)
 Saigo no Bengonin (The Last Lawyer) (2003)
 Yoshitsune (2005)
 Haru to Natsu (2005)

References

Other websites
 Tackey & Tsubasa official webite

Singers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japanese movie actors
Japanese voice actors
1981 births
Living people
is a Japanese actor and musician. 

He is a member of the J-pop duo Tackey & Tsubasa from Tokyo. In 2012 he reached the age of 20 and completed his graduation from Johnny's Junior. In the same year he debuted with Tsubasa Imai in the group Tackey & Tsubasa under the record label Avex Trax.
Dramas 
 Ai Love Jr. variety show
 Mokuyou no Kaidan Kaiki Curabu ~ Shogakusei Hen ~ (1995)
 Mokuyou no Kaidan Kaiki Curabu ~ Chuugakusei Hen ~ (1995)
 The Chef (1995)
 Shin Mokuyou no Kaidan ~ Gakko no Nanafushigi Hen ~ (1996)
 Dareka ga Dareka ni Koishiteru [Drama SP] (1996)
 Mokuyou no Kaidan: Time keepers (1997)
 News no Onna (1998)
 Kokoro No Tobira (1998)
 Majou no Jōken (1999)
 Genroku Ryoran (1999)
 Taiyou wa Shizumanai (2000)
 Antique (based on manga, Antique Bakery) (2001)
 Strawberry on the Shortcake (2001)
 Taiyō no Kisetsu (2002)|Taiyō no Kisetsu (2002)
 Boku Dake no Madonna (2003)
 My Father's Ocean, My Sky (Chichi no Umi, Boku no Sora) (2004)
 Yoshitsune (2005–2006)
 Satomi Hakkenden" (2006)
 Kimi ga Kureta Natsu (2007)
 Romeo and Juliet (2007)
 Yukinojo Henge (2008)
 Kokuchisezu (2008)
 Orthros no Inu (2010)
 Akutou (2012)
 Mayonaka no Panya San (2013)
Songs written by Takki 
 Words of Love
 Everlasting Love
 894…Hakushi
 Madonna (for DreamBoy musical in 2004)
 Futari no Yoru
 My Angel, You are Angel (for KAT-TUN; released in Cartoon KAT-TUN II You album 2007)
 Fight All Night (for KAT-TUN; for DreamBoy musical in 2004; released in Cartoon KAT-TUN II You album 2007)
 Da.ke.do
 Jūnigatsu no Hana
 With Love
 Ai.Kakumei
 Mugen no Hane

References

Other websites
 Tackey & Tsubasa official webite

1982 births
Living people
Actors from Tokyo
Musicians from Tokyo
Pluto 
In 1930, Clyde Tombaugh discovered Pluto. This seemed to validate Lowell's hypothesis. Pluto was officially considered the ninth planet until 2006. There was a problem, however: In 1978, Pluto was found to be too small. Its gravity would be unable to affect the gas giants. This finding triggered a search for a tenth planet. The spacecraft Voyager 2 supplied new measurements in the early 1990s. These measurements showed that Pluto was even smaller than in the 1978 measurement. According to a scientific study published at the time, the error could explain the irregularities observed in Uranus's orbit. After the study had been published, the search was largely abandoned.