Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Denis Winston Healey, Baron Healey CH, MBE, PC (30 August 1917 – 3 October 2015) was a British Labour politician.  He was Secretary of State for Defence from 1964 to 1970 and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1974 to 1979.

Early life
Healey was born in Mottingham, Kent, and moved with his family to Keighley in the West Riding of Yorkshire when he was five years old. He was given the middle name "Winston" after Winston Churchill, who was an important politician at the time Denis was born.
Healey was one of three children. Their father was an engineer who had worked his way up by taking extra lessons at night school.
Healey went to Bradford Grammar School, and in 1936 he won a type of scholarship known as an "exhibition", which gave him enough money to take a degree at Balliol College, Oxford.  At Oxford University he got involved in politics, and he joined the Communist Party of Great Britain in 1937. In 1939, not liking the party's policies, he changed his mind.  From that time on, he supported the Labour Party, even though one of his best friends at university, Edward Heath, supported the Conservative Party.

Political career
After getting his degree, Healey joined the Royal Engineers, and served in the British forces in several countries during World War II.  He took an important part in the Battle of Anzio, towards the end of the war.  After the war, he joined the Labour Party, and made an important speech to the Labour Party conference in 1945, shortly before the United Kingdom general election, 1945.
In February 1952, Healey became the Member of Parliament for Leeds South East. He supported Hugh Gaitskell, the leader of the Labour Party.  When Gaitskell died in 1963, Healey became a supporter of Harold Wilson. When Labour won the 1964 election Healey was given the job of Secretary of State for Defence. Labour lost power in 1970, but Healey was given the job of Shadow Chancellor in April 1972.

When Labour won a general election in March 1974 and came back into power, Healey became Chancellor of the Exchequer in March 1974. When Harold Wilson resigned as Prime Minister in 1976, Healey was one of those who hoped to take over, but he was not chosen. He continued in the job of Chancellor of the Exchequer when James Callaghan took over as Prime Minister.

Personal life
Healy married Edna Edmunds in 1945. Together, they had three children. They lived in Alfriston, Sussex. Edna died in 2010.
On 14 June 1978, Healey likened being attacked by the mild-mannered Geoffrey Howe in the House of Commons to being "savaged by a dead sheep". Nevertheless, Howe appeared and paid warm tribute when Healey was featured on This Is Your Life in 1989. The two remained friends for many years, with Howe dying only a few days after Healey, in 2015.

Healy died at his home in Alfriston, Sussex on 3 October 2015 from a short-illness, aged 98..

References

Other websites

 Births England and Wales 1837–1983
 Interview about nuclear strategy in Europe for the WGBH-TV series, War and Peace in the Nuclear Age , 1986
 The old bruiser who remained the boy next door, William Keegan, The Observer, 3 December 2006, interview and retrospective
Denis Healey at 90, Elinor Goodman, BBC News, 30 March 2007
 
 Denis Winston Healey, Baron Healey (1917–), Politician: Sitter in 11 portraits (National Portrait Gallery)
1917 births
2015 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British military personnel of World War II
Chancellors of the Exchequer
Companions of Honour
Disease-related deaths in Sussex
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Majors in the British Army
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Politicians from Kent
People from West Yorkshire
Politicians from Yorkshire
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Royal Society of Literature
United Kingdom Life Peers
UK MPs 1951–1955
UK MPs 1955–1959
UK MPs 1959–1964
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
Plessy v. Ferguson, , was a United States Supreme Court case that ruled segregation was legal, as long as equal facilities were provided for both races. The decision was handed down by a vote of 7 to 1. The majority opinion was written by Justice Henry Billings Brown, and the minority opinion was written by Justice John Marshall Harlan. 

In 1954, Brown v. Board of Education partially overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling.
Background 
The State of Louisiana passed a law saying that whites and blacks had to ride in different cars on trains, but required that the train cars be "equal."  Homer Plessy, who was one-eighth black (meaning that one of his eight great-grandparents was black) was arrested for riding in a whites-only car.  He challenged the  Louisiana law, saying it was against the United States Constitution. Plessy argued that the state law which required East Louisiana Railroad to segregate trains had denied him his rights under the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution.
The Decision 
The Supreme Court, in a 7-1 decision, ruled that the Louisiana law was valid.  They said that requiring whites and blacks to ride in separate trains did not harm blacks in any way.  Justice John Marshall Harlan was the only justice who thought the law was against the Constitution.  He thought segregation made black Americans feel inferior.  He said that the Constitution is "color blind" and that the law should not treat any group better than any other group.

Brown and Plessy 

In 1954, the United States Supreme Court made it illegal to segregate schools by race.  Chief Justice Earl Warren even ruled that ""separate facilities are [always] unequal."" 

However, Brown did not make it illegal to segregate in any other places, aside from schools.  Segregation in other places was still legal.  This means that Brown overturned part of Plessy v. Ferguson by making school segregation illegal, but it did not overturn the entire law.
Related pages
 Racial segregation
 History of racial segregation in the United States
 Jim Crow laws

References

United States law
United States Supreme Court cases
American civil rights
19th century in Louisiana
Human rights abuses in the United States
Robbinsville is a township in Mercer County, New Jersey. As of the year 2000, 10,275 people live in Robbinsville. The town was incorporated, or created as a town, on March 15, 1859.

Geography
Robbinsville is 20.5 square miles in size. The median income is $71,377. The main transportation systems within Robbinsvile are US Route 130, Route 33, Interstate 195 and the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95). Trenton-Robbinsville Airport is also located within Robbinsville. About 30,000 aircraft enter and exit the airport a year.

References

Townships in New Jersey
Mercer County is a county in New Jersey, United States of America. Trenton, the capital of New Jersey is in Mercer County. As of the year 2006, 367,605 people lived in the county. Mercer county was founded in the year 1838.

References

New Jersey counties
1838 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in New Jersey
Cyrillic numerals was a numbering system using the Cyrillic alphabet.

Cyrillic script
Numerals
Gochujang () is a savory, fermented Korean food. It is made from red chili, glutinous rice, fermented soybeans and salt. It is used to add flavour to a variety of Korean foods such as bibmbab (), bulgogi (), and tteokbokki ().

Ingredients 
The main ingredients of gochujang are red chili powder, glutinous rice powder mixed with powdered fermented soybeans, and salt. Each serving contains 8.9% of protein, 4.1% lipid, 15.9% of carbohydrate, and 3.5% of fibre. It has more Vitamin B than doenjang and ganjang. It contains 5mg of Vitamin C per gram and 2,445mg of carotene per 100 gram.

One peculiar ingredient is capsaicin which is main cause of hot taste. Some people put salted fish or meat into gochujang.
History 
Gochujang (hot pepper paste) has been made since chili was introduced from Japan in 1592, during the middle period of the Chosun Dynasty (). According to Jung-Bo-Sal-Lim-Kyung-Jae (), written in 1766, it was made from beans, sweet from glutinous rice, hot from red peppers, and salty. Since that time, making gochujang became rapidly popular. In Nong-Ga-Wol-Lyung-Ga (), there is content regarding making it.

Types 
Different types of gochujang are made by adding different ingredients in the production process. Recipes are slightly different depending on the parts of Korea it comes from. The most common types of gochujang are listed below.

 Glutinous rice Gochujang

Made by mixing glutinous rice powder with powdered fermented soybeans red peppers, which are the basic ingredients of Gochujang.

 Kaoliang Gochujang 

made by adding kaoliang.

 Barley Gochujang 

made by adding barley. Popularly used as Ssam-Jang (쌈장) in summer. 

 Wheat Gochujang
Wheat Gochujang 

made by adding wheat. Used for making Jji-Gaes (찌개, stews), and Jang-A-Jji (장아찌, Pickled Vegetables)

 Red-bean Gochujang

made by adding red-beans. Used in Cho-Gochujang (초고추장) thanks to the beautiful red color.

References 
 이춘자, Lee Chun-Ja/ 장 醬/ 대원사, Dae Won Sa/ 2003/ pp. 89 – 107
 김찬곤, Kim Chan-Gon, 한국문화관광부, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism/ 우리 민족 문화 상징 100/한솔수북, Han Sol Su Book/ 2006/ pp. 67 - 69

Korean food
Silliman University, sometimes simply called Silliman or SU, is a private Christian university in Dumaguete City, Philippines. The school first started in 1901 when American Presbyterian missionaries came to the Philippines after the war between America and Spain ended. Because of this, Silliman became the first Protestant and American private school in the country. It is also the oldest university founded by Americans in Asia.  At first, they started it as an elementary school for boys. But later on, it became a college, and then into a university.  The man who was first sent by the Presbyterians to start the school was David Sutherland Hibbard, a pastor from Lyndon, Kansas.  On the other hand, the one who gave the money to start it was Horace Brinsmade Silliman, a businessman from Cohoes, New York.  Thankful for what Silliman did, the Presbyterians named the school after him.
Today, Silliman has ten colleges, four schools, and two institutes. Its students come from different parts of the Philippines, as well as from other parts of the world (more than 20 different countries). Silliman offers early childhood, elementary, high school, and college education. In college, Silliman teaches many things such as Accountancy, Business Administration, Engineering, Information Technology, Law, Medicine, Nursing, Biology, Chemistry, Education, Marine Sciences, Physics, Theology, Philosophy, Psychology, and Public Administration among others. Those who want to take up masters and doctorate courses can also find these in Silliman.  Aside from teaching, Silliman is also involved in activities called "extension projects" that help people and different communities.
Campus 
Silliman is in Dumaguete City, beside the sea. It has 116,392 people. Silliman has two campuses.  One is along Hibbard Avenue, called the main campus, and the other is beside the Silliman Beach, two kilometers from the main campus, known as the College of Agriculture and Marine Lab campus. The main campus has a land area of 33hectares (330,000 m²) and contains most of Silliman's colleges, schools and institutes.  The College of Agriculture and Marine Lab Campus on the other hand has a land area of 29hectares (290,000 m²).  It has a farm, a place for students to live in called dormitories, and other buildings of the College of Agriculture.  Located beside the College is the Marine Laboratory and the Silliman Beach.
Silliman also has facilities in other places.  One of these is in Valencia, Negros Oriental (East Negros) and is presently called the Camp Lookout Facility. It is on top of a hill. Silliman "Writers' Village" is there.  The village has a main building called a function hall and five small apartments called cottages which are all designed to host the annual Silliman National Writers Workshop.

The other facility not on campus is the Ticao Island facility.  This facility has a land area of 465hectares and is on another island (Ticao Island) in a province called Masbate.  This facility is basically a ranch and a farm, with some areas being covered by forests.  Silliman has many plans for this facility, and because it wants to let the people around the area know what these plans are, the university has shown it to them to see if they like it or not.
Administration 
The people who run the University are called the Board of Trustees. Sometimes, they are simply called the Board.  They represent different sectors of the university.  These sectors are the alumni, the Silliman University Foundation Incorporated (SUFI), and the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP).  Each of these sectors are represented by five members.  All in all, the Board has fifteen members.  The Board can't work alone, and so they are assisted by many persons.  These persons are the University President, the Vice-President for Academic Affairs, Vice-President for Finance, the University Registrar, Treasurer and Auditor as well as the Manager for Human Resource (HRD).  Since these persons also have a lot of things to do and think about, they are also assisted by other people called Deans, Directors, Department Chairpersons, Coordinators and Unit Heads of the different colleges, schools, institutes, units, research centers, programs and extension projects of the University.
Academic Units 
Silliman is divided or organized into academic units called colleges, schools and institutes.  These units teach different things.  These units are:

Footnotes

References

Other websites 
 Silliman University's website

Colleges and universities in the Philippines
Yut is a traditional Korean board game played mainly during the period from Korean New Year to the first full moon. Cheok-sa and sa-hee are the other names of the game. Its origin is not clear, but it seems that the game was started from the age of ancient Korea called Three-Kingdoms. The game is played by throwing four sticks, and moving marks on the board according to shapes of the sticks that fell down. During Korean New Year, many people play the game because it can be enjoyed anywhere by players of any age.

Tools
Tools 

The equipment of the game consists of a board, four yut sticks, and four marks, called mal, per each team. The board, which is normally rectangular shaped, is made of various materials like stitched cloth, paper, or leather. It includes a circle with a cross in the center, and 28 circles around this cross. The sticks determine how far a mal can advance. The stick has two sides; one is round, and the other flat. It is usually made of wood from chestnut trees. Players can move their mal from one circle to another, based on the results that their sticks indicate. Any item can be used for a mal, if it can be distinguished from the mal of opposite teams.
Rules 
The facing of the sticks after being thrown indicate the movements of each team’s mal. There are five possibilities: do, gae, geol, yut, and mo, meaning five livestock, pigs, dogs, cow, sheep, and horses. Do, when the flat side of only one stick faces upward, means a one-step advance. When two flat sides are up, it means gae, which is a two-step advance. Geol is three flat sides up, which is a three-step advance, and yut, where all four sticks are lying flat side up, means a four-step advance. When all four sticks face round side up, it is mo which means a five-step advance. Each team normally throw the sticks in turn, but players get one more chance to throw the sticks when they throw a yut or mo.
Players can move only one mal per each movement, unless mals are grouped in one. When a mal reaches the big circles in the center, or reaches the others in each corner, players can move their mal in a shortcut. There are four possible routes to move mal when considering shortcuts. When a mal reaches a circle that is already occupied by a mal of an opposing team, the mal of the opposing team is captured by the new mal, and must restart from the starting point. If a mal lands on a circle with another mal of same team, the two mals can make a group, and move together. The first team causing all of their mals to reach the starting point again becomes the winner of game.

References 
Kim Sang-hoon "Yut playing, a traditional four-stick game" http://www.prkorea.com/engnews/index.cgi?action=detail&number=398&thread=10r01 
http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=251024
http://www.gwangcheon.es.kr/bosco/min38.htm

Board games
Korean culture
Sujebi () is a traditional Korean soup. It is a Korean-style pasta soup consisting of hand-torn dough flakes with various vegetables and has been eaten from the early Goryeo period. In ancient times, when the Korea people were poor, they didn't have much foodstuffs and so made sujebi with small quantity of dough and leftover vegetables. In addition, rice was rare after the Korean War, so many people ate sujebi instead of rice because wheat flour was cheaper at that time. However, sujebi with various kinds of ingredients was considered a special food, so it was eaten on special days like a celebration day or feast. Nowadays, there are many kinds of sujebi and many people enjoy it as a health food. It is similar to another Korean traditional food Kalguksu, but Kalsuksu is made with noodles while sujebi is made with wheat flakes. Both of them are considered as proper food for a rainy day due to its hot and rich flavored broth. It is usually eaten with kimchi.
Origin 
It was during the mid Joseon period that sujebi was named. Its name was originally came from Chinese letter 手(su, 수) meaning ‘hand’ and 摺(jeop, 접) meaning ‘folding’. The pronunciation has been changed as time passes for the ease of articulation. It is called differently depending on the regions, but sujebi is the standard word and most commonly used.
Classification 
Generally, there are two kinds of sujebi depending on the type of broth. One is with Korean clear soup, and the other is with seaweed soup. In the former one, dough flakes are roughly torn by hand, whereas in the latter one, dough flakes are round shaped. This round-shaped dough is called "Saeal"(새알 in Korean). When people order or make sujebi, it usually refers to the former one in Korea. Then, it is again classified as various types depending on other ingredients. Typically, there are potato sujebi which includes potatoes and seafood sujebi with seafood. However, many restaurants are making new sujebi variations to attract customers these days.

Korean food
Soups
Early life
Kim was born in Hwanghae, Korea in 1876. At the age of 15, he studied the Chinese language. (한학; 漢學). In 1893, he joined the Donghak movement. He became the regional leader for Haeju. The next year, while he was leading the Donghak Peasant Revolution, he went to Manchuria to escape from Japanese soldiers. In 1896, he returned to Korea and killed Josuke Tsuchida, a Japanese soldier. He killed Tsuchida as revenge for the 1895 assassination of Empress Myeongseong of the Korean Empire. Empress Myeongseong was killed by Miura Goro, a Japanese assassin.
After the March 1st Movement in 1919, Kim Gu exiled himself to Shanghai, China. He joined the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. From that time, he started fighting against Japanese Imperialism. He wanted independence for Korea. He organized the Korea Patriotic Legion. It was a nationalist group. He told Yoon Bong-Gil to bomb the ceremony for the Emperor's birthday at Hongkeou Park in Shanghai. Also, he had Lee Bong-chang try to kill the Japanese Emperor Hirohito in Tokyo. This ended up with failure. Kim also created the Korean Liberation Army. He was re-elected several times as the leader of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.

After the independence of Korea on 15 August 1945, he came back to Seoul. He worked as a right-wing politician with Lee Seung Man and Kim Kyu-sik. He tried to prevent the division of the Korean peninsula. In 1948, he tried to stop South Korea’s national election and to start negotiations between South and North Korea. This failed.
Death
In June 26, 1949, Kim was assassinated by a Korean soldier, Ahn Doo-hee. Ahn was later killed by a taxi driver. Many people think there must have been a conspiracy. Some people said that he was ordered by Rhee Syng-man. It is not known if this is true. In 1962, he was awarded the Republic of Korea Medal of Order of Merit for National Foundation. He wrote Baekbeomilji (Journal of Baekbeom). It is his autobiography. It is important both historically and education. His funeral was held at July 5,1949

Book 
 Autobiography, 《Dowaesilki》(도왜실기, 1932)
 《Baikbumilji》(백범일지, 1947)

Related pages
 Kim Kyusik
 Rhee Syng-man
 Kim Seong-Su
 Chang Myon
 Kim Won-bong
 Park Hon-Yong

References 
Definition in Knowledge Encyclopedia (in Chinese)

1876 births
1949 deaths
Anti-communists
Korean educators
Terrorists
South Korean politicians
Murder victims
Korean autobiographers
Southern California is a region of California. The definitions of it vary, but it usually contains the area around Los Angeles and San Diego, as well as the "Inland Empire" of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. Over twenty million people live in Southern California. The ten counties of Southern California include Imperial County, Kern County, Los Angeles County, Orange County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County, San Diego County, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara County, and Ventura County.

Related pages
 Northern California

Geography of California
A chocolate brownie (or simply called a brownie) is an American dessert or snack made with chocolate. It is named after the color brown. It tastes like a cross between a cake and a cookie. Unlike other cakes, it is baked without baking powder so it is much thicker. It is normally served cut into squares or rectangles. It can be eaten as a snack, or with ice cream or whipped cream as a dessert.

Origin
There is no clear record of how brownies were first made. They were first made in the late 1880s. The first known recipe for brownies was in the 1897 Sears, Roebuck Catalogue. The most popular story about the origin of the brownie is about a housewife in Bangor, Maine. It says that the house wife forgot to add baking powder to a chocolate cake she was making. The cake did not rise but it was still delicious. Chocolate brownies are also very popular dessert in the United Kingdom.
Types of brownies
There are different types of brownie. They are either chewy or cake-like depending on the recipe. Sometimes nuts or chocolate chips are added, or icing or caramel is put on top. A brownie with brown sugar and no chocolate are sometimes called a blondie. Sometimes, brownies are crackled on top, which means the inside is extra soft.

Other websites
 Chocolate brownie recipe

Cakes
A military strategy is a set of ideas or policy used by armed forces to get the results they want. Strategy is used to win combat, battles and wars. It involves planning, logistics (the movement and use of forces and equipment), and the deception of the enemy.

Carl von Clausewitz is considered the creator of modern military strategy.

Related pages
Military science

References

Other websites
 

Military
For the series as whole, see Civilization (series)

Civilization IV is a strategy computer game released in 2005. It is build by the company Firaxis Games. It is a turn based game where the player builds an empire from the ancient era, into the modern era. In this time, the player is tasked with researching technology, managing a military, declaring war, engaging in diplomacy, spreading religions, managing governmental systems and building wonders of the world. There is an option as playing as one of 18 historical civilizations, each with at least on historical leader. Different nations and leaders have different advantages, disadvantages, and special military units to construct. It has two expansions. The first was Warlords and the second was Beyond the Sword. It was released in 7 languages: Chinese, French, German, Spanish, English, Japanese and Italian.

References
 Civilization 4 Review

Civilization series
2005 video games
PCB is an abbreviation for one of the following:
Printed circuit boards
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Trenton-Robbinsville Airport is a privately owned airport in Robbinsville, New Jersey. It has a 4,275 foot (1,303 meter) long asphalt runway.

Other Information
Airport Type: Public
Elevation: 119 ft above sea level
Coordinates: 40° 12′ 50.19″ N, 74° 36′ 6.46″ W
FAA Location Identifier: N87

References
Airport Home Page 

Airports in the United States
Buildings and structures in New Jersey
Transport in New Jersey
Jhalawan is a former country. It was established in the 17th century. Its boundary was fixed with Sindh in 1853.

Former subdivisions of Pakistan
The Sarawan Country was a division of the former princely state of State of Kalat in Baluchistan, Pakistan. Its area was 4,339 square miles.

Former subdivisions of Pakistan
Swat () was a princely state and is now part of Pakistan. Swat was part of the Mughal Empire ruled by local Gujar rulers known as Akhoond or Akhwand. From 1926 until 1947, Swat was a princely state in British Raj, and in 1947 it acceded to Pakistan. It lay to the north of the modern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan until it was dissolved in 1969. It incorporated the current states of Swat, Buner and Shangla.

Former subdivisions of Pakistan
Pakistani princely states
Marri-Bugti Country (Marri and Bugti Country) was a tribal region during the British occupation of Baluchistan.

Former subdivisions of Pakistan
Shirley Jackson (December 14, 1916, San Francisco, California – August 8, 1965, Bennington, Vermont) was an important American author. A popular writer in her time, her work has received even more attention from literary critics in recent years. She has influenced such writers as Neil Gaiman, Stephen King, Nigel Kneale and Richard Matheson.

Life 

Born Shirley Hardie Jackson in San Francisco in 1916 to Leslie and Geraldine Jackson, Shirley and her family lived in Burlingame, California, a wealthy middle-class suburb. Shirley spent most of her early life in California. The Jackson family then moved to Rochester, New York, where Shirley attended Brighton High School and graduated in 1934. For college, she first attended the University of Rochester before graduating from Syracuse University in 1940.
She got married in 1940 to Stanley Edgar Hyman who met in campus literary magazine, literary critic, and have four children who are Laurence (Laurie), Joanne (Jannie), Sarah (Sally), and Barry. The Hyman family lived in Vermont, in a quiet rural community and far away from city life. In 1965, Shirley Jackson died of heart failure in her sleep at the age of 48. Shirley suffered all through her life from various neuroses and psychosomatic illness. These illnesses, along with the various prescription drugs used to treat them, overweight and heavy smoking, may have led to her declining health and early death.

Literary works
Literary works 

She is best known for "The Lottery" (1948), which suggests a deeply unsettling dark underside in human nature who lives in suburban small-town in America. This is easily the best adaptation of the famed Shirley Jackson short story, first published in The New Yorker (June 28, 1948). Jackson may even have taken pleasure in the destructive impact of her work, as evidenced by Hyman's statement that she "was always proud that the Union of South Africa banned "The Lottery", and she felt that they at least understood the story. Larry Yust made this story into a short film which was banned in Boston.

With information for Jackson's first novel, The Road Through the Wall (1948), her husband who also is a literary critic, described Shirley Jackson as someone who practiced witchcraft. Shirley later wrote about witchcraft accusations in her book for young readers, The Witchcraft of Salem Village (1956).
Her other novels include Hangsaman (1951), The Bird's Nest (1954), The Sundial (1958) and The Haunting of Hill House (1959), regarded by many as one of the important horror novels of the 20th Century. 

When the Hymans eventually settled in Vermont, Shirley continued to publish novels and short stories while caring for their children Laurence, Joanne, Sarah and Barry. Eventually her four children would come to their own brand of literary characters as fictionalized versions of themselves in their mother's short stories; In a series of the short stories, later collected in the books Life Among the Savages and Raising Demons, she presented a fictionalized version of her marriage and the experience of raising four children. 

In addition to her adult literary novels, Shirley also wrote a children's novel, Nine Magic Wishes as well as a children's play based on Hansel and Gretel and entitled The Bad Children.

Shirley Jackson Awards
The first annual Shirley Jackson Awards for "outstanding achievement in the literature of psychological suspense, horror and the dark fantastic" were presented July 20, 2008. The jurors were John Langan, Sarah Langan, Paul G. Tremblay and F. Brett Cox. 

The winners were:

Novel: Generation Loss by Elizabeth Hand
Novella: "Vacancy" by Lucius Shepard
Novelette: "The Janus Tree" by Glen Hirshberg
Short Story: "The Monsters of Heaven" by Nathan Ballingrud
Collection: The Imago Sequence and Other Stories by Laird Barron
Anthology: Inferno edited by Ellen Datlow

References
References 

 Shirley Jackson Awards
 Potrzebie: Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"
 Kosenko, Peter. "A Reading of Shirley Jackson's The Lottery". New Orleans Review, vol. 12, no. 1 (Spring 1985), pp. 27–32.
 Murphy, Bernice. Shirley Jackson: Essays on the Literary Legacy.
 Oppenheimer, Judy. Private Demons: The Life of Shirley Jackson. New York: Putnam, 1988.
 Shapiro, Laura. Something from the Oven: Reinventing Dinner in 1950s America.
 Shirley Jackson Papers. Library of Congress, Washington DC.

1916 births
1965 deaths
Writers from San Francisco
Writers from Vermont
From 1999 Book Off Corporation Limited started to expand the business into other second hand stores. B-Kids, B-Sports, B-Style, B-Life and B-Select cover second hand baby goods, children wear, sports goods, ladies’ and men’s wear, interior goods, and accessories respectively. After the first B-Kid store opened in Apr, 1999, now there are 26 B-Kids, 32 B-Style, 24 B-Sports stores in Japan. Book Off charges about 81% of the business and the other type of stores charge 19% of the entire sales.

Other websites 
 Book Off Global Website Book Off official English language website

Retail companies of Japan
1990 establishments in Asia
1990s establishments in Japan
Booksellers
Françoise Hardy is a French singer, actress and model. As a celebrity in various fields, she has been an icon in France.

Early life 
Hardy was born at 17 January 1944 in Paris and grew up in rich family. From her childhood, she was so interested in literature that she was attracted to Simone de Beauvoir and Albert Camus. She received a guitar from her mother as a present for her passing baccalaureat at 16. It caused her to get interested in Chanson. Hardy mastered guitar by herself and showed an interest in composing chanson. Trying to be a singer was hard, she failed many times. After entering the University of Sorbonne in Paris, she kept studying a chanson in Petit conservatoire de la chanson, a chanson school founded by Mireille  who was a famous singer at that time.Soon, she contracted with the record label Vogue in November 1961.
Success 
In June 1962, she made a great debut with her famous chanson Tous les garçons et les filles which became a hit all over Europe at her age of 18. The song made the wave of Yé-yé music in France with two million sales. It was when another famous song Comment te dire adieu appeared that Hardy estalished her as a singer in 1968. The song received a favorable review from many critics who were indifferent to young singers without precedent. Since then, she has been a cultural iconic figure in France. All of almost her songs were self written, and they have been translated into English, Spanish, Italian and German. As an actress, she appeared in many films - Château en Suède (1963), Une balle au cœur (1965), What’s new pussycat? (1966) Masculin- Féminin (1966) and Grand prix (1967)

She has a son, Thomas Dutronc in 1973 and married his father Jacques Dutronc. Now, they remain a couple.

Singers from Paris
French singer-songwriters
1944 births
Living people
Musicians from Paris
Baekje was ancient kingdom on the Korean Peninsula from 18 BCE to 660 CE. Baekje was also called Nam Buyeo. According to the Samguk Sagi, a historical record published in ancient Korea, Baekje was founded by Onjo at Wiryeseong (the present-day Han River area in Seoul). Baekje was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea together with Goguryeo and Silla. Beakje, Goguryeo and Silla tried to expand each of their lands by allying and making war against one another. 

In the 4th century, Beakje conquered almost every southern part of the Korean Peninsula and flourished by accepting Buddhism and reforming its system. Also, due to its advantageous natural environment, Baekje easily traded with China and Japan. Especially Baekje established goodwill relationships with Japanese rulers of the Kofun period and transmitted its advanced culture such as pottery and Buddhism to Japan.
However, in the 5th century, Baekje was defeated by Goguryeo. It suffered the loss of its capital. Baekje moved its capital to Ungjin. In 6th century, King Seong decided to move capital to Sabi to restore Baekje's glorious past. Baekje was ruined by Silla at 660. Although Baekje was destroyed at that time, many ill-fated attempts were existed to restore Baekje from its descendants.

References

History of Korea
Former monarchies of Asia
Former countries in Asia
18 BC establishments
660 disestablishments
7th-century disestablishments in Asia
The App Store is an online market used on Apple's iOS, managed by Apple Inc. The App Store lets users view and download applications that were made with the iOS Software Development Kit. Apps can be downloaded onto an iOS device directly, or onto a computer using iTunes (also managed by Apple).

Apps in the App Store are made mainly for iOS devices, such as iPhones and iPads. Some apps can be downloaded for free while others have a cost. Some have "in-app purchases", which are purchases made within the app. These are sometimes done to remove ads or to add features to an app. 30% of all profit made through apps goes to Apple, while 70% goes to whoever made the app.

Apple iOS 11 App Store is the current eleventh major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. It was announced and the first beta version released to developers at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 5, 2017.

History
History

In July 2008, the App Store opened with a change to iTunes. Apple could now control app quality and add extra pricing to the already set cost of an app. A day later, the iPhone 3G was launched and it came with iOS 2.0.1. This version had App Store support, and was soon made available for older iPhones and the iPod Touch. , there are over one million apps on the App Store.

As of January, 2011, the App Store had nearly 10 billion app downloads, which the company said using the "10 Billion App Countdown". At 10:26 am (GMT) on January 22, 2011, the 10 billionth app was downloaded from Apple App Store. As of July that year, 200 million users downloaded over 15 billion apps from the store.
ABC
Average profit per app is about US$8,700, but Apple does not let the public view this data. In May 2011, Apple approved its 500,000th app.
The success of the App Store led other companies to release their own "app stores", and now any similar service for mobiles are sometimes called app stores.
 However, Apple attempted to trademark the term App Store in 2008 and was approved in 2011. However, in June 2011, U.S. District Judge Phyllis Hamilton said she'll "probably" deny Apple's attempt to stop Amazon using the "App Store" name. On July 6, Apple lost the lawsuit.

The word app is now a popular word; in early 2011, app was given 2010s "Word of the Year" by the American Dialect Society. Apple does not have a trademark on the word app, which has been used as short for "application" since at least the mid-1990s and in products since 2002, for example Google Apps (first introduced in 2006).
In February 2011, Apple announced a new subscription-based service, which will allow developers to set the length and price of subscriptions. Previously, new magazine or news releases were sold as its own release. The new feature allowed publishers to sell content directly through their apps, allowing users to receive new content over specified periods of time.

During Apple's 2012 Worldwide Developer's Conference, Apple CEO Tim Cook said that the App Store has 400 million accounts with registered credit cards, 650,000 available apps to download and "an astounding 30 billion apps" downloaded from the app store.

When the iPhone 5 was launched, Apple changed the look of the App Store, as well as the iTunes Store and iBookstore, as part of iOS 6.

On January 7, 2013, Apple announced that there have been over 40 billion apps downloaded from their iOS App Store, with about half of those coming in 2012.

On February 1, 2013, Apple told developers that they could begin using appstore.com for links to their apps.
In September 2013, Apple announced at its Worldwide Developers Conference the addition of a Kids category to the App Store with the launch of iOS 7. The category is split by age range and apps made for children under 13 must follow the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA).

As of the end of 2013, App Store users spent over US$10 billion in 2013, and users downloaded almost three billion apps in December 2013. This was the most successful month in App Store history, and developers have earned over $15 billion since the making of the App Store.
Number of launched applications
On July 10, 2008, Apple CEO Steve Jobs told USA Today that the App Store contained 500 non-Apple applications for the iPhone and the iPod Touch, and of these 25 percent were free. These applications range from business to game applications, entertainment to educational applications, and many more. On July 11, 2008, the store opened, allowing users to buy applications and put them on an iPhone or iPod Touch with iOS 2.0. Ten million applications were downloaded the first weekend.

On January 16, 2009, Apple said on its website that 500 million applications had been downloaded. The billionth application was downloaded on April 23, 2009. In March 2012, the number of apps downloaded reached 25 billion.

Unlike the apps that come standard on the iPhone, apps downloaded from the App Store can be removed by the user at any time.
iPad applications
The iPad was launched in April 2010 with over 3000 applications made for it. About eight months after the release of the iPad, over 50,000 apps were available for it.

As of July 2011, 16 months after the iPad launched, there were over 100,000 apps available at the App Store made for the device.

By the end of November 2011, Apple advertised in a holiday newsletter of the online Apple Store there are more than 140,000 iPad apps available.

As of January 7, 2013, there were more than 300,000 native iPad apps available for users.

As of October 22, 2013, there were more than 475,000 native iPad apps available for users.

Most popular apps
As of July 2021, these are the most installed App Store apps of all time

History of the #1 Most Installed App

Application ratings
Apple rates apps worldwide based on their content, and gives the app an age group for which is appropriate. The following are the ratings that Apple has detailed:

App approval process
Apple must review all applications before they can enter the App Store for users to download.

, Apple used a method of reviewing apps which had flaws, and this meant that some bad apps could get past the review process.

According to Apple statistics 62% of common app rejections occur due to the regular non-compliance with the main Apple guidelines.

Controversial apps
Many times, Apple has removed apps because they did not follow the Apple policies for apps.

In November 2012, Boyfriend Maker, a dating sim game, was removed due to "reports of references to violent sexual acts and paedophilia" which were not appropriate to Boyfriend Maker's age rating of 4+. A modified version named Boyfriend Maker Plus was approved by Apple in April 2013.

On March 11, 2013, HiddenApps was approved and appeared in the App Store. This app allowed access to special developer-only menus, could allow built-in apps to be hidden, and an option to turn off iAds, Apple's ad system.

National limitations
While Apple wants the App Store to be available worldwide, their market is restricted to country borders. Different countries have slightly different app stores. Some apps may only be available on the app stores of a few countries, while others can be available in many countries. Trying to use an app store of one country while in another may be a problem: Apple warns that "one of the risks of creating a German account while you are in Greece is, our system may able to detect it and it may put restrictions on your account (German) that will prevent you from using the iTunes Store".

Similar services for other devices
Other mobile devices have other app stores available for them. Some of these are made by the company that made the device, but not all are that way. Amazon.com has the Amazon Appstore for all Android users. The Google Play store (was known as Android Market) is the official store for Google's Android devices. In 2010, Microsoft created the Windows Phone Store, an online market for their Windows Phone devices. In October 2012, the Windows Store was made for Windows 8 and Windows RT computers.

Nokia also has the Ovi Store, for Nokia devices. BlackBerry has an app store named BlackBerry World. BlackBerry 10 users do not have to use BlackBerry World, they are allowed to use other app stores as well.

Game consoles, such as the Nintendo DSi, also have their own online stores. The DSi has the "DSi Shop", while the Sony PSP (PlayStation Portable) and the PlayStation Vita have the PlayStation Store.

References
References

Other websites
 , App Store on iTunes, requires iTunes
 App Store Downloads (iTunes not needed)
 Official website on Apple.com
 Official iPhone developer site
 

Apple software
Monsters vs. Aliens  is a 2009 American computer-animated monster comedy movie produced by DreamWorks Animation. It was the first computer animated movie to be directly produced in a stereoscopic 3-D format instead of being changed into 3-D after completion, adding $15 million to the movie's budget. The movie was set to release in May 2009. It was pushed up to March 27, 2009. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray September 29, 2009 in North America. It stars Reese Witherspoon, Seth Rogen, Hugh Laurie, Will Arnett, Conrad Vernon, Rainn Wilson, Kiefer Sutherland, Stephen Colbert and Paul Rudd. There is also an animated television series of of the same name by Nickelodeon and Dreamworks Animation Television.

Release Dates

Cast and characters
Monsters
 Reese Witherspoon as Ginormica: Susan Murphy from Modesto, California who is hit by a radioactive meteor on her wedding day, making her grow to a height of .  She is shy and wants nothing more than to return to her old life, but slowly warms up to her new status as a monster. Because of her exposure with the meteorite's radiation, and her size, she is very strong and has a resistance to energy attacks.
 Seth Rogen as B.O.B.: A mass in which you can't kill made when a genetically-altered tomato was injected with a chemically-altered ranch dessert topping. His greatest strength is to eat anything as well as you can't destoy him. His one weakness is that his change on form didn't give him a brain, making him very dumb. He sometimes mistaks the other monsters' goals in life for his own. His main goal in life is to eat things.
Hugh Laurie as Dr. Cockroach, Ph.D: A smart but mad scientist who, in an experiment to inspire himself with the resilience and powers of a cockroach, ending up with a giant cockroach's head and some personality things of the cockroach. He is charming and powerful.
 Will Arnett as the Missing Link: A 20,000-year-old fish-ape hybrid who was found frozen and thawed out by scientists, only to escape and make trouble at his old lagoon habitat. Normally thought to as Link, he behaves as a jock most of the time, but is rather out of shape. Despite this, he is an expert martial-artist and takes it upon himself to lead the team in attacks, even if his attitude doesn't always work to their advantage.
Conrad Vernon as Insectosaurus: Formerly a  grub transformed by nuclear radiation into a 350 ft monster with the power to shoot silk out of his nose. He is unable to speak clearly, and is mesmerized by bright lights (normally used to lead him to other places). He also has a close friendship with the Missing Link, who can understand what Insectosaurus is saying. In his butterfly form, he has wings and is able to fly and becomes the Monsters' mode of transportation.
Aliens
 Rainn Wilson as Gallaxhar: An evil alien overlord who hopes to take over Earth. He is served by big robot probes and has a big cloning machine. He says to have suffered many traumas in his youth, driving him to destroy his own homeworld, and plans to make a new one on Earth - although viewers never hear most of the story. He wants to collect quantonium - the stuff that transformed Susan - to give his cloning machine enough power to make an army of clones of himself to conquer Earth, and is determined to extract it from Susan. Gallaxhar serves as the main antagonist of the movie.
 Amy Poehler as Gallaxhar's Computer: A smooth-working, user-friendly computer that follows his orders, with a sarcastic tone.
Making of the movie
Ed Leonard, CTO of DreamWorks Animation, says it took about 45.6 million hours to make Monsters vs. Aliens, more than eight times as many as the first Shrek. Many hundred Hewlett-Packard xw8600 workstations were used, along with a large and powerful render farm of HP ProLiant blade servers. It had over 9,000 server  cores, to read through the animation. The movie had to have 120 terabytes (120,000 gigabytes) of data to complete. It also had one explosion scene alone having 6 terabytes (6000 gigabytes).

Since Monsters vs. Aliens, all big movies released by DreamWorks Animation will be made in a 3-D format, using Intel's InTru3D technology.

References

2009 science fiction movies
2009 animated movies
2009 3D movies
American animated movies
American science fiction movies
English-language movies
Saturn Award winning movies
Movies about extraterrestrial life
Movies about giants
Movies set in California
2000s monster movies
Movies directed by Conrad Vernon
Movies directed by Rob Letterman
The Main Event
The success of Saturday Night's Main Event led to several Friday night prime time specials, known as The Main Event. The first of these, on February 5, 1988 featured a WrestleMania III rematch between Hogan and André and drew 33 million viewers and a 15.2 rating, which is still the highest-rated television show in professional wrestling history. This event was shown live. The late night shows however were always taped 1–2 weeks prior to airing.

References

World Wrestling Entertainment television programs
1985 American television series debuts
1992 television series endings
1992 disestablishments in the United States
Generator is the sixth album released by the American punk rock band Bad Religion. Although the album was recorded and finished in May 1991, it was not officially released until March 1992. 100,000 copies of the album were shipped.

Generator was also the band's first release with drummer Bobby Schayer, who replaced Pete Finestone during the Against the Grain tour. Today, Generator has been remembered as one of the best albums to emerge from the early 90s punk scene, and one of the most enduring works of Bad Religion's career.

A video was made for "Atomic Garden". It is available for watching here . This was the first video Bad Religion ever released.