Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Fred Stobaugh (August 22, 1917 – November 23, 2016) was an American retired driver and songwriter. He became well known after he submitted a song, "Oh Sweet Lorraine", to a music competition. The song was about his wife of 72 years. It became a viral video in September 2013. The song was soon entered in the Billboard Hot 100.

Personal life
Stobaugh was born on August 22, 1917 in Peoria, Illinois. He met his wife Lorraine Dinquel in 1938. They were married in 1940. They had three children. Dinquel died in April 2013.

Stobaugh died on November 23, 2016 in Peoria, aged 99.

Oh Sweet Lorraine
A few months after his wife's death, Stobaugh wrote the song "Oh Sweet Lorraine". He entered a singer-songwriter competition hosted by Green Shoe Studio. The video of their recording sessions attracted more than six million hits on YouTube and Vimeo. In September 2013, the song entered the Billboard Hot 100 at No. 42. He is the oldest artist to have appeared on the Hot 100.

Songs

References
Songs

References

Other websites
 A Letter From Fred  at greenshoestudio.com

1917 births
2017 deaths
American songwriters
Writers from Peoria, Illinois
Musicians from Peoria, Illinois
The Ronald Reagan Freedom Award is the highest civilian honor by the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation. The award is given to "those who have made monumental and lasting contributions to the cause of freedom worldwide."

Today, the award is given by Former First Lady Nancy Reagan on behalf of her husband, who died in June 2004. The award was first given in 1992, by President Ronald Reagan himself, as well as in 1993, but in 1994 Mrs. Reagan presented the award instead of her husband due to his poor health.

In order to receive this honor, the recipient must "have made monumental and lasting contributions to the cause of freedom worldwide," as well as "embody President Reagan's lifelong belief that one man or woman truly can make a difference."
Recipients
1992 – Mikhail Gorbachev, former General Secretary of the Soviet Union
1993 – General Colin Powell, former National Security Advisor to President Reagan
1994 – Yitzhak Rabin, former Prime Minister of Israel
1995 – King Hussein I, then King of Jordan
1997 – Bob Hope, former entertainer.
1998 – Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
2000 – The Reverend Billy Graham, evangelical minister 
2002 – Rudy Giuliani, former mayor of New York
2007 – George H. W. Bush, former President of the United States, served under Reagan as Vice President of the United States
2008 – Natan Sharansky, former KGB prisoner, human rights activist, Israeli politician.
2011 – Lech Walesa, former Solidarity leader and former president of Poland

References

American awards
Things named after Ronald Reagan
Westerlund 1 (Wd1, also called Ara Cluster) is a compact young super star cluster. It is in the Milky Way galaxy, about 3.5–5 kiloparsecs (12000–16000 light years) away from Earth.

It is the most massive compact young star cluster known in the entire Local Group of galaxies. It was discovered by Bengt Westerlund in 1961. It remained largely unstudied for many years due to high interstellar extinction (absorption) in its direction. In the future, it will probably evolve into a globular cluster.
The cluster contains a large number of rare, evolved, high-mass stars, including: six yellow hypergiants, four red supergiants, 24 Wolf-Rayet stars, a luminous blue variable, many OB supergiants, and an unusual supergiant sgB[e] star which may be the remnant of a recent stellar merger. In addition, X-ray observations have revealed the presence of a strange X-ray pulsar, a slow rotating neutron star that must have formed from a high-mass progenitor star. Westerlund 1 is believed to have formed in a single burst of star formation, so the stars have similar ages and compositions.

Apart from hosting some of the most massive and least-understood stars in the galaxy, Westerlund 1 is useful as an example of a relatively nearby, so easier to observe, super star cluster  to help astronomers find out what happens in extragalactic super star clusters.
Distance and position 
Wd1 is too far away for direct measurement of the distance by parallax measurements, so the distance must be got from the expected absolute magnitude of the stars and estimates of the extinction towards the cluster. This has been done, giving estimates of 5 kpc and 3.6 kpc by different methods. These estimates all place Wd1 near the outer edge of the Milky Way's galactic bar.

References 

Super star clusters
Super star clusters are huge star clusters of very young large stars. They are thought to be precursors of globular clusters. Their short-lived huge blue stars emit lots of UV radiation which ionises the surrounding gas. Examples are Westerlund 1 and 2 in the Milky Way, and R136 in the Larger Magellanic Cloud. Nearby galaxy NGC 1569 has two SSCs.

References
Miss Representation is a 2011 American documentary film. It was written, directed, and produced by Jennifer Siebel Newsom. It is about how the American media is sexist. The documentary has interviews with Condoleezza Rice, Margaret Cho, Jane Fonda, Lisa Ling, Nancy Pelosi, Katie Couric, Rachel Maddow, Rosario Dawson, Cory Booker, Geena Davis, Dr. Jackson Katz, Dr. Jean Kilbourne, and Gloria Steinem. On January 22, 2011 the film was shown at the Sundance Film Festival. Miss Representation won Outstanding Documentary at the 2012 Gracie Allen Awards.

References

2011 movies
Feminism
American independent movies
Tracey Lynn Livermore (born March 29, 1973), known professionally as Brandi Love, is an American adult model and pornographic actress. She is the co-owner and Chief Financial Officer of No Rivals Media, a pornography company. She is also the creator of parentsinadult.com, an organization dedicated to parents working in the sex industry.

She was born in Dearborn, Michigan.

References

Other websites

Official website
Marketing The Message
AVN Partners With Parents in Adult
 
 

1973 births
Living people
Actors from Dearborn, Michigan
American adult models
American pornographic actors
American sex industry businesspeople
Businesspeople from North Carolina
Models from North Carolina
American bloggers
Simi Valley is a city in the state of California, in the United States. As of the 2020 Census the population is 126,356.

References
The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) is a drama school in London, England. It is one of the oldest drama schools in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1904 by Herbert Beerbohm Tree. It is thought to be one of the best drama schools in the world. Architect Bryan Avery designed the university.

The President of RADA is actor Kenneth Branagh since the death of Richard Attenborough in August 2014. The Vice-Chairman is yet to be announced since the last one Alan Rickman died while in position in January 2016. Many famous actors have studied here.

Notable alumni
Gemma Arterton (born 1986), movie, stage and television actress
Dean Joseph Norris (born c. 1962/1963) movie and television actor
Richard Attenborough (born 1923), actor, director and producer
Sir Alan Bates (1934–2003), movie, stage and television actor
Sean Bean (born 1959), movie & television actor
Sir Kenneth Branagh (born 1960), actor and movie director
Joan Collins (born 1933), actress and producer
Sir Tom Courtenay (born 1937), movie, stage and television actor
Timothy Dalton (born 1946), movie, stage and television actor
Charles Durning (1923-2012), movie, stage and television actor
Brian Epstein (1934–1967), music entrepreneur and manager
Ralph Fiennes (born 1962), movie and stage actor
Elizabeth Sellars (born 1923), movie and stage actress
Albert Finney (born 1936), movie, stage and television actor
Sir Michael Gambon (born 1940), movie, stage and television actor
Sir John Gielgud (1904–2000), actor, director and producer
Maggie Gyllenhaal (born 1977), stage and screen actress
Sir Ronald Harwood (born 1934), playwright and screenwriter
Sally Hawkins (born 1976), stage and screen actress
Tom Hiddleston (born 1981), movie, television, radio, and stage actor
Sir Anthony Hopkins (born 1937), movie, stage and television actor
Sir Ian Holm (born 1931), movie, stage and television actor
John Hurt (born 1940), actor and vocal artist
Glenda Jackson (born 1936), actress and politician
Ted Lange (born 1948), movie, television, stage, and voice actor
Charles Laughton (1899–1962), actor, screenwriter and producer
Mike Leigh (born 1943), movie and theatre director, screenwriter
Vivien Leigh (1913–1967), stage and screen actress
Andrew Lincoln (born 1973), actor
Matthew Macfadyen (born 1974), movie, stage, television and voice actor
Steve McFadden (born 1959), movie and television actor and presenter
Sir Roger Moore (born 1927), movie and television actor
Alan Napier (1903-1988), movie, television and stage actor
Joe Orton (1933–1967), playwright
Peter O'Toole (1932-2013), stage and screen actor
Clive Owen (born 1964), movie actor
Alex Kingston (born 1963), movie, stage and television actress
Harold Pinter (1930–2008), playwright, director and screenwriter
Jonathan Pryce (born 1947), actor and singer
Alan Rickman (born 1946), actor and theatre director
Dame Diana Rigg (born 1938), stage and movie actress
Liev Schreiber (born 1967), movie actor, producer, director and screenwriter
Michael Sheen (born 1969), stage and movie actor
Timothy Spall (born 1957), actor
Ben Whishaw (born 1980), movie, stage, television and radio actor
Susannah York (1939–2011), movie, stage and television actress
Martha Howe-Douglas (born 1980), television actress
References

Other websites

 

1904 establishments in England
Colleges and universities in London
Lưu Hữu Phước (12 September 1921 - 8 June 1989) was a Vietnamese composer. He composed Thanh Niên Hành Khúc (English: March of the Students), the national anthem of South Vietnam. After he became a communist, he composed Giải phóng miền Nam (English: Release the South), the national anthem of Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam.

20th-century composers
Vietnamese composers
1921
1989
Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, also known as Republic of South Vietnam or PRG was a former country that existed in Asia from 1969 to 1976. It was established on 6 June, 1969 with the support of North Vietnam and Viet Cong. The PRG existed as an underground government to the  Republic of Vietnam until 1975. On 30 April, 1975, following the surrender of the government of Republic of Vietnam, the PRG officially became the government of Southern Vietnam. From then, it existed as an puppet state of North Vietnam. On 2 July, 1976, the PRG merged with North Vietnam to create a new country - Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

Former countries in Asia
Vietnam War
20th century in Vietnam
"İstiklâl Marşı" (, meaning "The Independence March") is the national anthem of Turkey. It became the national anthem on 12 March 1921, two and a half years before the Republic of Turkey became a country. This song, at first, was really meant to excite troops that were fighting in the Turkish War of Independence. Nowadays, it is an important symbol of Turkish nationalism and patriotism.

The words were written by Mehmet Âkif Ersoy, and the music was composed by Osman Zeki Üngör. The main theme about this song is about the homeland of the Turkish people and their liberty. They relate to their flag and spirit of their homeland. Part of the words mention the sacrifice of the soldiers, as well as the Turkish National Movement's victory of the War of Independence.

It is also used as the national anthem of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), a country only Turkey recognises as sovereign. In that part of Cyprus, this song was adopted in 1983 under Article II of the Constitution of Northern Cyprus.
Lyrics

Original 
Only the first two verses (highlighted in bold) are officially part of the national anthem and are performed in ceremonies.

References 

1921 works
Northern Cyprus
European anthems
Asian anthems

National symbols of Turkey
Emilie de Ravin (born 27 December 1981) is an Australian actress, best known for her starring roles as Tess Harding in the sci-fi series Roswell (2000–2002), Claire Littleton in the ABC drama series Lost (2004–2008, 2010), and Belle in the American Broadcasting Company fantasy-drama series Once Upon a Time (2011–2018).

Ravin was born in Mount Eliza, Victoria, Australia.

References

1981 births
Living people
Australian television actors
Australian movie actors
Actors from Victoria (Australia)
Survivor Series (1994) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on November 24, 1993 at Boston Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the seventh Survivor Series event held by the WWF.

Matches

References

Other websites
Official Survivor Series 1993 website

1993 in professional wrestling
1993 in the United States
Sports in Boston
Survivor Series
20th century in Boston
1990s in Massachusetts
Robert Warne Wilson (November 3, 1926 – December 23, 2013) was an American hedge fund manager and philanthropist. He founded Wilson & Associates in 1969 after years of working as a securities analyst. He retired in 1986.  By 2000 he was worth an estimated US$800 million dollars.

Wilson was born in Detroit, Michigan. He also collected fine art. Wilson was openly gay.

Wilson gave away over $400 million (according to some more than $500 million) to environmental and preservation organizations. These included the Nature Conservancy and the World Monuments Fund.

Wilson died at the age of 87. He jumped from the 16th floor of his apartment in Manhattan, New York. He had suffered a stroke in the month of June, before his suicide.

References

1926 births
2013 deaths
People who committed suicide
American philanthropists
American LGBT people
Gay men
Businesspeople from Detroit
Junction City is a city in the state of Kansas, in the United States. It is the  county seat of Geary County.

County seats in Kansas
Cities in Kansas
Manhattan is a city in the state of Kansas in the United States. It is at the junction of the Kansas River and Big Blue River. It is the county seat of Riley County. The city extends into Pottawatomie County. In 2010, 52,281 people lived there. It is sometimes confused with Manhattan, New York.

The city was created by settlers from the New England Emigrant Aid Company. They created it as a Free-State town in the 1850s. This was during the Bleeding Kansas era. It is nicknamed "The Little Apple" as a play on New York City's "Big Apple". Manhattan is best known as where Kansas State University is. It is a college town.

Fort Riley, a United States Army base, is  west of Manhattan.

History
History

Native American settlement
Before settlement by European-Americans in the 1850s, Native American tribes lived in the area. From 1780 to 1830 it was where the Kaw people (also known as the Kansa) lived. The Kaw settlement was called Blue Earth Village (Manyinkatuhuudje). It was named after the river the tribe called the Great Blue Earth River. It is known as the Big Blue River. The river intersected with the Kansas River by their village. Blue Earth Village was the place of a large battle between the Kaw and the Pawnee in 1812.

The Kaw tribe lost their land in a treaty signed at the Shawnee Methodist Mission on January 14, 1846.

1854: Polistra and Canton
The Kansas–Nebraska Act opened the Kansas territory to settlement by U.S. citizens in 1854. In Fall 1854, George S. Park created the first white settlement where Manhattan is. Park named it Polistra (some refer to it as Poliska or Poleska).
In late 1854, Samuel D. Houston and three other people created Canton, a nearby community. It was near the mouth of the Big Blue River. Neither Canton nor Polistra ever grew beyond their original founders.

21st century
In 2007, CNN and Money magazine said Manhattan was one of the ten best places in America to retire young. In 2011, Forbes said Manhattan was the best for "Best Small Communities for a Business and Career."

Geography
Manhattan is at  (39.190142, −96.586818), or about  west of Topeka on the Kansas River.

The United States Census Bureau says that the city has an area of . Of that,  is land and  is water.

Geographic features

Manhattan is in Kansas' Flint Hills region. That region has rolling hills covered in tall grasses. However, the downtown area was built on a broad, flat floodplain at the junction of the Kansas and Big Blue rivers. Manhattan is the biggest town in the Flint Hills. The Flint Hills Discovery Center is in Manhattan.
Tuttle Creek Reservoir is  north of Manhattan. The lake was created when the Big Blue River was dammed to help stop floods in the 1960s. It is a state park that has many things to do. The Konza Prairie, a tallgrass prairie preserve owned by The Nature Conservancy and Kansas State University, is south of Manhattan.

Climate
Manhattan has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa). It has hot, humid summers and cold, dry winters. The hottest temperature was  on August 13, 1936. The coldest temperature was  on February 12, 1899.

Tornadoes
The state of Kansas falls within an area sometimes called Tornado Alley. The worst tornado in Manhattan was at 10:30 pm on June 11, 2008. Thirty-one homes and some businesses were destroyed by the EF4 tornado. The tornado caused about $20 million in damage to Kansas State University's campus. Some university buildings got a lot of damage. The tornado's winds destroyed the Wind Erosion Laboratory's garage. No one was killed.
Before that, the worst tornado to hit Manhattan was on June 8, 1966. The 1966 tornado caused $5 million in damage. It injured at least 65 people in Manhattan.

Flooding
The worst floods in Manhattan's history were the 1903 and 1908 floods, the Great Flood of 1951 and the Great Flood of 1993.

People

Manhattan is the main city of the Manhattan metropolitan area. In 2014, there was am estimated 98,091 people living there. It is also the main city of the Manhattan-Junction City, Kansas Combined Statistical Area. In 2014, there was an estimated 134,804 people living there. That would make it the fourth biggest urban area in Kansas.

2010 census
In 2010, there were 52,281 people, 20,008 households, and 9,466 families living in Manahttan.

Government
Government

Local
Manhattan uses a council-manager system. It has a five-member City Commission. Elections are nonpartisan. They happen every other year, in odd-numbered years. Three City Commission positions are chosen in each election. The Mayor has the same voting rights as other Commissioners and does not have a veto.

Federal
Manhattan is in Kansas's 1st congressional district. Republican Roger Marshall represents Manhattan in the United States House of Representatives.

Economy
Manhattan's economy is based on the public sector. Kansas State University is the biggest employer in town. Its 24,000 students help support the retail and entertainment venues in Manhattan. The second-biggest employer in Manhattan is the city school district. Many civilians and military personnel are employed by Fort Riley. Many of them also live in Manhattan and support its economy, including more than 3,500 civilian Fort Riley employees.
Historic businesses
Manhattan's Tallgrass Brewing Co was the biggest brewery in Kansas until closed in 2018.

Education

Kansas State University is the biggest employer and educational institution in the city of Manhattan. It has about 24,000 students. Kansas State University is the best among state universities in the United States in its total number of Rhodes, Marshall, Truman, Goldwater, and Udall scholars since 1986.

Manhattan also has the Manhattan Christian College, Manhattan Area Technical College, the American Institute of Baking and The Flint Hills Job Corps Training Center, and the Kansas Building Science Institute.
Manhattan is served by US$383 Manhattan-Ogden. It has one public high school with two campuses (Manhattan High School), two middle schools (Susan B. Anthony and Dwight D. Eisenhower), and eight elementary schools (Amanda Arnold, Frank V. Bergman, Bluemont, Lee, Marlatt, Northview, Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson). Manhattan also has two private school systems: Flint Hills Christian School (Preschool – 12th grade) and the Manhattan Catholic Schools. Manhattan Catholic School has two buildings, the grade school building (K-5)and the Luckey Jr. High building (6–8), formerly called the Luckey high building dedicated to Monsignor Luckey. The school's mascot is "Luckey the Cardinal".

Transportation
Transportation

Airports
Manhattan Regional Airport (MHK) is  west of Manhattan on K-18. It is the second busiest commercial airport in Kansas. American Airlines and subsidiary American Eagle use the airport. It has multiple flights daily to Chicago's O'Hare International Airport and the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. It also does general aviation and charter flights. The nearest big commercial airports are in Kansas City (MCI) and Wichita, Kansas (ICT).

Rail
Domestic passenger rail service to Manhattan started on August 20, 1866. The Kansas Pacific Railroad built the first railroad there. A railroad of the Union Pacific Railroad still goes through the city, but all passenger service to Manhattan stopped after the Amtrak took over passenger rail in 1971.

The Rock Island Railroad also used to go to Manhattan as a stop on Rock Island's Kansas City–Colorado Springs Rocky Mountain Rocket service.
Public transportation
In Manhattan, there is a small public transportation system. It is provided by Riley County's subsidized paratransit service, ATA Bus. ATA uses four small buses and a number of minivans.

Highways
Several highways go to Manhattan:
  runs about  south of Manhattan. Three exits have a direct connection to Manhattan.
 Exit 313 – K-177
 Exit 307 – McDowell Creek Road
 Exit 303 – K-18
  goes through Manhattan.
  goess north from I-70 as Bill Snyder Highway until the Kansas River viaduct.
  is a major connector in Manhattan.
  (Seth Child Road)

Media
Media

Newspaper
The Manhattan Mercury is Manhattan's main newspaper. It publishes six days per week. Other newspapers published in Manhattan include:  the alternative weekly The Hype Weekly which focuses on events, arts, and culture in the area; the weekly Manhattan Free Press; the agriculture-focused Grass & Grain; and the K-State university newspaper, the Kansas State Collegian. Manhattan has had at least one newspaper published for the town continuously since The Kansas Express published its first newspaper on May 21, 1859.

Radio and television
Manhattan is a center of broadcast media for the surrounding area. One AM and ten FM radio stations are licensed to the city. Manhattan is in the Topeka, Kansas television market.

The first television station in Kansas was W9XAK in Manhattan. It was licensed to broadcast by the Federal Radio Commission on March 9, 1932.

Sister cities
  Dobřichovice, Czech Republic (2006).
Related pages
 Johnny Kaw – fictional Paul Bunyanesque character
 Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area
 June 1966 tornado outbreak sequence
 Great Flood of 1951

References

More reading
 Olson, Kevin G. W. Frontier Manhattan: Yankee Settlement to Kansas Town, 1854–1894 (University Press of Kansas, 2012) 273 pp.

Other websites
 
 
City
 City of Manhattan
 Manhattan – Directory of Public Officials
 Manhattan – Convention and Visitor's Bureau
 Manhattan Chamber of Commerce
 Manhattan – Kansas business directory
Schools
 USD 383, local school district
Newspapers
 The Hype Weekly
 The Manhattan Mercury
 The Manhattan Free Press
 The Kansas State Collegian
Other
 Manhattan's Sunset Zoo
 Manhattan's Insect Zoo
 The Great Manhattan Mystery Conclave
 Manhattan Kansas Travel and Recreation
Maps
 Manhattan City Map, KDOT

County seats in Kansas
Cities in Pottawatomie County, Kansas
1855 establishments in Kansas Territory
Schaumburg is a large village in Cook County in northeastern Illinois, United States. The village is a northwestern suburb of Chicago. It is north-west of the O'Hare International Airport.

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Settlements in DuPage County, Illinois
Danny Kaye (born David Daniel Kaminsky; January 18, 1911 – March 3, 1987) was an American actor, comedian, singer, and dancer. He hosted his own television show, The Danny Kaye Show. He has also starred in many movies.

Kaye died in Los Angeles, California from heart failure. He was aged 76.

References

Other websites

 
 Danny Kaye tribute and fan website 
 Tribute to Danny Kaye in The Court Jester 
 Danny! – The Definitive Danny Kaye Fan Site
 Royal Engineers Museum  Danny Kaye in Korea 1952
 Literature on Danny Kaye
 N.Y. Times Obituary for Danny Kaye

1911 births
1987 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
American dancers
Actors from New York City
Singers from New York City
Musicians from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Ira Dean Jagger (November 7, 1903 – February 5, 1991) was an American movie actor. His career lasted for nearly 60 years. He received an Academy Award for his role in Henry King's Twelve O'Clock High (1949).

Jagger was born in Columbus Grove, Ohio. He died from heart disease in Santa Monica, California. He was 87. He was buried in the small town of Hughson, California, at Lakewood Memorial Park.

References

Other websites

 
 
 

Academy Award winning actors
1903 births
1991 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
Actors from Ohio
Michael Jackson: The Immortal World Tour is the first of two theatrical productions by Cirque du Soleil. It uses music by Michael Jackson. The show was written and directed by Jamie King. The first show was in October 2011. By December 2011 the show had sold out over $100 million in tickets. On November 21, 2011 Immortal, the soundtrack album to the show, was released by Epic Records. There are 20 songs on the album. It sold 43,000 copies in its first week.

References

Michael Jackson
Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma. The band was formed in 1992 by brothers Isaac, Taylor and Zac Hanson. They are best known for their 1997 number one single "MMMBop". The song was nominated for two Grammys at the 1998 Grammy Awards. They started their own record label 3CG Records in October 2003.

History
Hanson were at first called The Hanson Brothers. They performed for the first time in 1992 at the Mayfest Arts Festival in Tulsa. Hanson released their first album Boomerang in 1995. In 1997 Hanson released their third album Middle of Nowhere. It sold ten million copies. Five singles were released from it. "MMMBop" was the first single.  The band was signed to Mercury Records in 1996.
Discography
 Boomerang (1995)
 MMMBop (1996)
 Middle of Nowhere (1997)
 Snowed In (1997)
 3 Car Garage (1998)
 Live from Albertane (1998)
 This Time Around (2000)
 Underneath (2004)
 The Walk (2007)
 Shout It Out (2010)
 Anthem (2013)
 Middle of Everywhere: The Greatest Hits (2017)
 Finally It's Christmas (2017)
 String Theory (2018)

References

Other websites

 
 

1990s American music groups
1992 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Oklahoma
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American boy bands
American pop rock bands
Musical groups established in 1992
Musical groups from Oklahoma
Musical trios
Tulsa, Oklahoma
NHL 14 is an ice hockey video game. It was developed by EA Canada and published by EA Sports.

It was released on September 10, 2013 in North America, September 12, 2013 in Australasia, and on September 13, 2013 in Europe. The game was the 23rd in the NHL video game series and is the sequel to NHL 13. New Jersey Devils goaltender Martin Brodeur is shown on the cover of the game. This is the first time since NHL 97 that a goaltender has been featured on the cover.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 8.3 out of 10. They said, "With much better collisions and a vastly improved fighting minigame, NHL 14 is becoming more gamey and less of a simulation, but that gives it a distinct and interesting flavor compared to its predecessors."

GameSpot gave the game a 6 out of 10. They said, "NHL 14 adds little of note to NHL 13 aside from better hitting, more fighting, and a disappointing NHL 94 retro mode."

References

2013 video games
Electronic Arts video games
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
Sports video games
NHL 13 is an ice hockey video game. It was developed by EA Canada and published by EA Sports.

It was released on September 11, 2012 in North America, September 13, 2012 in Australasia, and on September 14, 2012 in Europe. The game was the 22nd in the NHL video game series and is the sequel to NHL 12. Philadelphia Flyers forward Claude Giroux is featured on the cover of the game.

For the first time in the series, there were two playable female characters, Hayley Wickenheiser and Angela Ruggiero that were added.

Reception
IGN rated the game a 8.5 out of 10. They said, "For a full-price title, gamers get so much more than mere roster and tuner updates (which come for free and with regularity, by the way). You also get robust online and offline modes that could potentially keep you busy for hundreds of hours."

GameSpot gave the game a 8 out of 10. They said, "NHL 13 adds some great new skating physics and smarter AI, although you've already seen a lot of what the game has to offer."

References
References

2012 video games
Electronic Arts video games
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
Sports video games
Juan Canaveris (1748–1822) was an Italian notary. He worked for the viceroyalty of Río de la Plata in the 1700s.

Biography 

He was born in Saluzzo, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia in 1738 or 1748. His parents were Gabriel Canaveri and Margarita Jugluns, but he changed his name from the Italian-sounding Canaveri to the Spanish-sounding Canaveris later on.

Canaveris became a notary.  He arrived at Buenos Aires around 1770, where he married Bernarda Esparza, the granddaughter of Miguel Jerónimo Esparza. At that time, Esparza was the alcalde, or governor, of Cabildo of Buenos Aires. Between 1777 and 1786, Canaveris worked as the portero of the court of auditors, In 1795, he was appointed as representative of the protector guardian of natural resources and Indians in the village of San Pablo de Capinota, Bolivia.

In 1798, delegates of the council of Santiago del Estero appointed Canaveris chief assignee for Cabildo.

1806-1810
1806-1810 

During the British invasions of the Río de la Plata, Canaveris returned to work as a portero under the orders of Martín de Alzaga. His sons, José, Manuel, and Joaquín also participated in the defense of Buenos Aires in the regiments—Quinteros and Labradores, Húsares of Pueyrredón, and Cántabros Montañeses. The monk Martin Esparza, a relative of Canaveris's wife, was killed by British troops during the second invasion in the interior Convent of Santo Domingo.

During the May Revolution of 1810, Canaveris went to a community meeting and voted to dismiss the viceroy.

Descendants 
Canaveris' descendants include Feliciano, and Isabelino Canaveris, both of whom served in the military.

Hector Canaveri served as congressman of the Province of Buenos Aires. Camilo Canaveri was a lawyer.
He also was the grandfather of doctors Sinforoso Amoedo and Angel Canaveris.

His youngest son Mariano Canaveris, became a teacher.

References
References

Other websites 
 http://www.dante.edu.ar/web/dic/c.pdf 
 Documentos para la historia argentina

1748 births
1822 deaths
Politicians from Buenos Aires
People from Piedmont
Lauren Elizabeth Potter (born May 10, 1990) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Becky Jackson on the television show Glee.

She grew up in Southern California's Inland Empire. She has Down syndrome.

References

American television actors
1990 births
Living people
Actors from Riverside County, California
Elvira Quintillá (19 September 1928 – 27 December 2013) was a Spanish actress. Her career has lasted for nearly 60 years.

Quintillá was born in Barcelona. Her career began in 1941. In 1947, she married José María Rodero. They were married until Rodero's death in May 1991.

Quintillá died at the age of 85, in Madrid. She died from a heart attack.

References

Other websites

1928 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Spanish movie actors
Spanish television actors
Spanish stage actors
Entertainers from Barcelona
Sinforoso Amoedo (18 July 1823 - 1871) was an Argentine medical doctor.

He was born in Buenos Aires. He was the son of Hilario Amoedo Garazatúa and Juana Josefa Canaveris. He began his high school studies at the Colegio Republicano. He studied medicine at the University of Buenos Aires, where he received his Doctor of Medicine. He practiced in the Parroquia de la Concepción until his retirement. He was replaced by Dr. Juan Antonio Argerich.

He worked with patients during the yellow fever epidemic that hit the city of Buenos Aires. He died of yellow fever himself in 1871. His family was honored with a medal for his courage and heroism to fight against the epidemic.

References

Other websites 
http://www.genealogia.org.ar/Revista_bajar/Genealogia_Revista_24.pdf 

1823 births
1871 deaths
Scientists from Buenos Aires
Argentine physicians
Patricia Robins (1 February 1921 – 4 December 2016) was an English romance novelist. She was also known as Claire Lorrimer. She also served as Women's Auxiliary Air Force officer during World War II tracking Nazi bombers.

Her mother was Denise Robins, the popular romance novelist. Her maternal grandmother was the also writer K. C. Groom. Her maternal grandfather was Herman Klein, a musician.

Robins was born in Hove, Sussex, England. She died at her home in rural Kent, England from complication of a fall on 3 December 2016, aged 95.

References

Other websites
 Patricia Robins at fantasticfiction.co.uk

1921 births
2016 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Writers from Sussex
Nigersaurus (meaning "Niger reptile") is a genus of Diplodocus-like sauropod dinosaur. It lived in the middle of the Cretaceous period in what is now the Republic of Niger. Fossils of this dinosaur were first described in 1976, but it was only named in 1999 after more complete remains were found and described.

Its skull was very different from Diplodocus, suggesting a different feeding method. It had many fenestrae (openings) and thin bones. It had a wide muzzle filled with more than 500 teeth. They were replaced often: about every 14 days the whole set were replaced together. The jaws may have had a keratinous sheath, something like a wide beak. Its jaws were wider than the skull, and its teeth were placed far to the front.

Nigersaurus was  long, which is small for a sauropod, and had a short neck. It weighed around 4 tonnes, comparable to a modern elephant. Its skeleton was filled with air sacs, which lightened the weight. Its limbs were robustly built.
Nigersaurus was probably a browser, and fed with its head close to the ground. The region of its brain that detected smell was small, although its brain size was comparable to that of other dinosaurs. There has been debate on whether its head was habitually held downwards, or horizontally like other sauropods. It lived in a riparian habitat (near rivers). Its diet probably consisted of soft plants, such as ferns, horsetails, and angiosperms. It is one of the most common fossil vertebrates found in the area, and shared its habitat with other large herbivores, as well as large theropods and crocodylomorphs.

References 

Diplodocids
The Independent Democratic Union (, UDI) is a political party in Chile. Its politics are considered to be right wing. The party was founded on 1983 by Jaime Guzmán during the government of Augusto Pinochet.

Party emblems

Notes

Other websites 

 UDI's official website 

Political parties in Chile
Conservative parties
1983 establishments in South America
1980s establishments in Chile
Pussy Riot is a Russian feminist punk rock protest group of eleven women. 

The group was formed in August 2011 in Moscow. Three members of the group (Yekaterina Samutsevich, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, and Maria Alyokhina) were put in prison for a protest they did at a cathedral in Moscow against Vladimir Putin. Yekaterina Samutsevich was let out of prison in September 2012 after her appeal succeeded. 

There were protests around the world by people who thought that it was wrong for Pussy Riot members to be put in prison. Lots of famous people said that they should be released including Madonna. On December 23, 2013, Tolokonnikova and Alyokhina were let out. Other members declared that Nadezhda Tolokonnikova and Maria Alyokhina could not be Pussy Riot members because they showed their faces on US television.

Music
Pussy Riot have released twenty songs, including an album called xxx (styled in lower capitals) .
Documentary
In January 2013 a documentary about Pussy Riot called Pussy Riot: A Punk Prayer was released. On 21 October 2013 BBC4 showed it.

Related pages 
 MediaZona

References

Other websites 

2010s music groups
2011 establishments in Russia
Feminists
Musicians from Moscow
Musical groups established in 2011
Russian activists‎
Punk bands
Russian musical groups
The Division of Mitchell is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It is named after Major Thomas Mitchell, surveyor and explorer who was the first European to explore large areas of New South Wales and Victoria. It was set up in 1949.

The division covers the north-west suburbs of Sydney. It includes Baulkham Hills, Beaumont Hills, Bella Vista, Box Hill, Kellyville, Nelson and Winston Hills. It also includes parts of Castle Hill, North Rocks, Northmead, Maraylya, Rouse Hill and West Pennant Hills. 

After the 2013 federal election, Mitchell became the safest Liberal seat in metropolitan Australia. The ALP would need a 22% swing to win it.

Members

Election results

References

Other websites
 Division of Mitchell - Australian Electoral Commission

Electoral divisions of Australia
New South Wales
1949 establishments in Australia
The neon tetra (Paracheirodon innesi) is a freshwater fish. Neon tetras are native to South America and mainly in the Amazon. In captivity they grow to about 2.2 cm.

In the aquarium
Neon tetras are sturdy, cheap and easy to look after. They are schooling fish and like to be kept with other neon tetras. They can also be kept in community tanks with other peaceful fish. They like to live in a water temperature of around 20–26°C.

Diet 
Neon tetras are omnivores. They eat most flake foods. They should also be fed live food like brine shrimp or daphnia supplement their diets.

References
http://www.wikihow.com/Care-for-Neon-Tetra
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/tetrafish/neontetra.php
http://www.keepingtropicalfish.co.uk/fish-database/neon-tetra/

Characiformes
Freshwater fish
Aquarium fish
In mathematics a loss function or cost function is a mathematical function that maps an event, or the values of one or more variables onto a real number. This number is then given a semantic value, such as cost  or utility. Optimisation can then be used to find the value where the function is minimal, or at one of its maxima.

Functions and mappings
The Kia Combi was a series of minibuses built by Asia Motors and Kia Motors from 1983 to Present. Kia Motors has owned Asia Motors since 1976.

Related pages
 List of bus models

References

Other websites
Chronological table of Korean Buses 

Kia automobiles
Buses
Jefferson's Birthday is a holiday in the United States. It celebrates the birth of Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States. It is celebrated every April 13.

Presidential birthdays in the United States
Mozzarella sticks are pieces of battered or breaded mozzarella. It is a deep fried food. In the United States, it is often served in restaurants as an appetizer and as food served in pubs. It is shaped like a stick.

Mozzarella sticks are often served with tomato or marinara sauce. They may also be served with plum sauce, jalapeño jelly, barbecue sauce, honey mustard sauce, and ranch dressing. Other types of cheese may be fried, such as provolone, cheddar, and American.

References

American food
Cheese dishes
The cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi) is a freshwater fish.

In the aquarium
Cardinal tetras grow to about 3 centimetres. They are shoaling fish and like to be kept with other cardinal tetras and they can be kept with other non-aggressive fish. In good conditions the cardinal tetra can live for about five years. The cardinal tetra is a very popular fish but is not as popular as the neon tetra because it is more difficult to breed. They like to live in a temperature of around 23–27°C.

Diet
The cardinal tetra will feed happily on flake foods and small pellets. They also eat live food such as bloodworms or brine shrimp. Wild ones will eat bugs.

References
http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=830+890+895&pcatid=895
http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/content.php?sid=3139 
http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/tetrafish/cardinaltetra2.php

Characiformes
Freshwater fish
Aquarium fish
Frankie Goes to Hollywood were a British dance band from Liverpool, England. The band is probably best known for their first single "Relax". This BBC banned the song.

The band released their first studio album Welcome to the Pleasuredome on 29 October 1984. The album featured the singles "Relax", "Two Tribes", "The Power of Love" and "Welcome to the Pleasuredome". Their second and last studio album Liverpool was released on 20 October 1986. The band broke up in 1987. They reunited in 2004, but broke up again in 2007.

Band members 
Mark O'Toole – bass (1980–1987, 2004–2007)
Peter Gill – drums (1980–1987, 2004–2007)
Holly Johnson – lead singer (1980–1987)
Jed O'Toole – guitar (1980–1982, 2004–2007)
Sonia Mazumder – lead vocalist (1980)
Paul Rutherford – back-up singer, keyboards, dancing (1980–1987, 2004–2007)
Brian Nash – guitar (1982–1987)
Ryan Molloy – lead singer (2004–2007)

Discography

Albums
Welcome to the Pleasuredome (1984)
Liverpool (1986)

References

Other websites 
Official website
Musical groups established in 1980
1980 establishments in England
1980s British music groups
Musical groups disestablished in 1987
1987 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
2000s British music groups
Musical groups established in 2004
2004 establishments in England
Musical groups disestablished in 2007
2007 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
2000s disestablishments in England
English pop music groups
Musical groups from Liverpool
New wave bands
Nottoway Plantation is a plantation house in a town called White Castle in the state of Louisiana. In 1980 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. John Hampden Randolph bought the area and then built the house in 1859. He owned 155 African-Americans as slaves. They worked in the sugarcane fields. After Mr. Randolph’s death Mrs. Randolph sold the plantation in 1889 for $50,000. Nottoway There are 165 doors and 200 windows. This makes 365 openings. Plantation has a museum.

References

Buildings and structures in Louisiana
Plantations in the United States
1859 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Louisiana
Claude Vilgrain (born March 1, 1963) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played a total of 89 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). Vilgrain was born in Haiti. He is the first Haitian-born player in NHL history.

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Vilgrain played three seasons in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) with the Laval Voisins. He also played hockey at the Université de Moncton for three years.

He was drafted with the 107th overall pick by the Detroit Red Wings in the 1982 NHL Entry Draft. He never played a game for the Red Wings. He signed a contract with the Vancouver Canucks in June 1987. He played six games with them, scoring one goal and making one assist. In March 1989, the Canucks traded Vilgrain to the New Jersey Devils in exchange for Tim Lenardon. During his time with the Devils, he played 81 games and made 20 goals and 31 assists. The Philadelphia Flyers signed him to a contract in 1993. He only played 2 games with them. He retired in 2002.
References

Other websites 

1979 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Haitian sportspeople
Hershey Bears players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
Laval Voisins players
Living people
New Jersey Devils players
Philadelphia Flyers players
Utica Devils players
Vancouver Canucks players
Joyce Carol Thomas (May 25, 1938 – August 13, 2016) was an African-American poet, playwright, motivational speaker, and author of more than 30 children's books. 

Thomas was born in Ponca City, Oklahoma, the fifth of nine children in a family of cotton pickers. In 1948 the family moved to Tracy, California, to pick vegetables. She learned Spanish from Mexican migrant workers and earned a B.A. in Spanish from San Jose State University. She took night classes in education at Stanford University, while raising four children, and received a master's degree in 1967.

For her 1982 novel Marked by Fire, Thomas won a National Book Award for Young People's Literature|National Book Award in category Children's Fiction (paperback)
and an American Book Award.
Thomas has been one of three to five finalists for the Coretta Scott King Award three times, in 1984 for Bright Shadow, in 1994 for Brown Honey in Broomwheat Tea, and in 2009 for The Blacker the Berry in 2009. Part of the American Library Association program, every year the King Award honors the "most distinguished portrayal of African American experience in literature for children or teens".
She also received a New York Times Outstanding Book of the Year Award and an Outstanding Woman of the 20th Century Award.

She lived in Berkeley, California.

References

"Joyce Carol Thomas".Tennessee Authors. The University of Tennessee. Archived 2011-01-16. Retrieved 2013-11-24.

Other websites
 
Write TV Public Television Interview with Joyce Carol Thomas 

1938 births
2016 deaths
Writers from Oklahoma
Children's writers
African American writers
American poets
Procyon (α CMi, α Canis Minoris, Alpha Canis Minoris) is the brightest star in the constellation Canis Minor. To the naked eye, it appears to be a single star, the eighth brightest in the night sky with a visual apparent magnitude of 0.34.

It is actually a binary star system of a white main-sequence star of spectral type F5 IV–V, named Procyon A, and a faint white dwarf companion of spectral type DQZ, named Procyon B.

The reason for its brightness is not its intrinsic luminosity but its relative closeness to the Sun. Its distance was worked out by the European Space Agency Hipparcos astrometry satellite. It is just  away, and is one of our nearest stellar neighbours. Its closest neighbour is Luyten's Star, about  away.

Procyon forms one of the three vertices of the Winter Triangle, along with Sirius and Betelgeuse. Its colour index is 0.42, and its hue has been described as having a faint yellow tinge to it.

References 

Binary stars
Lovesexy is the tenth studio album by Prince. It was released on May 10, 1988. Three singles were released from the album. In July 1988 Prince started the Lovesexy Tour to promote the album. Prince is naked on the cover of the album. Some stores would not sell the album because of this and if they did they would cover it up in a black sleeve. The album went straight to number one in the UK.

1988 albums
Funk albums
Prince (musician)
R&B albums
Steven Randall "Randy" Jackson (born October 29, 1961) is an American musician. He was a member of The Jacksons. He was born to Joe and Katherine Jackson at St Mary's Mercy Hospital in Gary, Indiana. He was three when The Jacksons started. As he was so young, he was not a member when they formed. In 1971 he performed live with his brothers for the first time. He did not become a member of the group until the mid seventies. His first album with The Jacksons, The Jacksons, was released in 1976. The Jacksons released five more studio albums with Randy as a member. The band have sold 150 million records.

Personal life
Jackson has two children with his ex-girlfriend Alejandra Oaziaza, Genevieve Katherine (b. 1989) and Steven Randall, Jr. (born 1991). He also has one daughter, Steveanna (b. 1990) with his ex-wife Eliza Shaffy.

References

1961 births
African-American singers
Living people
Jackson family
Singers from Indiana
Musicians from Gary, Indiana