Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The Gillette Stadium is a stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts. It is the home stadium of NFL team New England Patriots and MLS team New England Revolution.

Other websites
Official Site

2000s establishments in Massachusetts
2002 establishments in the United States
National Football League venues
Football stadiums in the United States
Soccer stadiums in the United States
Buildings and structures in Massachusetts
New England Patriots
SpongeBob SquarePants: Battle for Bikini Bottom is a 2003 platformer video game based on the acclaimed animated TV show SpongeBob SquarePants.

Gameplay
The game lets you play as either SpongeBob, Patrick or Sandy. SpongeBob can switch places with either Patrick or Sandy in the levels. They have to collect Patrick's socks, shiny objects and Golden Spatulas to progress through the game.

Plot
Plankton has made a robot army.

Reception
The game had mixed to positive reviews but became a cult classic among speedrunners.

2003 video games
Nintendo GameCube games
PlayStation 2 games
SpongeBob SquarePants
Xbox games
Action-adventure games
Legacy of Kain: Defiance is a 2003 platform/action game released for various platforms. It is the fifth entry of the Legacy of Kain franchise.

Gameplay
The player can switch between the material and soul realms as Razel and attack enemies as Kain.

Plot
Kain has reunited with Raziel and knows that the Elder God is evil.

Development
The game was made after the success after Soul Reaver 2 and Blood Omen 2.

Reception
The game had great reviews but didn't sell well.

2003 video games
PlayStation 2 games
Windows games
Xbox games
Thomas and the Magic Railroad is a 2000 British-American live-action/animated fantasy adventure movie based on Thomas the Tank Engine and Shining Time Station. The Fat Controller is on holiday while Thomas the Tank Engine and his friends were working hard .

Cast
Peter Fonda as Mr. Stone
Alec Baldwin as Mr. Conductor
Mara Wilson as Lily Stone
Edward Glen as the voice of Thomas the Tank Engine

Production
By 2020, a workprint of the movie has been released including narration done by Mara Wilson instead of Alec Baldwin.

Reception
The movie got mixed to negative reviews, including from British reviewers.

2000 animated movies
2000 adventure movies
2000 fantasy movies
American adventure movies
American animated movies
2000s American fantasy movies
British adventure movies
British animated movies
British fantasy movies
Crossover movies
2000s English-language movies
Thomas and Friends movies
Turtles Forever is a 2009 television movie based on the TMNT franchise. It is a crossover between the 1984 comics, 1987 cartoon and 2003 cartoon.

Production
The 4Kids crew weren't able to get the voice cast of the 1987 show involved due to that the show was recorded in Los Angeles instead of New York.

Voice cast
 Jason Griffith as 1984 Leonardo
 Dan Green as 1987 Leonardo
 Michael Sinterniklaas as 2003 Leonardo
 Sean Schemmel as 1984 Raphael
 Sebastian Arcelus as 1987 Raphael

2009 animated movies
2000s television movies
Animated Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles movies
Superhero crossover movies
American animated movies
American television movies
Scary Movie 2 is an American comedy movie. It is a parody of horror movies. It is directed by Keenan Ivory Wayans. It stars Anna Faris Regina Hall, Marlon Wayans and Shawn Wayans. It was released to mixed reviews on July 7, 2001.

Production
Marlon Brando was going to have a role but he wouldn't make it due to his declining health.

Other websites 

2001 comedy movies
2000s parody movies
American comedy movies
American parody movies
Buena Vista International movies
English-language movies
Marcus Terentius Varro Reatinus (116 – 27 BC) was a Roman writer. He wrote many books, but only one work survives completely - Three books on Agriculture.  In this work, he describes farming in Roman times. 

Scholars say this book has a little microbiology and epidemiology. Varro warned his contemporaries to stay away from swamps and marshes: 

...there are bred certain minute creatures which cannot be seen by the eyes, but which float in the air and enter the body through the mouth and nose and cause serious diseases.

References

110s BC births
20s BC deaths
Ancient Roman writers
Cassie Cage is a fictional character in the Mortal Kombat games for video game consoles. She is the daughter of Johnny Cage and Sonya Blade.

Portrayals
She was portrayed in games by Ashley Burch and Erica Lindbeck.

Reception
Cassie has been well-liked for her appealing personality and gameplay.

Fictional American people
Fictional characters introduced in 2015
Mortal Kombat characters
Vipassanā (Pāli) or vipaśyanā (Sanskrit) is a Buddhist word that is usually translated as "insight". It is a form of meditation which aims to have "insight into the true nature of reality."

References 

Buddhist terminology
Ananke means personification of fate in Greek mythology.

References 

Greek mythology
A general election was held on 9 April 1992 to elect all 651 members to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The Conservative Party won the election, winning 336 seats, and John Major stayed as Prime Minister. Many people thought that the Labour Party would win the election because opinion polls had shown them to be ahead.

Notes

References

1992 elections
United Kingdom general elections
A general election was held on 11 June 1987 to elect all 650 members to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The Conservative Party won the election, winning 376 seats, and Margaret Thatcher stayed as Prime Minister for the third election in a row. The Labour Party won 20 more seats than the last election, mostly from the Conservatives.

Sources

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1987 in Europe
1980s elections in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom general elections
June events
A general election was held on 9 June 1983 to elect all 650 members to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The Conservative Party won by the largest majority since Labour in the 1945 general election. It meant that Margaret Thatcher stayed as Prime Minister.

Notes

References

1983 in the United Kingdom
1980s elections in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom general elections
Year 1400 (MCD) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. The year 1400 wasn't a leap year in the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.

Events

January–December
January – Henry IV of England stops the Epiphany Rising and kills the Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury and the Baron le Despencer, because they tried to have Richard II made as king.
 February – Henry Percy (Hotspur) leads English army into Scotland.
 February 14 – Richard II of England dies in Pontefract Castle but we don't know what killed him. King Henry IV might have ordered people to starve him to death.
 March 23 – Five-year-old Trần Thiếu Đế is forced to stop being the ruler of Đại Việt (modern-day Vietnam) and give the throne to his maternal grandfather Hồ Quý Ly. This was the end of the Trần Dynasty after 175 years and the start of the Hồ Dynasty. Hồ Quý Ly changes the country's name to Đại Ngu.
 May – Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg tries to take over from Wenceslaus, King of the Romans. However, Frederick is murdered shortly after.
 August
 The English capture the city of Edinburgh in Scotland but do not capture Edinburgh Castle.
The princes of the German states vote that Wenceslaus is not King of the Romans because he did a bad job as king and because of his mental illnesses.
 August 21 – Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine, is elected as King of the Romans.
 September 16 – Owain Glyndŵr is made Prince of Wales by the Welsh, and he starts attacking English castles in north-east Wales.
 November – Sack of Aleppo (1400) during Timur's conquest of Syria.
 December – Manuel II Palaiologos becomes the only Byzantine Emperor ever to visit England.
Timur wins against the Ottoman Empire and the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. Timur captures the city of Damascus what is today Syria. Timur's army kills many of the city's people.
 Timur conquers the Empire of the Black Sheep Turkomans, in present-day Azerbaijan, and the Jalayirid Dynasty in present-day Iraq. Black Sheep ruler Qara Yusuf and Jalayirid Sultan Ahmad run away and go to live with the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I.
 King Jeongjong of Joseon stops being king because he is afraid his younger brother, Taejong, will attack him. Taejong becomes king.
 Prince Parameswara starts the Malacca Sultanate, in what is western Malaysia and northern Sumatra today.
 Hananchi succeeds Min as King of Hokuzan in what is Okinawa, Japan today.
 Wallachia (modern-day southern Romania) stops the Ottomans from invading.
 A Wallachian army captures Iuga, and makes Alexandru cel Bun the Prince of Moldavia.
 The Kingdom of Kongo begins.
 The Haast's eagle and Moa are both made extinct by Māori hunters.
The Mississippian culture starts to decline.
 Europe is reported to have around 52 million inhabitants.
 The House of Medici becomes powerful in Florence.
 Newcastle upon Tyne is created a county corporate by Henry IV of England.
 Jean Froissart completes his Chronicles, detailing the events of the 14th Century in France.
Births 

 January 13 – Infante John of Portugal, the Constable (d. 1442)
 May 19 – John Stourton, 1st Baron Stourton, English baron (d. 1462)
 July 26 – Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester, English noble (d. 1439)
 December 25 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1487)
 date unknown
 James Tuchet, 5th Baron Audley (d. 1459)
 Luca della Robbia, Florentine sculptor (d. 1482)
 Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine (d. 1453).
 Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, English politician (d. 1460)
 Owen Tudor, Welsh courtier (d. 1461)
 Rogier van der Weyden, Dutch painter (or 1399)
 Hans Multscher, German painter and sculptor (d. 1467)
 Helene Kottanner, Hungarian writer and courtier (d. after 1470)
 probable – Marina Nani, Venetian dogaressa (d. 1473)
 probable – Giovanna Dandolo, Venetian dogaressa (d. after 1462)

Deaths 
Richard II of England

Geoffrey Chaucer
January 7
 Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey, English politician (executed) (b. 1374)
 John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, English earl (executed) (b. 1350)
 January 13 – Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester, English politician (executed) (b. 1373)
 January 16 – John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, English politician (executed)
 February 14 – King Richard II of England, (probably murdered) (b. 1367)
 April 21 – John Wittlebury, English politician (b. 1333)
 April 23 – Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford, third son of John de Vere (b. 1338)
 April 28 – Baldus de Ubaldis, Italian jurist (b. 1327)
 June 5 – Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, rival King of the Romans
 June 17 – Jan of Jenštejn, Archbishop of Prague (b. 1348)
 October 25 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (b. c. 1343)
 November 8 – Peter of Aragon, Aragonese infante (b. 1398)
 November 20 – Elizabeth of Moravia, Margravine of Meissen (b. 1355)
 November – Tarabya of Ava (b. 1368)
December – Archibald the Grim, Scottish magnate (b. 1328)
 date unknown – Narayana Pandit, Indian mathematician (b. 1340)
Omnisexuality is a sexual orientation. A person who is omnisexual can be attracted to all genders. Gender will usually play a role in the person's attraction. It can be seen as a form of multisexuality, or non-monosexuality.

Omnisexuality can be described as being under the umbrella of bisexuality. It is similar to, but distinctly different  from pansexuality. Omnisexuality is the attraction to all genders, but gender will play a role in that attraction.

References

LGBT variations
The Iberian tree frog or Moller's tree frog (Hyla molleri) is a frog from Europe.  Scientists saw it in Spain, Portugal and France.

References

Frogs of Europe
"My Grandfather's Clock" is a song. Henry Clay Work wrote it in 1876. Henry Clay Work also wrote "Marching Through Georgia". British brass bands and colliery bands play "My Grandfather's Clock". Bluegrass musicians also play it.

The Oxford English Dictionary says the word "grandfather clock" comes from this song. Before that, grandfather clocks were called "longcase clocks". In 1905,  Harry Macdonough and the Haydn Quartet (known then as the "Edison Quartet") made the first recording of this song that people know about.

Storyline 
Henry Clay Work saw a clock in a Piercebridge hotel and thought of the song.

The song is told from a grandchild's point of view. The song is about their grandfather's clock.

The clock is purchased on the morning of the grandfather's birth and works perfectly for 90 years, requiring only that it be wound at the end of each week.
The clock seems to know good and bad things that happen in the grandfather's life: It rings 24 chimes when the grandfather brings his new wife into his house. Near the grandfather's death, it rings an alarm, so the family gathers by his bed.  After the grandfather dies, the clock stops and it never works again.

Sequel 
Work wrote a sequel to the song two years later.  The grandchild is the narrator again. The grandson says he is sad that the clock no longer works.  The clock is sold to a junk dealer, who sells its parts and sells its case for people to burn.  In the grandfather's house, the clock is replaced by a wall clock. The grandchild does not like the wall clock and calls it "that vain, stuck-up thing on the wall". The sequel was never as popular as the original.

Covers and inspirations
"My Grandfather's Clock" was often played in Britain on Children's Favourites. It was recorded by the Radio Revellers. In the United States, a version, without the last stanza of lyrics was recorded on an extended-play 45 rpm vinyl record on the Peter Pan label. (The other song on that side was "The Syncopated Clock", and the other side had "The Arkansas Traveler" and "Red River Valley".) Johnny Cash covered the song on his 1959 album Songs of Our Soil. Evelyn Knight recorded the song for Decca Records. In 1959, it was included on the Four Lads' album, Swing Along. Other versions became popular in other countries, for example, in Japan, singer Ken Hirai performed a cover, which became massively popular in 2002.

In March 1961, on his album Swing Low, Sam Cooke sang the song.

Bing Crosby sang the song in a medley on his album 101 Gang Songs (1961).

The song was the inspiration for the 1963 Twilight Zone episode "Ninety Years Without Slumbering".
The Big 3 recorded the song in their album "Live at the Recording Studio" in 1964

A popular clock toy, marketed by Fisher-Price from 1962 to 1968, had a dial on it that, when turned, caused the music box mechanism in the toy to play the song along with clock-like ticking and moving hands on the face of the clock. A new version of the toy (which is completely made of plastic and has other activities like a clicking plastic mouse on the side) has been manufactured by Fisher-Price since 1994. Other companies have also made imitations of the toy worldwide.

Jon Pertwee recorded a version in 1966 for the children's album Children's Favourites, on the Music for Pleasure record label.

John Fahey recorded a solo guitar version on his 1967 album Days Have Gone By.

Joan Morris recorded it in 1975, on Who Shall Rule This American Nation (Nonesuch), an album of songs by Work.
In 1983, Fred Penner, a Canadian children's entertainer, covered "My Grandfather's Clock" on the LP album Special Delivery, which was later rereleased as Ebenezer Sneezer on CD in 1994.

Red Grammer recorded the song on his 1994 family music recording, Down The Do Re Mi.

The Kenneth Williams character Rambling Syd Rumpo wrote a joke version of this song, "My Grandfather's Grunge", on the BBC radio show Round the Horne. It was written by Barry Took and Marty Feldman.

Garrison Keillor and the cast of the radio show A Prairie Home Companion recorded a parody titled "My Grandmother's Cat", telling the story of an old woman who overfed her cat until it was big enough to knock her down and try to eat her.

"My Grandfather's Clock" is a playable song in the 2008 video game Wii Music.
This song was also used in the video game, Five Nights at Freddy's 2, made by Scott Cawthon. It was released on November 10, 2014. The chorus of the song plays whenever a music box is wound up to keep one of the game's animatronic enemies away.

It was also sung by Maple and Cinnamon in the third volume of Nekopara visual novel series.

Original Lyrics 
The City Green in Union Park of Middletown, Connecticut includes this bust of the author near his birthplace.

My grandfather's clock was too large for the shelf,

So it stood ninety years on the floor;

It was taller by half than the old man himself,

Though it weighed not a pennyweight more.

It was bought on the morn of the day that he was born,

And was always his treasure and pride;

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

When the old man died.

 Ninety years without slumbering  (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 His life seconds numbering, (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 It stopp'd short never to go again when the old man died
In watching its pendulum swing to and fro,

Many hours had he spent while a boy.

And in childhood and manhood the clock seemed to know

And to share both his grief and his joy.

For it struck twenty-four when he entered at the door,

With a blooming and beautiful bride;

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

When the old man died.

 Ninety years without slumbering  (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 His life seconds numbering, (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 It stopp'd short — never to go again —
 When the old man died.

My grandfather said that of those he could hire,

Not a servant so faithful he found;

For it wasted no time, and had but one desire —

At the close of each week to be wound.

And it kept in its place — not a frown upon its face,

And its hands never hung by its side.

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

When the old man died.
Ninety years without slumbering  (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 His life seconds numbering, (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 It stopp'd short never to go again -  when the old man died.

It rang an alarm in the dead of the night —

An alarm that for years had been dumb;

And we knew that his spirit was pluming for flight —

That his hour of departure had come.

Still the clock kept the time, with a soft and muffled chime,

As we silently stood by his side;

But it stopp'd short — never to go again —

When the old man died.

 Ninety years without slumbering  (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 His life seconds numbering, (tick, tick, tick, tick),
 It stopp'd short — never to go again —
 When the old man died.

References 
 Zecher, Henry (October 2005). "How an old floor clock became a grandfather". The Pride of Olney (Lion's Club of Olney, Maryland) 30 (76). Retrieved 12 August 2013. on Henry Zecher's personal website
Other websites 
 https://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/grandfather-clock.html
 https://findhistoryhere.com/history-of-the-grandfather-clock

Children's songs
1870s songs
Maltese Americans are Americans of Maltese descent.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Lithuanian Americans refers to American citizens and residents who are Lithuanian and were born in Lithuania, or are of Lithuanian descent. New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has the largest percentage of Lithuanian Americans (20.8%) in the United States. Lithuanian Americans form by far the largest group within the Lithuanian diaspora.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Antica Dolceria Bonajuto is a chocolate factory founded in Modica in 1880, known as the oldest in Sicily and one of the oldest in Italy.

History 
Francesco Bonajuto founded the current place in 1880 but with the name of Caffè Roma, a socialist inspired meeting place, which became Antica Dolceria Bonajuto in 1992.

Over the years many illustrious people of the chocolate shop have been, among them: writer, journalist and art critic Leonardo Sciascia, his friend and colleague Gesualdo Bufalino, or American Journalists Raymond Walter Apple Jr. of the New York Times and Frederika Randall of the Wall Street Journal.

Awards 
In 1911 Francesco Bonajuto's chocolates won the gold medal at the Turin Universal Exposition (1911) which was organized in conjunction with other national exhibitions such as those in Rome (where Bonajuto was awarded) and Florence.
Bibliography 
 The Bonajuto confectionery. History of the oldest chocolate shop in Sicily, Giovanni Criscione, Palermo, Kalós edizioni d’arte, 2014.
 The wooden biscuit, Raffaele Poidomani, Modica, Bonajuto, 2005.

Related pages 
 Cacao tree
 Cocoa butter

References

Other websites 
 https://www.bonajuto.it/ (official site)

Sicily
The 38th Super Bowl was shown on television as it was happening on February 1, 2004 on CBS. The halftime show of the Super Bowl got controversy when Janet Jackson's breast was revealed by Justin Timberlake to everyone watching the show. This caused a big debate on broadcasting things that people might see as offensive.

MTV was the producer of the halftime show. 143.6 million people watched the halftime show when it first happened. The incident with Jackson and Timberlake made CBS and MTV remove Jackson's songs from its radio and television channels. The Federal Communications Commission gave CBS a fine of US$27,500 for the incident. The fine was made bigger for US$325,000 and then even bigger, for US$550,000. The Third Circuit Court of Appeals removed the fine in 2011. The FCC tried to put another fine on CBS in 2012, but it was rejected.
The incident made Janet Jackson the most searched words ever on the Internet. It also became the most watched event on TiVo and made 35,000 people become new subscribers to TiVo. The term "wardrobe malfunction" (meaning an error related to clothing) was made because of the incident. It was later added to Webster's Dictionary.

References 

38 halftime controversy
Controversies in the United States
2004 in television
Janet Jackson
Justin Timberlake
Abdur Rahman Khan was Emir of Afghanistan from 1880 to 1901. He is known for uniting the country after years of internal fighting and negotiation of the Durand Line Agreement with British India. Abdur Rahman Khan was the first child and only son of Mohammad Afzal Khan, and grandson of Dost Mohammad Khan.

History of Afghanistan
The Blue Whale Challenge, also called Blue Whale game, or simply Blue whale is an internet phenomenon that started in 2016, in Russia. Over a period of 50 days, participants are assigned tasks. Each participant gets one task a day. At first, the tasks are harmless (such as: get up at 4.30am, and watch a horror movie). Later, the tasks require the participants to hurt themselves. The final task requires the player to commit suicide.

When people want to quit, they are threatened. Sometimes, this includes threats to the family of the participant.
The first to report on this was the Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta, in 2016. It  linked many suicides of children. All these children had been members of the group "F57", in the Russian social network called VK. The article claimed there were 130 suicides because of the challenge. The article was later criticized, because it made connections where none existed. None of the suicides were found to be related to the activities of the group. There were several suicides which have been linked to the challenge. So far, no link has been proven.

Notable cases 
Two girls in Irkutslk, aged 14 and 15 years committed suicide together, after solving 50 tasks. They jumped off a building. Another 14 year old threw herself in front of a train.

References 

Suicide
The Way It Is is the debut studio album by American R&B singer Keyshia Cole; it was released on June 21, 2005, by A&M Records. The album debuted at number 6 on the US Billboard 200 and it was supported by five singles, including "Never", "I Changed My Mind", "(I Just Want It) To Be Over", "I Should Have Cheated" and "Love". The album sold 89,000 units in its first week.

The album was certified gold within 17 weeks, and then platinum, only eight weeks later. The album stayed on the charts for over a year, eventually selling over 1.6 million copies and it is Cole's second highest-selling album to date.

Reception

Critical response
Critical response

Upon its release, The Way It is garnered generally favorable reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a rated mean out of 100 from mainstream critics, the album received a score of 77. Andy Kellman of Allmusic rated the album four out of five stars. He felt that "from the opener, the album seems to be set up like a linear narrative about a crumbling relationship, but it doesn't quite play out that way, with the scenes shuffled out of order. None of it's all that profound, but Cole sells it all extremely well. [Her] voice is sweet and ringing, like a wiser version of Lil' Mo who has had to weather a tremendous amount of drama. She could be around for a while." Janet Tzou, writing for Entertainment Weekly found that "Cole certainly nails all the basics on The Way It Is: big-name guest talent and husky ballads lamenting those tricky matters of the heart. But Cole's native Oakland, California upbringing gives her vocals depth and her songs a genuine, lived-in feel."
Track listing

Notes
  signifies a vocal producer
  signifies an additional producer

Sampling credits
 "I Changed My Mind" contains an sample from "Get Out of My Life", written by Allen Toussaint and performed by Solomon Burke.
 "Love, I Thought You Had My Back" contains elements from "Loves Jones", written by Randolph Murph, Ralph Eskridge, and Clarence Johnson from Brighter Side of Darkness.
 "You've Changed" contains elements from "Sounds Like a Love Song", performed by Bobby Glenn.
 "Never" contains sampled portions from "Never Too Much", written and performed by Luther Vandross.
Personnel
 Charlie Bisharat – violin
 Jacqueline Brand – violin
 Roberto Cani  – violin
 Nico Carmine Abondolo – bass
 Mario de Leon – violin
 Brian Dembow – viola
 Joel Derouin – violin
 Bruce Dukov – violin
 Stephen Erdody – cello
 Steve Erody – cello
 Marlo Fisher – viola
 Matt Funes – viola
 Armen Garabedian – violin
 Berj Garabedian – violin
 Julie Gigante – violin
 Endre Granat – violin
 Alan Grunfield – violin
 Clayton Haslop – violin
 Dan Higgins – flute, horn
 Josephina Vergara – violin
 David F. Walther – viola
 Jerry Hey – horn
 Suzie Katayama – cello
 Songa Lee – violin
 Natalie Leggett – violin
 Gayle Levant – harp
 Phillipe Levy – violin
 David Low – cello
 Rene Mandel – violin
 Darrin McCann – viola
 Vicki Miskolczy – viola
 Robin Olson – violin
 Simon Oswell – viola
 Sid Page – violin
 Sara Parkins – violin
 Joel Peskin – horn
 Katia Popov – violin
 Steve Rodriguez – bass guitar
 Anatoly Rosinsky – violin
 Sarah Thornblade – violin
 Kenneth Yerks – violin
 Raj Ertui – clarinet
Production
 Executive producers: Keyshia Cole, Ron Fair
 Producer: Tal Herzberg, Loren Hill, Sean Garrett, Diesel, Daron Jones, Kerry "Krucial" Brothers, John Legend, Chink Santana, Rich Shelton, Kevin Veney, Kanye West
 Vocal producer: Keyshia Cole, Ron Fair, Sean Garrett, Alicia Keys
 Engineers: Shannon Braxton, Tal Herzberg, Jun Ishizeki, Anthony Kilhoffer, Ann Mincieli
 Assistant engineers: J.D. Andrew, Jun Ishizeki
 Mixing: Ron Fair, Dave Pensado
 Mixing assistance: Ariel Chobaz
 A&R: Justin Siegel destiny
 Design: Jason Clark, Michelle Thomas
 Photography: Chapman Baehler
 Co-Songwriter: Tim "Timbaland" Mosley

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Release history

References

Other websites
The Way It Is  at Metacritic

2005 albums
The Arecibo Telescope is now destroyed by a collapse.

The radio telescope was a  spherical reflector dish built into a natural sinkhole at the Arecibo Observatory which was completed in November 1963. 

For more than 50 years, the Arecibo Telescope was the world's largest single-aperture telescope. In July 2016 the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) in China was put into service.

On 19 November 2020, the National Science Foundation announced that they would close and dismantle the telescope. On 1 December 2020, the telescope collapsed.

References

Telescopes
Puerto Rico
Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is a COVID-19 vaccine, developed by BioNTech, Pfizer and Fosun Pharmaceutical.

The vaccine is given by injection. It is an RNA vaccine made of nucleoside-modified mRNA which is meant to create spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.

References

COVID-19 pandemic
Mony Elkaïm (7 November 1941 – 20 November 2020) was a Moroccan-Belgian psychiatrist and psychotherapist. He was a part of the anti-psychiatry movement in the 1970s. He was born in Marrakesh, French Morocco.

Elkaïm died on 20 November 2020 in Brussels at the age of 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Moroccan scientists
Belgian scientists
People from Marrakesh
Bonifácio Piccinini (13 May 1929 – 28 November 2020) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishop. He became a priest in 1960. He was titular archbishop of Turres in Byzacena and as coadjutor archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuiabá Brazil, from 1975 to 1981 and as archbishop of the archdiocese from 1981 to 2004.

Piccinini died on 28 November 2020 at the age of 91.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishops
Margaret L. "Peg" Murray (February 14, 1924 – November 29, 2020) was an American actress. She was born in Denver, Colorado. She won a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical for her performance as the villain "Fräulein Kost" in the original Broadway production of Cabaret (1966). 

Murray died on November 29, 2020 in Southold, New York at the age of 96.

References

Tony Award winning actors
1924 births
2020 deaths
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Denver
Actors from New York City
The Town of Southold is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 21,968 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York (state)
Southold is a census-designated place (CDP) that is in the Town of Southold in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The CDP population was 5,748 at the 2010 census.

References

Census-designated places in New York (state)
Ali-Asghar Shahbazi (; November 1922 – 29 November 2020) was an Iranian actor. He was born in Tehran. He was known for his role as Nader's father in the 2011 drama A Separation.

Shahbazi died on 29 November 2020 in Tehran from cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 98.

References

Other websites

1922 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiopulmonary arrest
Actors from Tehran
Liliane Juchli (19 October 1933 – 30 November 2020) was a Swiss nurse and writer. She was a member of the Merciful Sisters of the Holy Cross. She was the main author of an important German-language nursing textbook which was called "the Juchli". She was born in Obersiggenthal, Switzerland.

Juchli died in Bern, Switzerland from COVID-19 on 30 November 2020 at the age of 87.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland
Swiss writers
Nurses
People from Aargau
Roger Chappot (17 October 1940 – 7 April 2020) was a Swiss professional ice hockey player. He played for HC Villars and Genève-Servette HC in the National League A.  He also represented the Swiss national team at the 1964 Winter Olympics.

Chappot died from COVID-19 during the pandemic on 8 April 2020 at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Swiss Olympians
Swiss ice hockey players
People from Valais
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland
Aleksandr Shatskikh (21 January 1974 – 30 November 2020) was a Kazakh footballer. He played as a striker. He was born in Taldıqorğan, Kazakhstan. His career lasted from 1990 to 2009.

Shatskikh played club football for Zhetysu / Taldykorgan, Qaynar, Chkalovets, Astana Aqmola / Zhenis Astana, Irtysh Pavlodar, CSKA-Qayrat Almaty, Esil Bogatyr, Megasport and Lokomotiv Astana.

He appeared once for the Kazakhstan national team in 2003.

Shatskikh died on 30 November 2020, aged 46.

References

1974 births
2020 deaths
Kazakhstani sportspeople
Anne Sylvestre (, born Anne-Marie Beugras 20 June 1934 – 30 November 2020) was a French singer-songwriter and guitarist. She was born in Lyon, France. She was known for her children's songs such as "Fabulettes" (1962). She also appeared many times as a musical guest on the television program Discorama.

Sylvestre died in Paris on 30 November 2020 from problems caused by a stroke, aged 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
French singers
French songwriters
French guitarists
People from Lyon
Dennis William Siahou Sciama,  (; 18 November 1926 – 18/19 December 1999) was a British physicist. He was an important scientist for the development of British physics after the Second World War. 

He was the PhD supervisor to many famous cosmologists, including Stephen Hawking, Martin Rees and David Deutsch. He is seen as one of the fathers of modern cosmology.

References

1926 births
1999 deaths
British physicists
People from Manchester
People from Oxford
Jane Beryl Wilde Hawking Jones (born 29 March 1944) is an English author and teacher. She was married for 30 years to Stephen Hawking. She was born in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England. In 1999 she wrote an autobiography about her first marriage, Music to Move the Stars: A Life with Stephen.

Hawking was played by Felicity Jones in the 2014 movie The Theory of Everything.

Written works
  At Home In France: Guide to Buying and Renovating Property In France Allegro Publications 1994 
  Music to Move the Stars: A Life with Stephen Macmillan Publishers, London 1999 
 Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen Alma Books 2007

References

1944 births
Living people
British teachers
Writers from Hertfordshire
British autobiographers
Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov (; ; 17 October 1919 – 9 January 2021) was a Soviet-born physicist. He was known for his role in developing the BKL conjecture in general relativity. Khalatnikov was born in Dnipro, Ukraine.

Khalatnikov directed the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics in Moscow from 1965 to 1992. He was elected to the Soviet Academy of Sciences in 1984. In 1994, he became a fellow at the Royal Society.

Khalatnikov died in Chernogolovka, Russia on 9 January 2021, aged 101.

References

1919 births
2021 deaths
Ukrainian scientists
Russian physicists
Russian centenarians
Soviet scientists
The Supreme Court (initialism: UKSC or the acronym: SCOTUK) is the final court of appeal in the United Kingdom for civil cases, and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland. 

It hears cases of the greatest public or constitutional importance.

Current Justices

References

2009 establishments in the United Kingdom
Politics of the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Luciano Guerzoni (1 April 1938 – 1 December 2020) was an Italian Communist politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies three times representing Parma for his first two terms from 1983 to 1992, and Mirandola in his final term from 1994 to 1996. Guerzoni was born in Naples, Italy.

Guerzoni died on 1 December 2020 in Modena, Italy at the age of 82.

References

1938 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Naples
Brian Francis Kerr, Baron Kerr of Tonaghmore,  (; 22 February 1948 – 1 December 2020) was a British politician and lawyer. 

He was Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland and then as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2009 until his retirement in 2020. Until his retirement, Kerr was the longest serving Supreme Court Justice, and the last original member of the Court.

Kerr died on 1 December 2020 at the age of 72.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
British judges
County Armagh
Mohammad Maleki (; 11 July 1933 – 1 December 2020) was an Iranian academic and pro-democracy nationalist-religious activist. He was president of the University of Tehran for a short time in 1979.

Maleki died of cancer and diabetes in Tehran on 1 December 2020 at the age of 87.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Iranian academics
Iranian activists
Erlend Rian (15 June 1941 – 1 December 2020) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Conservative Party. He was editor-in-chief of the newspaper Tromsø from 1974 to 1979. He was mayor of Tromsø City from 1980 to 1995.

Rian died on 1 December 2020 in Tromsø at the age of 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Norwegian journalists
Norwegian mayors
Editors
Tromsø
Henri Antoine Marie Teissier (21 July 1929 – 1 December 2020) was a French-Algerian Catholic prelate. He was the  Bishop of Algiers and Archbishop Emeritus of Algiers from 1998 to 2008. He was born in Lyon, France.

Teissier died on 1 December 2020 at a hospital in Lyon from problems caused by multiple strokes at the age of 91.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
People from Lyon
People from Algiers
French Roman Catholics
Roman Catholic bishops
Roman Catholic archbishops
Deaths from stroke
Moreirense Futebol Clube is a Portuguese professional football club based in Moreira de Cónegos, Guimarães Municipality, in Minho. It was founded on 1 November 1938 and it plays in the Primeira Liga.

Other websites
Official website 
Zerozero team profile

20th-century establishments in Portugal
1938 establishments in Europe
Portuguese football clubs
Braga District
Mohamed Abarhoun (3 May 1989 2 December 2020) was a Moroccan professional footballer. He played as a defender.

Abarhoun joined Portguese Primeira Liga club Moreirense in 2017.  After two seasons he joined Turkish club Çaykur Rizespor.

Abarhoun played nine games for the Morocco U20 team and eight for the Morocco U23 team, including three at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He made his senior international debut in 2013, earning 7 international caps.

In February 2020, Abarhoun was diagnosed with stomach cancer. He died from the disease on 2 December 2020 in Istanbul, aged 31.

References

1989 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Turkey
Deaths from stomach cancer
Moroccan footballers
Hasna Begum (February 24, 1935 – December 1, 2020) was a Bangladeshi philosopher and feminist. She was a professor of philosophy at the University of Dhaka until her retirement in December 2000. Begum was born in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Begum was chair of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Dhaka from 1991 to 1994 and was appointed to the University Grants Commission (UGC) of Bangladesh's Rokeya Chair in 2010. 

She was a board member of the International Association of Bioethics (IAB) from 1997 to 2005. She was a member of the editorial board of Bioethics.

Begum died at a Dhaka hospital on December 1, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 85.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
Bangladeshi writers
Philosophers
Editors
Feminist writers
Academics of the University of Dhaka
Boris Grigoryevich Plotnikov (; 2 April 1949 – 2 December 2020) was a Soviet and Russian actor. His career began in 1970 and he retired in 2019. Plotnikov appeared in more than seventy movies and television series. He was born in Nevyansk, Soviet Union.

His best known roles were as Sotnikov in the 1977 drama movie The Ascent, as Nikolai in the 1988 crime movie The Cold Summer of 1953 and as Ivan in the 1988 science fiction television movie Heart of a Dog.

Plotnikov died on 2 December 2020 in Moscow from COVID-19 at the age of 71.

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Soviet movie actors
Soviet television actors
Russian movie actors
Russian television actors
Russian stage actors
Defection is when a person leaves their home country in a way the home country claims to be illegal. To the first country, they can be seen as traitors.
It is a political label used by authoritarian countries.

More broadly, it involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie. The tie may be one of allegiance or of duty.

An example of this today are North Koreans who escape the country to live in a new country, such as South Korea or the United States. The North Korean government makes leaving the country without permission illegal, and punishments for this are extremely harsh. Escapees who are caught usually get sent to a prison camp or are publicly put to death. There have been around 33,000 defectors from North Korea since the North Korean famine.

References 

Politics by issue
Dolichostyrax longipes is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1913 and is known from Borneo.

References

Cerambycidae
Bullseye is the mascot of Target Corporation. It is a Bull Terrier that is used for Target's advertising and marketing starting in 1999. The dog has the Target logo on its left eye. The makeup used for the logo is natural and non-toxic. 

There have been many Bull Terriers that have had the role of Bullseye. Only one dog works as Bullseye at a time until another one can get the role. Bullseye lives on a ranch next to Los Angeles. Its owner is dog trainer David McMillan. In 2004, Target asked the artist Amy Brazil to make a painting of Bullseye. Brazil made an 8 ft by 8 ft portrait of Bullseye. The portrait is now in Target's headquarters in Minnesota.

References

Target Corporation
Mascots
Dogs
Sabrina Ferilli (born 28 June 1964) is an Italian actress. She played Ramona in the 2013 movie The Great Beauty.

References

Other websites
 

1964 births
Living people
Actors from Rome
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
Italian voice actors
Hyla orientalis (also known as the oriental tree frog, eastern tree frog, Caucasian tree frog or Shelkovnikov's tree frog) is a frog from both Europe and Asia.  Scientists saw it in Turkey, Romania, Poland, Ukraine, Georgia, Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan and Armenia.  It may also live in Greece.

Scientists used to think this frog was part of Hyla arborea but they do not think so now.

References

Frogs of Asia
Frogs of Europe
A dewberry (Rubus caesius) is a type of berry. It is similar to a blackberry. Dewberries are very dark blue.

Rubus
A camera flash, sometimes called a strobe or just a flash, is a device used in photography to allow pictures to be taken of dark areas by producing a flash of very bright light.

Flashes are often built into cameras, but external flashes are available and are mostly used by professional photographers, they can be mounted directly to the camera, or used 'off-camera' on a special stand or tripod.

Flashes were first used in the late 1800's in the form of a stick with magnesium on the top that when burned would produce very bright light (the stick was held in the air, and the camera shutter released at the same time), later camera flashes used a special type of light bulb known as a flashbulb, and modern flashes use LED's or a special type of tube which emits a flash of mostly blue light when electricity is applied to it from the flash capacitor (known as a xenon flashtube).

The use of a flash to take photographs is mostly known as 'flash photography'
The use of flashes is not allowed in some places where it may be annoying to other people or where the bright light could damage rare or very old objects (like paintings) such as in a museum.

Photography
Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut is a 2006 director's cut of Superman II.

Cast
 Gene Hackman as Lex Luthor
 Christopher Reeve as Clark Kent / Superman
 Marlon Brando as Jor-El
 Ned Betty as Otis
 Jackie Cooper as Perry White
 Sarah Douglas as Ursa
 Margot Kidder as Lois Lane
 Jack O'Halloran as Non
 Marc McClure as Jimmy Olsen
 Terence Stamp as General Zod

Reception
Many people considered it better than the 1980 theatrical release.

2006 movies
2000s superhero movies
Alternate versions of movies
Superman movies
British movies
Warner Bros. movies
Scrat: Spaced Out is a 2019 American computer animated comedy slapstick short film directed by Mike Thurmeier and Galen T. Chu. The short is a spin-off of the Ice Age franchise and focuses on Scrat. This is the third Scrat short film and it's set right after the events of Collision Course.

Plot
Right after the events of Collision Course, Scrat is ready to come back to Earth but he's kidnapped by alien female anthropomorphic sabertooth squirrels named Scratazons. 

The Scratazons tries to kill him but they ultimately fails, however they steals his acorn but luckily Scrat gets it back with the attraction ray. 

There's a battle between Scrat and the Scratazons leader with the attraction rays which ends with the explosion of the Scratazons ship and causes a black hole which swallows all of them except Scrat and the Scratazons leader.
Scrat initially loses the run against Scratazon for the acorn but he successfully uses the toilet to arrive to the acorn and he knock Scratazon away causing her to be swallowed by the black hole as well.

Scrat and his acorn are then swallowed as well but they are spitten out. Scrat is happy that he finally has his acorn but the black hole reopens and swallows the acorn, much to Scrat's horror and dismay. 

Scrat then screams in frustration while he floats in the space.

Cast
 Chris Wedge as Scrat
 Karen Disher as Scratazon Leader / Scratazons guards
 Neil deGrasse Tyson: narrator

Possible sequel
It's currently unknown if there will be another Scrat short but since the character is very popular it's most likely there will be at least another one. If there will be a new short film it will probably not be a direct continuation of this short as the shorts follows the "no-continuity" rule of the Wile E. Coyote and Road Runner episodes.

2019 movies
Spider-Man: Friend or Foe is a 2007 action-adventure beat 'em up video game based on the Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man. The game borrows characters and designs from Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy, with a plot that is non-canon to the films. The game was released for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 2, Wii, Xbox 360, and PlayStation Portable in October 2007. The game was also going to be released on the PlayStation 3, but was canceled.

Gameplay
Players team up with famous heroes from the Marvel Universe to combat villains in epic boss battles, whom they then convert into sidekick allies to aid them for the rest of their journey.

2007 video games
Nintendo DS games
Wii games
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation Portable games
Windows games
Spider-Man video games
Spider-Man: Web of Shadows is a 2008 action-adventure video game based on the fictional superhero Spider-Man. The game was released in October 2008 across multiple platforms, and encompasses three drastically different versions: one released for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360, which features an open world and non-linear gameplay; one for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable (called Spider-Man: Web of Shadows - Amazing Allies Edition), which is a 2.5D side-scrolling beat 'em up; and one for the Nintendo DS, which is also a linear beat 'em up, but features a different storyline and aspects of the Metroidvania genre.

Gameplay
Venom has launched a full-scale symbiote invasion of Manhattan, forcing Spider-Man to join forces with a number of unlikely allies in order to stop him, while being faced with difficult choices that could change his life forever.
2008 video games
Nintendo DS games
Wii games
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation Portable games
Windows games
Spider-Man video games
Ambiamory is the capability of experiencing and enjoying monogamous and polyamorous relationships.

References

Relationships
Romance is a 1930 American drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and is the second version of the 1913 play of the same name by Edward Sheldon. It stars Greta Garbo, Lewis Stone, Gavin Gordon, Elliott Nugent, Florence Lake, Clara Blandick and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1930.

Other websites
 
 
 

1930 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
Movies based on plays
MGM movies
Movies directed by Clarence Brown
The Divorcee is a 1930 American drama movie directed by Robert Z. Leonard and was based on the 1929 novel Ex-Wife by Ursula Parrott. It stars Norma Shearer, Chester Morris, Conrad Nagel, Robert Montgomery, Florence Eldridge, Helene Millard, Mary Doran and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 4 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1930.

Other websites

1930 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Robert Z. Leonard
Movies about divorce