Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
A ripoff happens when  something  is very overpriced (overcharged). Ripoff affects senior citizens, women, youth and minorities more than others. This is also known as a knockoff. Numerous example is the 1988 movie Mac and Me, widely seen as a ripoff of Steven Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.[citation needed] Another good example of a ripoff is Genshin Impact, which is widely seen as a ripoff of The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, others are animated rip-offs of numerous TV shows like the English-dubbed Bob Boyle and Cam Clarke's Nutri Ventures in 2013 and Kid Cosmic in 2021, is as a double ripoff of original The Powerpuff Girls and Coconut Fred is a rip-off of SpongeBob SquarePants.

References

Commerce
Marketing
Giorgio Morandi (July 20, 1890 – June 18, 1964) was an Italian painter and printmaker who specialized in still life. His paintings are noted for their tonal subtlety in depicting apparently simple subjects, which were limited mainly to vases, bottles, bowls, flowers and landscapes.

Related pages
 List of Italian painters

1890 births
1964 deaths
Italian painters
Italian artists
People from Bologna
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Italy
Yell County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,263. The county seats are Dardanelle and Danville. It was founded on December 5, 1840.

References 

1840 establishments in Arkansas
Arkansas counties
Kenai Peninsula Borough is a borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,799. The borough seat is Soldotna.

References 

Alaska boroughs
Ouachita County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,650. The county seat is Camden. It was founded on November 29, 1842 and is named for the Ouachita River.

References 

1842 establishments in Arkansas
Arkansas counties
Tecknau is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Sissach
Arboldswil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Waldenburg
Rümlingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Sissach
Open Season: Scared Silly! (also called Open Season 4: Scared Silly) is a 2015 American computer-animated Halloween comedy movie, produced by Sony Pictures Animation, with animation provided by Rainmaker Entertainment. It is the fourth installment in the Open Season movie series, following Open Season (2006), Open Season 2 (2008), and Open Season 3 (2010).

It had a mixed reaction from audience: while they praised it for its humor, musical score and for bringing back Shaw others criticized it for its animation, some gross out jokes and for ignoring the events of the third film.
Cast
 Donny Lucas as Boog
 Will Townsend as Elliot / Mr. Weenie
 Melissa Sturm as Giselle 
 Trevor Devall as Shaw / The Wailing Wampus Werewolf / Deputy #1
 Brian Drummond as Ian / Reilly / Tree-Hugger Man
 Kathleen Barr as Edna / Bobbie / Tree-Hugger Lady
 Garry Chalk as Ed
 Lee Tockar as Buddy / McSquizzy / Deputy #2
 Shannon Chan-Kent as Rosie / Marcia
 Michelle Murdocca as Maria  
 Lorne Cardinal as Sheriff Gordy
 Peter Kelamis as Serge

Production
Open Season: Scared Silly was first announced on June 11, 2015. The first trailer was released on November 1, 2015.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 

2015 movies
American movies
2010s comedy movies
2010s sequel movies
American buddy movies
American sequel movies
Open Season (franchise)
Roxas City is a city in the Philippines. It is the capital of Capiz province. In 2015, the city had 167,003 people. It is the second most important city in the island of Panay. The most important is Iloilo City. It is named after a former president of the Philippines and is known for its seafood and a statue of Jesus.

References

Cities in the Philippines
Ennio Fantastichini (20 February 1955 – 1 December 2018) was an Italian actor. He was born in Gallese, Italy. His first role was in Open Doors. In 2010, for his performance in Ferzan Özpetek's Loose Cannons, he won a David di Donatello for best supporting actor.

Fantastichini died of leukemia in Naples on 1 December 2018, aged 63.

References

Other websites

1955 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
Cancer deaths in Italy
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
Lizzie Andrew Borden (July 19, 1860 – June 1, 1927) was an American woman who was known as the main suspect in the August 4, 1892, axe murders of her father and stepmother in Fall River, Massachusetts. Borden was tried and acquitted of the murders.

Despite being proven innocent, many believed she committed the murders and has become the subject of folklore.

References

Other websites
 The Lizzie Andrew Borden Virtual Museum & Library
 Tattered Fabric: Fall River's Lizzie Borden
 The Fall River Tragedy: A History of the Borden Murders  (1893), full text detailing crimes
 Lizzie Borden Moot Court, with tribunal made up of U.S. Supreme Court justices and Stanford University Law School professors. September 16, 1997

1860 births
1927 deaths
People from Massachusetts
Menahem Degani (18 August 1927 – 23 November 2018) was an Israeli basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament for the Israel's national team at the 1952 Summer Olympics. 

Degani was born in Tel Aviv and died in Tel Aviv at the age of 91.

References

1927 births
2018 deaths
Israeli basketball players
Sportspeople  from Tel Aviv
Thomas Wright Thornburg King (January 11, 1923 – November 25, 2018), better known as Wright King,  was an American actor. He was born in Okmulgee, Oklahoma. His career lasted from 1949 until his retirement in 1987. He was known for his roles in A Streetcar Named Desire, Stagecoach to Fury and in Planet of the Apes.

King died on November 25, 2018 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 95.

References

Other websites

1923 births
2018 deaths
American military personnel of World War II
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Oklahoma
Ruth Inez Haring (also known as Ruth Orton; January 23, 1955 – November 29, 2018) was an American chess player and Woman International Master. Born in Maine, she competed in the United States Women's Championship in the 1970s and 1980s, and represented the country in the 1974, 1976, 1978, 1980, and 1982 Chess Olympiads. She was President of the United States Chess Federation from 2011 to 2016.

Haring died on November 29, 2018 in Chico, California at the age of 63.

References

Other websites

1955 births
2018 deaths
American chess players
People from Maine
Anwar Hossain (6 October 1948 – 1 December 2018) was a Bangladeshi photographer and cinematographer.

Biography 
He was born in Dhaka, East Pakistan. He won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Cinematography a record five times for the movies Sundori (1979), Emiler Goenda Bahini (1980), Puraskar (1983), Anya Jibon (1995) and Lalsalu (2003).

Hossain died on 1 December 2018 at his hotel room in Dhaka from a heart attack at the age of 70.

References

1948 births
2018 deaths
Cinematographers
Bangladeshi photographers
People from Dhaka
Stefanie Tücking (1 April 1962  – 1 December 2018) was a German radio and television presenter. She was born in Kaiserslautern, Germany. In Germany, Tücking worked for the German broadcaster Südwestrundfunk (SWR) as a television and radio presenter.

Tücking was found dead in Baden-Baden, Germany on 1 December 2018 at the age of 56.

References

Other websites
 www.tuecking.com  — official site
 

1962 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
German television presenters
Radio personalities
Mariana Treviño (born 27 November 1977) is a Mexican actress. She was known for her role as Lupita in the popular Mexican musical Mentiras. She starred in other comedy movies No sé si cortarme las venas o dejármelas largas (2013) and Amor de Mis Amores (2014).

Since 2015, she starred in the Netflix telenovela Club de Cuervos. In 2018, she starred in the American comedy Overboard alongside Eugenio Derbez and Anna Faris.

References

Other websites

1977 births
Living people
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican voice actors
Actors from Monterrey
Kenneth Ronald Berry (November 3, 1933 – December 1, 2018) was an American actor, dancer, writer and singer. He was born in Moline, Illinois. Berry starred on the television series F Troop, The Andy Griffith Show, Mayberry R.F.D. and Mama's Family. A Broadway actor, he starred in The Billy Barnes Revue and George M!.

From 1960 to 1976, Berry was married to actress Jackie Joseph and the two adopted two children.

Berry died in Burbank, California on December 1, 2018 at the age of 85.

References

Other websites

 
 
 Radio Video Active interview, scroll down to Ken's Interview, date unknown 

1933 births
2018 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American dancers
American television writers
Actors from Illinois
Singers from Illinois
Comedians from Illinois
Screenwriters from Illinois
Scott Andrew Stearney (October 21, 1960 – December 1, 2018) was an American naval aviator and Vice Admiral of the United States Navy. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Stearney was Commander of the Fifth Fleet based in Bahrain from May 2018 until his death in December 2018.

On December 1, 2018, Stearney was found dead in his home in Bahrain in an apparent suicide, aged 58.

References

1960 deaths
2018 deaths
People who committed suicide
American aviators
Military people from Chicago
Robert Klein (born February 8, 1942) is an American comedian, singer, and actor. He was born in New York City. He was nominated for a Best Actor in a Musical Tony Award for 1979's They're Playing Our Song. He was known for hosting Saturday Night Live twice.

Klein starred in many movies such as The Owl and the Pussycat, Hooper, Primary Colors, Radioland Murders, Ira and Abby, One Fine Day, Two Weeks Notice, How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days, The Last Unicorn, and The Safety of Objects.

References

Other websites
 

1942 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Singers from New York City
After the Agrarian society, and the Industrial revolution, the Information age is the third big epoch in the history of economics. In the information age, information has become a prime economic good, and there are industries that transform information form one form to another. The changer from industrialized society to the society of the information age is called Digital Revolution.

Related pages 
Digital divide

Society
Periods and ages in history
Innovation
Sentientism is a way of thinking about what is right and wrong - an ethical philosophy.  It uses evidence of the real world and careful thinking to develop beliefs. It rejects beliefs where there is no good evidence for them. Sentientism says we should care about all sentient beings and care more about beings that are more sentient.

Sentient beings include anything that can experience good or bad things or feelings.  These include humans, most non-human animals and may eventually include artificial beings we create or intelligent aliens we meet.

People who agree with sentientism are called sentientists.  They are atheist and often humanist. They are also often vegan or vegetarian for moral reasons.

Things that are not sentient, such as plants, rivers and mountains, may be important because they affect how sentient beings feel.  However, we don't need to care about them directly because they cannot suffer or feel pleasure.
Sentientist thinking has a long history, from Jeremy Bentham's An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation through to modern philosophers such as Richard D. Ryder and Peter Singer.

Sentientism differs from Speciesism because it uses degrees of sentience, rather than species, to decide what things we should care about.

Sentientism differs from painism because it counts positive experience, as well as the ability to feel pain, in making moral decisions.

Sentientism agrees with Animalism that humans are animals so we should care about both. However, sentientism argues that we should also care about non-animal sentient beings, such as potential artificial or alien intelligences.
Notable Sentientists
Notable sentientists include: Thandie Newton, Bill Maher, James Cameron, Stephen Fry, George Meyer, Ricky Gervais, Sam Harris, Benjamin Spock, Oliver Sykes, Steven Pinker, Gary Holt (musician), Ellen Page, Kristen Bell, Cloris Leachman, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Richard Dawkins, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Jessica Lange and John Stewart Bell.

In some cases sentientism is implied because these people are atheists and/or humanists and vegans or vegetarians.

Related pages

References

Other websites 
 Sentientism movement web-site
 Sentientism discussion group (Facebook)
 Sentientism Sub-Reddit
 Sentientism Twitter account
 List of sentientists (Twitter)

Animal rights
Ethics
Philosophical movements and positions
Main Lakshmi Tere Aangan Ki was an Indian television soap opera drama. The series was created by Shashi Sumeet Productions It was shown 2011 to 2012 on Life OK. Sudeep Sahir and Shraddha Arya portrayed the lead characters.

Cast
main 
 Shraddha Arya as Lakshmi Agnihotri/Kaanchi Kashyap
 Sudeep Sahir as Ajay Sharma/Arjun Agnihotri

Recurring
 Aadesh Chaudhary as Aditya  
 Nisha Rawal as Soumya, Arjun's ex fiancee  
 Abhishek Tiwari / Anuj Thakur  as Saravana  
 Gurpreet Kaur as Swati> 
 Heena Parmar as Saraswati  
 Anshul Trivedi as Vishal     
 Ajay Arya/Dishank Arora as Akaash Agnihotri  
 Aruna Irani as Dadiji  
 Anil Dhawan as Lakshmi's father  
 Vinny Arora as Ginnu
 Pallavi Rao as Kishori  
 Aarya Rawal as Renuka Agnihotri 
 Arbaaz Ali Khan as Rajvardhan Angihotri 
 Simran Khanna as Purva  
 Roshni Walia as Jiyana Arjun Agnihotri (Arjun & Lakshmi's daughter)
 Dinesh Kaushik
 Ali Zafar as Nikhil (Cameo Appearance)

References
References

2010s drama television series
2010s soap operas
2011 Indian television series debuts
2012 television series endings
A spin valve is a device that consists of two metallic magnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic spacer whose electric resistance can change depending on the relative alignment of magnetization in the two magnetic layers, electrons moving through a non-magnetic material normally have random spins, so the net effect is cancelled out. When the magnetization of both the magnetic material are in the same direction or parallel, the resistance in the sandwiched layer becomes low so that the electrons in that layer have spins all aligned in one direction - either all up or all down, allowing a new way to store binary data in the form of one's (all spins up) and zeroes (all spins down).

Quantum mechanics
Electronics
Daayan (English: Witch) is an Indian supernatural drama series. The series will be created by Ekta Kapoor under their productions banner Balaji Telefilms and produced by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor. It started on 15 December 2018 on And TV. The show stars Anupriya Kapoor, Tina Dutta and Mohit Malhotra in the lead roles.

Cast

Main Cast
 Anupriya Kapoor as Daayan
 Tina Dutta as the main female lead
 Mohit Malhotra as the main male lead

References

2010s drama television series
2018 Indian television series debuts
Ivan Katardžiev (, ) (January 6, 1926 – December 1, 2018) was a Macedonian historian. He was called the country's most important expert on the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization and the Macedonian history under Yugoslavia as well as the early years of independence.

Katardžiev was also director of the Institute for National History. Katadžiev died on December 1, 2018 in Skopje, North Macedonia at the age of 92.

References

1926 births
2018 deaths
Yugoslavian historians
Macedonians from Bulgaria
The Yellow Vests movement (, ; ; ), also called as the Yellow Jacket movement in English, is a protest movement in Europe which began with a petition posted in May 2018, and which took action for the first time on Saturday, 17 November 2018.  

The "yellow vests" blocked roads and caused traffic chaos on Saturdays. The demonstrations stem from anger over rising diesel fuel prices and taxes.

By November 24, The Gilets jaunes protests had led to two deaths and over 750 injuries, including 136 police officers. Two days later, officials estimated that the damage in Paris alone could be up to €1.5m (£1.3m), and had mobilised 200 additional workers to assist with the cleanup and repair work.

By December 2, The Gilets jaunes protests had led to three deaths, the third being in Arles, according to Reuters.

References

May 2018 events
November 2018 events
December 2018 events
2018 in France
2010s in Germany
2010s in the Netherlands
2010s in Italy
21st century in Bulgaria
2010s protests
Vittorio Gassman, Knight Grand Cross, OMRI (; born Vittorio Gassmann; 1 September 1922 – 29 June 2000), popularly known as Il Mattatore, was an Italian actor, director and screenwriter. He was born in Genoa. Gassman was known as "the Laurence Olivier of Italy".

Gassman was known for his movie roles Il sorpasso (1962), La Grande Guerra (1962), I mostri (1963), L'Armata Brancaleone (1966), Profumo di donna (1974) and C'eravamo tanto amati (1974).

From 1952 to 1954, he was married to actress Shelley Winters. 

Gassman died on 29 June 2000 in Rome from a heart attack at the age of 77.

References

Other websites
 

1922 births
2000 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Italian movie actors
Italian stage actors
Italian television actors
Italian screenwriters
Italian movie directors
Writers from Genoa
Actors from Genoa
Phillips County is the name of four counties in the United States:
 Phillips County, Arkansas
 Phillips County, Colorado
 Phillips County, Kansas
 Phillips County, Montana
Phillips County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas, in what is known as the Arkansas Delta along the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,568. The county seat is Helena-West Helena.  It was founded on May 1, 1820.

References 

1820 establishments in Arkansas Territory
Arkansas counties
Haines Borough is a home-rule borough in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,080.

References 

Alaska boroughs
Itingen is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Sissach
Buckten is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Sissach
Oberdorf is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Municipalities in Waldenburg
Paul Sherwen (7 June 1956 – 2 December 2018) was an English professional racing cyclist and later a broadcaster on cycling. He worked with NBC and commentated on the Tour de France. He raced in seven editions of the Tour, finishing five. He raced for the Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt and for the Raleigh Bicycle Company.

Sherwen was born in Widnes, Lancashire. He died on 2 December 2018 at his home in Kampala, Uganda from heart failure at the age of 62.

References

1956 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
British cyclists
English sports commentators
Sportspeople from Lancashire
The arapaima, pirarucu, or paiche are several large species of bonytongue fish in the genus Arapaima. 

They are native to the Amazon and Essequibo basins of South America.  
These fish are widely dispersed and do not migrate.  This makes scientists think that there are more species of arapaima that scientists have not found yet.

Gallery

References

Living fossils
Teleosts
The Japanese dwarf flying squirrel (Pteromys momonga) lives in forests on Honshu and Kyushu islands. They eat buds, leaves, bark and fruits. The International Union for Conservation of Nature do it as a "least-concern species".

Appearance
Its body is 14–20 cm long and the tail length is 10–14 cm.  It is much smaller than the Japanese giant flying squirrel. Its back is covered with grey brown hair, and its belly is white. It has large eyes and a flattened tail. Species of flying squirrels possess a patagium, which is a skin membrane used in gliding. In this particular species of flying squirrel their patagium spans between their wrists and ankles, but not between their legs and tail.

Living areas
It is native to Japan where it inhabits sub-alpine forests and boreal evergreen forests on Honshu and Kyushu islands.
Japanese dwarf flying squirrels make their nests in the cavities of trees,or at the cross point between branches and tree trunks. These squirrels also tend to line their nests with mosses and lichens.Tree cavities are very important nest resources for them. They tend to nest in conifers, such as pine and spruce, more than broad-leaved trees.

Food and water
It eats seeds, fruit, tree leaves, buds and bark. It can leap from tree.

Reproduction
Breeding form is embryonic. Birth 2 - 6 cubs in 2 times a year at a time.

Threats
Old forests and deciduous broad-leaved forests with trees for nesting are decreasing and they are divided

Relationship with humans
They also eats acorns etc. in natural forest. This habit can be compatible with forestry and coexistence with humans is possible. It is because we only need to leave some natural forests when planting cedar.

References

Squirrels
Mammals of Japan
The Japanese weasel (Mustela Itatsi) is a carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Mustelidae. It lives in Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu of Japan. Major habitats are plains, but in western Japan it mainly lives in mountainous areas.

Appearance
Adult males of the Japanese weasel can reach  in body length with a tail length of up to . Females are smaller. The fur is orange-brown with darker markings.

Distribution and Habitat
The Japanese weasel was na­tive to three of Japan’s four larger is­lands: Hon­shu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. Over the past cen­tury, they have been intro­duced to most other Japan­ese is­lands to control the population of rodents. Their range now in­cludes Hokkaidō and the many of the Ryūkyū Islands.

Japan­ese weasels are found in a lot of ecosystems in Japan. It mainly lives in moun­tain­ous and forested places near mov­ing water. Most hunt­ing is done along rivers, but these weasels sometimes go into grasslands or sub­ur­ban areas.
In win­ter, these slim weasels spend most of their time under the snow chas­ing small ro­dents through a maze of tunnels. After catch­ing and eat­ing the prey, Japan­ese weasels usually enjoy the warmth of the prey's nest after eat­ing.

Feeding 
They eat mice, frogs, reptiles, insects and crayfish. They sometimes eat berries, seeds and fruits but only when hungry. Males like to eat more mammals and crustacean. Females like to eat insects, fruits and earthworms.

Their diet changes depending on the season, the number of some foods. Fish and insects are a part of their diet throughout all seasons. They mostly eat coleoptera insects in spring, fruits in summer, orthoptera insects and crustaceans in autumn and fish and fruit in winter. Japanese weasels help in controlling rodent and other small animal populations.
Behavior
Japanese weasels live by themselves, with the except when mating, and raising the young ones. They do not like other Japanese weasels entering their home range and will defend their home range. When scared, weasels release musk to discourage predators.

Japanese weasels are also great hunters. They chase down prey by any means, including running down tunnels, climbing trees, or swimming. Anywhere prey can go, the weasel can follow. They are both diurnal and nocturnal.

Reproduction
The mating season is from early May to late June. After mating, gestation takes about 30 days. The number of kits varies from 2 to 12, but is usually 5 or 6. It takes 8 weeks to fully be weaned and live by themselves. Japanese weasels are sexually mature at one year old.

Breeding season is twice a year in Kyushu, once a year in Hokkaido.
Economic importance 
In the past century Japanese weasels have been introduced to many small Japanese islands to kill rats that were damaging crops. Together with the use of some rodenticide, the weasels helped reduce rat populations. Japanese weasels are also trapped and used in the fur trade. Japanese weasels also sometimes hunt domestic birds, such as chickens and ducks.

Conservation status
Although their populations are in slight decline, Japanese weasels are listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because of their widespread population across Japan. The main threat to Japanese weasels is habitat loss because of residential and commercial development.

References 

Mustelids
Mammals of Japan
The brown-headed thrush (Turdus chrysolaus), sometimes known as the brown thrush, is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. 

This bird breeds in Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands and Japan. It winters in the south, toward the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Hainan and the northern Philippines. Its natural habitat is temperate forests.

It is 23–24 cm long and weighs around 64–90 g. The body color of the male and female is almost the same and black on the head and distinct bright orange feathers from chest to side of abdomen. The male has slaty-brown face and throat, shading through brown on hindcrown and neck to russet-tinged brown upperparts; chestnut-orange breast.

They prefer to live in bright needle-leaved forests with larches from flatlands to mountains.

References

Other websites 
 

Thrushes
Birds of Japan
The Okinawa rail (Gallirallus okinawae) is a species of bird endemic to Okinawa Island in Japan, where it is known as the Yanbaru kuina (Yanbaru rail). It is known to local people such as Agathi, Agacha (meaning 'hurry'),and Yamadhui(meaning 'mountain bird').

Appearance
The face is black with a white spot between the bill and eye and a white line behind the eye, extending back to the side of the neck. The undertail-coverts are dark brown with pale bars.
Its wing length is 15–16 cm. Its eggs are 5 cm long and 3.5 cm wide. It lives in the evergreen broad-leaved forest which is 500m above sea level.
It is about 30 cm long with a wingspan of 50 cm and a weight of around 435 g.

Living areas
It lives in subtropical moist forests and in neighbouring habitats.

Food and water
It has any prey which inhabit in an artificial water field advanced organic pollution. Such as food mainly living in the road and forest adge.

References 
The bill and iris are brownish and the legs and feet are yellow-ochre.
It is a noisy bird with a variety of loud calls. It calls most often early and late in the day, usually from the ground but sometimes from trees. Pairs often call together and up to 12 birds have been heard in one area.

Relationship with human
Forest logging and agricultural land development - Destruction and division of habitats by forest roads and dam construction, traffic accidents, weakness death due to chicks sliding down to side grooves, predation by artificially introduced dogs and nonneko · fairy mongoose etc. Is decreasing

Okinawa Prefecture
Rallidae
Birds of Japan
The Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle or Ryukyu leaf turtle, Geoemyda japonica, is a species of turtle in the family Geoemydidae (formerly Bataguridae) endemic to the Ryukyu Islands in Japan.  In 1975, the species was designated a National Natural Monument of Japan.  It grows to about 5–6 inches long.  In captivity, it feeds on worms, snails, insects, and fruit.  Due to its rarity and very attractive appearance, this species is highly sought-after by turtle collectors worldwide.

At first it was considered a subspecies of Geoemyda spengleri, and named Geoemyda spengleri japonica.  It was redescribed as a separate species and given its current binomial name in 1992.

Hybrids between different genera of Geoemydidae are rather commonplace. This species is known to hybridize with Cuora flavomarginata males in captivity and in the wild.

References

Introductione
Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle is an  endemic species of turtle in Japan.

Appearance
It grows to about 15.6 cm. It has black and yellow in stomach.
Living areas
It lives in North Okinawa, Kubejima and Tokasikijima. It does not herdine but it spends at the cave and around the cave during winter.

Food and water
It eats leaf, fruit and insect. It is eaten by Ryukyu born.

Repruduction
It borns two babies at once from June and September. Baby is about 3.5 cm.

Threats
It's threats are habitat loss by the development.

Relationship with humans
We cannot export it in Japan.
This species is endangered and is protected.

 
  Listed as Endangered (EN A1ce, B1+2c)
Buskirk, James R.; Parham, James F. & Feldman, Chris R. (2005): On the hybridisation between two distantly related Asian turtles (Testudines: Sacalia × Mauremys). Salamandra 41: 21-26. PDF fulltext

Other websites
 IUCN Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group   » Geoemyda japonica, 002

Animals of Japan
Endangered species
Turtles of Asia
Amanda Jane Vickery (born 8 December 1962) is an English writer and television presenter. She was a professor of History at the Royal Holloway college at the University of London. 

She wrote the following books:

 Behind closed doors: At home in Georgian England [2009]
 The gentleman's daughter: Women's lives in Georgian England [1998]
 Women, privilege, and power: British politics, 1750 to the present [2001]
 Gender, taste, and material culture in Britain and North America, 1700-1830 [2006]

In 2015 she presented the documentary The Story of Women and Power on BBC 2

References

1962 births
Living people
English historians
Writers from Lancashire
People from Preston, Lancashire
English radio personalities
British feminists
A delicatessen is a shop that sells prepared foods of high quality to retail customers (shoppers). Typical products are cheeses, smoked fish, and cured meats, "delicacies" that have a long shelf life. The foods requiring refrigeration are kept in and sold from a cold case, or as canned foods on shelves. 

Neighborhood delicatessens often feature ethnic foods for immigrant and second-generation patrons.

Food and drink
Shops
Poinsett County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,965. The county seat is Harrisburg. It was founded on February 28, 1838.

References 

1838 establishments in Arkansas
Arkansas counties
Polk County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,221. The county seat is Mena.  Polk County was founded on November 30, 1844, and named for James Polk, 11th President of the United States (1845–1849).

References 

1840s establishments in Arkansas
1844 establishments in the United States
Arkansas counties
Pope County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 63,381. The county seat is Russellville. It was founded on November 2, 1829.

References 

1829 establishments in Arkansas Territory
Arkansas counties
Prairie County is the name of two counties in the United States:
 Prairie County, Arkansas
 Prairie County, Montana
Prairie County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,282. The county seats are Des Arc and DeValls Bluff. It was founded on November 25, 1846.

References 

1840s establishments in Arkansas
1846 establishments in the United States
Arkansas counties
Randolph County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,571. The county seat is Pocahontas. It was founded on October 29, 1835.

The county is between the Ozark Mountains and Arkansas Delta.

References 

1835 establishments in Arkansas Territory
Arkansas counties
Palestine is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Anderson County.

Geograply 
Palestine has a total area of 19.6 square miles.

Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
The coat of arms of Sweden () has a lesser and a greater version.

Related pages 
 Flag of Sweden

References 

Sweden

National symbols of Sweden
Challenge is a British television channel, launched as The Family Channel on 1 September 1993. The channel was renamed and rebranded as Challenge TV on Monday 3 February 1997, with most of the original programmes dropped from the schedule or moved to other channels. The channel mostly shows game shows from the UK and around the world, with some original productions. On 1 February 2011, Challenge replaced Channel One on the Freeview platform. On 3 December 2012, Challenge launched on the free-to-air satellite platform Freesat.

Current programmes 
 Blockbusters
 Bruce's Price is Right
 Bullseye
 The Chase
 Dale's Supermarket Sweep
 Dickinson's Real Deal
 Family Fortunes
 Golden Balls
 Play Your Cards Right
 Pointless
 Tenable
 Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?

British television channels
British Sky Broadcasting
1993 establishments in the United Kingdom
The South African Communist Party (SACP) is a communist party in South Africa. It was founded in 1921.

Other websites 

 South African Communist Party official website

20th-century establishments in South Africa
1921 establishments
Political parties in South Africa
Pauls Putniņš (12 November 1937 – 1 December 2018) was a Latvian playwright, journalist and politician.

Biography 
He was born in Riga, Latvia. He was a popular playwright in the 1980s and 1990s, he wrote 30 plays; some 25 of his works were staged across Latvia. A politician, he was a member of Latvian Writers' Union, he was elected to the Riga City Council. He retired in 2010.

Putniņš died in Riga on 1 December 2018 at the age of 81.

References

1937 births
2018 deaths
Latvian politicians
Latvian journalists
Playwrights
Modernization is the transformation from a traditional, rural, agrarian society to a secular, urban, industrial society. Modernization is the industrial society where it is a continuous and open-ended process.

References 

Sociology
Andrei Georgiyevich Bitov (, 27 May 1937 – 3 December 2018) was a Russian writer. He was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. In 1988, he was one of the founders of the Russian PEN Club and was its President beginning in 1991. He also taught at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute.

Bitov was known for his works Life in Windy Weather: Short Stories, A Captive of the Caucasus, Ten Short Stories, Pushkin House, The Monkey Link and The Symmetry Teacher. In 2018, he received the Order of Friendship.

Bitov died in Moscow on 3 December 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 81.

References

Other websites
  Palace without a Tsar
  The Baggage of Writer Andrei Bitov
  Biography

1937 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Writers from Saint Petersburg
Geoffrey Peter Murphy  (October 1938 – 3 December 2018) was a New Zealand movie director, producer and screenwriter. He was born in Wellington. Murphy was known for his works in Goodbye Pork Pie (1981), The Quiet Earth (1985), Young Guns II (1990), Freejack (1992) and Under Siege 2: Dark Territory (1995). He also was a second-unit director for The Lord of the Rings movie series.

Murphy died on 3 December 2018 in Wellington at the age of 80.

References

Other websites

Geoff Murphy at NZ On Screen
Geoff Murphy at New Zealand Film Commission

1938 births
2018 deaths
New Zealand movie directors
New Zealand movie producers
New Zealand screenwriters
Officers of the New Zealand Order of Merit
Writers from Wellington
Bennwil is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Waldenburg
Hölstein is a municipality in the district Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Waldenburg
Tenniken is a municipality of the district of Sissach in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Sissach
Lampenberg is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Waldenburg
Ann Juliet Ace (born 27 June 1938) is a British dramatist and screenwriter. She was known for her works on EastEnders and The District Nurse. She also wrote scripts for BBC Radio drama, including The Archers. She wrote the screenplay for Cameleon, which won the Golden Spire Award in 1998. She was born in Llanelli, Carmarthenshire in South Wales. 

Ace lives in London. In September 2014 she was made a fellow of the renamed Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance.

References

1938 births
Living people
British screenwriters
British television writers
People from Carmarthenshire
Langenbruck is a municipality of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Waldenburg
Richard Lynn "Sandy" Alderson (born November 22, 1947) is an American baseball executive. He was the general manager of the New York Mets from 2010 to 2018. He was an executive with the Oakland Athletics, San Diego Padres and the commissioner's office of Major League Baseball.

In July 2018, Alderson was diagnosed with a returning form of cancer.

References

1947 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Seattle
Sportspeople from Seattle
John Andrew Andretti (March 12, 1963 – January 30, 2020) was an American race car driver. He was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He was the older brother of racer Adam Andretti and the nephew of Indianapolis 500 winner Mario Andretti. He won in CART, IMSA GTP, Rolex Sports Car Series, and NASCAR.

In April 2017, Andretti said that he was diagnosed with stage four colon cancer. He died from the disease in Mooresville, North Carolina on January 30, 2020 at the age of 56.

References

1963 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in North Carolina
Deaths from colorectal cancer
American racecar drivers
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
Peter Edward "Ginger" Baker (19 August 1939 – 6 October 2019) was an English drummer. He was a founder of the rock band Cream. His work in the 1960s earned him the title of "rock's first superstar drummer". Baker is known for his musical genres jazz fusion, heavy metal and world music.

In 2013, Baker was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In September 2019, his family announced he was critically ill and asked fans to keep him in their prayers. While it was announced Baker was holding his own three days later; he eventually died on 6 October 2019 at the age of 80.

References

1939 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from COPD
English songwriters
English rock drummers
Writers from London
Musicians from London
John Gerard Beattie MBE, (9 November 1926 – 9 July 2020) was a Scottish actor and comedian. He was born in Glasgow. He was known for appearing on the sketch show Scotch & Wry and the sitcom Rab C. Nesbitt. Later in life, he became known for playing Malcolm Hamilton in the soap opera River City.

Beattie was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 2007.

Beattie died on 9 July 2020 under hospice care in Clydebank, Scotland at the age of 93.

References

1926 births
2020 deaths
Scottish movie actors
Scottish television actors
Scottish stage actors
Scottish voice actors
Scottish comedians
Actors from Glasgow
Howard Saul Becker (April 18, 1928 – August 16, 2023) was an American sociologist. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was known for his works to the sociology of deviance, sociology of art, and sociology of music.  Becker also wrote extensively on sociological writing styles and methodologies. 

Becker's 1963 book Outsiders created the foundations for labeling theory. He worked at the University of Chicago.

Becker died in San Francisco, California on August 16, 2023 at the age of 95.

References

Other websites
 

1928 births
2023 deaths
American sociologists
University of Chicago faculty
Giovanni "Nino" Benvenuti (born 26 April 1938) is a retired Italian boxer and actor. He was an amateur welterweight boxer he won the Italian title in 1956–60, the European title in 1957 and 1959, and an Olympic gold medal in 1960. An actor, he is known for his roles in Sundance and the Kid (1969) and then in Mark Shoots First (1975).

Benvenuti was born in Isola d´Istria, Italy . He was added in the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1992.

References

Other websites
  Official website 

1938 births
Living people
Italian movie actors
Italian Olympic gold medalists
Italian boxers
James "Mark" Wilson (April 11, 1929 – January 19, 2021) was an American magician and author. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He was known for becoming the first major "television magician" and for showing illusions on television format. 

Wilson died on January 19, 2021 at the age of 91.

References

1929 births
2021 deaths
American magicians
American television personalities
Actors from Indianapolis
David Berglas (born 30 June 1926) is a British magician and mentalist. He was one of the first magicians to appear on UK television. In the 1950s, Berglas created what is now referred to as the "Holy Grail" of card magic, known as "The Berglas Effect." The effect was first named "The Berglas Effect" by Jon Racherbaumer in his 1984 book At The Table

Movies
 The 1967 version of Casino Royale 
 Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon 
 Albert R. Broccoli's  Octopussy 
 George Lucas's Willow 
 Tim Burton's Batman

Honours
Berglas was awarded an MBE in the 2019 New Year Honours List.

References

1926 births
Living people
British movie actors
British television personalities
British magicians
John Bird (22 November 1936 – 24 December 2022) was an English satirist, actor and comedian. He is best known for his work with John Fortune. Bird was born in Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, England.  

Bird is known for his works in A Dandy in Aspic (1968), 30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia (1968), This, That and the Other (1969), Take A Girl Like You (1970), Jabberwocky (1977), The Seven-Per-Cent Solution (1976), and Yellow Pages (1988).

Bird died from complications of a stroke at Pendean House Care Home in Midhurst, West Sussex, on 24 December 2022, aged 86.

Selected acting credits

Film

Red and Blue (1967)
A Dandy in Aspic (1968)
30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia (1968)
This, That and the Other (1969)
Take A Girl Like You (1970)
The Breaking of Bumbo (1970)
The Alf Garnett Saga (1972)
The Seven-Per-Cent Solution (1976)
Jabberwocky (1977)
Yellow Pages (1985)
A Fish Called Wanda (1988)
The Strange Case of Delfina Potocka: The Mystery of Chopin (1999)

Television
Television

That Was the Week That Was (1962–1963)
Not So Much a Programme, More a Way of Life (1964–1965)
My Father Knew Lloyd George (1965)
If It Moves File It (1970)
The Melting Pot (1975)
Blue Remembered Hills (1979)
The Dangerous Brothers (1980)
Marmalade Atkins (1981–4)
King Lear (1982)
Travelling Man (1984)
A Very Peculiar Practice (1986–8)
Yes, Prime Minister (1988)
Joint Account (1989–90)
El C.I.D. (1990–2)
Cluedo (1993)
To Play the King (1993)
Sooty & Co. (1993)
One Foot in the Grave (1995)
Chambers (1996–9)
Bremner, Bird and Fortune (1999–2007)
Jonathan Creek (2000, 2014)
Absolute Power (2003–5)
Bert and Dickie (2012)
Midsomer Murders (2017)

Theatre
One Way Pendulum (1988)

Radio
Chambers (1996–9)
Absolute Power (2000–6)
Desolation Jests (2016)

References

Other websites
 

1936 births
2022 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English voice actors
English comedians
Actors from Nottinghamshire
Barbara Taylor Bradford OBE, (born 10 May 1933) is a British-American novelist. Her debut novel, A Woman of Substance, was published in 1979 and has sold over 30 million copies worldwide. It ranks as one of the top-ten bestselling novels of all-time. She was born in Leeds, Yorkshire.

References

Other websites

Barbara Taylor Bradford's blog

1933 births
Living people
British novelists
American novelists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Writers from Yorkshire
Terry Carter (born December 16, 1928) is an American actor and movie director. He is known for his roles as Sgt. Joe Broadhurst on the seven-year TV series McCloud and as Colonel Tigh on the original Battlestar Galactica. He was born in New York City.

References

Other websites
 
 

1928 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Movie directors from New York City
Peter Cellier (born 12 July 1928) is an English actor. He is known for his role as Sir Frank Gordon in Yes Minister and then Yes, Prime Minister in the 1980s.

References

Other websites

Curriculum vitae

1928 births
Living people
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Actors from Middlesex
Thomas Stephen Chalmers (26 December 1935 – 29 April 2019) was a Scottish footballer. He was born in Glasgow. He played as a centre-forward. He is best known for scoring the winning goal for Celtic in the 1967 European Cup Final. From 1964 to 1966, he played for the national team.

In 2017, it was confirmed that Chalmers had dementia. He died on 29 April 2019, at the age of 83.

References

Other websites
Player profile at The Celtic Wiki
Player profile at The Partick Thistle History Archive

1935 births
2019 deaths
Footballers from Glasgow
Michael Charlton (born 1 May 1927) is an Australian-born British journalist and broadcaster. He was born in Sydney. He worked for the BBC in the United Kingdom for many years. 

In 1961 he was the inaugural presenter of Four Corners, an Australian current affairs programme. In 1963 he was the recipient of the Australian Gold Logie award.

References

1927 births
Living people
Australian journalists
British journalists
BBC people
Writers from Sydney
Leah Chase (January 6, 1923 – June 1, 2019) was an American chef, author and television personality. She was born in New Orleans but was raised in Madisonville, Louisiana, before moving back to New Orleans to attend catholic school. Chase was known as the Queen of Creole Cuisine. She supported African-American art and Creole cooking. Her restaurant, Dooky Chase, was known as a gathering place during the 1960s among many who participated in the Civil Rights Movement.

Chase died on June 1, 2019 in New Orleans, Louisiana at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
Leah Chase New Orleans Online
Lifetime Achievement Award – Leah Chase  Southern Foodways Alliance (2000)
Allen, Carol Listen, I Say Like This (biography of Leah Chase) (2002)
Leah Chase of Dooky Chase Restaurant St. Mary's Academy Newsletter

1923 births
2019 deaths
American television personalities
American civil rights activists
American chefs
Writers from New Orleans
Madisonville is a town in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 748 at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana
Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is an English Labour Party politician. He was born in London. Clarke was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010. He was Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006.

References

Other websites
 Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: Charles Clarke MP
 TheyWorkForYou.com – Charles Clarke MP
 BBC News – Charles Clarke profile 17 October 2002

1950 births
Living people
Politicians from London
Royston Clarke  OBE (born 28 January 1930) is an English comedy writer. He was born in Austerfield, West Riding of Yorkshire. Clarke is best known for creating the sitcoms Last of the Summer Wine, Keeping Up Appearances, Open All Hours and its sequel series, Still Open All Hours.

References

Other websites

1930 births
Living people
English screenwriters
English television writers
Writers from Yorkshire
John Cocks (23 August 1966 – 6 February 2019), also known as John 'Cocksy' Cocks, was a New Zealand celebrity builder and television presenter. He was most notable for working on the My House My Castle series in the 1990s for New Zealand's TV2. 

In 2016, he was diagnosed with terminal kidney cancer. He died from the disease on 6 February 2019 at his home in Tairua, New Zealand, aged 52.

References

1966 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from kidney cancer
Cancer deaths in New Zealand
New Zealand television presenters