Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Transport in New Jersey
Law enforcement in New York (state)
Law enforcement agencies of the United States
Transport in New York (state)
1928 establishments in the United States
1920s establishments in New York (state)
1920s establishments in New Jersey
Panda Express is a quick-service Chinese restaurant chain in the United States.
They serve American-style Chinese food. Most of their restaurants are in shopping malls and supermarkets.

Other websites 
 Panda Express

1983 establishments in the United States
American fast food restaurants
Chinese food
Companies based in California
Thai astrology has a color of the day for each day of the week. The color is based on the color of the God who protects the day or Navagraha. For example, the God of Sunday is Surya which has as the red color. These colors of the day are the traditional Thai birthday colors. For example, King Bhumibol Adulyadej was born on Monday, so on his birthday places in Thailand will be decorated with the color yellow.

Related pages
 Color of the day (police)
 Thai solar calendar
 Royal Flags of Thailand

Other websites 
 
 

Astrology
Thai culture
Labials or labial consonants are consonants made with the lips. These sounds are made in two ways. Bilabial sounds use both lips (for example [p] as in pack). Labiodental sounds use the lower lip and teeth (for example [f] in food).

Consonants
Coronal consonants are made with the front part of the tongue. There are many types of coronal consonants, for example dental consonants and alveolar consonants.

Consonants
Radical consonants are consonants that are sounded out with the root of the tongue (the back part).

Consonants
Bilabials or Bilabial consonants are a type of sound that are made with both lips (bilabial) and by partially stopping the air coming from the mouth when the sound is pronounced (consonant). For example, [p] is bilabial, but [f] is not.
Bilabial consonants are a type of sound in a group of consonant labials composed of both lips (bilabial) and by pausing the air from the mouth when the sound is called (consonant).

There are eight bilabial consonants used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).

How to Teach /p/, /b/ and /m/ 
Following are some touch or touch gesture methods to teach sounds:
P: Place your index finger straight in front of both (closed) lips. When you make a / p / sound, bring your finger forward as fast as if you are going to emphasize that the p “sound. You can also place your finger and tap.
B: Place one or more fingers against the same closed lips but in this case, do not move it as soon as you make a noise. The “b” sound does not have an air escape like “p.” Remind the child to cover “the lips.” You can also place your finger and tap.

M: Place one finger on a horizontal surface under your lower lip or slide it over your lips.

English contains the following three bilabial consonants:
/p/ as in “post” and “map“
/b/ as in “book” and “grab“
/m/ as in “mind” and “lamp“

Consonants
Labiodental consonants are labial consonants made with the bottom lip and the top teeth, like the English letters f as in file and v as in vile.

Consonants
Dentals or Dental consonants are coronal consonants, meaning they are made by touching the front of the tongue to the upper teeth. For example, th in the English word thing is a dental consonant written [], these is a dental consonant written [].

Consonants
The Saxifragales are a taxonomic order of flowering plants, various dicotyledons. Includes the following families:

 Family Altingiaceae (sweet gum family)
 Family Aphanopetalaceae
 Family Cercidiphyllaceae (katsuratree family)
 Family Crassulaceae (orpine family)
 Family Daphniphyllaceae
 Family Grossulariaceae (gooseberry and blackcurrant family)
 Family Haloragidaceae
 Family Hamamelidaceae (witch-hazel family)
 Family Iteaceae (itea or sweetspire family)
 Family Paeoniaceae (peony)
 Family Penthoraceae
 Family Pterostemonaceae
 Family Saxifragaceae (saxifrage family)
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a law enforcement agency that works for the United States Department of Justice that enforces the United States drug laws. The DEA is the agency with the most responsiblility for drug enforcement in the U.S. and also shares its responsibilities with the Federal Bureau of Investigation. It also has complete responsibility (duty to do something) for U.S. drug enforcement investigations in other countries.

History 
The Drug Enforcement Administration was created on 1 July 1973, by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973, signed by President Richard Nixon on 28 March 1973. It suggested a single federal agency to enforce the federal drug laws as well as to join together and to organize the government's drug control efforts.

In 1999, the DEA opened the Drug Enforcement Administration Museum in Arlington, Virginia. In February 2003, the DEA started a Digital Evidence Laboratory in its Office of Forensic Sciences.
Organization 
The DEA is run by an Administrator of Drug Enforcement who is given the job by the President of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. The Administrator's direct boss is the Attorney General through the Deputy Attorney General. It has its own training centre called the DEA Academy on the United States Marine Corps base at Quantico, Virginia with the FBI Academy. It has 21 domestic divisions inside the U.S. with 227 field offices and 86 foreign offices in 62 countries. With a budget of over 2.415 billion U.S. dollars, the DEA employs over 10,800 people, including over 5,500 Special agents.

Narcotics registration 
The DEA has a system in place which allows doctors and other people, such as dentists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners, to prescribe medicines, researchers and manufacturers access to "Schedule I" drugs, as well as Schedules 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Related pages
 List of United States federal law enforcement agencies

References

Other websites
Other websites 

 DEA official web site
 The History of the DEA from 1973 to 1998
 List of former DEA Administrators
 Agency of Fear - The History of the origins of the DEA in the Nixon White House
 Results of Prohibition  The financial costs of drug use and drug prohibition in the U.S., impact on levels of drug use and prices.
 A response to the DEA web site
 
 Major Studies of Drugs and Drug Policy Full text of major government commission reports on the effects of drug enforcement
 The Drug Hang-Up by Rufus King A history of the drug laws with special emphasis on the predecessors to the DEA
 DEA Watch - A dissenting view of the DEA 
 Drug Enforcement Administration Meeting Notices and Rule Changes  from The Federal Register RSS Feed 
 DEA Lookup.com Commercial DEA number database search service
 Office of Diversion Control 
Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1973 - Appendix to Title 5, U.S. Code 
 Get Smart About Drugs - A DEA Resource for Parents
 DEA Demand Reduction - Street Smart Prevention
1973 establishments in the United States
Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States
Drug control law
A ticket of leave was an important document given to convicts who had been sent to Australia. Convicts who were well-behaved were given a ticket of leave. This gave them some rights, and they did not have to stay in gaol. With a ticket of leave, a convict was able to look for work in a particular area but could not leave the area without permission from a court. Every change of employer or district was written on the ticket.

History
Governor Philip Gidley King started the tickets of leave in 1801. It gave prisoners a reason to behave themselves. Also, it helped to provide cheap workers for farmers who were settling in Australia. The government saved money as it did not have to feed and clothe the prisoners.
Those with a ticket of leave were able to marry or to bring their families from Britain. They could buy land but not carry guns or get onto a ship. They were often made to pay back the cost of their travel in the prison ship to Australia. The ticket of leave had to be renewed every year, and those with one had to attend  (where it could be checked they were still living in the area), and church services. Prisoners could lose their ticket and be sent back to prison if they were lazy, if they tried to get paid too much, or if they were rude to the police or soldiers. Sometimes, prisoners who helped the government, by capturing escaped convicts for example, might be given a ticket of leave as a reward.
The ticket
The ticket itself was a highly detailed document. It listed the convicts' number, the name, the ship in which sent to Australia, the year that they arrived, the captain of the ship, where they came from, their job, the crimes,the place and date of trial, the sentence, the birth date, what they looked like, the area the prisoner was allowed to live in, the court that gave out the ticket, the date the ticket was given, any other conditions of the ticket, and any changes of where they lived. A lot of this information has been kept, which makes them a very important source of information for people looking at family history.

References

Other websites
 Index to Ticket of Leave Passports 
A real Ticket of Leave 
Joseph Wilkes Ticket of Leave, 1869
  Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911

Imprisonment and detention
History of Australia
Documents
The stadium has a capacity of over 56,000, with over 53,000 seated. It is used mainly for Australian rules football, and houses the headquarters of the sport's main competition, the Australian Football League. It is also used for cricket and major concerts. The stadium also has a large opening roof that allows games to be played in any weather, and also has car parking underneath. It is joined to Southern Cross Railway Station by a footbridge. Its playing surface has an area of 19,000 m2. The roof, the largest opening roof in the Southern Hemisphere, takes about 8 minutes to open or close.

The stadium is home to several Australian Football League clubs, including Carlton, North Melbourne, Essendon, St Kilda, and the Western Bulldogs. It was used for several matches in the 2003 Rugby World Cup.

The stadium is also used for music concerts, and performers have included Andre Rieu, Bruce Springsteen, Green Day, Barbra Streisand, Bon Jovi and Ricky Martin.

References
References

Sports buildings in Australia
Stadiums
Buildings and structures in Melbourne
2000 establishments in Australia
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is the largest and primary law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Its duty is to protect the nation's border. Its main office is located in Washington, D.C..

ICE is run by an assistant secretary, who is given the job by the President of the United States, confirmed by the Senate, and reports directly to the Secretary of Homeland Security.

Related pages
 List of United States federal law enforcement agencies

References

Other websites
Other websites

 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
 U.S. Customs and Border Protection
 U.S. Department of Homeland Security
 U.S. Immigration And Customs Enforcement Bureau Meeting Notices and Rule Changes  from The Federal Register
 Federal Law Enforcement Training Center
 ICE detentions and criminal prosecutions of employers hiring illegal employees. 
 ICE worksite enforcement efforts. 
 Most recent detentions and statistics from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement 
 RSS Feed 
 The Real Political Purpose of the ICE Raids from Dollars & Sense magazine

International agencies like ICE
 Australian Customs Service
 RCMP Customs and Excise Branch - Canada 
 RCMP Immigration and Passport Branch - Canada 
 Serious Organized Crime Agency - UK 
 RCMP Integrated Border Enforcement Teams - Canada

Customs services
Federal law enforcement agencies of the United States
John Joe O'Reilly was born at the Derries, Killeshandra, County Cavan.  After early successes with St Patrick’s College and his club, Cornafean, he captained the Cavan team, which won All-Ireland Senior Football Championships in 1947 (at the New York Polo Grounds) and 1948, having also played on three losing sides in the final. He won 11 Ulster senior football medals, as Cavan took the title each year from 1937 until 1949, except two. He won a National Football League medal and four Railway Cup medals, in 1942 and 1943 (when he was the first ever Cavan captain), 1947 and as captain again in 1950. John Joe O'Reilly was one of only seven men to have had the honour of being presented with the Sam Maguire twice as captain. O'Reilly's father also played in goal for Cavan and his brother, Tom O’Reilly, played on the 1947 All-Ireland winning team and also won Railway Cup medals for Ulster in 1943 and 1944.
A Commandant in the army, John Joe O'Reilly died unexpectedly at the Curragh Military Hospital on November 22, 1952. He was named at centre half-back on the Gaelic Athletic Association's "Team of the Millennium" in 1999.

References

1919 births
1952 deaths
People from the Republic of Ireland
The E.N.D (an abbreviation of The Energy Never Dies) is the fifth studio album by American hip hop group the Black Eyed Peas. It was released on June 3, 2009. The album's music was different to the group's previous hip hop and R&B sound as it was a bit more "futuristic" sounding and was heavily rooted in dance music.

Track listing

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Certifications

Year-end charts

Chart procession and succession

|-

|-

|-

|-

References

Black Eyed Peas albums
2009 albums
Hip hop albums
Electronic dance music albums
NYPD Blue is an American television police drama set in New York City, inside the fictional 15th precinct of Manhattan. Each episode usually shows a single day and has more than one story.

The show was made by Steven Bochco and David Milch. Its episodes were shown on the ABC network from its beginning on September 21, 1993 to March 1, 2005.

Cast

Cast list

Other websites
 Official websites for the show from ABC , Court TV ,TNT  and Bravo!
 Series ending commentary from MSNBC , Slate , and the Christian Science Monitor
 Alan Sepinwall/Amanda Wilson entire series information and episode summary & review 
David Milch's Active Imagination , a May 2002 interview with Milch
1993 American television series debuts
2005 American television series endings
1990s American drama television series
1990s American workplace television series
1990s crime television series
2000s American drama television series
2000s American workplace television series
2000s crime television series
American crime drama television series
American police television series
American workplace drama television series
Detective television series
Emmy Award winning programs
Golden Globe Award winning programs
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Television series set in New York City
English-language television programs
Wong Tai Sin Temple may refers:

 Wong Tai Sin Temple (Hong Kong)
 Wong Tai Sin Temple (Guangzhou)
 Wong Tai Sin Temple (Foshan)
 Wong Tai Sin Temple (Jinhua)
 Wong Tai Sin Temple (Miami)
 Wong Tai Sin Temple (Sydney)
Jamaica is a neighborhood in the borough of Queens in New York City, New York, United States. It is the location of the county seat of Queens. Also located there is Jamaica Station. With over 200,000 daily passengers, the station is a rail hub for New York City Subway, the Long Island Rail Road, and the Airtrain to JFK airport.

Queens (New York City)
Neighborhoods of New York City
An anal fissure, or fissura ani, is a fissure (a small tear) in the anal canal. Patients typically complain of sharp anal pain during and after defecation, lasting minutes or hours. This small wound can sometimes bleed a little bit during or after defecation.

It's not completely clear what causes an anal fissure. It is possibly caused by constipation, too much strain on the anal sphincter (the circular muscle of the anus), reduced blood circulation, the skin is not made dry enough after taking a shower or swimming, the skin has been stretched too much, pregnancy, giving birth, and not changing a baby's diaper in time. 

After the anal fissure closes, it takes 6 weeks to 3 months before the wound is healed completely. In this period the fissure easily opens again. Therefore, the wound can return repeatedly.
Treatment 
A doctor can prescribe several products to treat the anal fissure. For example, a pain relieving ointment or suppository (an anal medication); a laxative (that makes it easier to go to the toilet); zinc-ointment (this will protect the skin and contract it, so it will heal faster). Further more a doctor can give advice about taking care of the wound and improve digestion and defecation.

Most fissure are acute, lasting about 4-6 weeks. The anal fissure becomes chronic and will not go away if it lasts for more than 6 weeks. In such cases medical surgery can be a solution. The circular muscle of the anus is usually cut or stretched. Also an injection with botox in the muscle can have a positive result.

To prevent the fissure to return 
The anal fissure can burst open very easily up to 3 months after healing, for example during defecation. The patient can do several things to reduce the chance that the fissure will return. The advice includes the following tips.
As long as the fissure is open (a painful, small tear next to the anus which can bleed a little) the patient can put an ointment with zinc oxide (protects and contracts) and pramocaïne (relieves pain and itching) on and around the fissure (in Europe available without prescription as Nestosyl). Use toilet your finger with a glove to spread out the ointment and wash hands afterward with soap. This treatment has to be continued for several weeks to reduce the chance that the fissure will open again.
Patients should not postpone going to the toilet. While waiting, the faeces will push on the circular muscle of the anus, which causes a pressure. Besides the faeces can become harder and get more volume after a while. When the patient feels the urge to go to the toilet, the best thing is to go immediately. While sitting on the toilet, the patient has to press as little as possible, but instead relax the circular muscle.

As long as the wound is not healed, taking a daily bath with soda (sodium carbonate) can give relief. Further more that will keep the wound clean. Sit in a tub filled with a few inches of warm water for 20 minutes, 2 or 3 times a day. This is called a sitz bath. It relaxes the tissue and helps relax the anal muscle.

It's very important that the skin around the anus is completely dry before the patients gets dressed. The slightest moisture in the folding of the skin can be the reason that the skin will get damaged easily.
Some patients benefit by putting simple oil around the anus. For example, olive oil or sunflower oil. The skin softens and will not tear or crack as easily. Always remind hygiene.

If the tips that are mentioned above do not help enough and the fissure continues to crack open, the cause could be the use of toilet paper after defecation. The paper rubs too strong over the skin and causes the wound to open again. One can try to use another brand of softer toilet paper, baby wipes, or instead use warm water to clean himself after bowel movement. 

While following all mentioned tips and advice, do not forget the good principles of hygiene.

These recommendations only make sense if the patient is sure that the problem is an anal fissure. If there is any doubt, especially when there is blood in the stool, please consult a doctor

References list 
.

Diseases
The Philippines has varied university grading systems. Most colleges, universities, particularly public institutions, follow the grade point system scale of 5.00 - 1.00, in which 1.00 is the highest grade and 5.00 is the lowest possible grade.

Grade point scale (5.00 - 1.00)

Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila also employ a specific grading category for retention. This system uses the General Weighted Average (GWA) per semester as a basis whether or not a particular student shall be retained at the course or college he or she is enrolled to. Some colleges have higher GWA requirement for retention, but most of them demands a GWA of at least 2.50 per semester. A few graduate schools, on the other hand, employ the Pass or Fail system.

Datamex Institute of college in Information Technology
Notable exceptions include De La Salle University & FEU-East Asia College, which follow the 1.000 - 4.000 grading system, which patterns those of American universities. This system uses the 4.0 grade point equivalence as the highest grade, while 0.0 grade point equivalence is considered the lowest possible grade. 0.0 grade point equivalence is considered a failing mark.

ABE International Business College "Manila 'Main' Campus"

The Grading System let's you see the "Grade Range". This is essential for High School Graduates to know in which Grade Range they are in.

Grade point scale (1.000 - 4.000) 

Other universities, such as the Ateneo de Manila University and its sister schools, use the letter grade system with varied grade equivalence range.

Letter grade system 

More importantly, Philippine universities do not have standard grade equivalence. Different universities have varied equivalence range, while passing grades are subject to imposed academic quality of an institution.

References
References

Related pages
 General Weighted Average

Grading
De La Salle University is a private Roman Catholic university in Manila, Philippines.

Colleges and universities in the Philippines
The General Weighted Average (GWA) is the average of grades in all subjects taken, whether passed or failed.  It is the result of combining the performance rating based on the screening criteria or subject. It serves as the indicator of a student's academic performance in a given semester or school year.

Related pages
 Academic grading in Philippines

References

Education in the Philippines
Fire and Ice is the second book in the first series of Warriors: Warriors: The Prophecies Begin. It was written by Kate Cary under the pen name of Erin Hunter. The book was published by HarperCollins Publishers on 1 June 2003.

The book takes place in a fictional forest populated by feral cats, who live in groups called Clans. The four Clans are ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan. The cats that live in these Clans call themselves warriors.

Plot summary 
Fireheart and Graystripe, warriors of ThunderClan, must go on a journey to save WindClan, which was chased from its territory by ShadowClan. They succeed in doing this.
Fireheart then receives his first apprentice (a cat he must train how to hunt and fight so that it can become a warrior). His apprentice's name is Cinderpaw. On a hunting trip with Cinderpaw and Graystripe, Graystripe falls into a river and almost drowns, but a RiverClan cat named Silverstream saves him. Over time, Graystripe and Silverstream fall in love and meet secretly (which is against the rules the Clans live by), much to Fireheart's dismay.

Tigerclaw, a warrior of ThunderClan with evil plans, sets a trap by a road. He wants Bluestar, the leader of ThunderClan, to be hit by a car and die, so that he can become leader. However, Cinderpaw falls for this trap instead, and is hit by a car, which breaks her leg and gives her a permanent limp. She is prevented from becoming a warrior because of this.

Fireheart later reunites with his sister, Princess, who is a house cat that lives with humans. She gives him her son, Cloudkit, who is taken into ThunderClan.
Later, there is a battle against Brokenstar, the former leader of ShadowClan, who was exiled for committing crimes, and some of his followers. Brokenstar loses the battle, and he is blinded and taken prisoner by ThunderClan. It is revealed that Yellowfang, the medicine cat (healer) of ThunderClan, is his mother.

The book ends with a battle against RiverClan and ShadowClan, who have allied in hopes of driving WindClan out again. ThunderClan fights on the side of WindClan. Fireheart is attacked by a RiverClan warrior named Leopardfur, and Tigerclaw doesn't help Fireheart. Fireheart later is unable to fight Silverstream, knowing how much she means to Graystripe. ThunderClan and WindClan win the battle. However, Tigerclaw and Fireheart are now suspicious of each other. Each one suspects the other of being a traitor.

References 

2003 books
Warriors books
In academic administration, a dean is a person with important authority over a specific academic unit, or over a specific area of concern, or both.

The term comes from the Latin decanus, a leader of "ten," taken from the medieval monasteries (particularly those following the Cluniac Reforms) which were often extremely large, with hundreds of monks (the size of a small college campus). The monks were organized into groups of ten for administrative purposes, along the lines of military platoons, headed by a senior monk, the decanus.

The term was later used to describe the head of a community of priests, as the chapter of a cathedral, or a section of a diocese (a "deanery").

When the universities grew out of the cathedral and monastery schools, the title of dean was used for officials with various administrative duties.

Education occupations
The Australian Customs and Border Protection Service is the Australian Federal Government agency with the duty of protecting the Australian border, helping with the movement of legal international travellers and goods, and collecting border related duties and taxes.

The Service has nearly 6,000 people working for it in Australia and other countries and is based in Canberra, Australia.

Protecting Australia by stopping illegal and possibly harmful goods, such as drugs and weapons, is a main concern and many methods and equipment are used to help with this task. This includes using intelligence, and computers, detector dogs, Smartgate, x-rays, Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) and other methods. 

In doing its job, Customs works with other government agencies such as the Australian Federal Police, the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service, the Department of Immigration and Citizenship, the Department of Defence and the Australian Fisheries Management Authority.
Australia’s borders extend into the 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

The Australian TV series Border Security: Australia's Front Line shows the work of the Australian Customs Service at airports, sea borders and inside Australia.

Equipment
 Glock pistols, personal body armour, batons, capsicum (OC) spray, and handcuffs.

Other websites
 Australian Customs Service
 Border Protection Command

References

Other websites
 Protecting our borders
 A Week in the Life of Customs
 Arming of front-line Customs officers 

Customs
Customs services
Organizations based in Canberra
Law enforcement in Australia
A landing zone is a "safe" area in which a helicopter or other type of vertical take-off device would land. They are mostly used in war.

Helicopters
The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) () is the Canadian government agency with a duty to act as border guards and customs services.

The agency was started on December 12, 2003 (the same day Paul Martin became Prime Minister of Canada), by an order-in-council joining Canada Customs with border and law enforcement agents from the Department of Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA).

Related pages
 Australian Customs and Border Protection Service
 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
 CANPASS

Notes
Notes

Other websites
Canada Border Services Agency Official site
Border Crossing Information
Border Crossing Information (French)
Smart Border 30-Point Action Plan 
Canada Nexus Border crossing system  Educational Video - ID Cards RFID Chips
Integrated Border Enforcement Teams 
IBETs 2006 Joint Cross-Border Operations 
CBSA Detector Dog Service 
Chapter 5—Keeping the Border Open and Secure—Canada Border Services Agency 
Be Aware and Declare! What you can and cannot bring into Canada 

Border Services Agency
Canada
Border Services Agency
Law of Canada
Serial communication is a term used to describe systems used for telecommunications, as well as certain technologies used for computing. When using serial communication, only one bit is transferred at a time, for example over a communication channel or computer bus. This is different to parallel communication, where several bits are sent at the same time. Many computer networks, as well as many lines where data is transferred over a long distance use serial communication.

Examples for serial communication
Morse code signalling
RS-232, a low-speed serial port used on some PCs; RS-423 and RS-485 are variations of this
USB is a standard to connect peripherals to computers
Ethernet, one of the most widely used standards for Computer Networks 
FireWire, another standard like USB
Fibre Channel, high-speed, for connecting computers to storage, like harddisks
Serial Attached SCSI
Serial ATA

Telecommunications
Computer buses
Abel Pardo (born in 1974 in León, province of León, Spain), also known as Auslli, is a Neo-Nazi politician and a Leonese language writer.

Laureated in Italian Language and Culture by ICON and Advanced Studies Diplomat in Romance Languages by the Open University of Catalonia, Abel Pardo wrote in  (1996),  (2006) and El Dialecto Leonés (2006), when he collaborated with tales about modern and ancient themes, and was the prologuer in the 2003 edition of Brañas d'antanu ya xente d'anguanu.

As an Italian language and culture for foreigners bachelor, Abel Pardo is the author of the first works about contractive language between Leonese language and Italian, being the author of "Linguistica Constrativa Italiano-Leonese" (Contractive Linguistic Italian-Leonese) presented and approved in the University of Pavia Italy as a bachelor final project .
Translator 
Abel Pardo also developed a certain activity as a translator into Leonese language. He translated the leaflet Campus Stellae (1999). He collaborated with "La Nuesa Tierra" newspaper with more than 200 articles in Leonese language, and with Logos Group (Italia) where he's official Leonese language translator. As city councilor of León, he promoted Leonese language bilingualism, starting Leonese language courses in the city of León for the first time and created with the University of León the title "Monitor de Llingua Llïonesa" for teaching Leonese language in official courses.

He also has written scientific works about Leonese language and New Technologues as "Nuevas Teunoloxías y Llingua Llïonesa" (New Technologies and Leonese language), the first pre-doctorate work presented and approved in Leonese language in one university, presented in the Open University of Catalonia or "El Llïonés y las TICs" in the scientific magazine Mikroglottika.
Collective books 
 Cuentos de Lleón (1996)
 Brañas d'antanu ya xente d'anguanu (prologue) (2003)
 Cuentos del Sil (2006)
 El Dialecto Leonés (2006)

Translations 
 Campus Stellae (1999)

Scientific works 
 Nuevas Teunoloxías y Llingua Llïonesa (2006)
 Linguistica contrastiva Italiano-Leonese (2006)

Scientific publications 
 El Llïonés y las TIC's  (2007) in Mikroglottika 
 Linguistica contrastiva italiano-leonese: Vocalismo (2007) in Mikroglottika

References

Spanish writers
1974 births
Living people
Perforation means lines of punching holes made in any material. It is used in making paper objects like stamps or tickets, and along the edges of movies.

In philately, there are three types of the cutting of postage stamps for stamp separation, including:
 Perforation, or cutting rows and columns of small holes.
 Rouletting, or small horizontal and vertical cuts.
 Diecutting, or cutting paper to shape using a metal die (used for self-adhesive stamps).

Related pages 
 Postage stamp

Other websites 

 

Technology
Postage stamps
"Imaginationland" is a three-episode movie made of Comedy Central's animated TV series, South Park. It was released in March 2008.

English-language movies
South Park
2008 movies
2008 comedy movies
2008 animated movies
American animated movies
Repentigny is a suburb of Montreal, which is in Quebec, Canada. It was created at about the same year as Quebec City. Before, people who lived there were farmers. Now, there are a lot of people who live there. Most of the people work in Montreal so they have to use Highway 40, which cuts the town in half.

The town is on the north side of the St. Lawrence River

Although it is a very pleasant and calm town, there is nothing much to do. All year long, a bunch of festivals are organised, but they are mostly for children. The most popular festival is the Festival Feu Et Glace which happens during the winter.

Since the early 2000s, the only thing that changed in the town is that they built a lot of new houses.

References 

Cities and towns in Quebec
Mount Pleasant is a town of Green County in the state of Wisconsin, United States.  About 550 people were living in Mount Pleasant as of 2000.

References

Towns in Wisconsin
Green County, Wisconsin
Newspeak is a concept from the book 1984 by George Orwell. It is based on English, which is referred to as Oldspeak in the novel. Newspeak is the language that was created by Oceania. It is a language whose vocabulary grows smaller each year. For example, the word for "bad" becomes "ungood" in Newspeak. It  becomes a word simply meaning the opposite of "good", with the prefix "un-" meaning "not". In the novel, this language was made by Party members as a means to limit human thought to the absolute lowest. This results in the people not being able to question whatever the Party tells the society.

References

Fictional languages
The Juncaceae, the rush family, is a family of rather small plants that often look like a type of grass. They often grow on wet, infertile soils. There are about 400 species organised into eight genera. Juncus is the most well-known and largest genus in the Juncaceae family.

They are one of the monocot flowering plant families, which means that their seeds only have one leaf to start off new growth. 

Rushes are found all around the world. They are commonly found in wet marshy areas, as the plant prefers moist soil. However, seedlings can survive dormant once well established even in the driest of places. Seeds spread by water or birds and other animals. They can live for up to 50 years lying dormant in droughts.
Rushes are a basic food of many animal diets. They are also used as bedding and nesting material for many different types of birds and mammals. Rushes have been used throughout history by humans for various purposes such as weaving matts, medicine and animal feed. Today they are still used in some places for making sleeping mats but are mostly used as a decorative plant around ponds.

References 

Poales
Plant families
The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children are two sections that are in some Bibles inside chapter three of the Book of Daniel. These sections are sometimes called Additions to Daniel.

In chapter three of the Book of Daniel, King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon builds a statue from gold, and he tells everyone to worship it. Some Jews living in Babylon named Azariah, Hananiah, and Mishael refuse to worship the statue. The king gets mad so he has them put into a big furnace to kill them. An angel protects them from the fire, and the king decides to let them go.

That story is in all Hebrew and Christian Bibles. Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Bibles have a longer version of the story.
In the longer version of the story, Azariah's prayer is put after the three men are put into the furnace, starting at verse 24. In the prayer, Azariah says that he and the other people of Judah (part of ancient Israel) have sinned against God. He says that they are sorry and asks for God's protection.

The Song of the Three Holy Children is another part of the longer version of the Book of Daniel. It is sung by Azariah, Hananiah, and Daniel, who praise God and want everyone else to join them in prayer.

Other websites
 in the NAB
 in the NIV, a translation lacking this section for comparison.
Text and commentary in the NETBIBLE

Old Testament books
2nd-century BC works
The Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons, including for example azalea (Rhododendron), blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), grass tree (Dracophyllum), lúcuma (Pouteria lucuma), kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), and tea (Camellia sinensis). The order includes trees and bushes, lianas and herbaceous plants.

Many species have five petals, fused together. This was used to place the order in the subclass Sympetalae.

Mycorrhiza is often found in Ericales.

References
Whitehall is a city of Trempealeau County in the state of Wisconsin, United States.  It can be found along the Trempealeau River.  About 1,650 people were living in Whitehall as of 2000.  The cities of Arcadia, Independence, and Blair can be found nearby Whitehall.  It is the county seat of Trempealeau County.

References

Other websites
Whitehall Chamber of Commerce

County seats in Wisconsin
Cities in Wisconsin
Trempealeau County, Wisconsin
Arcadia is a city of Trempealeau County in the state of Wisconsin, United States.  Arcadia is found along the Trempealeau River.

People 
About 2,400 people were living in Arcadia as of 2000.

Cities in Wisconsin
Trempealeau County, Wisconsin
The Trempealeau River is a tributary of the Mississippi River in the western part of Wisconsin, United States.  That means it flows into the Mississippi River.  It is about 55 miles long.

Related pages
 List of rivers of Wisconsin

Rivers of Wisconsin
Godwin's Law (also known as Godwin's Rule of Nazi Analogies) is a saying made by Mike Godwin in 1990. The law states: "As a discussion on the Internet grows longer, the likelihood of a person/s being compared to Hitler or another Nazi, increases." That means that as more people talk on the Internet for a longer time, it becomes more and more likely that someone will talk about Hitler or the Nazis.

In 2019, Bret Stephens demonstrated both the Streisand Effect and Godwin’s Law, by publishing a column in the New York Times, where he compared his experience on Twitter to the plight of Jews under Hitler’s regime.

Related pages
 Association fallacy
 Troll (Internet)
 Infinite monkey theorem

References 

	

Internet
Nazism
De Wahl's rule is a rule of word formation, developed by the linguist Edgar de Wahl and applied in a constructed language Occidental (known also as "Interlingue") created by him. It is useful to create certain grammatical forms from others (for example substantives from verbs).

Rule 
Infinitives of verbs in the language Occidental have usually the ending -ar or -er. The root is obtained in the following manner: 
If, after removing -r or -er from the infinitive, the root finishes with a vowel, one should add -t or should change the ending y into t: crea/r, crea/t-, crea/t/or; atiny/er, atin/t, atin/t/ion
If the ending consonant of the root is d or r, one should change it into s: decid/er, deci/s-, deci/s/ion
in remaining cases, with six exceptions, the removing the ending gives the demanded root: duct/er, duct-, duct/ion.

These six exceptions are: 
 ced/er, cess-
 sed/er, sess-
 mov/er, mot-
 ten/er, tent-
 vert/er, vers-
 veni/r, vent-
and the verbs formed from them with prefixes.
Because the rule composes from three parts, it is often known as "three de Wahl's rules".

One creates the substantives and adjectives by removing the endings and thus obtaining the root. After adding -r or -er, one obtains an infinitive in a majority of cases: decora/t/ion, decora/t-, decora/r.

Application
This rule was applied in the language Occidental. After a possible modification one can apply this rule to create new forms of a word especially in Romance languages or in languages which borrowed vocabulary from Romance languages.

References
  Henry Jacob, Occidental (1922) by Edgar de Wahl 
  Henry Jacob, The Preparatory Work for an International Technical Terminology reprint of The British Steelmaker, December 1945

Linguistics
Constructed languages
The double-slit experiment in quantum mechanics is an experiment, which was first performed by physicist Thomas Young in 1801. It shows that light has both a wave nature or characteristic and a particle nature or characteristic, and that these natures are inseparable. So, light is said to have wave–particle duality rather than be only a wave or only a particle. The same is true for electrons and other quantum particles.

The experiment
The experiment 

The base version of this experiment is very simple. It requires only a double slit device like the one in the picture, something to hold the double slit device still, and a good laser such as the kind that is used by workmen to "draw" straight lines when they are building. The laser is supported so it can only be moved on purpose. It is aimed at the central point between the two slits from a point about one half meter away. Something like a movie screen or a smooth white wall is put up on the other side of the double slit device several meters away. When everything is fixed, a pattern of light and dark bands will show up.
Lasers can produce one or more photons when given a certain amount of electricity.  The photon or photons come out of a very small hole within a well known period of time. The speed of light is known, so the time the photons appear on the screen can be predicted. When photons are produced one at a time, what shows up on the screen are individual spots of light. If photons were waves then we would expect them to spread out as they travel and wash across a wide area of the screen, but that never happens. If photons were particles then we would expect them to appear at two points on the screen connected to the laser through the two slits in the middle. But that is not what happens either.
When Thomas Young did this experiment, he had no laser. He understood it by imagining light to be like waves of water. He thought that light waves moved out from the light source like waves spreading out from a pebble dropped into a pond, and that when the wave fronts hit the double slits, then the original wave gets through at the two slits and there are two different waves from then on. It was easy to figure out how two waves would interact to produce the bright bands and dark bands (often called "fringes") on the screen. He said he had proven the theory that light is waves.

But there were big problems. Light did not show up at the screen as waves that washed across it. Light came to be understood as swarms of photons that individually hit the detection screen. And, very surprisingly, a single photon could interfere with itself as though it were a single wave that fit the old wave description. It split into two waves at the double-slit device, and they then combined at the screen.

Importance to physics
The double-slit experiment became a classic thought experiment for its clear explanation of the central puzzles of quantum mechanics.

Importance to philosophy

The double-slit experiment has been of great interest to philosophers, because the quantum mechanical behavior it shows has forced them to rethink their ideas about classical concepts such as:
 "particles",
 "waves", 
 "location", 
 "movement from one place to another" and
 "observation".

Experience in the micro world of sub-atomic particles forces us to re-conceptualise some of our most ordinary ideas.

Other websites
  Quantum Physics explains the double slit experiment (cartoon from the movie "What the Bleep do we know?)
 Movie of double-slit experiment done with electrons. You can see single electrons hit the screen, and you can see the fringes build up over time.

References

Quantum_mechanics
Physics experiments
Features 
In ZoneAlarm, program access is controlled by way of "zones", into which all Computer networking connections are divided. The "trusted zone" generally includes the user's local area network and can share resources such as files and printers, while the "Internet zone" includes everything not in the trusted zone. The user can specify which "permissions" (trusted zone client, trusted zone server, Internet zone client, Internet zone server) to give to a program before it attempts to access the Internet (e.g. before running it for the first time) or, alternatively, ZoneAlarm will ask the user to give the program permission on its first access attempt.

True Vector Internet Monitor 
"True Vector Internet Monitor", also known as "TrueVector Security Engine", is the core of ZoneAlarm. It is a Windows service which runs as "vsmon.exe" in the processes list. This Monitors internet traffic and generates alerts for disallowed access.
Operating System Firewall 
Operating System Firewall, OSFirewall for short, is a feature in ZoneAlarm paid versions only. This monitors programs and generates alerts when they perform suspicious behaviors.

SmartDefense Advisor 
SmartDefense Advisor is a service only available in premium versions of ZoneAlarm that helps the user with certain types of alerts. This utilizes a large database of trusted program signatures in order to provide the user with further advice upon requests from the program in regards to allowing or denying access to the Internet.

Versions 

64-bit versions of the ZoneAlarm product line will be made available for Windows Vista in the first half of 2009.
ZoneAlarm Extreme: A comprehensive version of Internet Security Suite that includes ForceField. It is currently in undergoing beta testing, but is available for download.
ZoneAlarm: A freeware version which includes a web and local network firewall with outbound program control and port stealthing.
ZoneAlarm Pro: This offers a OS Firewall identity protection, pop-up ad blocker, adware detection, cookie blocker. It does not have Antivirus features.
ZoneAlarm Anti-Spyware: Includes all the features of ZoneAlarm Pro, as well as privacy and identity theft features.
ZoneAlarm Antivirus: Includes ZoneAlarm firewall and antivirus protection provided by Kaspersky Labs.
ZoneAlarm Internet Security Suite: Includes all the features of every product with additional IM security and an anti-spam filter engine provided by MailFrontier and a parental control. It is the most expensive ZoneAlarm product.
ZoneAlarm Force Field: A virtualization engine that shields the computer and personal data from Internet and computer-based threats. It includes several layers of protection to combat phishing, spyware and dangerous file downloads.

Discontinued versions 
ZoneAlarm Plus: Discontinued from late 2004 for having fewer features than ZoneAlarm Pro but selling for almost the same price.
ZoneAlarm Wireless Security: Discontinued on October 19, 2005, because its functions were included in all paid versions of ZoneAlarm from version 6 onwards.

References

Other websites 
Official ZoneAlarm Site 
Official ZoneAlarm Blog
Official ZoneAlarm User Forum 
ZoneAlarm Bugs 

Software
Antivirus software
Antivirus software (or anti-virus software) helps prevent access to a computer system by an unwanted computer malware. Viruses, worms or trojan horses can be used by criminals or mischievous people (called 'hackers'). They can steal information or damage system files. If no antivirus software is installed on the device, hackers will be able to access the information in the computer.

Types
There are many different types of antivirus software, and many antivirus programs that can be downloaded for free. These free antiviruses usually have some features missing, and the missing features are only available to those who buy the full version. Even still, many free antiviruses today have great virus scanning capabilities and can give people suitable internet security protections without the need to buying additional protections.