Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
John Albert Watts (later known as John K. Watts, 21 January 1937 – 3 June 2017) was an Australian rules football player and radio broadcaster and television personality. He was born in East Perth, Western Australia.

After the 1962 season had finished with East Perth Football Club, John received many good offers from the then Victorian Football League (now Australian Football League) clubs of St Kilda, Essendon, and Geelong. He went on to play for Geelong Football Club from 1963 until 1965 including their 1963 Premiership win over the Hawthorn Football Club. He retired in 1968. Watts later went on to actually own several of Perth's top radio stations and hotels.

In March 2008 he was inducted into the West Australian Football Hall of Fame.

Watts was diagnosed with bone cancer in 2011. He died from the disease on 3 June 2017 at the age of 80.

References

Other websites

"'Fair dinkum, unbelievable' loss" : John K. Watts on Davis
1937 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from bone cancer
Cancer deaths in Australia
Australian men's soccer players
Australian businesspeople
Australian radio personalities
Juan Goytisolo Gay (5 January 1931 – 4 June 2017) was a Spanish poet, essayist, and novelist. He lived in Marrakech from 1997 until his death in 2017. He was considered Spain's greatest living writer at the beginning of the 21st century, yet he lived abroad since the 1950s.

His younger brother was writer and political prisoner Luis Goytisolo.

Goytisolo was bisexual. He was married to screenwriter Monique Lange until her death in 1996.

On 24 of November of 2014 he was granted the Miguel de Cervantes Prize, the most prestigious literary award in the Spanish-speaking world.

Goytisolo died on 4 June 2017 at his Marrakech, Morocco home at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
  Official Page
 "Scourge of the New Spain", an article on Goytisolo from The Guardian
 Interview with Goytisolo from the Center for Book Culture
 Juan Goytisolo at the complete review - bibliography, evaluation, and links
 Fernanda Eberstadt, The Anti-Orientalist, The New York Times Magazine article, April 16, 2006
Juan Goytisolo, Voltaire and Islam, El País, 4 May 2006
 Juan Goytisolo, La historia se escibe en la plaza El País, 14 February 2011

1931 births
2017 deaths
Spanish poets
Spanish essayists
Spanish novelists
Bisexual people
LGBT poets
LGBT novelists
Writers from Barcelona
Maschwanden is a municipality in the district of Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Affoltern
Maur is a municipality in the district of Uster in the Swiss canton of Zurich.

References

Other websites

 Official Website of the municipality of Maur 

Municipalities in Uster
Altstetten is a quarter in district 9 of the city of Zürich in Switzerland. Until 1934 it was a municipality on its own. Then it was added to Zürich.

Former municipalities of Zürich
Quarters of Zürich
Albisrieden is a quarter in district 9 of the city of Zürich in Switzerland. Until 1934 it was a municipality of its own. It was then incorporated into Zürich.

It has 17,226 people and its area is 4.6 km².

Other websites

Former municipalities of Zürich
Quarters of Zürich
James Anthony "Jimmy" Piersall (November 14, 1929 – June 3, 2017) was an American baseball center fielder who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for five teams, from 1950 through 1967. He played for Boston Red Sox (1950, 1952–1958), Cleveland Indians (1959–1961), Washington Senators (1962–1963), New York Mets (1963) and for the California Angels (1963–1967).

After baseball, Piersall became the broadcaster for the Chicago White Sox from 1977 through 1981.

Piersall was best known for his well-publicized battle with bipolar disorder that became the subject of the book and movie Fear Strikes Out.

Piersall was born in Waterbury, Connecticut.

Piersall was selected to the American League All-Star team in 1954 and 1956. By the end of the 1956 season, in which he played all 156 games, he posted a league-leading 40 doubles, scored 91 runs, drove in 87, and had a .293 batting average. The following year, he hit 19 home runs and scored 103 runs.
Piersall moved to Chicago, Illinois in his later years. He died at under hospice carer in Wheaton, Illinois on June 3, 2017 from complications of a stroke at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
  
 profile and career chronology  Baseball Library
 "Jimmy Rounding First" Panorama – Extreme Photo Constructions

1929 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Boston Red Sox players
Texas Rangers players
Cleveland Indians players
New York Mets players
California Angels players
People with bipolar disorder
American radio personalities
Sportspeople from Connecticut
Sportspeople from Chicago
People from Waterbury, Connecticut
One Love Manchester was a charity concert and British television program on 4 June 2017. The concert was set up by Ariana Grande. The event took place at the Old Trafford Cricket Ground in Old Trafford in Greater Manchester, England. It aired live on BBC One in the United Kingdom.

The concert was attended by over 50,000 people. Guest stars included Justin Bieber, the Black Eyed Peas, Coldplay, Miley Cyrus, Marcus Mumford, Niall Horan, Little Mix, Katy Perry, Take That,  Imogen Heap, Pharrell Williams, Robbie Williams and Liam Gallagher.

Money from the event benefits the We Love Manchester Emergency Fund. The Emergency Fund was founded by Manchester City Council and the British Red Cross not long after the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing.

References

Other websites
 
 

2017 in entertainment
2017 in England
June 2017 events
2010s in Manchester
Anthonius Hubertus "Bart" Carlier (23 June 1929 – 4 May 2017) was a Dutch football player. He played eight seasons in France, winning league championships with AS Monaco in 1961 and 1963. Carlier appeared for the Dutch national team five times, scoring two goals.

Carlier died on 4 May 2017 in Strasbourg, France, aged 87.

References

Other websites
Profile at Netherlands federation official site
Voetbalstats.nl
weltfussball.de

1929 births
2017 deaths
Dutch footballers
People from Venlo
Sportspeople from Limburg (Netherlands)
Thomas James Kinsman (March 4, 1945 – May 15, 2017) was a United States Army soldier. He was known for being the recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

Kinsman died on May 15, 2017 in Toledo, Washington at the age of 72.

References

Other websites

1945 births
2017 deaths
Medal of Honor recipients
Purple Heart recipients
Military people from Washington (state)
Leonhard Nagenrauft (March 9, 1938 in Bischofswiesen – May 22, 2017 in Berchtesgaden) was a West German luger who competed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He won the silver medal in the men's singles event at the 1971 FIL World Luge Championships in Olang, Italy.

Nagenrauft also won two medals in the men's singles event at the FIL European Luge Championships with a gold in 1967 and a bronze in 1972.

Nagenrauft also competed in two Winter Olympics, earning his best finish of fifth in the men's singles event at Sapporo in 1972.

Nagenrauft died on May 22, 2017 at the age of 79.

References

Other websites
Hickok sports information on World champions in luge and skeleton.
List of European luge champions 
Sports-reference.com profile 
Wallechinsky, David. (1984). "Luge - Men's singles". The Complete Book of the Olympics: 1896-1980. New York: Penguin Books. p. 575.

1938 births
2017 deaths
German Olympians
Sportspeople from Bavaria
Lugers
Sir Gordon Charles Brunton (27 December 1921 – 30 May 2017) was a British businessman, publisher, racehorse owner and breeder. He was born in London.

Business career
Brunton served as Chief Executive of Thomson Newspapers & International Thomson Organisation Ltd (ITOL) Thomson Corporation from 1966-1984 during the Thomson period of global expansion. He retired from Thomson in 1985. Afterwards, he became chairman at Mercury Communications,  Cable and Wireless Communications PLC, Racing Post, Bemrose PLC, NXT PLC, Galahad Gold and others.

Death
Brunton died on 30 May 2017 in London at the age of 95.
More readings
 Sir Gordon Brunton, A Private Autobiography, Published London 2014.
 LSE Honorary Fellows London School of Economics http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/governanceAndCommittees/honoraryFellows.aspx 
Susan Goldenberg, The Thomson Empire: A Multi Billion Dollar Canadian Dynasty (Sidgwick & Jackson, London 1984)
Lord Thomson of Fleet Roy Thomson, After I Was Sixty: Autobiography (Collins, London 1964)
John Grigg, The History of the Times Volume V1 The Thomson Years 1966-1981 (Times Books, London 1993)
William Shawcross Murdoch: The Making of a Media Empire (Simon & Schuster, USA 1992)
Oliver Woods & James Bishop, The Story of The Times (Michael Joseph, London 1983)
Denis Hamilton Editor-in-Chief, Fleet Street Memoirs (Hamish Hamilton, London 1989)
Robert Lacey Sotherby’s: Bidding For Class (Little Brown, New York 1998)

References

1921 births
2017 deaths
Businesspeople from London
Bern Nix (September 21, 1947 – May 31, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist. He recorded and performed with Ornette Coleman from 1975-87, notably with guitarist Charlie Ellerbee in Coleman's Prime Time group on their key recordings, including Dancing in Your Head and In All Languages in 1987. Nix was voted among the top ten jazz guitarists poll by Down Beat magazine.

Nix died suddenly of a suspected heart attack at his New York City home on May 31, 2017, aged 69.

References

Other websites

1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American jazz musicians
American guitarists
Musicians from Toledo, Ohio
Chancelor Bennett (born April 16, 1993), known professionally as Chance the Rapper, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer and actor.

Early life
Chancelor Jonathan Bennett was born to a middle-class family in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Jones College Prep High School.

Music career

2011: Career beginnings and 10 Day
Following a 10-day suspension in early 2011 during his senior year for possessing marijuana on campus, Bennett recorded his first full-length project, a mixtape titled 10 Day.

2013–2015: Acid Rap and The Social Experiment

In 2013, Bennett began to gain recognition following the release of his second mixtape Acid Rap. Apart from his solo career, he is also a member of the Chicago collective SaveMoney (along with frequent collaborator Vic Mensa), and has worked as the lead vocalist for the band The Social Experiment. They released the widely lauded album Surf in May 2015.
2016–present: Coloring Book
In May 2016, Chance released his third mixtape Coloring Book. It earned him three Grammy Awards, including for Best Rap Album. Coloring Book was the first streaming-only album to ever receive and win multiple Grammy nominations ushering in a new era of streaming.

Activism
On March 6, 2017, after a bad meeting with Governor Bruce Rauner only days before, Bennett announced his plans to donate $1,000,000 to Chicago Public Schools in order to help offset the lack of government funding provided.

Personal life
In July 2015, Bennett announced that he was expecting his first child with his girlfriend Kirsten Corley, who he began to date in 2013. In September 2015, Corley gave birth to their first child, a daughter named Kensli. In May 2016, after they had stopped living together, Corley wanted the courts to declare Bennett as the father of their daughter, requiring him to pay child support.
In February 2017, Bennett's child support case reopened in an attempt to work out child support terms and a parenting schedule as Bennett and Corley moved to separate residences. On March 21, 2017, the dispute was settled out of court. Corley and Bennett reconciled. On July 4, 2018, they became engaged after 5 years together. The two married on March 9, 2019. Bennett is a Christian 16.9973.

Discography

Studio albums

Mixtapes

References

Other websites

 
 

1993 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American record producers
Christian music singers
American hip hop singers
American activists
Rappers from Illinois
Singer-songwriters from Chicago
American Christians
Grammy Award winners
21st-century American musicians
African-American singers
Philanthropists from Chicago
Emeritus is the title given to a professor who is retired. The term is also used for other occupations, most notably clergy, and presidents. Professors who are emeriti no longer need to fulfill all of their functions (such as teaching at a university), but they may still do so. Pope Benedict XVI retired on  11 February 2013, and was the first pope to do this in recent history. Today, he is Pope Emeritus. Benedict XVI was a professor at the University of Regensburg.

Titles
After the war in Afghanistan began in 2001, the Taliban started an insurgency, which is known as the Taliban insurgency. The Taliban started to attack the forces of ISAF and NATO, in Afghanistan, and committed many terrorist attacks.  In the conflict, the Taliban fight against the Afghan government and its allies. Al-Qaeda is linked to the Taliban. With this, the conflict in the region spread to Pakistan. The related conflict in Pakistan is the insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Because Afghanistan has seen a number of conflicts and wars in recent decades, its economy has changed, and many people depend on growing cash crops, such as poppy seeds which are used to produce illegal drugs such as opium, or heroin. Many people in Afghanistan do not think the problems are caused by the Taliban. Resolving the problem will therefore probably involve more effort than winning against the Taliban. It will also mean that there need to be changes in the economy, and the way in which the country is run.

Opium trade
Opium trade 

Currently, Afghanistan is one of the biggest producers of opium. While opium also has its uses as a regular drug, it is mainly used as an illegal drug. In 2001, Afghanistan produced only 11% of the world's opium, today it produces over ninety percent. In 2007, 93% of the non-pharmaceutical-grade opiates on the world market originated in Afghanistan. This amounts to an export value of about $4 billion; opium farmers earn about a quarter of this amount,  the rest goes to district officials, insurgents, warlords, and drug traffickers. The drug trade accounts for half of Afghanistan's GDP.
Estimates made in 2006 by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) estimate that 52% of the nation's GDP, or $2.7 billion annually, is generated by the drug trade.
Areas where the security situation is worse produce more Opium; areas that are more stable seem to produce less. Many farmers in rural areas depend on selling poppy seeds. Opium is more profitable than wheat and destroying opium fields could possibly lead to discontent or unrest among the affected population.  Some 3.3 million Afghans are involved in producing opium. For this reason, some people say that eradicating  poppy crops is not a viable option. Some poppy eradication programs have, however, proven effective, especially in the north of Afghanistan. The  opium poppy eradication program of Balkh Governor Ustad Atta Mohammad Noor between 2005 and 2007 successfully reduced poppy cultivation in Balkh Province from 7,200 hectares in 2005 to zero by 2007.

The Afghanistan Opium Risk Assessment 2013, issued by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, suggests that the Taliban has since 2008 been supporting farmers growing poppy, as a source of income for the insurgency.
The Taliban are not seen as a cause of the problem 
There have been wars and conflicts in Afghanistan for over thirty years. As a result, the country is among the poorest, and least developed countries in the world. It is also one of the most corrupt. Thirty-five percent of the poulation are unemployed, and more than half of the people live below the poverty line.
Western aid group Oxfam published an opinion poll they conducted in Afghanistan, in 2010. According to this poll, 83 percent of the Afghan population does not consider the Taliban to be militants. Poverty, unemployment and government corruption are seen as the main causes of war in their country. When  the U.S.-backed Afghan forces ousted the Taliban in late 2001, the level of violence increased. Nearly half of those surveyed said corruption and bad government were the main reasons for the ongoing war. Twelve percent said the Taliban insurgency was to blame.After the Taliban, the reason most people gave for the continued fighting was foreign interference, with twenty-five percent of respondents saying other countries were to blame.

2006 escalation
Since the start of 2006 Afghanistan has been facing a wave of attacks by improvised explosives and suicide bombers, particularly after NATO took command of the fight against insurgents in spring 2006.
Afghan President Hamid Karzai publicly condemned the methods used by the western powers. In June 2006 he said:

Insurgents were also criticized for their conduct. According to Human Rights Watch, bombing and other attacks on Afghan civilians by the Taliban (and to a lesser extent Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin), are reported to have "sharply escalated in 2006" with "at least 669 Afghan civilians were killed in at least 350 armed attacks, most of which appear to have been intentionally launched at civilians or civilian objects." 131 of insurgent attacks were suicide attacks which killed 212 civilians (732 wounded), 46 Afghan army and police members (101 wounded), and 12 foreign soldiers (63 wounded).

The United Nations estimated that for the first half of 2011, the civilian deaths rose by 15% and reached 1462, which is the worst death toll since the beginning of the war, despite the increase of foreign troops.

References

Insurgencies
Insurgency
2010s conflicts
Conflicts in 2020
Conflicts in 2021
Fruitarianism is a diet where people mostly eat fruits, and possibly nuts and seeds, without animal products. Fruitarianism is a strict of dietary veganism.

Fruitarians can become a fruitarian for different reasons, including ethical, religious, environmental, cultural, economic, and health reasons. There are many types of the diet. Some people whose diet consists of 75% or more fruit consider themselves fruitarians.
Definitions 
Some fruitarians will eat only what comes naturally from a plant: foods that can be harvested without killing or harming the plant. These foods consist primarily of culinary fruits, nuts, and seeds.  Some do not eat grains, believing it is unnatural to. Some fruitarians feel that humans shouldn't to eat seeds as they contain future plants,or nuts and seeds, or any foods besides juicy fruits. Others believe they should eat only plants that spread seeds when the plant is eaten. Others eat seeds and some cooked foods. Some fruitarians use  beans, peas, or other legumes. Other fruitarians' diets include raw fruits, dried fruits, nuts, honey and olive oil, or fruits, nuts, beans and chocolate.SO different  fruitarians do different things.
Motivation 
Some fruitarians who hold Judeo-Christian beliefs hold that fruitarianism was the original diet of humankind in the form of Adam and Eve, based on the Book of Genesis. They believe that a return to an Eden-like paradise will require simple living a health and diet.  Another common motivation is the desire to eliminate perceived toxicity within the body. For others, the appeal of a fruitarian diet comes from the challenge that the restrictive nature of this diet provides.

References 

Animal rights
Vegetarianism
Pteropods are free-swimming pelagic sea snails and sea slugs. They are marine opisthobranch gastropods.  

Are they a natural group? The monophyly of Pteropoda is the subject of debate.   At present, by molecular studies, the group is monophyletic.

Pteropoda has  two clades Thecosomata, the sea butterflies, and Gymnosomata, the sea angels. The Thecosomata have a shell, while the Gymnosomata  ("naked body") do not. The two clades may or may not be sister taxa. If not, their similarity  may reflect adaptation to their particular lifestyle.

All are pelagic, small, and transparent, and swim using wing-like flaps (parapodia) which protrude from their bodies.

 Thecosomata:  "sea butterflies"
 Gymnosomata:  "sea angels"

The name "sea slug" is most often applied to nudibranchs, as well as to other marine gastropods without obvious shells.

References 

Gastropods
Micro black holes are very small black holes. Because they are small, they may shrink and disappear due to Hawking radiation. They may exist in nature as primordial black holes.

Detection 
If a micro black hole decays, it would create particles that we could see. The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is looking for gamma rays that might come from micro black holes in outer space.

Man-made black holes 
If two particles with enough energy collide, they may create a black hole. Some scientists think the LHC can create one.

Safety 
If the LHC did create a micro black hole, it would disappear immediately, and would not be dangerous. Cosmic rays hitting the Earth's atmosphere may already create these. If dangerous micro black holes are created by cosmic rays, then the Earth would already be damaged. Because the Earth is not damaged by black holes, scientists think they are not dangerous. This thought is like the Anthropic principle.

References

Cosmology
Quantum mechanics
Black holes
A plasma lamp is a type of gas discharge lamp that is filled with different gases. It uses dielectric barrier discharge, which is also known as plasma discharge. Nikola Tesla invented it to study the properties of plasma, in 1892. He obtained a patent in 1894. Tesla called the lamp Inert Gas Discharge Tube.

Plasma globe lamps were popular in the 1980s.

Physics
A hacker koan is a funny short story about computer science. Hackers like the artificial intelligence (AI) group at MIT made the term. A book called the Jargon File has many koans called AI Koans. Most koans are not the same as kōans in Zen Buddhism, but both kinds of koans are short, mysterious, and have a hidden meaning.

Examples

Uncarved block

Like Zen koans, this might have a real and correct answer. In the story, the room is not really empty when Minsky shuts his eyes, and the neural network might still have assumed something when it is randomly set up. The assumptions are random instead of from a human, but they still exist.

This story may be from a real story from Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (chapter 6):

Victory

A story like this is in The Tao of Programming.

Enlightenment
Tom Knight might have written this. He helped make the Lisp machine at MIT:

This means that a simple idea can be the right idea.
Emacs and Bolio
This koan is sometimes called an "ice cream koan". The word "koan" sounds like "cone" in the phrase "ice cream cone", so the name is a pun. There is another "ice cream koan" in The Dharma Bums. This koan talks about AI lab tools from before the GNU project:

(The store is named after two homeless men.)

Books of koans
Eric S. Raymond put the first AI Koans in a book called Hacker's Jargon Dictionary. He says that Danny Hillis created them when he was a student at MIT.

The Codeless Code is a different book about software engineers at big businesses instead of unix hackers. The stories in it are like traditional Zen koans. Every character is made-up, and most are masters and monks in a place like the Far East. The stories talk about things like making software. The name comes from a book called The Gateless Gate.

Notes

Other websites
Jargon File Koans compiled by Eric S. Raymond
The Unix Koans of Master Foo compiled by Eric S. Raymond

Computer science
Humor
Arin Joseph Hanson (born January 6, 1987), also called Egoraptor, is an American Internet celebrity, animator, cartoonist, comedian, voice actor, songwriter, and rapper. He is known for his popular Internet animations, for the popular YouTube Let's Play show Game Grumps, and for the video game parody band Starbomb.

Career 
Hanson has worked on many things other than Game Grumps:

Internet animation series 
 The Awesome Series - makes fun of video games like Pokémon, Metal Gear, Ninja Gaiden, and Final Fantasy
 Sequelitis - an animated comedy video game review series comparing two different games in a series in a funny way.

Voice acting 
 Shows and animations
 Rick and Morty
 Mighty Magiswords
 Cyanide & Happiness
 Video games
 Dragon Age: Inquisition
 Detective Grimoire.

Music 
Hanson often works with Starbomb band members from Ninja Sex Party, Dan Avidan and Brian Wecht. He sings guest vocals for their music and appears in their videos.

References
References

1987 births
Living people
American YouTubers
American cartoonists
American voice actors
Actors from Florida
Writers from Florida
American songwriters
The Ñuble Province () was one of the provinces of the Chilean region of Bío Bío (VIII). The provincial capital was the city of Chillán.

It was the second province in area in the Bío Bío region, after the Bío Bío province, and the second with more people living in it, after the Concepción province.

The province was created in 1974, as the historical province of Ñuble was supressed by the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. In 2018 the province was converted in the Ñuble Region.

Geography
The Ñuble province is in the northern part of the Bío Bío region with an area of . The capital, Chillán, is at about  from Santiago, the national capital.

Ñuble is bordered to the north by the Maule region (Cauquenes and Linares provinces), to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Bío Bío province and to the west by the Concepción province and the Pacific Ocean.
Administration
As a province, Ñuble was a second-level administrative division, consisting of 21 communes (comunas). The city of Chillán served as the provincial capital. The province was administered by a governor.

Related pages
 Provinces of Chile

References

Other websites
 Territorial division of Chile 
 Gobierno Regional del Bío Bío Official website 
 Province of Ñuble website  

Provinces of Chile
Bío Bío Region
La Défense () is an area in the Paris Metropolitan Area of Île-de-France, located in the Hauts-de-Seine French department, just west of Paris. It is the largest business district in Europe and is home to 19 skyscrapers and more than 50 other buildings made of glass and steel. The area is 1.6 km2 (560 hectares) big. About 25,000 people live in La Défense, and another 180,000 people work there. Over 8 million tourists visit La Défense every year.

To get there, one can start at the Louvre or Arc de Triomphe and head west along the Axe historique (Historical Axis) along the Champs-Élysées and Avenue de la Grande Armée. La Défense is at the other end of the axis and has a monument called Grande Arche. It can also be reached by Paris Métro Line 1, RER Line A, tram T2 run by the RATP, and by SNCF trains, which all stop at an underground railway station called Gare de La Défense.

Further reading 
 Paris La Défense

Paris
Hauts-de-Seine
Matthias was the apostle who replaced Judas Iscariot. This was stated in the Acts of the Apostles. Unlike the other apostles, his appointment was not made personally by Jesus.

After the betrayal of Judas, the disciples of Jesus needed to choose a new apostle. To do this they nominated 2 men - Joseph Barsabbas and Matthias.

1st-century births
80s deaths
Twelve Apostles
Early Christian saints
Oedipina maritima (commonly known as the maritime worm salamander) is a species of worm salamander that lives on the island of Escudo de Veraguas. It has no natural predators, as only a few animals live on the island, but it is endangered due to deforestation.

Population 
There are only eight known adult specimens and two clutches of eggs.

Threats 
The only threat to the salamander is deforestation.

References

Salamanders
Animals of North America
Boys' Life is a magazine made by the Boy Scouts of America. It was first published in 1911.

There are two versions of Boys' Life. The first version is made for the youngest members of Cub Scouting. These are the 6-to-10-year-old Cub Scouts and first-year Webelos Scouts (a rank in Cub Scouts). The second version is made for 11-to-18-year-old boys, which includes second-year Webelos through 18-year-old Boy Scouts, Varsity Scouts and Venturers. The publisher picks which version to send by looking at if the subscriber is in Cub Scouts or Boy Scouts.

In June 2007, Boys' Life earned four Distinguished Achievement Awards from the Association of Educational Publishers (AEP). One of those awards is　Periodical　of the Year.

The magazine's mascot is Pedro the Mailburro, who answers readers' letters. Boys' Life has a comic strip about Pedro.

References

Scouting
American magazines
Boys' Life is a magazine made by the Boy Scouts of America.  

Boys' Life, Boy's Life or Boys Life may also mean:

 Boys Life (band), a band from Kansas City, Missouri, from 1993 to 1997
 Boy's Life (Japanese magazine), a magazine written in Japanese that was made from 1963 to 1969 in Japan by Shogakukan
 Boy's Life (novel), 1991 novel by American writer Robert McCammon
 Boys Life (movie), a group of three short films made in 1995
Babatunde Osotimehin (6 February 1949 – 4 June 2017) was a Nigerian public servant and United Nations official.

Osotimehun was appointed on 19 November 2010 as the new Executive Director of UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund, for a four-year term. He was reappointed to this position on 21 August 2014. 
He assumed the position on 1 January 2011 and became the organisation's fourth Executive Director. He held the rank of Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations. Before, he was Nigeria's Minister of Health. He left this office in March 2010 when Acting President Goodluck Jonathan dissolved his cabinet.

References

1949 births
2017 deaths
Nigerian politicians
United Nations officials
People from Ogun State
Roger LaVerne Smith (December 18, 1932 – June 4, 2017) was an American television and movie actor, singer and screenwriter. He starred in the television detective series 77 Sunset Strip and in the comedy series Mister Roberts. Smith, who went on to manage the career of Ann-Margret, his wife of 50 years.

Smith was born in South Gate, California. He studied at the University of Arizona. In an interview with The New York Post, Ann-Margret said that he had Parkinson's disease. Smith died of complications from Parkinson's disease at the Sherman Oaks Hospital in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles on June 4, 2017 at the age of 84.

References

Other websites

1932 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American screenwriters
Actors from Los Angeles County, California
Singers from Los Angeles County, California
Writers from Los Angeles County, California
Zhang Tianfu (,  21 September 1910 – 4 June 2017) was a Chinese agronomist and expert in tea processing, known for promoting processing of oolong.

In 1936, he introduced the tea processing machines from Japan, facilitating the automation of the domestic tea industry. From 1942 to 1944, he resumed teaching at Fukien Christian University.

He was targeted at the start of the Anti-Rightist Movement and subsequently was exiled to Chong'an until 1962. The Cultural Revolution followed, and Zhang was exiled to Shouning. Despite his exile, Zhang continued scientific research. He was rehabilitated in 1980.

References

1910 births
2017 deaths
Chinese educators
Chinese centenarians
Scientists from Shanghai
In mathematics, a fixed-point theorem is a theorem that a mathematical function has a fixed point. At that fixed point, the function's input and output are equal.

This concept is not one theorem itself; it is a way to describe many other theorems.

List of fixed-point theorems 
 Atiyah–Bott fixed-point theorem
 Banach fixed-point theorem
 Borel fixed-point theorem
 Browder fixed-point theorem
 Brouwer fixed-point theorem
 Caristi fixed-point theorem
 Diagonal lemma, also called the fixed-point lemma, for making logical sentences that describe themselves.
 Fixed-point lemma for normal functions
 Fixed-point property
 Injective metric space
 Kakutani fixed-point theorem
 Kleene fixpoint theorem
 Knaster–Tarski theorem
 Lefschetz fixed-point theorem
 Nielsen fixed-point theorem
 Poincaré–Birkhoff theorem proves that a function has two fixed points
 Ryll-Nardzewski fixed-point theorem
 Schauder fixed-point theorem
 Topological degree theory
 Tychonoff fixed-point theorem

Mathematical theorems
In linguistics, inversion is when the words in a sentence are in a different order than normal. The most common kind of inversion in English is subject–auxiliary inversion, which happens when an auxiliary verb (like do) changes places with its subject. It usually happens in questions like Are you coming?. In this example, the subject you is switched with the verb are. In many other languages, like languages with a freer word order than English, inversion can also happen with more verbs (not just auxiliaries) and other kinds of words.
Linguistics
Helen Dunmore FRSL  (12 December 1952 – 5 June 2017) was a British poet, novelist and children's writer. She was born in Yorkshire, Northern England. She was known for her novel Zennor in Darkness (1993).

In 2017, Dunmore published her last book, Birdcage Walk, before writing an article about mortality for the Guardian after she was diagnosed with cancer. She died on 5 June 2017 in Bristol, aged 64.

References

Other websites
 HarperCollins Canada site 

1952 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in England
English poets
English novelists
English children's writers
Writers from Yorkshire
People from Beverley
Northern England, also known as the North of England, North Country or simply the North, is the northern part of England. People have different ideas about which parts of England are in Northern England, but it usually includes the counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, County Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire, as well as parts of Lincolnshire. There are big cities in Northern England, but there are also large mountains and lakes. The biggest Northern cities are Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Sheffield.

Northern England has a long history: it was where many battles between England and Scotland were fought, and it was the place where the Industrial Revolution began. Nowadays, most of the industry is gone and Northern England is poorer than Southern England. However, Northern England still has its own culture and way of speaking, and many Northerners are proud of the region.
Area
The area roughly spans from the River Trent to the Scottish border in the north. However, people disagree about where the southern border is. Some people say Northern England starts near Birmingham, while some people say it only starts at the River Tees. The government says that Northern England is made up of three statistical regions: the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber. These have a combined population of around 14.9 million as of the 2011 Census and an area of 37,331 km2 (14,414 sq mi).

Geography
Northern England contains much of England's national parkland but also has large areas of urbanization, including the conurbations of Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Teesside, Tyneside, Wearside, South and West Yorkshire.

More readings

References

Other websites

 

Regions of England
, formerly , was a Japanese Buddhist nun, writer and activist.<ref name="aeon">Harding, Christopher. [http://www.aeonmagazine.com/world-views/christopher-harding-psychoanalysis-buddhism  Couched In Kindness: "Jakucho Setouchi: a revered nun and famous novelist "]  Aeon Magazine. .</ref> Setouchi was known for her biographical novels written as first-person narratives. She is known for her 1998 translation of The Tale of Genji.

She was awarded the Women's Literary Prize in 1963 for Natsu no Owari.

Setouchi died of heart failure in Kyoto, Japan, on 9 November 2021, at the age of 99.

Prizes
 1962 Women's Literature Prize for Natsu no Owari 1992 Tanizaki Prize for Hana ni Toe 2001 Noma Prize in literature for Basho 2006 Order of Culture of Japan
Works
 Joshidaisei Chu Airin (1957) Qu Ailing the Coed—received the Shinchosha Coterie Magazine Award
 Miren (1963) Lingering Affections Kiji (1963) Pheasant translated by Robert Huey in 
 Beauty in Disarray translated by Sanford Goldstein and Kazuji Ninomiya 
 Natsu no owari (1963?) The End of Summer translated by Janine Beichman .  A collection of linked stories detailing her own adulterous affair.
 Hana ni toe (1992?) Ask the Blossoms, a novelized biography of the classical poet-priest Saigyo.
 Basho (2001) Places''

References

Other websites
 J'Lit | Authors : Jakucho Setouchi | Books from Japan

1922 births
2021 deaths
Japanese writers
Buddhists
Japanese activists
Cheick Ismaël Tioté (; 21 June 1986 – 5 June 2017) was an Ivorian footballer. He played as a defensive midfielder. He played in Europe for Dutch team FC Twente and English club Newcastle United before moving to China to represent Beijing Enterprises.  He won the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations with the Ivory Coast national team. 

On 5 June 2017, Tioté died in Beijing, China after suffering from cardiac arrest in training, aged 30.

References

Other websites
 Kicker Profile

1986 births
2017 deaths
Ivorian footballers
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Anna Jókai (Hungarian: Jókai Anna) (24 November 1932 – 5 June 2017) was a Hungarian author, poet and teacher. She began her writing career in 1974 and, during the 1980s, she participated in the Hungarian liberation movement. Between 1990 and 1992, she was the chairperson of the Hungarian Writers' Union.

Awards
In 1994 and 2014, she received the Hungarian Kossuth Award.

Bibliography
Kötél nélkül, 1969
A labda, 1971/1994
Napok,1972/2001
Mindhalálig, 1974
A feladat , 1977/1996
Szegény Sudár Anna, 1989/1999
Ne féljetek , 1998
Bölcsek és Pásztorok, 2006

References

Other websites

1932 births
2017 deaths
Hungarian novelists
Hungarian poets
Hungarian educators
Writers from Budapest
Nnedi Okorafor (full name: Nnedimma Nkemdili Okorafor; also known as Nnedi Okorafor-Mbachu; born April 8, 1974) is a Nigerian-American writer. She writes fantasy  and science fiction.
Background and personal life 
Okrafor was born in the United States. Her parents are members of the  Igbo group from Nigeria. She has visited Nigeria many times since she was very young. While she studied Homewood-Flossmoor High School in Flossmoor, Ill., Okorafor was a good tennis player and did very well studying science. Later, she found out she had scoliosis. This condition and surgery to fix it ended Okorafor's student athletic career. It made it difficult for her to walk. She started writing as a hobby while she recovered from surgery. Her novels and stories show both her West African life and her American life. In 2001 Okorafor graduated of the Clarion Writers Workshop in Lansing, Michigan. She earned a PhD in English from the University of Illinois, Chicago. She is an associate professor of creative writing and literature at the University at Buffalo (SUNY). She lives in both Buffalo and Olympia Fields, Illinois with her family.
Writing and awards 
Okorafor received a 2001 Hurston-Wright literary award for her story "Amphibious Green."  She then published two books for young adults, The Shadow Speaker (Hyperion/Disney Book Group) and Zahrah the Windseeker (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt). Zahrah won the Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa.  The Shadow Speaker was a winner of the Carl Brandon Parallax Award, a Booksense Pick for Winter 2007/2008, a Tiptree Honor Book, Okorafor's children's book Long Juju Man was the 2007–08 winner of the Macmillan Writer's Prize for Africa.

Okorafor's first novel for adults, Who Fears Death (DAW/Penguin Books), won the 2011 World Fantasy Award for Best Novel, was a 2011 Tiptree Honor Book and was nominated for the 2010 Nebula Award.
Okorafor's short stories have been published in books and magazines, including Dark Matter: Reading The Bones, Strange Horizons, Moondance magazine, and Writers of the Future Volume XVIII. A collection of her stories, called Kabu Kabu, was published by Prime Books in 2013. It includes the story Kabu Kabu that she wrote with Alan Dean Foster. Whoopi Goldberg wrote the foreword to the book.

Writing
Young Adult—writing as Nnedi Okorafor-Mbachu 
 Zahrah the Windseeker (2005, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt; paperback 2008, Graphia/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt)
 The Shadow Speaker (2007, Hyperion/Disney)

Children— writing as Nnedi Okorafor
 Long Juju Man (2009, Macmillan Africa)
 Iridessa and the Secret of the Never Mine (2012, Disney Books)

Young Adult—writing as Nnedi Okorafor
 Akata Witch (2011, Viking/Penguin) (Published as What Sunny Saw in the Flames in Nigeria and the UK by Cassava Republic Press)
 Akata Witch 2: Akata Warrior (2017, upcoming)
 The Man (to be published in Nigeria)
Adult—writing as Nnedi Okorafor
 Who Fears Death (2010, DAW/Penguin)
 "Hello, Moto" (2011, A Tor.Com Original short story)
 "Moom!" short story in "AfroSF: Science Fiction by African Writers" (2012, Storytime)
 Kabu Kabu (2013, Prime Books)
 Lagoon (2014, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd.) (2015, Saga Press/Simon & Schuster)
 The Book of Phoenix (2015, DAW/Penguin/PRH) (prequel of Who Fears Death)
 Binti (2015, Tor.com)
 Binti 2: Home (2017, Tor.com)

Films
 Brave New Souls: Black Sci-Fi & Fantasy Writers of the 21st Century (2013) – Herself

References
References

Other websites
Nnedi Okorafor Home Page
Mikki Kendall, Profile: "A Nigerian Sorceress Makes Her Way", Publishers Weekly, April 12, 2010
Donna Freitas, "Weapons of Mass Creation", New York Times review of The Shadow Speaker, July 13, 2008 
Nebula Awards Guest Blog: Is Africa Ready for Science Fiction by Nnedi Okorafor
Review of Zahrah the Windseeker by Gary K. Wolfe
"Stephen King's Super-Duper Magical Negroes" by Okorafor-Mbachu 
"From the Lost Diary of TreeFrog7" (short story), Clarkesworld Magazine, May 2009
Stories by Okorafor at AfricanWriter.com
"If It Scares You, Write It: A Conversation with Nnedi Okorafor" (interview), Clarkesworld Magazine, December 2009

2010 Audio Interview on the Geek's Guide to the Galaxy Podcast

1974 births
Living people
American science fiction writers
African American writers
People from Olympia Fields, Illinois
Writers from Illinois
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (14 June 1736-23 August 1806) was a French physicist, known for his research on the properties of electricity. He also did research on the friction of fluids. Today, the SI unit for electric charge, the coulomb is named after him. He is one of the 72 people to have his name written on the Eiffel Tower in Paris.

References

French physicists
1736 births
1806 deaths
Writing letters is a way of communication with others. In the ancient period, kings and the main officials used letters to inform or welcome the other regions king. It even helped the people to communicate easily. They are sometimes tied to the legs of a well trained pigeon or an eagle or any kind of a bird. The are even used in some movies like The Mummy, Bahubali and much more. But now not many people use because of the improved technology.

Human communication
Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station (ドーム前千代崎駅, どーむまえちよざきえき) is a railway station of Osaka Municipal Subway in Nishi-ku, Osaka, Japan. There is Dome-mae Station(ドーム前駅, どーむまええき) which Hanshin Electric Railway possess near Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station.

This is the nearest station to Kyocera Dome Osaka.

Adjacent stations 
Osaka Municipal Subway
  Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line
 Taisho (N11) Dome-mae Chiyozaki (N12) - Nishi-Nagahori (N13)
 Hanshin Electric Railway
 Hanshin Namba Line
 Rapid Express, Semi-Express, Suburban Semi-Express, Local
 Kujo (HS44) Dome-mae (HS33) - Sakuragawa (HS42)

Other websites
 
 
 Dome-mae Chiyozaki Station （Station guide） - Osaka Municipal Subway
 Dome-mae Station (Station guide) - Hanshin Electric Railway
 Kyocera Dome Osaka（Official site） - Osaka City Dome

Railway stations in Osaka Prefecture
Meilen is a city in the Swiss canton of Zurich. It is the capital in the district of Meilen.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Meilen
Cities in Switzerland
Mettmenstetten (Swiss German: Mättmischtette or Mättmi) is a municipality of the district of Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities in Affoltern
The Reuss is a river in Switzerland. The length is . The drainage basin is . It is the fourth largest river in Switzerland (after the Rhine, Aare and Rhône).

The upper Reuss forms the main valley of the canton of Uri. The course of the lower Reuss runs from Lake Lucerne to where it connects with the Aare at Brugg.

References

Rivers of Switzerland
Lake Thun () is a  Alpine lake in the Bernese Oberland in Switzerland named by the city of Thun. It is on the northern shore.

The 2,500 km² catchment area often causes local flooding after heavy rainfalls. This occurs because the river Aare, which drains Lake Thun, can only hold some of the extra runoff. The lake is fed by water from Lake Brienz to the southeast, which is 6 metres higher than Lake Thun. It is also fed by various streams in the Oberland, including the Kander.

Other websites

 Lake Thun Tourism Portal

Thun
Thun
Gerzensee is a lake in the Canton of Berne, Switzerland. The surface area is .

It gives the name to the village of Gerzensee.

Other websites
 

Lakes of Bern
The Schleuse is a river of Thuringia, Germany.

Geography of Thuringia
Rivers of Germany
Mönchaltorf is a municipality of the district Uster in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

History
It also holds the record for the longest Apfel Strudel.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Uster
Bigge is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It flows into the Lenne in Finnentrop.

Geography of North Rhine-Westphalia
Rivers of Germany
Weil am Rhein () is an German town of the district Lörrach in the state of Baden-Württemberg. It is on the east bank of the river Rhine. It is close to where the Swiss, French and German borders meet.

References

Other websites

Lörrach (district)
Ballersdorf is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
In English, an Auxiliary verb is a verb that changes or helps another verb. Auxiliary means "extra" or "different". Auxiliary verbs like do can be used to make a question. These verbs are usually used with other verbs.

Basic examples
Below are some sentences that use auxiliary verbs from English, Spanish, German, and French, with the auxiliary verb in bold:

a. Do you want tea? – do is an auxiliary verb that changes the main verb want to make a question – see do-support.

b. He has given his all. – has is an auxiliary used to say the perfect form of give.

c. He cogido tu lápiz. – he is an auxiliary accompanying the main verb coger, used here to make a compound verb, the perfect present of the verb coger.
(I) have grabbed your pencil = 'I have taken your pencil.'

d. Das wurde mehrmals gesagt. – wurde 'became' is an auxiliary used to make the passive voice in German.
That became many times said = 'That was said many times.'
e. Sie ist nach Hause gegangen. – ist 'is' is an auxiliary used with movement verbs to make the perfect tense in German.
She is to home gone = 'She went home/She has gone home.'

f. J'ai vu le soleil. – ai 'have' is an auxiliary verb used to make the perfect tense/aspect in French.
I have seen the sun = 'I have seen the sun/I saw the sun.'

f. Nous sommes hébergés par un ami. – sommes 'are' is an auxiliary verb used to make the passive voice in French.
We are hosted by a friend.

These auxiliaries help make a question, show tense, or make passive voice. Auxiliaries like these usually appear with a normal verb that carries the main meaning of that part of the sentence.

References

Grammar
Alkmaar is a city in North Holland in the Netherlands. In 2019, 108,582 people lived there.

On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Graft-De Rijp and Schermer were merged into the municipality of Alkmaar.

Other websites
Neerach is a municipality in the district Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Municipalities in Dielsdorf
Gelderner Fleuth is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It flows into the Niers near Geldern.

Geography of North Rhine-Westphalia
Rivers of Germany