Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Kari Elizabeth Byron (born December 18, 1974) is an American television host. She is best known as a presenter for the Discovery Channel show MythBusters and Netflix's White Rabbit Project. She has also appeared in Head Rush and Crash Test World. She was born in Santa Clara County, California.

References

Other websites

1974 births
Living people
Television personalities from California
The Council of Representatives (; , Enjumen-e Nûnerên) is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Iraq. As of 2020, it comprises 329 seats and meets in Baghdad inside the Green Zone.

As a result of the ongoing 2019 Iraqi protests, the Council of Representatives approved a new law on 24 December 2019 which aims to make it easier for independent politicians to win a seat in the Council of Representatives.

References

Organisations based in Iraq
Ghaida Kambash (1974 – 10 July 2020) was an Iraqi politician. She was born in Baghdad. She was three times in a row elected to the Iraqi parliament. She campaigned shortly before her death for a reform of the education system.

Kambash died in Baghdad on 10 July 2020, aged 46 due to COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq.

References

1974 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq
Iraqi politicians
Abdelmajid Tlemçani (30 November 1937 – 8 July 2020) was a Tunisian footballer. Tlemçani played for Espérance Sportive de Tunis and the Tunisian national team. He is the father of footballer Zied Tlemçani. Tlemçani scored the highest number of goals in the Tunisian League.

Tlemçani died on 8 July 2020, aged 82.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Tunisian footballers

Sportspeople from Tunis
Manuel Moroun (June 5, 1927 – July 12, 2020) was an American billionaire businessman. He was the owner of CenTra, Inc, which controls the Ambassador Bridge, the international crossing connecting Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario. A 2008 Forbes article listed him as the 321st richest American.

Moroun died of congestive heart failure on July 12, 2020 in Detroit, aged 93.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
American billionaires
Businesspeople from Detroit
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Grosse Pointe Shores is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The city's population was 3,008 at the 2010 census.

References

Cities in Michigan
Ramón Escobar Santiago (14 March 1937 – 8 July 2020) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the People's Party. From 1979 to 1981, he was Vice President of the Diputación Provincial de Segovia. Escobar Santiago was Mayor of Segovia from 1991 until 1999. He was born in Valencia, Spain.

Escobar Santiago died on 8 July 2020 in Segovia, aged 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Spanish mayors
John Leonard Ah Kit (22 July 1950 – 12 July 2020) was an Australian Labor Party politician. He was the Labor member for Arnhem in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1995 to 2005. Kit was born in Alice Springs, Northern Territory.

Kit died on 12 July 2020 in Darwin, Northern Territory at the age of 69.

References

1950 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from the Northern Territory
Debendra Nath Roy (1955 – 13 July 2020) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Hemtabad in 2016 as a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and later joined Bharatiya Janata Party.

Roy was found dead on 13 July 2020, hanging in front of a shop at Balia More, Raiganj. His family claimed that the death was not a suicide.

References

1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from asphyxiation
Indian communist politicians‎
Politicians from West Bengal
Club Atlético Brown (mostly known as Brown de Adrogué) is an Argentine football club from the Adrogué neighborhood in Greater Buenos Aires. The team currently plays in Primera B Nacional, the second division of the Argentine football league system.

Other websites
Club website  
La Hora Tricolor  

Football clubs in Buenos Aires
Micro-Star International Co., Ltd (MSI; ) is a Taiwanese multinational information technology corporation headquartered in New Taipei City, Taiwan. It designs, develops and provides computer hardware.

The company has a primary listing on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and was created in August 1986.

References

Other websites 

 

Technology companies of Asia

Companies of Taiwan
Karrar Ibrahim (, 19 September 1994 – 9 July 2020) was an Iraqi footballer. He played for Al-Talaba in the Iraqi Premier League. as a goalkeeper.

He represented Iraq at the 2016 AFC U-23 Championship. He was a squad member without playing at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Karrar was found dead in his car on a street in Baghdad on 10 July 2020 after having a heart attack.

References

Iraqi footballers
1994 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Chuck Hulse (October 3, 1927 – July 13, 2020) was an American racecar driver. He was born in Anaheim, California. Hulse raced in the USAC Championship Car series in the 1959–1964 and 1966–1968 seasons, with 60 career starts, including the Indianapolis 500 races in 1962, 1963, 1966 and 1967.  

On July 13, 2020, Hulse died, aged 93.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
American racecar drivers
Sportspeople from California
People from Anaheim, California
Roger Simons (1927 – July 2020) was a Belgian journalist, reporter and correspondent. Simons was the correspondent of the BRT, (later named BRTN and VRT) between 1961 and 2002. He was also the correspondent for the Dutch newspaper Leidsche Courant. 

He retired in 1992.. He became an Officer of the Order of Leopold III after his retirement in 1992. He was born in Antwerp, Belgium.

Simons died in London in July 2020, aged 93.

References

Belgian journalists
1927 births
2020 deaths
People from Antwerp
Madelaine Grobbelaar Petsch (born August 18, 1994) is an American actress.  She is known for playing Cheryl Blossom in The CW series Riverdale. Her movie credits include F the Prom (2017) and Polaroid (2019). She also has a YouTube channel, with over five million subscribers.

Petsch was born in Port Orchard, Washington. Her parents are from South Africa. She is a vegan.

References

Other websites

1994 births
Living people
Actors from Washington (state)
American movie actors
American television actors
South African actors
American YouTubers
was a Japanese pop singer. He was best known for performing theme songs for several installments of the Digimon anime television series. His best known singles were "Butter-Fly", the theme song of the anime Digimon Adventure. 

His nickname is "Immortal Butterfly Anisong Singer" (不死蝶のアニソンシンガー).

On April 3, 2016, Wada died suddenly from nasopharynx cancer-related problems in Tokyo, aged 42.

References

1974 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from nasopharynx cancer
Japanese singers
Billy Tang Hin-Shing () (died 2 July 2020) was a Hong Kong movie director. He began working as an assistant director for Asia Television. He was known for directing Dr. Lamb, Those Were the Days... and Dial D for Demons.

Tang died of nasopharynx cancer on 2 July 2020, aged 69.

References

Other websites

Chinese movie directors
1951 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from nasopharynx cancer
Zeng Yi (; March 8, 1929 – July 13, 2020) was a Chinese virologist. He was a professor at Beijing University of Technology and a researcher at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. In 1993, he became a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In October 2002, he became the founding dean of the College of Life Science and Bioengineering of Beijing University of Technology. 

Zeng died of an illness in Beijing on July 13, 2020, at the age of 91.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
Chinese scientists
Virologists
Green Grass of Wyoming is a 1948 American romantic western drama movie directed by Louis King and was based on the novel of the same name by Mary O'Hara. It stars Peggy Cummins, Charles Coburn, Robert Arthur, Lloyd Nolan, Burl Ives, Richard Garrick and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1949.

References

Other websites
 
 

1948 romantic drama movies
1940s Western (genre) movies
American romantic drama movies
American Western (genre) movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Louis King
Movies set in Ohio
Movies set in Wyoming
A volvulus is when a loop of intestine twists around itself and the mesentery that supports it, resulting in a bowel obstruction. Symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, vomiting, constipation, and bloody stool. This causes the blood flow to part of the intestine is cut off.

References

Medical emergencies
Otto (; 27 April 1848 – 11 October 1916) was King of Bavaria from 1886 until his death. He never actively ruled because of schizophrenia. His uncle, Luitpold, and his cousin, Ludwig, were regents.

Otto was the son of Maximilian II and his wife, Marie of Prussia, and the younger brother of Ludwig II.

Otto died from volvulus at Fürstenried Palace on 11 October 1916, aged 68.

Titles, styles and honours

Titles and styles
27 April 1848 – 13 June 1886: His Royal Highness Prince Otto of Bavaria
13 June 1886 – 5 November 1913: His Majesty The King of Bavaria
5 November 1913 – 11 October 1916: His Majesty King Otto of Bavaria

Honours
 :
 Grand Master of the Order of St. Hubert
 Grand Master of the Order of Saint George
 : Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece - 1869
 : Knight of the Order of St. Andrew

References

1848 births
1916 deaths
Deaths from volvulus
People with schizophrenia

Kings of Bavaria
The European Go Federation (EGF) is a non-profit organization for Go in Europe.

Championships
EGF has been organizing several tournaments including the European Go Congress. They are open to all European players.
 European Womens Go Championship
 European Youth Go Championship

Members 
Membership is open to the Go-organising body in each country in or near to Europe. EU/NATO membership is not required.

EGF Professional players
The European Professional System was established by the European Go Federation in 2014. Only few players who passed the qualification can obtain the EGF professional status.

2014: Pavol Lisy 1P and Ali Jabarin 1P
2015: Mateusz Surma 1P and Ilya Shikshin 1P
2016: Artem Kachanovskyii 1P
2017: Andrii Kravets 1P
2019: Tanguy Le Calvé 1P

Related pages
 Nihon Ki-in (Japanese Go Association)
 American Go Association
 Female Go players

References

Other websites
 EGF Official site
 Pandanet Go European Cup
 Sensei's Library (an online Go library)
1957 establishments in Europe
Board games
Sports governing bodies in Europe
Non-profit organizations of Europe
Go organizations
Adalet Ağaoğlu (née Sümer; 23 October 1929 – 14 July 2020) was a Turkish novelist and playwright. She was  thought to be one of the best known novelists of 20th-century Turkish literature. She has also written essays, memoirs, and short stories. She was born in Ankara Province, Turkey.

Ağaoğlu died on 14 July 2020 from multiple organ failure in Ankara, aged 90.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
Autobiographers
Turkish essayists
Turkish playwrights
Caesar Petrovich Korolenko (; 3 October 1933 – 14 July 2020) was a Polish-born Russian psychiatrist. His scientific work was related to addictive disorders. He was a full time member of New York Academy of Sciences. He was also on the editorial board of Anthropology & Medicine. Korolenko was Chair of psychiatry in the Novosibirsk Medical Institute from 1964 to 2006. 

Korolenko was born in Brest-on-the-Bug, Polesie Voivodeship, Poland.

He died from COVID-19 on 14 July 2020 in Novosibirsk, Russia at the age of 86.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Russian academics
Psychiatrists
Russian physicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Benigno Repeki Fitial (born November 27, 1945) is a Northern Mariana politician. He was the governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) from 2006 until 2013.

He was impeached by the CNMI House of Representatives on February 11, 2013 and was scheduled to face trial before the CNMI Senate to determine if he should be removed from office. He resigned on February 20, 2013 after 7 years, 1 month, and 11 days in office.

References

1945 births
Living people
Governors of the Northern Mariana Islands
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Dolgellau (pronounced Dol-gell-eye or Dol-gel-ee) is a small town and community in Gwynedd, a county of Wales. It is the county town of the historic county of Merionethshire. In 2011, it had a population of 2,688.

The area is famous for its beautiful countryside and historic buildings and attractions. It is very popular with hikers, horse riders, white-water rafters and climbing.

Since 1992, the town has held Sesiwn Fawr Dolgellau (), an annual world music festival. It originally started as a small event and would be held in the streets of the town centre but has since grown too big and is now held in the town's outskirts.

Twin town
Dolgellau has one twin town. It is twinned with:
 Guérande, Brittany, France

Gallery

Towns in Gwynedd
Anna Cathcart (born June 16, 2003) is a Canadian child actress. She played Olympia in Odd Squad, Dizzy in the Disney Channel original movies Descendants 2 and 3, Kitty in the Netflix original movie To All the Boys I've Loved Before and Zoe in Zoe Valentine.

Early life
Cathcart was born in Richmond, Canada on June 16, 2003, and raised in Vancouver, Canada. She has an older sister called Sara Cathcart. Cathcart currently goes to school.

Filmography

Television, Movie and Web roles

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 

Living people
2003 births
Actors from British Columbia
Canadian child actors
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
People from British Columbia
Yeti, Giant of the 20th Century or Yeti in video releases, is a 1977 Italian-Canadian American adventure giant monster movie directed by Giancarlo Parolini. released in December 12, 1977 by Italy.

Plot
in the middle of Canadian mountains, Prof. Wassermann searches an giant iceberg with a frozen Yeti.

Cast
 Antonella Interlenghi	 - Jane (Jessica Harper, voice)
 Tony Kendall - Cliff  (Ted Russoff, voice)
 John Stacy - Professor Wassermann (Gregory Snegoff, voice)	
 Mimmo Crao - Yeti
 Jim Sullivan - Herbie
 Eddie Faye - Morgan Hunnicut (Gregory Snegoff, voice)
 Donald O'Brien - Sargeant Stricker (Ted Russoff, voice)
 Al Canti - Killer/Doug (Gregory Snegoff, voice)

Release Dates

References 

1977 horror movies
Giant gorilla movies
1977 adventure movies
Italian adventure movies
Italian horror movies
Miramax movies
1970s monster movies
is a Japanese politician. He is a member of Reiwa Shinsengumi. He has served in the House of Councillors since 2019.

Funago was born in Gifu. He has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

References

Other websites
Yasuhiko Funago profile

1957 births
Living people
Japanese politicians
People from Gifu Prefecture
People with disabilities
Nanorobots, or nanobots for short, are a hypothetical type of robots. Their parts are about as big as a nanometer (0,0000000001 or 10−9 meters).

Use 
Nanobots could be useful in branches like medicine. They could do a diagnosis and targeted drug-delivery for cancer.

References 

Robots
Liselotte Pulver (born 11 October 1929), sometimes credited as Lilo Pulver, is a Swiss actress. Pulver was one of the stars of German cinema in the 1950s and 1960s, where she often was cast as a tomboy. Her breakthrough movie role was "Vreneli", the wife of the lead in Uli, der Knecht (1954).

She was James Cagney's secretary in Billy Wilder's comedy One, Two, Three (1961). In 1963, for her role as a Russian woman in A Global Affair, she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award as best supporting actress.

References

1929 births
Living people
People from Bern
Swiss movie actors
Swiss television actors
Swiss stage actors
Sombat Metanee (; 26 June 1937 – 18 August 2022) was a Thai actor, singer, politician and movie director. He held the Guinness World Record for most movie appearances (more than 600). In 1966, he won the Golden Doll Award for his role in Suek Bang Rajan. 

He was among an all-star Thai cast in Chatrichalerm Yukol's The Legend of Suriyothai. He had a small comedic role in the 2004 comedy, Bangkok Loco and played a senior police officer in the 2005 horror-comedy, Buppah Rahtree Phase 2: Rahtree Returns.

In 2006, he was elected to the National Assembly of Thailand.

Metanee died on 18 August 2022 at his home in Bangkok, Thailand at the age of 85.

References

1937 births
2022 deaths
Thai actors
Thai singers
Thai politicians
Movie directors
Muid Latif (24 February 1979 – 11 April 2020) was a Malaysian-based web designer, graphic designer and digital artist. He was known for promoting the cultural elements of the Southeast Asia from Batik and Songket into his commercial works and artworks.

Muid was the Project Lead for Creative Commons Malaysia who actively promote Free culture movement and open collaboration. Muid was one of the official Behance Ambassadors representing Malaysia and the author of 'Mekarnya Cinta Kata-kata dan Puisi' e-book.

Latif died on 11 April 2020, aged 41.

References

1979 births
2020 deaths
Malaysian writers
Malaysian activists
Artists
Boris Semyonovich Tsirelson (May 4, 1950 – January 21, 2020) (, ) was a Russian–Israeli mathematician. He was a Professor of Mathematics at Tel Aviv University in Israel. He was born in Leningrad. He was known for his discoveries: Tsirelson's bound, Tsirelson space, Tsirelson drift and Gaussian isoperimetric inequality.

Tsirelson, who had cancer, was euthanized on January 21, 2020 in Basel, Switzerland at the age of 69.

References

Scientists from Saint Petersburg
Scientists from Tel Aviv
Academics of Tel Aviv University
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Russian mathematicians
Russian Jews
Deaths by euthanasia
1950 births
2020 deaths
Israeli mathematicians
Torre en Cameros is a municipality in La Rioja province, Spain. It has an area of . In 2011, it had a population of 12 people.

References 

Municipalities in La Rioja (Spain)
Alhambra is a city in the west part of San Gabriel Valley, Los Angeles County, California. It is about  east of Downtown Los Angeles. It was incorporated on July 11, 1903. At the 2020 census, 82,868 people lived there.

References

Cities in California
Settlements in Los Angeles County, California
1900s establishments in California
1903 establishments in the United States
Downtown Los Angeles is the central business district of Los Angeles, California. It is also a neighbourhood. About 85,000 people live there. It is the part of Los Angeles with the most skyscrapers, including the Wilshire Grand Center and the U.S. Bank Tower. The neighbourhood has an area of about .

References

Neighborhoods of Los Angeles
Los Angeles City Hall is the main government building in Los Angeles, California. The office of the Mayor of Los Angeles is in there as well as Los Angeles City Council. The building is in the Civic Center district of Downtown Los Angeles. The building was completed in 1928 and is about  tall.

Gallery

References

Administrative buildings
Buildings and structures in Los Angeles
Art Deco buildings
Raymond Abbas, commonly known as Hushpuppi, is a Nigerian internet personality. He is notorious for showcasing his lavish lifestyle on Instagram which raised suspicions on the origins of his wealth. He was arrested by the Dubai Police authority. He was handed over to the FBI on June 2020.

Crimes 
Abbas' apartment in Dubai was raided by both the FBI and Interpol. They seized more than $37 million in cash. He and his associates were allegedly running an international scam  and were suspected of various crimes including: cyber fraud, money-laundering, bank fraud, and identity theft which were committed outside the UAE.

References 

Criminals
Nigerian people
The archipelago big-eyed tree frog (Nyctimystes perimetri)  is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea.  It lives on islands in the Louisade Archipelago. It lives in forests and wetlands not near the ocean.

The adult male frog is about  long and the female  long.  The dead, preserved frog is dark gray.  There is some yellow on the throat.

References

Frogs of Oceania
Virginia Louise Giuffre (née Roberts; August 9, 1983) is an American advocate of justice for victims of sex trafficking.  She is one of the known victims of a sex trafficking operation by convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. In 2015, she founded the nonprofit organization Victims Refuse Silence.

Early life 
Virginia Giuffre was born Virginia Louise Roberts in on August 9, 1983 in Sacramento, California. When she was four years old, her family relocated to Loxahatchee in Palm Beach County, Florida. 

She reportedly came from a "troubled home". Giuffre told the Miami Herald that she went from being in "an abusive situation, to being a runaway, to living in foster homes." She lived on the streets at age 13 before getting abused by a 65-year-old sex trafficker, Ron Eppinger, in Miami. 

Giuffre lived with Eppinger for approximately 6 months. He was raided by the FBI and later said guilty to charges of alien smuggling for prostitution, interstate travel for prostitution, and money laundering.
Lawsuits and trials

In May 2009 the courts got a civil lawsuit from Giuffre - against Jeffrey Epstein;  The case was settled for $500,000 (); This sum became known to the general public in January 2022.

In September 2015, the courts got a civil lawsuit from Giuffre - against Ghislaine Maxwell; The case was settled under seal in June 2017 with Maxwell reportedly paying Giuffre "millions".

In 2021, the lower courts of the federal court system of the United States got a lawsuit - Virginia Giuffre v. Prince Andrew. The civil lawsuit (see civil law), says that Andrew had sex in 2001 with Virginia Giuffre when she was 17 years old; Prince Andrew "has strongly denied any wrongdoing", media said. The lawsuit is going on (as of 2022's first quarter).

References 

American human rights activists
Living people
1983 births
14th Street - Union Square is a station on the BMT Broadway Line, BMT Canarsie Line and IRT Lexington Avenue Line of the New York City Subway.    Located at the intersection of 14th Street and 4th Avenue under Union Square in Manhattan.   It is served by the L, N, Q, R, W, 4, 5 and 6 trains.

References

Manhattan
Mars Needs Moms is a 2011 American 3D computer-animated science fiction adventure movie based on the Berkeley Breathed book of the same title.

Other websites 
 
 

2011 animated movies
2011 science fiction movies
2011 adventure movies
English-language movies
American animated movies
American science fiction movies
American adventure movies
Movies set on Mars
Movies about extraterrestrial life
</noinclude>

Old Trafford is a suburb near Stretford. It is in the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford, Greater Manchester, England. It is  southwest of Manchester city centre. Its limits are more or less the crossroads of two old toll gates:Brooks's Bar to the east and Trafford Bar tram stop to the west.

Old Trafford is where the Old Trafford football stadium is. It is the home of Manchester United F.C.. It is also where Old Trafford Cricket Ground is. This is the home of Lancashire County Cricket Club. They are at opposite ends of Brian Statham Way (this used to be Warwick Road) and Sir Matt Busby Way (this used to be Warwick Road North). The road between them still has the name Warwick Road. The southern part on the other side of the Metrolink line is Warwick Road South.

Other websites

Trafford
The English football league system is a series of leagues that are connected for men's association football clubs in England. Five teams also come from Wales, one team comes from Guernsey and one comes from Jersey. It is also called the football pyramid. The system has a hierarchical format. It has promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels. This means that in theory, even the smallest club can get to the top of the system. In the system, there are more than 140 leagues, and more than 480 divisions.

The total number of clubs changes every year. This is because clubs join and stop playing in leagues. Sometimes it is also because a club stops existing or merges with another club. An average of 15 clubs per division means that more than 7,000 teams of nearly 5,300 clubs are in a league in the English men's football league system.

There are no official definitions of any level below 11. This means that the structure at level 12 and below is not definitive.
The pyramid for women's football in England is not the same. It has nine levels. Also, some English men's football clubs play outside the English football league system.

History

Aston Villa director William McGregor created the (English) Football League in 1888. The biggest clubs were the ones who were in support of professionalism. The twelve first clubs were six from Lancashire (Accrington, Blackburn Rovers, Burnley, Bolton Wanderers, Everton and Preston North End) and six from the Midlands (Aston Villa, Derby County, Notts County, Stoke, West Bromwich Albion and Wolverhampton Wanderers).

About the system
About the system

The system is a pyramid of leagues. These are part of the same system through the idea of promotion and relegation. The better clubs in each league go to a higher league. The clubs that finish the season at the bottom of their league can go down to a lower league. Promotion has two important factors. The first factor is how well the club plays. The second factor is that the club needs to meet criteria set by the higher league. These criteria are often about having the right facilities and finances.

In theory, it is possible for a low level local amateur club to win promotions. Within a few years they can get to the highest level of the English game and become champions of the Premier League. In practice, this is not likely (at least not in a short period of time). However, clubs move a lot within the pyramid.
Structure
At the top is the single division of the Premier League (Level 1). This is often called the "top-flight". It has 20 clubs. They were all located in England until the 2010–11 season. However, two Welsh teams (Swansea City and Cardiff City) have since played in the league. Below the Premier League is the English Football League (EFL). This used to be the Football League. It has three divisions of 24 clubs each: The Championship (Level 2), League One (Level 3) and League Two (Level 4). The 20 clubs in the Premier League and the 72 clubs in the English Football League are all full-time (all the time) professional clubs. The Premier League teams are still often called 'League' clubs. This is because before 1992 the Football League, as it was called then, included all 92 clubs in four divisions. In 1992, the Premier League started, and became separate. Clubs outside this group of 92 teams are called 'non-League' clubs (i.e. non-EFL). However, they also play their football in league competitions.
Below the National League, there are three regional leagues. Each is in a different area. Sometimes the areas are similar. They are the Northern Premier League (which covers the north of England), Southern Football League (which covers the Midlands, south and southwest of England, with one club from South Wales) and the Isthmian League (which includes clubs from the south-east of England as well as Guernsey from the Channel Islands). All of the leagues have Premier Divisions of 22 teams (Level 7). Below these, the Northern Premier League and Southern Football League each have two divisions of 20 teams (Level 8). They are in different regions. The Isthmian League has three level 8 divisions of 20 teams each as well.

Level 9 contains the top divisions of a large group of fourteen smaller than regional leagues. Each of these leagues has a different setup. They all have one thing in common: they all have leagues below them. Each covers a smaller and smaller area.
Premier League (level 1, 20 teams):  The bottom three teams are relegated.
English Football League Championship (level 2, 24 teams): The top two automatically win promotion. The next four play in the playoffs. The winner gets the third promotion place. The bottom three are relegated.
English Football League One (level 3, 23 teams): The top two automatically win promotion. The next four play in the playoffs. The winner gets the third promotion place. The bottom three are relegated.
English Football League Two (level 4, 24 teams): The top three teams automatically win promotion. The next four play in the playoffs. The winner gets the fourth promotion place. The bottom two are relegated.
National League (level 5, 24 teams): The champions win promotion. The next six play in the playoffs. The winner gets the second promotion place. The bottom four are relegated to either the North or South division as appropriate.
National League North and National League South (level 6, 22 teams each. 24 teams from the 2020–21 season, running in parallel): The champions in each division automatically win promotion. The next six teams in each division play in the playoffs. The playoff winner in each division gets the second promotion spot. The bottom two teams in each division are relegated to either the Northern Premier League, the Southern League or the Isthmian League as appropriate. If, after promotion and relegation, the number of teams in the North and South divisions is not equal, one or more teams are transferred between the two divisions. This makes it more even. It it based on the location.
Northern Premier League Premier Division, Southern Football League Central Division, Southern Football League South Division and Isthmian League Premier Division (level 7, 22 teams each, running in parallel): The champions in each division automatically win promotion. The next four teams in each division play in the playoffs. Theh the playoff winners also win promotion. The bottom two teams in each division and two 20th-placed teams with the lowest points per game ratio are relegated to a level 8 division. If, after promotion and relegation, the number of teams in the divisions is not equal, one or more teams move between the four divisions to make the numbers even.
Northern Premier League Division One North, Northern Premier League Division One South, Southern Football League Division One East, Southern Football League Division One West, Isthmian League Division One North, Isthmian League Division One South Central and Isthmian League Division One South East (level 8, running in parallel, 20 teams in each division): The champions in each division automatically win promotion. The next four teams in each division play in the playoffs. The playoff winners also win promotion. The bottom team in each division plays a level 9 runner-up club in one-off matches. The losing team from level 8 is relegated to a level 9 division. If, after promotion and relegation, the number of teams in the divisions is not equal, one or more teams move between the four divisions to make the numbers even.
Cup eligibility
Being members of a league at a particular level also change whether a team can play certain competitions.
FA Cup: Levels 1 to 10
EFL Cup: Levels 1 to 4
EFL Trophy: Levels 3 to 4
FA Trophy: Levels 5 to 8
FA Vase: Levels 9 to 11
FA Inter-League Cup: Level 11 (played by a team from each league)

In the case of the FA Cup and the FA Vase, some of the clubs in the lowest level in each do not play. For example, in the 2017–18 FA Cup, there were 77 teams from Level 10 out of the 338 in total at that level.

Below Level 11 the pyramid becomes regional. The cups become regional or local. Lower down, the pyramid is based on counties. Counties have their own cups. This does not include some tournaments called "Senior Cups". These are often competitions between teams representing top professional clubs in a district. They may be little more than derbies, for example the Gloucestershire Cup. This originally included all teams in Gloucestershire, but then became a Bristol derby.

The system
The system

The table below shows the current structure of the system. For each division, there is its official name, sponsorship name (for levels 1–8, if it is different from its historic name) and number of clubs. At levels 1–8, each division promotes to the division that is directly above it. It relegates to the division that is directly below it. Below that level, individual league articles talk about promotion and relegation details.

The Premier League runs level one in the pyramid. It is the top division of English football. It is also called the Premier League. The winners are the champions of England. The English Football League (EFL) runs levels two to four. Together, these four divisions make up what is known as "league football".
The leagues below level four are classed as "non-League football". This means they are outside the EFL. The leagues at levels five to eleven include the National League System (NLS). They come under the direct control of the Football Association. The top-level (level 5) of the NLS is known as "step 1" by the FA, the next (level 6) as "step 2", and so on.

The system is only defined as far as level 10. What follows is a representation of one possible structure, should the system be defined further.

Related pages
League system (for a list of similar systems in other countries)
List of association football competitions
National League System (the system involving the 5th–11th tiers of English football, organised by the FA)
History of the English non-League football system
English women's football league system

Notes

References

Other websites 
  Fans Focus – Non League Pyramid at Fans Focus

Football in England
Sports leagues
Kat and the Band is a 2019 British coming-of-age music movie directed by E.E. Hegarty from a screenplay by Jemma Field and Michael Müller. The movie stars Ella Hunt, Dougie Poynter, Jennifer Leong, Callum McGowan, Idris Debrand, Sevan Stephan, Joanna David, Badly Drawn Boy, Jackson Bews, Katherine Kelly, and Rufus Hound. It was released in the United Kingdom on July 13, 2020.

Plot 
Seventeen year old, music obsessed school girl Kat Malone tricks her way into managing struggling band Dollar Days, pretending to be a band manager in her twenties.

Cast 

 Ella Hunt as Kat Malone
 Dougie Poynter as Alex
 Jennifer Leong as Jane
 Callum McGowan as Brian
 Idris Debrand as Sid
 Sevan Stephan as Faz
 Joanna David as Gran
 Badly Drawn Boy as himself
 Jackson Bews as Marcus
 Katherine Kelly as Liz Malone
 Rufus Hound as Mr. Cato

Release 
The movie was released in the United Kingdom on July 13, 2020, by 101 Films.

References

Other websites 
 Kat and the Band on IMDb
2019 movies
Coming-of-age movies
British movies
English-language movies
Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason is a 2004 British French German Irish American romantic comedy movie directed by Beeban Kidron and is based on the 1999 novel of the same name by Helen Fielding. It stars Renée Zellweger, Colin Firth, Hugh Grant and is the sequel to the 2001 movie Bridget Jones's Diary. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites 
 

2000s LGBT movies
2004 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
American sequel movies
American LGBT movies
British romantic comedy movies
British LGBT movies
French romance movies
French comedy movies
French LGBT movies
German romance movies
German comedy movies
German LGBT movies
Irish romance movies
Irish comedy movies
Irish LGBT movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Beeban Kidron
The Lamborghini V8 is a 90 degree V8 petrol engine. Lamborghini first made it in the 1970s for its cheaper cars. It was the company's second internal combustion engine. The Lamborghini Urraco first used it in 1971. The Lamborghini Silhouette used the engine in 1976-1977. The Lamborghini Jalpa also used it in 1982. Gian Paolo Dallara first designed the engine.

References

Lamborghini engines
Larry Crowne is a 2011 American romantic comedy movie directed by Tom Hanks (who also stars) and stars Julia Roberts. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites 
 

2011 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
The Lamborghini V10 is a 90 degree V10 petrol engine. It was first made by Lamborghini for the Lamborghini Gallardo in 2003. It was the first engine made by them since they were bought by Audi.

Vehicles
As of 2019, these are the vehicles that use the Lamborghini V10:

Lamborghini
 Gallardo LP 550-2 
 Gallardo LP 550-2 Spyder
 Gallardo LP 560-4
 Gallardo LP 560-4 Spyder
 Gallardo LP 570-4 Superleggera Edizione Technica
 Gallardo LP 570-4 Spyder Performante Edizone Technica
 Gallardo LP 570-4 Squadra Corse
 Gallardo LP 550-2 Bicolore
 Gallardo LP 550-2 Tricolore 
 Gallardo LP 570-4 Super Trofeo Stradale
 Gallardo GT3-R
 Gallardo LP 600 GT3
 Sesto Elemento
 Egoista
 Huracán LP 610-4 Avio
 Huracán LP 580-2
 Huracán LP 580-2 Spyder
 Huracán LP 610-4 Spyder
 Huracán LP 610-4
 Huracán LP 620-2 Super Trofeo
 Huracán GT3
 Huracán Super Trofeo Evo
 Huracán LP 640-4 Performante
 Huracán LP 640-4 Performante Spyder
 Huracán LP 640-4 Evo 
 Asterion LPI 910-4

Audi
R8 V10
S8 D3 
S6 C6 
RS 6 C6

References
References

Lamborghini engines
Marquette County is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. The county seat is Marquette.  As of the 2020 census, there were 66,017 people living here.

References

Other websites 

 

1851 establishments in Michigan
Michigan counties
Marquette County is the name of two counties in the United States:
 Marquette County, Michigan
 Marquette County, Wisconsin
Menominee County is a county in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 23,502 people live here. The county seat is Menominee.

References

1863 establishments in Michigan
Michigan counties
Menominee County is the name of two counties in the United States:
 Menominee County, Michigan
 Menominee County, Wisconsin
The Lamborghini V12 is a 60 degree V12 petrol engine that was made by Lamborghini between 1963 and 2011. the first version of this engine was the first internal combustion engine made by the company. It was first used in the Lamborghini 350GT.

References

Lamborghini engines
Macon County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, 33,922 people live here. Its county seat is Franklin.

References 

19th-century establishments in North Carolina
1828 establishments in the United States
North Carolina counties
Ferruccio Lamborghini  (; 28 April 1916 – 20 February 1993) was an Italian industrialist. In 1963, he started Lamborghini, a maker of sports cars.

Lamborghini died at the Silvestrini Hospital in Perugia after having a heart attack fifteen days before. He was 76.

Early life 
Ferruccio Lamborghini was born on April 28, 1916, to viticulturists Antonio and Evelina Lamborghini in house number 22 in Renazzo di Cento, in the Province of Ferrara, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. According to his baptismal certificate, Ferruccio was baptised as a Roman Catholic four days later, on 2 May.
After World War II 
After World War II, Lamborghini opened a garage in Pieve di Cento. Lamborghini modified an old Fiat Topolino he had purchased (the first of many that he would own over the years) in his spare time. He made use of his mechanical abilities to transform the homely city car into a roaring 750-cc open-top two-seater and entered the car in the 1948 Mille Miglia. His participation ended after 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) when he ran the car into the side of a restaurant in the town of Fiano, in Turin.

Beginnings of entrepreneurship 
In 1947 Ferruccio Lamborghini recognized an emerging market in post-War Italy devoted to agricultural and industrial revitalization. Using parts from military vehicle engines and differentials from ARAR centres (Azienda Recupero Alienazione Residuati), Lamborghini built the first of his "Carioca" tractors, themselves based on the six-cylinder petrol engines of Morris trucks.
As petrol in Italy was prohibitively-priced, Lamborghini augmented the Morris engines with a fuel atomiser of his own creation, which allowed the tractors to be started with petrol, then switch to the cheaper diesel fuel. Based on the initial success of the Carioca, Lamborghini founded Lamborghini Trattori and began manufacturing tractors.
Ferruccio Lamborghini between a "Jarama" and a tractor

Involvement with boats 
The Iconic Riva Aquarama Lamborghini (Hull #278) was registered and delivered on 7 June 1968 to its famous owner Ferruccio Lamborghini. The boat had some specific and unique features. It was the first and only one fitted with two Lamborghini engines and it had special side railing for holding on to during waterskiing and record attempts. The engine compartment was modified to fit the engines and a special open exhaust was built just to meet Ferruccio's demands.

Ferruccio owned the boat for over 20 years until July 1988, when he then sold it to Angelo Merli, a close friend.
Several speedskiing records were broken and Ferruccio was very passionate about his Riva as part of his lifestyle and exponent of Italian craft and design, maybe even just as passionate as he was about his Miura.

Involvement with automobiles 
Lamborghini's increasing wealth allowed him to purchase faster more expensive cars than the tiny Fiats he had tinkered with during his youth. He owned cars such as Alfa Romeos and Lancias during the early 1950s and at one point he had enough cars to use a different one every day of the week, adding a Mercedes-Benz 300SL, a Jaguar E-Type coupé, and two Maserati 3500 GTs. Of the latter, Lamborghini said, "Adolfo Orsi, then the owner of Maserati, was a man I had a lot of respect for: he had started life as a poor boy, like myself. But I did not like his cars much. They felt heavy and did not really go very fast."
In 1958, Lamborghini traveled to Maranello to buy a Ferrari 250 GT: a two-seat coupé with a body designed by coachbuilder Pininfarina. He went on to own several more over the years, including a Scaglietti-designed 250 GT SWB Berlinetta and a 250 GT 2+2 four-seater. Lamborghini thought Ferrari's cars were good, but too noisy and rough to be proper road cars. He categorized them as repurposed track cars with poorly built interiors.
Period Ferraris had spartan interiors, lacking the plush appointments Lamborghini felt were essential to a gran turismo car
Lamborghini found that Ferrari's cars were equipped with inferior clutches, and required continuous trips to Maranello for rebuilds; technicians would secret the car away for several hours to perform the work, much to Lamborghini's annoyance. He had previously expressed dissatisfaction with Ferrari's after sales service, which he perceived to be substandard. Lamborghini brought his misgivings to Enzo Ferrari's attention, but was dismissed by the notoriously pride-filled Modenan. After successfully modifying one of his personally-owned Ferrari 250 GTs to outperform stock models, Lamborghini gained the impetus to pursue an automobile manufacturing venture of his own, aiming to create the perfect touring car that he felt no one could build for him. Lamborghini believed that a grand tourer should have attributes that were lacking in Ferrari's offerings, namely high performance without compromising tractability, ride quality, and interior appointments
. A clever businessman, Lamborghini also knew that he could make triple the profit if the components used in his tractors were installed in a high-performance exotic car instead.
During the 1970s, Ferruccio Lamborghini's companies began to run into financial difficulties. In 1971, Lamborghini Trattori, which exported around half of its production of tractors, ran into trouble when its South African importer cancelled all its orders. In Bolivia, the new military government, which had recently staged a successful coup d'état, cancelled a large order of tractors that was being prepared for shipment in Genoa. Trattori's unionised employees could not be laid off, putting immense strain on the company. In 1972, Lamborghini sold his entire holding in the company to rival tractor builder SAME.Soon, the entire Lamborghini group found itself in financial trouble. Development at the automaker slowed as costs were cut. Ferruccio Lamborghini began courting buyers for Automobili and Trattori, entering negotiations with Georges-Henri Rossetti, a wealthy Swiss businessman and friend
. Ferruccio sold Rossetti 51% of the company for US$600,000, thereby relinquishing control of the automaker he had founded. He continued to work at the Sant'Agata factory; Rossetti rarely involved himself in Automobili's affairs.
The situation did not improve: the 1973 oil crisis plagued sales of high performance cars of manufacturers from around the world. Consumers flocked to smaller, more practical modes of transportation with better fuel economy. By 1974, Ferruccio had become disenchanted with his car business. He severed all connections with the cars that bore his name, selling his remaining 49% stake in the automaker. The shares were acquired by René Leimer, a friend of Georges-Henri Rossetti.

After departing the automobile manufacturing business, Lamborghini continued his business activities in other areas, including his heating and air conditioning company, Lamborghini Calor. In 1969, he founded Lamborghini Oleodinamica S.p.A., a manufacturer of hydraulic valves and equipment.
Later life 
In 1974, Lamborghini exited the industrial world and retired to a 3 km2 (740 acres) estate named "La Fiorita" on the shores of Lake Trasimeno, in Castiglione del Lago, a town in the Umbria region of central Italy. Returning to his farming roots, Lamborghini delighted in hunting and producing his own wines. Lamborghini even designed his own golf course, all while continuing to manage several business interests.

Lamborghini fathered a child, Patrizia, at age 58.

At 76 years of age, on February 20, 1993, Lamborghini died at Silvestrini Hospital in Perugia after suffering a heart attack fifteen days earlier. Lamborghini is buried at the cemetery of Renazzo.
Lamborghini's fascination with bullfighting 
The world of bullfighting is a key part of Lamborghini's identity. In 1962, Ferruccio Lamborghini visited the Seville ranch of Don Eduardo Miura, a renowned breeder of Spanish fighting bulls. Lamborghini, a Taurus himself, was so impressed by the majestic Miura animals that he decided to adopt a raging bull as the emblem for the auto company he would soon found.

After producing two cars with alphanumeric designations, Lamborghini once again turned to the bull breeder for inspiration. Don Eduardo was filled with pride when he learned that Ferruccio had named a car for his family and their line of bulls; the fourth Miura to be produced was unveiled to him at his ranch in Seville.
The car manufacturer would continue to draw upon the bullfighting connection in future years. The Islero was named for the Miura bull that killed the famed bullfighter Manolete in 1947. Espada is the Spanish word for sword, sometimes used to refer to the bullfighter himself. The Jarama's name carried a special double meaning; intended to refer only to the historic bullfighting region in Spain, Ferruccio was concerned about confusion with the also historic Jarama motor racing track. 

After naming the Urraco after a bull breed, in 1974, Lamborghini broke from tradition, naming the Countach not for a bull, but for contacc, a Piedmontese exclamation of astonishment. Legend has it that stylist Nuccio Bertone uttered the word in surprise when he first laid eyes on the Countach prototype, "Project 112". The LM002 sport utility vehicle and the Silhouette were other exceptions to the tradition.
The Jalpa of 1982 was named after a bull breed; Diablo, after the Duke of Veragua's ferocious bull famous for fighting an epic battle against "El Chicorro" in Madrid in 1869; Murciélago, the legendary bull who survived 28 sword strokes and whose life was spared by "El Lagartijo" for his performance in 1879; Gallardo, named after one of the five ancestral castes of the Spanish fighting bull breed; and Reventón, the bull that defeated young Mexican torero Félix Guzmán in 1943. The Estoque concept of 2008 was named after the estoc, the sword traditionally used by matadors during bullfights, while the replacement for the Murcielago, the Aventador (unveiled in 2011) was named after a bull that was bred by the sons of Don Celestino Cuadri Vides. This bull was killed in a particularly gruesome fight, where after the bull was killed, its left ear was cut off and given to the Matador as a token of good luck.