Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
"How Do U Want It" (also called "How Do You Want It"), is a rap/R&B single by Tupac Shakur featuring K-Ci & JoJo of Jodeci. It was released on June 16, 1996 as the third single from Tupac's fourth album, All Eyez on Me. Three music videos for the single were released alongside it. The song contains samples of the 1974 song "Body Heat" by Quincy Jones. The song was produced by Johnny "J" Jackson. 

1996 songs
Billboard Hot 100 number one songs
Hip hop songs
R&B songs
Tupac Shakur songs
K-Ci & JoJo songs
Finding Dory (known as Finding Nemo 2: Finding Dory) is a 2016 American computer-animated comedy adventure movie.

Production
It was produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is a sequel to the 2003 Disney-Pixar movie, Finding Nemo. Andrew Stanton, who directed the original movie, directed. The movie was confirmed by Walt Disney Pictures in April 2013. The movie was originally scheduled for a holiday 2015 release.

Plot
Finding Dory is about Dory, the regal blue tang fish, who forgets things almost instantly. The story is about Dory reuniting with her family. The movie is set off the coast of California.

Voice cast
Ellen DeGeneres as Dory, a regal blue tang.
 Sloane Murray as Baby Dory. Murray is the seven-year-old daughter of producer Lindsey Collins.
 Albert Brooks as Marlin, an overprotective clownfish, Nemo's father and Dory's friend.
 Hayden Rolence as Nemo, a young juvenile clownfish and Marlin's son.
 Ed O'Neill as Hank, a cranky East Pacific red octopus who previously lost a tentacle.
 Diane Keaton as Jenny, Dory's mother.
 Eugene Levy as Charlie, Dory's father.
 Kaitlin Olson as Destiny, a near-sighted whale shark and Dory's childhood friend.
 Ty Burrell as Bailey, a beluga whale who temporarily lost echolocation due to a concussion.
 Idris Elba as Fluke, an easygoing sea lion.
 Dominic West as Rudder, a sea lion and Fluke's friend.
 Bob Peterson as Mr. Ray, a spotted eagle ray and Nemo's schoolteacher.
 Andrew Stanton as Crush, a sea turtle that lives on the East Australian Current.
 Bennett Dammann as Squirt, Crush's son. He was voiced by Nicholas Bird in the previous film.
 Bill Hader as Stan, a kelp bass
Kate McKinnon as Stan's fish wife
 Angus MacLane as Charlie Back-and-Forth, a sunfish.
 Katherine Ringgold as a chickenfish.
 Sigourney Weaver as herself, the voice intercom announcer for the Institute PA system.
 Alexander Gould as Passenger Carl, a delivery truck driver that works for the Institute, and Passenger Tommy, Carl's co-worker. Gould voiced Nemo in the previous film.
 John Ratzenberger as Bill, a crab.
 Torbin Xan Bullock as Gerald, an outcast California sea lion who is frequently treated hostilely by Fluke & Rudder, and Becky, a friendly and helpful but dimwitted common loon.
 Willem Dafoe as Gill, a moorish idol, who is the leader of the "Tank Gang."
 Brad Garrett as Bloat, a porcupinefish.
 Allison Janney as Peach, a pink starfish.
 Austin Pendleton as Gurgle, a royal gramma.
 Stephen Root as Bubbles, a yellow tang.
 Vicki Lewis as Deb, a four-striped damselfish.
 Jerome Ranft as Jacques, a cleaner shrimp. He was voiced by Joe Ranft, Jerome's late brother, in the previous film.
References

Other websites
 
 

2016 adventure movies
2010s buddy movies
2016 comedy movies
2010s sequel movies
2016 computer-animated movies
2010s American adventure movies
American animated movies
American buddy comedy movies
American comedy movies
American family movies
American sequel movies
2010s buddy comedy movies
Finding Nemo
Movies about fish
Movies set in California
Pixar movies
Movies directed by Andrew Stanton
Calahorra, (), La Rioja, Spain is a municipality in Rioja Baja. It is near the border with Navarre on the river Ebro. During ancient Roman times, Calahorra was known as Calagurris Fibularia.

Location
The city is located on a hill at an altitude of  at the confluence of the Ebro and Cidacos rivers. It has an area of . Calahorra is the second-largest city in La Rioja in population and importance. 21,060 people live there.

History 
People have lived in the area that is now Calahorra since the Paleolithic. It has had a stable population since the Iron Age.
Rome took control of the town in 187 BC. They made it more important as an administrative centre for regions near it. Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar gave the city (then named Calagurris) converted the town into a municipality. They developed its city planning, economy, and politics. Its archeological remains show that it had a circus, baths, an amphitheatre, and other things found in large cities. It minted money and served as a justice administration centre.

After the rule of the Moors in the 9th and 10th centuries the Christian king García Sánchez III of Navarre captured the city in 1045.

Twin cities 
  Monte Compatri, Italy
 Caussade, France

Gallery

Other websites 

 Official Web Site
 Calahorra (La Rioja) Web Site
 Calahorra Jewish family in Poland

Cities in La Rioja (Spain)
Municipalities in La Rioja (Spain)
A blood film or peripheral blood smear is a thin layer of blood smeared on a microscope slide and then stained in such a way to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically. Blood films are usually examined to investigate disorders of the blood and, occasionally, to look for parasites within the blood such as malaria and filaria.

Other websites
How to Prepare & Interpret Peripheral Blood Smears

References

Blood
Medical tests
Jean Elizabeth Smart (born September 13, 1951 in Seattle, Washington) is an American actress and voice actor. She acts in television, movies and on stage. Smart is known mainly for comedy roles. She starred as Charlene Stillfield on the television program Designing Women. She has also done dramatic roles. These include the role of Martha Logan on the series 24. Her animated roles include, American Dad!, Big Mouth, Hey Arnold, Kim Possible, Nutri Ventures, The Powerpuff Girls, Robot Chicken, Static Shock, Tiny Toon and Spider-Man  (2017).

References

1951 births
Living people
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Seattle
, also known as Iō-tō, is an uninhabited Japanese island in the Volcano Islands. It is south of the Bonin Islands.  It is  south of mainland Tokyo.

History
The first recorded mention of Iwo Jima was in 1673.

It was claimed by the Empire of Japan in 1861.

The island is best known as the focus of the Battle of Iwo Jima in 1945.

Related pages 
 Ogasawara, Tokyo

References

Other websites 

Islands of Japan
WBZ-TV is a television station in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States. It is owned by CBS. It is received on channel 4 in eastern Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and southern New Hampshire.

History
WBZ-TV first went on the air on June 9, 1948. It is the oldest television station in Boston. It is also the oldest television station in the New England states. It was originally owned by Westinghouse Electric Corporation. The station showed programs from the NBC network when it first went on the air. On January 2, 1995, WBZ-TV stopped showing NBC programs and started showing CBS programs. Before then, CBS programs aired on WHDH-TV, which now airs NBC programs. The reason Channel 4 switched networks is because Westinghouse Electric agreed to merge with CBS, and all Westinghouse channels became CBS stations.

American television stations
Boston
Columbia Broadcasting System
Viacom
1948 establishments in the United States
1940s establishments in Massachusetts
Richard Burton Matheson (February 20, 1926 – June 23, 2013) or Logan Swanson was an American author and screenwriter. He mostly wrote in the fantasy, horror, and science fiction genres. Two of his books are I Am Legend and Bid Time Return. He wrote several television episodes for The Twilight Zone.

Matheson was born on February 20, 1926 in Allendale, New Jersey to a Norwegian family. He was raised in Brooklyn, New York. Matheson studied at Brooklyn Technical High School and at the University of Missouri. He was married to Ruth Ann Woodson from 1952 until his death in 2013. They have four children. 

Matheson came up with the idea for I Am Legend after seeing Tod Browning's Dracula.

Matheson died on June 23, 2013 in Los Angeles, California from a long illness. He was 87 years old.

References

Other websites

Richard Matheson  featured on AMC-TV's Sci-Fi Department webshow
1926 births
2013 deaths
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American novelists
American screenwriters
American television writers
Writers from New Jersey
Wolf Isaac Blitzer (born March 22, 1948) is an American journalist and television news anchor. He has been a CNN reporter since 1990. He is the senior anchor of all CNN programs currently in production. Blitzer is currently the host of The Situation Room. He is CNN's lead political anchor.

Blitzer was born on March 22, 1948 in Augsburg, Germany to Polish-American parents. His parents were Jewish refugees. He was raised in Buffalo, New York.

Blitzer studied at Kenmore West Senior High School, at the University at Buffalo, at Johns Hopkins University, and at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Blitzer has been married to Lynn Greenfield since 1973. They have one daughter, Ilana (born 1981). He now lives in Bethesda, Maryland.

References

Other websites

 CNN bio
 CNN.com – The Situation Room
 
 "Wolf Blitzer for the Defense (Department)", Jim Naureckas, FAIR Extra!, January/February 2003
 Google Video on Israel Discussion – Held Nov 1989.
1948 births
Living people
American television news anchors
CNN people
Entertainers from Bavaria
German Jews
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Jewish American entertainers
Jewish American writers
Johns Hopkins University alumni
Journalists from New York (state)
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Augsburg
Writers from Buffalo, New York
Television personalities from New York (state)
Writers from Bavaria
Robert William "Bob" Edgar (May 29, 1943 – April 23, 2013) was an American politician and administrator from Pennsylvania, and a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 1987, representing the 7th district of Pennsylvania.

Edgar was born on May 28, 1943 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He studied at Drew University. Edagr died on April 23, 2013 in his home in Annandale, Virginia from a heart attack, aged 69.

References

Other websites
Robert William Edgar entry at The Political Graveyard

1943 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
United States representatives from Pennsylvania
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Philadelphia
Drew University alumni
A sports agent is a person who represents a sportsperson in finance and contracts. The sports agent negotiates the contracts for an athlete's salary. The agent gets part of the athletes pay. Also, they are responsible for making recommendations about the athlete's options.

Sports occupations
Mario Matthew Cuomo (June 15, 1932 – January 1, 2015) was an American politician and member of the Democratic Party. He served as the Secretary of State of New York from 1975 to 1978, as the Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1979 to 1982 and as the 52nd Governor of New York for three terms, from 1983 to 1994. His son Andrew Cuomo was the governor of New York from 2011 to 2021.

Cuomo was born on June 15, 1932 in Queens, New York City to an Italian Catholic family. He studied at St. John's University. Cuomo was married to Matilda Raffa from 1954 until his death in 2015. They have five children.

Cuomo died on January 1, 2015, in his home in Manhattan, New York City at the age of 82 from heart failure only hours after his son Andrew was sworn-in to a second term as governor of New York state. His funeral was held on January 6, 2015 at the Saint Ignatius Loyola Church in Manhattan, New York. He was buried at St. John Cemetery, in Queens, New York.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Text Cuomo's 1984 Democratic National Convention Keynote Address – "A Tale of Two Cities"
 Text and Audio of Cuomo's Address at the University of Notre Dame– "Religious Belief and Public Morality"
 Lewis Lehrman 1982 NY Governor Campaign Retrospective. Lehrman narrowly lost to Mario Cuomo (51% to 48%) 
 Biography at Willkie Farr & Gallagher website 
 Video of debate/discussion with Mario Cuomo and Paul Krugman on Bloggingheads.tv
 Booknotes interview with Cuomo on Why Lincoln Matters, July 25, 2004. 

1932 births
2015 deaths
American Roman Catholics
Deaths from heart failure
Governors of New York (state)
Lieutenant Governors of New York (state)
Politicians from New York City
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
The memorial for the Jewish Soldiers in the Polish army in World War II is a memorial dedicated to the Jews who served in the Polish Army and died in World War II. The memorial is in the National Military and Police Cemetery in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. The memorial was built in 1998 next to the memorial for those who served in the Russian army. The memorial was built with pink stones with the symbols of the Polish army and the inscription of the years 1939-1945 next to stairs going to ceremonial plaza. it is inscribed with a Bible verse from 2 Samuel 1:23: "They were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions."

Other websites 

 jewish military casualties in the polish armies in the world war 2 in the "zchor" website

Monuments and memorials in Mount Herzl
World War II memorials in Israel
The memorial for the Jewish Soldiers in the Soviet Army in World War II is a memorial dedicated to the Jews in the Red Army who died in World War II. The memorial is in the National Military and Police Cemetery in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. It is next to the memorial to those who served in the Polish army. The memorial was started by the Organization of Veterans of the Red Army in World War II. It was built in 1989 with a design of the architect Yizhak Rachelin and the Engineer "Ze'ev Kariv". The memorial is a wall with pink stones and red stones. It has the number "20,000" for the fallen Jews of the Russian army. There is a Hebrew Bible verse inscribed from Judges 3:2: The Lord "did this to teach warfare to the descendants of the Israelites." In front of the memorial there are stairs going to ceremonial plaza between two boards with the sign of the years "1941" and "1945".

Other websites 

 Jews Who Died Fighting in Red Army in the "Jewish Daily forward"
Monuments and memorials in Mount Herzl
World War II memorials in Israel
Mount Whymper may refer to:
 Mount Whymper (Edward), 2.844 m, a mountain on the Canadian Rocky Mountains, British Columbia, Canada, in the Vermilion Pass area, Kootenay National Park. Named for Edward Whymper.
 Mount Whymper (Frederick), 1,539 m, a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Named for Frederick Whymper
WHDH is a television station in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States. It is owned by Sunbeam Television and is an independent television station that used to carry NBC. It is received on Channel 7 in eastern Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and southern New Hampshire.

In the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, there was another television station in Boston with the name WHDH-TV. That station aired on Channel 5 and is now called WCVB-TV. There is no relationship between the two stations.
History
Channel 7 in Boston went on the air June 21, 1948 as WNAC-TV. It is the second oldest television station in Boston, and the third oldest in the New England states. The first owner was General Tire, which later became RKO General.  The station showed CBS network programs when it first went on the air. The station also showed some programs from the ABC network. However, when a new TV station in Boston, Channel 5, then known as WHDH-TV but now known as WCVB-TV, started in 1957, Channel 7 dropped all ABC programs, which were then aired on Channel 5.  In 1961, Channel 7 and Channel 5 switched networks, and Channel 7 became an ABC station, and Channel 5 became the CBS station for Boston. In 1972, the two channels switched again, and Channel 7 returned to being a CBS station, and Channel 5 an ABC station.
On May 21, 1982, RKO General lost the license to broadcast and Channel 7 was taken over by New England Television on May 22. The channel was renamed WNEV-TV. New England Television bought a radio station known as WHDH in 1989, and in January, 1990, channel 7 was renamed WHDH-TV. On January 2, 1995, Channel 7 stopped showing CBS programs and began showing NBC programs. Before then, NBC programs were shown on WBZ-TV, Channel 4, which now shows CBS programs. The reason for this switch is because WBZ-TV's owners merged with the CBS network.

In 1993, the station was sold to Sunbeam Television. In July, 2010, Channel 7 officially dropped the -TV from its name, becoming just WHDH.

In 2017, the station stopped carrying NBC programming, losing the affiliation to WBTS-CD, and became an independent television station.

American television stations
Boston
1948 establishments in the United States
1940s establishments in Massachusetts
Lawrence Welk (March 11, 1903 – May 17, 1992) was an American musician, accordionist, bandleader, and television impresario, who hosted The Lawrence Welk Show from 1955 to 1982. His style came to be known as "champagne music".

In 1996, Welk was ranked #43 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time.

Early life
Welk was born in Strasburg, North Dakota. Most people there spoke German, but also knew English. His parents were Ludwig and Christiana (Schwahn) Welk, who were ethnic Germans from Russia. They emigrated to America in 1892 from Selz, Kutschurgan District, in the German-speaking area north of Odessa (now Odessa, Ukraine, but then in southwestern Russia). In North Dakota, the family lived on a homestead.
Welk decided on a career in music and got his father to buy him an accordion from a mail order for $400 (equivalent to $ in )  He promised his father that he would work on the farm until he was 21, to pay his father back for the accordion. Any other money he earned during that time, by doing farmwork or performing, would go to his family.

Early career
On his 21st birthday, Welk left the family's farm to start his career in music. During the 1920s, he performed with the Luke Witkowski, Lincoln Boulds, and George T. Kelly bands before he started his own orchestra. He led big bands in North Dakota and eastern South Dakota. These included the Hotsy Totsy Boys and later the Honolulu Fruit Gum Orchestra. His band also played for radio station WNAX in Yankton, South Dakota. In 1927, he graduated from the MacPhail School of Music in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Welk's big band performed across the country but mostly at ballrooms and hotels in the Chicago and Milwaukee areas. In the early 1940s, the band started to play at the Trianon Ballroom in Chicago, where they played for 10 years. His orchestra also played at the Roosevelt Hotel in New York City during the late 1940s. Welk recorded a version of Spade Cooley's "Shame on You" with Western artist Red Foley in 1945. The record (Decca 18698) was #4 on Billboard's September 15 "Most Played Juke Box Folk Records" listing. From 1949 through 1951, the band had its own national radio program on ABC.

Recordings
Sometimes, Welk's band made recordings in Richmond, Indiana and in Grafton, Wisconsin for the Gennett and Paramount companies.  In November, 1928, he recorded for Gennett and in 1931, he recorded for Paramount. These records are very rare.
From 1938 to 1940, he recorded in New York and Chicago for the Vocalion label. He started with Decca in 1941, and recorded for Mercury and Coral before starting with Dot in the early 1950s.

In 1966, his orchestra recorded an album on the Ranwood Records label, with Jazz saxophonist Johnny Hodges, featuring a number of Jazz standards, including "Someone to Watch Over Me", "Misty" and "Fantastic, That's You".  The album has been out of print for many years.

The Lawrence Welk Show

In 1951, Welk moved to Los Angeles. The same year, he began hosting The Lawrence Welk Show. It was broadcast from the Aragon Ballroom in Venice Beach. The show became a local hit and was picked up by ABC in June 1955.
The show had a "bubble machine." Whenever the orchestra played a polka or waltz, Welk himself would dance with the band's female singer, called a "Champagne Lady" on the show.  His first Champagne Lady was Jayne Walton Rosen (her real name was Dorothy Jayne Flanagan). Rocky Rockwell would usually sing novelty songs. Welk would also have one song each show where he would play an accordion solo.

Welk's show would rarely play current music, except as a novelty. On the December 8, 1956 show, the show did play two current songs. They were "Nuttin' for Christmas," and Elvis Presley's "Don't Be Cruel."

The songs on the show were mostly popular music standards, polkas, and novelty songs. Welk often danced with women from the audience.
Welk had very high quality musicians, including accordionist Myron Floren, concert violinist Dick Kesner, guitarist Buddy Merrill, and New Orleans Dixieland clarinetist Pete Fountain. He paid his regular band members very well, and it was common for them to stay with the band a long time. For example, Floren was the band's assistant conductor throughout the whole time the show was broadcast.

The show didn't only play big-band era music. During the 1960s and 1970s, for example, the show played music that was originally by The Beatles, Burt Bacharach and Hal David, The Everly Brothers and Paul Williams and others, but in a style his older viewers would like. The show was originally in black and white. It changed to color in fall 1965.
While it was on network television, The Lawrence Welk Show aired on ABC on Saturday nights at 9 p.m. (Eastern Time), but changed to 8:30 p.m. in fall 1963. From 1956 to 1959, it was also known as The Dodge Dancing Party, because Welk was also hosting another show called Top Tunes and New Talent on Mondays. ABC canceled the show in 1971, but it continued on 250 stations across the country until 1982.

Personal life
Welk was married for 61 years, until he died, to Fern Renner (b. August 26, 1903, d. February 13, 2002). They had three children.

Welk was an excellent businessman. He had investments in real estate and music publishing, and was a general partner in a commercial real estate development.

Welk had four US design patents:
 A musically-themed restaurant menu
 An accordion-themed tray for serving food at a restaurant
 An accordion-themed tray for serving food at a restaurant
 An accordion-themed ash tray

Welk was a Roman Catholic and a daily communicant.

Later years
Later years

After he retired in 1982, Welk continued to air reruns of his shows. He was also in two Christmas specials in 1984 and 1985.

Welk died from bronchopneumonia in Santa Monica, California, in 1992 at age 89. He was buried in Culver City's Holy Cross Cemetery.
Singles
"Moritat (A Theme from 'The Three Penny Opera')" (US #17, March 1956)
"The Poor People of Paris" (US #17, April 1956)
"On the Street Where You Live" (US #96, June 1956)
"Weary Blues" (US #32, August 1956)
"In the Alps" (US #63, August 1956)
"Tonight You Belong to Me" featuring The Lennon Sisters (US #15, November 1956)
"When the White Lilacs Bloom Again" (US #70, November 1956)
"Liechtenstein Polka" (US #48, December 1957)
"Last Date" (US #21, December 1960)
"Calcutta" (US #1, February 1961)
"Theme From My Three Sons" (US #55, April 1961)
"Yellow Bird" (US #71, July 1961)
"Riders in the Sky" (US #87, October 1961)
"One A-Two A-Cha Cha Cha" (US #117, December 1961)
"Runaway" (US #56, May 1962)
"Baby Elephant Walk" (US #48, September 1962, AC #10, 1962)
"Zero-Zero" (US #98, December 1962)
"Scarlett O'Hara" (US #89, June 1963)
"Breakwater" (US #100, June 1963)
"Blue Velvet" (US #103, October 1963)
"Fiesta" (US #106, October 1963)
"Stockholm" (US #91, March 1964)
"Apples and Bananas" (US #75, April 1965, AC #17, 1965)
"The Beat Goes On" (US #104, April 1967)
"Green Tambourine" (AC #27, March 1968)
"Southtown U.S.A." (AC #37, February 1970)
Sources: Billboard Top Pop Singles 1955–2006, Billboard Top Adult Songs 1961–2006, Billboard Bubbling Under the Hot 100 1959–2004
Honors
In 1994, Welk was inducted into the International Polka Music Hall Of Fame.

Welk has a star for Recording on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, located at 6613½ Hollywood Blvd. He has a second star at 1601 Vine Street for Television.

In 2007, Welk became a charter member of the Gennett Records Walk of Fame in Richmond, Indiana.

Books
All books written with Bernice McGeehan and published by Prentice Hall (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.), except where indicated:
 Wunnerful, Wunnerful: The Autobiography of Lawrence Welk, 1971, 
 Ah-One, Ah-Two! Life with My Musical Family, 1974, 
 My America, Your America, 1976, 
 Lawrence Welk's Musical Family Album, 1977, 
 Welk with McGeehan, illustrated by Carol Bryan, Lawrence Welk's Bunny Rabbit Concert, Indianapolis: Youth Publications/Saturday Evening Post Co., 1977,  (children's book)
 This I Believe, 1979, 
 You're Never Too Young, 1981,

References

Other websites

Stars of the Lawrence Welk Show
Lawrence Welk's recordings in the 1920s and 1930s, along with other info 
Welk Musical Family website
Welk Musical Family blog

Lawrence Welk Collection at North Dakota State University 
The Lawrence Welk Show: Video of "Calcutta" 1961

1903 births
1992 deaths
American Roman Catholics
Musicians from Los Angeles
Deaths from bronchopneumonia
Singers from North Dakota
Actors from North Dakota
Musicians from North Dakota
Comedians from North Dakota
Singers from Los Angeles
Actors from Los Angeles
Comedians from Los Angeles
Reuben was the son of Jacob and Leah in the Book of Genesis.

Birth
Jacob was in love with Rachel, the daughter of Laban and asked to marry her. Laban said he would let Jacob marry her if he worked for him as a shepherd for seven years. Jacob worked for those years but they felt like they were only seven days because of how much he loved Rachel. But then, Laban tricked Jacob into marrying Rachel’s older sister Leah instead of marrying her and said he didn’t believe in the younger daughter marrying before her older sister married so Jacob had to work for Laban for another seven years so that Laban would let him marry Rachel. Jacob loved Rachel but he did not love Leah so Leah prayed to the Lord saying “give me children, for I am despised”. So the Lord had mercy on her and she became pregnant and gave birth to a son. And Leah said “now my husband shall love me” and named her son Reuben.
Mandrakes
After Leah gave birth to Simeon, Levi and Judah (Biblical personage), Bilhah gave birth to Gad and Asher, Zilpah gave birth to Dan and Naphtali and Leah gave birth to Zebulun and Issachar, then Reuben found mandrakes and gave them to his mother Leah.  When Rachel asked Leah for the mandrakes,Leah said “first you take from me my husband and now the mandrakes of my son” and agreed to give Rachel the mandrakes if Leah became Jacob’s main wife.

Bilhah
It’s written in the Torah that Reuben lay down with Bilhah and that his father Jacob heard about it. (Genesis 35:22) Though the Talmud says that this was a metaphor and that Reuben actually took Bilhah’s bed from his father’s tent but that this was seen as being like the sin of incest (Shabbat 55) and says that this works because in the Book of Job wanting to commit incest is seen as committing incest.
The story of Joseph
In the story of Joseph, when the brothers are about to kill Joseph, Reuben tells them that instead of murdering him they should throw him into a big hole in the ground and leave him to die. But Reuben secretly planned to rescue Joseph and so when Reuben came back to save Joseph and found out that he had already been sold into slavery, Reuben tore his clothes in mourning for Joseph. And after Simeon was jailed, Reuben told his brothers that the Lord was punishing them all for what they did to Joseph.

Inheritance
According to Jewish tradition, Reuben didn’t get the inheritance that a firstborn son would usually get because he was being punished for the sin with Bilhah.
Talmud
Rabbi Shimon son of Eliezer teaches that after Leah died and Jacob moved his bed to the tent of Bilhah, Reuben took the bed from Bilhah’s tent and put in the tent of his mother Leah to honour his mother’s memory  and the sin Reuben committed by doing that was compared to incest but Reuben did not actually have sex with Bilhah. Though there are also Rabbis in the Talmud who say that he did.

The Zohar
According to the Zohar, Reuben lying down with Bilhah cannot be wikt:literally true because then Reuben wouldn’t have become the father of a tribe of the Israelites. It says that Reuben knew from prophecy that there were supposed to be only twelve tribes of Israel so he moved his father’s bed from Bilhah’s tent even though the Shechina is there whenever married people do their religious duty to have sex with each other but by meddling Reuben made the Shechina leave that tent and that was Reuben’s sin. 

Old Testament people
Super Monkey Ball is a platform video game. It was developed by Amusement Vision and published by Sega. It was first released in Japan in January 2001 as an arcade game titled Monkey Ball. It had a joystick in the shape of a banana. It was later released worldwide as a launch title for the Nintendo GameCube. Titled Super Monkey Ball, it was released in Japan on September 4, 2001, in North America on November 18, 2001, and in Europe on May 3, 2002.

Gameplay

Super Monkey Ball has three modes of gameplay: Main game, party games and mini-games.

Main game
In the main game, the object is to guide a monkey in a hamster ball across a series of platforms in the air and through a goal at the end of the level. Four monkeys are available for the player to play as. Each level is timed; with a level running for either 30 or 60 seconds. The player controls the main game with the GameCube controller's control stick. By moving the stick, the whole level moves, and the ball rolls in the direction that the level moves. Each level has bananas that the player can collect. Bananas give the player points, and collecting a certain amount of them gives the player an extra life. Should the player fall off of the level or the timer reaches zero, the player loses a life. There are three main difficulties: Beginner, Advanced and Expert. Beginner is ten easy levels, Advanced is 30 non-easy levels, and Expert is 50 harder levels. Should the player meet a certain condition after completing a difficulty, they will be able to play the difficulty's "extra" levels
. A fourth difficulty level, Master, can be unlocked by completing the Expert and Expert Extra levels without using a continue. Master is the hardest difficulty level, with ten levels. You can also see Mario if you die 1 million times.
Party games

There are three party games: Monkey Race, Monkey Target and Monkey Fight. In Monkey Race, players race on one of several racing levels, competing for the best rank. In Monkey Target, players roll their monkey down a ramp and open the monkey's ball to fly in order to land on one of several islands. Three levels are available to play on. In Monkey Fight, players punch other monkeys for points. When time runs out, whichever monkey has the most points wins.

Mini-games

There are three minigames that can to be unlocked with points gotten in the main game: Monkey Bowling, Monkey Billiards and Monkey Golf. Each minigame is based on the real life sport.

References

2001 video games
Platform games
Sega arcade games
Nintendo GameCube games
Prudence Crandall (September 3, 1803 – January 28, 1890) was an American teacher. She was born on September 3, 1803 to Quakers. She went to the New England Friends’ Boarding School in Providence, Rhode Island. In October 1831, she opened a private girls’ school in Canterbury, Connecticut. In 1833, an African American girl was admitted to the school.  The parents of the white girls in the school wanted the black girl expelled. Crandall refused. She opened a school for African American girls in April 1833.

The Connecticut legislature passed the "Black Law". This law made it illegal to open a school that taught African American pupils from a state other than Connecticut.  Crandall was arrested, tried, and convicted of violating this law. She was put in jail.  A higher court reversed the decision. Crandall was freed, but neighbors harassed her. They smashed the windows in the school.  Crandall feared for the students’ safety. She closed the school in 1834.
Crandall married Baptist minister and abolitionist Calvin Philleo. In 1835, the couple and his three children left Connecticut for Philleo’s farm in New York State. They later moved to Illinois. Here Crandall ran a school from her home. She also took part in women’s rights activities.  When Philleo died in 1874, Prudence moved to Kansas to live with her brother. In 1886, the Connecticut legislature gave her a pension.  Crandall died on January 28, 1890. She was buried in Kansas. Her old school house in Canterbury is now the Prudence Crandall Museum. In 1995, Crandall was named Connecticut's state heroine.

References

American teachers
1803 births
1890 deaths
American abolitionists
American civil rights activists
Politicians from Providence, Rhode Island
Educators from Rhode Island
Michael Henry "Nicko" McBrain (born 5 June 1952) is an English heavy metal musician. He is the drummer of the heavy metal band Iron Maiden. 

During his early year, McBrain played for a few small pub bands and paid his bills with session work he did when he left school. He has also played in Streetwalkers, Trust and with Pat Travers. He joined Iron Maiden in 1982 and debuted on their  fourth studio album, Piece of Mind.

He currently uses Premier drums and Paiste cymbals. He converted to Christianity in 1999 after he had an experience in the Spanish River Church.

References

1952 births
Living people
Converts to Christianity
English Christians
English drummers
Heavy metal musicians
Iron Maiden members
Musicians from London
Kataklysm are a Canadian death metal band from Montreal, Quebec. 

Kataklysm was formed in 1991. The band released their debut studio album Sorcery on February 10, 1995 and their second full-length album on June 26, 1996. Lead singer Sylvain Houde left the band afterwards and Maurizio Iacono took over the lead vocals. Stephane Barbe was also recruited to the band during this time. Their third album Victims of this Fallen World which was released on March 7, 1998, saw a change in musical style from Kataklysm's previous albums. They returned to their former style when they released The Prophecy (Stigmata of the Immaculate) but it was less chaotic and with a little bit of thrash metal.
Iacono had vocal lessons for the death metal genre after he was complaining that he was losing his voice during or after the band performed concerts. Their fifth studio album Epic: The Poetry of War was released on September 17, 2001. The album featured a little bit of a melodic approach to death metal however they did not step into the boundaries of melodic death metal. The band released their sixth studio album Shadows & Dust on October 15, 2002. The album is considered to be one of the most successful albums by the members of Kataklysm because of the positive attention that the album received and the sales it gathered.

Their seventh studio album Serenity in Fire was released on March 9, 2004. The album featured Martin Maurais temporarily replacing Max Duhamel on drums. Duhamel said that he forced out of the band because of injuries but recovered from his injuries and played with the band on their eighth album In the Arms of Devastation which was released on February 21, 2006.
The band is known for using a frequently used drum pattern which they call "Northern Hyperblast". The band was ranked #7 on AOL Radio's list of the 10 best Death Metal bands.

Band members
Current
Maurizio Iacono – vocals (1998–present), bass (1991–1998)
Jean-Francois Dagenais – guitars (1991–present)
Max Duhamel – drums (1994–1996, 1999–2002, 2006–present)
Stephane Barbe – bass (1998–present)

Former
Stephane Coté – guitar (1991–1992)
Ariel Saied Martinez – drums (1991–1992)
Sylvain Houde – vocals (1991–1997)
Nick Miller – drums (1996–1998)
Jean-François Richard – drums (2002–2003)
Martin Maurais – drums (2003–2004)

Discography

Albums
Sorcery (1995)
Temple of Knowledge (1996)
Victims of this Fallen World (1998)
The Prophecy (Stigmata of the Immaculate) (2000)
Epic: The Poetry of War (2001)
Shadows & Dust (2002)
Serenity in Fire (2004)
In the Arms of Devastation (2006)
Prevail (2008)
Heaven's Venom (2010)
Waiting for the End to Come (2013)

References

Other websites
Official website
1990s music groups
1991 establishments in Canada
2000s music groups
2010s music groups
Canadian death metal bands
People from Montreal
America's Next Top Model, Cycle 4 is the fourth season of America's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 14 contestants. The winner was 20-year-old Naima Mora.

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Ford Models
 A spread in Elle
 A $100,000 contract with CoverGirl

Contestants
 Brittany Brower
 Sarah Dankleman-Dore
 Michelle Deighton
 Rebecca Epley
 Lluviana "Lluvy" Gomez-Gibbs
 Keenyah Hill
 Naima Mora
 Christina Murphy
 Brita Petersons-Wald
 Tiffany Richardson
 Kahlen Rondot
 Brandy Rusher
 Noelle Staggers

Episodes
1.
casting episode

2.
Best: Tiffany Richardson
Worst: Brita Petersons-Wald & Brandy Rusher
Eliminated: Brita Petersons-Wald

3.
Best: Keenyah Hill
Worst: Sarah Dankleman-Dore & Brittany Brower
Eliminated: Sarah Dankleman-Dore

4.
Best: Brittany Brower
Worst: Lluvy Gomez-Gibbs & Brandy Rusher
Eliminated: Brandy Rusher

5.
Best: Rebecca Epley
Worst: Noelle Staggers & Lluvy Gomez-Gibbs
Eliminated: Noelle Staggers
6.
Best: Kahlen Rondot
Worst: Rebecca Epley & Lluvy Gomez-Gibbs
Eliminated: Lluvy Gomez-Gibbs

7.
Best: Brittany Brower
Worst/Eliminated: Tiffany Richardson & Rebecca Epley

8.
Best: Kahlen Rondot
Worst: Tatiana Dante & Michelle Deighton
Eliminated: Tatiana Dante

9.
Best: Kahlen Rondot
Worst: Michelle Deighton & Keenyah Hill
Eliminated: Michelle Deighton

10.
Best: Naima Mora
Worst: Christina Murphy & Brittany Brower
Eliminated: Christina Murphy

11.
Best: Keenyah Hill
Worst: Naima Mora & Brittany Brower
Eliminated: Brittany Brower

12.
recap episode

13.
Best: Naima Mora
Worst: Keenyah Hill & Kahlen Rondot
Eliminated: Keenyah Hill

Final Two: Naima Mora & Kahlen Rondot
Winner: Naima Mora

04
William Bradford (15901657) was a passenger on the Mayflower in 1620. He travelled to the New World to live in religious freedom.  He became the second Governor of Plymouth Colony and served for over 30 years. Bradford kept a journal of the history of the early life in Plymouth Colony. It is called Of Plymouth Plantation.

Childhood 

Bradford was born to William and Alice Bradford in Austerfield, Yorkshire, England. His family were farmers. The Bradford family owned a large farm and were considered rich.

Bradford's father died was he was one year old. When he was four years old he was sent to live with his grandfather. Two years later, his grandfather died and he returned to live with his mother and stepfather. A year later, in 1597, his mother died. Bradford became an orphan at age 7. He was sent to live with two uncles.
His uncles wanted Bradford to help on the farm but Bradford was ill and was not able to work. Bradford started to read many books. One of the books was the Bible. This may be where he started learning of a religion that was different from the church of England.

When Bradford was 12 years old he went with a friend to hear the pastor Richard Clyfton. Clyfton was a minister who did not believe in the Church of England. Bradford believed in Clyfton’s words. His uncles told him not to go to that church but he went anyway.

During one meeting he became friends with William Brewster. Brewster did not live far away and Bradford borrowed books from him about the new church.
King James I of England started to punish the people who did not follow the Church of England. They were called Separatists. By 1607 many members of the Separatists were arrested. Brewster was made to pay a fine for going to the church. Some members were put into prison and others were watched night and day. The people also learned that other Separatists in London had been put into prison and left to starve to death.

The Separatists decided to leave England for the Dutch Republic (where religious freedom was permitted). William Bradford went with them. It was illegal to leave England. The group was betrayed by an English sea captain who brought them to the English authorities. Most of the congregation, and Bradford, were put into prison. By the summer of 1608, the Separatists, and William Bradford, escaped to Leiden, Netherlands. Bradford was 18.
In the Dutch Republic
 William Bradford moved to Amsterdam in August 1608. He lived with the Brewsters in Stink Alley. The Separatists had spent most of their money leaving England and were poor. After nine months, the congregation moved to the smaller city of Leiden.

When Bradford turned 21 he received some money. Bradford purchased his own house. He built a workshop and worked as a weaver. He was liked.

In 1613, Bradford married Dorothy May, the daughter of a rich English couple living in Amsterdam. In 1617, the Bradfords had their first child, John Bradford.
By 1617, the Separatists decided to travel to Virginia Colony in North America. The Separatists could practice their religion in the Dutch Republic, they wanted their children to keep their English customs and language. The colonists made a business arrangement with the Merchant Adventurers. These were a group of men who were willing to pay for the Pilgrims to go to the New World with the promise that the pilgrims would pay them back with furs and other goods they got from the colony. By July 1620, Robert Cushman and John Carver had made the plans and fifty Separatists left Delftshaven on the ship Speedwell.

Many families were split as some Separatists stayed behind in the Netherlands, planning to make the voyage to the New World after the colony had been established. William and Dorothy Bradford left their three-year-old son John with Dorothy's parents in Amsterdam, possibly because he was too frail to make the voyage.
Departure 
The Speedwell planned to meet with the Mayflower and both ships would travel to Virginia Colony. The Speedwell proved unsafe and the passengers were put on the Mayflower. This made the ship very crowded. Not all the passengers were Separatists. There were about 50 colonists who went because they had certain skills. These skills would prove useful on the Mayflower and at the colony. Bradford said they hugged each other and cried and said goodbye to family and friends for the last time. They knew they were pilgrims and lifted their eyes to heaven, their dearest country and this comforted them.

The Mayflower Voyage 
The Mayflower left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the Mayflower spotted land. The Mayflower was supposed to land in Virginia Colony, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor.
They landed on November 21. They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other. Bradford signed the Mayflower Compact.

Anchored and first explorations at Plymouth Colony
Up to this time, Bradford, aged 30, had never been a leader in the colony. When the Mayflower anchored in the Harbor, the men went out to explore the land for a place where they could live. Bradford volunteered to be a member of the exploration parties. In November and December, these parties went out three times on foot and by boat.
During this time, they searched areas all around the bay and found a place to live and build their homes. The location had a large hill. This hill is now called Burial Hill. It was a good place to build a fort for safety against any possible enemies. There were many brooks providing water. They would later find out that the site had been the location of a Native American village known as Patuxet; and that is why a large area had already been cleared for planting of food. The Patuxet tribe of Indians, between 1616 and 1619, had all died from bad sickness. Bradford later wrote that bones of the dead were easy to find in many places.

Plymouth Colony

Great sickness
The Mayflower arrived in Plymouth Bay on 20 December 1620. The settlers began building the colony's first house on 25 December.
On January 11, 1621, as Bradford was helping to build houses when he was got a great pain in his hipbone and fell. Bradford was taken to the "common house" (the only house that was finished) and they thought he would die that night, but he did not.

Bradford got well but many of the pilgrims were not so fortunate. During the months of February and March 1621 sometimes two or three people died every day. By the end of the winter, half of the 100 settlers had died. They buried their dead in secret so the Native Americans would not see how many were dying. They buried them in Cole's Hill and tried to also hide the graves from the animals.
There were only a small number of men who were healthy. Everyone, including the children had to work and care for the sick. One of these was Captain Myles Standish. He was a soldier who had been hired by the settlers to protect the people of the colony. Standish cared for Bradford during his illness. They became good friends. Bradford had no military experience and when he became governor he would come to trust Captain Standish's advice on military matters.

William was chosen by the people to be Governor of Plymouth Colony. He kept journals (a written record) which are very important even today because they are the only history of how the Mayflower passengers and their families lived in Plymouth Colony. He died before he could finish the second book.
Early service as governor
On March 16, the settlers had their first meeting with the Native Americans who lived in the region. Samoset, an Indian walked into the village of Plymouth and greeted them in English. Samoset had learned some English from the traders who had visited the area he was from. This soon led to a visit by Massasoit, the leader of the Pokanoket tribe. At that meeting, Massassoit made a treaty with Governor John Carver. The treaty said that they would be friends and protect each other against unfriendly Indians.

Bradford wrote down what was said. He would soon become governor and the treaty that was very important was the promise to help each other. This agreement was not liked by Massasoit's enemies in other tribes.

In April 1621, Governor Carver became sick while working in the fields on a hot day. He died a few days later. The settlers of Plymouth then chose Bradford as the new governor. Bradford would remain governor most of his life.
The elected leadership of Plymouth Colony was at first a governor and an assistant governor. The assistant governor for the first three years of the colony's history was Isaac Allerton. In 1624, it was changed to five assistants. This was called  the "governor's council". These men gave advice to the governor and had a vote on important matters. They helped Bradford in managing the Colony. Assistants during the early years of the colony included Thomas Prence, Stephen Hopkins, John Alden, and John Howland.

Family
William Bradford married Dorothy in Amsterdam, Holland on December 10, 1613. They had one son. Dorothy fell from the deck of the Mayflower into the water and drowned a short time after the ship landed. Her husband was on an exploring mission. John was born in Leiden, Holland and died in 1620.

His second wife was Alice Southwarth in Plymouth. They had three children. She died in Plymouth in March 1670 and was buried on Burial Hill in Plymouth near her husband.
Literary works
Bradford wrote Of Plymouth Plantation. It was a history about Plymouth colony. It is often called a journal. It was a collection of what he saw and what he thought was important. This was written in two books. The first book was written in 1630 but the second was never finished. During the years 1646 and 1650, he wrote about the colony's history up to 1646.