Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Movies 
Deep Blues: A Musical Pilgrimage to the Crossroads (1991).  Directed by Robert Mugge
American Patchwork:  Songs and Stories of America, part 3:  "The Land Where the Blues Began" (1990).  Written, directed, and produced by Alan Lomax; developed by the Association for Cultural Equity at Columbia University and Hunter College.  North Carolina Public TV; A Dibb Direction production for Channel Four.
You See Me Laughin': The Last of the Hill Country Bluesmen (2003; released by Fat Possum Records in 2005). Produced and directed by Mandy Stein.  Oxford, Mississippi: Plain Jane Productions, Inc; Fat Possum Records.

References

Other websites 
 Allmusic.com artist page
 Fat Possum artist website
 Mabe, Ed. R. L. Burnside: One Badass Bluesman. Nov. 1999.

1926 births
2005 deaths
Singers from Mississippi
American guitarists
Blues guitarists
Musicians from Mississippi
Dal Lake is a lake in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The lake is connected to other lakes of the Kashmir Valley. It is well known for its approximately 500 Victorian era wooden houseboats, originally built as vacation homes for landless British administrators during the Raj.

Other websites

Lakes of India
Jammu and Kashmir
Pangong Tso (or Pangong Lake; Tso: Ladakhi for lake) is a lake in the Himalayas at a height of about 4,250 m (13,900 ft). It is 134 km (83.3 mi) long and extends from Ladakh to Tibet. Two thirds of the length of this lake is in Tibet. The lake is 5 km (3 mi) wide at its widest point. In winter, the lake surface freezes completely despite being salt water.

Photo

Lakes of India
Geography of the People's Republic of China
Tsomoriri is a lake on a plateau in Ladakh, in Jammu and Kashmir.

Lakes of Asia
Geography of Kashmir
Wular Lake (also spelt Wullar) is one of the largest fresh water lakes in Asia. It is in the Jammu and Kashmir, between the cities of Sopore and Bandipore. The lake was formed as a result of tectonic activity and is the largest freshwater lake in Asia.

The Jhelum River feeds into the lake, which acts as a natural flood reservoir. The size can vary between , depending on the season
Tulbul project is on wular lake

History
The Kashmiri sultan Zain-ul-Abidin is reputed to have ordered the construction of the artificial island of Zaina Lank in the middle of the lake in 1444.

Related pages 
 Dal Lake

References

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Ansoo Lake (Teardrop Lake) is a lake in the Kaghan Valley in Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Its elevation is . It is near Malika Parbat in the Himalayas.

References

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Mansehra District
Borith Lake is a lake in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. Borith is a hamlet near Borith Lake. The altitude of Borith is about  above sea level.

Lakes of Pakistan
Dudiptsar lake or Dudipat Lake is a lake in Pakistan. It is in the extreme north of Kaghan Valley. It is about a four-hour drive from the chief town Naran. The word "dudi" means white and "sar" means lake. The lake was named because it reflects the white color of snow on the mountain peaks around it. The lake's water is greenish blue and very cold.

The lake used to have a lot of trout. Now there aren't as many because of illegal fishing using dynamite and nets.

This lake is very little visited by people. Getting to the lake takes four to six hours of tough hiking and trekking. The earthquake on October 8, 2005 in North Pakistan made it more difficult to get to the lake. However, the government of Pakistan decided on March 14, 2006 to take all steps to restore tourism of the Kaghan valley. That includes building new tourism spots and rebuilding previously destroyed ones.

Surrounding area
Surrounding area

Dudipatsar is close to another major lake, Lake Lulusar, which is the main contributory to the Kunhar River that runs through Kaghan valley. The whole area is private property but declared national park by Government of Pakistan.

The area is accessible for four months every year from June-September. After that, it is closed because of snow.

References

Lakes of Pakistan
Haleji Lake () is a lake in Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan.

Lakes of Pakistan
Hanna Lake () is a lake in Pakistan. It is  from Quetta. It is one of the main attractions of the city. The lake is near the place where the Urak Valley begins.

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Upper Kachura Lake is a lake in Pakistan. It is  from Lower Kachura Lake. It is famous for its natural scenic beauty and its moderate climate.

Related pages
Lower Kachura Lake, also called Shangrila Lake

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Kalri Lake () or Kinjhar Lake () is a lake in Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan.

Lakes of Pakistan
Kundol Lake is a lake in Pakistan. It is in Swat Valley, Pakistan and can be reached from Kalam. It is  above sea level.

Lakes of Pakistan
Lulusar is a lake near the Naran Valley in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The word "sar" means "top or peak" in Pashto. Actually Lulusar is the name of the mountains that contain the lake. So, it is the lake of Lulusar. It is located at N35.0804 E73.9266, at a height of 11,200 ft (3,410 m) from sea level.

The lake is the main source of the Kunhar River, which flows through the entire Kaghan Valley through Jalkhand, Naran Valley, Kaghan, Jared, Paras and Balakot until it joins the Jhelum River. The lake is 48 kilometers away from Naran, on the Naran-Babusar road. Lulusar marks the historic place where 55 participants of the 1857 war of independence were arrested.

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Mahodand Lake is a lake about 40 km from Kalam, in Pakistan's upper Ushu Valley. The lake is close to Lake Saifullah and Naseerullah. It is accessible with a four-wheel drive vehicle, and is a good location for fishing.

Lakes of Pakistan
Lake Manchar is the largest freshwater lake in Pakistan and one of Asia's largest. It is located west of the Indus River in Sindh. The area of the lake fluctuates with the seasons from as little as 350 km² to as much as 520 km². The lake collects water from numerous small streams in the Kirthar Mountains and empties into the Indus River.

Lakes of Pakistan
Namal Lake is in one corner of the Namal valley in Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. This lake was created when Namal Dam was constructed in 1913. Namal Dam is 32 km from Mianwali city. The lake has a surface area of 5.5 km². There are mountains on its western and southern sides. On the other two sides are agricultural areas.

Namal Lake is an ideal abode for the migratory birds in winter season when thousands of water fowls, including Russian ducks and Siberian cranes, land in the lake water.

Lakes of Pakistan
Rama Lake is a lake near Astore in Northern Areas, Pakistan. It is on the top of the beautiful Astore Valley, covered with oak trees and greenery.

Lakes of Pakistan
Rawal Lake is an artificial reservoir in Pakistan that provides the water needs for the cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. This artificial lake covers an area of 8.8 km². Rawal Lake is located within an isolated section of the Margalla Hills National Park.

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Rush Lake is a high altitude lake near Rush Pari Peak (5,098 m) in Pakistan. At over , Rush is one of the highest alpine lakes in the world. It is about  north of Miar Peak and Spantik (Golden Peak), which are in the Nagar valley. Rush Lake and Rush Peak can be reached via Nagar and Hopar and via the Hopar Glacier (Bualtar Glacier) and Miar Glacier, which rises from Miar and Phuparash peaks. The trek to Rush Lake provides spectacular views of Spantik, Miar Peak, Phuparash Peak and Ultar Sar.

Lakes of Pakistan
The thought experiment was created by Max  In the thought experiment, a person stands in front of a gun which fires if it detects a subatomic particle as having an upward spin, or does not fire if the gun detects a downward spin. The gun does this repeatedly. From an outside perspective, both outcomes are equally likely. However, according to the thought experiment, if the many-worlds interpretation is true, the person in front of the gun finds that the gun never fires, even though this is very, very unlikely. In the many-worlds interpretation, the gun fires in one world and does not fire in another, but the person can only continue being conscious in a world in which the gun does not fire. According to the thought experiment, such a person would find themselves to be immortal.
In response to questions about whether people should generally expect to be immortal, Max Tegmark stated that is flawed reasoning because dying is not an instantaneous event, and "fully dead" and "fully alive" are not the only possible outcomes, as in the thought experiment. Rather, it is a progressive process, with a continuous series of states of decreasing consciousness. In most real causes of death, one's self-awareness fades out gradually. It is only within this specific imaginary scenario that a person finds themselves surviving.

Most experts believe that the experiment would not actually work in the real world.
Max Tegmark now believes that from their own point of view, the person in the thought experiment should not expect immortality. Since they die in some worlds, they afterwards exist in much fewer worlds than they had before. People are less likely to find themselves in a world where their own existence is less likely. Therefore, it is only a possibility, not a certainty, that the person who does the experiment then goes on to feel like they survived. This same problem, of not existing as much afterwards, was pointed out by Lev Vaidman in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Physicist Sean M. Carroll, though also in favor of the many-worlds interpretation, states about quantum suicide that neither experiences nor rewards should be thought of as being shared between future versions of oneself, because these future versions become distinct persons when the world splits. He then states that a person cannot pick out some future versions of oneself as really being oneself and not the others. He concludes that quantum suicide kills some of these future selves, which is a bad thing the same as if there were no other worlds.

Related pages
 Multiverse

References

Other websites
Mallah, J. Many-Worlds Interpretations Can Not Imply 'Quantum Immortality'
.

Quantum mechanics
Suicide
Lake Saiful Muluk () is a lake at the northern end of the Kaghan Valley ( 34°52′37.34″N, 73°41′37.71″E) near Naran. It is in the northeast of Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. At an altitude of 3,224 m (10,578 feet) above sea level it is one of the highest lakes in Pakistan.

Lakes of Pakistan
Mansehra District
Satpara Lake is an important lake in Skardu Valley in Pakistan. It supplies water for the town of Skardu, which is at 2,636 meters (8,650 ft) above sea level.

Lakes of Pakistan
Shangrila Lake or Lower Kachura Lake is a part of the Shangrila resort. It is about 20 minutes from Skardu (nearly 2,500 m or 8,200 feet) town.

It is a popular tourist destination, and has a unique restaurant that is built on the fuselage of an aircraft that had crashed nearby.

Shangrila was established in 1983 with the opening of the first Resort Hotel in Skardu, Baltistan. It was named "heaven on earth" because of its spectacular beauty,and breathtaking view and peaceful atmosphere. Shangrila Resort Hotel was founded by the late Brig.(Retd) Muhammad Aslam Khan, the first commander of the Northern Scouts who liberated the Northern Areas in 1948.
Shangrila was named after a book titled "Lost Horizon" by James Hilton. In the novel, the author narrates a tale in which an aeroplane crash landed near a riverbed, in the early 1920s. The surviving passengers came across some Buddhist monks from a nearby temple and sought their help. They were taken to a beautiful lamasery filled with a variety of fruits and flowers. The monks looked quite young, although they claimed to be hundreds of years old. The idyllic place was called Shangri-la, a Chinese word meaning "Heaven on earth".

Lakes of Pakistan
Sheosar Lake () is a lake in Deosai Plains, Northern Areas of Pakistan. The lake is in Deosai National Park in Gilgit-Baltistan Province.  The lake is at an elevation of 4,142 m (13,589 feet). Its approximate length is reported to be 2.3 km (1.4 miles), width 1.8 km (1.2 miles) and average depth 40 m (131 feet).

Meanings in local language (Shina)
Sheosar Lake means Blind Lake, as Sheo in Shina Language means Blind and Sar means Lake.

Routes to the lake
The lake is accessible through two routes. One is via Skardu and the other via Astore District.

Skardu route
The road through Skardu can be covered by jeep in few hours, however, if trekked, it can take 2 days.

Astore route
Second route is from Astore District.
Best time to visit
Between the months of November to May the whole area of Deosai is snow bound. However, the area is full of natural beauty during Spring and Summer Season. During spring, the whole surrounding gets covered with wide variety of colorful flowers and butterflies. The best time of visiting this beautiful lake is in summer between June to September.

References

Other websites

Lakes of Pakistan
Snow Lake, or Lukpe Lawo, is a high-altitude glacial basin in the Karakoram mountain range in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. It is not a lake.

Gilgit-Baltistan
The Drang-drung Glacier is the largest glacier in Zanskar which lies in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir state of India. It is situted near the Pensi-la, which is a high pass considered gateway to Zanskar region. The Stod river originates from this glacier.

Glaciers of Pakistan
The Baltoro Glacier, at 62 kilometers long, is one of the longest glaciers outside of the polar regions. It is in Baltistan, in the Northern Areas of Pakistan, and runs through part of the Karakoram mountain range. The Baltoro Muztagh is to the north and east of the glacier, while the Masherbrum Mountains lie to the south. At 8,611 m (28,251 ft), K2 is the highest mountain in the region, and three others within 20 km top 8,000 m. 

The glacier gives rise to the Shigar River, which is a tributary of the Indus River. Several large tributary glaciers feed the main Baltoro glacier, including the Godwin Austen Glacier, flowing south from K2; the Abruzzi and the various Gasherbrum Glaciers, flowing from the Gasherbrum group of peaks; the Vigne Glacier, flowing from Chogolisa, and the Yermandendu Glacier, flowing from Masherbrum. The confluence of the main Baltoro Glacier with the Godwin Austen Glacier is known as Concordia; this location and K2 base camp are popular trekking destinations.
The trough of this glacier is very wide. Small valley glaciers form icefalls where they meet the trunk glacier. The sidewalls vary from very steep to precipitous. The glacier has carved striations on the surrounding country rocks. Moving ice has formed depressions, which serve as basins for numerous glacial lakes.

The glacier can be approached via the important Balti town of Skardu.

Glaciers of Pakistan
The Biafo Glacier is a 67 km long glacier in the Karakoram Mountains of the Northern Areas, Pakistan which meets the 49 km long Hispar Glacier at an altitude of 5,128 m (16,824 feet) at Hispar La (Pass) to create the world's longest glacial system outside of the polar regions. This highway of ice connects two ancient mountain kingdoms, Nagar (immediately south of Hunza) in the west with Baltistan in the east. The traverse uses 51 of the Biafo Glacier's 63 km and all of the Hispar Glacier to form a 100 km glacial route. Scientists still are yet to find out how old this glacier actually is 

Glaciers of Pakistan
The Abruzzi Glacier is a glacier north of the Baltoro Kangri peak in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The glacier joins Baltoro Glacier (one of the largest glaciers outside polar region) that flows northwest in the beginning and then turns westward.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Gilgit-Baltistan
The Biarchedi Glacier is on the northeast of Biarchedi Peak in Pakistan. It flows north into the Baltoro Glacier.

Glaciers of Pakistan
The Godwin-Austen Glacier is near K2 in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. Its confluence with the Baltoro Glacier is called Concordia and is one of the most favorite spots for trekking in Pakistan since it provides excellent views of four of the five eight-thousanders in Pakistan.

The glacier can be approached via the important Balti town of Skardu.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Gondogoro Glacier or Gondoghoro Glacier is glacier near Concordia in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. It serves as an alternative means to reach Concordia; the confluence of Baltoro Glacier and Godwin-Austen Glacier.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Hispar Glacier is a 49 km long glacier in the Karakoram Mountains of the (Northern Areas, Pakistan) which meets the 63 km long Biafo Glacier at the Hispar La Pass (mountain Pass) at an altitude of 5,128 m (16,824 feet) to create the world's longest glacial system outside of the polar regions. This 100 km highway of ice connects two ancient mountain kingdoms, Nagar (immediately south of Hunza) in the west with Baltistan in the east. The extreme steepness of the hillsides and strenuous nature of the boulder hopping on the lateral moraines and hillsides make this route's upper half the most difficult part of the Biafo - Hispar traverse. Only the Hispar La day includes walking on the Hispar Glacier. The crossing of four major tributary glaciers from the north is most taxing, and potentially high nullah crossings can be dangerous. The views of 7,800 meter (25,600 foot) peaks and of the snow covered cliffs and mountains on the south side of the glacier are particularly impressive.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Miar Glacier is a glacier that forms in the north of Miar Peak (6,824 m) in Pakistan.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Panmah Glacier is a glacier in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. It is in the Central Karakoram National Park.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Rupal Glacier (or Tashain Glacier) is a glacier in the Great Himalaya subrange of the Himalayas. It starts in the north of an unnamed  peak and flows northeast in the north of Laila Peak (Rupal Valley) and in the south of Nanga Parbat's many peaks. The melt water from the glacier forms Rupal River.

Glaciers of Pakistan
The Sarpo Laggo Glacier (meaning "young husband") is a glacier in the Northern Areas of Pakistan, in the Karakoram mountain range of the Himalayas.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Shani Glacier is a glacier in the north of Shani Peak (5,887 metres) in Naltar Valley, Pakistan.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Trango Glacier is a glacier near Trango Tower mountain in Baltistan, Northern Areas of Pakistan.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Vigne Glacier is a glacier in the Northern Areas, Pakistan near Gondogoro Glacier and Baltoro Glacier.

Glaciers of Pakistan
Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is a 2004 movie from Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon movies. It stars Jim Carrey as Count Olaf.

Other websites 
Official website 

A Series of Unfortunate Events
2004 fantasy movies
2000s American fantasy movies
German movies
Liechtenstein movies
2000s English-language movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by Brad Silberling
Movies set in North Carolina
Lemony Snicket is the pen name of the author who wrote the books in the A Series of Unfortunate Events series. Lemony Snicket's real name is Daniel Handler.

Snicket as a character
About once per book, Snicket provides the reader with glimpses of his life. He says that he:
 plays the accordion very badly
 was chased by an angry mob
 had an unhappy love affair with a woman called Beatrice, who even wrote a book (200 pages) explaining why it was impossible for her to marry him
 attended a costume ball dressed as a bullfighter, to gain access to his beloved Beatrice, who was dressed as a dragonfly

He also dedicated his life to the Baudelaire orphans story.

A Series of Unfortunate Events
Pen names
Kermit Ernest Hollingshead Love (August 7, 1916 – June 21, 2008) was an American puppeteer, costume designer, and actor in children's television and on Broadway. He was best known for his work on Muppets, mainly ones on Sesame Street.

Love started his work when he was young, at first doing work for Broadway, such as making marionettes. He worked with many great names at the time in Broadway and ballet.

In the 1960s, Don Sahlin told Love to meet with Jim Henson, which was where Love and Henson first met. Due to his work in theater, Love knew how to make full-body puppets well. Soon after, Love made Big Bird and other muppets. Even though his name was Kermit, he was not the namesake of Kermit the Frog, who Henson made before meeting Love.

Love still made some non-Sesame Street characters until the early 2000s. He died on June 21, 2008 of heart failure in Poughkeepsie, New York. He is outlived by his life partner, Christopher Lyall.
Other websites
 Rick Lyon's Photos from Love's 85th Birthday Party
 Dance Magazine Profile 
 Internet Broadway Database entry
 IMDB Entry
 Find-a-Grave
 LA Times Obit
 Chicago Tribune Obit 
 MSNBC Obit
 Yahoo Obit
 Metro.co.uk Obit
 Obituary in The Times
 profile at Theater Development Fund

1916 births
2008 deaths
American puppeteers
LGBT people from New Jersey
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Gay men
American costume designers
People from New Jersey
Tarbela Dam ()  is a large dam on the Indus River in Pakistan. The word derives from the name of the former Tarbela village, one of the larger villages at this site chosen for the dam.

Location
It is located about  northwest of Islamabad, largely in the jurisdiction in the Haripur District of the Hazara Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.

History
The plan for the dam was approved during the regime of the Pakistani dictator and later president General Ayub Khan, in the 1960s. Work went on until its completion in 1974. Many villages were submerged and thousands of people dieople splaced in the process.😎

Technical
The dam has a height of  above the river bed. It has a reservoir size of . This makes it the largest earth filled dam in the world. The dam was completed in 1974. It was built to store water from the Indus River for irrigation and flood control, and for creating hydro-electric power.now tli
Reservoir
The reservoir lake formed by the damming of the Indus here, is Tarbela lake, which is very elongated and spread out over a considerable area. The lake has many channels and is surrounded by wild, high hills and scrub and thorn forests. It is now a place where many species of waterfowl and fish are found.  

Dams in Asia
buildings and structures in Pakistan
Hydropower
1974 establishments in Asia
1970s establishments in Pakistan
Haripur District
Colloquy is an IRC client that first came out in 2005. The newest stable, or good version of IceChat is 2.1 that was made in 2007. Colloquy is free which means it does not cost any money to use. The programming language Colloquy is made in is Objective-C. It is licensed as GPL.

Related pages
List of IRC clients

IRC clients
An alarm is something used to alert people quickly to something. Most alarms use loud noises and/or flashing lights. Some alarms may use other ways of attracting peoples attention quickly, such as turning off loud machinery, shaking a bed or pillow.

Types of alarms 
 Alarm clock - A clock designed to make noise to wake up people.
 Burglar alarm - An alarm that sounds if a person tries to enter a building without permission.
 Siren on an emergency vehicle (ambulance, fire truck, police car).
 Severe weather sirens - Used to warn of severe weather, such as tornadoes or tsunamis.
 Klaxon - A type of siren, known for it's distinct sound. Often found on submarines.
 Fire alarm - An alarm for warning of fire inside of a building.

Electronics
The Little River is a tributary of the Canadian River, 90 mi (145 km) long, in central Oklahoma in the United States.It also came from Red River and From Mississippi River

Rivers of Oklahoma
Tornado Alley is a colloquial term most often used to refer to the area of the United States in which tornadoes happen more than in any other part of the country.  The 1974 super tornado outbreak with 148 tornadoes, took place in Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.

States such as Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio are sometimes included in Tornado Alley. Research suggests that tornadoes are happening more often in the northern parts of Tornado Alley where it reaches the Canadian prairies.

Tornado alley geographical area 

Over the years, the location(s) of Tornado Alley have not been clearly defined. No definition of tornado alley has ever been officially chosen by the National Weather Service (NWS). Thus, differences in the place are because of the different criteria used.
The National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) FAQ says that "Tornado Alley" is a term used by the media as a reference to areas that have mroe tornadoes. A study of 1921–1995 tornadoes concluded almost one-fourth of all significant tornadoes happen in this area.

No state has no tornadoes; however, they happen more often in the Central United States, between the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian Mountains.

Another criterion for the location of Tornado Alley (or Tornado Alleys) can be where the strongest tornadoes happen more often.

Origin of the term 
The term "tornado alley" was first used in 1952 by U.S. Air Force meteorologists Major Ernest J. Fawbush (1915–1982) and Captain Robert C. Miller (1920–1998). They used it as the title of a research project to study severe weather in parts of Texas and Oklahoma.
How many tornadoes 
The average tornado stays on ground for only 5 minutes. These figures, reported by the National Climatic Data Center for the period between 1991 and 2010, show the seventeen U.S. states with the most average number of tornadoes per  per year.

 Florida: 12.2
 Kansas: 11.7
 Maryland: 9.9
 Illinois: 9.7
 Mississippi:  9.2
 Iowa: 9.1
 Oklahoma: 9
 South Carolina: 9
 Alabama: 8.6
 Louisiana: 8.5
 Arkansas: 7.5
 Nebraska: 7.4
 Missouri: 6.5
 North Carolina: 6.4
 Tennessee: 6.2
 Indiana: 6.1
 Texas: 5.9

Canadian tornadoes
About half of all Canadian tornadoes hit the Canadian prairies and Northern Ontario as far east as Lake Superior. Together, these areas make up the northernmost border of the U.S. Tornado Alley. Tornadoes up to EF5 in strength have been found in this region.

Schools in Tornado Alley often have tornado drills, and many homes may have tornado shelters where people can go for safety.

References
References

Other websites
 NSSL Tornado Climatology
 Climatological Estimates of Local Daily Tornado Probability for the United States
 Tornado hazards in the United States
 Statistical modeling of tornado intensity distributions

Regions of the United States

Tornadoes in the United States
Mistletoe is the common name for a group of semi-parasitic plants in the order Santalales. They grow attached by a haustorium to the branches of trees or shrubs.
It is not the name of any one plant: rather, it is a name given to plants which have a particular growth-habit.

The different mistletoes have white fruit (berries), and are parasitic on trees and shrubs. The name was invented in Europe, for local mistletoes. Similar parasitic plants are found in other parts of the world.

Species 
The name was first given to Viscum album (European mistletoe, Santalaceae), the only species native in Great Britain and much of Europe. Later the name was given to other related species, including Phoradendron serotinum (the eastern mistletoe of eastern North America, also Santalaceae).

The largest family of mistletoes, Loranthaceae, has 73 genera and over 900 species.
In culture and myths 
European mistletoe played a large role in Greek mythology, and is believed to be The Golden Bough of Aeneas, ancestor of the Romans. The Norse god Baldr was killed with mistletoe.

In Romanian traditions, mistletoe (vâsc in Romanian) is considered a source of good fortune.

William Shakespeare mentions it in Titus Andronicus, Act II, Scene I: "Overcome with moss and baleful mistletoe".

Mistletoe is often used as a Christmas decoration. Viscum album is used in Europe and Phoradendron serotinum is used in North America. According to custom, the mistletoe must not touch the ground between its cutting and its removal as the last of Christmas greens at Candlemas; it may remain hanging through the year, often to preserve the house from lightning or fire, until it was replaced the following Christmas Eve.

Mistletoe (Phoradendron flavescens) is the state floral emblem for the State of Oklahoma.
Kissing under mistletoe at Christmas  
According to a custom during Christmas, any two people who meet under a hanging of mistletoe are urged to kiss. The custom started in Scandinavia.

References

Other websites

 The Mistletoe Center
 About mistletoe
 Parasitic plant connection. See families Misodendraceae, Loranthaceae, Santalaceae, and Viscaceae
 Phoradendron serotinum images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu 
 Scientific studies, research and clinical trials on mistletoe treatment in cancer 

Santalales
Symbols of Oklahoma
Parasitic plants
A potoroo is any member genus Potorous.

Classification 

 SUBORDER MACROPODIFORMES
 Family Potoroidae
 Subfamily Potoroinae
 Genus Potorous
 Gilbert's Potoroo, Potorous gilbertii
 Long-footed Potoroo, Potorous longipes
 †Broad-faced Potoroo, Potorous platyops
 Long-nosed Potoroo, Potorous tridactylus

Marsupials of Australia
Diprotodonts
Sir Michael John Gambon CBE (19 October 1940 – 27 September 2023) was an Irish-born British actor with a career that spaned nearly five decades and included a variety of roles in movie, television and theatre.

Early life
Gambon was born on 19 October 1940 in Dublin during World War II. His father, Edward Gambon, was an engineer and his mother, Mary (née Hoare), was a seamstress. His father decided to seek work in the rebuilding of London, and so the family moved to Mornington Crescent in north London, when Gambon was five. His father had him made a British citizen — a decision that would later allow Michael to receive an actual, rather than honorary, knighthood and CBE. (although, under the British Nationality Act 1981 anyone born in Ireland before 1949 can still register as a British subject and, after five years' UK residence, as a British citizen).
Raised a strict Catholic, he attended St Aloysius Boys' School in Somers Town and served at the altar. He then moved to St Aloysius' College in Hornsey Lane, Highgate, London, whose former pupils included Peter Sellers. He later attended a school in Kent, before leaving with no qualifications at fifteen. He then gained an apprenticeship with Vickers Armstrong as a toolmaker. By the time he was 21 he was a fully qualified engineer. He kept the job for a further year – acquiring a fascination and passion for collecting antique guns, clocks and watches, as well as classic cars.

Early acting career 
Aged 19, he joined the Unity Theatre in Kings Cross. Five years later he wrote a letter to Michael MacLiammoir, the Irish theatre impresario who ran Dublin's Gate Theatre. It was accompanied by a CV describing a rich and wholly imaginary theatre career – and he was taken on.
Gambon made his professional stage début in the Gaiety Theatre, Dublin's 1962 production of Othello, playing "Second Gentleman", followed by a European tour. A year later, cheekily auditioning with the opening soliloquy from Richard III, he caught the eye of star-maker Laurence Olivier who was recruiting promising spear-carriers for his new National Theatre Company. Gambon, along with Robert Stephens, Derek Jacobi and Frank Finlay, was hired as one of the ‘to be renowned’ and played any number of small roles.  The company initially performed at the Old Vic, their first production being Hamlet, directed by Olivier and starring Peter O'Toole. He played for four years in many NT productions, including named roles in The Recruiting Officer and The Royal Hunt of the Sun, working with directors William Gaskill and John Dexter.
Work in the theatre 
After three years at the Old Vic, Olivier advised Gambon to gain experience in provincial rep. In 1967, he left the NT for the Birmingham Repertory Company which was to give him his first crack at the title roles in Othello (his favourite), Macbeth and Coriolanus.

His rise to stardom began in 1974 when Eric Thompson cast him as the melancholy vet in Alan Ayckbourn's The Norman Conquests at Greenwich. A speedy transfer to the West End established him as a brilliant comic actor, squatting at a crowded dining table on a tiny chair and sublimely agonising over a choice between black or white coffee.
Back at the National, now on the South Bank, his next turning point was Peter Hall's premiere staging of Harold Pinter's Betrayal, an unexpectedly subtle performance — a production photograph shows him embracing Penelope Wilton with sensitive hands and long slim fingers (the touch of a master clock-maker). He is also one of the few actors to have mastered the harsh demands of the vast Olivier Theatre. As Simon Callow once said: “Gambon's ‘iron lungs and overwhelming charisma are able to command a sort of operatic full-throatedness which triumphs over hard walls and long distances.”
This was to serve him in good stead in John Dexter's masterly staging of The Life of Galileo in 1980, the first Brecht to become a popular success. Hall called him ‘unsentimental, dangerous and immensely powerful’, even the Sunday Times’ curmudgeonly critic of the day called his performance ‘a decisive step in the direction of great tragedy...great acting’, while fellow actors paid him the rare compliment of applauding him in the dressing room on the first night.
From the first Ralph Richardson dubbed him The Great Gambon, an accolade which stuck, outshining his 1990 CBE, even the later knighthood, although Gambon dismisses it as a circus slogan. But as Sheridan Morley perceptively remarked in 2000, when reviewing Cressida: ‘Gambon's eccentricity on stage now begins to rival that of his great mentor Richardson’. Also like Richardson, interviews are rarely given and raise more questions than they answer. Gambon is a very private person, a ‘non-starry star’ as Ayckbourn called him. Off-stage he prefers to back out of the limelight, an unpretentious guy sharing laughs with his fellow cast and crew.
While he has won screen acclaim, no-one who saw his ravaged King Lear at Stratford, while still in his early forties, will forget his superb double act with a red-nosed Antony Sher as the Fool sitting on his master's knee like a ventriloquist's doll. There were also notable appearances in Old Times at the Theatre Royal Haymarket, and as Volpone and the brutal sergeant in Pinter's Mountain Language.

David Hare's Skylight, with Lia Williams, which opened to rave reviews at the National in 1995, transferred first to Wyndhams Theatre and then on to Broadway for a four-month run which left him in a state of advanced exhaustion. “Skylight was ten times as hard to play as anything I’ve ever done” he told Michael Owen in the Evening Standard. “I had a great time in New York but couldn’t wait to get back”.
Gambon is almost the only leading actor not to grace Yasmina Reza's ART at Wyndham's. But together with Simon Russell Beale and Alan Bates he gave a deliciously droll radio account of the role of Marc. And for the RSC he shared Reza's two-hander The Unexpected Man with Eileen Atkins, first at The Pit in the Barbican and then at the Duchess Theatre, a production also intended for New York but finally delayed by other commitments.

In 2001, he portrayed what he described as “a physically repulsive’’ Davies in Patrick Marber's revival of Pinter's The Caretaker, but he found the rehearsal period an unhappy experience, and felt that he had let down the author. A year later, playing opposite Daniel Craig, he portrayed the father of a series of cloned sons in Caryl Churchill's A Number at the Royal Court, notable for a recumbent moment when he smoked a cigarette, the brightly lit spiral of smoke rising against a black backdrop, an effect which he dreamed up during rehearsals.
In 2004, he finally achieved a life-long ambition to play Sir John Falstaff, in Nicholas Hytner's National Theatre production of Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2, co-starring with Matthew Macfadyen as Prince Hal.

Screen success and acceptance 
He made his movie debut in the Laurence Olivier Othello in 1965. He then played romantic leads, notably in the early 1970s BBC television series, The Borderers, in which he was swashbuckling Gavin Ker. As a result, Gambon was asked by James Bond producer Cubby Broccoli to audition for the role in 1970, to replace George Lazenby. His craggy looks soon made him into a character actor, although he won critical acclaim as Galileo in John Dexter's production of The Life of Galileo by Brecht at the National Theatre in 1980. But it was not until Dennis Potter's The Singing Detective (1986) that he became a household name. After this success, for which he won a BAFTA, his work includes movies such as The Cook, The Thief, His Wife and Her Lover which also starred Helen Mirren.
In 1992, he portrayed a psychotic general in the Barry Levinson movie Toys and he also starred as Georges Simenon's detective Inspector Jules Maigret in an ITV adaptation of Simenon's series of books. He starred as Fyodor Dostoevsky in the Hungarian director Károly Makk's movie The Gambler (1997) about the writing of Fyodor Dostoevsky's novella The Gambler.

Recent career 
In recent years, movies such as Dancing at Lughnasa (1998) and Plunkett & Macleane (1998), as well as television appearances in series such as Wives and Daughters (1999) (for which he won another BAFTA), a made-for-TV adaptation of Samuel Beckett's Endgame (2001) and Perfect Strangers (2001) have revealed a talent for comedy. In 2004, he appeared in five movies, including Wes Anderson's quirky comedy The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou; the British gangster flick Layer Cake; theatrical drama Being Julia; and CGI action fantasy Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow.
Perhaps his most significant role in 2004, however, was Albus Dumbledore, Hogwarts' headmaster in the third installment of J. K. Rowling's franchise, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, taking over from fellow Irish actor Richard Harris, who had died of Hodgkins disease. (Harris had also played Maigret on television four years before Gambon took that role.) Gambon reprised the role of Albus Dumbledore in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, which was released in November 2005 in the UK and U.S. He returned to the role again in the fifth movie, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, which was released in 2007. He will once again return to portray Dumbledore in movie the sixth Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. Gambon admits not having read the Harry Potter novels and says that this is because he does not want to be upset by an extremely large change or death in the books.  Similarly, he has also stated in an interview that, when playing Dumbledore, "I don't have to play anyone really
. I just stick on a beard and play me, so it's no great feat. I never ease into a role – every part I play is just a variant of my own personality. I’m not really a character actor at all..."
In an Ironic twist, Gambon also played a British spy in "The Good Shepherd" (2006). His codename was "The headmaster".

Most recently, he was Joe in Beckett's Eh Joe, giving two performances a night at the Duke of York's Theatre in London. He currently does the voice over to the new Guinness ads with the penguins. In 2007 he played major roles in Stephen Poliakoff's Joe's Palace, and the five-part adaptation of Mrs Gaskell's Cranford novels, both for BBC TV.

Personal life 
Gambon married Anne Miller when he was 22, but has always been secretive about his personal life. The couple live together in a country house in Kent. Gambon was invested by Prince Charles as a Knight Bachelor on 17 July 1998 for services to drama (Queen Elizabeth II's approval for the award was notified in the 1998 New Year Honours List) and his wife thus became Lady Gambon. The couple have a son, Fergus, who appears as an expert on the BBC's Antiques Roadshow.
Gambon is a qualified amateur pilot, and his love of cars led to his appearance on the BBC's Top Gear programme. Gambon raced the Suzuki Liana and was driving so aggressively that it was launched into the air on the last corner of his timed lap. The final corner of the Dunsfold Park track has been named "Gambon" in his honour. He reappeared on the programme on the 4 June 2006, and set a time in the Chevrolet Lacetti of 1:50.3, a significant improvement on his previous time of 1:55. He clipped his  namesake  corner the second time, and when asked why by Jeremy Clarkson, replied that 'I dunno - I just do not like it'.

In February 2015, Gambon spoke for the first time of the "frightening memory loss" that had forced him to retire from the stage after 50 years. He said he has taken the "heartbreaking" decision to stop after finding he could no longer remember his lines.

Gambon died on 27 September 2023, aged 82, after suffering from pneumonia.

Filmography

Cinema and television

Theatre
Othello (Second Gentleman), Gaiety Theatre, Dublin, professional debut 1962, followed by a European tour
Hamlet, National Theatre at the Old Vic, 1963
Saint Joan, National/Old Vic, 1963
The Recruiting Officer (Coster Permain), National/Old Vic, 1963
Andorra, National/Old Vic, 1964
Philoctetes, National/Old Vic, 1964
Othello, National/Old Vic, 1964
The Royal Hunt of the Sun (Diego), Chichester Festival and National/Old Vic, 1964
The Crucible (Herrick), National/Old Vic, 1965
Mother Courage and Her Children (Eilif), National/Old Vic, 1965
Love for Love (Snap), National/Old Vic, 1965, also tour to Russia and Germany
Juno and the Paycock (Jerry Devine), National/Old Vic, 1966
The Storm, National/Old Vic, 1966
Events While Guarding the Bofors Gun (Flynn), Birmingham Rep, 1967
A Severed Head (Palmer Anderson), Birmingham Rep, 1967
The Doctor's Dilemma (Patric Cullen), Birmingham Rep, 1967
Saint Joan (Cauchon), Birmingham Rep, 1967
Peer Gynt (The Button Moulder), Birmingham Rep, 1968
Othello (title role), Birmingham Rep, 1968
Macbeth, The Forum Theatre, Billingham, 1968
In Celebration (Andrew), Liverpool Playhouse, 1969
Coriolanus (title role), Liverpool Playhouse, 1969
The Plebeians Rehearse the Uprising (Wiebe), RSC Aldwych Theatre, 1970
Major Barbara (Charles Lomax), RSC Aldwych Theatre, 1970
Henry VIII (Surrey), RSC Aldwych Theatre, 1971
When Thou Art King (Hotspur), RSC Roundhouse, 1971
The Brass Hat (Guy Holden), Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guildford, 1972
Not Drowning But Waving (Robin), Greenwich Theatre, 1973
The Norman Conquests trilogy (Tom), Greenwich Theatre, 1974
The Norman Conquests (Tom), Globe Theatre, London 1975
The Zoo Story (Gerry), Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park lunchtime production, 1975
Otherwise Engaged (Simon), Queen's Theatre, 1976 (replacing Alan Bates)
Just Between Ourselves (Neil), Queen's Theatre, 1977
Alice's Boys (Bertie), Savoy Theatre, London, 1978
Betrayal (Jerry), National Theatre, 1978
Close of Play (Henry), National Lyttelton Theatre, 1979
Richard III (taking over as Buckingham), National, 1980
Othello (Roderigo), National, 1980
Sisterly Feelings (Patrick), National, 1980
The Life of Galileo (title role), National Olivier Theatre, 1980
King Lear (title role) RSC Stratford,1982; Barbican Theatre, 1983
Antony and Cleopatra (Antony), RSC Stratford, 1982; Barbican, 1983
Tales from Hollywood (Ödön von Horváth), National, 1983
Old Times (Deeley), Theatre Royal Haymarket, 1985
A Chorus of Disapproval (Dafyd ap Llewellyn), National Olivier, 1985
Tons of Money (Sprules), National Lyttelton, 1986
A View from the Bridge (Eddie Carbone), National Cottesloe Theatre, 1987
A Small Family Business (Jack McCracken), National Olivier, 1987
Mountain Language (Sergeant), National Lyttelton, 1988
Uncle Vanya (title role), Vaudeville Theatre, 1988
Veterans' Day (Walter Kercelik), Theatre Royal Haymarket, 1989
Man of the Moment (Douglas Beechey), Globe Theatre, London, 1990
Othello (title role), Stephen Joseph Theatre, Scarborough, 1991
Taking Steps, Stephen Joseph, Scarborough, 1981
Volpone (title role), National Olivier, 1995
Skylight (Tom Sergeant), National Cottesloe, 1995
Skylight (Tom Sergeant), Broadway, 1996
Tom and Clem (Tom Driberg), Aldwych Theatre, 1997
The Unexpected Man (The Man), RSC The Pit, Barbican, 1998
Cressida (John Shank), The Almeida Theatre at the Albery, 2000
The Caretaker (Davies), Comedy Theatre, 2001
A Number (The Father), Royal Court Theatre, 2002
Endgame (Hamm), Albery Theatre, 2004
Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 (Sir John Falstaff), National Olivier, 2005
Celebration (play) Pinter staged reading (Lambert), Gate Theatre, Dublin/Albery, 2005
Eh Joe (Joe), Duke of York's Theatre, 2006
Sources

Who's Who in the Theatre, Fourteenth edition, Pitman (1967) for National Theatre at the Old Vic playbills
Who's Who in the Theatre, Seventeenth edition, Gale (1981)  for Michael Gambon's own CV up to 1980
Giant of the Stage: A Profile of Michael Gambon by John Thaxter, The Stage newspaper, (16 November, 2000)
Gambon: A Life in Acting by Mel Gussow, Nick Hern Books (2004) 
Theatre Record and Theatre Record annual indexes 1981-2007

References

Other websites 

Biography  at Tiscali UK

 
 
  

1940 births
2023 deaths
Actors from Dublin
BAFTA Award winning actors
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Irish movie actors
Irish radio actors
Irish stage actors
Irish television actors
Irish voice actors
Knights Bachelor
Laurence Olivier Award winners
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Mercosur or Mercosul (, , Guarani: Ñemby Ñemuha, ) is a Regional Trade Agreement (RTA) between Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. It was founded in 1991. Its purpose is to improve free trade and the easy movement of goods, people, and currency.

Members

The following countries are full members, in the process of becoming full members, associate members or observers.

Full members
  Argentina
  Brazil
  Paraguay
  Uruguay

Becoming full members
  Bolivia

Associate members
  Chile
  Colombia
  Ecuador
  Peru

Observers
  Mexico

Related pages
 Southern Cone

1990s treaties
Commerce
20th century in South America
Leti is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is located at 32°55'0N 72°4'0E and is part of Talagang Tehsil.

References

Union councils of Chakwal District
Charles Everett Koop (October 14, 1916 – February 25, 2013) was an American physician who became well known as a pediatric surgeon at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. He was an early name in today's pediatric surgery. He then served as the Surgeon General of the United States and as vice admiral in the Public Health Service Commissioned Corps from 1982 to 1989, under President Ronald Reagan.

He was thought of as the first "celebrity Surgeon General", because he is the first Surgeon General to receive an Emmy Award, and remains the only Surgeon General to have done so. Koop was also called Chick Koop by some of his friends.

Views 

Today Koop is well known for four parts of his work:
Abortion: Though Koop did not think abortion was right due to his religion, he did not say anything as to whether abortions done by very skilled medical doctors were bad for the health of women who the abortions were being done on.
 Tobacco: In 1984 he wrote that nicotine has an addictiveness like that of heroin or cocaine. People did not think that Koop would say something like this, mainly people who thought he would stay with the views his office had on tobacco products. He also wanted a warning to be mentioned on all cigarette packs, although some of these warnings were there since 1965.
AIDS: Koop was Surgeon General when AIDS became well known. He wrote the official U.S. policy for AIDS and soon after mailed AIDS information to every U.S. house. Gays and people who supported them were not happy with how Koop noted gay sex as one of the most likely ways to catch the disease, but Koop would not say he was sorry as he thought gay sex was the greatest risk of getting AIDS. He also did not fare well with people who once supported him because Koop thought that schools should teach about sex early on, and note how to use condoms the right way to stop AIDS from spreading. There were also problems with how Koop's office didn't try hard to make a cure for AIDS, making people think his office was only making the public know about AIDS.