Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Demosthenes (384–322 BC, , Dēmosthénēs) was a well-known Greek statesman and orator from ancient Athens. His speeches show the height of classical Athenian skill at speaking. They also show us lots about the politics and culture of ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Demosthenes learned rhetoric by studying the speeches of previous great orators.  He delivered his first law court speeches when he was twenty. He argued effectively to gain from his guardians what was left of his inheritance. For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional speech-writer and a lawyer, writing speeches for use in private legal suits.

At the age of 21, Demosthenes took the job of the commander of warships in Athens.
The Alexandrian Canon compiled by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace recognized Demosthenes as one of the ten greatest Attic orators and speech writers. According to Longinus, Demosthenes "perfected to the utmost the tone of lofty speech, living passions, copiousness, readiness, speed". Cicero acclaimed him as "the perfect orator" who lacked nothing, and Quintilian extolled him as "lex orandi" ("the standard of oratory") and that "inter omnes unus excellat" ("he stands alone among all the orators").

References 

384 BC births
322 BC deaths
Ancient Greek politicians
Ancient Greek philosophers
Mexicali is a city in Mexico. It is in the north of the country and across the border from California in the United States. It is the capital city of Baja California. Mexicali is the farthest north city of Latin America. About 903,000 people live there. Many of them are Hispanic.

Capital cities in Mexico
Baja California (state)
Futurama: The Beast with a Billion Backs is an animated movie. It's the sequel to Futurama: Bender's Big Score, and is the second Futurama movie. It takes place right after the events of Bender's Big Score, and is about a giant monster who is in love with the entire universe. It has two sequels that were released, the first called Futurama: Bender's Game, and then Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder.

Plot summary 

Everyone is worried and afraid of the rift in space that was opened at the end of Bender's Big Score.

Cast

Other websites

2008 animated movies
2008 science fiction movies
20th Century Fox movies
Futurama movies
Movies based on TV series
"Mobile" is a song by Avril Lavigne. It was only released in Australia and New Zealand.

Charts
"Mobile" was only released in Australia and New Zealand. "Mobile" started its chart position at #36 on the New Zealand Singles Chart, climbing up to #26 in its fifth week. The song was also released in South Africa as an airplay single.

References

Avril Lavigne songs
2003 songs
"Don't Tell Me" is a 2004 song by Avril Lavigne. It is from her album Under My Skin. On April 27, 2004, it was released as the first single off of that album.

Song listing 
Australian CD single(82876614112; Released April 14, 2004)
 "Don't Tell Me"
 "Don't Tell Me" (acoustic)
 "Take Me Away"

International Maxi CD single
 "Don't Tell Me"
 "Don't Tell Me" (acoustic)
 "Take Me Away"
 "Don't Tell Me" (music video)

UK Pt. 2/FR/German single
 "Don't Tell Me"
 "Don't Tell Me (acoustic)

Japan CD single
(BVCA-29607; Released April 28, 2004)
 "Don't Tell Me"
 "Take Me Away"

EU/BR/Japan/Mex/US promo
 "Don't Tell Me" (album version)

Charts 
The song did well on charts, climbing to number twenty-two in the United States, at number ten in Australia, at number six in Spain, at number five in the UK.

References 

Avril Lavigne songs
2004 songs
EasyJet Airline Company Limited, styled as easyJet, is a British low cost airline founded in 1995. Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou started the airline in 1995. He was in charge of EasyJet until 2002.  Starting in 2003, EasyJet opened many bases at airports throughout Europe.  As of 2016, EasyJet is based at London Luton Airport. EasyJet currently has 26 bases and its largest base is at London Gatwick Airport.  It is the second largest low-fare airline in Europe. It flies domestic and international scheduled services. It has 387 routes between 104 European and north African airports. As of 2022, EasyJet has 13,000 employees.

EasyJet was featured in the television series Airline.

Gallery

References 

1995 establishments in the United Kingdom
Airlines of the United Kingdom
Low-cost airlines
A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. 

The joystick has been the principal flight control column in the cockpit of many aircraft, particularly military fast jets, where center stick or side-stick location may be employed. Joysticks are also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles and zero turning radius lawn mowers. 

Joysticks are often used to control video games, and usually have one or more push-buttons whose state can also be read by the computer. A popular variation of the joystick used on modern video game consoles is the analog stick. Miniature finger-operated joysticks have been adopted as input devices for smaller electronic equipment such as mobile phones.  

 
Data input
"Nobody's Home" is Avril Lavigne's third single from her second album Under My Skin. Daniel Stern played guitar for it. It was produced by Lavigne and Don Gilmore.

The song was written by Lavigne and Ben Moody, ex-member of Evanescence. It is a "rock ballad".

Charts

References 

2005 songs
Avril Lavigne songs
Futurama: Bender's Big Score is a 2007 American direct-to-video adult animated comedy movie, and the first Futurama movie. It was followed by Futurama: The Beast with a Billion Backs, and will have two more sequels called Futurama: Bender's Game and Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder. It was the first thing done with Futurama since it was cancelled in 2005.

Cast

References

Other websites
 
 
 

2007 movies
2007 animated movies
American animated movies
American science fiction movies
Christmas movies
Futurama movies
Movies based on TV series
Futurama: Bender's Game is the third movie in the Futurama movie series after Futurama: Bender's Big Score and Futurama: The Beast with a Billion Backs. The fourth movie is called Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder. It's about the characters of Futurama getting trapped in a medieval world in a board game based on Dungeons & Dragons.

Cast

Other websites
 

2008 movies
2008 animated movies
American animated movies
English-language movies
American fantasy movies
American science fiction movies
Futurama movies
Movies based on TV series
Futurama: Into the Wild Green Yonder is the fourth and last movie in the Futurama movie series. The first three are Futurama: Bender's Big Score, Futurama: The Beast with a Billion Backs, and Futurama: Bender's Game. Not much is known yet.

Cast

Other websites
 

2009 movies
2009 animated movies
2009 science fiction movies
Futurama movies
Arthur Marx (previously Adolph Marx), also called Harpo Marx (November 23, 1888 – September 28, 1964), was one of the Marx Brothers. While acting, he did not speak, and only used horns, whistles, and other props. He taught himself to play the harp and became a good player. This is why he was nicknamed "Harpo". He played the harp in most of his movies and also wore a red wig.

He died after a heart attack.

1888 births
1964 deaths
Actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
American movie actors
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Jewish American actors
Mimes
Klaus Barbie (25 October 1913 – 25 September 1991) was an SS-Hauptsturmführer, soldier, and Gestapo member. He is known as the "Butcher of Lyon" because of the war crimes he committed in France during World War II. He lived in Bolivia from 1951 until he was extradited (moved by government order) to France in 1983. From 1984-1987, he was tried and convicted of, and sentenced to life imprisonment for, crimes against humanity. He remained in prison until he died of leukemia in Lyon.

References
 

1913 births
1991 deaths
Cancer deaths in France
Deaths from leukemia
Extradition
German prisoners
German war criminals
Gestapo people
Holocaust perpetrators
People from North Rhine-Westphalia
Prussian military people
People who died in prison custody
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
SS officers
Mega Man X2, called  in Japan, is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Super NES game console.

1995 video games
Mega Man games
Capcom games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
Mega Man X, called  in Japan, is a platform video game made by Capcom for the Super NES game console. It is the first game in the Mega Man X series, a spin-off of the Mega Man series.

1994 video games
Windows games
Mega Man games
Capcom games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
This article is about the first game in the series. For the video game series, see Animal Crossing.

Animal Crossing, known as  in Japan, is a life simulation video game made by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64 and Nintendo GameCube game consoles. It was only released on the Nintendo 64 in Japan in 2001. In 2002, it was released in North America, Europe, and Australia for the Nintendo GameCube. It supports the GameCube-Game Boy Advance link cable and the e-Reader items and has emulated Nintendo Entertainment System games in it as items. That means that the player can replay old NES games within the game itself.
Gameplay
The player moves into a village where everyone is an animal. Only the player is human. Only four people can move to the village and live in their own house. They have to pay money (called "bells") for the house, and when they did it the house will get bigger. Bells can be earned by fishing, catching insects, selling things and other ways. The players can buy the things they like from Tom Nook (a racoon who has got a shop in the village) and put them in their houses. If their house looks nice, they get points and things from the HRA (Happy Room Academy). They also can buy clothes. The game is played in real time and has no ending. You can visit the villages of other players by using their Memory Card.

Characters

Villagers
The animals are different. There are different kinds of animals (for example cats, mice or dogs) and different characters (for example lazy, active...)

The player can choose between a male and female look.
Tom Nook 
Tom Nook is a racoon who has got a shop called "Nook's Cranny" where you can buy things for your house or clothes. If you buy many things it gets bigger. You work there at the beginning of the game to pay for your house.

Mable and Sable
Mable and Sable are two hedgehogs who have a shop called "Able Sisters" where players can make their own clothes.

Tortimer
Tortimer is an old turtle who is the mayor of the village in Animal Crossing: Population Growing, Animal Crossing: Wild World, and Animal Crossing: City Folk (Known in EU as: Let's go to the City!) In Animal Crossing: New Leaf, you are the mayor.

Pelly and Phyllis
Pelly and Phyllis are two pelicans who work at the post. You can send letters to the villagers.

Resetti
Resetti is an angry mole. He comes when you reset the game and don't save it.

K.K. Slider
K.K. Slider is a dog who comes to the train station every Saturday evening at 8.00 pm. He sings songs. You can take them to your house and listen to them there.
Special days
At some days there are special things in Animal Crossing, some of them like days in real life, for example Christmas, Halloween, or Thanksgiving. Some are special events which are only in the game like fishing competitions. Sometimes you can get special items at days like that, for example Christmas clothes and furniture.

References

2001 video games
Nintendo 64 games
Nintendo GameCube games
Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development games
Video game remakes
Animal Crossing
Gerhard "Gerd" Müller (November 3, 1945 – August 15, 2021) was a German footballer. He played for FC Bayern München and the Germany national team. He was the best striker at his times and still owns many scoring records.

Club career
He started playing football for TSV 1861 Nördlingen, where he scored in the 1962/63 season 180 out of 204 goals. From 1964 he played for FC Bayern München. In his first season for Bayern München he scored in 26 matches 33 goals. From 1965 till 1979 he scored in 427 Bundesliga matches  and scored 365 goals. This record is still existing. From 1979 till 1982 he played in the US-professional league for Ford Lauderdale Strikers and Smiths Brothers Lounge.
International career
He started his international career on 12 October 1966 in Ankara versus Turkey. In his second match versus Albania he scored his first four of his 68 goals in the national team. He was member of the 1970 FIFA World Cup team. With ten goals he was the best scorer in this tournament. 1972 Germany won the European Championship and Müller was again the best scorer of this tournament. 1974 he won with Germany the FIFA World Cup where he scored the second goal in the 2:1 victory over the Netherlands. After this tournament he resigned from the team.

Records
Müller scored 68 goals in 62 matches for Germany. He was the best scorer of the team until Miroslav Klose broke his record in 2014.
During two World Cups (1970 and 1974) he scored 14 goals. This record was broken by Ronaldo during the World Cup 2006.

Death
On 6 October 2015, it was announced that Müller was suffering from Alzheimer's disease. He died on 15 August 2021 at a nursing home in Wolfratshausen, Germany, aged 75.

Honors
Honors

Titles with Bayern Munich
 Intercontinental Cup: 1976
 European Cup: 1974, 1975, 1976
 European Cup Winners’ Cup: 1967
 Bundesliga: 1969, 1972, 1973, 1974
 German Cup: 1966, 1967, 1969, 1971
 Regionalliga Süd: 1965

International
 World Cup: 1974, Third-Place: 1970
 European Championship: 1972

Personal honours
 European Footballer of the Year: 1970
 German Footballer of the Year: 1967, 1969
 Voted best Player 40 Years Bundesliga 1963–2003
 European top scorer: 1970, 1972
 German top scorer: 1967, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1978
 World Cup top scorer: 1970
 European Championship top scorer: 1972
 European Cup top scorer: 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977
 World Football's Greatest Goalscorer of All Time (awarded in 2000)
 Named to FIFA 100

Club career statistics
|-
|1964/65||rowspan="15"|Bayern Munich||Regionalliga||26||33||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||33
|-
|1965/66||rowspan="14"|Bundesliga||33||15||6||1||colspan="2"|-||39||16
|-
|1966/67||32||28||4||7||9||8||45||43
|-
|1967/68||34||19||4||4||8||7||46||30
|-
|1968/69||30||30||5||7||colspan="2"|-||35||37
|-
|1969/70||33||38||3||4||2||0||38||42
|-
|1970/71||32||22||7||10||8||7||47||39
|-
|1971/72||34||40||6||5||8||5||48||50
|-
|1972/73||33||36||5||7||6||12||44||55
|-
|1973/74||34||30||4||5||10||8||48||43
|-
|1974/75||33||23||3||2||7||5||43||30
|-
|1975/76||22||23||6||7||6||5||34||35
|-
|1976/77||25||28||4||11||4||5||33||44
|-
|1977/78||33||24||3||4||6||4||42||32
|-
|1978/79||19||9||2||4||colspan="2"|-||21||13
|-
|1979||rowspan="3"|Fort Lauderdale Strikers||rowspan="3"|NASL||27||19||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||27||19
|-
|1980||36||16||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||36||16
|-
|1981||17||5||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||17||5
453||398||62||78||74||66||589||542
80||40||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||80||40
533||438||62||78||74||66||669||582
|}

International career statistics 

|-
|1966||1||0
|-
|1967||4||6
|-
|1968||3||2
|-
|1969||7||9
|-
|1970||12||13
|-
|1971||8||12
|-
|1972||7||13
|-
|1973||8||7
|-
|1974||12||6
|-
!Total||62||68
|}

References

Other websites 
 Gerd Müller - Player profile FIFA.com
 
 Portrait of Gerd Müller  at FIFA.com
 Statistics on Müller's matches and goals at RSSSF.com

1945 births
2021 deaths
1970 FIFA World Cup players
1974 FIFA World Cup players
Association football forwards
German footballers
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
FC Bayern München players
Ballon d'Or winners
Gebenhofen is a village near Augsburg, Germany. It looks like people settled there in the Merowingian era (7th century). Today, about 500 people live in the village. It is a member of the gemeinde Affing and can be found in the Landkreis Aichach Friedberg (Regierungsbezirk Schwaben).

Villages in Bavaria
Brassicaceae is a family of plants including mustard, wasabi, and horseradish. They are also called the mustard family, or cabbage family. Some plants in this family are hot when you eat them, so they are used as spices. Another group includes the cabbages, where there are broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage. Another name for this family is Cruciferae.

The flowers of this family have four petals and look like a cross. The name comes from the genus in it, Brassica.

Image gallery
Amputation is the act of cutting off a part of the human body, sometimes because of medical reasons. In some countries, amputation of the hands, feet or other body parts was used as a form of punishment for people who committed crimes. A person who has had an arm or leg removed is known as an amputee.

Other websites 
 Amputation Prevention Center  
 Artificial Limb & Appliance Service of Wales
 Limb Amputation: Reasons, Procedure, Recovery

Surgery
Ned Kelly is a 2003 Australian movie directed by Gregor Jordan. The movie shows the life of Ned Kelly who was a famous bushranger in Australia. The movie is based on Robert Drewe's book Our Sunshine.

Most of the filming was done at the Little River Earth Sanctuary, Mount Rothwell, near Geelong. Street scenes were filmed in Clunes and Ballarat. Other locations include Broadford, Glenfern, Hepburn Springs and Melbourne.

Related pages
Ned Kelly
Ned Kelly (1970 movie)
The Story of the Kelly Gang

Other websites
Official site

Boxoffice information

References

Australian biographical movies
Australian crime movies
2000s English-language movies
Movies about outlaws
Movies based on books
Ned Kelly
2000s Western (genre) movies
Movies set in Australia
The turban is a piece of clothing - a type of headwear based on cloth winding. It is worn by people of the Sikh religion.

Headgear
Sikhism
Religious clothing

pa:ਪਗੜੀ
Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah a.k.a Said ibn Husayn (Arabic: عبيد الله بن الحسين المهدي) is considered the founder of the Fatimid dynasty, the only major Shi'ite caliphate in Islam.  He established Fatimid rule throughout much of North Africa.  He ruled from 909 to 934.

After establishing himself as the first Imam of the Fatimid dynasty he made claim to genealogic origins dating as far back as Fatimah, the daughter of the Prophet of Islam, Muhammad, through Husayn, Fatimah's son, and Ismail. It was at this time as well that he changed his name to Ubaydallah Al-Mahdi.

Links and references 

 
 Imam al-Mahdi, the 11th Fatimi Imam. 
 Institute of Ismaili Studies London. 

Year of birth unknown
934 deaths
Caliphs
750 was a common year.



Events

By Geography

Asia 
 After the defeat of his army in the Battle of the Zab the last Umayyad Caliph, Marwan II, is overthrown and killed. Al-Saffah is proclaimed the first Abbasid Caliph. The capital of the Caliphate will later moved from Damascus to Baghdad, within the territory of the former Persian Empire; this transfer will prove to be a momentous event for Baghdad, which develops into a centre of international trade and culture.

Africa 
 The Ghana Empire begins.

750
Amir al-Mu'minin () is usually translated Commander of the Faithful, but Leader of the Believers might be a better translation. It is the Arabic style of Caliphs and other independent sovereign Muslim rulers that claim legitimacy from a community of Muslims. It has been claimed as the title of rulers in Muslim countries and empires and is still used for some Muslim leaders.
Use
Abu Bakr, the First Rashidun Caliph, is not reported to have ever conferred this title. He had the title of Khalifa Rasulullah rather than Amir al-Mu'minin. On his accession in 634, Umar ibn Khattab, the Second Rashidun Caliph, was given the title. According to At-Tabaqat al Kubra, When Abu Bakr died, Muslims of the time said: “We are the Mu'minin (Believers/Faithful) and Umar is our Amir (Commander).” After this, the title Amir al-Mu'minin was held by Umar ibn Khattab who was also the first caliph to be given this title. Some Shia Muslims claim that Amir al-Mu'minin was used for Ali during Muhammads era. It has also been adopted by various Caliphs of the succeeding Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties, as well as by some contemporary Arab monarchs.

Defunct offices that officially used this title
 Various Caliphs.
 The Taliban leader Mohammed Omar took the title while he was in control of Afghanistan.

References

Islamic religious leaders
Middle Persian is the Iranian dialect of southwestern Khuzestan, Lorestan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces in Iran. During the Sassanid times (224-654 CE) it became a prestige dialect. It came to be spoken in other regions as well. Middle Persian is classified as Western Iranian language. It comes from Old Persian and is the ancestor of Modern Persian. 

The native name for Middle Persian (and perhaps for Old Persian also) was Pārsik. The word is the origin of the native name for the Modern Persian language.

Persian, Middle
Persian, Middle
Devil's Dyke, or Devil's Ditch is an earthwork in Cambridgeshire, England. A few parts of Bronze Age broken pots have been found there.

Monuments and memorials in England
Scranton is a city in Pennsylvania. It is the county seat of Lackawanna County. The city had a population of 76,415 people in 2000.

History
Scranton was first settled in 1776 by Lenape Indians.  Over time, settlers from New England began to move to Scranton.  They built mills and other small businesses. The village was known as Slocum Hollow.  In 1845, Scranton started to manufacture iron and steel.  The iron was used for making rails.  Scranton became a leading maker of iron rails. A railroad was founded in 1851. It was built to move iron and coal.

Scranton became a borough in 1856. In 1866, Scranton was made a city when Hyde Park and Providence joined together with the Borough of Scranton.  The city had 35,000 people living in it.  In 1866, a streetcar system was built.  It was the first in the United States.  Scranton got the nickname "The Electric City" because of this.  In the late 1890s, Scranton had several minor league baseball teams.
The United States Census said that Scranton had a population of 102,026 people in the year 1900. This made it the 38th largest city in the United States.  In the 1900s, Scranton was known for its many Victorian-style houses.

In 1901, the iron industry in Scranton moved to Lackawanna, New York.  Scranton lost one of its main industries.  In the next 25 years, many people from Eastern Europe moved to Scranton.  Two years later, the Laurel Line railroad opened up, making it easy to go to Wilkes-Barre,  south.  After World War II, coal began losing cleaner fuels such as oil and gas.  This caused Scranton to diminish.  There wasn't as much coal being made, and not as many trains passed through.  The streetcar system stopped in 1954, and a year later, the city was flooded after Hurricane Diane.  80 people died. The NYO&W freight railroad stopped going to Scranton in 1957.
The Knox Mine Disaster of 1959 wiped out the mining industry as the Susquehanna River flooded most of the mines in Northeastern Pennsylvania.  The local DL&W railroad, nearly out of money, merged with the Erie Railroad in 1960.  In the 1960s and 1970s, the silk and textile industries was getting smaller as they moved South or overseas.  In the 1970s and 1980s, the downtown shops lay empty as it was best to shop in suburban malls.  However, in the 1980s, the people of Scranton started revitalizing the city.  Old places were marketed as tourist attractions.  There is a historic site commemorating the city's railroad history, a hotel at the former DL&W Railroad station and a trolley museum.  Some more modern attractions are a ski resort, the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Yankees (a minor league baseball team) and a concert venue.  Also, popular sitcom The Office is set in Scranton.

References

County seats in Pennsylvania
 
1856 establishments in the United States
1850s establishments in Pennsylvania
Umayya ibn Abd Shams is the man, the clan of Banu Umayyad is named after. Umayya was the adopted son of Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf and the father of Harb ibn Umayya and Abu al-'As.

References 

Family of Muhammad
Year of death missing
510s births
Abd Manaf ibn Qusai (Arabic: ) is the person, whom the clan of Banu Abd Manaf is named after. His father was Qusai ibn Kilab.

When his father died, he took charge of his work.  He too distinguished himself by his ability, and he was famous for his generosity and good judgment. 

He had five sons: Nawfal, Abd Shams, Hashim (after whom the Banu Hashim clan was named) and Muttalib . Muttalib was younger than Hashim, and became his successor.

Other websites 
al-islam.org 

History of Islam
Family of Muhammad
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
660 was a leap year.

Events 
 The Umayyad Empire was established.
 In the year 660 the kingdom of Silla invaded the kingdom of Baekje. (see Korea)
 Empress Saimei of Japan makes an order to dispatch a force to the Korean Peninsula to save Baekje.

Births 
 Yamanoue no Okura, Japanese poet (d. 733) (see: Waka)
Ghazi Tehsil is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Haripur District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The tehsil, headquartered at the town of Ghazi, is itself divided into 7 Union Councils.

Tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Haripur District
Haripur Tehsil is an administrative subdivision (tehsil), of Haripur District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The tehsil is administratively subdivided into 37 Union Councils.

References

Tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Haripur District
Lahor is a town and tehsil of Swabi District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The town is a settlement of 35,000 people and is west of Swabi, on the northern bank of the Indus River. Lahor is surrounded by Yar Hussain, Tordher, Ambar and the Indus River.

Tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Swabi District
Mandi Bahauddin Tehsil is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Mandi Bahauddin District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Mandi Bahauddin is the headquarters of the tehsil.

References

Other websites 
 Mandi-Bahauddin 
 Mandi-Bahauddin 

Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Mandi Bahauddin District
The Necronomicon is a fictional book of magic created by the horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. It is a Greek-sounding word commonly translated as "book of dead names".  It is pronounced "neck-ro-nom-ih-kon".  Like most of his ideas, the Necronomicon came to Lovecraft in his dreams.  Lovecraft let his friends write stories about the Necronomicon.  Eventually, fake Necronomicons were written.
Fictional History
According to Lovecraft, the Necronomicon was written in the eighth century by a crazy Arabian man named Abdul Alhazred. Alhazred (who was also fictional) practiced evil magic.  He assembled a collection of evil spells into a manuscript (a book with loose pages and no cover) which he called Al Azif. Lovecraft said this as an Arabian phrase for a scary sound, like a scream.  Later, the original manuscript was translated into Greek.  It was given the title Necronomicon.  Olaus Wormius (a real person) then translated the Greek version into Latin.  John Dee (also real) translated the Necronomicon into English.  Lovecraft liked to mix in real people and places in his fiction.  This made the stories seem more real.  Some people were fooled into thinking what he wrote was true.
"Real" Necronomicons
Since Lovecraft's death, several authors have written their own versions of the Necronomicon. They are the author's imagination of what the Necronomicon would be like, if it were real.  A few claim to be the actual Necronomicon. The most famous case of a "real" Necronomicon is the "Simon" Necronomicon.  Simon is a fake name.  It was published in the 1970s. The "Simon" Necronomicon is based on Sumerian mythology. It has nothing to do with H. P. Lovecraft's fiction. Some people dislike the "Simon" Necronomicon.  They do not like that it pretends to be real.  Sometimes, people believe it to be real.  Simon has written several books about the Necronomicon'''s "discovery". 

Here are some hoax Necronomicons (books that the authors claim are the real Necronomicon):The True Story of the Necronomicon, author unknownGeorge Hay Presents: The Necronomicon, by George HayAl Azif: The Necronomicon, by L. Sprague de Camp
Here are some books that are the authors' imaginations of what the Necronomicon might be like:Necronomicon: The Wandering of Alhazred, by Donald TysonAlhazred: Author of the Necronomicon (a novel about the life of Abdul Alhazred, also by Donald Tyson)Grimoire of the Necronomicon (a book of real spells inspired by the fiction of H. P. Lovecraft, also by Donald Tyson)

Here are all the books by Simon about the Necronomicon:Necronomicon Spellbook (an instruction manual of how to use the Necronomicon's spells safely)Dead Names: The Dark History of the NecronomiconGates of the Necronomicon'' (a book explaining the Walking of the Seven Gates, a long and complicated ritual that all first-time users of the Necronomicon must perform)

Related pages 
 Grimoire

Fiction books
Magic (paranormal)

hu:Howard Phillips Lovecraft#Necronomicon
Occult refers to an area of knowledge or thought that is hidden. The word occult has many uses in the English language. Often it means knowledge that lies outside the range of normal experience or scientific explanation. The term sometimes means knowledge meant only for certain people or knowledge that must be kept hidden. For most occultists it is the study of a deeper spiritual reality.

The term occult is also used as a label given to a number of magical organizations or orders, and the teachings and practices as taught by them. The name also extends to a large body of literature and spiritual philosophy.
Occultism
Occultism is the study of occult. It can involve such subjects as magic (alternatively spelled and defined as magick), extra-sensory perception, astrology, spiritualism, numerology and lucid dreaming. There is often a strong religious element to these studies and beliefs, and many occultists profess adherence to religions such as Gnosticism, Hermeticism, Satanism, Thelema, and Neopaganism. While Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam are generally not considered as occult, some of their modern interpretations can be, such as the interpretation of Hinduism within Theosophy or the various occult interpretations of the Jewish Kabbalah.
Science and the occultism
Alchemy, is considered an occult practice. Alchemy used to be common among scientists, such as Isaac Newton. During the Age of Enlightenment alchemy and science went their separate ways. Newton was accused of introducing occult agencies into natural science when he proposed that gravity was a force capable of acting over vast distances.

Related pages
 Esotericism
 Haunted house
 Spiritual séance

Notes

Other websites
Other websites 

 Journal of Thelemic Studies  - the first non-partisan, academic journal investigating the occult tradition of Thelema, founded by the infamous Aleister Crowley
 The Occult Lodge  For all things Occult
 University of Amsterdam Center for Study of Western Esotericism
 University of Exeter Centre for the Study of Esotericism (EXESESO)
 ESSWE European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism, with many links to associated organizations, libraries, scholars etc.
 Joseph H. Peterson, Twilit Grotto: Archives of Western Esoterica (Esoteric Archives: Occult Literature)
Athenaeum  (Collection of occult works in PDF Format)
 Inner Quest  All things occult

Occult
Pandemic Studios was a video game developer that was started in 1998. It became owned by Electronic Arts from 2007 to 2009. It was an Australian and American company, with offices in Brisbane and Los Angeles.

Pandemic Studios developed the first two main titles of the successful Star Wars: Battlefront series; those were Star Wars: Battlefront and Star Wars: Battlefront II. It also developed Full Spectrum Warrior, the Mercenaries series, and the last game in the Army Men series.

Their office in Brisbane was closed in February 2009. In November 2009, Electronic Arts cut a total of 1,500 jobs, including at Pandemic. The company was officially closed on 17 November 2009. The rest of the staff were moved to EA Los Angeles to support Mercs Inc, a sequel to the Mercenaries series.
Games developed (made)
Battlezone II (1999)
Dark Reign 2 (2000)
Triple Play 2002 (2002)
Army Men RTS (2002)
Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2002)
Full Spectrum Warrior (2004)
Star Wars: Battlefront (2004)
Star Wars: Battlefront II (2005)
Mercenaries: Playground of Destruction (2005)
Destroy All Humans! (2005)
Destroy All Humans! 2 (2006)
Mercenaries 2: World in Flames (2008)
The Lord of the Rings: Conquest (2009)
The Saboteur (2009)

References

American video game companies
Companies based in Los Angeles
Companies of Australia
Organizations based in Brisbane
A ghost town is a name for a city or town in which no one lives anymore. It can happen because of economical reasons (for instance, a town of gold miners who cannot find gold anymore), a natural disaster (a flood, a very long drought) or even a man-made disaster (for example, the nuclear fallout that emptied the town of Prypiat, Ukraine). 

Some ghost towns are kept intact as tourist attractions. For example Craco, in the Italian region of Basilicata, is a destination for tourists and pilgrims, as well as a famous movie set for movies like The Passion of the Christ by Mel Gibson and Quantum of Solace by Marc Forster.

 
Tourism
A rain dance is a ceremonial dance. It is performed by people who believe it will cause rain and keep their harvest safe.

Many different types of "rain dances" can be found in many cultures, from Ancient Egypt to certain Native American tribes. In the 20th century Balkans, a ritual known as Paparuda (Romanian) or Perperuna (Slavic) is a type of rain dance.

The Cherokee tribe, an ethnic Native American tribe from the Southeastern United States used rain dances to both create rain and to remove evil spirits from the earth.  The legend of the tribe says that the rain created has the spirits of the former leaders of the tribe. During the rain, these spirits fight the evil spirits in a place between our reality and the spirit world. These raindances are also seen as acts of worship.

Julia M. Butree in her book,  describes the "Rain Dance of Zuni" and other Native American dances
Feathers and turquoise are worn during the dance. They symbolize wind and rain.  Many traditions of the Rain Dance are passed down through history by people telling their children about them in stories.

Settler times
In an early type of meteorology, Native Americans in the midwestern parts of modern United States often tracked and followed known weather patterns. They would do a raindance for settlers in return for trade items. This is best known to happen among Osage and Quapaw Indian tribes of Missouri and Arkansas.

References

Ritual dances
Superstitions
Lice (singular: louse), are wingless insects that live in hair. They are all external parasites on every species of bird and most mammalian orders. They are not found on Monotremes  and a few eutherian orders, namely bats (Chiroptera), whales, dolphins and porpoises (Cetacea) and pangolins (Pholidota). There are more than 3,000 different species; three are classified as human lice.

Description 
Lice spend their whole life on the host. They are adapted to keep close contact with the host. These adaptations are reflected in their size (0.5–8 mm), stout legs, and claws which are adapted to clinging tightly to hair, fur and feathers. They are also wingless and flattened.

Lice feed on skin (epidermal) debris, feather parts, sebaceous secretions and blood. A louse's color varies from pale beige to dark grey; however, if feeding on blood, it may become considerably darker.
A louse's egg is commonly called a nit. Lice attach their eggs to their host's hair with specialized saliva which results in a bond that is very difficult to separate without specialized products. Living lice eggs tend to be pale white. Dead lice eggs are more yellow. Lice are very annoying and are difficult to remove, but not impossible. The process is called nit-picking, and is often done with a close-toothed metal comb. For humans, anti-insect shampoos are available.

Classification 
The order has traditionally been divided into two suborders; the sucking lice (Anoplura) and chewing lice (Mallophaga). Four suborders are now recognised:

 Anoplura: sucking lice, including head and pubic lice
 Rhyncophthirina: parasites of elephants and warthogs
 Ischnocera: avian lice
 Amblycera: chewing lice, a primitive order of lice
 Amblycera: jumping lice have very strong hind legs and can jump a distance of three feet
It has been suggested that the order is contained by the Troctomorpha suborder of Psocoptera. What this means is that lice may have evolved from free-living species of that group.

Lice and humans 
Humans are unique in that they host three different species of lice: head lice, body lice (which live mainly in clothing), and pubic lice. The DNA differences between head lice and body lice provide corroborating evidence that humans started wearing clothes at approximately 70,000 BCE.

Recent DNA evidence suggests that pubic lice spread to the ancestors of humans approximately 3.3 million years ago from the ancestors of gorillas by sharing the same bed or other communal areas with them, and are more closely related to lice endemic to gorillas than to other lice species infesting humans.

Gallery

Related pages
 Pest
 Parasite

References

Other websites
Other websites 

 Lice Pest Control Information - National Pesticide Information Center
 Bed-hopping led humans to 3 million-year itch 
 www.phthiraptera.org has extensive scientific information.
 Body and Head lice  University of Florida Featured Creatures
 Crab Louse  University of Florida Featured Creatures
 WebMD Lice Info

Insects
Parasites
The Adventures of Pinocchio () is a story by Carlo Collodi. It was first published as a serial in a children's magazine between 1881-1883. The serial ended tragically with the death of Pinocchio. It was published as a book in 1883 with black and white illustrations by Enrico Mazzanti. Pinocchio tells the story of a puppet named Pinocchio who wants to become a real boy. The book has been adapted to movies.
References 
 Zipes, Jack (Ed.) 2000. The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales. Oxford UP. pp. 384–5.
n a forest Geppetto, a young boy, Italian woodcarver Geppetto carves a heart into a pine tree, expressing his secret love for a woman named Leona. When he leaves, lightning strikes the tree, imbuing the heart with magic. Years later, an older Geppetto finds the remains of the tree and carves a marionette out of it, naming him Pinocchio. Due to the heart's magic, Pinocchio comes to life, referring to Geppetto as his father. Pinocchio chases a pigeon outside, meeting Leona, and then a pair of thieves, Volpe and Felinet, who work for Lorenzini, a sinister theater director and puppet master, informing him of Pinocchio's existence and sentience. Lorenzini tries to purchase Pinocchio, but Geppetto refuses to sell his son.
Pinocchio climbs out of a window and wanders into town, joining a group of boys in school. He gets into a fight with the rowdy Lampwick, and when he lies about it, his nose grows longer, and he is kicked out of the class. In bitterness, Pinocchio ends up causing damage to a local bakery, and Geppetto is arrested as a result. Pinocchio flees home, meeting a talking cricket, Pepe, who tells Pinocchio to behave in order to become a real boy. The next day, Pinocchio and Geppetto are put on trial. Unless Geppetto pays a fine, he will be imprisoned. Lorenzini enters, offering to pay off the debt if Pinocchio is given over to him. Geppetto reluctantly agrees after being reminded of his poor state.
Pinocchio becomes the star of Lorenzini's shows and is given gold coins as payment. However, Pepe helps him discover that he is ultimately unloved by Lorenzini. Pinocchio rescues several of Geppetto's puppets from being deliberately burnt, unintentionally setting Lorenzini's theater alight. He then leaps into a river and flees to the forest, where he decides to live. Felinet and Volpe find him, swindling him out of his coins. Pinocchio spots a stage coach passing by carrying Lampwick and other boys, travelling to Terra Magica, a hidden funfair for boys to do as they please. Meanwhile, Geppetto and Leona have been tracking down Pinocchio. Losing track of him, Geppetto rows out to sea upon finding Pinocchio's hat on a beach.
In the funfair, Pinocchio, Lampwick, and other boys go on a roller-coaster, but drinking the water of Terra Magica turns them into donkeys, symbolizing their bad behavior by turning them into "jackasses". The funfair turns out to belong to Lorenzini, who sells the donkeys off to circuses and farms. Pinocchio has Lampwick kick Lorenzini into the cursed water, transforming him into a demonic sea monster. The boys and donkeys flee the funfair, Pinocchio reuniting with Leona at the beach, and he sets out to find his father at sea. Pinocchio and Pepe are consumed by a giant sea monster which they recognize as the now feral Lorenzini, reuniting with Geppetto inside his stomach. From the strong smell of rotten chili peppers, they try to escape up Lorenzini's throat, Pinocchio lying to extend his nose and make the passage larger, causing his nose to break. Lorenzini starts to choke, breaching the ocean top, spitting Geppetto and Pinocchio out in the process.
On land, Pinocchio and Geppetto embrace. Pinocchio's tears flow, the tears landing on the heart carving, the same magic force from before transforming him into a real boy. The two embrace once more over the miracle. Pepe congratulates Pinocchio before leaving, wanting to rest from the whole ordeal, but promising they will see each other again soon. On the way home, Pinocchio runs into Felinet and Volpe, whom he tricks them into going to Terra Magica and drinking the cursed water there; and are later revealed to have transformed into a real cat and a fox, which results in them getting corralled by a farmer and kept as pets, where they later witness Pinocchio in town. The donkeys transform back into boys by reforming. Geppetto and Leona marry, and Pinocchio gives his father a log he found to carve into a girlfriend.
Cast
Martin Landau as Geppetto, a young boy  impoverished puppet maker who accidentally gives Pinocchio life after carving him from an enchanted log. He is initially reluctant to accept the puppet as his son, but warms up to him once he loses him.
Jonathan Taylor Thomas as Pinocchio, the eponymous character and main protagonist of the film. He seeks to learn about right and wrong so that one day he will become a real boy. He was puppeteered by Mak Wilson, Robert Tygner, Michelan Sisti, Bruce Lanoil, William Todd-Jones, and Ian Tregonning.
David Doyle as the voice of Pepe, a talking cricket who serves as Pinocchio's spiritual conscience. In the trailer, Wallace Shawn was cast as Pepe until the role was recast to Doyle. This was Doyle's final performance before his death in 1997 next year.
Geneviève Bujold as Leona, a friend of Geppetto's who Geppetto is secretly in love with, a love which is actually mutual, despite her having previously married his late brother. She serves as the Blue Fairy's stand-in in the film.
Udo Kier as Lorenzini, an original character created for the film. He is an amalgamation of Mangiafuoco, The Coachman and The Terrible Dogfish. His fondness for chili peppers, which give him his somewhat fiery breath, is a homage to Mangiafuoco.
Bebe Neuwirth as Felinet, a scheming con artist always looking for the next profit. Her name is an Italian world for "Cat". She and Volpe are based on the Fox and the Cat from the original novel.
Rob Schneider as Volpe, Felinet's dimwitted partner. His name is the Italian word for "Fox". He and Felinet are based on the Fox and the Cat from the original novel.
Corey Carrier as Lampwick. Unlike in the novel and the 1940 Disney version, Lampwick truly becomes Pinocchio's best friend, and affectionately calls him "Woody" even after they have both become real boys.
Dawn French as the Baker's Wife. Though she does more damage to her shop than Pinocchio, she sways the court judge to rule in her favour.
Richard Claxton as Saleo, Lampwick's companion and friend who kicks Pinocchio in class at school. He is turned into a donkey, along with Lampwick and another boy (Joe Swash), after drinking cursed water on Terra Magica's roller coaster and eventually returns to normal along with all of the other changed boys by reforming in the end.
John Sessions as the Professor, an irritable teacher who Pinocchio inadvertently annoys while attending one of his classes.
Jerry Hadley as the Judge, a court official who threatens to send Geppetto to a debtors' prison for Pinocchio's irresponsible behavior.
Jean-Claude Dreyfus as the Foreman
Development
Development
Nearly ten years before the film was eventually made, Director Steve Barron and Jim Henson were considering the idea of a live-action version of Pinocchio. They approached Disney with this idea, but Disney turned down the project. Years later, producer Lawrence Mortorff President of Kushner Locke sent Barron a script for a film based on the Carlo Collodi novel. The project then finally got off the ground.
1883 books
Children's books
Italian literature
Mandi Bahauddin is the capital of Mandi Bahauddin District in Punjab, Pakistan.

References

Cities in Punjab (Pakistan)
Mandi Bahauddin District
Thumper may mean:
 Thumper (Medicine), An oxygen or electric powered CPR Assist Device.
 Thumper (Motorcycle), a four-stroke single cylinder motorcycle
 Bible thumper, a derisive term used to describe Christian fundamentalists
 Diesel-Electric Multiple Unit, the British Rail Class 205 and Class 207 diesel electric multiple units are nicknamed Thumpers
 M79 Grenade launcher, a weapon nicknamed "Thumper"
 Sun Fire X4500, a storage server code-named "Thumper"
 WORTH produces first official NCAA Collegiate aluminum baseball bat, The Tennessee "Thumper" in 1974.
 "Thumper", a song by Raging Speedhorn on the album Raging Speedhorn
 "Thumper", a popular drinking game.
 Jeremy Paxman, host of University Challenge
 Restrictor, a machine in the game Half-Life 2, also known as Thumpers
 "Thumper", a term used to name the Activity Indicator in early versions of Mozilla Firefox
"Thumper" is a character from the Twisted Metal Series of Sony PlayStation. He is portraited as a African-American South Central gangsta that drives a pink and white 64 Impala-like car.
in fictional characters:
 Thumper (Bambi), a rabbit in the Disney animated movie Bambi
 Thumper, a quarry driller in Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends
 Thumper, Hopper's pet grasshopper in A Bug's Life
 Thumper, a recurring character in the television show Veronica Mars
 Thumper, a mechanical device in the science fiction book Dune
 Thumper, a character in the James Bond movie Diamonds Are Forever
Talagang is a city in Pakistan. It is in the Punjab province and is the capital of Talagang District .

Cities in Punjab (Pakistan)
Arra is a village and Union Council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil.

References

Union councils of Chakwal District
Balkassar is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil and is located at 32°55'60N 72°39'0E. Also, Balkassar is famous for its 'Rain of Flaming Dogs' ceremony which happens once in a year.

References

Union councils of Chakwal District
Balokassar is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil.

References

Union councils of Chakwal District
Basharat is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil and is located at 32°47'0N 73°6'0E

References

Union councils of Chakwal District
Terry Goodkind (January 11, 1948 – September 17, 2020) was an American writer from the U.S. state of Nebraska. He was known for writing fantasy books. His most famous book is called Wizard's First Rule which is part of the The Sword of Truth series. He was born in Omaha, Nebraska.

Goodkind died on September 17, 2020 in Boulder City, Nevada at the age of 72.

References

Writers from Omaha, Nebraska
1948 births
2020 deaths
American novelists
People with dyslexia