Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Charles Darwin was influenced by Lyell's Principles of Geology. Everything we see from the past is explained by processes we can see going on today. The present is key to the past. So Darwin thought evolutionary must occur gradually, not in jumps ('saltations'), since we do not see big changes going on today. Extreme and rapid changes in an organism would be most likely to be fatal. It is almost universally agreed that complex organs such as the eye must have evolved by many small steps rather than by one or two mutations.

"Phyletic gradualism" is a term coined by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge to contrast with their model of punctuated equilibrium. They proposed that most evolution is marked by long periods of evolutionary stability or stasis, punctuated by rare instances of branching evolution. Their idea is less accepted today.

References 

Earth sciences
Evolutionary biology
Planning
Political philosophy
Ernst Eduard Kummer (born 29 January 1810, Sorau, Brandenburg; died  14 May 1893 Berlin) was a German mathematician.  At first he was a school teacher, teaching in a German high school gymnasium, where he inspired the  Leopold Kronecker to become a mathematician.  He became professor of mathematics in Breslau and then in Berlin.  He is famous for several mathematical discoveries, including his work on number fields.  Several mathematical ideas are named after him.

References
 Eric Temple Bell, Men of Mathematics, Pelican 1953

1810 births
1893 deaths
German mathematicians
Foreign Members of the Royal Society
Leopold Kronecker (7 December 1823 Liegnitz, Prussia - 29 December 1891) was a German mathematician of Jewish descent.

At first he was a business man and earned a lot of money.  Then he devoted himself to mathematics.  He is famous for his work on number theory, determinant and algebra.  He criticized Cantor's work on set theory.  He was a pupil and lifelong friend of Ernst Kummer.

References
 Eric Temple Bell, 1986. Men of Mathematics, Penguin books 1953.

1823 births
1891 deaths
Foreign Members of the Royal Society
Jewish German academics
Jewish German scientists
German number theorists
German algebraists
The French Academy of Sciences (French: Académie des sciences) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV. Its aim was to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. It was involved with many of the important scientific developments in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries.
It is one of the earliest academies of sciences.

People of the Academy 
Here are some incomplete lists of the officers of the academy.

Presidents
 1801–1814 Napoleon Bonaparte
 1952–1962 Albert Caquot
 Currently Jean Salençon

Treasurers
 -1788 Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon
 1788–1791 Mathieu Tillet
Permanent secretaries
 December 1666 – April 1668 Jean-Baptiste Du Hamel
 April 1668 – December 1669 Jean Gallois
 January 1670 – January 1697 Jean-Baptiste Du Hamel
 January 1697 – December 1740 Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle (nominated by the king in January 1699)
 January 1741 – August 1743 Jean-Jacques Dortous de Mairan
 September 1743 – July 1776 Jean-Paul Grandjean de Fouchy
 August 1777 – August 1793 Nicolas Caritat, marquis de Condorcet

Mathematical Sciences and then Mathematical Sciences and Physics 

 1801–1822 Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre
 1822–1830 Joseph Fourier
 1830–1853 François Arago
 1853–1874 Léonce Élie de Beaumont
 1874–1900 Joseph Bertrand
 1900–1917 Gaston Darboux
 1917–1942 Émile Picard
 1942–1975 Louis de Broglie
 1975–1996 Paul Germain
 Currently: Jean Dercourt
Physical Sciences
 1795–1803 Bernard Germain de Lacépède
 1803–1832 Georges Cuvier
 1832–1833 Pierre-Louis Dulong
 1833–1868 Pierre Flourens
 1868–1884 Jean-Baptiste Dumas
 1884–1886 Jules Jamin
 1886–1887 Alfred Vulpian
 1887–1889 Louis Pasteur
 1889–1907 Marcelin Berthelot
 1907 Albert de Lapparent
 1908 Henri Becquerel
 1908–1914 Philippe van Tieghem
 1914–1948 Alfred Lacroix

Chemistry and Biology 
 1948–1986 Robert Courrier
 1986–1991 Alfred Jost
 1991–2001 François Gros
 2001–2006 Nicole Le Douarin
 Currently Jean-François Bach

Scientific organizations based in France
Búri was the first Norse god. He became the father of the other gods. He was married to Hárm. He ruled prehistory. He gave birth to the Nephaeleus. His reign ended when Thor and Loki were born.

Búri was born when the Divine Cow, Audhumla, licked him out of his icy prison. In his life, Búri lived alongside the ice giant Ymir. Ymir was also released from ice in a similar way.

Norse gods and goddesses
The Comparison of regions of Japan highlights differences and similarities. The regions of Japan are a fusion of historical divisions and modern administrative needs".

Geography and culture
The geography and administrative subdivisions of Japan have evolved and changed during the course of its history. Since the late-7th century, the regions of Japan have been grouped according to geographic position.

In the Meiji period, the modern regional system was made by Imperial decree. Japan was divided into regions (chihō ). A regional council (chihō gyōsei kyōgisai) was headed by the governor of the most powerful prefecture in the regional grouping. The council also included regional chiefs of central government ministries.
In this time, political development is marked by persistent loyalty to region and locality.

Kansai region
The Kansai region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.
Kinai 
Since the late-7th century, the Kinai region, also known as Go-Kinai, included the "Five Home Provinces" which surrounded the old capital city of Kyoto. In 645, Kinai was created as part of the Taika Reform. These lands are also called the Kansai region or Kinki.

Table: Kansai region

Kantō region
The Kantō region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.

Tōkaidō 
Since the late-7th century, the Tōkaidō region or "Eastern Sea Circuit" was made up of 15 provinces on the Pacific Ocean from Sendai Bay to Kinai. Fuji-san, Tokyo, Yokohama, and other important or well-known places are in this region. Tōkaidō also names a road which connects the provincial capitals of this region on the island of Honshū.

Table: Kanto Region

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.
Tōsandō
Since the late-7th century, the Tōsandō region or "Eastern Mountain Circuit" was made up of 13 provinces. Tōsandō also names a road which connects the provincial capitals of this region on the island of Honshū. Tōsandō included Musashi Province after 711.

Table: Tōhoku region

Chūbu region
The Chūbu region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.

Hokurikudō
Since the late-7th century, the Hokurikudō region or the "Northern-land Circuit" was made up of 7 provinces on the Sea of Japan. Hokurikudō also names a road which connects the provincial capitals of this region on the island of Honshū.

Table: Chūbu region

Chūgoku region
The Chūgoku region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.

San'indō
Since the late-7th century, the San'indō region or "Mountain-shade Circuit" was made up of 8 provinces on the Sea of Japan. San'indō also names a road which connects the provincial capitals of this region on the island of Honshū.
San'yōdō
Since the late-7th century, the San'yōdō region or "Mountain-sun Circuit" was made up of provinces on south or 'sunny' side of the mountains. San'indō also names a road which connects the 8 provincial capitals of this region on the island of Honshū.

Table: Chūgoku region

Shikoku region
The Shikoku region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.

Nankaidō
Since the late-7th century, the Nankaidō region or the "South-sea Circuit" made up of 6 provinces (the island of Awaji, the 4 provinces of Shikoku, and Kishiu on Honshū). Nankaidō also names a road which connects the provincial capitals of this region.

Table: Shikoku region

Kyūshū region
The Kyūshū region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.

Since the late-7th century, the Saikaidō region or the "West-sea Circuit" was made up of the 9 provinces of the Kyūshū region. Saikaidō also names a road which connected the provincial capitals of this region.

After 1878, the region included the Ryukyu Islands.
Table: Kyūshū region

Hokkaidō region
The Hokkaidō region is used as a basic framework for description and comparison.

In the late 19th-century, the Hokkaidō region or "North Sea Circuit" was made up of the 10 provinces of Yezo. The Kurile Islands became an 11th northern province which was added in 1875.

Table: Hokkaidō region
Oshima, 1869-1882
 southern Oshima Subprefecture
 southern Hiyama Subprefecture
 Shiribeshi
 most of Shiribeshi Subprefecture (excluding Abuta District)
 northern Hiyama Subprefecture
 Iburi, 1869-1882
 entire Iburi Subprefecture
 Yamakoshi District, in Oshima Subprefecture
 Abuta District, in Shiribeshi Subprefecture
 Chitose and Eniwa cities, in Ishikari Subprefecture
 Shimukappu village, Kamikawa Subprefecture
 Ishikari, 1869-1882
 most of Ishikari Subprefecture (excluding Chitose and Eniwa cities)
 entire Sorachi Subprefecture
 southern Kamikawa Subprefecture (excluding Shimukappu village)
 Teshio, 1869-1882
 entire Rumoi Subprefecture
 northern Kamikawa Subprefecture
 Kitami, 1869-1882
 entire Sōya Subprefecture
 most of Abashiri Subprefecture (excluding part of Abashiri District)
 Hidaka, 1869-1882
 entire Hidaka Subprefecture
 Tokachi, 1869-1882
 entire Tokachi Subprefecture
 Kushiro, 1869-1882
 entire Kushiro Subprefecture
 part of Abashiri District, in Abashiri Subprefecture
 Nemuro, 1869-1882
Nemuro, 1869-1882
 Nemuro Subprefecture
 Chishima, 1869-1882 (the islands of Kunashiri and Etorofu, later included Shikotan and the Kuril Islands)
Related pages
 Provinces of Japan
 Prefectures of Japan
 List of regions of Japan
 List of islands of Japan
 Gokishichidō

References

Regions of Japan
is a Japanese term for an ancient division of the country and the main road running through the region.

History
Hokurikudō was one of the main circuits of the Gokishichidō system. It was first established during the Asuka period. Over centuries, the government functions of the Gokishichido became less important. However, the traditional eight regions, including Hokurikudō, remained cultural markers.

The Hokurikudō road connected the capitals of the provinces in this region.

Geography
When the Gokishichidō system was initially established after the Taika reforms, the region consisted of just two provinces: Wakasa and Koshi. During the reign of Emperor Temmu, Koshi was divided into three provinces: Echizen, Etchū and Echigo and Sado Island was added as a fifth province. Later, Noto and Kaga were carved out of Echizen.

Hokurikudō has parts of seven ancient provinces.

Related pages 
 Tōhoku region
 Comparison of regions of Japan

References

Tōhoku region
Campagnola Cremasca is a comune (township) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, which is about 40 km east of Milan and about 40 km northwest of Cremona.

Campagnola Cremasca is on the edge of the following townships: Capralba, Casaletto Vaprio, Crema, Cremosano, Pianengo, Sergnano.

References

Settlements in Cremona
This is a list of the 190 comuni (townships) of the Province of Pavia, in Lombardy, Italy.

References 

Lists of settlements in Europe
Alagna is a comune (township) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, which is about 40 km southwest of Milan and about 20 km west of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had 876 people and an area of 8.6 km².

Alagna is on the edge of the following townships: Dorno, Garlasco, Tromello, Valeggio.

Demographic change

References 

Settlements in Pavia
Miriam "Mimi" Rogers (née Spickler; born January 27, 1956) is an American movie actress and poker player. She has been in many television programs, including the series Dawson's Creek.

References

Actors from Florida
American movie actors
American television actors
Poker players
1956 births
Living people
Albaredo Arnaboldi is a comune (township) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, which is about 40 km south of Milan and about 12 km southeast of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had 200 people and an area of 9.2 km².

Albaredo Arnaboldi is on the edge of the following townships: Barbianello, Belgioioso, Broni, Campospinoso, Casanova Lonati, Linarolo, Mezzanino, San Cipriano Po.

Demographic evolution

References 

Settlements in Pavia
Frascarolo is a comune (township) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, which is about 60 km southwest of Milan and about 40 km southwest of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had 1,277 people and an area of 23.4 km².

Frascarolo is on the edge of the following townships: Bassignana, Gambarana, Mede, Suardi, Torre Beretti e Castellaro, Valenza.

Demographic change

References

Settlements in Pavia
Mortal Thoughts is a 1991 American mystery crime thriller movie which stars Demi Moore, Bruce Willis and Harvey Keitel. Willis plays a deranged and violent husband who is murdered one night; Moore plays Cynthia (who gets interrogated); Keitel plays a detective in this movie.

Other websites 
 
 
 

1991 crime thriller movies
1990s mystery movies
American crime thriller movies
American mystery movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies about domestic violence
Movies directed by Alan Rudolph
Columbia Pictures movies
Margaret Ruth "Maggie" Gyllenhaal (born November 16, 1977) is an American actress. She is the daughter of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner Gyllenhaal. She is the sister of actor Jake Gyllenhaal. Maggie got many awards for her 2002 movie Secretary.

Early life 

Maggie was born in New York City to Stephen and Naomi Foner Gyllenhaal. Her parents, who married in 1977, filed for divorce in October 2008. Her father is director Stephen Gyllenhaal, who was raised as a Swedenborgian, is of Swedish, French, German, Swiss, Welsh and English descent, and is a descendant of the Swedish noble Gyllenhaal family. Jake's last ancestor to be born in Sweden was his great-great-grandfather, Anders Leonard Gyllenhaal. Her mother is Jewish; she was born in New York City, to a family from Russia, Latvia and Poland.
Gyllenhaal grew up in Los Angeles. She studied at the Harvard-Westlake School prep school. In 1995, she went to New York to attend Columbia University. Here, she studied literature and Eastern religions. She graduated in 1999. Hence, she got a Bachelor of Arts degree.

Personal Life 

Gyllenhaal fall in love with actor Peter Sarsgaard in 2002. The got engaged in April 2006. 3 years later, the got married.

Movies

References

Other websites
 

Golden Globe Award winning actors
1977 births
Living people
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
Jewish American actors
The Battle for Wesnoth (or just Wesnoth) is a strategy video game. It is designed by David White and the first released was made in June 2003.
The game is available under the GPL license. The 1.14.5 version is the last release and was made the 18 September 2018.

Development 
The game is programmed in C++. It is cross-platform and runs on AmigaOS 4, BeOS, FreeBSD, Linux, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, MorphOS, NetBSD, OpenBSD, RISC OS, iOS, Solaris and Android.

The project has a very big community and counts many contributors too. Some developers are well-known authors of other free and open-source projects. For example, there are Eric S. Raymond or Rusty Russell.

The game is translated in more than 50 languages. In 10 of them, the game is very well translated (These languages have more than 95% of messages translated).

References

Other websites 
 

2003 video games
Vigevano (Avgevan in the local variety of Western Lombard) is a city and comune (township) in the province of Pavia, Lombardy, northern Italy, which has many treasures and a huge industrial business. It is in the middle of a district called Lomellina, a great rice-growing centre. Vigevano received the honorary title of city with a declaration of Duke Francis II Sforza on February 2, 1532. Vigevano is well known for its beautiful Renaissance "Piazza Ducale", in the middle of the town.

History

Vigevano dates back to the 10th century AD, when it was one of Lombard king Arduin's favourite places because of the good hunting.
Vigevano was a Ghibelline township, favoring the Emperor and was therefore invaded and taken by the Milanese in 1201 and again in 1275. In 1328 it finally gave itself up to Azzone Visconti, after which it shared the fortunes of Milan. The Church of S. Pietro Martire (St. Peter Martyr) was built, with the neighbouring Dominican convent, by Filippo Maria Visconti in 1445. In the last years of Visconti's control it kept a siege by Francesco Sforza. Once he was settled in power in Lombardy, Sforza secured the erection of Vigevano as the seat of a bishop and provided its revenues.

Main sights
Main sights

Castello Sforzesco
Vigevano is crowned by the Castello Sforzesco, a stronghold rebuilt 1492–94 for Ludovico Maria Sforza (Ludovico il Moro), the great patron born in the town, who changed the fortification/hunting lodge of Luchino Visconti (who in turn had re-used a Lombard fortress) into a rich noble residence, at the cusp of Gothic and Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci was his guest at Vigevano, as was Bramante, who is credited with the tall tower that watches over the piazza from the Castello Sforzesco. The old castle has a unique raised covered road, high enough for horsemen to ride through, that travels between the new palace and the old fortifications; there is a Falconry, an elegant loggiato supported by 48 columns, and, in the rear area of the mastio, the Ladies' Loggia made for Duchess Beatrice d'Este.
Notable Vigevanesi 
 Guido da Vigevano (c. 1280 - c. 1349), physician and inventor
 Ludovico Sforza (1452–1508), known as Ludovico il Moro, "The Moor", Duke of Milan.
 Eleonora Duse (1858–1924), Italian actress, often known simply as Duse, was born in Vigevano.
 Gian Carlo Rota (1932–1999), mathematician and philosopher, was born in Vigevano.
 Margie Santimaria (born 1989), a professional triathlete

Gallery

References

Cities in Pavia
10th-century establishments in Europe
Establishments in Italy
The Fiat Palio is a car produced by Fiat. It has been produced in various countries. It replaced the Fiat Duna in 1996.

Engines 
 1.2 8V 44 kW (60 hp) and 54 kW (73 hp)
 1.2 16V 59 kW (80 hp)
 1.6 16V 74 kW (101 hp) and 76 kW (103 hp)
 1.7 TD 51 kW (69 hp)
 1.9 D 46 kW (63 hp)
 1.9 JTD 59 kW (80 hp)

Other websites

Palio
Front wheel drive vehicles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
The Sword of Truth is a series of thirteen epic fantasy novels written by Terry Goodkind. The book tells the story of Richard Rahl, Kahlan Amnell and Zeddicus Zu'l Zorander.

The series is published in more than 20 languages.

Books 
There is two prequels:
 The First Confessor: The Legend of Magda Searus, where the story takes place several hundred years before the main series.
 Debt of Bones, where the story takes place before the events related by the main series.

The main series is composed of:
 Wizard's First Rule
 Stone of Tears
 Blood of the Fold
 Temple of the Winds
 Soul of the Fire
 Faith of the Fallen
 The Pillars of Creation
 Naked Empire
 Chainfire
 Phantom
 Confessor

A second series, which is the suite of the first (events in the series take place directly after the end of Confessor):
 The Omen Machine
 The Third Kingdom

References

Other websites 
 Terry Goodkind — official website of the author
was a Japanese dramatist and writer.  He is known as one of the founders of modern Japanese drama.

Early life
Kishida studied French literature and modern drama at Tokyo Imperial University. In 1920, he went to Paris and studied the history of French drama.

Career
In the 1920s, Kishida wrote dramas and novels.

In 1937, he founded the Literature Theatre Company (Bungaku-za).

His name was given to the most famous prize for drama in Japan—the annual Kunio Kishida Award (Kishida Kunio Gikyoku-shô).

Major works

Drama
Old Toys (1924)
Autumn in Tirol (1924)
Paper Balloon (1926)
The Shower (1926)
Diary of Falling Leaves (1927)
Two Daughters of Mr. Sawa (1935)
A Warm Current (1943)
Hayamizu Girls School (1948)

References

Further reading
Rimer, J. Thomas. (1974). Toward a modern Japanese theatre: Kishida Kunio. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 

1890 births
1954 deaths
Writers from Tokyo
Jerry Maguire is a 1996 American romantic comedy-drama sports movie. It stars Tom Cruise, Cuba Gooding Jr. and Renée Zellweger. This movie got very positive reviews and became a strong success in the box office.

Plot 
Jerry Maguire, a successful sports agent, has a life-changing realization about the dishonesty in his industry and decides to write a mission statement advocating for better client relationships. His company, Sports Management International (SMI), fires him, and Jerry and his protégé, Bob Sugar, compete to retain their clients. Jerry starts his own agency with the support of single mother Dorothy Boyd, but loses a top quarterback prospect to SMI. Jerry's relationship with his fiancée ends, and he grows closer to Dorothy and her son, Ray. Despite facing difficulties, Jerry focuses on his remaining client, Rod Tidwell, and eventually helps him secure an $11.2 million contract. The film ends with Jerry realizing Ray's potential in the sports industry and expressing his love for Dorothy.
Release dates

References

Other websites 

1996 comedy-drama movies
1996 romantic comedy movies
1996 romantic drama movies
1990s sports movies
Academy Award winning movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
1990s English-language movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
American sports drama movies
Movies directed by Cameron Crowe
A Domestic partnership is a contract between two people who live together. They live together in the same household, but are neither married, nor joined in what is called a civil union. The sex of the partners is not relevant. 

LGBT marriages
Family law
The Republic of China (Taiwan) is one of Asia's most tolerant countries as far as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) rights are concerned. The government proposed a bill in 2003 to make same-sex marriage legal. It has so far stalled without passage. If the law passes, the ROC would be the first country in Asia to allow same-sex marriages. In 2017, the ROC's Constitutional Court ruled that same-sex marriage should become legal within two years. The ROC is also described as the most liberal after over 30,000 people went to the Taiwan Pride parade in 2010 and 2011, making it the largest LGBT event in Asia. On May 17, 2019, the Legislative Yuan approved a bill, submitted by the Executive Yuan, recognising marriage for same-sex couples. The bill was signed into law by President Tsai Ing-wen on 22 May and went into effect on 24 May. Taiwan therefore became the first country in Asia to recognise same-sex marriage.

Living conditions

References

Other websites
Taiwan Pride
China, Republic
Politics of Taiwan
This is a list of notable rivers of Mongolia.  They are arranged geographically by river basin.

Longest rivers

 Orkhon River - 
 Kherlen River - 
 Tuul River - 
 Zavkhan River - 
 Selenge River - 
 Tes River - 
 Hovd River - 
 Eg River - 
 Ider River - 
 Delgermörön -

Flowing into the Arctic Ocean
Yenisei River (Russia)
Angara River (Russia), flowing out of Lake Baikal
Selenge River (Сэлэнгэ мөрөн in Sükhbaatar) flowing into Lake Baikal
Chikoy River
Menza River
Katantsa River
Jida or Dzhida River (Russia)
Zhelter River (Зэлтэр гол)
Orkhon River (Орхон гол in Kharkhorin, Bulgan)
Tuul River (Туул гол in Ulaanbaatar)
Tamir River (Тамир гол at Arkhangai)
Kharaa River (Хараа гол at Selenge)
Eg River (in Khatgal)
Üür River (at Khövsgöl)
Uilgan River (at Khövsgöl)
Arigiin River 
Tarvagatai River 
Khanui River ( at Arkhangai)
Ider River (Идэр гол at Khövsgöl)
Chuluut River (at Arkhangai)
Suman River (at Arkhangai)
Delgermörön River (Дэлгэрмөрөн in Mörön)
Beltes River 
Bügsiin River 
Lesser Yenisei (Russia)
Kyzyl-Khem (Кызыл-Хем)
Büsein River 
Shishged River (Шишгэд гол)
Sharga River 
Tengis River
River

Flowing into the Sea of Okhotsk (Pacific Ocean)
Amur River (Russia/China)
Shilka River (Russia)
Onon River (Онон гол)

Flowing into endorheic basins

Hulun Lake
Kherlen River (Хэрлэн гол)
Ulaan Lake 
Ongi River

Great Lakes Depression

Khar-Us Lake 
Khovd River

Uvs Nuur Basin

Rivers draining into endorheic Uvs Lake, forming the drainage of the Uvs Lake Basin
 Kharkhiraa River
Sangil gol
Turuun River 
Nariin gol
Tes River
Shavar River
Tsereg River
Khachig River
Erzin River

Khyargas Lake 
Zavkhan River

Dörgön Lake 
Teeliin gol, flowing out of Khar Lake
Chono Kharaikh gol, draining into Khar Lake

Ulungur Lake 
Bulgan River (Ulungur River)

Geography of Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia
This is a list of rivers in Montenegro:

Bijela
Bistrica
Bukovica
Bojana
Cijevna
Ćehotina
Grnčar
Ibar
Komarnica
Lim
Lješnica
Ljuboviđa
Ljuča
Mala rijeka
Morača
Mrtvica
Ospanica
Piva
Ribnica
Sitnica (Morača)
Šavnik
Tara
Trebišnjica
Veruša
Vrmoša
Zeta

river
Montenegro
Montenegro
This is a list of streams and rivers in Morocco

A 
El-Abid River
Azul River

B 
Baht River 
Bou Regreg

C 
Chaaba River

D 
Dadès River
Draa River

F 
Fes River

I 
Imini River 
Inaouen River

K 
Ksob River

L 
Lakhdar River
Laou River (Wad Laou/Law)
Loukkos River

M 
Makhazen River
Massa River
Moulouya River

N 
Noun River

O 

Ouarzazate River  
Ouergha River 
Oum Er-Rbia River
Ourika River

S 
Sebou River
Sous River

T 
Tamri River
Tensift 
Tessaoute River
Todra River
Tit River

Z 
Ziz River

Morocco
Morocco
Geography of Morocco
river
This is a list of streams and rivers in Mozambique

B 

Buzi River

C 

Chindi River

K 

Komati River

L 

Limpopo River -
Luambala River -
Luangwa River -
Lugenda River -
Licungo River - 
Ligonha River -
Lurio River

M 

Maputo River - Mazowe River - Manisi River - Messalo River - Matola River

P 

Pungwe River

R 

Ruvuma River

S 

Save River (Africa) - Shire River

Z 
Zambezi River

Mozambique
Mozambique
Geography of Mozambique
In economics, the word competition means that there are at least two competitors (¨players¨) who want to get a share of a market. The market is divided between all the economic players; this means that if a player gets a higher market share, another player will get a smaller share of the market. In his work, The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith says that all players uses the resources they have so that they will get the most profit from these resources. According to Smith, this encourages efficiency. 
Game theory looks at competition, from a mathematical point of view.
Different forms of competition
 Products that perform the same function, and that are interchangeable, compete against each other; this is known as Direct competition
 Products that are substitutes compete; an example might be butter competing with margarine
 The broadest form is usually called budget competition: People have an amount of money they can spend each month; all the different products the consumers spend their money on, in a given month compete with each other.

Limiting competition
Note that competition does not necessarily involve different companies; in the 1920s, General Motors had divisions that overlapped, and that competed for resources. Procter & Gamble introduced the competition between different brands in the 1930s.

Also note that competition is limited: In some areas, there are monopolies, often granted by the state. The state may also apply taxes or pay subsidies as a way to protect its own economy.

Other factors that limit competition include the existence of cartels.

Economics
This is a list of rivers in Burma (Myanmar). This list is arranged by where the river drains. Tributaries are indented under each larger stream's name.

The longest river of Myanmar is the Irrawaddy River. This river begins where the N'mai River and Mali River join.
Indian Ocean
 Nāf River
 Kaladan River
 Lemro River
 Mayu River
 Kaleindaung River
 Pathein River (Bassein River)
 Dagā River
 Pyanmalot River (Pyamalaw River)
 Irrawaddy River (Ayeyarwady River)
 Yin River
 Mon River
 Yaw River
 Kyaw River
 Chindwin River
 Myittha River
 Manipur River
 Uyu River
 Tizu River
 Mu River
 Myitnge River
 Zawgyi River
 Shweli River
 Taping River
 N'Mai River
 Mali River
 Thandi River
 Yangon River (Rangoon River) (Hlaing River) (Myint ma kha River)
 Bago River (Pegu River)
 Myitmaka River
 Sittaung River
 Bilin River
 Salween River (Thanlwin River)
 Ataran River
 Zami River
 Winyaw River
 Gyaing River
 Haungtharaw River
 Yunzalin River
 Moei River (Thaungyin River)
 Nam Pang River
 Pawn River
 Pilu River
 Pai River
 Teng River
 Hsim River
 Pāng River
 Nam River
 Nanding River
 Ye River
 Heinze River
 Dawei River (Tavoy River)
 Great Tenasserim River (Tanintharyi River)
 Lenya River
 Kraburi River (Pakchan River)
 Dapein River
 Tarpein River
 Paung Laung River
 Chaungmagyi River
Pacific Ocean
 Mekong
 Kok River
 Ruak River
 Loi River

Others
 Maykha River
 Malikha River

References
 Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.

Other websites
 Arakanrivers 

Myanmar
Myanmar
Ismail Enver (Ottoman Turkish: اسماعيل انور) (November 22, 1881 ; in Istanbul - August 4, 1922 ; Tajikistan,later USSR), he was known to European powers as Enver Pasha (Turkish: Enver Paşa) or Enver Bey. As an Ottoman military officer he was a member of the Committee of Union and Progress and a leader of the Young Turk Revolution. He was given the nickname "The Hero of Liberty" (Hürriyet Kahramanı). He was the main leader of the Ottoman Empire in both Balkan Wars and World War I. He also helped Lenin in the 1917 Russian Revolution . He was also responsible for the Armenian genocide from 1915-1917 . He died in August 1922 in the Russian Civil War and was killed by machine gun fire from an Armenian soldier in Tajikistan in a unknown location before the USSR was created on 30 December 1922 .

As minister of War from 1914 to 1918 he was defeated in battle against Russia.
Marriage and issue
By his marriage toEmine Naciye Sultanv, a granddaughter of sultan Enver had:
 HH Princess Dr. Mahpeyker Enver Hanımsultan (1917–2000), married and divorced, Dr. Fikret Ürgüp (1918–?), and had issue, one son:
 Hasan Ürgüp, (b.1948 -d.1989)unmarried and without issue
 HH Princess Turkan Enver Hanımsultan (1919–1989), married HE Huvayda Mayatepek, Turkish Ambassador to Denmark, and had issue, one son:
 Osman Mayatepek (b. 1950), married Neshe Firtina and had one daughter
 Mihrishah Türkan Mayatepek (b.1992)
 HH Prince Sultanzade Captain Ali Enver Beyefendi (1921 – Australia, December 1971), married and had issue, one daughter:
 Arzu Enver (b. 1955), married Aslan Sadıkoğlu and had Issue
 Burak Sadıkoğlu
His widow remarried his brother Mehmed Kamil Killigil (1900–1962) in 1923, and had one daughter: 
 HH Princess Rana Killigil Hanımsultan (1926; Paris – 14 April 2008; Istanbul), married Osman Sadi Eldem and had three children:
 Ceyda Eldem (b. 1952)
 Necla Eldem (b. 1954 - d. 1964)
 Edhem Eldem (b. 1960) married Zeynep Sedef Torunoğlu and had issue, one son:
 Simin Eldem (b.1987)

Other websites 
 Enver's biography
 Enver's declaration at the Baku Congress of the Peoples of the East

1881 births
1922 deaths
Government ministers
Military personnel of World War I
Turkish Muslims
Ottoman people
Turkish generals
Turkish politicians
This is a list of streams and rivers in Namibia.  They are arranged by where the river drains.  There is list by letter at the end.

Flowing into the Atlantic Ocean 
Kunene River
Ugab River
Omaruru River
Swakop River
Khan River
Kuiseb River
Orange River
Fish River
Molopo River (South Africa, Botswana)
Nossob River

Flowing into the Indian Ocean 
Zambezi River
Kwando River (or Linyanti River or Chobe River)

Flowing into endorheic basins

Etosha Pan 
Ekuma River
Oshigambo River

Okavango Delta 
Okavango River

Sossusvlei 
Tsauchab

List by letter 
 Ekuma River
 Fish River
 Khan River 
 Kuiseb River 
 Kunene River 
 Kwando River
 Nossob River
 Okavango River
 Omaruru River 
 Orange River 
 Oshigambo River
 Swakop River
 Tsauchab
 Ugab River
 Zambezi River

Namibia
Namibia
This is a list of rivers in Nepal.  Tributaries are indented under each larger stream's name.

Ganges (in India)
Mahananda River (in India)
Bakra River
Kankai River
Ratua Khola
Mechi River
Kosi River (Sapt Koshi)
Tamur River
Arun River
Barun River
Sun Kosi
Dudh Kosi
Imja Khola
Hongu River
Liku River
Bhote Koshi (Tama Kosi)
Indravati River
Bagmati River
Kamala River
Lakhandei River
Bisnumati River
Gandaki River (Narayani) (Kali Gandaki)
East Rapti River
Trishuli River
Seti River
Marshyangdi
 Darudi
Nisi River
Madi River
Ghaghara River (Karnali)
West Rapti River
Rohni River
Tinau River
Mari River
Sarda River (Mahakali) (Kali River)
Surna River 
Chamlia River
Kalapani River
Babai River
Sarju River
Mohan River
Kandra River
Bheri River
Thuli Bheri River
Sani Bheri River
Thuli River
Seti River
Buriganga River
Sinja River
Mugu Karnali
Tanke River
Langu River
Panjang River
Humla Karnali
References
Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.
U.S. Army Map Service, 1966, Manasarowar
U.S. Army Map Service, 1966, Bihar
 GEOnet Names Server 

Geography of Nepal
Nepal
Nepal
rivers
Hotel Mario is a puzzle game developed by Fantasy Factory and published by Philips Interactive Media and Nintendo for the CD-i in 1994. The primary character of the game is Mario, who must find Princess Toadstool by going through seven Koopa hotels in the Mushroom Kingdom. Every hotel is divided into many levels, and what the player must do is close all doors on each level. Killing a Koopaling on the hotel's final level takes the player to the next building. After Nintendo decided not to have Philips create an add-on for the Super NES, they gave Philips permission to use five of their characters in games for Philips' CD-i. There wasn't a lot of time for the games to be developed and there was little funding. The games resulting from the license were widely criticized, with Hotel Mario being known as one of the worst Mario-centered games, due to the animation of the shutting doors, the non-working controls and especially known for the cutscenes that used full motion video
. The CD-i was considered a commercial failure and the games became valuable because of their rarity.
Gameplay
The player controls Mario or his brother Luigi in two-player mode. The player has to complete all levels of the seven hotels in the game. The first six hotels contain 10 levels, and the last 2 hotels contains 15 levels. The player to shut every door before time runs out to get to the next level. The game does not show how to shut the doors. Elevators, which work differently depending on the hotel, let the player to go between the five floors of the level. The amount of points the player gets in the game will depend on how fast they can beat the level. Every stage has its own title screen, which is how the game can be saved. The screens are also used to enter hotel levels that were already played and the map of the Mushroom Kingdom, which allows the player to access any visited hotel.
While trying to close the doors, the player must avoid certain hazards. Mario will lose a life if he touches an enemy, runs out of time, runs off the edge of the floor he is on, or if all the doors are open. Enemies in the game are mostly regular Mario series creatures, such as Goombas, Koopas, Boos, and their variations. The opponent on the last level of each hotel is one of the Koopalings, who use different methods to try to kill Mario.
Bowser has turned the Mushroom Kingdom into a hotel resort for the use of himself and his children. The land is renamed "Klub Koopa Resort" because of this. Each hotel in the area is protected by one of the Koopalings and their henchmen. The hotels represent different building types with many different locations, including a tree, a mine and a cloud. When Mario and Luigi are invited to a picnic by Princess Toadstool, Mario and Luigi enter the Mushroom Kingdom. At the entrance, however, they find a message from Bowser. They find out that Bowser has taken control over the kingdom and established seven hotels there, at one of which Princess Toadstool is being held as a "permanent guest". As they visit the first six hotels, Mario and Luigi find the Princess many times, but on every occasion she disappears out of their sight, ending up in another hotel. They eventually enter another land where Bowser himself lives
. With the hotel's owner killed, the brothers run away from the building with Princess Toadstool before it falls apart. The Princess, now able to rule her kingdom in peace, thanks the Mario brothers for saving her, giving them both a kiss.
In May 1991, after failing to develop a CD-ROM-based add-on for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System with Sony, Nintendo signed a deal with Philips to develop the add-on. However, after seeing the negative reviews of the Sega Mega-CD, Nintendo no longer considered the add-on profitable anymore, and the project was stopped entirely. As part of dissolving the deal, Nintendo gave Philips the license to use five of their characters, including Mario, Luigi, and Princess Toadstool, to be featured in their games for the CD-i. Philips used the characters to create games for the CD-i, with Nintendo taking no part in their development except to give comments on the look of the characters. The Mario characters were going to be used in Super Mario's Wacky Worlds, but the game was cancelled with only some prototype versions being programmed
. While Wacky Worlds was planned as a CD-i adaptation of the side-scrolling platformer video game Super Mario World, Hotel Mario was made into a puzzle game in which level areas were limited to a single screen. Unlike the Legend of Zelda-related games also for the CD-i, the game was not developed by a third-party company, but by Philips' development team Fantasy Factory.
Many full motion video cutscenes were animated for Hotel Mario. The videos show Mario and Luigi as they get to the next hotel, telling each other and giving hints to the player such as: "If you need instructions on how to get through the hotels, check out the enclosed instruction book!". The voices of the Mario Brothers were provided by Marc Graue, with Jocelyn Benford doing the voice-over for Princess Toadstool. On top of the full motion video capabilities of the CD-i, Hotel Mario made use of the system’s internal clock by showing messages that changed according to the date.
The backgrounds of the hotel stages were designed by freelance artist Trici Venola. After seeing Hotel Mario'''s first version—which Venola called "mechanical" and "visually no fun"—she and art director Jeff Zoern decided to use elements from Disney and J. R. R. Tolkien to improve the game's visual style. Drawings of the stages were made out of several blocks, each of which featured one detail. The first item Venola created for all hotels was the door. Every building took one week to complete and was designed according to a specific theme. For example, a gothic design was used for Bowser's hotel.
Reception
Upon its release, Hotel Mario received negative reviews from video game magazines Electronic Gaming Monthly and GamePro. Critics commented that Hotel Marios gameplay was simple yet addicting. GamePro, while calling the game fun, believed that it would soon bore players, and gave it a fun factor of 2.5 out of 5. When Electronic Gaming Monthly named Mario the greatest video game character in 2005, they considered Hotel Mario his most embarrassing moment. Similarly, it was considered as the worst Mario game of all time by ScrewAttack, who criticized the game for its audio and controls, as well as for being solely "based on shutting doors." GameDaily included Hotel Mario in its list of the worst games starring Nintendo mascots, stating its gameplay lacked identifiable Mario elements mainly used in the series. The game was also listed as the worst 2D platformer in the Mario series by N-Europe. The site found the Koopaling battles "uniquely bad", calling the game itself a "steaming turd".
IGN said that Hotel Mario was better than The Legend of Zelda titles, but noted that closing doors was not "a strong enough hook for an entire game." Chris Kohler of Wired magazine saw Hotel Mario as "a puzzle game with no puzzles", assuming it was one of the reasons why Nintendo was not impressed by the CD-ROM medium. The game was referred to as "craptastic" by GamesRadar and "little more than a really rubbish version of Elevator Action" by Eurogamer.
In its 1994 review, GamePro rated Hotel Mario's graphics at 3.5 and sound at 4 out of 5, saying that "the only intriguing aspects of this game are the well-fashioned animated sequences." Years after the game was released, the cut scenes were also criticized among video game websites, and were called "outright terrifying" by 1UP.com. IGN described them as "abysmal" and "a bad flip-book of images printed out of Microsoft Paint. The quality of the voice acting was also questioned. Both 1UP.com and IGN thought the voices were unfitting for the characters and did not achieve the same playfulness as those of Mario and Luigi's current voice artist Charles Martinet. Hotel Mario'' was listed in the Top 20 Worst Mario Games of all time.

References

1994 video games
Puzzle video games
Video game memes
The greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) is the most widespread species of the flamingo family. It is found in the wetlands areas of Africa, southwest Europe, and South Asia. This is the largest species of flamingo, averaging up to 5 feet tall, and weighing 8 lbs. Their wingspan is 4 to 6 feet. Greater flamingos live up to 20 years in the wild. Their diet consists of seeds, algae, and small invertebrates.

The bird lives in mudflats and shallow coastal lagoons with salt water. Using its feet, the bird stirs up the mud, then sucks water through its bill and filters out small shrimp, seeds, blue-green algae, microscopic organisms and molluscs. The greater flamingo feeds with its head down. Its upper jaw is movable and not rigidly fixed to its skull. It was the state bird of Junagadh State.

References 

Birds of Africa
Birds of Pakistan
The bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) is a type of goose that lives in wetland areas in Central Asia. It has a light grey body, broad wings, and a white face and neck. Its name comes from the two stripes (or "bars") of dark feathers that wrap around the back of its head. Like other geese, its feet are webbed. They can get up to 2.5 feet long and weigh 6.5 pounds. They eat mainly grass, wheat, barley and rice.

Physiology 

The main physiological challenge of bar-headed geese is getting oxygen from thin air  to their aerobic muscle fibres so they can fly at high altitudes. Flight is very metabolically costly at high-altitudes because birds need to flap harder in thin air to generate lift. 

Studies have found that bar-headed geese breathe more deeply and efficiently under low oxygen conditions, which serves to increase oxygen uptake from the environment. The haemoglobin of their blood has a higher affinity for oxygen compared to low-altitude geese.
Bar-headed geese have a slightly larger wing area for their weight than other geese, which is believed to help them fly at high altitudes. Birds at high-altitude still need to flap harder than lowland birds.

All this is relevant, since they fly through the high passes in the Himalayas when they migrate to & from the Indian subcontinent.

References 

Geese
Birds of Asia
The Müller's Bornean gibbon (Hylobates muelleri), also known as the grey gibbon, is a primate in the Hylobatidae family. The Muller's gibbon ranks among the smallest gibbons, weighing . It is about  tall. The grey gibbons can live more than 40 years in captivity. They eat primarily fruit, leaves, flowers, and invertebrates.

Range
Muller's gibbons can only be found in the tropical rainforest of the island Borneo.

References 

Apes
Mammals of Asia
Jorge Ricardo (born September 30, 1961 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a jockey of Thoroughbred horse racing, actually riding in Argentina, who became the all-time winningest rider in history on February 5, 2007. He has since been passed by Canadian-born, California-based rider Russell Baze.

Sources
 Ricardo sets new world record
 Ricardo x Baze
 Story on Ricardo's pursuit of 10,000 victories.
 February 6, 2007 ESPN article Brazilian passes Baze to take record -- for now
 Profile of Jorge Ricardo at JockeysRoom.com 

Equestrians
1961 births
Living people
Brazilian sportspeople
The grey bamboo lemur is also called the grey gentle lemur, or the eastern lesser bamboo lemur (Hapalemur griseus). This is the smallest of the bamboo lemurs. It lives mostly in bamboo forests in eastern Madagascar. It is normally active at dusk, eating bamboo leaves and shoots.

Appearance   
Grey bamboo lemurs grow up to  long and weigh up to . The eastern lesser bamboo lemur has a dense, woolly coat that is grey to olive-grey on the upperparts, with chestnut-brown tinges on the head, shoulders, and sometimes the back.

References 

Lemuriformes
Mammals of Africa
The Angola colobus (Colobus angolensis) is an arboreal monkey that belongs to the Colobus genus. They have no thumbs, which is not normal among primates. This allows them to shape their fingers into a winging hook. They eat leaves, fruit, and seeds.

Appearance 
Angolan colobus monkeys have glossy, black fur covers much of the body, but contrasts with short, white hair surrounding the face, a u-shaped, cape-like mantle of long white hair that extends down the shoulders and across the lower back, and a bushy white tuft to the tip of the tail. Colobus monkeys typically can weigh 2 lbs and grow over 2 feet long. Their lifespan is 20 to 30 years in the wild.

Habitat and distribution 
Colobus monkeys live in the trees of the African savannah and tropical forests.

References 

Mammals of Africa
Old World monkeys
Léon (full name Léon: The Professional) is a 1994 French action thriller movie directed by Luc Besson. The focus of Léon is assassination and the Mafia. The movie is set in New York City. Jean Reno plays the title role, a hitman. Natalie Portman co-stars as Matilda, a girl who is being taught to become an assassin. And Gary Oldman plays the main villain Norman Stansfield, a corrupt cop in the Drug Enforcement Administration and mafia leader who kills Matilda's family. Léon was released in the United States on November 18, 1994.

Other websites 

1994 action movies
1994 thriller movies
1990s action thriller movies
English-language movies
French action movies
French thriller movies
Movies set in New York City
Movies about assassinations
Movies directed by Luc Besson
Christine Marie "Chris" Evert (born 21 December 1954) is an American retired tennis player. 

Evert was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, a daughter of tennis player and coach Jimmy Evert.

Evert turned professional in 1972. In singles, she won the Australian Open in 1982 and 1984. She won the French Open in 1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985 and 1986. She won Wimbledon in 1974, 1976 and 1981. She won the US Open in 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980 and 1982. In doubles, she won the French Open in 1974 and 1975, as well as Wimbledon in 1976. She retired in 1989.

She was engaged to Jimmy Connors in 1974. She married John Lloyd in 1979; they divorced in 1987. She married Andy Mill in 1988; they had three sons. She divorced him in 2006. She married Greg Norman in 2008; they divorced in 2009. She lives in Boca Raton, Florida.
1954 births
American tennis players
French Open champions
Living people
People from Boca Raton, Florida
Sportspeople from Florida
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
The Senate of Chile is the upper house of Chile's bicameral National Congress established in the Chilean constitution.

Related pages 
 President of the Senate of Chile
 National Congress of Chile
 Chamber of Deputies of Chile

Other websites 

 The Official website of the Chilean Senate 

Government of Chile
Chile