Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
. Combes as Prime Minister in 1902, was determined to thoroughly defeat Catholicism. He closed down all parochial schools in France. Then he had parliament reject authorisation of all religious orders. This meant that all fifty four orders were dissolved and about 20,000 members immediately left France, many for Spain.[190] In 1905 the 1801 Concordat was abrogated; Church and State were finally separated. All Church property was confiscated. Public worship was given over to associations of Catholic laymen who controlled access to churches. In practise, Masses and rituals continued. The Church was badly hurt and lost half its priests. In the long run, however, it gained autonomy—for the State no longer had a voice in choosing bishops and Gallicanism was dead.
Industrial age

First Vatican Council 
Before the council, in 1854 Pope Pius IX proclaimed the dogma of the Immaculate Conception.  The majority of Catholic Bishops supported this decision. Eight years earlier, in 1846, the Pope declared the Immaculata the patron of the USA.

During First Vatican Council, some 108 council fathers requested to add the words "Immaculate Virgin" to the Hail Mary. Some fathers asked to includethe dogma of the Immaculate Conception in the Creed of the Church. This was opposed by Pius IX. It was also strongly opposed by some council fathers, especially from Germany. Many French Catholics wished that the Council declared Papal infallibility and the assumption of Mary dogma. In 1870, the First Vatican Council affirmed the doctrine of papal infallibility. Controversy over this and other issues resulted in a very small breakaway movement called the Old Catholic Church.
Social teachings 
The Industrial Revolution brought many concerns about the deteriorating conditions of urban workers. In 1891 Pope Leo XIII published the encyclical Rerum novarum. It was set in context Catholic social teaching: it rejected socialism but advocated the regulation of working conditions. Rerum novarum argued for the establishment of a living wage and the right of workers to form trade unions.

Quadragesimo anno was issued by Pope Pius XI, on 15 May 1931, 40 years after Rerum novarum. Unlike Leo, who addressed mainly the condition of workers, Pius XI concentrated on the ethical implications of the social and economic order. He called for the reconstruction of the social order based on the principle of solidarity and subsidiarity. He noted major dangers for human freedom and dignity, arising from unrestrained capitalism and totalitarian communism.
Mariology 
Popes have always highlighted the link between the Virgin Mary as Mother of God and the full acceptance of Jesus Christ as Son of God. Since the 19th century, they were very important for the development of mariology to explain the veneration of Mary. Before the 19th century, Popes promulgated Marian veneration in different ways such as authorizing new Marian feast days, prayers, initiatives, the acceptance and support of Marian congregations. Since the 19th century, Popes begin to use encyclicals more frequently. Thus Leo XIII, the Rosary Pope issued eleven Marian encyclicals. Recent Popes promulgated the veneration of the Blessed Virgin with two dogmas:
 Pius IX the Immaculate Conception in 1854 
 the Assumption of Mary in 1950 by Pope Pius XII.
Anti-clericalism 
The 20th century saw the rise of various politically radical and anti-clerical governments. The 1926 Calles Law separating church and state in Mexico led to the Cristero War. In it, over 3,000 priests were exiled or assassinated, churches desecrated, services mocked, nuns raped and captured priests shot. In the Soviet Union following the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, persecution of the Church and Catholics continued well into the 1930s. In addition to the execution and exiling of clerics, monks and laymen, the confiscation of religious implements and closure of churches was common. During the 1936–39 Spanish Civil War, the Catholic hierarchy supported Francisco Franco's rebel Nationalist forces against the Popular Front government. This was due to the Republican violence directed against the Church.
World War II 
After the Second World War began in September 1939, the Church condemned the invasion of Poland and the following 1940 Nazi invasions. In the Holocaust, Pope Pius XII directed the Church hierarchy to help protect Jews and Gypsies from the Nazis. While Pius XII has been credited with helping to save hundreds of thousands of Jews, the Church has also been accused of antisemitism. Other commentators have accused Pius of not doing enough to stop Nazi atrocities. Debate over the validity of these criticisms continues to this day.

Post-Industrial age

Second Vatican Council 
The Catholic Church started a reformation process after the Second Vatican Council (1962–65). Intended as a continuation of Vatican I, under Pope John XXIII the council developed into an engine of modernisation. Its main task was double:
  to make the historical teachings of the Church clear to a modern world,
 to comment on topics like the nature of the church, the mission of the laity and religious freedom
Other reforms decided at the Second Vatican Council were:
 Revision of the liturgy, in which vernacular languages could be used.
 Efforts to improve Christian unity became a priority.

Catholicism today

Catholic-Orthodox dialogue 
In June 2004, the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I's visited Rome. This happened on the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June). Its scope was another personal meeting with Pope John Paul II, for conversations with the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity.
The Patriarch's partial participation in the Eucharistic liturgy followed the program of the past visits of Patriarch Dimitrios (1987) and Patriarch Bartholomew I himself:
 full participation in the Liturgy of the Word,
 joint proclamation by the Pope and by the Patriarch of the profession of faith according to the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed in Greek and as the conclusion,
 the final Blessing imparted by both the Pope and the Patriarch at the Altar of the Confessio.
The Patriarch did not fully participate in the Liturgy of the Eucharist involving the consecration and distribution of the Eucharist itself.

In accordance with the Catholic Church's practice of including the Filioque clause when reciting the Creed in Latin, but not when reciting the Creed in Greek, Popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI have recited the Nicene Creed jointly with Patriarchs Demetrius I and Bartholomew I in Greek without the Filioque clause.
The declaration of Ravenna in 2007 re-asserted these beliefs, and re-stated the notion that the bishop of Rome is indeed the protos, although future discussions are to be held on the concrete ecclesiological exercise of papal primacy.

Benedict XVI 
With the election of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, the Church largely saw a continuation of the policies of his predecessor, Pope John Paul II. However, there were some notable exceptions: Benedict decentralized beatifications and reverted the decision of his predecessor regarding papal elections. In 2007, he set a Church record by approving the beatification of 498 Spanish Martyrs. His first encyclical Deus caritas est discussed love and sex in continued opposition to several other views on sexuality.
Francis 
Following  the resignation of Benedict, Pope Francis  was elected pope 2013. He is the current and first Jesuit pope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first from the Southern Hemisphere. Since his election to the papacy, he has displayed a simpler and less formal approach to the office, choosing to reside in the Vatican guesthouse rather than the papal residence. 

Catholicism
History of Christianity
Zainab bint Muhammad () (598/599—629 CE), was the eldest daughter of Muhammad and Khadija bint Khuwaili. Zainab was born in 600 AD, in the 5th year of Khadija's marriage, and died in 8 AH, 629 AD, at the age of 30.

References

Other websites 
 Qurayshi family tree

599 births
629 deaths
Female Sahabah
Children of Muhammad
A glass ceiling is an idea that people use to talk about why some people do not get promotions in companies, schools, and other groups.  A company has a glass ceiling if it looks as if women and minorities could become leaders but they never really do.  That is called a glass ceiling because a new employee starting at the bottom (the "ground floor"), can see all the way up to the top of the building (leadership), but really there is a barrier in the way.
Within the same ideas of the other terms surrounding the workplace, there are similar terms about extra rules about women and their roles within organisations and how they manage their jobs as mothers. These "Invisible Barriers" work as metaphors to describe the many extra things stopping women, usually when trying to become better in their career and usually while also trying to make their other parts of life better.

"A glass ceiling" represents something stopping women from getting high ranks in a company where people have different amounts of power, usually shown on a pyramid diagram. Those women are not allowed to get promotion, especially to the very high rankings, inside their jobs. Since 2001, the women working who do not work in the health and educational sector have not been seen in the high ranks a lot.

References

Feminism
Pukhraj Bafna is an Indian pediatrician and adolescent health consultant, known for his contributions towards tribal child and adolescent health. The Government of India honored Bafna in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.

References 

People from Chhattisgarh‎
1976 births
Living people
Indian physicians
Madan Tiwary (1923-2011) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Rajnandgaon, Madhya Pradesh as a member of the Janata Party.

References 

Politicians from Madhya Pradesh
1923 births
2011 deaths
Belle is a 2013 British biographical drama movie directed by Amma Asante and starring Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Tom Wilkinson, Miranda Richardson, Emily Watson, Alex Jennings, Penelope Wilton, Matthew Goode, James Norton. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 

2013 drama movies
2010s biographical movies
British biographical movies
2010s British drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Amma Asante
Idrīs (), is known to Muslims as Hazrat Idris, is the third prophet sent to mankind according to Islamic history. According to Muslim belief, he received prophethood from the Creator after Adam, the first prophet of Islam. There is disagreement about his birthplace. According to some, he was born in Babylon, Iraq. According to some, he was born in Egypt. He is thought to be the Enoch mentioned in the Bible.

Quran 
Idris is mentioned twice in the Quran, where he is described as a wise man. In surah 19 of the Quran, Maryam, God says: 

Later, in surah 21, al-Anbiya, Idris is again praised:

Reference

Other websites 
 prophets (a.s.) - when & where

Quran
David Yonggi Cho (14 February 1936 – 14 September 2021) was a South Korean Christian minister. He was a co-founder of the Yoido Full Gospel Church (Assemblies of God). It was the world's largest congregation with 830,000 members in 2007. He was born in Ulju County, South Korea. In 2014, Cho was convicted of embezzling $12 million USD in church funds.

Cho died on 14 September 2021 at the age of 85 from problems caused by a stroke.

References

1936 births
2021 deaths
Christian ministers
South Korean criminals
Deaths from stroke
Viktor Germanovich Kazantsev (; 26 February 1946 – 14 September 2021) was a Russian general and politician. He was an envoy of the Russian president to the Southern Federal District from 2000 to 2004. He was in charge of negotiations between the Russian government and the Chechen opposition. He was a general of the Russian Ground Forces. His military career began with the Soviet Army in 1963. He retired in 2000. He was born in Vitebsk Region, Soviet Union.

Kazantsev died on 14 September 2021 in Krasnodar, Russia at the age of 75.

References

1946 births
2021 deaths
Russian generals
Russian politicians
Soviet generals
Soviet politicians
Sheikh Ali Abdul Rahman Ahmed Mulla (), is the veteran muazzin (caller for prayer) at the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

References

Other websites 
 The Legendary Azan of Sheikh Ali Ahmed Mulla familiar around the Islamic world
 The Sheikh doing the Azan live in Masjid Al Haram, Mecca
 October 2003 interview
 Ali Ahmed Mulla azan collection from Makkah
 Ali Ahmed Mulla

People from Mecca
1945 births
Living people
Ladislav Lubina (11 February 1967 – 14 September 2021) was a Czech ice hockey player and ice hockey coach. He was drafted by the Minnesota North Stars in 1985. He never played in the NHL. Lubina won a bronze medal at the 1992 Winter Olympics, playing for the national team. Lubina was born in Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czechoslovakia.

Lubina died on 14 September 2021 of brain cancer in Prague, Czech Republic at the age of 54.

References

1967 births
2021 deaths
Czech ice hockey players
Cancer deaths in the Czech Republic
Deaths from brain cancer
Czech Olympic bronze medalists
Sergio Fajardo Valderrama (; born 19 June 1956) is a Colombian politician and mathematician. Fajardo was the Governor of Antioquia from 2012 to 2016. He was Mayor of Medellin from 2004 until 2008. He is a member of the Compromiso Ciudadano Party.

Fajardo ran for President of Colombia in the 2018, coming in third place. He ran again for president in the 2022 election and came in fourth place.

References

1956 births
Living people
Mathematicians
Mayors of Medellín
The Green Dome (), is a green dome built over the tombs of Muhammad, Caliph Abu Bakr and Umar. The dome is located in the south-east corner of the Nawabi Mosque in Medina.

Gallery

References 

Mosques in Saudi Arabia
Medina
13th-century buildings and structures
Frederic William Stanfield (May 4, 1944 – September 13, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League from 1964 until 1978. He won two Stanley Cups with the Boston Bruins, in 1970 and 1972. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. Stanfield played for the Chicago Black Hawks, Boston Bruins, Minnesota North Stars and the Buffalo Sabres.

Stanfield died on September 13, 2021 in Buffalo, New York at the age of 77.

References

1944 births
2021 deaths
Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks players
Boston Bruins players
Minnesota North Stars players
Buffalo Sabres players
Ice hockey people from Toronto
Stanley Cup champions
Beverly Hills is a village in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is about  north of the city of Detroit. 10,267 people lived here in 2010.

References

Villages in Michigan
Fran Bennett (August 14, 1937 – September 12, 2021) was an American actress. She was born in Malvern, Arkansas. Her career began in 1961. She played Dr. Heffner in the 1994 horror movie Wes Craven's New Nightmare. She also appeared in the 1990s soap opera Sunset Beach and medical drama Nightingales. She also taught at the California Institute of the Arts.

Bennett died on September 12, 2021 in Santa Clarita, California at the age of 84.

References

1937 births
2021 deaths
Educators from Arkansas
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Arkansas
Actors from Los Angeles County, California
Educators from California
The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art university in Santa Clarita, California. It was created in 1961. They have Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, and Doctor of Musical Arts programs. The school's area of education include Art, Critical Studies, Dance, Film/Video, Music, and Theater.

References

Colleges and universities in California
Los Angeles County, California
Do Not Disturb is a 1965 American romantic comedy movie directed by Ralph Levy and George Marshall and was based on the play Some Other Love by William Fairchild. It stars Doris Day, Rod Taylor, Hermione Baddeley, Raquel Welch, Reginald Gardiner, Leon Askin, Britt Ekland, Dick Winslow and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 

1965 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies based on plays
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by George Marshall
Movies set in England
Yuriy Georgiyevich Sedykh (; ) (11 June 1955 – 14 September 2021) was a Soviet track and field athlete, who took part of the hammer throw. He held the world record with a throw of 86.74 m. He won two Olympic gold medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics and 1980 Summer Olympics. He also won a silver medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics. Sedykh was born in Novocherkassk, Russia.

Sedykh died on 14 September 2021 in Paris, France at the age of 66.

References

1955 births
2021 deaths
Soviet athletes
Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Soviet Olympic silver medalists
Hammer throwers
Novocherkassk (, lit. New Cherkassk) is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia. 168,746 people lived here in 2010.

References

Cities and towns in Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). The oblast has an area of . 4,277,976 people lived here (2010 Census).

References

 
States and territories established in 1937
Dix Hills is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) on Long Island in the town of Huntington in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 26,892 at the 2010 census.

References

Hamlets in New York (state)
Census-designated places in New York (state)
Pithecopus oreades is a frog that lives in Brazil.  It lives high in the hills.  Scientists have seen it more than 900 meters above sea level. Scientists have seen it up in the mountains, between 280 and 1000 meters above sea level.

References

Frogs of South America
In some forms of the religion Islam, Nikah mut'ah is a form of marriage. It is also called Sigheh. Unlike Nikāḥ, which is the other form of marriage in Islamic law, a Nikah mut'ah marriage does not last for the two people's whole lives.  It lasts only limited time. Nikah mutah is about sexual pleasure. The Twelver Shia Muslims say that Nikah mut'ah is legal, but most other Muslims disagree.

Conditions 
Some things must be true for a Nikah mut'ah:
The bride must not be married to anyone else at the time
If she has never been married, her legal guardian must agree
She must be a Muslim, or among the People of the Book (which means Christians, Jews, and Muslims, mostly)
After the contract ends, she must not have sex with anyone for some time.  This is usually three months. This is so people will know that the father of any children she has if she becomes pregnant was her husband.
Nikah mut'ah is different from the other form of marriage in other ways too:
The husband is not required to provide alimony or shelter for his wife
There's no way to settle an inheritance in favor of the partner if one of the two dies

Nikah mut'ah does not have to be publicly announced. Islam says that Muslim men may have only four and no more, but this only applies to Nikah-marriages.

According to Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the Nikah mut'ah is the only way a Muslim can marry a person of the Book who is not Muslim. He says Nikah is not possible with non-Muslims. Other Ayatollahs say that Muslims can marry non-Muslim people of the book.
Criticism 
Nikah mut'ah has been used to cover child prostitution. Some Western writers have argued that mut'ah is similar to prostitution. Julie Parshall writes that mut'ah is legalised prostitution allowed by the Twelver Shia authorities. She quotes the Oxford encyclopedia of modern Islamic world to make a difference between marriage (nikah) and mut'ah. She also says that while nikah is for having children, mut'ah is just for sexual gratification.

References

Islamic law
Marriage
Dominic Gerard Francis Eagleton West (born 15 October 1969) is an English actor, director and musician. He played Baltimore detective Jimmy McNulty in the HBO series The Wire (2002–2008). His roles as Hector Madden in The Hour (2011–2012) and as Noah Solloway in The Affair (2014–2019) earnt him Golden Globe nominations.

West won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for playing serial killer Fred West in Appropriate Adult (2011).

West acted in Chicago (2002), 300 (2007), Punisher: War Zone (2008), Johnny English Reborn (2011), John Carter (2012), The Square (2017) and Colette (2018).

West was born in Sheffield. He has Irish ancestry. He is married to Catherine FitzGerald. He has five children.

References

Other websites

1969 births
Living people
Actors from Sheffield
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
João Baptista Martins (3 September 1927 – 16 November 1993) was a Portuguese footballer.

Club career
He played for Sporting CP for 13 years. During his time with the club, he would win seven Primeira Liga titles and the 1954 Taça de Portugal.

On September 4, 1955, he scored the first-ever goal of the European Cup, in a 3–3 draw against FK Partizan.

International career
Martins won 11 caps for Portugal. He made his debut on November 23, 1952, in a 1–1 draw against Austria.

Later life and death
After retiring, Martins moved to France, and worked in a factory. He died in November 1993 aged 66, due to heart failure.

References

Other websites
Portugal stats at Eu-Football

1927 births
1993 deaths
Portuguese footballers
Association football forwards
Military career of Muhammad (c. 570 – 8 June 632), Islam lasted from 622 to 632, the last ten years of his life. He and his followers were expelled from the holy city of Mecca, controlled by the powerful Quraish tribe. He began to block the caravans of Mecca. After the first battle of Badr in 624, his power gradually increased and he began to influence other tribes through diplomacy or conquest.

List of expeditions of Muhammad

Further reading

References 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Muhammad
Nouman Ali Khan is an American Muslim speaker and author of Pakistani descent. He is the founder and CEO of The Bayyinah Institute for Arabic and Quranic Studies and Chief Adviser. The fifth edition of The Five Hundred Most Influential Muslims, a biographical dictionary of Islamic personalities, lists Noman Ali Khan as one of the most influential Muslims in the world without any ranking.

Early life
Khan was born 4 May 1978, in Germany to a Pakistani family and spent his preschool years in the former East Berlin. His father then worked for the Pakistan Embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where Khan attended the Pakistan Embassy school from grades 2 to 8. His father moved the family to New York when Khan was in his teens.
Career
His serious training in Arabic began in the United States in 1999 under Dr. Abdus-Samie, founder and formal principal of Quran College, Faisaland, Paskistan. Under Dr. Abdus-Samie, Nouman developed a keen methodical understanding of Arabic grammar. He further benefited from Dr. Abdus-Samie by internalizing his unique teaching methods and later translating his work into English for the benefit of his own students. Then Nouman served as a professor below a assistant professor at Nassau Community College and has taught Modern Standard and Classical Arabic at various venues. After serving as an instructor (a college teacher ranking below assistant professor) in Nassau Community College he founded Bayyinah Institute. After founding Bayyinah Institue he became the author of Divine Speech: Exploring Quran As Literature and Revive Your Heart: Putting Life in Perspective

Publications

References

Other websites 
 

Living people
American Muslims
1978 births
A meromorphic function is a function that is holomorphic (defined on the complex numbers, and that can be differentiated everywhere where it is defined) on all of an open set except for a set of isolated points, which are poles of the function.

All rational functions, for exampleare meromorphic on the whole complex plane.
Complex analysis
Blue Springs is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Buckner is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Grain Valley is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Lake Lotawana is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Lake Tapawingo is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Levasy is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Lone Jack is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Raytown is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Yasmin Mogahed (born 1980), is an international speaker and author, she focuses most of her work on spiritual and personal development. She received her B.S. Degree in Psychology and her Masters in Journalism and Mass Communications from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Publication 
 Reclaim Your Heart । FB Publishing । 
 Love & Happiness: A collection of personal reflections and quotes । FB Publishing । 
 Healing the Emptiness: A Guide to emotional and spiritual well-being Yasmin Mogahed

References

Other websites 
 Official Website
 Audios by Yasmin Mogahed

American Muslims
American writers
Living people
1980 births
Avondale is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Gladstone is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Glenaire is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Kearney is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Missouri City is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Mosby is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
North Kansas City is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Pleasant Valley is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Randolph is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States.

Cities in Missouri
Fox Business (officially known as Fox Business Network) is an American business news channel owned by the Fox News Media division of Fox Corporation. The channel broadcasts primarily from studios at 1211 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan. It was launched on October 15, 2007. The network features trading day coverage and a nightly lineup of opinion-based talk shows.

Day-to-day operations are run by Kevin Magee, executive vice president of Fox News. Neil Cavuto is the vice president and managing editor for the network and business news operation overall.

As of February 2015, Fox Business Network is available to approximately 74,224,000 pay television households (63.8% of households with television) in the United States.

References 

American television channels
2007 establishments in the United States
Gender bias is a set of words used in social science that causes a bias, or slant, in scientific studies towards one gender. Studies with gender bias do not represent the true gender balance.

Gender bias has many causes:
Using gender stereotypes, rather than checking the true role: Tools that are used by doctors to identify some mental illnesses (such as clinical depression or ADHD) often use stereotyped gender roles. For example, in girls, being hyperactive is often seen as good thing. Many people think that girls are supposed to talk and smile often. In boys, being hyperactive is seen as a weakness. Another example is that in many societies in which men are in charge, men are often seen as normal, and no one questions or thinks much about that. An androcentric view happens, which is biased towards men.
Failure to take gender-specific factors into account. For example, when scientists study clinical depression again, they sometimes think that clinical depression is naturally much more common in women than in men. However, women tend to ask for professional help with depression earlier than men, who are more likely to hide their problems since they are taught not to ask for help. Depression might therefore not be more much common in women, despite what it seems. There may be a similar gender bias with ADHD. Men and women are fundamentally different, which is not taken into account. In the case of ADHD, doctors therfore see men as having a problem sooner than for women. That also affects the gender pay gap of women being paid less than men.
Gender-specific language: Many languages use the male form for both sexes. Raders sometimes think the writer is talking about everyone when the writer really is talking about only men and boys. However, saying that someone "has a full-time job" may introduce a bias. In most cultures in the world, there are "traditional role models," and women rarely have full-time jobs, especially when they also look after their children.
 Overgeneralizations: Generalizion may occur from one gender to all. Many drugs are tested only on men, not women, when they are approved for use in patients. Such drugs may not work the same way on women. For example, some drugs may be dangerous for women and they they need to be tested on women as well.
References

Gender
Discrimination
Sahakutumb Sahaparivar () is a Marathi language drama which aired on Star Pravah. It starred Sunil Barve and Nandita Dhuri-Patkar. The show is produced by Ranjit Thakur and Hemant Ruparel for Frames Production.

Cast

Main 
 Sunil Barve as Suryakant More (Surya)
 Nandita Dhuri-Patkar as Sarita Suryakant More (Saru)

Recurring 
 Amey Barve / Nimish Kulkarni as Vaibhav More (Vaibhya)
 Sakshi Gandhi as Avani Vaibhav More
 Akash Nalawade as Prashant More (Pashya)
 Komal Kumbhar as Anjali Dhananjay Dhawale / Anjali Prashant More (Anji)
 Akash Shinde as Omkar More (Onkya)
 Pooja Purandare as Pooja OmkarMore
 Annapurna Bhairi as Laxmi More
 Kishori Ambiye as Asha Dhananjay Dhawale (Mami)
 Santosh Patil / Mahesh Ghag as Dhananjay Dhawale (Mama)
 Bhagyashri Pawar as Guddi
 Sayali Sambhare as Kavita
 Bhushan Patil as Sarjerao
 Suhas Paranjpe as Akkasaheb
 Shweta Mehendale as Jyoti
 Ruturaj Phadke as Mihir

TVT Ratings

TVR Ratings

References 

2020 Indian television series debuts
Lagira Zala Ji is an Indian Marathi language television Drama series. It started on 1 May 2017 and ended on 22 June 2019. It was produced by Shweta Shinde under Vajra Productions.

Production 
The series premiered on 1 May 2017 and aired on Zee Marathi from Monday to Saturday at 7 pm by replacing Jai Malhar.

Special episode (1 hour) 
 22 July 2018
 2 September 2018
 6 January 2019

Cast

Main 
 Shivani Baokar as Sheetal Surendra Pawar / Sheetal Ajinkya Shinde
 Nitish Chavan as Fouji Ajinkya Shinde (Ajya)

Recurring 
Bhoite family
 Kiran Dhane as Jayshree Samadhan Bhoite / Jayshree Harshwardhan Deshmukh (Jaydi) 
 Purva Shinde replacing Kiran as Jayshree (Jaydi) 
 Vidya Sawale as Pushpa Samadhan Bhoite (Mami) 
 Kalyani Chaudhari replacing Vidya as Pushpa 
 Kamal Thoke as Jiji
 Santosh Patil as Samadhan Bhoite (Mama)
Pawar family
 Manjusha Khetri as Neelam Pawar
 Daya Eksambekar as Usha Surendra Pawar
 Saurabh Bhise as Saurabh Surendra Pawar
 Devendra Deo as Surendra Pawar (Nana)
 Sandip Jangam as Jitendra Pawar
 Shivani Ghatge as Suman Jitendra Pawar
 Dhruv Gosavi as Dhruv Jitendra Pawar
 Dhondiram Karande as Appa

Deshmukh family
 Kiran Gaikwad as Harshawardhan Yuvraj Deshmukh (Bhaiyyasaheb)
 Yogini Pophale as Pratibha Yuvraj Deshmukh (Taisaheb)
 Bharati Dole as Aaisaheb
 Vedraj Anapat as Simmba
 Mahesh Jadhav as Talent

Fouji
 Nikhil Chavan as Vikram Raut (Vikya)
 Mahesh Ghag as Hanumant
 Shriram Lokhande as Abhay Marane
 Aniket Lad as Pashya
 Varinder Singh as Sardarji
 Amit Kulkarni as K.K.
 Arjun Kusumbe
 Amar Gaikwad
 Sumeet Pusavale
 Rahul Jagtap
Villagers
 Amarnath Kharade as Jameer (Jamya)
 Laxmi Vibhute as Yasmin
 Rahul Magdum as Rahul Ravindra Tate
 Nilima Kamane as Nilima Ravindra Tate
 Shekhar Sawant as Photographer
 Kiran Dalavi as Gotya
 Sachin Hagavane-Patil as Milk Dairy owner
 Anita Chavan
 Ashok Gurav
 Rukmini Sutar

Ratings

Adaptations

Awards

References
Johan Huizinga (7 December 1872 – 1 February 1945) was a Dutch historian, known as author of work The Autumn of the Middle Ages (1919). He was also employer of Groningen University and Leiden University.

Works 
 Mensch en menigte in America (1918)
 Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen (1919) 
 Erasmus of Rotterdam (1924)
 Amerika Levend en Denkend (1926)
 Leven en werk van Jan Veth (1927)
 Homo Ludens. Proeve eener bepaling van het spel-element der cultuur (1938)

1872 births
1945 deaths
Dutch historians
People from Groningen (city)
Chestnut flour, also called sweet flour, is a flour made by grinding chestnuts.

It has a hazelnut-like color and a sweet flavour. It is mainly made in Italian mountain regions, which is between 450 to 900 meters above sea level, where the sweet chestnut can be found. In the past, it was a important source for the regions as it is high in energy.

The chestnut in the time of San Benedetto was intensively cultivated due to famines and the plague in Tuscany in the 1300s that led the population to move in for finding support at the hills.

In Corsica, chestnut trees were introduced in the 16th century by the Genoese, and their spread had changed the culture of the island including its food.

References 

Flour
Li Yin (Chinese::李因, Born 1610 - 1685) was a poet, painter, calligrapher during late Ming Dynasty and in the early of Qing Dynasty, she is known for her flowers and birds on paintings.

Works 
Many of her paintings are collected in museums includes:

 Flowers and Birds
 Pine and Eagle
 Flowers and Plants
 Mynas bird and Pomegranate Fruit
 Lotus Flowers and Mandarin Ducks

References

Other websites 

 

1610s births
1685 deaths
Chinese painters
Chinese poets
Lin Xue (Chinese:林雪) was a poet, painter, and calligrapher of the Ming Dynasty.

Works 

 Landscape Painting, with ink on Golden Paper, on 1620.
 Landscape Painting, Bamboo Tree (Hanging-Scroll style), using ink and color on Silk, on 1621, Collected at Art institute of Chicago
 Landscape Painting, (Fan) using ink on Golden Paper, on 1622, Private Collection

References 

Chinese painters
Sun Long (Simplified Chinese::孙隆, Traditional Chinese:孫隆) was a landscape painter during the Ming Dynasty.

References

More sources 

 Barnhart, R. M. et al. (1997). Three thousand years of Chinese painting. New Haven, Yale University Press. 
 Zhongguo gu dai shu hua jian ding zu (中国古代书画鑑定组). 2000. Zhongguo hui hua quan ji (中国绘画全集). Zhongguo mei shu fen lei quan ji. Beijing: Wen wu chu ban she. Volume 10.

Chinese painters
Lust for Gold is a 1949 American adventure western movie directed by S. Sylvain Simon and was based on the novel Thunder God's Gold by Barry Storm. It stars Ida Lupino, Glenn Ford, Gig Young, Edgar Buchanan, Paul Ford, Will Geer and Columbia Pictures.

Other websites

 
 

1949 adventure movies
1940s Western (genre) movies
American adventure movies
American Western (genre) movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by S. Sylvain Simon
Mangala (Sanskrit: मङ्गल, IAST: Maṅgala) is the name for Mars, the red planet, in Hindu texts. Also known as Lohit (meaning: red), he is the god of anger, celibate and sometimes linked to god Kartikeya (Skanda). 

Mars
The Runaround is a 1946 American mystery movie directed by Charles Lamont and starring Rod Cameron, George Cleveland, Ella Raines, Charles Coleman, Joe Sawyer, Nana Bryant, Frank McHugh. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1946 mystery movies
American mystery movies
Movies directed by Charles Lamont
Frontier Gal is a 1945 American western movie directed by Charles Lamont and starring Yvonne De Carlo, Rod Cameron, Andy Devine, Fuzzy Knight, Andrew Tombes, Sheldon Leonard, Clara Blandick, Jan Wiley. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites

1945 movies
1940s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Movies directed by Charles Lamont
LIV Swiss Watches is a watch company in Miami, United States. LIV Swiss Watches' headquarters are in Miami, but most of its watches are made by hand and put together in Switzerland. It is the Swiss watch brand with the most crowdfunding support.

The watches are available worldwide. Magazines and newspapers in Switzerland, Germany, France, Japan, and other countries have written about them.

History
Esti Chazanow started LIV Swiss Watches in Miami, Florida in 2012. She wanted to build good Swiss watches that were not expensive but could also last, and so went on Kickstarter to get crowdfunding for her idea. Chazanow wanted to make LIV Swiss Watches more personalized too, instead of mass producing it. Some other crowdfunded watch brands are Sequent SuperCharger and Laventure Marine.

LIV Swiss Watches has also supported and worked with Taylor Eisenhart since 2019. In 2018, LIV Watches gave the winners of the F1600 Championship Series with custom GX1-A Swiss watches.
Watches
The first LIV watch model, the GX1 Swiss Quartz Chronograph, came out in 2014. The second model, the GX1-A Swiss Automatic, was funded with $1,119,029 by over 2,169 people within 12 hours.

Another model launched in 2016 is the GX Base. Later in 2017, the next LIV model, called Rebel, was also funded within 12 hours, receiving more than $1.7 million from over 2,900 people. The GX1-A was also launched in 2017. It has a luminescent (light-making) feature called Super-LumiNova. In 2018, the Titanium Ceramic Chrono watch was launched and funded.

Other models include the GX1 Panda (for sportswear), GMT Cobalt, GX-AC, GX1, and many others.

There are also many limited edition watches and collections. Some of them are specialized watches for divers, pilots, and other watches for specific uses and groups of people.

References

Other websites
LIV Swiss Watches
Press

21st-century establishments in the United States
Companies based in Florida
Miami
Rang Majha Vegla () is an Indian Marathi soap opera that aired on Star Pravah. It started on 30 October 2019.

Cast

Main 
 Reshma Shinde as Deepa Shrirang Devkule / Deepa Kartik Inamdar
 Ashutosh Gokhale as Kartik Lalit Inamdar

Recurring 
Kartik's family
 Shrirang Deshmukh as Lalit Inamdar
 Harshada Khanvilkar as Saundarya Lalit Inamdar
 Ambar Ganpule / Bhagyesh Patil as Aditya Lalit Inamdar
 Anagha Bhagare as Shweta Shrirang Devkule / Shweta Aditya Inamdar
 Saisha Bhoir / Maitreyi Date as Kartiki Kartik Inamdar
 Anushka Pimputkar as elder Kartiki
 Spruha Dali as Deepika Kartik Inamdar
 Tanishka Vishe as elder Deepika
 Shalmali Tolye as Lavanya Inamdar

Deepa's family
 Pournima Talwalkar as Radha Shrirang Devkule
 Gautam Murdeshwar as Shrirang Devkule
 Vandana Marathe as Deepa's grandmother
Others
 Abhidnya Bhave as Tanuja Mantri
 Vidisha Mhaskar as Ayesha Deshmukh
 Nikhil Rajeshirke as Sujay
 Manasi Ghate as Sakshi
 Meghan Jadhav as Aryan / Nakul
 Shirish Joshi as Mr. Athawale
 Rujuta Deshmukh as Sudha Athawale
 Vaishali Bhosale as Ashwini
 Amruta Bane as Nikita
 Vishwas Navare as Sadanand
 Priya Kambale / Chitra Gadgil as Ayesha's mother

TVT ratings

TVR ratings

References 

2019 Indian television series debuts
The Repression of Uyghurs in China (sometimes called the Uyghur Genocide) is all the human rights violations in Xinjiang that are hurting Uyghurs. This is being done by the Chinese government. It is estimated that there are more than a million Uyghurs being persecuted. Some governments and human rights NGOs (organisations that aren't governments) call the repression against Uyghurs a genocide (destroying a group of people). Not everybody agrees that the repression is a genocide though.

The Uyghurs

 have to go into concentration camps
 must do lots of work (forced labor)
 can not have children
 are forced to listen to the Chinese government
 are not allowed to do their religion
Thousands of mosques are being destroyed and damaged. Hundreds of thousands of children are being sent to boarding schools.

References 

China
Genocides in Asia
, known mononymously as Ai (, stylized as AI or A.I. ), is a Japanese-American singer-songwriter, record producer, spokeswoman, and actress. She is best known in Japan for her 2005 single "Story", which became one of the biggest singles of the 2000s in Japan, peaking at number 8 on the Japanese Oricon singles chart, and was the sixth single in history to receive a triple million digital certification by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ).

Career

2000-2001: My Name Is Ai 
Ai released her debut single "Cry, Just Cry" in 2000 shortly after graduating high school. She released two additional singles from the album before it was released on her birthday in 2001.

2003-2004: Original Ai and 2004 Ai 
In 2003, Ai signed to Def Jam Japan after her previous album was a commercial failure. With the release of Original Ai in 2003, she began to rise in popularity in Japan. Her third album, 2004 Ai, became her first album to receive a certification from the RIAJ.
2005-2007: "Story", Mic-a-holic Ai, What's Goin' on Ai and Don't Stop Ai 
In 2005, Ai moved to Island Records. Later that year, she released her best-selling single in her career, "Story". Her fourth album, Mic-a-holic Ai, was released later that year. She released her fifth album, What's Goin' On Ai in 2006 and her sixth, Don't Stop Ai in 2007.

2008-2010: Viva Ai, Best Ai and The Last Ai 
In March 2009, Ai released her seventh studio album, Viva Ai. Later that year, her first greatest hits album, Best Ai was released. Best Ai became Ai's first number one album on the Japan Oricon Albums chart. In December 2010, she released her eighth album, The Last Ai.
2011-2013: Independent and Moriagaro 
In 2011, Ai left Universal Music Group and signed a global music publishing deal with EMI to release her music worldwide. She signed a record deal with EMI Music Japan . Her first single with the label, "Letter in the Sky" featured The Jacksons and was released in October 2011. It was the groups first single in 22 years. Her second single "Happiness" became one of her best selling singles since "Story". Her ninth album, Independent was released in 2012. In 2013, following the purchase of EMI by Universal, Ai was moved to EMI Records Japan. She released one album under the label, Moriagaro in 2013 before the label was divided into two separate sublabels.
2015-2016: The Best 
In November 2015, Ai released a compilation album, The Best, to celebrate fifteen years in the music industry. It marked her first album release under EMI Records. The compilation album was reissued in mid-2016. A third compilation release of tracks with featured artists titled The Feat. Best was issued in November 2016.

2017: Wa to Yo 
In 2017, Ai teased her eleventh studio album, Wa to Yo. It was released in June 2017. A deluxe version of the album was released in October 2017.
2019-present: Twenty-year anniversary and Dream 
In early 2019, Ai traveled to her hometown, Los Angeles, California, to record new material to celebrate twenty years in the music industry and for the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics. Her fourth compilation album, Kansha!!!!! - Thank You for 20 Years New and Best, was released in November 2019, serving as her first international compilation release. Ai's extended play, It's All Me, Vol. 1 was planned to be released on the start of the 2020 Olympics, but instead was delayed to July after the event was postponed to summer 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The lead single of It's All Me, Vol. 1, "Summer Magic" was her first single to be released internationally in May 2019. Its Japanese version was included in an advertisement for the Amazon Echo.
In February 2021, she released It's All Me, Vol. 2 and a digital compilation extended play, Self Selection Hip Hop. In June 2021, most of her early discography was made available to stream and purchase digitally outside of Asia. Before, only Independent, Wa to Yo and releases after January 2019 were available. Additionally in June, Ai released "The Moment", a single featuring Japanese rapper Yellow Bucks. In August, she released a collaboration single with Daichi Miura titled "In the Middle". In September, EMI issued her second compilation EP, Self Selection "Piano Ballad". In September 2021, Ai announced her next single, "Aldebaran". The song serves as the theme song for the NHK television drama, Come Come Everbody. Upon its release in November, it became her first charting single on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 since her 2017 single, "Kira Kira". The song debuted and peaked at number 37 on the chart
. On the Oricon charts, "Aldebaran" peaked at number 4 on the Daily Digital Singles Chart and number 6 on the weekly Digital Singles Chart. In December 2021, Ai announced her twelfth studio album, Dream would be released in February 2022.
Personal life 
When Ai was three, she moved from Los Angeles to Kagoshima. She had a difficult time learning Japanese and making friends. She was only able to talk to her mother, Barbara, who was born and raised in the United States and only knew English.

After graduating junior high school, Ai and her family moved back to Los Angeles. She was uninterested in enrolling in high school because she wanted to sing. She registered at Glendale High School and struggled to communicate in English. She later auditioned for Los Angeles County High School for Arts. She took ballet while enrolled.

In 2014, Ai became engaged to Hiro, the leader and vocalist of the rock band Kaikigesshoku. The pair had been dating for 10 years, and wed in January 2014. On August 28, 2015, Ai gave birth to her first child, a baby girl. On July 24, 2018, it was revealed Ai was pregnant with her second child. Her second child, a boy, was born on December 29, 2018.
In 2019, Ai revealed her annoyance of when searching her name online, the results only show for artificial intelligence. An outdoor advertisement at Shinjuku Station that was promoting her 2019 single "Summer Magic" included an image of a search engine with the top results displaying images of artificial intelligence, with a photo of Ai herself cut off at the bottom of the image.

Discography

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Extended plays

Compilation extended plays

Singles

Notes

References 

1981 births
Living people
American R&B singers
J-pop singers
Japanese musicians
Musicians from Los Angeles
Japanese singers
Singers from Los Angeles
People from Kagoshima Prefecture
Singer-songwriters from California
American pop singers
American hip hop musicians
American record producers
Pop rappers
Pyaar Ki Dhun is a 2021 romantic musical drama series, produced by 4 Lions Films starring Debmataa Saha, Simmba Nagpal & Sana Sayyed. The show is a spin-off of the 2018 musical saga Kulfi Kumar Bajewala.

Plot
After 18 years, Amyra has become a very successful and rich singer while Kulfi sings behind Amyra's voice. The truth is not known to anyone except these sisters. Eventually, the truth is revealed to a guy named Dhruv who is in love with Kulfi, Kulfi also falls in love with Dhruv but one day, Amyra and Dhruv's car gets into an accident, Amyra also falls in love with Dhruv but Dhruv and Kulfi already love each other and that's why Amyra feels jealous on Kulfi and Dhruv's Relation and add many obstacles as possible in their relations to make Dhruv Qfall for her.

Cast
Simba Nagpal as Dhruv
Debmataa Sahaa as Kulfi
Sana Sayyad as Amyra
The Leopard Man is a 1943 American horror movie directed by Jacques Tourneur and was based on the novel Black Alibi by Cornell Woolrich. It stars Margo, Dennis O'Keefe, Jean Brooks, Isabel Jewell, Abner Biberman and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.

Other websites
 
 

1943 movies
1940s horror movies
American horror movies
American serial killer movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Jacques Tourneur
The Fabulous Texan is a 1947 American western movie directed by Edward Ludwig and starring Wild Bill Elliott, John Carroll, Catherine McLeod, Albert Dekker, Andy Devine, Patricia Knight, Ruth Donnelly, Harry Davenport, Johnny Sands. It was distributed by Republic Pictures.

Other websites
 

1947 movies
1940s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Movies directed by Edward Ludwig
Blackmail is a 1947 American action crime movie directed by Lesley Selander and starring William Marshall, Adele Mara, Ricardo Cortez, Grant Withers, Stephanie Bachelor, Ray Barcroft, Gregory Gaye. It was distributed by Republic Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1940s action movies
1947 crime movies
American action movies
1940s American crime movies
Movies directed by Lesley Selander