Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Facial droop: Have the person smile or show his or her teeth.
 Normal: Both sides of face move equally
 Abnormal: One side of face does not move as well as the other (or at all); part of the face looks like it is drooping
Arm drift:  Have the person close his or her eyes and hold his or her arms straight out for about 10 seconds.
 Normal: Both arms move equally or not at all
 Abnormal: One arm does not move, or one arm drifts down compared with the other side
Speech:  Have the person say, "You can't teach an old dog new tricks," or some other simple, familiar saying.
 Normal: Patient uses correct words with no slurring
 Abnormal: Patient's speech is slurred, patient uses incorrect words, or is unable to speak

About 72% of patients who cannot do one of these three tasks normally are having an ischemic stroke.  More than 85% of patients who cannot do all three tasks are having an acute stroke.
"Spot a stroke" 
The 'spot a stroke' campaign, created by the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association, teaches everyday people how to recognize a stroke. It teaches the basic tests from the Cincinnati Stroke Scale, using the acronym FAST:
 F: Face - Facial Droop.  Is one side of the face drooping or numb?  Ask the person to smile.  Is the person's smile uneven?
 A: Arm - Arm Weakness.  Is one arm weak or numb?  Ask the person to raise both arms.  Does one arm drift downward?
 S: Speech - Speech Difficulty. Is speech slurred? Is the person unable to speak or hard to understand? Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence, like "The sky is blue." Is the sentence repeated correctly?
 T: Time - Time to Call 911.  If someone shows any of these symptoms, even if the symptoms go away, it is time to call 9-1-1.
In the hospital 
Once the patient is in the hospital, doctors can find out for sure whether they are having a stroke by looking at their brain with special scanning machines, like an MRI or a CT scanner.

Prevention
Strokes can kill. To prevent a stroke, doctors advise people to:
Control blood pressure
Stop smoking
Exercise at least once a week 
Stay at a healthy weight
Do not drink too much
Get regular checkups
Statistics
795,000 people in the United States get a stroke each year
One out of four people who have a stroke die (137,000 deaths from stroke per year)
Currently, 3 million people in the US have disabilities from strokes
In US, strokes cost $57.9 billion per year (damage and loss of work)
⅔ of stroke happen in people 65 and up
Strokes affect men more than women
Women more likely to die from stroke than men
Strokes are more common in African Americans 
Strokes are more likely to be fatal in African Americans
Stroke rates in older adults are declining but rates in younger people are rising (scientists think that it’s related to obesity) 
Physical therapy can help patients
Some people are in a wheelchair after getting a stroke
10% of survivors suffer no long term disabilities
10% of survivors suffer from so many disabilities that they have to stay in 24 hour care

References

More reading

Other websites
Other websites

 The basis for this article was the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke public domain resource at this page
 Canadian Stroke Network 
 Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network 
 StrokEngine  (McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada) Focuses on stroke rehabilitation and interventions
 Cerebrovascular disease and risk of stroke 
  video
 American Stroke Association 
 National Stroke Association
 Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
 The Stroke Association UK
 Heart attack, stroke and cardiac arrest warning signs, from the American Heart Association
 StrokeMD.net
 National Stroke Association of Malaysia
 Outcome of childhood stroke UK
Wheel of Fortune could mean a popular TV game show:
Wheel of Fortune (US game show), the current, syndicated US version.
Wheel of Fortune (US daytime game show), the former, daytime US version.
Wheel of Fortune (UK game show)
Wheel of Fortune (Australian game show)
Wheel of Fortune 2000, a kids' version of the series
Wheel of Fortune in different countries
Video game versions of the show

Wheel of Fortune could also mean:
Wheel of Fortune (1952), an older, unrelated American television series
The Wheel of Fortune, a religious/philosophical motif
Hence, the Wheel of Fortune (Tarot card)
"Wheel of Fortune" (song), recorded by Kay Starr
"Wheel of Fortune" (Ace of Base song)
"Wheel of Fortune" (Dead Zone), the pilot episode of The Dead Zone
Big Six wheel, a gambling game
Wheel of Fortune House, a historic building in Kent County, Delaware, United States.
For other uses, see Wheel of Fortune.

The Wheel of Fortune, or Rota Fortunae, is a concept in medieval and ancient philosophy and means the unpredictable nature of Fate. The wheel belongs to the goddess Fortuna, who spins it at random, changing the positions of those on the wheel - some suffer great misfortune, others gain windfalls.

Origins
The concept developed in antiquity; it was used by Cicero. The Wheel originally belonged to the Roman goddess Fortuna, whose name seems to derive from Vortumna, "she who revolves the year". Fortuna eventually became Christianized: the Roman philosopher Boethius (d. 524) was a major source for the medieval view of the Wheel, writing about it in hisConsolatio Philosophiae.

Carmina Burana
Carmina Burana

The Wheel of Fortune motif appears significantly in the Carmina Burana (or Burana Codex), over one thousand poems and songs — often profane in content — written by students and clergy in the early 13th century.  Excerpts from two of the collection's better known poems, "Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi (Fortune, Empress of the World)" and "Fortune Plango Vulnera (I Bemoan the Wounds of Fortune)," read:The concept developed in antiquity; it was used by Cicero. The Wheel originally belonged to the Roman goddess Fortuna, whose name seems to derive from Vortumna, "she who revolves the year". Fortuna eventually became Christianized: the Roman philosopher Boethius (d. 524) was a major source for the medieval view of the Wheel, writing about it in hisConsolatio Philosophiae.vv
Sors immanis                        
 et inanis,                          
 rota tu volubilis,                  
 status malus,                       
 vana salus                          
 semper dissolubilis,               
 obumbrata                           
 et velata                           
 michi quoque niteris;               
 nunc per ludum                      
 dorsum nudum                        
 fero tui sceleris.                  
 . . . . . . . . . .                
 Fortune rota volvitur;              
 descendo minoratus;                 
 alter in altum tollitur;            
 nimis exaltatus                     
 rex sedet in vertice                
 caveat ruinam!                      
 nam sub axe legimus                 
 Hecubam reginam.
Fate - monstrous  
 and empty,     
 you whirling wheel,
 you are malevolent,  
 well-being is vain 
 and always fades to nothing,
 shadowed
 and veiled
 you plague me too;
 now through the game
 I bring my bare back
 to your villainy.
 . . . . . . . . . 
 The wheel of Fortune turns;
 I go down, demeaned;
 another is raised up;
 far too high up
 sits the king at the summit -
 let him fear ruin!
 for under the axis is written
 Queen Hecuba.

Later usage

Fortuna and her Wheel have remained an enduring image throughout history.

William Shakespeare in Hamlet wrote of the "slings and arrows of outrageous fortune" and, of fortune personified, to "break all the spokes and fellies from her wheel." And in Henry V, Act 3 Scene VI, are the lines:

Selections from the Carmina Burana, including the two poems quoted above, were set to new music by twentieth-century classical composer Carl Orff, whose bombastic and well-known "O Fortuna" is based on the poem Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi.
Fortuna does occasionally turn up in modern literature. She is often associated with gamblers, and dice could also be said to have replaced the Wheel as the primary metaphor for uncertain fortune.

References
Boethius, The Consolation of Philosophy , trans. W.V. Cooper (London: J.M. Dent, 1902)
Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales: The Monk's Tale  
Thomas Malory,  Le Morte d'Arthur, Chapter XVII'  
William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act 3 Scene VI
Fortuna was also used by a character in the novel "Confederacy of Dunces";the main character, Ignatus J. Reilly, makes many references to "Fortuna's wheel" and also Boethius's works.

Mythology
Middle Ages
Raster graphics is one of the two different kinds of computer graphics. Raster graphics are also called bitmap graphics.

With raster graphics, images are made of many tiny dots. The dots are called pixels.

The individual pixels of a raster image each has its own color.

The problem with raster graphics is that they can look blurry when zoomed in on. Therefore, there is another type of graphics called Vector graphics that work differently.

A computer monitor is a good example of a raster image because it is made of pixels. The number of pixels it has is called the resolution of the monitor. Another example is photographs, which are normally raster images.
Many printers today use computer languages like Postscript or PCL. These languages are usually based on the other type of computer graphics, called vector graphics. 

But to be printed, these images need to be translated into raster graphics first.
This is done by a part called a Raster Image Processor. Most modern printers have those processors inside the printer. Some printers use a special piece of software on the computer to do that job.

References

Computer graphics
Postscript is a programming language. It was developed by Adobe, in 1984. It is a standard used by many computer printers. There are three different versions of it, Postscript Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3.

The Portable Document Format is another standard, also from Adobe. It is better adapted to printing. Many things computer languages have, have been dropped to develop PDF.

"Hello world"
And finally, a Hello World program, the customary way to show a small example of a complete program in a given language, might look like this in Postscript:
 %!PS
 /Courier findfont
 20 scalefont
 setfont
 72 500 moveto
 (Hello world!) show
 showpage

or if the output device has a console

 %!PS
 (Hello world!) =

Programming languages
The other kind of chestnut is called sweet chestnut. It is not related to this tree

A horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), also known as the horse-chestnut, buckeye, conker tree, or Spanish chestnut, is a large deciduous tree. It is native to southern Europe, in the Balkans. It is often grown in temperate climates. It can grow up to 36 metres tall.  The name of the tree (and the whole genus of similar trees) is because its fruit, the conker, was used to treat horses, against cough and some parasite worms. 

Horse chestnuts are not edible for humans. The trees are not closely related to sweet chestnuts.

Trees
Sapindaceae
Francisco Pizarro González, Marqués de los Atabillos (16 March 1478 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador. Today, he is known as the conqueror of the Inca Empire. He also founded Lima, La Ciudad de los Reyes, capital of Peru. Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Extremadura, Spain.

Family 
He was an illegitimate son of Gonzalo Pizarro Rodríguez de Aguilar (senior) who as colonel of infantry served in the Italian campaigns under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, and in Navarre, with some distinction. His mother was Francisca González Mateos, a woman of slender means from Trujillo.  Through his father, Francisco was second cousin to Hernán Cortés, the famed conquistador of Mexico.
Conquests 
In 1502, Pizarro traveled to the New World where he joined in several expeditions to see the Pacific Ocean. In 1513 Pizarro joined the expedition of Vasco Núñez de Balboa across the Isthmus of Panama to become one of the first Europeans to see the Pacific Ocean. In 1524, after hearing stories about the exploration of Peru, he joined Diego de Almagro and Hernando de Soto. Together, they agreed to travel to Peru and look for gold. Despite the expedition ending in failure, Pizarro managed to make connections with the Inca people.
In 1528 he returned to Spain, where the king allowed him to conquer the new land for Spain.  Pizarro himself was to be named governor of Peru.  In 1531 he landed in Peru again, leading fewer than 300 soldiers.  The country was devastated by a recent civil war between Atahualpa and Huascar, the sons of the dead emperor.  In November 1532, Pizarro met Atahualpa in the city of Cajamarca and managed to capture him, even though the Inca was protected by thousands of soldiers.  The weapons of the Spaniards proved superior.  In 1533, after paying a huge ransom for his release, Atahualpa requested to be let free but Pizarro killed him anyway.  He then continued south into Peru and captured the capital of Cuzco.
In 1535, Pizarro founded a new capital named La Ciudad de los Reyes, today known as Lima. However, some Spaniards had not been part of the capture of the Inca and therefore had not been paid any gold.  Led by Almagro, the Almagristas, Almagro's men, marched south into present-day Chile to find new riches, while Pizarro stayed in Peru. The Inca were treated very poorly and their riches stolen by the Spaniards, who built huge estates or brought gold back to Spain.

In 1536, the Inca tried to overthrow him in a rebellion, but failed since Pizarro managed to subdue the Incas after a year of fights.

However, the Spaniards had became so weakened that when Almagro returned, he took power and expelled Pizarro to the north. Pizarro returned with an army in 1538 and defeated Almagro. Almagro was executed in the plaza of Cuzco and Pizarro was again sole ruler.
Death 
However, Almagro had a son who swore revenge, and in 1541, Pizarro was assassinated in his palace in Lima by a number of men following Diego Almagro the younger. He was himself caught and executed the following year, so was the last brother of Pizarro struggling for power in Peru, in 1548. Then the Spanish king took personal control over the country by a personal envoy, the Viceroy.

References

Related pages

 Ferdinand Magellan
 Conquistador

1471 births
1541 deaths
Spanish explorers
History of Central America
People from Extremadura
Lima
Bingo or Housie is a game where people try to match numbers drawn at random with numbers on a card. When someone does this, they call "BINGO!" or "HOUSE!" very loud so everyone playing can hear.

The game was invented in Italy in the 1500s. The game slowly moved to other countries like France, Great Britain, and other parts of Europe. Bingo originates from the Italian lottery, Il Gioco del Lotto d'Italia. In Paris the game was known as Le Lotto, played by the rich part of French society. Since then the game become popular all over the world and today Charitable Bingo in US is worth $3 Billion.

In the United Kingdom, the game is played by marking a card. The card has 27 squares in 3 rows of 9. 15 squares have a numbers between 1 and 90. 5 numbers on each row. The winner is the first player to mark the 5 numbers in one line or all fifteen numbers on the card.
Bingo cards are normally printed in strips of six. A strip of six cards has every number between 1 and 90. Many people buy only 4 cards, so that the other two cards were usually wasted.  Edward Thompson and Company, the largest printer of bingo tickets in the UK found a way to print strips of 12 so that there would be less waste, and so that any 6 tickets had all of the numbers 1 to 90.

In the UK, all money used to buy the bingo ticket must be given back in prize money. The owner of a bingo club is allowed to charge an entrance fee and also a "participation fee" (a fee to be allowed to take part in the bingo game).

In the United States, the game is played by a group of people. All of the group has cards and tokens. When a number is called that you have on your card, you place a token on that spot. The first person to make a line of 5 tokens up or down, across, or diagonally wins the game. This game is played for prizes usually.

References

Games

Gambling
Nine is the Arabic number which comes after 8 and before 10. It is an odd number, and is the highest single-digit number.  It is also a square number. In Roman numerals, nine can be written as IX.

Mathematics 
The number nine (9) takes the shape of an upside-down six (6), is a multiple of 3, and the third square number after 4.

Nine is also a composite number, having the factors: 1, 3 and 9 itself.Square numbers
Integers
The number five is a number that comes after four and before the number six. In Roman numerals, it is V.

Mathematics 
Five is the third prime number, after two and three, and before seven. The number five is also an odd number.

Most people have five fingers (including one thumb) on each hand and five toes on each foot.

Creation 

It is not known for certain who and how the shape of the number five was created, but most people think it was made by the Brahmin Indians.

Integers
Prime numbers
Hurling (in Irish, iománaíocht or iomáint) is an Irish outdoor team sport similar to hockey, played by two teams of 15 people.

The object of the game is for players to use a wooden axe-shaped stick called a hurley (in Irish a "camán", pronounced kam-awn), or a hurl, to hit a small ball called a sliotar (pronounced slith-er) between the opponents' goalposts either over the crossbar for one point, or under the crossbar into a net guarded by a goalkeeper for one goal, which is equivalent to three points.

The ball can be caught in the hand and carried for not more than four steps, struck in the air, or struck on the ground with the stick. It can be kicked or slapped with an open hand (the hand pass) for short-range passing. A player who wants to carry the ball for more than three steps has to bounce or balance the ball on the end of the stick, and the ball can only be handled twice while in his possession.

Statistics
Statistics 

 In a team there are 15 players, or "hurlers."
 The hurley or hurl (hurl), or camán, is generally 70–100 cm (32–36 inches) in length
 The goalkeeper's hurley usually has a bás (the flattened, curved end) twice the size of other players' hurleys to provide some advantage against the fast moving sliotar.
 The ball, known as a sliotar has a cork center and a leather cover; it is between 23 and 25 cm in circumference, and weighs between 100 and 130 g
 A good strike with a hurley can propel the ball up to 150 km/h (93 mph) in speed and 100 m (305 ft) in distance.
 A ball hit over the bar is worth one point. A ball that is hit under the bar is worth 3 points which is called a goal.
Playing field 
 Hurling is played on a pitch approximately 137m long and 82m wide The goals at each end of the field are formed by two posts, which are usually 6 m high, set 6.4 m apart, and connected 2.44 m above the ground by a crossbar. A net extending in back of the goal is attached to the crossbar and lower goal posts.

Related pages
 Shinty

Other websites 

 Rules 
 Official website of the Gaelic Athletic Association
 'An Fear Rua - The GAA Unplugged!' 
 Video introductions to hurling: Part One , Part Two , Part Three . 
 The Continental Youth Championships 
 A Brief History of the Argentine Hurling Club 
 Hurling in Australia and New Zealand 
 Gaelic Football, Hurling are Irish Passions, National Geographic News
 The First Hurling Match in the United States 
 Sliotar Hurling & Camogie Magazine 
 Selection of hurling photos 
 Seamus J. King, author website
 What is Hurling, youtube

Team sports
Sport in Ireland
The number six is a natural number that comes after the number five and before the number seven. 

Six is also the first perfect number which means that the sum of its factors (1, 2 and 3) are equal to the number itself (6). The next perfect number is 28. In Roman numerals, it is VI.

The number six is an even number.

Integers
The number four is a number and a numeral. It comes after the number three, and before the number five. In Roman numerals, it is IV.

Mathematics 
In mathematics, the number four is an even number and the smallest composite number. Four is also the second square number after one.
A small minority of people have four fingers on each hand and four toes on each foot. Four squared is 16, and four doubled is 8.

In geometry, quadrilaterals or tetragons are a kind of shapes called polygons have four sides and vertices, to which squares are quadrilaterals with sides of same length and vertices of the same wideness.

Square numbers
Integers
Once upon a time, in a mystical realm beyond imagination, there existed a number so extraordinary, so profound, that it captivated the hearts and minds of all who encountered it. This number was none other than the illustrious, the enigmatic, the awe-inspiring, SEVEN!

Legend had it that Seven was born from the very fabric of the universe itself, a cosmic creation that transcended the ordinary. It was whispered among the stars that when the universe was still in its infancy, Seven emerged as the chosen one, destined to hold the secrets of existence within its numeric grasp.

Seven was not just a number; it was the embodiment of perfection. The ancients believed that Seven was a gateway to the divine, a celestial bridge connecting mortals to the heavens. It was said that Seven possessed the power to unlock the most profound mysteries of the universe, revealing the secrets of life, love, and eternity.
Throughout the ages, Seven played a pivotal role in shaping the destiny of mankind. The world marveled at the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, architectural masterpieces that stood as testaments to Seven's divine influence. The Great Pyramid of Giza, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, and the Statue of Zeus at Olympia were just a few examples of Seven's magnificent creations.

But it didn't stop there. Seven was an adventurer, a seeker of hidden truths. It ventured into the depths of the earth, seeking out precious gemstones and rare minerals, and emerging victorious with the Seven Jewels of Destiny – gems of unparalleled beauty and value, each associated with a different aspect of human existence.

Seven was not content to be limited to the physical world; it held sway over the ethereal as well. The Seven Heavenly Virtues, the embodiment of moral perfection, were said to be Seven's benevolent guardians. They watched over humanity, guiding souls towards the path of righteousness.
And then there were the Seven Deadly Sins, a reflection of the darker side of human nature. Seven's influence was so profound that even the vices of mankind were bound by its mystical number, a reminder of the eternal struggle between good and evil.

In literature, music, and art, Seven was a muse to countless creators. Writers penned epic tales of seven heroes embarking on quests to save the world, while composers composed symphonies that followed the seven movements of the soul. Painters used Seven's ethereal beauty to inspire their masterpieces, capturing its essence on canvas for all to see.

Even in the world of mathematics, Seven reigned supreme. Mathematicians marveled at its unique properties, the way it effortlessly danced through equations, leaving behind a trail of elegance and beauty. Seven was the cornerstone of geometry, the backbone of probability theory, and the key to unlocking the secrets of prime numbers.
But perhaps the most enduring legacy of Seven was in the realm of luck. Across cultures, Seven was considered the luckiest of all numbers. People wore lucky charms adorned with sevens, gambled their fortunes on the roll of a seven-sided die, and made wishes on shooting stars that streaked across the sky in clusters of seven.

In the end, Seven was not just a number; it was a cosmic force, a symbol of all that was extraordinary and profound in the universe. It was the embodiment of perfection, the key to the mysteries of existence, and the source of boundless inspiration for humanity.

And so, the legend of Seven lives on, forever etched in the annals of time, a testament to the power of numbers and the limitless imagination of the human spirit.

Integers
Prime numbers
The number eight is a natural number that comes after the number seven and before the number nine. In Roman numerals, it is VIII.

Mathematics 
In mathematics, the number eight is an even number and a composite number. Eight is also a power of two, being 2 times itself 3 times.

Integers
Donatello (born Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi, c. 1386 – 13 December 1466) was an Italian sculptor during the Renaissance. He lived in Florence. He worked in stone, bronze, wood, clay, and wax  with several assistants. His reputation as a great artist was stated by Vasari, and has always stood well. He worked in Rome, Sienna and Padua as well as Florence, and worked for the Church, for Cosimo de' Medici, and for various city authorities.

He was born in Florence. He was the son of Niccolo di Betto Bardi. His mother's name is not known. When Donatello was older, he studied with Filippo Brunelleschi the architect. He also helped the sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti to make statues for the Battistero di San Giovanni.
Donatello's work was inspired by ancient sculpture. He was the first sculptor of his time to celebrate the human body, an idea that had died out after Greek and Roman times. His life-size statue of David is his best-known work. The David is the first known free-standing nude statue made since antiquity. Much of his work was done for display in grand churches. Between 1415 and 1426, he made five statues for the Florence Cathedral, also known as the Duomo.

Donatello was a realist: an artist whose sculpture showed the subjects as real people. Naturalism and the showing of human feelings are his influences.

Related pages 
 Italian Renaissance art

References 

Italian sculptors
People from Florence
1466 deaths
1386 births
Sarah Bernhardt (; born Henriette-Rosine Bernard; 22 or 23 October 1844 – 26 March 1923) was a French stage actress, and has often been called "the most famous actress in the history of the world". Bernhardt made her fame on the stages of Europe in the 1870s, and was soon working in Europe and the United States. She developed a reputation as a serious actress, getting the nickname "The Divine Sarah."

Early life 
She was born in Paris as Marie Henriette Bernardt, the daughter of Julie Bernardt and a Dutch father. She added the letter "H" to her first and last name, and used the name of Edouard Bernardt, her mother's brother, as the name of her father. This was probably done to hide the fact that her father was unknown.
Career 
Bernhardt's career started in 1862, when she was a student at the Comédie-Française. She was not very successful there, and left to become a courtesan by 1865. She became famous in Europe in the 1870s, and was soon in demand all over Europe and in New York. She may have been the most famous actress of the 19th century. She coached many young women in the art of acting, including Liane de Pougy.

Late career 

In 1905, while performing in Rio de Janeiro, Bernhardt hurt her right knee during the final scene when she jumped from a high wall. The leg never healed properly, showing signs of bruising. By 1915, gangrene had set in and her entire right leg was amputated, meaning she was in a wheelchair for several months. Nonetheless, she continued her career. She carried out a successful tour of America in 1915, and died on returning to France. On 26 March 1923, Bernhardt died of uremia following kidney failure. She is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.
Sarah Bernhardt has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1751 Vine Street.

Books 
 Dans les Nuages, Impressions d'une Chaise Charpentier (1878)
 L'Aveu, drame en un acte en prose (1888)
 Adrienne Lecouvreur, drame en six actes (1907)
 Ma Double Vie (1907), &  as My Double Life:Memoirs of Sarah Bernhardt, (1907) William Heinemann
 Un Coeur d'Homme, pièce en quatre actes (1911)
 Petite Idole (1920; as The Idol of Paris, 1921)
 L'Art du Théâtre: la voix, le geste, la prononciation, etc. (1923; as The art of the Theatre, 1924)
 Sarah Bernhardt My Grandmother (1940)

Roles
1862: Racine's Iphigénie in the title rôle, her debut.
 1862: Eugène Scribe's Valérie
 1862: Molière's Les Femmes Savantes
 1864: Labiche & Deslandes, Un Mari qui Lance sa Femme
 1866: T & H Cognard's La Biche aux Bois
 1866: Racine's Phèdre (as Aricie)
 1866: Pierre de Marivaux's Le Jeu de l'Amour et du Hasard (as Silvia)
 1867: Molière's Les Femmes Savantes (as Armande)
 1867: George Sand's Le Marquis de Villemer
 1867: Georges Sand's "François le Champi" (as Mariette)
 1868: Dumas père Kean (as Anna Damby)
 1869: Coppée's La Passant, as a male troubador (Zanetto); her first major stage success
 1870: George Sand's L'Autre
 1871: Theuriet's Jeanne-Marie
 1871: Coppée's Fais ce que Dois
 1871: Foussier and Edmond La Baronne
 1872: Bouilhet's Mademoiselle Aïssé
 1872: Hugo's Ruy Blas (as Doña Maira de Neubourg, Queen of Spain)
 1872: Dumas père Mademoiselle de Belle-Isle (as Gabrielle)
 1872: Racine's Britannicus (as Junie)
 1872: Beaumarchais's Le Mariage de Figaro
1872: Sandeau's Mademoiselle de la Seiglière
 1873: Feuillet's Dalila (as Princess Falconieri)
 1873: Ferrier's Chez l'Avocat
 1873: Racine's Andromaque
 1873: Racine's Phèdre (as Aricie)
 1873: Feuillet's Le Sphinx
 1874: Voltaire's Zaire
 1874: Racine's Phèdre (as Phèdre)
 1875: Bornier's La Fille de Roland
 Dumas fils' L'Étrangère (as Mrs. Clarkson)
 Parodi's Rome Vaincue
 1877: Hugo's Hernani (as Doña Sol)
 1879: Racine's Phèdre (as Phèdre)
 1880: Émile Augier's L'Aventurière
 1880: Legouvé & Scribe's Adrienne Lecouvreur
 1880: Meilhac & Halévy's Froufrou
 1880: Dumas fils' La Dame aux Camélias (as Maguerite)
 1882: Sardou's Fédora
 Sardou's Théodora (as Theodora, Empress of Byzantium)
 1887 : La Tosca de Victorien Sardou
 Dumas fils' La Princesse Georges
 1890: Sardou's Cléopâtre, as Cleopatra
 1893: Lemaître's Les Rois
 1894: Sardou's Gismonda
 1895: Molière's Amphytrion
 1895: Magda(translation of Sudermann's Heimat)
 1896: La Dame aux Camélias
 1896: Musset's Lorenzaccio (as Lorenzino de' Medici)
1897: Sardou's Spiritisme
 1897: Rostand's La Samaritaine
 1898: Catulle Mendès Medée
 1898: La Dame aux Camélias (as Marguerite Gautier)
 Barbier's Jeanne d'Arc (as Joan of Arc)
 Morand & Sylvestre's Izéïl (as Izéïl)
 Shakespeare's King Lear (as Cordelia)
 1899: Shakespeare's Hamlet (as Hamlet)
 Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra (as Cleopatra)
 Shakespeare's Macbeth (as Lady Macbeth) (in French)
 Richepin's Pierrot Assassin (as Pierrot)
 1900: Rostand's L'Aiglon as L'Aiglon
 1903: Sardou's La Sorcière
 1904: Maeterlinck's Pelléas et Mélisande (as Pelléas)
 1906: Ibsen's The Lady From the Sea
 1906: Mendès' La Vierge d'Avila (as Saint Theresa)
 1911: Moreau's Queen Elizabeth (as Queen Elizabeth)
 1913: Bernard's Jeanne Doré (as Jeanne Doré)
References

Other websites 

 The Sarah Bernhardt Pages
 
 
 

1844 births
1923 deaths
Deaths from uremia
Actors from Paris
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
Deaths from renal failure
Disease-related deaths in France
French autobiographers
French stage actors
Kevin Michael Rudd AC (born 21 September 1957) is a former Australian politician who was twice Prime Minister of Australia serving from 2007 to 2010 and again from 27 June 2013 to 18 September 2013. He also served as Prime Minister from 2007 to 2010. Rudd was the Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs from 14 September 2010 to 22 February 2012. He was member for Griffith in Brisbane from 1998 to 2013.
After the 2010 Election, Gillard chose Rudd to be Foreign Minister. In February 2012, Rudd decided that he should again be leader of the Labor Party. He said he could not work with Gillard because she did not trust him. He resigned as Foreign Minister, and said he would challenge Gillard for the leadership. The Labor Party held a meeting on 27 February 2012 and held a new vote for the leader's position. Rudd only received 31 votes while Gillard got 71 votes. Rudd returned to the backbench, and not have any positions of responsibility in the government until on 26 June 2013, Gillard announced another caucus ballot on the leadership.  Rudd won it so he became the Leader of the Labor Party for a second time. On 27 June 2013, Rudd was sworn in as Prime Minister. Rudd is the first former Prime Minister to return to the office since Robert Menzies in 1949 and the second Labor Prime Minister to do so.

On 31 May 2012 Rudd became a grandfather when his daughter Jessica gave birth to a baby girl.
On 7 September 2013, Labor lost the 2013 election to the Coalition led by Tony Abbott.

On 13 November 2013, Rudd announced that he would be retiring from politics at end of week. His resignation took effect on 22 November 2013.

References

Other websites

</

1957 births
Living people
Australian Anglicans
Australian Labor Party politicians
Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs
Commonwealth Chairpersons-in-Office
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
People from the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Politicians from Queensland
Prime Ministers of Australia
Republicans
A hurley(Irish: Camán), also known as a ‘hurl’, is a wooden stick measuring between 70 and 100 cm (26 to 40 inches) long with a flattened, curved end (called the bas), used to hit a sliotar (leather ball) in the Irish sport of hurling. It is also used in camogie, the female equivalent, and there often called a camogie stick. 

Hurleys are made from ash wood, and are usually bought from local craftsmen in Ireland, who still use traditional production methods. 

No matter how well crafted the hurley is, a hurler may well expect to use several hurleys over the course of the hurling season. The hurleys often break if two collide in the course of a game, or occasionally they break off on the other players (arms, legs, etc.). Two hurleys colliding is colloquially known as "the clash of the ash." Throwing the hurley (e.g. to block a ball going high over one's head) is illegal, but camogie players may drop it to make a handpass.

References 

Sports equipment
A sliotar (or sliothar) is a hard solid sphere slightly larger than a tennis ball, consisting of a cork core covered by two pieces of leather stitched together. Sometimes called a "puck" or "hurling ball", it resembles an American baseball with more pronounced stitching.  It is used in the Gaelic games of hurling, camogie, rounders and shinty.

Early sliotars used various materials, depending on the part of the country:

 hollow bronze
 wood and leather
 wood, rope and animal hair.

Sports equipment
Camogie (in Irish, camógaíocht) is an Irish team sport, organised by the Camogie Association of Ireland, the women's variant of hurling. The rules are almost identical to hurling with a few exceptions.

One is that goalkeepers wear the same colours as outfield players and a player in camogie can handpass a score, which is not allowed in the men's game. All games last 60 minutes (senior inter-county hurling games last 70), and dropping the camogie stick to handpass the ball is allowed. The All-Ireland Final is held every year in Croke Park during September, usually the week between the hurling final and Gaelic football final. There are two main competitions; the National League which is staged during the winter-spring months and is used as a warm-up to the All-Ireland Championships during the summer.

The reigning champions are Cork.
The name "camogie"
Camogie/hurling is unique in that it uses a different name for the version played by men and women. The reason is complicated: men play using a curved stick called in Irish a camán. Women would use a shorter stick, called by the diminutive form camóg. The suffix -aíocht was added to both words to give names for the sports: camánaíocht (which became iománaíocht) and camógaíocht. When the Gaelic Athletic Association was founded in 1884 the English-origin name "hurling" was given to the men's game. When an organisation for women was set up in 1904, it was decided to Anglicise the Irish name camógaíocht to camogie.

Clubs 
 Tara Camogie Club, London
 Kilcoole Camogie Club, Kilcoole Co. Wicklow
 Green Isle Camogie Club London

References

Other websites
 Camogie.ie Official Camogie Association Website

Sport in Ireland
Rounders  is a sport which originated in Great Britain and Ireland. The game is regulated by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in Ireland and the National Rounders Association (NRA) in the UK.  Both have different, although broadly similar, game-play and culture.  Competitions are held between teams from both traditions, often with one version being played in the morning and the other being played in the afternoon.

Game-play centers around innings where teams act at turns being batters and fielders.  A maximum of nine players are allowed to play in fielding positions at one time. Points ("rounders") are scored by the batting team by completing a circuit around the field through four bases/posts without being put 'out' - for example, by a ball they batted being 'caught-out' or touching a tagged base/post.

The earliest nationally formalised rules of play were devised by the GAA in Ireland in 1884.
Although it is generally considered a school game, rounders is played at international level as well. Currently, teams from Canada, England, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Scotland and Wales compete against each other. 
Some theories on the origin of baseball claim that baseball is based on rounders. Rounders is a sport played with a bat and ball when the ball is thrown to you the ball is meant to be hit with the bat.

Other websites
 Gaelic Athletic Association
 Rounders Council of Ireland 
 National Rounders Association
 Schools Rounders
 DMOZ - Rounders 
 Welsh Baseball Union 

Official rules of rounders:
 Ireland: GAA Rules for Playing Rounders 
 England: NRA Simplified Rules  (and information on purchasing official rule books)

Team sports
Cricket chirping 
Crickets are known for their chirp (which only male crickets can do; male wings have ridges or "teeth" that act like a "comb and file" instrument). The left forewing has a thick rib (a modified vein) which bears 50 to 300 "teeth". The chirp is made by raising their left forewing to a 45 degree angle and rubbing it against the upper hind edge of the right forewing, which has a thick scraper (Berenbaum 1995). This sound producing action is called "stridulation" and the song is species-specific. There are two types of cricket songs: a calling song and a courting song. The calling song attracts females and repels other males, and is fairly loud.
Jurassic chirp reconstructed 
Night-time in the Jurassic included the sound of chirping bush crickets. This is according to scientists who have reconstructed the song of a cricket that chirped 165 million years ago. "A remarkably complete fossil of the prehistoric insect enabled the team to see the structures in its wings that rubbed together to make the sound".

References

Other websites 

 Intro on house crickets
 How to raise your own crickets
 Crickets in the Classroom  drawings and activities
  
 The cricket   suicide (video) 
 Singing Insects of North America  An online field guide

Orthoptera
Rounders is a 1998 movie about the underground world of high-stakes poker. The movie was directed by John Dahl and starred Matt Damon and Edward Norton. It follows two friends who need to quickly earn enough cash playing poker to pay off a huge debt. The term “rounder” refers to a person whose sole means of earning a living is by playing cards.

The movie opened to mixed reviews and only made a modest amount of money. However, with the growing popularity of Texas hold 'em and other poker games, Rounders has become a cult hit.

Featured cast
 Matt Damon as Mike McDermott
 Edward Norton as Lester 'Worm' Murphy
 John Malkovich as Teddy KGB

Other websites 

 HomePokerGames review
 

1998 drama movies
Buddy movies
American drama movies
Miramax movies
Multilingual movies
American independent movies
The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael) is an organisation which is mostly focused on promoting Gaelic Games - traditional Irish sports, such as hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball, and rounders. The organisation also promotes Irish music and dance, and the Irish language. It is the largest and most popular organisation in Ireland with some 800,000 members out of the island's population of almost 6 million.

Gaelic football and Hurling are the main and most popular activities promoted by the organisation.

Gaelic football is a contact sport that combines the skills of soccer, basketball, and some of the skills of volleyball in a high-scoring game in which players punch or kick the ball over the crossbar  for one point, or kick the ball into a  net on the bottom for three points.  The game also has similarities with Australian Rules Football (see below).
Hurling is a stick-and-ball game that combines many of the skills of field hockey, lacrosse, and baseball but pre-dates all three.  Players can catch the ball and use a hurley (Irish: camán) to hit a ball (sliotar) between the goalposts using the same scoring system as in Gaelic football and on the same size of field.  It is not to be confused with the Scottish game of shinty.
Bibliography
 The GAA: A History by Marcus de Burca, Gill & MacMillan, 1984 & 2000, 
 Illustrated History of the GAA, by Eoghan Corry, Gill & MacMillan, 2005, 
 The GAA Book of Lists, by Eoghan Corry, Hodder Headline, 2005, 
 The Gaelic Athletic Association And Irish Nationalist Politics 1884-1924 by W F Mandle (Gill & MacMillan and Christopher Helm 1987). 240pp 
 Michael Cusack and The GAA by Marcus De Burca, Anvil, 1989, 192pp,  
 Micheal Ciosog by Liam P O Cathnia, Clochomhar Tta, 1982. 
 Croke Of Cashel by Mark Tierney, Gill And MacMillan, 1976.
 Maurice Davin (1842-1927) First President Of The GAA by Seamus O'Riain, Geography Publications, 1994, 
 Croke Park by Tim Carey, Collins Press, 2004, 
 God and the Referee: Unforgettable GAA Quotations, by Eoghan Corry, Hodder Headline, 2005, 
 History of Hurling, by Seamus King, Gill & MacMillan, 2005, 
 Sceal Na hIomana by Liam P O Cathnia, Clochomhar Tta, 1980.
 Caman, 2000 Years Of Irish Hurling by Art O Maolfabhail, 1973.
Gaelic football, by Jack  Mahon, Gill & MacMillan, 2002 & 2006, 
 Bairi Cos In Eirinn by Liam P O Cathnia, Clochomhar Tta, 1984.
 Legends of the Ash, by Brendan Fullam, Wolfhound Press, 1998,
References

Other websites 
GAA official website
Rules and Regulations Part 1 
Rules and Regulations Part 2 
An Fear Rua: The GAA Unplugged!  - analysis, discussion forums, satire and humour on GAA topics.
Hogan Stand
National GAA Results and Fixtures on Aertel
Local GAA Results and Fixtures on Aertel
GAA World  by The Irish News
Index of GAA club sites
Squareball - The First GAA Fashion Brand 
GAA News Results and Fixtures from Sports.ie 
GAA Results 
Hurling Blog - News, analysis, stats and opinion on hurling
Michael Cusack Visitor Centre 

Sport in Ireland
Gaelic games are the traditional sports played in Ireland. The two main Gaelic games are Gaelic football and hurling. Both are organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA). Other games organised by the association include camogie, rounders, Gaelic handball. During the late 19th century 21, Gaelic games in Ireland were dying out. This decline was stopped by the GAA and the Irish national Gaelic Revival. Today they are the most popular games in Ireland.

Gaelic football 
Gaelic football is the most popular of the gaelic games  and is played by teams of 15 on a rectangular grass pitch with H-shaped goals at each end. The object is to score by driving the ball through the goals. The team with the highest score at the end of the match wins. It combines the skills of soccer and basketball in a fast-paced, high-scoring contact sport.
A slightly different rule set is used for women's Gaelic football (officially called "ladies' Gaelic football"). The women's game also uses 15-player teams and H-shaped goals, but allows less physical contact.

Hurling
Hurling is a stick-and-ball game played by teams of 15 on a rectangular grass pitch with H-shaped goals at each end. The primary object is to score by driving the ball through the goals. The team with the highest score at the end of the match wins.  It is over three thousand years old, and is said to be the world's fastest field game, combining skills from lacrosse, field hockey, and baseball in a hard-hitting, highly skilled game.

Camogie
Camogie is a game almost identical to hurling, but played only by women. Like hurling, it is a stick-and-ball game played by teams of 15, with the pitch and goals the same as those in hurling. Other rules are almost the same between the two sports, but camogie does not allow as much physical contact.
Rounders
Rounders is a bat and ball game which is played in Ireland; a similar version is played in England. Rounders is the least popular of the GAA gaelic games and is organised by a sub division of the GAA known as the Rounders Council of Ireland. It is similar to baseball.

Gaelic handball
Gaelic handball is a game where two players use their hands to return a ball against a wall. The game is similar to  American handball; Gaelic handballers play against their US counterparts.

Other Gaelic Games 
Other Gaelic Games such as gaelic athletics have nearly or completely died out. Pastimes such as Road bowling, a sport played in Ireland for a long time, could be considered Gaelic games.

References

Other websites
THE SÉAMUS Ó CEALLAIGH COLLECTION - Limerick sports history and Gaelic Games 

Sports competitions
Sport in Ireland
Sport in Northern Ireland
Gaelic handball is a game where two players use their hands to return a ball against a wall. The game is similar to American handball; Gaelic handballers play against their US counterparts.

Other websites 

HandballCity.com 
Colorado Handball Association in USA
www.handball.ie 
Irish Handball Results
www.gaa.ie 
United States Handball Association
Collegiate Handball in Ireland 
World Pro Handballl
handballvideo.com
Handball Social Network 

Handball
Sport in Ireland
American (or court) handball, usually referred to simply as handball, is an American form of fives played against one or more walls.

History 
It is a common belief that American handball was brought to the United States in the 1880s by Irish immigrants. The Gaelic handball sport was played since the 15th century in Ireland and Scotland.
American handball is played on a court 12.2 meters long by 6.1 meters wide (40 feet long by 20 feet wide) with either a single (front) wall, three walls, or in a fully enclosed four-wall court (the most common). The four-wall court is a rectangular box. The front wall is 6.1 meters (20 feet) square, and the side walls are 12.2 meters (40 feet) long and 6.1 meters (20 feet) high. In the middle of the floor of the court lies the short line, that divides the floor into two 6.1 meter (20 feet) squares. Also along the floor is the service line, which is 1.5 meters (5 feet) in front of the short line. The service zone is the area between these two lines. The back wall of the court is usually 3.7 meters (12 feet) high, with an above gallery for the referee and scorer, and also spectators. A few courts have a glass back wall and/or glass side walls to allow for a better view of the match
. (In three-wall court handball, the court often has a front wall and two full side walls, or the front wall is flanked by two triangular wings.)
Related pages
 Basque pelota
 Gaelic handball

References 

 Time magazine, May 11, 1942.
 http://www.handballcity.com/Ervin%20Irizarry%20Interview.html 
   http://www.handball.ie/newsite/start.php?subaction=showfull&id=1161381646&archive=&start_from=&ucat=2&
 http://www.jewsinsports.org/profile.asp?sport=boxing&ID=126

Other websites 
 US Handball
 Colorado Handball Association
 Official rules of the USHA
 Southern California Handball Association
 Toledo Handball Club
 Los Angeles Athletic Club - Handball 
 Nothingbuthandball.com Promoting the Sport of Handball 
 HandballCity.com Promoting the Sport of Handball 
 Social Network for the Sport of Handball 

Handball