Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
References

Other websites 

 Anatomy of a thunderstorm 
 Electronic Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology
 Social & Economic Costs of Thunderstorms & High Winds  NOAA Economics
 Thunderstorm photography in Germany 

Severe weather
Precipitation
North Charleston, South Carolina is a suburb in the metropolitan area of Charleston. The area is extremely historical. The region has suffered hits from many severe hurricanes.

Other websites
City of North Charleston official website

Cities in South Carolina
The 2012 Atlantic hurricane season was an above average season in terms of ACE and damage but most storms were week and short lived. It was theevent that occurs when tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The season began when Tropical Storm Alberto formed on May 19, 2012. Four days later, Tropical Storm Beryl developed. It became a subtropical storm and on May 27, was upgraded to a tropical storm. This is the first time since the 1908 Atlantic hurricane season that two storms formed before the official start date. The 2012 Atlantic hurricane season began on June 1 and ended on November 30, 2012. There were no storms formed in the month of July.

Storms

Tropical Storm Alberto 
Tropical Storm Alberto formed on May 19, 2012. It became an "early season storm" because it formed before the official start of the season. Tropical Storm Alberto dissipated on May 22 without making landfall. Its maximun sustatined winds were at 60 miles per hour.
Tropical Storm Beryl  
Tropical Storm Beryl developed. It became a subtropical storm and on May 27, was upgraded to a tropical storm. It hit Jacksonville, Florida.

Hurricane Chris 
Hurricane Chris was the third tropical system. It formed on June 19. It was also the first hurricane of the season, unexpectedly becoming one. It was in an unfavorable environment, with cool sea waters and moderate vertical wind shear. Chris, after weakening from a hurricane, became a non-tropical cyclone southeast of Newfoundland on June 22.

Tropical Storm Debby 
This system became the record earliest 4th storm, which was broken in 2012. The storm made landfall in Florida, and caused bad flooding. Ten people died.

Timeline of events
Timeline of events

Storm names
The following names were used for named storms in the North Atlantic in 2012. The names not retired from this list was used again in the 2018 season. This is the same list used in the 2006 season. The names Kirk, Oscar, Patty, Rafael, Sandy, and Tony were used for Atlantic storms for the first time in 2012. Kirk replaced Keith after 2000, but was not used in 2006.

Retirement
On April 11, 2013 the name "Sandy" was retired due to the damage and deaths it caused. Sandy was replaced with "Sara" for the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, Sara wasn't used in 2018.

References

Other websites 
 Hydrometeorological Prediction Center's rainfall page for tropical cyclones in 2012 
 National Hurricane Center's Atlantic Tropical Weather Outlook

2012 Atlantic hurricane season
Poutine is a dish from Quebec, Canada that has French fries and cheese curds, covered with brown gravy or sauce. Sometimes more ingredients are added.

It is a fast food dish originally from Quebec sold by many national and international fast food chains like McDonald's, A&W, KFC and Burger King.

References 

Fast food
Canadian food
Cheese dishes
Bobby Pulido better known as Bobby (born April 25, 1971) is an American Tejano singer. He has released many albums. Pulido has won awards such as "Album of the Year" and "Song of the Year" at the Tejano Music Awards. In 2011, he released a clothing line under his name.

Discography 
 Desvelado (September 26, 1995)
 Enséñame (September 17, 1996)
 Llegaste A Mi Vida (September 23, 1997)
 En Vivo: Desde Monterrey (September 8, 1998)
 El Cazador (March 23, 1999)
 Zona de Peligro (March 28, 2000)
 Esto Es Lo Nuestro: 20 Exitos (August 28, 2001)
 Siempre Pensando En Ti (March 27, 2001)
 Bobby (June 18, 2002)
 Móntame (September 30, 2003)
 Vive (February 1, 2005)
 Enfermo De Amor (September 7, 2007)
 Pure Tejano Gold (September 2, 2008)
 Dias De Ayer (March 16, 2010)

Other websites 
 Periodico AM - Newspaper 
 Online Article
 Bobby Pulido Coleccion Vaquera official page 
 Bobby Pulido Fan page 
 Listen To Bobby Pulido 

1971 births
Living people
Singers from Texas
Tejano musicians
is a prefecture  in the Chūbu region of Japan on the island of Honshu.  The capital city is Nagoya.

History 
Aichi prefecture was created by merging Owari Province and Mikawa Province.

Timeline
 1573 (Genki 4): Construction begins at Inuyama Castle
 1612 (Keichō 17): Construction begins at Nagoya Castle
 2005 (Heisei 17): Expo 2005 World Exposition

Economy
Aichi has a strong industry. Cars are made here. Commerce, farming and fishing are also important areas of the economy.

Geography 
Aichi faces Ise Bay and Mikawa Bay to the south.  

The prefecture borders Shizuoka Prefecture to the east, Nagano Prefecture to the northeast, Gifu Prefecture to the north, and Mie Prefecture to the west.

National Parks
National Parks are established in about 17% of the total land area of the prefecture.

Shrines and Temples
Oguni jinja, Kotonomama Hachiman-gū, Sengen jinja and Mishima jinja are the chief Shinto shrines (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.
Related pages
 Provinces of Japan
 Prefectures of Japan
 List of regions of Japan
 List of islands of Japan
 Nagoya Grampus

References

Other websites 

Aichi Prefecture official website
Aichi Prefectural Tourist Association
Dylan Thomas Sprouse (born August 4, 1992) is an American actor and businessman. He is the twin brother of Cole Sprouse. He is known for his role as Zack Martin on the Disney Channel series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and its spin-off, The Suite Life on Deck.

He is also the co-founder of a New York brewery called All-Wise Meadery.

References

1992 births
Living people
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Twin people from the United States
Actors from Long Beach, California
Businesspeople from California
Actors from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
Cole Mitchell Sprouse (born August 4, 1992) is an American actor. He is the twin brother of Dylan Sprouse. 

He is known for his role as Cody Martin on the Disney Channel series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and its spinoff The Suite Life on Deck. In 2017, Sprouse began starring as Jughead Jones on The CW television series Riverdale.

References

1992 births
Living people
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Twin people from the United States
Actors from Long Beach, California
Emilio H. Navaira III (August 23, 1962 – May 16, 2016) was an American musician and singer-songwriter. He was considered the "King of Tejano music". He won more awards at the Tejano Music Awards than any other male Tejano singer. He was born in San Antonio, Texas.

Emilio usually sings Mexican music and country music. Emilio's first country music single called "It's Not the End of the World" which reached the Top 30 on the country charts in 1995. In 1993, Emilio recorded a duet with Selena ("Queen of Tejano music") for her live album Selena Live!. Emilio has been in several car accidents and had been locked up for DUI.

Navaira died in New Braunfels, Texas from a massive heart attack on May 16, 2016, aged 53.

Related pages 
List of country musicians from Texas

References

Other websites 

Video of March 26, 2008, hospital press conference
Memorial Hermann Hospital newsroom  - updates on Emilio's condition
Tejano star Emilio Navaira injured in Houston bus crash  - Dash cam video, audios, and pictures of the crash scene

1962 births
2016 deaths
American country guitarists
American country singers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Grammy Award winners
Musicians from San Antonio, Texas
Singers from San Antonio, Texas
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Tejano musicians
Graciela Beltran was born on December 29, 1974 in Costa Rica, Sinaloa, Mexico. Her family moved to Los Angeles when she was six. Beltran's compilation album with Selena called Las Reinas Del Pueblo sold 5 million copies, which became Beltran's first and only album to sell above 1 million copies. Beltran was chosen to sing, as a Cinco de Mayo celebration, in front of former U.S. president George W. Bush.
Discography
Albums
1987: Gracielita Beltran
1988: Gracielita Beltran – 16 exitos
1989: Revelacion Ranchero
1991: La Estrellita de Sinaloa
1992: Graciela Beltrán con Banda
1992: Chalino Sanchez y Graciela Beltrán Canta Juntos
1993: Mis Mejores Canciones – 17 Super Exitos
1993: Graciela Beltrán con la Banda Culiacán
1993: Graciela Beltrán con la Banda Santa Cruz
1993: a duo con Grupo Modelo
1994: Los Tucanes de Tijuana y Graciela Beltrán
1995: Tesoro
1995: Las Reinas Del Pueblo
1996: Mi Corazon Es Tuyo
1997: La Reina Del Pueblo con Banda y Mariachi
1997: Tuya
1998: Robame Un Beso - Producido por Joan Sebastian
1998: Graciela Beltrán con Banda – Grandes y Nuevos Exitos
1998: Navida Para Mi Pueblo - Junto con otros artistas
1999: La Reina Del Pueblo
2001: Para Mi Pueblo
2001: Esto Es Lo Nuestro
2002: A Los Grandes
2003: No Me Arrepiento De Nada
2003: Graciela Beltrán – La Historia - Incluye 10 Videos
2004: Mi Otro Sentimiento
2005: Tuya
2006: Rancherisimas con Banda
2007: Es Cosa De El
2007: Promesas No
2007: Promesas No
2008: Una Reina En Hollywood
2009: La Reina De La Banda
Filmography 
 1990 Ni Parientes Somos  as Herself
 1991 El Corrido De Los Perez  as Herself
 1994 La Reina de las Bandas  as Herself
 1994 La Quebradita  as Herself
 2006 La Fea Más Bella  as Herself

References

Other websites 
 Graciela Beltran - official webpage
 Graciela Beltran at IMDb
 http://music.aol.com/artist/graciela-beltran/biography/1023785 
 http://www.rhapsody.com/graciela-beltran
 http://www.elmariachi.com/Artists/graciela_beltran.aspx 
 http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/beltran_graciela/artist.jhtml 
 http://www.universalmusica.com/gracielabeltran/Biography 

1974 births
Living people
Mexican singers
People from Sinaloa
A box-set is a package of compact discs, DVDs, or similar items that come in a special box.

Music 
Music box-sets can be remix albums, compilation albums or greatest hits albums that represents an artist's best works during their career. Box-sets are usually priced more than what regular CDs cost.

Movies and television 
Box-sets for movies and television can contain extra scenes, behind-the-scenes, and interviews with the cast. A box-set for a television series can contain all the episodes for one season. A movie box-set can contain all the movies in a series.

Media

ru:Музыкальный альбом#Классификация по объёму
was a Japanese architect and professor at the University of Tokyo.  He was the 1987 winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize.

Early life
Tange was born in Osaka. He grew up in the small city of Imabari in Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku in 1913.

Tange studied film at Nihon University to avoid joining the military.

In 1935, he began studying architecture at the University of Tokyo. Hideto Kishida and Shozo Uchida were two of his teachers.

Career
Tange won a contest to design the Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere Memorial Hall in 1942.

After the war, he became a professor at the University of Tokyo and taught such architects as Arata Isozaki, Koji Kamiya, Kisho Kurokawa, Fumihiko Maki and  Sachio Otani.

Tange was in charge of the rebuilding Hiroshima after World War II.   He designed the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum.

In 1959-60 Tange was a founding member of the architectural movement called Metabolism.

In 1987, Tange won the Pritzker Prize.
Honors
 RIBA Gold Medal, UK
 AIA Gold Medal, US
 Order of Culture, Japan
 Order of Sacred Treasure, Japan

Gallery

References

1913 births
2005 deaths
Japanese architects
Pritzker Architecture Prize winners
People from Osaka
People from Ehime Prefecture
Ryan Braun (born November 17, 1983) is a baseball player for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He is an outfielder who plays in left field. He started his career as a Major leaguer in 2007 and won the Rookie of the Year award in 2007. He was a National League All Star in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, and was the Most Valuable Player (MVP) in the National League in 2011.

Before playing in the major leagues, Braun played college baseball at the University of Miami. The Brewers chose him with the fifth pick in the 2005 MLB draft.

Braun is Jewish, and has said, "being Jewish is something I take great pride in". He has been nicknamed "the Hebrew Hammer".

References

Other websites 
Ryan Braun at baseball-reference

1983 births
Living people
Jewish American sportspeople
Milwaukee Brewers players
National League All-Stars
Jacksonville is a city in southeastern North Carolina.

Cities in North Carolina
County seats in North Carolina
West Des Moines is a city in central Iowa. It's a suburb of Des Moines, Iowa. It is the place where 12-year-old Johnny Gosch disappeared in 1982. West Des Moines is also home to Jordan Creek Town Center, the largest shopping mall in Iowa.

Cities in Iowa
Los Tres Reyes are a group of three Mexican singers. They record mariachi and ranchera music. Their comeback album Retorno De Los Tres Reyes (2001) peaked within the top 20 of the Mexican Albums Chart. The album contained a cover version of Selena's "No Me Queda Mas" song. The group recorded the song as a duet with Selena and released a promotional music video. The group has sold over 1,600,000 copies in the United States.

Other websites 
Allmusic

Mexican musical groups
Hlinsko is a small city in east Bohemia in the Czech Republic. It is on the banks of the Chrudimka river, in the Bohemian-Moravian highlands on the border of the Iron Mountains. Hlinsko belongs to the Pardubice region. It has about 10,000 inhabitants. Hlinsko is about 590 meters away over the sea.

History 
In the 11th century, there was created a potter’s camp on the route from Bohemia to Moravia. From there is taken name of the city, which comes from the word “hlína” (clay, material used by potters). First historical remark about Hlinsko comes from first half of 14th century.

From this time, Hlinsko belongs to domination of Rychmburk, which belongs to Tas from Rychmburk, later to Vartenberk and next to Arnošt Flaška from Pardubice. In this century, city obtained reeve’s department.

There was an old merchant’s route passing through Hlinsko, which was drawed in the Klaudián’s map from year 1518. In 1718, clan Kinských bought Rychmburk’s domination.
In 1834, Hlinsko became independent on authorities. In 1850, there was created district in Hlinsko.  In 1871 was finished construction of the railroad and began traffic on the road from Pardubice to Havlíčkův Brod (passing through Hlinsko).

There are many well-preserved people’s buildings in Hlinsko and its neighborhood already from half of 18th century. In part of Hlinsko it is Betlém, in neighborhood it is outdoor museum of people’s architecture in Veselý Kopec, Dřevíkov, Svobodné Hamry and Možděnice. There is camp Ležáky about 10 kilometers from Hlinsko, which was burned by Nazis during World War Two.

In modern history, Hlinsko was district city in years 1949 – 1960, after 1960 city lost benefit of district and it was integrated to Chrudimský district against will of its exponents. City became administrative centre once again in 1.1.2003 after reform of public administration, when Hlinsko became city of third level (city with extended scope).

Culture
Culture

Betlém 
Set of people’s buildings is on right bank of Chrudimka river. Before it was part of the city formed by timbered cottages, in which potters and tailors lived. Building material was mainly wood, wall was only in part around heater.
In 1995, Betlém was declared as monumental reservation of people’s architecture.
Many of buildings was renewed. Visitors can look over here how people lived and what traditions they had. There take place periodical exhibitions, too.

Museum and gallery 
There are expositions from history of Hlinsko district in museum. Visitors can find here a memorial hall of Adámků’s family, learn about history of education, crafting… They can see examples of contemporary suits and fashion accessories. There is permanent exposition of reliefs from Karel Lidický, and an exhibition of images. Name of this exhibition is “Výtvarné Hlinecko” and some of exhibited images are borrowed from National gallery.
Other monuments 
Keep, which is considered the oldest building in Hlinsko.
Town hall
Church of Born of Virgin Mary

Social life 
For cultural self-realization is there cinema and theater.
For book lovers is there Hlinsko’s library, which has two sections: child’s and adult’s.
City’s cultural club Hlinečan offers a wide spectrum of theater shows, concerts, lectures and social actions for inhabitants of Hlinsko and its region. They are organized in Chamber theatre or in local Sokol house.
Every year there are organized Adámek’s folklore celebrations. There are concerned groups not only from Czech republic, but also from abroad. Groups Vysočan and Vysočánek are representing Hlinsko.
Hlinsko produce Hlinsko’s news, which appears every month.
City has also its own TV – Cable’s information service.

Industry 
The biggest companies in Hlinsko:

Company ETA 
Since 1943.
Production of home electro appliances and car parts.

Dairy Hlinsko 
Since 1943.
Production of milk and milk products.
Brewery Rychtář 
Since 1913.
Production of light and dark, especially 12° and 10° beer.

Technolen technic cloth 
Production and selling of cloth, PVC, driving bands and foils.

Education 
Children from Hlinsko can attend three nursery schools. Next they can study at one of three primary schools (Ležáků, Smetanova, Resslova). There is also a special school for children with defects in writing, reading or counting.
There is also one secondary grammar school, Karel Václav Rais’s in Hlinsko. It offers four-year and eight-year study.
Parents can sign on their children to art school. It offers education in most artistic disciplines.

Sport 
In city stadium with grassy playground there is possible to practice summer sports. It is possible to use covered swimming pool with sauna.
In winter, friends of ice-skating and ice-hockey can use winter stadium or ski lifts, running tracks and hills for sledging.

Sources 
History of Hlinsko on its official website

Other websites 
Official website of Hlinsko city
Cities in the Czech Republic
Pardubice Region
Sacagawea  (c. 1788 – c. December 20, 1812; was a Lemhi Shoshone woman who went along with the Lewis and Clark Expedition as an interpreter and guide. Lewis and Clark explored the Western United States with her, traveling thousands of miles from North Dakota to the Pacific Ocean between 1804 and 1806.

Cultural significance
Sacagawea is well remembered today. When many people think about Lewis and Clark today, they also think about Sacagawea.

In 2000, the United States Mint issued the Sacagawea dollar coin in her honor, showing Sacagawea and her son, Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. The face on the coin was made to look like a modern Shoshone-Bannock woman named Randy'L He-dow Teton. This was because nobody knows exactly what Sacagawea looked like.

In 2001, she was given the title of Honorary Sergeant, Regular Army, by President Bill Clinton.

Biography

Early life
There is little information that is definitively known about Sacagawea.
At about thirteen years of age, Sacagawea was taken as a wife by Toussaint Charbonneau, a Quebecer trapper living in the village. He had also taken another young Shoshone named Otter Woman as a wife.

The Lewis and Clark expedition
Sacagawea was pregnant with her first child when the Corps of Discovery arrived near the Hidatsa villages to spend the winter of 1804–1805. Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark built Fort Mandan.  They interviewed several trappers who might be able to interpret or guide the expedition up the Missouri River in the springtime. They agreed to hire Charbonneau as an interpreter when they discovered his wife spoke Shoshone, as they knew they would need the help of Shoshone tribes at the headwaters of the Missouri.

Lewis wrote in his journal on November 4, 1804: 

Charbonneau and Sacagawea moved into the expedition's fort a week later. Clark nicknamed her Janey. Lewis wrote about the birth of Jean Baptiste Charbonneau on February 11, 1805.
In April, the expedition left Fort Mandan and headed up the Missouri River in pirogues.  They had to be poled against the current and sometimes pulled from the riverbanks.  On May 14, 1805, Sacagawea rescued items that had fallen out of a capsized boat, including the journals and records of Lewis and Clark. The corps commanders, who praised her quick action, named the Sacagawea River in her honor on May 20.

By August 1805, the corps had found a Shoshone tribe and was trying to trade for horses to cross the Rocky Mountains.  They used Sacagawea to interpret and discovered that the tribe's chief was her brother Cameahwait.

Lewis recorded their reunion in his journal:

And Clark in his:
And Clark in his:

The Shoshone agreed to trade horses to the group, and to provide guides to lead them over the cold and barren Rocky Mountains.  The trip was so hard that they were had to eat candles just to live.  When they went down into the more temperate regions on the other side, Sacagawea helped to find and cook camas roots to help them get their strength back.

As the expedition approached the mouth of the Columbia River on the Pacific Coast, Sacagawea gave up her beaded belt to let the captains trade for a fur robe they wanted to give to President Thomas Jefferson.
On the trip back, they came near the Rocky Mountains in July 1806.  On July 6, Clark wrote "The Indian woman informed me that she had been in this plain frequently and knew it well.... She said we would discover a gap in the mountains in our direction..." which is now Gibbons Pass. A week later, on July 13, Sacagawea told Clark to cross into the Yellowstone River basin at what is now known as Bozeman Pass.  This was later chosen as the best route for the Northern Pacific Railway to cross the continental divide.
While Sacagawea has been thought of as a guide for the expedition, she probably only gave directions a few times.  Her work as an interpreter certainly helped the party to talk with the Shoshone.  However, the most important thing she did for the group may have been being there during the hard journey, which showed they did not want to attack any Native Americans they came across.  While traveling through what is now Franklin County, Washington, Clark noted, "The Indian woman confirmed those people of our friendly intentions, as no woman ever accompanies a war party of Indians in this quarter," and, "the wife of Shabono our interpreter we find reconciles all the Indians, as to our friendly intentions a woman with a party of men is a token of peace."

Later life and death

After the expedition, Charbonneau and Sacagawea spent three years among the Hidatsa before accepting William Clark's invitation to live in St. Louis, Missouri in 1809.
Sacagawea gave birth to a daughter, Lizette, sometime after 1810. According to Bonnie "Spirit Wind-Walker" Butterfield, historical documents say that Sacagawea died in 1812 of an unknown sickness: 
"An 1811 journal entry made by Henry Brackenridge, a fur dealer at Fort Manuel Lisa Trading Post on the Missouri River, stated that both Sacagawea and Charbonneau were living at the fort. He recorded that Sacagawea "…had become sickly and longed to revisit her native country." The following year, John Luttig, a clerk at Fort Manuel Lisa recorded in his journal on December 20, 1812, that "…the wife of Charbonneau, a Snake Squaw [the common term used to denote Shoshone Indians], died of putrid fever." He went on to say that she was "aged about 25 years. She left a fine infant girl".  Documents held by Clark show that her son Baptiste had already been entrusted by Charbonneau into Clark's care for a boarding school education, at Clark's insistence (Jackson, 1962)."
As further proof that Sacagawea died in 1812, Butterfield writes:
"An adoption document made in the Orphans Court Records in St. Louis, Missouri states, 'On August 11, 1813, William Clark became the guardian of 'Tousant Charbonneau, a boy about ten years, and Lizette Charbonneau, a girl about one year old.' For a Missouri State Court at the time, to designate a child as orphaned and to allow an adoption, both parents had to be confirmed dead in court papers."

References

Other websites

Native American people
1787 births
1812 deaths
American explorers
Australasia at the Olympics is a history which includes 2 games in 2 countries and 53 athletes. Since 1908, Australasia (ANZ) has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

History

Australasia's team first competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London.

Australasia was the name of a combined team of athletes from Australia and New Zealand. They competed together at the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics.  When the Olympic Games started up again in 1920 after World War I, the two countries sent separate teams to the Games.

Medalists
The Australasia team won a total of twelve medals in the two games in which they competed. Most of these were in swimming.   One New Zealander won a medal in 1908. Harry Kerr won a bronze in athletics. In 1912, two New Zealanders won medals. Malcolm Champion won a gold in swimming. Tony Wilding won a bronze in tennis. All other medalists for Australasia were Australians.

Medals by Games

Medals by sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References
References

Other websites
 Olympic Medal Winners at Olympic.org
Australasia (until 1920) at DatabaseOlympics.com

Former nations at the Olympics
Australia at multi-sport events
Sport in New Zealand
Heroes of Might & Magic VI is a computer game issued by Ubisoft. It was released in October 2011. The game is the sixth episode of the Might & Magic series.

Game play is turn-based strategy, with the options of single- or multi-player. It is animated. The story continues from the previous episode and is basically told in the introduction. Styles of multiplayer include hot seat offline or online over the internet. Offline and online saves are not compatible.

The game looks like the 5th version. The focus of the game is battles, and to a lesser extent the adventure map. Resources found in earlier versions of the game (sulfur, diamonds or mercury) are not used in this version.

2011 video games
MacOS games
Windows games
Ubisoft games
Generation Kill is a book written by Evan Wright in 2004. In 2003, American reporter Evan Wright joined members of the reconnaissance battalion of United States Marine Corps. As a war reporter with them he spent forty days in the first line of the invasion in Iraq. He described the way to Baghdad, first in articles for Rolling Stone magazine, and later in the book which became model for same-named seven-part miniseries. At the beginning of the book we can find a list of the main characters and a dictionary of abbreviations. The book has a prologue, 35 chapters and an epilogue. At the end of the book is thanks to members of the United States Marine Corps. In the text we can see photos taken by Evan Wright.
The story begins when Reporter (a nickname for Wright) first met the soldiers with whom he spent the whole time. Evan is assigned to a team whose team leader is sergeant Brad Colbert, nicknamed Iceman. Brad sits on the passenger seat. The driver is corporal Ray Person, The rear driver is James Trombley, the youngest member of the team, who is nineteen years old. Next to him is the main shooter, Corporal Walt Hassher. On the rear passenger seat is Reporter.

The book describes the passion for fighting, army humor and an aggressive way of war. The author gives a true view of the American army, their broken supply and some poor leadership skills. The book became very popular in America and got many awards.

2004 books
War
Jawa Motors is a  motorcycles company that produces mopeds. The company started in 1927 and owned by František Janeček￼￼.￼ The name JAWA comes from the first two letters of words Janeček (factory owner) and Wanderer (factory name).

Jawa motorbikes
In 1932, František Janeček sold a new motorbike--the Jawa 175 Villiers. It was simple motorbike. It was popular because it was light weight. By 1935, 3000 of these motorbikes were produced.
 
In 1935 the same frame used engine JAWA 350 OHV. This motorbike was stronger and more luxury than previous type 175 Villiers. There was more chrome parts and a built-in speedometer. 4000 were produced.

The smallest Jawa motorbike before World War II was the Jawa 100 Robot. It was a small moped. About 12,000 were produced.
 
The start of World War II meant the end of motorbike production. Lots of motorbikes projects was created illegally, but only one realized, Jawa 350.
In 1952 was produced one of travelling motorbike Jawa 500 OHC, there was used four stroke engine. This motorbike is used by the police and the army. 
 
To the 1960 JAWA cooperated with many countries, for example India, Turkey, Egypt. Firm IDEAL MOTORD in Majsur in India bought licences from Jawa mostly. 

In 1970 Jawa produced  the "BIZON“ series, and after that Jawa 634, which were modernized to model 640. Jawa 638-640 has engine 350ccm, it is robust and favourite motorbike in class motorbike.

JAWA produced a lot´s of models of mopeds, for example JAWA 50 types 20,21 named „pionýr“ or „pařez“ This motorbikes were mostly sell in SSSR. 
  
Today Jawa is sold in many European countries. The newest models are JAWA 660, JAWA 125 and 50 Dandy, JAWA 250, 350 and. Basic of motorbikes is really the same like 70 years ago, but it is very modernized, mainly motors. Today stronger four-stroke motors are used, two-stroke motors are used to 350ccm.
Jawa Cars
In 1933 Jawa started to produce small cars. Ing. Janeček bought a licence from German Meisterklasse DKW. It was called JAWA 700. To 1934 was produced some one thousand cars of this type, because sale was full of small cars, so JAWA produced more motorbikes than cars, in season before war were motorbikes more favourite.

References

Motorcycles
Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet (3 September 1899 - 31 August 1985) was an Australian virologist. In 1960, He was given a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work dealing with immunology.

1899 births
1985 deaths
Virologists
Scientists from Victoria (Australia)
Australian medical researchers
Australian of the Year Award winners
Australian Nobel Prize winners
George Burns (born Nathan Birnbaum, January 20, 1896– March 9, 1996), was an American comedian, actor, and writer.   

He was well-known for his comedy routines with his wife, Gracie Allen, involving her tall tales about her relatives. The Burns & Allen Show was broadcast on radio from 1942 to 1950 and on television from 1950 to 1958.

References

1896 births
1996 deaths
Actors from New York City
American centenarians
American movie actors
American television actors
Comedians from New York City
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Writers from New York City
The Cathedral of St. Ducha (the holy spirit) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. It was built in 1307. It was built by order of Eliška Rejčka because the church of St. Klement was too small. The church was burned and rebuilt several times between the 14th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century, the church was plundered by Swedish soldiers. In 1664, Pope Alexander VII blessed the church as a cathedral. The last repairs were done after World War II.

Interior
The cathedral has an old Gothic altar from the end of the 15th century. It also has an early baroque altar from the 17th century. There is a portrait of St. Antoním by Petr Brandla, a pastoforium made by Matej Rejsem and a pulpit by Josef Myslbek. Under the cathedral are 3 crypts. There is a legend that Jan Žižka z Trocnova, a famous Hussite commander, was buried there for a short time. In the towers are 4 bells named Leopold, Klement, Václav and Michal.
Services
There are services every day. On Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, services are at 18:30. On Sunday, services are at 6:30, 9:30 and 11:00. There is a special service for children on Wednesdays at 17:30. People can visit the interior of the cathedral during worship.

Photo gallery

Other websites 
 History of Cathedral on deanery site 
 Official site of Hradec Králové deanery  

Roman Catholic cathedrals
Buildings and structures in the Czech Republic
BIGBANG 2 is the third Japanese album of South Korean boy band, Big Bang. It was released on May 11, 2011 and this album had 3 singles to date: Let Me Hear Your Voice, Tell Me Goodbye, and Beautiful Hangover.

Track listing

References

2011 albums
A computer network is a group of two or more computers that are linked together. Networks are usually used to share resources, exchange files or communicate with other users.

A network is a set of nodes connected by communication links.  A node can be a computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending or receiving data from or to the other node in the network.

Other devices are often needed for the network to work correctly.  Examples for such devices include hubs and switches.  Different kinds of network can be connected to each other with a router.  In general, networks that use cables to connect can operate at higher speeds than those using wireless technology.

Computers in a network can be near each other, or far. A Local Area Network (LAN) connects computers which are close together.  Building a LAN is easier than connecting different networks (by a Wide Area Network).  The largest Wide Area Network is the Internet.
Computers can be part of several different networks. Networks can also be parts of bigger networks. The local area network in a small business is usually connected to the corporate network of the larger company.  These connections may allow access to the Internet.  For example, a shop may use it to show merchandise on its Web site through a web server, or to convert received orders into shipping instructions.

A network must be connected with appropriate hardware. This can be wired or wireless. For a simple LAN, computers, media and peripherals are sufficient. WANs (wide area networks) and some large LANs (local area networks) need some additional devices like a bridge, gateway or router to connect different small or large networks.

A network needs a communication protocol (a system for exchanging messages between computing systems.) Microsoft Windows, Linux and most other operating systems use TCP/IP. Apple Macintosh computers used Appletalk in the 20th century, but use TCP/IP now.

Network models
Network models

One large network of communication technology would be difficult to implement. As a result, we split up various components of the network into smaller modules or layers. The standard model of a network is the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model set by the International Organization Standard (ISO).

Other network models exist, though they are all split into similar layers. Each layer uses the services that the layer below provides, while providing services for the layer above it. Each layer can only communicate with the same layer on the destination device.

OSI model 
OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a 7-layer network model specified by ISO (International Organization for Standardization) norm and is widely used all around the world. The concept of a seven-layer model was provided by the work  of Charles Bachman, Honeywell information Services. Various aspects of OSI design evolved from experiences with the ARPANET, NPLNET, EIN and CYCLADES networks and the work in IFIP WG6.1.
Layer 1 

The physical layer defines electrical and physical specifications for devices. It also specifies modulated and baseband transmission.

Baseband 
Baseband is digital data in their raw form (in binary, the language understood by the computer in the form of 0s and 1s - 1001 1101 1010 0011).  This allows very fast and reliable transmission over short distances; however, the media tend to make the bits interfere with each other, the range of baseband transmission is very limited.  It becomes worse with increasing speed.  Baseband technology is frequently used on LAN.
 UTP cable – max 100 m on 100 Mbit/s speed without repeater
 Optical fiber – max 1 km on 100 Mbit/s speed without repeater
Typical technology: Ethernet cables
Modulated transmission 
In telecommunications, modulation is the process of conveying a message signal, for example a digital bit stream or an analog audio signal, inside another signal that can be physically transmitted. The device that provides modulation of the baseband signal is called a modulator, and the device that provides demodulation of the modulated signal back to baseband is called a demodulator. Today, the modulator and demodulator are integrated into one device called Modem (modulator-demodulator). Frequently used on WAN, WLAN, WWAN.

Typical technology: WI-FI, ADSL, cable TV connection (CATV)

Layer 2 
The data link layer provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities and to detect and possibly correct errors that may occur in the physical layer.
Layer 3 
The network layer provides the functional and procedural means of transferring variable length data sequences from a source host on one network to a destination host on a different network using the IP address.

IP address 
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. At present there are two versions of protocols in use – IPv4 and IPv6.
 IPv4 uses 32-bit addressing which limits address space up to 4294967296 (232) possible unique addresses.
Example: IP-192.168.0.1 mask-255.255.255.0 means that the network address is 192.168.0.0 and the device address is 192.168.0.1
 IPv6 uses 128-bit addressing which limits address space up to 2128 possible addresses. It is deemed sufficient for the foreseeable future. Full IPv6 support is still in the implementation phase.
Layer 4 
The transport layer provides transparent transfer of data between end users, providing reliable data transfer services to the upper layers. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) of the Internet Protocol Suite are commonly categorized as layer-4 protocols within OSI.
 TCP (transmission control protocol) provides reliable, ordered delivery of a stream of bytes from a program on one computer to another program on another computer. TCP is used for applications that strictly require reliable transfer (e-mail, WWW, file transfer (FTP), ...)
 UDP (user datagram protocol) uses a simple transmission model without implicit handshaking dialogues for providing reliability, ordering, or data integrity. UDP is used in applications where we require reduced latency over reliability (stream videos, VOIP, online games,...)
Layers 5-7 
Commonly united into one layer in simplified network models, its main purpose is to interact with applications, encrypting and establishing dedicated connections if necessary.

Networking terms
Latency 
Latency, incorrectly called ping, is a value that measures how much time packets need to travel to their destination. It is measured in milliseconds (ms). The tool that measures latency is called ping, commonly using special ICMP packets which are smaller than standard data packets so they do not weight the network by their presence.
 Immediate latency is measured every X seconds and immediately displayed. Its value constantly changes due to the natural properties of packet-switching network technology. High latency peaks have negative effects on most network applications which can adapt to average latency by allocating corresponding size of memory as buffer. High latency peaks lead to emptying of this buffer and to temporary freezing of applications. This freezing is commonly called lag.
Average latency is the sum of immediate latency measured Y times every X seconds divided by Y. Average latency is used to estimate size of the buffer, mainly because it does not change so often. Buffer enables some applications such as stream videos to run smoothly even with high average latency, but it cannot protect us from high latency peaks.
Capacity (bandwidth) 
Capacity is a measure of transfer capacity of a network and is measured in bits per second (bps or b/s), today commonly Mbps or Mb/s. It shows us how many data units are transferred each second. At present, the average bandwidth is far higher than is necessary and it is not a limiting factor in most cases.
 Uplink is how much bandwidth is used for transferring data from user to server (usually lower for end users).
 Downlink is how much bandwidth is used for transferring data from server to user (usually higher for end users).

Broadcast 
Broadcast is a special transmission that is not meant for a single device but is addressed to all devices in specific network. It is mostly used to automatically issue IP addresses to devices by a DHCP server and to create an ARP table that maps the network and speeds up the traffic.

References
History
The club was founded in 1981 as part of the FC Heidenreichstein. Soon the women department became independent. 1985 they played in the Damenliga Ost, which was the second level in women soccer. 1987 they were promoted for the first time in the ÖFB-Frauenliga (first level). 1990 they were relegated but came back in 1992. In 1993/94 they reached the third place in the ÖFB-Frauenliga which was the best place ever. In the 1992/93 season the club reached the final of the ÖFB-Ladies Cup. They lost 2:0 versus Union Kleinmünchen Linz. Also the 1994/95 cup final was lost versus Kleinmünchen. 1998 they were again relegated and played till 2009 in the second level. 2009 they were again relegated and at present they play in the Landesliga Niederösterreich,which is the third level.
Current team
as November 2011
Benesch Viktoria-DF
Fucker Anna-Christina-FW
Kuklina Maria-MF, FW
Lang Sonja-FW, MF
Lebersorger Verena
Ledermüller Verena-DF, MF
Lemp Theresa-DF
Miedler Christina-MF
Mohammed
Nowak Michelle-MF
Polt Christine
Prinz Sabrina-FW
Pruckner Denise-MF
Skiwa Denise-GK
Soffried Katharina-MF
Strak Kerstin-FW
Tanzmeister Dorothea-MF
Traschl Marlene
Weissenböck Melanie-DF, MF
Winkler Julia-DF, FW
Winkler Nadine-DF
GK-goalkeeper, DF-defence, MF- midfielder, FW-forward

Honours
ÖFB-Frauenliga 3rd place:1994
ÖFB-Ladies-Cup runner-up: 1993, 1995

References

Other websites 
Official Homepage (German)

Women's football in Austria
Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Lower Austria
The Chuvash Wikipedia () is the Chuvash language edition of Wikipedia. It was founded on November 22, 2004. Its 5,000th article was created in January 2007. On November 11, 2016, it passed 36,000 articles.

Policies
Rules in Chuvash Wikipedia are not as flexible in disputes as they are on English Wikipedia. Many things can be resolved through an arbitration committee. An arbitration committee can help with disagreements about things in articles, block users or stop certain users from editing articles on certain topics. Misuse of an administrator's privileges can also be easily appealed.

The Chuvash Wikipedia accepts fair use content. Many things are allowed. One thing that is not allowed is categorizing or listing people based on their ethnicity, religion or sexual orientation. Such categories are usually not allowed unless the category is relevant to the main activity of a person.

History
The Chuvash Wikipedia was created on November 22, 2004.
Timeline
 On December 16, 2004, the main page was created.
 On March 9, 2006,  the 2,000th article was created.
 On August 22, 2006, the 4,000th article was created.
 On November 22, 2006, the 4,500th article was created.
 In January 2007, the 5,000th article was created.
 In September 2007, the 6,000th article was created.
 On January 14, 2008, the 7,000th article was created.
 On July 17, 2008, the 8,000th article was created.
 On April 6, 2009, the 10,000th article was created.
 On February 13, 2010, the 11,000th article was created.
 On October 4, 2010, the 11,451st article was created.
 On August 31, 2011, the 13,000th article was created.
 On November 11, 2016, the 36,000th article was created.

Content
Source: Нумай каçăллă категорисем

Related pages
 ChuvashTet

References

Wikipedias
Websites established in 2004
ChuvashTet (short for "Chuvash Internet"), () is the name Chuvash-speaking Internet users commonly use for the segment of the Web about the Chuvash people or Chuvashia. It includes webpages and websites in many languages.

Chuvash Internet users employ Latin and Cyrillic scripts.
Literature 
 Алексеев И. В. Выбор символов для букв чувашского алфавита при размещении информации на веб-сайтах // Аспекты филологических, педагогических, журналистских исследований: Межвузовский сборник научных трудов. — Cheboksary: Новое время, 2009. — С. 244—250.
 Алексеев И. В., Дегтярёв Г. А. К вопросу о создании компьютерной терминологии на чувашском языке // Чувашский язык из глубины веков в будущее / Науч. ред. и сост. Г. А. Дегтярёв. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2007. — С. 100—103.
 Андреев В. Ю. О поисковых системах Интернета // Чувашский язык и современные проблемы алтаистики: Сборник материалов Международной научной конференции «Чувашский язык и современные проблемы алтаистики». В 2-х ч. — Ч. I. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2009. — С. 77-80.
Дегтярёв Г. А. Компьютерти чăваш чĕлхи: терминологие йĕркелес ыйтусем // Вестник Чебоксарского филиала Московского государственного гуманитарного университета имени М. А. Шолохова. № 6. — Moscow — Cheboksary, 2009. — С. 258—267.
 Дегтярёва И. В. Чĕлхĕ урокĕсенче Интернет пурлăхĕпе усă курасси // Ашмаринские чтения — 6: Материалы Всероссийской научной конференции. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2008. — С. 375—380.
Related pages 
 TatNet
 Chuvash Wikipedia

Other websites  
 Дегтярёва И. В. Интернет чăвашла вĕрентет // Халăх шкулĕ. — Вып. 4 (97), 2008. С. 30-31.
 Матвеев И. Чăваш интернечĕ: малашлăха пĕрле утар // Сувар, 2006, Jan. 27.
 Яковлев В. Интернетри «Чăваштет» — чăваш этносфери // Хыпар, 2006, June. 28.
 Каталог сайтов Чувашского Интернета на Chuvash.ru 
 Каталог сайтов Чувашского Интернета на Chuvash.net 
 Chuvash people site;
 Official site of the Chuvash Republic .

Internet
Chuvash Republic
Alikovo (; , Elĕk) is a locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is  south of Cheboksary, on the Cheboksary—Krasnye Chetai and Cheboksary—Yadrin auto routes. Most of the 2,500 people who live there are Chuvash.

Geography
The Abashyrma River flows near Alikovo; and the closest village is Siner.

History
It was first mentioned in 1486.

Climate
The climate is moderately continental, with long cold winters and warm summers. Average January temperature is ; average July temperature is . The absolute recorded low was  and the record high was . Annual precipitation is up to .

Infrastructure
The facilities include a culture center, a theater, a library, a medical clinic, and stores. There is also a postal office, a stadium, a restaurant and cafés, and several gas stations. A market is open on Thursdays. There are two parks—central and one named after Andriyan Nikolayev.

Education
Educational facilities include a middle school and a music school.
Culture
Cultural facilities include a museum, a people's theater, a people's ensemble, a veteran's orchestra, a school's brass band, and a chorus. International Chuvash music festival "Vir'yal shevlisem" (Vir'yal's pancakes) is held during summers.

Economy
Industry in Alikovo is represented by a building plant, branches of banks and insurance companies, telecommunication offices, and building companies.

Further reading
L. A. Yefimov, "Alikovsky District" ("Элĕк Енĕ"), Alikovo, 1994.
"Аликовская энциклопедия" (Alikovsky District's Encyclopedia), authors: Yefimov L.A., Yefimov E.L., Ananyev A.A., Terentyev G.K., Cheboksary, 2009, .

Alikovsky District