Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Ballard published several novels and short-story collections during the seventies and eighties. However, he only became popular in the mainstream with his novel Empire of the Sun in 1984. This novel was based on his years in Shanghai and in an internment camp. It became a bestseller,

Ballard continued to write until the end of his life. He died of prostate cancer in London.

Influence
Bruce Sterling called Ballard is an important writer leading to cyberpunk in the introduction to the Mirrorshades anthology.

Jean Baudrillard praised Crash as the first great novel of the universe of simulation in Simulacra and Simulation

Ballard was interested in the relationship between different media. He was one of the trustees of the Institute for Research in Art and Technology in the early 1970s.

Works

Novels

Short story collections

Other 
A User's Guide to the Millennium: Essays and Reviews (1996)
Miracles of Life (Autobiography; 2008)

Adaptations
Adaptations

Films 
When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth (1970) dir. Val Guest
Empire of the Sun (1987) dir. Steven Spielberg
Crash (1996) dir. David Cronenberg
The Atrocity Exhibition (2001) dir. Jonathan Weiss
Aparelho Voador a Baixa Altitude (2002), dir. Solveig Nordlund. (Portuguese adaptation of the short story "Low Flying Aircraft")

Television 
"Thirteen to Centaurus" (1965) from the short story of the same name – dir. Peter Potter (BBC Two)
Crash! (1971) dir. Harley Cokliss
"Minus One" (1991) from the story of the same name – short film dir. by Simon Brooks.
"Home" (2003) primarily based on "The Enormous Space" – dir. Richard Curson Smith (BBC Four)

References

Bibliography
Ballard, J.G. (1984). Empire of the Sun. .
Ballard, J.G. (1991). The Kindness of Women. .
Ballard, J.G. (1993). The Atrocity Exhibition (expanded and annotated edition). .
Ballard, J.G. (2006). "Look back at Empire". The Guardian, 4 March 2006.
Baxter, J. (2001). "J.G. Ballard". The Literary Encyclopedia. Retrieved 11 March 2006.
Baxter, J. (ed.) (2008). J.G. Ballard, London: Continuum. 
 Brigg, Peter (1985). J.G. Ballard. Rpt. Borgo Press/Wildside Press. 
Collins English Dictionary . . Quoted in Ballardian: The World of JG Ballard. Retrieved 11 March 2006.
Cowley, J. (2001). "The Ballard of Shanghai jail". Review of The Complete Stories by J.G. Ballard. The Observer, 4 November 2001. Retrieved 11 March 2006.
Delville, Michel. J.G. Ballard. Plymouth: Northcote House, 1998.
Gasiorek, A. (2005). J. G. Ballard. Manchester University Press. 
Hall, C. "Extreme Metaphor: A Crash Course in the Fiction of JG Ballard". Retrieved 11 March 2006.
Livingstone, D.B. (1996?). "Prophet with Honour". Retrieved 12 March 2006.
Luckhurst, R. (1998). The Angle Between Two Walls: The Fiction of J. G. Ballard. Liverpool University Press. 
McGrath, R.  JG Ballard Book Collection. Retrieved 11 March 2006.
Oramus, Dominika. Grave New World. Warsaw: University of Warsaw, 2007.
Pringle, David, Earth is the Alien Planet: J.G. Ballard's Four-Dimensional Nightmare, San Bernardino, CA: The Borgo Press, 1979.
Pringle, David (ed.) and Ballard, J.G. (1982). "From Shanghai to Shepperton". Re/Search 8/9: J.G. Ballard: 112–124. .
Rossi, Umberto (2009). “A Little Something about Dead Astronauts”, Science-Fiction Studies, #107, 36:1 (March), 101–120.
Stephenson, Gregory, Out of the Night and Into the Dream: A Thematic Study of the Fiction of J.G. Ballard, New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.
V. Vale (ed.) (2005). "J.G. Ballard: Conversations" (excerpts ). RE/Search Publications. 
V. Vale (ed.) and Ryan, Mike (ed). (2005). "J.G. Ballard: Quotes" (excerpts ). RE/Search Publications.
Other websites

J. G. Ballard's online fiction at Free Speculative Fiction Online
Ballardian: The World of J.G. Ballard (Simon Sellars)
J.G. Ballard Literary Archive & Bibliographies (Rick McGrath)
  2008 profile of J. G. Ballard by Theodore Dalrymple in City Journal magazine

articles, reviews and essays
 
 Landscapes From a Dream , J G Ballard and modern art
 The Marriage of Reason and Nightmare, City Journal, Winter 2008 
Miracles of Life reviewed by Karl Miller in the TLS, 12 March 2008
J.G. Ballard: The Glow of the Prophet Diane Johnson article on Ballard from The New York Review of Books
Reviews of Ballard's work and John Foyster's criticism of Ballard's work featured in Edition 46 of Science Fiction magazine edited by Van Ikin.

source material
Manuscripts for The Unlimited Dream Company  at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin
J. G. Ballard and his family on the list of the interment camp  at Japan Center for Asian Historical Records
obituaries and remembrances
Obituary  in the Times Online
Obituary by David Pringle in the Guardian
Obituary by John Clute in The Independent
Obituary in the New York Times
Obituary in the Los Angeles Times
Quotes from other writers on BBC News
More writers' reactions in The Guardian
A short appreciation in The New Yorker
Tribute  by V. Vale from RE/Search
Letter From London: The J.G. Ballard Memorial 

1930 births
2009 deaths
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
British autobiographers
Cancer deaths in London
Deaths from prostate cancer
English novelists
The Indian cormorant or Indian shag (Phalacrocorax fuscicollis) is a member of the cormorant family. It is found mainly along the inland waters of the Indian Subcontinent but extending west to Sindh (S Pakistan) and east to Thailand and Cambodia. It is a gregarious species that can be easily distinguished from the similar sized Little cormorant by its blue eye, small head with a sloping forehead and a long narrow bill ending in a hooked tip.

Cormorants
The Oriental darter or Indian darter (Anhinga melanogaster), sometimes called snakebird, is a water bird of tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Suliformes
Birds of Asia
IUCN Red List near threatened species
Charades or charade (  or  ) is a word guessing game. A player acts out a word or phrase and the other players attempt to guess what the word or phrase is in a certain amount of time. The person who is acting usually pantomimes similar sounding words. The game has also been adapted into television shows like Acting Crazy, Party Game, Give Us a Clue, Body Language and Celebrity Charades.

Other websites
The rules for Charades 

Games
Aestivation, spelled estivation in the US, is one way an animal can go dormant, which is like being asleep.

Aestivation is similar to hibernation, but the animal does it when it is hot instead of when it is cold. The animals stops moving and it slowly uses much less energy (food). The animal does this when the temperature is high and the weather is dry. Lungfish have been doing this since the Devonian period millions of years ago. Many animals aestivate, including the Nile crocodile, many snails, and lady beetles.

Invertebrate and vertebrate animals aestivate so they do not die from the heat or from drying out. Both land- and water-living animals can do aestivation.

Related pages 
 Torpor
 Dormancy
 Hibernation

Notes 

Physiology
Dormancy is a period in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity are temporarily stopped. This minimizes metabolic activity and therefore helps an organism to conserve energy. Dormancy tends to be closely associated with environmental conditions. Organisms can synchronize entry to a dormant phase with their environment through predictive or consequential means.

Predictive dormancy occurs when an organism enters a dormant phase before the onset of adverse conditions. For example, day length and decreasing temperature are used by many plants as triggers to start dormancy before the onset of winter.
Consequential dormancy occurs when organisms enter a dormant phase after adverse conditions arise. This is often found in areas with an unpredictable climate. Sudden changes in conditions may lead to a high mortality rate among animals relying on consequential dormancy. On the other hand, its use can be advantageous, as organisms remain active longer and are able to make greater use of available resources.
Animals 
Hibernation: Hibernation is a mechanism used by many mammals to save energy and survive food shortage over the winter. Hibernation may be predictive or consequential.
Diapause: Diapause is a predictive strategy controlled by an animal's genotype. It is common in insects between autumn and spring.
Aestivation: Aestivation is consequential dormancy in response to very hot or dry conditions. It is common in invertebrates, and also occurs in lungfish, salamanders, desert tortoises, and crocodiles.
Brumation: Brumation is dormancy in reptiles similar to hibernation. It differs from hibernation in the metabolic processes involved. Reptiles usually start brumation in late autumn. They often wake up to drink water and return to "sleep".  They can go for months without food.

Plants
The oldest carbon 14-dated seed that has grown into a plant was a Judean date palm seed about 2,000 years old, recovered from excavations at Herod the Great's palace on Masada in Israel. It was germinated in 2005.
 The largest seed is produced by the Coco de mer, or "double coconut palm", Lodoicea maldivica.  The entire fruit may weigh up to 23 kilograms (50 pounds) and usually contains a single seed.

Related pages 
Torpor

References 

Metabolism
A wedding officiant is a person who is allowed by the government to perform weddings. This person may be a civil servant, or they may hold a religious position (for example, a priest or a rabbi). In some countries, certain religious officials are automatically allowed to perform weddings. In other countries, they must first ask permission from the government. 

Wedding officiants who work for the government must often follow special rules, that others do not have to follow. For example, the government might not allow them to refuse to perform a wedding, if the people who want to get married are allowed to by the law. 

Some countries allow anyone, not just civil servants or religious officials, to become wedding officiants temporarily. A temporary wedding officiant is usually allowed to carry out only one specific wedding that they asked permission for. If they want to perform another one, they have to ask the government for permission again. 
Marriage
The masked booby, Sula dactylatra, is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae.

These birds often fight each other for certain types of fish. Many adults will create a flock of their own to take down a school of fish but many boobies hunt alone so their catch is not stolen by the other birds in the area.

They are often mistaken for the common seagull due to the primary white color on its feathers.

Breeding
The masked booby nests in small colonies. It lays two chalky white eggs on sandy beaches in shallow depressions, which are incubated by both adults for 45 days. 

In most cases, the first chick will kill its smaller, weaker sibling after it hatches.  Siblicide is what it is called. Research shows that the boobies can feed two chicks, but they do so at a cost to health and future reproductive success.
Compared to other species of boobies such as the blue-footed booby, siblicide always happens in the masked booby. One reason is because the masked boobies build very shallow flat nests, so older chicks can expel their younger siblings with relative ease. Blue-footed booby parents, meanwhile, build nests with steeper sides, thus preventing some older chicks from engaging in siblicidal behaviour.

References 

Seabirds
Suliformes
The great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds.  It is a large black bird which breeds in much of the Old World and the Atlantic coast of North America. There is a lot of variation in its size in different parts of the world.Weight is reported to vary from  to .

Notes 

Cormorants
The little cormorant (Microcarbo niger) is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds.

References

Cormorants
The pygmy cormorant (Microcarbo pygmaeus) is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds.

Cormorants
A biographical film or biopic is a movie about a particular person or group of people, based on events that actually happened. They are like docudramas but concentrate persons rather than events. They may present events as they actually happened, or may stretch and adjust the truth for other purposes.

Biographical movies often single out the most important events of the lives involved to focus on. They may also cross over between genres, such as drama, comedy and action.
Songwriting
She wrote the songs "Always Mine", "My Love" and "Amame". She co-wrote "Amor Prohibido", "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom" and "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)". Her brother, A.B. Quintanilla III, became the main songwriter for Selena's songs in 1989. Selena y Los Dinos band members such as Ricky Vela (lead keyboardist) and Pete Astudillo (backup dancer) also wrote some songs for Selena. All the songs that were recorded were on the independent LP records Selena y Los Dinos (1984), The New Girl in Town (1985), Alpha (1986), Muñequito de Trapo (1987), And the Winner Is... (1987), Preciosa (1988) and Dulce Amor (1988). The other recorded songs were on her studio albums, Selena (1989), Ven Conmigo (1990), Entre A Mi Mundo (1992), Selena Live! (1993), Amor Prohibido (1994) and Dreaming of You (1995).
Recording with other artists
Selena also had recorded several duets with other singers. "Buenos Amigos" was a corrido (a Spanish ballad that tells a story) with Salvadorian singer Alvaro Torres. "Donde Quiera Que Estes" was recorded with the Nuyorican band Barrio Boyzz. "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)" was a rock-gospel duet that was recorded with former Talking Heads singer David Byrne. "Puede Ser" had became Selena's final recording, she recorded the song with Puerto Rican-Dominican singer Nando "Guero" Dominguez. Selena had recorded several duets with backup dancer Astudillo as well.
Selena had used polka, jazz fusion and traditional Tejano music in her songs during the 1980s. "My Love" is a freestyle song. Also coming from Selena (1989), "No Te Vayas" is a reggae fusion song. Songs on Ven Conmigo (1990) had more variety than her last album. On Entre A Mi Mundo (1992), the album had more Tejano songs. "Missing My Baby" is a contemporary R&B song and "¿Qué Creias?" is a mariachi song. On Selena Live! (1993) most of the songs were live versions of the songs that were released before. There were only three new songs that were in the style of cumbia. On Amor Prohibido (1994), the album had mostly cumbia and Latin dance-pop songs. "No Me Queda Mas" is a power ballad song, while "Techno Cumbia" had techno fusion mixed with cumbia. "Ya No" is a rock song. On Dreaming of You (1995), most of the songs were pop confessionals and contemporary R&B songs recorded in English. "Captive Heart" is an Synthpop song; it also has soul music
. "I'm Getting Used To You" used baroque– and dream pop music while the songs "El Toro Relajo" and "Tú Sólo Tú" are ranchera songs.
After Selena was killed in 1995, several songs were released. "Siempre Hace Frio" had a mixture of mariachi and ranchera music and "Only Love" is a pop-confessional. Both of these songs were on Siempre Selena (1996). "A Boy Like That" was a charity song to help AIDS patients; it was also a cover version from the West Side Story movie. "Where Did the Feeling Go?" is a ballad song, while "Is It the Beat?" is an electronic dance-pop song. The "Disco Medley" is a disco melody song; that contained the "Last Dance", "The Hustle" and "On the Radio" mixed into one song; these songs were originally recorded by Donna Summer ("Last Dance", "On the Radio") and Van McCoy ("The Hustle"). The "Cumbia Medley" is a live cumbia melody song; that contained "Como La Flor", "La Carcacha", "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom" and "Baila Esta Cumbia" mixed into one song; these songs are on the Selena movie soundtrack (1997)
. The "Con Tanto Amor Medley" is a ballad melody that contained "Amor Prohibido", "Si Una Vez" and "Como La Flor" mixed into one song; it was featured on Ones (2002). "Puede Ser" is a Spanish rock duet and was featured on Momentos Intimos (2004). "Lo Dejo Solo" is a polka song and was on the Classic Series Vol. 1 album in 2007. There are currently more unreleased songs Selena had recorded. Her father, Abraham Quintanilla Jr, and EMI Latin currently hold the rights to those songs.
A

B

C

D

E

F

G

I

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

Y

Notes

References 

Lists of songs by recording artists
Joplin is a city in Jasper County Missouri. In 2011, about 25% of the city was destroyed by an EF5 tornado.

References

Cities in Missouri
Jasper County, Missouri
Bonsai Kitten was a satirical website which claimed that you could make a "shaped" cat by putting a kitten in a jar and letting it grow into the shape of the jar. It was named after bonsai, a Japanese art in which trees are shaped. The site was made by a university student with the nickname "Dr. Michael Wong Chang". The site claimed that many different shapes and "containment vessels" are possible, including a cube, a sphere, a wire cage, and even a Klein bottle. Supposedly, the kittens are force-fed through a tube, and the kitten's anus is sealed with super glue.

Other websites 
 Bonsai Kitten (archived)

Websites
Shock sites
Hoaxes
The grey heron (Ardea cinerea) is a bird that lives in temperate parts of Europe, Asia and also parts of Africa. It has long legs and walks through shallow water looking for food. The bird's scientific name is Ardea cinerea.

The heron is intelligent, and can catch prey so large it can only swallow them with difficulty. Here a green heron uses bread as a bait for fish: YouTube Video

Ardeidae
Birds of Asia
Birds of Europe
Birds of Africa
The Goliath heron (Ardea goliath) is a large wading bird of the heron family Ardeidae. It is found in sub-Saharan Africa, with smaller numbers in Southwest Asia and South Asia.

Ardeidae
Birds of Africa
Birds of Asia
The purple heron (Ardea purpurea) is a kind of bird. It has long legs and walk through shallow water looking for food. The purple heron breeds in Africa, central and southern Europe, and southern and eastern Asia.

Ardeidae
Birds of Europe
Birds of Africa
Birds of Asia
The striated heron (Butorides striata) also known as mangrove heron, little heron or green-backed heron, is a small heron.

Ardeidae
A nauplius (plural: nauplii) is the first larval form of most crustacea. It develops from the egg, and may be followed by later stages before the adult form is reached. In some groups there can be as many as nine larval stages. Sometimes the nauplius stage is passed through in the egg, and then a later stage emerges from the egg.

References 

Crustaceans
Developmental biology
Arnold Skaaland (January 21, 1925 – March 13, 2007) was an American professional wrestler and manager, He was best known for wrestling and managing with the World Wide Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Federation. He was nicknamed "The Golden Boy". During his managing career, he managed Bob Backlund, Tony Parisi, Bruno Sammartino and Rick McGraw. He was inducted into the WWF Hall of Fame in 1994 by Bob Backlund.

Championships
Skaaland held many championships during his professional wrestling career:

Cauliflower Alley Club
Other honoree (1994)

Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was named "PWI Manager of the Year" in 1978 and 1979.

World Wide Wrestling Federation / World Wrestling Federation
Lifetime Achievement Slammy Award (1997)
WWF Hall of Fame (Class of 1994)
WWWF United States Tag Team Championship (one time) - with Spiros Arion

Other websites
Arnold Skaaland's WWE Hall of Fame profile
1925 births
2007 deaths
American professional wrestlers
Former WWE wrestlers
Sportspeople from New York (state)
WWE Hall of Fame
The Fiat Duna is an automobile made by Fiat between 1987 and 2000. It is a sedan and station wagon version of the Fiat Uno.

Engines 
 60 43 kW (58 hp)
 70 49 kW (67 hp)
 DS 44 kW (60 hp)

Duna
Front wheel drive vehicles
1980s automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
Night of Champions (2012) was a professional wrestling event that was done by World Wrestling Entertainment. It happened on September 18th, 2012 at the First Niagra Centre in Buffalo, New York. It was the 4th Annual Night of Champions event, and the 11th overall. Seven matches were played.

Matches

References

Other websites
Official Night of Champions website

2011 in professional wrestling
WWE Night of Champions
Sports in Buffalo, New York
2011 in New York (state)
21st century in Buffalo, New York
September events

es:WWE Night of Champions#2011
The 2010–11 NHL season was the 94th season of operation (93rd season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Pre-season

European exhibition games

Regular season

Standings
The Vancouver Canucks placed first overall, winning the Presidents' Trophy and home advantage throughout the playoffs. The Washington Capitals placed first in the Eastern Conference, earning home advantage in Eastern Conference playoffs.

Note: Bolded teams qualified for the playoffs.

Under NHL rules, first-place teams in each division receive a conference ranking between 1 and 3 regardless of overall points. The Pittsburgh Penguins placed fourth yet had more points than the Boston Bruins, but the Bruins placed first in the Northeast Division to get the third-place ranking.

Playoffs

The 2011 playoffs started on Wednesday, April 13, 2011, and ended with the seventh game of the Stanley Cup Final on Wednesday, June 15, 2011.
Playoff bracket
In each round, the highest remaining seed in each conference is matched against the lowest remaining seed. The higher-seeded team is awarded home ice advantage. In the Stanley Cup Final series, home ice is determined based on regular season points. Each best-of-seven series follows a 2–2–1–1–1 format: the higher-seeded team plays at home for games one and two (plus five and seven if necessary), and the lower-seeded team is at home for games three and four (and if necessary, game six).

NHL awards

Player stats

Scoring leaders 
The following players led the league in points at the conclusion of the regular season.

  
GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; +/– = Plus-minus; PIM = Penalty minutes

Leading goaltenders 
The following goaltenders led the league in goals against average at the end of the regular season while playing at least 1800 minutes.
GP = Games played; Min = Minutes played; W = Wins; L = Losses; OT = Overtime/shootout losses; GA = Goals against; SO = Shutouts; SV% = Save percentage; GAA = Goals against average

References

Other websites

2010–11 NHL season at Hockey Reference 

National Hockey League seasons
2010 in North America
2011 in North America
Dorothée Pousséo (born on February 13, 1979 in Paris, France) is a French voice actress.

She is known for being the official French voice of actresses such as Margot Robbie, Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, Brittany Murphy; as well as cartoon characters like Diane in Martin Mystery, Dee Dee in Dexter's Laboratory, and Mandy in The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy.

Biography 
Pousséo started acting when she was 8 years old, when she appeared in the play Le Malade Imaginaire with French actor Michel Bouquet.

In May 2023, she tells the media Eklecty-City that she was particularly marked by the dubbing of the film Ray. She lends her voice to the actress Sharon Warren, who plays the mother of Ray Charles in the flashbacks. She explains that the actress had such strength in her that she didn't know where to draw from to honor her interpretation.

References

Other websites

Official weblisting
Dorothée Pousséo on RS Doublage

French voice actors
Child actors
1979 births
Actors from Paris
Living people
A parallel universe is a universe that is different from the observable universe. This may be due to time travel or other things.

Parallel universe may also be:

Science, physics and philosophy
 Multiverse, the hypothetical set of multiple possible universes
 The many-worlds interpretation of quantum physics

Fiction
 Parallel universe (fiction), alternative universes, worlds, realities and dimensions in fiction
 Alternative universe (fan fiction), fiction by fan authors that deliberately change facts of the universe written about
 List of fiction employing parallel universes

Music
 Parallel Universe (4hero album)
 Parallel Universe (Garnet Crow album)
 "Parallel Universe" (song), a 2000 song by the Red Hot Chili Peppers
 Kalakala: Songs from a Parallel Universe (with a song cycle for solo cello by Serena Tideman)
Literature, movies, & television
 "Parallel Universe" (Red Dwarf), a 1988 episode of Red Dwarf
 Parallel Universes (documentary), a 2001 BBC/Horizon documentary movie
 Mirror Universe (Star Trek), a fictional parallel universe in which several Star Trek television episodes take place

Other
 Parallel Universe (company), a movie company

fi:Multiuniversumi
Teen Wolf is an American TV series. It airs on MTV and in reruns on TeenNick. Season 5 is airing June of 2015.

Premise 
Teen Wolf is about Scott McCall, who is bitten by a werewolf in the pilot. He falls in love with Allison Argent, whose family are werewolf hunters. Teaming up with his best friend, Stiles, Scott must learn to deal with being a werewolf while at high school and encountering many different obstacles and beasts.
Main cast
 Tyler Posey as Scott McCall
 Crystal Reed as Allison Argent (seasons 1-3) 
 Dylan O'Brien as Stiles Stilinski
 Tyler Hoechlin as Derek Hale (seasons 1-4) 
 Holland Roden as Lydia Martin
 Colton Haynes as Jackson Whittemore (seasons 1-2)
 Shelley Hennig as Malia Tate (recurring season 3; main seasons 4–6)
 Arden Cho as Kira Yukimura (recurring season 3; main seasons 4–5)
 Dylan Sprayberry as Liam Dunbar (recurring season 4; main seasons 5–6)
 Linden Ashby as Sheriff Stilinski (recurring seasons 1–5; main season 6)
 Melissa Ponzio as Melissa McCall (recurring seasons 1–5; main season 6)
 J.R. Bourne as Chris Argent (recurring seasons 1–5; main season 6)

Other websites 

2011 American television series debuts
2010s American television series
American comedy-drama television series
American fantasy television series
American horror television series
American teen television series
MTV programmes
Television series set in California
English-language television programs
Selena may be for:

People 
Selena, an American singer (1971-1995)
Selena y Los Dinos, the band she was in.
Selena (album), her debut album
Selena (movie), a 1997 biopic film about her life
Selena: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, a 1997 soundtrack of the film
Selena Forever, a 1999 broadway play based on her life
Selena Etc., her boutiques
Selena Gomez, an American singer and actress (b. 1992)
Selena Gomez and the Scene, the band she is in.
Odessa is a city in Texas. Odessa had 99,940 people at the 2010 census.

References 

Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
Mission is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas. 77,058 people lived there at the 2010 census.

Other websites
 City of Mission

Cities in Texas
McAllen is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas. As of the 2010 census 129,877 people lived there. It ranks #22nd as the most populous city in Texas.

References

Other websites 
 Official Website
 McAllen Convention and Visitors Bureau
 McAllen Chamber of Commerce

Cities in Texas
A municipal corporation is a term used by the local government. An incorporated town is able to create its own laws. These laws are in addition to the laws of the country, province, or state where the town is located.

Municipal corporation happens when an urban neighborhood becomes a self-governing entity under state laws. After this event, an award or declaration is presented by the municipal charter.

Municipal charters 
A municipal charters is a legal paper that establishes municipality; such as a city or town. This was created in Europe during the Middle Ages time. With a municipal charter, the new towns or cities are given rights.

Municipal charters by country

Canada 
In Canada, charters are given by the provincial authorities.

Germany 
In Germany, the municipal charters have existed since the Medieval Times.

India
India 

In India the municipal corporation has a local government that is in charge of a city population that has 200,000 people or more. Because of the panchayati raj system, the city government has to discuss with the state government. Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad have the biggest municipal corporations. Members are chosen from the wards of the city. The municipal corporations are responsible for roads, public transportation, water supply, records of births and deaths, sanitation that includes waste management, sewage, drainage and flood control, public safety services like fire and ambulance services, gardens and maintenance of buildings. Taxes is where the municipal corporations get their money from to fix problems in their cities.

Republic of Ireland 
In Ireland municipal corporations have been in Ireland since the Medieval Times. In Dublin, the municipal corporation have been there since the 13th century.
South Africa 
In Durban the municipal corporation was called the "Durban Corporation".

Sweden 
In Sweden, cities were made by the royal charter until 1951.

Philippines 
In the Philippines, cities are made by the laws enacted by a lot of national legislatures.

United Kingdom 
In the United Kingdom, cities are made by the royal letter patent.

United States 
In the United States, cities are made by the municipal charters. This is usually followed by a referendum vote.

References

Urban planning
Jorge Arias (born September 5, 1977) is a Mexican American professional wrestler. He currently works for the WWE. He is currently portraying the Sin Cara character. He was formerly known by the ring name Hunico. Before working with WWE, Arias was better known under the ring name Incognito. He mainly worked for the Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) in Mexico and Chikara in the United States. Arias first wrestled under the name "Místico"

Career
Incognito is perhaps best known in the USA for being a member of Team Mexico along with Puma, Magno, and Shocker during Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's 2006 World X-Cup Tournament. Team Mexico finished in 3rd place with Team USA in 1st place, Team Canada in 2nd place, and Team Japan in last place. As well as his career in Mexico working for AAA, he is also known for competing in Chikara, where he won both the 2008 King of Trios (alongside El Pantera and Lince Dorado) and the 2008 Rey de Voladores tournament.

In wrestling
In wrestling

 Finishing moves
 As Hunico
 Backbreaker rack spun into a Samoan drop, sometimes from the top rope
 Falling Star (High-angle senton bomb)
 Hunico Special (Leglock) – FCW
 As Sin Cara
 High-angle senton bomb
 Springboard senton bomb followed by a springboard moonsault
 As Incognito
 Incognito Especial (Leglock)
 Quebradora (Inverted Boston crab)
 Signature moves
 Double underhook backbreaker
 Hip toss into the turnbuckles
 Moonsault side slam
 Northern Lights suplex
 Roll-up transitioned into a one-armed powerbomb
 Saito suplex
 Sitout double underhook powerbomb
 Sitout inverted suplex slam
 Sitout scoop slam piledriver
 Slingshot dropkick to an opponent seated in the corner
 Slingshot somersault senton
 Tilt-a-whirl backbreaker
Championships and accomplishments
 Chikara
 King of Trios 2008 Tournament winner - (with El Pantera & Incognito)
 Rey de Voladores 2008 Tournament winner
 World Wrestling Association
 WWA World Middleweight Title (1 time) 
 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 PWI ranked him # 328 of the 500 best singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2008.

References

Other websites 
 FCW profile 
 Online World of Wrestling profile

1977 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
Former WWE wrestlers
Impact Wrestling alumni
Sportspeople from El Paso, Texas
Jonathon David Emminger (born November 8, 1983) is an American professional wrestler better known by the ring names Johnny Prime and Lucky Cannon. He is best known for working with the World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), where he appeared on NXT as Lucky Cannon and in their developmental territory, Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) as Johnny Prime.

World Wrestling Entertainment

NXT (2010) 
On June 1, 2010, it was announced that Emminger would be participating in the second season of NXT, under the name "Lucky Cannon", with Mark Henry as his mentor.

He was released from his WWE contract on August 8, 2011.

References

Other websites 
Online World of Wrestling profile 

1983 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Florida
Former WWE wrestlers
Orlando Cole (August 16, 1908 – January 25, 2010) was a cello teacher who had taught soloists and first cellists in a dozen leading orchestras. Among them are Lynn Harrell, David Cole, Ron Leonard, Owen Carman, Daniel Lee, Lorne Munroe, and Marcie Rosen. He had held master-classes all over the world and continued his seventy-five year teaching career at the Curtis Institute and Temple University with his assistant Metta Watts.

References

American cellists
1908 births
2010 deaths
American teachers
Educators from Pennsylvania
Dr. Edwin G. Krebs (June 6, 1918 – December 21, 2009) was an American biochemist. He and Edmond H. Fischer were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1992 for describing how reversible phosphorylation works as a switch to activate proteins and control different cellular processes.

References
Hughes, R. 1998. After the Prize
Krebs, E.G. Autobiography 

1918 births
2009 deaths
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners
American biochemists
American Nobel Prize winners
Scientists from Iowa
Joseph L. Goldstein (b. April 18, 1940) is a biochemist and geneticist of Jewish descent. He is from Kingstree, South Carolina. He was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (together with Michael S. Brown) for his research on the metabolism of LDL.

Other websites
Biography 

1940 births
Living people
American biochemists
American geneticists
American Nobel Prize winners
Jewish American scientists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Scientists from South Carolina
Academics from Texas
International human rights law is a series of the international laws on human rights. International human rights law is based upon the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Charter of the United Nations that declare human dignity and rights of all human being on the earth. Its fundamental philosophy and aim are to prevent war and keep world peace on the earth, with the idea of rule of law.

Human Rights law made by United Nations 
United Nations has adopted Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 to affirm all human rights. To give authority to it by international law, United Nations has adopted International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights for civil rights in 1966. Those treaties are to ensure more in detail the contents of human rights and often called "International Human Rights Bill" together with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Further, the United Nations has adopted treaties on human rights to fortify or supply them. as follow: 
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide against genocide (adopted in 1948)
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees for refugees (adopted in 1951)
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination against racism (adopted in 1965)
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women for women's rights (adopted in 1979)
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment against torture (adopted in 1984)
Convention on the Rights of the Child for children's rights (adopted in 1989)
Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families for the rights of migrant workers (adopted in 1990)
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities for the rights of persons with disability (adopted in 2006)
And also United Nations has made United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights accoding to the Vienna Declaration and the Yogyakarta Principles for LGBT rights by International Commission of Jurists and approved by the United Nations Human Rights Council in 2006.

Human Rights Law made other international organizations 
Council of Europe had adopted the European Convention on Human Rights in 1951 to ensure human rights according to Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The European Court of Human Rights is made by this Convention to realize human rights in the member countries of Council of Europe with legal force.

As well, the Organization of American States has adopted the American Convention on Human Rights in 1969 and the African Union has adopted the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights in 1981. Those Organizations also have their own Human Rights Court to ensure human rights affirmed in the Convention or Chater.
Related pages
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Council of Europe
Organization of American States
African Union

Human rights
International law
The Genocide Convention (formally Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide) is a treaty of the international human rights law on genocide created on 9 December 1948 by the United Nations. This is to prevent all form of genocide and its incitation and to show how the actors of those must be punished.

This Convention protects all ethnic groups and races of any kind of religions.

Now actor of genocide written in this convention will be judged by the International Criminal Court but there are some countries which do not ratify this Convention and international law on International Criminal Court.

Related pages
 Genocide
 International human rights law
 International Criminal Court

Genocide
Human rights
International law
1948
History of the United Nations
The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift is an 2006 action street racing movie that was produced by Neal H. Moritz and was directed by Justin Lin. The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift was released on June 16, 2006 in North America. It is the third movie in The Fast and the Furious movie series. The movie received mixed reviews with a 34% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 46 out of 100 from Metacritic.

Cast 
 Lucas Black as Sean Boswell
 Bow Wow as Twinkie
 Nathalie Kelley as Neela
 Brian Tee as Takashi
 Sung Kang as Han Lue
 Leonardo Nam as Morimoto
 Brian Goodman as Lieutenant Boswell
 Sonny Chiba as Kamata
 Zachery Ty Bryan as Clay
 Nikki Griffin as Cindy
 Jason Tobin as Earl
 Keiko Kitagawa as Reiko
 Lynda Boyd as Ms. Boswell
 Vincent Laresca as Case Worker

Release Dates

References

Other websites 
Official website
2006 action movies
American action movies
American drama movies
German action movies
Japanese action movies
Fast & Furious movies
Movies set in Tokyo
English-language movies
Japanese-language movies
Multilingual movies
Movies directed by Justin Lin
Michael Søren Madsen (born September 25, 1957) is an American actor, poet and photographer. He has been in most movies and television series, including Reservoir Dogs, Free Willy, Donnie Brasco, Kill Bill and Sin City. Madsen is also the voice actor for video games, including Grand Theft Auto III, True Crime: Streets of L.A. and DRIV3R.

Personal life
Madsen was born in Chicago, the son of Elaine (née Melson), an Emmy-winning poet, television producer and playwright, who often works for PBS, and Calvin Madsen, a firefighter. Madsen's mother left a career in corporate business to start a writing career. Madsen's paternal grandparents were Danish and his mother has Irish and Native American ancestry.  He has two sisters, Virginia Madsen and Cheri. He began acting at the Steppenwolf Theatre Company in Chicago, where he served as an apprentice under actor John Malkovich. Madsen is a housemate in Celebrity Big Brother 2012 (UK).

References
References

Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American movie producers
American photographers
American television actors
American voice actors
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
1957 births
Living people
Christopher Shannon "Chris" Penn (October 10, 1965 – January 24, 2006) was an American movie and television actor. He is known for being in movies such as  The Wild Life, Reservoir Dogs, Footloose, Rush Hour, True Romance, All the Right Moves and Pale Rider.

Early life
Penn was born in Los Angeles, California, the youngest son of Leo Penn, an actor and director, and Eileen Ryan (née Annucci), an actress. His paternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from Lithuania and Russia, and his mother was a Roman Catholic of Italian and Irish descent. According to Penn's mother, Leo Penn may have had distant Spanish ancestry, as the family's surname was originally "Piñón". His brothers are actor Sean Penn and musician Michael Penn.

References

Deaths from cardiomyopathy
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Los Angeles
1965 births
2006 deaths
The St. John's IceCaps were an American Hockey League (AHL) team based in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Previously the team was the Manitoba Moose and played in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

References

Other websites
Official website 

American Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in Canada
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
Grand Theft Auto III is a 2001 open world video game that is the third main entry of the Grand Theft Auto franchise.

Development
Due to the September 11 attacks, the police cars have been redesigned from their NYPD look to a more generic look and a mission involving hijacking a plane has been removed.

Reception
Many people at the time considered the game groundbreaking yet controversial at the same time.

2001 video games
Grand Theft Auto
Cancelled Nintendo GameCube games
Impact of the September 11 attacks
PlayStation 2 games
Windows games
Xbox games
Lawrence Bender (born October 17, 1957) is an American movie producer. He became famous when he was the producer of Reservoir Dogs in 1992. He has produced all of Quentin Tarantino's movies except Death Proof.

In the 1980s, he worked as a grip on the series Tales from the Darkside. In 1989, he produced the movie Intruder, in which leading roles are Sam Raimi and Bruce Campbell. He has also been the producer on many other successful movies including Good Will Hunting, The Mexican, the 2007 Academy Award winning movie An Inconvenient Truth, Kill Bill, Pulp Fiction, and the From Dusk Till Dawn trilogy. He was an executive producer of the Legend of Earthsea TV miniseries.

Bender makes cameo appearance in many of the movies he produces: he was a police officer chasing Mr. Pink in Reservoir Dogs, a guest billed as a "long-haired yuppie scum" in both Pulp Fiction and Four Rooms and a hotel clerk in Kill Bill Volume 2.
Since May 2005 Bender has been a blogger at The Huffington Post. He now works in Hollywood running the day-to-day operations of his own production company, Lawrence Bender Productions.  Bender has been working with Nine Inch Nails' Trent Reznor to create a television TV series based on the 2007 album Year Zero.
Filmography
 Tale of Two Sisters (1989) (producer)
 Intruder (1989) (producer)
 Reservoir Dogs (1992) (producer)
 Fresh (1994) (producer)
 Pulp Fiction (1994) (producer)
 Killing Zoe (1994) (producer)
 Four Rooms (1995) (producer)
 White Man's Burden (1995) (producer)
 Snakeland (1996) (executive producer)
 From Dusk till Dawn (1996) (executive producer)
 Good Will Hunting (1997) (producer)
 Jackie Brown (1997) (producer)
 A Price Above Rubies (1998) (producer)
 From Dusk till Dawn 2: Texas Blood Money (1999) (executive producer)
 Anna and the King (1999) (producer)
 From Dusk till Dawn 3: The Hangman's Daughter (2000) (executive producer)
 Anatomy of a Hate Crime (TV) (2001) (executive producer)
 The Mexican (2001) (producer)
 Knockaround Guys (2001) (producer)
 Lost in Oz (TV) (2002) (executive producer)
 Stark Raving Mad (2002) (executive producer)
 Nancy Drew (TV) (2002) (executive producer)
 Kill Bill (2003, 2004) (producer)
 Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights (2004) (producer)
The Survivors Club (TV) (2004) (executive producer)
 Voces inocentes (2004) (producer)
 Dr. Vegas (TV) (2004) (executive producer, "Pilot", "Limits")
 Earthsea (2004) (exeuctive producer)
 The Chumscrubber (2005) (producer)
 Build or Bust (TV) (2005) (executive producer)
 The Great Raid (2005) (producer)
 Goal! (2005) (executive producer)
 Flirt (TV) (2006) (executive producer)
 An Inconvenient Truth (2006) (producer)
 The Line-Up (TV) (2007) (executive producer)
 88 Minutes (2007) (executive producer)
 Long Island Confidential (TV) (2008) (executive producer)
 The Youngest Candidate (2008) (producer)
 Inglourious Basterds (2009) (producer)
 Countdown to Zero (2010) (producer)
References

Other websites 

Lawrence Bender

Lawrence Bender at HuffPo

1957 births
Living people
HuffPost writers and columnists
American bloggers
The Cider House Rules is a 1999 American drama movie. It is set in Maine and was produced by Richard N. Gladstein, Bob Weinstein and Harvey Weinstein and was directed by Lasse Hallström. The Cider House Rules was released on December 17, 1999 in North America. The movie is based on the novel of the same name written by John Irving. The movie received positive reviews with a 72% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 75 out of 100 from Metacritic. The movie won Best Adapted Screenplay and Michael Caine won Best Actor in a Supporting Role at the 72nd Academy Awards.
Cast 
 Tobey Maguire as Homer Wells
 Michael Caine as Dr. Wilbur Larch
 Charlize Theron as Candy Kendall
 Paul Rudd as Lt. Wally Worthington
 Delroy Lindo as Arthur Rose
 Erykah Badu as Rose Rose
 Heavy D as Peaches
 Kieran Culkin as Buster
 Jane Alexander as Nurse Edna
 Kathy Baker as Nurse Angela
 Kate Nelligan as Olive Worthington
 Paz de la Huerta as Mary Agnes
 J.K. Simmons as Ray Kendall
 Evan Parke as Jack
 Jimmy Flynn as Vernon
 Erik Per Sullivan as Fuzzy S.
 Skye McCole Bartusiak as Hazel
 Jessica Leigh Stern as the orphan girl on staircase in opening scene

References

Other websites 

1999 romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Maine
Movies set in the 1920s
Movies set in the 1940s
Movies directed by Lasse Hallström
The Bad Girls Club (season 6) is the sixth season of The Bad Girls Club. It aired on Oxygen on January 10, 2011.

About this season 
The season had beat ratings from the previous season. Season six also had a lot of conflicts. Some people in the area, complained to local police that the girls were screaming all night club. They also stated that their children heard curse words coming from them. Season 6 was filmed in Hollywood, California. Perez Hilton hosted the reunion specials. Guinness Book of World Records named their creed as "the tallest creed in history". In this season, there were a high number of "replacements". The season was nominated for "Favorite Reality-Show Guilty Pleasure" at the iVillage Entertainment Awards.

Cast members

Replacements

References 

2011 in American television
2011 television seasons
6
Convention against Torture is a treaty of international human rights law created by United Nations on December 10 1984 that prohibits all kind of torture, any cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment or treatment harming the person's dignity. The Convention entered into force on 26 June 1987. As of April 2022, 173 countries has ratified the Convention.

The Convention is supervised by the Committee Against Torture. 

The Convention also has the optional protocol that enables national or international organization for human rights investigators to research the prisons in a country that ratifies the protocol for knowing if any torture or inhuman treatments or punishments prohibited by the Convention are done. As of April 2022, 91 countries has ratified the protocol.

Related pages
Torture
International human rights law

References

Torture
Human rights
International law
The Bad Girls Club (season 5) (or Bad Girls Club:Miami) was the fifth season of The Bad Girls Club. It aired on Oxygen on August 3, 2010.

About this season 
Season five's debut episode had beat the previous season. It was watched by 1.34 million people. It became the #1 program for women 18-34. The season also outperformed CBS and ABC. It was declared as the "most watched" in Oxygen history. Filming was done in Maimi, Florida and South Beach, Florida. Season five also had a high number of replacement "bad girls". After the show, Lea starred in Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too (season 2).

Cast members

Replacements

References 

2010 in American television
2010 television seasons
5