Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Shenton Way is a major road in Singapore. It is part of the Central Business District (CBD) area that is found at the south of Singapore. Together with Raffles Place, it forms part of Singapore's first CBD area. This road is a one way street that starts at the junction of Cross Street, Central Boulevard and Raffles Quay and ends at Keppel Road. The road was named after Sir Shenton Thomas, the Governor of Singapore in 1934–1946, to commemorate his decision to stay in the city during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore.

This road was officially opened in 1951 and became Singapore's version of Wall Street in the 1970s when many business started building their offices there.

Buildings along Shenton Way
 8 Shenton
 DBS Building
 Marina House
 MAS Building
 One Shenton (still building)
 SGX Centre (Singapore Exchange)
 Shenton House
 Singapore Conference Hall
 UIC Building

Roads in Singapore
Sylvia Likens (January 3, 1949October 26, 1965) was a 16-year-old murder victim from Indiana. She was tortured for three months by Gertrude Baniszewski (née Van Fossan), Gertrude's children, and other young people from their neighborhood, and eventually murdered on October 26, 1965. Her parents, carnival workers, had left Likens and her sister Jenny in the care of the Baniszewski family three months before her death in exchange for $20 a week. Baniszewski, two of her children, Paula and John, and two neighborhood youths, Coy Hubbard and Richard Hobbs, were charged and convicted of the crime. Her torture and murder were described by the prosecutor in Baniszewski's trial as "the most terrible crime ever committed in the state of Indiana".

References

1949 births
1965 deaths
Torture victims
Murdered children
People murdered in the United States
Murder in the 1960s
The Tsar's Bride (Tsarskaya nevesta in Russian) is an opera by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.  It was the tenth opera the composer wrote.  The words (libretto) were written by Il’ya Tyumenev who based the story on a book called “The Tsar’s Bride" by Lev Mei.  The opera was composed in 1898.  The first performance took place in 1899 at the Moscow theater of the Private Opera of S.I. Mamontov.

Roles

The story of the opera
The story is supposed to take place in the autumn of 1572 in Moscow.  At this time Russia was ruled by a very cruel tsar called Ivan the Terrible.  Tsar Ivan had a group of people who guarded him.  They were called oprichniki.  The oprichniki were like bodyguards, but they were told to kill anybody who was not loyal to the tsar,  so they behaved like terrorists, killing, raping and stealing wherever they went.  In the opera there are also “Boyars”.  A Boyar was a nobleman.
Act 1: The Feast
Griaznoy is an oprichnik.  Although he already has a lover, Lubasha, he now decides he loves Marfa, the daughter of the merchant Sobakin.  Marfa is already engaged to be married to Lykov, a boyar.  There is much merrymaking and singing at a feast.  Then Griaznoy asks to be left alone with Bomelius, the tsar’s doctor.  He asks him to get him a love potion. Lubasha, who is hiding, hears what he says and realizes that he does not love her any more.  When the doctor goes, Griaznoy is horrible to Lubasha and tells her to go.  She now wants to talk to Bomelius.
Act 2: The Love Potion
A lot of people are coming out of church.  They talk about the autumn weather, but when the oprichniki appear they are very frightened and start talking about whom the tsar is going to choose for his bride .  Marfa talks to her friend Duniasha about how she has loved Lykov ever since they were children.  Tsar Ivan passes by.  She does not recognize him, but she is very frightened at the way the Tsar is staring at her.  Sobakin comes in with Lykov and the four of them sing about looking forward to the wedding.

Lyubasha now goes to Bomelius and asks for another magic potion which she wants to give to Griaznoi to stop him loving Marfa.  Bomelius says he will give her the potion if she will make love to him.  Lyubasha agrees and goes inside with him.
Act 3: At the wedding
At the wedding celebrations Sobakin tells Lykov that he will have to wait before his marriage to Marfa can be confirmed.  The Tsar himself is looking for a girl to marry and has asked to see Sobakin’s daughters.  Griaznoy realizes he needs to use the love potion quickly so he asks to be invited to the wedding.  At the celebration he puts the potion in Marfa’s drink.  A messenger comes with the news that the Tsar has chosen Marfa to be his wife.  Everyone is horrified and Sobakin collapses.
Sobakin is at the Tsar's palace.  He is proud because his daughter is now the Tsarevna (the Tsar’s wife) and he himself has been made a Boyar.  But he is also worried because Marfa has become very ill.  Griaznoy comes in and greets Sobakin (who are now both boyars).  He says that the person who poisoned Marfa has confessed.  Marfa rushes in and tells Griaznoi to speak.  He says that Lykov was tortured and then confessed to having poisoned Marfa.  Lykov was then executed by Griaznoi himself.  Marfa goes mad when she hears this.   In her madness she thinks Griaznoy is Lykov.  This eventually makes Griaznoy confess that he himself at put the potion into her drink.  He did not realize it was poisonous.  Lyubasha then confesses that she had put her potion in the place of Griaznoi’s potion.  She blames Griaznoy and invites him to kill her.  He kills her, then he is taken to prison to be executed. As he is taken away, Marfa, in her madness, once again mistakes Griaznoy for Lykov
.  She invites him to return the next day to visit her. Then she dies.
References
The New Kobbé’s Opera Book, ed. The Earl of Harewood and Antony Peattie; Ebury Press, London;  page 643

Compositions by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
1890s operas
Bubble sort is a simple sorting algorithm. It is simple to understand, so it is usually taught to new students. It is not as efficient as some other sorting algorithms.

Bubble sort's name comes from the fact that each item in the list “bubbles” up to where it should go, like bubbles in water.

Algorithm

The algorithm compares pairs of elements in a list. The elements that make up the pairs are next to each other. Starting at one end of the list, the two elements in each pair are compared to each other in order. That means for example, the first and second element are compared, then the second and third element, and then the third and fourth, and so on. If the elements in the current pair are out of order, then the two elements switch places. This process – of comparing two elements – is done over and over again, until the whole list is sorted. The list is sorted, when there are no more pairs that have to be swapped.
In the best case scenario, where the list was already sorted before running the algorithm, the algorithm's complexity is O(n) (Big O notation). In the worst case, where the list starts off as being sorted in reverse, O(n²).

Implementation 
In an imperative programming language, bubble sort can be implemented by using a flag variable and looping through the array's elements:
 Set the flag sorted.
 Starting at one end, consider every neighbored pair of elements in a vector one after another (in their order).
 If a pair's elements are out of order, swap them, and clear the flag sorted.
 Repeat the previous steps until sorted remains set.
Alternatively, since the greatest value ascends to the highest index within the first iteration and then has reached its final right position, two for-loops nested into one another sort the vector, too:
for top ≔ high(vector)−1 downto low(vector) do
    for current ≔ low(vector) to top do
        if vector[current] > vector[current+1] then
            exchange(vector, current, current+1)

Related pages
 Insertion sort
 Selection sort

Searching and sorting algorithms
Maundy Thursday, also known as Holy Thursday, Covenant Thursday, Great & Holy Thursday, and Thursday of Mysteries, is the Christian feast or holy day falling on the Thursday before Easter that commemorates the Last Supper of Jesus Christ with the Twelve Apostles as described in the Canonical gospels. It is the fifth day of Holy Week, and is preceded by Holy Wednesday and followed by Good Friday.

Christian holidays
Easter
Holy Saturday (from the Latin: Sabbatum Sanctum) is the day after Good Friday. It is the day before Easter and the last day of Holy week, in which Christians prepare for Easter. This day commemorates the day that Jesus Christ's body laid in the tomb.

Christian holidays
Easter
Dysaethesia aethiopica was a term to describe a mental illness. It was believed to be why Afro-American slaves were lazy.
American physician Samuel A. Cartwright described the condition in 1851. Today, dysaethesia aethiopica is considered an example of pseudoscience. Many people think it is an example of scientific racism. 

Cartwright made a statement that the illness caused people to break everything they touched. They walked about as if they were in a daze, or half asleep. They often argued with people in charge and caused disturbances. They did not feel pain, and did not react when physically punished. It affected people who did not have white (or European) people to look after them.

References

Pseudoscience
Ilya Nikolayevich Bryzgalov (Илья Николаевич Брызгалов in Russian; born June 22, 1980 in Togliatti, Russian SFSR, URS) is a former Russian professional ice hockey goaltender that played for the Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Bryzgalov has also played for the Anaheim Ducks/Mighty Ducks of Anaheim for 5 seasons, the Phoenix Coyotes for 4 seasons, the Philadelphia Flyers for 2 seasons, and the Edmonton Oilers for 20 games. He was drafted by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim with the 44th overall pick in the 2000 NHL Draft. He won the Stanley Cup with the Anaheim Ducks on June 6, 2007.

On March 4, 2014, the Oilers traded Bryzgalov to the Minnesota Wild for a fourth-round draft pick.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

1980 births
Living people
American Hockey League players
Anaheim Ducks players
Cincinnati Mighty Ducks players
Edmonton Oilers players
Minnesota Wild players
Norfolk Admirals players
Oklahoma City Barons players
Philadelphia Flyers players
Phoenix Coyotes players
Russian ice hockey goaltenders
Stanley Cup champions
Philip Henrik Hansteen (1817 – ?) was a Norwegian judge.

Hansteen was born in Moss, and graduated there as a cand.jur. (Candidate of Law) in 1840. From 1840 to 1842 he was a deputy judge at the Moss District Court in Moss. He was a judge in what was Norway's last trail that ended in pillory, making one embarrassed in public. He later worked as a "district stipendiary magistrate" of the Sør-Østerdal District Court from 1854 to 1869. He later worked at the Solør District Court from 1869 to 1879. In 1879 he became a Supreme Court Assessor for the rest of his life.

References

1817 births
Norwegian politicians
Year of death unknown
Zephyr may refer to:
 A light wind or west wind
 Zephyrus, one of the Anemoi and the Greek god of the west wind
 Zephyranthes, a plant genus whose species include the zephyr lily
 Zephyr (graffiti artist), a well-known graffiti artist from New York City
 Zephyr (protocol), an instant messenger protocol and application-suite
 Zephyr (Wooldridge), a stainless steel sculpture by Steve Wooldridge on the IUPUI campus
 Zephyr, codename of the Soviet spy Mikhail Mukasei, active from the 1940s through the 1970s
 ZEPHYR, a tobacco industry code word for lung cancer
 Zephyr, North Carolina
 Zephyr, Texas
 Ford Zephyr 1950-1972 British Ford (a car)
 A Kawasaki Zephyr motorcycle.

Transportation
Transportation

Aviation
 Advanced Aviation Zephyr, ultralight, homebuilt aircraft
 Bartlett Zephyr, light, civil aircraft of the 1940s
 Fouga Zéphyr, a carrier-capable jet trainer for the French Navy, based on the Fouga Magister
 RAE Zephyr, 1923 pusher biplane
 Qinetiq Zephyr, a solar powered unmanned air vehicle
 Zephyr, original name of the Ader Avion II, an uncompleted 1890s aircraft

Maritime
 HMS Zephyr, eight ships of the British Royal Navy
 RV Zephyr, research vessel
 USS Zephyr (PC-8), United States Navy ship
 Zephyr (dinghy), sailing dinghy
 Zephyr Seaport Liberty Cruise, sightseeing service operated by Circle Line Downtown in New York
 Zephyr (steamboat), a sternwheel steamboat of the Puget Sound Mosquito Fleet
Rail
 California Zephyr, a diesel-powered passenger train, famous for its use of Vista-Dome cars
 Denver Zephyr, passenger service between Denver and Chicago
 Kansas City Zephyr, passenger train service between Kansas City and Chicago
 Pioneer Zephyr, a diesel-powered railroad train set built in 1934 for the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
 Texas Zephyr, passenger service between Denver and Dallas

Road
 Ford Zephyr, an automobile
 Kawasaki Zephyr, a model of motorcycle
 Lincoln-Zephyr, an automobile produced 1936–1942
 Lincoln MKZ, an automobile currently in production, initially named the Lincoln Zephyr
 Mercury Zephyr, an automobile
Video games
 Zephyr, a protagonist from Resonance of Fate
 Zephyr, a character in Ratchet & Clank Future: Tools of Destruction
 The IFS Zephyr, the zeppelin that crashed at the beginning of the game Arcanum: Of Steamworks and Magick Obscura
 Zephyr motherboard, a motherboard type for a Xbox 360
 Zephyr, a jupiter djinni in the Golden Sun series
 Zephyr, the name of one of the levels in Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage! for PlayStation
 Zephyr, a hero from Heroes of Newerth
 Zephyr, a  white magic spell, that heals the health points (HP) of multiple characters during battle, from RPG's created by Hironobu Sakaguchi. His work includes the Final Fantasy series, Blue Dragon and Lost Odyssey

Businesses
 Zephyr cloth, a fabric made in Belgium
 Zephyr Technology, medical technology company
Music
 Zephyr (band), a blues-based hard rock band formed in 1968 in Boulder, Colorado
 Zephyr (Zephyr album), the band's debut album
 Zephyr (Basement Jaxx album), a 2009 EP by Basement Jaxx
 Zephyr (musical project), music by composer Elizabeth Henshaw
 The Zephyrs, an Edinburgh, Scotland-based indie band
 "The Zephyr Song", the second single from the Red Hot Chili Peppers' album By the Way
 KZFR, a community radio station in Chico, California
 WMTI, an alternative rock station (formerly known as 106.1 the Zephyr) in New Orleans, Louisiana
 "Zephyr", a song from the Mary Chapin Carpenter album The Age of Miracles

Sports
 Muskegon Zephyrs, former ice hockey team
 New Orleans Zephyrs, an AAA Pacific Coast League minor league baseball team
 Chicago Zephyrs, former name of the NBA franchise currently known as the Washington Wizards
 Zephyr skateboard team, famous 1970s skateboard team a.k.a. Z-boys
 Zephyr (garment), a garment used in competitive rowing
Fiction
 Zephyr (film), a 2010 Turkish film
 Zephyr, a ship from the reimagined Battlestar Galactica series
 Zephyr, a  character in The Hunchback of Notre Dame II
 Zephyr, a character in the children's book series Silverwing
 Zephyr, a fictional perpetual source of energy in the movie Knight and Day
 Zephyr,  a hero in the computer game Heroes of Newerth

Related pages
 Zephir (disambiguation)
Scientific racism is the use of science to support racism. In the 19th century, scientists divided humankind into different groups called "races".

For instance, the group of black people was called "Black race" or "Negroid race". Many scientists said that white people were superior to (better than) black people. In this way, scientists supported slavery and Jim Crow laws.

In the 19th century, some scientists said that Jews were a race. People like Houston Steward Chamberlain wrote that Jews were a danger to other people. Adolf Hitler read some of their books. He ordered the Holocaust in which about 6 million Jews were murdered.

Today, scientists agree that there is only one human race. Modern genetic research has shown that the idea of different races was wrong. Scientists also say that the "belief in races" is a bad thing that has caused much damage.

References 
 

 
Race
Dease Lake is a small Canadian city in British Columbia, Canada. Dease Lake is in the Northern Interior of British Columbia. Dease Lake is only a few hours from the Yukon border. Near Dease Lake is the Dease Lake Indian Reserve No. 9 which is under the governance of the Tahltan First Nation band government. Dease Lake is known for being a destination for hunting and other wilderness activities.

Other websites
Town of Dease Lake's Official website 

Settlements in British Columbia
Osoyoos is a Canadian town in British Columbia, Canada. Osoyoos is in the southern part of the Okanagan Valley in British Columbia and is also near the Washington border. The population of Osoyoos was 5,203 at the 2010 consensus. Osoyoos is pronounced "OH-SOY -OOSE" and is also historically pronounced "SOY-OOSE". NHL player Chuck Kobasew was born in Osoyoos.

Other websites
Town of Osoyoos's Official website

Cities in British Columbia
Fort Nelson is a Canadian town in British Columbia, Canada. Fort Nelson is in the newly formed Northern Rockies Regional Municipality and is also in the northeastern corner of British Columbia. The population of Fort Nelson was 4,514 at the 2006 census. Around Fort Nelson is Fort Nelson River, Muskwa River and Prophet River. The forests in Fort Nelson are part of Canada's boreal forest.

Other websites
Town of Fort Nelson's Official website

Cities in British Columbia
Total Metal is the compilation album by heavy metal band Atomkraft. It contains songs from albums published by Neat Records.

Track listing

CD 1 

 Total Metal
 Pour the Metal In
 Foliage
 Teutonic Pain
 Funeral Pyre
 Rich Bitch
 Starchild
 Warzone
 Vision of Belshazzar
 Burn in Hell
 Requiem
 Protector
 Dead Man's Hand
 Medley: This Planet Burning / Death Valley

CD 2 

 Future Warriors
 Queen of Death
 The Cage
 Demolition
 Heat and Pain
 Mode 3
 Your Mentor
 Trial by Deception
 Demolition Boyz
 Visions of Belshhazzar (Live)
 Foliage (Live)
 Annihilate the Bride
 Dance of the Immortals
 Total Metal ('83 Demo)
 Death Valley ('83 Demo)

Compilation albums
Gliding is when an object or animal goes through the air without active flight. All gliders use an aerofoil to slow their rate of descent. Glider planes have wings, and gliding animals have membranes which they stretch out. By using rising air they can prolong their stay in the air. The word 'soaring' describes this, and is also used for the sport of gliding. 

Air will rise if it is heated by the ground or if it is deflected by mountains. Improvements in aerodynamics, in instruments and in the understanding of the weather have allowed flights over great distances at high speeds. The world record distance is now over 3000 km.

Aviation
Animal locomotion
Parasomias are sleep disorders that interrupt sleep. They can be broadly classified:
Problems with arousal (NREM sleep): Sleepwalking and night terrors (Pavor nocturnus)
Problems associated with REM sleep: Nightmares, sleep paralysis
Other problems, including for example hallucinations, or eating disorders.

Sleep disorders
Psychology
Tom Glavine (born March 25, 1966) is a former baseball player who played pitcher. He won more than 300 games in his career and has won the second-most games in National League history (behind his former teammate Greg Maddux). He won one World Series with the Atlanta Braves in 1995, and was the World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP). Most of his career was with the Braves (from 1987 to 2002 and in 2008), but he also played with the New York Mets from 2003 to 2007.

Awards
As well as being the MVP of the 1995 World Series, Glavine also won the National League (NL) Cy Young Award in 1991 and 1998.

References

1966 births
American Roman Catholics
Atlanta Braves players
Living people
Major League Baseball broadcasters
New York Mets players
National League All-Stars
Sonny John Moore (born 15 January 1988) is an American electronic music producer, DJ and singer-songwriter. He is better known by his stage name, Skrillex.

Career

Early career
Moore started his first band when he was 13, which was called The Riots. He also started a second band called Hazel-rah. He joined the band "From First to Last" in 2004 when he was 16. Moore left "From First to Last" in 2007 and announced that he would be starting a solo career. He also dropped out of school at a young age.

Production career
He was signed by deadmau5 to his label, mau5trap recordings, where he released his second EP, Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites. His song "Kill Everybody" was featured in the trailer for Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception. He also made a song called "Reptile Theme" for the soundtrack to Mortal Kombat.

On 17 August 2011, Skrillex announced that he was starting his label, OWSLA.
In 2011, he was nominated for five Grammy awards. He won three for "Best Dance/Electronica Album," "Best Dance Recording," and "Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical".

He holds the world record for most Grammys won by an Electronic Dance Music artist, with 8 awards.

His song "First of the Year (Equinox)" was featured in the first episode of the Beavis and Butt-head revival. He released his fourth EP Bangarang on 23 December 2011.

He made a song titled "Bug Hunt" for the 2012 animated film Wreck-It Ralph and also made a small and brief cameo as a DJ.

The song "Make it Bun Dem" with Damian Marley was used as a looped variant and plays during the single player mission 'Kick the Hornet’s Nest' in the 2012 video game Far Cry 3.

He released his sixth EP titled Leaving on 2 January 2013 for OWSLA's subscription service called The Nest.

On 14 March 2014, Skrillex released his debut studio album Recess.

Discography

Studio albums 
Recess (2014)
Extended plays 
Gypsyhook (as Sonny) (2009)
My Name Is Skrillex (2010)
Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites (2010)
More Monsters and Sprites (2011)
Bangarang (2011)
Make It Bun Dem After Hours (2012)
Leaving (2013)

Awards

Grammy Awards

|-
|2012
|Himself
|Best New Artist
|
|-
|2012
|"Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites"
|Best Dance Recording
|
|-
|2012
|"Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites"
|Best Dance/Electronica Album
|
|-
||2012
|Benny Benassi feat. Gary Go – "Cinema (Skrillex Remix)"
|Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical
|
|-
|2012
|"First of the Year (Equinox)"
|Best Short Form Music Video
|
|-
|2012
|"First of the Year (Equinox)"
|Best Short Form Music Video
|
|-
|2013
|"Bangarang"
|Best Dance Recording
|
|-
|2013
|"Bangarang"
|Best Dance/Electronica Album
|
|-
|2013
|"Promises" (Skrillex & Nero Remix)
|Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical
|

MTV Video Music Awards
|-
|2012
|"First of the Year (Equinox)"
|Best Electronic Dance Music Video
|
|-
|2012
|"First of the Year (Equinox)"
|Best Visual Effects in a Video
|
|}

Annie Awards

|-
|2013
|"Wreck-it Ralph"
|Outstanding Achievement, Music in an Animated Feature Production
|
|}

References

Other websites
Skrillex's Official website

1988 births
American adoptees
American DJs
Grammy Award winners
Living people
Musicians from Los Angeles
Atlantic Records artists
American singer-songwriters
Chess Records was an American record label from Chicago, Illinois. It was founded by the brothers Leonard and Phil Chess. The label was important for blues, R&B, soul, gospel music and early Rock and roll. The label soon was very successful because it recorded music the major labels did not. The label was originally at 2120 S. Michigan Avenue. The site is now home of Willie Dixons Blues Heaven Foundation.

A critic said, that without Chess Record today's music would sound different. Another calls Chess Records "America's greatest blues label".
History
In 1947 Leonard Chess bought a label called Aristocrat Records. In 1950 Leonard brought in his brother Phil and they renamed tha label to Chess Records. The first release was "My Foolish Heart" b/w "Bless You" by Gene Ammon, which became a hit. In 1952 they started Checker Records for radio play because the stations only played a limited number  of songs from one label and in December 1955 the started Argo Records for jazz music. The first LP was produced in 1958.
In the beginning Leonard Chess was the producer, but later the business was handled by Ralph Bass for the gospel section and Willie Dixon for blues. Dixon wrote a lot of songs which became hits and also played bass on many recordings. The label was also famous for its session musicans who played on most of the company's Chicago soul recordings, such as drummer Maurice White and bassist Louis Satterfield, both later shaped the  funk group Earth, Wind, & Fire, guitarists Pete Cosey, Gerald Sims and Phil Upchurch, pianist Leonard Caston, later a producer with Motown and organist Sonny Thompson. 1953 they begun to work together with Sam Phillips' Memphis Recording Service. One of the musicians from Memphis was Howlin' Wolf, who did many hits for Chess.
In 1969 the label was sold to General Recorded Tape (GRT)  and 1972 the only part of the business which still existed was the recording studio, Ter-Mar Studios. In the mid-eighties the catalogue of Chess Records was sold to MCA Records. The 50th anniversary of Chess Records was celebrated by a number of Cds featuring great artist who had recorded for Chess. In the 2000s, Universal's limited-edition re-issue label, Hip-O Select began releasing a series of box-sets celebrating the work of Chess artists as Muddy Waters, Little Walter, Bo Diddley and Chuck Berry.

Cadillac Records
Chess Records was subject of the 2008 film "Cadillac Records" by Darnell Martin. Beside the portrait of Leonard Chess (Adrien Brody) it brought to the cinema the characters of Willie Dixon (Cedric the Entertainer), Muddy Waters (Jeffrey Wright), Little Walter (Columbus Short) and Etta James (Beyoncé Knowles).

List of Chess Records artists

1950s
1950s

Gene Ammons
Chuck Berry
Eddie Bo
Big Bill Broonzy
Bobby Charles
Bo Diddley
Willie Dixon (songwriter)
The Flamingos
Lowell Fulson
Benny Goodman
Buddy Guy
Dale Hawkins
Clarence "Frogman" Henry
Howlin' Wolf
Etta James
Lafayette Leake
John Lee Hooker
J. B. Lenoir
Willie Mabon
Jimmy McCracklin
Memphis Slim
Little Milton
The Moonglows
Jimmy Rogers
Little Walter
Washboard Sam
Muddy Waters
Jody Williams
Sonny Boy Williamson II

1960s

Fontella Bass
Jan Bradley
Gene Chandler
Tony Clarke
Mitty Collier
Dave "Baby" Cortez
Sugar Pie DeSanto
The Dells
Clarence 'Frogman' Henry
Knight Brothers
Denise LaSalle
Laura Lee
Ramsey Lewis Trio
Moms Mabley
Pigmeat Markham
Bobby Moore & The Rhythm Aces
James Phelps
Sidney Pinchback
The Radiants
Jackie Ross
Rotary Connection
Shel Silverstein
Billy Stewart
Sonny Stitt
Koko Taylor
Tommy Tucker
Slappy White
Larry Williams

Reading
Cohodas, Nadine (2000). Spinning Blues into Gold: The Chess Brothers and the Legendary Chess Records. New York: St. Martins.

References
References

Other websites 
 Former Chess Records Studio Historic Landmark 
 The Chess Story
  Chess Records
 Willie Dixon's Blues Heaven Foundation
Interview with Marshall Chess

Blues music
American record labels
Blues labels
Music in Chicago
1950 establishments in the United States
1950s establishments in Illinois
Physiotherapy is also called "physical therapy". It attempts to treat what limits a person's abilities to move and do things in their daily life.

It is the treatment of disease, injury, deformity or disability to improve the quality of life. Physiotherapists use exercise, hands-on techniques (including manual therapy, dry needling and trigger point therapy), patient education and various other methods.

Physiotherapists are well known for their treatment of musculoskeletal injuries such as ankle sprains, muscle injuries and tendon pain. Musculoskeletal physiotherapists are often clinic-based, however are often also working with sporting teams and also work in hospitals.
However, physiotherapists are also crucial for many conditions that you may not have realised. neurophysiotherapy plays an important role in the recovery of neurological conditions such as stroke patients and traumatic brain injury patients. Physios also play an important role in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, such as after heart surgery and in respiratory conditions such as emphysema.

Physios also play a major role in treating children, including those with cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, Down syndrome, and other chromosome-related conditions.

Benefits of Physiotherapy
Reducing or eliminating pain – therapeutic exercises and manual therapy techniques such as mobilization of joints and soft tissue or treatments such as ultrasound, taping, or electrical stimulation to relieve pain and restore muscle and joint function to reduce pain can help. This type of treatment can also prevent the pain from coming back.
 Sports injury recovery and prevention: Many sports can put you at greater risk for certain types of injuries, and physical therapists know this (such as stress fractures for distance runners). They will be able to help you create a rehabilitation or preventive workout plan that will help you return to your sport safely.
 Manage age related issues: Some age related issues like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), sciatica, osteoporosis, dementia, knee replacement, neck pain, back pain etc can be easily treated by physiotherapy.
 Avoiding surgery
 Recovery from stroke or Paralysis
 Improved balance

References 

Therapy
Healthcare occupations
List of dances:

A
Allemande

B
Ballet
Bhangra
Belly dance
Breakdance
Bharatnatyam

C
Can-can
Capoeira
Cha-cha-cha
Clog dance
Courante

D
Disco

F
Flamenco
Foxtrot

G
Gigue

H
Hula
Hiphop

I
Irish dance

J
Japanese traditional dance
Jig
Jive (dance)

K
Kathak
Kathakali

L
Line dance

M
Manipuri dance
Mazurka
Minuet
Modern dance
Moonwalk

P
Paso doble

Q
Quickstep

R
Rain dance

S
Salsa
Samba
Sarabande
Sequence dance
Street dance
Striptease

T
Tango
Tarantella
Twist (dance)
Tap dancing

V
Viennese waltz
Vogue

W
Waltz (International)

Lists
Kesennuma  is a Japanese city. It is part of Miyagi Prefecture. Kesennuma is in the northeastern part of the prefecture and faces two coasts: the Pacific coast, and Sanriku coast. Kesennuma borders the town of Minamisanriku to the south. Across the border to the north in Iwate Prefecture, it borders the cities of Ofunato and Rikuzentakata.

The city was heavily damaged on March 11, 2011 by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami and by large fires. Between 1 March and 31 August 2011, many people left Kesennuma. The population went down by about 2,500 people, or 5%.

Damage on March 11, 2011
Sister cities and friendship agreements
  Ichinoseki, Iwate Prefecture: Sister city agreement on May 1, 1997.
   Kurihara, Miyagi Prefecture
  Meguro, Tokyo. Kesennuma is a major producer of a mackerel fish called sanma. Meguro holds a large Sanma Festival each year. Kesennuma and Meguro became sister cities at that festival on September 18, 2010.
  Puntarenas, Costa Rica
  Zhoushan, People's Republic of China
  Jilin, Changyi District, People's Republic of China
  Seattle and Kesennuma have a sister port relationship.

References 

Cities in Miyagi Prefecture
The Volkswagen Transporter is a range of vans and minibuses produced by Volkswagen since 1950. Before 1990 they were air-cooled with the engine in the rear, after 1990 the engine was moved to the front and water-cooled.

First Generation (T1) 

They are often painted bright colors. They are also called the Transporter, Kombi, Bus (US) or Camper (UK).

German production stopped after the 1967 model year; however, the T1 still was made in Brazil until 1975.

Second Generation (T2) 

In late 1967, the second generation of the Volkswagen Type 2 (T2) was introduced. It was built in West Germany until 1979. In Mexico, the Volkswagen Kombi and Panel were produced from 1970 to 1994. Models before 1971 are often called the T2a (or "Early Bay"), while models after 1972 are called the T2b (or "Late Bay").

Front wheel drive vehicles
Buses
Vans
Transporter
Kett's Rebellion was a fight in Norfolk during the reign of Edward VI of England. The rebellion was led by Robert Kett of Wymondham, Norfolk. It started in July 1549.

Kett's Rebellion started in Wymondham after a small group of peasants (poor people) got together to protest against barons, who had stolen the common land, leaving the poor people to die of hunger. The leader was Robert Kett. The peasants marched 16 kilometres into Norwich and gathered on Mousehold Heath. They attracted the support of the poorer people of Norwich.

Hundreds of peasants were killed and 300 were captured and executed in Norwich. Robert Kett was captured, held in the Tower of London and then hanged at Norwich Castle on 7 December 1549.

1549
Rebellions in Europe
16th century in England
16th-century rebellions
1540s in Europe
The 1996 title PaRappa the Rapper was the first influential rhythm game. The basic design of the game became a pattern that later rhythm games followed. In 1997, Konami's Beatmania started popularity for rhythm games in Japan. The company's music division, Bemani, released many music games over the next several years. The most successful of these was dance mat game Dance Dance Revolution, which was also the only one to achieve large-scale success outside of Japan. The game's style was imitated by many other games, until the release of Harmonix's Guitar Hero. The game was inspired by similar, earlier Japanese games, but Harmonix added rock music aimed at a Western audience. The success of the game revived the genre and two hugely successful franchises were born in Guitar Hero and the later Rock Band. The success of both expanded the console video game market and its demographics. By 2008, rhythm games were considered to be one of the most popular video game genres, behind other action games
. However, because there were so many spin-offs from the core titles in 2009, there was a nearly 50% drop in sales for music games, causing them to scale-back plans for further expansion in 2010.
Definition and game design 

Rhythm game, or rhythm action, is a subgenre of action game that challenges a player's sense of rhythm, and includes dance games such as Dance Dance Revolution and other music-based games such as Donkey Konga and Guitar Hero. These games challenge the player to press the right button at the right time: the screen shows which button the player should press next, and the game awards points for being on the beat. The genre also includes games that measure both rhythm and pitch, in order to test a player's singing ability. In addition to rhythm, some games may challenge the player to control their volume by measuring how hard they press each button. While songs can be sight read without having performed them before, players usually practice to master more difficult songs and settings. Other rhythm games offer a challenge similar to that of Simon says, where the player must watch, remember, and repeat complex sequences of button-presses.
In some rhythm games, the screen will display an avatar who performs in response to the player's button-presses. However, they are usually in the background, and the avatar is less important to the player than it is to spectators. In single-player mode, the player's avatar will compete against a computer-controlled opponent, while multiplayer mode will allow two player-controlled avatars to compete head-to-head. The popularity of rhythm games has created a market for different controllers. These include a variety of controllers which look like musical instruments, such as guitars, drums, or maracas. A dance mat, for use in dancing games, requires the player to step on pressure-sensitive pads. Traditional control pads may also be used.

History

Origins and popularity in Japan (1970's - 2000)
The genre has been traced back to the electronic game Simon, invented by Howard Morrison and Ralph Baer (the latter also invented the Magnavox Odyssey) in 1978. Players take turns repeating increasingly complicated sequences of button presses and the game implemented the "call and response" mechanic used by later music video games. Dance Aerobics was released in 1987, and allowed players to create music by stepping on Nintendo's Power Pad peripheral. It has been called the first rhythm-action game in retrospect. The later PaRappa the Rapper has also been credited as the first rhythm game, as well as one of the first music games in general. The game required players to press buttons corresponding to the order they appeared on-screen; this basic mechanic would form the core of future rhythm games. The success of PaRappa the Rapper sparked popularity of the music game genre. Unlike most other games in the genre, the game also featured a completely original soundtrack and a good plot
. Konami's Beatmania, released in Japanese arcades in 1997, was a dj-themed rhythm game which featured buttons laid out like a keyboard along with a rubber pad that looked like a record. The game was a surprise hit, inspiring Konami's Games and Music Division to change its name to Bemani in honor of the game, and to then begin experimenting with other rhythm games over the next few years. One of those successes, GuitarFreaks, featured a guitar-shaped controller. While the franchise continues to receive new arcade versions in Japan, it was never strongly marketed outside of the country, allowing Harmonix to capitalize on the formula several years later with the Western-targeted Guitar Hero. Similarly, DrumMania from 1999 used a drum kit controller and could be linked with GuitarFreaks for simulated jam sessions, several years before the concept appeared in Rock Band. 1998's Pop'n Music, a game similar to Beatmania, featuring multiple colorful buttons was also successful.
Dance Dance Revolution, released in 1998, was a rhythm game in which players danced on pressure sensitive pads in time with on-screen commands. The game was highly successful not only in Japan but globally, unlike games such as GuitarFreaks, DrumMania and Beatmania (though Beatmania had some success in Europe). and pump it up in a similar rhythm game.

Released the same year, Enix's Bust a Groove revolved around similar dancing themes to Dance Dance Revolution but employed a more conventional input method. The game featured competitive one-on-one "battles" and also allowed the player more freedom than normally found in rhythm games.
Vib-Ribbon was released by NanaOn-Sha (the creator of PaRappa the Rapper) in 1999, and also did not use instrument-shaped controllers. In this game, players had to maneuver the protagonist through an obstacle course by pressing buttons at the correct time. These courses were generated in a way that depended on the background music and players could load their own music to play along. While it was praised for its unique style and timeless artistry, its simple vector graphics proved difficult to market and the game was never released in North America. Bemani's Samba de Amigo, released in 1999 and on Dreamcast in 2000, featured maraca-shaped, motion sensor controllers. The game made use of "social gaming", allowing two player gameplay and providing a spectacle for onlookers. In 2001, Taiko no Tatsujin combined traditional Japanese drums with contemporary pop music, and became highly successful in Japanese arcades
. The game was later released on consoles in the West (as Taiko Drum Master) and the franchise continues to receive new installments in Japan. Gitaroo Man featured a guitar-playing protagonist, 4 years before the release of Guitar Hero, though the game employed a conventional rather than guitar-shaped controller. Gitaroo Man'''s creator, Keiichi Yano, further created Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan, a rhythm game for the Nintendo DS using its touchscreen features, which was a highly demanded import title and led to a sequel in Japan and a Western variation of the game in Elite Beat Agents.
Popularity in the West (2001–2008)
Harmonix, a company formed from a computer music group at MIT in 1995, released Frequency in 2001. The game allowed the player to control multiple instruments and gave a feeling of more creative control. The game was well-reviewed, but its abstract style did not allow the player to give a "performance" as in other games and thus proved difficult to market. Frequency was followed by a similar game, Amplitude in 2003. Harmonix later released more socially driven, karaoke-themed music games in Karaoke Revolution and SingStar (2003 and 2004 respectively). Donkey Konga, developed by Namco for Nintendo and released in 2003 (2004 in North America) achieved widespread success due to its use of Nintendo's Donkey Kong franchise.
Guitar Hero, developed by Harmonix, was released in 2005 by then relatively unknown publisher RedOctane. The game was inspired by GuitarFreaks, but while that game had used Japanese pop music, Guitar Hero featured Western rock music. The game revived the rhythm genre which by this time had begun to get boring, flooded with Dance Dance Revolution sequels and imitators.2008. "Best Rhythm Game: Rock Band 2" . UGO. Retrieved 2009-04-29. The game had several sequels, with the franchise earning more than $1 billion in sales; the third game was the best-selling game in North America in 2007. Harmonix's later Rock Band franchise, which also earned in excess of $1 billion, used multiple instrument controllers and cooperative multiplayer, allowing players to play as a full band. The Guitar Hero franchise followed suit with Guitar Hero World Tour, developed by Neversoft rather than Harmonix. Guitar Hero installments based on specific bands, such as Metallica and Aerosmith, were later published
. Additional songs could be purchased on the internet and added to Guitar Hero and Rock Band games. Artists whose works have been featured in the games have also benefited from royalties and increased publicity, in turn generating further sales of their work. The success of the Guitar Hero and Rock Band franchises widened the console video game market and its demographics, with the popularity of the music game driving increased sales of consoles. In 2008, it was reported that the music game had become the second most popular video game genre in the U.S. (behind action, having overtaken sports), with 53% of players being female.
Analysts for the video game market considered 2009 to be critical to further success of the genre. Both the Guitar Hero and Rock Band franchises expanded in this year with new games on other gaming platforms including handheld gaming devices and mobile phones and with titles targeted towards specific genres or demographics, such as Band Hero for pop music and Lego Rock Band for younger players.  Sales of music games were down in the first half of the year, though part was attributed to fewer purchases of the instrument controllers which players had already purchased and could reuse for other games. However, though analysis had expected that United States sales of Guitar Hero 5 and The Beatles: Rock Band to be high, close to or exceeding one million units each in the first month of their release, the resulting sales numbers were lower by nearly half of the projections
. Though signs of the impact of the late-2000s recession on the video game markets were considered a factor in lower sales, it was also taken as a sign of the waning popularity of the titles, now considered to be saturating the market. As a result, analysts have lowered expectations for future music games; projections for sales of DJ Hero, a spinoff of Guitar Hero published by Activision, have been reduced from 1.6 million units in the first quarter of sales in the United Sates to only 600,000. Further contributing to the decline is the lack of innovation in the genre, as such games have not changed their basic play model over their last several games, leading to consumers becoming less likely to buy additional titles. Total sales of rhythm games, having reached $1.4 billion in 2008, reached only $700 million in 2009, with analysts predicting the market will settle at the same "healthy" $500–600 million level seen by the Call of Duty series.
Activision scaled back its 2010 Guitar Hero release schedule to just two full games, reducing the number of SKUs from 25 in 2009 to 10 in 2010. Activision has also closed some of its in-house developers, including RedOctane, Neversoft's Guitar Hero division, and Underground Development, bringing the remaining employees and assets under their own control. Viacom, which had previously paid Harmonix $150 million for their performance behind Rock Band in 2007, are now seeking to get a "substantial" refund on that amount due to the weak sales in 2009. Viacom is also seeking to further reduce costs by negotiating new deals with music publishers to reduce the costs associated with music licensing for the Rock Band series. During the third quarter of 2010, Viacom began seeking a buyer for Harmonix, recognizing they did not have the efficiency and capacity to deal with the cost of maintaining a video game developer compared with dedicated video game publishers.
The kinds of people buying games was changing and they wanted something different. Rhythm game developers tried to add new features to their games. Rock Band 3 and Power Gig: Rise of the SixString added new stringed guitar controllers. They also added kinds of game play to help players learn how to hold their fingers as if playing a real guitar.  Despite these new modes, sales of music games were still low in 2010. Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock and DJ Hero 2 sold only 86,000 and 59,000 copies in North America during their first week of sales, respectively, a sharp contrast to Guitar Hero III which had seen nearly 1.4 million units in its first week in 2008.  Analysis of music game sales through October 2010 show net sales of around $200 million through October, one-fifth of the revenue for music games for the same period in 2008, and that the market will likely not break $400 million by the end of the year. End year sales were less than $300 million.
By the end of 2010, the rhythm market, initially propped by game bundles with instrument controllers, was considered "well past its prime" and has shifted towards downloadable content and potential integration with motion control systems. Citing the downturn in rhythm games, Activision shuttered their Guitar Hero division in February 2011. Viacom completed its sale of Harmonix in late 2010 to an investment-backed group to allow it to continue developing Rock Band and Dance Central on its own. Analysts suggest that the market for these types of peripheral rhythm games may be stagnant for three to five years after which they may resurge on new consoles or based on different distribution models such as a stronger focus on downloadable content.
With the introduction of motion control to both the Xbox 360 (through Kinect) and the PlayStation 3 (through PlayStation Move) in 2010 and 2011, along with existing Wii motion control, some analysts believed the rhythm market would resurges through a new wave of dance-based video games and band-based ones that use platform-agnostic controllers to replicate real-life actions. Games such as Dance Central, Michael Jackson: The Game, and Child of Eden are all games based on the new motion sensing technology aimed to encourage more engaging dance routines. Industry pundits believe that as sales of music games requiring peripheral controllers lag, dance-based games, along with rising popularity of pop music, will continue to thrive for some time. Dancing games such as Just Dance and Dance Central boosted late-year sales; Dance Central was the top-selling game for the Kinect in North America in November 2010, and both games led to an 38% increase in sales compared to November 2009, according to NPD.
References 

 Ashcraft, Brian, Arcade Mania! The Turbo-Charged World of Japan's Games Centers (Kodansha International, 2008)
 Rollings, Andrew & Adams, Ernest, Fundamentals of Game Design'' (Prentice Hall, 2006)

Music video games
Video game genres
Earth Day is a day that is supposed to inspire more awareness and appreciation for the Earth's natural environment. It takes place each year on April 22. It now takes place in more than 193 countries around the world.  During Earth Day, the world encourages everyone to turn off all unwanted lights. On Earth day we should give something to our mother land like we can plant trees.

History  
It was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson as an environmental teach-in first held on April 22, 1970. U Thant, the Secretary-General of United Nations at that time, has recognized it. While the first Earth Day focused on the United States, The EPA ( Enviromental Protection Agency), launched by Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 countries. Its name and concept were created by John McConnell in 1960 at a UNESCO conference in San Francisco.