Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Pantera was an American heavy metal band from Arlington, Texas, in the USA. They formed in 1981, but they did not have success until the 1990 release of their fifth studio album Cowboys from Hell. From 1987 to 2003 the band consisted of members Phil Anselmo (vocals), "Dimebag Darrell" Abbott (guitar), Vinnie Paul (drums), and Rex Brown (bass). In 2003, the band broke up. On December 8, 2004, Dimebag Darrell was shot and killed by Nathan Gale during a Damageplan concert in Columbus, Ohio.

Discography 
 Metal Magic (1983)
 Projects in the Jungle (1984)
 I Am the Night (1985)
 Power Metal (1988)
 Cowboys from Hell (1990)
 Vulgar Display of Power (1992)
 Far Beyond Driven (1994)
 The Great Southern Trendkill (1996)
 Reinventing the Steel (2000)

References
References 

1981 establishments in the United States
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
American heavy metal bands
American hard rock bands
Arlington, Texas
Groove metal bands
2003 disestablishments in the United States
Musical groups established in 1981
Musical groups from Texas
Thrash metal bands
1980s establishments in Texas
21st-century disestablishments in Texas
Pan's Labyrinth (, literally The Labyrinth of the Faun) is an Academy Award-winning Spanish language fantasy movie written and directed by Mexican movie-maker Guillermo del Toro.

Pan's Labyrinth takes place in two places, known as a dual setting: in the "real world" the story is set in Spain during 1944, and tells a story of a girl named Ofelia who is given three tasks by a mysterious faun. Meanwhile, her stepfather, the Falangist Captain Vidal, hunts the Spanish Maquis, guerrillas who continued fighting the Franco regime in the region, as her pregnant mother grows ill. The alternate setting is a secret "fantasy world" that Ofelia enters through an overgrown labyrinth garden, where she meets all manner of strange and magical creatures who become central to her story. The movie uses make-up, puppetry, and CGI effects to create its creatures.
The director of this movie, Del Toro said that he thinks the story to be a fable, influenced by fairy tales, and that it focuses on and continues themes related to his earlier movie The Devil's Backbone, a spiritual sequel, though not an actual sequel. The original Spanish title refers to the mythological fauns of Roman mythology, while the English title refers specifically to the faun-like Greek god Pan (intended to help English-speakers differentiate the title from the term fawn). However, Del Toro has stated that the faun in the movie is not Pan.

The movie was first shown at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival. It was released in the United Kingdom on November 24, 2006. In the United States and Canada, the movie was given a limited release on December 29, 2006, with a nationwide release on January 19, 2007.  Pan's Labyrinth has won numerous international awards, including three Academy Awards, the Ariel Award for Best Picture, and the 2007 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form.

References
References

Other websites
 
 

2006 fantasy movies
Hugo Award winning movies
Movies set in the 1940s
Spanish fantasy movies
Mexican fantasy movies
2000s American fantasy movies
French fantasy movies
Movies directed by Guillermo del Toro
Movies set in Spain
The following is a list of rivers in Iowa, by letter:

Blue Earth River
Boone River
Boyer River
Cedar River
Chariton River
Deep River
Des Moines River (also forms part of the boundary with Missouri)
Elk River
English River
North Fabius River
Flint River
Floyd River
Fox River
Grand River
Iowa River
Little Cedar River
Little Fox River
Little Maquoketa River
Little Ocheyedan River
Little River
Little Rock River
Little Sioux River
Little Turkey River
Little Wapsipinicon River
Maple River
Middle River
Maquoketa River
Mosquito Creek
Nishnabotna River
Nodaway River
North River
Ocheyedan River
One Hundred and Two River
Platte River
Raccoon River
Rock River
Rutt Branch
Shell Rock River
Skunk River
Soldier River
South River
Squaw Creek
Tarkio River
Thompson River
Thunder River
Turkey River
Upper Iowa River
Volga River
Wapsipinicon River
Weldon River
West Fork of the Little Sioux River
Winnebago River
Wyaconda River
Yellow River

Iowa
Transubstantiation is a teaching, and also a Catholic doctrine, which says that, after a priest consecrates them, the bread and wine at the Mass  become the body and blood of Jesus, whom Christians believe is the son of God. According to the teaching of transubstantiation, although the appearance, smell, and taste of bread and wine remain, the substances of bread and wine have really changed into the body and blood of Jesus. 

Transubstantiation is also taught by some other Christian churches.

Beliefs about transubstantiation 
Christians who believe in transubstantiation believe that the bread they eat at Mass is the body of Jesus. They know that the bread still tastes like bread, looks like bread and smells like bread. It is just like bread, but it becomes the body of Jesus. The priest says prayers at Mass so that the bread and wine become the flesh and blood of Jesus.
This started when Jesus ate a meal called the Last Supper the night before he died. He said that the food his friends were eating was his body and blood. In the Gospel of Matthew 26:26, it says, "Take this [bread] all of you and eat it. This is my body which will be given up for you," which means that he would die for them. Then, in Matthew 26:27, Jesus said, "Take this [cup] all of you and drink from it. This is the cup of my blood, the blood of the new and everlasting covenant." This means that Jesus's blood would make a promise forever between God and his people. Then he said, "My blood will be shed for you and for all so that sins may be forgiven." This means that Jesus would die for everyone so their sins, or things they do wrong, could be forgiven. Then he said, "Do this in memory of me." This is Jesus commanding people to continue what he did. From that time until now, people have continued what Jesus did and it reminds them of the Last Supper.

Related pages
Eucharist

Christian theology
Children of Bodom was a Finnish melodic death metal band from Espoo in Finland. Their name comes from the Lake Bodom murders. The band members were: Alexi Laiho (lead guitar and vocals), Daniel Freyberg (rhythm guitar), Janne Wirman (keyboards), Henkka Blacksmith (bass), Jaska Raatikainen (drums).

Band members 
Last known lineup
 Alexi Laiho – lead vocals, lead guitar (1997–2019; died 2020)
 Henkka Blacksmith – bass, backing vocals (1997–2019)
 Jaska Raatikainen – drums, backing vocals (1997–2019)
 Janne Wirman – keyboards, backing vocals (1997–2019)
 Daniel Freyberg – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2016–2019)

Former
 Alexander Kuoppala – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (1997–2003)
 Roope Latvala – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2004–2015)

Timeline

Discography
Discography

Studio albums 
 Something Wild (1997)
 Hatebreeder (1999)
 Follow the Reaper (2000)
 Hate Crew Deathroll (2003)
 Are You Dead Yet? (2005)
 Blooddrunk (2008)
 Skeletons in the Closet (2009)
 Relentless Reckless Forever (2011)
 Halo of Blood (2013)
 I Worship Chaos (2015)
 Hexed (2019)

References 

Heavy metal bands
Finnish musical groups
Espoo
Musical groups established in 1993
1993 establishments in Europe
1990s establishments in Finland
Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are asteroids whose orbits are close to Earth's orbit. A few tens of thousands have been found. Sometimes one crashes into earth. We try to find out if any are going to hit Earth using Asteroid impact prediction. Two near-Earth asteroids have been visited by spacecraft: 433 Eros, by NASA's Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous probe and 25143 Itokawa, by the JAXA Hayabusa mission.

Related pages 
Near-Earth object
Asteroid impact prediction

Asteroids
Abbottabad Central is a Union Council of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is in Abbottabad city, the capital of the district, it borders the following Union Councils, Malikpura Urban to the north and west, by Salhad to the south and by Dhamtour to the east.

A part of Abbottabad Central comprises the Old Abbottabad Town, which had been originally founded in January 1853 by Major James Abbott and which in turn has two main sections the Civil Lines and the Military Cantonment. This old portion is a historical place of considerable significance to the period of the British Raj. The Old Saddar (Main/Central) Bazaar, St Luke's Church, Abbottabad, the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad, the Lady Garden Park, the Abbottabad Club and several other old British Indian Army structures are found here.

References 

Union councils of Abbottabad District
A Naib Nazim, or deputy Nazim, is an elected government official in Pakistan. The word Naib means assistant or deputy while Nazim is similar to a mayor, so a Naib Nazim is similar in to a deputy mayor.

References

Government of Pakistan
Cherbourg-Octeville is a city in France. It is in the region of Normandy, and in the Département of Manche. 43,000 people live inside the city and 117,000 near or in the city.

On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Cherbourg-en-Cotentin.

Sister cities
Cherbourg is twinned with:
  Poole, England
  Bremerhaven, Germany
  Deva, Romania

References 

Former communes in Manche
Subprefectures in France
3 Inches of Blood was a metal band from Vancouver, Canada. They were founded in 2000 and dissolved in 2015. The band's style is a mixture between Power Metal and NWOBHM of the 1970s.

Discography

Albums 
 Battlecry Under a Wintersun (2002)
 Advance and Vanquish (2004)
 Fire up the Blades (2007)
 Here Waits Thy Doom (2009)
 Long Live Heavy Metal (2012)

EPs 
 Sect of the White Worm (2001)
 Trial of Champions (2007)
 Anthems for the Victorious (2011)

Singles 
 Ride Darkhorse, Ride (2002)
 Destroy the Orcs (2003)
 Deadly Sinners (2004)
 Goatrider's Horde (2007)
 Trial of Champions EP|Trial of Champions (2007)
 Battles and Brotherhood (2009)
 Silent Killer (2010)
 Metal Woman (2012)
 Live at Mushroom: Vol. I (2013)
 Live at Mushroom: Vol. II (2013)
 Live at Mushroom: Vol. III (2013)

Other websites  
 3 Inches of Blood website 
 3 Inches of Blood on MySpace
 3 Inches of Blood  at Roadrunner Records
Canadian heavy metal bands
Canadian thrash metal bands
Power metal bands
Speed metal bands
People from British Columbia
Musical groups established in 2000
2000s establishments in Canada
Musical groups disestablished in 2015
2015 disestablishments in Canada
This is a list of rivers in Kansas:

Arikaree River
Arkansas River
Beaver Creek
Big Blue River
Black Vermillion River
Blue River (Kansas City area)
Caney River
Chikaskia River
Cimarron River
Cottonwood River
Delaware River
Elk River
Fall River
Grouse Creek
Kansas River (Kaw River)
Little Arkansas River
Little Blue River
Little Osage River
Little Walnut River
Marais des Cygnes River
Marmaton River
Medicine Lodge River
Missouri River
Neosho River
Ninnescah River
Republican River
Saline River
Salt Fork Arkansas River
Sappa Creek
Smoky Hill River
Solomon River
Spring River
Stranger Creek
Verdigris River
Wakarusa River
Walnut Creek
Walnut River
Whitewater River
Wolf River

Kansas

Kansas-related lists
This is a list of rivers in Kentucky:

Barren River
Beargrass Creek
Beech Fork (Beech Fork of the Salt River)
Big Sandy River
Blood River
Chaplin River
Clarks River
Cumberland River
Dix River
Floyds Fork (Floyds Fork of the Salt River)
Gasper River
Green River
Kentucky River
Laurel River
Levisa Fork (Levisa Fork of the Big Sandy River)
Licking River
Little Barren River
Little Kentucky River
Little River
Little Sandy River
Middle Fork Kentucky River
Mississippi River
Mud River
Nolin River
North Fork Kentucky River
Ohio River
Pond River
Red Bird River
Red River (eastern Kentucky)
Red River (western Kentucky)
Rockcastle River
Rolling Fork (Rolling Fork of the Salt River)
Rough River
Russell Fork (Russell Fork of the Big Sandy River)
Salt River
South Fork Kentucky River
Tennessee River
Tradewater River
Tug Fork (Tug Fork of the Big Sandy River)
Tygarts Creek
Wolf River

Kentucky
The following is a list of rivers in Louisiana, by letter:

A

B

C

D

F

H

L

M

N

O

P

R

S 

    

Louisiana
The following is a list of rivers in Maine, by region:

Saint John River
Saint John River
Northwest Branch Saint John River
Daaquam River
Southwest Branch Saint John River
Little Southwest Branch Saint John River
Baker Branch Saint John River
Big Black River
Shields Branch
Little Saint Roch River
Little Black River
West Branch Little Black River
Campbell Branch Little Black River
Allagash River
St. Francis River
Fish River
Red River
Birch River
North Branch Birch River
South Branch Birch River
Little River
Aroostook River
St. Croix Stream
Blackwater River
North Branch Blackwater River
South Branch Blackwater River
Machias River
South Branch Machias River
Little Machias River
Little Madawaska River
River De Chute
Meduxnekeag River
South Branch Meduxnekeag River
North Branch Meduxnekeag River
Down East
St. Croix River
Little River
Little River
Pennamaquan River
Hardscrabble River
Dennys River
Orange River
Machias River
West Branch Machias River
Crooked River
Middle River
East Machias River
Maine River
Englishman River
Chandler River
East Branch Chandler River
Sandy River
Indian River
Southwest Branch Indian River
West River
Pleasant River
Western Little River
Little River
West Branch Pleasant River
Harrington River
Mill River
Narraguagus River
West Branch Narraguagus River (Hancock County, Maine)
Little Narraguagus River
West Branch Narraguagus River (Cherryfield, Maine)
Spring River
Skillings River
Jordan River
Union River
East Branch Union River
Bog River
Middle Branch Union River
West Branch Union River
Little Bog River
Benjamin River
Penobscot Bay
Bagaduce River
Penobscot River
East Branch Penobscot River
Seboeis River
Little Seboeis River
West Branch Penobscot River
North Branch Penobscot River
South Branch Penobscot River
Passadumkeag River
East Branch Passadumkeag River
West Branch Passadumkeag River
Mattawamkeag River
East Branch Mattawamkeag River
West Branch Mattawamkeag River
Molunkus River
Piscataquis River
East Branch Piscataquis River
West Branch Piscataquis River
Sebec River
Pleasant River
East Branch Pleasant River
Middle Branch Pleasant River
West Branch Pleasant River
Stillwater River
North Branch Marsh River
South Branch Marsh River
Orland River
Narramissic River
Dead River
Passagassawakeag River
Goose River
Little River
Ducktrap River
Megunticook River
Goose River
Mid Coast
Weskeag River
Saint George River
Dead River
Back River
Oyster River
West Branch Oyster River
East Branch Oyster River
Mill River
Meduncook River
Back River
Medomak River
Back River
Goose River
Pemaquid River
Johns River
Eastern Branch Johns River
North Branch Johns River
Damariscotta River
Little River
Sheepscot River
West Branch Sheepscot River
Marsh River
Little River
Kennebec River
Kennebec River
Moose River
South Branch Moose River
East Branch Moose River
West Branch Moose River
Roach River
Dead River (also called West Branch)
North Branch Dead River
South Branch Dead River
Carrabassett River
South Branch Carrabassett River
West Branch Carrabassett River
Sandy River
South Branch Sandy River
Sebasticook River
East Branch Sebasticook River
Little River
Eastern River
East Branch Eastern River
West Branch Eastern River
Abagadasset River
Androscoggin River
Rapid River
Cupsuptic River
East Branch Cupsuptic River
Little East Branch Cupsuptic River
Kennebago River
Rangeley River
Magalloway River
Second East Branch Magalloway River
West Branch Magalloway River
Third East Branch Magalloway River
First East Branch Magalloway River
Little Magalloway River
Middle Branch Little Magalloway River
West Branch Little Magalloway River
Dead Cambridge River
Swift Cambridge River
Wild River
Pleasant River
East Branch Pleasant River
West Branch Pleasant River
Alder River
Sunday River
Sunday River
South Branch Sunday River
Bear River
Ellis River
West Branch Ellis River
Concord River
Swift River
West Branch Swift River
East Branch Swift River
Webb River
Dead River
Nezinscot River
East Branch Nezinscot River
West Branch Nezinscot River
Sabattus River
Dead River
Little Androscoggin River
Sanborn River
Little River
Muddy River
Cathance River
Cross River
Back River
Southern Maine
Morse River
Sprague River
New Meadows River
Little River
Harraseeket River
Royal River
Cousins River
Presumpscot River
Tenny River
Songo River
Bear River
Crooked River
Muddy River
Northwest River
Sticky River
Pleasant River
Little River
North Branch Little River
Piscataqua River
East Branch Piscataqua River
Fore River
Stroudwater River
South Branch Stroudwater River
Spurwink River
Scarborough River
Dunstan River
Nonesuch River
Libby River
Saco River
Old Course Saco River
Charles River
Cold River
Mad River
Middle Branch Mad River
South Branch Mad River
Little Cold River
Kezar River
Little Saco River
Shepards River
Tenmile River
West Branch Tenmile River
Ossipee River
South River
Little River
Little Ossipee River
Little River
Batson River
Kennebunk River
Mousam River
Middle Branch Mousam River
Littlefield River
Little River
Merriland River
Webhannet River
Ogunquit River
Josias River
Cape Neddick River
Little River
York River
Piscataqua River
Salmon Falls River
Little River
Great Works River
Great Works River
Neoutaquet River
The Swiss Federal Council (, , , ) is the group of seven people who are the federal government of Switzerland.  As Switzerland does not have one person as "President", the Federal Council is also the head of state.

Members 
The whole council is responsible for leading the federal administration of Switzerland, but each Councillor runs one of the seven federal ministries. As of 2023, the members of the Federal Council are, in order of seniority:

Origins and history of the Federal Council

Origins of the institution 
The Federal Council was set up by the 1848 Federal Constitution as the "supreme executive and directorial authority of the Confederation".
When the Constitution was written, constitutional democracy was still in its infancy, and the founding fathers of Switzerland had little in the way of examples. Switzerland has a long tradition of being governed by a council of representatives instead of one powerful ruler, so while they drew heavily on the U.S. Constitution for the organisation of the federal state as a whole, they opted for the council rather than the presidential system for the executive branch of government.) .

Today, only three other states, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and San Marino have more than one person act as head of state at a time. The collegial system of government is often used for government.  Many countries have a form of cabinet government with collective responsibility (that is, all ministers in the cabinet support the decision of the cabinet as a whole).
Magic formula 
After the 1959 elections a Zauberformel or "magical formula" was invented.  The formula works out how many members of the Federal Council each political party has, and showed that the Federal Council is always a voluntary grand coalition.

Based on their strengths in the Federal Assembly, the seats were distributed as follows:
 Free Democratic Party (FDP): 2 members,
 Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP): 2 members,
 Social Democratic Party (SPS): 2 members, and
 Swiss People's Party (SVP): 1 member.

The FDP and CVP  have been getting less popular, and more people have supported the SVP and SPS.  After the 2003 elections, the SVP asked for a CVP Council seat for their leader Christoph Blocher and threatened to otherwise leave the government.  After the 2007 elections Blocher was replaced by another member of the CVP, so the strength of the parties is still:

 FDP : 2 members,
 CVP : 1 member,
 SPS : 2 members, and
 SVP : 2 member.
Women on the council 
Women did not get the federal vote until 1971.  The first woman to be an official candidate was Lilian Uchtenhagen in 1983.

In total, only six out of 109 Councillors (or out of 27 Councillors elected since 1971) have been women:

The first woman Councillor, Elisabeth Kopp (FDP/PRD), elected 1984, had to resign over a scandal in 1989.
Ruth Dreifuss (SP/PS), served from 1993 to 2002, was the first woman to become President of the Confederation in 1999.
Ruth Metzler-Arnold (CVP/PDC), served from 1999 to 2003, not re-elected to 2nd term (see above).
Micheline Calmy-Rey (SP/PS), elected in 2003 and Doris Leuthard (CVP/PDC), elected in 2006, are in office as of 2007. They were both reelected in December 2007 for a four-year term.
Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf was elected in December 2007. Along with Calmy-Rey and Leuthard, the three now form the largest share of council seats occupied by women in the history of the seven-member council.

Operation of the Federal Council
Presidency 
Each year, one of the seven Councillors is elected by the Federal Assembly as President of the Confederation. The Federal Assembly also elects a Vice President. By convention, the positions of President and Vice President rotate annually, each Councillor thus becoming Vice President and then President every seven years while in office.  The same person cannot be President two years in a row, or be elected Vice President in the years after he has been President.

According to the Swiss order of precedence, the President of the Confederation is the highest-ranking Swiss official. He or she presides over Council meetings and carries out certain representative functions that, in other countries, are the business of the Head of State. In urgent situations where a Council decision cannot be made in time, he or she is empowered to act on behalf of the whole Council. Apart from that, though, he or she is a primus inter pares, having no power above and beyond the other six Councillors.
The President is not the Swiss head of state (this function is carried out by the Council acting together). However the President acts and is recognized as head of state while conducting official visits abroad, as the members of the Council never leave the country at the same time. More often, though, official visits abroad are carried out by the head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Visiting heads of state are received by all the Federal Council together.

Council meetings 
The Federal Council meets each Wednesday at the Bundeshaus in Bern, the seat of the Swiss federal government.
Apart from the seven Councillors, the following officials also attend the meetings:
Federal Chancellor Corina Casanova. As government chief of staff, she participates in the discussion but has no vote in the Council's decisions. Nonetheless, her influential position is often referred to as that of an "eighth Federal Councillor".
the Vice-Chancellor: Oswald Sigg. Sigg is the spokesman of the Federal Council and conducts the weekly press briefing after the meeting.

After the meetings, the Councillors always take lunch together. The Council also meets regularly in conclave to discuss important topics at length, and annually conducts what is colloquially referred to as its "school excursion", a day trip to some attractions in the President's home canton. In that and other respects, the Council operates not unlike a board of directors of a major corporation.
Decisions and responsibilities 
Each Federal Councillor heads a government department, much like the ministers in the governments of other countries. Colloquially and by the press, they are often referred to as ministers.  For example, the head of the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sportsis often called the "minister of defence". However, as Council members, they are not only responsible for their own department, but also for the business of their colleagues' departments as well, and for the conduct of the government and the federal administration as a whole.
Secrecy 
The meetings of the Federal Council and the result of the votes taken are not open to the public, and the records remain sealed for 50 years. This has lately been the subject of some criticism. In particular, the parties at the ends of the political spectrum argue that this secrecy is contrary to the principle of transparency. However, the Council has always said that secrecy is necessary to reach consensus and to preserve the collegiality and political independence of the individual Councillors.

Despite the secrecy rule, details of the votes and the arguments in Council are sometimes leaked to the press, resulting in (generally fruitless) investigations and criminal prosecutions of the leaking staff member.
Constitutional conventions 
Due to the Federal Council's unique nature as a voluntary grand coalition of political opponents, its operation is subject to numerous constitutional conventions. Most notable is the principle of collegiality; that is, the Councillors are supposed not to publicly criticise one another, even though they are often political opponents. In effect, they are expected to publicly support all decisions of the Council, even against their own personal opinion or that of their political party. In the eye of many observers, this convention has become rather strained after the 2003 elections (see below).

Election and composition
Election mode 
The members of the Federal Council are elected for a term of four years by both chambers of the federal parliament sitting together as the Federal Assembly. Each Councillor is elected individually by secret ballot by an absolute majority of votes. Every adult Swiss citizen is eligible, but in practice, only Members of Parliament or more rarely, members of Cantonal governments are nominated by the political parties and receive a substantial amount of votes. The voting is conducted in several rounds: in the first two rounds, anyone can enter their name; but in subsequent rounds, the person receiving the least votes is removed from the race until one candidate gains an absolute majority.
With Council seats allocated to parties by unwritten agreement (see above), Federal Council elections generally are unexciting, pleasant affairs. Usually, the party which has a seat to fill presents two candidates with mainstream viewpoints to the United Federal Assembly, which then chooses one. This was not so, however, during the 2003 election, which was the most controversial in recent memory (see also above).

Once elected, Councillors remain members of their political parties, but hold no leading office with them. In fact, they usually maintain a certain political distance from the party leadership, because under the rules of collegiality, they will often have to publicly promote a Council decision which does not match the political conviction of their party (or of themselves).
Resignation 
Once elected for a four-year-term, Federal Councillors can neither be voted out of office by a motion of no confidence nor can they be impeached. Re-election is possible for an indefinite number of terms, and it has historically been extremely rare for Parliament not to re-elect a sitting Councillor. This has only happened four times - to Ulrich Ochsenbein in 1854, to Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel in 1872, to Ruth Metzler-Arnold in 2003 and to Christoph Blocher in 2007. In practice, therefore, Councillors serve until they decide to resign and retire to private life, usually after three to five terms of office.

Status of Federal Councillors

Councillors' lives
Unlike most senior members of government in other countries, the Federal Councillors are not entitled to an official residence. Mostly, they have chosen to rent apartments or hotel suites in Bern (at their own expense); the only contemporary exception being Moritz Leuenberger, who daily commutes by train from Zürich to Bern. However, they are entitled to use the Federal Council's country estate, Lohn, for holidays; this estate is also used to host official guests of the Swiss Confederation.

Councillors can have an Army security detail if they need personal protection (in particular during official events).  But often one can meet them without any escort at all in the streets, restaurants and tramways of Bern. Councillors are also entitled to a personal bailiff (Weibel) who accompanies them, in a colourful uniform, to official events. This tradition goes back through the republican governments of the ancient Swiss cantons, right back to the lictors of the ancient Roman Republic.
The spouses of Councillors do not play an official part in the business of government, apart from accompanying the Councillors to official receptions.

Councillors' salary 
Federal Councillors draw a yearly remuneration of about CHF 400,000 (circa EUR 256,000 / USD 404,000). After completing a full term of office, they are entitled to a perennial yearly pension of half that amount after leaving office.

While Councillors are forbidden by law to hold any other post during their term of office, it is not unusual for them to accept lucrative business engagements after leaving office, e.g., on the board of directors of major Swiss corporations.

Immunity 
Federal Councillors, like Members of Parliament, enjoy absolute legal immunity for all statements made in their official capacity.
For crimes not relating to their official capacity, they can be prosecuted only with the permission of the Federal Council as a whole while in office. The prosecutor can appeal a refusal to grant permission to the Federal Assembly.

Prosecution for crimes and misdemeanors that do relate to the Councillors' official capacity requires the assent of the Federal Assembly. In such cases, Parliament can also suspend the Councillor in office (but not actually remove her or him).
Assessment and calls for change 
Historically, the collegial government of Switzerland has been assessed both internationally and nationally as exceptionally competent and stable. The Federal Council as a whole (although not individual members) has consistently maintained public approval and confidence rates in excess of sixty percent, possibly also because under the Swiss system of direct democracy, voters can vent their displeasure with government decisions when deciding individual issues at the ballot box.

However, lately there has been a growing contention that the Federal Council is often too slow to respond to the needs of the moment, too resistant to change and too weak to lead the powerful federal bureaucracy. Various changes have been proposed to address these issues, including expanding the powers of the presidency, expanding the Federal Council itself or adding a second layer of ministers between the Council and the departments. None of these proposals has yet borne fruit, however.
List of "firsts" in the Federal Council 
 
 1848: The first seven members elected: Ulrich Ochsenbein, Jonas Furrer, Martin J. Munzinger, Henri Druey, Friedrich Frey-Herosé, Wilhelm Matthias Naeff and Stefano Franscini.
 1854: First (of only four so far) sitting Federal Councillors not to be reelected, Ulrich Ochsenbein.
 1891: First Councillor of the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland, Josef Zemp.
 1893: First member whose father was a member of the Council: Eugène Ruffy, son of Victor Ruffy. In 2007, the 2nd is elected: Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf, the daughter of Leon Schlumpf.
 1911: First (and only) octogenarian in office, Adolf Deucher.
 1913: First (and only) native Romansh speaker, Felix Calonder.
 1917: First (and only) Councillor of the Liberal Party elected, Gustave Ador.
 1930: First Councillor of the Party of Farmers, Traders and Independents (BGB/PAI; now the Swiss People's Party), Rudolf Minger.
 1943: First Councillor of the Social Democratic Party, Ernst Nobs.
1983: First female candidate for the Council from a government party, Lilian Uchtenhagen (SP)
 1984: First woman Councillor, Elisabeth Kopp (FDP).
 1993: First Councillor of Jewish origin, Ruth Dreifuss (SP).
 1995: First Councillor living in a domestic partnership, Moritz Leuenberger (SP) (with architect Gret Loewensberg, whom he later married).
 1999: First woman President of the Confederation, Ruth Dreifuss (SP).
Related pages
List of members of the Swiss Federal Council (by date of election)
Composition of the Swiss Federal Council
:Category:Members of the Swiss Federal Council (alphabetical list)
List of presidents of the Swiss Confederation

Notes

References 
 
 The Swiss Confederation: A brief guide 2006 , edited by the Swiss Federal Chancellery.
 Resultate der Wahlen des Bundesrats, der Bundeskanzler und des Generals (PDF), compiled by the services of the Swiss Parliament.
 Clive H. Church (2004). The Politics and Government of Switzerland. Palgrave Macmillan. .
 Altermatt, Urs (1993). Conseil Fédéral: Dictionnaire biographique des cent premiers conseillers fédéraux. Cabédita, Yens.

Other websites 

Official Website 
Government of Switzerland
Zürich is a city in Switzerland. It may also mean:

Zürich (canton), a canton in Switzerland
Zürich (district), a district in the canton
Zurich Insurance Group a large Swiss Company, offering insurance products. It is one of the biggest insurance companies in the world.
Bengal is a divided region in South Asia that is split between two countries - Bangladesh and India. Both parts used to be united, although historically part of British India; today West Bengal is part of India and East Bengal is Bangladesh. It contains the Ganges Delta, the largest in the world.

Related pages
Bengali people
Bengali language
Bengali nationalism

Geography of Bangladesh
Geography of India
Divided regions
Colloquy could mean:
 a religious colloquy  - to settle differences of docterine or dogma.
 Colloquy (company), a loyalty marketing company in Ohio.
 Colloquy (law), a legal term
 Colloquy (IRC client), an IRC client for Mac OS X
 Colloquy (Society), an internet group for people with high IQs.
World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) has a wide range of shows all over the world, including television, movies, online, video on demand and pay-per-views.

Television and webcasts
WWE currently runs with three major shows on television. They are: Raw, Friday Night SmackDown!, WWE Superstars and ECW. WWE also airs recap shows: A.M. Raw (not in UK), The WWE Experience, Bottom Line, and Afterburn.

Since WWE's departure from Spike TV in the United States, WWE has moved Heat on to their website as a webcast, while overseas it is still shown as a regular television program. The latest episode of Heat is put up on WWE.com every Friday afternoon. Other webcasts such as WWE Rollin, WWE Sidesplitters and WWE Uncut can be found in the All Videos section of WWE.com.

World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) has had a large Web presence for years. In 1996 it was nominated for a Streaming Media Award and in 1999 for its online content.
The Four Main WWE Programs:
 WWE Raw
 WWE Friday Night SmackDown!
 Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW)
 WWE Superstars
 Current WWE Recap Shows:
 The WWE Experience
 WWE A.M. Raw (not in UK)
 WWE Bottom Line
 WWE Afterburn

International broadcasting

Australia
FOX8 is currently the only network to air all televised shows in Australia. Times for programmes are as follows and are in EST:

Raw - Wednesdays at 3:30pm, Thursday at 1:00am, Saturdays 12:00pm 
SmackDown! - Fridays at 3:30pm, Saturdays at 1:00am, Sundays at 12:00pm
ECW - Thursdays at 3:30pm, Fridays at 1:00am, Saturdays at 2:00pm 
WWE Superstars-Fridays at 2:30 pm
The WWE Experience - Saturdays at 3:00pm  
Pay Per View Events - LIVE on Main Event, replayed at 4:30pm, 8:30pm and 12:30am
Free For All - PPV Pre-Show on Main Event, aired 30 minutes before every PPV showing.

Brazil
WWE programming on Brazil is shown on FX Latin America, and later on, in December of 2007, by SBT (Brazilian Television System.)
ECW - Sundays on FX at 1PM Brazilian Time
Canada
WWE Raw - Mondays on The Score at 9:15pm starting with a countdown show a 9:00pm, replayed Tuesdays at 12:00am and 4:00pm
WWE SmackDown! - Fridays on The Score at 8:00pm ET, replayed at 12:00am
Saturday Night's Main Event (when available) - Saturdays on Global at 11:30pm
The WWE Experience (separate show from The WWE Experience) - Sundays on The Score at 7:00pm

Costa Rica
WWE Programming shows on FX Latin America are not scheduled here, Raw and SmackDown! airs trough national aircasting station Repretel Canal 11 (Repretel channel 11)
WWE Raw - Saturdays at 6:00pm
WWE SmackDown! - Sundays at 6:00pm
WWE PPV's - PPV's are aired Saturday or Sunday's night at 6:00PM, according to the relative position of the particular PPV to the other two shows aired. The respective Raw or SmackDown! chapter is aired right after the PPV.
Germany
WWE Raw - Tuesdays at 4:00pm on Premiere Sport Portal, replayed at the same day at 11:00pm
WWE ECW - Wednesdays at 4:00pm on Premiere Sport Portal, replayed at the same day at 11:00pm
WWE Bottom Line - Thursdays at 4:00pm on Premiere Sport Portal, replayed at the same day at 12:00am
WWE Afterbun - Fridays at 4:00pm on Premiere Sport Portal, replayed at the same day at 11:00pm
WWE Heat - Saturdays at 10am on Premiere Sport Portal, replayed at the same day at 12:00pm
WWE SmackDown! - Saturdays at 10:00pm on DSF
WWE PPV's - PPV's are aired live Sundays at 2:00am on Premiere Sport Portal

France
WWE Raw - Thursdays at 10:30pm on RTL9, replayed Saturdays at 8:45pm on NT1
WWE SmackDown! - Fridays at 10:25pm on NT1
New Zealand
The BOX is currently the only network to air all television shows in New Zealand.
WWE Raw - Fridays at 8:30pm, Saturdays at 9:20am & Sundays at 4:00pm
WWE ECW - Sundays at 12:30am, 3:50am & 3:05pm
WWE SmackDown! - Sundays at 5:45pm, 11:45pm & Mondays at 6:00am
WWE Saturday Night's Main Event (when available) - Sundays at 7:30pm
Free For All - PPV Pre-Show on Sky Box Office, aired 30 minutes before every PPV showing.
WWE Pay-Per-View Events - LIVE on Sky Box Office (replayed at 7:00pm).
Peru
WWE Programming shows on FX Latin America and ATV Andina de Radio Difusión in Peru.
WWE Raw - Saturdays on ATV at 6:00pm 
WWE SmackDown! - Saturdays on ATV at 7:00pm, and at 9:00pm when Saturday Night's Main Event is held.
WWE ECW - Sundays on FX Latin America 7:00pm, replays Wednesdays at 7:00pm. 
Pay-Per-View Events - Sundays on ATV at 8:00pm.
Saturdays Night's Main Event - When it is available, it airs at Saturdays on ATV at 7:00pm.
WWE Experience (not The WWE Experience) - Sundays on FX Latin America 8:00pm, replays Thursdays at 7:00pm.

Puerto Rico
SmackDown! - Sundays on is shown on WAPA-TV at 10:00pm AST
Raw -Mondays on Cablevision, Adelphia, Centennial at 9:00 pm AST.
ECW on Sci-Fi -Tuesdays on Cablevision, Adelphia, Centennial at 10:00 pm AST
WWE A.M. Raw -Saturdays on Cablevision, Adelphia, Centennial at 9:00 am AST
Philippines
In the Philippines, WWE programming is shown on Jack TV, and Associated Broadcasting Company (ABC). All times are in Philippine Standard Time
 WWE Raw - Saturdays at 6pm on Jack TV, Saturdays at 10pm on ABC
 WWE SmackDown! - Sundays at 6pm on Jack TV, Sundays at 10pm on ABC
 WWE ECW - Sundays at 5pm on Jack TV
 WWE Heat - Mondays at 6pm on Jack TV
 WWE Afterburn -  Thursdays at 6pm on Jack TV
 WWE Bottom Line - Tuesdays at 6pm on Jack TV
 The WWE Experience - Fridays at 6pm on Jack TV
 WWE 24/7 - Everyday on MAXXX

Portugal
In Portugal, WWE programming is shown on SIC Radical, and on TVI
 WWE Raw- Fridays at 10.15pm on SIC Radical, repetitions on Thursdays at 10am and Mondays at 8pm
 WWE SmackDown! -Saturdays at 9.15am on TVI
 WWE ECW- Saturdays back to back shows from 7pm to 9pm, repetitions on Fridays at 10am and Saturdays at 11am
Pay-Per-View Events -Sundays at 7pm, repetitions on Wednesdays at 10am and Saturdays at 6.30pm
Southern Africa
Raw - Sundays, etv at 5pm SAST
SmackDown! - Wednesdays, etv at 8.30pm SAST
ECW - Saturdays, etv at 5pm SAST
Bottom Line - Saturdays, 12pm on Supersport 2 SAST
Afterburn - Wednesdays, 9.30pm on Supersport 2 SAST
Pay Per View Events - Sundays at 5pm or 6.30pm on Supersport, and replayed Monday morning at 5am on M-Net SAST
South Asia
TEN Sports airs WWE programs in South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka,  Maldives, and Bhutan, etc. 
 Raw - Monday at 5pm IST, replayed on Mondays at 10:30pm and Tuesdays at 8:00am. 
 SmackDown! - Tuesdays at 5pm IST, and replayed on Tuesdays at 10:30pm and Wednesdays at 8:00am. 
 ECW - Fridays at 10:30pm IST, and replayed on Saturdays at 10:00pm. 
 Heat - Sundays at 5pm IST, and replayed on Sundays at 10:30pm and Mondays at 8:00am. 
 Afterburn - Wednesdays at 5pm IST, and replayed on Wednesdays at 10:30pm and on Thursdays at 8:00am. 
 Bottom Line - Thursdays at 5pm IST, and is replayed on Thursdays at 10:30pm and on Fridays at 8:00am. 
 The WWE Experience - Saturdays at 5pm IST, and replayed on Saturdays at 11:00pm and on Sundays 8:00am.
 Pay-Per-View Events - Sundays at scheduled time, replayed Mondays at scheduled time.

 WWE 24/7 - Mondays to Fridays at 5:30pm IST on Jetix.
Spain
 Raw - Saturdays at 12:30pm CET on Cuatro.
 SmackDown! - Sundays at 12:30pm CET on Cuatro.

United Kingdom
Most of WWE's programs are shown on Sky Sports 3 apart from WWE Experience, Saturday Night's Main Event and pay-per-views.
 Raw - Tuesdays at 2am BST, replayed Thursdays at 9pm and Fridays at 5pm. 
 SmackDown! - Fridays at 10pm, replayed on Saturdays at 10am, 5pm, 11pm and Tuesdays at 5pm. 
 Afterburn - Sundays at 8am and 9pm: the UK sees two versions with differing content; a daytime version and a "late night" version.
 Bottom Line - Saturday at 12am and 12pm: like Afterburn, the UK sees two versions with differing content; a daytime version and a "late night" version.
 The WWE Experience - Sundays at 11am, Sky One and 5pm on Sky Sports 3.
 Saturday Night's Main Event - Sky Sports 1.
 Pay-Per-View Events - Sky Sports 1 and Sky Box Office; some are free and paid by the subscription charges.
United States
Raw - Mondays on USA Network at 8pm, Wednesdays on mun2 at 9PM & Sundays at 2PM, Sundays at 4PM on Telemundo ET
Friday Night SmackDown! - Fridays on The CW and Intercontinental Television (ITV) at 8pm
ECW - Tuesdays on Sci Fi Channel at 10pm. 
A.M. RAW - Sundays on USA Network at 2AM
Saturday Night's Main Event, when held, is shown on Saturday night on NBC at 8pm
Madison Square Garden Classics, - Wednesdays on MSG Networks at 8PM and 9PM.

Former programming

WWE movies 

Since 2003, WWE has produced its own movie productions. Instead of focusing on wrestling movies, WWE produces movies that are non-wrestling related. WWE and Vince McMahon were credited for production of the movies The Scorpion King, The Rundown  and Walking Tall all starring The Rock (Dwayne Johnson).
WWE movies has since ventured in on their own, releasing, See No Evil, a horror movie, starring Kane and also The Marine, an action movie starring John Cena. WWE has also noted that Steve Austin has agreed to star in three movie deals, the first being The Condemned.

WWE 24/7 

In 2004, WWE announced a new video on demand service for digital cable users, allowing subscribers to the service access to matches in the promotion's extensive video library. The programming is broken into six sections and features classic shows, matches, and features highlighting legends of wrestling.

 The Big Ones
Classic pay-per-views and supershows.

 Hall of Fame
 Documentaries on Hall of Fame wrestlers.
 Matches featuring the wrestler of the month.

 Primetime
Monday Night Wars (full episodes of both WWE Monday Night Raw and WCW Monday Nitro.)
Episodes of past WWF/E shows.

 Shorties
Matches and memorable moments centered around the months theme.

 Specials
Documentaries and retrospectives.
Territories - ECW
Full shows from the territory days of wrestling.
History of Extreme Championship Wrestling.

Pay-per-view 

WWE is currently one of the leaders in pay-per-view content for cable and satellite television. Pay-per-views account for approximately 25% of WWE revenues. There are fourteen live shows for North America, four for United Kingdom, four for Australia and two for Japan. The pay-per-view events WWE hold currently are:
Royal Rumble
Elimanation Chamber
WrestleMania
Backlash
Judgment Day
Extreme Rules
Night of Champions
The Bash
SummerSlam
Breaking Point
Hell in a Cell
Bragging Rights
Survivor Series
T.L.C Tables, Ladders and Chairs

Related pages
WWE Video Library

References
WWE.com - Television programming 

World Wrestling Entertainment pay-per-view events
Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan is a 2006 British-American mockumentary (comedy movie) by English comedian Sacha Baron Cohen. The main character, Borat, is a rude, stupid reporter who interviews famous people and ordinary people. The movie was very popular, but also seen as wrong and offensive by some people. This is because it was seen as anti-semitic (against Jews) and racist (against black people). Sacha Baron Cohen says this is wrong and he is Jewish himself.
The movie received negative reactions of Kazakh people and the government, whereas the latter banned actor Sacha Baron Cohen from entering to Kazakhstan for his lifetime.
Plot 
The plot of the movie is about Borat and his friend going to America from Kazakhstan to make a movie about America. Borat looks very stupid and ignorant in America. Borat falls in love with Pamela Anderson after seeing her on television in his hotel. He decides to go to see her while making the movie. He meets many people along the way, interviewing them.

Other websites
 
 

2006 comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
American comedy movies
British comedy movies
English-language movies
Mockumentaries
Movies based on TV series
Movies set in Asia
Movies set in Atlanta
Movies set in Alabama
Movies set in Kazakhstan‏‎
Movies set in Texas
Movies set in Los Angeles
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in Washington, D.C.
For the television series, see Hannah Montana

Miley Ray Stewart, or Hannah Montana is a fictional character played by Miley Cyrus on the Disney Channel television show Hannah Montana. She is the main character in the series. Hannah Montana is about Miley Stewart, a teenage school girl who, at night, lives as a pop star, Hannah Montana.

Biography
Miley Stewart is an ordinary teenager who has two lives, one as a school girl, the other as a pop star, Hannah Montana. She is from Tennessee, but now lives in California with her father Robby Ray, and brother Jackson. Robby was a singer like Miley, and now lives two lives as her father, and manager and producer.

Miley's mother died when she was young.> Roxy is Hannah Montana's bodyguard who protects the family, whether they want her to or not.
When Miley arrives at Seaview Middle School, she meets her best friends, Lilly Truscott and Oliver Oken. Lilly finds out that Miley is Hannah Montana in the first episode, when she breaks into Hannah's dressing room. In the second episode, Oliver's crush on Hannah Montana is shown, and because of this, Miley tells him her secret. In the second season, she begins to go to her brother's high school with Lilly and Oliver. Because of her two lives, Miley often has problems (such as sleeping in late on a school day after a concert).

Personality
Miley's enemies are Amber Addison (Shanica Knowles) and Ashley Dewitt (Anna Maria Perez de Tagle), who are constantly mean to her and her friends, but are huge fans of Hannah Montana. Later, she gets used to her school, and meets a famous actor, Jake Ryan. She has an on and off relationship with him.
Miley is famous for saying some phrases, such as "Ya think?!" whenever someone says the obvious, and "Sweet niblets!", when worried and scared. If someone says something crazy, Miley or Hannah will say something like "'Washed up ballplayer say what?'" as in Bye Bye Ball.

Miley also has a stuffed bear named Beary who has been seen in many episodes. She has had Beary since she was three (as revealed in Me and Rico down by the schoolyard. Beary was destroyed in the episode "Bye Bye Ball", when Jackson was trying to kill a wasp, but Jackson was later able to fix him.