Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
From 2001 
 2004  Godfrey Hounsfield, English engineer and inventor (born 1919)
 2007  Merv Griffin, American television host and game show creator (born 1925)
 2007  Mike Wieringo, American comic book artist (born 1963)
 2010  Isaac Bonewits, American writer and activist (born 1949)
 2010  Guido de Marco, President of Malta (born 1931)
 2013  Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau, Dutch royal (born 1968)
 2013  Tompall Glaser, American country music singer (born 1933)
 2013  Vasiliy Mihaylovich Peskov, Russian writer (born 1930)
 2013  David McLetchie, Scottish politician (born 1952)
 2014  Lauren Bacall, American actress (born 1924)
 2014  Abel Laudonio, Argentine boxer and actor (born 1938)
 2014  Arlene Martel, American actress (born 1936)
 2015  Jaakko Hintikka, Finnish philosopher (born 1929)
 2015  Stephen Lewis, English actor (born 1926)
 2015  Meshulim Feish Lowy, Hungarian-Canadian rabbi (born 1921)
 2017  Heather Heyer, American counter-protestor (born 1985)
2017  Bryan Murray, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1942)
 2018  Samir Amin, Egyptian-French economist (born 1931)
 2018  Kazimiera Utrata, Polish actress (born 1932)
 2019  DJ Arafat, Ivorian DJ and musician (born 1986)
 2019  José Luis Brown, Argentine footballer (born 1956)
 2019  Florin Halagian, Romanian footballer and manager (born 1939)
 2019  Jim Marsh, American basketball player (born 1946)
 2019  Hussein Salem, Egyptian-Spanish businessman (born 1933)
 2019  Jan Simonsen, Norwegian politician (born 1953)
Astronomical events and holidays 
 The Annual Perseid Meteor Shower occurs around this date.
 Mother's Day (Thailand)
 Glorious Twelfth (United Kingdom)
 International Youth Day (United Nations)

Days of the year
1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday in the Gregorian calendar, and a common year starting on Monday in the Julian calendar.

Births

January 

 January 2 – Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse, German type designer and educator
 January 15 – Gamal Abdel Nasser, 2nd President of Egypt (d. 1970)
 January 15 – João Figueiredo, President of Brazil (d. 1999)
 January 26 – Nicolae Ceausescu, President of Romania (d. 1989)

February 

 February 4 – Ida Lupino, British actress (d. 1995)
 February 22 – Robert Wadlow, American record holder, world's tallest man (d. 1940)
 February 26 – Otis R. Bowen, American politician, Governor of Indiana from 1973 to 1981 (d. 2013)

March 

 March 1 – João Goulart, 24th President of Brazil (d. 1976)
 March 5 – James Tobin, American economist (d. 2002)
 March 29 – Sam Walton, American businessman, Wal-Mart (d. 1992)

April 

 April 8 – Betty Ford, American First Lady, wife of Gerald Ford (d. 2011)
 April 17 – William Holden, American actor (d. 1981)
May 
 May 25 – Edith Massey, American actress (d. 1984)

June

July 

 July 4 – Ann Landers, American writer and advice columnist (d. 2002)
 July 14 – Ingmar Bergman Swedish movie director (d. 2007)
 July 18 – Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa (d. 2013)
 July 31 – Paul D. Boyer, American biochemist (d. 2018)

August 

 August 19 – Shankar Dayal Sharma, President of India (d. 1999)
 August 25 – Leonard Bernstein, American composer and conductor (d. 1990)
 August 28 – Alejandro Agustín Lanusse, President of Argentina (d. 1996)

September 
 September 4 – Paul Harvey, American radio host (d. 2009)

October 

 October 4 – Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist
 October 8 – Jens Christian Skou, Danish chemist (d. 2018)
 October 17 – Rita Hayworth, American actress (d. 1987)
 October 18 – Molly Geertsema, Dutch liberal politician, former leader of the VVD party (d. 1992)

November
November 

 November 7 – Billy Graham, American religious leader (d. 2018)
 November 9 – Spiro Agnew, 39th Vice President of the United States (d. 1996)
 November 26 – Patricio Aylwin, 31st President of Chile (d. 2016)
 November 29 – Madeleine L'Engle, American writer (d. 2007)
 November 30 - Efrem Zimbalist, Jr., American actor (d. 2014)

December 

 December 21 – Kurt Waldheim, President of Austria, Secretary-General of the United Nations (d. 2007)
 December 23 – Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of Germany from 1974 to 1982 (d. 2015)
Deaths 
 January 6 – Georg Cantor, German mathematician (b. 1845)
 January 9 – Émile Reynaud, French science teacher and maker of the first animated movies (b. 1844)
 January 28 – John McCrae, Canadian soldier and poet (b. 1872)
 February 6 – Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter (b. 1862)
 February 10 – Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Italian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1833)
 March 13 – César Cui, Lithuanian composer (b. 1835)
 March 25 – Claude Debussy, French composer (b. 1862)
 March 27 – Henry Adams, American historian (b. 1838)
 April 20 – Karl Ferdinand Braun, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1850)
 April 21 – Manfred von Richthofen, "Red Baron", German World War I pilot (b. 1892)
 May 14 – James Gordon Bennett, Jr., American newspaper publisher (b. 1841)
 May 19 – Raoul Lufbery, American World War I pilot (b. 1885)
 June 10 – Arrigo Boito, Italian poet and composer (b. 1842)
 July 3 – Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1844)
July 17 – Tsar Nicholas II | Nicholas II Alix of Hesse of Russia (b. 1868) and his family (executed)
 August 1 – John Riley Banister, law officer, cowboy, and Texas Ranger (b. 1854)
 August 18 – Henry Norwest, Canadian World War I sniper (b. 1884)
 September 3 - Fanya Kaplan, attempted assassin of Vladimir Lenin (b. 1890)
 September 12 – George Reid, fourth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1845)
 September 28 – Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)
 October 15 – Sai Baba of Shirdi, Indian saint (b. 1838)
 October 22 – Myrtle Gonzalez, American stage and screen actress (b. 1891)
 November 4 – Wilfred Owen, English poet (killed in action) (b. 1893)
 November 9 – Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)
 November 19 – Joseph Fielding Smith, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1838)
Events 
 November 11 – The Armistice ends World War I
 Fire Brigades Union founded in London
 Çanakkale Conquest
 End of German Empire
 End of Austria-Hungary
 End of German colonial Empire
 Foundation of Royal Air Force
 The Influenza pandemic of 1918 affected the United States, then lead to the world, which result to 100 million of people dead. The economic could have dropped half of the percent in the world.
It is a medium-sized animal that makes a burrow by digging holes in the ground. Wombats are usually around a metre (40 in) long when they are fully grown.  It is a kind of animal known as a marsupial because it has a pouch on its belly that holds its young, although it faces back instead of forward like most marsupials.  Having the pouch face backwards prevents dirt from building up in the pouch and hitting the offspring in the face when digging.  When its young are born they spend some time growing in their mother's pouch before going into the world.  Wombats are herbivores. They eat plants, roots, and grasses.  They are nocturnal which means they sleep in the day and come out at night. Some wombats have thick brown fur and very small ears. They can weigh from 20 to 35 kilograms (45 to 80 lb). They can live up to 7 years.
Wombats are commonly known and recognised by their waste products. They are the only known mammals that excrete feces in cubic shape. This lets people easily know when wombat habitats are nearby. It also tells simply what the wombat may have eaten by examining the feces thoroughly.

Taxonomy
 Family Vombatidae: Wombats
 Common wombat (Vombatus ursinus) 
 Southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) 
 Northern hairy-nosed wombat or yaminon (Lasiorhinus krefftii)

References

Other websites 

Wombania's Wombat Information Index
Russell The Wombat's Burrow 

Diprotodonts
Marsupials of Australia
Events

Up to 1900 
 49 BC – Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon which signalled civil war.
 9 - Beginning of the Xin dynasty in China.
 69 - Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus is appointed by Galba as Deputy Roman Emperor.
 236 - Fabian became Pope.
 1072 – Robert Guiscard conquered Palermo.
 1475 - Stephen III of Moldavia defeated the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.
 1776 – Thomas Paine published Common Sense.
 1806 – Dutch in Cape Town surrendered to the British.
 1810 – The marriage of Napoleon Bonaparte and Josephine de Beauharnais is annulled.
 1821 - Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen discovered an island near Antarctica which he names Tsar Peter I Island.
 1840 - Isaac Pitman introduced long-distance learning; his students are able to send him their work by post.
 1861 – Florida seceded from the United States.
 1863 – The first section of the London Underground Railway opened (Paddington to Farringdon Street).
 1870 – John D. Rockefeller incorporated Standard Oil.
1901  2000 
 1901 – The first great Texas gusher - oil is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
 1910 - British passenger ship Loodiana disappeared off Port Louis, Mauritius - a mystery that has not been solved to-date.
 1916 - World War I: In the Erzurum Offensive, Russia defeated the Ottoman Empire.
 1920 – League of Nations held its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.
 1922 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of the Irish Free State.
 1923 – Lithuania seized and annexed Memel.
 1927 – The movie Metropolis by Fritz Lang premiered.
 1929 – Tintin, a comic book character created by Hergé, made his debut. He went on to be published in over 200 million comic books in 40 languages.
 1941 – Lend-Lease is introduced into the U.S. Congress.
 1946 – First General Assembly of the United Nations opens in London. 51 nations are represented.
1946 - The United States Army Signal Corps successfully conducts Project Diana, bouncing radio waves off the Moon and receiving the reflected signals.
 1954 - BOAC Flight 781, a de Havilland DH. 106 Comet 1 aircraft, explodes and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea off Italy, killing 35 people.
 1957 – Harold Macmillan becomes the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
 1962 - NASA announces plans to build what would become the Saturn V rocket.
 1964 - Panama temporarily breaks off diplomatic relations with the United States. These are restored on April 3.
 1969 – After 147 years, the last issue of the Saturday Evening Post is published.
 1971 – Masterpiece Theatre debuts on PBS.
 1972 - Sheikh Mujibur Rahman becomes President of Bangladesh.
 1984 – The United States and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations.
 1985 - Daniel Ortega becomes President of Nicaragua.
 1989 – Cuban troops begin withdrawing from Angola.
 1990 – Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc.
From 2001 
 2001 – Wikipedia started as part of Nupedia. It becomes a separate site five days later.
 2005 - A ban on smoking in public places came into force in Italy.
 2005 - A mudslide occurred in La Conchita, California, killing 10 people.
 2007 - Daniel Ortega became President of Nicaragua for the second time.
 2011 - 2010-2011 Queensland floods: Severe flooding occurred in the Lockyer Valley around Toowoomba, Queensland.
 2013 - Over 100 people are killed in bomb attacks in Pakistan.
 2015 - A mass poisoning at a funeral in Mozambique involves beer that was contaminated by crocodile bile. 56 people died and 200 hospitalized.
 2015 - A traffic accident near Karachi, Pakistan, between an oil tanker truck and a passenger coach killed 62 people.
 2016 - Singer, musician and actor David Bowie died of cancer two days after his 69th birthday.

Births
Up to 1800 
 1479 - Johann Cochlaeus, German humanist (d. 1552)
 1480 - Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy, Regent of the Netherlands (d. 1530)
 1493 - Miklos Olah, Hungarian archbishop (d. 1568)
 1538 - Louise of Nassau (d. 1574)
 1573 - Simon Marius, German astronomer (d. 1624)
 1607 - Isaac Joques, French priest and missionary (d. 1646)
 1628 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)
 1654 - Joshua Barnes, English scholar (d. 1712)
 1702 - Johannes Zick, German painter (d. 1762)
 1715 - Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1775)
 1729 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (d. 1799)
 1738 - Ethan Allen, American military leader (d. 1789)
 1741 - Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain (d. 1759)
 1750 - Thomas Erskine, 1st Baron Erskine, British Lord Chancellor (d. 1823)
 1780 - Martin Lichtenstein, German physician and explorer (d. 1857)
 1797 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer and composer (d. 1848)
1801  1900 
 1803 - Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen, Prussian politician and Prime Minister (d. 1890)
 1810 - Ferdinand Barbedienne, French engineer (d. 1892)
 1810 - Jeremiah S. Black, 23rd United States Secretary of State (d. 1883)
 1812 - Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect (d. 1881)
 1834 - John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, English historian, politician and writer (d. 1902)
 1835 - Fukuzawa Yukichi, Japanese writer, teacher, translator, entrepreneur and journalist (d. 1901)
 1836 - Charles Ingalls, father of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1902)
 1840 - Louis Nazaire Bégin, Canadian archbishop and cardinal (d. 1925)
 1842 - Luigi Pigorini, Italian archaeologist and ethnologist (d. 1925)
 1843 - Frank James, American outlaw (d. 1915)
 1847 - Jacob Schiff, American banker, businessman and philanthropist (d. 1920)
 1848 - Reinhold Sadler, Prussian-born 9th Governor of Nevada (d. 1906)
 1850 - John Welborn Root, American architect (d. 1891)
 1858 - Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1925)
1859 - Francesc Ferrer i Guardia, Catalan free thinker (d. 1909)
 1864 - Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia (d. 1931)
 1865 - Mary Ingalls, sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1928)
 1873 - George Orton, Canadian athlete (d. 1958)
 1875 - Issai Schur, German mathematician (d. 1941)
 1879 - Bobby Walker, Scottish footballer (d. 1930)
 1880 - Manuel Azaña, Spanish politician (d. 1940)
 1881 - Leslie Rainey, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 1962)
 1883 - Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy, Russian writer (d. 1945)
 1883 - Nadezhda Udaltsova, Russian artist (d. 1961)
 1887 - Robinson Jeffers, American poet, dramatist and natural philosopher (d. 1962)
 1890 - Grigory Landsberg, Russian physicist (d. 1957)
 1890 - Pina Menichelli, Italian actress (d. 1984)
 1891 - Louis A. Johnson, American politician (d. 1966)
 1893 - Vicente Huidobro, Chilean poet (d. 1948)
 1898 - Katharine Burr Blodgett, American scientist and inventor (d. 1979)
1901  1925 
 1901 - Henning von Tresckow, German general and Resistance activist (d. 1944)
 1903 - Barbara Hepworth, English sculptor (d. 1975)
 1905 - Albert Arlen, Australian pianist, composer, actor and director (d. 1993)
 1908 - Bernard Lee, British actor (d. 1981)
 1910 - Jean Martinon, French conductor and composer (d. 1976)
 1911 - Prince Carl Bernadotte, Swedish royal (d. 2003)
 1912 - Maria Mandl, Austrian Concentration camp overseer, convicted Nazi war criminal (d. 1948)
 1913 - Gustav Husak, President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1991)
 1913 - Mehmet Shehu, Albanian politician (d. 1981)
 1914 - Yu Kuo-hwa, Premier of Taiwan (d. 2000)
 1915 - Dean Dixon, American conductor (d. 1976)
 1916 - Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist (d. 2004)
 1916 - Don Metz, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007)
 1917 - Jerry Wexler, American record producer and journalist (d. 2008)
 1918 - Arthur Chung, President of Guyana (d. 2008)
 1919 - Terukuni Manzo, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1977)
1920 - Georges Marchal, French actor (d. 1997)
 1920 - Richard Nelson Frye, American orientalist and historian (d. 2014)
 1920 - Rut Brandt, Norwegian-German writer, wife of Willy Brandt (d. 2006)
 1921 - Rodger Ward, American racing driver (d. 2004)
 1922 - Michel Henry, French philosopher and writer (d. 2002)
 1922 - Billy Liddell, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2001)
 1924 - Eduardo Chillida, Basque sculptor (d. 2002)
 1924 - Max Roach, American musician and composer (d. 2007)
 1925 - Peter Colotka, Slovakian academic, lawyer and politician (d. 2019)
1926  1950 
 1927 - Otto Stich, Swiss politician (d. 2012)
 1927 - Megumu Tamura, Japanese footballer (d. 1986)
 1928 - Philip Levine, American poet (d. 2015)
 1929 - Derek Hammond-Stroud, English operatic baritone
 1930 – Roy E. Disney, American businessman (d. 2009)
 1931 - Massimo Vignelli, Italian designer (d. 2014)
 1931 - Will McBride, American photographer (d. 2015)
 1931 - Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat, Malaysian politician (d. 2015)
 1931 - Ron Galella, American photographer
 1932 - Louis Rwagasore, Burundian politician
 1934 - Leonard Boswell, American politician (d. 2018)
 1934 - Leonid Kravchuk, former President of Ukraine
 1936 - Robert Woodrow Wilson, American physicist and radio astronomer
 1938 - Donald Knuth, American mathematician and computer scientist
 1938 - Lois Capps, American politician
 1939 - David Horowitz, American writer and political commentator
 1939 - Scott McKenzie, American singer (d. 2012)
 1939 - Bill Toomey, American athlete
 1939 - Davie Wilson, Scottish footballer
1940 - Walter Hill, American movie director
 1940 - Yesudas, Indian singer and classical musician
 1941 - Tom Clarke, Scottish politician
 1942 - Walter Hill, American director
 1943 - Jim Croce, American singer (d. 1973)
 1944 - Frank Sinatra, Jr., American singer (d. 2016)
 1945 – Rod Stewart, British singer
 1945 - Günther von Hagens, German anatomist
 1945 - John Fahey, 38th Premier of New South Wales
 1947 - Peer Steinbrück, German politician
 1947 - Tiit Vahi, Estonian politician
 1948 - Donald Fagan, American musician
 1948 - Mischa Maisky, Latvian cellist
 1949 - Walter Browne, Australian-American chess player (d. 2015)
 1949 - George Foreman, American boxer and entrepreneur (George Foreman Grill)
 1949 - Harald Hove, Norwegian politician (d. 2014)
 1949 - Linda Lovelace, American pornographic actress (d. 2002)
 1950 - Suchitra Bhattacharya, Indian novelist (d. 2015)
 1950 - Roy Blunt, American politician
 1950 - Barbara Orbison, German-born American record producer and music publisher (d. 2011)
1950 - Winfried Schaefer, German footballer
 1950 - Ernie Wasson, American gardener and writer
1951  1975 
 1952 - Oleh Romanishin, Ukrainian chess player
 1952 - Scott Thurston, American musician
 1953 - Pat Benatar, American singer
 1955 - Franco Tancredi, Italian footballer
 1955 - Michael Schenker, German guitarist
 1955 - Yasmina Khadra (real name Mohammed Moulessehoul), Algerian writer
 1957 - Greg Walden, American politician
 1958 - Eddie Cheever, American racing driver
 1959 - Chandra Cheeseborough, American athlete
 1959 - Samira Said, Moroccan singer
 1959 - Maurizio Sarri, Italian football manager
 1960 - Gurinder Chadha, British movie director
 1960 – Brian Cowen, former Taoiseach of Ireland
 1960 - Jurrie Koolhof, Dutch footballer (d. 2019)
 1960 - Claudia Losch, German athlete
 1961 - Evan Handler, American actor
 1961 - Janet Jones, American actress
 1961 - Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg, Italian-American violinist, writer and educator
 1963 - Kira Ivanova, Russian figure skater (d. 2001)
 1963 - Francesco Panetta, Italian runner
 1964 - Brad Roberts, Canadian singer
1965 - Hiroshi Hirakawa, Japanese footballer
 1965 - Butch Hartman, American animator
 1966 - Bert Cooper, American boxer (d. 2019)
 1966 - Murali Nair, Indian movie director
 1972 - Thomas Alsgaard, Norwegian cross-country skier
 1973 - Glenn Robinson, American basketball player
 1973 - Tanya Streeter, British freediver
 1974 - Sabrina Setlur, German rapper
 1974 - Jemaine Clement, New Zealand actor, singer and guitarist (Flight of the Conchords)
 1974 - Hrithik Roshan, Indian actor
 1974 - Bob Peeters, Belgian footballer
From 1976 
 1976 - Ian Poulter, English golfer
 1977 - Michelle O'Neill, Northern Irish politician, leader of Sinn Féin in Northern Ireland
 1978 - Gavin McCann, English footballer
 1979 - Edu, Brazilian footballer
 1979 - Anna Lesko, Romanian singer
 1980 - Nelson Cuevas, Paraguayan footballer
 1980 - Sarah Shahi, American actress
 1981 - Jared Kushner, American real estate investor, developer and publisher
 1982 - Ana Layevska, Russian-Mexican actress
 1982 - Josh Ryan Evans, American actor (d. 2002)
 1984 - Marouane Chamakh, Moroccan footballer
 1986 - Abbey Clancy, English model
 1986 - Kirsten Flipkens, Belgian tennis player
 1986 - Hideaki Ikematsu, Japanese footballer
 1986 - Chen Jin, Chinese badminton player
 1987 - César Cielo, Brazilian swimmer
 1988 - Leonard Patrick Komon, Kenyan long-distance runner
 1988 - Vladimir Zharkov, Russian ice hockey player
 1989 - Emily Meade, American actress
 1990 - Tao Li, Chinese swimmer
 1990 - César Ruiz, Peruvian footballer
1990 - Mario Innauer, Austrian ski jumper
 1991 - Romain Wattel, French golfer
 1992 - Emmanuel Frimpong, Ghanaian footballer
 1994 - Mohammed Aman, Ethiopian middle-distance runner
 2004 - Kaitlyn Maher, American actress and singer
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 314 - Pope Miltiades
 681 – Pope Agatho
 976 - John I Tzimiskes, Greek Byzantine Emperor (b. 925)
 1218 - Hugh I of Cyprus (b. 1195)
 1276 – Pope Gregory X
 1321 - Mary of Brabant, Queen of France (b. 1254)
 1645 – William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1573)
 1654 - Nicholas Culpeper, English botanist, herbalist, physician and astrologer (b. 1618)
 1662 - Prince Honoré of Monaco (b. 1597)
 1778 – Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist (b. 1707)
 1794 - Georg Forster, German scientist and revolutionary (b. 1754)
 1811 – Marie-Joseph Chénier, French poet (b. 1764)
 1824 - King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (b. 1759)
 1825 - Ioannis Varvakis, Greek national hero (b. 1745)
 1833 - Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (b. 1752)
 1855 - Mary Russell Mitford, English writer and playwright (b. 1787)
 1862 – Samuel Colt, American inventor (b. 1814)
 1863 - Lyman Beecher, American Presbyterian clergyman (b. 1775)
 1895 – Benjamin Godard, French composer (b. 1849)
1901  1950 
 1901 - James Dickson, Premier of Queensland (b. 1832)
 1905 - Karlis Baumanis, Latvian composer (b. 1835)
 1917 – William F. Cody, American frontiersman (b. 1846)
 1918 - August Oetker, German businessman (b. 1862)
 1926 - Eino Leino, Finnish writer (b. 1878)
 1934 – Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist, accused of Reichstag fire (b. 1909)
 1935 - Edwin Flack, American athlete (b. 1873)
 1941 – Frank Bridge, English composer (b. 1879)
 1941 – Joe Penner, Hungarian-born comedian and actor (b. 1904)
 1941 - Issai Schur, German mathematician (b. 1875)
 1949 - Erich von Drygalski, German geographer and polar scientist (b. 1865)
1951  2000 
 1951 – Sinclair Lewis, American writer (b. 1885)
 1951 - Yoshio Nishina, Japanese physicist (b. 1890)
 1957 – Gabriela Mistral, Chilean poet (b. 1889)
 1959 - Michael Grzimek, German nature filmmaker (b. 1934)
 1960 - Jack Laviolette, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1907)
 1961 – Dashiell Hammett, American writer (b. 1894)
 1968 - Ali Fuet Cebesoy, Turkish general and politician (b. 1882)
 1969 - Sampurnanand, Indian politician, 2nd Governor of Rajasthan (b. 1891)
 1969 - John Brownlee, American tenor (b. 1900)
 1970 – Pavel Belyayev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1925)
 1971 – Coco Chanel, French fashion designer (b. 1883)
 1972 - Aksel Larsen, Danish politician (b. 1897)
 1976 – Howlin' Wolf, American musician (b. 1910)
 1978 – Pedro Chamorro, Nicaraguan journalist (b. 1924)
 1978 - Don Gillis, American composer and conductor (b. 1912)
 1980 – George Meany, American labor leader (b. 1894)
 1981 – Katherine Alexander, American actress (b. 1898)
 1981 – Richard Boone, American actor (b. 1917)
1981 – Fawn M. Brodie, American historian (b. 1915)
 1982 – Paul Lynde, American comedian (b. 1926)
 1984 - Souvanna Phouma, Prince and Prime Minister of Laos (b. 1901)
 1985 - Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer (b. 1906)
 1986 - Jaroslav Seifert, Czech writer (b. 1901)
 1987 – Sir David Robinson, British philanthropist and entrepreneur (b. 1904)
 1990 - Tochinishiki Kiyotaka, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1925)
 1997 – Sheldon Leonard, American producer, actor and director (b. 1907)
 1997 – Elspeth Huxley, British journalist and writer (b. 1907)
 1997 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist (b. 1907)
 2000 – Sam Jaffe, American producer (b. 1901)
2001  2015 
 2003 - Julho Botelho, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
 2004 – Spalding Gray, American actor, screenwriter, and monologue artist (b. 1941)
 2004 – Alexandra Ripley, writer
 2005 – Gene Baylos, comedian
 2005 – Margherita Carosio, Italian soprano (b. 1908)
 2005 – James Forman, American Civil Rights leader (b. 1928)
 2005 – Erwin Hillier, British cinematographer (b. 1911)
 2005 – Gordon John "Jack" Horner, sports journalist
 2005 – Joséphine-Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1927)
 2007 - Carlo Ponti, Italian movie producer (b. 1912)
 2008 - Maila Nurmi, Finnish-American actress (b. 1921)
 2009 - Bill Stone, British World War I veteran (b. 1900)
 2011 - John Dye, American actor (b. 1963)
 2011 - Margaret Whiting, American actress (b. 1924)
 2014 - Zbigniew Messner, former Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1929)
 2014 - Larry Speakes, American journalist (b. 1939)
 2014 - Allard van der Scheer, Dutch actor (b. 1928)
 2014 - Marly Marley, Brazilian actress (b. 1938)
2015 - Francesco Rosi, Italian movie director (b. 1922)
 2015 - Junior Malanda, Belgian footballer (b. 1994)
 2015 - Taylor Negron, American writer, actor and painter (b. 1957)
 2015 - Harry V. Jaffa, American political philosophy professor (b. 1918)
 2015 - Walter Berns, American lawyer and political philosophy professor (b. 1919)
 2015 - Frans Bolweg, Dutch sailor (b. 1950)
 2015 - Robert Berner, American geoscientist (b. 1935)
 2015 - Robert Stone, American writer (b. 1937)
 2015 - Jorgelina Aranda, Argentine model, actress and singer (b. 1942)
 2015 - Elemér Hankiss, Hungarian sociologist (b. 1928)
 2015 - Inge Vermeulen, Brazilian-Dutch field hockey player (b. 1985)
From 2016 
 2016 - Abbas Bahri, Tunisian mathematician (b. 1954)
 2016 - Wim Bleijenberg, Dutch footballer (b. 1930)
 2016 - Cornelis Zitman, Dutch sculptor (b. 1926)
 2016 - Bob Oatley, Australian businessman, winemaker and yachtsman (b. 1928)
 2016 - David Bowie, English singer, musician and actor (b. 1947)
 2016 - Ann Z. Caracristi, American cryptographer (b. 1921)
 2016 - Teofil Codreanu, Romanian footballer (b. 1941)
 2016 - Jeanne Cordova, American LGBT activist (b. 1948)
 2016 - Ulrich Hahnen, German politician (b. 1952)
 2016 - Ralph Hauenstein, American philanthropist and businessman (b. 1912)
 2016 - George Jonas, Hungarian-Canadian writer, poet and journalist (b. 1935)
 2016 - Kalevi Lehtovirta, Finnish footballer (b. 1928)
 2016 - Yusuf Zuayyin, Prime Minister of Syria (b. 1931)
 2017 - Buddy Greco, American singer and actor (b. 1926)
 2017 - Roman Herzog, President of Germany (b. 1934)
 2017 - Clare Hollingworth, English journalist (b. 1911)
2017 - Oliver Smithies, English-American geneticist (b. 1925)
 2017 - Hiag Akmakjian, American writer, painter and photographer (b. 1926)
 2017 - Ronald Buxton, British politician (b. 1923)
 2017 - Ryszard Parulski, Polish fencer (b. 1938)
 2017 - Manlio Rocchetti, Italian make-up artist (b. 1943)
 2017 - Tony Rosato, Italian-born Canadian actor (b. 1954)
 2017 - Kenny Wharram, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1933)
 2018 - Eddie Clarke, English guitarist (b. 1950)
 2018 - Mikhail Derzhavin, Russian actor (b. 1936)
 2018 - Tom Luken, American politician (b. 1925)
 2018 - Doreen Tracey, English-born American actress (b. 1943)
 2019 - Theo Adam, German opera singer (b. 1926)
 2019 - Dianne Oxberry, English broadcaster (b. 1967)
 2019 - Lionel Price, English basketball player (b. 1927)
Observances 
 Majority Rule Day (Bahamas)

Days of the year
Newell Convers Wyeth (October 22, 1882 – October 19, 1945) was an American painter and book illustrator. He was born in Needham, Massachusetts. He was known for his illustrations for such books as Robin Hood, Robinson Crusoe, The Yearling, The Last of the Mohicans, and King Arthur. His daughters Henriette and Carolyn, his son, Andrew and grandson Jamie Wyeth were also painters. Wyeth's son Nathaniel was an inventor. 

Wyeth was born in Needham, Massachusetts. He died in an accident at a railway crossing in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania.

Other websites 
 Virtual tour of N.C. Wyeth's studio 
 Robinson Crusoe text with illustrations by N.C. Wyeth 
 N.C. Wyeth Biography 

1882 births
1945 deaths
Accidental deaths in Pennsylvania
American illustrators
American painters
People from Massachusetts
Turkeys are birds in the genus Meleagris. They are like a chicken but much bigger. Wild turkeys live in forests in North America and Central America. In the United States, people traditionally eat turkey on the holiday of Thanksgiving.

This genus has two species:
 Wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)
 Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata)

Naming
When people from Europe first saw turkeys in the Americas they thought the birds were a type of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). This bird had been brought to central Europe from the country of Turkey. The name of that country stuck as the name of the bird. 

The confusion with the name is also seen in the scientific name: meleagris is Greek for guinea-fowl.

References

Other websites

Turkeys
Birds of North America
Poultry
Arachnology is a science that studies arachnids. Examples of arachnids are spiders, scorpions, pseudoscorpions, and harvestmen. Ticks and mites are also arachnids but they sometimes are not included in arachnology. They are studied in acarology.

Branches of zoology
Alabama () is a state in the United States. Its capital city is Montgomery. The largest city is Huntsville. It became a state in 1819. Native American tribes such as Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek first lived in Alabama.

Geography

Alabama is the thirty-first largest state in the United States with  of total area. 3.18% of the area is water, making Alabama twenty-third in the amount of surface water, also giving it the second-largest inland waterway system in the United States. About three-fifths of the land area is a plain with a general downward slope towards the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico. North Alabama has mostly mountains, with the Tennessee River cutting a large valley creating many creeks, streams, rivers, mountains, and lakes.
The states bordering Alabama are Tennessee to the north; Georgia to the east; Florida to the south; and Mississippi to the west. Alabama has a coastline at the Gulf of Mexico, at the very southern edge of the state. Alabama ranges in height from sea level at Mobile Bay to over  in the Appalachian Mountains in the northeast. The highest point is Mount Cheaha, at a height of . Alabama's land has  of forest or 67% of the total land area. Baldwin County is the largest county in the state in both land area and water area.
Climate
The state is classified as subtropical Cfa under the Köppen climate classification. The normal yearly temperature is . Temperatures are often warmer in the southern part of the state because it is closer to the Gulf of Mexico, while the northern parts of the state, mostly in the Appalachian Mountains in the northeast, tend to be slightly cooler. Most of the time, Alabama has very hot summers and mild winters with lots of rain throughout the year. Alabama receives an average of  of rainfall annually and enjoys a lengthy growing season of up to 300 days in the southern part of the state.

Summers in Alabama are among the hottest in the United States, with high temperatures averaging over  throughout the summer in some parts of the state. Alabama also gets many tropical storms and rarely hurricanes. Areas of the state far away from the Gulf of Mexico can still feel the effects of the storms, which often dump big amounts of rain as they move inland and weaken.
Population
The number of people who live in Alabama was 5,024,279 on April 1, 2020, This is 244,543 more people living in the state than in 2010. This includes the migration of 104,991 people into the state.

Economy
According to the United States Bureau of Economic Analysis, the 2008 total gross state product was $170 billion, or $29,411 per capita. Alabama's 2008 GDP increased (went up) 0.7% from the past year. The single largest increase came in the area of information. In 1999, the per capita income for the state was $18,189.

Alabama's agricultural outputs are poultry and eggs, cattle, plant nursery items, peanuts, cotton, grains (such as corn and sorghum), vegetables, milk, soybeans, and peaches. Although known as "The Cotton State", many reports say that Alabama is between eight and ten in national cotton making, with Texas, Georgia, and Mississippi making up the top three.
Alabama's company outputs are iron and steel products (like cast-iron and steel pipe); paper, lumber, and wood items; mining (mostly coal); plastic things; cars and trucks; and apparel. Alabama also makes aerospace and electronic products, mostly in the Huntsville area. Hunstville also has the Redstone Arsenal.

Education

Primary and secondary education
Public primary and secondary education in Alabama is under the review of the Alabama State Board of Education as well as local oversight by 67 county school boards and 60 city boards of education. Together, 1,479 schools have education for 743,012 elementary and secondary students.
Colleges and universities
Alabama's programs of higher education are 14 four-year public universities, two-year community colleges, and 17 private, undergraduate and graduate universities. In the state are two medical schools, University of Alabama at Birmingham and University of South Alabama, two veterinary colleges, Auburn University and Tuskegee University, a dental school, University of Alabama, an optometry college, two pharmacy schools, Auburn University and Samford University, and several law schools, Birmingham School of Law, Cumberland School of Law, Miles Law School, and the Thomas Goode Jones School of Law. Public, post-secondary education in Alabama is overseen by the Alabama Commission on Higher Education. Colleges and universities in Alabama offer degree programs from two-year associate degrees to 16 doctor level programs.
Government
The Governor of Alabama is Kay Ivey. The Lieutenant Governor is Will Ainsworth. The Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court is Tom Parker, Both the Governor and Lieutenant Governor are members of the Republican Party.

Notable people from Alabama
 Nat King Cole, singer (Montgomery)
 Rosa Parks, Civil Rights Activist (Tuskegee)
 Helen Keller, (Tuscumbia)
 Bobby Eaton, pro wrestler (Huntsville)
 Mia Hamm, soccer star (Selma)
 Harold E. Martin, newspaperman (Montgomery)
 Scott Oden, writer (Somerville)
 Spooner Oldham; songwriter, keyboardist (Center Star)
 Stanley O'Neal, chairman & CEO of Merrill Lynch (Roanoke)
 Osceola, Seminole leader (Tallassee)
 Randy Owen, lead singer- Alabama (Fort Payne)
 Jesse Owens, track and field athlete (Oakville)
 Terrell Owens, American football player (Alexander City)
 Condoleezza Rice, former U.S. Secretary of State (Birmingham)
 Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia founder (Huntsville)

Related pages
Related pages

 List of counties in Alabama
 List of law enforcement agencies in Alabama
 List of rivers of Alabama

References

 
1819 establishments in the United States
United States
Arizona is a state in the United States of America. It is considered part of the Southwestern United States and is bordered by New Mexico to the east, Utah to the north, Nevada to the northwest, California to the west, its northeast corner touches part of Colorado, this area is known as the Four Corners. To the south of Arizona is the country Mexico with which it shares a border of 389 miles (626 km). The state is called the "Grand Canyon State" and the "Copper State" as it is the home of the Grand Canyon and has produced large amounts of copper from its mineral deposits.

Arizona became a state on February 14th, 1912 and became the 48th state accepted into the United States.  The state capital is Phoenix, which also is the largest city in the state.  Phoenix is the largest capital city in the US.

Arizona is home to 22 different Native American tribes, including the Navajo (Diné), Hopi, and Tohono O'odham communities.
Climate 
Arizona's climate can be very hot. In Phoenix, the average temperature is about 107 degrees Fahrenheit (42 degrees Celsius) in summer.  Between 1970 and 1990, about 16 people per year died from “exposure to excessive natural heat”. By 2015, this had risen to 38. In 2020 it was 210, and in 2022  257 died.

Geography

Arizona is the sixth largest state in area, after New Mexico and before Nevada. Of the state's , about 15% is privately owned. The remaining area is public forest and park land, state trust land and Native American reservations.
Arizona is best known for its desert landscape.  It has plants such as the cactus. It is also known for its climate, which has very hot summers and mild west.org/hff.asp?ID1=Experience&ID2=Arizona |title=Hardwood Forest Foundation: Experience: Arizona |publisher=Hardwoodforest.org |access-date=2012-10-09 |archive-date=2011-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511184339/http://www.hardwoodforest.org/hff.asp?ID1=Experience&ID2=Arizona |url-status=dead }}</ref> The largest stand of Ponderosa pine trees in the world is in Arizona.

The Grand Canyon is a colorful, steep-sided gorge.  It is made by the Colorado River in northern Arizona. The canyon is one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World.  Most of the canyon is in the Grand Canyon National Park—one of the first national parks in the United States.
Arizona is home to a well-kept meteorite impact site. The Barringer Crater (better known simply as “Meteor Crater”) is a huge hole in the middle of the high plains of the Colorado Plateau.  It is about  west of Winslow. A rim of smashed and jumbled boulders, some of them the size of small houses, rises  above the level of the surrounding plain. The crater is nearly 1 mile (1.6 km) wide, and  deep. Meteor Crater is a popular tourist attraction. It is privately owned by the Barringer family through the Barringer Crater Company. There is an admission fee charged to see the crater.

Arizona is one of two states that does not observe Daylight Saving Time, except in the Navajo Nation in the northeastern part of the state.

Sports
Professional sports teams in Arizona include:

Arizona has many golf courses and is home to several stops on the PGA Tour.

State symbols
Arizona state amphibian: Arizona Treefrog (Hyla eximia)
 Arizona state bird: Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus)
 Arizona state butterfly: Two-tailed Swallowtail (Papilio multicaudata)
 Arizona state colors: Federal Blue and old gold
 Arizona state fish: Arizona Trout (Oncorhynchus gilae apache)
 Arizona state flag: Flag of the State of Arizona
 Arizona state flower: Saguaro blossom (Carnegiea gigantea)
 Arizona state fossil: Petrified wood
 Arizona state gemstone: Turquoise
 Arizona state mammal: Ringtail (Bassariscus astutus)
 Arizona state motto: Ditat Deus (Latin God enriches)
 Arizona state neckwear: Bolo tie
 Arizona state reptile: Arizona Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi)
 Arizona state seal: Great Seal of the State of Arizona
 Arizona state slogan: Grand Canyon State
 Arizona state songs: "Arizona March Song" (by Margaret Rowe Clifford) and "Arizona" (by Rex Allen, Jr.)
 Arizona state tree: Blue Palo Verde (Parkinsonia florida)
Related pages
 List of counties in Arizona
 List of rivers of Arizona

References

 
1912 establishments in the United States
Bolivia , officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a country in South America.  It is land locked by Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Peru, and Chile.  Luis Alberto Arce Catacora became the president of Bolivia in November 2020.
The population of Bolivia is 11.51 million (2019).

Bolivia is named after Simón Bolívar. The main languages are Spanish and Quechua, but there are other languages too.

History 

Bolivia used to be a colony of Spain. The silver mines in Bolivia made most of Spain's money, and Spain used Bolivians as slaves to work in the mines.
After many wars, Simón Bolívar helped Bolivia to be an independent country.

Geography 

Bolivia is 424,135 mi² (1,098,581 km²). This means that Bolivia is the world's 28th-largest country (after Ethiopia). It is the same sort of size as Mauritania.
Bolivia is a landlocked nation, which means every border of Bolivia is a border with another country, and so it does not have a sea. It used to own some of the Pacific coast, but it lost it in 1879 in the War of the Pacific. The west of Bolivia is on the Andes mountain range. The highest mountain in Bolivia is called Nevado de Sajama and it is near the city of Oruro. Although this part of the country is very high with lots of mountains, there are also parts of Bolivia which are very flat, and parts of the country which are very near sea level. There is also a bit of Bolivia covered by the Amazon rainforest, and a big lake which is the highest lake in the world. This lake is called Lake Titicaca.

The major cities are La Paz, El Alto, Santa Cruz de la Sierra and Cochabamba.  For other places in Bolivia see List of cities in Bolivia.
Demographics 
The population of Bolivia is approximately 10,907,778 people. The ethnic composition of the country is like the following:
 62%: Native American.
 26%: Mestizo.
 10%: White.
 2%: Black

Economy 
Bolivia suffers from poverty. Over 65% of the population lives below the poverty line.

Divisions 
Bolivia is divided into nine departments.  The departments are divided into 112 provinces.  The provinces are divided into 339 municipalities and into native community lands.

Culture 

Bolivian culture has many Inca, Aymara and other native influences in religion, music and clothing. There is a big festival in Oruro, which is called "El carnaval de Oruro". People in Bolivia like playing football, and football, which is often played in the street. Zoos are also very popular, but they do not have much money.

National symbols
National symbols 

The Cantuta (often spelled kantuta or qantuta) (Cantua buxifolia or Fuchsia buxifolia) is a flower found in the Yungas, and is the national flower of Bolivia along with the patujú (Heliconia rostrata) found in the tropical regions of Bolivia.

Related pages
 Bolivia at the Olympics
 Bolivia national football team
 List of rivers of Bolivia

References 

Notes

Other websites
 Bolivia map
 
 

Bolivia
Spanish-speaking countries
1825 establishments in South America
Massachusetts is a state in the United States of America. Its official name is the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Its capital and largest city is Boston. It is on the east coast of the United States. It is a part of New England. It is next to the Atlantic Ocean and the states of Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire. The word Massachusetts comes from Native American language. It means "place with hills."

Massachusetts was one of the first places that European people lived when they came to America. It was one of the first American colonies. The Pilgrims from Plymouth, England came to America for religious freedom in 1620.

Massachusetts is home to some of the United States' most prestigious universities, such as Harvard University and MIT. Massachusetts is also one of the richest states in the United States. Its major cities are Boston, Worcester, Springfield, and Plymouth.

Massachusetts is also home to the 6 time Super Bowl winning New England Patriots.
Massachusetts was the place of many events which caused the American Revolution, such as the Boston Tea Party and the Battle of Lexington and Concord. It was also a center of the anti-slavery movement. Maine used to be part of Massachusetts, but split off in 1820.

Related pages
 Governor of Massachusetts
 List of counties in Massachusetts
 List of cities and towns in Massachusetts

References

 
1788 establishments in the United States
Tallahassee is the capital city of the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020 Tallahassee has a population of 196,169 people.

The name comes from the Apalachee Native American words: talwa meaning town, and ahassee meaning old.
Tallahassee was created as the capital of Florida during the territory's second legislative session. It was chosen as the midpoint between St. Augustine and Pensacola, which had been the capitals of the Spanish and British colonies of East Florida and West Florida, respectively. (At that time, very few people lived in the swamps of South Florida.) The first session of Florida's Legislative Council–as a territory of the United States–met on July 22, 1822 at Pensacola and members from St. Augustine traveled fifty-nine days by water to attend. The second session was in St. Augustine and required western delegates to travel perilously around the peninsula on a twenty-eight day trek. During this session, it was decided that future meetings should be held at a half-way point to reduce the distance. Two appointed commissioners selected Tallahassee, at that point an abandoned Apalachee settlement, as a halfway point. In 1824, the third legislative session met there in a crude log capitol
. Also in 1824, Marquis de Lafayette, French hero of the American Revolution, returned for a grand tour of the United States.  The US Congress voted to give him $200,000 (the same amount he had given the colonies in 1778), US citizenship, and the Lafayette Land Grant,  of land that today includes large portions of Tallahassee. In 1845, a Greek revival masonry structure was erected as the Capitol building in time for statehood.
In 1977, a 23-story high-rise Capitol building designed by architect Edward Durell Stone was completed. It is now the third-tallest state capitol building in the United States. In 1978, the old capitol was scheduled for demolition, but the State Of Florida decided to keep the Old Capitol as a museum and point of interest.

The city is the location of two important universities, Florida State University and Florida A&M University.

Notes

References

 
County seats in Florida
State capitals in the United States
1824 establishments in Florida Territory
Year 1227 (MCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events
 March 19 – Pope Gregory IX succeeds Pope Honorius III as the 178th pope.

 August 18 – Genghis Khan
Thomas Alderton Skerritt (born August 25, 1933) is an American actor. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He is best known for his roles in the films M*A*S*H (1970), Alien (1979), and Top Gun (1986).

Other websites 
 

1933 births
Living people
American movie actors
Actors from Detroit
Trossingen is a town in South Germany (Baden-Württemberg). It is in a region called Baar, between the Swabian Alb and the Black Forest.

Trossingen is called a "music town". It has around 16,000 people who live there, there is the 'University of Music Trossingen', which is one of Baden-Württemberg's state conservatories, and there are other institutions specialized in musical education, like the 'Bundesakademie für musikalische Jugendbildung'  and the 'Hohner Konservatorium'. In 1857 the Matthias Hohner company was founded. Today, Hohner harmonicas and accordions are famous all over the world. Trossingen houses the German Harmonica Museum, too. Trossingen also has a historic railway: the Trossinger Eisenbahn. Several skeletons of the dinosaur Plateosaurus engelhardti were found in Trossingen during excavations in the early 20th century. The local museum Auberlehaus houses several of the original bones.
Distances 
 Stuttgart (capital of Baden-Württemberg): about .
 Berlin (capital of Germany): about .
 the Black forest: about .
 Switzerland: about .

References

Other websites 
 

Tuttlingen
The Smurfs are fictional little blue beings created by Peyo, a Belgian cartoonist. They first appeared in 1958, and later in a cartoon television show created by Hanna-Barbera Productions in the 1980s. On September 12, 1981, they were featured on NBC on Saturday mornings as a cartoon series. The little blue creatures from Belgium became popular among all ages.

A feature movie called The Smurfs was released in 2011. The Smurfs 2 was a sequel released July 31, 2013.

Description 

The smurfs are very small.  In cartoons in which they appear with humans, they are small enough to stand on a human hand.

Most Smurfs are male. There are only 3 females in the village: Smurfette, Sassette Smurfling, and Nanny Smurf.