Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The Krottenspitze is a mountain in the Allgäu Alps. It is  high. It is one of the few rocky summits of the main ridge that is visible from Oberstdorf. There are no marked routes to the Krottenspitze. It was first climbed in 1854 for survey work. It is made of Dolomite.

Other reading 
 Das schöne Allgäu. Die Zeitschrift für Brauchtum, Kultur, Heimatpflege, Freizeit und Umwelt, September 1970
 Thaddäus Steiner: Allgäuer Bergnamen, Lindenberg, Kunstverlag Josef Fink, 2007, 
 Thaddäus Steiner: Die Flurnamen der Gemeinde Oberstdorf im Allgäu, Munich, Selbstverlag des Verbandes für Flurnamenforschung in Bayern, 1972
 Zettler/Groth: Alpenvereinsführer Allgäuer Alpen. Munich, Bergverlag Rudolf Rother 1984. 

Allgäu Alps
Geography of Bavaria
Tyrol (state)
Mountains of Austria
Mountains of Germany
Richard John "Rick" Parfitt, OBE (12 October 1948 – 24 December 2016) was an English musician, singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was born in Woking, Surrey. Parfitt was best known as a singer, songwriter and rhythm guitarist for rock band Status Quo.

Parfitt died, aged 68, on 24 December 2016 in a hospital in Marbella, Spain from sepsis complicated by an infected shoulder injury he suffered two days before.

References

Other websites

 Status Quo official website
 Obituary: Rick Parfitt From BBC News

1948 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from sepsis
Infectious disease deaths in Spain
English singer-songwriters
English rock guitarists
English rock singers
Singers from Surrey
Musicians from Surrey
Writers from Surrey
People from Woking
Marbella is a city and municipality in southern Spain, belonging to the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is part of the Costa del Sol and is the headquarters of the Association of Municipalities of the region; it is also the head of the judicial district that bears its name.

Background
Marbella is near the Mediterranean Sea, between Málaga and the Strait of Gibraltar, in the foothills of the Sierra Blanca. The municipality covers an area of  crossed by highways on the coast, which are its main entrances.

In 2012 the population of the city was 140,473 inhabitants, making it the second most populous city in the province of Málaga and the eighth in Andalusia. It is one of the most important tourist cities of the Costa del Sol and throughout most of the year is an international tourist attraction, due mainly to its climate and tourist infrastructure.
Historical value
The city also has a significant archaeological heritage, several museums and performance spaces,  and a cultural calendar  with events ranging from reggae concerts  to opera performances.

Climate
Marbella is protected on its northern side by the coastal mountains of the Cordillera Penibética and so enjoys a climate with an average annual temperature above . The highest peaks of the mountains are occasionally covered with snow, which usually melts in a day or two. Average rainfall is 628 l/m², while hours of sunshine average 2,900 annually.

References

Cities in Andalusia
Municipalities in Andalusia
Howard Leslie Shore (born October 18, 1946) is a Canadian composer. He is known for his movie scores. 

He has composed the scores for over 80 movies, mostly known for the scores for The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit movie trilogies. 

Shore has also composed a few concert works including one opera, The Fly, based on the plot of David Cronenberg's 1986 movie premiered at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris on July 2, 2008, a short piece Fanfare for the Wanamaker Organ and the Philadelphia Orchestra, and a short overture for the Swiss 21st Century Symphony Orchestra.

In addition to his three Academy Award wins, Shore has also won three Golden Globe Awards and four Grammy Awards.

References

Academy Award winning composers
Golden Globe Award winning composers
Grammy Award winners
1946 births
Living people
Canadian composers
Musicians from Toronto
The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States happened on Friday, January 20, 2017, on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C.

The inauguration marked the beginning of the four-year term of Donald Trump as President and of Mike Pence as Vice President. The presidential oath of office was administered to Trump by Chief Justice John Roberts on the Lincoln Bible and the vice presidential oath of office was administered to Pence by Associate Justice Clarence Thomas.

Benedictions were given by several clerics (among them a rabbi and reverend Franklin Graham, son of the retired reverend Billy Graham, who for decades gave benedictions at the inauguration of US presidents).

The main theme in the inauguration speech of President Trump was his focus on the interests of the United States ("America first!", "Make America Great Again").
Spectators were far fewer than at the inaugurations of his predecessor Barack Obama, although this was contested by President Trump and his spokesman. Most voters in Washington D.C. had voted for Hillary Clinton, Trump's main opponent in the 2016 United States presidential election.

Presidents Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama, along with their respective wives, the First Ladies (including Hillary Clinton), had all confirmed their attendance at Trump's inauguration, and were all present. George H. W. Bush, age 92, did not attend the inauguration due to health reasons.

Many groups applied for demonstration permits for Donald J. Trump's inauguration, including Bikers for Trump, and the Women's March on Washington, scheduled for the day after inauguration day. Most of the demonstrators were against the new president, and a few were rioters.

References
References

Other websites
 
 Military District of Washington - 58th Presidential Inauguration  
 @TrumpInaugural - Official Twitter account of the 58th Presidential Inaugural Committee (PIC)

2017 in the United States
Presidency of Donald Trump
January 2017 events
Trump, Donald
Trump, Donald
is a Japanese silent movie actress. She acted in several movies of Naruse Mikio and Ozu Yasujiro. She quit movie-acting in 1935. She was known for her roles in Chocolate Girl (1930), Apart From You (1933), Dragnet Girl (1933) and in Rappa to Musume (1933).

References

Other websites

1916 births
Japanese movie actors
Japanese centenarians
Silent movie actors
Actors from Tokyo
Missing people
Stage names
Year of death unknown
Amin Nasir ( – 16 January 2017) was a Singaporean football player and manager. He played as a defender for sides including Sembawang Rangers and Woodlands Wellington. 

Amin managed the S.League side Hougang United from 2013 to 2014. He also represented the Singapore national football team and was awarded a bronze medal at the 1993 Southeast Asian Games. His brother, Nazri, captained the Singapore national team from 1997 to 2003.

Amin was first diagnosed with colon cancer in 2012. He died on 16 January 2017 at the age of 48 in Yishun, Singapore. He was survived by his wife and two children.

References

1968 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Football managers
Singaporean footballers
Barry Cassin (1924 – 14 January 2017) was an Irish television, stage and screen actor.  On stage, he is best known for his role in the production of Twelve Angry Men. He was born in Dublin.

On screen and on television, Cassin played mostly secondary roles such as in the recent movie Byzantium. Cassin's daughter, Anne, is a well-known journalist and news presenter for Raidió Teilifís Éireann.

Cassin died in Dublin on 14 January 2017, aged 92.

References

Other websites

1924 births
2017 deaths
Irish movie actors
Irish television actors
Irish stage actors
Actors from Dublin
Royal Rumble (2014) was a wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) made by WWE. It happened on January 26, 2014. It was performed at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was the twenty-seventh time a Royal Rumble was held and the first to be held in Pittsburgh.

Five matches were performed at the event. The most important match was the Royal Rumble match. Batista won it by last eliminating Roman Reigns and Roman eliminate 12 men which broke Kane's record for most eliminations in one match from 2001. Alexander Rusev also wrestled in WWE for the first time in the Royal Rumble match.
Results 
 On the pre-show, the New Age Outlaws (Road Dogg and Billy Gunn) beat Cody Rhodes and Goldust (champions) in Tag team match for the WWE Tag Team Championship
 Daniel Bryan beat Bray Wyatt
 Brock Lesnar (with Paul Heyman) beat Big Show
 Randy Orton (champion) beat John Cena for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship
 Batista won the Royal Rumble for a WWE World Heavyweight Championship match at WrestleMania XXX by last eliminating Roman Reigns

Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations 

2014 in professional wrestling
Royal Rumble
Sports in Pittsburgh
This article contains various lists of state leaders organized by age, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government.

10 oldest serving state leaders
People currently serving as head of state and/or head of government, a party leader of a one-party state, or a representative of a head of state.

10 oldest serving state leaders of all time

Longest-lived state leaders
The following lists are the top ten all-time state leaders and the top ten living.

Top ten since 1800

Top ten living

10 youngest serving state leaders

10 youngest state leaders (since 1942) 
Leaders still serving are highlighted in italicized bold.

Notes

Heads of government
State leaders by age
was a Japanese actor. He began acting in 1952. He appeared in Samurai Rebellion (1967), Taiyō o Nusunda Otoko (1979) and Beyond Outrage (2010). He was known in the United States for appearing in Black Rain (1986), starring Andy García, Michael Douglas and Ken Takakura. He was born in Kure, Hiroshima.

Kōyama died from pneumonia on 3 January 2017 in Kyoto Prefecture. He was 87.

References

Other websites
 

1929 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Japan
Japanese stage actors
Japanese military people
Japanese movie actors
People from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japanese television actors
Franca Sozzani (20 January 1950 – 22 December 2016) was an Italian journalist. She was the editor-in-chief of Vogue Italia from 1988 until her death in 2016. She was born in Mantua. Her son, Francesco Carrozzini (born 1982), is a director and photographer.

Sozzani died after a long illness on 22 December 2016 in Milan. She was 66.

References

1950 births
2016 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Italy
Italian writers
Italian journalists
People from Mantua
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Ezhevsky (; 3 November 1915 – 15 January 2017) was a Soviet Russian statesman and politician. He served as the minister of tractor and agricultural machinery (engineering) of the USSR from 1980 to 1988. He was given for Order of Lenin awards. He was born in Tulun, Irkutsk Governorate of Siberia.

Ezhevsky turned 100 in 2015. He died on 15 January 2017 at the age of 101.

References

1915 births
2017 deaths
Russian centenarians
Russian engineers
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Soviet politicians
Mechanical engineers‎
Franz Jarnach (14 October 1943 – 16 January 2017) was a German actor and musician. He was also known by his stage name Mr. Piggi. He was best for his role as Schildkröte in the improv comedy series Dittsche. He appeared in the series at least 188 times between 2004 and 2014. He was a pianist for the 1960s British beat group Lee Curtis and the All-Stars. He appeared on the music program Beat-Club with the group twice. He was also a member of the rock band The Rattles during the early 1990s.

Jarnach was born in the Bad Godesberg district of Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia. His father, Philipp Jarnach (1892–1982), was a composer.

Jarnach died from a heart attack on 16 January 2017 in Hamburg. He was 73.

References

Other websites

  
 

1943 births
2017 deaths
Actors from North Rhine-Westphalia
Deaths from myocardial infarction
German pianists
German rock musicians
German television actors
Musicians from Bonn
Zdeněk Svěrák (born 28th March 1936 in Prague) is best known as a Czech actor and writer. He is also a noted playwright and songwriter. He is the holder of 3 Magnesia Litera awards and 3 Czech Leo awards. He studied at the Pedagogic University and was a teacher. After 4 years as a teacher, he started to work in Czechoslovak radio. There he met musician Jaroslav Uhlíř and since then he collaborated with him. 

Zdeněk Svěrák and Ladislav Smoljak are creators of czech most famous entertaining genious person Jára Cimrman. They have made 13 theatre plays about him and his life. As actor he appears in czech classic movies as: Na samotě u lesa, Marečku, podejte mi pero!, Trhák, Tři veteráni, Obecná škola or Vratné Láhve. He founded the Theater of Jara Cimrman in 1966.
Zdeněk's son, Jan Svěrák (*1965), is czech film director and one of 4 Czechoslovakian/Czech men who won Oscar. In 1997, the Father and son team won an Oscar for their movie Kolja. Zdeněk Svěrák starred in the movie. In 2014 he was awarded the President's Prize for lifetime achievements ad the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

References

Other websites 
 Zdenek Sverák Biography at IMDb

1936 births
Living people
Czech screenwriters
Vicki Lee Lansky (née Rogosin; January 6, 1942 – January 15, 2017) was an American author and publisher. She wrote parenting books and other advice books. She wrote over forty books, first with Feed Me I’m Yours. Other books she wrote include Divorce Book for Parents, 101 Ways To Tell Your Sweetheart "I Love You" and five "101 Ways" books. Her books sold over six million copies.

Lansky was born in Louisville, Kentucky and grew up in Westchester, New York. She had two children with her first husband, Bruce. They later divorced. In 2008, she married Stephen M. Schaefer.

Lansky died from cirrhosis on January 15, 2017 in Plymouth, Minnesota. She was 75.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
American children's writers
Deaths from cirrhosis
Disease-related deaths in Minnesota
Writers from Louisville, Kentucky
Writers from New York (state)
The Cuvier's dwarf caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus), also called a musky caiman and dwarf caiman, is a genus of Caiman native to northern and central South America. They are the smallest living crocodilians in South America. They live in freshwater lakes. It was first described by the French zoologist, Georges Cuvier, in 1807. They grow up to  long for males and  long for females. Cuvier's dwarf caiman weigh between  and . They live up to 40 years. Cuvier's dwarf caiman was first described by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier in
1807. It is one of only two species in the genus Paleosuchus. The Cuvier's dwarf caiman has an average length of 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for males. The average length for females is 1.2 m (3.9 ft). An adult weighs around 6 to 7 kg (13 to 15 lb). It has strong body armor, which provides protection against predators. Young dwarf caimans mainly
feed on invertebrates. It also eats small fish and frogs. Adults eat larger fish,
References

Other websites 
 Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) feeding video; YouTube

Crocodilia
Reptiles of South America
Věra Čáslavská (3 May 1942 – 30 August 2016) was a Czechoslovakian artistic gymnast and Czech sportswoman. She was very attractive, cheerful and popular with the general public. Věra Čáslavská won 22 international titles between 1959 and 1968, including seven Olympic gold medals, four World titles and eleven European championship. Čáslavská and Soviet Larisa Latynina, they are only two female gymnasts, who win the all-around gold medal at two consecutive Olympics. In years 1964 - 1968 she wasn’t never lose out in big competition in multicontest.

Life 
She was born in Prague. She did ballet and figure skating when she was small. In 2015 she met Eva Bosáková and with her they started to do gymnastics.

Shortly after the 1968 Olympics, Čáslavská was married with runner Josef Odložil. He was a silver medalist at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. They had ceremony at the Mexico City Cathedral.

In 1969 was born her daughter Radka and in 1974 son Martin. The couple divorced in 1987.
She became a president Václav Havel’s counselor for social issues and sport in January 1990 and since 1991 she worked as his assistant.

In next ten years she was alone and she don’t associate with anyone.  Čáslavská lived in a nursing home. She was treated with depression in mental home in Bohnice and added addiction on pharmaceuticals. Fortunately in 2007 she came back with great enthusiasm and she began helping Czech athletes. But in summer 2015 she was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, which next year has worsened. In her final days she was taken to a hospital in Prague on 30 August, where she died at the age of 74. Her funeral took place in the narrow family circle on 8 September in 2016 and her remains were cremated at the crematorium Šumperk.

Filmography 
Věra 68 - it’s a feature movie, overhead Olga Sommerová.

Interest 
After Věra Čáslavská is named asteroid (26986) Čáslavská (improvised name 1997 VC5).
1942 births
2016 deaths
Czechoslovak Olympic gold medalists
Czechoslovak gymnasts
Sportspeople from Prague
A Brachistochrone curve is the fastest path for a ball to roll between two points that are at different heights. A ball can roll along the curve faster than a straight line between the points.

The curve will always be the quickest route regardless of how strong gravity is or how heavy the object is. However, it might not be the quickest if there is friction.

The curve can be found using calculus of variations and optimal control.

References

Other websites 

 The straight line, the catenary, the brachistochrone, the circle, and Fermat Unified approach to some geodesics (from 2014)

Mathematics
Mechanics
General Heliodor Píka (July 3, 1897 Štítina – June 21, 1949 Plzeň ) was a Czechoslovakian army officer. He is also well known as representative of Czechoslovakian anti-Nazi resistance and a victim of communism.

Early life 
Heliodor Píka was born on July 3,1897 in Štítina near Opava. His father was Ignác Píka, who was a wheelwright. In 1915 he graduated from the Gymnasium in Opava. Originally, he wanted to study Pharmacy. In 1916 he was sent to the Galician front. On July 28, 1916, he was captured by Russian units in Berestechko. Later he joined Czechoslovakian legion.

Czechoslovak Army 
In 1917 he was sent to the Western front in France. In Le Havre he went through intensive military training. He fought there until 1919.

In 1920 he graduated from École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. He became a teacher at the Military academy in Hranice. In the 1930s, Píka acted as a military attaché to Romania and Turkey.
In 1941 he cooperated with Czechoslovakian units in USSR. They were supported by Czechoslovakian government in exile. He also attended the ceremonial signing of the Czechoslovak-Soviet treaty. In 1943 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. After the war, he was promoted to major general and served as Deputy Chief of Staff.

Execution 
At the time of the February coup, General Píka was ill. In March 1948, he had to stay at the military hospital in Prague. While he was recovering, General Reicin ordered him to be arrested and interrogated. He was falsely accused of spying and of High treason. In January 26 to 28, 1948 he was tried and sentenced to death. The execution took place in the prison in Plzeň on June 21, 1948.

Rehabilitation 
Thanks to Milan Píka, who was Píkas son, his case was reviewed. A military court proved that there is no single piece of evidence, which would convict him. On December 13, 1968 he was cleared of all charges and fully rehabilitated.

References
References 

1897 births
1949 deaths
Czechoslovak people
European military people
Generals
Dermot Anthony Gallagher (1944 – 15 January 2017) was an Irish civil servant. He served as the Secretary General of the Department of Foreign Affairs. He left office as Secretary-General on 24 January 2009 and was replaced by David Cooney, former Ambassador to the United Kingdom. He was known for serving as Ireland's ambassador to the United States and for helping establishing peace with Northern Ireland.

Early life
Gallagher was born in Carrick-on-Shannon, Leitrim. He studied and taught at the University College Dublin. His diplomatic career began in 1969.

Career
During his diplomat career, Gallagher worked in London, New York City at the United Nations Headquarters, in Brussels and in San Francisco, California. He was made "deputy chief of the cabinet" at the European Commission. In 1971, he married his wife, Maeve Farrell.
He was appointed Ambassador to the United States in 1991 where he developed a wide range of friendships and contacts. One of these was Bill Clinton, then governor of Arkansas. During his time as ambassador, he helped secure a U.S. visa for Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams. After his posting in Washington D.C., he returned home in 1997 with the title of Second Secretary General. Along with Bertie Ahern, Gallagher wanted to establish peace with Northern Ireland.

Later career
In February 2009 he was nominated to be Chairman of the Garda Síochána Ombudsman Commission and was appointed Chairman of University College Dublin Governing Authority.

Death
Gallagher died on 15 January 2017 in Dublin, aged 72. On his death, President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, said: "Mr Gallagher dedicated a lifetime to public service, serving with distinction as ambassador to the United States and making a significant contribution to the peace process in Northern Ireland.

References
References

1944 births
2017 deaths
Irish politicians
Civil servants
Ambassadors
Han Peixin () (October 1921 – January 15, 2017) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Xiangshui County, Jiangsu.

Career
He was Communist Party of China Committee Secretary and governor of his home province of Jiangsu. He first served as governor for a year from 1982 through 1983 and later secretary from 1983 through 1989. He was a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress (1978–1983), 6th National People's Congress (1983–1988) and 7th National People's Congress (1988–1993).

Death
Peixin died in Jiangsu, China on January 15, 2017 from cardiac arrest at the age of 95.

References

1919 births
2017 deaths
Chinese communist politicians
Politicians from Jiangsu
Jiří Navrátil (10 September 1923 – 16 January 2017) was a Czech scout leader and anti-communist activist. He served as the President of Junák, the Czech Scout and Guide association.

Early life
Navrátil was born in Germany. In 1937. he became a Scout in Prague.

Prison years
He was arrested and held several months by the Gestapo during World War II. In 1949, he tried to oppose the Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia with other Scouts. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison, and was released in 1960.

Career
During the Prague Spring in 1968, Navrátil was one of the refounders of Junák, the Czech Scout movement. The movement was suppressed again in 1970. Following the Velvet Revolution in 1989, he became one of the main Leaders of the third restoration of Junák.

He was one of the important people of the 1999 10th European Conference of Guiding and Scouting in Prague, in which President Václav Havel gave the opening speech.
Awards
In 2002, Navrátil was awarded the 292nd Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Death
Navrátil died on 16 January 2017 in Prague at the age of 93.

References

1923 births
2017 deaths
Czechoslovak anti-communists
People from Prague
Scouting
Eugene Andrew "Gene" Cernan (; March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017), (CAPT, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and Naval Aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, fighter pilot, and NASA astronaut.

Cernan was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was raised in Bellwood, Illinois and in Maywood, Illinois. He studied at Purdue University and at the Naval Postgraduate School. 

He traveled into space three times: as Pilot of Gemini 9A in June 1966, as Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 10 in May 1969, and as Commander of Apollo 17 in December 1972, the final Apollo lunar landing.

On Apollo 17, Cernan became the eleventh person to walk on the Moon and the most recent man to walk on the Moon since he was the last to re-enter the Lunar Module Challenger after the mission's third and final mission. Cernan was also a backup crew member for the Gemini 12, Apollo 7 and Apollo 14 space missions.

Cernan died on January 16, 2017 at a hospital in Houston, Texas, aged 82.

References

Other websites
Other websites

Last Man on the Moon
Gene Cernan flies the Windows-based "Eagle Lander 3D" Simulator
Eugene Cernan at the Internet Movie Database
Spacefacts biography of Eugene Cernan
Cernan at Encyclopedia of Science
Cernan at Spaceacts
Cernan at International Space Hall of Fame 

1934 births
2017 deaths
Apollo astronauts
Engineers from Chicago
American aviators
Scientists from Chicago
Jan Jánský (30 March 1873 in Prague,Czech Republic - 8 September 1921 in Černošice) was a neurologist and psychiatrist. He was the first to divide human blood into the four types (A, B, AB, 0) of the AB0 blood group system. His discovery saved millions of lives.

His life 
He studied medicine at Charles University in Prague. From 1899 he worked in a psychiatric clinic. He became a professor at Charles University and a doctor of medicine.

World war I 
He served as a doctor for 2 years on the front lines. After suffering a heart attack in 1916, he was dismissed from the army. After that he was in charge of the department of Neurology and Forensic Psychiatry at the Central Military Hospital in Prague.

He suffered from angina pectoris. Jánský died of Coronary artery disease.

Points of Interest 
Jánský was a promoter of blood donations. Donators of Czech Republic or Slovakia receive a medal. In 1953 he was the subject of a movie directed by Martin Frič.

References
References 

Czechoslovak scientists
1873 births
1921 deaths
Deaths from coronary artery disease
Personal life 
Zátopek was born in Kopřivnice. He finished Industrial high school in Zlin. He studied at the Military Academy in Prague. His wife was Dana, also an olympic athlete. They were married in 1948. In Helsinki she competed in jevelin. She won a gold medal at the same day as Zátopek. His olympic rivals (friends) called him "Czech Locomotive". In 1997 he was called the best Czech athlete of 20th century. Then in 1999, he was declared the best Olympian in Czech history. Altogether he won six Olympic medals, five European Championship and he broke the records for 18 times. His life credo was: "Are you running out of breath? Go faster!"
Career 
His Career began at an elementary school in Zlin. There he ran at school events with good results. He accepted an invitation to train with Zlin´s athletes. He mostly trained by himself with his own running system. He ran  sections with multiple repetitions. In 1943 he tried his first 5,000 metres run and the year after that he set his first record at 2,000 metres track. His most successful event were Summer Olympic games in 1952 where he won 3 gold medals. After that he went through an operation for a hernia. Zátopek´s athlete career ended in 1958 then he worked as a minister (Christianity).

References 

1922 births
2000 deaths
Long-distance runners
Czechoslovak Olympic gold medalists
Captain John Watts Young (September 24, 1930 – January 5, 2018) was an American astronaut, naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and aeronautical engineer. He became the ninth person to walk on the Moon as Commander of the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. Young was on the first orbital Space Shuttle mission, STS-1, in April 1981. He was the only person to have piloted, and been commander of, four different classes of spacecraft: Gemini, the Apollo Command/Service Module, the Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle.

Young was born in San Francisco, California. He studied at the Georgia Institute of Technology where he was a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity. In 1956, Young married Barbara White. They divorced in 1972. They had two children. Young died of complications from pneumonia in Houston, Texas on January 5, 2018 at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

Young's official NASA biography
1930 births
Apollo astronauts
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Texas
American astronauts
American aviators
Engineers from California
Scientists from San Francisco
Leonard Cyril Deighton (; born 18 February 1929), known as Len Deighton, is a British author. He is thought to be one of the top three spy novelists of his time (along with Ian Fleming and John le Carré). 

He is a well known military historian, cookery writer, and graphic artist. His first book, The IPCRESS File, was an instant bestseller. The Sunday Times called him "the poet of the spy story". 

Deighton was born in the London inner-city of Marylebone. He studied at St Marylebone Grammar School, at Saint Martin's School of Art and at the Royal College of Art. He is married to Ysabele Deighton.

References

1929 births
Living people
English novelists
Historians from London
Sergei Mikhailovich Makarov (; born 19 June 1958 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Union) is a Russian former ice hockey right wing. He was a two-time Olympic gold medalist. He was voted one of six players to the International Ice Hockey Federation's (IIHF) Centennial All-Star Team. This was in a poll conducted by a group of 56 experts from 16 countries.

References 

1958 births
Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Russian ice hockey right wingers
Aswat (Arabic: أصوات) is a Palestinian group for lesbian rights. Rauda Morcos is the co-founder. Aswat means "voices" in the Arabic language. The group started in 2001.

History 
Aswat started as a forum for discussion on the internet.

The first group for LGBT Palestinians was the international Jerusalem Open House. Palestinians started to meet there in 2001. After the Oslo Accords in 1993, many Palestinian groups were part of Israeli groups. But later, in the 2000s, many groups decided to be independent. In 2002, "Aswat: Palestinian Gay Women" started as an independent project with Kayan, a Palestinian feminist group in Haifa.

In March 2007, the group had its first conference in Haifa. The meeting had 350 people. The Islamic Movement protested outside the meeting with 30 people.
The group publishes Arabic literature about homosexuality. They published five newsletters in Arabic about gays and lesbians, and they published an Arabic glossary of terms of sexual orientation. They also published a book called "Home and Exile in Queer Experience".

Books 
 Home and Exile in Queer Experience (in Arabic), ( الداخل والمنفى في تجربة اللوطي ) 2006.
 My right to live as I choose, ("حقي أن أعيش،أن اختار أن أكون") 2007.
 Pause Girls, ( "وقفة بنات" ) 2009.
 Activist voices, ( "أصوات ناشطة" ) 2012.
 About Homosexuality, ( "عن المثليّة" ) 2013.

Other websites 
 Aswat

References 

Human rights organizations in Asia
2001 establishments in Asia
Kaliningrad Time (UZ1) is a time zone in western Russia that applies to the city of Kaliningrad. It is 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+02:00) since October 2014. Originally, under president Dmitry Medvedev's law in 2011, Kaliningrad Time was UTC+03:00 hours, the same time as the Further-eastern European Time and Eastern European Summer Time in the summer. Russia does not currently observe daylight saving time (DST).

References 

Time zones
Kaliningrad Oblast
Hans Jack Berliner (January 27, 1929 – January 13, 2017) was a German-born American computer scientist and chess player. He was born in Berlin and of Jewish descent.

He was Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University, was a former World Correspondence Chess Champion, from 1965–68. He was a Grandmaster of Correspondence Chess and an International Master for over-the-board chess. He directed the construction of the chess computer HiTech, and was also a published chess writer.

Berliner died on January 13, 2017 in Riviera Beach, Florida at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
Oral History of Hans Berliner

1929 births
2017 deaths
American chess players
American computer scientists
German Jews
Jewish American academics
Jewish American sportspeople
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Refugees from Nazism
Scientists from Berlin
David B. Poythress (October 24, 1943 – January 15, 2017) was an American politician and military commander. He was born in Bibb County, Georgia.

He has served terms as Secretary of State and Commissioner of Labor of the state of Georgia. Poythress also served as the Adjutant General of the Georgia National Guard from 1999 until 2007, initially appointed by Governor Roy Barnes and reappointed by Governor Sonny Perdue. He retired as a Lieutenant General.

Pothyress died on January 15, 2017 in Cartersville, Georgia at the age of 73.

References

1943 births
2017 deaths
Military people from Georgia (U.S. state)
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Emory University alumni
M. M. Ruhul Amin (23 December 1942 – 17 January 2017) was a Bangladeshi politician and judge. He served as the Chief Justice of Bangladesh from 1 June 2008 to 22 December 2009. He studied at the University of Dhaka. He was born in Lakshmipur District.

Amin died after an illness on 17 January 2017 in Bukit Merah, Singapore. He was 74.

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
Politicians from Chittagong Division
Chief justices
Lakshmipur District
The Great Comet of 1811 (C/1811 F1) was a comet visible to the naked eye for about 260 days. This was a record until the appearance of Comet Hale–Bopp in 1997. In October 1811, at its brightest, it displayed an apparent magnitude of 0, with an easily visible tail

Comets
Dion was an Ancient Greek city in Pieria, Greece. It is now a village.

Villages in Greece
Ancient Greek cities
Chrysaor was the brother of the winged-horse Pegasus.

References

Greek legendary creatures
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (shortened to CD&V) is a Flemish political party in Belgium. It belongs to the political ideology of the Christian democrats.

Christian democratic parties
Political parties in Belgium
Colo (December 22, 1956 – January 17, 2017) was an American Western gorilla. She was known as the first gorilla to be born in captivity anywhere in the world and as the oldest known gorilla in the world. Colo was born at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium near Powell, Ohio. Colo's name came from the place of her birth, Columbus, Ohio. Tomatoes were her favorite food.

Colo died in her sleep on January 17, 2017 at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, aged 60.

References

Other websites
 Colo's family tree on Flickr

1956 births
2017 deaths
Individual animals
Ohio
Gorillas
Harambe was a gorilla at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden. On May 28, 2016, a three-year-old boy climbed into a gorilla enclosure at the zoo and was grabbed and dragged by Harambe, a 17-year-old Western lowland gorilla. Fearing for the boy's life, a zoo worker shot and killed Harambe. It was recorded on video and was shown on news services around the world. There was a lot of argument about the decision to kill Harambe. A number of primatologists and conservationists said that the zoo had no other choice under the circumstances, and that they did the right thing. Lots of internet memes were made, and the director encouraged people to stop.

The boy's mother also became the target of harassment on the internet and social media. On June 6, 2016, the Ohio prosecutor said that the mother would not face any charges of wrongdoing. The zoo was being investigated by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), which sets the standards for zoos, and the USDA.
Experts Jack Hanna and Jane Goodall defended the zoo's actions in killing Harambe.

References

1999 births
2016 deaths
Deaths by firearm in the United States
Individual animals
2016 in the United States
2010s in Ohio
Cincinnati
Deaths by firearm
May 2016 events
American Pharoah (born 2011; foaled February 2, 2012) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He won the American Triple Crown and the Breeders' Cup Classic in 2015. In winning all four races, he became the first horse to win the "Grand Slam" of American horse racing. He won the 2015 Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year and 2015 Champion three-year-old.

He was bred and owned throughout his racing career by Ahmed Zayat of Zayat Stables, trained by Bob Baffert, and ridden in most of his races by Victor Espinoza. He now stands  at stud at Ashford Stud in Kentucky.

His sire was Pioneerof the Nile and his dam was Littleprincessemma.

References

Thoroughbred racehorses
"Rockabye" is a house and pop song from the electronic dance group Clean Bandit. The song also has Jamaican singer Sean Paul and British singer Anne-Marie. The song is about how hard it is to be a single mother. The song refers to the nursery rhyme "Rock-a-bye Baby."

On 28 October 2016, the song entered the UK Singles Chart at #7. The following week, it went to #3. In its third week, it reached #1. In the United Kingdom, the song became their second #1, after "Rather Be" in 2014.  The song also topped charts in Australia, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Denmark, Austria, Belgium, Italy, Sweden, Finland, and New Zealand.

In the United States, "Rockabye" began at #100 on Billboard Hot 100 during the week of 24 December. It was Clean Bandit's first entry on the chart since "Rather Be" with Jess Glynne. The song reached number nine on the US Hot 100, becoming their second US top-ten hit after "Rather Be".

References

2016 songs
Sean Paul songs
Pop songs
The Scottish Government is the national, devolved government of Scotland.  It has power over many aspects of government in Scotland, from providing health care, to justice, through to education.

Devolved legislatures in the United Kingdom
Scottish Government
Donald John "Don" Trump Jr. (born July 26, 1977) is an American businessman and former reality TV personality. He is the oldest child of real estate developer and President of the United States, Donald Trump, and his first wife, Czech model Ivana Trump. He works alongside his brother Eric as a trustee of The Trump Organization. A longtime company Executive VP, in his trustee role he and his brother ran the company during his father's presidency.

He wrote two books: Triggered in 2019 and Liberal Privilege in 2020.

On February 12, 2018, Donald Trump Jr's wife Vanessa opened mail with white powder in it, so she was rushed to hospital as a precaution.

References

1977 births
Living people
Businesspeople from New York City
Children of Presidents of the United States
Trump family
Writers from New York City
American political writers
Television personalities from New York City
American political activists
Eric Frederick Trump (born January 6, 1984) is an American businessman, former reality TV personality and philanthropist. He is the third child and second son of the former President of the United States, Donald Trump, and Ivana Trump.

Alongside his older brother Don Jr., he serves as a trustee of The Trump Organization. Trump and his brother took over the company during their father's presidency.

In 2006, he founded the Eric Trump Foundation, which raises money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

References

1984 births
Living people
Philanthropists from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York City
Children of Presidents of the United States
Trump family
Tiffany Ariana Trump Boulos (born October 13, 1993) is an American socialite, television personality, and research assistant at Georgetown University. She is the fourth child of former President Donald Trump and his second wife, Marla Maples.

Tiffany Ariana Trump was born on October 13, 1993, at St. Mary's Medical Center in West Palm Beach, Florida, to Donald Trump and Marla Maples. She has three older half-siblings, Donald Trump Jr., Eric Trump, Ivanka Trump and a younger half brother named from Barron Trump.

She attended schools and universities such as, Viewpoint School, University of Pennsylvania and Georgetown University. Trump has remained with Georgetown Law after graduating in 2020, and is currently a research assistant for professor Shon Hopwood.

In 2015, she worked as an intern for Vogue, and, in 2016, modeled for an Andrew Warren fashion show during New York Fashion Week.

References
References

1993 births
Living people
Models from Florida
Businesspeople from New York City
Children of Presidents of the United States
American Internet celebrities
Businesspeople from Florida
Trump family
Frederick Christ "Fred" Trump (October 11, 1905 – June 25, 1999) was an American real estate developer and philanthropist. He was the father of Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States. He also had a daughter Maryanne, who became an attorney and was appointed as a judge to the United States Court of Appeals.

Trump's development company built and managed single-family houses in Queens, barracks and garden apartments for U.S. Navy personnel near major shipyards along the East Coast, and more than 27,000 apartments in New York City.

Trump was born in The Bronx, New York. He married Mary Anne MacLeod in 1936. Their marriage would last until Trump's death in 1999. Trump died in New Hyde Park, New York from pneumonia complicated by Alzheimer's disease, aged 93.

References
References

1905 births
1999 deaths
American criminals
Philanthropists from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York City
Infectious disease deaths in New York (state)
Deaths from pneumonia
Real estate developers
People with Alzheimer's disease
Trump family
Maryanne Trump Barry (formerly Desmond; born April 5, 1937) is an American attorney and a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit after being appointed by President Bill Clinton. She served as judge from 1999 until her retirement in 2011. 

She is the older sister of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States.

Barry was born in New York City. She studied at Mount Holyoke College and at Columbia University. She later went to Hofstra University to earn her J.D.. From 1960 until their divorce in 1980, she was married to David Desmond. In 1982, she married John Barry. John died in 2000. Barry had one son, David.

References

1937 births
Living people
American judges
Politicians from New York City
Trump family
Republican Party (United States) politicians
William A. Hilliard (May 28, 1927 – January 16, 2017) was an American journalist. He was editor of The Oregonian, the major daily newspaper in Portland, Oregon, from 1987 to 1994 and was that newspaper's first African-American editor.  He was also president of the American Society of Newspaper Editors in 1993–94.

Early life
Hilliard was born in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Benson Polytechnic High School, at Portland State University, at University of Oregon and at Pacific University.

Career
Hilliard worked at The Oregonian from 1952 to 1994, starting as a copy boy, and then rising to clerk, sports reporter, religion and general assignment reporter, and in 1965 assistant city editor.  In 1971, he became city editor, and in 1982 was named executive editor.
Hilliard served as president of the American Society of Newspaper Editors (ASNE) in 1993–94.  He remained editor of The Oregonian until retiring in 1994, although during the last year of his tenure with the paper he gave his designated successor, executive editor Sandra M. Rowe, effective control of the editor's duties and focused his attention on ASNE duties.

In 1998, Hilliard was given the Oregon Newspaper Hall of Fame Award by the Oregon Newspaper Publishers Association.

Death
Hilliard died on January 16, 2017 in Portland, Oregon at the age of 89.

References

Other websites
 Hilliard biography at Blackpast
 Hilliard in Jet, June 18, 1953
 Hilliard in Jet, April 19, 1993

1927 births
2017 deaths
American editors
Journalists from Chicago
Oscar López Rivera (born January 6, 1943) is a Puerto Rican nationalist. He was one of the leaders of the FALN.

Imprisonment
In 1981, López Rivera was convicted and sentenced to 55 years in federal prison for conspiracy, use of force to commit robbery, interstate transportation of firearms, and conspiracy to transport explosives with intent to destroy government property. In 1988 he was sentenced to an additional 15 years in prison for conspiring to escape from the Leavenworth federal prison.

López Rivera was among the 14 convicted FALN members offered conditional clemency by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1999, but rejected the offer.

The imprisonment of López Rivera was opposed or supported by individuals and groups representing political, religious, and other constituencies. Some called him a terrorist, but others said he was a political prisoner. Several U.S. Congressmen supported Oscar López Rivera's release from prison such as Senators Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren.
Commutation
On January 17, 2017, President Barack Obama lowered López Rivera's sentence and was released from prison on May 17, 2017. At the time, he was the longest-incarcerated member of the FALN.

References

Other websites
 Book Review: Puerto Rican Independentista Oscar López Rivera’s 32 Years of Resistance to Torture. Written by Hans Bennett.
  - Contains the partial, list of prominent figures who were "jailed" for López Rivera.

1943 births
Living people
Puerto Rican activists
Terrorists
Christopher Columbus "Chris" Kraft Jr. (February 28, 1924 – July 22, 2019) was an American NASA engineer and manager. He was important in the creation of the agency's Mission Control operation.

Early life
Kraft Jr. was born in Phoebus, Virginia. He studied at the Virginia Tech and graduated in 1944.

Career
Kraft was hired by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), the organization before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). He worked for over ten years in aeronautical research before being asked in 1958 to join the Space Task Group, a small team entrusted with the responsibility of putting America's first man in space. He was given the job to the flight operations division, Kraft became NASA's first flight director. 

He was on duty during such historic missions as America's first manned spaceflight, first manned orbital flight, and first spacewalk.

He retired in April 1982.

In 2011, the Mission Control Center building was named after him.
Personal life
In 1950, Kraft married Betty Anne Turnbull. They had two children. He was an Episcopalian. Kraft died on July 22, 2019 in Houston, Texas, aged 95, two days after the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 moonwalks.

References

Other websites

Chris Kraft at the National Aviation Hall of Fame*
National Aviation Hall of Fame

1924 births
2019 deaths
Engineers from Virginia
NASA
Scientists from Virginia
Peter Vernon Jones  (28 January 1933 – 16 January 2017) was an Australian politician. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1974 to 1986 from the seat of Narrogin. He was the Deputy Leader of the National Country Party in Western Australia. He was later a member of the Liberal Party.

Jones was born in Launceston, Tasmania. He married Margaret Antonia Maslin in 1960. They had three children.

Jones died on 16 January 2017 in Perth, Western Australia. He was 83.

References

1933 births
2017 deaths
Liberal Party of Australia politicians
Order of Australia
Politicians from Western Australia
Politicians from Launceston, Tasmania
Ronald Carlile Buxton (20 August 1923 – 10 January 2017) was a British politician and civil engineer. He was a member of the Conservative Party. He served as a Member of Parliament for Leyton from 1965 to 1966.

Buxton was born in Norfolk. He married Phyllida in 1959. They had four children.

Buxton died on 10 January 2017 at the age of 93.

References

1923 births
2017 deaths
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
English politicians
People from Norfolk
British civil engineers
Nigel John Spearing (8 October 1930 – 8 January 2017) was a British politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He served as a Member of Parliament for South Newham from 1974 to 1997. Before this, he served as a Member of Parliament for Acton from 1970 to 1974. He was born in Hammersmith, London.

Spearing died from Alzheimer's disease on 8 January 2017. He was 86.

References

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in England
English politicians
Labour Party (UK) MPs
People from Hammersmith
Politicians from London