Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Mariano José de Larra (24 March 1809 - 13 February 1837) was a Spanish romanticist writer noted for satire and perhaps the best prose writer of 19th-century Spain.

He was born in Madrid; his father served as a doctor in the French army, and, as an afrancesado, was forced to leave the Peninsula with his family in 1812. In 1817 Larra went back to Spain, knowing less Spanish than French. His nature was disorderly, his education was imperfect, and, after futile attempts to obtain a degree in medicine or law, he made an imprudent marriage at the age of twenty, broke with his relatives and became a journalist.

On the 27th of April 1831 he produced his first play, No más mostrador, based on two pieces by Scribe and Dieulafoy. Though wanting in originality, it is brilliantly written, and held the stage for many years. On the 24th of September 1834 he produced Macías, a play based on his own historical novel, El doncel de don Enrique el Doliente (1834).
The drama and novel are interesting as experiments, but Larra was essentially a journalist, and the increased liberty of the press after the death of Ferdinand VII gave his caustic talent an ampler field. He was already famous under the pseudonyms of Juan Pérez de Munguía and Fígaro which he used in El Pobrecito Hablador and La Revista Española respectively. Madrid laughed at his grim humour; ministers feared his vitriolic pen and courted him assiduously; he defended Liberalism against the Carlist rebellion; he was elected as deputy for Ávila, and a great career seemed to lie before him. But the era of military pronunciamientos ruined his personal prospects and patriotic plans. His writing took on a more sombre tinge; domestic troubles increased his pessimism, and, in consequence of a disastrous love-affair, he committed suicide by shooting himself in February 1837.
Larra lived long enough to prove himself the greatest prose-writer that Spain can boast during the 19th century. He wrote at great speed with the constant fear of the censor before his eyes, but no sign of haste is discernible in his work, and the dexterity with which he aims his venomous shafts is amazing. His political instinct, his abundance of ideas and his forcible, mordant style would have given him a foremost position at any time and in any country; in Spain, and in his own period, they placed him beyond all rivalry.

References

Influence 
Some of his phrases like Vuelva usted mañana (come back tomorrow) or Escribir en España es llorar (To write in Spain is to cry) are still applied to chastise present-day ills.
The Spanish-language clone of the Slashdot Internet forum, Barrapunto, uses Pobrecito Hablador ("Poor little talker") as the name for anonymous commenters.
The Premio Mariano José de Larra rewards young outstanding journalists in Spain.
Other websites 
Mariano José de Larra in the Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes.
Proyecto Mariano José de Larra en Internet 
 Mariano José de Larra: text, concordances and frequency list

1809 births
1837 deaths
Spanish journalists
Swedish playwrights
Suicides by firearm
Writers from Madrid
Luis de Molina (born 1535 in Cuenca; died October 12, 1600 in Madrid) was a Spanish Jesuit and writer.

At the age of eighteen Molina became a member of the Society of Jesus. He studied theology at Coimbra. After this, he became professor in the university of Évora, Portugal. From this post he was called, at the end of twenty years, to the chair of moral theology in Madrid.

Besides other works he wrote De liberi arbitrii cum gratiae donis, divina praescientia, praedestinatione et reprobatione concordia (4 vo., Lisbon, 1588); a commentary on the first part of the Summa Theologiae of Thomas Aquinas (2 vols., fol., Cuenca, 1593); and a treatise De jure et justitia (6 vols., 1593-1609).

1535 births
1600 deaths
Spanish academics
Christian theologians
Jesuits
Spanish Roman Catholics
Spanish writers
Henrik Johan Ibsen (born 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright. He is often called the "father of modern drama."

Ibsen is held to be the greatest of Norwegian authors and one of the most important playwrights of all time, celebrated as a national symbol by Norwegians. His greatest works can be said to be "A Doll's House" or "Enemy of the People."

References 

1828 births
1906 deaths
Norwegian playwrights
A bead is a small item with a hole in it for stringing.  Beads can be threaded together on a string. Beads can be made from many different things including wood, glass, and gemstones.  The oldest known beads are over 100,000 years old. Beads, made from stones, have been found in the graves of the kings of Egypt. Clay beads have always been made in abundance. They were first painted in patterns similar to those used on bowls or pots. 

Making beads in clay is a skill which is easy to learn. The clay material presents a design opportunity limited only by the imagination and expertise of the maker.
Place or period of origin
African trade beads 
slave beads

References

Jewelry
Textile arts
Julius Streicher (born : 12 February 1885 in  Fleinhausen,Bavaria,Germany/died : 16 October 1946 in Nuremberg,Bavaria,Germany) made propaganda for Nazi Germany.  He published the racist newspaper Der Stürmer. His publishing company also sold three anti-Semitic books for children, including the 1938 Der Giftpilz (The Poison Mushroom).  This was one of the most commonly read pieces of propaganda. The book said that Jewish people were dangerous, just like a nice-looking but deadly mushroom. 

After World War II, Streicher was convicted of crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg Trials. He was executed.

Early life
Streicher was born in Fleinhausen, Bavaria. He was an elementary school teacher.

In 1913, Streicher married Kunigunde Roth, a baker's daughter, in Nürnberg.

The next year, World War I started. Streicher joined the German Army. During the war, he won the Iron Cross.  By the time the war ended in 1918, Streicher was a lieutenant.
Streicher and his wife had two sons: Lothar (born in 1915), and Elmar (born in 1918).

Nazism
In 1919, Streicher was active in the Schutz- und Trutz-Bund, an anti-Semitic organization. In 1920, he turned to the newly formed German Socialist Party (Deutschsozialistische Partei). This political party had nearly the same ideas as the Nazi Party. Streicher wanted to make it more anti-Semitic. Most members of the German Socialist Party did not want this, so Streicher and his followers moved to the "German Working Community" () in 1921. 

The German Working Community wanted to bring together all the different anti-Semitic groups in Germany. In 1922, Streicher joined his followers with Adolf Hitler's.  This almost doubled the number of people in the Nazi Party.  It also made Hitler grateful to Streicher for the rest of his life.
Streicher took part in the Munich Beer Hall Putsch in 1923.  That same year, he started the racist newspaper Der Stürmer.  He was also the paper's editor. Streicher used the newspaper to stir up a deep hatred of everything and everyone Jewish. At its most popular, in 1935, about 480,000 people read Der Stürmer.

In the newspaper, Streicher argued that the Jews had helped cause the money problems Germany had during the 1920s.  These problems included unemployment, inflation, and economic depression (not having enough money going through the economy).  He claimed that Jews made white people into slaves, and were responsible for over 90 percent of the prostitutes in Germany.

After the Nazi Party was re-founded, Streicher became Gauleiter (district leader) of Franconia. After 1933, he practically ruled the city of Nuremberg. He was nicknamed "King of Nuremberg" and the "Beast of Franconia."
In 1940, Nazi leaders took away all of Streicher's jobs and power in the Nazi Party.  They did this because:
 He caused scandals by stealing Jewish property after Kristallnacht
 He spread untrue stories about Hermann Göring
 He led several attacks on other district leaders
 He had sex with women who were not his wife, without trying to hide it

However, Streicher stayed on good terms with Adolf Hitler until Hitler killed himself on April 30, 1945. 

On May 7, Germany surrendered, ending the war in Europe.  Two weeks later, on May 23, Streicher was captured by the Americans.  Just days before he was arrested, he married his former secretary, Adele Tappe.  His first wife, Kunigunde Streicher, had died in 1943 after 30 years of marriage.

Trial and execution
Julius Streicher was found guilty of crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg War Crimes Trial.  He was sentenced to death on October 1, 1946.
Streicher was not a member of the military during World War II.  He also was not part of planning the Holocaust, the invasion of Poland, or the Soviet invasion. But because he encouraged so much support for the hatred and extermination of Jews, the prosecutors decided to try him for crimes against humanity.

Streicher's last words on October 16, 1946, were "Heil Hitler," and "The Bolsheviks will hang you one day!" He is also reported to have cried out "Purim Fest 1946!" He thought that Jews would start a new holiday on the date that he and his fellow Nazis were hanged, just as they had started Purim to mark the execution of Haman.

Streicher's execution did not go as planned. Most eyewitnesses say that he died by slow strangulation rather than by a quick broken neck. This happened to other Nazis too. It happened because of the type of hanging used at Nuremberg. The executioner may have eventually had to kill Streicher, who was still groaning and swinging on the rope some time after he was hanged.
Related pages
 The Holocaust
 Anti-Semitism
 Propaganda

References

Other websites

 Spiegel TV short biography (German)
 Caricatures from Der Stürmer
 Der Giftpilz ("The Poison Mushroom")
 Hanging Nazi war criminals  Article on Streicher's controversial execution
 The Execution of Nazi War Criminals  Primary account of the Nuremberg executions by INS reporter Kingsbury Smith

1885 births
1946 deaths
Executed German people
Executed Nazis
Former Roman Catholics
Gauleiters
German journalists
German war criminals
Holocaust perpetrators
Members of the Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
Nazi leaders
People executed by hanging
Politicians from Bavaria
Politicians of the Nazi Party
German publishers
Bremgarten is a municipality in Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Hermetschwil-Staffeln merged into the municipality of Bremgarten.

References

Other websites 

 Verkehrsverein Bremgarten—the Tourist association in Bremgarten 
 Bremgarten - Official website 

Cities in Switzerland
Municipalities in Bremgarten
Zetzwil is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Kulm
Zeiningen is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Rheinfelden
Zeihen is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Laufenburg
mihimaru GT is a J-pop band started by Hiroko Akutsu and Mitsuyuki Miyake.

Members 
 Hiroko Akutu - vocals (born July 24, 1984)
 Mitsuyuki Miyake - MC (born October 2, 1980)

Musical groups from Tokyo
J-pop bands
Brittnau is a municipality in Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Zofingen
These are municipalities and places that have the name Brugg or Brügg:

In Switzerland:
Brugg, Aargau, in the Canton of Aargau
Brügg, Berne, in the Canton of Berne
Brugg is a city in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is the capital of the district of Brugg.

Since 2010, Umiken has been part of the city. On 1 January 2020 the municipality of Schinznach-Bad merged into Brugg.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities in Brugg
Cities in Switzerland
Brunegg is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Lenzburg
Buchs is a municipality of the district Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Aargau District
Bünzen is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Muri
Burg is a municipality of the district Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Kulm
Büttikon is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Bremgarten
Buttwil is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

The village is  west of Muri.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Muri
Densbüren is a municipality of the district Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Commune homepage 

Municipalities in Aargau District
Dietwil is a municipality of Muri district  in Aargau canton in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities in Muri
Dintikon is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Lenzburg
San Ignacio de Sabaneta is a city and municipality in northwestern Dominican Republic. It is the main city of the Santiago Rodríguez province. It is usually called only Sabaneta or Santiago Rodríguez.

History
The town was founded in 1844 by Santiago Rodríguez and others in a small savanna (Sabaneta means a "small savanna") north of the Cordillera Central mountain range. In 1854,  the town was elevated to the category Military Post and in 1858 it became a municipality of the Santiago province.

San Ignacio de Sabaneta was the centre of the fight against the Spanish soldiers during the first period of the Restoration War (1863-1865).

When in 1879 Monte Cristi became a province, San Ignacio de Sabaneta was made a municipality of that new province. When the new province of Santiago Rodríguez was created in 1948, San Ignacio de Sabaneta was made the head municipality of the province.
Population
The city had, in , a total population of 34,540: 17,935 men and 16,605 women. The urban population was  of the total population.

Geography
San Ignacio de Sabaneta is on the northern side of the Cordillera Central ("Central mountain range") and has a total area of , about  of the total area of the province of Santiago Rodríguez. The city is an elevation of , and at  to the northwest of Santo Domingo.

It does not have any municipal district (a municipal district is a subdivision of a municipality).

The municipality of San Ignacio de Sabaneta has the Monte Cristi province to the north, the municipality of Monción to the northwest, the Santiago province to the west, the San Juan province to the southeast, the Elías Piña province to the south and the municipality of Villa Los Almácigos and the Dajabón province to the west.

Climate
San Ignacio de Sabaneta has a tropical wet and dry/savanna climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: Aw) with a pronounced dry season in winter.
The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with  of rainfall, followed by October with .

The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is January with an average of  and the second is December with .

San Ignacio de Sabaneta is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

Economy
The main economic activity of the municipality is farming: tobacco and cattle raising for milk.

References

Settlements in the Dominican Republic
1844 establishments in the Dominican Republic
Dottikon is a municipality in Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Bremgarten
Döttingen is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Zurzach
Dürrenäsch is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Kulm
Effingen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Brugg
Eggenwil is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Bremgarten
Egliswil is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Lenzburg
Eiken is a municipality in Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Laufenburg
Elfingen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Brugg
Sarnen is the capital of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Sarnen Official site 
Sarnen Tourism 

Municipalities of Obwalden
Capital cities in Switzerland
Kerns is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website of Kerns 

Municipalities of Obwalden
Sachseln is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Official website of Sachseln

Municipalities of Obwalden
Alpnach is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Official Website of Alpnach

Municipalities of Obwalden
Giswil is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Official Website of Giswil

Municipalities of Obwalden
Lungern is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

Official site of the municipal Lungern
Tourism Lungern

Municipalities of Obwalden
Engelberg is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Engelberg Tourism
 Titlis Glacier

Municipalities of Obwalden
121 Hermione is a very big asteroid of the dark C spectral type, orbiting in the Cybele group in the farther part of the main belt. As a C-type, it is probably made of carbonate.

Hermione was found by J. C. Watson on May 12, 1872, and named after Hermione, daughter of Menelaus and Helen in Greek mythology. Hermione is a Cybele asteroid and orbits beyond most of the main belt asteroids.

The asteroid has an odd shape, as evidenced by adaptive optics images, the first of which were taken in December 2003, with the Keck telescope. Of many proposed shape models that agreed with the images, a "snowman"-like shape was found to best fit the seen precession rate of Hermione's moon.
Observation of the moon's orbit has made possible a correct determination of Hermione's mass. For the best-fit "snowman" model, the density is found to be 1.8 ± 0.2 g/cm³. This gives a porosity of the order of 20%. This could be because the main asteroids are fractured solid bodies, but not a rubble pile (an asteroid that has been broken up by a collision and pulled back together by gravity).

Occultations by Hermione have been successfully seen three times so far, the last time in February 2004.

Moon (S/2002 (121) 1) 

A moon of Hermione was found in 2002 with the Keck II telescope. The moon is currently called S/2002 (121) 1. It has not yet been officially named, but the name "LaFayette" has been suggested by a group of astronomers. This is after the ship used in secret by the Marquis de Lafayette to reach America to help the Americans during the American Revolutionary War.

References
References

Other websites 
 121 Hermione and S/2002 (121) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes adaptive optics images, orbit diagrams, and shape models.
 Data on (121) Hermione from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)
 Tally of Asteroids Harboring Moons Grows Beyond 30 (Space.com, 3 October 2002)

Asteroids
Hermione can mean different things:

In names:
 Hermione is a feminine given name. It comes from the name Hermes, the Greek messenger god.

Hermione Baddeley (1906–1986), English actress 
Hermione Cobbold (1905–2004), British matriarch 
Hermione Cockburn (born 1973), British TV/radio personality 
Hermione Gingold (1897–1987), British actress 
Hermione Gulliford, English actress 
Hermione Hammond (1910–2005), English painter 
Hermione Hannen (1913–1983), English actress 
Hermione Lee (born 1948), British critic 
Hermione Norris (born 1968), English actress 

In literature:
Hermione Granger is a fictional character in J.K. Rowling's novel series, Harry Potter
Hermione (mythology), the daughter of Menelaus and Helen of Troy in Greek mythology (Book 4 of the Odyssey).

In other uses:
121 Hermione is a main belt asteroid
Ermioni, a resort town in Greece
Endingen is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2014, the former municipality of Unterendingen merged into the municipality of Endingen.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Zurzach
Ennetbaden is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Aargau District
Raymond Toro, born on July 15, 1977 in Kearny, New Jersey. Toro is the lead guitarist and one of two backup vocalists for My Chemical Romance.  He plays Gibson Les Paul guitars with Seymour Duncan pickups through Marshall amplifiers. He helped form the band in 2001 after reconnecting with frontman Gerard Way and drummer Matt Pelissier.

When he was younger he enjoyed the music of Queen,  Metallica, Megadeth, and Slayer and he cites Brian May and Randy Rhoads as large influences on his playing. Toro has said that he grew up listening to his brothers rock albums and has always wanted to play the drums, though he sticks to guitar with My Chemical Romance.

On April,13 2011, #SINGItForJapan was released as an effort to raise money for Japan after the tsunami. This project was started when Toro was inspired by kind words from their fans, and he went on to arrange much of the instruments to create a sound that closely emulated traditional Japanese music.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 My Chemical Romance official website
 Ray on MCRRmy.com 
 
 Interview with Ray Toro  at Seymourduncan.com
 Ray Toro profile on NNDB

1977 births
Living people
My Chemical Romance
American guitarists
Belleville is a Township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the township population was 35,928.

References

Other websites
 Township of Belleville
 Belleville School District 
 Belleville Public Library
 National Center for Education Statistics data for the Belleville School District
 Belleville Historical Website History of Belleville, including famous residents
 Belleville, NJ History 
 Belleville, NJ Historical Photos 

Townships in New Jersey
Essex County, New Jersey
Kearny (pronounced ) is a town in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. It was named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. As of the United States 2000 Census, the town population was 40,513.

References

Other websites
 Town of Kearny website
 National Center for Education Statistics data for the Kearny School District
 Kearny School District

Towns in New Jersey
Frank Anthony Thomas "Frank" Iero, Jr. (born October 31, 1981) is the youngest member of the band My Chemical Romance. He was born in Belleville, New Jersey and attended Queen of Peace High School in North Arlington.  He attended Rutgers University on scholarship but then dropped out for the band after he felt they were beginning to get somewhere. Iero is a rhythm guitarist and is one of the two backup vocalists for the 
alternative rock band My Chemical Romance. He was also in other bands such as Leathermouth, Pencey Prep, Death Spells, Frank Iero and the Celebration, Frank Iero and the Patience, and Frank Iero and the Future Violents.

References

1981 births
Living people
My Chemical Romance
American rock guitarists
Musicians from New Jersey
Music career
Mikey Way joined My Chemical Romance in 2001. The other members of the band were his older brother and singer, Gerard Way, drummer Matt Pelissier, and lead guitarist Ray Toro. He is most notable for giving the band its name from an Irvine Welsh novel he read while working at a Barnes and Noble. The novel was "Ecstasy: Three Tales of Chemical Romance." 
   
After several weeks on their first tour, Mikey left college to play with the band full time. He has always been a main member of My Chemical Romance, but he left the band for a short time in early 2007. This was shortly after his marriage to Alicia Simmons. He was replaced by Matt Cortez on that tour. He rejoined the band later that year. Way was with the band for the rest of the time, until the band broke up on March 22, 2013, but as of October 31, 2019, he is in the band as of the reunion

Way has performed on all five of the band's studio albums.

References
References

Other websites
 My Chemical Romance Official Website
 https://twitter.com/mikeyway
 
 https://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/my-chemical-romance/biography

American guitarists
My Chemical Romance
1980 births
Living people
ENIAC (which meant "Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer") was a computer built between 1943 and 1946. It was designed by two people called John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. The machine was built out of nearly 17,500 vacuum tubes, 7,200 diodes and many miles of wire. It took up  of space, which is the size of a large room.

Background 
The history of computers is complex, and many machines have been identified as the "first computer". ENIAC's claim is based on the fact that it was more programmable than previous ones.

Because the computer was built out of vacuum tubes, it often broke. This meant that someone had to find the failed tube (which was not an easy job), take the bad tube out and put a working tube in.
History 
The ENIAC was first designed to print firing tables for U.S. Army artillery, but the war ended before the machine was completed. Instead, its first real job (not test) was to calculate how neutrons would go through various materials. This was needed in making a hydrogen bomb. ENIAC took 70 hours to work out pi to 2000 decimal places. A modern PC with a CPU of the size of 2x2 cm is much faster than ENIAC, which used up a whole room of space. For an example, a modern PC can work out a million (1,000,000) decimal places of pi in about ten seconds.

ENIAC was shut down forever on October 2, 1955. Now, only about 10 panels of the 40 exist. Although the original is shut down, programs written for the ENIAC can still be run on a modern computer using an emulator.

Sources

Historical computers‎
The National Democratic Party () is a far-right political party in Germany. It is usually just called the NPD.
It was formed after the Deutsche Reichspartei dissolved in 1964.

It is not the same as the old Hessian Nationaldemokratischen Partei. That was one of the parties which joined to form the Deutsche Reichspartei in 1949.

The German government tried to get the NPD banned in 2003, but the Bundesverfassungsgericht threw the case out when some of the leaders of the party turned out to be agents or informers of German security services, including the Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, which still lists the NPD as a dangerous organisation because its policies are a threat to the peace and stability of Germany and the constitution. The NPD is also referred to as being Neo-Nazi, as it openly opposes Turks, blacks, gays and Jews.

References 

Nationalist organizations in Europe
Neo-Nazism
Political parties in Germany
1964 establishments in Europe
Austral thrush (Turdus falcklandii) is a common bird found in southern South America. It has a brown head. Its breast is gray-yellow. Its beak is solid and yellow. It has dark brown eyes with yellow eyebrows.
It has a hard voice

Other websites 
 IUCN red list
 Austral thrush in Chilean and Falklands postages

Thrushes
Birds of South America
130 Elektra is a very big farther main belt asteroid. It was found by C. H. F. Peters on February 17, 1873 and named after Electra, an avenger in Greek mythology.

Its spectrum is of the G type, so it is probably made up like Ceres. Spectral signatures of organic compounds have been seen on Elektra's surface 

Recent optical sightings have found a moon (see below). Using its orbit, Elektra's mass can be found more correctly. The value of 1.3 kg indicates an unusually high density (for asteroids) of 3.8 ± 0.3 g/cm³. Optical sightings have also determined that Elektra's shape is quite non-spherical, as well as giving indications of albedo differences of 5-15% on its surface.

Moon (S/2003 (130) 1) 

In 2003, a small moon of Elektra was detected using the Keck II telescope. The diameter of the moon is 4 km and it orbits at a distance of about 1170 km. The moon has been given the provisional designation S/2003 (130) 1. Due to only a few sightings to date, its orbit is still not well known

References
References

Other websites 
 130 Elektra and S/2003 (130) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes adaptive optics image of primary, and satellite orbit diagram.
 Data on (130) Elektra from Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston)

Asteroids
Absinthe is a distilled highly alcoholic drink. It is 45–74% alcohol by volume / 90–148 U.S. proof) beverage. It is an anise-flavoured spirit won from herbs. The herbs including the flowers and leaves of Artemisia absinthium ("grand wormwood"), together with green anise, sweet fennel.

Absinthe has a natural green colour but may also be colourless. It is commonly referred to in historical literature as "" (the green fairy). It is not a liqueur, because it is not traditionally bottled with added sugar; therefore it is a spirit.
Absinthe is bottled at a high level of alcohol, but it is usually diluted with water before it is drunk.
Absinthe came from Val-de-Travers, Switzerland. It was very popular in late 19th and early 20th century France. Parisian artists and writers drank it. The romantic associations with the drink still lingers in popular culture. At the end of 1900 the French were drinking over 2 million litres of absinthe a year. By 1910 this had increased to 36 million litres. Ernest Hemingway, James Joyce, Charles Baudelaire, Paul Verlaine, Arthur Rimbaud, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso, Vincent van Gogh, Oscar Wilde, Aleister Crowley, Erik Satie and Alfred Jarry were all known absinthe drinkers.
Absinthe has often been thought a dangerous addictive psychoactive drug and hallucinogen.  The chemical compound thujone, although present in the spirit in only trace amounts, was blamed for its alleged harmful effects. By 1915, absinthe had been banned in the United States and in much of Europe, including France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Austria-Hungary. 

However, it has not been shown to be any more dangerous than ordinary spirits. Recent studies have shown that absinthe's psychoactive effects (apart from the alcohol) have been exaggerated. A revival of absinthe began in the 1990s, after  modern European Union food and beverage laws removed barriers to its production and sale. By the early 21st century, nearly 200 brands of absinthe were being produced in a dozen countries, most notably in France, Switzerland, Australia, Spain, and the Czech Republic.
History
The precise origin of absinthe is unknown. Wormwood has been in medical use since 1500 BC. In 1797, Henry-Louis Pernod, opened the first absinthe distillery, called "Dubied Père et Fils", in Couvet. In 1805 Pernod built a second distillery in Pontarlier, France,

Absinthe's popularity grew slowly. In the 1840s absinthe was given to French soldiers  as a malaria treatment. When the troops returned home, they started to drink absinthe with water. It became popular at bars and bistros. After the 1860s absinthe had become so popular that it was for sale in most cafés and cabarets. By the 1880s the price had dropped a lot, the market got bigger, and absinthe soon became the drink of France. By 1910 the French were drinking 36 million litres of absinthe per year.
Prohibition
Absinthe was often linked with violent crimes supposedly committed under its influence. Combined with hard liquor use and the low price, absinthe became a social problem in France. Wine makers groups often publicized problems with absinthe. Journalists blamed absinthe for many social problems.

In 1900 absinthe was banned in Switzerland. The banning of absinthe was even written into the constitution in 1907, following a popular initiative. The Netherlands banned absinthe in 1909, followed by the United States in 1912 and France in 1915. Around the same time, Australia banned the liquor too. After the absinthe prohibition, wine and whiskey makers had a big increase in sales.

Modern revival

In the 1990s an importer discovered that there was no UK law banning the sale of absinthe. It had never been banned in the UK. Hill's Liquere, a Czech Republic distillery founded in 1920, began manufacturing Hill's Absinth. This was a Bohemian-style absinthe, which started a rebirth in absinthe's popularity.
It has never been banned in Spain or Portugal, where it continues to be made. France never changed the law of 1915. In 1988 a new law was passed. This bans only drinks that call themselves 'absinthe' and drinks that do not meet with European Union laws on thujone. Thujone is the chemical which was thought to cause the hallucinatory (bad dream) effect of absinthe.

In the Netherlands, the old law banning absinthe was successfully challenged by the Amsterdam wine seller Menno Boorsma. In July 2004 it became legal to make absinthe again.

In Switzerland, the constitutional ban on absinthe was removed in 2000 during an overhaul of the national constitution. The ban was written into ordinary law instead. Absinthe is now not only sold in Switzerland, but is once again distilled in its Val-de-Travers birthplace.
In the  United States the laws banning absinthe are hard to understand. In some states it is legal have a bottle of absinthe, but not to buy or to produce it. The export and import of absinthe is probably illegal.

The preparation
Traditionally, absinthe is put into a glass. A sugar cube is then placed in the bowl of a special spoon. Ice-cold water is poured or dripped over the sugar until the drink is diluted. During this process, the parts that are not soluble in water make the liquid cloudy. The resulting milky opalescence is called the louche.

Production
The main herbs used to produce absinthe are green anise, florence fennel and grande wormwood, often called the 'holy trinity'. Many other herbs may be used as well, such as hyssop, melissa, star anise, petite wormwood (Artemisia pontica or Roman wormwood), angelica root, Sweet Flag, dittany leaves, coriander, veronica, juniper, nutmeg, and various mountain herbs.
The herbs are first soaked, a step called "maceration". Heat is added in the process of distillation which extracts a pure liquid. Wormwood, anise, and Florence fennel produce a colorless liquid or distillate that is about 72% alcohol. The distillate can be bottled clear, to produce a Blanche or la Bleue absinthe. A second step can add color to the liquid using artificial or natural coloring.

References

Other websites
The Virtual Absinthe Museum — An online museum of absinthe history, lore, art and antiques.
Absinthe.se — A collection of absinthe reviews and information.

Alcoholic spirits
Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter  (29 July 1889 - 29 September 1953) was a German politician.

Reuter was born  in the small Prussian town of Apenrade (today Aabenraa in Denmark).

After getting his abitur in 1907 at the Gymnasium in Leer (East Frisia) he went to Marburg to study philosophy and social sciences. In 1909 he moved to the university in Munich. In Munich he first came in touch with the ideas of socialism. He returned to Marburg in the autumn of 1910 and in 1912 took the state examination there.

Ernst Reuter then worked as a private tutor in Bielefeld. He joined the Social Democratic Party in Bielefeld, but soon went to the SPD party executive to Berlin where he worked in the central education committee.

Reuter did not believe in war. He founded the pacifist, group "Neues Vaterland" .
In 1916 Reuter was ordered into the imperial army. He was a courier on the eastern front. He was seriously wounded and became a Russian prisoner. He studied Russian in the prison camp, followed the Bolsheviks, and was appointed People's Commissar in the Volga German Republic in December 1917.

But Reuter returned to Germany in November 1918. He joined the Communist Party (KPD) and became First Secretary of the Berlin city party in 1920. The KPD expelled him in January 1922, and later that year Reuter returned to SPD.

In 1926, after having been editor of the SPD newspaper "Vorwärts" ("Forwards"), he started working for the Berlin Transport Department. Reuter oversaw the creation of the "Berliner Verkehrs-Aktien-Gesellschaft" (BVG) in 1928. The BVG was a merger of all of the underground, tram, and bus companies in the city. At the time the BVG was the largest public transport company in the world. It still operates today, as part of the Berlin-Brandenburg Transport Group.
Reuter was mayor of Magdeburg from 1931 up to the take-over by the National Socialists; he belonged to the SPD parliamentary group in the Reichstag at the same time. After being arrested several times Ernst Reuter was freed from a concentration camp after help from English friends. He moved to live in the Netherlands, then Great Britain and Turkey. He worked as an adviser for the Turkish government in traffic matters. In 1938 he became a professor for urban development and town planning at the Administration Academy in Ankara.

Ernst Reuter returned to Berlin in November 1946 and became head of the city's traffic department again.

The Soviet veto stopped Reuter from becoming mayor in June 1947. But he played on a central role also under the acting Mayor Louise Schröder.
The elections set for 5 December 1948 could only take place in the western sectors. The SPD gained almost two-thirds of the votes so they were the strongest party. On 7 December the old city council met once again and elected Ernst Reuter as mayor. This choice was confirmed by the new parliament on 14 January 1949. Although the SPD lost about 20 per cent of the votes in the elections on 3 December 1950, Ernst Reuter remained in the office. The vote in parliament between Reuter and the CDU candidate Walther Schreiber had ended with a stalemate. Schreiber withdrew in favour of Reuter who took the new official title of Regierender Bürgermeister, at the head an all-party coalition with the from SPD, CDU and FDP.

Ernst Reuter stayed in charge of Berlin for another two years and eight months. He died of a heart attack in Berlin.
1889 births
1953 deaths
German mayors (Weimar Republic)
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
People from former German territories
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Refugees from Nazism
Würenlos is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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 official website from the community Würenlos

Wurenlos
Würenlingen is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Official website of the municipality of Würenlingen

Wurenlingen
Wölflinswil is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Wolflinswil
Wohlenschwil is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Baden District, Aargau
Wohlen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Bremgarten
Cities in Switzerland
Wittnau is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Laufenburg
Wislikofen is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Zurzach
Windisch is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton (or state) of Aargau in the country Switzerland. In 2014, about 7,143 people lived in Windisch. Home of the Swiss railway archives.

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 Official website 

Municipalities in Brugg
Wiliberg is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Zofingen
Wettingen is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Baden District, Aargau
Cities in Switzerland
Wegenstetten is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Rheinfelden
Waltenschwil is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Wallbach is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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 Official Website of the Municipality of Wallbach
 Website of the creche Kinderkrippe Wallbach

Municipalities in Rheinfelden
Vordemwald is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Zofingen
Villnachern is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Villmergen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Since 2010, Hilfikon is part of the municipality.

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Villigen is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Since 2006, Stilli has been part of the municipality.

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 Official website of Villigen 
 Official website of Stilli  

Municipalities in Brugg
Veltheim is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Untersiggenthal is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Baden District, Aargau
Unterlunkhofen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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 Official homepage of Unterlunkhofen

Municipalities in Bremgarten
Unterkulm is a municipality of the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Official website of the municipality of Unterkulm

Unterkulm
Unterentfelden is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Unterbözberg was a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Unterbözberg, Gallenkirch, Linn and Oberbözberg merged into the new municipality of Bözberg.

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2013 disestablishments in Switzerland
Umiken was a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

Since 2010, it is part of the city of Brugg.

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Former municipalities of Aargau
Uezwil is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Official website

Municipalities in Bremgarten
Uerkheim is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Ueken is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Official website of the municipality of Ueken

Municipalities in Laufenburg
Turgi is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.  In 2002, Turgi got the Wakker Prize for saving its historical buildings.

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Municipalities in Baden District, Aargau
Thalheim is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Teufenthal is a municipality of the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Tegerfelden is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Tägerig is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Tagerig
Suhr is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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 Official website 

Municipalities in Aargau District
Strengelbach is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Stilli is a former municipality of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. Since 2006, it is part of the municipality of Villigen.

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 Official website  

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Villages in Aargau
Stetten is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Stein is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Staufen is a municipality of the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in the country of Switzerland.

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Staffelbach is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Villages in Aargau
Sisseln is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Sins is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Wil or WIL could mean:

People 
 Wil Anderson, Australian comedian
 Wil Shriner, actor, television director and game show host
 Wil Wheaton, writer, actor, and geek icon
 Wil (Musician), Canadian musician
 Wil Ohmsford, Character from the Elfstones of Shannara book.

Places 
 Wil, city in the Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland
 Wil, Aargau, village in the Canton of Aargau, Switzerland
 Wil, Zürich, village in the Canton of Zürich, Switzerland

American Broadcast Stations 
 WIL, radio station broadcasting at 1430 kHz on the AM band, licensed to St. Louis, Missouri
 WIL-FM, radio station broadcasting at 92.3 MHz on the FM band, licensed to St. Louis, Missouri
Wil was a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

On 1 January 2010, the former municipalities of Wil, Etzgen, Hottwil, Mettau and Oberhofen merged into the new municipality of Mettauertal.

Former municipalities of Aargau
Widen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Municipalities in Bremgarten
Sulz is the name for several concepts:

Generally
Sulz or Sülze is the German name for head cheese. 
In German, Sulz can refer to tripes.

People with the name
The Counts of Sulz were German nobility, can be traced AD 910 to 1687
Serge K. D. Sulz, born 1946 is a German psychotherapist

Places with the name

Germany
Sulz am Neckar, a town in Baden-Württemberg, near Rottweil

As a placename
Sulz is a part of the city of Lahr
Sulz is a part of the city of Wildberg, Baden-Württemberg
Kloster Sulz (Sulz abbey) is a part of the city of Dombühl, Bavaria
Sulz is a part of the city of Münster, Bavaria
part of the village of Peißenberg, used to be known as Bad Sulz

Austria
Sulz im Weinviertel, Lower Austria
Sulz, Vorarlberg
Sulz im Wienerwald, Lower Austria
Sulz (Deutschlandsberg), Styria
Sulz (Sulztal), Styria

As a placename
A part of the city of Weitra
A part of the village of St. Margarethen an der Raab, Styria

Switzerland
Sulz, Aargau
Sulz, Lucerne
The German name of Soulce, Jura
As a placename
A part of Rickenbach, Zürich
A part of Künten, Aargau
Soulce in the canton of Jura, Switzerland was formerly known as Sulz

Others
Sülz, a village in Silesia
The German name of Soultz-Haut-Rhin in Alsace, France, Sülz im Oberelsass