Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
SOLID Principles

 Single responsibility principle - Class has one job to do. Each change in requirements can be done by changing just one class.
 Open/closed principle - Class is happy (open) to be used by others. Class is not happy (closed) to be changed by others.
 Liskov substitution principle - Class can be replaced by any of its children. Children classes inherit parent's behaviours.
 Interface segregation principle - When classes promise each other something, they should separate these promises (interfaces) into many small promises, so it's easier to understand.
 Dependency inversion principle - When classes talk to each other in a very specific way, they both depend on each other to never change. Instead classes should use promises (interfaces, parents), so classes can change as long as they keep the promise.

References 

Acronyms
Computer programming
"Calling to the Citizens" (; ), also named "March of the Youth" (), was the national anthem of the Republic of Vietnam. It was composed by Lưu Hữu Phước. It was chosen as a national anthem in June 1948.

Nowadays, the song is still sung by Vietnamese people who oppose the communist regime.

Lyrics
The national anthem had went through a total 5 edits with its title and lyrics. "Tiếng Gọi Công Dân" was the last title of the anthem. Nowadays, most Vietnamese overseas change the first line of the anthem "Quốc gia đến ngày giải phóng" to "Đứng lên đáp lời sông núi", meaning "Oh Citizens! Stand up [and] answer the call [of the] rivers and mountains".

Tiếng Gọi Công Dân - Call of the Citizens (1956–1975)

Vietnamese lyrics
Vietnamese lyrics

Này Công Dân ơi! Quốc gia đến ngày giải phóng.
Đồng lòng cùng đi hy sinh tiếc gì thân sống.
Vì tương lai Quốc Dân, cùng xông pha khói tên,
Làm sao cho núi sông từ nay luôn vững bền.
Dù cho thây phơi trên gươm giáo,
Thù nước, lấy máu đào đem báo.
Nòi giống lúc biến phải cần giải nguy,
Người Công Dân luôn vững bền tâm trí.
Hùng tráng quyết chiến đấu làm cho khắp nơi
Vang tiếng người nước Nam cho đến muôn đời!
Công Dân ơi! Mau hiến thân dưới cờ!
Công Dân ơi! Mau làm cho cõi bờ
Thoát cơn tàn phá, vẻ vang nòi giống
Xứng danh nghìn năm giòng giống Lạc Hồng!

English Translation
Oh citizens! Our country has reached the day of liberation.
Of one heart we go forth, sacrificing ourselves with no regrets.
For the future of the people, advance into battle,
Let us make this land eternally strong.
Should our bodies be left on the battlefields,
The nation will be avenged with our crimson blood
In troublesome times, the Race will be rescued,
We the People remain resolute in our hearts and minds.
Courageously we will fight such that everywhere,
The Glory of the Vietnamese forever resounds!
Oh citizens! Hasten to offer yourselves under the flag!
Oh citizens! Hasten to defend this land,
Escape from destruction, and bask our Race in glory 
Be forever worthy of the descendants of Lạc Hồng!

References

Historical anthems
Vietnamese music
Asian anthems
1948 songs
Belling the Cat () is a 2014 Vietnamese animated movie. It was directed by Lê Bình.

Plot 
Long ago, the mice had a general council to consider what measures they could take to outwit their common enemy, the Cat.

Some said this, and some said that ; but at last a young mouse got up and said he had a proposal to make, which he thought would meet the case.

"You will all agree", said he, "that our chief danger consists in the sly and treacherous manner in which the enemy approaches us. Now, if we could receive some signal of her approach, we could easily escape from her". "I venture, therefore, to propose that a small bell be procured, and attached by a ribbon round the neck of the Cat. By this means we should always know when she was about, and could easily retire while she was in the neighbourhood".
This proposal met with general applause, until an old mouse got up and said : "That is all very well, but who is to bell the Cat ?". The mice looked at one another and nobody spoke. Then the old mouse said : "It is easy to propose impossible remedies".

Production
Production 

 Style : 2D computer animation
 Artist : Lê Bình
 Animator : Đào Xuân Thành, Lê Hồng Yến, Dương Văn Hùng, Quách Lê Tuyến, Đào Minh Châu, Nguyễn Hữu Lãm, Nguyễn Vân Anh, Vũ Mạnh Hùng, Nguyễn Phương Nhi, Cao Minh Dũng, Ngô Ngọc Long, Phạm Minh Nguyệt, Lê Thanh Huyền, Lê Bình
 Editor : Nguyễn Thị Vân, Nguyễn Quỳnh Hoa, Lê Thu Thủy, Hoàng Thu Hương, Trần Bình Minh, Hoàng Công Đức, Vũ Thị Hoa, Bùi Ái Liên, Nguyễn Thu Hiền, Nguyễn Tuấn Phúc, Đào Bích Hồng
 Camera : Trần Thị Dịu, Trịnh Hải Yến
 Photography director : Phan Trung, Nguyễn Việt Phương, Nguyễn Thị Thùy, Bùi Hồng Thái
 Color : Đào Việt Hà, Nguyễn Khánh Linh, Nguyễn Thị Hoa, Lương Minh Ngọc, Phó Vương Anh, Vũ Thị Dung, Lê Thị Bích
 Sound : Đặng Duy Chiến, Lê Bình
 Montage : Phạm Thị Trang
 Computer : Nguyễn Duy Long, Nguyễn Lê Giang
 Theme : Where to return (Nơi về) by Đặng Duy Chiến with Hoài Nam's singing

Award 
 Silver Kite prize - Vietnam Film Festival XIX (2015)

Related pages 
 Belling the Cat (fable)

References
References 

2014 animated movies
Vietnamese animated movies
Movies about cats
Movies about mice
Truyện tranh (Chữ Hán: 傳幀) means comic in Vietnamese (aka Vietnamese Comics). This term has the English name Viet comics created by Floral Age Bimonthly magazine in the 1960s to refer to comics originating in Vietnam. It is sometimes called by the older name Mạn họa (Chữ Hán: 漫畫). In Vietnamese sometimes it will be called by longer names such as: Truyện tranh Việt Nam, truyện tranh Việt, truyện tranh nội, truyện tranh ta, truyện tranh trong nước,... to distinguish it from other types of foreign comics such as: Truyện tranh Âu Mỹ (Western comics),  truyện tranh Nhật Bản (Manga),...

History

Pre-1900

During the Medieval Annam, "Viet comics" often be called mạn họa (漫畫, comics) or liên-hoàn họa (連環畫, sequential drawings) which was affected by China and sometimes India. They illustrated philosophy or tales which were printed by wood-blocks. There were some drawings for the educating females which were called "moral books" (Luân-lý giáo-khoa thư).
French Indochina (1900 - 1953)
After the establishing of the Fédération indochinoise with a long peace, the printing technology developed strongly to make books and newspapers became more. "Viet comics" has appeared gradually as cartoons which was called hoạt-kê họa (滑稽畫), hí họa (戲畫) or biếm họa (貶畫).

About 1930s when Europeanisation movement was, "Viet comics" becamed an independent art with a big number of artists and readers. Customs&Mores Weekly (Phong-Hóa tuần-báo) and Today Weekly (Ngày-Nay tuần-báo) had known with three comic characters Bang Bạnh - Xã Xệ - Lý Toét, Official's Son Weekly (Cậu-Ấm tuần-báo) with the Three adventurous kids (Ba đứa trẻ mạo-hiểm), Drake Weekly (Vịt-Đực tuần-báo) with sequential drawings what often satirized Annamese writers, Indochinese government, especially the Governors-General... "Viet comics" always be called chuyện bằng tranh (stories by drawings).
After WWII, there were comics what asked Vietnamese people against French Army and satirized French Government. In Hanoi and Saigon there were more comics what based on romance novels or knight tales. Besides, there were some comics with the topic of Vietnamese history and mythology.

 Nguyễn Tường Tam (Đông Sơn)
 Lê Minh Ðức (Bút Sơn)
 Nguyễn Gia Trí (Rigt)
 Tô Ngọc Vân (Tô Tử, Ái Mĩ)
 Lê Phổ
 Nguyễn Thứ Lễ (Lê Ta)
 Nguyễn Tường Long (Tứ Ly)
 Nguyễn Văn Thịnh
 Nguyễn Minh Mỹ
 Tạ Tỵ
 Lương Xuân Nhị
 Bùi Xuân Phái

Northern and Southern Vietnam (1954 - 1975)

From the late 1960s, comics flourished in the Republic of Vietnam by the Freedom of the Press. Firstly, the Floral Age Bimonthly (established in 1962) called "Viet comics" as Tranh-truyện Việt-nam (Vietnamese pictorial-stories).
These led to an increase in the number of comic artists. The most famous illustrator and comic artist at the time was Võ Hùng Kiệt and he was also an illustrator for stamps. His comics were much loved by children and even women. Topics often as : Family, friendship, adventure, detective, science fiction, wuxia, fairytales... which was affected by French comics, American and Hollywood, even Jules Verne, Conan Doyle, Jin Yong's works.

In the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, comics usually appeared on Pioneer Magazine, Children Magazine and Kim-Đồng books. Their contents were about family, friendship, moral, war, fairytales... Northern artists' style always be affected by Soviet art.

 Lê Văn Đệ
 Đào Sĩ Chu
 Tú Duyên
 Nguyễn Hải Chí (Chóe)
 Võ Hùng Kiệt (ViVi)
 Hướng Dương
 Nguyễn Tài
 Nguyễn Đình
 Đoàn Đức Tiên
 Vịt Mò
 Kiến Vàng
 R. Nguyễn
 Vũ Tân
 Ngô Mạnh Lân
 Hoàng Dzự (Dzím)
 Bùi Quang Ngọc
Era of Subsidy (1976 - 1985)
After the Reunification Day, Viet comics' style was more and more un-diversity because the print has been difficult. However, in 1980s there were some Kim-Đồng's artists who started drawed in dó paper because they were very cheap. Topics often be fairytales and war for avoiding the censorship.

 Nguyễn Phước Vĩnh Khoa (VINK)
 Nguyễn Thị Giang (CINE)
 Tạ Thúc Bình
 Tạ Lựu
 Nguyễn Hữu Thụ
Era of Reform (1986 - 2006)
Viet comics have changed much since 1987 as they steadily developed though the years and gradually became similar to American comics with a growing number of comic artists and comic genres. Meanwhile, in response to the needs of children, the government attached special importance in encouraging the creation of comics. The most famous artist was Nguyễn Hùng Lân whose comics were popularly read (Hero Hesman, Vietnamese supermen, Vietnamese fairytales...). The content of these publications was broadly educational and offered lessons in moral philosophy for the reader. Many artists often "borrowed" international comics and animated films for imitating, as : Well just you wait, Superman, Jurassic park, Tom and Jerry, Charlot...
Everything was to change in 1992 with the import of manga by Kim-Đồng and Youth. Since 1995 when the manga storm would really hit, suddenly Viet comics with educational and moral stories were overwhelmed and dull by comparison. Manga was able to engage with a broad readership and was readily available ; it saturated the market even though most was then illegally printed. That changed in 2004 when Vietnam finally signed an expanded version of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and copyright was discussed and respected. The management of sales and content of manga has since become strictly controlled.

 Nguyễn Hùng Lân
 Nguyễn Hà Bắc
 Mai Long
 Phạm Minh Trí
 Nguyễn Thái Hùng
 Vũ Kim Dũng
 Trần Minh Tâm
 Đào Hải
 Mạc Can

Era of Recession (2007 to now)
Despite the "invasion" (called by 2000s Vietnames newspapers) of manga-manhwa-manhua fighting for a place in the Vietnamese market, 4 the rise of comics in a Vietnamese style was slow to gain pace given lingering prejudices, the feeling that comics were for children. Yet gradually, Vietnamese artists started to produce comics. In 2002, the Phan Thị Company published the comic series titled Vietnamese child prodigies (Thần-đồng đất Việt) and this was a turning point in Viet comics. It attracted many young readers and became a long-selling comic with more than 120 volumes produced. The comic might be considered similar to manga in panel layout and onomatopoeia (the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named), and the style in which characters are drawn.

Moreover, Youth Laughs Monthly, Hoa Học Trò Weekly and Truyện Tranh Trẻ Magazine (Youth Publishing House) also worked positively. They called Viet comics as mạn họa'' for dream about the comics compared "triman" (manga-manhwa-manhua).
Marcelino Trương
 Tạ Huy Long
 Trần Quang Đức (Vân Trai)
 Thiết Kiện
 Lê Linh
 Bùi Đình Thăng (Thăng Fly)

References

 A Vietnamese family's refugee story, told through comics
 Awakening Luc-van-Tien fairytale after 100 years

Arts of Vietnam
Comic books
Từ Thức married a fairy () is a 1991 Vietnamese animated film, directed by Trang Nguyên.

Production

 Style : Cutout animation
 Artist : Phương Thảo, Bùi Hùng
 Animator : Trang Nguyên, Trọng Bình
 Art design : Đăng Giáp, Bùi Hùng
 Sound : Bùi Kim Thục
 Montage : Kim Oanh
 Theme : Entering the pagoda (Vào chùa), Who was downstream (Ai xuôi về)
 Color printing by National Studio for Documentary and Scientific Films

References

Vietnamese animated movies
1990s animated movies‎
Chavara Thekkumbhagom is a village in Kollam district, Kerala, India.

Location
Coordinates: 8°57'48"N 76°33'43"E

Geography
Chavara Thekkumbhagom fully surrounded by the Ashtamudi lake. Beyond lake this place is bordered by Thevalakkara Panchayath on north, Kollam town on south, Thrikkaruva Panchayath on east and Chavara, Neendakara Panchayath on west.

Transport

The Nearest and main railway station is the Kollam Railway Station. Transportaion is provided by State owned Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) and private transport bus operators from Thekkumbhagom to Karunagappally via Pavumba bridge and Karunagappally to Kollam via Thekkumbhagom and Pallikkodi-Dalavapuram bridge (Inaugurated in 2007).
Water
The Kerala State Water Transport Department operates boat services from Kollam to West Kallada, Muthirapparambu, Munroe Island and Alappuzha. The Kollam-Muthirapparambu boat service attracts a lot of tourist attention.
The main boat jetties in the Panchayath are Guhanandapuram, Pallikkodi, Tholukadavu and Pavumba Jetty.

Education
Educational institutions in this Panchayath are
Guhanandapuram H.S.S., Chavara South
Govt. U.P. School, Chavara South
N.S.S L.P.S., Vadakkumbhagom
L.V., L.P.S., Chavara South
Some Professional and Arts colleges near Thekkumbhagom Village
Govt College, Chavara.
 MSN Institute of Management and Technology, Chavara
 S.N. College, Kollam
Important offices
Govt. Primary Health Center, Madathil Jn.
Govt. Ayurveda Hospital, Nadakkavu Market Jn.
Govt. Homoeo Hospital, Thekkumbhagom
Govt. Veterinary Dispensary, Nadakkavu
Krishi Bhavan, Nadakkavu Market Jn.
Post Office, Madathil Jn.
Kerala Water Authority, Nadakkavu Market Jn.
Village Office, Nadakkavu
BSNL Exchange, Chavara South
SBI, Chavara South
Thekkumbhagom Service Co-Operative Bank
Vengayil Hospital, Madathil Jn.
Athira Hospital(Orthopaedic centre)
, Thekkumbhagom
KSFE Thekkumbhagom Branch, Nadakkavu

Economy
Agriculture, Fishing, Coir etc. are themajor occupations in here.

Festivals
Festivals

All festivals based on the temples and Churches in the Panchayath.
There are various temples and Churches in Thekkumbhagom.
Mukkath Siva Temple
Dalavapuram Sree Daivamullathil Lekshmi Narayan Temple
Panakkattodil Devi Temple (Valya Nada)
Sree Narayanapuram Maha Vishnu Temple (Nadakkavu Temple)
Udayadithyapuram Siva Kshethram
Guhanandapuram Subramanya Swami Kshethram
Ammayarnada sree durga devi temple,vadakkumbhagam

Recreation
Since Thekkumbhagom is a semi-urban area, some follow an urban life style. Recreational activities include sports, such as football, cricket, kabbadi, volleyball, swimming etc. Thekkumbhagom has three main sports grounds. They are
 Panakkattodil Devi Temple Ground
 Uvathara  
 Shiva Nada Ground
 Nadakkavu Maithanam
 Kulangaraveli Ground
 St.Jeromes Church , Vadakkumbhagom
Major attractions
Boat journey around Thekkumbhagom
Pallikkodi-Dalavapuram bridge
Traditional food items like Tapioca(Kappa or Cheeni), Pearl Spot Fish(Karimeen), Prawn(Konchu), Lobster(chemmen) and Kallummakkaya(Muringayirachi),njandu ((Crab))
A walk through Thekkumbhagom roads on Thalappoli night.

Famous personalities

 V.Sambasivan - a performer of the art Kadhaprasangam. written by himself and Othello by Shakespeare.
അഴകത്ത് പത്മനാഭക്കുറുപ്പ് 
The first epic with the aim of Malayalam is the great poet Azhakath Padmanabha Kurup.

Related pages
Kollam
Karunagappally
Thevalakkara
Neendakara
Chavara

References

Other websites
Kerala.gov.in
Klm.kerala.gov.in
Keralatourism.org

Villages in Kollam district
Agkistrodon contortrix is a species of venomous snake. The common name for this species is the eastern copperhead. It lives mainly on the eastern coast of North America and in the Mississippi drainage. They're common. Compared to others they're more likely to bite if they feel threatened. They're medium-sized. One of the longest ones ever recorded measuring a little more than four feet long. The copperhead is venomous, but its venom is rarely fatal to humans.

Description 

Copperhead snakes have reddish-brown bodies with a crossband pattern consisting of tan and copper. The average length adult copperheads is 76 cm in length. and are normally described as heavy-bodied snakes. Copperheads are sexually dimorphic. The head has a solid, rich brown color. Copperhead venom is usually not fatal to healthy adult humans. They can live up to 18 years.
Distribution and Habitat
It is found in North America. In the United States, it is found in Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Northern Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia. In Mexico, it is found in Chihuahua and Coahuila.

It lives in many different types of habitats. In most of North America, it likes deciduous forest and mixed woodlands. During the winter, it hibernates in caves or in cracks in limestone. It is also found in coniferous forest. It is also found in the Chihuahuan Desert of West Texas and northern Mexico.
Diet and predators 
The copperhead eats mainly rodents, especially mice. Sometimes it eats birds, other reptiles, even snakes, and amphibians. They also feed on some insects, a lot of times cicadas, because of their size that'll fill a copperhead up. They eat other animals, but they're not the apex predator around their habitat, Their natural predators include kingsnakes, water moccasins (also known as cottonmouths), bullfrogs, large birds of prey, coyotes, alligators, and an other predators.

Behaviour 
The copperhead snake is active from March or April to early November in the northern part of its range. During the winter, they have been seen to basking on warm days in December and January. Even though copperheads have been seen hibernating by themselves they usually hibernate together.

Copperheads are mainly active during the day in the spring and autumn. In the summer months, they become nocturnal to hunt during the evening.
Reproduction 
The copperhead snake breeds in late summer, but not every year. They give birth to their young ones alive. They usually give birth to four to seven young ones. The young ones are lighter in color, and with a yellowish-green-marked tip to the tail, which is used to lure lizards and frogs.

Venom 
Even though copperhead snakes are venomous, bites are almost never fatal. The symptoms of a bite from a copperhead snake is extreme pain, tingling, throbbing, swelling, and severe nausea.

The venom of the southern copperhead has been found to hold a protein called "contortrostatin" It stops the growth of cancer cells in mice and also stops the tumors from moving to other places in the body. However, further testing is needed to make sure that it is safe and efficient in humans.

The antivenom CroFab is used to treat copperhead bites that show symptoms. It is not given when there is no symptoms.

References 

Vipers
Snakes of North America
Hansestadt Stendal or Stendal () is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. About 40,000 people live in the city.

It is the capital of the Stendal District and the main town in the Altmark region.

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Tale of Catfish and Toad () is a 1993 Vietnamese animated film which was based on the fairy tale, directed by Ngô Mạnh Lân.

Plot

Catfish steals the tadpoles of Toad. Toad appeal to the official Tiger who orders the Catfish imprisoned. However Catfish's wife bribes the mandarin's assistant to have the case re-examined. After inspection of the pond the mandarin's inspectors declare that the tadpoles are the true offspring of Catfish.

Production

 Style : Cutout animation
 Artist : Nguyễn Bích, Hữu Đức, Bùi Nga
 Animator : Phan Trung, Bùi Nga
 Decorating : Đăng Giáp, Vinh Hoa, Mỹ Lưu, Bích Hạnh, Phạm Thị Hiền
 Sound : Kim Thục, Minh Tâm
 Montage : Kim Oanh
 Voice : Ngọc Phú, Duy Thân, Đoàn Thanh Bình, Mạnh Hùng, Thu Hằng, Chí Hạnh
 Color printing by National Studio for Documentary and Scientific Films

References

Vietnamese animated movies
1990s animated movies
Tale of Gióng the Saint () is a 1970 Vietnamese animated film which was based on the mythology, directed by Ngô Mạnh Lân.

Plot
Tale of Gióng the Saint who was a hero of Phu Dong village.

Production
By this film, director Ngô Mạnh Lân was called Sir "Gióng" Lân. The film was produced at the time of Vietnamization when USAF attacked North Vietnam. Vietnam Animation Studio's staffs had evacuated in Vĩnh Phú province (now Phú Thọ province). They has performed the film at the night with oil lamp's light.
 Style : Puppet animation
 Artist : Mai Long
 Color printing by National Studio for Documentary and Scientific Films

Award
 Merit prize of Moskva International Film Festival, 1971.
 Golden Lotus prize at the Vietnam Film Festival II, 1973.

References

 Vietnamese animation - The unforgotten ways

Vietnamese animated movies
1970 movies
Tale of moon rabbits () is a 1967 Vietnamese animated film, directed by Hồ Quảng.

Plot
At Mid-Autumn Festival, one bear stealed moon. Then a turtle with moon rabbits has determined to rescue the moon. But a tiger, a cobra and foxs prevented road to eat moon rabbits.

Production
 Artist : Hữu Đức
 Animator : Đình Dũng, Thế Thiện, Đặng Hiền, Sỹ Nhạc, Nghiêm Dung, Dân Quốc, Thanh Bồng, Huy Đắc
 Decorating : Phan Thị Hà
 Sound : Hoàng Việt
with Vietnam National Symphony Orchestra by conducting of Trần Quý.

References

Vietnamese animated movies
1967 movies
The babygirl and the flowerpot () is a 1970 Vietnamese animated movie, directed by Nghiêm Dung.

Production

 Artist : Hữu Đức
 Animator : Dân Quốc, Đình Dũng, Bảo Quang, Vũ Tân Dân, Kiến Hiền, Sỹ Nhạc, Song An
 Decorating : Khắc Y
 Sound : Cao Huy
 Montager : Nguyễn Thị Tám
 Color printing by the Vietnamese Technology for Film Production Factory

Awards
 Merit prize of Moskva International Film Festival, 1973.

References

Vietnamese animated movies
1971 movies
The Welldeserved Fox () is a 1959 Vietnamese animated movie, directed by Lê Minh Hiền and Trương Qua.

Plot
The movie was based on poem The fox and the hive (Con cáo và tổ ong) by Hồ Chí Minh.

In a forest lived Bear and Chicken. Once, Chicken was enticed by Fox for his eating. But Chicken ran away luckily.

Then Bear seeked Chicken and called Bees to chase Fox.

Production
The Welldeserved Fox was known as the first animated movie of the North Vietnam.

By first plan, the movie would has the 300m length on 10 minutes, 15 thousand drawings on the 18x24cm size of cellophane. But Vietnamese infrastructures could not response, then drawers used typewriter papers which were soaked oil. Besides, their "desks" were glass windows what were in Vietnam Animation Studio's house on Hoàng Hoa Thám Street (Hanoi).
 Animators : Lê Minh Hiền, Trương Qua, Hồ Quảng...

Award
 Golden Lotus prize at the Vietnam Film Festival II (1973) for the best artists (Hồ Quảng and Trương Qua).

References
References

 Chỗ đứng nào cho phim hoạt hình Việt ?
 Phim hoạt hình Việt Nam "tỉnh giấc" ? 
 Khoảng trống phim hoạt hình Việt Nam

Vietnamese animated movies
1959 movies
Hare and Wolf () is a Vietnamese animated series. It was directed by M.A. Đặng Nhân Lập.

Plot
 Episode 01 (1991) : A tail of Wolf ()
 Episode 02 (1992) : The ear and the eye ()
 Episode 03 (1993) : Travelling a day... ()
 Episode 04 (2000) : Believing the sky is as small as the cooking pot's lid ()
 Episode 05 (2001) : Believing the sky will ruin ()

Production
 Assistant : Bùi Quỳnh
 Artist : Lý Thu Hà, Lập Thu
 Animators : Lan Phương, Thanh Việt, Tường Long, Nguyễn Thị Măng, Phùng Văn Hà, Ngô Ngọc Long, Hoàng Linh, Doãn Thùy, Thanh Huyền, Minh Nguyệt
 Decorating : Thu Lý, Hồng Sơn, Bình Minh
 Sound : Tạ Quốc Khánh, Mạnh Kiên, Trần Toàn
 Montager : Kim Oanh, Viết Phú
 Actors : Phú Đôn (Wolf), Trung Hiếu (Fox & Pup the Police)
 Theme : Why you in a hurry to get married (Sao em nỡ vội lấy chồng) composed by Trần Hiếu with Wolf's singing
 Color printing by National Studio for Documentary and Scientific Films

Related pages
 Tom and Jerry

References
References

1990s animated television series
2000s animated television series
Vietnamese animated movies
Movies about rabbits and hares
Movies about wolves
Television shows about rabbits and hares
The Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces or ARVN (/QLVNCH), were the official armed defence forces of the Republic of Vietnam (RVN), popularly known as South Vietnam, a state that existed from 1955 to 1975 that control half of Vietnam what is now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.  The QLVNCH was responsible for the defence of the Republic of Vietnam since its independence from France in October 1955.
Branches
The QLVNCH was formally established on December 30, 1955 by the Strongman and republican first President of the Republic of Vietnam (known simply as ‘South Vietnam’) Ngo Dinh Diem, which he declared on October 26 that year after winning a rigged referendum for either making South Vietnam a constitutional monarchy, or a presidential republic.  Created out from ex-French Union Army colonial Indochinese auxiliary units (French: Supplétifs), gathered earlier on July 1951 into the French-led Vietnamese National Army – VNA (Vietnamese: Quân Đội Quốc Gia Việt Nam – QĐQGVN), Armée Nationale Vietnamiènne (ANV) in French, the armed forces of the new state consisted in the mid-1950s of ground, air, and naval branches of service, respectively:
 Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)
 Republic of Vietnam Air Force (VNAF)
 Republic of Vietnam Navy (VNN)
Command structure

Regional Commands

Related pages

 Cambodian Civil War
 First Indochina War
 Khmer National Armed Forces
 Laotian Civil War
 Royal Lao Armed Forces
 Republic of Vietnam Air Force
 Republic of Vietnam Navy
 Republic of Vietnam National Police
 Republic of Vietnam Marine Division
 Vietnam People's Army (NVA)
 Vietnamese National Army (ANV)
 Vietnam War
 Weapons of the Vietnam War

References
Gordon L. Rottman and Ron Volstad, US Army Special Forces 1952-84, Elite series 4, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1985. 
Gordon L. Rottman and Ron Volstad, Vietnam Airborne, Elite Series 29, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1990. 
Gordon L. Rottman and Ramiro Bujeiro, Army of the Republic of Vietnam 1955-75, Men-at-arms series 458, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2010. 
Kenneth Conboy and Simon McCouaig, South-East Asian Special Forces, Elite series 33, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1991. 
Lee E. Russell and Mike Chappell, Armies of the Vietnam War 2, Men-at-arms series 143, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1983. .
Leroy Thompson, Michael Chappell, Malcolm McGregor and Ken MacSwan, Uniforms of the Indo-China and Vietnam Wars, Blandford Press, London 1984. ASIN: B001VO7QSI
Martin Windrow and Mike Chappell, The French Indochina War 1946-54, Men-at-arms series 322, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 1998.
Further reading
Jade Ngoc Quang Huynh, South Wind Changing, Graywolf Press, Minnesota 1994. ASIN: B01FIW8BJG
Mark Moyar, Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954-1965, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. 2009. , 0521757630
Neil L. Jamieson, Understanding Vietnam, The Regents of the University of California press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California 1995. ASIN: B00749ZBRC
Nguyen Cao Ky, How we lost the Vietnam War, Stein & Day Pub 1979. , 0812860160
Tran Van Don, Our Endless War: Inside Vietnam, Presidio Press, Novato, California 1978. , 0891410198

20th-century establishments in Vietnam
Vietnam War
1955 establishments in Asia
1975 disestablishments in Asia
Pentti Kalevi Siimes (10 September 1929 – 27 October 2016) was a Finnish actor. He appeared in 86 movies and television shows between 1946 and 2008. He was born in Helsinki, Finland.

Siimes starred in the movie Miriam, which was entered into the 8th Berlin International Film Festival. He was known for his role as PFC. Määttä in the 1955 movie The Unknown Soldier.

Siimes died on 27 October 2016 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 87.

References

Other websites 

 

1929 births
2016 deaths
Finnish movie actors
Actors from Helsinki
The thread snake or the slender blind snake (Leptotyphlops carlae) is the smallest known snake. They can be found in North America, South America, Asia and Africa.

They live in places like rainforests and dry areas like deserts, and are known to appear near ant and termite nests. This is the main source of their diet. Thread snakes lay eggs.

Snakes
Ophidiophobia or ophiophobia is the abnormal fear of snakes. It is sometimes called herpetophobia, which is a fear of reptiles or amphibians. The word comes from the Greek words "ophis" () meaning snake, and "phobia" () meaning fear. 

This is a phobia, so it does not include people who do not like snakes or fear them for their venom. A person with ophidiophobia (called an ophidiophobe) not only fears them when in live contact, but is scared to think about them or even see them in video or still pictures.

About a third of adult humans are ophidiophobic, making this the most common reported phobia. Scientists think that mammals may have an innate fear of snakes. This was vital for their survival as it allowed such dangerous threats to be identified immediately.

References

Snakes
Phobias
Eric Michael Swalwell Jr.  (born November 16, 1980) is an American politician. He served as the U.S. Representative from California since 2013. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was elected in November 2012, beating incumbent Pete Stark, a fellow Democrat who had held the office since 1973. Swalwell took office on January 3, 2013.

Swalwell announced his candidacy on April 8, 2019 for the Democratic presidential nomination in the upcoming 2020 election on April 8, 2019. He dropped out from the race exactly three months later on July 8.

References

Other websites
Congressman Eric Swalwell official U.S. House site
Eric Swalwell for Congress 

 
Links formerly displayed via the CongLinks template:
 Biography at Ballotpedia

1980 births
Living people
2020 United States presidential candidates
Lawyers from California
United States representatives from California
Politicians from Iowa
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Iowa
Dil Se Dil Tak (English: From Heart To Heart) was an  Indian Hindi romantic television drama, which premiered on 30 January 2017 and aired on Colors TV.
The show deals with the concepts of surrogacy and selfless love. Its premise is based on the 2001 Bollywood film Chori Chori Chupke Chupke.The Show went Off Air on 1 June 2018 and it got replaced by Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka.

Storyline
The Story initially focussed on the lives of Parth (Siddharth Shukla) and Shorvori (Rashami Desai), a happily married couple, which changes after the entry of Teni (Jasmin Bhasin), a young bubbly girl, who decides to become a surrogate mother to their child. But the Story now deals with the Love Triangle of Parth (Rohan Gandotra), Teni (Jasmin Bhasin) and Iqbal (Mohammed Iqbal Khan).
Parth Bhanushali (Siddharth Shukla), the grandson and heir to the conservative and affluent Bhanushali family falls in love with their employee, the Bengal-based beautiful Shorvori (Rashami Desai), and marries her, despite rejection by and subsequent separation from their family. Two years later, Shorvori gets pregnant and is accepted by Parth's family. However, an unfortunate accident results in a miscarriage, rendering Shorvori infertile. Parth and Shorvori keep the miscarriage hidden from the family, not wanting to ruin their happiness and contentment. Then enters their lives, Teni (Jasmin Bhasin), a carefree-outgoing-lively-bubbly Gujarati girl whom Parth and Shorvori select for surrogacy, in return of their promise to fulfill Teni's dream of going to America. Teni gets pregnant with Parth and Shorvori's child through IVF. Shorvori introduces Teni as her cousin to the family as she begins to live in Bhanushali house
. Parth's aunt Poyni (Urvashi Upadhyay) with her daughter Sejal (Himani Sharma) doubt that Teni is hiding something and to be not related to Shorvori, given her ways and Gujarati dialect. Sejal tries to defame Teni in front of the family but in vain. Later, the family arranges for Teni's engagement, but she manages to call it off, proclaiming that she is already in a relationship with Parth's friend, Aman (Kunal Verma). Aman comes from the US on Dadaji's (Tej Sapru) insistence to get the situation clear but ends up falling in love with Teni at first sight and proposes marriage to Teni. Teni agrees, to fulfill her desire to get settled in America and live a financially secure life with her lover, Aman. Parth's family conducts a ritual for his and Shorvori's prospective child's welfare but on Shorvori's insistence, Teni sits in the puja with Parth as she is bearing the child
. Teni wavers in her decision to marry Aman as she starts falling in love with Parth, the love that she realises as her impending marriage with Aman approaches, but decides to marry Aman for his, Parth and Shovori's sake. Teni however ends up confessing her feelings to Parth as he contemplates revealing everything to Shorvori. Meanwhile, Bhanushali family is in turmoil following the revelations regarding Teni's pregnancy as Parth accepts the baby to be his! Aman is even forced to break all ties with her and he walks out of her life. But when Shorvori come to Parth and Teni's defense, Dadaji comes to the shocking decision of banishing the trio from the family. But on getting to know of the surrogacy truth, the family eventually forgives Parth, Shorvori and Teni as they are again welcomed in the Bhanushali family.
Parth-Shorvori along with the entire Bhanushali family redouble their efforts to take care of Teni and the perspective child. However, Indu (Vaishnavi Mahant), Parth's mother, starts criticizing Shorvori,for lying about her pregnancy to the family. Shorvori feels distressed and goes on to misunderstand Parth's growing relationship with Teni upon noticing Parth and Teni in few random situations. Shorvori makes a stern request, following which Parth stays away from Teni and even refuses to talk to her. Now with the two people closest to her acting distant and aloof, Teni feels neglected and interacts with Parth ragarding the matter as Shorvori walks in and spotting them together, she lashes out at Parth for breaking his promise and accuses him of cheating on her and takes the drastic decision of leaving the house, ending her relationship with Parth. Later, Teni gets to know that Shorvori has brain tumour and is going to die soon. She just pretended as if she misunderstood Parth and Teni to earn their hatred
. She forbids Teni from informing Parth about her condition and wants Teni to be the woman for Parth after her death. Shorvori continues her drama to make Parth and family members hate her, but in vain. Teni decides to help her out in her drama as finally, Shorvori sends divorce papers to Parth and even gets him arrested for one night. The family turns against Shorvori as they now believe that Parth should forget Shorvori and marry Teni instead.The entire family supports Teni when she decides to leave the house with the unborn child as Parth had declined her marriage proposal. Parth begins to suspect Shorvori's true intentions and asks Teni to make Shorvori sign the divorce papers in his presence as a condition for marrying Teni. Shorvori calls Teni talk in private, but meets with an accident as her car's brakes fail and it crashes into a tree. Teni witnesses the accident but fails to rescue Shorvori as the car goes up in flames, killing Shorvori!
Teni informs Parth and the family that Shorvori is dead, much to their shock. Parth disbelieves her, but is heartbroken on seeing the dead body in the hospital. While the family members lament Shorvori's death, Parth struggles to cope with the pain of losing her. Teni, following Shorvori's wish, together with the family, finally convinces Parth to move on for the sake of his and Shorvori's unborn child, however, refuses to marry Teni. On seeing the accident video of Shorvori on Teni's phone, Parth accuses her of murdering Shorvori and tries to get her arrested, without listening Teni's explanation. But Dadaji takes Teni's side and saves her. Thereafter, Teni, following another heated argument with Parth, has labour pain as in just 7 months, she gives birth to a baby girl (whom Teni later names the baby as Ipshita, as per late Shorvori's wish, from Parth's 'P',Shorvori's 'S' and Teni's 'T')
. After her delivery, Teni's life is at stake, but Parth donates blood to her, saving her life; and in return, Teni, following Parth's demand, leaves the house and again settles in her colony, where she starts her catering business.
Cast

Main Cast
 Siddharth Shukla as Parth Bhanushali (Shorvari's Husband and Teni's friend) (2016-2017)
 Rashmi Desai as Shorvari Bhanushali (Parth's wife and Teni's friend) (2017-2018)
 Rohan Gandotra as Parth Bhanushali (Teni's Husband and Ipshita's Father) (2017, for 6 months)
 Jasmin Bhasin as Teni Parth Bhanushali (Parth's Wife and Ipshita's Mother) (2017–Present)
 Mohammed Iqbal Khan as Iqbal Khan (Teni's Fiancé) (2018–Present)
 Chhahat Tewani as Ipshita Parth Bhanushali (Parth & Teni's Daughter) (2018–Present)
Recurring Cast
Tej Sapru as Purushottam Bhanushali (Parth's Grandfather) (2017–Present)
Dolly Minhas as Ambika Purushottam Bhanushali (Parth's Grandmother) (2017–Present)
Sachin Parikh as Ramnik Purushottam Bhanushali (Parth's Father) (2017–Present)
Vaishnavi Mahant as Indu Ramnik Bhanushali (Parth's Mother) (2017–Present)
Urvashi Upadhyay as Poyni Bhanushali (Parth's Aunt and Indu's Sister) (2017–Present)
Abha Parmar as Ammi (Iqbal's Mother) (2018–Present)
Zubeida Verma as Khala (2018–Present)
Tamanna Arora as Rashida (2018–Present)
Siddharth Shukla as Parth Ramnik Bhanusali (Shorvori's Husband and Ipshita's Father) (2017) (Left the Show)
Rashami Desai as Shorvori Parth Bhanushali (Parth's Wife and Ipshita's Mother) (Alive) (2017–18)
Khyati Keswani as Dr. Jalpa Bharat Kumar (Parth's Paternal Aunt and Ramnik's Sister) (2017–Present)
Jignesh Joshi as Dr. Bharat Kumar (Parth's Uncle and Jalpa's Husband) (2017–Present)
Gouri Agarwal as Jagruti Ramnik Bhanushali (Parth's Yonger Sister) (2017–18)
2017 Indian television series debuts
Hindi-language television series
2018 television series endings
2018 disestablishments in India
Bengt Nilsson (17 February 1934 —  11 May 2018) was a Swedish high jumper. In 1954 he won the Swedish and European titles and set a European record at 2.11 m. He was awarded the Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal. He was born in Härnösand, Sweden.

Nilsson got injured at the 1956 Summer Olympics and finished only 26th. He retired from athletics shortly thereafter.

Nilsson died on 11 May 2018 at the age of 84.

References

1934 births
2018 deaths
Swedish Olympians
Swedish athletes
High jumpers
Michael Lawrence Slive (July 26, 1940 – May 16, 2018) was an American attorney and college sports executive. He was born in Utica, New York.

Slive was the commissioner of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) from 2002 until 2015. He served as the coordinator of the Bowl Championship Series for the 2006 and 2007 regular seasons. He was a member of the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Committee through September 2009 and served as the chairman of the committee for the 2008–09 academic year. He retired as commissioner effective July 31, 2015.

Slive died of prostate cancer in Birmingham, Alabama on May 16, 2018 at the age of 77.

References

1940 births
2018 deaths
Educators from New York (state)
Lawyers from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York (state)
Sportspeople from New York (state)
People from Utica, New York
Utica () is a city in the Mohawk Valley and the county seat of Oneida County, New York, United States. Its population was 62,235 in the 2010 U.S. census.

It is located on the Mohawk River at the foot of the Adirondack Mountains. Utica is about 90 miles (145 km) northwest of Albany and 45 miles (72 km) east of Syracuse. Utica and the nearby city of Rome anchor the Utica–Rome Metropolitan Statistical Area, which makes up all of Oneida and Herkimer counties.

Notes

References

Other websites
 NYPL Digital Gallery, Items related to Utica, NY
 Library of Congress, Prints & Photos Division, Items related to Utica, NY
 SkyscraperPage, Diagram of skyscrapers in Utica, NY

Cities in New York (state)
County seats in New York (state)
State College is a borough in Centre County in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is the largest designated borough in Pennsylvania.  In the 2010 census, the borough population was 42,034 with about 105,000 living in the borough plus the surrounding townships often referred to locally as the "Centre Region." 

Many of these Centre Region communities also carry a "State College, PA" address although are not part of the borough of State College.

State College is a college town, dominated economically and demographically by the presence of the University Park campus of the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State).

References

Other websites
 Borough of State College Government website

Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Bassetki is a small village in Iraq, in Dohuk Governorate of autonomous Iraqi Kurdistan. Several important archaeological finds were made there.

Archaeological finds 
In 1975 a fragment of a figure of Naram-Sin of Akkad was found near Bassetki. The statue is now called the Bassetki Statue.
In the summer of 2017, archaeologists from the University of Tübingen in Germany uncovered a collection of Assyrian cuneiform tablets hidden inside a collection of ceramic jugs. These tablets are 3,200 years old. They indicate that the ancient lost royal city of Mardaman was where Bassetki is today.

References 

Archaeological sites in Iraq
Brahmagupta () (born , died ) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer. He was the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta (BSS, "correctly established doctrine of Brahma", dated 628).

Brahmagupta was the first to give rules to compute with zero. The texts composed by Brahmagupta were composed in elliptical verse in Sanskrit, as was common practice in Indian mathematics.  As no proofs are given, it is not known how Brahmagupta's results were derived.

References

Other websites
 Brahmagupta's Brahma-sphuta-siddhanta edited by Ram Swarup Sharma, Indian Institute of Astronomical and Sanskrit Research, 1966. English introduction, Sanskrit text, Sanskrit and Hindi commentaries (PDF)

590s births
660s deaths
Indian mathematicians
Astronomers
Fuke Zen was a branch of Zen Buddhism which existed in Japan from the 13th century until the late 19th century. Fuke monks were noted for playing the shakuhachi flute as a form of meditation. It was characterized in the public imagination of Japan by the Fuke Zen monks playing the shakuhachi flute while wearing a large woven basket hat that covered their entire head as they went on pilgrimage.

Buddhism
Religion in Japan
Siberian languages may refer to any languages spoken in Siberia, including:

the Eskimo–Aleut languages spoken in northeastern Siberia
the Mongolic languages spoken in Siberia
the Paleosiberian languages, several linguistic isolates and small families
the Russian dialects spoken in Siberia
the Siberian Turkic languages
the Tungusic languages spoken in northern and eastern Siberia
the Uralic languages spoken in northwestern Siberia
the Yeniseian languages spoken in central Siberia
German language spoken in  Omsk oblast
An orrery is a mechanical model of the Solar System. It shows the relative positions and motions of the planets and moons. It is usually a heliocentric model.

The Greeks had working planetaria. The first orrery that was a planetarium of the modern era was produced in 1704.  One was presented to Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery – hence the name. They are usually driven by a clockwork mechanism. The globe in the centre represents the Sun, and a planet is at the end of each arm.

The first known orrery was the  Antikythera mechanism, variously dated from 60 to 150 BC.

References 

Scientific modeling
Machines
1704
Clockwork means the inner workings of mechanical machines clocks (where it is also called a "movement". Also other similar mechanisms with a complex series of gears.

A clockwork mechanism usually has a clockwork motor. This has a mainspring, a spiral of metal ribbon.  Energy is stored in the mainspring by winding it up, turning a key attached to a ratchet which twists the mainspring tighter.  Then the force of the mainspring turns the clockwork gears, until the stored energy is used up.  The adjectives wind-up and spring-powered refer to mainspring-powered clockwork devices. These include clocks and watches, kitchen timers, music boxes, and wind-up toys.

References 

Motors
Clocks
Analogue computers are mechanical or electronic devices which solve problems. some are used to control machines. They were once the only way a machine could be controlled, and are still used in cases where digital computers are not the best choice. The abacus, a digital device also sometimes called a computer, was used by Babylonians in c. 2500 BC.

The earliest known analogue computer in metal was the Antikythera device. However, this was certainly not the first in other forms. Some people think that mental inventions count as analogue computers, such as the invention of the zero (Ancient Egypt 1700 BC). But in that case almost every invention by mankind would count as an analogue computer, and that is not really how the term is used.
Certainly the invention of the slide rule was important for calculations. They were developed in the 17th century by William Oughtred, after John Napier's work on logarithms. Slide rules are definitely mechanical calculating machines. They were the most commonly used tools in science and engineering before the 1960s/1970s.

For the industrial revolution the invention of James Watt's governor was critical, because it was a negative feedback control for large pumps and engines. In fact most analogue computers work with continuous data rather that discrete or digital data. They are like abstract models of the real world. An analogue engine models the critical aspects of the real-world engine.

Since the middle 20th century some wristwatches have had a circular slide rule built in. They were mostly used in aviation. Such a calculator is considered too technical a device for most other watch wearers.  The circular slide rule has not been emulated digitally in any notable applications.
Related pages 
Charles Babbage
Abacus

References 

Computing
Engineering
Forms of defense 
The tiger keelback is shy, so it would be rare to be attacked by one, but they sometimes do, and they do need to survive. And in order to survive, a snake must have a good form of defense. And the tiger keelback has a very interesting form of defense. In addition to having ordinary venomous snake fangs, they have another trick up their sleeve. Like the poison dart frog and sea slug, the tiger keelback doesn't bother to produce its own venom - rather, it gets its deadly venom from the toads it eats as part of its normal diet. When the tiger keelback feels even the tiniest bit threatened, it'll angle the two little glands on the back of its neck and use it against the predator, the one who seems a threat to the snake. The liquid, or rather, fluid, that exits the snake's nuchal glands contains something called bufadienolides, that irritate airways and affect heart muscle.
The snake eats poisonous toads, which fuels the snake's venom. The tiger keelback also eats a few other small vertebrates.

References

Colubrids
Snakes of Asia