Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Live A Live (1994)
 Front Mission (1995) (with Noriko Matsueda)
 Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars (1996)
 Tobal No. 1 (1996) (with many others)
 Parasite Eve (1998)
 Legend of Mana (1999)
 Hataraku Chocobo (2000)
 Kingdom Hearts (2002)
 Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga (2003)
 Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories (2004)
 Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time (2005)
 Kingdom Hearts II (2005)
 Pop'n Music Carnival (13) (2005) (with many others)
 Monster Kingdom: Jewel Summoner (2006) (with Shinji Hosoe, Hitoshi Sakimoto, Yasunori Mitsuda, Kenji Ito, Masaharu Iwata, Tsukasa Masuko, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Ayako Saso, and Takahiro Ogata)
 Heroes of Mana (2007)
 Luminous Arc 2 (2008) (with Akari Kaida, Yoshino Aoki, and Shunsuke Nakamura)
 Little King's Story (2008) (with Yutaka Minobe)
 Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days (2009)
 Kingdom Hearts coded (2009)
 Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story (2009)
 Pop'n Music The Movie (17) (2009) (with many others)
Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep (2010) (with Tsuyoshi Sekito and Takeharu Ishimoto)
 Last Ranker (2010)
 Xenoblade (2010) (with ACE+, Manami Kiyota, and Yasunori Mitsuda)
 The 3rd Birthday (2010) (with Tsuyoshi Sekito and Mitsuto Suzuki)
 Kingdom Hearts Re:coded (2010)
 Radiant Historia (2010)
 Half-Minute Hero II (2011)
 Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance (2012) (with Tsuyoshi Sekito and Takeharu Ishimoto)
 Demons' Score (2012)
 Mario & Luigi: Dream Team (2013)
 Exstetra (2013) (with many others)
 Final Fantasy XV (TBA)
 Kingdom Hearts III (TBA)
 "Future Mana Project" (TBA)
References

Other website 
Official website 

1967 births
Living people
Japanese composers
21st-century composers
Video game composers
20th-century composers
People from Hyōgo Prefecture
The Wachau is an Austrian valley.  It has pretty landscape formed by the Danube river. It is one of the biggest tourist places of Lower Austria.  It is midway between the towns of Melk and Krems. It is  in length.  People lived here in prehistoric times.  

A well-known place and tourist attraction is Dürnstein.  This is where King Richard the Lion-Heart of England was held captive by Duke Leopold V. 

The Wachau is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  This is for its architectural and agricultural history.

References

Valleys
World Heritage Sites in Austria
Regions of Austria
Lower Austria
Lake Neusiedl is the second largest steppe lake in Central Europe.  It goes across the Austrian and Hungarian border. The lake covers 315 km². 240 km² is on the Austrian side and 75 km² on the Hungarian side. The lake's drainage basin has an area of about 1,120 km². From north to south, the lake is about 36 km long.  It is between 6 km and 12 km wide from east to west. The lake is no more than 1.8 m deep.

Most of the lake is surrounded by reeds which serve as a home for animals.  The lake is an important resting place for migratory birds.

In 2001 the national parks in Austria and Fertő-Hanság in Hungary were together accepted as a World Heritage Site.

References

Biosphere reserves
World Heritage Sites in Austria
Neusiedl
Neusiedl
Burgenland
Eurobeat is electronic music derived from Italo-Disco and it has mainly been produced in Italy and Japan.

Famous Eurobeat Labels 
 Dave Rodgers Music (D.R.M)
 A-Beat-C
 Stefano Castagna Productions (S.C.P) music
 Sinclare style
 HI-NRG Revolution

Famous Eurobeat artists 
 Giancarlo Pasquini
 Christian Codenotti
 Ennio Zanini
 Maurizio De Jorio
Maureen Stapleton (June 21, 1925 – March 13, 2006) was an American television, movie and theater actress. She had a limited movie career. She died on March 13, 2006 from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

People from Troy, New York
Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Tony Award winning actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
1925 births
2006 deaths
Deaths from COPD
American television actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
Tango & Cash is a 1989 American buddy cop movie starring Sylvester Stallone and Kurt Russell. The movie is directed by Andrei Konchalovsky.

Stallone plays Ray Tango and Russell plays Gabriel Cash, LAPD narcotics detectives who are framed for murder by crime lord Yves Perret, played by Jack Palance. The officers have to work together to prove their innocence.

Other websites 

1989 comedy movies
1989 crime movies
1989 action movies
1980s criminal comedy movies
American action movies
American criminal comedy movies
Buddy cop movies
English-language movies
Movies about drugs
Movies set in Los Angeles
Warner Bros. movies
Movies directed by Andrei Konchalovsky
"Azərbaycan marşı" (, meaning "Azerbaijan March") is the national anthem of Azerbaijan. The song's music was composed by none other than Üzeyir Hacıbəyov. The words of the song were written by Əhməd Cavad.

History

The government of Azerbaijan made this song the country's national anthem in 1920, but shortly after, the Soviets invaded and then conquered them. Under the Soviet Union, playing this song was not allowed. Üzeyir Hacıbəyov, a famous composer, was forced to compose an Anthem of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. Decades went, and eventually, the USSR broke up. Right after, the new government of Azerbaijan made "Azerbaijan March" the national anthem again.

A part of the song is written on the back of the Azerbaijani 5 manat banknote issued since 2006.

Lyrics
The Azerbaijani law says that there are no official translations for this song.

References 

1920s songs
National symbols of Azerbaijan
Asian anthems
European anthems
An access network is the part of a telecommunications network that connects subscribers to their immediate service provider.

Networks
Electronics
Backpacker or backpacking may refer to:

 Backpacking (wilderness), hiking in the wild
 Backpacking (travel), travelling with only a backpack
 A traveller whose luggage consists of a backpack
 An inexpensive place to stay, such as a hostel
The Azerbaijanis, (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycanlılar) are a Turkic people living mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan. A small minority also live in southern Dagestan in Russia.
After the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813) and Russo-Persian War (1826–1828), the land of the Iranian Qajar dynasty in the Caucasus were given to the Russian Empire which makes up the present territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Lands which Iran kept are now known as Iranian Azerbaijan. Even though they live on two sides of an international border, the Azerbaijanis are a single ethnic group. However, northerners and southerners differ due to nearly two centuries of separate social evolution of Iranian Azerbaijanis and Russian/Soviet-influenced Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijani language unifies Azerbaijanis, and is mutually intelligible with Turkmen, Qashqai, Gagauz, Turkish, and the dialects spoken by the Iraqi Turkmen, all of which belong to the Oghuz, or Western, group of Turkic languages. The Azerbaijanis are mostly Shia Muslim.

Related pages 
 Iranian Azerbaijanis

Other websites 
 Azerbaijan -Citizendium

References 

 
Turkic peoples
Ethnic groups in Azerbaijan
Unitary may be:

 Unitary construction, in automotive design, another common term for a unibody or monocoque construction
Unitary as chemical weapons opposite of Binary
 Unitarianism, in Christian religion, the belief in a "unitary God" instead of the idea of the Trinity
 Unitarian Universalism (sometimes called "Unitarianism"), an interfaith church which gets its name from an interfaith concept of "unitary God"
 types of political regions
Unitary state
 Unitary authority 
 Unitary enterprise, a type of government-owned corporation in Russia and Belarus
 Unitary executive theory, a theory of American constitutional law

Mathematics
 E-unitary inverse semigroups
 Unitary matrix
 Unitary operator
 Unitary transformation
 Unitary group
 Unitary representation
 Unital (disambiguation)
 Unitarity (physics)
A constitutional republic is a state where the chief executive and representatives are elected, and the rules are set down in a written constitution. 

The head of state (president) and other representatives are elected but they do not have uncontrolled power. What their power is limited to is written in the constitution. If there is dispute about what the constitution means, this is decided by a court system that is independent from the representatives.

Constitutional republics usually have a separation of powers. The separation of powers means that no single officeholder gets unlimited power.  John Adams said that a constitutional republic was "a government of laws, and not of men".
Supporters of such a republic argue that it is meant to be a safeguard against tyranny. No office holder can get to a position of absolute power. However, some have argued that a constitution can be written in such a way that it lets tyranny arise, and that a constitution is therefore not a fail proof safeguard against tyranny.

Aristotle was the first to write about the idea in his works on politics.

Constitutional monarchies are a special case: even though the monarch is not elected, the people still elect other governing bodies. The constitution also limits the power of the monarch.

Comparisons 
Comparisons can be made. There are countries which nominally are constitutional republics, but which have become (in effect) dictatorships. There are also countries which have no written constitution, and are monarchies, but which act in a similar way to constitutional republics.

References

Related pages
constitutionalism
constitutional economics
democracy
rule of law

Forms of government
Artur Tahir oglu Rasizade (born 26 February 1935 in Ganja) was the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan from 2003 until 2018. Rasizada was a long-time Communist Party member during the Azerbaijan SSR period. He was Prime Minister from July 20, 1996 until August 4, 2003. 

He quit due to health reasons. This let President Heydar Aliyev's son Ilham Aliyev become Prime Minister. Rasizada continued to act as Prime Minister for Ilham Aliyev.  He formally returned to the job on November 4, after Ilham Aliyev was elected as president.

Awards
Rasizade was awarded with Istiglal Order for his contributions to economic development of Azerbaijan by President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev on February 23, 2005.

References 

1935 births
Prime Ministers of Azerbaijan
New Azerbaijan Party politicians
Azerbaijan Communist Party (1920) politicians
Soviet politicians
Azerbaijani communists
Azerbaijani engineers
Azerbaijani academics
Living people
Mechanical engineers
Albania (usually called Caucasian Albania is name is for the historical region of the eastern Caucasus. The native name for the country is unknown. It was on the land of present-day  Azerbaijan and partially southern Dagestan.

References

Caucasus
Former countries in Europe
History of Azerbaijan
Ancient history of Azerbaijan
4th-century BC establishments
8th-century disestablishments
was a  after Engi and before Jōhei.  This period started in April 923 and ended in April 931.  The reigning emperors were  and .

Events of the Enchō era
 929 (Enchō 7, 8th month): Floods devastated the country and many died.
 24 July 930 (Enchō 8, 26th day of the 6th month): Lightning struck the Imperial Palace.  Fuijwara no Kiyotsura and Taira no Mareyo and many others were killed.  The deaths were interpreted as an act of revenge by the spirit of the late Sugawara Michizane.
 16 October 930 (Enchō 8, 22nd day of the 9th month): In the 34th year of Daigo's reign, the emperor fell ill; and the succession (senso) was received by a his son.  Shortly thereafter, Emperor Suzaku's role as monarch was confirmed by ceremonies (sokui).
 23 October 930 (Enchō 8, 29th day of the 9th month): Emperor Daigo  died at the age of 46.

Gallery

In Enchō 8, the thunder and lightning of a great storm were believed to show the angry spirit of Sugawara Michizane

Related pages 
 Heian period

References
References

Other websites 
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
923 establishments
10th-century establishments in Japan
931 disestablishments
930s disestablishments in Asia
10th-century disestablishments in Japan
Year 1223 (MCCXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events 
 March 25 – Sancho II is crowned King of Portugal
 May 31 – Battle of the Kalka River: The Mongol armies of Genghis Khan defeat the Russian warriors.
 August 6 – Louis VIII is crowned King of France.
 The Franciscan Rule is approved by Pope Honorius III.
 Failure of an attempt by the Sicilian fleet to reconquer Jerba.

Births 
 John FitzAlan, 6th Earl of Arundel (d. 1267)
 Baibars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt and Syria (d. 1277)
 Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer (d. 1265)
 Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, Last Native Prince of Wales (d. 1282)

Deaths 
 March 8 – Wincenty Kadłubek, Polish bishop and historian (b. 1161)
 March 25 – King Afonso II of Portugal (b. 1185)
 July 14 – King Philip II of France (b. 1165)
 Giorgi IV Lasha, King of Georgia (b. 1192)
 Giraldus Cambrensis Cambro-Norman clergyman and chronicler (b. 1146)
 Mstislav III of Kiev
 Mukhali, Mongol general
 Unkei, Japanese sculptor (b. 1151)

References
Singapore Standard Time (abbreviation: SST; ) or Singapore Time (abbreviation: SIN; ) is the time zone used in Singapore, 8 hours ahead of UTC (UTC+08:00).

History 
Singapore is situated 103° 51' 16" East of Greenwich and lies within the UTC+07:00 time zone. Before 31 May 1905, the local time was UTC+06:55:25 ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

During World War II, when the Japanese occupied Singapore, UTC+09:00 was used, to follow Japan time, while UTC+07:20 and UTC+07:30 were used for daylight saving time. When Peninsular Malaysia moved its standard time 30 minutes ahead from UTC+07:30 to UTC+08:00 on 31 December 1981, Singapore shifted too.

The city state started using UTC+08:00 on 1 January 1982 and the country celebrated New Year's Day half an hour earlier.

Other websites 
 Why is Singapore in the "Wrong" Time Zone?
Singapore Standard Time 
 National Metrology Centre 

Singapore
Singapore
The Vagina Monologues is a monologue play written by Eve Ensler. The production has been staged in many countries. Ensler originally starred in the play by herself, but she was later replaced by three celebrity monologists. A television version featuring Ensler was shown on cable TV channel HBO. Much of the profits made from the production went to women's anti-violence charities.

References

Other websites
The Vagina Monologues at Random House
V-Day official site
Official UK Page 
The Vagina Monologues at HBO.com

Women
American plays
1996 plays
The Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is a leopard subspecies. It is sometimes called the far eastern leopard.

The leopard lives in the Primorye region of southeastern Russia and in the Jilin Province of northeast China. It is critically endangered (IUCN). Only 14–20 adults and 5–6 cubs were counted in 2007. Only 19–26 Amur leopards live in the wild.
The Amur leopard's range has decreased considerably in the previous century. This species is still at high risk of extinction, and conservation efforts are ongoing. The Amur leopards are endangered because they have been hunted for their fur. Also because their food sources are running out due to them being hunted for their fur. Amur leopards can be recognized from the patterns in their fur. They weigh about . They live in temperate, broadleaf and mixed forests. The Amur Leopard almost extinct by human hunting. It's called human hunting since the humans tear down the forest so no tree and bushes so the leopard cannot hide. At that time, they hunt them and sell to get money.

The number of Amur cats is decreasing due to the human activity, invasion of domestic cats, and infectious disease. Because these cats play a huge role and the ecosystem cannot afford to lose such species, researchers found a way to regenerate the endangered animal. This can be done from culture cell with somatic cloning technique.
They breed in spring and early summer. Most of them are in captive breeding programs. They give birth to one to four cubs. Inbreeding is common in the wild. Their diet consists of roe deer, sika deer, badgers and hares.

References 

Panthera
Critically endangered species
Mammals of Asia
Der Freischütz is an opera in three acts by Carl Maria von Weber with a libretto by Friedrich Kind. It premiered on 18 June 1821 at the Schauspielhaus Berlin. The title is usually translated as The Marksman, or The Freeshooter.

The opera is the first important German Romantic opera, especially in its national identity and stark emotionality.
The plot is based on the German folk legend of the Freischütz and many of its tunes were inspired by German folk music.  Its unearthly portrayal of the supernatural in the famous Wolf's Glen scene has been described as "the most expressive rendering of the gruesome that is to be found in a musical score".

Notes 

1820s operas
Compositions by Carl Maria von Weber
Jeremy Lee Renner (born January 7, 1971) is an American actor, singer, and film producer.. He is famous for his role in the movie The Avengers. In The Avengers, he plays Hawkeye, a.k.a. Clint Barton. He appeared largely in independent films, such as Dahmer and Neo Ned. Renner appeared in supporting roles in bigger films, such as S.W.A.T. and 28 Weeks Later.

Other websites

1971 births
Living people
American stage actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Stanislaus County, California
Elles Bougent is a French voluntary association created in 2005 in order to attract high school girls and young students women to careers in transportation engineering (aerospace, car, rail).

Governance 
The association was created in 2005 by Marie-Sophie Pawlak.

Members 
The association consists of natural persons (high school girls and women students in science and technology, women engineers or technicians in operation) and artificial person (companies, universities).

Business & Federations

Higher education

Institutional 
 Minister of the Economy, Finances and Industry
 Minister of Social Affairs

Other websites

References 

Transport in France
2005 establishments in France
Educational organizations based in France
The Avengers is a 2012 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers. It is produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sixth movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) and the last movie of Phase One. It premiered in Los Angeles on April 11, 2012 and was released in the United States on May 4. The movie was written and directed by Joss Whedon. It stars Robert Downey Jr., Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo, Chris Hemsworth, Scarlett Johansson, Jeremy Renner, Tom Hiddleston, and Samuel L. Jackson, with Stellan Skarsgård, Clark Gregg, Cobie Smulders, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Paul Bettany in supporting roles. It was positively welcomed from audiences, fans, and film critics alike. Three sequels have been released, titled Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018) and Avengers: Endgame (2019).

Release Dates

Other websites
Other websites 

2012 science fiction movies
2012 action movies
Movies based on comic book characters
American action movies
American science fiction movies
Avengers movies
Disney movies
English-language movies
Marvel Cinematic Universe movies
Movies directed by Joss Whedon
Screenplays by Joss Whedon
American superhero movies
2010s superhero movies
, also romanized as Shōhei, was a  after Enchō and before Tengyō.  This period started in April 931 and ended in May 938.  The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Jōhei era
 3 September 931 (Jōhei 1, 19th day of the 7th month): The former-Emperor Uda died at the age of 65.
 932 (Jōhei 2, 8th month): Fujiwara no Sadakata died at the age of 65.
 933 (Jōhei 3, 8th month): Fujiwara no Nakahira is named Minister of the Right (udaijin).
 933 (Jōhei 3, 12th month): Ten of the chief dignitaries of the empire went falcon-hunting together in Owari province. Each of them was magnificent in his formal hunting attire.
 935 (Jōhei 5): The Great Fundamental Central Hall (kompon chūdō) on Mt. Hiei burned down.
 7 September 936 (Jōhei 6, 19th day of the 8th month): Fujiwara Tadahira was named Prime Ministger (daijō-daijin). Fujiwara Nakahira was named Minister of the Left (sadaijin), and Fujiwara Tsunesuke was named udaijin.
 937 (Jōhei 7, 12th month): The former-Emperor Yōzei celebrated his 70th birthday.
Related pages
 Heian period

References

Other websites 
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
931 establishments
10th-century establishments in Japan
938 disestablishments
10th-century disestablishments in Japan
930s disestablishments in Asia
Geraldine Page (22 November 1924 – 13 June 1987) was an American theater and movie actress. She was nominated for eight Academy Awards during her career. Page was born around Kirksville, Missouri.

1924 births
1987 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American stage actors
American movie actors
DePaul University alumni
Actors from Missouri
Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Joanne is a female based name. The pronunciation of the name is [ joh-an ]. The name Joanne is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan, which means "God is gracious." It was popular as recently as around 1975 in Northern Ireland and United Kingdom. In Hebrew, Joanne means God is Gracious. There are many celebrities who have the name, like Joanne Dru, Joanne Missingham, Joanne Woodward and Joanne Whalley. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

People 

 Joanne Missingham, Taiwanese go player
 Joanne Woodward , American actress
 Joanne Whalley, British actress

References

Given names
Gethsemane is a garden at the foot of the Mount of Olives. It is most famous for being the place where Jesus and his disciples are said to have prayed the night before Jesus' crucifixion.

Related pages
Judas Iscariot

Bible
Buildings and structures in Jerusalem
Religion in Israel
History
The start of the dynasty is connected with Shamsaddin Eldaniz of Kipchak origin. Thus, Eldaniz, who took Arran as an iqta by Sultan Masud, soon spread his power throughout Azerbaijan.  After his son Arslanshah also ruled in 1160, Eldaniz seized power in the Seljuk sultanate of Iraq. During the reign of Shamsaddin Eldaniz, the lands covered Arran, Azerbaijan, Shirvan, Cibal, Hamadan, Gilan, Mazandaran, Isfahan, Rey, Mosul, Kirman, Persia, Khuzistan, Akhlat, Erzurum and Maragha.ere a Turkic dynasty of Kipchak origin.  They controlled most of northwestern Persia, eastern Transcaucasia, including Arran, most of Azerbaijan, and Djibal. At their biggest, the land they had was about most of north-western and upper-central modern Iran, most of the regions of modern Azerbaijan and smaller portions in modern Armenia, Turkey and Iraq.
The strengthening of the dynasty is connected with the period of Mohammad Jahan Pahlava.  After the death of Sultan Arslanshah in 1175, Jahan Pahlavan, who brought his 7-year-old son Togrul III to power, declared himself his ancestor and, like Shamsaddin Eldaniz, took de facto power. Atabey Jahan Pahlavan suppressed revolts against the central government and established friendly relations with the ruling dynasties in the neighborhood.  Since the period of Jahan Pahlava was a period of stability, cultural spheres developed in the lands under the rule of the Eldenizs.  During the reign of the mentioned Atabey, the capital of the Eldenizs was moved from Nakhchivan to Hamadan.

Atabeg
Atabeg means "father lord" in Turkic languages.  It was the title given to the Turkic officers of Seljuq dynasty. Atabegs were not only vice-regents, but also de-facto rulers.
List of Eldiguzids (Atabegs of Azerbaijan) 
 Shams al-Din Ildeniz or Eldigüz (ca.1135 or 1136-1174 or 1175)
 Mohammed Jahan Pahlavan (1174 or 1175–1186)
 Qizil Arslan (1186–1191)
 Abu Bakr (1191–1210)
 Uzbek (1210–1225)

References 

Medieval Azerbaijan
History of Iran
Azerbaijani dynasties
Royal dynasties
Serafin R. Cuevas (25 June 1928 – 9 February 2014) was a Filipino lawyer and a former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines appointed during the government of Ferdinand Marcos.

Early life and education
Serafin R. Cuevas was born on 25 June 1928 in Bacoor Cavite.
He went to Las Piñas Elementary School in his elementary education and to the University of Manila in his secondary education. He obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of the Philippines in 1952 and passed the Bar examination the same year.

Career
He started his career as a professorial lecturer at the College of Law of the University of the Philippines and at the Institute of Law of the Far Eastern University. Afterwards, he became an Assistant Fiscal of the City of Manila and then as Judge to the Court of First Instance.

Before his appoinment as an Associate Justice to the Supreme Court of the Philippines on May 31, 1984, he was Associate Justice to the Intermediate Appellate Court.
Death
Justice Cuevas died on February 9, 2014 from liver cancer.  He was 85.

References

Filipino politicians
Deaths from liver cancer
1928 births
2014 deaths
The Constitution of Azerbaijan was started on 12 November 1995 by a popular referendum. It was changed three times by a popular referendums, on 24 August 2002, on 18 March 2009 and on 26 September 2016. The constitution is the "highest legal force" in Azerbaijan.

Preamble
The Preamble to the Constitution says, in order to "provide prosperity and welfare of the whole society and each individual", that the following objectives be declared:
protection of national sovereignty and territorial integrity
a constitutional democracy
make a civil society
a secular state based upon the rule of law
a "worthy life level" for citizens and "just" economic and social order
observance of "universal human values", peace and international cooperation

Related pages
Constitution
Constitutionalism
Constitutional economics

References

Other websites

 The Constitution of Azerbaijan at the Presidential website 

Azerbaijan
Law of Azerbaijan
The Manat is the national money used in Azerbaijan. It is divided into 100 qəpik. The word manat comes from the Russian word "moneta" which means coin. Manat was also the name of the Soviet ruble in both the Azerbaijani and Turkmen languages.

The Azerbaijani manat symbol, , is not easily typed on computers, so "m" or "man." can be used instead.
Azerbaijani manat is also written as AZN. In Azerbaijan people can only use manats. Azebaijani manats are more valuable than the United States dollar and almost as valuable as the Euro.

Related pages
 Qəpik
 Azerbaijan 
 Economy of Azerbaijan
 Agriculture in Azerbaijan

Other websites

 Der Standard article on the redenomination 
 Azerbaijan International. Azerbaijan's New Manats: Design and Transition to a New Currency
 Catalog of Azeri coins and banknotes
    

Economy of Azerbaijan
Currency of Asia
Currency of Europe
Azerbaijan Time, or AZT, is a time zone used in Azerbaijan. The standard time zone is four hours ahead of UTC (UTC+4). 
The daylight saving time, Azerbaijan Summer Time (AZST), which was one hour ahead of the standard AZT at UTC+5 was abolished in March 2016.

References

Time zone
Azerbaijan
The driving side of a road is the side where vehicles must drive. Each country says whether vehicles will drive on the right-hand or left-hand side of the road. This is sometimes called the rule of the road. This basic rule makes traffic move more easily.  It also lowers the risk of head-on collisions. Today about 66.1% of the world's people live in countries that drive on the right-hand side; 33.9% live in countries that  drive on the left-hand side.

The side driven on is usually the inverse of the side on which a vehicle's steering wheel and instrument panel are located. That is, right-hand drive (RHD) vehicles are normal when driving on the left-hand side of the road, and left-hand drive (LHD) vehicles are used when driving on the right-hand side of the road.
Historically, before the creation of the automobile, people mostly rode on the left-hand side, since most people were right-handed and would whip their horses with their left hands. Warriors in battle could also use their right hand to hold and control their weapon. However, during the 1700s, many farmers began to pull their vehicles using teams of horses rather than just one. This was so that the driver could easily whip all the horses and so that the driver could see how close their wheels were to colliding to another wagon. In 1794, France passed the first right-hand driving laws, and this law would spread with Napolean's conquests. The territories and regions of the former Austro-Hungarian and Portuguese Empires refused to change the direction of driving at first, but most eventually chose to drive on the right-side. Only Mozambique, East Timor, and Macau (all former Portuguese colonies) still drive on the left-side
. Canada, Myanmar, Gibraltar, British Indian Ocean Territory, Belize, and a few countries in West Africa like Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and The Gambia all switched to driving on the right hand side of the road.
References

Road transport
Traffic
In France, the Répertoire national des certifications professionnelles (RNCP) has been created by article L. 335-6 of the Code de l'éducation (Education Code).

The répertoire national des certifications professionnelles has for purpose to make available to individuals and businesses constantly update information on educational degrees and certificates on the lists established by the commissions paritaires nationales de l'emploi des branches professionnelles (national commissions). It helps to facilitate access to employment, human resources management and mobility.

Certifications stored in the directory are recognized throughout the country.

Under the authority of the Minister for Vocational Training, the Commission nationale de la certification professionnelle establishes and updates the répertoire national des certifications professionnelles. It ensures the renewal and adaptation of diplomas.
Degrees are classified in the répertoire national des certifications professionnelles by field of activity and level. For this criterion, until the adoption of the new classification referred to in article 8 of decree of 26 April 2002 referred to above, diplomas are classified according to the nomenclature des niveaux de formation (levels of training) approved by decision of the permanent group of vocational training and social advancement.

References

Other websites 
Répertoire national des certifications professionnelles Official website 

Education in France
2002 establishments in France
Agnieszka Roma Radwańska (born 6 March 1989 in Kraków) is a former Polish tennis player.

In 2007, Radwańska became the first Polish player to win a WTA singles title. In 2012 she lost the final of the Wimbledon Championships to Serena Williams. She won WTA Finals in Singapour in 2015.

References

Other websites

  
 
 
 
 

1989 births
Living people
Female tennis players
Sportspeople from Kraków
Polish tennis players
Telephone numbers in Azerbaijan follow the recommended format for its telephone numbering plan.

A caller from outside Azerbaijan would dial the international access number, usually 00. They then dial the country code which is 994 for Azerbaijan.  Then they dial the two-digit area code, and then the seven-digit local number. 

For a local call one simply dials the local number.

Area codes in Azerbaijan
On 1 August 2011, Azerbaijan reorganized its national numbering plan for area codes. Only the area codes of Baku, Sumqayit, and the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (area codes 12, 18 and 36) stayed the same as before. The following tables list both the old and new area codes.

Baku

Sumqayit

Baku region

Shirvan region

Ganja region

Quba region

Shaki region

Lankaran region

Shusha region

Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

References 

Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) is in the United Nations System. The UNHRC took the place of the former United Nations Commission on Human Rights (CHR).  It was established by the United Nations General Assembly. 

The General Assembly made the UNHRC on 15 March 2006.  This was to replace the previous CHR.  People did not like the CHR because they allowed countries with poor human rights records to be members.

UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon and former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson have not liked that the council acts for politics instead of human rights. Several people have said the council focuses too much on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The United States did not take part in the Council when George W. Bush was president.  They changed when Barack Obama became President.
On 18 June 2007, the UNHRC made a plan for future work. They will assess the human rights in all 192 UN Member States. They will also allow people and organizations to bring complaints about human rights violations to the attention of the Council.

Presidents

References

United Nations
Human rights
2006 establishments
The Georgians are a Caucasian ethnic group that come from Georgia. Large Georgian communities are also present throughout Russia, European Union, United States, and South America.

The majority of Georgians are Eastern Orthodox Christian.  They mostly go by the national autocephalous Georgian Orthodox Church, which started in the 4th century. There are also Georgian Catholic and Muslim communities in Tbilisi and Adjara.  Located in Caucasus at the edge of Europe, the Georgian people have tried to keep their Christian identity.  There is a lot of pressure from the neighboring Muslim empires.

The Georgian language is the official language of the country.

References

Ethnic groups in Asia
Ethnic groups in Europe
Georgia (country)
 
Ethnic groups in Azerbaijan
Atropates (c. 370 BC – after 321 BC) was a Persian nobleman who served Darius III and then Alexander III of Macedon.  He made an independent kingdom.  A dynasty was named after him. Diodorus Siculus calls him 'Atrapes'. Quintus Curtius wrongly names him 'Arsaces'.

Biography
At the end of the Achaemenid Empire, Atropates was governor (satrap) of the Achaemenid province of Media. In the Battle of Gaugamela (October 331 BCE) between Darius and Alexander, Atropates was in charge of the Achaemenid troops of Media.
When Darius lost he went to the Median capital of Ecbatana. Atropates helped him. Darius tried to get a new army but could not.  He left Ecbatana in June 330 BCE. After Darius' death a month later at the hands of Bessus, Atropates surrendered to Alexander. Alexander first chose Oxydates as satrap of Media.  In 328-327 BCE Alexander did not trust in Oxydates' loyalty.  Atropates was made satrap again. In 325-324, Atropates gave Baryaxes (a rebel of the area) to Alexander. Alexander thought highly of Atropates.

Alexander died on June 10, 323 BCE. Atropates' new son-in-law Perdiccas was named regent of Alexander's half-brother Philip III. After the "Partition of Babylon" in 323 BCE, Media was divided into two parts. The greater portion in the south-east was governed by Peithon, a general of Perdiccas. The smaller portion in the north west was given to Atropates. At some point, Atropates made his part of Media an independent kingdom. His son-in-law Perdiccas was murdered by Peithon in the summer of 320 BCE.
Legacy
The dynasty Atropates made would rule the kingdom for several centuries. They became vassals of the Seleucids, then as vassals of the Arsacids.

The area of Atropates' kingdom was known to the Greeks as "Media Atropatene" after Atropates.  Then as simply "Atropatene". The Arsacids called it 'Aturpatakan' in Parthian, as did also the Sassanids. Eventually Middle Iranian 'Aturpatakan' became 'Azerbaijan'.  This is where the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Iranian province of Azerbaijan get their name.

References

Ancient history of Azerbaijan
History of Iran
Achaemenid Empire
370s BC births
320s BC deaths
Kings and queens
Year 370 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Greece 
 The Spartans under King Agesilaus II invade Arcadia. After asking the Athenians for help, Arcadia turns to the Thebans. Epaminondas of Thebes comes with an army, finds the Spartan have left and follows them.
 With the support of Thebes, the Arcadian capital city of Megalopolis is completed.
 The tagus of Thessaly, Jason of Pherae, dies.

By topic

Art 
 The sculptor Praxiteles begins his active career in Athens (approximate date).

Mathematics 
 Eudoxus of Cnidus develops the method of exhaustion for mathematically determining the area under a curve.

Births 

 Marcus Valerius Corvus, Roman hero
 Theophrastus, Greek philosopher, a native of Eressos in Lesbos, the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school (d. c. 285 BC)

Deaths
Deaths 

 Agesipolis II, Agiad king of Sparta
 Democritus of Abdera, Greek philosopher (approximate date) (b. c. 460 BC)
 Hippocrates of Cos, Greek physician (b. c. 460 BC)
 Jason of Pherae, ruler of Thessaly

370s BC
Year 285 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Egypt 
 June 26 – Egypt's Ptolemy I Soter quits ruling. He is succeeded by his youngest son by his wife Berenice, Ptolemy II Philadelphus.  He was co-regent for three years.
 A 110 metre tall lighthouse on the island of Pharos in Alexandria's harbour is completed.  It is a landmark for ships in the eastern Mediterranean. Built by Sostratus of Cnidus for Ptolemy II of Egypt, it is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. It is a technological triumph and is the archetype of all lighthouses since. A broad spiral ramp leads to the top, where a fire burns at night.

Seleucid Empire 
 Demetrius Poliorcetes is left by his troops and surrenders to Seleucus at Cilicia, where Seleucus keeps him a prisoner.

Deaths 

 Dicaearchus, Greek philosopher, cartographer, geographer, mathematician and author (b. c. 350 BC)

280s BC
Year 350 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Persian Empire 
 Sidon, the centre of the revolt against Persia, asks for help from its sister city of Tyre and from Egypt but gets very little.
 Idrieus, the second son of Hecatomnus, succeeds to the throne of Caria on the death of Artemisia II, the widow of his elder brother Mausolus. Shortly after he becomes ruler, at the request of the Persian king, Artaxerxes III, Idrieus equips a fleet of 40 triremes and an army of 8,000 mercenary troops and despatches them against Cyprus, under the command of the Athenian general Phocion.

Greece 
 Alexander I becomes king of Epirus after his brother-in-law Philip II of Macedon dethrones Alexander's cousin Arymbas.
 Philip II has Abdera in Thrace sacked.

Roman Republic 
 The Gauls, once more threatening Rome, are beaten by an army of Rome and its allies.

America 
 The Maya civilization in Mesoamerica begins (approximate date).

By topic
By topic

Science 
 Aristotle argues for a spherical Earth using lunar eclipses and other observations. Also he discusses logical reasoning in Organon.
 Plato proposes a geocentric model of the universe with the stars rotating on a fixed celestial sphere.

Art 
 Praxiteles makes the Aphrodite of Knidos (approximate date). A composite of two similar Roman copies after the original marble is now kept at Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Gabinetto delle Maschere in Rome.
 The building of the Mausoleum in Halikarnassos (modern Bodrum in Turkey) is completed (approximate date). It is the grave of the Persian satrap and Carian ruler Mausolos and is built under the direction of his wife Artemisia. The mausoleum, which is said to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, is today partly kept at the British Museum in London.
 The Corinthian capital is made in the tholos at Epidaurus. It is now kept at the Archaeological Museum in Epidaurus, Greece (approximate date).

Births
Births 

 Dicaearchus, Greek philosopher, cartographer, geographer, mathematician and polygraph (d. c. 285 BC)
 Cassander, king of Macedonia and founder of Antipatrid dynasty (approximate date) (d. c. 297 BC)
 Shen Dao, Chinese philosopher known for his blend of Legalism and Taoism (approximate date) (d. c. 275 BC)

Deaths 

 Artemisia, Queen of Caria and sister and wife of King Mausolus of Caria

350s BC
Year 275 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Egypt 
 The Museum of Alexandria is founded by the Egyptian King Ptolemy II.

Roman Republic 
 When Pyrrhus returns from Sicily, he finds himself greatly outnumbered by the Roman army under the command of consul Manius Curius Dentatus. After the Battle of Beneventum, Roman commander and statesman, Gaius Fabricius Luscinus, gets a peace with Pyrrhus.  Then Pyrrhus decides to end his battles in Italy and return to Epirus.

Sicily 
 After Pyrrhus leaves Sicily, the Syracusan army and the city's citizens make Hiero II as the commander of their troops.

Greece 
 Antiochus's alliance with Antigonus II is made stronger by Antigonus' marriage to Phila, Antiochus' half sister.

Births 

 Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, Roman dictator, politician and soldier (approximate date) (d. 203 BC)

Deaths
Deaths 

 Shen Dao, Chinese philosopher from Zhao who also served at the Jixia academy in Qi. He is known for his blend of Legalism and Taoism (approximate date) (b. c. 350 BC)

270s BC
Year 203 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place
Carthage 
 The Roman general, Publius Cornelius Scipio makes a surprise attack on the Carthaginians camp and destroys it. He defeats the army in the Battle of the Great Plains. The Numidian king, Syphax, and the Carthaginian leader, Hasdrubal Gisco, both escape.
 The Roman general, Gaius Laelius, and Rome's Numidian ally, Masinissa, follow Syphax towards Cirta, the Numidian capital. Syphax is captured and later dies in the Italian town of Alba Fucens.
 Masinissa becomes king of both the Massyli and the Massaesyli tribes in Numidia.  He remains a loyal ally to the Romans.
 Hasdrubal Gisco gets the Carthaginians to form a new army and to send for Hannibal to return home from Italy. Hannibal finally leaves Italy and returns to Carthage.
 The Carthaginian general, Mago Barca, is defeated and wounded by the Romans in a battle in Cisalpine Gaul. He dies of his wounds on the return voyage to Carthage.
An agreement between Carthage and Rome is made. The Carthaginian armies accept Scipio's severe terms. But Hannibal gets the army ready for battle.
Deaths 

 Mago Barca, Carthaginian general during the Second Punic War against Rome who has accompanied his brother Hannibal on the invasion of Italy (b. 243 BC)
 Fabius Maximus Cunctator, Roman general and statesman (b. c. 275 BC)
 Syphax, Numidian king allied with the Carthaginians during the Second Punic War against Rome

200s BC
Year 220 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Greece 
 Together with fellow Illyrian, Scerdilaidas, Demetrius of Pharos attacks Illyrian cities under Roman protection and leads a piratical squadron into Greek waters. They unsuccessfully attack Pylos, an Achaean town on the Messenian coast, in the Peloponnesus of Greece.
 Scerdilaidas and the Aetolians invade Achaea. With the help of Cynaethan traitors, they attack, take and burn Cynaetha, a town in the north of Arcadia.
 Rome strikes again against the Illyrian pirates starting the Second Illyrian War.
 Demetrius seeks refuge with Philip V of Macedon, who is very resentful of the Roman interference. Rome occupies Demetrius' chief fortresses, Pharos and Dimillos.
 Aratus of Sicyon goes against Aetolian aggression by getting help from the Hellenic League now under the leadership of Philip V of Macedon. In the Social War, the Hellenic League of Greek states is made in Corinth. 
 The Gortynians occupy Matala, on the island of Crete.
Seleucid Empire 
 With Molon in most of the Seleucid kingdom and taking the title of king, Antiochus III stops a fight to conquer southern Syria from Egypt. Antiochus III instead marches against Molon, defeating and killing him and his brother Alexander on the far bank of the Tigris. Antiochus goes on conquer Atropatene, the north-western part of Media.
 Meanwhile, the birth of a son to Antiochus III and Laodice leads Hermeias to think about getting rid of the king.  This is to rule under the name of the infant son.  Antiochus finds the plan and has Hermeias killed.

Anatolia 
 Antiochus III's commander in Anatolia, Achaeus, got back all the districts from Attalus of Pergamum. Hermeias said Antiochus III wanted to revolt. Achaeus takes the title of king and rules over the Anatolian parts of the Seleucid kingdom.

Egypt 
 Arsinoe III marries her brother, King Ptolemy IV of Egypt.
Roman Republic 
 During his censorship, the Roman political leader, Gaius Flaminius, builds the Circus Flaminius on the Campus Martius.  He also builds the Via Flaminia from Rome to Ariminum (Rimini).

China 
 Qin Shi Huang begins a system of tree-lined roads to connect all parts of China.  He begins to join regional walls to form the beginnings of the Great Wall (Wan li chang cheng).

By topic

Art 
 A bronze statue called Gallic Chieftain killing his wife and himself is made (approximate date). A Roman copy after the original statue is today kept at Museo Nazionale Romano in Rome.
 A bronze statue called Dying Gallic trumpeter is made (possibly by Epigonos) (230-220 BC). A marble Roman copy after the original statue is today kept at Museo Capitolino in Rome.

Deaths
Deaths 

 Conon of Samos, Greek mathematician and astronomer whose work on conic sections (curves of the intersections of a right circular cone with a plane) serves as the basis for the fourth book of the Conics of Apollonius of Perga (b. c. 280 BC)
 Molon, general of the Seleucid king Antiochus III who has rebelled against his rule
 Hermeias, the favourite and chief minister of the Seleucid king Seleucus III and, for a short time, chief minister to Antiochus III
Year 230 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Asia Minor 
 The city of Pergamum is attacked by the Galatians (Celts who have settled in central Anatolia) because the leader of Pergamum, Attalus I Soter, has refused to pay them the customary tribute. Attalus defeats his enemy in a battle outside the walls of his city. To mark the success he takes the title of king and the name Soter.

Greece 
 King Agron of Illyria dies. Pinnes, the son of Agron and Agron's first wife Triteuta, succeeds his father as king.  The kingdom is really ruled by Agron's second wife, Queen Teuta (Tefta).  She removes the Greeks from the Illyrian coast.  She then puts Illyrian pirate ships into the Ionian Sea, against the Roman shipping. She keeps her husband's way of attacking cities on the west coast of Greece.
Roman Republic 
 With Roman merchants being killed by the Illyrian pirates, ships are sent by Rome to Illyria. The Roman ambassador lucius Coruncanius and the Issaean ambassador Cleemporus are murdered at sea. Then Romans take the island of Corcyra.

Egypt 
 The Temple of Horus is built by King Ptolemy III.

China 
 The state of Han is conquered by the state of Qin.

India 
 King Kubera rules Bhattiprolu in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.

Deaths 

 Ad Herbal, admiral of the Carthaginian fleet who has battled for domination of the Mediterranean Sea for Carthage in the First Punic War against Rome
 Aristarchus of Samos, Greek astronomer and mathematician (b. c. 310 BC)

230s BC
Year 310 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Seleucid Empire 
 Antigonus tells Nicanor, one of his generals, to attack Babylonia from the east and his son Demetrius Poliorcetes to attack it from the west. Nicanor gets a large force but it is surprised and defeated by Seleucus at the river Tigris.  Similarly, Demetrius Poliorcetes does not succeed.

Asia Minor 
 Ptolemy attacks Cilicia.
 The cities of Antigonia Troas (later known as Alexandria Troas) and Antigoneia (later known as Nicaea) are formed by Antigonus I Monophthalmus.

Sicily 
 The tyrant of Syracuse Agathocles escapes from the siege of the city by the Carthaginians.  He takes the war back to their land.

Roman Republic 
 Rome has more trouble from the Etruscans.  They are persuaded by the Samnites to stop their alliance with the Romans. In the Battle of Lake Vadimo, the Romans under Fabius Maximus Rullianus defeat the Etruscans.

Illyria 
 The Autariatae disappear due to Celtic migrations.

Births