Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Saeftinghe, Netherlands - prosperous city lost to the sea in 1584.
Selsey, England, United Kingdom - mostly abandoned to coastal erosion after 1043.
Skara Brae, Scotland, United Kingdom - Neolithic settlement buried under sediment. Uncovered by a Winter storm in 1850.
Sybaris, Italy - Ancient Greek colonial city of unsurpassed wealth utterly destroyed by its archrival Crotona in 510 BCE.
Tartessos, Spain
Teljä, Finland
Trellech, Wales, United Kingdom.
Uppåkra, Sweden
Vineta – Legendary city somewhere at the Baltic coast of Germany or Poland.
Winchelsea, East Sussex,UK Old Winchelsea,Important Channel port,pop 4000+,abandoned after 1287 inundation and coastal erosion. Modern Winchelsea, 2 miles inland, was built to replace it as a planned town by Edward I
Ys - Legendary city on the western coast of France.
Related pages
Ghost town
Atlantis

References

Lists of cities
Lost City could mean:
 Lost City (hydrothermal field), a field of hydrothermal vents in the Atlantic Ocean
 "Lost City" (Stargate SG-1), a two-part episode of the television series Stargate SG-1
 Lost City (novel), a 2004 novel written by Clive Cussler and Paul Kemprecos

Lost Cities could also mean:
 Lost Cities, a card game published by both Kosmos and Rio Grande Games
 Lost Cities (video game) an Xbox 360 game planned for release in 2008 and based on the card game

The Lost City could mean:
The Lost City (2005 movie), a movie about the owner of a Havana nightclub set in 1958, Andy Garcia co-wrote and starred in the movie.
The Lost City (1935 serial), two science fiction movies directed by Harry Revier and starring Kane Richmond
The Lost City (1920 serial), a Warner Bros. serial directed by E.A. Martin
The Lost City (module)] - an adventure module for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game
In places:
 Lost City, Oklahoma, the landing site of the Lost City Meteorite
 Atlantis, a famous Lost city
 Ciudad Perdida, a Lost City on the Caribbean coast of Colombia
 Pueblo Grande de Nevada, Nevada's "Lost City",  a complex of villages, located near Overton, Nevada

Related pages 
 Lost city (fiction) for a list of fictional lost cities
Popol Vuh was a German Krautrock band that was founded by pianist and keyboardist Florian Fricke in 1970 together with Holger Trulzsch (percussion) and Frank Fiedler (electronics). 

Other important members during the next two decades included Daniel Fichelscher and Robert Eliscu. The band took its name from the Popol Vuh, a manuscript containing the mythology of the Post-Classic Quiché Maya kingdom of highland Guatemala.

Biography

The first album, Affenstunde, released in 1970, can be regarded as one of the earliest Ambient music, space music or New Age music works, featuring the then new sounds of the Moog synthesizer together with ethnic percussion.

Compilations
Compilations

Perlenklänge: The Best Of Popol Vuh (1976) - Ohr / Pilz / Kosmische Musik compilation
Tantric Songs (1981) - featuring tracks from Die Nacht der Seele and Brüder des Schattens - Söhne des Lichts
Fitzcarraldo (1982) - soundtrack featuring four previously released Popol Vuh compositions besides opera and traditional music
In The Gardens of Pharao / Aguirre (1983)
Gesang der Gesänge (1988)
Florian Fricke (1991) - featuring tracks from Coeur de Verre (retitled) and Brüder des Schattens - Söhne des Lichts
The Best Soundtracks From Werner Herzog Films (1991)
Sing, For Song Drives Away The Wolves (1993) - remix album
Movie Music (1994)
Nicht Hoch Im Himmel (1998)
Future Sound Experience (2002) - remix album recorded in 1993 (according to its booklet) and released after Florian Fricke's death
70's Progressive (2006) - SPV compilation

Unauthorized album

Yoga (1976) - recorded by Florian Fricke with Indian musicians
Other websites
http://www.venco.com.pl/~acrux/discogr.htm (Definitive discography - includes sound samples)
http://www.popolvuh.it/  (Italian fansite, in Italian and English)
http://www.enricobassi.it/hosiannamantra.htm/  (Italian fan club, in Italian)
http://www.popolvuh.nl/ (Dutch fansite. In English, German. Many full text articles)  
http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/ultimathule/krautrockers.html#p  "The Crack In The Cosmic Egg" krautrock encyclopedia P

References

German rock bands
Franchising is a business method that involves the licensing of trademarks and methods of doing business. That can be chain stores, which are retail outlets which share a brand and central management, but also an exclusive right to sell branded merchandise. A similar case is a media franchise, the ownership of the characters and setting of a movie, video game, book, or toys etc., particularly in North American usage. Examples include Pokémon, Harry Potter or Barbie.

Other websites 
 Franchise Territory Definition 
 International Franchise Association
 American Association of Franchisees and Dealers
 Canadian Franchise Association
 Franchising Association of India
 The British Franchise Association
 The Australian Franchise Association

Business
Marketing
Turin () was a province in the region of Piedmont, Italy.

T
Campobasso is a province in the region of Molise, Italy.

C
Isernia is a province in the region of Molise, Italy.

I
The province of Ancona () is a province in the Marche region of Central Italy. Its capital is the city of Ancona, and the province borders the Adriatic Sea. The city of Ancona is also the capital of Marche.

Geography

Ancona has an area of . The province is bordered to the northeast and east by the Adriatic Sea, to the northwest by the province of Pesaro and Urbino, to the west with Umbria (province of Perugia) and to the south with the province of Macerata.

The main rivers in the province, from north to south, areː
Cesano
Misa
Esino
Musone

The highest point in the province is Serra Santa-Cima Nord,() in the Apennines; it is  high.

Population
There are 474,124 persons living in the province (1 January 2017), for a population density of  inhabitants/km².

Evolution of the population

Municipalities 
There are 47 municipalities (or comuni) in the province; they are:
Agugliano
 Ancona
 Arcevia
 Barbara
 Belvedere Ostrense
 Camerano
 Camerata Picena
 Castelbellino
 Castelfidardo
 Castelleone di Suasa
 Castelplanio
 Cerreto d'Esi
 Chiaravalle
 Corinaldo
 Cupramontana
 Fabriano
 Falconara Marittima
 Filottrano
 Genga
 Jesi
 Loreto
 Maiolati Spontini
 Mergo
 Monsano
 Monte Roberto
 Monte San Vito
 Montecarotto
 Montemarciano
 Morro d'Alba
 Numana
 Offagna
 Osimo	
 Ostra
 Ostra Vetere
 Poggio San Marcello
 Polverigi
 Rosora
 San Marcello
 San Paolo di Jesi
 Santa Maria Nuova
 Sassoferrato
 Senigallia
 Serra de' Conti
 Serra San Quirico
 Sirolo
 Staffolo
 Trecastelli

The largest comune is Fabriano, with  and the smallest is Concamarise, with . Only two comuni have less than 1,000 inhabitants (2017)ː San Paolo di Jesi with 912 inhabitants, and Poggio San Marcello with 685 inhabitants.

Main comuni
The following table shows the 10 comuni with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.

Gallery

Related pages
 List of comuni of the Province of Ancona
References

Other websites

 Province of Ancona official website 

Ancona
A cannon is a type of artillery, or large gun. They are made with a large tube called "barrel", and shoot projectiles. Cannons were first made in China, and were used with another Chinese invention, gunpowder. The gunpowder was put at the back of the tube, and the projectile, usually a cannonball, was placed in front. The gunpowder was set on fire, and would explode. This pushed the cannonball out the front of the tube towards the enemy. Howitzers and mortars are similar to cannons but they have shorter barrels and shoot the projectiles (that is: balls or shells) higher.

A field gun is a cannon if its barrel lenght is more than 35 times its caliber (the inner diameter, "bore", of its shell pathway). If the barrel length is 10 to 35 times the caliber, it is a howitzer. Less than 10 times are called mortars.

Modern guns that can shoot many big projectiles quickly and automatically are called autocannons. Modern cannons are usually used on warships and tanks.

Artillery
The Province of Macerata () is a province in the region of Marche in Italy. Its capital is the city of Macerata.

Geography

Macerata is the largest of provinces of the Marche, with an area of . The province is bordered to the east by the Adriatic Sea and to the west by the Umbria region (Province of Perugia). It is the only province of the Marche that borders with other three provinces of the same regionː the Ancona to the north,  Ascoli Piceno to the southwest and the  Fermo to the south.

The main rivers in the province areː
Chienti,  long
Potenza,  long.

Population
There are 318,921 persons living in the province (1 January 2017), for a population density of  inhabitants/km².

Evolution of the population

Municipalities 
There are 55 municipalities (or comuni) in the province; they are:
Apiro
 Appignano
 Belforte del Chienti
 Bolognola
 Caldarola
 Camerino
 Camporotondo di Fiastrone
 Castelraimondo
 Castelsantangelo sul Nera
 Cessapalombo
 Cingoli
 Civitanova Marche
 Colmurano
 Corridonia
 Esanatoglia
 Fiastra
 Fiuminata
 Gagliole
 Gualdo	
 Loro Piceno
 Macerata
 Matelica
 Mogliano
 Monte Cavallo
 Monte San Giusto
 Monte San Martino
 Montecassiano
 Montecosaro
 Montefano
 Montelupone
 Morrovalle
 Muccia
 Penna San Giovanni
 Petriolo
 Pieve Torina
 Pioraco
 Poggio San Vicino
 Pollenza	
 Porto Recanati
 Potenza Picena
 Recanati
 Ripe San Ginesio
 San Ginesio
 San Severino Marche
 Sant'Angelo in Pontano
 Sarnano
 Sefro
 Serrapetrona
 Serravalle di Chienti
 Tolentino
 Treia
 Urbisaglia
 Ussita
 Valfornace
 Visso

The largest comune is San Severino Marche, with  and the smallest is Camporotondo di Fiastrone, with . The two Comune|comuni with fewest people living in it are Bolognola, with 137 inhabitants, and Monte Cavallo, with 133 inhabitants.
Main comuni
The following table shows the 10 comuni with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.

Gallery

Related pages
 List of comuni of the Province of Macerata

References

Other websites 

Province of Macerata official website
Most common meanings 
 Inductive reasoning, used in science and the scientific method
 Mathematical induction, a way of proving things in math
 Electromagnetic induction in physics and engineering

Other articles 
 Induction (play), an opening scene in a play, notably used in early English plays
 Rite of passage
 Orientation week, an induction program for new students at Universities
 Teacher induction, the support and guidance provided to novice educators in the early stages of their careers
 Induction (teachers), the period of one year following qualification as a teacher in the United Kingdom
 Induction program, the process used within many businesses to welcome new employees to the company and prepare them for their new role
In biology and chemistry:
 Induction (biology) is the initiation or cause of a change or process in developmental biology 
 Enzyme induction and inhibition is a process in which a molecule (e.g. a drug) induces (i.e. initiates or enhances) or inhibits the expression of an enzyme 
 Induction (birth), induction of childbirth
 asymmetric induction is the formation of one specific stereoisomer in the presence of a nearby chiral center

In psychology:
 Induction procedure, the act of inducing a hypnotic state
 Post Induction Therapy, a therapy which is based on the theory that childhood trauma, including child abuse and neglect, is the origin of developmental immaturity
 Inductive reasoning aptitude, an aptitude or personality characteristic
In philosophy, logic, and computer science:
 Inductive reasoning, used in science and the scientific method
 Rhetorical induction
 Backward induction in game theory and economics
 Concept learning is the induction of a concept (category) from observations 
 Theoretical foundations of induction, see:
 Computational learning theory
 Version Space
 Statistical Learning Theory
 PAC Learning
 Algorithmic Information Theory.  
 Concept learning, for citations to foundational work by Watanabe, Solomonoff, Rendell, etc.

In mathematics:
 Mathematical induction, a method of proof in the field of mathematics
 Strong induction, or Complete induction, a variant of mathematical induction
 Transfinite induction, a kind of mathematical induction
 ∈-induction, a kind of transfinite induction
 Structural induction, a generalization of mathematical induction
 'Statistical induction', also known as inferential statistics
In physics:
 Electromagnetic induction in physics and engineering
 'Magnetic induction', see magnetic field
 Electrostatic induction
 Radio frequency induction
 Induction heating
 Induction cooker uses induction heating for cooking.
 Induction sealing
 forced induction, with combustion engines, is the use of a gas compressor added to the air intake
Deduction might mean:

 Deduction in logic:
 Deductive reasoning 
 Natural deduction: attempts to give a model of logical reasoning as it "naturally" occurs
Expenditure which may be deducted from profits before taxation
Steven Cherundolo (born February 19, 1979 in Rockford, Illinois) is an American soccer player. He has played most of career (until 2008) for the German football club Hannover 96. Cherundolo plays on the position of a defender.

Before he came to Hannover, Cherundolo played from 1997 to 1998 in an American college soccer league for the University of Portland.

In his first season for Hannover 96, 1998-99, he made four matches in the team which played in the 2nd German league (2. Bundesliga). In the following season, Cherundolo was in the team most of the time, but he had a bad knee injury. He came back during the 2000-01 season and made 18 matches. In the following season, he made 33 of 34 matches and has been a start member of the team most of the time until 2008. 

In 2002 he got up to the 1st league with his club and played the following seasons in the 1st German league (1. Bundesliga). All together Cherundolo made 250 matches for Hannover 96 from 1999 to 2008, scoring six goals.
Cherundolo made his first match for the United States national team against Jamaica on 8th September 1999. Until 2008 he has made 44 matches for his national team, scoring two goals.

Other websites 
 Steven Cherundolo's Homepage 
 homepage of his club, Hannover 96

1979 births
Living people
American soccer players
Sportspeople from Rockford, Illinois
WrestleMania XXV (or The 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania or WrestleMania 25), was the twenty-fifth yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling Pay-per-view produced by World Wrestling Entertainment and took place on April 5, 2009 at Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas. It was the second WrestleMania held in the state of Texas, with the first being WrestleMania X-Seven, at the Reliant Astrodome, also in Houston, which was held in 2001. The tagline for the event was "Everything is bigger in Texas, especially WrestleMania." "Cowboy" by Kid Rock was used in the first promotional advertisement for the event. While WWE calls it the 25th Anniversary, it is only the 24th anniversary as WrestleMania I cannot be an anniversary of itself.

Production
It was announced on January 30, 2009 that "War Machine" and "Shoot to Thrill", both by AC/DC, would be the theme songs for WrestleMania.

Background
Background

Since 1993, the winner of the yearly Royal Rumble match at the event of the PPV has won the opportunity to wrestle for a World Championship at WrestleMania. The only Royal Rumble winners since 1993 that did not wrestle for a championship at WrestleMania are Steve Austin in 1997, and Vince McMahon in 1999. Randy Orton won the match in 2009 and will wrestle for a championship at WrestleMania XXV.

On the February 16 edition of Raw, Shawn Michaels challenged John "Bradshaw" Layfield to a match the following week for the right to face Undertaker at WrestleMania. Shawn won this match but was then forced to face Vladimir Kozlov for the right to face Undertaker at WrestleMania. Shawn won this match and will face The Undertaker at WrestleMania.
Money in the Bank (MITB) qualifying matches started on the February 23, 2009 edition of Raw with a triple threat match CM Punk versus John Morrison versus The Miz. CM Punk won the match and is the first of eight men to be added to the Money in the Bank ladder match. The following week on Raw, another triple threat match between Rey Mysterio, Kane and Mike Knox with the winner of this match qualifying for (winning his way into) the MITB ladder match. Kane won this match and as a result will be in the ladder match.

Results

References

Other websites 
Official Website for 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania
Official Website for WrestleMania

WrestleMania 25
2009 in professional wrestling
Sports in Houston
2009 in American television
2000s in Houston
2009 in Texas
The judeţe (translated in English as "counties") are administrative units of Romania.

The following is a complete list of all the counties in Romania:

Source: http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Comunicat_DATE_PROVIZORII_RPL_2011_.pdf

References 

Counties

Lists of counties
Alba (; Hungarian: Fehér) is a county (judeţ) of Romania, in Transylvania.  The capital of Alba County is Alba Iulia, with a population of 72,405 people.

Geography 
Alba County has an area of 6,242 km².

The main rivers are the Mureş River and its tributaries, the Târnava, the Sebeş and the Arieş.

Divisions 
Alba County has 4 municipalities, 7 towns and 67 communes, all listed below:

Municipalities 
 Alba Iulia
 Aiud
 Blaj
 Sebeş

Towns 
 Abrud
 Baia de Arieş
 Câmpeni
 Cugir
 Ocna Mureş
 Teiuş
 Zlatna

Communes 

Alba County
Transylvania
Arad (; Hungarian: Arad, Serbian: Arad/Арад) is a county (judeţ) of Romania, in Crişana. The capital of Arad County is Arad. About 185,272 people live in Arad County.

Geography
Arad County has an area of 7,754 km².

The Mureş River and the Crişul Alb River both flow through Arad County.

Divisions
Arad County has one municipality, 9 towns and 68 communes.

Municipalities
 Arad

Towns
 Chişineu-Criş
 Curtici
 Ineu
 Lipova
 Nădlac
 Pâncota
 Pecica
 Sântana
 Sebiş

Communes

Villages
 Clit
 Chelmac
 Fiscut
 Sampetru German

Arad
Transylvania
Sanrio Co., Ltd.  is a Japanese company that makes characters and sells and licenses products with images of characters. The things they make include stationery (pencils, pens writing, paper greeting cards, etc.), school supplies and gifts. Sanrio's mascot is Hello Kitty, a white cat with a red bow, yellow nose and no mouth. Hello Kitty is one of the most successful marketing brands in the world. 

Sanrio was started by Shintaro Tsuji as the Yamanashi Silk Company in 1960. In 1973 the company changed its name to "Sanrio." The word Sanrio comes from "san" (meaning three in Japanese) and "río" (meaning river in Spanish"). He named the company Sanrio to join the three rivers of the world.

Besides selling character goods, Sanrio also takes part in movie production and publishing. Sanrio worked together with Sega Toys to make a series of cartoons, toys, and other products called Jewelpet. They make lots of greeting cards.

The company has worked with UNICEF since 1984.
Sanrio also has two theme parks in Japan, Sanrio Puroland in Tama, Tokyo, and Harmonyland  in Hiji, Ōita, Kyūshū.

Sanrio Characters 
Aggretsuko
 Badtz-Maru
 Bonbonribbon
 Bunny and Mattie
 Button Nose
 Charmmy Kitty 
 Cheery Chums
 Chibi-maru
 Chi Chai Monchan
 Chirin
 Chococat
 Cinnamoroll
 Cinnamoangels
 Coro Coro Kuririn
 Dear Daniel
 Deery Lou
 Den Den
 Doki Doki Yummychums
 Fairy Florence
 Flint the Time Detective
 Frooliemew
 Gudetama
 HangyodonHello Kitty
 Hoshinowaguma
 Jumbo
 Keroppi Hasunoue
 Kuromi
 Landry
 Little Twin Stars
 Marron Cream
 Masyumaro
 Mimmy
 Monkichi
 My Melody
 Nyago
 Pandapple
 Pankunchi
 Patapatapeppy
 Patty & Jimmy
 Pekkle
 Picke Bicke
 Pink no Corisu
 Pinki Lili
 Pippo
 Pochacco
 Pokopon
 Purin
 Pururun Kyupi
 Robowan
 Ruby
 Shinkansen
 Spottie Dottie
 Spunky Burro (first Sanrio character)
 Strawberry King
 Sugarbunnies
 Sweet Coron
 Tabo
 Tenorikuma
 Tuxedo Sam 
 Unico (formerly with Osamu Tezuka)
 U*SA*HA*NA
 Winkipinki
 Zashikibuta
Other webs 
 Sanrio's official English website

References 

Companies based in Tokyo
1960 establishments in Asia
1960s establishments in Japan
John Burningham (27 April 1936 – 4 January 2019) was a British children's book writer and illustrator.  He won many awards including the Kate Greenaway Medal in 1963 for his book called Borka: The Adventures of a Goose With No Feathers. He was also known for illustrating the book Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang.

Burningham was born April 27, 1936 in Farnham, Surrey, England. Burningham died on 4 January 2019 at the age of 82 from pneumonia.

References

1936 births
2019 deaths
British illustrators
Writers from Surrey
Borka: The Adventures of a Goose With No Feathers is a children's book that was written by John Burningham in 1963.  The book won the 1963 Kate Greenaway Medal.

References

1963 books
English children's books
The Kate Greenaway Medal is an award that was created in the United Kingdom in 1955.  It was named after the children's illustrator, Kate Greenaway. The medal is given every year to an extremely good work of illustration in children's literature. It is awarded by the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP).

The first award was given to Edward Ardizzone for Tim All Alone in 1956. The winner gets a golden medal and £500 worth of books to give to a library of their choice. 

Since the year 2000, the winner of the Kate Greenaway Medal has also been presented with the Colin Mears Award of £5000.

Full list of winners
2007 Mini Grey, The Adventures of the Dish and the Spoon
 2005 Emily Gravett, Wolves
 2004 Chris Riddell, Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver"
 2003 Shirley Hughes, Ella's Big Chance
 2002 Bob Graham, Jethro Byrde, Fairy Child
 2001 Chris Riddell, Pirate Diary
 2000 Lauren Child, I Will Not Ever Never Eat a Tomato
 1999 Helen Oxenbury, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
 1998 Helen Cooper, Pumpkin Soup
 1997 P. J. Lynch, When Jessie Came Across the Sea
 1996 Helen Cooper, The Baby Who Wouldn't Go To Bed
 1995 P. J. Lynch, The Christmas Miracle of Jonathan Toomey
 1994 Gregory Rogers, Way Home
 1993 Alan Lee, Black Ships Before Troy
 1992 Anthony Browne, Zoo
 1991 Janet Ahlberg, The Jolly Christmas Postman
 1990 Gary Blythe, The Whales' Song
 1989 Michael Foreman, War Boy: a Country Childhood
 1988 Barbara Firth, Can't You Sleep Little Bear?
 1987 Adrienne Kennaway, Crafty Chameleon
 1986 Fiona French, Snow White in New York
 1985 Juan Wijngaard, Sir Gawain and the Loathly Lady
1984 Errol Le Cain, Hiawatha's Childhood
 1983 Anthony Browne, Gorilla
 1982 Michael Foreman, Long Neck and Thunder Foot and Sleeping Beauty and Other Favourite Fairy Tales
 1981 Charles Keeping, The Highwayman
 1980 Quentin Blake, Mr Magnolia
 1979 Jan Pienkowski, The Haunted House
 1978 Janet Ahlberg, Each Peach Pear Plum
 1977 Shirley Hughes, Dogger
 1976 Gail E. Haley, The Post Office Cat
 1975 Victor Ambrus, Horses in Battle and Mishka
 1974 Pat Hutchins, The Wind Blew
 1973 Raymond Briggs, Father Christmas
 1972 Krystyna Turska, The Woodcutter's Duck
 1971 Jan Pienkowski, The Kingdom under the Sea
 1970 John Burningham, Mr Gumpy's Outing
 1969 Helen Oxenbury, The Quangle Wangle's hat and The Dragon of an Ordinary Family
 1968 Pauline Baynes, Dictionary of Chivalry
 1967 Charles Keeping, Charley, Charlotte and the Golden Canary
 1966 Raymond Briggs, Mother Goose Treasury
 1965 Victor Ambrus, The Three Poor Tailors
 1964 C. Walter Hodges, Shakespeare's Theatre
1963 John Burningham, Borka: The Adventures of a Goose With No Feathers
 1962 Brian Wildsmith, A.B.C
 1961 Antony Maitland, Mrs. Cockle's Cat
 1960 Gerald Rose, Old Winkle and the Seagulls
 1959 William Stobbs, Kashtanka and A Bundle of Ballads
 1958 Prize withheld because no book was good enough
 1957 V. H. Drummond, Mrs Easter and the Storks
 1956 Edward Ardizzone, Tim All Alone
 1955 Prize withheld because no book was good enough
Catherine "Kate" Greenaway  (17 March 1846 – 6 November 1901) was a children's book illustrator and writer. Her first book, Under The Window (1879) was a best-seller.

The Kate Greenaway Medal is awarded every year by the UK Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals to an illustrator of children's books.

Greenaway died of breast cancer in 1901 at the age of 55. She is buried in Hampstead Cemetery, London.

1846 births
1901 deaths
English writers
British illustrators
The Cry Of The Icemark is the first book in the Icemark Chronicles that are written by the English author Stuart Hill. The book won the Ottakar's Children's Book Prize in 2005. It also won the 2006 Highlands Children's Book award for Long Novels in 2006. It is followed by The Blade of Fire.

References 

2005 books
The Icemark Chronicles
Blade of Fire is the second book in Stuart Hill's fantasy series, The Icemark Chronicles.  It came out in 2007. It tells the story of Nicosia, the elder heir of the king Cupro.

2007 books
Nicosia
The Icemark Chronicles
Stuart Hill is a British author who was born in 1958. in Leicester England.  He has written two books in The Icemark Chronicles.  They are called The Cry of the Icemark and The Blade of Fire. He is currently writing the third book called "Last Battle Of The Icemark".

References

1958 births
Living people
Chinon is a French commune. It is in the west of the Indre-et-Loire department in the Centre-Val de Loire region, to the southwest of Paris, and is a subprefecture in the department. It is also the capital of the arrrondissement of Chinon and the administrative centre of the Chinon canton.

Chinon is in the valley of the Loire river, registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000.

History
The historic town of Chinon is on the banks of the Vienne river about  from where it joins the Loire.

Geography
The city of Chinon is along the Vienne river, near the confluence with the Loire river. The commune has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The distances from Chinon to other cities are:
 Paris, the national capital - ;
 Tours, the departmental capital - ;
 Strasbourg - ;
 Reims - ;
 Bordeaux - ;
 Toulouse - ;
 Montpellier - ;
 Lyon - ;
 Nantes - ;
 Marseille - .

The commune of Chinon is surrounded by the communes:
Climate
The climate of Chinon, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Chinon are known, in French, as Chinonais (women: Chinonaises).

With a population of 8,073, Chinon has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Chinon

Administration 
Chinon is a subprefecture of the Indre-et-Loire department, the capital of the arrondissement of Chinon and the administrative centre () of the canton of Chinon, with 34,893 inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Chinon, Vienne et Loire ().

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Indre-et-Loire department
 Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department

References

Other websites

 Ville de Chinon - Official website 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Indre-et-Loire
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an arc around the Pacific Ocean where many volcanoes and earthquakes are formed. The area is also called the Pacific Rim, a term which refers to the coastal areas of the countries round the Pacific.

About three quarters of the world's dormant volcanos and active volcanos are here. The ring is 40,000km long, and there are 452 volcanoes.

About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismic region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the third most prominent earthquake belt. 

The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of crustal plates.
Volcanoes 
 Avachinsky-Koryaksky in Russia
 Barren Island in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India
 Bogoslof island in Alaska
 Chimborazo in Ecuador
 Cotopaxi in Ecuador
 Galeras in Colombia
 Glacier Peak in the US (Washington) 
 Irazu in Costa Rica
 Kelut in Indonesia
 Kilauea in the US (Hawaii)
 Krakatoa in Indonesia
 Lō'ihi Seamount in the US (Hawai'i)
 Mount Adams in US (Washington)
 Mount Baker in the US (Washington)
 Mount Fuji in Japan
 Mount Hood in the US (Oregon)
 Mount Lassen in the US (California)
 Mount Mayon in Albay in the Philippines
 Mount Merapi in Indonesia
 Mount Olympus in US (Washington)
 Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines
 Mount Rainier (Tahoma) in the US (Washington)
 Mount Slamet in Central Java, Indonesia
 Mount St Helens in US Washington
 Mauna Kea in US (Hawaii)
 Mauna Hualalai in US (Hawaii)
 Mauna Loa in the US (Hawaii)
 Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia
 Pacaya in Guatemala
 Parícutin in Mexico
 Popocatepetl in Mexico
 Redoubt in US (Alaska)
 Sakurajima in Japan
Sinabung in Indonesia
 Taal in the Philippines
 Tambora in Indonesia
 Ulawun in Papua New Guinea
 Mount Unzen in Japan
References 

Pacific Ocean
Palenque (Bàak' in Modern Maya) is a Maya archeological site near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas. It is a medium-sized site, much smaller than large sites like Tikal or Copán. It does, however, contain good examples of architecture, sculpture, roof comb and bas-relief carvings of the Maya time .

References 

  (2005) The Inscriptions from Temple XIX at Palenque. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute.

Other websites 

 Maya Explorations Center.
 Unaahil B'aak: The Temples of Palenque (Wesleyan University)   - Contains a learning objects program, panoramas, 3D models, and glyphs and translations.
 Mesoweb's Palenque resources
 The Tablet Of The 96 Hieroglyphs
 The Ruins of Palenque: bilingual essay with audio
 Drawings of the Palenque site from the Antonio del Rio 1784 expedition
 Estimating Palenque's population on Mesoweb (PDF)

Maya civilization
World Heritage Sites in Mexico
Archaeological sites in Mexico
Chiapas
Jack Frasure Hyles (September 25, 1926 in Texas - February 6, 2001 in Indiana) was a important person in the independent Baptist movement. He was the pastor of the First Baptist Church of Hammond in Hammond, Indiana from 1959 until his death in 2001.

Other websites 

The Jack Hyles Home Page -- books, sermons, & links
Hyles Publications -- a publisher of books and bibles including many by Jack Hyles
JackHyles.net -- An unofficial Jack Hyles site with archival copies of books and sermons
Biblical Discernment Ministeries  -- criticism of Hyles

1926 births
2001 deaths
American Baptist ministers
People from Indiana
People from Texas
There is also a regularly-erupting geyser named Old Faithful near Calistoga, California.

Old Faithful is a cone geyser in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, in the United States. Old Faithful was named in 1870 and was the first geyser in the park to get a name.

Eruptions 
Eruptions can shoot 3,700 to 8,400 U.S. gallons (14–32 kL) of boiling water to a height of 106–184 feet (30–55 m) lasting from 1.5 to 5 minutes. The average height of an eruption is 145 feet (44 m).
Eruptions often occur about 90 minutes away from each other, but this difference in time can range from 45 to 125 minutes on occasion.
More than 137,000 eruptions have been recorded. Harry M. Woodward first described the relationship between the duration and intervals of the eruptions in 1938). Old Faithful is not the highest or biggest geyser in the park; that title belongs to the less predictable Steamboat Geyser.
Increasing interval 
Over the years, the difference in time has increased, which may be the result of earthquakes changing underground water levels. These disruptions have made the earlier relationship inaccurate, but have made Old Faithful more predictable. With an error of 10 minutes, Old Faithful will erupt 65 minutes after an eruption lasting less than 2.5 minutes or 92 minutes after an eruption lasting more than 2.5 minutes. The reliability of Old Faithful is because it is not connected to any other thermal features of the Geothermal areas of Yellowstone| Upper Geyser Basin]].
Measurement 
Between 1983 and 1994, four probes containing temperature and pressure measurement devices and video equipment were lowered into Old Faithful. The probes were lowered as deep as 72 feet (22 m). Temperature measurements of the water at this depth was 244 °F (118 °C), the same as was measured in 1942. The video probes were lowered to a maximum depth of 42 feet (13 m) to observe the conduit formation and the processes that took place in the conduit. Some of the processes observed include fog formation from the interaction of cool air from above mixing with heated air from below, the recharge processes of water entering into the conduit and expanding from below, and entry of superheated steam measuring as high as 265 °F (129 °C) into the conduit.

References
References

Other websites 
 Old Faithful Geyser Webcam
 Time Lapse movie of Old Faithful Geyser Webcam 
 
 Old Faithful  information at the All Yellowstone site.
 Video Of Old Faithful  at Nationalgeographic.com
 Old Faithful Widget Dashboard / Konfabulator widget for Mac or Windows.
 

Geography of Wyoming
Geysers
The Odyssey is an ancient Greek epic poem by Homer.

Odyssey could also mean:

Literature 
 Odyssey (fictional town), the setting of the radio series Adventures in Odyssey
 Odyssey Writing Workshop, an annual workshop for writers
 The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel, an epic poem by Nikos Kazantzakis
 A book in the Isaac Asimov's Robot City series of novels

Gaming 
 Magnavox Odyssey, a video game console released in 1972
 Magnavox Odyssey², a video game console released in 1978
 Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure, a role-playing computer game released in 1980
 Odyssey (Magic: The Gathering), a card game expansion
 Odyssey: The Legend of Nemesis, a computer game based on the engine of Minotaur: The Labyrinths of Crete

Music 
 Odyssey (band)
 ARP Odyssey, an electronic music synthesizer
Albums 
 Odyssey (album), an album by Yngwie J. Malmsteen
 Odyssey (Fischerspooner album), an album by Fischerspooner
 Odyssey (Westenra album), an album by Hayley Westenra
 Odyssey: The Definitive Collection, an album by Vangelis
 The Odyssey (album), an album by Symphony X

Songs 
 "The Odyssey" (Incubus song)
 A song by Orgy on the album Vapor Transmission
 A song by KISS on the album Music from "The Elder"

Television

Channels 
 Odyssey (TV channel), a Canadian Greek-language television network
 Odyssey Channel, a defunct Australian television channel
 Hallmark Channel, a television network formerly known as the Odyssey Channel

Programming 
 The Odyssey (TV series), a 1992-1995 Canadian television series
 The Odyssey (TV miniseries), a 1997 American miniseries
 Odyssey 5, a science-fiction series premiering in 2002
 A season 8 episode of the TV series Lassie
Fictional spacecraft 
 A fictional spaceship in the Stargate universe
 A fictional starship in the Star Trek universe
 A fictional spaceship in the Ulysses 31 universe

Other meanings 
 Adventures in Odyssey, a Christian kids radio and video program
 Odyssey (Belfast), a sports and entertainment centre
 Odyssey (WBEZ), a radio talk show
 The Odyssey (apartment complex)
 2001 Mars Odyssey, an American spacecraft orbiting the planet Mars
 Honda Odyssey, a minivan
 Honda Odyssey (ATV), an all-terrain vehicle
 Star Trek: Odyssey, a Star Trek fan production
 Windows Odyssey, an unreleased version of the Microsoft Windows operating system
 The Command Module of the Apollo 13 space mission
Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata (CGE or GELP) is an Argentina sports club, of the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires. It was founded on June 3, 1887 as Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima. Its principal activity is football, and it competes in the First División Argentina, Argentina's premier league.

Its stadium is the "Juan Carlos Zerillo", known as the "Estadio del Bosque", capacity for 33.000 spectators.

Gimnasia were champions of División Intermedia of the Argentine Football in 1915, of the First División in 1929, of the "Copa Centenario de la AFA" in 1994 and of the Second division in 1944, 1947 and 1952; it was runner-up of the First División in 1924, Clausura 1995, Clausura 1996, Apertura 1998, Clausura 2002 and Apertura 2005.
History 
The "Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata" was founded on June 3, 1887 as a civil association, and thus is the oldest surviving football club in the whole of South America. Its foundation came barely five years after the creation of the City of La Plata in 1882. The first sports offered to its members were, as its Spanish name indicates, gymnastics and fencing. Clubs supporting these sports were common among the upper classes at the end of the 19th century (cf. the prior foundation of Gimnasia y Esgrima de Buenos Aires in 1880). Later on, other disciplines were added, including track and field, football, basketball and rugby.
The institution changed name a few times: from April to December 1897 it was called a "Club de Esgrima" due to the fact that fencing was the only activity practised at that moment. On December 17, 1897 it returned to its original name: "Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima". From July 1952 to September 30, 1955, the club was named "Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima de Eva Perón", due to the fact that the city of La Plata itself had been renamed "Eva Perón" in 1952, after Eva Perón's death. The city returned to its previous name during the government of the "Liberating Revolution", and so did the club. However, it remained unduly identified legally as "Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima de La Plata", a mistake that was corrected on August 7, 1964 after the new statute was approved.

Amateur era (1891–1930)
On April 27, 1916, Gimnasia played against Estudiantes de La Plata, its classic rival, for the first time. The match took place at the Estudiantes de La Plata' field (1st and 57th streets), where Gimnasia y Esgrima defeated its classic rival 1–0. That year, Gimnasia finished the championship in fourth place, behind Racing Club, Club Atlético Platense and River Plate, with nine victories, nine ties and three defeats. In 1921 Gimnasia would again reach fourth place, behind Racing Club, River Plate and Independiente, as a result of 23 victories, six ties and nine defeats.

On April 27, 1924 the new stadium was inaugurated, in La Plata's main park ("El Bosque", the Forest) at the intersection of 60th avenue and 118th street; it was named Stadium Juan Carlos Zerillo. Gimnasia y Esgrima remained undefeated in its new stadium for 15 months (from its first official meeting until July 1925). On that year, Gimnasia achieved second place, behind San Lorenzo, with 15 victories, seven ties and one defeat.
Title of 1929 

In 1929, Gimnasia y Esgrima obtains its only First Division title in the amateur era, after a campaign that included fourteen victories and three defeats. The championship of 1929 was organized along the Copa Estímulo format, that is, teams where separated in two zones ("even" and "odd"), the title being defined in a game between the winners of each zone. Gimnasia y Esgrima won the first place in the "odd zone", which included River Plate, Racing Club, Huracán, and Estudiantes de La Plata, among other teams. The "even zone" was won by Boca Juniors, that qualified thus for the final meeting.
The final took place on February 9, 1930 at the old stadium of River Plate (at the intersection of Alvear and Tagle in Recoleta). On that day, Gimnasia fielded: Felipe Scarpone, Di Giano and Evaristo Delovo; Rusciti, Santillán and Belli; Curell, Varallo, Maleani, Díaz, and Morgada. After being down 0–1 at half time, the team turned the result and won 2-1 with two goals by Martin Maleani. That same year Gimnasia won the "Reserve" championship. Consequently, Gimnasia y Esgrima became the first club of La Plata to earn a title in a competition organized by an Association recognized by FIFA.

The European Tour of 1930/1931
Between December 1930 and April 1931, Gimnasia's team, which later would be known as "El Expreso" (in English, "The Express"), toured Europe and Brazil. Gimnasia became the first Argentine club outside Greater Buenos Aires to compete in Europe, and the first ever to play in Portugal, Czechoslovakia, Austria and Italy. In the European portion of the tour, Gimnasia played twenty-two games, winning eleven and losing six. On February 15, 1931, Gimnasia defeated Sportverein München 4-0 at Munich, in a game remarkable for being the first match played by an Argentine team on a snow-covered pitch. On March 8, Gimnasia won 3-1 over AC Sparta Praha at Prague, a team that was arguably the strongest in Europe at the time, and that no South American team had yet defeated
. Gimnasia also won its matches against three of the most important European clubs: a 3-1 victory against Real Madrid (at Madrid, on January 1, 1931), 2-1 against FC Barcelona (at Barcelona, on January 6, 1931), and 1-0 against Benfica (at Lisbon, on March 29, 1931).
Professional era (1931–2008)

El Expreso of 1933
Already in the professional era, Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata entered in the history of Argentine soccer with a famous team known as "El Expreso" (The Express). The "1933 Express" comfortably won the first round of the First Division championship. In the second round, Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata led the championship, until it faced Boca Juniors and San Lorenzo de Almagro. In these matches, Gimnasia was subject to openly biased arbitration. In the latter game, the referee Rojo Miró favoured so blatantly San Lorenzo that the Gimnasia players famously refused to continue with the charade, and "went on strike." They simply sat on the field, while San Lorenzo scored unopposedly, before the referee terminated the game with a 7–1 outcome. The 1933 team ended in the fourth place (San Lorenzo was the champion) with a record of 21 victories, four draws and nine defeats. However, the legendary Express had been born, and it never left the memory of its fans
. The top scorer of The Express was Arturo "El Torito" Naón with 33 goals.
Governor Alende Cup (1960) 

This Cup was disputed in 1960 and was organized by the club Estudiantes de La Plata. It was called "Gobernador de la  Province of Buenos Aires Dr. Oscar Alende Cup", in honoring the governor Oscar Alende. The cup was an international quadrangular, comprising friendly matches between Estudiantes, Gimnasia, Club Nacional de Football and Club Atlético Peñarol, the latter being the two main football clubs from Uruguay.

Gimnasia won both meetings against the Uruguayan teams: 5–2 against Nacional and 1–0 against Peñarol. Estudiantes lost its respective games for 0–1 and 2–5.

In the last match, Gimnasia tied with Estudiantes 2–2. On February 13, 1960, Gimnasia was therefore crowned champion of the Gobernador Alende Cup, at the stadium of its classic archrival, located at the intersection of the 57 & 1 streets of La Plata.

La Barredora (1970)
One of the teams most remembered by Gimnasia fans is "La Barredora" ("The Sweeper"). After almost a decade alternating good and bad performances, the championships organized by the Asociación del Fútbol Argentino were restructured.

The result was the creation of two championships: the "Metropolitano", played by teams affiliated directly to the AFA (and divided in two zones), and the "Nacional", played by the teams placed in the top positions of the "Metropolitano", in addition to teams from the leagues of the Argentine interior. The rest of the teams played the "Promocional" and "Reclasificatorio" cups. Other variants existed, whereby the "Metropolitano" was played as an all-team home-and-away round robin, and the "Nacional" in a two-zone competition.

In the first year, 1967, Gimnasia y Esgrima was champion of the "Promocional" tournament.
In 1970, Gimnasia y Esgrima finished second the zone "B" behind Chacarita Juniors, and qualified to the "Nacional" semifinal against Rosario Central, who had occupied the first position in the zone "A". At that time, a conflict developped between the players and the club's administration on a disagreement about performance remuneration. Unable to solve the issue, the President Oscar Venturino fielded the club's third division on the semifinal at Rosario. The final result was a 3–0 victory for Rosario Central.

The typical eleven in that remarkable team were: Hugo Orlando Gatti; Ricardo Rezza, José Bernabé Leonardi, José Masnik, Roberto Zywica, Roberto Gonzalo; Héctor Pignani, José Santiago, Delio Onnis, José Néstor Meija, Jorge Castiglia. José Varacka was the coach.

The Return to First Division (1984)
After a bad campaign, Gimnasia y Esgrima is relegated to Primera "B" in 1979. The team played in the Second Division between 1980 and 1984, year in which it returns to First Division. The team included football players such as Ricardo "El Pulpo" Kuzemka and Carlos Carrió; its coach was Nito Veiga.

In 1984 Gimnasia y Esgrima obtained the third place in the overall table, and thus qualified to dispute an Octogonal for the second promotion to First Division. The other teams in the octogonal were Racing Club, Argentino de Rosario, Club Atlético Tigre, Defensores de Belgrano, Club Atlético Lanús, Nueva Chicago, and Deportivo Morón. Gimnasia reached the final, where it defeated Racing Club twice, first 3-1 in Avellaneda, and then 4-2 in La Plata on December 30, 1984. After these victories, Gimnasia returned to First Division in 1985 and has been playing there ever since.
Copa Centenario de la AFA (1993–94) 
The AFA organized in 1993 a cup-style (elimination) tournament named Copa Centenario ("Centennial Cup"), to celebrate its hundredth anniversary. Each first division team played its derby rival in two rounds in a double elimination system. Gimnasia eliminated its classic rival Estudiantes 1–0 with a goal by Guillermo Barros Schelotto, and qualified for the next round after a 0–0 tie in the return match. Then, Gimnasia successively eliminated Newell's Old Boys, Argentinos Juniors and Belgrano de Córdoba to win the "round of winners". River Plate won the "round of losers" and qualified for the final, with Gimnasia having home court advantage.

Gimnasia won the final 3–1 with goals by Hugo Romeo Guerra, Fernández and Guillermo Barros Schelotto. River's goal was scored by Villalba. Gimnasia's winning team included Lavallén; Sanguinetti, Morant, Ortiz, Dopazo, Fernández, Bianco, Talarico, Gustavo Barros Schelotto, Guillermo Barros Schelotto and Guerra.
After winning this cup, Gimnasia was invited to participate on the Sanwa Bank Cup in 1994.

From Griguol to Troglio (1994–2007) 
With veteran coach Carlos Timoteo Griguol at the helm, Gimnasia took second place in the 1995 Clausura tournament, repeating the performance in 1996 and 1998. Also took second place in 2002 (coached by Ramaciotti).

Gimnasia also obtained second place in 2005 under Pedro Troglio's management, after an excellent campaign that had them fighting neck to neck with Boca Juniors until the very end of the championship.

These strong showings allowed Gimnasia to take part in the top club-level competitions in South America: the Copa Sudamericana during the 2006 and 2007 editions of the Copa Libertadores.
The pending second half against Boca Juniors was played on November 8, 2006. Boca Juniors scored four goals and won the match. After the match, Troglio and some of the players hinted that the team had received death threats from some supporters, who wanted to benefit Boca in its championship bid against Gimnasia's archrivals Estudiantes. Nevertheless, Estudiantes obtained the title in the end.

La Plata District Attorney Marcelo Romero opened an investigation and cited some players and club officers to testify, but the entire affair was soon dismissed.  Player Marcelo Goux refused to participate in the next match and quit the team soon afterwards, as did fellow players Martín Cardetti and Ariel Franco. Many articles condemned Muñoz's handling of the situation, accusing him of lying to the press, and of treating violent fans as his protégés.