Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Up to 1900 
 366 - Pope Liberius (b. 352)
 768 – Pippin the Younger, King of the Franks (b. 714)
 1054 - Hermann von Reichenau, German scholar, mathematician and astronomer (b. 1013)
 1120 - Welf II, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1072)
 1143 - Agnes of Germany (b. 1072)
 1143 - Pope Innocent I
 1180 – Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118)
 1435 - Isabeau of Bavaria (b. 1370)
 1494 – Poliziano, Italian humanist (b. 1454)
 1522 - Tupac Amaru I, Incan ruler
 1541 – Paracelsus, Swiss physician, botanist, alchemist, astrologer and general occultist (b. 1493)
 1732 – Emperor Reigen of Japan (b. 1654)
 1742 - Johann Matthias Hase, German mathematician, astronomer and cartographer (b. 1684)
 1802 – Alexander Radishchev, Russian philosopher and writer (b. 1749)
 1834 – Emperor Pedro I of Brazil (b. 1798)
 1877 – Saigo Takamori, Japanese samurai (b. 1828)
 1889 - Daniel Harvey Hill, American Confederate general (b. 1821)
 1889 - Charles Leroux, American balloonist (b. 1896)
1901  2000 
 1904 – Niels Ryberg Finsen, Danish doctor, won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1860)
 1920 - Peter Carl Faberge, Russian jeweler (b. 1846)
 1929 – Mahidol Adulyadej, Prince of Thailand (b. 1892)
 1930 - William A. MacCorkle, 9th Governor of West Virginia (b. 1857)
 1939 - Carl Laemmle, German-American film producer (b. 1867)
 1945 - Hans Geiger, German physicist (b. 1882)
 1950 - Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1863)
 1969 – Warren McCulloch, American neuropsychologist (b. 1898)
 1973 - Josue de Castro, Brazilian physician, geographer and activist (b. 1908)
 1978 - Hasso von Manteuffel, German general and politician (b. 1897)
 1980 - Theodor Luts, Estonian-Brazilian director, producer and cinematographer (b. 1896)
 1981 - Patsy Kelly, American actress and singer (b. 1910)
 1982 - Sarah Churchill, English actress (b. 1914)
 1991 – Dr. Seuss, American writer (b. 1904)
 1991 - Peter Bellamy, English singer-songwriter (b. 1944)
1993 - Ian Stuart Donaldson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1957)
 1993 - Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist (b. 1913)
 1994 - Cheb Hasni, Algerian singer (b. 1968)
From 2001 
 2002 - Tim Rose, American-born English musician (b. 1940)
 2004 - Françoise Sagan, French writer (b. 1935)
 2005 - Tommy Bond, American actor (b. 1926)
 2008 - Mickey Vernon, American baseball player (b. 1918)
 2009 – Nelly Arcan, Canadian novelist (b. 1975)
 2009 – Susan Atkins, American murderer (b. 1948)
 2010 – Gennady Yanayev, Soviet politician (b. 1937)
 2014 - Greg Mackey, Australian rugby league player (b. 1961)
 2014 - Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire, English Duchess and last-surviving of the Mitford sisters (b. 1920)
 2014 - Christopher Hogwood, English conductor (b. 1941)
 2014 - Karl Miller, British literary editor (b. 1931)
 2014 - Carlotta Ikeda, Japanese dancer (b. 1941)
 2014 - Stephen Sykes, English bishop (b. 1939)
 2015 - Ellis Kaut, German author (b. 1920)
 2016 - Vladimir Kuzmichyov, Russian footballer (b. 1979)
 2016 - Bill Nunn, American actor (b. 1953)
 2016 - Bill Mollison, Australian author, physicist and biologist (b. 1928)
2016 - Buckwheat Zydeco, American musician (b. 1947)
 2017 - Valery Asapov, Russian army general (b. 1966)
 2017 - Washington Benavides, Uruguayan poet, professor and musician (b. 1930)
 2017 - Gisèle Casadesus, French actress (b. 1914)
 2017 - Joseph M. McDade, American politician (b. 1931)
 2017 - Kito Lorenc, German writer and poet (b. 1938)
 2017 - Carlos Vidal Layseca, Peruvian physician and politician (b. 1931)
 2018 - Norm Breyfogle, American comic book artist (b. 1960)
 2018 - Jim Brogan, Scottish footballer (b. 1944)
 2018 - José María Hurtado Ruiz-Tagle, Chilean politician (b. 1945)
 2018 - Ivar Martinsen, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1920)
 2018 - Tommy McDonald, American football player (b. 1934)
 2019 - Donald L. Tucker, American politician (b. 1935)
Observances 
 Independence Day in Guinea-Bissau
 Heritage Day in South Africa
 Mahidol Day in Thailand
 New Caledonia Day
 Republic Day in Trinidad and Tobago
 Armed Forces Day (Peru)

Days of the year
Up to 1900 
 1185  Byzantine Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos is brutally put to death in Constantinople.
 1309  First Siege of Gibraltar during the Spanish Reconquista.
 1556  Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor gives up the throne for his brother, Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor.
 1609  Henry Hudson explores the Hudson River.
 1683  Battle of Kahlenberg: Forces of John III Sobieski of Poland surprise Ottoman Empire forces under Kara Mustafa, defeating them decisively.
 1689  Tsar Peter I of Russia assumes absolute power.
 1814  War of 1812: Battle of North Point - An American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore, Maryland.
 1847  Mexican-American War: The Battle of Chapultepec begins.
 1848  Switzerland becomes a federal state.
 1857  The ship SS America sinks about 160 miles off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, with 426 people drowning. It was carrying gold from the California Gold Rush
 1861  American Civil War: Battle of Cheat Pike in Virginia.
1885  Arbroath F.C. 36-0 Bon Accord: This scoreline in Scotland is the highest-recorded in professional football.
 1890  Salisbury, Rhodesia (now Harare, Zimbabwe) is founded.
1901  2000 
 1905  Japanese battleship Mikasa sinks after a munitions explosion. Out of the 935 men on board, 256 are killed and 343 injured.
 1905  Copenhagen town hall is inaugurated in Denmark.
 1906  Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, south Wales.
 1910  First performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony Number 8, in Munich.
 1918  British passenger ship Galway Castle is torpedoed by a German U-boat off Land's End, Cornwall, England, killing 143 people.
 1920  The 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp begins.
 1928  A hurricane in Guadeloupe kills 1,200 people.
 1933  Leó Szilárd has the idea of a nuclear chain reaction.
 1940  World-famous cave paintings are discovered in the Lascaux in southern France.
 1940  An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenil, New Jersey kills 51 and injures over 200.
 1942  World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers, and Italian POWs, is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa, with a heavy loss of life.
1942  World War II: First Day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. US Marines protecting Henderson Field in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, are attacked by Imperial Japanese forces.
 1943  World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, led by German commandos under Otto Skorzeny.
 1944  World War II: American troops enter Germany near Trier.
 1948  Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian army on the day after the death of Pakistan's leader Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
 1949  Theodor Heuss becomes the 1st President of the Federal Republic of Germany.
 1953  John F. Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier in Newport, Rhode Island.
 1958  Jack Kilby demonstrates the first integrated circuit.
 1959  Showing of the first episode of Bonanza, first regularly scheduled television programme presented in colour.
 1959  The Soviet Union launches the Lunik II rocket.
 1959  Heinrich Lübke becomes the 2nd President of the Federal Republic of Germany.
1961  The African and Malagasy Union is founded.
 1964  The Canyonlands National Park in Utah is created.
 1966  Gemini 11, of NASA's Gemini program, is launched. 
 1970  Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan. Passengers are held at secret locations in the capital city, Amman.
 1974  Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I is deposed in a military coup.
 1977  Anti-Apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody.
 1979  Indonesia is struck by a magnitude 8.1 earthquake.
 1980  A military coup occurs in Turkey.
 1988  Hurricane Gilbert hits Jamaica.
 1990  The Faroe Islands national football team scores a surprise 1-0 win over the Austria national football team. The Faroese players are celebrated as heroes after their return home from the match.
 1990  East Germany's national football team plays its last-ever match, winning 2-0 against the Belgium national football team.
1992  NASA's Space Shuttle Endeavour is launched on the STS-47 mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison (first African American woman in space), Mamoru Mohri (first Japanese citizen on a US spaceship), and Mark Lee and Jan Davis (first married couple in space).
 1992  Shining Path leader Abimael Guzman is arrested in Peru, by special forces.
 1994  Frank Eugene Corder crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 light aircraft into the West Wing of the White House in Washington, DC, killing himself.
 1999  Indonesia announces it will allow international peacekeepers into East Timor.
From 2001 
 2003  The UN lifts sanctions against Libya.
 2003  US Forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers in Fallujah.
 2005  Hong Kong Disneyland opens.
 2007  Former President of the Philippines Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder.
 2008  The Chatsworth train collision occurs in Los Angeles, California, between a Metrolink commerce train and a Union Pacific Freight train, killing 25 people.
 2011  About 100 people are killed by an oil pipeline explosion in Nairobi, Kenya.
 2011  Russian ice hockey player Alexander Galimov dies, as the 44th, and final, victim of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl plane crash, which occurred on September 7. The whole team was killed.
 2015  Jeremy Corbyn is elected leader of the British Labour Party.
 2015  An explosion in Petlawad in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people.
Up to 1900 
 1492  Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke of Urbino (d. 1519)
 1494  King Francis I of France (d. 1547)
 1575  Henry Hudson, English explorer (d. 1611)
 1605  William Dugdale, English antiquarian (d. 1686)
 1649  Giuseppe Maria Tomasi, Italian cardinal (d. 1713)
 1652  Frederick Charles, Duke of Württemberg-Winnental (d. 1697)
 1688  Ferdinand Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1731)
 1690  Peter Dens, Belgian Catholic theologian (d. 1775)
 1725  Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (d. 1792)
 1736  Hsinbyushin, King of Burma (d. 1776)
 1740  Johann Heinrich Jung, German writer (d. 1817)
 1759  Maximilian von Montgelas, Bavarian politician (d. 1838)
 1768  Benjamin Carr, American composer, singer, teacher and publisher (d. 1831)
 1800  Pierre Charles Fournier de Saint-Amant, French chess player (d. 1872)
 1812  Richard Hoe, American inventor and industrialist (d. 1886)
 1818  Richard Gatling, American weapons inventor (d. 1903)
 1818  Theodor Kullak, German pianist and composer (d. 1915)
1829  Anselm Feuerbach, German painter (d. 1880)
 1830  William Sprague, 72nd Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1915)
 1837  Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse (d. 1892)
 1838  Arthur Auwers, German astronomer (d. 1915)
 1852  H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1928)
 1855  William Sharp, Scottish writer (d. 1905)
 1855  Simon-Napoleon Parent, 12th Premier of Quebec (d. 1920)
 1857  Manuel Espinosa Batista, Panamanian politician and businessman (d. 1919)
 1857  George Hendrik Breitner, Dutch painter (d. 1923)
 1865  Sophus Claussen, Danish writer (d. 1931)
 1866  Freeman Freeman-Thompson, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, 13th Governor General of Canada (d. 1941)
 1875  Matsunosuke Onoe, Japanese actor (d. 1926)
 1880  H. L. Mencken, American journalist and writer (d. 1956)
 1885  Heinrich Hoffmann, German photographer (d. 1957)
 1887  Yusif Vazir Chamanzaminli, Azerbaijani writer and statesman (d. 1943)
 1888  Maurice Chevalier, French singer and actor (d. 1972)
1889  Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 3rd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1942)
 1891  Don Pedro Albizu Campos, advocate for Puerto Rican independence (d. 1965)
 1891  Fred Kelly, American athlete (d. 1974)
 1891  Arthur Hays Sulzberger, American publisher (d. 1968)
 1892  Alfred A. Knopf, American publisher (d. 1984)
 1894  Friedrich Ebert, Jr., German politician (d. 1979)
 1894  Billy Gilbert, American actor and composer (d. 1971)
 1897  Irène Joliot-Curie, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 1956)
 1898  Salvador Bacarisse, Spanish composer (d. 1963)
1901  1950 
 1901  Ben Blue, Canadian actor and comedian (d. 1975)
 1901  Shmuel Horowitz, Russian-Israeli agronomist (d. 1999)
 1902  Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of Brazil (d. 1976)
 1904  Gavriil Popov, Russian composer (d. 1972)
 1904  Istvan Horthy, Hungarian admiral (d. 1942)
 1907  Roger Bonvin, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1982)
 1912  Frances Lennon, English artist (d. 2015)
 1913  Jesse Owens, American athlete, four-time Olympic champion (d. 1980)
 1913  Eiji Toyoda, Japanese industrialist (d. 2013)
 1914  Desmond Llewelyn, Welsh actor (d. 1999)
 1915  Frank McGee, American journalist (d. 1974)
 1916  Tony Bettenhausen, American race car driver (d. 1961)
 1921  Stanislaw Lem, Polish writer (d. 2006)
 1922  Antonio Cafiero, Argentine politician (d. 2014)
 1924  Amilcar Cabral, Cape Verdean-Guinea-Bissauan politician (d. 1973)
 1925  Stan Lopata, American baseball player (d. 2013)
 1925  Dickie Moore, American actor (d. 2015)
 1927  Mathé Altéry, French soprano and actress
1928  Ernie Vandeweghe, American basketball player (d. 2014)
 1930  Gunder Gundersen, Norwegian skier (d. 2005)
 1930  Akira Suzuki, Japanese chemist
 1931  Sir Ian Holm, English actor
 1931  George Jones, American singer (d. 2013)
 1931  Adrian Rogers, American religious leader (d. 2005)
 1932  Atli Dam, 5th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 2005)
 1933  Tatiana Doronina, Russian actress
 1934  Jaegwon Kim, Korean-American philosopher
 1934  Glenn Davis, American athlete (d. 2009)
 1937  George Chuvalo, Canadian boxer
 1938  Claude Ruel, French-Canadian ice hockey coach (d. 2015)
 1939  Nobuyuki Oishi, Japanese footballer
 1939  Henry Waxman, United States Congressman
 1940  Joachim Frank, German-American biophysicist, joint 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner
 1940  Mickey Lolich, American baseball player
 1940  Linda Gray, American actress
 1943  Maria Muldaur, American singer
 1943  Michael Ondaatje, Sri Lankan-born writer
 1944  Leonard Peltier, Native American activist
1944  Yoshio Kikugawa, Japanese footballer
 1944  Barry White, American singer (d. 2003)
 1944  Vladimir Spivakov, Russian violinist and conductor
 1944  Colin Young, American singer
 1949  Irina Rodnina, Russian figure skater
 1949  Charles Burlingame, American pilot (d. 2001)
1951  1975 
 1951  Joe Pantoliano, American actor
 1951  Bertie Ahern, Irish politician and former Taoiseach
 1951  Ali-Ollie Woodson, American singer and musician (d. 2010)
 1952  Neil Peart, Canadian musician and writer (Rush) (d. 2020)
 1952  Gerry Beckley, American musician
 1953  Fiona Mactaggart, Scottish politician
 1954  Peter Scolari, American actor
 1956  Leslie Cheung, Hong Kong singer (d. 2003)
 1956  Ricky Rudd, American race car driver
 1956  Sam Brownback, American politician, 46th Governor of Kansas
 1956  Brian Robertson, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1957  Hans Zimmer, German composer
 1957  Rachel Ward, English actress
 1958  Wilfredo Benitez, American boxer
 1959  Sigmar Gabriel, German politician
 1959  Scott Brown, United States Senator
 1959  Hisashi Kaneko, Japanese footballer
 1960  Stefanos Korkolis, Greek songwriter and pianist
 1961  Mylène Farmer, French singer-songwriter
 1962  Amy Yasbeck, American actress
 1964  Dieter Hecking, German footballer
1966  Ben Folds, American musician
 1966  Vezio Sacratini, Italian ice hockey player
 1967  Mirko Slomka, German footballer and manager
 1967  Pat Listach, American baseball player
 1968  Paul F. Tompkins, American comedian, actor and screenwriter
 1969  Mika Myllyla, Finnish cross-country skier (d. 2011)
 1969  Angel Cabrera, Argentine golfer
 1969  Shigeki Maruyama, Japanese golfer
 1971  Chandra Sturrup, Bahamanian athlete
 1973  Darren Campbell, British athlete
 1973  Martin Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player
 1973  Paul Walker, American actor (d. 2013)
 1974  Caroline Aigle, French pilot (d. 2007)
 1974  Nuno Valente, Portuguese footballer
From 1976 
 1976  Maciej Zurawski, Polish footballer
 1976  2 Chainz, American rapper
 1976  Lauren Stamile, American actress
 1977  Nathan Bracken, Australian cricketer
 1977  James McCartney, British musician
 1978  Ruben Studdard, American singer
 1980  Sean Burroughs, American baseball player
 1980  Josef Vasicek, Czech ice hockey player (d. 2011)
 1980  Yao Ming, Chinese basketball player
 1981  Jennifer Hudson, American singer and actress
 1983  Sergio Parisse, Argentine-born Italian rugby player
 1984  September, Swedish singer
 1985  Hiroki Mizumoto, Japanese footballer
 1986  Yuto Nagatomo, Japanese footballer
 1986  Joanne Jackson, British swimmer
 1986  Emmy Rossum, American actress and singer
 1987  Yaroslava Shvedova, Kazakhstani tennis player
 1988  Amanda Jenssen, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1989  Freddie Freeman, American baseball player
 1992  Sviatlana Pirazhenka, Belarussian tennis player
 1993  Kelsea Ballerini, American singer
 1994  Elina Svitolina, Ukrainian tennis player
1994  Mhairi Black, Scottish politician
 1996  Colin Ford, American actor
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 640  Sak K'uk', Maya Queen of Palenque
 1185  Andronikos I Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118)
 1213  Peter II of Aragon (b. 1174)
 1348  Joan the Lame, Queen of France (b. 1293)
 1362  Pope Innocent VI (b. 1295)
 1369  Blanche of Lancaster (b. 1345)
 1500  Albert III, Duke of Saxony (b. 1443)
 1612  Tsar Vasili IV of Russia (b. 1552)
 1660  Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (b. 1577)
 1683  King Afonso VI of Portugal (b. 1643)
 1691  John George III, Elector of Saxony (b. 1647)
 1764  Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (b. 1683)
 1829  Juan Ignacio Molina, Chilean naturalist (b. 1740)
 1870  Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American writer (b. 1836)
 1874  François Guizot, 22nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1787)
 1885  Ranbir Singh, 2nd Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir (b. 1830)
1901  2000 
 1903  Duncan Gillies, Australian politician, 14th Premier of Victoria (b. 1834)
 1907  Ilia Chavchavadze, Georgian poet, journalist and lawyer (b. 1837)
 1918  George Reid, 4th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1845)
 1919  Leonid Andreyev, Russian writer (b. 1871)
 1929  Rainis, Latvian poet, playwright and politician (b. 1865)
 1938  Prince Arthur of Connaught (b. 1883)
 1945  Hajime Sugiyama, Japanese general (b. 1880)
 1956  Hans Carossa, German writer (b. 1878)
 1956  Sandor Festetics, Hungarian politician (b. 1882)
 1960  Dino Borgioli, Italian tenor (b. 1891)
 1977  Steve Biko, South African anti-Apartheid activist (b. 1946)
 1977  Robert Lowell, American poet (b. 1917)
 1981  Eugenio Montale, Italian poet (b. 1896)
 1982  Federico Moreno Torroba, Spanish composer (b. 1891)
 1986  Jacques Henri Lartigue, French photographer (b. 1894)
 1992  Anthony Perkins, American actor (b. 1932)
 1993  Raymond Burr, Canadian actor (b. 1917)
 1994  Boris Yegorov, Russian physician and cosmonaut (b. 1937)
1995  Jeremy Brett, English actor (b. 1933)
 1995  Yasutomo Nagai, Japanese motorcycle racer (b. 1965)
 1996  Ernesto Geisel, President of Brazil (b. 1907)
 2000  Gary Olsen, English actor (b. 1957)
From 2001 
 2001  Victor Wong, Chinese-American actor (b. 1927)
 2003  Johnny Cash, American country music singer (b. 1932)
 2004  Max Abramowitz, American architect (b. 1908)
 2008  David Foster Wallace, American writer (b. 1962)
 2009  Norman Borlaug, American agronomist (b. 1914)
 2009  Jack Kramer, American tennis player (b. 1921)
 2009  Willy Ronis, French photographer (b. 1910)
 2010  Claude Chabrol, French movie director (b. 1930)
 2011  Alexander Galimov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1985)
 2012  Sid Watkins, British neurosurgeon (b. 1928)
 2012  Derek Jameson, British tabloid journalist and broadcaster (b. 1929)
 2013  Erich Loest, German writer (b. 1926)
 2013  Otto Sander, German actor (b. 1941)
 2013  Ray Dolby, American engineer and inventor (b. 1933)
 2014  Atef Ebeid, Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1932)
 2014  Ian Paisley, Northern Irish religious and political leader (b. 1926)
 2014  John Bardon, English actor (b. 1939)
 2014  Joe Sample, American pianist and composer (b. 1939)
2014  Antony Kidman, Australian psychologist, biochemist and writer (b. 1938)
 2015  Adrian Frutiger, Swiss typeface designer (b. 1928)
 2016  Gunilla Bernadotte, Swedish duchess (b. 1923)
 2016  Ellen Burka, Canadian-Dutch figure skater (b. 1921)
 2016  Stanley Steinbaum, American activist (b. 1920)
 2017  Heiner Geissler, German politician (b. 1930)
 2017  Alex Hawkins, American football player (b. 1937)
 2017  Siegfried Köhler, German conductor (b. 1923)
 2017  Allan MacEachen, Canadian politician (b. 1921)
 2017  Edith Windsor, American LGBT rights activist and technological manager at IBM (b. 1929)
 2018  Henry Kalis, American politician (b. 1937)
 2018  Hans Kloss, German artist and graphic designer (b. 1938)
 2018  Walter Mischel, Austrian-American psychologist (b. 1930)
 2018  Billy O'Dell, American baseball player (b. 1933)
 2018  Shen Chun-shan, Taiwanese physicist and academic (b. 1932)
 2018  Rachid Taha, Algerian singer, songwriter and activist (b. 1958)
Observances 
 National Day of Cape Verde
 Ethiopian New Year
 Day of Conception (Russia)
 Defenders Day (Maryland)

Days of the year
Up to 1900 
 509 BC  The temple of Jupiter on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.
 81  Domitian becomes Roman Emperor.
 122  The building of Hadrian's Wall begins.
 335  Emperor Constantine I consecrates the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.
 533  Belisarius and the Roman Empire defeat Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimium near Carthage, North Africa.
 604  Pope Sabinianus is consecrated.
 1440  Gilles de Rais is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
 1501  Michelangelo begins work on his famous statue David.
 1541  John Calvin returns to Geneva after three years in exile, to re-form the Calvinist Church.
 1584  The Spanish royal palace San Lorenzo del Escorial, near Madrid, is completed.
 1598  Philip III of Spain becomes King.
 1609  Henry Hudson reaches the river that will later be named after him – the Hudson River.
 1743  England, Austria and Savoy-Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms.
1759  Battle of the Plains of Abraham: British defeat French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.
 1782  American Revolutionary War: French-Spanish troops launch the unsuccessful "grand assault" during the Great Siege of Gibraltar.
 1788  The United States Constitutional Convention sets the date for the country's first presidential election, and New York City becomes the temporary capital of the U.S.
 1791  King Louis XVI of France accepts the new constitution
 1813  The British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland. Turning point in the War of 1812.
 1843  The Greek Army rebels against the autocratic rule of King Otto of Greece.
 1847  Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.
1848  American Phineas Gage survives an accident in which an iron pole goes through his head. The resulting change in his behaviour becomes the subject of several scientific studies.
 1850  First successful climb of Piz Bernina, the highest summit in the Eastern portion of the Alps.
 1858  A fire on German passenger steamer Austria kills 471 people.
 1862  Union soldiers find Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland.
 1898  Hannibal Williston Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film
 1899  Henry Bliss is the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident.
 1900  Filipino resistance fighters defeat a larger American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine American War.
1901  1950 
 1906  First airplane flight in Europe
 1914  During World War I, South African troops open hostilities in German SW Africa (Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.
 1914  World War I: Battle of Aisne begins between France and Germany.
 1922  The temperature (in the shade) at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya reaches a world record 136.4 °F (58 °C), though this measurement was doubted in 2012 and the record given back to the 57 degrees Celsius measured at Death Valley, California in 1913.
 1923  Military coup in Spain – Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
 1928  A hurricane devastates the Caribbean.
 1933  Elizabeth McCombs becomes the first woman to be elected to the New Zealand Parliament.
 1939  Canada enters World War II.
 1940  World War II: German bombs damage Buckingham Palace.
 1940  World War II: Italy invades Egypt.
1941  Two of the worst tragedies in Norwegian shipping occur. In the Finnmark region, a passenger steamer of the Hurtigruten line is sunk by a British U-boat, killing 99. On the same night, at Vestfjord, a passenger ship is sunk by a British torpedo, killing 112.
 1943  Chiang Kai-shek elected president of the Republic of China.
 1948  Margaret Chase Smith is elected senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.
 1950  West Germany holds its first census, establishing a population of 47.3 million.
1951  2000 
 1953  Nikita Khrushchev is appointed secretary-general of the Soviet Union.
 1956  The dyke around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.
 1959  The Soviet Lunik 2 space probe lands on the moon.
 1965  Baseball: Willie Mays becomes the fifth member of the 500 home run club with a home run at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas.
 1968  Albania leaves the Warsaw Pact.
 1970  First running of the New York City Marathon.
 1971  State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to end a prison revolt. 42 people die in the assault.
 1971  Frank Robinson becomes the 11th member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland.
 1979  South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognized outside South Africa).
 1985  The Super Mario Bros. video game is released by Nintendo in Japan.
1987  Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and leading some to die from radiation poisoning.
 1988  Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere (based on barometric pressure).
 1989  Largest anti-Apartheid march is held in South Africa, led by Desmond Tutu.
 1991  A concrete beam weighing 55 tons falls in the Olympic Stadium, Montreal, Canada.
 1993  Public unveiling of the Oslo Accords, an Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement initiated by Norway.
 1994  Ulysses probe passes the Sun's south pole.
 1996  After surviving for six days, U.S. rapper/actor Tupac Shakur dies after being shot four times in a drive by shooting in Las Vegas, Nevada.
 1999  A bomb explodes in Moscow, Russia. At least 119 people are killed.
From 2001 
 2001  Civilian airplane traffic in the U.S., which had been grounded following the September 11, 2001 attacks, is allowed to resume.
 2004  The anime InuYasha finishes its run in Japan with episode 167.
 2005  The Israelis abandon the Gaza Strip.
 2005  Major Japanese Pop group Do As Infinity announces that it's disbanding.
 2007  The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is adopted by the United Nations General Assembly.
 2008  Delhi, India is hit by a series of bomb blasts, killing 30.
 2008  Hurricane Ike hits Texas.
 2012  2012 U.S. diplomatic missions attacks: Protests spread to US diplomatic missions in Yemen, Morocco, Sudan and Yemen, as well as the Swiss Embassy in Tehran, which handles US interests in Iran.
 2023  Israel attacks Syria's west coast, killing two soldiers and injuring six.

Births
Up to 1850 
 64  Julia Flavia, daughter of Roman Emperor Titus (d. 91)
 678  K'inich Ahkal Mo' Naab' III, Mayan ruler (d. 730)
 1087  John II Komnene, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1143)
 1475  Cesare Borgia, Italian aristocrat and ruler (d. 1507)
 1502  John Leland, English antiquarian (d. 1552)
 1521  William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, English statesman (d. 1598)
 1594  Francesco Manelli, Italian composer (d. 1667)
 1601  Jan Brueghel the Younger, Flemish painter (d. 1678)
 1630  Olaus Rudbeck, Swedish polymath (d. 1702)
 1694  Yeongjo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (d. 1776)
 1755  Oliver Evans, American inventor (d. 1819)
 1766  Samuel Wilson, likely namesake of Uncle Sam (d. 1854)
 1775  Laura Secord, Canadian war heroine (d. 1868)
 1802  Arnold Ruge, German philosopher and political writer (d. 1880)
 1813  Jozsef Eotvos, Hungarian writer and statesman (d. 1871)
 1813  John Sedgwick, American general (d. 1864)
 1818  Gustave Aimard, French writer (d. 1893)
1819  Clara Schumann, German pianist and composer (d. 1896)
 1830  Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Austrian writer (d. 1916)
 1842  John H. Bankhead, American politician (d. 1920)
 1842  Jan Puczyna de Kosielsno, Polish cardinal (d. 1911)
1851  1900 
 1851  Walter Reed, American bacteriologist (d. 1902)
 1853  Hans Christian Gram, Danish bacteriologist (d. 1938)
 1856  Sergei Winogradsky, Russian microbiologist (d. 1953)
 1857  Milton S. Hershey, American confectioner (d. 1945)
 1860  John J. Pershing, American general (d. 1948)
 1863  Arthur Henderson, British politician (d. 1935)
 1865  William Birdwood, British general (d. 1951)
 1872  Kijuro Shidehara, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1951)
 1873  Constantin Caratheodory, Greek mathematician (d. 1950)
 1874  Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian-born composer (d. 1951)
 1874  Henry F. Ashurst, American politician (d. 1962)
 1876  Sherwood Anderson, American writer (d. 1941)
 1877  Wilhelm Filchner, German explorer (d. 1957)
 1877  Stanley Lord, English captain (d. 1962)
 1880  Jesse L. Lasky, American movie producer (d. 1958)
 1882  Ramon Grau, 6th President of Cuba (d. 1969)
 1883  Giovanni Pastrone, Italian filmmaker (d. 1959)
 1884  Petros Voulgaris, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1957)
1885  Wilhelm Blaschke, Austrian mathematician and author (d. 1962)
 1885  Alain LeRoy Locke, American writer, philosopher and educator (d. 1954)
 1886  Robert Robinson, British chemist (d. 1975)
 1886  Amelie Beese, German pilot (d. 1925)
 1887  Lavoslav Ruzicka, Croatian chemist (d. 1976)
 1887  Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., American politician (d. 1944)
 1890  Antony Noghès, French businessman (d. 1978)
 1891  Max Pruss, German airship commander (d. 1960)
 1892  Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia (d. 1980)
 1893  Larry Shields, American clarinetist (d. 1953)
 1894  J. B. Priestley, British playwright and novelist (d. 1984)
 1894  Julian Tuwim, Polish poet (d. 1953)
 1895  Morris Kirksey, American athlete (d. 1981)
 1899  Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, Romanian, leader of the Iron Guard (d. 1938)
1901  1950 
 1903  Claudette Colbert, French-born actress (d. 1996)
 1904  Luigi Bertolini, Italian footballer (d. 1977)
 1908  Carlos Peucelle, Argentine footballer (d. 1990)
 1908  Mae Questel, American actress (d. 1998)
 1908  Sicco Mansholt, Dutch politician, 4th President of the European Commission (d. 1995)
 1909  Frits Thors, Dutch newscaster (d. 2014)
 1909  James A. Rhodes, Governor of Ohio (d. 2001)
 1911  Bill Monroe, American Country musician (d. 1996)
 1912  Horace W. Babcock, American astronomer (d. 2003)
 1913  Tadao Horie, Japanese footballer (d. 2003)
 1914  Leonard Feather, British-born jazz pianist, composer and producer (d. 1994)
 1916  Roald Dahl, British writer (d. 1990)
 1918  Ray Charles, American musician (d. 2015)
 1918  Dick Haymes, American singer and actor (d. 1980)
 1918  Rosemary Kennedy, sister of John F. Kennedy (d. 2005)
 1919  Olle Anderberg, Swedish wrestler (d. 2003)
 1919  Mary Midgley, English philosopher and author (d. 2018)
1923  Zoya Ksmodenskaya, Soviet-Russian partisan (d. 1941)
 1924  Maurice Jarre, French composer (d. 2009)
 1924  Norman Alden, American actor (d. 2012)
 1925  Frank Cashen, American Major League Baseball general manager (d. 2014)
 1926  Emile Francis, Canadian ice hockey player
 1927  Tzannis Tzannetakis, former Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2010)
 1928  Robert Indiana, American painter (d. 2018)
 1929  Nicolai Ghiaurov, Bulgarian opera singer (d. 2004)
 1931  Marjorie Jackson-Nelson, 33rd Governor of South Australia
 1931  Barbara Bain, American actress
 1936  Stefano Delle Chiaie, Italian activist (d. 2019)
 1938  John Smith, British politician (d. 1994)
 1939  Arleen Auger, American soprano (d. 1993)
 1939  Richard Kiel, American actor (d. 2014)
 1939  Larry Speakes, American journalist (d. 2014)
 1939  Guntis Ulmanis, former President of Latvia
 1939  Bill Janklow, former Governor of South Dakota (d. 2012)
 1939  Joel-Peter Witkin, American photographer
 1940  Oscar Arias, former President of Costa Rica
1941  Ahmet Necdet Sezer, 10th President of Turkey
 1941  Ed Roberts, American inventor (d. 2010)
 1941  David Clayton-Thomas, Canadian singer
 1941  Tadao Ando, Japanese architect
 1942  Hissène Habré, 7th President of Chad
 1944  Jacqueline Bisset, British actress
 1944  Peter Cetera, American musician
 1945  Gertrude Mongella, Tanzanian politician
 1946  Frank Marshall, American movie producer, director and actor
 1948  Sitiveni Rabuka, 3rd Prime Minister of Fiji
 1949  Dennis Pendrith, Canadian bass player
 1949  John W. Henry, American businessman
 1950  Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz, 8th Prime Minister of Poland
1951  1975 
 1952  Randy Jones, American musician (The Village People)
 1954  Shigeharu Ueki, Japanese footballer
 1955  Joe Morris, American musician
 1955  Colin Moynihan, British politician, Chairman of the British Olympic Association
 1956  Anne Geddes, Australian photographer
 1956  Alain Ducasse, French chef
 1957  Vinny Appice, American drummer
 1957  Cesare Bocci, Italian actor and television presenter
 1958  Bobby Davro, British comedian
 1958  Peter Wirnsberger, Austrian skier
 1960  Greg Baldwin, American actor
 1960  Hubert Schwarz, German skier and ski jumper
 1961  Dave Mustaine, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer and actor
 1962  Tone Onnepalu, Estonian writer
 1964  Tavis Smiley, American talk show host, journalist and writer
 1964  Mladen Mladenovic, Croatian footballer
 1965  Zak Starkey, British musician
 1965  Diego Aguirre, Uruguayan footballer
 1966  Maria Furtwaengler, German physician
 1967  Michael Johnson, American Olympic Games gold medalist in track and field
1967  Jim "Ripper" Owens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1969  Shane Warne, Australian cricketer
 1969  Daniel Fonseca, Uruguayan footballer
 1969  Tyler Perry, American actor, director, screenwriter and producer
 1970  Louise Lombard, British actress
 1970  Martin Herrera, Argentine footballer
 1971  Goran Ivanisevic, Croatian tennis player
 1971  Stella McCartney, British fashion designer
 1973  Christine Arron, French runner
 1973  Fabio Cannavaro, Italian footballer
 1974  Travis Knight, American basketball player
 1975  Ian Carey, American DJ and music producer
From 1976 
 1977  Fiona Apple, American singer-songwriter and pianist
 1978  Peter Sunde, Swedish entrepreneur
 1979  Manuel Friedrich, German footballer
 1980  Andreas Biermann, German footballer (d. 2014)
 1980  Gilberto Ribeiro Gonçalves, Brazilian footballer
 1980  Daisuke Matsuzaka, Japanese baseball player
 1982  Miha Jupan, Slovenian basketball player
 1982  Alison Thewliss, Scottish politician
 1983  James Bourne, English singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
 1985  Emi Suzuki, Japanese model and actress
 1985  David Jordan, English singer-songwriter
 1986  Kamui Kobayashi, Japanese racing driver
 1987  Tzvetana Pironkova, Bulgarian tennis player
 1987  Fraizer Campbell, English footballer
 1987  Luke Fitzgerald, Irish rugby player
 1988  Keith Treacy, Irish footballer
 1989  Thomas Müller, German footballer
 1991  Ksenia Afanasyeva, Russian artistic gymnast
 1993  Niall Horan, Irish singer (One Direction)
 1993  Alice Merton, German singer
 1994  Leonor Andrade, Portuguese singer and actress
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 81  Titus, Roman Emperor (b. 39)
 1321  Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (b. 1265)
 1409  Isabella of Valois, Queen of England (b. 1389)
 1438  Duarte, King of Portugal (b. 1391)
 1506  Andrea Mantegna, Italian painter
 1557  John Cheke, English classical scholar (b. 1514)
 1592  Michel de Montaigne, French writer (b. 1533)
 1598  Philip II, King of Spain (b. 1526)
 1624  Ketevan of Kakheti, Christian martyr and Queen of Kakheti, Georgia (b. 1565)
 1632  Archduke Leopold V of Austria (b. 1586)
 1759  James Wolfe, British general (b. 1727)
 1806  Charles James Fox, British politician (b. 1749)
 1808  Saverio Bettinelli, Italian writer (b. 1748)
 1813  Hezqeyas of Ethiopia, deposed Emperor of Ethiopia
 1872  Ludwig Feuerbach, German philosopher (b. 1804)
 1881  Ambrose Burnside, US General (b. 1824)
1901  2000 
 1905  René Goblet, 52nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1828)
 1910  Rajanikanta Sen, Bengali poet and musician (b. 1865)
 1912  Joseph Furphy, Australian writer (b. 1843)
 1915  Andrew L. Harris, 44th Governor of Ohio (b. 1835)
 1928  Italo Svevo, Italian writer (b. 1861)
 1929  Jatindra Nath Das, Indian activist (b. 1904)
 1931  Lili Elbe, Danish model and painter (b. 1882)
 1937  David Robertson, Scottish golfer and rugby player (b. 1869)
 1941  Elias Disney, Canadian father of Walt Disney (b. 1859)
 1944  W. Heath Robinson, English cartoonist (b. 1872)
 1944  Noor Inayat Khan, Indian-British agent (b. 1914)
 1946  William Watt, Australian politician, 24th Premier of Victoria (b. 1871)
 1946  Eugene Lanceray, Russian painter, sculptor and illustrator (b. 1875)
 1946  Amon Goeth, Austrian war criminal (b. 1908)
 1949  August Krogh, Danish zoologist, won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1874)
 1960  Leo Weiner, Hungarian composer and music educator (b. 1885)
1967  Robert George, 24th Governor of South Australia (b. 1896)
 1971  Lin Biao, Chinese political leader (b. 1907)
 1973  Betty Field, American actress (b. 1913)
 1976  Armand Mondou, French-Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1905)
 1977  Leopold Stokowski, British conductor (b. 1882)
 1987  Mervyn LeRoy, American movie director (b. 1900)
 1991  Metin Oktay, Turkish footballer (b. 1936)
 1991  Robert Irving, British conductor (b. 1913)
 1991  Joe Pasternak, American director (b. 1901)
 1996  Tupac Shakur, aka 2Pac, American rapper and actor (b. 1971)
 1998  George Wallace, American politician (b. 1919)
 1999  Benjamin Bloom, American educational theorist (b. 1913)
From 2001 
 2001  Dorothy McGuire, American actress (b. 1916)
 2002  George Stanley, Canadian soldier, historian and author (b. 1907)
 2003  Frank O'Bannon, Governor of Indiana (b. 1930)
 2004  Luis E. Miramontes, Mexican chemist (b. 1925)
 2005  Julio César Turbay Ayala, 33rd President of Colombia (b. 1916)
 2006  Ann Richards, American politician, Governor of Texas (b. 1933)
 2008  Peter Camejo, American politician (b. 1939)
 2011  Richard Hamilton, British painter and collage artist (b. 1922)
 2011  Walter Bonatti, Italian mountaineer (b. 1930)
 2012  Peter Lougheed, Canadian politician, lawyer, and footballer, 10th Premier of Alberta (b. 1928)
 2012  Otto Stich, Swiss politician (b. 1927)
 2013  Salustiano Sanchez, Spanish-American supercentenarian (b. 1901)
 2014  David Cawthorne Haines, Scottish aid worker (b. 1970)
 2014  Benjamin Adekunle, Nigerian general (b. 1936)
 2014  Frank Torre, American baseball player and manager (b. 1931)
 2015  Moses Malone, American basketball player (b. 1955)
2017  Pete Domenici, American politician (b. 1932)
 2017  Per Fugelli, Norwegian physician (b. 1943)
 2017  Slavko Goldstein, Croatian Jewish writer, Holocaust survivor, publisher and politician (b. 1928)
 2017  Grant Hart, American singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1961)
 2017  Frank Vincent, American actor (b. 1937)
 2017  Basil Gogos, Egyptian-born American magazine cover painter (b. 1929)
 2017  Kazimierz Ryczan, Polish Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1939)
 2018  Guido Ceronetti, Italian journalist and poet (b. 1927)
 2018  Marin Mazzie, American actress (b. 1960)
 2018  Albrecht Wellmer, German philosopher (b. 1933)
 2018  John Wilcock, British journalist (b. 1927)
 2018  Martha Vaughan, American biochemist and physiologist (b. 1926)
 2019  Asadollah Asgaroladi, Iranian businessman (b. 1934)
 2019  Alex Grammas, American baseball player (b. 1926)
 2019  Bruno Grandi, Italian sports executive (b. 1934)
 2019  Rudi Gutendorf, German footballer and coach (b. 1926)
2019  Ghulam Shah Jeelani, Pakistani politician (b. 1957)
 2019  György Konrád, Hungarian novelist (b. 1933)
 2019  Eddie Money, American singer-songwriter (b. 1949)
References

Days of the year
Up to 1900 
 668  Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is murdered in his bath.
 1440  Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest-known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
 1616  The first non-aristocratic free public school in Europe is opened in Frascati, Italy.
 1762  Seven Years' War: Battle of Signal Hill.
 1776  American Revolutionary War: British forces land at Kip's Bay, during the New York Campaign.
 1789  The United States Department of State is founded, as the Department of Foreign Affairs.
 1812  The French army under Napoleon Bonaparte enters Moscow.
 1812  War of 1812: A second supply train sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack of the Narrows.
 1820  Constitutionalist Revolution in Lisbon
 1821  Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica jointly declare independence from Spain.
1830  The Liverpool to Manchester railway line opens. On the same day, William Huskisson becomes the first railway fatality after being hit by a locomotive.
 1835  The HMS Beagle arrives in the Galapagos Islands with a young Charles Darwin on board.
 1851  Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 1862  American Civil War: Confederate forces capture Harper's Ferry, then in Virginia, now in West Virginia.
 1873  Franco-Prussian War: The last German troops leave France.
 1875  Indianola, Texas, is destroyed by a Hurricane, killing between 150 and 300 people.
 1894  First Sino-Japanese War: Japan defeats China in the Battle of Pyongyang.
1901  2000 
 1916  World War I: Tanks are used in battle for the first time, in the Somme, northern France.
 1935  With the Nuremberg Laws, the Nazis strip Jews of German citizenship.
 1935  The Nazis adopt the Swastika flag as the flag of Germany.
 1940  World War II: Climax of the Battle of Britain.
 1942  World War II: United States Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp is torpedoed at Guadalcanal, present-day Solomon Islands.
 1944  World War II: The Battle of Peleliu (in Palau), between US and Japanese forces, begins.
 1944  World War II: Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt meet in Quebec as part of the Octagon conference to discuss strategy.
 1945  A hurricane in South Florida and the Bahamas destroys 366 planes and 25 blimps at NAS Richmond
 1947  Typhoon Kathleen kills 1,077 people in the Kanto region of Japan.
 1948  The F-86 Sabre sets the world aircraft speed record, at 671 miles per hour (1,080 kilometres per hour).
1949  Konrad Adenauer becomes the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany.
 1950  Korean War: US forces land at Inchon.
 1952  The UN gives Eritrea to Ethiopia.
 1958  A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train runs through an open drawbridge at the Newark Bay, killing 58 people.
 1959  Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the US.
 1961  Hurricane Carla hits Texas.
 1962  Soviet ship Poltava heads towards Cuba, one of the events that lead to the Cuban Missile Crisis.
 1963  "Birmingham Sunday" when a bomb killed 4 black girls in a church in Birmingham, Alabama.
 1966  US President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to United States Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.
 1968  The Soviet Zond 5 spaceship is launched, becoming the first spacecraft to fly around the Moon and re-enter Earth's atmosphere.
1969  US ice breaker tanker SS Manhattan passes through the Northwest Passage, after four weeks.
 1972  Scandinavian Airlines System domestic flight from Gothenburg to Stockholm, Sweden, is hijacked and flown to Malmo Bulltofta Airport.
 1973  Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden becomes King.
 1975  The French department of Corse, on the island of Corsica, is divided in two, into Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.
 1981  Vanuatu joins the UN.
 1981  The Senate Judiciary Committee approves Sandra Day O'Connor to become a Justice on the United States Supreme Court, being the first female in such a role.
 1983  Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin resigns.
 1990  France announces it will send 4,000 troops to the Persian Gulf.
 1991  Bangladesh becomes a parliamentary democracy.
 1993  Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein disbands his country's parliament.
 1994  For the first time, a planet outside the Solar System is discovered.
 1997  New York City's Museum of Jewish Heritage opens.
From 2001 
 2007  Former world Rally champion Colin McRae dies in a helicopter crash in Lanarkshire, Scotland, along with his son and two family friends.
 2008  Lehman Brothers files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
 2011  A parliamentary election is held in Denmark, resulting in Helle Thorning-Schmidt becoming Prime Minister on October 3.
 2015  Malcolm Turnbull replaces Tony Abbott as Prime Minister of Australia.
 2015  Aksel V. Johannesen becomes Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands.
 2017  2017 Parsons Green bombing: An explosive device is detonated on a tube train near London's Parsons Green station, injuring 30 people.
 2017  The Cassini space probe's mission is ended, as it is plunged into Saturn's atmosphere.

Births
Up to 1800 
 1254  Marco Polo, Italian explorer (d. 1324)
 1533  Catherine of Austria, Queen Consort of Poland and Lithuania (d. 1572)
 1580  Charles Annibal Fabrot, French lawyer (d. 1659)
 1603  Tokugawa Yorifusa, Japanese daimyo (d. 1661)
 1613  François de la Rochefoucauld, French author (d. 1680)
 1649  Titus Oates, English priest (d. 1705)
 1666  Sophia Dorothea of Celle, German princess (d. 1726)
 1675  Vakhtang VI of Kartli, Georgian King (d. 1737)
 1676  Stanislaw Poniatowski, Polish politician (d. 1762)
 1690  Ignazio Prota, Italian composer and music educator (d. 1748)
 1715  Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French general and engineer (d. 1789)
 1736  Jean-Silvain Bailly, French politician and astronomer (d. 1793)
 1756  Carl Philipp Moritz, German writer (d. 1793)
 1760  Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien, Prussian general (d. 1824)
 1761  Cornelio Saavedra, Argentine politician (d. 1829)
 1765  Bocage, Portuguese poet (d. 1805)
1787  Guillaume-Henri Dufour, Swiss humanist, general, politician, mapmaker and engineer (d. 1875)
 1789  James Fenimore Cooper, American writer (d. 1851)
 1800  Paul-Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1842)
1801  1900 
 1808  John Hutton Balfour, Scottish botanist (d. 1884)
 1811  Charles de Mornay, French politician (d. 1865)
 1814  Ferdinand von Arnim, German architect (d. 1866)
 1815  Halfdan Kjerulf, Norwegian composer (d. 1868)
 1825  Iwakura Tomomi, Japanese statesman (d. 1883)
 1828  Alexander Butlerov, Russian chemist (d. 1886)
 1830  Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (d. 1915)
 1834  Heinrich von Treitschke, German historian and publicist (d. 1896)
 1852  Edward Bouchet, American physicist (d. 1918)
 1857  William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States (d. 1930)
 1858  Charles de Foucauld, French monk (d. 1916)
 1860  Visvesvaraya, Indian engineer, scholar and politician (d. 1962)
 1863  Horatio Parker, American composer (d. 1919)
 1875  Henry D. Hatfield, American politician, 14th Governor of West Virginia (d. 1962)
 1876  Bruno Walter, German conductor (d. 1962)
 1876  Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Bengali writer (d. 1938)
 1877  Jakob Ehrlich, Austrian politician and Zionist (d. 1938)
1877  Yente Serdatzky, Lithuanian-American author and playwright (d. 1962)
 1879  Joseph Lyons, 10th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1939)
 1881  Ettore Bugatti, Italian automobile engineer and designer (d. 1947)
 1883  Esteban Teradas i Illa, Spanish mathematician and engineer (d. 1950)
 1886  Paul Lévy, French mathematician (d. 1971)
 1887  Carlos Dávila, President of Chile (d. 1955)
 1888  Antonio Ascari, Italian racing driver (d. 1925)
 1889  Robert Benchley, American writer (d. 1945)
 1890  Agatha Christie, English writer (d. 1976)
 1894  Jean Renoir, French movie director (d. 1979)
 1895  Magda Lupescu, consort of King Carol II of Romania (d. 1977)