Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
This table lists the 101 departments of France in descending order of population, area and population density.

Evolution
Between 1999 and 2006 all French departments have grown in population with the exception of the following seven departments: Allier and Cantal in Auvergne, Creuse in Limousin, Ardennes and Haute-Marne in Champagne-Ardenne, Nièvre in Burgundy, and Vosges in Lorraine.

In contrast the seven departments that have gained the most population in absolute value are Haute-Garonne, Gironde, Bouches-du-Rhône, Seine-Saint-Denis, Loire-Atlantique, Hauts-de Seine, and Hérault.

Guadeloupe has seemingly lost population between 1999 and 2008. However, this diminution of the legal population is due to the creation of the overseas communities of Saint Barthélemy and Saint-Martin.

List of departments by population

References

France-related lists
Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters is a 2013 fantasy adventure film directed by Thor Freudenthal from a screenplay Marc Guggenheim, based on the 2006 novel The Sea of Monsters by Rick Riordan. The sequel to Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief (2010), it is the second and final installment in the Percy Jackson film series.

Plot
After Thaila's pine tree is poisoned Percy Jackson along with Annabeth Chase, Grover Underwood and his Cyclops half-brother Tyson go off to find the golden fleece to heal it. But Luke Castellan also wants the fleece to resurrect Kronos.

Cast
Cast

Demigods
 Logan Lerman as Percy Jackson, son of Poseidon.
 Alexandra Daddario as Annabeth Chase, daughter of Athena, and Percy's secret crush.
 Alisha Newton portrays a younger Annabeth.
 Douglas Smith as Tyson, Percy's Cyclops half-brother.
 Leven Rambin as Clarisse La Rue, daughter of Ares.
 Brandon T. Jackson as Grover Underwood, a satyr and Percy's best friend and protector.
 Bjorn Yearwood portrays a younger Grover.
 Jake Abel as Luke Castellan, son of Hermes and the main antagonist.
 Samuel Braun portrays a younger Luke.
 Paloma Kwiatkowski as Thalia Grace, daughter of Zeus.
 Katelyn Mager portrays a younger Thalia.
 Grey Damon as Chris Rodriguez, a rogue demigod of unknown parentage who joins Luke on his quest to resurrect Kronos.
Gods
 Stanley Tucci as Mr. D / Dionysus, the god of wine, celebrations, ecstasy, and theatre and director of Camp Half-Blood. He was previously played by Luke Camilleri in the first film.
 Nathan Fillion as Hermes, Luke's father; the god of trade, thieves, travelers, sports, athletes, and messenger of the gods of Mount Olympus. He was previously played by Dylan Neal in the first film.
 Octavia Spencer and Craig Robinson as the voices of Martha and George respectively, the snakes in Hermes' caduceus.
 Robert Knepper as the voice of Kronos, the King of the Titans, father of Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hestia, Demeter, Hera and Chiron, and Luke's master.
Other characters
 Anthony Head as Chiron, the activities director at Camp Half-Blood. Chiron is a centaur and the immortal son of Kronos and brother of Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, Hestia and Hera. Chiron was previously played by Pierce Brosnan in The Lightning Thief.
 Robert Maillet as Polyphemus
 Ron Perlman as the voice of Polyphemus
 Hunter Platin as Guard, the Cyclops that guards the Golden Fleece.
 Shohreh Aghdashloo as the voice of Oracle of Delphi
 Missi Pyle, Yvette Nicole Brown and Mary Birdsong as the Graeae
 Jordan Weller as Ichneutae, the acolyte of Clarisse.
 Derek Mears and Aleks Paunovic as Cyclopes.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

2013 movies
Movies based on books
Percy Jackson and the Olympians
English-language movies
Movies about giants
The Avro Shackleton is a four-engine British military aircraft. Its first flight was in March 1949. The Royal Air Force started using it in 1951. It was out of service from 1991. It was also used by the South African Air Force. It was originally designed and built as an ocean and sea reconnaissance aircraft. It was also used as an electronic warfare plane. There were 185 of these built.

Royal Air Force aircraft
Ponthieu is a former province in northern France. Its chief town is Abbeville. It lies centered on the mouth of the Somme River. It includes the townships of Crecy-en-Ponthieu, Nouvion-en-Ponthieu and Ailly-le-Haut-Bell.

History

Norman conquest of England 

Ponthieu played a small role in the events that led up to the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Harold Godwinson of England was blown ashore at Ponthieu in 1064. He was taken captive by the men of Guy I and held for ransom at the castle of Beaurain. Thinking Harold might be useful to him William II, Duke of Normandy, secured his release. William escorted him to Rouen and gave him many gifts. 
william then had Harold take 'many oaths' to support his claim to the English throne and to become William's vassal. But a year after Harold's return to England when king Edward the Confessor died, Harold quickly forgot his oaths and took the crown for himself. That same year Harold was killed at Battle of Hastings and William became King of England.
In 1067 the chaplain of Matilda of Flanders, Guy, Bishop of Amiens, composed Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, a Latin poem on the battle of Hastings.

In 1150 the Count of Ponthieu built a fortress for himself at Crotoy, a strategic point on the mouth of the river Somme.

The Hundred Years' War 

During the Hundred Years' War, Ponthieu changed hands a number of times.  The English claimed control of it from 1279–1369 and again until 1435. During English control of Ponthieu, Abbeville was used as the capital.

In late August 1346 Edward III of England reached the region of Ponthieu.  While he was there rebuilt the fortress at Crotoy.  He forced a passage of the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque.  The army led by Philip VI of France caught up with him at nearby Crécy-en-Ponthieu, leading to the famous Battle of Crécy.
In 1360, the Treaty of Bretigny between King John II of France and Edward III of England gave control of Ponthieu (along with Gascony and Calais) over to the English, in exchange for Edward relinquishing his claim to the French throne.  Edward took the land but still refused to surrender his claim.

In April, 1369 Charles V of France conquered Ponthieu. A month later he declared war on England.  As a result, Edward publicly reassumed the title 'King of France' in June.

In 1372 an English army under the leadership of Robert Knolles invaded Ponthieu. They burned the city of Le Crotoy before crossing the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque.

In the Treaty of Arras (1435), Charles VII of France convinced Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to break his alliance with the English. In exchange he gave him Ponthieu. This marked a turning point that led to the end of England's part in the conflict 40 years later.

In 1477 Ponthieu was reconquered by King Louis XI of France.
In World War I between 1 July and 18 November 1916 the Battle of the Somme was fought in Ponthieu. It was one of the most costly battles ever fought with over 1,000,000 men killed or wounded.

Notes

References

Subdivisions of France
History of France
Provinces
The Antonov An-22 (Ukrainian: Антонов Ан-22; NATO reporting name: Cock) is a Ukrainian cargo aircraft. It was used both by civilian and military operators.  It's first flight was in 1965. The Soviet airline Aeroflot started using it in 1967. For military duties it was replaced by the An-124.

Soviet & Russian aircraft
Civil aircraft
Soviet military aircraft
The Hawker Tempest is a British fighter aircraft of World War II. It was also used as an attack aircraft. The Royal Air Force used it for rockets and bomb attacks for D-Day.

Royal Air Force aircraft
World War II British aircraft
Tempest
Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat is a French 1896 short black & white movie directed by Auguste Lumière and Louis Lumière. It is thought to be one of the first movies ever made. The short movie is simply about a train arriving to a station. It is about a minute long.

Other websites
   

1896 movies
Short movies
French movies
John Graves (August 6, 1920 – July 30, 2013) was an American writer. He was best known for his book Goodbye to a River.                      

Graves was born on August 6, 1920 in Fort Worth, Texas. He studied at Rice Institute and at Columbia University. Graves was divorced from an early marriage. His family moved to Glen Rose, Texas. Graves continued writing shortly before his death on July 30, 2013 in Glen Rose, Texas from natural causes, aged 92.

References

1920 births
2013 deaths
Writers from Fort Worth, Texas
The Dassault Étendard IV is a French fighter jet. It is a single-turbojet aircraft. Its first flight was in 1958. It was first used by the French Navy's squadrons in 1962. It was used in the French aircraft carriers Clemenceau and Foch. The last one was retired in 2000. The Super-Étendard is a modernized variant.

French military aircraft
Etendard
A squadron is a military unit on land, at sea and in the air.

Armies: 80 to 600 soldiers with tanks, motorcycles, horses or armoured cars.

Navies: A number of destroyers, submarines, minesweepers or other warships. 

Air forces. This usually includes several aircraft and pilots, crews and mechanics responsible for their action.

Military organizations
The McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle is a modernized variant of the F-15 Eagle. It was optimized as an attack aircraft for the US Air Force with a stronger airframe than earlier versions. It has longer range, more powerful radar, and a second seat for the operator of the strike aircraft equipment. Foreign operators are Israel, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and South Korea.

Operators

Israeli Air Force - 25 F-15I "Ra'am" aircraft in use as of January 2014

 
Republic of Korea Air Force - 58 F-15Ks in service in January 2014.  It ordered a combined 61 F-15K "Slam Eagle" fighters including one lost in an accident.  

Royal Saudi Air Force - 70 F-15S Eagles in service as of January 2014

Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) - 24 F-15SGs in use as of January 2014.  It ordered 24 F-15SG fighters.  

United States Air Force - 213 F-15Es in operation as of January 2014

United States Air Force aircraft
The Douglas A-4 Skyhawk is an American military jet aircraft. Its first flight was in 1954. It was first used by the US Navy in 1956. The Skyhawk was one of the main attack aircraft of the Vietnam War.

Many foreign countries used it, such as Argentina, Israel, Kuwait, and Singapore. The Argentina Air Force used theirs in the Falklands War for attacks against British forces.

United States Navy aircraft
United States Marine Corps aircraft
Vietnam War aircraft
Israel Defense Forces
A-4
The Douglas A-3 Skywarrior is an American twin-turbojet military aircraft. Its first flight was in 1952. It was first used in 1956. It was originally designed and built as an attack aircraft. Later it was optimized for aerial refueling and electronic warfare as KA-3 and EA-3. The US Navy used it from aircraft carriers for the Vietnam War. The B-66 Destroyer is a variant built for the US Air Force. The Douglas A-3 Skywarrior has been out of service since 1991.

United States Navy aircraft
A-3
Vietnam War aircraft
The Douglas B-66 Destroyer is an American strategic bomber. It was used by the US Air Force during the Cold War and the Vietnam War. It could carry a nuclear weapon. It is a variant of the A-3 Skywarrior. It was used between 1956 and 1975. Some variants were built as reconnaissance aircraft or electronic warfare, as RB-66 and EB-66.

References

United States Air Force aircraft
B-66
Vietnam War aircraft
The Dassault Super-Étendard is a French single-turbojet military aircraft. It is a fighter and attack aircraft. The French Navy started using it in 1978. In 2013, it is the second most important combat aircraft (after the Dassault Rafale). From 1995, all Dassault Super-Étendard of the French Navy are modernized as SEM or Super-Étendard Modernisés. It can carry many kinds of weapons like Exocet's missile, laser-guided bombs and a nuclear missile ASMP.

Foreign operators of this aircraft are Argentina and Iraq. Argentina used it in the Falklands War, destroying the British destroyer HMS Sheffield.

The Dassault Super-Étendard is a modernized variant of the Dassault Étendard IV.

Super Etendard
French military aircraft
Abbeville  is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Location
Abbeville is on the Somme River,  from its modern mouth in the English Channel. Most of the town is on the east bank of the Somme, as well as on an island.  It is at the start of the Abbeville Canal, and is  northwest of Amiens. In the medieval period, it was the lowest crossing point on the Somme. Edward III's army crossed nearby shortly before the Battle of Crécy in 1346.

Administration

Abbeville was the capital of the former province of France of Ponthieu. Today, it is one of the three subprefectures of the Somme department.

Etymology
The Romans occupied it and named it Abbatis Villa.
Prehistory
The name Abbeville has been adopted to name a category of paleolithic stone tools. These stone tools are also known as handaxes. Various handaxes were found near Abbeville by Jacques Boucher de Perthes during the 1830s. He was the first to describe the stones in detail. He pointed out in the first publication of its kind, that the stones were chipped deliberately by early man, so as to form a tool. These stone tools which are some of the earliest found in Europe, were chipped on both sides so as to form a sharp edge, were known as 'Abbevillian' handaxes or bifaces, but recently the term 'abevillian' is becoming obsolete as the earlier form of stone tool, not found in Europe, is known as the Oldowan chopper. Some of these artifacts are displayed at the museum Boucher-de-Perthes.
A more refined form from a later period of handaxe production was found in the Abbeville/Somme River district. The more refined handaxe became known as the Acheulean industry, named after Saint-Acheul, today a suburb of Amiens. It retained some importance into the Bronze Age.

History
Abbeville during the ninth century was part of the diocese of Saint-Riquier. It was also an important fortress responsible for the defense of the Somme. Abbeville had a charter granted to it in 1184. Afterwards it was governed by the Counts of Ponthieu. Together with that county, it came into the possession of the Alençon and other French families. Afterwards it came into the possession of the House of Castile. By marriage it passed in 1272 to King Edward I of England.  In 1435, by the treaty of Arras, it was ceded to the Duke of Burgundy. In 1477 it was taken control of by King Louis XI of France,. Later it was held by two illegitimate branches of the royal family in the 16th and 17th centuries, being in 1696 returned to the crown. In 1514, the town was the place where the marriage of Louis XII of France to Mary Tudor took place. She was the daughter of Henry VII of England. In 1685, it suffered a serious economic when the Edict of Nantes was repealed
. The Protestants who were the majority of the skilled labor, left town. The town never fully recovered from the loss of their talents.
Abbeville was fairly important in the 18th century. Van Robais Royal Manufacture (one of the first major factories in France) brought great prosperity to the town.  Voltaire, among others, wrote about it.

Abbeville was the birthplace of Rear Admiral Amédée Courbet (1827–85). His victories on land and at sea made him a national hero during the Sino-French War (August 1884 to April 1885). Courbet died in June 1885 in the Pescadores Islands. His body was brought back to France and buried in Abbeville on 1 September 1885 after a state funeral.  Abbeville's old Haymarket Square (Place du Marché-au-Blé) was renamed Place de l'Amiral Courbet in July 1885. This was shortly after the news of Courbet's death reached France. A statue of Courbet was erected in the middle of the square at the end of the nineteenth century.  The statue was damaged in a bombing raid during World War II.
On 12 September 1939 in Abbeville a conference took place. There France and the United Kingdom decided it was  too late to send troops to help Poland in its fight against Germany. By this time Poland was already on the verge of defeat. After five years—in September 1944—Abbeville was liberated by the Polish First Armoured Division under General Maczek.

The Blitzkrieg

In 1940, the Germans with the bulk of their armoured force in Panzer Group von Kleist achieved a breakthrough at Sedan with air support. The Panzer group raced to the coast of the English Channel at Abbeville. This isolated (20 May 1940) the British Expeditionary Force, Belgian Army, and some divisions of the French Army in northern France. The Battle of France was lost by the Allies.
Charles de Gaulle (17–18 May 1940), as a Colonel in this period, launched a counterattack in the region of Laon (see the map). He had 80 tanks to  destroy the communication of the German armoured troops. His newly formed 4e Division cuirassée reached Montcornet, resulting in the Battle of Montcornet. But, without support,  the 4th DCR was forced  to retreat. There was another counterattack with the Battle of Abbeville. After Laon (24 May), de Gaulle was promoted to temporary general: "On 28 May (...) the 4th DCR attacked twice to destroy a pocket captured by the enemy south of the Somme near Abbeville. The operation was successful, with over 400 prisoners taken and the entire pocket mopped up except for Abbeville (...) but in the second attack the 4th DCR failed to gain control of the city in the face of superior enemy numbers."  WWII was not kind to the buildings of the town as the  famous 17th century Gothic Cathedral of St. Vulfran was nearly destroyed.
Economy
Abbeville manufactures textiles; in particular, linens and tablecloths. It also has cordage|cordage factories and spinning mills. Finally, it also makes locks and produces sugar.

Historical population
1901: 18,519
1906: 18,971
1990: 23,787
2006: 24,829

Sights
The city was very picturesque until the early days of the World War II. It was bombed mostly to rubble in one night by the Germans. The town overall is now mostly modern and rebuilt. Several of the town's attractions remain, including:
St. Vulfran's church, erected in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. The original design was not completed. The nave has only two bays and the choir is insignificant. The façade is an outstanding example of the flamboyant Gothic style, flanked by two Gothic towers.
 The Boucher de Perthes Museum, in the now unused bell tower. It is a tribute to Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes who also has a French public secondary school named after him. The museum features art work and other artefacts from the 16th century onwards, and other exhibitions that change every few months.
 A monument aux morts (to the dead) with sculptural work by Louis-Henri Leclabart. A montage of photographs of this monument is shown below.

Transport

Abbeville is served by trains on the line between Boulogne-sur-Mer and Amiens.  Abbeville was the southern terminus of the Réseau des Bains de Mer, the line to Dompierre-sur-Authie opened on 19 June 1892 and closed on 10 March 1947.

Notes

References
Notes

References 

Communes in Somme
Subprefectures in France
The AM-39 Exocet is an anti-ship missile. It is designed and built in France by Aérospatiale. It can be used from a fighter aircraft, a warship or a submarine. It was used by Argentina against the Royal Navy's HMS Sheffield.

Missiles
Military of France
The Véhicule Blindé Léger or VBL (light armoured vehicle) is a four-wheel drive reconnaissance light military vehicle. It has been used by the French army since 1990. More than 25 foreign countries used it, including Gabon, Qatar, and Serbia. The US Army used it as M11 for hazardous material reconnaissance. Russia bought 500 of them in November 2012.

The vehicle is designed and built in France by Panhard.

Military of France
Military transport
Subway Surfers is a game where the player makes their character run until they lose. The game theme has been based on a world tour since the year 2013. The game is available on the iOS, Android and Windows phone operating systems. Subway Surfers claims to be the fourth most downloaded game of all time.

References

Other websites 
 Subway Surfers official site 
 Subway Surfers official game developers' studio

2012 video games
3D platform games
Mobile games
The Geographical Names Board of New South Wales is the official organization that records details of  places and geographical names in  New South Wales, Australia. It was set up in 1966. The Board has nine members.

Members of the Board 
Four of the members (or someone who represents them) are: :
the Surveyor General of New South Wales who is also Chairman of the Board,
the Director General of the Department of Planning and Infrastructure,
the State Librarian, and
an officer of the Land and Property Information division, selected by the Director General of the  Department of Finance and Services
The other members are selected by:
the Local Government and Shires Association of New South Wales,
the Royal Australian Historical Society,
the Geographical Society of New South Wales, 
the New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council, and 
the Chairperson of the Community Relations Commission.
Activities
The Geographical Names Act, 1966, gives the Board the right to name places, and to find out and decide on the form, spelling, meaning, pronunciation, origin and history of any geographical name. It also decides where and how the name can be used.

A place is any geographical or topographical feature or any district, division, locality, region, city, town, village, settlement or railway station or any other place within the territories and waters of the State of New South Wales.  It does not include roads, any local government areas, urban areas, counties or districts under the Local Government Act, electoral districts, subdivisions, or schools.
The Board has the power to keep and promote Aboriginal languages and acknowledge Aboriginal culture through place naming in NSW. The Board does this by using traditional Aboriginal place names or names with Aboriginal origin wherever it can. The Board can give traditional Aboriginal names to features that have been given introduced names through its dual naming policy.

The Board's policy is the same as the U.S. Board of Geographical Names, which removes possessive names from all place names in NSW. Roads called Smith's Road are changed to Smiths Road or Smith Road.

Other countries 
 Geographical Names Board of Canada
 United States Board on Geographic Names

Related pages 
 List of cities in Australia
 UNGEGN

References

Other websites 
 The Board's website
 Search for a place name 

Geography of New South Wales
Candy Crush Saga is a video game that was developed by King in April 2012. As of March 2013, Candy Crush Saga is the most popular game on Facebook. It has 45.6 million average monthly users.

How to play
The aim of the game is to make matches of three or more candies vertically or horizontally. Depending on the type of level, the player must earn as much points as they can, or they must clear all the jelly, or they must allow ingredients to come to the bottom of the screen. Players can create striped candy by matching four candy in the same direction, wrapped candy if matching five candy in the shape of a T or L, or a color bomb if matching five candy in the same direction. If the player loses a level, they will lose lives. If they lose all their lives, the lives will need to recharge by time.

Review
Some players love this game because they can spend a lot of time by playing it.
However, some people who hate this game think that it reduces the productivity of society. They are also worried that Candy Crush Saga makes children get addicted very easily.

Metacritic rated Candy Crush Saga as 76 out of 100.

In real life 
This game appeared in Psy's music video Gentleman.

In Hong Kong, a minibus driver played Candy Crush Saga while he was in a traffic jam.

In Taiwan, a bakery provides cakes whose theme is Candy Crush Saga.

References

Other websites 

 Candy Crush Saga in Facebook
 Candy Crush Saga in Google Play Store

2012 video games
Rare is a video game developer. Their headquarters is in England. In 2002, Microsoft bought Rare with a price of 3.75 billion. Former employees of Rare have established their own companies, including Free Radical Design, renowned for creating the TimeSplitters series, and Playtonic Games, known for Yooka-Laylee (2017).

References

Other websites 
 Official website

Video game companies of the United Kingdom
Companies of England
Emperor Takakura (20 September 1161 – 30 January 1181) was the 80th Emperor of Japan. He was the emperor before Emperor Antoku. Towards the end of his reign, he summoned a champion. A ruling clan, the Taira clan, showed their power by announcing their one year old son as Emperor. He was then renamed Emperor Antoku. He was not the only emperor at the time for Emperor Takakura was still Emperor. However he was given all the same privileges and power. He was there in case Emperor Takakura died, then there would straight away be another emperor in his place.

Emperors of Japan
1161 births
1181 deaths
Lagan  is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

References

Other websites

Rivers of Sweden
Nissan  is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

References

Other websites

Rivers of Sweden
Viskan  is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

References

Other websites

Rivers of Sweden
Ätran is a river in the historical province of Halland in southern Sweden.

References

Other websites

Atran
Vaggeryd is a locality in Vaggeryd Municipality in Jönköping County, Sweden. Together with Skillingaryd, it is the seat of the municipality.

References

Other websites

Settlements in Jonkoping County
Malung is a locality, and the seat of Malung-Sälen Municipality, in Dalarna County, Sweden.

References 

Settlements in Dalarna County
Gislaved is a locality, and the seat of Gislaved Municipality, in Jönköping County, Sweden.

References 

Settlements in Jonkoping County
Bad Piggies is a puzzle video game. It is developed by Rovio Entertainment. Players have to help the green pigs to steal the egg of the Angry Birds, a game that's also developed by Rovio. Being a spin-off of Angry Birds, the players control the pigs instead of the birds. It was last updated on the Play Store on August 24, 2018. The App Store version was last updated on February 1, 2020.

Gameplay 
Each level has a different mission. Players have to build a transport for the Freckled Pig.

As you proceed through the game, new materials can be unlocked, for example: At the beginning of the game you only receive wooden blocks and wheels that control the Freckled Piggy, but later, maybe in level 25 of Groundhog Day, you already unlocked certain types of engines or new wheels.

Like Angry Birds, you can achieve 3 stars but unlike the original game, there is no score. You achieve stars by doing a mission or at least one for getting the piggy to the finish line

References
References

Other websites 
Official website of Rovio
Official website of Bad Piggies 

Puzzle video games
Fictional pigs
The Moscow Automobile Ring Road (), or MKAD (МКАД), is a famous road around Moscow, Russia. The road was opened in 1961 as the third ring road around Moscow.

Other websites  

 The MKAD on Google Maps.
 A view of the MKAD from a pedestrian bridge.
 A view of the MKAD from a helicopter.

Roads in Russia
Trans-Siberian Highway is a highway system in Russia. It goes from St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.

Other websites  
 National Geographic story about the Trans-Siberian Highway

Roads in Russia
Saint Petersburg Ring Road  () is a ring road around Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Roads in Russia
Galvanic isolation means separating two electrical structure from each other. One way to do it is to use a relay, another way to do it is to use an opto-isolator. Also transformer makes galvanic isolation.

Electronics
An opto-isolator is an electronic component that can be used for galvanic isolation. It uses light for separating two circuits from each other.

Electronic components
Värnamo is a locality, and the seat of Värnamo Municipality, in Jönköping County, Sweden.

References 

Settlements in Jonkoping County
An electrical insulator is a material that does not easily allow flow of electricity through an electric current. Materials typically used to insulate include rubber, plastic and glass. In transformers and electric motors, varnish is used. Insulating gases such as Sulfur hexafluoride are used in some switches. Wires that carry electric currents are usually insulated so the electricity goes to the right place.

Insulator can mean not only the material but things that are made of that material. They are made of various materials such as: glass, silicone, rubber, plastic, oil, wood, dry cotton, quartz, ceramic, etc.  

The type of insulator will depend on the uses. Insulators have high electrical resistivity and low conductivity. The insulators prevent the loss of current and make the current more efficient by concentrating the flow.

Insulator devices 
Electric power transmission uses three types of overhead insulator: pin insulator, suspension insulator, and strain insulator.
The pin insulator  is the earliest developed insulator. Pin type insulators can have up to three parts, depending on the amount of voltage. 

 The suspension insulator is for voltages above 33KV.  Multiple insulators are connected in series.  

 The strain insulator is the same as a suspension insulator but it is used horizontally, whereas the suspension insulator is used vertically. The strain insulator is used to relieve the line of excessive tension, which happens when there is dead end of the line or sharp curve.

References

Electricity
Electronics
Sung Jae-ki (; 成在基, 11 September 1967 – 26 July 2013) was a South Korean human- and civil-rights activists, Liberalism thinkers. From 2008 to 2013, he was the first leader of 'Man of Korea' (), a men's rights and men's liberalism civic group. he was abolition activity of ministry of woman. He was early leaders of South Korean Men's liberation movements, In 1999 to 2013, he actively participated in liberalism movement, gender liberation movement, anti-feminist movement until his death.

he was devoted to male liberation and male right advocacy. also he was Men's shelter and Crime victims male rescue activities. In 2013, himself off under Mapo Bridge. because his debt for $200 million. nickname was Shimheon(심헌 審軒) and Shimheon(심헌 心軒), 'Chungjuk(청죽 靑竹), Chinise name was Imsung(임성 臨聖).  penname was Bluewolf(푸른 늑대 靑狼), Tongbalbass(똥발바쓰), Tongball(똥발).
Life 
Sung was born Hyomokdong in Daegu. he was studying Daeryun middle school, Daeryun high school and Yeungnam University(1985-1993). In  1987 until 1990, he served in the army, 11th Infantry Division, at Dongsong town, cheolwon in Province Gangwon. In his early years, he was a business man. after 2000 to November 2006, he was Operate Thomas MacFly consulting & headhunting company(토마스 맥플라이 컨설팅 & 헤드헌팅), in Daegu and Busan, Seoul.

In 1990s, he was to Controversy, Oppositions of South Korean feminists, feminist movements. In 1999 to 2013, he was take part activity of anti-feminism movement and masculinity movement, libertarian movements. In October until December 1999, he was joint to the movement against to abolition of hojuje(호주제 폐지). hojuje was setting is one representative of the family was this family's one husband or fathers.

In 2001, he joined the human- and civil-rights movements. On 26 December 2006 he joined the anti-feminism men's liberation club. In 2008, he joined a men's rights movement club.
In 2008, more civic groups, feminists of South Koreas were against for two children's custody of Seong-Min Cho, Divorced famouse baseball player of South Korea. reason was violence of Cho's. Sung was only Advocacy to Seong-Min Cho, Sung was said Cho was two child's father and only living parents.

In 2001 to 2013 Sung Jae-ki was abolition activity of ministry of woman. he was a leader of Men's Association, a human right group, 2008 to 2013. He argued for the abolition of the Ministry of Woman (Ministry of Gender Equality). He also argued for men's rights, sexual liberal, mens liberations. but that during his debt for $200 million. He was his life was devoted entirely to the movement of liberation movements liberalism Gender and Korean, and made it possible to introduce improvements on all male rights,  offer of male shelter and Protective Facility. but criticism and prejudice Along with debt, in marked the biggest setback.
In 2011 he was opened to temporary accommodation at Yengdeungpo and Samsung-Dong at Gangnam, Victims Men of Domestic Violence. it's burden of expenses is personal expense. also his temporary accommodation of Victims Men of Domestic Violence was accept to gay, male transgenders. some South Korean Gay and transgenders was kicked out of there house.

In 2011 - 2013 he was given protection of Crime Victims Male, Youth Runaway and street children. also accept of Homeless, gay, transgender. his life was devoted entirely to sexual Liberation Movement and liberalism Movement of Korean. he was support to possible improvements in Male human rights and offer of shelter and refuge of male.

in 2013, he was in debt collectors. July 26, he was jumping suicide of bridge railing for han river. that he was the last said, "Male is a human!(남자도 사람이다.)" 3days later, his body was found at Mapo Bridge, in Seoul. burial was Gyongsan park cemetery.

Related pages 
 Man of Korea
 Han Seung-oh
 Han Chi-hwan
Sources 
 Kim Yong-suk: The Ddanji December, 2012. The ddanji group, 2012

Site link 
 Activist's 'suicide' causes huge stir Koreatimes 2013.07.26
 
 MHRA Sung Jae-gi dead A-Voice of Man

Other websites 
 남성연대 
 Sung Jae-ki twitter 
 '이기적 여성들'에 일침…성재기, 대체 누굴까? 
 '성매매 안하면 현금준다?' 캠페인 논란 
 그는 왜 여성부 폐지에 '목숨'을 걸었나? 머니투데이 2012.01.04 
 Suicide performance and journalist ethics News Dongah 
 Grabación de un suicidio en Corea del Sur abre el debate sobre la ética de los medios de comunicación 
 Activista Sung Jae-ki se suicidó frente a las cámaras de televisión 

1967 births
2013 deaths
Anti-communists
South Korean autobiographers
South Korean businesspeople
Civil rights activists
South Korean human rights activists
philosophers
South Korean politicians
liberalism
Suicides by drowning
The Yakovlev Yak-38 is a Soviet military single-turbojet aircraft. It was designed and built as a fighter aircraft. It was also used as attack aircraft. The Soviet Navy was the only operator. The aircraft is a vertical take-off & landing aircraft. It was retired from service in 1993. NATO called it Forger.

Similar aircraft 
 BAe Harrier

Soviet military aircraft
A dipole speaker is a type of a loudspeaker. The sound typically only comes out of the front and back. Dipole spekers do not usually produce very low frequencies because the structure loses audiodynamics the lower the frequency is. With audio crossover is possible to correct frequency response, but there are still limits. This problem can be solved by using a subwoofer.

Audio technology
Sommarkrysset is a Swedish television program. It is broadcast live from the Gröna Lund amusement park in Stockholm during summer. It was first shown on 3 June 2005.

References

Other websites 
 
 
 

Music media
Djurgården
Television programs
Askola is a municipality in southern Finland. Almost 5,000 people lived there 2013. There are famous giant's kettles in Askola, called Askolan Hiidenkirnut. Askola's neighbouring municipalities are Myrskylä, Mäntsälä, Pornainen, Porvoo and Pukkila.

Farming has been important in Askola for a long time.

Population growth

References

Other websites

Municipalities of Uusimaa
Bingolotto is a Swedish game show. It was established in 1988 as a lottery. It was originally broadcasted over local Gothenburg TV on 16 January 1989. It aired on TV4 for first time on 19 October 1991. The popularity peaked in the 1990s.

References

Other websites 
 
 

Swedish television
Television game shows
Nordman is a Swedish ethnopop group. They were especially popular in the 1990s.

Discography

Albums 

1994 – Nordman
1995 – Ingenmansland 
1997 – Här och nu 
2001 – Nordmans bästa – I vandrarens spår
2004 – Bästa
2005 – Anno 2005
2008 – Pärlor '
2008 – Djävul eller Gud 
2010 – Korsväg

Singles 

1994 – Förlist
1994 – Vandraren
1994 – Laglöst land
1995 – Ännu glöder solen
1995 – Be mig
1996 – På mossen
1996 – Det sista du ser
1996 – Live-singel
1997 – Se dig själv
1998 – Hjälp mig att leva
2005 – Ödet var min väg
2005 – Allt eller ingenting
2007 – Livet som en värsting (Rastegar feat. Nordman)
2007 – Du behöver
2008 – I lågornas sken
2008 – Hon är redan här (radio single)
2009 – Om Gud var jag

Sources
 Discogs

Other websites

 Official Website in Swedish

Swedish musical groups
Charles III (17 September 879 – 7 October 929), called the Simple or the Straightforward (from the Latin Carolus Simplex), was the King of the Franks from 898 until 922 and the King of Lotharingia from 911 until 919–23. He was a member of the Carolingian dynasty.

Early life
Charles was the third and posthumous son of Louis the Stammerer by his second wife, Adelaide of Paris. As a child, Charles was not allowed to become king in 884 when his half-brother Carloman died. The Frankish nobles instead asked his cousin, Charles the Fat, to rule over them. King Charles the Fat was not a good king so he was removed (deposed) in November 887. He died soon after in January 888. The nobility elected Odo, the hero of the Siege of Paris as their king. Charles Simplex was put under the protection of Ranulf II of Aquitaine who used the royal title himself until making peace with Odo.
King of Western Francia
In 893 Charles was finally crowned by part of the nobility who were opposed to Odo. He was crowned at Reims Cathedral but was not fully accepted as king until Odo died in 898.

In 911, a group of Vikings lead by Rollo besieged Paris and Chartres. After a victory near Chartres on 26 August, Charles decided to negotiate with Rollo. The talks were led by Hervé, the Archbishop of Reims. This resulted in the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, which granted Rollo and his soldiers all the land between the river Epte and the sea. It also granted him Brittany, "for his livelihood". At the time, Brittany was an independent land which France had not been able to conquer. In exchange, Rollo promised the king his loyalty and military assistance when needed. Also Rollo also agreed to be baptised and to marry Gisela, the king's daughter. The territory given Rollo is about the same as Upper Normandy. This would grow to become Normandy under Rollo's descendants.
Revolt of the nobles
Finally the nobles seized Charles in 920. They were tired of Charles' policies and his favoritism of count Hagano. 
But after negotiations by Archbishop Herveus of Reims the king was released.
In 922 the Frankish nobles revolted again led by Robert of Neustria. Robert was Odo's brother and was elected king by the rebels. Charles had to flee to Lotharingia. On 2 July 922, Charles lost his most faithful supporter, Herveus of Reims.  Charles returned with a Norman army in 923 but was defeated on 15 June near Soissons by Robert, who died in the battle. Charles was captured and imprisoned in a castle at Péronne under the guard of Herbert II of Vermandois. Charles' English wife Eadgifu and their son Louis fled to England. Robert's son-in-law Rudolph of Burgundy was elected to succeed him. In 925 the Lotharingia became part of the Kingdom of Germany. Charles died in prison on 7 October 929 and was buried at the nearby abbey of Saint-Fursy. His only son by Eadgifu would later be crowned in 936 as Louis IV of France.
Family
Charles married first, in May 907, Frederuna, daughter of Dietrich, Count in the Hamaland. Together they had six daughters:

 Ermentrude
 Frederuna
 Adelaide
 Gisela, wife of Rollo of Normandy 
 Rotrude 
 Hildegarde

In 919 Charles married secondly Eadgifu of Wessex. Together they had:

 Louis IV of France (10 September 920–10 September 954), who eventually succeeded to the throne of West Francia in 936

Charles also had several illegitimate childen:

 Arnulf
 Drogo
 Rorice († 976), Bishop of Laon
 Alpais, who married Erlebold, count of Lommegau

Notes

References

870s births
920s deaths
Kings and Queens of France
Carolingian dynasty
Jill Johnson (born 24 May 1973, Ängelholm, Sweden) is a country singer from Sweden. She participated for Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1998 with the song "Kärleken är", finishing 10th. She had a major hit in Sweden in 2003 with the Melodifestivalen song "Crazy in Love".

Several of her albums have chartered at Sverigetopplistan.

Discography

Albums
1996 - Sugartree
1998 - När hela världen ser på
2000 - Daughter of Eve
2001 - Good Girl
2003 - Discography 1996-2003
2004 - Roots and Wings
2005 - Being who you are
2005 - The Christmas In You
2007 - Music Row
2008 - Baby Blue Paper
2009 - Music Row II
2010 - The Well-Known And Some Other Favourite Stories
2010 - Baby Blue Paper Live
2011 - Flirting With Disaster
2011 - Välkommen jul
2012 - A Woman Can Change Her Mind
2013 - Duetterna
2014 - Livemusiken från Jills veranda

References

Sources
 Discogs

Other websites

Official website

1973 births
Living people
Swedish singers
Country musicians
Cheung Chau is an island of Hong Kong. It is a famous scenic spot of Hong Kong. Each year, the Cheung Chau Bun Festival is held there.

Cheung Chau is located between Lamma Island and Lantau Island.

Geography of Hong Kong
Islands of China
Freda' (Swedish for Friday) is a pop group from Gnosjö in Sweden. It was first active from 1983–1993. Singer and songwriter Uno Svenningsson had a solo career before the band was re-united in 2009. The group is named for "Friday" (the day of the week) because they won a rock band competition on a Friday. The group broke through in 1986 with the song "Vindarna". They received a Grammis award in 1988 and again in 1990.

Discography

Albums
Studio albums

Compilations

Singles
Charting at Sverigetopplistan

Others singles (Svensktoppen and Sverige Tracks)
1988: "I en annan del av världen"
1991: "Det saknas lite värme"
1993: "Så länge jag lever"

Other singles (non-charting)
1984: "Livsviktigt"
1984: "En människa"
1986: "Doktorn"
1986: "Ingen kan förklara"
1988: "Jag kan se dig"
1991: "Erika"
1993: "Alla behöver"
2009: "Bäste vän"
2010: "Gå aldrig ensam"
2010: "Det måste gå - 2010"

References

Other websites

Swedish pop music groups
Musical groups established in 1983
Cantonese Wikipedia is the Cantonese version of Wikipedia. It was created in 2006.

The Cantonese Wikipedia has over  articles.

Wikipedias
Websites established in 2006
The Yakovlev Yak-3 is a Soviet single-engine fighter aircraft. It was one of the main military aircraft used in USSR for World War II. The first flight was in 1941. It started being used in 1943. Some were used by French pilots of the Groupe Normandie-Niemen.
After the war, some were used in Poland and Yugoslavia. More than 4,800 were built.

World War II Soviet aircraft
Robert Curthose (–1134), sometimes styled Robert II or Robert III, was the Duke of Normandy from 1087 until 1106. He was also Count of Maine. His reign as Duke is noted for the conflicts he had with his brothers in England. This led to the dukedom of Normandy being reunited with crown of England.

Early career 

Robert was the eldest son of William the Conqueror, the first Norman king of England, and Matilda of Flanders. Robert was born . As a child he was betrothed to Margaret, the heiress of Maine.  But she died before they could be wed. Robert didn't marry until he was in his late forties.
Robert was brought up among William's men-at-arms. As a result, he became a skilled warrior. But unlike his father he expected to live a life of pleasure and luxury. In 1063, his father made him the count of Maine when he was contracted to marry Margaret. But Robert had no authority. The county was actually run by his father until 1069 when the county revolted and reverted to Hugh V of Maine. Still, he had been made his father's heir. Twice the barons had taken an oath of fealty to him as their future leader.

In 1077 Robert got into an argument with his father. He demanded to rule Normandy which he had on at least on occasion while William was in England. William was not able to reason with his son and Robert left angry. The next day Robert and his followers attempted to seize Rouen. The siege failed. After rebelling against his father all he could do was go into exile. 
Robert first went to Chateauneuf-en-Thymerais. He then fled to Flanders to the court of his uncle Robert I, Count of Flanders.
In the spring of 1080 Robert was back on good terms with his father. He again made Robert his heir for Normandy in the presences of his barons. Later that summer or early fall Robert went with his father to England. William placed Robert in charge of a large army to march north and deal with King Malcolm III of Scotland. Malcolm had been raiding the north of England while William was occupied in Normandy. When the two armies drew near each other, Malcolm did not want to fight. He again swore fealty to king William and gave hostages. Robert remained in England with his father until the end of 1081. Events in Maine caused William and Robert to return to Normandy. Fulk IV, Count of Anjou had been attacking in Maine again trying to get control away from Normandy. William and Robert led a great army into Maine to confront the Angevin count. Before the fighting could start, a cardinal and several monks stopped the battle. They called for a truce and after much negotiation one was agreed to
. The count of Anjou was to let Normandy have Maine, but Robert, as count of Maine, had to recognize Fulk IV as his overlord for Maine. When Queen Matilda died in 1083 Robert seemed to abandon his father. He and his mother had been very close.
Robert took as his close adviser Ranulf Flambard, who had been previously a close adviser to his father. Flambard later became an astute but much-disliked financial adviser to William Rufus until the latter's death in 1100.

In 1096, Robert left for the Holy Land on the First Crusade. At the time of his departure he was reportedly so poor that he often had to stay in bed for lack of clothes. In order to raise money for the crusade he mortgaged his duchy to his brother William for the sum of 10,000 marks.
In 1105, however, Robert's continual stirring of discord with his brother in England as well as civil disorder in Normandy itself prompted Henry to invade Normandy. Orderic reports on an incident at Easter 1105 when Robert was supposed to hear a sermon by the venerable Serlo, Bishop of Sées. Robert spent the night before sporting with harlots and jesters and while he lay in bed sleeping off his drunkenness his unworthy friends stole his clothes. He awoke to find himself naked and had to remain in bed and missed the sermon.

In 1106, Henry defeated Robert's army decisively at the Battle of Tinchebray and claimed Normandy as a possession of the English crown, a situation that endured for almost a century. Captured after the battle, Robert was imprisoned in Devizes Castle for twenty years before being moved to Cardiff.
In 1134, Robert died in Cardiff Castle in his early eighties. Robert Curthose, sometime Duke of Normandy, eldest son of the Conqueror, was buried in the abbey church of St. Peter in Gloucester. The exact place of his burial is difficult to establish – legend states that he requested to be buried before the High Altar. His effigy carved in bog oak, however, lies on a mortuary chest decorated with the attributed arms of the Nine Worthies (missing one – Joshua, and replaced with the arms of Edward the Confessor). The effigy dates from about 100 years after his death and the mortuary chest much later. The church subsequently has become Gloucester Cathedral.

Family

Robert married Sybilla of Conversano, daughter of Geoffrey of Brindisi, Count of Conversano (and a grandniece of Robert Guiscard, another Norman duke) on the way back from Crusade, one child:

 William Clito (1102—1128); he had no children.

Robert also had at least three illegitimate children:
Richard (1079 - May 1100) who died hunting in the New Forest in May 1100.
 William. (1077 - 5 December 1110) 
 An unnamed daughter who married Helias of Saint-Saens.

Notes

References

1050s births
1134 deaths
Dukes and duchesses of Normandy