Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
At first Riemann had no salary.  He depended on fees from the students.  After four years he was given a small salary.  In 1857 he became associate professor and in 1859 full professor, succeeding Dirichlet who had succeeded Gauss four years earlier.  Riemann suffered from bad health.  Overwork often resulted in periods of depression. There were many deaths in his family, but he worked very hard and made several discoveries that are now named after him.  He was becoming very famous.  On a visit to Berlin Borchardt, Kummer, Kronecker and Weierstraß - all very famous mathematicians - showered him with praise.  He went to Paris where he met Hermite who greatly admired him.  He was honoured by the Royal Society of London and the French Academy of Sciences.

He married and for a short time he was happy.  Then he became ill.  He suffered from pleurisy and made several visits to Italy for his health.  He died in Selasca on Lago Maggiore aged 39.

Related pages
Riemann sum
Riemann hypothesis
Riemann zeta function
References

1826 births
1866 deaths
Deaths from pleurisy
Infectious disease deaths in Italy
German number theorists
German geometers
Livius Andronicus (died between 207 and 200 BC) was a Greek author who is seen as the first Ancient Roman poet. He was probably an actor, and grew up in the Greek city Tarentum.  Scholars think he was captured as a prisoner of war and taken to Rome as a slave.  He was later freed, so they called him a freedman. His first language was Greek and scholars think he learned Latin after coming to Rome. His most famous work is the Odusia, a translation of the Odyssey into Latin.

References

280s BC births
200s BC deaths
Ancient Greek poets
The , also known as a "10-cm" gun, was a howitzer used by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA).

History and development
Type 91s began to be made in 1931.

Combat record
Type 91 howitzers were used in the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.

Related pages 
 Artillery of Japan
 List of field guns
 List of heavy mortars
 List of howitzers

References

Other websites

 Type 91 on Taki's Imperial Japanese Army page
 US Technical Manual E 30-480

Japanese weapons
Howitzers
The Regina Pats are a Canadian professional ice hockey team that began playing in 1917. They currently play in the Western Hockey League. They play their home games in Regina, Saskatchewan at the Brandt Centre. They are the oldest major junior hockey franchise in the world that has continuously operated from their original location and still uses the same name. Baseball player Nyjer Morgan played 7 games with the Pats in the 1999-2000 season and registered 2 goals and 20 penalty minutes.

References

Other websites
Official website

1917 establishments
Canadian Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in Saskatchewan
Western Hockey League
Regina, Saskatchewan
1910s establishments in Canada
The Saskatoon Blades are a Canadian professional junior ice hockey team that began playing in 1964. They play in the Western Hockey League. The Blades are the longest team to stay in the WHL in the 48-year history of the League.

They play their home games in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan at the 15,195 seat SaskTel Centre. They were originally founded in 1964 to be a part of the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League but transferred leagues when the Western Hockey League was founded in 1966. They have never won the Ed Chynoweth Cup.

References

Other websites
Official website

1964 establishments in Canada
Canadian Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in Saskatchewan
Western Hockey League
Saskatoon
The , also known as a "15-cm" gun, was a field gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). It

History
Type 4 was available to IJA forces after 1915.

Combat record
This artillery piece was used during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.  This gun was designed to be moved by horses; and it continued to be used until 1945.

Type 4s were used by the IJA on Saipan in World War II.

Related pages
 Artillery of Japan
 List of howitzers

References

Other websites

 Type 4 on Taki's Imperial Japanese Army page
 US Technical Manual E 30-480

Japanese weapons
Howitzers
The Swift Current Broncos are a Canadian professional ice hockey team that began playing in 1964. They currently play in the Western Hockey League. They play their home games in Swift Current, Saskatchewan at the Credit Union iPlex. The team moved to Lethbridge in 1974 and became the Lethbridge Broncos. The played 12 seasons in Lethbridge before moving back to Swift Current in 1986. On December 30, 1986, the team's bus crashed on the way to Regina and four players died. The four players had their jerseys retired and had a trophy named after them which is awarded to the league's Player of the Year. The team still wears a commemorative patch to remember them.

References

Other websites
Official website

1967 establishments in North America
Canadian Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in Saskatchewan
Western Hockey League
1960s establishments in Canada
A bass is a type of male singing voice and possesses the lowest vocal range of all voice types. According to The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, a bass is typically classified as having a range extending from around the second E below middle C to the E above middle C (i.e., E2–E4). Its tessitura, or comfortable range, is normally defined by the outermost lines of the bass clef.

References 

Vocal ranges
Opera terminology
H.M.S. Pinafore, or The Lass That Loved a Sailor  is a two-act operetta by Gilbert and Sullivan. It is the fourth of their fourteen operettas. It premiered on 25 May 1878 at the Opera Comique in London, England. It had 571 performances. The operetta became an international success, and had great influence on the development of musical theatre in Britain and America.

Roles 
 Sir Joseph Porter, First Lord of the Admiralty - baritone
 Captain Corcoran, captain of the Pinafore - baritone
 Ralph Rackstraw, a sailor - tenor
 Dick Deadeye, a sailor - bass-baritone
 Bill Bobstay, a sailor - baritone
 Bob Becket, a sailor - bass
 Josephine, the captain's daughter - soprano
 Hebe, Sir Joseph's cousin - mezzo-soprano
 Little Buttercup, a peddler woman - contralto
 Chorus of Sir Joseph's sisters, cousins, and aunts; sailors

Story

Act I
Story

Act I

The H.M.S. Pinafore lies at anchor off Portsmouth.  Little Buttercup comes on board to sell things to the sailors. She says that she has a secret.  Ralph Rackstraw says he loves Josephine. The Captain worries that his daughter will decline Sir Joseph's marriage proposal. She tells her father that she loves a sailor in his crew, but assures him that she will never reveal her love to him.

Sir Joseph comes on board with his sisters, cousins, and aunts.  He says he rose from humble beginnings to be "the ruler of the Queen's Navee", although he has no qualifications.  He then delivers a lesson in etiquette, telling the Captain that he must always say "if you please" after giving an order for "A British sailor is any man's equal".  He has composed a song to illustrate that point.
Ralph is delighted with Sir Joseph's views on equality. He decides to declare his love to Josephine. Dick Deadeye points out that "when people have to obey other people's orders, equality's out of the question".  Ralph is left alone on deck. Josephine enters, and Ralph confesses his love. She rejects his love and leaves. Ralph decides on suicide. He puts a pistol to his head. Josephine returns to say she loves him.  They make plans to leave that night to marry.  Dick Deadeye warns them against such a scheme. The joyous ship's company ignores him.

Act 2
Act 2 

Later that night, Captain Corcoran tells Buttercup that he would have returned her love long ago if they were not so far apart in social class. She warns him that a change is in store for him. Sir Joseph complains that Josephine has not yet agreed to marry him.  The Captain thinks she is probably dazzled by his "exalted rank". He suggests that Sir Joseph persuade her that "love levels all ranks".  If he does so, Josephine will surely accept his proposal.  Sir Joseph makes his argument to Josephine, but it only serves to strengthen her determination to marry Ralph.
Dick Deadeye tells the Captain of the lovers' plans to elope. The Captain confronts Ralph and Josephine as they try to leave the ship. The pair declare their love.  The furious Captain swears. Sir Joseph has heard this oath and is shocked. He orders the Captain confined to his cabin. Sir Joseph asks what provoked the Captain's outburst. Ralph replies that it was his declaration of love for Josephine. Sir Joseph is furious. He has Ralph taken to the ship's dungeon.
Little Buttercup now reveals her secret.  Many years ago, she had cared for two babies. One baby was of low birth, but the other was a wellborn babe.  She "mixed those children up"  the wellborn babe is Ralph and the Captain is the babe of low condition. Sir Joseph realises that Ralph should have been the Captain, and the Captain should have been Ralph.  He calls for both, and they enter wearing one another's uniforms. Sir Joseph's marriage with Josephine is now out of the question. He hands her to Ralph. Corcoran will marry Buttercup. Sir Joseph will marry Hebe. There is general rejoicing.

Impact
Impact 

Pinafore had great influence on the development of musical theatre.  According to theatre historian John Kenrick, Pinafore was an international sensation and reshaped the commercial theater in both England and the United States.  Historian John Bush Jones writes that Pinafore and the other [Gilbert and Sullivan] operas show that musical theatre can provide amusement yet address current issues and events. He writes that Pinafore was the first musical to bring together story, song words, and music into a balanced whole.  He adds that the show's popularity produced an American audience for musical theatre, and that the show has served as a model of the musical ever since.

Notes

References 
 
 

Operettas by Gilbert and Sullivan
1870s operas
WrestleMania XXIX was the twenty-ninth yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by WWE. It took place on April 7, 2013 at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The event was the fifth WrestleMania in the New York metropolitan area and the third WrestleMania held in the state of New Jersey.

There was an 8-man mixed tag team match scheduled between Tons of Funk (Brodus Clay & "Sweet T" Tensai) (with Cameron & Naomi) and Team Rhodes Scholars (Cody Rhodes & Damien Sandow) (with The Bella Twins) but the match was pulled from the card on short notice because of time constraints.

Matches

References

WrestleMania
2013 in professional wrestling
2013 in American television
2010s in New Jersey
April 2013 events
Prince Albert is the third largest city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.

The population of Prince Albert was 35,129 in 2011 The mayor of Prince Albert is Greg Dionne. It is nicknamed the "Gateway to the North" because it is the last major centre along the route to the resources of northern Saskatchewan. It is named after Albert, Prince Consort, husband of Queen Victoria

References

Other websites
Official website

Cities in Saskatchewan
North Battleford is a city in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The population of North Battleford was 13,190 in 2006. The mayor of North Battleford is Ian Hamilton. The Battlefords area was home to several aboriginal groups including Cree, Assiniboine and Blackfoot tribes who contested for control of local resources before the European settlement.

References

Other websites
Official website 

Cities in Saskatchewan
Periwinkle is a color in the blue family.  Its name comes from the lesser periwinkle or myrtle herb (Vinca minor) which has flowers of the same color.  

The color Periwinkle is also called lavender blue.  The color periwinkle may be considered a pale tint of indigo – a pastel indigo. 

The first written use of periwinkle as a color name in English was in 1922.

Meaning of periwinkle
 The color periwinkle may represent serenity, calmness, winter and ice. A periwinkle ribbon represents stomach cancer and esophageal cancer awareness.
 The color periwinkle is the color of the downvote icon on Reddit.
The color is considered to be a blue due to the Hue and saturation being far into the blue spectrum

Tones of periwinkle color comparison chart

Related pages
 List of colors

References
The Mallorquín or Caballo Mallorquín () is a rare breed of horse native to the island of Mallorca in the Balearic Islands. The breed was identified in 1985.

Mallorca
Horse breeds
Sherlock is a BBC television series based on characters created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle placed in 21st century London. Benedict Cumberbatch stars as Sherlock Homes, alongside Martin Freeman who plays Dr. John Watson. The series aired 4 seasons between 2010 and 2017. 

In this contemporary TV version, Watson is a war vet just home from Afghanistan. He meets the eccentric Sherlock Holmes when he advertises for a flatmate. Together they solve mysteries related to Sherlocks nemesis Moriarty.

Other websites 

2010 British television series debuts
2010s British drama television series
2010s crime television series
2010s mystery television series
BAFTA Award winning programmes
BBC television dramas
British crime television series
Crime drama television series
Television series set in London
English-language television programs
Pedro Bigas Rigo (born 15 September 1990 in Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands) is a Spanish footballer. He plays for RCD Mallorca as a left midfielder or defender.

He start playing football at la Salle Palma, after that he played in Montuiri, and then in the Mallorca B. He left Mallorca B to join the Athletico de Baleares. While he was playing for Athletico de Baleares he was offered a position in RCD Mallorca.

Other websites
Mallorca official profile 
BDFutbol profile
Futbolme profile 
Transfermarkt profile

1990 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
People from Palma de Mallorca
Sasha Grey (born Marina Ann Hantzis on March 14, 1988) is an American former pornographic actress, who now does ordinary acting, modelling, and music. She was born and raised in North Highlands, California. In 2005, she started taking acting, dancing and music lessons. After she turned 18, she started to participate in pornographic movies in Los Angeles. She is openly bisexual.

Grey has released two books. A photo book, Neü Sex, was released on March 29, 2011 by VICE books. On May 9, 2013 The Juliette Society, an erotic novel, was published by Sphere.

She has been in three music videos.

Filmography

Film

Series

Music videos

Video games

References

Other websites
Other websites
 

1988 births
Living people
Actors from Sacramento County, California
American adult models
American LGBT sex industry people
American movie actors
American pornographic actors
American television actors
Bisexual people
LGBT models
LGBT musicians
LGBT people from California
LGBT pornographic actors
Models from California
Musicians from California
AVN Award winners
The Danish People's Party is a Danish national conservative political party placed on the right wing. The aim of the Danish People's Party is to assert Denmark's independence, to guarantee the freedom of the Danish people in their own country, and to preserve and promote representative government and the monarchy.
The leader of the party has since 2022 been Morten Messerschmidt. The former leader was Pia Kjærsgaard who also founded the party in 1995. By 2013, the party has over 12,000 members.

By February 2023 the party has 7 members in the Danish parliament The Folketing. 

Politics of Denmark
Political parties in Europe
Nationalist organizations in Europe
Eurosceptic parties
1995 establishments in Europe
1990s establishments in Denmark

Organizations based in Denmark
The Boxcar Children is a children's story. It was written by Gertrude Chandler Warner. It was published by Rand McNally in 1924. Warner wrote 19 other books about the boxcar children and their adventures. Other people wrote more stories. There are over 100 books about the boxcar children. Over the years they have made the story into different novels, comic books and they are making a movie which will be released in April of 2014.

Story 
Henry, Jessie, Violet, and Benny are orphans. They have never seen their grandfather Mr. Alden. They have heard he is cruel. They run away because they don't want to live with him. One night, they find shelter in a bakery. They say they will help with the work the next day if they can stay the night. Benny is too little to work. The baker wants to take him to the children's home. The childen run away.
The children find an old boxcar in the woods. They make it their home. They find dishes, spoons, and other things to use in their new home. They help a dog with a hurt paw. Benny names the dog "Watch". The children dam a stream to make a swimming pool. Henry gets a job working for Dr. Moore. He mows the lawn and cleans the garage. He works in the garden for the doctor's mother. She gives him some vegetables. All the children pick cherries from the trees in the garden. The children are happy. 

Dr. Moore reads in a newspaper that Mr. Alden is looking for his grandchildren. The doctor calls Mr. Alden. Mr. Alden arrives at the doctor's house. The children grow to like him. He is not cruel but kind. The children move to their grandfather's house. Mr. Alden puts the boxcar in the back yard for their fun.

American children's books
1924 books
The Country Bears is a 2002 American live-action comedy movie. It was produced by Walt Disney Pictures, based on the Disney attraction Country Bear Jamboree. It was released on July 26, 2002.

Release Dates 

American comedy movies
2002 movies
Disney animated movies
English-language movies
Genevieve Knight Hannelius (born December 22, 1998) is better known as G. Hannelius. She is an American actress and singer who is the new voice of Rosebud in the Air Buddies series.

Early life
Hannelius was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She moved to southern Maine at age 1. She started acting at a young age. Her theater roles include Madeline in Madeline's Rescue and Jenny in Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing with Children's Theatre of Maine and Maine State Music Theater. She moved to California for 3 months to try out auditions, and she was so successful that her family relocated permanently to Los Angeles in 2008.

References

Other websites
 
 

1998 births
Actors from Boston
American child actors
Singers from Boston
American stage actors
American television actors
Disney actors
Living people
Alejandro Abrines Redondo (born in Palma de Mallorca in 1993) is a Spanish professional basketball player. He currently plays for FC Barcelona Bàsquet. 
Abrines started to play basketball at seven years old in La Salle Palma (C.B. La Salle). He was playing basketball in La Salle in the junior category at seventeen years old.

In 2010 Abrines went to a campus with Unicaja De Málaga, and signed a contract with Aíto García Reneses, the trainer of Unicaja De Málaga.

He started playing in LEB Oro with Clínicas Rincón, the branch of Unicaja. 
In the summer of 2011 Abrines was selected to the Spanish selection of Basketball U-18 for play the European Championship, where he was elected MVP.

And later was selected to play the all-star at European level.
In October 2011 Alejandro Abrines debuted VS Gran Canaria in the ACB. He later did the same in the Basketball Euroleague. In February 2012 he debuted in La Copa del Rey.

Other websites
 Spanish League Profile
1993 births
Living people
Spanish basketball players
People from Palma de Mallorca
Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci (Pietrasanta, 27 July 1835 – Bologna, 16 February 1907) was an Italian poet and teacher. He was very influential and was regarded as the official national poet of modern Italy. In 1906, he became the first Italian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.

He was fascinated with the restrained style of Greek and Roman antiquity, and his mature work reflects a restrained classical style, often using the classical meters of Latin poets as Horace and Virgil.

Italian poets
1835 births
1907 deaths
Italian Nobel Prize winners
Audley Harrison (born 26 October 1971) is a British heavyweight boxer. He is 6 ft 5 1/2 tall (1.97 metres) and weighs 18 stone 3 pounds (116 kilograms).

Harrison was born and raised in London. As a Super Heavyweight, he won two gold medals: one at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur and another at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He was the European Boxing Union Heavyweight Champion from 9 April - 8 June 2010. 

Harrison was a contestant in the 2011 series of Strictly Come Dancing. He is a housemate in the August-September 2014 series of Celebrity Big Brother.

Other websites 
Official website
BoxRec 

Black British sportspeople
British boxers
British Olympic gold medalists
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
Sportspeople from London
Strictly Come Dancing participants
1971 births
Living people
Japanese calendar types have included several of official and unofficial systems. At present, Japan uses the Gregorian calendar and also the Japanese era name system.

History
Japan has more than one traditional system for counting years, including
The Chinese calendar (sexagenary cycle)
The  or "National calendar year" based on the legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 BC.
The  based on the reign of the current emperor

Since the Meiji period, Japan has used the  system.

In Japan today, the old Chinese calendar is rarely used. The system of counting years from the reign of Emperor Jimmu has been abandoned.

Annual holidays in Japan's calendar

The Japanese calendar has yearly holidays and traditional events.  Some of these preserve ancient customs.

The names and dates of some of Japan's national holidays have changed over time.

Related pages
 Japanese Imperial year
 Japanese era names

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar"
 NengoCalc
Japanese culture
Calendars
in Japan is celebrated on May 5.  It has been a national holiday in Japan since 1948. Children's Day is one of a group of national holidays called Golden Week.

History
Since the 8th century, it was traditional to have special days for children twice a year—March 3 for girls and May 5 for boys.

Related pages 
 Shichi-Go-San
 Hinamatsuri

References

Holidays
Festivals in Japan
May events
Plastic Man (real name Patrick "Eel" O'Brian) is a fictional comic-book superhero, with the ability to shift his body into any shape or form, created by artist Jack Cole. He was published by Quality Comics first and then later by DC Comics.

Plastic Man first appeared in August 1941. After being shot by an acid bullet, his fellow burglar partners left him for dead without hesitation. This angered him and caused him to become a crime fighter. The acid from the bullet caused a chemical reaction inside of him that allows his body to take on any shape or form, even ones with moving parts.

DC Comics superheroes
or "National calendar year" is a unique calendar system in Japan.  It is based on the legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 BC.

Kōki emphasizes the long history of Japan and the Imperial dynasty.

History
The Summer Olympics and Tokyo Expo were planned as anniversary events in 1940 (Kōki 2600); but the international games were not held because of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) and Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) used the Kōki system for identification.  For example, 
 The IJA's Type 92 battalion gun was called "ninety-two" because its design was completed in 1932; and the 2592nd year since the first Emperor of Japan was 1932 (Kōki 2592).
 The Mitsubishi A6M Zero was called the "Zero" because it entered service in 1940 (Kōki 2600).

In Japan today, the system of counting years from the reign of Emperor Jimmu has been abandoned.

Related pages
 Japanese calendar
 Japanese era names

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar"
The Sagrada Familia (full name ) is a large Roman Catholic church in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was designed by architect Antoni Gaudi (1852–1926).

Although it is not finished, the church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In November 2010 it was consecrated (dedicated to a special purpose) and made a minor basilica by Pope Benedict XVI.

Building of the Sagrada Familia began in 1882. Gaudi started working on it in 1883. He took over the project, and changed it with his ideas on architecture and engineering.

Gaudi worked on it until he died. At the time of his death in 1926, less than a quarter of the building was finished. The Sagrada Familia's building was slow. It needed private donations (people giving money to it). It was stopped by the Spanish Civil War—only to start again in the 1950s. Building was more than halfway done after 2010. Some of the project's biggest problems still remain.

Gallery

References

Further reading

Other websites
Other websites 

 Official website of the Construction Board of La Sagrada Família Foundation
 
 
 Gaudí and Sagrada Família Barcelona 
 Sagrada Familia at Great Buildings
 Journal of Sagrada Familia – Erke Blog
 La Sagrada Familia in" Gaudidesigner" web site.

Roman Catholic cathedrals
Churches in Spain
World Heritage Sites in Spain
12 Treasures of Spain
Buildings and structures in Barcelona
Tauriel is a fictional character from Peter Jackson's three-part feature movie adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit. The character does not appear in the original book by writer J.R.R. Tolkien, but was created by Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh for two of the movies. Tauriel is a Woodland Elf, and is the leader of the Elven guard. Her name means "forest daughter" in the Elvish language. She is played by actress Evangeline Lilly, who appeared as Kate Austen on the TV show Lost.
Appearances
Tauriel first appears in the second part of the trilogy, The Desolation of Smaug, which was released December 13, 2013. Before it was decided to have three films instead of two, Tauriel was described as having a more important role in what was then the final film, The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies, which was originally going to be released in 2013. However, when the filmmakers decided to make the series into a trilogy, that part of the story became the third part of the trilogy, which would be released in December 2014.
In The Desolation of Smaug, the hobbit Bilbo Baggins, and thirteen dwarves, are traveling to Lonely Mountain, and pass through the black forest of Mirkwood, where they are captured by giant spiders. The spiders are then attacked by the Wood Elves, led by Legolas and Tauriel. Tauriel saves Kíli by killing a spider that was attacking him, but the Elves take the dwarves as prisoners for trespassing on their land. During the dwarves' imprisonment, Tauriel forms a bond with Kíli. It is later mentioned that Tauriel is a talented warrior and for this reason, was made leader of the Mirkwood border guards. Legolas, the son of Mirkwood's Elven king Thranduil, is shown to be attracted to her, and she used to be attracted to him too, but because she is a lowly Silvan Elf, she does not believe herself worthy of him, and similarly, Thranduil does not consider her to be a proper match for his son.
After getting weapons and supplies at Laketown, the dwarves leave for the Lonely Mountain, but leave Kíli behind because of his injury, and Fili, Bofur and Oin stay behind to be with him. By the time Tauriel and Legolas reach Laketown, the dwarves are being attacked by orcs. They defeat the invaders, and Tauriel uses her knowledge of herbs to heal Kíli's wound, saving his life once again, after which they admit that they have developed a bond with one another.

Creation and casting
In 1937 J. R. R. Tolkien published the fantasy novel The Hobbit, which is about a group of 15 people: a Hobbit named Bilbo Baggins, a wizard named Gandalf and thirteen dwarves. This group goes searching for a treasure guarded by the dragon, Smaug. During the story, the group are captured by the Silvan Elves. During the Battle of Five Armies at the end of the story, the group of 15 travelers join with the Elves to fight an army of goblins and wargs.
Although Tauriel does not appear in this story, she was created by Peter Jackson and his wife and producing partner Fran Walsh for the movie. They did this in order to expand the world of the elves of Mirkwood Forest, and to bring another female to the cast, since it is mostly males. The character is a Silvan Elf, which means she is of a much lower place in Elf society than the elves that had been seen in The Lord of the Rings film series, like Arwen, Galadriel, Elrond, and Legolas. A Woodland Elf, her name has been translated as "Daughter of Mirkwood".
In June 2011 Peter Jackson announced that actress Evangeline Lilly, who played Kate Austen in the ABC drama Lost, was cast in the role. Lilly, had been a fan of Tolkien's books since she was 13, but was nervous about how Tolkien fans would react to  a character that did not appear in Tolkien's books. She stated that creating the character for the adaptation was the right thing to do, saying, "I believe she is authentic, because Tolkien refers to The Woodland Elves, he just doesn't talk about who they are specifically… [Peter and Fran] know that world so well. They’re not going to create a character that is not true to Tolkien's world." Despite this, some fans were unhappy with the creation of her character after the first trailer for the film was released on June 12, 2013.
As head of the Elven guard, Lilly says that Tauriel is "slightly reckless and totally ruthless and doesn't hesitate to kill." Lilly also says Tauriel is a nonconformist (someone who refuses to follow established customs), and that because of her relative youth among Elves, she can be reckless in the decisions she makes, tending to rebel against the established social order of the Elves. Lilly explains, "She's only 600 years old, she's just a baby. So she's a bit more impulsive, and she's a bit more immature. I think she's more easily romanticized by a lot of things." However, she also has a "softer side", and her character's story has her falling in love with another character. Although she and Legolas are close, childhood friends, the romance is not with him. According to Lilly, Legolas' father, the Elven king Thranduil, is fond of Tauriel, and "sees something very special in her"
. Lilly told the filmmakers that she would only play the character if they promised that her character would not be part of a love triangle. However, when she was called back into production to shoot new scenes after it was decided to split the story into three films instead of two, she was told that a love triangle would indeed be added to the story.
To look like Tauriel in the films, she wore a red wig with knee-length hair, fake ears that are three times larger than the ones Orlando Bloom wore as Legolas (though Lilly felt that the long hair would take attention away from the ears). Instead of wearing the complex formal gowns that female Elf noblewomen were seen wearing in previous films, Tauriel wears Elven military garb, which is better-suited to her job as a border guard and soldier. The is an expert in a variety of weapons, but she usually uses a bow and two daggers, the same weapons Legolas uses. Lilly had a stunt coach help her film the action scenes. Although Lilly asked to do the character's wirework herself, because she had experience doing her own stunts on Lost, that work was performed by a stunt double. Lilly also had a language coach teacher her how to speak the Elvish language.
Filming of Tauriel's scenes began in September 2011 in New Zealand, and was expected to last a year. Lilly said that she enjoyed the calm atmosphere of the set, and the familiar experience of filming with a cast of mostly men, which reminded her of working on Lost and The Hurt Locker. However, she said that the experience of having had her first baby in May 2011 made some parts of filming the fighting scenes harder than she expected, saying, "Recovering from labor is like recovering from a full-body injury, and I didn't realize to what extent that was true until I started training for elf fighting. My hips don't move like they used to move, my back doesn't move like it used to move, my shoulders are sore every day. But it's fun."

Other Tauriel products
Tauriel is part of the toy Lego set No. 79001, which is called Escape from Mirkwood Spiders. Her minifigures comes with those of Legolas and the Dwarves Fíli and Kíli.
Cultural effects
For her performance as Tauriel, Evangeline Lilly was nominated for the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress, the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie, the Empire Award for Best Supporting Actress, and the 2014 Kids' Choice Awards.

The band The Esgaroth Three poked fun at fans' reaction to Tauriel's appearance in the films, and to other changes made by Peter Jackson to the story, with the song and video "Who the 'ell is Tauriel?".

References

Other websites

Tauriel at the Tolkien Gateway
"Dish Of Salt: Evangeline Lilly Dishes On Filming ‘The Hobbit’". (Video of Evangeline Lilly speaking Elvish) Access Hollywood. October 2011

Fictional characters introduced in 2013
Characters in The Hobbit
The Hobbit (movie series)
The Canet guns were designed by Gustave Canet (1846-1913) for Schneider et Cie.

Naval artillery
Schneider was successful in sales to the Empire of Japan. 
 
The guns supplied to Japan equipped the cruisers , , and . 

The guns were used during the First Sino-Japanese War.

Related pages 
 Artillery of Japan

References

Other websites

Military of Japan
Artillery
A boxcar is a railroad car that is enclosed and used to carry freight. Boxcars have side doors of varying size and operation. Some boxcars have end doors and adjustable bulkheads to load very large items.

Rolling stock
Gertrude Chandler Warner (16 April 1890 - 29 August 1979) was an American writer. She wrote the popular Boxcar Children books. She was criticized for showing children with little parental supervision. Her critics thought that this would cause child rebellion. She was born in Putnam, Connecticut.

Other websites 
 About Gertrude Chandler Warner 
Article about the Gertrude Warner Museum  
Biography of Warner and information about Boxcar Children 
 

19th-century writers from Connecticut
1890 births
1979 deaths
Norwich School (before called King Edward VI’s Grammar School) is a co-ed (girls and boys) private school in Norwich, England. It is one of the oldest schools in the world, going back to at least 1096. Norwich School has one of the best academic records in East Anglia. The Daily Telegraph ranked the school's A-Level results as 74th in 2006, 55th in 2007 and 80th in 2008 amongst independent schools in the UK. In each case, the rank was the highest in Norfolk and Suffolk. 

The school used to be for boys only. It began admitting girls below the Sixth Form in September 2008. All year groups had girls in them by September 2010. 

Norwich School is an Anglican school. It has a long relationship with Norwich Cathedral, which it uses for morning assemblies and some annual events. Many famous people were taught at Norwich School, like Horatio Nelson, who has a house named after him. 

There are eight houses: Brooke, Coke, Seagrim, Nelson, Parker, Repton, School and Valpy.

References
References

1096 establishments
Norwich
Schools in England
Christina Judith Perri (born August 19, 1986) is an American singer, musician and songwriter. She is from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Her song "Jar of Hearts" became a hit in the United States. It has been used on the FOX network programs So You Think You Can Dance and Glee and the ABC Family series Switched at Birth. Another of her songs, "A Thousand Years", was used in the movie Twilight: Breaking Dawn.

Personal life
Perri was born in Bensalem, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia.  She attended Archbishop Ryan High School, a Roman Catholic high school in the Far Northeast section of Philadelphia.  She married Paul Costabile on December 12, 2017. Their daughter, Carmella Stanley Costabile, was born January 17, 2018.

In March 2019, Perri revealed she had maintained sobriety for seven years.

Albums 

 Headstrong. (2011)
 A Very Merry Perri Christmas (2012)
 Head or Heart (2014)
 songs for carmella: lullabies & sing-a-longs (2019)

References
References

Singers from Philadelphia
Musicians from Philadelphia
American singer-songwriters
1986 births
Living people
Atlantic Records artists
The Prince Albert Raiders are a Canadian ice hockey team. They began playing in 1964. The team currently plays in the Western Hockey League. They play their home games in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan at the Art Hauser Centre. The team started in 1971 and played in the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League where they were one of the most successful Tier II franchises in Canada. They won the Tier II national championship, the Manitoba Centennial Trophy, 4 times in a six-year span from 1977 to 1982. They moved up to the WHL in 1982. They won a Memorial Cup in 1985.

Other websites
Official website

1964 establishments in Canada
Canadian Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in Saskatchewan
Western Hockey League
Jorje Lorenzo Guerrrero (born 4 May 1987) is a Spanish motorcyclist. He was the world champion in MotoGP in 2010. In 2008, Lorenzo signed a contract with the official Yamaha team. He was the partner of seven-time world champion, Valentino Rossi. In the Portugal championship, Lorenzo got his first victory in MotoGP.
On 10 October 2010, in Malaysia, Jorge was proclaimed world champion of MotoGP.

References

1987 births
Living people
Spanish motorcycle racers
is an armored artillery vehicle used by the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF).

History
Komatsu developed the chassis; and Japan Steel Works made the turret. 

The howitzer was accepted for service or "standardised" in 1974.

Type 74s are used by the 2nd Artillery Regiment at Asahikawa, Hokkaido.

Related pages 
 Artillery of Japan
 List of howitzers

References

Other websites

 OnWar.com, Type 74 

Japanese weapons
Howitzers
The Battle of Plataea was the final land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece. It was a decisive victory for the Greeks as it ended that war.  The battle was in 479 BC near the city of Plataea in Boeotia. It was fought between the Greek allies (the city-states, of Sparta, Athens, Corinth and Megara), and the Persian Empire of Xerxes I.

The previous year, the Persian invasion force, led by the Xerxes in person, won the Battles of Thermopylae and Artemisium, and conquered Thessaly, Boeotia and Attica. However, at the last-ditch naval Battle of Salamis, the Allied Greek navy had won a surprise victory, and that stopped the conquest of the whole Peloponnesus. Xerxes then returned home with some of his army, leaving his general Mardonius to finish off the Greeks the next year.
Much of the Persian army were caught in their camp, and slaughtered. The destruction of this army, and the remnants of the Persian navy, allegedly on the same day at the Battle of Mycale, ended the invasion. After Plataea and Mycale, the Greek allies would take the offensive against the Persians, marking a new phase of the Greco-Persian Wars. Although Plataea was in every sense a decisive victory, it does not seem (even at the time) to have been as famous as the Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon or even the Allied defeat at Thermopylae.

Legacy
Legacy

Monuments to the battle 
A bronze column in the shape of intertwined snakes (the Serpent column) was created from melted-down Persian weapons, and was erected at Delphi. It commemorated all the Greek city-states that had participated in the battle, listing them on the column, and thus confirming some of Herodotus's claims. Most of it still survives in the Hippodrome of Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), where it was carried by Constantine the Great during the founding of his city on the Greek colony of Byzantium.

References 

Achaemenid Empire
History of Persia
Battles of ancient Greece
479 BC
Bellver Castle (bellver in Castilian means "good view") is a castle that was built by order of King Jaime II for use as a residence of the kings of Mallorca.
The castle is built at  above sea level.
Today it belongs to the City Council of Palma de Mallorca and it is the Museum of the History of the city of Palma. It is open to the public.
  
Its uses include:
Refuge to the Turkish landings.                                                          
Military Prison                                                                                        
Military fortress during the Rebellion of Germanias
Shelter from the epidemic of plague.

Bellver Castle was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

Imágenes del Castillo de Bellver 
Castillo de Bellver en la página del Ayuntamiento de Palma de Mallorca 
Artículo en MallorcaWeb (en mallorquín)
Vista aérea del castillo en la página web del Ayuntamiento de Palma
Vista del Castillo de Bellver en Google Maps
Castillo de Bellver en castillosnet.org 

Mallorca
Castles in Spain
14th-century buildings and structures
Philosophy of the World is the first album by The Shaggs. It was released in 1969 by Third Word Records. At the time, it was considered to be one of the worst albums. It was rereleased in 1980 by Red Rooster Records/Rounder Records after the band NRBQ found it at a Massachusetts radio station in 1978, and has been a cult and influential album ever since.

Recording of the album was financed by Austin Wiggin, father of the Wiggin Sisters.

Track list
All songs written & composed by Dorothy Wiggin.

"Philosophy of the World" – 2:56
"That Little Sports Car" – 2:06
"Who Are Parents?" – 2:58
"My Pal Foot Foot" – 2:31
"My Companion" – 2:04
"I'm So Happy When You're Near" – 2:12
"Things I Wonder" – 2:12
"Sweet Thing" – 2:57
"It's Halloween" – 2:22
"Why Do I Feel?" – 3:57
"What Should I Do?" – 2:18
"We Have a Savior" – 3:06

1969 albums
Rock albums
Pop albums
The , also known as a "15-cm" gun, was a howitzer used by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). 

This artillery piece was designed to replace the Type 4 150 mm howitzer in front line combat. Type 96s fired the same ammunition as the Type 4s.

History
Type 96s began to be built in 1937. A total of 440 units were produced.  A medium artillery regiment had 24 Type 96s.

Combat record
The Type 96 15 cm howitzer was used in the Second Sino-Japanese War and in World War II.  The 96s were among Japan's most used artillery weapons.

One of the Type 96s is preserved at the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo.

Related pages 
 Artillery of Japan
 List of howitzers

References

Other websites

 Taki's Imperial Japanese Army page
 US Technical Manual E 30-480

Japanese weapons
Howitzers