Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
"I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible. I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, born of the Father before all ages, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father. Through Him all things were made. For us men and our salvation He came down from heaven: and, by the Holy Spirit, was incarnate of the Virgin Mary, and became man. For our sake, He was crucified under Pontius Pilate; He suffered death and was buried and rose again on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures: He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and His kingdom will have no end. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son, Who, with the Father and the Son, is adored and glorified, Who has spoken through the Prophets
. I believe in one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church. I confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins and I look forward to the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen."
Eastern Orthodox and Protestants believe many of the same things. They sometime disagree on the role of the Virgin Mary and other saints, on what a priest can do, and on how exactly God should be worshipped, among other things.

Related pages
 Catholicism
 Protestantism
 Eastern Orthodox Church

References

Other websites 
 Necessity of baptism
Villeneuve-d'Ascq (which means New city of Ascq in French) is one of the main cities of the metropolis of Lille, in France. It is between Lille and Roubaix, at the crossroads of the principal freeways towards Paris, Ghent, Antwerp and Brussels,

Demography

Villeneuve-d'Ascq has more than 65,000 people and attracts 50,000 students.
The average age of people there is 29 years.

Geography

The city has about 10 km² of greenspace, lakes, forests and farmland.

History

The roots of the city go back to Celtic Gaul, and are anchored in two feudal mounds, a Gallo-Roman site and a Carolingian one.

Its site was selected in the 1960s to accommodate the new town of Lille-Est. It was made to channel the development of the agglomeration. The commune of Villeneuve-d'Ascq was created in 1970 by combining three communes (Ascq, Annapes and Flers). Its name reminds people at the same time the new city and the memory of Ascq, martyr city of April 1, 1944, date on which the Nazis killed 86 men.

Communes in Nord
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician who served as the 67th United States secretary of State from 2009 to 2013 under President Barack Obama. As a member of the Democratic Party, she served as the United States senator from New York from 2001 to 2009. Clinton also served as the first lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, and first lady of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and again from 1983 to 1992. She held both titles as first lady under her husband Bill Clinton while as governor and president.

Clinton was the first former first lady to be elected to the United States Senate after her husband's term as president and the first former first lady to be appointed as the U.S. secretary of State. She ran for re-election to the Senate in 2006, which she won, and was considered by many in the media and politics as having a good chance to win in the race for the Democrtaic presidential nomination in 2008, but she lost to Barack Obama.
In April 2015, Clinton announced that she would be running for president once again for the 2016 United States presidential election. During the Democratic presidential primaries, Clinton faced challenges from United States senator from Vermont Bernie Sanders. On June 6, 2016, Clinton reached the number of delegates to become the presumptive Democratic Party nominee. She lost the election to Donald Trump on November 8, 2016.

Early life and education
Hillary Diane Rodham was born at Edgewater Medical Center in Chicago. She was raised in Park Ridge, a suburb located  northwest of downtown Chicago. Her parents were Hugh E. Rodham and Dorothy Emma Howell Rodham. She is of Welsh, English, French and French Canadian ancestry. Hillary grew up with two younger brothers, Hugh and Tony.

She studied at Maine East High School and Maine South High School. She finished high school in 1965, and enrolled at Wellesley College in Massachusetts.
In 1969, Rodham entered Yale Law School. She received a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from Yale in 1973. Then, she began a year of post-graduate study on children and medicine at the Yale Child Study Center.

First Lady of the United States (1993-2001) 

When she was First Lady, she tried to change the health care system. Some people didn't like it when the planning meetings were kept secret away from the public. In the end, too many people did not want the changes that she wanted.

Another major event during the time she was First Lady was when the public found out in 1998 that Bill Clinton had a sexual relationship with Monica Lewinsky in the mid-1990s. There was stress in the marriage partly because Bill had to go to trial (impeachment) because he was accused of lying to the court (during a deposition).
Senate (2001-2009) 
When she decided that she wanted to be senator, she chose New York even though she never lived there. Some accused her of "carpetbagging" because of this. She went on to win the election and won a second term in 2006.

When the war between the United States-led coalition and Iraq was about to start, she voted in favor of the war, which, as of 2015, she had said she regrets doing.

2008 presidential campaign 

Hillary Clinton had raised more money than anybody else in the 2008 Presidential campaign, but later had big money problems for her campaign by May 7, 2008. She lost the party nomination to Barack Obama, but she campaigned for Obama after this.

United States Secretary of State (2009-2013) 

In mid-November 2008, Obama and Clinton talked about whether she could be the next U.S. Secretary of State in his presidency. On November 21, there were reports that said Hillary Clinton had accepted his offer.
During her term as Secretary of State, Clinton used her position to make women's rights and human rights a focus of U.S. initiatives. She became one of the most traveled secretaries of state in American history. She promoted the use of social media to convey the country's positions. She also led U.S. diplomatic efforts in responding to the Arab Spring and military intervention in Libya.

Clinton did not want to serve a second term as secretary. Once Barack Obama won his re-election, he announced that John Kerry would succeed Clinton as secretary. Clinton left office on February 1, 2013.

2016 presidential campaign
In 2016, Clinton became the first woman in the History of the United States to be a major party presidential candidate. Clinton did not want to run for president in 2016, but after much of a majority support from the Democratic party, on April 12, 2015, speculation ended as Clinton formally announced her candidacy via email and the release of a video saying, "Everyday Americans need a champion. And I want to be that champion." In the polls, Clinton maintained her lead for the nomination although she faced several challenges from Senator Bernie Sanders. A NBC/Wall Street Journal poll conducted in May found Clinton and presumptive Republican nominee Donald Trump in a tie. Clinton and Trump were the least popular likely candidates in the poll's history. This made it difficult for her campaign.

Clinton became the presumptive nominee on June 6, 2016.

Clinton lost the general election to Donald Trump winning 227 of the electoral college to Trump's 304. Clinton won the popular vote however 48% to Trump's 46%.
After the 2016 election
In April 2017, Clinton said that she will not seek public office again.

Personal life 
While working as a faculty member at the Law School of the University of Arkansas, she married Bill Clinton on October 11, 1975. He was also working as a faculty member at the same university. Both knew each other and were classmates at the Yale Law School. Their only child is daughter Chelsea Clinton, born on February 27, 1980.

References

Other websites

 Campaign website
 Former website of Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton
 First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton website
1947 births
Living people
 
2008 United States presidential candidates
2016 United States presidential candidates
21st-century American politicians
Lawyers from Little Rock, Arkansas
American Methodists
First Ladies of the United States
Politicians from Little Rock, Arkansas
Politicians from Chicago
United States Secretaries of State
United States senators from New York (state)
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Yale University alumni
Lawyers from Chicago
Lawyers from New York City
Writers from Little Rock, Arkansas
Writers from Chicago
Politicians from New York City
Writers from New York City
Bill Clinton
Andhra Pradesh () () is a state in the Republic of India. It has a population of 75,727,000 people according to the census of 2001. The eastern boundary is a  coastline along the Bay of Bengal. Its latitude and longitude is 17.3660°N and 78.4760°E. The state has an area of . It is bigger than Burkina Faso but smaller than Ecuador. In traditional Indian geography it falls under the South Indian zone. It was divided into Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in 2014, because of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. According to this Act, both states will have the same capital city Hyderabad, for a period of 10 years. The present Chief Minister of the state is Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy of the YSR Party.
Andhra Pradesh has a gross domestic product (GDP) of 123,560 (in millions of US dollars). That makes it the third largest state in India in terms of GDP, after Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. Most of this money comes from agriculture. Andhra Pradesh is sometimes called the "Rice Bowl of India", as a very large amount of rice or paddy is grown in the coastal plains of the state. Recently the state is also involved in newer businesses like biotechnology and information technology.

Provincial symbols of Andhra Pradesh

References
Joaquin Alberto Vargas y Chávez (9 February 1896 – 30 December 1982), better known as Alberto Vargas, was a Peruvian-born painter, best known for his pin-up paintings of beautiful women. In the 1930s he became famous for movie posters. In the 1940s and 1950s he painted for Esquire Magazine and in the 1960s and 1970s for Playboy.

A painting of Alberto's, Varga Girl, was put on the Beatles - Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album.  She is pictured in the upper right-hand corner (next to Richard Menkin, the man in the hat).

 Alberto Vargas, a history, family photos and gallery. 
 Vargas on "The Pin-Up Files"
  Alberto Vargas Biography 
 Artwork on the American Art Archives web site

Peruvian painters
1896 births
1982 deaths
George Walton Lucas Jr. (born May 14, 1944) is an American movie director, producer, and screenwriter most famous for the Star Wars and Indiana Jones movie series.

He also directed the movies THX 1138 (1971) and American Graffiti (1973). He made the Indiana Jones series with Steven Spielberg. He is also an innovator for what he has done with special effects, and has founded companies that make not only movies, but also things like video games, theme park rides, and TV shows.

Lucas founded the Pixar animation studio and later sold it to Steve Jobs in 1986 for $10 million.

Personal life
He has three children: Katie, Amanda and Jett Lucas (born 1993). Jett has had cameo appearances in Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith as Zett Jukassa. 

Lucas began dating Mellody Hobson, president of Ariel Investments and chair of DreamWorks Animation, in 2006. Lucas and Hobson announced their engagement in January 2013, and married on June 22, 2013 at Lucas's Skywalker Ranch in Marin County, California.
George Lucas Cultural Arts Museum
A George Lucas Cultural Arts Museum was to be built in San Francisco, California, but after talks failed, Lucas decided not to build the museum in San Francisco. 

Soon afterwards, the Chicago Tribune reported that Lucas wanted to build the museum in Chicago, Illinois. Lucas said: "The city of Chicago has enthusiastically welcomed me and I consider Chicago to be my second home," Lucas said in a statement. "I look forward to working with community leaders to see if Chicago can become home to the Lucas Cultural Arts Museum. " The office of Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel confirmed that talks between the two were ongoing. A potential lakefront site on Museum Campus in Chicago was proposed in May 2014. On June 24, 2014, the Chicago Sun-Times reported that Chicago was selected as the location, pending approval of the Chicago Plan Commission. The commission approved the idea and the museum will be built in Chicago.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1944 births
American cinematographers
American movie editors
American screenwriters
American television producers
American television writers
Living people
Movie directors from California
Movie producers from California
Businesspeople from California
American company founders
American billionaires
Writers from California
Telugu  is a  language spoken in the southern part of India and the Peninsular part of Malaysia. It is the official language of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It is one of the twenty-two scheduled languages of the Republic of India. Telugu is the second most spoken language in India and 15th largest spoken language in the world. As it is one of the oldest languages in the world, Government of India gave it the status of a Classical language.

With 56 letters [16 vowels and 36 consonants, 4 removed], Telugu has more letters in its alphabet than any other language. There were letters for sounds Al, Aluu, which were later removed from the alphabet. Every Telugu word ends with an vowel.

Achchullu  (vowels) 

అ ఆ ఇ ఈ ఉ ఊ ఋ ౠ ఎ ఏ ఐ ఒ ఓ ఔ అం అః

Halullu   (consonants) 

క ఖ గ ఘ ఙ 
చ ఛ జ ఝ ఞ
ట ఠ డ ఢ ణ
త థ ద ధ న
ప ఫ బ భ మ
య ర ల వ శ
ష స హ ళ క్ష ఱ

Ankelu  (Numbers) 
౧ ౨ ౩ ౪ ౫ ౬ ౭ ౮ ౯ ౧౦

References

Dravidian languages
Languages of India
The PlayStation 3 (PS3) is the third video game console made by Sony. It was released in Japan on November 11, 2006. It came out on November 17, 2006 in North America, and was released in Australia and Europe on 23 March 2007. It competed against the Microsoft Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii consoles.

The PlayStation 3 is a console that can play Blu-ray discs. The PS3 was, according to Sony, the most powerful console at the time. However, many people that create computer games have recently stated that both the PS3 and Xbox 360 are about equal. An upside is that to access the online mode to play and interact with other people is free unlike the Xbox in which must be paid for.

When the PlayStation 3 was released, there were two different models. One had a 20 gigabyte (GB) hard drive and cost $399. The other had a 60 gigabyte hard drive and cost $599. Sony stopped making the 20 gigabyte console in North America after the 60 gigabyte version "sold ten times as many" as the 20 gigabyte version.
In July 2007, Sony announced that they would cut the price of the PS3 to $500 in the United States, though still more expensive than its competitors. Sony also released a version of the console with an 80 gigabyte hard drive around this time.

In October, a version of the PlayStation 3 with a 40 gigabyte hard drive was introduced. This model could not play PlayStation 2 games, but games made for the original PlayStation could still be played. The price of the 60 gigabyte model was also further reduced. A white version of the 40 gigabyte model was released in Japan in November.

Since 2011, the PS3 was sold in a new, slimmer, and more efficient model with a 160 GB or 320 GB of hard drive memory.

The PS3 was discontinued in New Zealand on September 29, 2015, in Europe and Australia on March 31, 2016, in North America on October 31, 2016, and in Japan on May 29, 2017, though third-party games are still being made for the system.

References

Sony
PlayStation
Sony consoles
Seventh generation consoles
The controllers of the PlayStation 2 are similar to the Dual Analog controllers for the first PlayStation. Some games are online, such as Call of Duty World at War Final Fronts, and a few connect with the PlayStation Portable (or PSP). The PS2 is very successful and games were still made for it after the PlayStation 3 was made. The PlayStation 2 is the world's best-selling console. It has sold around 159 million units since its launch in March 2000, and is fully compatible with PlayStation (PS1) games. Sony announced that they had discontinued the PlayStation 2 in Japan on December 28, 2012 and worldwide on January 4, 2013. The last two games for the system were FIFA 14 and Pro Evolution Soccer 2014 (released only in Europe) in late 2013 (a week before the PlayStation 4's release date). Both these games also had PS3 and PS4 versions. Online functionalities had ended on March 31, 2016. Repair for the system had ended in Japan on September 7, 2018.
PSX
The PSX was released in 2003. It was a video recorder that allowed you to play PlayStation 2 games. It had a built-in hard drive (up to 250 GB). It did not sell well, because it cost too much money, so it was not released outside of Japan. Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas became the most sold game, with over 27.5 million copies sold.

References

Sony
PlayStation
Sony consoles
2000 establishments in the United States
2013 disestablishments
Sixth generation consoles
Sony is a technology company, based in Japan, which makes many electric products. Among its most popular products is the video game console PlayStation, which was followed by PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 and now the PlayStation 5. They also sold the Walkman invented by Andreas Pavel - a small music audio cassette player that could fit in your pocket - they later made Walkman systems that could play CDs, MiniDiscs or MP3s instead of tapes, and they often could receive radio too.

The company also makes music players, televisions, headsets, mobile phones (Sony Ericsson) and computers (named Sony Vaio), and game players (PlayStation).

It owns the American movie studios, Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures, through Sony Pictures.

History
History 

Sony began its activity from a department store in Tokyo. At that time, 1946, the store was damaged by bombs. One engineer and one physicist invested a capital of about $1,600 to create a company which would include 20 employees. The name of the engineer was Masaru Ibuka and the name of the physicist was Akio Morita. People working in their new company repaired electrical equipment. Later they started creating their own products.

The company achieved success in 1954, when it received license that allowed producing transistors. Although transistors were already created in United States, they were not used in production of radios. Sony produced its first transistor radio in May of 1954.
From that period Sony started leading in the field of electronics. Its revolutionary devices included: Trinitron Color Television, created in 1968; color video cassette, produced in 1971 as well as the world's second home video system, created in 1975. Other revolutionary inventions of Sony include: 1979 – Walkman; 1981 – Electronic camera; 1982 – CD player; 1983 – Camcorder and the list continuous with many other devices. One of the most popular Sony products was Sony PlayStation, created in 1995. With its help Sony became the leader in videogames.

In 45 years Sony has grown from a small firm, employing 20 workers, to a multinational corporation, employing about 100,000 workers. The company created its American branch in 1960 and its UK branch in 1968. In recent years the company focused on leadership in software and hardware. Sony acquired, in 1988, CBS Records and formed Sony Music Entertainment. A year later the company bought Columbia Pictures to create Sony Pictures Entertainment.
Sony would later join forces with BMG to form "Sony BMG." BMG Music Publishing was sold to Universal in 2007. Sony bought all of BMG's record labels in 2008, ending the "BMG" name.

References

Other websites 
 Sony website

1946 establishments in Asia
 
1940s establishments in Japan
Conglomerate companies
The Xbox 360 is the second video game console released by Microsoft, after the Xbox. It was released on November 22, 2005, 1468 days after the first Xbox. The Xbox 360 competed against the Nintendo Wii and Sony PlayStation 3. All three are called next-generation or seventh generation consoles. The Xbox 360 was officially revealed on MTV on May 12, 2005. The Xbox One, the successor (it came after) to the Xbox 360, was announced on May 21, 2013. Even though the Xbox One was released on November 22, 2013, the Xbox 360 continued to be made until April 20, 2016. Games are no longer being made for the Xbox 360.

History

Development 
Before Microsoft revealed the console's real name, it was called the Xbox 2, Xbox NE, Xbox HD, Xbox FS, and other names. During the development, Microsoft, said it would launch the High-Definition era for video game consoles, promising visuals that would look better and much more real. The Xbox 360 uses standard DVDs to play games and other media.
Release 
The Xbox 360 was released in the United States and Canada on November 22, 2005 in Europe on December 2, 2005, and in Japan on December 10, 2005. It was later launched in Malaysia, Mexico, Colombia, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Chile, India, Brazil, Poland, Czech Republic, and Russia. When the console was first released in North America, demand was more than the supplies and the console sold out at many stores. Many people sold the console on eBay for higher prices, and it was not until early 2006 that the Xbox 360 became more available in stores again.
Models
Xbox 360 Core – this was the first basic package of the Xbox 360, featuring only the console and a wired controller. This has been discontinued and replaced by the Arcade as the cheapest model.
Xbox 360 Arcade – this was the second basic package of the Xbox 360, featuring only the console with HDMI output capabilities, a wireless controller, a 256 megabyte (MB) memory card, 5 Xbox Live Arcade games and Standard-definition video cables.
Xbox 360 (commonly called the Premium or Pro) – this package was featuring the console (with HDMI output), 60 gigabyte (GB) hard drive, wireless controller, Ethernet cable, headset, High-definition video cables and one month Xbox Live Gold trial.
Xbox 360 Elite – this was the most expensive package of the Xbox 360, featuring a black-colored console (with HDMI output), HDMI cable, 120 GB hard drive, headset, wireless controller, Ethernet cable, High-definition video cables and one month Xbox Live trial.
Xbox 360 Slim - Piano Black (Matte Black on the 4 GB console), HDMI, 250 or 120 GB HDD and 4 GB SSD, headset (120/250 GB consoles only), wireless controller, ethernet cable, HD video cable, one month Xbox Live trial.
Xbox 360 E - Half gloss, half matte finish, HDMI, one month Xbox Live membership trial, comes in 4GB and 250 GB models.
Software
The Xbox 360 is a multimedia console. It can play music and videos streamed or downloaded from a computer. It can also play DVDs, as well as HD-DVDs if a HD-DVD Drive is connected. The Xbox 360 plays games on either a disc or on its hard drive. There are many games for Xbox 360.

Updates 
The NXE (New Xbox Experience) update had many new features. One new feature is an avatar (profile picture) system. You can make the avatar look like you. The avatar is used in games and more. The menus were changed too. The NXE shows your friends and what they are doing. Another new feature is the ability to add people to an Xbox Live Party. People can talk online in a party. It does not matter if you are on the dashboard or playing another game. Up to seven of your friends or anyone else can join a party. Another option is to add friends to the party and game, which will invite them to both your game and party.
Xbox Live now has Facebook, Twitter, and Last.fm. You can use them on Xbox Live, but some features are different. 1080p High definition movies are also on Xbox Live. You can pay to download them.

The most recent update on the Xbox 360 was allowing users to input a USB memory device, allowing USB drives with memory over 1 GB to be used for storing data such as avatar items, or game saves, up to a maximum of 16 GB of data.

Accessories 
A number of accessories can be purchased for the Xbox 360. These include both wired and wireless controllers, custom faceplates that cover the front of the console, headsets for chatting while online, a webcam, a steering wheel for driving games and various other accessories.
Kinect is a major accessory that Microsoft made for the Xbox 360. It is a way to control games without a controller. Kinect was released in stores in late 2010. It won many awards, including "Fastest selling consumer electronics device" by the Guinness World Records. When it was first being made, it was called Project Natal.

Red Ring of death

The Xbox 360 Red Ring of death issue is very common on older consoles. When this happens, what is known as the Red Ring of Death (RRoD) appears: three of the four warning lights surrounding the power button on the console flash in red. The Red Ring of Death shows that there is a hardware problem, which usually means that the console no longer works. The white Arcade console breaks down a lot. On later models for example, the Xbox 360 S, these three lights show that there is an over-heating problem.

Related pages
Xbox
Xbox (console)
Wii
PlayStation 3
Xbox One

References

Xbox
Seventh generation consoles
The Xbox is a video game console (a machine that plays video games and DVDS). It was made by Microsoft from November 2001 to October 2005. A person plays the games with a controller. The controllers were very large in the beginning, but were made smaller later. The Xbox video game console can play music, DVDs, and games.  Microsoft discontinued the Xbox because they made the next version of the Xbox, the Xbox 360.  The Xbox was first discontinued in 2006 in Japan, later in 2007 in Europe, then in 2009 in the USA.

History 
In 1998, four engineers from Microsoft's DirectX team, Kevin Bachus, Seamus Blackley, Ted Hase and DirectX team leader Otto Berkes, took apart some Dell laptop computers to construct a prototype Microsoft Windows-based video game console. The team hoped to create a console to compete with Sony's upcoming PlayStation 2.

During development, the original DirectXbox name was shortened to Xbox. Microsoft's marketing department did not like the Xbox name, and suggested many alternatives.
Launch
Xbox was the first video game console by Microsoft. It was a very large video game console, and it had a cost of $299.99 in the United States. It was launched one year after the PlayStation 2 and at the same time as the Nintendo GameCube. Halo was the first very popular game for the Xbox.

Builds

Related pages 
 Xbox

References

Xbox
Sixth generation consoles
The Nintendo GameCube (also called GameCube, NGC, GCN, or GC for short) is the fourth video                                                                                                                                                               game home console made by Nintendo. Nintendo's previous console was called the Nintendo 64. Nintendo's next console is called the Nintendo Wii, released in 2006 with models released before November 2011 being backwards compatible with GameCube games. The last game for the console was Madden NFL 08 (also released for the Wii and Nintendo DS), which was released on August 14, 2007. However, first-party development ended six months before that.

The GameCube also had many new features compared to other Nintendo video game consoles, and was the first Nintendo console to officially support Internet play (playing together without wires). It could also connect to the Game Boy Player to allow special features and play Game Boy, Game Boy Color, and Game Boy Advance games.
The console was released on September 14, 2001 in Japan, November 18, 2001 in North America, May 3, 2002 in Europe, and May 17, 2002 in Australia. The GameCube sold 21.74 million units worldwide. It was discontinued in early 2009 to focus production on the Wii and DS.

Background
Nintendo was originally the most popular video game company. However, in the late 1990s, the Sony PlayStation began to hurt Nintendo's business. For the first time, Nintendo's main console, which in this case was the Nintendo 64, was not the best-selling console. It sold over thirty million units, which was good, but only half of what Nintendo's earlier NES did. Nintendo was starting to fear, but they decided to try again. The GameCube was essentially a really beefed up Nintendo 64. It used good and detailed 3D models, and Nintendo decided to put new games and new series on the system, rather than sticking to the same old thing. It is obviously shaped like a cube, and has a handle on the back.
Sales
In the end, the Nintendo GameCube did not do what Nintendo hoped it would do. It ended up selling just 21 million units, worse than the Nintendo 64. The PS2 was simply the way to go at the time, simply because it could play DVDs and had a bigger game library. The GameCube sold poorly because it used special discs that no one else used and looked like a toy to many young adults.

Controller
The GameCube's controllers have two analog joysticks. In many games, one of them is used to control a character, while the other is used to control the camera, or some other secondary function. In addition to the analog sticks and the directional pad (D-pad), there are eight buttons: A, B, Y, X, L, R, Z, and Start.

Nintendo later released a wireless version of the controller, called the WaveBird. Instead of wires, it used RF signals to communicate with the console and was powered by standard AA batteries.

Popular games

The Nintendo GameCube was known for its popular first games, including:
Luigi's Mansion
Metroid Prime and Metroid Prime 2: Echoes
Pikmin and Pikmin 2
Super Smash Bros. Melee
The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker
Super Mario Sunshine
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
Mario Party 4, Mario Party 5, Mario Party 6, and Mario Party 7
Mario Kart: Double Dash!!
Wave Race Blue Storm

References

Notes

Nintendo video game consoles
Sixth generation consoles
Fangames are computer games created by fans based on popular video games. They are often made using C++, The Games Factory, Multimedia Fusion Express, and GameMaker. But now with free versions available of powerful game development tools available, some fangames are made in either Unity or Unreal Engine.

Other websites 
 The Click Wiki  - information about Multimedia Fusion, The Games Factory.

Types of video games
Wrocław (; , ; ) is the biggest city in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in the southwest part of Poland. The German name of the city is Breslau, and the Czech name is Vratislav. The Oder River goes through the city. There are also 4 other small rivers which connect with the Oder River in the territory of the city: Bystrzyca, Oława, Ślęza and Widawa. Before World War II there were 303 bridges in the city; now there are about 220. In Latin it is called "Vratislavia".

History 

Wrocław is over 1000 years old. It was originally a Slavic town. During the Middle Ages it became a German city, but before that Wrocław was a Czech city. It was called Breslau for a long time. During the Second World War the city was badly damaged.  About 70% of the buildings were damaged. Many of them were rebuilt. After the war, the city became Polish, and the German citizens were forced to leave. It has been called by its Polish name Wrocław ever since.
Johannes Brahms wrote his Academic Festival Overture to thank the University of Breslau in Wrocław. This was for an honorary doctorate he was awarded by the university.

Modern Wrocław 
Its population in 2004 was 638,000. There are 10 universities in the city. It is famous for its beautiful historical town square (Polish rynek) and cathedral (large church).

In 1997 the Oder River flooded, causing a lot of damage.

Nobel Prize winners from Wrocław 
10 people from Wrocław have won the Nobel Prize.  They are:
 Theodor Mommsen (1902)
 Philipp Lenard (1905)
 Eduard Buchner (1907)
 Paul Ehrlich (1908)
 Gerhart Hauptmann (1912)
 Fritz Haber (1918)
 Friedrich Bergius (1931)
 Otto Stern (1943)
 Max Born (1954)
 Reinhard Selten (1994)

Notes

References

Other websites 

 Wrocław-Life.com portal
 Virtual Wrocław 
 Municipal website
 Hotels in Wroclaw 
 Airport of Wroclaw
1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar.

Events 
 April 18 – An earthquake in San Francisco, California kills at least three thousand people.
 Camillo Golgi, Italian doctor, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Santiago Ramón y Cajal
 Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish doctor, won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Camillo Golgi
Births 
 January 11 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss scientist, invented LSD
 January 14 - William Bendix, American actor (d. 1964)
 March 6 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (d. 1959)
 April 13 – Samuel Beckett, Irish writer (d. 1989)
 April 28 – Kurt Gödel, Austrian-American mathematician (d. 1978)
 July 14 – William H. Tunner, American World War II general (d. 1983)
 August 27 – Ed Gein, American serial killer (d. 1984)
 September 25 – José Figueres Ferrer, President of Costa Rica (d. 1990)
   September 25   – Dmitri Shostakovich, Soviet composer (d. 1975)
 October 30 – Alexander Gode, German-American linguist and translator (d. 1970)
 November 14 – Louise Brooks, American actress and dancer (d. 1985)
 December 19 – Leonid Brezhnev, leader of the Soviet Union (d. 1982)

Hit songs 
 "Anchors Aweigh"

Movies Released 
 Humorous Phases of Funny Faces, the first animated movie
 The Story of the Kelly Gang, the first feature-length movie
Louis Vincent Albano (July 29, 1933 – October 14, 2009) was a very famous American professional wrestler in the 1980s. Albano is best known as Captain Lou Albano. He also appeared in Cyndi Lauper's music video "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" and played Mario on The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, based on the series of video games.

References 

1933 births
2009 deaths
American professional wrestlers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Former WWE wrestlers
Entertainers from Rome
WWE Hall of Fame
Lip synching is when a person moves his or her lips at the same time as a recorded sound or with another person.  Some artists lip sync a live performance because they are not as confident and want to avoid hitting possible bad notes.

Lip syncing by singers can be controversial to fans attending concert performances who expect to view a live performance.

The word synch is short for synchronize, meaning to do something at the same time.

Music industry
Faith Evans (born June 10, 1973 in Lakeland, Florida) is an American R&B singer. She grew up in Newark New Jersey. Her first husband, The Notorious B.I.G., died in a drive-by shooting in 1997 . She has been arrested for cocaine and marijuana. Evans' album R&B Divas was nominated for Best R&B Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards.

Discography

Studio albums
 Faith (1995)
 Keep the Faith (1998)
 Faithfully (2001)
 The First Lady (2005) A Faithful Christmas (2005)
 Something About Faith (2010)
 Incomparable (2014)

Collaboration albums
 The King & I'' (with The Notorious B.I.G.) (2017)

References 

1973 births
Living people
Singers from Florida
Singers from Newark, New Jersey
Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are very small organisms. They are prokaryotic microorganisms. Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus, and most have no organelles with membranes around them. Most have a cell wall. They do have DNA, and their biochemistry is basically the same as other living things. They are amongst the simplest and the oldest organisms.   

Almost all bacteria are so tiny they can only be seen through a microscope. Bacteria are made up of one cell, so they are a kind of unicellular organism. They were one of the earliest forms of life, and are simple single-celled organisms. They include extremophiles, which live in extreme habitats.
There are probably more individual bacteria than any other sort of organism on the planet, except viruses. Most bacteria live in the ground or in water, but many live inside or on the skin of other organisms, including humans. There are about as many bacterial cells as human cells in each of our bodies. Some bacteria cause diseases, but others help us in everyday activities like digesting food (gut flora). Some we use in factories to make cheese and yogurt.

The founder of bacteriology was a German biologist called Ferdinand Cohn (18281898). He published the first biological classification of bacteria, based on their appearance.

Reproduction and gene transfer 
A bacterium reproduces (creates more bacteria) by dividing in half and creating two "daughter" cells. Each daughter is identical in shape to the parent.
Bacteria do not have sexes, but they do transmit DNA by several kinds of horizontal gene transfer. This is how they share resistance to antibiotics from one strain to another. The complete DNA sequence is known for many bacterial strains. Each bacterium has only one chromosome.

Shape 
Bacteria vary widely in size and shape, but in general they are at least ten times larger than viruses. A typical bacterium is about 1 µm (one micrometer) in diameter, so a thousand bacteria lined up would be one millimeter long. There are about five nonillion (5×1030) bacteria on Earth.

Bacteria are identified and grouped by their shapes. Bacilli are rod-shaped, cocci are ball-shaped, spirilla are spiral-shaped, and vibrio are shaped like a comma or a boomerang.
Pathogens 
Pathogenic bacteria, the harmful kind, enter the human body from the air, water or food. Once inside, these bacteria attach themselves to or invade specific cells in our respiratory system, digestive tract or in any open wound. There they begin to reproduce and spread while using your body's food and nutrients to give them energy to help them reproduce.

Extremophiles 
Some bacteria are extremophiles. Some microbes thrive inside rocks up to 580 meters below the sea floor under 2.6 kilometers of ocean off the Pacific Northwest of the United States. According to one of the researchers, "You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are."

Viruses 
Viruses were the first and are the most serious enemies of bacteria. Everywhere bacteria are, they get attacked by viruses. The viruses which attack bacteria are called bacteriophages.
Something is now known about how bacteria protect themselves against viruses. Some bacteria and most archaea have CRISPR–Cas systems as an adaptive defence against viruses. These keep sections of viral DNA. These are used to target and destroy later infections by the virus. The process is similar to RNA interference.

History of their classification 
All modern ideas start with the sequence analysis of DNA and RNA. In 1987, Carl Woese, the forerunner of the molecular phylogeny revolution, divided bacteria into 11 divisions based on 16S ribosomal RNA (SSU) sequences:
Proteobacteria: Purple bacteria and their relatives
Alpha subdivision: purple non-sulfur bacteria, rhizobacteria, Agrobacterium, Bartonella, Rickettsiae, Nitrobacter)
Beta subdivision: (Rhodocyclus, (some) Thiobacillus, Alcaligenes, Spirillum, Nitrosovibrio
Gamma subdivision: enterics, fluorescent pseudomonads, purple sulfur bacteria, Legionella, (some) Beggiatoa
Delta subdivision: Sulfur and sulfate reducers (Desulfovibrio), Myxobacteria, Bdellovibrio
Gram-positive Eubacteria
High-G+C species - Actinobacteria (Actinomyces, Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, Micrococcus, Bifidobacterium)
Low-G+C species - Firmicutes (Clostridium, Peptococcus, Bacillus, Mycoplasma)
Photosynthetic species (Heliobacterium)
Species with gram-negative walls (Megasphaera, Sporomusa)
Cyanobacteria and chloroplasts (Aphanocapsa, Oscillatoria, Nostoc, Synechococcus, Gleoebacter, Prochloron)
 Spirochaetes and relatives
Spirochetes (Spirochaeta, Treponema, Borrelia)
Leptospiras (Leptospira, Leptonema)
Green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobium, Chloroherpeton)
 Bacteroides, Flavobacteria and relatives
Bacteroides (Bacteroides, Fusobacterium)
Flavobacterium group (Flavobacterium, Cytophaga, Saprospira, Flexibacter)
Planctomyces and relatives
Planctomyces group (Planctomyces, Pasteuria)
Thermophiles (Isocystis pallida)
 Chlamydiae (Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia trachomatis)
 Radioresistant micrococci and relatives
Deinococcus group (Deinococcus radiodurans)
Thermophiles (Thermus aquaticus)
Green non-sulfur bacteria and relatives
Chloroflexus group (Chloroflexus, Herpetosiphon)
Thermomicrobium group (Thermomicrobium roseum)
 Thermotogae
Related pages 

 Antibiotics
 Enterococcus
 Mycoplasma
 Microorganism
 Archaea
 Virus

References 

 
Prokaryotes
Horizontal gene transfer
Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas is one of the video games for the Grand Theft Auto game series. It was made by Rockstar Games. The game came out on the PlayStation 2 first and later on Xbox and PC. In this game, the player can do whatever they want, including hitting or killing people, damaging cars and properties and such violent things. That's one reason why the game is so famous. So in the U.S. and Canada it was rated mature (17+) by the ESRB.
The PlayStation 2 version became available on the PlayStation Network for PlayStation 4 on 5 December 2015.
Gameplay 
It is set in third-person which means the player can see the person (in this case it is CJ) on the screen. He is controlled using the left and right analog sticks on the PlayStation 2 controller. CJ is the character who is used to play with and he can perform different moves. These are shooting, kicking/punching, jumping, crouching, and even swimming. He can attack other people by either using hand-to-hand combat or shooting them. Sometimes, the attacked person may fight back and try to kill the player. He can get into a nearby vehicle or steal one from another person if it is being driven. If the police see CJ doing crimes, however, they will chase him and try to stop him. If CJ gets caught by the police he loses all of his weapons and some money and he will appear at the nearest police station (the same happens when the player dies, except he appears at a hospital instead). If CJ loses his weapons, he can buy weapons from different gun shops (although he must pay for them).
Driving 
CJ can drive all sorts of vehicles. He can fly planes, drive cars sail boats and now a jet pack which was not in the previous games. In some vehicles that have hydraulics (where the car 'hops') the analog sticks can be used. If 'nitrous' have been put on (by using a nearby garage) he can drive at incredible speeds which are a lot faster than normal driving. It is also possible to drive around with go-karts or tractors, which was not possible in the previous games; but these vehicles are quite slow and more for fun than for travelling around the map. The player has to be careful, however, not to damage the vehicle too much, because then it might explode, killing or hurting CJ, and causing the vehicle to be useless. Vehicles can also be destroyed by hitting, shooting, setting the vehicle on fire, or driving it into water.
Multiplayer  
San Andreas Multiplayer and Multi Theft Auto, often shortened to SA-MP and MTA respectively, are popular multiplayer edits of the original game San Andreas. They have thousands of servers online and runs game servers.

Radio stations 
Like previous games in the series, Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas has many radio stations that play songs. The player can listen to these radio stations when in most vehicles, or also from the "options" menu. The radio stations also have DJs and commercials to make them more realistic. There is even a talk radio station, where the player can listen to news within the game and entertainment programs. These radio stations include:

K-DST (Classic rock), Playback FM (Old school Hip-Hop), K-Rose (Country), Bounce FM (Funk), K-Jah West (Reggae and dub), Master Sounds 98.3 (Rare groove, jazz), CSR 103.9 (New Jack Swing), Radio Los Santos (Gangsta Rap), SF-UR (House), and WCTR (News & entertainment).

Plot
Plot 

Carl "CJ" Johnson comes back to Los Santos, San Andreas in 1992 for his mother's funeral after living in Liberty City for five years since 1987. On his return to the neighborhood, a couple of corrupt cops frame him for the death of a police officer. CJ is forced on a journey that takes him across the entire state of San Andreas, to save his family and to take control of the streets.

References

PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 3 games
Windows games
Xbox games
Xbox 360 games
2004 video games
Grand Theft Auto
San Andreas may mean:

 San Andreas Fault, the 1000 km fault
 San Andreas, California, a place in the United States
 Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, a video game for PlayStation 2, PC and Xbox
Barry Switzer (born October 5, 1937 in Crossett, Arkansas, USA) was an American football coach. He coached both professional and college football for 32 years. Switzer is one of only three head coaches to win both a college football national championship and a Super Bowl. He has one of the highest winning percentages in the history of college football.
 
After high school, Switzer went to the University of Arkansas. He played football there from 1956 to 1960. After graduation, Switzer join the US Army for a short time. After the Army, he returned to the University of Arkansas to work as an assistant coach. 

After the 1966 season, Switzer became an assistant coach at the University of Oklahoma. He became head coach there in 1973. During his first two years as head coach, Oklahoma did not lose any games and won the national championship two time. They won the championship a third time in 1985. Switzer left Oklahoma in 1989. His record there was 157 wins, 29 losses and 4 ties.
In 1994, Switzer became the coach for the Dallas Cowboys. He led them to a win in Super Bowl XXX during the 1995 season. Switzer retired from coaching after the following season.

In 2001, Switzer was elected into the College Football Hall of Fame. On September 9, 2007, he began working with the FOX television network on its NFL pre-game show.

References 

1937 births
Living people
American football coaches
Sportspeople from Arkansas
National Football League coaches
College football coaches
A constant is something that does not change. Constants (numbers) are used in maths and computer programming.

An important fact to remember in calculus is that the derivative of a constant is always zero.

Related pages
Variable

Mathematics
Computer science
Poker is a game which people play with a normal set (or deck) of 52 cards.  Poker is a gambling game which involves some luck, but also some skill.  In poker, players make bets against each other depending on the value of their poker hand. Bets are usually made with plastic or ceramic discs called chips.  Bets may also be made with coins or cash, but chips are more often used because they are easier to handle and count. At the end of the game, players may swap their chips for money. If the players are not playing for real money, the chips are counted at the end of the game to determine the order of winners.

There are many different kinds of poker. In draw poker, each player is dealt five cards.  A player can decide to throw away a number of these cards and then take (draw) new cards to replace them.
In stud poker (for example, seven-card stud), some of each player's cards are laid (face-up) on the table so that the other players can see them.   In community card poker (for example, Texas hold 'em), players share some of their cards in the center of the table.

History