Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Medford is a city in Taylor County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2010 census, 4,326 people lived there. Memford is the county seat of Taylor County. The city is mostly in the boundaries of the Town of Medford.

Geography 
The city has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  is water. There are over 4,000 people in the city of Medford.

Notable people 
 Jeane Dixon, psychic
 Erny Pinckert, American football player
 Steve Russ, Denver Broncos Linebacker

References

Other websites
City of Medford, Wisconsin official site
Medford Chamber of Commerce
“Carnegie Libraries: The Future Made Bright”, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
Medford Area Public School District Webpage 
Holy Rosary Catholic School Webpage 
Immanuel Lutheran School Web Site

Cities in Wisconsin
Taylor County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of 2000, 117,493 people lived there. Its county seat is West Bend.

Geography

The county has a total area of . Of this,  is land and  (1.16%) is water.

Cities and villages

Towns

Unincorporated communities  
Ackerville
Addison
Allenton
Aurora
Boltonville
Cedar Creek
Cedar Lake
Cheeseville
Colgate
Diefenbach Corners
Fillmore
Hubertus
Kirchhayn
Kohlsville
Mayfield
Myra
Nenno
Nabob
Orchard Grove
Pike Lake
Pleasant Hill
Rockfield
Rugby Junction
Saint Anthony
Saint Lawrence
Saint Michaels
Thompson
Victory Center
Wayne
Young America

References

Other websites
General
Washington County official website
Washington County Convention & Visitors Bureau
History
Washington County, Wisconsin: Past and Present 1912
History of Washington and Ozaukee Counties, Wisconsin 1881 (alternate version)
Washington County Histories at the Wisconsin Historical Society
East China Normal University or ECNU, is a public research university in Shanghai. It is regarded as one of the most prestigious universities in China and is sponsored by the national programs "Project 211" and "Project 985".

References

Other websites 

Home Page   
Official Facebook page 
Campus Tour  
Global Education Center/International Students Office, ECNU  
NYU Shanghai  

Shanghai
Colleges and universities in the People's Republic of China
1951 establishments in Asia
1950s establishments in China
All Growed Up was a telefilm and VHS episode of the Nickelodeon animated series Rugrats. It was made to celebrate the series' 10th anniversary. It was made in July 21, 1999 and aired on July 21, 2001. It is about the Rugrats being 6 years older and going to school in September 1998. The episode led to a spin-off show called All Grown Up! which also aired on Nickelodeon.

Overview 
Tommy is 9 years old, Dil is 8 years old, Angelica, Susie (Angelica's best friend) and Chuckie (former boyfriend of 18 year old Nicole) a 11 years old, Harold, Phil and Lil and Kimi are 10 years old, and Samantha (who was in Tommy's gang and Chuckie's love interest and Angelica's best friend) is 14 years old in this episode. Singing Emica was voiced by Bets Malone, Singing Tommy was voiced by Stacy Ferguson and Singing Angelica was voiced by Olivia Hack.

Rugrats
2001 television episodes
The Rugrats Movie is the first Nickelodeon Rugrats movie. It is about Tommy, the main character, getting a new baby brother named Dil. Tommy is jealous because Dil gets the most attention. Tommy and friends try to return Dil to the hospital in their toy Reptar wagon and manage to get lost in the forest.

References

1999 movies
1999 animated movies
Paramount movies
Rugrats
On January 15, 2013, it was announced that horse meat was found in several meat products in England and Ireland.  The horse meat was discovered through DNA testing. In most cases, horse meat was used only as a filler, but in the United Kingdom, items labeled as beef were found to have as much as 100% horse meat. Later it was discovered that horse meat was being sold as beef all over Europe, and nearly every meat seller in Europe was affected. So far, no horse meat labeled as beef has been found outside Europe.

References

Horse meat scandal
Horses
Meat
2010s in the Republic of Ireland
Scandals
Waseda University is a well known university in Japan. The main campus is in Shinjuku, Tokyo. It was founded in 1882. Waseda thirty-six departments: thirteen undergraduate schools and twenty-three graduate schools. As of May 2016, there were 42,860 undergraduate students and 8,269 graduate students.  It is called  in Japanese.

History
Ōkuma Shigenobu started this school in 1882. It started with departments of political science and economics, law, and physical science. There was also an English language course where all students could learn English.

Much of the campus was destroyed in the fire bombings of Tokyo during World War II, but the university was rebuilt and reopened by 1949.

Campus
 Campus  Station

Waseda University's main campus is in Nishi-Waseda, Shinjuku. The nearest station is Waseda Station, but nearby Takadanobaba Station on the Yamanote Line is the main access to the university.
Waseda also has other campuses around the country:
 Waseda (Main) Campus: Shinjuku, Tokyo
 Toyama Campus: Shinjuku, Tokyo
 Nishi-Waseda Campus: Shinjuku, Tokyo
 Nihonbashi Campus: Chūō-ku, Tokyo
 Higashifushimi Campus: Nishitōkyō, Tokyo
 Tokorozawa Campus: Tokorozawa, Saitama
 Honjō Campus: Honjō, Saitama
 Kitakyūshū Campus: Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka

Organization

Undergraduate Faculties and Departments

Graduate Faculties and Departments

Research Centers

Other Programs

Associations

F-Campus
This group of five universities in Tokyo started in 2001. Students from these universities may take courses at the other universities in the group. The members are:
 Gakushuin University
 Gakushuin Women's University
 Japan Womens University
 Rikkyo University
 Waseda University

International Associations
Waseda is a member of:
 Universitas 21
 Association of Pacific Rim Universities

People
People

Alumni
Many famous and influential people have graduated from Waseda including:
 Yasuo Fukuda
 Haruki Murakami
 Makiko Tanaka
 Shinichi Oishi - mathematician
 Tadashi Yanai
 Miori Shimosaka - professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in.

Former Professors
 Ryogo Hirota

References

Related pages
 Waseda University Honjo Senior High School
 Waseda Shibuya Senior High School
 Waseda Jitsugyo
 Waseda University Go Club

Other websites

Waseda

 
Colleges and universities in Tokyo
1882 establishments
1880s establishments in Japan
Ramsgate is a seaside town in the district of Thanet in Kent. It has a population of around 40,000. The town relies mainly on tourism and fishing for growth. The town has one of the largest marinas on the English south coast.

Other websitess

 Ramsgate Town Council 

Ramsgate
Frederick Brennan Karl (May 14, 1924 – March 7, 2013) was an American politician, writer, and lawyer. He served in the Florida House of Representatives, Florida State Senate, and Florida Supreme Court.

Karl was born on May 14, 1924 in Daytona Beach, Florida. He studied at Seabreeze High School, at the University of Florida, and at Stetson University College of Law.

Karl was married to Faye Brooker Karl from 1948 until their divorce in June of 1971. They had four children. He married Mercedes Jensen Proctor in August of 1971.  Karl had suffered heart disease, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes. Karl died on March 7, 2013 from heart disease in his home in Tampa, Florida, aged 88.

References

Other websites

1924 births
2013 deaths
Lawyers from Florida
People from Daytona Beach, Florida
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Politicians from Florida
University of Florida alumni
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Writers from Florida
Jaime Bayly Letts (born February 19, 1965) is a Peruvian writer and journalist. He is known for hosting his own Spanish host show called Bayly. He is known for criticizing many politicians throughout the world. He won three Emmy Awards. 

Bayly was born on February 19, 1965 in Lima, Peru. He was raised in Lima and in Florida. He studied at Markham College, at Colegio San Agustín of Lima, and at Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru. Bayly was married to Sandra Masías from 1993 until they divorced in 1997. He married Silvia Nuñez del Arco in 2011. He now lives in Miami, Florida.

References

Other websites
 Jaime Bayly in NTN24 from Bogotá, Colombia - November 2009 

1965 births
Living people
Peruvian journalists
Television news anchors
Writers from Lima
Emmy Award winners
John Owen Brennan (born September 22, 1955) is an American politician. He was the Director of the National Counterterrorism Center from August 2004 through August 2005. Then he was United States Homeland Security Advisor from January 2009 through March 2013. He became the director of the Central Intelligence Agency on March 8, 2013.

Brennan was born on September 22, 1955 in North Bergen, New Jersey to an Irish-American family. He studied at Fordham University and at the University of Texas at Austin. Brennan is currently married to Kathy Pokluda. He now lives in Washington, D.C..

References

Other websites

 
 
  
 
 
 

 

1955 births
Living people
Directors of the Central Intelligence Agency
Politicians from New Jersey
Marvic Castelo Sotto, commonly known as Vic Sotto and Bossing, is a Filipino actor, TV host, comedian, and film producer. He is known for working for Eat Bulaga!.

Biography
He was born on April 28, 1954, to Marcelino Ojeda Sotto and Dr. Herminia Castelo. He went to at Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He is the brother of Marcelino Antonio "Maru" Sotto, Jr., Vicente "Tito" Sotto, and Valmar "Val" Sotto.

In 1982, Sotto, together with co-hosts in Eat Bulaga!, Richie D Horsie and Joey De Leon, were accused of rape by Pepsi Paloma, a 16-year old actress. The case was not filed in court after the three apologized publicly on national TV.

Sotto has done sitcoms and television shows on the three major networks in the Philippines, ABS-CBN, GMA Network and TV5. He has mostly done shows for GMA Network.

References

Other websites

Living people
Actors from Manila
1954 births
Filipino television presenters
ABS-CBN is a television network in the Philippines owned and operated by ABS-CBN Corporation. It is the country's largest and leading television network with an advertising revenues amounted to PHP17.5 billion for 2011. It was launched on 23 October 1953 and is among the first commercial television networks in Asia. Its headquarters is in Quezon City.

Related pages
Radio Philippines Network
People's Television Network
Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation
Philippine Broadcasting Service
Public broadcasting
Animated series
Media
Documentary film
News broadcasting
Commercial broadcasting
Tablet phone
Television set
Boombox
Radio receiver
Video game console
Desktop computer
Government
Grand Theft Auto clone
Racing game
Vehicle simulation game
Legislature broadcaster
Leaf blower
Campus radio

Notes

References

Other websites
Official website
1953 establishments in Asia
1972 disestablishments
1986 establishments
2020 disestablishments
Television networks in the Philippines
Quezon City
20th-century establishments in the Philippines
James Lindenberg (December 20, 1921 – April 28, 2009) is an American entrepreneur. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He is called "The Father of Philippine Television" for founding the Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC).

References

1921 births
2009 deaths
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh
, also spelled Chikugo, is a Japanese town in Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyushu.
 
The Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station is at Chikujo.

References

Other websites 

Chikujō town website 

Towns in Fukuoka Prefecture
The Price is Right was an Australian television game show. It aired in various forms from 1981 to 2012. It was based on the American game show of the same name.

Gameplay
Gameplay

Like the American version, people used their shopping skills to correctly guess the price of products. Some products were household items such as toothpaste. Others were expensive prizes such as trips and cars. Unique to the Australian version were two elements:
The two Showcase Showdown winners played the "Showcase Playoff." Here, they tried to guess the price of the Showcase to the dollar. At the start, the prizes in the showcase were shown. Then, the players would be given a $100 range (for example, if the Showcase price was $35,591, they would be given a range of $35,500 to $35,600). The two players bid back and forth until one correctly guessed the price of the showcase. For each incorrect guess, the host said if the guess was higher or lower than the actual price.
The winner of the Showcase Playoff moved to the Showcase. They had to order the prizes from least expensive to most expensive. If they had the prizes in the correct order, they won the showcase.
Starting in 2004, the Showcase was sometimes known as the "Mega Showcase." The showcase would be worth between $500,000 and $600,000. Before the price of the last prize was shown, the player would be offered a cash value of $1,000-$50,000 to quit if they wanted to. On 3 March 2005, a $664,667 showcase was won. At the time, this was the biggest win in the history of the The Price is Right franchise.

Show history
The show began as The New Price is Right in 1981, where it was hosted by Ian Turpie. He hosted from 1981 to 1986, and again when the show was revived in 1989. From 1981 to 1986, the show aired on Seven Network. When it came back in 1989, it aired on Network Ten. When the show came back in 1993, Larry Edmur became the host. He hosted three versions from 1993 to 2012. The first two versions, one from 1993 to 1998 and the second from 2003 to 2005, aired on Nine Network. The most recent version aired in 2012 on Seven Network.

Television game shows
English-language television programs
Centro Escolar University is a private university in the Philippines.

Colleges and universities in the Philippines
Valenzuela is a city in the Philippines. It is made up of 33 barangays.

Cities in the Philippines
Metro Manila
Stephen Hillenburg (August 21, 1961 – November 26, 2018) was an American marine biologist, animator, writer, producer, actor, voice actor, and director. He was best known for creating the Nickelodeon animated series SpongeBob SquarePants.

Hillenburg was born in Lawton, Oklahoma at a United States Army base. He was raised in Anaheim, California. He studied at Humboldt State University where he majored in marine biology and minored in arts. Hillenburg was inspired by Jacques Cousteau and Max Fleischer. Hillenburg had a wife named Karen Umland (now named Karen Hillenburg), which he married till his death.

In March 2017, Hillenburg was diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) which is a terminal illness that affects the nervous system. He died from heart failure as a complication of the disease on November 26, 2018 in San Marino, California at the age of 57. He is still credited as an executive producer after his death.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1961 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in California
American animators
American television producers
American television writers
American television actors
American voice actors
American television directors
American biologists
People from Lawton, Oklahoma
Actors from Oklahoma
Scientists from Oklahoma
Writers from Oklahoma
People from Anaheim, California
Actors from California
Scientists from California
Writers from California
Marine biologists
An animation director is the director of an animated film responsible particularly in the aspects of the animation process during the production.

Animation
Filmmakers
Late Show with David Letterman was an American late-night talk show. It was hosted by David Letterman. It was on CBS. The show was on the air from August 30, 1993 until May 20, 2015. The show has won many Emmy Awards and TCA Awards.

The band of the show, known as the "CBS Orchestra," was led by Paul Shaffer, who before joining the Late Show was on the TV show Saturday Night Live. The announcer was Bill Wendell from 1993 until he retired in 1995. Alan Kalter started announcing in 1995 and did so until the show ended. The show has had many guests including political figures, athletes, writers, actors, directors/producers, and singers.

There were many well-known episodes such when President Barack Obama was interviewed. Madonna cursed many times during an interview on the show. That episode was one of the most censored episodes in American television history. During David Letterman's birthday, actress Drew Barrymore jumped on Letterman's desk and showed him her breasts.
On April 3, 2014, Letterman announced that he would leave the show in 2015. The last episode of the show aired on May 20, 2015. The Late Show with Stephen Colbert came after this, with Stephen Colbert as host. That show's first episode was on September 8, 2015.

References

Other websites

1993 American television series debuts
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American comedy television series
American television talk shows
CBS network shows
Emmy Award winning programs
English-language television programs
Daniel Kingsley “Dan” Povenmire (born September 18, 1963) is an American TV director, writer, TV producer, storyboard artist and actor. He is best known as the co-creator of the Disney animated series Phineas and Ferb. Povenmire also co-created the spin-off Milo Murphy’s Law and created its spin-off Hamster and Gretel.

References

Other websites
Dan Povenmire on YouTube

1963 births
Living people
Actors from San Diego, California
Writers from San Diego, California
American animators
American television directors
American television writers
American television producers
American voice actors
Paul Allen Wood Shaffer (born November 28, 1949) is a Canadian-American musician, actor, author, composer, entertainer, and comedian. He is known being the composer for the CBS Orchestra and being the sidekick of David Letterman on the Late Show with David Letterman.

Shaffer was born on November 28, 1949 in Toronto, and raised in Fort William (now part of Thunder Bay), Ontario, Canada, to a Jewish family. He studied at the University of Toronto. Shaffer married Cathy Vasapoli in 1990. They have two children. He now lives in New York City, New York.

References

Other websites

Paul Shaffer Bio at CBS – Late Show
Late Show UK fansite

Paul Shaffer at NNDB
1949 births
Living people
Canadian voice actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian musical entertainers
Canadian comedians
Writers from Ontario
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American television personalities
American voice actors
American television actors
American musical entertainers 
Comedians from New York City
Writers from New York City
American composers
Actors from Ontario
People from Thunder Bay
University of Toronto alumni
Daylily is the common name of a Hemerocallis. Daylily flowers can have different colors and shapes. The flowers are popular around gardener groups because they are easy to grow and can be easily mutated.
The name Hemerocallis comes from the Greek words ἡμέρα (hēmera) "day" and καλός (kalos) "beautiful". The name suggest that this flower will bloom only for one day, as in H. fulva, also called ditch lily.
The flowers of some daylilies can be eaten and are used in the Chinese kitchen. They are sold in Asian markets as gum jum or golden needles (金针 in Chinese; pinyin: jīnzhēn) or yellow flower vegetables (黃花菜 in Chinese; pinyin: huánghuācài).

References

Asparagales
Flowers
A general contractor is usually a person working on construction sites, management of venues, and communication and information.
The general contractor is employed by the company who pays him for completed work.
In UK and countries of commonwealth term Contractor is used to call any person that work for company on fixed term contract rather than regular employment. Advantages of such form of employment is better pay and flexibility for contractor and no employment protection which allows company to terminate contract immediately.

References

Construction occupations
A personal injury lawyer is a lawyer who provides services to people that claim to have been injured, badly treated or exposed to unnecessary danger by another person, company or organization, and want to get compensation for the injuries that they suffered as a result. Injury may be to a person's body, mental health, property, or reputation. The lawyer may have special knowledge of health, work and safety laws that relate to the injured person's claim.

This type of claim is a civil legal matter, a type of tort involving a dispute between two or more people. The lawyerwill represent the client by trying to negotiate a settlement of the injury claim, through which an agreed amount of compensation is given to the injured party to resolve their claim.
The lawyer may file a lawsuit on behalf of the injured person. If the case does not settle after a lawsuit is filed, the injury claim will be decided by a court. If the court finds that the injured person suffered a wrongful injury, the court may order the person who caused the injury to pay compensation.

Each country has its own rules and exams that you need to pass to be allowed to work as a lawyer.

Car Accident Lawyer: Every Car Accident Lawyer, Who is also a Personal Injury Lawyer suggests some DO’s and Don’t after a Car accident. These are the requirements that help any Car Accident Lawyer to help you better. Some times In a Car accident injuries may be severe and emotions high.

References

Law occupations
Maryland Heights is a city in the eastern part of the state of Missouri. It is west of St. Louis. The city was officially incorporated in 1985.

Cities in Missouri
1985 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Missouri
Chinua Achebe (born Albert Chinụalụmọgụ Achebe, 16 November 1930 – 22 March 2013) was a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor, and critic. He was best known for writing the novel Things Fall Apart which was first printed in 1958. It is the most widely read book in modern African literature. Achebe went to Nigeria's first university, University College. Achebe wrote his first short story, "In a Village Church," at university.

Life 
Achebe was an Igbo man. The Igbo are one of the biggest tribes in Nigeria. His parents were Christians. They gave him the English name Albert. His full Igbo name is "Chinualumogu," which means "may God fight on my behalf."
University 
Achebe went to University College in Ibadan to study medicine on a scholarship, but then decided to study English, history, and theology after reading a book written by a white man that made Nigerians and Africans look bad. He wanted to tell the world stories that did not make Africans look bad. Because he switched his field of study, he lost his scholarship.

Writing style 
Achebe's writing style is based on how the Igbo tell stories orally (by word of mouth). The Igbo did not write down their stories before Europeans came to Africa. His stories use a lot of folk tales, songs, and proverbs. The characters in his book also make long speeches.

Use of the English language 
Many other African writers criticized Achebe for writing in English instead of in an African language. They said that by using the colonizer's language, he was spreading neo-colonial ideas that were preventing progress in Africa.
Achebe said that writing in English let everyone in Nigeria read in one language. Before colonization, the different tribes spoke different languages. He also said that writing in English allowed for people in other countries read his stories. However, he says that there are many African concepts and words that cannot be fully expressed in English.

Achebe wrote in English but used it in ways that reflected an African style.

Themes 
His themes were about the African culture and how harmonious they are

Culture and colonialism 
In his writing, Achebe talks about African culture and the effects of European colonization on African societies.

Masculinity and Femininity 
Achebe's stories also talk about gender roles.

Influence 
Achebe has influenced many other modern African writers. He got a lot of awards for his stories. Even to this day, people still talk about him and the stories he wrote.

References
References

1930 births
2013 deaths
Nigerian writers
Recipients of the Nigerian National Order of Merit Award
People from Anambra State
The birthday cake is part of birthday celebrations in European countries since 19th century. 

The tradition of adding candles to the top of a birthday cake spread widely among rich people in Germany during the 15th century. Ηowever, the actual concept of a round cake and 'making a wish' that we now associate to birthdays goes back to Ancient Greece. These ancient predecessors of the modern birthday cakes served as offerings to Artemis, Greek goddess of the moon and of hunting, Artemis. They were meant to carry the wishes of the people into the temple. The roundness of the cakes symbolized the shape of the moon itself.  It is suggested that the cakes were decorated with lit candles in order to make them glow like the moon. 

This was later adapted and took different forms and formed as the basis for our birthday cakes tradition today. There have also been reports of some forms of birthday cakes and such celebrating linked to the ancient Rome.
Often good wishes are written on the cake using sugar or chocolate. Since long times birthday cakes were a sign of wealth, but in the 20th century they became easily accessible to most people. Around the world many types of the birthday cake are used often looking more like candies and combined sweets. Before the cake is eaten, the person whose birthday it is should make a wish, blow out the candles in one try - this would guarantee that the wish will come true.

References

Gallery 

Cakes
Birthdays
Miscegenation () is the mixing of different racial groups with marriage, relationship, sexual relations, and procreation.
The word miscegenation has been used since the 19th century. It is often the name given to describe interracial marriage, interracial dating and interracial sex. In the past, it has been used to describe the study of human race mixtures.  

Today, the use of the phrase is considered outdated and offensive.

References

Race
Marriage
The Tagalog Wikipedia is the Tagalog version of the online encyclopedia, Wikipedia. It was started on December 1, 2003. In 2011, it had reached over 50,000 articles.

It is 68th largest edition by article count.

It has over 51,000 articles and is the 51st largest Wikipedia according to the number of articles as of May 31, 2011.

References

Other websites
wikt:en:Category:Tagalog language
oldwikisource:Category:Tagalog

Wikipedias
Websites established in 2003
WikiPilipinas was an online, free content website. It is a combination "non-academic encyclopedia", web portal, directory and almanac for Philippine-based knowledge. It mostly contains various articles on Philippine-related topics. It was known before as Wikipiniana.

Other websites
Official website 

Free encyclopedias
MediaWiki websites
2007 establishments
An almanac is a type of reference that is published yearly. It includes information about weather forecasts, farmers' planting dates and tide tables. Information about astronomy are also found in almanacs, such as the times of the rising and setting of the sun and moon, eclipses, hours of full tide, stated festivals of churches, terms of courts, lists of all types, timelines, sports, and more. It can also be used to tell time, and is pocket sized. The first almanac was invented in 1457.

Reference works
Isurus, commonly known as the mako sharks, is a genus of fast-swimming sharks in the family Lamnidae. They are in fact the fastest-swimming shark. This is in the same family as the great white shark. Isurus ranges in length from , and can grow to about . The genus has a long fossil history.

There are two living species in this genus: the common shortfin mako shark and the rare longfin mako shark.

Species

Shortfin mako shark 
The shortfin mako shark, as the name suggests, has smaller pectoral fins to the Longfin mako shark. The shortfin mako shark also has smaller eyes. It is smaller than the Longfin mako shark, reaching a maximum length of 3.8 metres, but weighs more, with the heaviest shortfin mako shark found weighing 506 kg (1116 pounds).
The shortfin mako has a wide distribution, being found in tropical and temperate waters throughout the world's oceans. It is a true pelagic species, but it inhabits the cooler, deeper water of tropical regions. The shortfin mako shark has been recorded at depths of up to 740 metres.  

The shortfin mako is the fastest species of shark known, reaching speeds of up to 32 km/h (20 mph),  and with bursts of up to . Its great speed helps it to capture other fast swimming animals on which it preys. The shortfin mako shark feeds on pelagic fish such as swordfish, tunas, and other sharks, as well as squid.   The shortfin mako holds the record for the longest distance travel: about  in 37 days. This is an average of about  per day. 

Shortfin mako often leap in sets of three. The third leap is usually the highest. It can reach as high as  above the surface. This high-leaping fish is a highly sought-after game fish worldwide. There are cases when an angry shortfin jumped into a boat after it was hooked.
Longfin mako shark 
The longfin mako shark has longer pectoral fins and larger eyes than the shortfin shark. It is longer than the shortfin, reaching a maximum length of 4.2 metres. However, it weighs less than the shortfin, weighing up to only 70 kg (154 pounds).

The longfin mako is a pelagic species, and is found in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Ocean. It is common in the western Atlantic and central Pacific, but elsewhere it is rare. It is thought to be a bottom-dwelling shark, living in tropical and warm temperate waters, but this is uncertain.

Not a lot is known about the Longfin mako shark's feeding habits, but it is thought to feed on schooling fish and pelagic cephalopods.

References

Sharks
Ryan Thomas Gosling (born November 12, 1980) is a Canadian actor, director, musician and writer. He is known for his roles in The Notebook, in Half Nelson, The Big Short, La La Land, and Blade Runner 2049. He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award.

Early and personal life 

Gosling was born on November 12, 1980 in London, Ontario, Canada. He studied at Cornwall Collegiate, at the Vocational School, and at the Lester B. Pearson High School. He now lives in Los Angeles, California.

References

Other websites

 

1980 births
Living people
Canadian movie actors
Musicians from Ontario
Canadian movie producers
Canadian stage actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Writers from Ontario
People from London, Ontario
The Pilbara is a large, thinly populated region in the north of Western Australia. In 2010, the region had a population of about 48,600.

Pilbara is known for Aboriginal peoples, its stunning landscapes, its red earth and its vast mineral deposits, in particular iron ore. It is a dry region, but it has cyclones every year or two. The cyclones bring a great deal of rain when they do occur.

The area is known for its petroleum, natural gas and iron ore deposits, which make up much of the economy of Western Australia. Other than mining, pastoral activities as well as fishing and tourism are the main industries.

The Pilbara covers an area of . It includes some of Earth's oldest rock formations in the Pilbara craton. This is one of the world's oldest undisturbed rock formations, dating back to the Archaean eon. It includes landscapes of coastal plains and mountain ranges with cliffs and gorges. The major settlements of the region are Port Hedland, Karratha and Newman.
The Pilbara includes the two of the largest national parks in Australia:
Karlamilyi National Park
Karijini National Park

References 

Geography of Western Australia
Archaean
Regions of Australia
The 2000 UEFA Cup semi-final violence was a number of fights in Istanbul, Turkey between fans of English football team Leeds United and Turkish team, Galatasaray before their UEFA Cup semi-final first leg. It is noted for the deaths of two Leeds fans.

Events 
The events happened at 21:00 in Istanbul's Taksim Square during a fight between Leeds fans and Galatasaray fans the day before their UEFA Cup semi-final first leg at Galatasaray's Ali Sami Yen Stadium in Istanbul on 6 April 2000.
Leeds fans had been reportedly taunting people from local bars, to which the Turkish police were called in to stop fights breaking out. There were reports that a Galatasaray fan had run to a nearby phone box to call for help when he saw Leeds fans coming into the area. A large number of Galatasaray fans, reportedly part of a gang called "The Night Watchmen", entered the area soon after which led to a fight between the two sets of fans which led to the two Leeds fans being stabbed. Police arrested Ali Umit Demir and three other men for the stabbings.  

It was not clear how the fight started with reports of the fight either being started by Leeds fans throwing beer glasses at Galatasaray fans and being rude about the Turkish flag or being started by Galatasaray fans throwing chairs or attacking Leeds fans with knives.

Sources 

2000 in association football
Murder in the 2000s
2000s riots
UEFA
Istanbul
2000 crimes
Louis Sebastian Theroux (born 20 May 1970) is an English-American broadcaster. He is best known for his investigative series such as When Louis Met, Louis Theroux's Weird Weekends, Louis Theroux's BBC Two Specials.

Theroux was born in Singapore and is a dual citizen. He moved to London when he was a year old. He was educated at Westminster School and Magdalen College, Oxford where he gained a degree in history. In 2013, he moved to Los Angeles. Theroux's mother is British; his father is American writer Paul Theroux.

He is an atheist.

References

Other websites 

1970 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
American atheists
American television personalities
American television producers
American television writers
English atheists
English television producers
English television writers
People educated at Westminster School, London
Television personalities from London
Writers from London
A barangay is a local term for an administrative division in the Philippines. It is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines. As of 2011, it is recorded that there are a total of 42,026 barangays throughout the Philippines.

References

Political subdivisions
The ariary (Ar; ISO 4217 code MGA) is the currency of Madagascar. It is equal to 5 iraimbilanja. The ariary is one of only two non-decimal currencies currently being used. The other is the Mauritanian ouguiya.

The names ariary and iraimbilanja come from earlier currency. Ariary was the name for a silver dollar. Iraimbilanja means "one iron weight". It was the name of an old coin worth ⅕ of an ariary.

History
The ariary was first used in 1961. It was equal to 5 Malagasy francs. Coins and banknotes were printed in both francs and ariary. The  sub-unit of the ariary, the iraimbilanja, was worth ⅕ of an ariary. Because of this, it was equal to one franc. The ariary replaced the franc as the official currency of Madagascar on January 1, 2005.

References

Madagascar
Currency of Africa
The Manila Bulletin is a broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines. It is the largest newspaper by circulation in the Philippines. It was founded in 1900 as a shipping journal and it is also the second-oldest Philippine newspaper, following The Manila Times. It was previously known as Manila Daily Bulletin and as the Bulletin Today.

References

Other websites
Official website

National newspapers published in the Philippines
1900 establishments
20th-century establishments in the Philippines
1900s establishments in Asia
A broadsheet is a format of a newspaper. It is characterized by long vertical pages measuring 22 inches / 560 millimetres or more. The term "broadsheet" was derived from types of popular prints usually just of a single sheet, sold on the streets and containing various types of material, from ballads to political satire.

Newspaper publishing
The Manila Times is a broadsheet newspaper in the Philippines.  It is the oldest Philippine newspaper company that was founded on 1898.

References

Other websites
Official website
The Manila Times College

National newspapers published in the Philippines
1898 establishments in Asia
19th-century establishments in the Philippines
Sigma Team is a Russian video game company. It was founded in the year 2003. The headquarters of the company is in Novosibirsk  and its office will be in Tyumen. Their first game, Alien Shooter was an arcade action game with RPG elements.

List of games created by Sigma Team
Alien Shooter (2003)
 Crazy Lunch (2004)
 Alien Shooter: Fight for Life (2004)
 Alien Shooter: The Experiment (2005)
 Alien Shooter: Vengeance (2007)
 Zombie Shooter (2007)
 Chaks Temple (2007)
 Alien Shooter 2: Reloaded (2008)
 Theseus - Return of the Hero (2008)
 Zombie Shooter 2 (2009)
 Alien Shooter: Revisited (2010)
 Alien Shooter 2: Conscription (2010)
 Alien Hallway (2011)
 I am Weapon (2011)
 Alien Shooter: The Beginning (2013) [remake of the PC version]
 Alien Shooter (2013) [for mobile]
 Alien Shooter Free - Isometric Invasion (2013) [for mobile]
 Alien Shooter: Lost City (2014) [for mobile]
 Alien Shooter: TD (2017) 
 Alien Hallway 2 (2017)
 Alien Shooter 2: The Legend (2020) [PC/Mobile]
 Alien Shooter: Last Hope (2020) [PC/Mobile]
 Alien Shooter 2: Reloaded (2020) [for mobile]
 Alien Shooter 2: New Era (2022)

References

Other websites
 Official Sigma Team Company Site
Video game companies of Europe
Technology companies of Russia
2003 establishments in Asia
2003 establishments in Europe
2000s establishments in Russia
Novosibirsk
Henri-Louis Bergson (18 October 1859 - 4 January 1941), was a French philosopher.

Bergson convinced many thinkers that the processes of immediate experience and intuition are more significant than abstract rationalism and science for understanding reality.

Life
He was born on the Rue Lamartine in Paris, France. His mother, Katherine Levison, was of English and Irish Jewish descent. His father, the pianist Michał Bergson, was of Polish Jewish descent. 

His early childhood was spent mostly in London after his birth. He learned the English language from his mother. He returned to Paris when he was nine years old, and became a naturalized French citizen.
He attended the Lycée Fontanes in Paris from 1868 to 1878. There he was given the 1877 prize for school mathematics, for the solution of a mathematical problem. When he was nineteen, he studied at École Normale Supérieure (ENS). He read many philosophy books, especially Herbert Spencer.

He was given the 1927 Nobel Prize in Literature.
In 4 January 1941, Bergson died in occupied Paris from bronchitis.

Books 
1889: Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience
1896: Matière et mémoire
1900: Le Rire
1907: L'Évolution créatrice
1919: L'Énergie spirituelle
1932: Les Deux sources de la morale et de la religion
1934: La pensée et le mouvant

References

Other websites 
Works by Henri Bergson Open Library at the Internet Archive

1859 births
1941 deaths
19th-century French philosophers
20th-century French philosophers
Continental philosophers
Infectious disease deaths in France
Deaths from bronchitis
French Nobel Prize winners
Jewish French academics
Jewish French scientists
Jewish French writers
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Jewish philosophers
Scientists from Paris
Caroline Lee Radziwiłł (née Bouvier'; March 3, 1933 – February 15, 2019) was an American socialite. She was the younger sister of former US First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis.

Life

Radziwill was born Caroline Lee Bouvier at Doctors Hospital in New York, New She was the second daughter of wealthy stockbroker John Vernou Bouvier III and Janet Norton Lee. Her older sister was Jacqueline Lee Bouvier (1929-1994), future First Lady of the United States. She also had a step-sister and a step-brother, Janet (1945-1985) and James Auchincloss (b. 1947). They were the children of her mother by her second husband Hugh D. Auchincloss.

She has been known as "Lee" since childhood. Like her older sister, she was educated at selective schools for high society girls. She graduated from Miss Porter's in 1951.
Radziwill married three times. Her first husband was Michael Canfield, a publishing executive. They married on April 18, 1953, and moved to London, England. They divorced in 1958. She married Prince Stanislas Radziwill on March 19, 1959. They had two children; Anthony (1959-1999) and Christina (b. 1960). They divorced in 1974. She then moved back to the United States, where she married film director Herbert Ross, on September 23, 1988. They divorced in 2001 shortly before Ross's death.

In March 1962, Radziwill went with her sister Jacqueline Kennedy, then First Lady, on a goodwill tour of India and Pakistan.

In the 1960s, Radziwill tried a career as an actress. She was unsuccessful. She later tried interior decoration with some success.

Her son Anthony died of cancer in August 1999, one month after the death in a plane crash of her nephew John F. Kennedy Jr..

She lived in Paris, France. Radziwill died on February 15, 2019 in New York City, aged 85.

References
References

1933 births
2019 deaths
Businesspeople from New York City
American socialites
The NH90 is a European military helicopter. It is built by NH Industries, a company of four countries (France,  Germany, Italy, and Netherlands). It is a stealth technology helicopter. It can do transport. It can also attack submarines with torpedoes.

In France it is called Caïman (in English Caiman) by the French Army and French Navy. The Italian Navy call it SH-90. It first flew in December 1995.

Similar aircraft 
 Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk.

Bibliography

References 

Helicopters
Italian military aircraft
Netherlands
Aviation in France
German military aircraft
1995 establishments in Europe
The Chase is a British television game show that airs on ITV. It started on 29 June 2009. It is presented by Bradley Walsh. So far, it has run for thirteen series.

Gameplay
Four players work together as a team. At the start, each player takes a turn in answering as many questions as they can in 60 seconds. Each correct answer is worth £1,000. This money goes into the player's bank. After all four players have their turn, they then take turns going against the "Chaser."

The Chase
At the start, the player's money goes on a sloped board. The board has seven spaces. The player starts three spaces ahead of the Chaser. The Chaser then offers two amounts: one higher than their bank, and one lower than their bank. For example, if the player won £6,000, the Chaser might offer £12,000 as the high amount and £3,000 as the low amount. If the player takes the high amount, their head start is lowered to two spaces. If they take the low amount, their head start is increased to four spaces.
After the player decides on what to do, the player and the Chaser are both asked the same multiple-choice question. They both lock in their answers at the same time. If one answers and the other does not do so at the same time, a five-second time limit is given for the one that did not answer. If the player answers correctly, they move one space closer to the bottom of the board. If the Chaser answers correctly, they move one space closer to "catching" the player. If an incorrect answer is given by either, they stay where they are on the board.

If the player reaches the end of the board, their amount is added to the team bank. However, if the Chaser catches the player, the player is out of the game, and their bank is lost. This is done three more times with the other three players. The players still in the game move on to the Final Chase. If all four players are caught, their bank is set to £4,000, and they must choose one player to play the Final Chase.
The Final Chase
The player(s) still in the game face the Chaser to win their prize money. They start with a one-step head start for each player in the Final Chase. They then have two minutes to answer as many questions as they can. Each correct answer gives them another step. After their time ends, the Chaser is given two minutes to catch the player(s). If the Chaser does not catch them, the player(s) win their prize money. If the Chaser does catch them, the player(s) leave with nothing.

In the celebrity version, the format is exactly the same but the celebrities are competing for charity money. Even if the Chaser wins, they are each given £1000 for their charity.

Spin-offs

The Celebrity Chase 
In the celebrity version, the format is exactly the same but the celebrities are competing for charity money. Even if the Chaser wins, they are each given £1000 for their charity.

Beat the Chasers 
This version gives a player an opportunity to face all of the Chasers at once in a cash-builder round.
Chasers 
Each Chaser is given their own nickname for dramatic purposes.

 The Beast (2009-present)
 The Dark Destroyer (2009-present)
 The Governess (2010-present)
 The Sinnerman (2011-present)
 The Vixon (2015-present)
 The Menace (2020-present)

Other websites
The Chase on ITV's website 
The Chase on UKGameshows.com

2009 British television series debuts
2000s British television series
2010s British television series
ITV game shows
English-language television programs
Albert Bruce Sabin (August 26, 1906 – March 3, 1993) was a Polish-born American medical researcher best known for having developed an oral polio vaccine. He received many awards and honors including the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Early life
Sabin was born Albert Saperstein on August 26, 1906 in Białystok, Russian Empire (now Poland). He was of Jewish descent. He was raised in New York City, New York and in Paterson, New Jersey. He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1930 and changed his last name to Sabin. Sabin studied at Paterson High School and at New York University.

Marriages
He was married to Sylvia Tregillus from 1935 until her death in 1966. Then he was married to Jane Warner from 1967 until they divorced in 1971. Then he was married to Heloisa Dunshee de Abranches from 1972 until his death in 1993. He had two daughters with Tregillus.
Death
Sabin died on March 3, 1993 in his home in Washington, D.C. from heart failure, aged 86. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia.

Honors
 Election to the Polio Hall of Fame, which was  dedicated in Warm Springs, Georgia, on January 2, 1958.
National Medal of Science (1970) 
Presidential Medal of Freedom (1986)
In 1999, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center named its new education and conference center for Sabin.
On March 6, 2006, the US Postal Service issued an 87¢ postage stamp carrying his image, in its Distinguished Americans series.
In early 2010, Sabin was proposed by the Ohio Historical Society as a finalist in a statewide vote for inclusion in Statuary Hall at the United States Capitol.
In 2012, Albert Sabin was named a "Great Ohioan" by the Capitol Square Foundation.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Dr. Albert Sabin's Discovery of the Oral Polio Vaccine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
 Obituary, NY Times, March 4, 1993
 Sabin Vaccine Institute
 Hauck Center for the Albert B. Sabin Archives, University of Cincinnati
 The Albert B. Sabin Digitization Project Blog, University of Cincinnati
 The Albert B. Sabin Archives Digital Collection, University of Cincinnati
 The Finding Aid for the Albert B. Sabin Papers, University of Cincinnati

1906 births
1993 deaths
American physicians
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Deaths from heart failure
Jewish American academics
Jewish American scientists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish Jews
Scientists from New Jersey
Scientists from New York City
Vaccinologists
American virologists
People from Paterson, New Jersey
Educators from New Jersey
Educators from New York City