Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira (UNET)
     Universidad de los Andes (ULA)
     Universidad Católica del Táchira (UCAT)
     Universidad Nacional Experimental de las Fuerzas Amadas (UNEFA)
     Universidad Nacional Abierta (UNA)
     Instituto Universitario Politecnico Santiago Mariño
     Instituto Universitario Antonio Jose de Sucre
     Instituto Universitario Monseñor Talavera
     Instituto Universitario Jesus Enrique Lozada

Climate 

The weather in San Cristobal is tropical; the temperatures are between 19℃ and 28℃ (66 °F and 83 °F). San Cristobal is characterized has two seasons: summer and spring. The temperatures between those two seasons do not change a lot. However, there is more rain in the spring than in the summer.

Political Divisions 
 Parroquia San Juan Bautista
 Parroquia La Concordia
 Parroquia Pedro María Morantes
 Parroquia San Sebastián
 Parroquia Francisco Romero Lobo

Sports
Sports

The Deportivo Táchira Fútbol Club was founded in 1974 by Gaetano Greco. The Stadium of the Deportivo Tachira is located in the north side of San Cristobal, and it is called Polideportivo de Pueblo Nuevo, and it has a capacity for 38,755 people.

Famous Citizens 
 Rafael de Nogales Méndez, soldier and writer.
 Isaías Medina Angarita, served in the military and former president of Venezuela.
 Manuel Felipe Rugeles, poet and journalist.
 Luis Felipe Ramón y Rivera, folklorist and musician.
 Francisco Arias Cárdenas, Former Governor of Zulia State, Presidential Candidate and Representat of Venezuela at the UN.
 Veruska Tatiana Ramírez, model and former Miss Venezuela.
 Giancarlo Maldonado, footballer.
 Tomas Rincon, footballer.
 Édgar Ramírez, actor.

Notes 
1.Parroquia is a section of the city.

References

Other websites 
Official website 

Cities in Venezuela
Capitals of Venezuelan states
1560s establishments in South America
Táchira
1561 establishments
Elizabeth Jane Hurley (born 10 June 1965) is a British actress and model. She was born in Basingstoke, Hampshire. She played Vanessa Kensington in Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery and Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me. She played the Devil in Bedazzled.  She currently owns her own beachwear line.  Hurley has been with the cosmetics company Estée Lauder for over 15 years.  They gave Hurley her first modelling job at the age of 29.

Filmography

 Theatre

 The Cherry Orchard – A Jubilee (Russian & Soviet Arts Festival)
 The Man Most Likely To (Middle East tour)

 Documentary film

 Signé Chanel (2005) ... Herself
 Valentino: The Last Emperor (2008) ... Herself

Other websites 

Fashion Model Directory

References

Actors from Hampshire
English businesspeople
English models
English movie actors
English movie producers
English television actors
English television presenters
People from Basingstoke
1965 births
Living people
Sledgehammer Games is an American video game developer. It was founded in 2009 by Glen Schofield and Michael Condrey, who worked at Visceral Games and have been an important of the Dead Space franchise development.

History 
Sledgehammer Games began to work on a  Call of Duty third-person shooter in 2009, which would have changed the series dramatically: they planned to turn it into an adventure game. But when Jason West and Vince Zampella, and many other employees from left Infinity Ward in spring 2010, Activision stopped the developement of that new game. Instead, they asked Sledgehammer Games to work with Infinity Ward to develop Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 together. Sledgehammer Games had spent six months working on the Call of Duty third-person shooter before they began working with Infinity Ward. In October 2011, Sledgehammer Games have said that they will likely cancel the third-person shooter development, but will maybe continue developing in the future.
Reception 
Sledgehammer's first title, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, sold 6.8 million copies in the US and UK alone and grossed $470 million within 24 hours. It grossed more than $775 million globally in the first 5 days. Modern Warfare 3 also topped the UK video game sales chart in the first seven days. By November 21, 2011, the game was the bestselling title in the United Kingdom, sales dropping by 87%. Modern Warfare 3 was still the top spot on the UK charts in the third and fourth week. The PS3 version of Modern Warfare 3 also topped the Japanese chart in its first week on sale. The PS3 version sold 180,372 copies, while the Xbox 360 version sold around 30,000.

Games

References

Other websites 
 
 Call of Duty website
 Activision website

American video game companies
Companies based in California
2009 establishments in California
The degree of Technicien aéronautique d'exploitation (TAE, in English aeronautical operations Technician) was created in 2011. It is recognized by CNCP, and recorded level IV in the nomenclature des niveaux de formation (levels of training). The training is organized by the French Civil Aviation University.

History 
The TAE course started in 1962. It was originally named « Agent d'Exploitation » (Handling Agent / Flight Dispatcher). The new name was introduced in November 2010.

Training 
The training is in seven months in Toulouse or, since September 2012, on the Aerocampus » of Latresne. The curriculum propose, in substantially equal parts, general lessons of aeronautics and practical lessons : air navigation, telecommunications and aeronautical information, aircraft flight mechanics, navigation, avionics, meteorology, air operations, air law, English, ....
Occupations 
The Technicien aéronautique d'exploitation is responsible for the flight preparation and flight planning, passengers, freight management and pricing. he works for an airline or an airport.

Related pages 
 Technicien supérieur de l'aviation

References

Further reading 
 Ariane Gilotte, Jean-Philippe Husson et Cyril Lazerge, 50 ans d'Énac au service de l'aviation, Édition S.E.E.P.P, 1999
 ENAC TAE course 

Occupations in aviation
French Civil Aviation University
Aviation licenses and certifications
The 6th G7 summit  was a meeting in 1980 for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The international group of leaders were together in Italy on June 22-23. The meetings were held in Venice.

History
The Venice summit of the Group of Seven (G7) was the 6th meeting in a series which began in 1976.  

This was the first G7 summit hosted by Italy.

The G8 and the summit are part of a consultation process.  The G8 is not an international organization. It is an informal group.

Participants
The participants were the "core members" of the group:

Japanese Prime Minister Masayoshi Ohira had a fatal heart attack only 10 days before the summit.  The Foreign Minister led the Japanese delegation.

Overview
The G7 leaders agreed to work together to break the link between oil consumption and economic growth.  Medium- and long-term policies were identified as important issues.

Related pages
 G8
 List of G8 summits

References
References

Other websites
 University of Toronto: G8 Information Centre
 Parliament.uk, Graphic shows G8 in context 

06
Venice
1980 in Italy
The Meghna River is an important river in Bangladesh.  It is one of the three that forms the Ganges delta.  This delta is the largest on earth. The river meets Padma River in Chandpur District. The river ends in the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District.

Major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari River, Gumti River, and Feni River. The river's average depth is . The maximum depth is .

The Meghna is the widest river of those that are completely inside Bangladesh. At one point near Bhola, Meghna is 12 km wide. In its lower parts this river follows almost a straight line. Despite its very calm and quiet look, this river is the cause of many deaths every year. Several ferry sinkings in the past have killed hundreds.  Near Chandpur it is very dangerous.

References

Other websites

Rivers of Bangladesh
Jatiya Sangsad or National Assembly is the national parliament of Bangladesh. The current parliament of Bangladesh has 345 seats. This includes 45 seats held for women.  People who are in the Jatiya Sangsad are called Members of Parliament or MPs. The last 9th National Parliamentary Election was held on December 29, 2008.  Normally elections are every five years.

The leader of the party that has most of seats is the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. The President of Bangladesh, who is the ceremonial head of state, is picked by Parliament.

The parliament itself meets in the Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban.  The current majority party is the Bangladesh Awami League.

Members of Parliament must be citizens of only Bangladesh and above the age of 25.

Past parliamentary election results

References

Politics of Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Government agencies of Bangladesh
Unicameral legislatures
The Independence Day of Bangladesh is a national holiday. It commemorates the country's declaration of independence from Pakistan. It is celebrated on March 26 each year.

Independence Day is commonly associated with parades, political speeches,fairs,concerts,and ceremonies to celebrate the history and traditions of Bangladesh.

The Independence Day Award is the highest state award given by the Government of Bangladesh.

References

Bangladeshi culture
History of Bangladesh
National days
Bangladesh telephone numbers use a calling code of +880.

Numbering plan 

Telephone numbers
Bangladesh
The Charyapada is a collection of 8th-12th century Vajrayana Buddhist caryagiti.  They are mystical poems from the tantric tradition in eastern India. The Charyapada were meant to be sung. 

A manuscript of this anthology was found in the early 20th century. It shows early examples of the Assamese, Oriya, Maithili and Bengali languages. The writers of the Charyapada belonged to the various regions of Assam, Bengal, Orissa and Bihar. A Tibetan translation of the Charyapada was also kept in the Tibetan Buddhist canon.

References

Poetry
Buddhist texts
8th-century works
Michael Madhusudan Dutt, or Michael Madhusudan Dutta, (25 January 1824 – 29 June 1873) was Bengali poet and dramatist.  He was the first great poet of modern Bangla literature. He was educated at the Hindu College, Kolkata. In 1843, he became a Christian. He was born in Sagordari, a village in Keshobpur Upozila, Jessore District, East Bengal (now in Bangladesh). He was a pioneer of Bengali drama. His famous work Meghnad Badh Kavya, is a tragic Novel, centring round the heroic figure of Indrajit, Ravan's son. It has nine cantos and is exceptional in Bengali literature both in terms of style and content. He also wrote poems about the sorrows and pains of love as spoken by women.  

From an early age, Dutt wanted to be an Englishman in form and manner. In later life, he regretted his attraction to England and the Occident.  He wrote lovingly of his homeland in his poems and sonnets from this period.
His early writings were in English, but they were unsuccessful. He turned, reluctantly at first, to Bengali. His main works, written mostly between 1858 and 1862, include prose drama, long narrative poems, and lyrics. His first play, Sarmistha (1858), was well received. His poetical works are Tilottamasambhab (1860), a narrative poem on the story of Sunda and Upasunda; Meghnad Badh (1861), his most important piece, an epic on the Rāmāyaṇa theme; Brajangana (1861), a cycle of lyrics on the Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa theme; and Birangana (1862), a set of 21 epistolary poems on the model of Ovid’s Heroides. 

Dutt is widely said to be one of the greatest poets in Bengali literature.  He is the father of the Bengali sonnet. He was the first to make what came to be called amitrakshar chhanda (blank verse). Dutt died in Kolkata, India on 29 June 1873.

References

Other websites

Bangladeshi culture
Indian playwrights
Indian Christians
1824 births
1873 deaths
Kazi Nazrul Islam (24 May 1899–29 August 1976) was a Bengali poet, musician and revolutionary.  His nickname was "Rebel Poet". He was the first to make poems talking about intense spiritual rebellion against fascism and oppression. Nazrul is the national poet of Bangladesh. He is commemorated in India.
Life
He was born into a Muslim family in India, Nazrul received religious education.  He worked as a muezzin at a local mosque. He learned of poetry, drama, and literature while working with theatrical groups. After being in the British Indian Army, Nazrul made himself a journalist in Kolkata (then Calcutta). He was against the British Raj in India.  He talked about revolution through his poetic works.  Some examples are "Bidrohi" ("The Rebel") and "Bhangar Gaan" ("The Song of Destruction"), as well as his publication "Dhumketu" ("The Comet"). His work in the Indian independence movement often led to going to jail by British authorities. While in prison, Nazrul wrote the "Rajbandir Jabanbandi" ("Deposition of a Political Prisoner").
Writings
Nazrul's writings are about themes such as love, freedom, and revolution.  He was against all bigotry, including religious and gender.  Throughout his career, Nazrul wrote short stories, novels, and essays but is best known for his poems.  He started new forms such as Bengali ghazals. Nazrul wrote and composed music for his nearly 4,000 songs. The are collectively known as Complete Works of Kazi Nazrul Islam, which are widely popular today. At the age of 43 (in 1942) he began suffering from an unknown disease.  He was losing his voice and memory. It is often said, the reason was slow poisoning by British Government. He lived alone for many years. Invited by the Government of Bangladesh, Nazrul and his family moved to Dhaka in 1972.  He died four years later.

References

Other websites

20th-century philosophers
Indian revolutionaries
1899 births
1976 deaths
National symbols of Bangladesh
Bangladeshi poets
Bangla Academy Literary Award winners
Recipients of the Ekushey Padak
Bangladeshi Muslims
Ektara (literally "one-string", also called iktar, ', yaktaro gopichand') is a one-string instrument.  It is most often used in traditional music from Bangladesh, India , Egypt, and Pakistan.

The ektara was a regular string instrument of wandering bards and minstrels from India.  It is plucked with one finger. The ektara usually has a stretched single string.  An animal skin is over a head made of dried pumpkin/gourd, wood or coconut.  The neck is a pole or split bamboo cane. 

Pressing the two halves of the neck together loosens the string.  This lowers its pants. The sound can be changed many ways by slight changes in pressure.  

The various sizes of ektara are soprano, tenor, and bass. The bass ektara, sometimes called a dotara'' often has two strings.

Other websites

Folk instruments
Plucked string instruments
Biryani, biriani, beryani or beriani is an Indian dish that comes in set of rice-based foods made with spices, rice (usually basmati) and meat, fish, eggs or vegetables. The name comes from the Persian word beryā(n) which means "fried" or "roasted". 

The cooking method of biryani came from Iran. It was brought to the Indian subcontinent by Iranian travelers and merchants. In India, the recipe of biryani developed to its current form. Local variants of this dish are popular not only in South Asia but also in Bangladesh, Southeast Asia, Arabia, and within various South Asian communities in Western countries.
Ingredients
The spices and condiments used in biryani may include, but are not limited to, ghee, nutmeg, mace, cumin, pepper, cloves, cardamom, cinnamon, bay leaves, coriander, mint leaves, ginger, onions, and garlic. The premium varieties include saffron. For a non-vegetarian biryani, the main ingredient with the spices is the meat—beef, chicken, goat, lamb, fish or shrimp. The dish may be served with dahi chutney or raita, korma, curry, a sour dish of eggplant (brinjal), boiled egg and salad.

Biryani and pullao are different. In biryani the rice (plain or fried) is cooked separately from the thick sauce (curry of meat or vegetables). The curry and the rice are then brought together and layered.  This makes a dish with contrasting flavors of rice, sauce and meat or vegetables.

References

Other websites

Persian food
Indian food
Rice dishes
Vesākha or Vesak is a holy day.  It is observed traditionally by Buddhists in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and the South East Asian countries of Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Burma, and Indonesia.  Sometimes it is called "Buddha's Birthday". It is basically Buddha's birthday and actually includes the birth, enlightenment (nirvāna), and passing away (Parinirvāna) of Gautama Buddha.

The exact date of Vesākha varies according to the lunar calendars used in different traditions. In Theravada countries following the Buddhist calendar, it falls on a full moon Uposatha day.  This is typically in the 5th or 6th lunar month. Vesākha Day in China is on the eighth of the fourth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. The date varies from year to year in the Western Gregorian calendar.  It usually falls in April or May. In leap years Vesākha is celebrated in June.

References

Buddhism
Festivals in Asia
Religious festivals
Pôhela Boishakh (Bengali New Year) is the first day of the Bengali calendar. It is on 14 April in Bangladesh and 15 April in other places. The holiday is celebrated in Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal.  It is also celebrated in Bengali communities in the other Indian states like Assam, Tripura, Jharkhand and Odisha and all over India as well where the Bengali community is. It is the same day as the New Year's Days of many Southern Asian calendars.

In Bangladesh, it is a national holiday .

In Bengali, Pohela means ‘first’. Baisakh is the first month of the Bengali calendar. 

Boishakhi fairs are held in many parts of the country. Various agricultural products, traditional handicrafts, toys, cosmetics, as well as various kinds of food and sweets are sold at these fairs. The fairs also provide entertainment, with singers and dancers. They present folk songs.  Among other attractions of these fairs are puppet shows and merry-go-rounds.

References

Other websites
Other websites

Festivals in Asia
Bangladeshi culture
West Bengal
The magpie-robins or shamas are medium-sized  birds.  They mostly eat insects.  Some also eat berries and other fruit.  They are in the genera Copsychus and Trichixos. They were used to be in the thrush family Turdidae.  They are now treated as part of the Old World flycatcher Muscicapidae.

These are African and Asian garden and forest dwelling species.

Species list:
 Madagascar Magpie-robin, Copsychus albospecularis
 Oriental Magpie-robin, Copsychus saularis
 White-rumped Shama, Copsychus malabaricus
 Seychelles Magpie-robin, Copsychus sechellarum
 White-browed Shama, Copsychus luzoniensis
 White-vented Shama, Copsychus niger
 Black Shama, Copsychus cebuensis
 Rufous-tailed Shama, Trichixos pyrropyga

References

Passeri
Juliette Binoche (born 9 March 1964) is a French actress. She was born in Paris. Her maternal grandparents were Poles. She won an Academy Award for her role in the movie Chocolat. She won a BAFTA Award for her role as Hana in The English Patient.

References

Other websites 

Academy Award winning actors 
Actors from Paris
BAFTA Award winning actors
French movie actors
1964 births
Living people
A scientific model is a simplified abstract view of a complex reality. Scientific models are used as a basis for scientific work. They can be used to explain, predict, and test, or to develop computer programs or mathematical equations.

An example of a complex model is the software used for weather forecasts. The program is based on equations for the variables which affect weather. Meteorological data is fed in, and the program produces predictions (graphs and data) of future weather patterns.

A scientific model represents complex objects, events, and physical processes in a logical way.

They are an image of an original, which can be a model itself. 
Scientific models only have those details of the object or image modeled that are relevant.
There is no strict mapping between a model, and the original object it models. Models may be valid only for a given  time interval, for a given object,  or for a given purpose.
Examples 
For instance, models of our universe are part of astrophysics - the biggest things in nature - and physics - the smallest. This is not usually what we mean by nature, however. We mean the models studied in biology, ecology, economics, environmental health and healing. Most models of nature are of things that humans really affect directly, and which affect humans back:

Toxic waste 
For instance, to dump toxic waste in a river will harm others down the river. But without models of nature we do not know who, and cannot say how much is harmed or harmful.

Effects 
Models of nature affect human decision-making. They are very important to human health, wellness and economics. They also matter in ethics, since most people wish to reduce harm done by their decisions. They matter in law because harms can be proven to have been done in a court.
Forests 
A forest is very hard to bring back to life, once it is degraded. Smaller models of bits of nature help to understand how much must be left, so future generations can use nature too.

Effects on nature 
In many ways humans and nature can be said to be in conflict. Natural capital like soil and large healthy trees, which nature needs to make more of itself, is also useful to humans as natural resources. To know how much can be drawn out of nature, before it dies, is important. This is another reason for a model:

There are three main ways in which models of nature affect human life:

The environment 
 Environment and wellness are about human health and healing and nutrition. These focus on 'what goes in' the human body or senses, and on how to extend lifespan and increase vitality. Human happiness depends on being part of something alive outside them, according to this view. Gardening for instance can make them happy, just by focusing them on growing and putting themselves outside.
Economics 
 Ecology and economics study resources, waste, energy, food and diet and how choices affect nature in many other places. These ideas say to focus on how to buy local, conserve energy, and to reduce, re-use, recycle goods, to reduce competition between humans. Human bodies are part of nature, according to this view, and must be seen as part of ecology - for instance the urban ecology of cities.
Ecology 
 Deep ecology and animal rights say nature should exist only for itself. Human morality should be about leaving it alone. This ideology says to focus only on working to conserve habitat, increase biodiversity, and buy moral to not help damage things. It says to do all this without any measurable direct benefit to humans, even themselves. Humans are more like caretakers in this view which is often part of religion. It puts ethical limits on the actions of scientists, for instance it argues against animal experiments or genetically modified food. It usually is seen as opposed to science, not part of it. Its models of nature are not usually accepted by most scientists, but they matter in politics.

Preservation 
To preserve nature, ecology movement activists now cooperate in a global power network. It includes not just parties in politics but also NGOs like Greenpeace, Earth First or World Wide Fund for Nature.
Effects on maps 
One model of nature they have agreed on is a map that shows ecoregions, which are the natural borders of ecology maps. According to this map, there are 867 regions divided into 8 ecozones - plus others which are in the ocean.

Effects on language 
Most anthropologists agree that aboriginal languages have a small model of local nature in them. For instance, there will be more words to describe snow in an Arctic language, and more words to describe shades of green in a rainforest. This is part of the reason to use ecology borders in politics, since people who do not live inside the border do not see or make the same distinctions about nature.

Effects on humans 
A very small number of people think that humans do not need nature at all, and can replace everything that it does. To prove them wrong, some economists made another model of nature:
Economists study nature's services to see how hard it would be to replace what nature does for humans. They showed in 1995 that the services nature performed for humans were more valuable than all services humans perform for each other all over the world. The value of Earth as a living thing was much more than we could ever afford to replace with our own technology. There has been no real disagreement about any of this.

Pricing all the value of Earth to humans gives a huge number - which proves the pricing is right, since, we must put a high price on anything we have no way to replace.

References 

 
Interdisciplinary fields
Reality
Skaði (sometimes anglicized as Skadi or Skathi) is the goddess of hunting, the wild, mountains, and skiing in Norse mythology. She was born a jötunn, daughter of the late Thjazi. She is the wife of Njörðr, whom she married as part of the compensation provided to her by the Æsir for killing her father. Her marriage to Njörðr was an unhappy one, however, ultimately ending in their separation, as Skaði then took the god Ullr (the stepson of Thor) for her lover. In addition to being Njörðr’s wife, Skaði is the stepmother of his twin children, Freyr and Freyja.

Marriage to Njörðr
The gods were celebrating their slaying of the giant (jötunn) Thjazi and the simultaneous return of the youth-giving goddess Iðunn when Skaði arrived, ready to avenge the death of Thjazi, her father. The gods were patient with the giantess, and convinced Skaði to ultimately accept a form of compensation instead of seeking vengeance. 

First, Odin took Thjazi’s eyes and cast them into the night sky, where they became stars.
Second, the gods were to make Skaði laugh. After many feats were tried, none succeeded in bringing a smile to the jötunn's face. At last, Loki tied one end of a rope to a goat and the other around his testicles as he began a game of tug of war with the creature. 

Each screeched and howled in turn, until at last Loki fell over into Skaði's lap. The giantess could not help but chuckle. Third, Skaði was to be given a god of her choosing in marriage, but she was to select him by the sight of his feet alone. She picked the fairest pair of feet she could see, thinking them to be those of Baldr. However, as it turned out, they were those of the sea god, Njörðr.

References

Norse gods and goddesses
Hawkeye may mean:

 Hawkeye, Iowa
 Iowa Hawkeyes
 Hawkeye (Marvel Comics)
Hawkeye is the name of two several fictional superheroes created by Marvel Comics. The first Hawkeye's real name is Clinton Francis "Clint" Barton and the second Hawkeye's real name is Katherine Elizabeth ''Kate'' Bishop. In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Hawkeye is portrayed both by Jeremy Renner and Hailee Steinfeld.

Clint Barton's fictional background

Biography

Appearance

Work

Relations

Powers 
None. As Goliath, Barton used gases designed by Hank Pym to grow to great heights, with appropriate increases in strength and toughness. (He could also use them to shrink to minuscule size.)

Abilities 
Ronin is a world-class archer and marksman. His above average reflexes and hand-eye-coordination make him the most proficient archer ever known. He is also trained to throw knifes, darts, balls, bolas and boomerangs. He is natural athlete. He is also formidable unarmed combatant, thanks largelymore

Kate Bishop's fictional background

Biography

Appearance

Work

Relations
Work

Relations

Powers 
None. Kate is a highly skilled at archery, fencing, swordmanship, jujitsu, gymnastics, boxing, and other forms of combat.

Abilitites 
She carries two battle staves similar to those once used by Mockingbird, a sword similar to the Swordsman's, as well as Clint Barton's bow and arrows. Black Panther has also supplied her with trick arrows.

Avengers (comics) characters
Marvel vs. Capcom fighters
A commercial pilot license (CPL), is a qualification that permits a person to be a pilot of an aircraft. It allows a person to be the pilot in command (Captain) of a single-pilot aircraft, or as co-pilot of a multi-pilot aircraft and be paid for this work.

Aviation licenses and certifications
The Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL) is the highest level of aviator qualification or license. Those certified as Airline Transport Pilots are authorized to act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft having a maximum weight over  or having over 9 passenger seats. 

Any pilot operating an aircraft for money must start by obtaining a Commercial pilot licence (CPL).

Theoretical subjects included for ATPL applicants are:
 Air law
 Aircraft General Knowledge
 Flight Planning and Monitoring
 Human Performance and Limitations
 Meteorology
 Operational Procedures
 Principles of Flight
 Communications
 Performance
 General Navigation 
 Radio Navigation 
 Instrumentation 
 Mass and Balance 

Aviation licenses and certifications
is a large Shinto shrine in Fushimi Kyoto, Japan.

It is the head shrine of Inari, the rice god. There are Inari shrines in many parts of Japan.  There may be more than 32,000 sub-shrines or .

History
Fushimi Inari-taisha has been associated with the emperors of Japan since the early Heian period.

From 1871 through 1946, it  was in the first rank of government supported shrines.

Gallery

References

Other websites

Fushimi Inari-taisha website 
Fushimi Inari-taisha images

Buildings and structures in Kyoto Prefecture
Shinto shrines in Kyoto
Kanpei-taisha
Myōjin Taisha
Twenty-Two Shrines
Taisha
The degree of Technicien supérieur de l'aviation (TSA, in ) was created in 2010 from the Technicien supérieur des études et de l'exploitation de l'aviation civile degree. It is recognized by CNCP, and recorder level III in the nomenclature des niveaux de formation (level of training). The degree is obtained after training at the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation university).

Related pages 
 Technicien supérieur des études et de l'exploitation de l'aviation civile (TSEEAC)
 Technicien supérieur de l'aviation (civilian) (TSA civil)

References

Further reading 
 Ariane Gilotte, Jean-Philippe Husson et Cyril Lazerge, 50 ans d'Énac au service de l'aviation, Édition S.E.E.P.P, 1999
 TSA training on ENAC website

Aviation licenses and certifications
Occupations in aviation
French Civil Aviation University
Air traffic control
An ectopic pregnancy is a when an embryo implants itself (sticks to somewhere) outside the uterus. In a normal pregnancy, the embryo implants (sticks) itself into the wall of the uterus.  The uterus is the only place in the body where an embryo can grow into a fetus.

Most ectopic pregnancies happen in a Fallopian tube (one of the two tubes that connect the ovaries and the uterus).  For this reason, ectopic pregnancies are often called tubal pregnancies.  Rarely, ectopic pregnancies can happen in an ovary or in the cervix.  

Ectopic pregnancies cannot become normal pregnancies, and will not result in a baby.  They can also cause serious health problems for the mother.

Risk Factors 
Risk factors (things that make a woman more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy) include:
 Having an ectopic pregnancy before
 Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
 Damage to the Fallopian tubes caused by surgery
 Fallopian tubes that are not a normal shape
 Getting pregnant after having a tubal ligation or while an IUD is in place.
Symptoms 
At first, there may be no symptoms.  A woman may not even know she is pregnant at this point.  Sometimes she might have pain in her pelvis, or bleeding from her vagina.

But once the embryo has grown for about 6 to 8 weeks, it gets large enough to make the Fallopian tube rupture (break open).  This is a medical emergency, and can kill a woman.

Once the Fallopian tube has ruptured, it will start to bleed into the abdomen.  Symptoms will include:
 Pain that starts very quickly and is very sharp.  The pain will be right above the pubic area, but only on one side at first.
 After a while, the pain will spread to the rest of the abdomen.  As the Fallopian tube bleeds, the blood irritates the rest of the abdomen and causes pain.
 Eventually, the woman can lose so much blood by bleeding into her abdomen that she can faint, go into shock, or die.
Diagnosis and Treatment 
A physician can do an exam of the pelvis to test for sensitivity and pain, to figure out if a woman has an ectopic pregnancy. There are also blood tests for the pregnancy hormone hCG. In a normal pregnancy, the hGC levels double every day.  Low levels are evidence of a problem, like an ectopic pregnancy. An ultrasound can also be used to see if the embryo is implanted in the uterus or not.

There are two main ways to treat an ectopic pregnancy if it is diagnosed before the Fallopian tube ruptures. The first is with the medicine methotrexate.  If it is given early enough, it can cause an abortion and end the pregnancy. The second is with a surgery called a laparoscopy (a surgery done with a laser).  The surgeon makes a small cut in the belly and removes the embryo. A laparoscopy is done after the first few weeks of the pregnancy.
Once the Fallopian tube ruptures, emergency surgery is needed to fix the broken Fallopian tube and remove the blood from inside the abdomen.  The patient may also needed to be treated for blood loss.

Results 
An ectopic pregnancy cannot become a baby. But it can have effects on future pregnancies and fertility. Because in an ectopic pregnancy the embryo usually grows in a Fallopian tube, the Fallopian tube can become damaged.  This makes it more likely for another embryo to get stuck there. The likeness of another ectopic pregnancy depends on the amount of damage to the Fallopian tube, and the health of the tubes. However, even after a ectopic pregnancy, it is entirely possible to have a normal pregnancy.

References 

Diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
was a  after Chōtoku and before Kankō.  This period started in January 999 and ended in July 1004.  The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Chōhō era
 999 (Chōhō 1, 11th month: A daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga becomes a consort of Emperor Ichijō.
 1001 (Chōhō 3, 11th month): The Imperial palace was destroyed by fire.
 1001 (Chōhō 3, 12th month): The widow of Emperor En'yū and the mother of Emperor Ichijō died.

Related pages 
 Heian period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
The Bangladesh national cricket team () is the national cricket team for Bangladesh. The rules are set by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). Bangladesh is a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) with Test and One Day International (ODI) status. It played its first Test match in 2000 against India in Dhaka.  Bangladesh was the tenth Test cricket playing nation.
As of April 2012, Bangladesh has played 73 Tests, winning only 3. Its first victory was against Zimbabwe. The other two were against a West Indian team crippled by a players' strike. Of the 63 matches it has lost, 35 were by an innings.  The team has been more successful in ODIs, having won 72 of its 262 matches. They have also played 18 Twenty20 Internationals, winning four.

Tournament history

Asian Test Championship
2001/02: First Round

Asia Cup
1984: Did not participate
1986: First Round
1988: First Round
1990/91: First Round
1995: First Round
1997: First Round
2000: First Round
2004: Second Round
2008: Second Round (Super Fours)
2010: First Round
2012: Finals

ACC Trophy
1996: Winners
1998: Winners
2000 onwards: Not eligible – Now an ICC full member

Austral-Asia Cup
1986: Did not participate
1990: First Round
1994: Did not participate

References

Cricket in Bangladesh
Cricket clubs
2000 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in Bangladesh
National sports teams of Bangladesh
The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup was the tenth Cricket World Cup. It was played in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. It was Bangladesh's first time co-hosting a World Cup.

All matches in the World Cup were given One Day International status.  All matches played had over 50 overs. Fourteen national cricket teams were in the tournament, including ten full members and four associate members. The World Cup was between 19 February and 2 April 2011. The first match played on 19 February 2011 was with co-hosts India and Bangladesh at the Sher-e-Bangla National Stadium in Dhaka.

India won the tournament defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final.  India was the first nation to win the Cricket World Cup final on home soil. India's Yuvraj Singh was made the man of the tournament.

List of qualified teams
The following 14 teams qualified for the final tournament.
Opening ceremony
The Opening Ceremony was in Bangladesh. The place for the opening ceremony was Bangabandhu National Stadium in Dhaka. The event took place on 17 February 2011, 2 days before the first match of the World Cup.

Venues
All the Indian stadiums for the 2011 World Cup were set. The venues of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka were picked in late October 2009. Two new stadiums in Sri Lanka were built for the 2011 World Cup. They are located in Kandy and Hambantota.

Umpires
The Umpire selection panel selected 18 umpires and a reserve umpire, Enamul Haque (Bangladesh). There were 5 from Australia, 6 from Asia, 3 from England, 2 from New Zealand and 1 each from South Africa and West Indies.

Australia
  Simon Taufel
  Steve Davis
  Rod Tucker
  Daryl Harper
  Bruce Oxenford

New Zealand
  Billy Bowden
  Tony Hill

South Africa
  Marais Erasmus

Pakistan
  Aleem Dar
  Asad Rauf
India
  Shavir Tarapore
  Amiesh Saheba

England
  Ian Gould
  Richard Kettleborough
  Nigel Llong
Sri Lanka
  Asoka de Silva
  Kumar Dharmasena

West Indies
  Billy Doctrove

2011 World Cup Final 
The 2011 World Cup final was played between India and Sri Lanka making it the first ever World Cup Final featuring two Asian teams. The highlight of the 2011 World Cup Final was Indian Captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni's innings that took India over the line making him one of the most respected Captains in cricket history.

References

2011 in sports
Cricket World Cup
Cricket in Bangladesh
2011 in Asia
2010s in Indian sport
2010s in Sri Lanka
2010s in Bangladesh
April 2011 events
March 2011 events
Kabaddi is a team sport from South Asia. 
Two teams are on opposite halves of a small field.  They take turns sending a "raider" into the other half. This is to win points by tackling members of the opposing team. Then the raider tries to return to their own half. They hold their breath and chant the word "Kabaddi" during the whole raid. The raider must not cross the lobby unless they touch any of their opponents. If they do not touch anyone then they will be "out". There is also a bonus line.  If the raider touches it and returns to their side of the field, they will get extra points. If the raider is not able to get back to their own side, then they are considered "out".  RV -4416
In the international team version of kabaddi, there are two teams of seven members and 4 are in substitution. Each is on opposite halves of a field of 10 m × 13 m in case of men and 8 m × 12 m in case of women. Each has three extra players held in reserve. The game is played with 20-minute halves.  There is a five-minute half-time break when the teams change sides.

Teams take turns sending a "raider" to the opposite team's half.  The goal is to tag or wrestle ("confine") members of the opposite team. Tagged members are "out" and temporarily sent off the field.

The goal of the defenders is to stop the raider from returning to the home side before taking a breath. If any of the seven players cross the lobby without touching the raider they will be declared "out".
The raider is sent off the field if:
 the raider takes a breath before returning or
 the raider crosses the boundary line or
 a part of the raider's body touches the ground outside the boundary (except during a struggle with an opposing team member).

Each time when a player is "out", the opposing team earns a point. A team scores a bonus of two points called a "lona". If the entire opposing team is declared "out". At the end of the game, the team with the most points wins.

Matches are based on age and weight. Six officials supervise a match: one referee, two umpires, a scorer and two assistant scorers.

the modernised version of Game was founded in Maharashtra. Kabaddi received International exposure in the 1937 Olympics, Demonstrated by India. The game was introduced in Indian Games in Calcutta 1938. Kabaddi is popularized by Sundar Ram of India in Japan, When he toured on behalf Asian Amateur Kabaddi Federation.
Kabaddi World Cup 
Men's World Cup 2004
The Kabaddi World Cup was first played in 2004.  It was played again in 2007,  2010 and 2016. So far India is the unbeaten champion in Kabaddi World Cup. Iran is the next most successful nation being twice runner-up. South Korea was the runner-up in 2010.

Women's World Cup
The Women's Kabaddi World Cup was first played in 2012 in Patna, Bihar, India. India won the championship defeating Iran in the finals gold.

Other websites

Team sports
Sport in Bangladesh
Sport in Iran
Sport in Pakistan
Sport in India
The following is a list of current, future, and (some) former Major League Baseball stadiums.

Current ballparks

American League
Angel Stadium of Anaheim - Los Angeles Angels
Comerica Park - Detroit Tigers
Fenway Park - Boston Red Sox
Globe Life Field - Texas Rangers
Guaranteed Rate Field - Chicago White Sox
Kauffman Stadium - Kansas City Royals
Minute Maid Park - Houston Astros
Oakland Alameda Coliseum - Oakland Athletics
Oriole Park at Camden Yards - Baltimore Orioles
Progressive Field - Cleveland Guardians
Rogers Centre - Toronto Blue Jays
T-Mobile Park - Seattle Mariners
Target Field - Minnesota Twins
Tropicana Field - Tampa Bay Rays
Yankee Stadium - New York Yankees
National League
American Family Field - Milwaukee Brewers
Busch Stadium - St. Louis Cardinals
Chase Field - Arizona Diamondbacks
Citi Field - New York Mets
Citizens Bank Park - Philadelphia Phillies
Coors Field - Colorado Rockies
Dodger Stadium - Los Angeles Dodgers
Great American Ball Park - Cincinnati Reds
LoanDepot Park - Miami Marlins
Nationals Park - Washington Nationals
Oracle Park - San Francisco Giants
Petco Park - San Diego Padres
PNC Park - Pittsburgh Pirates
Truist Park - Atlanta Braves
Wrigley Field - Chicago Cubs

Some former ballparks
Arlington Stadium - Texas Rangers
Astrodome - Houston Astros
Comiskey Park - Chicago White Sox
Globe Life Park in Arlington – Texas Rangers
Hard Rock Stadium – Miami Marlins (then known as Florida Marlins)
Jack Murphy Stadium - San Diego Padres
Kingdome - Seattle Mariners
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum - Los Angeles Dodgers
Memorial Stadium (Baltimore) - Baltimore Orioles
Metrodome - Minnesota Twins
Metropolitan Stadium - Minnesota Twins
Milwaukee County Stadium (Milwaukee) - Milwaukee Braves; Milwaukee Brewers
Polo Grounds - New York Giants; New York Yankees; New York Mets
Shea Stadium - New York Mets
West Side Park - Chicago Cubs
Wrigley Field (Los Angeles) - Los Angeles Angels
Yankee Stadium (1923) - New York Yankees

Related pages
Baseball park

Baseball lists
Lists of buildings in the United States
The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series. It ran from 1999 until 2007. The programe is based on the life of Italian American organized crime. The main character, Tony Soprano, is a New Jersey-based waste consultant who also is a member of American Mafia. Soprano is trying to battle the problems of his home life and his work life. In the first episode we meet the Soprano family, who seem to have an average American life. When Tony talks to his counsellor, we learn about his secret criminal based life.

The program and its actors won many awards. It was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series in every year it was able to. The Sopranos won at least one Emmy Award for acting in every eligible year except 2006 and 2007. In 2000 and 2001, The Sopranos earned two consecutive George Foster Peabody Awards.

Other websites
Other websites 

1999 American television series debuts
2007 American television series endings
1990s American drama television series
1990s crime television series
2000s American drama television series
2000s crime television series
American crime drama television series
Antisocial personality disorder in fiction
Emmy Award winning programs
Golden Globe Award winning programs
HBO television series
Peabody Award winners
Television series set in New Jersey
English-language television programs
was a   after Chōhō and before Chōwa.  This period started in July 1004 and ended in December 1012. The reigning emperors were  and .

Events of the Kankō Era
 17 March 1008 (Kankō 5, 8th day of the 2nd month): The former-Emperor Kazan died at the age of 41.
 16 July 1011 (Kankō 8, 13th day of the 6th month): In the 5th year of Emperor Ichijō's reign, he abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his cousin.   Soon after, Emperor Sanjō's role as monarch was confirmed in ceremonies (sokui).
 25 July 1011 (Kankō 8, 22nd day of the 6th month ): Former-Emperor Ichijo died at the age of 32.
 21 November 1011 (Kankō 8, 24th day of the 10th month):  Former-Emperor Reizei died at age 62.

Related pages 
 Heian period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
Carrom is a indoor tabletop game. It is between billiards and table shuffleboard. Carrom is known by many names around the world, including carrum, couronne, carum, karam, karom, karum, fatta (Punjabi) and finger billiards. The game was started in India. Formal rules for the game were not written until 1988. 

The game is played in many countries across the world.  It is played for fun and as a competitive sport. The competitive sport is organised by the International Carrom Federation. Carrom uses simple equipment which lets many people play. There is a version of the game that uses cue sticks (which is also known as pool).

There are two players or two teams. The time it takes to play a game changes with each game. It is a brain game. There are two pink colour billiards, nine black colour billiards and nine brown colour billiards. There are many carrom board manufacturers namely, Synco, Presice, Siscaa etc. These are the leading carrom brands in India. 

Games
Indoor sports
European Network for Accreditation of Engineering Education (ENAEE) authorises quality assurance and education accreditation agencies within the European higher education area, to award the EUR-ACE label to their accredited engineering degree programmes.

Agencies authorised to award the EUR-ACE label 
 FEANI - The European Federation of National Engineering Associations.
 ASIIN – Fachakkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften, der Informatik, der Naturwissenschaften, und der Mathematik e.V. Germany 
 CTI – Commission des titres d'ingénieur, France
 Engineering Council UK
 Engineers Ireland 
 Ordem dos Engenheiros, Portugal
 AEER – Association for Engineering Education in Russia.
 MÜDEK – Association for Evaluation and Accreditation of Engineering Programmes, Turkey

References

Qualifications
Educational organizations
European organizations
Angling is a way of fishing by means of an "angle" (fish hook). The hook is usually attached to a fishing line.  The line is often attached to a fishing rod. Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel.  The reel is used for storing, getting back and paying out the line. The hook itself can have lures or bait added to attract fish. 

Angling is the main method of sport fishing.  Some commercial fisheries also use angling. Catch and release fishing is done by more and more recreational fishermen. 

Fishing
Animal rights