Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
In 1998, after a very poor campaign, ending in 10th of 12 teams, the club was relegated to the Campeonato Baiano Second Division. In 1999, Fluminense de Feira competed in the Campeonato Baiano Second Division, ending the competition as runner-up, after a 1–1 home match draw, and a 0–0 away match draw against Colo-Colo of Ilhéus. The team gained promotion to the following year's Campeonato Baiano first division.

Achievements
Campeonato Baiano: 2
1963, 1969

Taça Estado da Bahia: 2
1998, 2009

Stadium

Fluminense de Feira's stadium is Estádio Joia da Princesa, built in 1953, with a maximum capacity of 16,274 people.

Symbols
The club is named after Fluminense Football Club of Rio de Janeiro city. Fluminense de Feira's kit, as well as the club logo, are very similar to the Rio de Janeiro's Fluminense ones. The club's nickname, Touro do Sertão, means Backland's Bull. Fluminense de Feira's mascot is a bull.

References
References

Other websites
 Official Site 
Fluminense de Feira at Aquivo de Clubes
Torcida Organizada Fluminantes

1940s establishments in Brazil
1941 establishments
Brazilian football clubs
Bahia
Orsinian Tales is a collection of eleven short stories by American writer Ursula K. Le Guin. Most of them happen in Le Guin's imaginary country called Orsinia.

Most of the stories do not share events or characters.  All the stories are emotional personal events. Many are romantic. Larger political events such as wars and revolutions are happening in all of the stories. Le Guin writes about each person's right to his or her own thoughts and emotions. In the stories, Le Guin shows that these emotions should not be controlled by society, rules, or the State.

Orsinia
The stories are set in a fictional country somewhere in Central Europe. Stories happen between 1150-1965. "Orsinia"is in Le Guin's earliest writings, Le Guin invented Orsinia when she was a young adult learning to write.  The names Orsinia and Ursula both come from the Latin word ursus meaning "bear" (ursula = diminutive of ursa "female bear"; ursinus = "bear-like"). Le Guin once said that since Orsinia was her own country it should have her name.
Contents 
"The Fountains"
"The Barrow" (1976, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, October 1976)
"Ile Forest"
"Conversations At Night"
"The Road East"
"Brothers and Sisters" (1976, The Little Magazine, Vol. 10, Nos. 1 & 2)
"A Week in the Country" (1976, The Little Magazine, Vol. 9, No. 4)
"An die Musik" (1961, The Western Humanities Review, Vol XV, No. 3)
"The House"
"The Lady of Moge"
"Imaginary Countries" (1973, The Harvard Advocate)

References
Notes

Bibliography

 

Short story collections
1987 books
Books by Ursula K. Le Guin
Sound Transit (ST), officially the Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority, is the public transit system in Seattle, Washington, United States. It covers Seattle and its neighboring cities with light rail trains, commuter trains, and buses. Sound Transit gets its money from sales tax, property tax, and a fee on license plate stickers ("car tabs").

References

Other websites 

 

1990s establishments in Washington (state)
1993 establishments in the United States
Rapid transit systems in the United States
Transport in Washington (state)
is a Japanese variety entertainer represented by Avilla.

Biography
Sakaguchi was born in Tokyo, She graduated from Shōtō Kindergarten, Seijo Gakuen Primary School, Seijo Gakuen Junior High School and High School, and Horikoshi High School.

Sakaguchi's mother is actress Ryoko Sakaguchi, her father was formerly a real estate company executive, her stepfather is the professional golfer Tateo Ozaki. She has a brother that is two years older than her. Her parents divorced on 1994, and she grew up with her mother.

Sakaguchi was a fan of Morning Musume and joined the entertainment industry in 2008. Her first leading film role was in Honey Flappers in 2014.

She became an adult video actress, releasing her first video in October 2016. Sakaguchi began stripping in June 2018, and began working as a hostess.

Filmography

Adult Video

TV series

Dramas

Radio series

Films

References
Films

References

Other websites
 – MUTEKI official website specializing in entertainers 
 – Wayback Machine 
 – Ameba Blog (June 27, 2008 – December 21, 2015) 
 – GREE (January 19, 2010 – May 12, 2011) 

1991 births
Living people
People from Tokyo
Japanese entertainers
A social conservative is someone who supports right-wing politics on social issues. Examples of such issues are: opposition to abortion, homosexual marriage, and/or euthanasia, supporting capital punishment, and similar issues. They may or may not be conservative on other issues, such as taxes.

In the United States social conservatives tend to be in the Republican Party and are usually also Christian Conservatives.  There are also Americans who are social conservatives for other reasons than religion.  

In Canada, social conservatives are known as the Blue Tories.

Some people, such as Mary Wollstonecraft, George Orwell, and Stephen Leacock, have supported left-wing politics on many issues. However, they were socially conservative on issues like abortion, for Wollstonecraft and Orwell, or feminism, for Leacock.

Political movements
Conservatism
Christian democracy
A Blue Tory is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada who is a social conservatives. They are the opposite of the Red Tories.

Stephen Harper is sometimes called a Blue Tory.

Canadian politicians
Red Tories are members of the Conservative Party of Canada who support left-wing policies on issues like capital punishment, homosexual marriage and abortion but who are still conservative because they want low taxes and  small government and have libertarian beliefs.  

The people in the Conservative Party of Canada who disagree with them are called Blue Tories. 

John Diefenbaker and Joe Clark were Canadian Prime Ministers who were Red Tories.

Canadian politicians
New Super Mario Bros. might refer to:

New Super Mario Bros. - a 2006 Nintendo DS game
New Super Mario Bros. Wii - a 2009 Wii game and a follow-up to the 2006 game
New Super Mario Bros. 2 - a 2012 Nintendo 3DS game, a sequel to the 2006 game, and a follow-up to the 2009 game
New Super Mario Bros. U - a 2012 Wii U game, a sequel to the 2009 game, and a follow-up to the 3DS game
New Super Luigi U - a 2013 Wii U game and an extension pack to the other Wii U game
New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe - a 2019 Nintendo Switch game and a port remake to the Wii U games
Roland Matthes (17 November 1950 – 20 December 2019) was a German swimmer. He won four European championships and three world championships. He won Olympic gold medals at the 1968 and 1972 Olympics and at the World Aquatics Championships in 1973 and 1975.

Matthes died on 20 December 2019 of a heart attack, aged 69.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1950 births
2019 deaths
German swimmers
East German Olympic gold medalists
East German Olympic silver medalists
East German Olympic bronze medalists
Claudine Auger (born Claudine Oger; 26 April 1941 – 18 December 2019) was a French actress and model. She was born in Paris. Auger was best known for her role as Bond girl, Dominique "Domino" Derval, in the James Bond movie Thunderball (1965). She won the title of Miss France Monde and was also the first runner-up in the 1958 Miss World contest.

Auger died of a long-illness on 18 December 2019 in Paris at the age of 78.

References

Other websites
 

1941 births
2019 deaths
Models from Paris
French movie actors
Actors from Paris
Actresses who played Bond girls
Steina Vasulka (born Steinunn Briem Bjarnadottir in 1940) and Woody Vasulka (born Bohuslav Vasulka on 20 January 1937 – 20 December 2019) are early known figures of video art. They are known for producing work since the early 1960s. 

The couple met in the early 1960s and moved to New York City in 1965, where they began showing video art at the Whitney Museum and founded The Kitchen in 1971. Steina and Woody both became Guggenheim fellows: Steina in 1976, and Woody in 1979.

Woody died on 20 December 2019 in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the age of 82.

References
References

Other websites
 Vasulkas' web-presence
Steina and Woody Vasulka in the Video Data Bank
 Steina and Woody Vasulka, Mediateca Media Art Space
 Video Out, documentary about VJing's roots in video out and influence of Vasulkas. Features interview with Steina Vasulka.
 Steina and Woody Vasulka portfolio at Imai
 Tools Thomas Dreher: History of Computer Art Chap. IV.1.2 Video Synthesizers.www.listasafn.is 
 Switch! Monitor! Drift! (3:45) (1976) on UbuWeb
 The Kitchen: Steina and Woody Vasulka 

1937 births
2019 deaths
1940 births
Living people
American artists
K. Ramachandra Babu (15 December 1947 – 21 December 2019) was an Indian award-winning cinematographer of over 125 movies. Babu was born in Maduranthakam, Tamil Nadu, India. His best known works were Dweepu, Chamaram and Oru Vadakkan Veeragatha.

Babu died on 21 December 2019 of a heart attack at the age of 72.

References

Other websites

 Official website 
 Official website of Indian Society of Cinematographers 
 

1947 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian cinematographers
Gold is a British pay television channel from the UKTV network, that was launched on 1 November 1992 as UK Gold before it was rebranded UKTV Gold in 2004 apart from Dave, Alibi, and W from 2 August 2019.

Other websites 
 

British television channels
1992 establishments in the United Kingdom
Lennart Andersson could mean:

Lennart Andersson (athlete) (1914–1997), Swedish Olympic triple jumper
Lennart Andersson (rower) (1925–2004), Swedish Olympic rower
Lennart Andersson (sport shooter) (born 1957), Swedish Olympic shooter
Jonschwil is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Niederbüren is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Niederhelfenschwil is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

Geography 
Niederhelfenschwil has an area of .

The municipality is to the north of the Thur river between Bischofszell and Wil. It includes the villages of Lenggenwil, Niederhelfenschwil and Zuckenriet as well as the hamlets of Dägetschwil, Dietenwil and Enkhüseren.

Niederhelfenschwil borders the following municipalities: Niederbüren, Oberbüren and Zuzwil (Canton of St. Gallen); Bischofszell, Kradolf-Schönenberg and Wuppenau (Canton of Thurgau).

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Bronschhofen was a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. The municipality Bronschhofen became part of Wil on 1 January 2013.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Former municipalities of St. Gallen
Oberbüren is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Zuzwil is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

Gallery

References

Other websites 

 Municipality of Zuzwil - Official website
Eschenbach is a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the municipalities Goldingen and St. Gallenkappel joined together to become the municipality called Eschenbach.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in See-Gaster
Schänis is a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in See-Gaster
St. Gallenkappel was a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the municipalities Goldingen and St. Gallenkappel joined together to become the municipality called Eschenbach.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Former municipalities of St. Gallen
Weesen is a municipality in See-Gaster, in the canton of St. Gallen, in Switzerland. It is on the western shore of Lake Walen on the Linth channel.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in See-Gaster
Goldingen was a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the municipalities Goldingen and St. Gallenkappel joined together to become the municipality called Eschenbach.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Former municipalities of St. Gallen
Gommiswald is a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2013, the municipalities Ernetschwil and Rieden joined together to become the municipality called Gommiswald.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in See-Gaster
Thal  is a village and municipality in Rorschach in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. Besides the village of Thal itself, the municipality also includes the villages Altenrhein, Buechen, Buriet and Staad.

St. Gallen–Altenrhein Airport is in the municipality.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Rorschach
Villages in St. Gallen
Rapperswil (Swiss German:  or ; short: Rappi) was a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It is at the east side of the Lake Zurich (Zürichsee). As of 31 December 2006, 7,601 people lived there.

On 1 January 2007, the municipalities Rapperswil and Jona joined together to become the new municipality called Rapperswil-Jona.

References

Other websites 

 Rapperswil-Jona (official site) 
 Ortsgemeinde Rapperswil-Jona 
 Tourist Information Rapperswil-Jona 
 

Former municipalities of St. Gallen
Uznach is a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in See-Gaster
Cities in Switzerland
Ernetschwil was a municipality in See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former Ernetschwil and Rieden joined together to become the municipality called Gommiswald.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Former municipalities of St. Gallen
Villages in St. Gallen
Worms () is a 2013 Brazilian stop motion animated adventure fantasy family comedy film directed by Paolo Conti and Arthur Nunes. It is the first Brazilian stop-motion animated film. It was released in Brazil on December 20, 2013.

Plot
When Junior, a worm who is eleven years old or twelve years old who is protected too much, accidentally goes up to the surface, he has to go back home, which could be dangerous for him.

Cast
 Cadu Paschoal as Junior
 Jullie as Linda
 Yago Machado as Nico
 Rita Lee as Martha
 Anderson Silva as Hairy (Cabelo)
 Daniel Boaventura as Big Wig / Mister Jumping
 Isabella Fiorentino as Florence
 Duda Espinoza as Noodles
 Luiz Sérgio Navarro as Arthur
 Manolo Rey as Ranho
 Sérgio Stern as François

Notes

References

Other websites 
 
 

Canadian animated movies
2010s animated movies
20th Century Fox movies
Balloon is a 2019 Chinese movie. Pema Tseden directed the movie. It was shown in the Horizons section at the 76th Venice International Film Festival.

Cast
 Tso Yangshik
 Wangmo Sonam

References

Other websites
 

2019 drama movies
Chinese movies
Dareema Caddo was the first capital of the Daraawiish State. It is near the city of Buuhoodle, to the northwest. It used to be settled by the Arale Mahad tribe. But now the Arale Mahad tribe have moved to a town called Dhilaalo. Dhilaalo is a bit further to the north.

References

Settlements in Somalia
Khatumo
Emmet County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,112. The county seat is Petoskey.

References

1850s establishments in Michigan
1853 establishments in the United States
Michigan counties
Alcona County is a county on the northern point on the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The county seat is Harrisville. In 2020, 10,167 people lived in the county.

References

1860s establishments in Michigan
1869 establishments in the United States
Michigan counties
Stewart Armstrong Copeland (born July 16, 1952) is an American musician and composer. He was the drummer for the British rock band "The Police". He has written music for movies and video games, and music for ballet, opera and orchestra. According to MusicRadar, Copeland's "distinctive drum sound and uniqueness of style have made him one of the most popular drummers to ever get behind a drumset."

He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of "The Police" in 2003, the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2005, and the Classic Drummer Hall of Fame in 2013. In 2016, Copeland was ranked 10th on Rolling Stones "100 Greatest Drummers of All Time". He is also known for composing soundtracks for the Spyro video game series.

References

1952 births
Living people
American movie score composers
American rock drummers
Video game composers
The Police
This article lists the prime ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Prime ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1994–present)

Other websites
 World Statesmen – Federation of Bosnia-Hercegovina

Bosnia
 
Prime ministers
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (abbreviated FB&H; Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine (FBiH) / Федерација Босне и Херцеговине (ФБиХ), ) is one of the two political entities that make up Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is made up of 10 cantons with their own governments. It is sometimes known by the shorter name Federation of B&H.

Cantons
Bosnian Podrinje
Canton 10
Central Bosnia
Herzegovina-Neretva
Posavina
Sarajevo
Tuzla
Una-Sana
West Herzegovina
Zenica-Doboj

References

Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mustafa Mujezinović (27 December 1954 – 23 December 2019) was the Prime Minister of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2009 to 2011.

References

Other websites

1954 births
2019 deaths
Prime Ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ahmed Gaid Salah (; 13 January 1940 – 23 December 2019) was a senior leader in the Algerian People's National Army. In 2004, he was appointed by then-President Abdelaziz Bouteflika to chief of staff of the army. On 15 September 2013, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Defense. 

Salah died at a military hospital in Algiers of a heart attack on 23 December 2019 at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2019 deaths
Generals
Algerian military people
Thaddeus Stanley "Ted" Lepcio (July 28, 1929 – December 11, 2019), was an American professional baseball utility infielder. He  played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Boston Red Sox, Detroit Tigers, Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago White Sox, and Minnesota Twins.

Lepcio died on December 11, 2019 in Dedham, Massachusetts at the age of 90.

References

1929 births
2019 deaths
Boston Red Sox players
Detroit Tigers players
Philadelphia Phillies players
Chicago White Sox players
Minnesota Twins players
Sportspeople from New York (state)
People from Utica, New York
Jack Brodie Farris (December 5, 1935 – December 14, 2019) was a United States Army Lieutenant General. He commanded the military ground forces during Operation Urgent Fury, the United States invasion of Grenada in 1983; at the time of his retirement in 1991 he was Deputy Commander of the United States Pacific Command in Hawaii.

References

1935 births
2019 deaths
American generals
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
People from Charlotte, North Carolina
Military people from North Carolina
Ricardo de Aparici (23 June 1940 – 19 December 2019) was an Argentinian politician. He was Governor of the province of Jujuy between 1987 and 1990. He was born in Buenos Aires.

Aparici died from a fall in Buenos Aires on 19 December 2019 at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2019 deaths
Jujuy Province
Argentine politicians
Jan Patrik de Laval (28 March 1948 — 19 December 2019) was a Swedish actor. He was born in Västrum, Sweden. He was known for his roles in Skilda världar and Rederiet.

Laval died on 19 December 2019 in Stockholm at the age of 71.

References

1948 births
2019 deaths
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Zilda Cardoso (4 January 1936 – 20 December 2019) was a Brazilian actress. She was best known for her many comedic roles in TV shows such as Praça da Alegria, A Praça é Nossa and Escolinha do Professor Raimundo. She was born in São Paulo.

Cardoso died on 20 December 2019 in her São Paulo apartment of emphysema at the age of 83.

References 

Deaths from emphysema
2019 deaths
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
1936 births
Actors from São Paulo
Lloyd N. Morrisett Jr. (November 2, 1929 - January 23, 2023) is an American psychologist, educator and philanthropist. He is one of the founders of the Sesame Workshop and was an important figure for the creation of Sesame Street and The Electric Company.

Other websites
Profile at The Joan Ganz Cooney Center
Profile at mit.edu
2003 American Psychological Association article

1929 births
American psychologists
Living people
Scientists from Oklahoma City
University of California, Berkeley faculty
American philanthropists
Melissa Viviane Jefferson (born April 27, 1988), known professionally as Lizzo, is an American singer, rapper, songwriter, and flutist.

Lizzo released two studio albums:Lizzobangers (2013), and Big Grrrl Small World (2015). In 2014, Time named her one of fourteen music artists to watch. Lizzo's first major-label EP, Coconut Oil, was released in 2016.

In 2019, she became popular after her third studio album, Cuz I Love You, which peaked inside the top five of the Billboard 200. The album spawned two singles: "Juice" and "Tempo". Lizzo's 2017 single "Truth Hurts" became a viral hit, topping the Billboard Hot 100 two years after its release. 

Lizzo has been nominated for Best New Artist and received eight nominations at the 62nd Annual Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year for the deluxe version of Cuz I Love You and Song of the Year and Record of the Year for "Truth Hurts".

References
References

1988 births
Living people
21st-century American singers
21st-century American rappers
African-American singers
American activists
American Christians
American contemporary R&B singers
American rappers
American funk singers
American hip hop musicians
American hip hop singers
American pop singers
American soul singers
Civil rights activists
American LGBT rights activists
Rappers from Michigan
Singers from Minneapolis
Ubirajara Penacho dos Reis (5 September 1934 – 22 December 2019), better known as Bira, was a Brazilian musician and bassist. He was best known for being a member of the house band of the talk shows Jô Soares Onze e Meia, broadcast on SBT, and Programa do Jô.

Bira died on 22 December 2019 from a stroke, aged 85.

References 

Brazilian musicians
1934 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
José Eugênio "Jô" Soares (January 16, 1938 – August 5, 2022) was a Brazilian comedian, talk show host, author, theatrical producer, director, actor, painter and musician.

In 1970, Soares started working at Rede Globo.

In 1988, Soares moved to SBT, where he hosted a talk-show, Jô Soares Onze e Meia ("Jô Soares Eleven Thirty"), until 1999. In 2000, Soares began hosting Programa do Jô, and hosted the program until 2016.

His first novel O Xangô de Baker Street was published in 1995 and has been translated in several languages.

Soares died on August 5, 2022 at a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil at the age of 84.

References

1938 births
2022 deaths
Brazilian television actors
Writers from Rio de Janeiro
Brazilian artists
Painters from South America
Brazilian television presenters
Brazilian movie directors
Actors from Rio de Janeiro
Musicians from Rio de Janeiro
Thor Bjarne Bore (10 January 1938 – 22 December 2019) was a Norwegian newspaper editor and politician. He was born in Molde, Norway. He was the editor-in-chief of Romsdals Budstikke from 1966 to 1970, Vårt Land from 1974 to 1983 and Stavanger Aftenblad from 1983 to 1999.

He also worked in Vårt Land from 1964 to 1966 and 1970 to 1974.

Bore was the chair of Norwegian Church Aid from 2000 until his death. He was also a member of Stavanger city council for the Liberal Party from 2007 to 2011.

Bore died in Stavanger, Norway of pneumonia on 22 December 2019, aged 81.

References

1938 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Norwegian politicians
Norwegian businesspeople
Editors
Édison Gabriel Realpe Solís (13 April 1996 – 22 December 2019) was an Ecuadorian footballer who played for L.D.U. Quito. 

Realpe began his career with Guayaquil City in 2014.

On 31 January 2018, Realpe was loaned out to L.D.U. Quito for the 2018 season. After the loan spell ended, he signed permanently for the club.

Realpe was killed in a car accident near Esmeraldas at the age of 23.

References

1996 births
2019 deaths
Road accident deaths
Ecuadorian footballers
Esmeraldas () is a coastal city in northwestern Ecuador. It is the seat of the Esmeraldas Canton and capital of the Esmeraldas Province.

Esmeraldas is well known around Latin America given the large number of locals that have historically played in the Ecuadorian national football team.

References

Cities in Ecuador
Capitals of Ecuadorian provinces
Esmeraldas Province
Emanuel Ungaro (13 February 1933 – 22 December 2019) was a French fashion designer.

Ungaro launched his first menswear collection, Ungaro Uomo, in 1973, and his first perfume, Diva, 10 years later in 1983. Ungaro was a participant in The Battle of Versailles Fashion Show held on November 28, 1973. Later followed the perfumes Senso (1987), Ungaro (1991) and Emanuel Ungaro For Men (1991).

Ungaro died in Paris on 22 December 2019 at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
Official website

1933 births
2019 deaths
French fashion designers
Manfred Stolpe (16 May 1936 – 29 December 2019) was a German politician. He was Federal Minister of Transport, Building and Housing of the Federal Republic of Germany from 2002 until 2005. From 1990 until 2002, he was Minister President of Brandenburg. Stolpe was born in Stettin (Szczecin).

Stolpe was diagnosed with colon and male breast cancer in 2009. He died on 29 December 2019 in Potsdam of liver cancer at the age of 83.

References

Other websites
 http://www.manfred-stolpe.de/ 

1936 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Cancer deaths in Germany
German politicians
People from Szczecin
Werner Klumpp (12 November 1928 – 8 January 2021) was a German politician. He was a German politician of the FDP. After the death of Franz-Josef Röder he was the interim Minister President of the Saarland from 26 June 1979 to 5 July 1979. He was born in Baiersbronn, Baden-Württemberg.

Klumpp died on 8 January 2021, aged 92.

References

1928 births
2021 deaths
German politicians
Erwin Teufel (born 4 September 1939) is a German politician. He is a member of the CDU. He was born in Zimmern ob Rottweil, Germany. He was known for his political partnership with Russian President Boris Yeltsin.

Teufel was the leader of the CDU parliamentary group in the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg from 1978 to 1991.

Teufel was Minister President of Baden-Württemberg and chairman of the CDU state party group from 1991 to 2005, serving as President of the Bundesrat in 1996/97.

References

1939 births
Living people
Politicians of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Politicians from Baden-Württemberg
Berndt Seite (born 22 April 1940) is a German politician. He was the 2nd minister president  of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern from 1992 to 1998 and the 45th president of the German Bundesrat in 1992. Seite has been a member of the Christian Democratic Union since 1990.

References

1940 births
Living people
German politicians
Harald Ringstorff (born 25 September 1939) is a German politician of the SPD. He was born in Wittenburg, Mecklenburg. He was the 3rd Minister President of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. He was the 61st President of the Bundesrat in 2006/07.

References

1939 births
Living people
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Politicians from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Wolfgang Clement (7 July 1940 – 27 September 2020) was a German politician. Clement was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). He was the 7th Minister President of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 27 May 1998 to 22 October 2002 and Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Labour from 2002 to 2005.

Clement died of lung cancer in Bonn, Germany on 27 September 2020 at the age of 80.

References

Other websites
"Wolfgang Clement – Prime Minister of North-Rhine Westphalia" – 1998 article at the World Socialist Web Site 
Article by Wolfgang Clement about the Baltic Sea natural gas pipeline at the website of Wintershall AG, December 2005
The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation

1940 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Bernhard Vogel (; born 19 December 1932) is a German politician. He is a member of the CDU. He was the 4th Minister President of Rhineland-Palatinate from 1976 to 1988 and the 2nd Minister President of Thuringia from 1992 to 2003. 

He is the only person to have been head of two different German federal states. He is the longest governing Minister President of Germany. He was the 28th and 40th President of the Bundesrat in 1976/77 and 1987/88.

References

1932 births
Living people
German politicians
Tino Chrupalla (born 14 April 1975) is a German politician. He is a Member of the Bundestag since 2017 of the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) Party. In November 2019 he was nominated by Alexander Gauland to replace him as co-chairman and duly elected to that position.

References

1975 births
German politicians
Living people
Maria Luise Anna "Malu" Dreyer (born 6 February 1961) is a German politician (SPD). Since 13 January 2013, she has been the Minister-President of Rhineland-Palatinate. She is the first woman to hold this office. She was the President of the Bundesrat from 1 November 2016 – 2017, which made her the deputy to the President of Germany while in office.

In late 2017, SPD members elected Dreyer to the party’s national leadership for the first time as a vice chair.

References

1961 births
Living people
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Politicians from Rhineland-Palatinate
Norbert Walter-Borjans (born 17 September 1952) is a German economist and politician. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. He has been leader of the party since December 2019 and was minister of finance of the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2010 until 2017.

References

Living people
1952 births
German economists
German politicians
Saskia Esken (née Hofer, born 28 August 1961) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) who has been serving as leader of the party since December 2019. She is a member of the Bundestag since 2013.

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1961 births
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Gesine Schwan (born 22 May 1943) is a German political science professor. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. The party has nominated her twice as a candidate for the federal presidential elections. On 23 May 2004, she was defeated by the Christian Democrat Horst Köhler. On 23 May 2009, Köhler beat her again to win his second term.

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1943 births
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German politicians
Kurt Hans Biedenkopf (28 January 1930 – 12 August 2021) was a German politician. He was the 1st Minister President of the Free State of Saxony (one of Germany's federal states) from 1990 until 2002. He was the 54th President of the Bundesrat in 1999/2000. He was born in Ludwigshafen, Germany.

Biedenkopf died on 12 August 2021 in Dresden, Germany at the age of 91.

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Other websites
 Kurt Biedenkopf in the CDU parliamentary group in the state parliament of Saxony 

1930 births
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Politicians from Saxony
People from Rhineland-Palatinate
Dr. Werner Münch (born 25 September 1940) is a German politician (CDU).

He became the first Financial Minister of this state since refounding of same after the reunification under the 1st Minister-President Gerd Gies. After Gies had to resign already in 1991 Münch was elected as 2nd Minister-President of Saxony Anhalt from 4 July 1991 to 28 November 1993.

On 25 February 2009 Münch quit membership of the CDU after 37 years and became a critic of Angela Merkel.

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1940 births
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Wolfgang Böhmer (born 27 January 1936) is a German politician (CDU). He was the 5th Minister-President of Saxony-Anhalt from 16 May 2002 to 19 April 2011. He was President of the Bundesrat in 2002/03. He has been a critic of Angela Merkel.

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1936 births
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Björn Engholm (born 9 November 1939) is a Lübeck born German SPD politician. He was Minister-President of Schleswig-Holstein from 1988 to 1993 and leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany between 1991 and 1993..

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1939 births
Politicians of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
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Josef Duchac (born February 19, 1938) is a German politician (CDU). He became a member of the East German Christian Democratic Union in 1957. He was elected Thuringia's first post-reunification minister-president on October 14, 1990. He resigned in 1992 following corruption issues.

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1938 births
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Michael Müller (born 9 December 1964) is a German politician. He is the Mayor of Berlin since 11 December 2014. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. 

He was President of the Bundesrat from November 2017 until October 2018, which made him deputy to the President of Germany.

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1964 births
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Mayors of Berlin
Walter Momper (born 21 February 1945) is a German politician. He was the Governing Mayor of Berlin (West Berlin 1989–1990, reunited Berlin 1990–1991). He was President of the Bundesrat in 1989/90. He was at the opening of the Brandenburg Gate on 22 December 1989 and, on 3 October 1990, became the first mayor of a reunited Berlin.

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1945 births
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Eberhard Diepgen (born 13 November 1941) is a German politician of the CDU. He was Governing Mayor of West Berlin from 1984 through 1989 and later Governing Mayor of Berlin from 1991 through 2001.

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1941 births
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Mayors of Berlin
Henning Scherf (born 31 October 1938) is a German lawyer and politician (SPD). He was the 6th President of the Senate and Mayor of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen from 4 July 1995 to 8 November 2005.

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Hans-Ulrich Klose (14 June 1937 – 6 September 2023) was a German politician from the Social Democratic Party. Klose was the First Mayor (German: Erster Bürgermeister) of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg from 1974 up to 1981 and was President of the Bundesrat in 1979/80.

Klose died on 6 September 2023, after suffering from Alzheimer's disease in Hamburg at the age of 86.

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Other websites
 Official site 
 German Parliament site  
 Personal data sheet

1937 births
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Klaus von Dohnanyi (born 23 June 1928) is a German politician. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was Mayor of Hamburg between 1981 and 1988.

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Alfons Pawelczyk (born 26 February 1933) is a German politician. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party. He was a Hamburg state minister of the Interior and second mayor in Hamburg.

Pawelczyk was lieutenant colonel of the German federal armed forces and member of the German federal parliament from 1969 to 1980.

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1933 births
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Hans-Jürgen Krupp (born 15 April 1933) is a German politician and economist. He was the President of the University of Frankfurt. He was a representative of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and state minister in Hamburg. In 1988 Krupp became state minister of Finance, and in 1991 state minister for Economic Affairs and second mayor of Hamburg.

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1933 births
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Shankha Ghosh (5 February 1932 – 21 April 2021) was a Bengali Indian poet  and critic. In 2011, he was honored with the Padma Bhushan. He taught at Bangabasi College, City College (all affiliated to the University of Calcutta) and at Jadavpur University, all in Kolkata. He retired from Jadavpur University in 1992.

He has won a number of prestigious awards including Jnanpith Award in 2016. His pen name is kuntak.

Ghosh died on 21 April 2021 in Kolkata from COVID-19, aged 89.
Poems
 Dinguli Raatguli (First Story)
  Nihito Patal Saya
 Pajore Darer Sabdo
 Jol e Pasan hoye ache
 Dhum legeche rith kamole
 Gota desh jora joughar
 Proti prosne kepe othe vite
 Hashi khushi mukhe sarbonash
 Adim lata-gulmomay (Ancient vines and trees)
 Murkha baro, samajik nay (Big fool, not social)
 Kabir abhipray (The poet's intention)
 Mukh dheke jay bigyapane (Faces are hidden by advertisements)
 Babarer prarthana (Babur's prayer)
 The Storm of Desire (a poem translated from Bengali by Nandini Gupta)
 Just this one (a poem translated from Bengali by Bhismadev Chakrabarti)

References

1932 births
2021 deaths
Indian poets
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India
White Christmas is a 1954 American musical movie starring Bing Crosby, Danny Kaye, Rosemary Clooney, and Vera-Ellen. It was directed by Michael Curtiz. It was filmed in VistaVision and Technicolor. It has songs by Irving Berlin, including the title song, "White Christmas". This was a new version of the song sung by Crosby in the 1942 film Holiday Inn.

The movie was produced and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is notable for being the first to be released in VistaVision. This is a widescreen process developed by Paramount. It used twice the surface area of the then standard 35mm film. This large-area negative was used to yield finer-grained standard-sized 35mm prints.

The word film is sometimes used instead of movie. They are the same thing.
Plot
The movie starts on Christmas Eve, 1944, somewhere in Europe. It is World War II. Crosby and Kaye play two U.S. Army soldiers. Crosby plays Captain Bob Wallace and Kaye plays Private First Class Phil Davis. Bob is a Broadway entertainer, Phil wants to be a professional entertainer. They perform "White Christmas". Their commanding officer, Major General Thomas F. Waverly is being relieved of his command. He arrives for the end of the show and says goodbye.

After the performance everyone is forced to take cover from an aerial bombing. A bomb knocks over a Wwall. Bob is too busy shouting orders to notice. Phil pushes him out of the way and injurs his arm. Bob later visits Phil at a field hospital and thanks him for saving his life. Phil shows Bob a duet he wrote and asks to perform with him back in New York City. Feeling obligated by Phil's heroism, Bob agrees.
After the war, Bob and Phil make it big in nightclubs, radio, and then on Broadway, eventually becoming successful producers. They mount their newest hit musical titled Playing Around. The same day they receive a letter from "Freckle-Faced Haynes, the dog-faced boy," their mess sergeant from the war, asking them to look at an act that his two sisters are doing.

They go to the club to watch the "Sisters" act. Phil notices that Bob likes Betty, played by Rosemary Clooney. Phil likes her sister Judy, played by Vera-Ellen. Betty and Judy join Bob and Phil at their table. Phil dances with Judy. Phil and Judy hit it off. Bob and Betty do not get on. They have a minor argument about how Bob thinks that everyone has an angle in show business.
When the train arrives in Pine Tree, there isn't any snow. Bob and Phil discover that the inn is run by their former commanding officer, General Waverly. Waverly has invested all of his savings into the lodge. It is failing because there's no snow and no guests. To bring business to the inn, Bob and Phil bring the entire cast and crew of their musical Playing Around. They add in Betty and Judy to the rehearsals. Bob and Betty's relationship blooms and they spend a good deal of time together.

Bob discovers the General's request to rejoin the army has been rejected. Bob calls Ed Harrison an old army buddy. Ed is now a successful variety show host. They arrange a televised invitation to all the men formerly under the command of the General to come to the inn on Christmas Eve as a surprise. Harrison suggests they put the show on national television to generate free advertising for Wallace and Davis. Bob insists that it must have nothing to do with their business.
Nosy housekeeper Emma Allen has been listening, but she has only heard the part about free advertising, not Bob's rejection of the idea. She thinks that her boss will be seen as a pitiable figure on TV and tells Betty. Betty is shocked. The misunderstanding causes Betty to ignore a baffled Bob. While this is happening, Judy becomes convinced that Betty will never take on a serious relationship until Judy is engaged or married. She pressures a reluctant Phil to announce a phony engagement, but the plan backfires when Betty abruptly departs for New York City to take a job offer.

After rehearsals are complete, Phil and Judy reveal to Bob that the engagement was phony. Bob still doesn't know the real reason Betty left. He goes to New York for The Ed Harrison Show. He tries to convince Betty to come back. Bob sees Betty's new act and tells her the truth about the engagement. He is called away by Ed Harrison before he finds out what is really bothering her.
Back at the Inn, Phil fakes an injury to distract the General so he won't see the broadcast of Bob's announcement. In the broadcast, Bob invites veterans of the 151st Division to come to Pine Tree, Vermont, on Christmas Eve. Betty sees it on TV and realizes she was wrong. She returns to Pine Tree in time for the Christmas Eve show, but only tells Judy. The whole division comes into Pine Tree secretly. When the General enters the lodge, he is greeted by his former division, who sing a rousing chorus of "The Old Man". Just as the following song ends, the snow starts to fall.

In the finale, Bob and Betty declare their love for one another. So do Phil and Judy. The background of the set is removed to show the snow falling. Bob, Betty, Phil and Judy perform "White Christmas". Everyone raises a glass, and toasts, "May your days be merry and bright; and may all your Christmases be white."

Cast
Cast

 Bing Crosby as Bob Wallace
 Danny Kaye as Phil Davis
 Rosemary Clooney as Betty Haynes
 Vera-Ellen as Judy Haynes
 Dean Jagger as Major General Tom Waverly
 Mary Wickes as Emma Allen
 Johnny Grant as Ed Harrison
 John Brascia as John/Johnny, Judy Haynes' dance partner
 Anne Whitfield as Susan Waverly
 Percy Helton as Train conductor
 I. Stanford Jolley as Railroad stationmaster
 Barrie Chase as Doris Lenz
 George Chakiris as Betty Haynes' background dancer
 Sig Ruman as Landlord
 Grady Sutton as General's guest
 Herb Vigran as Novello
 Leighton Noble as bandleader (uncredited)
Songs
 "White Christmas" (Crosby)
 "The Old Man" (Crosby, Kaye, and Men's Chorus)
 Medley: "Heat Wave"/"Let Me Sing and I'm Happy"/"Blue Skies" (Crosby & Kaye)
 "Sisters" (Clooney & Vera-Ellen)
 "The Best Things Happen While You're Dancing" (Kaye with Vera-Ellen)
 "Sisters (reprise)" (lip synced by Crosby and Kaye)
 "Snow" (Crosby, Kaye, Clooney & Vera-Ellen)
 Minstrel Number: "I'd Rather See a Minstrel Show"/"Mister Bones"/"Mandy" (Crosby, Kaye, Clooney & Chorus)
 "Count Your Blessings (Instead of Sheep)" (Crosby & Clooney)
 "Choreography" (Kaye)
 "The Best Things Happen While You're Dancing (reprise)" (Kaye & Chorus)
 "Abraham" (instrumental)
 "Love, You Didn't Do Right By Me" (Clooney)
 "What Can You Do with a General?" (Crosby)
 "The Old Man (reprise)" (Crosby & Men's Chorus)
 "Gee, I Wish I Was Back in the Army" (Crosby, Kaye, Clooney & Stevens)
 "White Christmas (finale)" (Crosby, Kaye, Clooney, Stevens & Chorus)
All songs were written by Irving Berlin. The centerpiece of the film is the title song. This was first used in Holiday Inn where it won an Oscar for Best Original Song in 1942.

"Count Your Blessings" earned an Oscar nomination for Best Original Song.

The song "Snow" was originally written for Call Me Madam with the title "Free". The melody was kept but the lyrics were changed to be more appropriate for a Christmas movie.

The song "What Can You Do with a General?" was originally written for an un-produced project called Stars on My Shoulders.
It was not possible to issue an "original soundtrack album" of the film, because Decca Records controlled the soundtrack rights, but Clooney was under exclusive contract with Columbia Records. Consequently, each company issued a separate "soundtrack recording": Decca issuing Selections from Irving Berlin's White Christmas, while Columbia issued Irving Berlin's White Christmas. On the former, the song "Sisters" and all of Clooney's vocal parts were recorded by Peggy Lee. On the latter, the song was sung by Rosemary Clooney and her own sister, Betty.

Crosby and Kaye recorded another Berlin song ("Santa Claus") for the opening WWII Christmas Eve show scene, but it was not used in the final film. Their recording of the song survives and can be found on the Bear Family Records 7-CD set called Come On-A My House.

Casting
Casting

White Christmas was intended to reunite Crosby and Fred Astaire for their third Irving Berlin showcase musical. Crosby and Astaire had previously co-starred in Holiday Inn (1942) – where the song "White Christmas" first appeared – and Blue Skies (1946). Astaire declined the project after reading the script and asked to be released from his contract with Paramount. Crosby also left the project shortly thereafter, to spend more time with his sons after the death of his wife, Dixie Lee. Near the end of January 1953, Crosby returned to the project, and Donald O'Connor was signed to replace Astaire. Just before shooting was to begin, O'Connor had to drop out due to illness and was replaced by Danny Kaye, who asked for and received a salary of $200,000 and 10% of the gross. Financially, the film was a partnership between Crosby and Irving Berlin, who shared half the profits, and Paramount, which got the other half.
A scene from the film featuring Crosby and Kaye was broadcast the year after the film's release, on Christmas Day 1955, in the final episode of the NBC TV show Colgate Comedy Hour (1950–1955).

Production
Berlin suggested a movie based on his song in 1948. Paramount put up the $2 million budget and only took 30% of the proceeds.

Principal photography took place between September and December 1953. The film was the first to be shot using Paramount's new VistaVision process, with color by Technicolor. It was one of the first to feature the Perspecta directional sound system at limited engagements.
Release and reception
Bosley Crowther of The New York Times was not impressed: "...the use of VistaVision, which is another process of projecting on a wide, flat screen, has made it possible to endow White Christmas with a fine pictorial quality. The colors on the big screen are rich and luminous, the images are clear and sharp, and rapid movements are got without blurring—or very little—such as sometimes is seen on other large screens. Director Michael Curtiz has made his picture look good. It is too bad that it doesn't hit the eardrums and the funnybone with equal force."
Variety liked it: "White Christmas should be a natural at the box office, introducing as it does Paramount's new VistaVision system with such a hot combination as Bing Crosby, Danny Kaye and an Irving Berlin score...Crosby and Kaye, along with VV, keep the entertainment going in this fancifully staged Robert Emmett Dolan production, clicking so well the teaming should call for a repeat...Certainly he (Crosby) has never had a more facile partner than Kaye against whom to bounce his misleading nonchalance."

White Christmas was enormously popular with audiences, earning $12 million in theatrical rentals – equal to $ today – making it the top moneymaker of 1954 by a wide margin and the highest-grossing musical film of all-time. Overall, the film grossed $30 million at the domestic box office.

There was a US theatrical re-release by Paramount in 1961.