Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Michael Stanley Dukakis (, born November 3, 1933) served as the 65th and 67th Governor of Massachusetts, from 1975 to 1979 and 1983 to 1991. He is the longest-serving Governor in Massachusetts and only the second Greek-American governor in United States history, after Spiro Agnew.

In 1988, he was the Democratic nominee for President, but lost to Republican then–Vice President, George H. W. Bush.

After the 1988 Election
Dukakis was mentioned as candidate for Massachusetts Senator for a possible interim successor to Ted Kennedy, after Kennedy's death but Governor Deval Patrick chose Paul G. Kirk, the other candidate and a favorite of the Kennedy Family.

In 2008, he talked about his defeat in an interview with Katie Couric, in which he said he "owe[d] the American people an apology" because "if I had beaten the old man, we never would have heard of the kid, and we wouldn't be in this mess."

References

Other websites
Official Commonwealth of Massachusetts Governors Biography
Michael S. Dukakis  at the Northeastern University Department of Political Science
Michael Dukakis  at UCLA
The Michael S. Dukakis Presidential Campaign records, 1962–1989 (bulk 1987–1988)  are in the Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections Department, Boston, MA.
The Joseph D. Warren papers, 1972–2003 (bulk 1980–1990)  are in the Northeastern University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections Department, Boston, MA.
Dukakis discusses presidential debates  as reported in the Harvard Law Record
Dukakis mentioned on MSNBC's Morning Joe: The Scoop on 'Boogie Man'

1933 births
Living people
American Eastern Orthodox Christians
Governors of Massachusetts
Harvard University alumni
1988 United States presidential candidates
20th-century American politicians
Tangail () is a district in the central region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.

Districts in Dhaka Division
Jamalpur () is a district in the Dhaka Division of Bangladesh. It was originally established in 1869.

Districts in Mymensingh Division
Sherpur () is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.

Districts in Mymensingh Division
Kishorganj () is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.

Districts in Dhaka Division
Netrakona is a district in northeast Bangladesh. It is a part of the Mymensingh Division.

Districts in Mymensingh Division
Saint Pancras is a Catholic church covering the town centre of Ipswich, England.

When it was built, the church was supposed to be used as the Catholic cathedral for the East of England.

References

Churches in England
Ipswich
Roman Catholic churches
Buildings and structures in Suffolk
Buildings and structures completed in the 19th century
Venus Consoling Love or The Bath of Venus is a painting by François Boucher. It is signed and dated 1751. It measures 107 x 84.8 cm (42 1/8 x 33 3/8 in.) It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. The painting once belonged to Mme de Pompadour. Boucher was Pompadour's favorite artist. The painting may have been intended for her apartment at Versailles or for her chateau at Bellevue.

She allegedly posed for the painting. It is more likely Venus was a product of Boucher's imagination. The technical dexterity evident in the painting is the principal charm of Rococo art.

"Boucher's success in communicating the charm and sensuality of the nude lies in his mastery of color and fluid brushstrokes ... The painting exemplifies the rococo love of asymmetric lines and sinuous curves, artfully arranged to seduce both the eye and the mind of the beholder."

References 

1750s paintings
Paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
French paintings
Gilbert [ gil-bert ] is a British Isles male given name. It means "the bright pledge", or “the bright promise” in Germanic. Many famous people have carried the name, including W. S. Gilbert. There is also a Spanish form, Gilberto. It was used on a powerful Atlantic hurricane that struck the Caribbean and Mexico in 1988. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

People 

 W. S. Gilbert, English librettist of the Gilbert & Sullivan duo
 Gilbert Thomas Carter, Administrator of the Government of the Colony of Trinidad and Tobago, and its Dependencies in the absence of the Governor. 
 Gilbert Etienne, Swiss economist, author and professor 
 Gilbert Gottfried, American stand-up comedian (1955–2022)

In popular culture 
Gilbert is Caillou's pet cat that appears in the popular television show Caillou.

References

Given names
Felicity [ fi-lis-i-tee ] is an English female given name. It means "happiness". The name is derived from the Latin name Felicitas. Felicitas is the name for an Ancient Roman goddess. This female name was at 236 in popularity for girls around England and Wales. The name was 390th in popularity on girls in the United States for 1999. Felicity is a female form of the male name Felix. The name Felicity is the name of a character played by Keri Russell. This name was ranked #441 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

People 

 Felicity Rose Hadley Jones, a British television, stage and movie actress
 Felicity Ann Kendal, a British actress
 Felicity Huffman, American actress

References

Given names
Stentor is a genus of filter-feeding ciliates. They are usually horn-shaped, and reaching lengths of 2 millimeters, they are among the biggest known unicellular organisms.

They are a type of protist ciliate in the heterotrich class. The old-fashioned name for them was  trumpet animalcules.

The body is horn-shaped, with a ring of prominent cilia around the anterior "bell" that sweeps in food and helps swimming. Some reach several millimeters in length, making them among the largest single celled organisms. As in many freshwater protozoans, Stentor has a contractile vacuole. Because the concentration of salt inside the cell and in the surrounding freshwater is different, Stentor must store water that enters it by osmosis and then discharge it from the vacuole. They can regenerate, and small fragments can grow into full organisms. Each cell has one (often elongated) macronucleus and several micronuclei. Having two types of nuclei is charcteristic of ciliates.

Ciliates
Muhammad Daming Sunusi (born in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, June 1, 1952) is a judge from Indonesia. He became controversial for his words "rape victims and perpetrators alike, enjoy" in the House of Representatives at the fit and proper test as a potential Supreme Court Justice.

References

Other websites
 Pengadilan Tinggi Palembang 

1952 births
Living people
Indonesian politicians
Judges
South Sulawesi
Japan Airlines () is an airline founded in 1951. Its headquarters are in Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan. The airline and four of its sub-airlines (J-Air, JAL Express, JALways, and Japan Transocean Air) are members of the Oneworld airline alliance. Japan Airlines currently goes to over 90 destinations.

History
Japan Airlines began on August 1, 1951. In 1954, it started international flights. It bought its first jet aircraft in 1968, the Douglas DC-8. Japan Air System merged with Japan Airlines in 2002. In 2007, it joined the Oneworld alliance. In January 2010, Japan Airlines declared bankruptcy.  British Airways and Qantas helped the airline pay off debts.  It finally rose from bankruptcy in April 2011.

Gallery

References

Other websites
JAL website

Airlines of Japan
1951 establishments in Japan
Panchagarh is a district located in the Rangpur Division of northern Bangladesh. Established as a district on February 1, 1984, it is the northernmost district in the country. The district spans an area of 1,404.62 km² and is bounded on three sides by the Indian border, with Darjeeling district to the north, Jalpaiguri and Cooch Behar districts to the northeast, Uttar Dinajpur to the west, Dinajpur and Thakurgaon districts to the south, and Nilphamari district to the east.

History
Panchagarh has two main beliefs about how it received its name. The first is that it was named after an area called Pancha Nagari in the kingdom of Pundu Nagar, and the second is that it was named after the five forts (garh) in the region, including Bhitargarh, Hosaingarh, Mirgarh, Rajangarh, and Devengarh.
Administrative Area
The district was part of the Jalpaiguri district during the British Raj in undivided Bengal. In 1911, Jalpaiguri was fully established as a thana, and the headquarters of the Jalpaiguri thana was situated in Jagdal upazila of the current Panchagarh district. The thana was later relocated to the bank of Karatoya River in its current position for environmental and transportation benefits.

Location
Geographically, Panchagarh is located in the lower basin of the Himalayas and has highlands compared to the rest of Bangladesh. The soil composition is distinct, with rich sand and stones. The district consists of five upazilas, 43 unions, 420 mauzas, 825 villages, two paurashavas, 18 wards, and 64 mahallas. It has 16 rivers, including the Karatoya, Atrai, Teesta, Nagor, Mahananda, Tangon, Dahuk, Pathraj, Bhulli, Talma, Chawai, Kurum, Tirnoi, and Chilka. The length of the border between Bangladesh and India in Panchagarh is 286.87 km (178.25 mi), designed by Sir Cyril John Radcliffe in 1947.
References

Districts in Rangpur Division
Thakurgaon () is a district in the north-western side of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division and borders India to the west.

Other websites 

Districts in Rangpur Division
Nilphamari () is a district in northern bengal of Bangladesh. It is part of the Rangpur Division.

Subdistricts

Other websites 

Districts in Rangpur Division
Lalmonirhat () is a district on the northern border of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division.

Districts in Rangpur Division
Kurigram () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is in the Rangpur Division.

Other websites

Districts in Rangpur Division
Gaibandha () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division.

Districts in Rangpur Division
Skymark Airlines or Sky is a low-cost Japanese airline founded in 1998. It is partly owned by the Japanese travel company H.I.S.

Other websites
Company site

Related pages
 All Nippon Airways
 Japan Airlines

Airlines of Japan
Low-cost airlines
1998 establishments in Japan
The name Claire is a female given name. It is pronounced [ klair ]. It means clear in French. The popularity of the name in United Kingdom peaked in the 1970s and 1980s. Around 1997, the name fell out of the top 100 girls' names there. Many famous people have this name. This name was ranked #59 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

One of them is the actress Claire Danes.

People 
 Claire Martin, pseudonym of the Canadian writer Claire Montreuil
 Claire Danes, American actress
 Claire Bloom, English actress
 Claire Holt, Australian actress
 Claire Nouvian, French political activist, journalist and television producer
 Claire Lee Chennault, US military aviator, fl. World War II

References

Given names
Yakushima is a World Heritage Site south of Kyushu in southern Japan.

Islands of Japan
World Heritage Sites in Japan
Chibi Maruko-chan (Little Maruko) is an anime broadcast on Sunday evenings in Japan. It is about a elementary school student and her family.

anime
Japanese literature is literature written in the Japanese language. Early Japanese literature was a lot like Chinese literature because Japan and China had a lot of contact. Over time, Japanese literature became a new style that was different from Chinese literature.

Female authors 
Female authors were successful during the Heian period. When the Imperial Court became less powerful, female authors were less successful.

Related pages
Basho
Japan studies
The Tale of Genji
Yasunari Kawabata
Yukio Mishima
Shusaku Endo
Pillow book
Haiku
Kenzaburo Oe
Natsume Soseki
Shūsaku Endō ( , 27 March 1923 – 29 September 1996) was a Japanese writer known mainly for his novels. Endō is categorised as one of the "Third Generation" writers, the third major group of writers who appeared after World War II.

1923 births
1996 deaths
Writers from Tokyo
The Oval is a football ground in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is the home of Glentoran F.C.

Sources

Football stadiums in Northern Ireland
Belfast
The Euglenozoa are a large phylum of flagellate protists. 
They are part of the wastebasket taxon known as the Protozoa, which had many obviously different protists.

Euglenozoa include a variety of common free-living species, and some important parasites, of which a few infect humans. There are two main subgroups, the Euglenoidea "euglenids" and Kinetoplastea "kinetoplastids". Euglenozoa are unicellular, mostly around 1540 µm in size, although some euglenids get up to 500 µm long.

Most Euglenozoa have two flagella, parallel to one another in a pocket-like structure. In some there is a cytostome or mouth, used to eat bacteria or other small organisms. This is supported by a microtubule from the flagellar bases; two other tubules support the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the cell.
Some other Euglenozoa feed through absorption, and many euglenids have chloroplasts and so get energy by photosynthesis. These chloroplasts are surrounded by three membranes and contain chlorophylls A and C, and other pigments, so are probably evolved from those of a captured green alga.  Reproduction occurs only by cell division.  During mitosis, the nuclear membrane remains intact, and the spindle microtubules form inside it.

The group is characterized by the ultrastructure of the flagella. In addition to the normal supporting microtubules, each contains a rod (called paraxonemal), which has a tubular structure in one flagellum and a latticed structure in the other.

Classification
The euglenozoa are generally accepted as monophyletic. They are related to Percolozoa; the two share mitochondria with disk-shaped compartments, which only occurs in a few other groups.
Both probably belong to a larger group of eukaryotes called the Excavata. This grouping has been challenged.

References 

Protista
The Commodore 64 was a bestselling, 8-bit home computer from the 1980s. It was created by Commodore International, and it entered the market in 1982. Around 17 million units are believed to have been sold. The Commodore 64 is often credited with making personal computers popular amongst the masses. This quality sparked comparisons with the Ford Model T. The Commodore 64 was offered at relatively low prices, and was available in malls, department stores, and toy stores instead of solely in the shops of authorized dealers.

Other articles
Amiga
ZX Spectrum
BBC Micro
Atari XL

References

Commodore computers
The kinetoplastids are a group of single-cell flagellate eukaryotes. They include a number of parasites responsible for serious diseases in humans and other animals. There are also forms found in soil and aquatic environments. They are members of the phylum Euglenozoa. 

Their main distinguishing feature is the presence of a kinetoplast, a DNA-containing granule inside the single mitochondrion at the base of the cell's flagella (the basal body).

The kinetoplastids were first defined by Honigberg in 1961 as the flagellate order Kinetoplastida.  They are traditionally divided into the biflagellate Bodonidae and uniflagellate Trypanosomatidae. 

The Trypanosomatidae includes several genera which are exclusively parasitic. Trypanosoma brucei causes Sleeping sickness; Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease, Leishmania causes leishmaniasis, Crithidia is parasitic on insects, and  Cryptobia is an ectoparasite on the gills of fish.
Bodo is typical of the free-living Bodonids, and includes various species which feed on bacteria.

References 

Protista
Captain George K. H. Coussmaker (1782) is an oil painting by Joshua Reynolds. Coussmaker was born in London in 1759 to Evert and Mary Coussmaker. He entered the military in 1776. He was promoted several times. He never saw active service. He retired in 1795. He married Catherine Southwell in 1790. They had two children, George and Sophia (later, the Baroness de Clifford). He died in 1801. 

Coussmaker sat for Reynolds 21 times and his horse 8 times between February 9 and April 16. Reynolds was paid 205 pounds. Another 10 guineas was paid for the frame. The portrait remained with Coussmaker and his descendants until 1884. It was then sold to William K. Vanderbilt. Vanderbilt bequeathed to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1920. Museum curators describe the picture as "an exceptionally fine work ... The composition is complex and the whole vigorously painted."

References 
The Met: Captain George K. H. Coussmaker
1780s paintings
Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
Paintings by Joshua Reynolds
1782
Pet Shop Boys are a British synthpop duo: Neil Tennant and Chris Lowe. They formed in London in 1981 after they met in an electronics shop. They have sold 50 million records and are the most successful British music duo of all time. They have won three Brit Awards. They have been nominated for seven Grammy Awards. In 1984 their first single "West End Girls" was released. It reached number one in the UK and US.

Discography 
 Please (1986)
 Actually (1987)
 Introspective (1988)
 Behaviour (1990)
 Very (1993)
 Bilingual (1996)
 Nightlife (1999)
 Release (2002)
 Fundamental (2006)
 Yes (2009)
 Elysium (2012)
 Electric (2013)
 Super (2016)
 Hotspot (2020)

References

Other websites 
 Official website
1981 establishments in England
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
2020s British music groups
Brit Award winners
English pop music groups
LGBT-themed musical groups
Musical duos
Musical groups established in 1981
Musical groups from London
New wave bands
Nicole [ ni-kohl; French nee-kawl ] is a female given name of Greek origin. It means "victorious people". It is the French female version of the boy's name Nicholas. There are many variants for this female name. Famous persons going by the name include Nicole Sullivan and Nicole Kidman. The name is being used for tropical storms or hurricanes in Atlantic Basin. This name was ranked #340 on the US Popular Names in 2021.

People 

 Nicole Kidman, Australian-American actress, producer, and model
 Nicole Scherzinger, American singer, songwriter, dancer, actress, and television personality
 Nicole Jung, South Korean-American singer

References

Given names
The Dancing Class is an oil painting by Edgar Degas painted about 1870. It was the first of his ballet pictures. It depicts a dance class at the Paris Opéra. When he painted this picture, Degas did not yet have privileges to go backstage at the Opéra. In the late 1870s, Degas said, "I have done [painted] so many of these dance examinations without having seen them that I am a little ashamed of it."

Joséphine Gaujelin (or Gozelin) is the dancer in the center of the picture. She waits for the starting note from the ballet master. The watering can (to wet down the rosin on the floor), the top hat as music holder, and the empty violin case are props that Degas would continue to use in his ballet pictures. Degas would re-use the poses in this picture many times.

References 
 

1870s paintings
Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
French paintings
Diastereomers (also called diastereoisomers) are stereoisomers which are not enantiomers. They are molecules which have the same atoms and bonds but different stereochemistry in at least one, but not all, of their chiral centres. Diastereomers can have very different properties even though they look similar. This is different from enantiomers, that have exactly the same properties except when in a chiral environment like the human body.

Every chiral centre in a molecule has two possible ways of putting the groups in space. With only one chiral centre, there are two enantiomers. With two chiral centres, you can form 4 different isomers. When all chiral centres are changed at the same time, two pairs of enantiomers are formed. When only one chiral centre is changed at a time, sets of diastereoisomers are formed. With more chiral centres the possibilities are many more.
Diastereoisomers which are different at only one of more chiral centres are called epimers. For example, D-Threose and D-Erythrose (see picture) are diastereomers because they are different at only one of two chiral centres. Because of this they can also be called epimers.

References 

Stereochemistry
The rate-determining step is the step for which the transition state has the highest energy. It is the slowest step within a chemical reaction. It can be thought of as the most difficult step to go through. It is also the step that must be used to calculate the activation energy.

Knowing which step is rate-determining is very important when studying a reaction mechanism. This is because if this step is changed the reaction can go much faster. This can be done for example by using a different reagent or changing the temperature or pressure. Changing the conditions for any other step of the mechanism will not change the overall speed of the reaction at all.

In the rate equation, which is an equation to calculate the speed of the reaction from the concentration of molecules, usually the only step that is important is the rate-determining one.

Chemical kinetics

ja:反応速度#律速段階
Japanese Footbridge is an oil painting by Claude Monet. It was painted in 1899. It measures 81.3 x 101.6 cm (32 x 40 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery of Art. 

In 1893, Monet moved to a house in rural Giverny. In 1893 and the years following, he turned a swampy area at Giverny into a water lily pool. It became a source of artistic inspiration.
In 1899 Monet painted 12 works that centered on the garden and the Japanese Footbridge he constructed. The National Gallery of Art writes: "When Monet exhibited these paintings at Durand–Ruel's gallery in 1900, a number of critics mentioned his debt to Japanese art. More telling, the impenetrable green enclosure—heightened in the National Gallery painting by the placement of the top of the bridge's arch just below the painting's top edge—harkens back to the hortus conclusus (closed garden) of medieval images, while also evoking a dreamlike contemplative zone consonant with symbolist literature, especially poems such as "Le Nénuphar blanc" by Stéphane Mallarmé
. Gustave Geffroy described this effect in his review of the exhibition (Le Journal, November 26, 1900), speaking of "this minuscule pool where some mysterious corollas blossom," and "a calm pool, immobile, rigid, and deep like a mirror, upon which white water lilies blossom forth, a pool surrounded by soft and hanging greenery which reflects itself in it."
References 

Landscape paintings
1890s paintings
Paintings by Claude Monet
Paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Reproductions available in many sizes at Art Studio Gallery La Fayette
As part of his extensive gardening plans at Giverny, Monet had a pond dug in his garden and planted with lilies in 1893. He painted the subject in 1899, and thereafter it dominated his art. He worked continuously for more than twenty years on a large-scale decorative series, attempting to capture every observation, impression, and reflection of the flowers and water. The series captures the blooms at different times of the day, and under different atmospheric conditions. After much hesitation, Monet exhibited a group of 48 water-lily paintings in 1909 at the Paris gallery of his art dealer, Paul Durand-Ruel. The series became an enormous financial, popular, and critical hit. By the mid-1910s, Monet had achieved a completely new, fluid, and somewhat audacious style of painting in which the water-lily pond became the point of departure for an almost abstract art.

Related pages
 Rouen Cathedral (Monet)

References

Other websites

 Water Lilies at the Portland Art Museum
Landscape paintings
Paintings by Claude Monet
1900s paintings
Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
Piper Laurie (born Rosetta Jacobs; January 22, 1932 – October 14, 2023) was an American actress. She played Catherine in the television series Twin Peaks. She acted in the movies Carrie and Children of a Lesser God. She also acted in stage plays. She was married to movie critic Joe Morgenstern from 1962 until they divorced in 1982. She was born in Detroit, Michigan.

During her career, she won a Primetime Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Academy Award and BAFTA Award.

Laurie died in Los Angeles, California on October 14, 2023, at the age of 91.

References

American movie actors
Actors from Detroit
1932 births
2023 deaths
American television actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
American stage actors
Nighthawks is an oil painting. It was painted by American realist painter Edward Hopper in 1942. The picture shows two people sitting in a diner late at night. It is Hopper's most famous work. It is one of the most recognizable paintings in American art. Within months of its completion, it was sold to the Art Institute of Chicago for $3,000. It hangs in the Institute.

1940s paintings
American paintings
1942 works
The Attentive Nurse is an oil painting by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It measures 46.2 x 37 cm (18 3/16 x 14 9/16 in.). It was painted in 1747. It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. 

The National Gallery tells us that Chardin reveals dignity and beauty in everyday life. The woman is preparing an invalid's meal. Each object receives careful treatment from the artist. The table setting is a harmony of white tones: jug, tablecloth, egg, and plate. Every pot, each piece of crockery has been given distinct treatment. As Diderot wrote of Chardin, "it is not white, red, or black pigment that you mix on your palette, it is the very substance of objects."
Chardin's subjects were popular with all classes of society, including the aristocracy. The National Gallery writes, "Perhaps their appeal rested in their sense of order, of things in their proper place. Chardin anticipated the popularity of paintings of "sensibility," which increased from the 1740s on, telling a colleague that "one uses color, but one paints with sentiment."

References 
 

1740s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin
Paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
French paintings
1747
Broth or stock is a tasty soup. It is sometimes defined as the liquid part of soup. It can be made in boiling water by adding meat, fish or vegetables, and taking out the fat. It is sometimes used as an ingredient (or stuff) in recipes to make food taste better.

In Britain, a broth is a soup in which there are solid pieces of meat or fish, with some vegetables. It is usually made with a stock or plain water as its base, with meat or fish added while being brought to a boil, and vegetables added later. Broth is often made more substantial by adding rice, barley or pulses. Broth is distinct from stock, which is a thin liquid made by simmering raw ingredients until all the taste has been got, then sieving the resulting liquid. In Japan, other stuffs such as kelp, dried small sardines and katsuobushi are also used for Japanese dishes, too.

In the United States terms, broths are made from portions of meat, whereas stocks are made from vegetable scraps and bones.

Related pages 
Dashi

References 

Soups
Dr. Samuel James "Sam" Loomis (March 13, 1922 – c. October 29th, 1998) is an fictional British character in the Halloween. He is one of the main protagonists of Halloween, Halloween II, Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers, Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers and Halloween: The Curse of Michael Myers. Donald Pleasence plays the character of Dr. Loomis in all five movies relating to Michael Michael Myers from parts 1-2 and from parts 4-6 (He and Michael did not appear in part 3). 

From all the Halloween franchise, he is thought to be as the archenemy to the series' central character and main villain, Michael Myers. Dr. Loomis does not appear in the other movies after part six, because his portrayer Donald Pleasence died before part six was released. Malcolm McDowell plays Dr. Loomis in the 2007 re-make, Halloween and in its sequel Halloween II.

His name Samuel Loomis is based on John Gavin's character name from Alfred Hitchcock's 1960 horror movie Psycho.

References
References
 

Fictional British people
Fictional characters introduced in 1978
Halloween (franchise)
Movie characters
Horror movie characters
The Swing (1767-1768) is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1767-1768. It measures 81 × 64 cm (31.9 × 25.2 in). The painting depicts a woman kicking off her shoe as she flies up in a swing. A young man gazes up her skirt while another man controls the swing with a rope. It hangs in the Wallace Collection, London.

 
1760s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Walmor Chagas (August 28, 1930 – January 18, 2013) was a Brazilian actor. He was in over 50 movies since his career began in 1965. He is known for his roles in São Paulo, Sociedade Anônima, Xica da Silva, Sonho Meu, Esperança, Caminhos do Coração, and in A Favorita.

In 1956 he was awarded with Prêmio Saci.

Chagas was born on August 28, 1930 in Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Chagas committed suicide by shooting himself in the head on January 18, 2013 in his home in Guaratinguetá, São Paulo, Brazil, aged 81.

References

Other websites

1930 births
2013 deaths
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
People from Rio Grande do Sul
Suicides by firearm
The Swing is an oil painting by  Jean Fragonard. It was painted between 1775 and 1780. The picture measures 215.9 x 185.5 cm (85 x 73 1/16 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.

References 

1770s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
Subaru Corporation which used to be named Fuji Heavy Industries  is a Japanese manufacturing company that makes Subaru cars, aircraft for the Japanese Self Defence Force, engines, garbage trucks and wind turbines.

References

Other websites
The Company's website 

Manufacturing companies of Japan
Subaru
1950s establishments in Japan
1953 establishments in Asia
Companies based in Tokyo
The Copper Cistern is an oil painting on oak by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It was painted in around 1735. It measures 28.5 cm x 23 cm (11.22 in x 9.06 in). It hangs in the Louvre. Chardin chose themes that were popular with all classes of 18th century Parisian society.

References
 

1730s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin
1735
A Rage in Harlem is a 1991 movie starring Forest Whitaker, Danny Glover, Robin Givens and Gregory Hines. The movie is set around 1950s New York City. It was given an R rating by the MPAA. The movie was shot in Cincinnati.

1991 comedy movies
English-language movies
American comedy movies
American independent movies
The Cellar Boy is an oil painting on canvas by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It was painted sometime between 1736 and 1738. It measures 46 cm x 38 cm (18.11 in x 14.96 in). It hangs in a private collection. Chardin chose themes that were popular with all classes of Parisian society.

References 
 

1730s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin
1738
Ginza  is an area of Central (Chuo) Tokyo ward, it is known for its expensive shops.

Related pages
Ginza Station
Tokyo Metro Ginza Line

Tokyo
Soap Bubbles is an oil painting on canvas by Jean-Baptiste-Simeon-Chardin. It was painted sometime between 1733 and 1735. It measures 93 cm x 74.5 cm (36.61 in x 29.33 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. Chardin chose homely subjects that proved popular with all classes of  French society. For example, he painted several pictures of boys playing.

The National Gallery of Art writes, "For the 18th–century viewer, bubbles were a form of entertainment. But they also were a symbol of the transience of life. The subject was popular; Chardin made at least three and probably four versions of this painting."
The National Gallery of Art continues: "Chardin has rigorously constructed his composition. The boys are framed by a rectangular stone window, the sharp rectangles offset by the hunched youth whose arms and head form a triangle. This triangular shape is echoed in the hat of the younger boy. The focus of the composition, however, is the circular, translucent bubble, which glistens against the warm brown tones of the canvas."

References
 
 

1730s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin
Paintings in the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC
1735
[[File:Happy Lovers.jpg|thumb|300px|The Happy Lovers]]The Happy Lovers'' is an oil painting on canvas by the French painter Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted sometime between 1760-1765. It measures . It hangs in the Norton Simon Museum.

References 
 

1760s paintings
Paintings by Jean-Honoré Fragonard
Lilacs and Roses is an oil painting on canvas by Édouard Manet. It was one of his late works, painted in 1883. It measures 54 × 45 cm. It is in a private collection. The painting is a development of the small vase of roses on the bar in Manet's The Bar at the Folies-Bergère. 

Many of Manet's later works offered a small still life in the lower left hand corner of the picture. The flowers present a "cross" shape that is broken by a diagonal line through the center.  The brushwork is exceptional. The picture is one of the masterpieces of Manet's later years.

References 
 

1880s paintings
Paintings by Édouard Manet
End of the Lunch is an oil painting by Pierre Auguste Renoir. It was painted in 1879. François Mathey writes, "This picture, redolent with a warm, healthy, and vibrant sensuality was painted under the arbor of Oliver's restaurant in Montmartre." The people in the picture are Ellen Andrée, the artist's current model Marguerite, and the son of someone who owned a ship.

References  
 

1870s paintings
French paintings
Stoke Newington is an area of the London Borough of Hackney, northeast of central London.

Related pages
Stoke Newington railway station

Other websites
The Reservoirs Nature Society (TeRNS), Stoke Newington's wildlife group

London Borough of Hackney
Girl Most Likely is a 2012 American comedy movie. It stars Kristen Wiig as Imogene, Annette Bening as Zelda, Natasha Lyonne as Allyson and Matt Dillon. This comedy deals with gambling troubles and suicide attempts. It got mixed to positive reviews from the critics.

2012 comedy movies
English-language movies
American comedy movies
American independent movies
RoboCop (RoboCop 4) is a 2014 American action science fiction thriller movie. It stars Joel Kinnaman, Gary Oldman, Samuel L. Jackson, and Michael Keaton. RoboCop is a remake of the 1987 action picture by the same name. This action picture is set in 2028 Detroit and was shot there. It was released on February 12, 2014 by Columbia Pictures. It also follows RoboCop 2 (1990) and RoboCop 3 (1993).

Other websites

2014 action movies
2014 science fiction movies
2014 thriller movies
2010s action thriller movies
2010s movie remakes
American action thriller movies
American movie remakes
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2010s English-language movies
Movies set in Detroit
Movies set in the future
RoboCop
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Passiflora is also known as the passion flowers or passion vines. It is a genus of about 500 species of flowering plants. They are mainly vines, with some being shrubs, and a few species being herbaceous.  See passionfruit for information about the fruit of the passiflora plant.

The family Passifloraceae is characterized by a pantropical distribution. Passiflora is absent from Africa, which, instead, hosts many other members of its family  (e.g. the more plesiomorphic Adenia).

There are nine species of Passiflora native to the USA, from Ohio to the north, west to California and south to the Florida Keys. Most other species are found in South America, China, and Southern Asia, New Guinea, four or more species in Australia and an  endemic species in New Zealand.

Malpighiales
Operation Entebbe, also known as Operation Jonathan, was an Israeli hostage rescue mission. It took place in July 1976 in Entebbe, Uganda. An Air France airplane was hijacked on 27 June 1976 by German and Palestinian terrorists wanted the release of prisoners held in Israel and four other countries. Many of the hostages were later released but 106 Israelis and Jews were still held. Israeli special forces planned and executed a daring long-range rescue of the remaining 106 passengers on 4 July 1976. 102 of the passengers were rescued. Lt Col Yonatan Netanyahu, who led the mission, was the only rescuer to be killed in action.

Hijacking

On 27 June 1976 Air France flight AF-139 was hijacked by German and Palestinian terrorists. One third of the passengers on the airplane were Jewish. Two of the hijackers were members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). The other two were members of the Baader-Meinhof gang from Germany. The hijackers forced the plane to go to Entebbe.
On June 29th, the Israel Defense Force (IDF) held a meeting to discussed a raid to free the hostages. There were 3 major problems with this. The first problem was that Uganda was  away from Israel. The fact that the plane was owned by a French company was also an issue. The third main issue was the fact that only one third of the passengers were Jewish. And of these, not all of them were from Israel.
Soon after noon on July 3rd, four C-130's took off from Israel with the troops for the rescue mission. Their path to Entebbe was carefully selected to avoid being seen by Soviet ships or Egyptian radar. At 11 PM the plane reached Entebbe. A black Mercedes limousine  and 2 Land Rover were used to lead troops to the airport. The vehicles were the same as those Amin was known to use. The Mercedes had Ugandan flags and all 35 commandos wore Ugandan uniforms. As they got near the building where the hostages were kept, two sentries went to stop them. Netanyahu told his vehicles to slow down. When the two sentries were in range, he had his troops shoot them with silenced weapons. One of the sentries was hit and killed. The other was not killed. When he tried to use his weapon, Israeli troops quickly killed him with AK-47s. This caused much noise and the hijackers knew something was now happening. The element of surprise was believed to be lost. The troops moved quickly to the building
. The terrorist outside the building ran inside  yelling "The Ugandans have gone nuts - they're shooting at us!" The element of surprise was still there. The terrorists did not realize it was Israeli troops attacking them.
Outcome
It took the Israelis about 10 minutes to clear the building. The entire raid lasted just 99 minutes. The Ugandan soldiers and all seven terrorists were killed. Of the 106 passengers, three were killed. 102 were rescued. One of the hostages was not found. Netanyahu had been shot in the chest and 10 other of the Israeli military were injured. Netanyahu was the only one to die. The Israelis also destroyed at least 8 Russian-built MIG fighters. This was  a quarter of Uganda's air force.
The hostages were then flown to Nairobi, Kenya. While there, some of the injured were treated by Israeli doctors. At least two people were moved to a hospital there. The rescued hostages were then taken back to Israel. It was later learned that one Israeli woman, Dora Bloch, the missing hostage, had been removed from the airport for medical reasons. She was later killed by the Ugandans on Idi Amin's order. Her body was  discovered under a field and was returned to Israel for burial in 1979, after Idi Amin's dictatorship ended that year. 

While officially known as Operation Entebbe, it is more often referred to as Operation Jonathan, named after Yonatan Netanyahu.

References

1976
Terrorist attacks
History of Uganda
1970s in Israel
Mossad
Dido and Aeneas (/ˈdaɪdoʊ/ "Dy-doh and eh-Nee-us") is a three-act English opera. The story and words were written by Nahum Tate. The music was written by Henry Purcell. The opera was probably written about 1684-1685. Dido is Purcell's only true opera. It was possibly modeled on John Blow's Venus and Adonis. Blow's piece was written and staged about the same time. Marc-Antoine Charpentier's little French operas may also have served as models. French music was appreciated at the English court.

The opera was intended for performance at the court. The death of Charles II may have caused it to be postponed however. The first performance occurred in a Chelsea girls' school run by Josias Priest (the dancing master at court) in 1689. Tragedy and comedy are deftly combined in Dido. The lovers' scenes are tense with emotion. The witches' scenes are filled with comical cackling and mischief-making.
The story of the opera is taken from Virgil's Aeneid. It tells of the Trojan Aeneas' tragic love for Dido, the Queen of Carthage. The opera manuscript has been lost or destroyed. Research and performance rely on earliest printed copies. Some music is believed missing from these early copies. That music is composed afresh by modern composers in Purcell's style. Sometimes music Purcell composed about 1685 is inserted into the score to make up for the lack of the original music. Dido and Aeneas is Purcell's best known work.
Background
The words and story (the libretto) of Dido and Aeneas were written by Nahum Tate. The music was written by Henry Purcell. The date for the opera's composition is usually given as 1689. This has been called into question. The work is closer to the music Purcell composed in 1684-1685. The true date of composition probably falls in the middle-1680s rather than 1689. In the middle of the decade, Josias Priest's Chelsea boarding school for young ladies performed John Blow's Venus and Adonis. This little opera was possibly the model for Purcell's work.
The opera was probably intended for a performance at court. The death of Charles II in February 1685 may have been a reason to postpone the performance. There is no evidence that the opera was performed at court at this time. The opera was first performed in 1689 at Priest's Chelsea girls' school, rather than at court.  The themes, the mythological subject, the plentiful dances, the pastoral setting, the formal concision are all indicative that it was intended for a noble audience rather than the common man. It is more likely these short forms of opera appealed to the English. They preferred song and spoken dialogue.
Dido may have been modeled on the little French operas of Marc-Antoine Charpentier. It may have been modeled on John Blow's Venus and Adonis, too. Venus was composed and staged about the same time as Dido. The action is carried forward in Dido by arioso passages. Choruses and dances are used to frame the various scenes. The intensity of emotion in the scenes for the lovers is contrasted with the grotesqueness of the witches' scenes. Comedy and tragedy are carefully balanced in Dido. This balance reveals Purcell's sense of drama.

After 1705, the opera disappeared from the stage. Occasionally, there were concert performances. In 1895, the first staged version in modern times was performed by students of the Royal College of Music to mark the bicentenary of Purcell's death.

Roles

Story
Roles

Story 

The story of the opera is taken from the Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil. Virgil was trying to create a national epic for the Romans in the way Homer did with The Iliad and The Odyssey for the Greeks. Aeneas is the son of Venus and Anchises of Troy. He flees his home after it is sacked by the Greeks. Ahead of him lies a seven year journey to Italy. Fate has decreed he will found a new nation. Aeneas arrives in Carthage. Queen Dido is mourning her dead husband, a man to whom she swore eternal fidelity. She has fallen in love with Aeneas, and he with her.
Act 1. Belinda tries to cheer Dido. Belinda assumes Dido is concerned about Aeneas, "the Trojan guest". It is so. Dido is obviously in love with him. Aeneas is in love with her. The chorus urges them to enjoy their love. "The Triumphing Dance" closes the act.
Act 2. Scene 1: In the cave of a sorceress, the witches decide to ruin Dido's happiness by having Aeneas set sail for Italy. They conjure a storm. To thunder and lightning the Witches perform an "Echo Dance of Furies". Scene 2: Aeneas, Dido, and the courtiers seek shelter in a grove. The storm grows. The ladies hurry away. A Spirit conjured by the Witches advises Aeneas to leave Carthage. Aeneas believes the advice is Jove's command. He decides to sail. He wonders how he will pacify Dido.
Act 3. Sailors dance. One sailor sings a lusty tune. The Sorceress and the Witches are glad to see Aeneas preparing to depart. They vow to do him more harm when once he is at sea. The witches dance. Dido and her train enter. Aeneas enters a moment later. Dido bids Aeneas be off. Aeneas refuses. Dido again urges him to leave. He finally goes. Dido kills herself.
Musical numbers

The original manuscript does not exist. Research depends upon the earliest printed copies. Some pieces are believed missing. Sometimes music Purcell composed in the middle 1680s is put into the score to balance the loss. Sometimes the missing music is composed completely afresh in Purcell's style.

The opera's tragic outcome is hinted at almost at once in the accompaniment to the Queen's Act 1 aria. The modulation in the ground bass from C minor to G minor on the words "I languish till my grief is known" anticipates the key of Dido's lament in Act 3. Purcell uses a ground bass at other moments: Dido's two arias (Acts 1 and 2) and in the aria "Oft she visits" in Act 2. This aria references Actaeon's tragic death by his own hounds. The word "ground" suggests that which will cover Dido after her death.
Overture
 Act 1.
 Shake the cloud - Belinda
 Ah! Belinda, I am prest - Dido
 Grief increases by concealing - Belinda
 When monarchs unite - Chorus
 Whence could so much virtue spring - Dido
 Fear no danger - Belinda, Second Woman
 See, Your Royal Guest appears - Belinda
 Cupid only throws the dart - Chorus
 If not for mine - Aeneas
 Pursue thy Conquest - Belinda
 To the hills and the vales - Chorus
 The Triumphing Dance
Act 2.
Prelude for the Witches
 Harm's our delight - Chorus
 The Queen of Carthage - Sorceress
 Ho, ho, ho! Ho, ho, ho! - Chorus
 But ere we this perform - Two Witches
 In our deep vaulted cell - Chorus
 Echo Dance of Furies
 Ritornelle
 Thanks to these lonesome vales - Belinda
 Oft she visits - Second Woman
 Behold, upon my bending spear - Aeneas
 Haste, haste to town - Belinda
 Stay, Prince and hear great Jove's command - Spirit
 Then since our charmes have sped - Chorus
 The Grove's Dance
Act 3.
 Prelude
 Come away - Chorus
 See the flags - Sorceress
 Our next motion - Sorceress
 Destruction's our delight - Chorus
 The Witches' Dance
 Your counsel all is urged in vain - Dido
 Great minds against themselves conspire - Chorus
 They hand, Belinda - Dido
 When I am laid in earth - Dido
 With dropping wings ye Cupids, come - Chorus

Orchestra

 Violins
 Violas
 Cellos
 Bass
 Viol de gamba
 Flûtes à bec
 Bass flûtes à bec
 Bassoon
 Clavier and Organ
 Theorboes
 Guitars

Notes

References
References

 
 
 

17th-century operas
1680s works
The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel is a 2011 British comedy-drama movie starring Judi Dench and Maggie Smith. It is based on the  novel These Foolish Things. John Madden is the director. This comedy-drama got very good reviews from critics. It was a box office hit. It made over $134 million worldwide.

References

Other websites 
 
 
 

2011 comedy-drama movies
2010s LGBT movies
British comedy-drama movies
British LGBT movies
English-language movies
LGBT comedy-drama movies
Movies set in Asia
Rajasthan
Movies directed by John Madden