Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The Boston Public Library is a municipal public library in Boston, Massachusetts. It was established in 1848. This library is also called Library for the Commonwealth.

References

Public Library
Libraries in the United States
1848 establishments in the United States
1840s establishments in Massachusetts
The Chicago Public Library (CPL) is the public library system that serves the City of Chicago in the U.S. state of Illinois. It has over 80 libraries in the city. The system was made in 1873.

References

Other websites

Libraries in the United States
Buildings and structures in Chicago
1873 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in Illinois
Chicago Public Schools (CPS) is a system of public schools in the city of Chicago. It is the third largest school district in the United States. CPS reported having 681 schools including 472 elementary schools, 106 high schools, 96 charter schools, and 7 contract schools. The current interim superintendent is Dr. Janice K. Jackson since December 2017.

References

Other websites

 Chicago Public Schools 

Chicago
Schools in Illinois
Richard Philip Lewis (born June 29, 1947) is an American comedian and actor. He was known for his roles as Marty Gold in Anything But Love and as himself in Curb Your Enthusiasm.

Lewis was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was raised in Englewood, New Jersey. Lewis is Jewish.

In April 2023, Lewis revealed he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.

References

Other websites
 

1947 births
Living people
People with Parkinson's disease
Jewish American actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American television personalities
Comedians from New York City
Comedians from New Jersey
Actors from New York City
Actors from New Jersey
People from Englewood, New Jersey
Englewood is a city in southeastern Bergen County, New Jersey. It was established as a city in 1899. About 27,150 people live in Englewood. Actors John Travolta and Richard Lewis were born in Englewood. 

Cities in Bergen County, New Jersey
1899 establishments in the United States
1890s establishments in New Jersey
Vladimir Antonovich Ivashko (Russian language: Влади́мир Анто́нович Ива́шко 28 October 1932 – 13 November 1994) was a Ukrainian politician. He was the leader of the Soviet Union for a short time. He became the leader in 1991. He ruled for five days until his political party was declared politically impotent and on 29 August 1991 it was banned.

Ivashko died from an "undisclosed long-illness" in Moscow, aged 62.

Ukk

1932 births
1994 deaths
Soviet politicians
Ukrainian politicians
Pietro Ingrao (March 30, 1915 – September 27, 2015) was an Italian politician, journalist and former partisan. He had been, for many years, a senior figure in the Italian Communist Party (PCI). He served as President of the Chamber of Deputies from June 5, 1976 to July 19, 1979.

Ingrao was born in Lenola, Italy. He died on September 27, 2015 at the age of 100 in Rome.

References

Further reading

Other websites

1915 births
2015 deaths
Italian communist politicians
Italian journalists
Politicians from Lazio
Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy)
Pairi Daiza (before Paradisio) is a private-owned property that has 55 hectares. It is a zoo and a botanical garden open to the public in Hainaut, Belgium. It has more than 55 acres. In this zoo there are approximately 5,000 animals. Pairi Daiza is owned by Pairi Daiza Belgium SA.

The parks has many different animal species. It also has many different activities and attractions for children.

Related pages
 List of botanical gardens

References

Other websites

Zoos
Botanical gardens in Europe
Organizations based in Belgium
The Latin School of Chicago is a private elementary, middle, and high school in Chicago. The school was founded in 1888 by Mabel Slade Vickery. Latin School of Chicago is the oldest independent day school in the city of Chicago. Nancy Reagan studied at the Latin School.

Buildings and structures in Chicago
Schools in Illinois
1888 establishments in Illinois
Euclid is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. It is near Cleveland. It has a population of 48,920 people. It was made a city in 1930.

Cities in Ohio
Clovis points are the characteristic spear-heads used by the North American Clovis culture. They date from about 13,500 years ago. They are called after the city of Clovis, New Mexico, where examples were first found in 1929.

To the right is a typical Clovis point. The length is 4–20 cm/1.5–8 inches, width: 2.5–5 cm/1–2 inches. The sides are parallel to convex, and show careful pressure flaking along the blade edge. The back end of the blade and base are shaped for hafting (attaching) to a wooden spear or knife-handle.

References 

Tools
History of North America
The Kingdom of Sardinia was a monarchy that ruled the Italian island of Sardinia. It was established in 1324. It was given to the House of Habsburg. They were eventually forced to give it to the House of Savoy. Since the House of Savoy also ruled Piedmont, the Kingdom was sometimes referred to as Sardinia-Piedmont. The Savoy family ruled from 1720 till 1861 when Italy officially united itself. Under the Savoy family, the capital of the state was Turin. The territory also included the city and surrounding land of Genoa. In Italian it was known as the Regno di Sardegna.

The kingdom was originally made up of the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. Sovereignty over both of those was claimed by the Popes. While under Spanish rule, the state was ruled by viceroys.

Notable monarchs
Philip V of Spain ruled over the vast Spanish Empire including Sardinia. 
Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia first of the House of Savoy to rule the territory.
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy later the first king of a united Italy.
1324 establishments
1861 disestablishments
Former monarchies in Italy
House of Savoy
1320s establishments in Europe
Establishments in Italy
1860s disestablishments in Italy
Brita Koivunen-Einiö (31 August 1931 – 12 April 2014) was a Finnish jazz and schlager singer. Some of her most famous songs include "Suklaasydän", "Sävel rakkauden" and "Mamma, tuo mies minua tuijottaa" all from the 1950s. She was born in Helsinki.

Koivunen died on 12 April 2014 in Helsinki, aged 82.

References

Other websites
 Brita Koivunen biography  

1931 births
2014 deaths
Finnish jazz musicians
Singers from Helsinki
Bangladesh–Laos relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Laos. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were officially started in 1988. Laos also supports Bangladesh getting observer status in ASEAN.

References

L
Laos
Norman P. Girvan (1941 – 9 April 2014) was a Jamaican economist, educator, and politician. He was Secretary General of the Association of Caribbean States from 2000 until 2004. He was born in Saint Andrew Parish, Surrey County.

Girvan suffered a fall in Dominica sometime in early 2014. He died on 9 April 2014 in Cuba, aged 72.

Related pages
List of scientists from North America

References

Other websites
 

1941 births
2014 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Economists
Educators
Jamaican politicians
Michael Christopher Sheen  (born 5 February 1969) is a Welsh actor. He was first known as a stage actor and appeared in plays such as Romeo and Juliet (1992), Don’t Fool With Love (1993), Peer Gynt (1994), The Seagull (1995), The Homecoming (1997) and Henry V (1997). He soon became a screen actor and had many roles in movies such as The American President (1995), The Deal (2003), The Queen (2006), Frost/Nixon (2008), The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2009), The Damned United (2009), Unthinkable (2010), Alice in Wonderland (2010), Tron: Legacy (2010), Beautiful Boy (2010), The Special Relationship (2010) and The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 (2012).

Sheen was born in Newport. He was in a relationship with English actress Kate Beckinsale from 1995 until 2003. They have a daughter, Lily Mo Sheen (born 1999 in London). In mid-2019 Sheen announced that he and his partner, Anna Lundberg, were expecting their first child together. The couple's daughter Lyra was born on 23 September 2019.

References
References

Other websites

 
 

1969 births
Living people
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People from Newport
Welsh movie actors
Welsh stage actors
Welsh television actors
Welsh voice actors
Apple Jacks is a type of breakfast cereal made by the cereal maker Kellogg's. It has the flavor of apples and cinnamon. The cereal was invented by William Thilly and was introduced in 1965 as "Apple O's". Kellogg's Apple Jacks introduced "Cinnamon Jacks", a multi-grain cinnamon flavored cereal in 2013.

Advertising 
The first Apple Jacks mascot in the 1960s was "Apple Guy", a figure made from cutting a face onto an apple and applying a hat and pieces of cereal for eyes. 
In the late 60s the box related an "Apple Car" with pieces of cereal for wheels. This campaign retired around 6 years later in 1971.

References

Other websites 
Apple Jacks  on kelloggs.com
Cinnamon Jacks website

Breakfast cereals
The Esmeraldas River is a river in northwestern Ecuador. It flows into the Pacific Ocean at the city of Esmeraldas. Among its tributaries is the Guayllabamba River which drains Quito.

Rivers of Ecuador
The Zarumilla River is a river in South America. It marks the border between Peru and Ecuador. It is named after the Peruvian town of Zarumilla.

Rivers of Ecuador
Rivers of Peru
The Tumbes River ( or Río Túmbez in Peru; Río Puyango in Ecuador), is a river in South America. The river's sources are located between Ecuadorian El Oro and Loja provinces. It borders Ecuador and Peru. The city of Tumbes is located along the river.

Rivers of Ecuador
Rivers of Peru
The Pastaza (formerly known as the Sumatara) is a large tributary to the Marañón River in the northwestern Amazon Basin of South America. It is in Ecuador.

References

Rivers of Ecuador
The Land Transport Authority (LTA) began conducting a public consultation exercise over the internet as well as through survey forms to gather public feedback on the naming of stations for the Thomson Line. Public consultation to source names for all the stations was held from 8 January 2013 to 17 February 2013. Three names for each station were shortlisted for public voting from 23 May 2013 to 17 June 2013.

Related pages
 List of Singapore MRT stations

References

Rail transport lists
The Pinwheel galaxy (Messier 101, M101 or NGC 5457) is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major, the Great Bear.

The galaxy is 21 million light-years (six megaparsecs) away from us. It was  first discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 27 1781. Charles Messier verified its position and included it in the Messier Catalogue as one of the last entries.

In 2006, NASA and the ESA released a very detailed image of the Pinwheel Galaxy, which was the largest and most detailed image of a galaxy by the Hubble Space Telescope at the time. The image was composed from 51 individual exposures, plus some extra ground-based photos.

Interesting features 
On August 24 2011, a Type Ia supernova, SN 2011fe, was discovered in M101.
A remarkable property of this galaxy are its huge and extremely bright H II regions, of which about 3,000 can be seen on photographs like the Hubble image. H II regions have numbers of short-lived young and massive blue stars formed from clouds of high density molecular hydrogen. These regions give off huge amounts of ultraviolet light that ionizes the surrounding gas. 

The galaxy contains ULX-1 (an ultra-luminous X-ray source), which is a relatively small black hole, just 20 to 30 times the mass of our Sun.

References 

Spiral galaxies
Sir Michael Louis David Fabricant (born 12 June 1950) is a British Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Mid Staffordshire from 1992 to 1997. He has been the MP for Lichfield since 1997.

Early life
Fabricant was born in Brighton into a Jewish family. He went to Brighton Secondary Technical School. 

1950 births
Living people
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Jewish British politicians
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Bitterns are waterbirds, living mostly in freshwater sites. They are a type of heron, wading birds in the family Ardeidae. They are shorter-necked, and more secretive than other herons.  Most of them have good camouflage amongst the reeds where they make their nests.

Bitterns form a monophyletic subfamily of the herons, the Botaurinae.

Bitterns usually frequent reedbeds and similar marshy areas, and feed on amphibians, reptiles, insects, and fish. Unlike the similar storks, ibises, and spoonbills, herons and bitterns fly with their necks retracted, not outstretched.

They were called hæferblæte in Old English; the word "bittern" came to English from Old French.

Bitterns are in three genera. The genus Ixobrychus contains mainly small species. The genus Botaurus has the larger bitterns. There is a single species in a third genus, Zebrilus. The distribution of bitterns is pretty much worldwide.

References 

Ardeidae
Peter Liechti (8 January 1951 – 6 April 2014) was a Swiss movie director. He directed over 100 Swiss-German movies. He was nominated for many awards. 

Most of his movies were shown at the Berlin International Film Festival (BIFF). Recently, he was awarded an honorary awards at the BIFF in 2013. He was born in St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Liechti died on 6 April 2014, aged 63.

References

1951 births
2014 deaths
Swiss movie directors
Swiss movie producers
People from St. Gallen
Elmwood is a city in Peoria County, Illinois. It is near the city of Peoria. 

Elmwood
Hockey Night in Canada is a branding that is used for presentations of the National Hockey League (NHL) by CBC Sports. It started in 1931 on the CNR Radio network. It debuted on television on October 11, 1952. It has different segments during intermissions and between games including Don Cherry's Coach's Corner. 

On November 26, 2013, it was announced by the NHL that they had reached a 12-year, $5.2 billion deal with Rogers Communications for exclusive television and digital rights to all their national NHL broadcasts starting at the beginning of the 2014-15 season.

References

Other websites
 Official website
 
 

1931 establishments in North America
1950s television series
1960s television series
1970s television series
1980s Canadian television series
1990s Canadian television series
2000s Canadian television series
2010s Canadian television series
Canadian television series
National Hockey League
Radio programs
Sports television series
1930s establishments in Canada
Behavioral economics is a smaller part of economics that combines what we know about psychology with what we know about economics. Normally, economics does not consider the way humans actually think, but instead, simplifies decision-making to make economic models easier to understand. However, this is not a complete picture of how the world, and economics, really works.  Normally, economists assume people are rational, meaning they make good decisions at the right times using all information. In real life, people do not do this. They are subject to problems with self-control, problems with time, and make different choices depending on how decisions are presented to them. Behavioral economists look at the world given problems and limitations that result when real humans are faced with decisions.
The study of behavioral economics really began to develop in the middle and towards the end of the 20th century. Psychologists Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman wrote a paper called “Prospect Theory,” which was about how the way choices are presented to somebody is just as important as the choices themselves when an individual is making a decision. Later, Hersh Shefrin and Richard Thaler created a savings model which explains how people do not figure out how much to save and spend to stay at a constant level. People would rather spend more now, because humans prefer gratification in the near future. By 1994, Harvard University hired a professor to teach behavioral economics as its own subject. Now, behavioral economics helps explain many complex things that people do. There are many applications of the research, such as how to make public policy more effective or marketing and advertising applications
. Also, there are other areas of study branching off from behavioral economics, like behavioral finance, which deals with how people make investments.
Topics 
Behavioral economics can explain many different kinds of human actions. Some of the topics within the field are:

Loss aversion/Prospect Theory: People are made more upset by losses than they are made happy by gains of the same amount. This is important for how people think about taking risks. Related is the disposition effect, which is closely related to behavioral finance. The disposition effect is the tendency for investors to hold onto losing stocks too long, and sell winning ones too soon. This concept relates to loss aversion, since the investors are putting off making their losses a reality.  Also related is the behavioral economic concept of “status quo bias.” This explains that, against what economics would expect, people seem to like their current state more than any other state they see as different.
Mental Accounting:  People have separate mental accounts when it comes to spending and saving.  Each mental account has a different degree of willingness to spend connected to it, and people assign activities to mental accounts.

Anchoring/ Status Quo Bias: When given an option automatically, people tend to want to stay with that choice, whether or not that choice is what should be best for them.

Unbounded Selfishness: People are mostly driven by self-interest, and will act in a way which produces the best outcome for themselves.

Unbounded Willpower: Individuals lack self-control. Even when they know what is in their best interest, they tend to act otherwise. People are also somewhat aware of their limited willpower.
Now that behavioral economics is growing in popularity, and more social scientists are researching the topic, ways to apply ideas are becoming more common. If framing a choice a certain way will “nudge,” or push, someone to make a better decision, those who are in charge of creating options can use this to produce a better outcome. These outcomes can range from increasing physical activity to decreasing obesity and changing eating habits, to lessening energy use or to reshaping government policies. In the future, the hope is that through small changes, the public will receive large-scale benefits. In Denmark, the Danish government is employing the concept of anchoring to increase the number of drivers who are organ donors. In the United States, the White House has hired Cass Sunstein, a behavioral economist, to help guide policymakers. Richard Thaler also works in the US Cabinet on the new Behavioral Insight Team.  The U.S
.  The U.S., as well as Britain, has considered the idea of default options helping increase retirement savings.
Problems 
One of the biggest arguments economists have against behavioral economics is that much of its research comes from small-scale research data, instead of real world sources. In addition, a lot of behavioral economic researchers use college students in their studies. College students have less experience than normal individuals. Since this population is a poor representation of an average person, data might show different results than it should.

Some psychologists argue that while behavioral economics is a step in the right direction in explaining why people act they way that they do, it is still far behind in research. They feel that it just changed traditional neoclassical economic theory, when they need to look deeper as to what is actually going on a more psychological and intellectual level.

References 

Socioeconomics
Economic theories
Tropical Storm Thelma was a 1991 tropical storm. Its winds were near 45-50 mph. It killed between 5,000 and 8,000 people in the Philippines. It hit Negros Occidental, Leyte Island, and Vietnam. The storm caused also about $28 million in damage.

After this, the name Thelma was not used for tropical storms. It was replaced by Teresa.

Tropical cyclones in Asia
1991 in Asia
1990s in the Philippines
20th century in Vietnam
Deadly storms
Retired tropical cyclone names
1990s in weather
Jozef P. A. "Jos" Chabert (16 March 1933 – 9 April 2014) was a Belgian politician for Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (Christian Democratic and Flemish; CD&V). He was a Minister of State from 24 November 2009 until his death. Before this, he was a member of the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region. He was born in Etterbeek, Brussels-Capital Region.

From 1965 to 1976 he was an alderman of Meise.

Chabert died on 9 April 2014 in Brussels, aged 81.

References

1933 births
2014 deaths
Brussels-Capital Region politicians
Christelijke Volkspartij politicians
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams politicians
Disease-related deaths in Belgium
Flemish politicians
Government ministers of Belgium
People from Brussels-Capital Region
Emilee Wallace (born September 19, 1989) is an American actress.

Career
Wallace began her acting career in 2005. She has appeared in episodes of the television series Judging Amy (2005), Grey's Anatomy (2006), Cold Case (2008), Boston Legal (2008), Glee (2009, 2013), Ghost Whisperer (2010), Workaholics (2012), Rizzoli & Isles (2012–present). Apart from television work, she also appeared on the television movies Company Town (2006) and Amish Grace (2010), and her first feature movie Balls Out: Gary the Tennis Coach (2008).

Filmography

Television

Other

Personal life
Wallace was born in Oklahoma City and raised in Edmond, Oklahoma. Her brother, BJ (born 1991), is also an actor. She went to California State University (CSU) and now lives in Los Angeles, California.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1989 births
Actors from Oklahoma City
American movie actors
American television actors
Living people
Fred Kida (December 12, 1920 – April 3, 2014) was a Japanese-American  comic book and comic strip artist. He was best known for the 1940s aviator hero Airboy and his antagonist and sometime ally Valkyrie during the Golden Age of Comic Books. He was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York.

Kida died from natural causes on April 3, 2014, aged 93.

References

Other websites
 Fred Kida  at The Comic Book Database 

1920 births
2014 deaths
American cartoonists
American comics artists
People from New York City
Championships
American Wrestling Association
AWA United States Heavyweight Championship (two times)
AWA World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
AWA World Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Hard Boiled Haggerty)
Cauliflower Alley Club
Other honoree (1992)
Japan Wrestling Association
JWA All Asia Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Caripus Hurricane)
NWA International Heavyweight Championship (one time)
Maple Leaf Wrestling
NWA British Empire Heavyweight Championship (Toronto version) (two times)
NWA Canadian Open Tag Team Championship (two times) (with Fritz Von Erich (one) and Don Leo Jonathan (one))
Montreal Athletic Commission
MAC International Heavyweight Championship (one time)
NWA: All-Star Wrestling
NWA British Empire Heavyweight Championship (Vancouver version) (two times)
NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (Vancouver version) (ten times) (with Mr. X (two), Don Leo Jonathan (one), Bob Brown (two), The Brute (one), Dutch Savage (one), Mr. Saito (one), Dale Lewis (one), and Siegfried Steinke (one))
NWA Pacific Coast Heavyweight Championship (Vancouver Version) (seven times)
NWA Pacific Coast Tag Team Championship (Vancouver Version) (three times) (with Killer Kowalski (one) and Hard Boiled Haggerty (two))
NWA Chicago
NWA World Tag Team Championship (Chicago Version) (one time) (with Dick Afflis)
NWA Los Angeles
NWA Los Angeles International Television Tag Team Championship (one time) (with John Tolos)
NWA Mid-Pacific Promotions
NWA Hawaii Heavyweight Championship (two times)
NWA North American Heavyweight Championship (Hawaii Version) (three times)
NWA Hawaii Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Lord James Blears)
NWA San Francisco
NWA World Tag Team Championship (San Francisco version) (three times) (with Lord James Blears)
NWA Western States Sports
NWA International Heavyweight Championship (Amarillo version) (one time)
Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
Class of 2008
Southwest Sports, Inc.
NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship (one time)
NWA Texas Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Len Crosby)
St. Louis Wrestling Club
NWA Missouri Heavyweight Championship (one time)
NWA World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
World Wrestling Association
WWA World Heavyweight Championship (one time)
World Wide Wrestling Federation
WWWF United States Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Waldo Von Erich)
St. Louis Wrestling Hall of Fame
(Class of 2007)
National Wrestling Alliance
NWA Hall of Fame (Class of 2009)
Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)
References

1928 births
2010 deaths
Canadian movie actors
Canadian professional wrestlers
Cancer deaths in Washington (state)
Deaths from brain cancer
Edmonton Elks players
Former WWE wrestlers
Sportspeople from Edmonton
Harry Edward Melling (born 13 March 1989) is an English actor. He is best known for playing Dudley Dursley in the Harry Potter films.

Early life
Melling was born in London. He became a member of the Millfield Theatre Youth Drama Group when he turned 9.

Career
Melling appeared in five of the Harry Potter films as Harry Potter's cousin Dudley Dursley. After the Harry Potter films ended Melling went to Lamda drama school.

References

Other websites
 

1989 births
Actors from London
British child actors
English movie actors
English television actors
Living people
Scott Walker (born Noel Scott Engel; January 9, 1943 – March 22, 2019) was an American-born British singer and record producer. He was born in Hamilton, Ohio. He became famous as the lead singer of the pop group The Walker Brothers in the 1960s. After The Walkers Brothers, broke up Walker released albums on his own. Walker was signed to 4AD Records. From 1965, he lived in the United Kingdom. He was an only child. On February 25, 2009, there was a tribute concert to Walker's music in Los Angeles.

Walker died at the age of 76 in London on March 22, 2019 from cancer.

References

1943 births
2019 deaths
Cancer deaths in London
American record producers
American singer-songwriters
Musicians from Ohio
Fine Wind, Clear Morning (also known as South Wind, Clear Sky and Red Fuji) is a woodblock print made by Hokusai. 

The art work was printed somewhere between 1830 and 1832 which was during the Edo period. It is the second print in the series, Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji. It shows that in early autumn when the wind is southerly and when the sky is clear, the rising sun can turn Mount Fuji red.

References

Other websites
Fine Wind, Clear Morning on the Indianapolis Museum of Art website
Fine Wind, Clear Morning  on the British Museum website

1830s works
Fred Ho (; born Fred Wei-han Houn; August 10, 1957 – April 12, 2014) was an American jazz baritone saxophonist, composer, bandleader, playwright, writer, and social activist. He was known for his place in the African-American and Asian-American music movement. He was born in Palo Alto, California.

Ho died of colorectal cancer at his home in Brooklyn, New York City. He was 56.

References

Other websites

 

1957 births
2014 deaths
American activists
American composers
American jazz musicians
American playwrights
American saxophonists
Bandleaders
Cancer deaths in New York City
Deaths from colorectal cancer
People from Palo Alto, California
Writers from California
Alton Towers is a theme park in Staffordshire, England. It is near the town Alton.

It has seven large roller coasters and three smaller roller coasters.

Theme: Escapism or escaping normal life

Roller coasters
Galactica - riders fly under the track. First flying roller coaster built by Bolliger & Mabillard.
Nemesis - riders sit under the track.
Oblivion - first vertical drop roller coaster [ 87 degrees drop ]
Rita - 61 mph launched roller coaster.
The Smiler - first roller coaster that turns riders upside down 14 times.
Thirteen - riders travel forwards and  backwards., and also has the first free fall drop.
Wickerman  - wooden roller coaster with fire effects.

Other websites

Theme parks in the United Kingdom
1980 establishments in England
Buildings and structures in Staffordshire
The History Boys is a play by Alan Bennett. It was first shown on 18 May 2004 in London at the Royal National Theatre. It was first shown on Broadway on 23 April 2006 at the Broadhurst Theatre.

Plot
The play starts in Cutlers' Grammar School in Sheffield. It is set in the early 1980s.

Sheffield
English plays
21st-century plays
2004 works
Scott Mitchell Putesky (April 28, 1968 – October 22, 2017), more famously known as Daisy Berkowitz, was an American musician. He was the guitarist for Marilyn Manson until 1996.

Putesky met Brian Warner at a party in 1989. They started Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids. He left the band on May 8, 1996.

In March 2013, he  joined with THEE PAUSE, to form "The Daisy Kids".

Death
Putseky was diagnosed with stage-four colorectal cancer in September 2013. He started chemotherapy that month. He died from the disease on October 22, 2017 in San Antonio, Texas at the age of 49.

References

1968 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Cancer deaths in Texas
American heavy metal musicians
American rock guitarists
Musicians from Florida
Carla Ragin Bozulich (born December 24, 1965) is an American musician. She is known for being the lead singer of the Geraldine Fibbers. She was born in New York City. In 1993 Happy Days, Sweetheart, the only album by Ethyl Meatplow, a band Bozulich was a member of, was released. In 2003 she released her first solo album, The Red Headed Stranger. In 2012 she released an album with Ches Smith.

References

Other websites
Official website

American guitarists
Musicians from New York City
Living people
1965 births
Rolf Brem (12 February 1926 – 11 April 2014) was a Swiss graphic artist. He was best known as a draftsman, sculptor and illustrator. Many of his sculptures are on display all over Switzerland in public and art galleries. He was born in Lucerne.

Brem died on 11 April 2014 in Meggen, Canton of Lucerne, aged 88.

References

Other websites

 

1926 births
2014 deaths
Illustrators
Swiss sculptors
People from Lucerne
Palaeoclimatology (or paleoclimatology) is the study of changes in climate over the entire history of Earth. Modern interest in climate change has caused a great increase in the climates of the past.

The climates of the past can only be studied by proxy. Data comes from studying rocks, sediments, ice and tree rings, corals, shells and microfossils. These records are used to work out the past states of the Earth's climate and its atmospheric system.

Studies of past changes in the life and ecosystems of the past may throw a light on the present. An example is the effect of climate on mass extinctions and the recovery of life after those extinctions.
Notable climate events in Earth history 
Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes further back in time. Some notable climate events:
 Faint young Sun 
 Huronian glaciation (~2400 mya Earth completely covered in ice probably due to Great Oxygenation Event)
 Later Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth (~600 mya, precursor to the Cambrian Explosion)
 Carboniferous rainforest collapse (~300 mya)
 Permian–Triassic extinction event (251.4 mya)
 Oceanic Anoxic Events (~120 mya, 93 mya, and others)
 Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event ( mya)
 Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (Paleocene–Eocene, 55mya)
 Younger Dryas/The Big Freeze (~11 kya)
 Holocene climatic optimum (~7-3 kya)
 Climate changes of 535–536 AD
 Medieval warm period (900–1300)
 Little ice age (1300–1800)

References 

Climate change
subfields of geology
Ground tissue is the name for a number of different kinds of tissue of plants. These kinds are usually classified by looking at the cell walls. There are three different main kinds:
Parenchyma cells have thin primary walls and usually remain alive after they become mature. Parenchyma forms the "filler" tissue in the soft parts of plants. 
Collenchyma cells have thin primary walls with some areas of secondary thickening. Collenchyma provides extra structural support, particularly in regions of new growth. 
Sclerenchyma cells have thick lignified secondary walls and often die when mature. Sclerenchyma provides the main structural support to a plant.

Plant anatomy
Plant tissues
Delegation were a British R&B and soul group. Their songs included "Oh Honey". They were active from 1975 until 1999.

"Oh Honey" was sampled by a lot of musicians in the 1980s and 1990s.

R&B bands
British pop music groups
1999 disestablishments in Europe

Musical groups established in 1975
1975 establishments in the United Kingdom
Musical groups disestablished in 1999
1990s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1999 in the United Kingdom
Jelly beans or jellybeans are a bean-shaped candy. They have a gel inside in a soft candy shell. They can come in many different flavors. They were created by William Schrafft and were first introduced in 1861. Schrafft wanted people to send the jelly beans that he made to soldiers during the American Civil War.

History 
Historians today believe that jelly beans were first linked with the celebration of Easter in the United States during the 1930s. There are different brands of jelly beans, but the main brand is Jelly Belly. Jelly Beans come in a variety of different flavours. They are chewy candies that are small and gooey. There are also Beanboozled jelly beans which are Jelly Beans with varying flavours. An average jellybean is  x  x  and weighs .

References

Candy
Wall Street is a 1987 American crime drama movie directed by Oliver Stone. It stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, Daryl Hannah, Martin Sheen, Eli Wallach, Terence Stamp, and Hal Holbrook. It was released on December 11, 1987 to very positive reviews.

It was followed by a sequel, Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps.

Other websites 

1987 crime movies
1987 drama movies
1980s crime drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
1980s American crime drama movies
1980s English-language movies
Manhattan in fiction
Movies directed by Oliver Stone
Movies set in New York City
Trading movies
The Fog is a 1980 American horror movie directed by John Carpenter. It is set in California. It stars Adrienne Barbeau, Jamie Lee Curtis, Tom Atkins, Janet Leigh, and Hal Holbrook. It was released to positive reviews on February 1, 1980.

A remake was made in 2005.

Other websites  

1980 horror movies
American horror movies
Movies set in California
Movies directed by John Carpenter
American independent movies
1980 independent movies
Magnum Force is a 1973 American action movie directed by Ted Post. It stars Clint Eastwood, Hal Holbrook, and Mitchell Ryan. It is the first sequel to Dirty Harry. It was released to positive reviews on December 25, 1973.

Other websites 

1973 crime movies
American action movies
American crime movies
American serial killer movies
Movies set in San Francisco
Sequel movies
1973 action movies
Movies directed by Ted Post
Mark Twain Tonight is a one man play starring Hal Holbrook as Mark Twain. His first performance as Twain was in 1954 in a college in Pennsylvania. Holbrook won a Tony Award for his performance as Twain. During this play, Holbrook tells some of Twain's stories or give some jokes about Twain's life.

Mark Twain

American plays
1950s plays
1954 works
McLemoresville is a small town in Carroll County, Tennessee. It has the population of 352.

Notable people 
Actress Dixie Carter was born here.

McLemoresville
Denison University is a university in Granville, Ohio. It is a liberal arts college. It is Ohio's second oldest liberal arts colleges. It was founded in 1831.  

Colleges and universities in Ohio
1831 establishments in Ohio
Rapture was the second album from Anita Baker. It was her breakout album. The album sold over eight million copies (five million in the United States).

This record was released in 1986. "Sweet Love" was one song from the album.

1986 albums
Pop albums
Jazz albums
R&B albums
Belhaven is a town in eastern of North Carolina. The town had 1,688 people at the 2010 census.

Geography 
The town is in the Inner Banks areas.

Towns in North Carolina
Leonard Barrie Corbin, known as Barry Corbin (born October 16, 1940), is an American actor. He is known for his roles in Northern Exposure, Lonesome Dove, WarGames, One Tree Hill, and in Anger Management.

Corbin was born in Lamesa, Texas.

References

Other websites

1940 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American video game actors
Actors from Texas
William Russell Enoch (born 19 November 1924), better known as William Russell, is an English actor. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. He is best known for the role as Ian Chesterton in Doctor Who.

References

Other websites

1924 births
Living people
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
English voice actors
People from Sunderland
Actors from County Durham
Ernesto Laclau (; 6 October 1935 – 13 April 2014) was an Argentine political theorist. He was a post-Marxist. His career began in 1986 as a professor at the University of Essex. He was born in Buenos Aires.

Laclau died of a heart attack in Seville, Spain, aged 78.

References

1935 births
2014 deaths
Academics of the University of Essex
Argentine academics
Scientists from Buenos Aires
Harvey Lawrence Pekar (; October 8, 1939 – July 12, 2010) was an American comic book writer, music critic and media personality. He is best known for his autobiographical American Splendor comic series. 

In 2003, the series inspired a well-received movie version of the same name.

Pekar was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He suffered from prostate cancer and clinical depression. He died in Cleveland Heights, Ohio from an accidental overdose of antidepressants fluoxetine and bupropion, aged 70.

References

Other websites

1939 births
2010 deaths
American comics writers
American television personalities
American music critics
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United States
Writers from Cleveland
The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, also known as the ERTA or "Kemp-Roth Tax Cut", was a federal law signed into law in the United States in 1981. 

It was an act "to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to encourage economic growth through reductions in individual income tax rates, the expensing of depreciable property, incentives for small businesses, and incentives for savings, and for other purposes". 

1981 in the United States
Presidency of Ronald Reagan
The U.S. Congress passed the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA) to simplify the income tax code, broaden the tax base and take away many tax shelters and other preferences. It was part of a set of bills known as the "Reagan tax cuts".

1986 in the United States
Presidency of Ronald Reagan
States' rights was a speech made by President Ronald Reagan in 1980. It happened in a county fair in Philadelphia, Mississippi. 

This is what Reagan said:

Many people believed that Reagan's speech was bad.

Other websites
 Recording of Reagan's speech. 

Speeches by Ronald Reagan
1980 in the United States
20th century in Mississippi
An American Life is the 1990 autobiography by former American President Ronald Reagan. It was released almost two years after Reagan left office. The book reached number eight on The New York Times Best Seller list.

References

1990 books
Ronald Reagan
American autobiographies
Liberal conservatism is a political ideology that combines elements of conservatism and economic liberalism. Liberal conservatives believe in the free market and laissez-faire economic policies combined with traditional conservative values, such as the belief in natural inequality, the importance of religion, and the value of traditional morality. In a way, liberal conservatism is the opposite of classical liberalism, a belief that supports both economic and individual freedom.

This term should not be confused for conservative liberalism, which is an offshoot of liberalism, not conservatism.

Political philosophy
Conservatism
Conservative liberalism is a political ideology that can be best described as representing the right-wing of the liberal ideology. Conservative liberalism is a more positive and less radical version of classical liberalism. For example, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, a political party in the Netherlands is a conservative liberal party.

Conservative liberalism should not be confused for liberal conservatism, which is an offshoot of conservatism, not liberalism.

Political philosophy
Conservatism
Liberalism
Richard William Brian Harradine (9 January 1935 – 14 April 2014) was an Australian politician. He served as an independent member of the Australian Senate, from 1975 to 2005. He represented the state of Tasmania. He was the longest-serving independent federal politician in Australian history and a Father of the Senate.

Harradine died in Tasmania, Australia from a stroke, aged 79.

References

1935 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Disease-related deaths in Australia
Independent politicians in Australia
Politicians from South Australia
Economic liberalism is a political ideology based on strong support for a market economy, private property in the means of production and opposition to government intervention in the economy, e.g. opposition to public ownership and opposing the regulation of industries. Economic liberals believe in the free market and laisse faire economic policies.

Political philosophy
Liberalism
Philadelphia is a city and a county seat of Neshoba, Mississippi, Mississippi, United States.  The population was 7,477 at the 2010 census.

References

Philadelphia
County seats in Mississippi
Alexander Gordon Jump (April 1, 1932 – September 22, 2003) was an American actor. He is known for playing Mr. Horton in a two-part special of Diff'rent Strokes. He is also known for playing the Maytag repairman. He was born in Dayton, Ohio.

Jump died in Los Angeles, California from pulmonary fibrosis, aged 71.

References

Other websites
 

1932 births
2003 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Deaths from pulmonary fibrosis
Disease-related deaths in Los Angeles
Actors from Dayton, Ohio
Jack Harold Paar (May 1, 1918 – January 27, 2004) was an American author, radio and television comedian and talk show host. He is best known as host of The Tonight Show from 1957 to 1962. He was born in Canton, Ohio.

Paar died in Greenwich, Connecticut from a stroke, aged 85.

References

Other websites

 

1918 births
2004 deaths
American television talk show hosts
Comedians from Ohio
Deaths from stroke
Television personalities from Ohio
Writers from Ohio
People from Canton, Ohio
Darlington is a town in Montgomery County, Indiana.

People 
It has a population of 843 residents.

Darlington
Lewis Niles Black (born August 30, 1948) is an American comedian, author, playwright, social critic, and actor. He is known for his Comedy Central series Lewis Black's Root of All Evils and for his voice role of Anger in Disney Pixar's Inside Out. He made a regular appearance on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. 

Black was born in Silver Spring, Maryland.

References

Other websites

1948 births
Living people
Actors from Maryland
American critics
American movie actors
American playwrights
American stage actors
American television actors
Comedians from Maryland
People from Silver Spring, Maryland
Writers from Maryland
Cedarville is a village in Greene County, Ohio. It has a population of 4,019 citizens. It is home to Cedarville University.

References

Villages in Ohio
This is the title history of the WWE Championship. The title was introduced in 1963 by the then-World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF). It is recognized as the top championship in the WWE.

The wrestler with the most reigns as World Heavyweight champion is John Cena with 13. Ric Flair and John Cena hold the most recognized World Heavyweight championships, across multiple companies, tied with 16. The longest reigning champion is Bruno Sammartino, holding the championship for 7 years, 8 months, and 1 day from May 17, 1963, to January 18, 1971. The current champion is Roman Reigns, who is in his 4th reign as champion.

Title History 
As of April 4, 2020
† means that the title change was not recognized by the WWE.
138 Randy Orton

List of combined reigns

References

Other websites 
 WWE World Heavyweight Title History

Lists of professional wrestlers
World Wrestling Entertainment championships
Rafał Jerzy Sznajder (13 October 1972 – 13 April 2014) was a Polish fencer. He competed in three Summer Olympic Games (1996, 2000 and 2004). He won a bronze medal at both the 1997 and 2001 World Fencing Championships. He was born in Będzin.

Sznajder died from a heart attack on 13 April 2014 in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. He was 41.

References

Other websites

 Rafał Sznajder  at Sports-Reference.com

1972 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Disease-related deaths in Bulgaria
Polish fencers
Polish Olympians
Characters
 Mixels
 Infernites (Leader: Flain; Supporting Mixels: Vulk, Zorch, Meltus, Flamzer, Burnard)
 Cragsters (Leader: Krader; Supporting Mixels: Seismo, Shuff)
 Electroids (Leader: Teslo; Supporting Mixels: Zaptor, Volectro)
 Frosticons (Leader: Flurr; Supporting Mixels: Slumbo, Lunk, Krog, Chilbo, Snoof)
 Fang Gang (Leader: Jawg; Supporting Mixels: Chomly, Gobba)
 Flexers (Leader: Kraw; Supporting Mixels: Tentro, Balk)
 Glorp Corp (Leader: Glomp; Supporting Mixels: Glurt, Torts, Dribbal, Gurggle, Slusho)
 Spikels (Leader: Scorpi; Supporting Mixels: Footi, Hoogi)
 Wiztastics (Leader: Magnifo; Supporting Mixels: Mesmo, Wizwuz)
 Orbitons (Leader: Niksput)
 Glowkies (Leader: Globert)
 Klinkers (Leader: Gox)
 Lixers (Mixels: Spugg, Turg, Tungster)
 Weldos (Leader: Kramm)
 Munchos (Leader: Vaka-Waka)
MPCD (Leader: Kuffs)
Medivals (Leader: Camillot)
Mixies (Leader: Jamzy)
MCFD (Leader: Splasho)
Pyrratz (Leader: Sharx)
Medix (Leader: Surgeo)
Trashoz (Leader: Sweepz)
Nindjas (Leader: Mysto)
Newzers (Leader: Screeno)
 Nixie the Sergeant Nixel
 Major Nixel
 King Nixel
Episodes

Series overview

Season 1 (2014)

Season 2 (2015–16)

Series 1

Series 1 was released on March 1, 2014, and consists of the tribes the Infernites, the Cragsters, and the Electroids.

Series 2
Series 2 was released on June 1, 2014, and consists of the tribes the Frosticons, the Fang Gang, and the Flexers.

Series 3
Series 3 was released on September 1, 2014, and consists of the tribes the Glorp Corp, the Spikels, and the Wiztastics.

Series 4
Series 4 was released on February 1, 2015, and consists of the tribes the Orbitons, the Infernite Cousins, and the Glowkies.

Series 5
Series 5 was released on June 1, 2015, and consists of the tribes the Klinkers, the Frosticon Cousins, and the Lixers.

Series 6
Series 6 was released on October 1, 2015, and consists of the tribes the Weldos, the Glorp Corp Cousins, and the Munchos.

Series 7 
Series 7 was released on February 1, 2016, and consists of the tribes the MCPD (Mixopolis City Police Department), the Medivals, and the Mixies.
Series 8 
Series 8 was released on June 1, 2016, and consists of the tribes the MCFD (Mixopolis City Fire Department), the Pyrratz, and the Medix.

Series 9
Series 9–the final series of the line–was released on October 1, 2016, and consists of the tribes the Trashoz, the Nindjas, and the Newzers.

Discontinuation
Shortly after Cartoon Network announced that the episode "Nixel Nixel Go Away" will be the series finale, The Lego Group cancelled production of the toy line. As a result, the theme was discontinued.

References

Cartoon Network series
English-language television programs
2014 American television series debuts
2016 American television series endings
Diamanda Galás (born August 29, 1955) is an American avant-garde artist.

Galás was born and raised in San Diego, California, to Greek Orthodox parents. In 1982 her first album was released. In 1988 Galás joined ACT UP. In 1996 a book she wrote called The Shit of God was published. In 2005 Galás was given the Demetrio Stratos International Career Award.

References 

1955 births
American activists
Living people
Musicians from San Diego, California