Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The adder, Vipera berus is a venomous viper that can be found throughout most of Western Europe and all the way to East Asia. It is the only venomous snake in the British Isles.

They are not highly dangerous: the snake is not aggressive and usually only bites when alarmed or disturbed. Bites can be very painful, but they are rarely fatal. The snake is not threatened, though it is protected in some countries.

Description 
Adults grow to about 60 centimeters (24 in) in length. The largest, at around 90–104 (35–41 in), are found in Scandinavia. In France and Great Britain, the maximum size is 80–87 centimeters (31–34 in), weighing from 50 grams (1.8 oz) to about 180 grams (6.3 oz).

Unusually for snakes, the sexes can be seen by their colour. Females are usually brownish with dark-brown markings, the males are pure grey with black markings.
The species has two morphs. The common pattern is the one with dark stripe with crossbars along the back, on a lighter body. The melanistic morph is very dark all over. The dark morph is more common in females. Polymorphism is usually maintained by natural selection.

The adder has a wide range. It lives in across Eurasian.In several European countries it is the only native venomous snake.

The adder's diet is mainly small mammals such as mice, voles, shrews and even weasels and moles. Sometimes, they eat slow worms and lizards. They feed on amphibia, such as frogs, newts, and salamanders. There have been reports of adders eating birds, especially nestlings and eggs. Adders are ovoviviparous. Once they reach about 30 cm (1 ft) in length, their diet becomes adult.

They are protected by law in the U.K., (Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981), and by the Berne Convention (the Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats). It is a crime to harm them.

References 

Vipers
Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is a 2005 fantasy movie directed by Mike Newell. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 2000 novel of the same name. It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) and the fourth movie in the Harry Potter movie series. 

It stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger.

The movie is the first of the series to receive a PG-13. It was the highest-grossing movie of 2005 and the sixth-highest-grossing movie in the Harry Potter series.

The movie was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction, and won the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design.

Plot 
Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger and the rest of Ron's family attend a Quidditch game. The game is attacked by a group of terrorist wizards named Death Eaters. The Death Eaters were the followers of Lord Voldemort before he died.
At Hogwarts school, Professor Dumbledore announces that the school will host the Triwizard Tournament, a game where three magical schools compete in several challenges. The contestant from each school is chosen by the Goblet of Fire. From the Bulgarian magic school, Viktor Krum is chosen. From the French magic school, Fleur Delacour is selected. However, everyone is shocked when the Goblet of Fire selects two contestants for Hogwarts: Cedric Diggory and Harry.

For the first task, the contestants must each retrieve a golden egg from a dragon. For the second task, the contestants must each rescue somebody from the Black Lake, where they are attacked by evil mermaids. In both tasks, Harry is given help by a new teacher named Professor Moody. After the task, Harry finds the dead body of Barty Crouch, an official of the Ministry of Magic (magical government). Harry and Dumbledore look into the past and find out that Barty Crouch's son (Barty Crouch Junior) is a Death Eater.
For the third task, the contestants must find the trophy, which has been hidden by Professor Moody inside a maze. Both Harry and Cedric find the trophy, but it teleports them to a graveyard. In the graveyard, Voldemort is revived by his loyal servant, Peter Pettigrew. Voldemort also kills Cedric Diggory. Voldemort tries to kill Harry but the ghosts of people that Voldemort has killed arrive to distract him so that Harry can teleport back to Hogwarts.

"Professor Moody" drags Harry into his office. It is revealed that the real Professor Moody has been locked up and is being impersonated by Barty Crouch Junior. Dumbledore announces the death of Cedric and the return of Voldemort but the Ministry of Magic denies that Voldemort has returned.

Other websites
 
 
 

2005 fantasy movies
British fantasy movies
2000s American fantasy movies
Harry Potter 4
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Mike Newell
Movies composed by John Williams
The tapaculos (pronounced ta-pa-COO-lo) are a group of small passeriform birds. They have many species, and are found mostly in South America, especially in the Andean regions. Three species, the Choco, the Pale-throated and the Silvery-fronted Tapaculo, are found in southern Central America. Tapaculos nest in many places, from ground burrows to tree holes. Some make a ball nest in a bush.

References 

Tyranni
The gnateaters are a bird family, Conopophagidae. They are made of ten small passerine species in two genera. They live in South and Central America. They are very closely related to the antbirds and less closely to the antpittas and tapaculos. Gnateaters are not studied or known as much because of their remote habitat. However, they are often watched by birdwatchers. Gnateaters feed on insects. They catch them in the understory of South American forests.

References 

Tyranni
The Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla) is a small songbird of the order Passeriformes. Its family is Parulidae. The ovenbird was named after its domed nest with a side entrance, which looks like an oven. This migratory bird is found in eastern North America and winters in Central America, many Caribbean Islands, Florida, and northern Venezuela. The ovenbird walks, unlike most other members of its family, which hop.

References 

Passeri
Birds of North America
Birds of Central America
Wang Ja-ji (, 1066 – May 1122)  was a Korean politician, general, musician, and ambassador during the Goryeo dynasty. His posthumous name is Jangsun (), Chinese style name was Wonjang (), first name was Sojung ().

Related pages 
 Yun Gwan
 Oh Yeonchong
 Kang Gamchan
 Seo Hee

References 
 Wang Jha-ji:Naver 
 Wang Jha-ji:Koran historical person informations  
 Wang Jha-ji:Nate 
 Wang Jha-ji:britannica 

1066 births
1122 deaths
Ambassadors
Korean generals
Korean educators
Korean musicians
Korean politicians
Korean writers
Hemopneumothorax is a medical problem where the lung is damaged and the chest fills up with air and blood. It is treated by opening the chest and putting in a chest drain. This can only be done by paramedics or doctors. A hemopneumothorax often happens after high speed crashes and penetrating chest wounds.

References

Medical emergencies
Breathing problems
In France, the training of the Technicien supérieur de l'aviation (civilian) (TSA civilian, in English Advanced Technician in Aviation non civil servant) is performed by the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation university). The TSA civilians can have different jobs in airports, airlines or manufacturers.

History 
 2011 : The TSA civilian training is created in addition to the one of Technicien supérieur des études et de l'exploitation de l'aviation civile available since 1962.

Related pages 
 Technicien supérieur de l'aviation
 Technicien supérieur des études et de l'exploitation de l'aviation civile

References

Further reading 
 Ariane Gilotte, Jean-Philippe Husson and Cyril Lazerge, 50 ans d'Énac au service de l'aviation, Édition S.E.E.P.P, 1999
 TSA on ENAC website 

Occupations in aviation
French Civil Aviation University
Aviation licenses and certifications
The State Duma () is the Lower House of the Parliament. It is a part of the legislative branch of the government of Russia. The State Duma was first introduced in 1906. It was Russia's first elected parliament. In 1922, it was replaced with the Soviet Parliament. It was re-established in 1993. 

It makes laws, elects the prime minister and supervises the work of the government. It also has the power to remove the President from office. It can also call new elections. The Duma has de jure authority to make and change any laws without being overturned.

It can pass any law by a simple majority. There are 450 members in the Duma.

Russia
1906 establishments
20th-century establishments in Russia
Government of Russia
The Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park is part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Site. It is a large park with lakes, temperate rainforests and alpine heathland. Cradle Mountain is a jagged dolerite mountain peak. There are sites around the park where the Australian Aborigines lived 10,000 years ago during the last ice age. Tasmania's tallest mountain, Mt. Ossa,  above sea level, is in the park.

An area of  was protected in May 1922 as a scenic reserve, becoming a National Park in 1972. The National Park now covers an area of . There is a  walking track, called the Overland Track, between Cradle Mountain and Lake St Clair.
Related pages
Other National Parks and reserves in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area are:
 Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park
 Hartz Mountains National Park
 Mole Creek Karst National Park
 Southwest National Park
 Walls of Jerusalem National Park
 Central Plateau Conservation Area
 Devils Gullet State Reserve
 South East Mutton Bird Islet
 South East Mutton Bird Islet

Related pages
Other National Parks and reserves in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area are:
 Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park
 Hartz Mountains National Park
 Mole Creek Karst National Park
 Southwest National Park
 Walls of Jerusalem National Park
 Central Plateau Conservation Area
 Devils Gullet State Reserve
 South East Mutton Bird Islet

References

Protected areas of Tasmania
National parks in Australia
Tasmanian Wilderness
Whatcheeria is an extinct genus of early tetrapod from the early Mississippian of Iowa. Fossils have been found in an old limestone quarry in the town of Delta. They date to 340 million year ago (mya). The type species W. deltae was named in 1995. It is classified with the closely related Pederpes in the family Whatcheeriidae.

Description
Whatcheeria possesses a mixture of basal and derived  (advanced) traits. Like other stem tetrapods it has a series of lateral lines across the skull, and rows of teeth on the palate These are basal traits derived from its lobe-finned fish ancestors.

It has a cleithrum, a bone in the pectoral girdle that extends from the scapula. The cleithrum once attached to the skull in lobe-finned fish, the ancestors of tetrapods, but detached to allow the neck to move freely.
Whatcheeria grew to about  long. The skull is deep (this is an advanced trait) and the snout is pointed.  A hole on the top of the skull behind the eyes called the parietal foramen is relatively large in Whatcheeria. The bones on the skull surface are unusually smooth, unlike the pitted skulls of many other early tetrapods.

Classification 
With modern cladistic taxonomy, Whatcheeriidae is not placed in Amphibia or any other class but simply as its own family within Tetrapoda. Its relationships with other tetrapods are left unclear.

References 

Tetrapods
Fossils
IPSA may mean:
 I. P. Sharp Associates, Canadian company, creator of the IPSANET computer network
 Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, a public body in the United Kingdom
 Indice de Precio Selectivo de Acciones, Chilean Stock Index
 International Political Science Association, UNESCO scholarly association
 Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées, French private grande école in aeronautical and space engineering
 Intimate partner sexual assault, a variant term for spousal rape
IAS may stand for:

Accounting, Auditing 
International Accounting Standards
Internal Audit Service (European Commission)

Administration 
Indian Administrative Service (Civil Service)

Religion 
International Association of Scientologists

Science 
Institute for Advanced Study
IAS computer, built at the Institute for Advanced Study
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
Indian Academy of Sciences
Islamic World Academy of Sciences, an organization promoting science and technology in the Muslim World
Iranian Arachnological Society, an academic society for Iranian and International arachnologists

Health 
International AIDS Society, the world's leading independent association of HIV/AIDS professionals

Politics 
Institute for Anarchist Studies

Technology

Aeronautics 
Indicated airspeed
Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences
Institut aéronautique et spatial
Computing 
Internet Authentication Service
Internet Application Server, a component of Oracle Application Server from Oracle Corporation
IAS, a version of Digital Equipment Corporation's RSX-11 operating system

Transportation 
Iaşi International Airport in Iaşi, Romania, designated by IATA the airport code IAS
IAS Cargo Airlines, a British airline

Other 
Independent Australian Scouts
Instituto Ayrton Senna
Call for service
 Canada Flight Supplement
 Canadian Federation of Students
 Canadian Forces Station
 Canadian Forest Service
 Carrier Frequency Shift, a term used by the British Military to refer to RTTY
 Center for Financial Studies, a research institute affiliated with Goethe University Frankfurt
 Central Flying School
 Certificat de formation à la sécurité
 Charlottesville Fashion Square, an enclosed shopping mall in the Charlottesville, Virginia area
 Chemins de Fer Syriens, the Syrian state railway system
 Chicken fried steak
 Child and family services
 Chronic fatigue syndrome
 Citizens for Sunshine, an Ohio nonprofit promoting access to public records
 Cold-formed steel
 Combat Flight Simulator WWII Europe Series (CFS1)
 Compact File Set (File format), an open file format for archiving and compressing files.
 Committee on World Food Security
 Completely Fair Scheduler, a Linux operating system scheduler
 Congo Free State
Congo Free State
 Conservative Future Scotland, the youth branch of the Scottish Conservative Party
 Continuous Flow System, printer ink feeding via tubes and bottles
 Co-operative Financial Services Ltd.
 Country Fire Service
 Corpo Forestale dello Stato, the Italian state forestry department
 Craigmillar Festival Society, a disestablished community organisation from Edinburgh, Scotland
 Cubic feet per second (cfs), a unit of flow rate
CFS may also refer to:
 Coffs Harbour Airport, IATA airport code
CNCP may refer to:

 CNCP Telecommunications, Canadian telecom company; 
 Commission nationale de la certification professionnelle, French National Commission for Vocational Certification.
TSA may mean:

 Transportation Security Administration, in the United States Department of Homeland Security
 Technicien supérieur de l'aviation, a French degree in aviation
TAE may refer to:

 Technicien aéronautique d'exploitation, a French aviation job title
 TAE connector (Telekommunikations-Anschluss-Einheit), German standard for telephone plugs

Other
 the initials of Thomas Alva Edison

Acronyms
A badge is a device or patch which is displayed to indicate a special accomplishment or as a symbol of authority.

Badge may refer to:
 Access badge, credential used to gain entry to an area
 Heraldic badge, a badge to display allegiance to a particular royal figure
 Web badge, a small image used on websites to promote web-standards and other things
 Synonym for a pin-back button in the United Kingdom
 A distinguishing logo or hood ornament on automobiles or trucks, altered by badge engineering

The acronym BADGE refers to:
 Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, a component of epoxy resin
 Bilan d'aptitude délivré par les grandes écoles, French degree created in 2001 by the Conférence des grandes écoles

Related pages
 "Badge" (song) by the 1960s rock group Cream
 "Badge" (Law & Order: Criminal Intent episode), 2001 US TV episode
 Stinking badges, a film quote
Barbados was a Commonwealth realm.  Queen Elizabeth II was the reigning monarch since 6 February 1952. She was Barbado's head of state but was substituted by the office of the President when Barbados became a republic.

Many of the jobs of the government were done by the Governor-General. It was abolished on 30 November 2021.

References

Politics of Barbados
Commonwealth realms
Barbados
The Governor-General of Barbados was a vice-regal representative of the Queen of Barbados.  The Governor-General acted as the nation's Head of State.  This is because the Queen cannot live in all her realms at once. The office was abolished along with the monarch on 30 November 2021 and replaced with the presidency.

List of Governors-General of Barbados
On 30 November 1966, Barbados became independent from Britain.

References

 
Barbados-related lists
Barbados
1966 establishments in Barbados
Sir Elliot Belgrave, CHB, KC (born March 16, 1931), is a Barbadian politician and retired High Court Judge. He was the Acting Governor-General of Barbados from 1 November 2011 to June 30, 2017. Belgrave graduated from the universities of Cambridge (MA) and London (LLB). He is a former Director of Public Prosecutions in Barbados.  He was Judge of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeal of Barbados.  He is a King's Counsel.  Belgrave was awarded the Companion of Honour of Barbados for his contribution to the legal system in Barbados.

References 

1931 births
Governors-General of Barbados
Living people
Barbadian King's Counsel
Barbadian, often shortened to Bajan, may be anything of or relating to Barbados and may also refer directly to:

 Barbadian football
 Barbadian cuisine
 Barbadian people, people of Barbadian descent. For information about the Barbadian people, see Demographics of Barbados and Culture of Barbados. For specific persons, see List of Barbadians.
 Barbadian English language
 A Barbadian's Head and A Martiniquian's Head Flag, a flag by a pirate Bartholomew Roberts, who vowed revenge towards Barbados and Martinique.

Related pages
 List of all pages beginning with "Barbadian"
Bajan is an English-based creole language. People on the Caribbean island of Barbados speak it. Bajan, like many other English-based Caribbean creole languages, has a West African substrate and an English superstrate. Bajan is similar but different from the creoles of neighbouring Caribbean islands.

Bajan is the Caribbean creole with the closest grammar to Standard English.

In general, the people of Barbados speak standard British English on TV and radio, in courthouses, in government, and in day-to-day business. Bajan is for less formal situations, in music, or in social commentary.

References

Barbadian culture
Languages of the Caribbean
Barbadians or Bajans are people from the Caribbean island of Barbados.  They can live on Barbados or live in another country.

Diaspora
Many Bajans now live overseas and outside of Barbados.  Most have moved to English language countries.  There are some 60,000 Bajans in the United Kingdom, around 54,509 Bajans in the United States and 20,000 in Canada.

Related pages
See: List of famous Bajan people

References
The Prime Minister of Barbados is the head of government of Barbados. The Prime Minister is picked by the Queen of Barbados. The Governor-General is responsible for holding the parliamentary elections.  He says which one of the electors is Prime Minister.

This is a list of prime ministers of Barbados.

Premiers of Barbados (1953-1966)

Prime ministers of Barbados (1966-present)

 * Note - Died in office

Barbados
Freundel Jerome Stuart PC QC MP (born 27 April 1951) is a Barbadian politician who was the seventh and former Prime Minister of Barbados and Leader of the Democratic Labor Party from 23 October 2010 to 21 February 2013; and from 21 February 2013 to 25 May 2018. He succeeded David Thompson, who died in office on 23 October 2010 from pancreatic cancer. He is a member of the Democratic Labour Party (DLP) and represents the Saint Michael South Constituency.

Personal life and education

Stuart was born in Saint Philip, Barbados. He is the Father of one daughter.

An alumnus of the Christ Church Foundation School, Stuart is graduate of the University of the West Indies and holds degrees in Political science and Law. He is a Lawyer and his practice encompasses Criminal and Corporate Law

In 1974, Stuart officially joined the Ministry of Education and became a Teacher in Princess Margaret Secondary School.
He has supported several community organisations and sponsors the Dayrells United Achievers Community Club and the Notre Dame Sports Club.

Political career

Stuart entered and officially joined the Democratic Labour Party In 1970 and served in the Senate of Barbados until 1994. He emtered elective Politics in 1994 and stood as a Candidate under the Democratic Labor Party for Saint Philip, Barbados In the 1994 Barbadian General Election, which he won.

The Democratic Labour Party lost the 1994 Barbadian General Election but he became a Member of Parliament for St. Philip South.

Stuart was elected as First Vice- President of the Democratic Labour Party and Deputy Leader of the Opposition under Opposition Leader, David Thompson in 1995.

Stuart was also appointed in 1995 as Shadow Deputy prime minister, Shdaow Attorney general and Shdaow Minister of Home Affairs by David Thompson to serve in his Shadow cabinet of David Thompson
In 2004, Stuart was elected as the Leader and President of the Democratic Labour Party (Barbados) In a leadership election which was held in the Party Headquarters In George Street. Stuart narrowly defeated then DLP Leader and President, Clyde Mascoll but remained as Deputy Leader of the Opposition.

After the Democratic Labor Party (Barbados) won the 2008 Barbadian general election, Stuart was appointed as Deputy prime minister, Attorney general and Minister of Home Affairs by Prime Minister David Thompson (Barbadian politician) to serve in his Cabinet. Stuart served in those three positions until May 2010.

7th Prime Minister of Barbados
Stuart served as acting Prime Minister of Barbados since May 2010 when Prime Minister David Thompson (Barbadian Politician) became ill with pancreatic cancer. Adriel Brathwaite succeeded Stuart in the positions he then held, namely Attorney general and Minister of Home Affairs. Thompson died on 23 October 2010. Leaders of the Democratic Labor Party held an emergency meeting at the party’s Headquarters in George Street In Bridgetown on the morning of Thompson’s death, during which Stuart was chosen as the next Prime Minister.

Stuart was sworn in as the 7th Prime Minister of Barbados and Minister for National Security, the public service and Urban Development the same day by Governor General Clifford Husbands.

In 2011, Stuart was appointed as a member of the UN Global Panel on Sustainability.

Stuart won his first election as Prime Minister on 21 February 2013, defeating Barbados Labour Party challenger (for his constituency) Noel Lynch.
On 24 January 2014 Stuart became a member of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom which bestowed him the title of “Right Honourable”.

Stuart had announced changes for Barbados including his intention to turn Barbados into a republic and replace the Queen of Barbados with a ceremonial President as Head of state. On 22 March 2015, Stuart told a meeting of his Democratic Labour Party (Barbados): “We cannot pat ourselves on the shoulder at having gone into independence; having decolonized our Politics; we cannot pat ourselves on the shoulders at having decolonised our jurisprudence by delinking from the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council and explain to anybody why we continue to have a monarchical system. Therefore, the Right Excellent Errol Barrow decolonized the Politics; Owen Arthur decolonized the jurisprudence and Freundel Stuart is going to complete the process.
The general secretary of the Democratic Labour Party, George Pilgrim, confirmed the move and said that it is expected to coincide with the 50th anniversary of Barbadian independence in 2016. According to Pilgrim, the change will be implemented through a bill that will be presented to the Parliament of Barbados.

According to the country’s Constitution, a two-third majority in Parliament, both in the House of Assembly of Barbados and the Senate of Barbados must have a two-third of the ruling party.

In the event that Barbados becomes a republic, it will still retain its membership of the Commonwealth of Nations but the Queen of Barbados will be replaced in her presence with a ceremonial President as head of state. The position of Governor-General of Barbados will also be dissolved.

References

1951 births
Prime Ministers of Barbados
Living people
University of the West Indies alumni
The Parliament of Barbados is the national legislature of Barbados.  The Parliament is bicameral, meaning there are 2 houses. The Senate is the Upper house. The House of Assembly is the Lower house.  Parliament is in the national capital Bridgetown in Saint Michael.

Senate
The Senate is made up of twenty-one Senators and The Queen.  The Queen is represented by the Governor-General. Senators are appointed.  The term is 5 years.

House of Assembly
The House has thirty Members of Parliament (MPs).  There is also the Honourable Speaker of the House.  Members of the House are elected. The term is 5 years. The next election is due to be scheduled by January 2013.

References

Politics of Barbados
Barbados
Barbados
The dollar has been the currency of Barbados since 1935. The present dollar has the ISO 4217 code BBD.  It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign "$".  Sometimes it is written "Bds$" to be different from other currencies that are called dollar. It is divided into 100 cents.

Other websites 
 Banknotes of Barbados 

Barbados
Currency of North America
1935 establishments in North America
20th-century establishments in Barbados
The North American Numbering Plan (NANP) is a telephone numbering plan.  It includes 24 countries and territories, including the United States, Canada, Bermuda, and 17 nations of the Caribbean. 

There are three-digit area codes and seven-digit telephone numbers.

Related pages
 List of North American Numbering Plan area codes

References

Telephone numbers
Area code 246 is a part of the telephone numbering plan for Barbados.  Phone numbers in Barbados have 7 digits.

General
Police Force: 211, Ambulance: 511, Fire: 311
Information/Directory Assistance: 411
Operator: 0

246
Barbados
The peak of Mount Hillaby is the highest point on the Eastern Caribbean island nation of Barbados.  The peak is  in the parish of Saint Andrew. It overlooks the area known as the Scotland District to the north and east.

References

Geography of Barbados
Hillaby
The parish of Saint George ("St. George") is in the interior of Barbados.  It is one of two land-locked parishes. The other is Saint Thomas to the north.  A landmark in the parish is Gun Hill Signal Station.  It is one of the few remaining signal stations, dating back to 1818.

Saint George borders six of the eleven other parishes.  This is more than any other parish.

Parishes of Barbados
1966 establishments in Barbados
The parish of Saint James ("St. James") is in the western part of the country of Barbados. St. James is known as the "Platinum Coast". There are many rich people who visit or live here. The parish is home to the Queen's College.

References

Parishes of Barbados
8 out of 10 Cats is a British television comedy panel game. It began on 3 June 2005 and is shown on Channel 4. It is hosted by Jimmy Carr. Each episode has two teams, each has a captain and two celebrity guests. The captain of one team was Sean Lock. The other captain in series 1–4 is Dave Spikey; in series 5–10 it is Jason Manford; from series 11 onwards it is Jon Richardson. The 22nd series ended in January 2021.

Other websites 

2005 British television series debuts
2000s British comedy television series
2010s British comedy television series
2020s British comedy television series
British television game shows
Channel 4 comedy
English-language television programs
Panel games
was a  after Chōryaku and before Kantoku.  This period started in November 1040 and ended in November 1044. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Chōkyū era
 1040 (Chōkyū 1, 1st day of the 1st month): a partial eclipse of the sun, predicted for midday, occurred in mid-afternoon, causing complaints about the astronomers' failure to be more accurate.
 1040 (Chōkyū 1, 9th month): The Sacred Mirror was burned in a fire.
 1041 (Chōkyū 2): The Sanjo Palace burned; and it was reconstructed.

Related pages
 Heian period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most prevalent female endocrine health matters. PCOS is a complex and heterogeneous problem of uncertain etiology, although there is major evidence that the PCOS can be classified as a genetic health problem. This condition produces symptoms in between five percent to ten percent of females during the reproducing ages. Problems include although are not limited to hormones resulting in acne, hirsutism, resistance to insulin (which then results in diabetes mellitus, in particular Type 2 diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes of adults), overweight and (in some women) high cholesterol levels. The symptoms and severity vary greatly among affected women.
Treatments include weight reduction, low-dose oral contraceptive pills, medroxyprogesterone and spironolactone. Clomiphene can be used as the treatment for those women who wish to get pregnant.

Diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
Syndromes
Bonginkosi Dlamini, professionally known  as Zola, is a South African musician, actor and presenter. He also presents Zola 7, a television program named for him, on SABC 1.

He was born on 24 April 1981 in the Soweto Township of Johannesburg, South Africa. Zola had time in prison as a youth for car theft.

Zola become well known for his role as the notorious gangster Papa Action in Yizo Yizo 2. Zola has enjoyed success as a Kwaito superstar.  He is also the owner of the music company Guluva Entertainment.

Zola raps in isiZulu and uses a lot of tsotsi.

Musical awards
He has received four South African Music Awards:
 Artist of the Year - 2002
 Best Soundtrack - Yizo Yizo
 Best Music Video - "Ghetto Scandalous"
 Best Kwaito Album - Umdlwembe

At the Metro FM Awards 2001, Zola won on public vote:
 Song of the Year - "Ghetto Scandalous"
 Best Album of the Year - Umdlwembe
 Best Kwaito Album - Umdlwembe

Discography
Discography

 Umdlwembe (2000)
 Khokhovula (2002)
 Bhambatha (2004)
 Ibutho (2005)
 Tsotsi (2006 Motion Picture)
 Impepho (2009)
 Unyezi (2011)

References

1981 births
Living people
South African musicians
South African actors
Television presenters
Discography 
1965 Un peu d’amour, Libéria
1966 Elles sont coquines, Disc AZ
1967 Arlette Zola, Disc AZ
1967 Deux garçons pour une fille, Disc AZ
1967 J n'aime que vous. Disc AZ
1968 Musique en tête, Disc AZ LP
1969 C’est toute la terre, Disc Concert Hall LP
1969 La marchande de bonbon, Vogue
1970 L’été, Vogue
1971 Je suis folle de tant t’aimer, Vogue
1972 Pour que vienne enfin ce grand matin, Evasion
1977 Tu inventais des saisons, Tourel
1980 Offre moi un sourire, Libéria
1981 Frappe dans tes mains, Libéria
1981 Les fiancés du lac de Côme, LP Libéria
1982 Amour on t’aime, LP Jupiter Records
1982 Je n’ai pas changé, LP Jupiter Records
1983 Billy Boogie, LP Vogue
1984 Hasta manana amore mio, Disc Ibach
1990 Mais moi je l’aime, Libéria
2003 Laissez-moi encore chanter, Azo
2005 Amour... Amitié, Azo
2007 Le bonheur ne coûte rien, Azo
2009 Souvenir, mes anées 6o

References

1949 births
Living people
Swiss singers
People from Fribourg
Topsy  may refer to:

Topsy, Oklahoma, a town in the United States
Topsy (elephant), a circus animal, killed by electrocution
Topsy, a character in the book Uncle Tom's Cabin
Topsy, a character in the cartoon series Tom and Jerry
Topsy, a season 3 (2012-2013) episode (2013) of Bob's Burgers
 Topsy Napaltjarri, Australian artist
 Topsy Tjulyata, Australian artist
David Hattersley Warner (29 July 1941 – 24 July 2022) was an English actor.  He was known for playing both romantic leads and sinister or villainous characters.  He was in a range of various media, including film, animation, television, and video games.

Warner died on 24 July 2022 in Northwood, London from problems caused by lung cancer, five days before his 81st birthday.

Movies

References

1941 births
2022 deaths
Actors from Manchester
Emmy Award winning actors
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Cancer deaths in London
Deaths from lung cancer
Christopher Whitelaw "Chris" Pine (born August 26, 1980) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Steve Trevor in Wonder Woman (2017) and the sequel Wonder Woman 1984 (2019) and as James T. Kirk in the 2009 movie Star Trek.

Pine has been in a relationship with British actress Annabelle Wallis since 2018.

Filmography

References

Other websites 

 
 

1980 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
American voice actors
Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar levels at or beyond 200 mg/dl. It can be a serious and life threatening health problem that can be fatal if not properly treated in time. 

In a healthy body, insulin helps glucose (sugar) get from the blood into the body's cells.  There, the cells can use the sugar to make energy.  However, when there is not enough insulin in the body, or if a person's body does not react to insulin normally (this is called insulin resistance), too much sugar stays in the blood.  This can cause serious health problems.

Extremely high blood sugar means diabetes mellitus, a condition that often causes very high blood sugar. Hyperglycemia that comes and goes may mean diabetes of any kind, or may be developing under low insulin levels or resistance to insulin.

Symptoms
Symptoms

Early Signs 
Three of the early signs of hyperglycemia are "the 3 polys": polydipsia (feeling very thirsty), polyphagia (feeling very hungry), and polyuria (urinating a lot).  These things happen because:
 The body senses that its cells are not getting enough sugar.  The body triggers hunger, because eating is usually how people get sugar.  This causes polyphagia.
 The body senses that there is too much sugar in the blood, and tries to urinate out the extra sugar.  This causes polyuria.
 Because the person is urinating so much, they get dehydrated easily and get very thirsty (polydipsia).
Other early signs of high blood sugar include blurred vision, headache, and feeling tired.

Late Signs 
If hyperglycemia gets worse or is not treated, it can cause toxic acids called ketones to build up in the blood and urine.  This is called diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a medical emergency.
Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis can include:
 Confusion, seizures, or coma
 Difficulty breathing with fruity-smelling breath ("ketone breath" - caused by the body trying to blow off the toxic ketones through breathing out)
 Weakness
 Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain

References

Blood disorders
Blood sugar is an amount of glucose present in the blood of humans or animals. Sugar in the blood is the primary source for energy for body cells and blood lipids. Low blood sugar means hypoglycemia. High blood sugar means hyperglycemia. People with diabetes mellitus can have high blood sugar.

Hypoglycemia 
Hypoglycemia is low blood sugar.

Hyperglycemia 
Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar. Some of the signs of high blood sugar are:

 Thirstiness
 Being extra hungry
 Peeing more often
 Headache
 Blurry eyesight

Some signs of long time high blood sugar can be:

 Being very tired
 Loosing weight
 Infections of the skin
 Cuts and sores heal slowly
Another sickness that is caused by high blood sugar is ketoacidosis. This sickness is because of a lack of insulin and a high amount of chemicals called ketones in the blood.

References

Blood
Medical signs
Medicine
An autodidact is a person who learns to do something by himself or herself. Often they learn things by reading about it, or by copying someone else.

Many great people taught themselves when there was no formal teaching in the topics which interested them. Examples are Leonardo da Vinci, Michael Faraday, and Charles Darwin. Much of the industrial revolution was done by men in a field of work where there was no previous experience. James Watt was a surveyor and instrument maker and is described as being "largely self-educated". Watt, like some other autodidacts of his  time, became a Fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the Lunar Society.

Autodidactism is only one way to learn, and may be done together with formal education. Many autodidacts seek instruction and guidance from experts, friends, teachers, tutors, parents, siblings, and the community.

References 

Learning
South East Mutton Bird Islet is a steep islet, in south-eastern Australia. It is part of the Mutton Bird Island Group, at the southern end of the south-western coast of Tasmania. It is part of the Southwest National Park, and part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Site.  It is very small, with an area of , and the highest point is  above sea level.

The island is part of the Port Davey Islands Important Bird Area, so identified by BirdLife International because of its importance for breeding seabirds.

Fauna
Seabird species that breed on the island are the Short-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris) (250 pairs), Fairy Prion (1000 pairs), Black-faced Cormorant and Silver Gull. The Short-tailed Shearwater is also called the Mutton Bird in Australia, giving the islet it's name.
Related pages
Other National Parks and reserves in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area are:
 Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park
 Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park
 Southwest National Park
 Walls of Jerusalem National Park

References

Protected areas of Tasmania
World Heritage Sites in Australia
Sir Eduardo Luigi Paolozzi, KBE, RA (Edinburgh, 7 March 1924 – London, 22 April 2005), was a Scottish sculptor and artist. He was the eldest son of Italian immigrants.

Education 
Paolozzi studied at the Edinburgh College of Art in 1943, then moved to London. He was briefly at the St Martin's School of Art in 1944, and then at the Slade School of Fine Art at University College London from 1944 to 1947. He lived in Paris from 1947 to 1949. There he met Alberto Giacometti, Jean Arp, Constantin Brâncuşi, Georges Braque and Fernand Léger. They were a big influence on his later work.

Pop art 
Paolozzi was the founder of the pop art movement. Paolozzi's I was a Rich Man's Plaything (1947) is considered the first standard bearer of Pop Art and first to display the word "pop". Paolozzi showed the collage in 1952 as part of his groundbreaking Bunk! series at the Independent Group meeting in London.
Assessment 
He was a major figure in the international art sphere. Paolozzi investigated how we fitted into the modern world. He revealed our fragmented civilization through imagination and fantasy.

He was made Her Majesty's Sculptor in Ordinary for Scotland in 1986, which he held until his death.

Writings
 Eduardo Paolozzi by Eduardo Paolozzi, Tate, London 1971 ASIN B00103A8RG
 Recurring themes by Eduardo Paolozzi Rizzoli (1984) 
 Metafisikal Translations by Eduardo Paolozzi, Lelpra, London 1962 ASIN B002MNOJQY

Gallery

References 

1924 births
2005 deaths
British sculptors
People from Edinburgh
Royal Academicians
Christine Madeleine Odette Lagarde (née Lallouette) (born 1 January 1956) is a French lawyer and politician. She has been the President of the European Central Bank since 2019. She was the Managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 5 July 2011 until 12 September 2019. She previously served as French Minister of Finance from 19 June 2007 to 29 June 2011 when she was elected IMF managing director. Before that she served as French Minister for Commerce and Industry from 2 July 2005 to 15 May 2007 in the government of Dominique de Villepin.

She has been the head of the European Cental Bank since the beginning of 2019. She is the first woman to hold this position.

In her youth, she was part of the national team of synchronized swimming. When she was 15 years old, she won a bronze medal, at the French national championships.

References
References

1956 births
Living people
French economists
French lawyers
French Ministers of Finance
Managing Directors of the International Monetary Fund
Politicians from Paris
Charlie is a narcissist who is a dealer of new cars in Los Angeles, California. He hears of his father's death and is told that the vast majority of the estate has been left to Raymond, whom he cannot remember. Raymond is an autistic savant, who has an eidetic memory but is incapable of looking after himself. He has lived in an institution in Cincinnati, Ohio for about twenty years. Charlie drives Raymond to Las Vegas, Nevada where Raymond uses his skill at counting cards to win money in card games. They then go on to Los Angeles. During the journey, Charlie changes his feelings towards Raymond from being resentful to being caring and protective. Raymond lacks understanding of the world and requires 24 hour care, which Charlie cannot provide, so Raymond returns to his institution.

Rain Man won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award. The movie was inspired by the life of savant Kim Peek (1951-2009).

Other websites
Other websites 

1988 movies
1980s drama movies
1980s road movies
American drama movies
American road movies
Autism in fiction
Best Picture Oscar
English-language movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Las Vegas in fiction
Movies set in Las Vegas
Movies set in Los Angeles
Narcissism in fiction
Ohio in fiction
Movies directed by Barry Levinson
Movies about autism
Going Solo is a non-fiction book by Roald Dahl. It is the second part of his autobiography, and was published in 1986. Going Solo is the story of Dahl's first job, in Africa, and about how he became a RAF pilot in World War II.

1986 books
British autobiographies
Aviation
Marc Houalla (born 10 February 1961 at Rueil-Malmaison) is a French aerospace engineer.
From the 28th of November 2008 to October 2017, he is the head of the French Civil Aviation University.

Graduate from the ENAC (IÉNAC L82) and having a MBA from HEC Paris (1990), he has done different jobs in air transport such as director of SEFA before being joining the French Civil Aviation University.

From November 2017 to February 2018, Marc Houalla is head of the Orly Airport and honorary President of ENAC Alumni. Since February 2018, he is head of the Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport. Since March 2018, he is also head of ENAC Alumni.

Award 
 Chevalier of the Ordre National du Mérite

References

Further reading
 Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace and Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, dictionnaire historique, Le Cherche midi, June 2005, 782 p. ()
1961 births
Living people
Alumni of the École nationale de l'aviation civile
Alumni of HEC Paris
French aviators
Heads of the French Civil Aviation University
Louis Pailhas (2 March 1926 – 6 February 2021), was a French politician and aerospace engineer.
From December 1967 to 1982, he was head of the French Civil Aviation University.

He graduated from the École Polytechnique (X 46) and École nationale de l'aviation civile (IAC 49). he did different jobs in civil aviation before joining the French Civil Aviation University in December 1967, the first to hold that position in Toulouse. He resigned in January 1982.

After that, in 1998, he was assistant of the Mayor of Toulouse, and then deputy Mayor for science, aeronautics and space activities in 2001.

Louis Pailhas was a member of the Académie de l'air et de l'espace.

Awards
 Legion of Honour
 Medal of Aeronautics

References

Further reading
 Académie nationale de l'air et de l'espace and Lucien Robineau, Les français du ciel, dictionnaire historique, Le Cherche midi, June 2005, 782 p. ()
1926 births
2021 deaths
Alumni of the École nationale de l'aviation civile
Alumni of the École Polytechnique
Deputy mayors
French engineers
Politicians from Occitanie‎
Heads of the French Civil Aviation University
People from Ariège
New Scientist is a weekly scientific journal. It covers recent developments in science and technology for a general audience. The magazine was founded in 1956 and it is published by Reed Business Information Ltd. New Scientist is edited by Sumit Paul-Choudhury.

Science and technology magazines
British weekly magazines
Hervé Renaudeau, born at Laval, is a French aerospace engineer. From September 2009 to August 2016, he is the director-general of the Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées (French private aerospace university).

Graduate from the École Centrale de Lyon (1979), he starts his career as hardware design engineer on the Mirage 2000. He has done a career in aerospace industry before joining higher education in 2002 as head of École supérieure des techniques aéronautiques et de construction automobile at Levallois-Perret. In September 2009, he became head of the Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées. Francis Pollet replaces him in March 2017.

References

Further reading
 

Living people
French aviators
1950 births
Saint John ("St. John") is a parish of Barbados.  It is on the eastern side of the island. It is home to one of the  secondary schools on the island, The Lodge School. In its southeastern corner, the shoreline turns northward instead of southward, forming the small Conset Bay.

Landmarks
Ashford Bird Park is a bird and animal sanctuary.

References

Other websites

Parishes of Barbados
was a  after Chōkyū and before Eishō.  This period started in November 1044 and ended in April 1046.  The reigning emperors were  and .

Events of the Kantoku era
 1045 (Kantoku 2, 16th day of the 1st month):  Emperor Go-Suzaku abdicated; and his eldest son received the succession (senso) on the same day.  Soon after, Emperor Go-Reizei 's role as monarch is confirmed by ceremonies (sokui). 
 1045 (Kantoku 2, 18th day in the 1st month): Go-Suzaku died at the age of 37.

Related pages
 Heian period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
Saint Joseph is a parish of Barbados on the eastern side of the island.  The parish is home to two of the more notable botanic gardens in the country - Flower Forest and Andromeda Gardens.  Parts of St. Joseph are called the Scotland District because of the appearance of the landscape.

References

Other websites

Parishes of Barbados
Saint Lucy ("St. Lucy") is the northern-most area in the country of Barbados.  Saint Lucy is the only parish of Barbados to be named after a female patron saint, Saint Lucy of Syracuse.  Saint Lucy was the location of a United States Navy base at Harrison's Point.  Saint Lucy is also a peninsula, surrounded on three sides by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, east and west.

Saint Lucy is the birthplace of Barbados's first Prime Minister, Errol Barrow. It is also the birthplace of two cricketers; Charlie Griffith and Manny Martindale.

References

Parishes of Barbados
St. Michael is one of eleven parishes of Barbados. It is in the south-west part of the island.  
 
The parish is home to Bridgetown, the capital of Barbados. There is also the international seaport of Barbados—the Deep Water Harbour. Rihanna, a singer was born in St. Michael.

References

Other websites

Parishes of Barbados
Saint Peter ("St. Peter") is one of eleven parishes in the Caribbean island country of Barbados.  It is named after the Christian Apostle and Patron saint, Saint Peter.  It is in the north of Barbados.

Saint Peter is a tourist hot spot.  The parish is surrounded with white sand beaches, including those along Mullins Bay. The Barbados Wildlife Reserve is mostly a monkey sanctuary for the Barbados Green Monkey.  St Nicholas Abbey is one of the more famous landmarks on Barbados.

References

Other websites

Parishes of Barbados