Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Characters
Katagiri Teppei - A talented advertisement designer and a playboy with an egocentric attitude and dislike for anything boring. He has a girlfriend named Riko, but still misses his past girlfriend Sanae at the same time
Uesugi Riko - She moves out from her family to Tokyo hoping to be more independent. She is a girl with a lot of spirit, and eventually becomes part of a  love triangle.
Takagi Erika - A flight attendant and Riko's bestfriend. While she secretly likes Teppei, she frequently gives helpful advice to Riko to maintain her relationship
Katagiri Soichiro - a public prosecutor and Teppei's brother. He is very serious in his doings unlike Teppei, and thus Soichiro is his brother's role model. He was engaged to Sanae, Teppei's former girlfriend, but he meets his own past girlfriend and develops an affair with her later on in the story.
Mizuhara Sanae - translates between Mandarin and Japanese. She was Teppei's highschool sweetheart. Later, she is engaged to his brother Soichiro, but later finds herself falling in love with Teppei again
Yoshimoto - Teppei's highschool friend, who falls in love with Riko at first sight, but was rejected by her
The show revolves around the relationship of the two leading characters, Katagiri Teppei and Uesugi Riko, who begin their relationship as squabbling colleagues before falling in love. Katagiri Teppei is a talented designer and very popular among women. Unfortunately, Teppei, who despises anything boring and repetitive, is forced to move to the sales department for his egocentric behavior. Throughout the series, he is forced to adapt to the new working environment, which includes cutting his precious locks of hair to create a neater and more professional image. As he struggles to adapt, he meets Uesugi Riko. While she does not like him at first, she eventually falls for him. However, Teppei runs into his highschool sweetheart Mizuhara Sanae, and discovers that his ex-girlfriend is now engaged to his brother Soichiro. Fortunately, Riko is there to console him, and this eventually blooms into a romance. Not long after, however, Sanae realizes she still has feelings for Teppei, and thus creates a love triangle
. To make the matter even more complicated, Soichiro starts to have an affair with his past girlfriend.
Symbols

Crystal apple
Teppei's apartment has many unusual items such as Thai artifact, a 30-year-old refrigerator, and a crystal apple. The meaning behind the apple is that there is only one true love, between Adam and Eve, that is. A crystal can be broken easily, and when one would look in it, it appears upside down. The apple is seen upside down for the 10 of the 11 episodes. At the last episode, however, the apple is no longer upside down. The apple is on the album cover of the soundtrack for Love Generation.

True love never runs smooth 
The advertising poster appears over and over again. The model is holding a crystal apple, and reads True love never runs smooth symbolizing the relationship between Riko and Teppei, which constantly faces struggles from when they meet for the very first time to the love triangle. This advertisement is visible everywhere from the park to Teppei's 30-year-old refrigerator, as "True love never runs smooth" is the unofficial tagline of this television series.
Other websites 
Lover Generation Central
Love Generation - The Dog Shed
SMAP Wonderland Love Generation
Plot for each episode 

Japanese television series
Drama television series
Psyche (pronounced: SY-kee) is a former mortal woman and goddess of the soul in Greek mythology. She is the wife of Eros (Cupid) and the mother of Hedone.  Today, Psyche is known from a story called The Golden Ass, written by Lucius Apuleius in the 2nd century.

Mythology

Early life 
Psyche was the youngest daughter of a Greek king and queen. She had two older sisters. She was very beautiful. Many people said she was more beautiful than Aphrodite. People started worshipping Psyche instead of Aphrodite. This made the goddess angry. As a punishment, she sent her son, Eros, to make Psyche fall in love with an ugly person. However, Eros fell in love with Psyche. He decided to save her from his mother's anger.

Psyche's sisters were jealous of her beauty. They eventually married kings and left to be with their husbands. Nobody asked to marry Psyche. She was left alone. Her father decided to ask the Oracle of Delphi for help.

Marriage to Eros
Marriage to Eros 

Apollo, spoke to Psyche's father through the Oracle. He told her father that Psyche would marry a monster that even the gods were afraid of. Apollo said to dress Psyche in funeral clothes, take her to the tallest rock in the kingdom, and leave her there. The king sadly obeyed Apollo.

Psyche waited for the monster. When it did not come, she jumped from the rock. Zephyrus, the Greek lord of west wind, held her up to save her from death. He took her to Eros's palace. When Eros returned, he talked to Psyche in the dark. He said that she must not try to see him. He said that it would ruin everything if he told her his name. The first few weeks of Psyche's life in the palace were good. But soon her sisters convinced her to see what her husband looked like.
Psyche sneaked into her husband's room with an oil lamp. Psyche shone the light on her husband's face. A small drop of hot oil fell onto his shoulder. That burned him and woke him up. Eros felt betrayed by his wife's actions. He left Psyche.

Psyche was very unhappy after learning what she had done. Aphrodite found her and made her do four things. 
The first thing was to sort a huge pile of seeds. An ant colony helped Psyche do this.
The second thing was to gather wool from a dangerous sheep. A river god helped her by teaching her to collect pieces of wool from bushes.
The third thing was to collect water from the underworld. The eagle of Zeus collected the water for her.
The last thing was the most difficult. She had to bring back some of Persephone's beauty for Aphrodite. Persephone gave Psyche some of her beauty. When she was on her way back to Olympus, Psyche opened the box of Persephone's beauty. The only thing inside was death. Psyche died. Her husband, Eros, forgave her. He took her to Olympus.
Psyche was made the goddess of the soul. Psyche and Eros had a daughter, Hedone. Their daughter was the goddess of physical joy.

Related pages 
16 Psyche

References

Greek gods and goddesses
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (December 10, 1787 - September 10, 1851) was an American teacher and the founder of the American School for the Deaf. He founded the school in 1817.

History
Gallaudet was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He went to Yale University. He got his bachelor's degree in 1805 and master's degree in 1808. He wanted to do many things for example,  study law or study religion. In 1814, Gallaudet became a preacher.  

Gallaudet chose not to become a preacher when he met Alice Cogswell, the nine-year-old deaf daughter of a neighbor, Dr. Mason Cogswell. He taught her many words by writing them in the dirt. Cogswell asked Gallaudet to go to Europe to learn ways for teaching deaf people.
While in Great Britain, he met Abbé Sicard, head of a school for deaf people in Paris, and two of its deaf teachers, Laurent Clerc and Jean Massieu. Sicard asked Gallaudet to go to Paris to study the school's ways of teaching the deaf. Gallaudet studied with Sicard. He learned sign language from Massieu and Clerc, who were both graduates of the school.

Gallaudet asked Clerc to go back to America with him. The two men toured New England and got money to create a school for deaf students in Hartford, Connecticut which later became known as the American School for the Deaf. Young Alice was one of the first seven students in the United States.

1787 births
1851 deaths
American teachers
Yale University alumni
Educators from Philadelphia
Annelids are a phylum of invertebrate worms. They are the segmented worms, with over 17,000 known species.

Well known species are earthworms and leeches. Annelids can be found in most wet environments. Some of these species are parasitic or mutualistic. This means they live together with (or inside) another organism. A mutualistic relationship is beneficial to both organisms. Their size varies from under a millimetre to about 3 metres. The largest known species is the seep tube worm (Lamellibrachia lymnesi), which is related to the giant tube worm.

Annelids are made of one or more body segments. Each segment has one or more rings. These rings are called annuli (singular: 'annulus' = 'little ring'). Annelids reproduce sexually by hermaphroditic cross-fertilization. They can regenerate cut off pieces of their body, unlike sponges, which can come back together if ripped apart. They have a hydrostatic skeleton, a one-way digestion system, and bilateral symmetry.
Nervous system 
Annelid worms have a nervous system. The brain forms a ring round the pharynx (throat), consisting of a pair of ganglia (local control centers) above and in front of the pharynx, linked by nerve cords either side of the pharynx to another pair of ganglia just below and behind it. In some very mobile and active polychaetes the brain is enlarged and more complex, with visible hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain sections.

The rest of the central nervous system is usually 'ladder-like', with a pair of nerve cords that run along the bottom part of the body cavity. In each segment there are paired ganglia linked by a cross-connection. From each segmental ganglion a branching system of local nerves runs into the body wall and then encircles the body.

Main groups 
Polychaetes: about 12,000 species, free-living
Clitellates: about 5,000 species
Oligochaetes
Hirudinea
Echiura

References
Polychaetes, or bristle worms, are a class of annelid worms.

They are generally found in a marine environment. There are more than 10,000 known species in this class. They are ancient animals, dating back to 518 million years ago. They are first found in the early Cambrian fossil beds of Sirius Passet in Greenland.

Each of their body segments has some fleshy protrusions that stand out. These 'parapodia' have many bristles, which are made of chitin. This is different from the Oligochaeta, which are similar in form, but only have a few bristles.

Common species are the lugworm, and the clam worm Nereis (which is sometimes also called a 'sandworm').

Description 
Polychaetes are segmented worms, generally less than  in length, although ranging at the extremes from  to . They are often brightly coloured, and may be iridescent or even luminescent.
Each segment bears a pair of paddle-like parapodia, which are used for movement. In many species, the parapodia, well supplied with blood vessels, act as the worm's primary respiratory surfaces. Bundles of bristles  stick out from the parapodia.

Some bristle worms have poison bristles. The bristles will break off in the skin of a predator that tries to pick up the animal and sting the predator painfully.

The head, or prostomium, is relatively well developed, compared with other annelids. It is forward over the mouth, which lies on the animal's underside. The head normally includes two to four pair of eyes, although there are some blind species. These eyes are fairly simple structures, capable of distinguishing between light and dark. Some species have large eyes with lenses that may be capable of real vision.
The head also includes a pair of antennae, tentacle-like palps, and a pair of pits lined with cilia, known as "nuchal organs". These latter appear to be chemoreceptors which help the worm seek out food.

Ecology 
Polychaetes vary in form and lifestyle. Most burrow or build tubes in the sediment, some swim among the plankton, and some live as commensals. A few are parasitic.

The mobile forms tend to have well-developed sense organs and jaws, while the stationary forms lack them, but may have specialized gills or tentacles used for respiration and deposit or filter feeding, e.g., fanworms.

A few groups have evolved to live in terrestrial environments, but are restricted to humid areas. Some have even evolved tubes that open inwards from the skin which work like simple lungs, absorbing oxygen from the air and allowing release of waste gases.
Notable polychaetes
 One notable polychaete, the Pompeii worm (Alvinella pompejana) is endemic to the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific Ocean. Pompeii worms are among the most heat-tolerant metazoan animals known.
 A recently discovered genus, Osedax, includes a species nicknamed the "bone-eating snot flower".
 Another remarkable polychaete is Hesiocaeca methanicola, which lives on methane clathrate deposits.
 Lamellibrachia luymesi is a cold seep tube worm which reaches lengths of over 3 meters, and may be the most long-lived animal at over 250 years old.
 A still unclassified multi-legged predatory polychaete worm was identified only by observation from the underwater vehicle Nereus at the bottom of the Challenger Deep, the greatest depth in the oceans, near 10,902 m (35,768 ft) depth. It was about an inch long visually, but the probe failed to capture it, so it could not be studied in detail.
 Eunice aphroditois is a sea-floor predator which catches and eats fish bigger than itself.
Bristle worm diet 
Most bristle worms are scavengers, but some are good predators, eating fishes and coral. Others like to eat algae. They are usually found hiding in reefs and rocky places. They crawl along the sea floor or the bottom of a tide pool, looking for something to eat.

References 

Annelids
Extremophiles
The lugworm (Arenicola marina), also known as the sandworm, is a large marine worm of the phylum Annelida. Lugworms make the coiled tubes of sand that are a familiar sight on a beach at low tide. The lugworm itself is not seen except by people who dig them up from curiosity or to use as fishing bait.

The lugworm lives in a U-shaped tube in the sand, and filters out its food from the water.

Arenicola marina can grow to about 5 inches long (13 cm). Its body is segmented, like that of an earthworm. It has bristles in the middle of its body. It is a polychaete. It also has well-developed blood-vessels, and gills to breathe in the water. 

Although the textbook example is usually Arenicola marina, there is a second species, Arenicola defodiens, which lives a similar life. It grows to about 9 inches long (23 cm)

References

Annelids
Alitta succinea, also known as the pile worm or clam worm, is a common polychaete worm.  

It is a species of ragworm or sandworm. The terms can refer to any one of a number of other species.  

This worm can reach up to 15 centimeters (6 inches) in length.  Most specimens are smaller than this. It is brown coloured at the rear, and reddish-brown on the rest of its body. It has a head with four eyes, two sensory feelers or palps, and eight tentacles. It is a freeswimming polychaete, scavenging on the bottom of shallow marine waters. 

Clam worms are an important food source for bottom-feeding fish and crustaceans. They can protect themselves by secreting a mucous substance which hardens to form a sheath around them.

Planktonic larvae develop, grow into adults and eventually sink to the bottom of the water.

References 

Annelids
Protozoa are microorganisms.  They are single-celled heterotrophic eukaryotes, which eat bacteria and other food sources.

It is an old term, and the wider term protist is generally preferred today.  However, 'protozoa' is often used for convenience, especially in junior education.  It is a convenient hold-all term, and most systems of taxonomy  classify 'protozoa' into several different phyla.

The term is problematic because modern biochemical and genetic techniques show that it includes several quite different kinds of cells. They are found only in moist or aquatic habitats. Many protozoan species are symbionts, some are parasites, and some are predators of soil bacteria and algae. About 30,000 protozoan species are known.  The study of protists is called "protistology".

Related pages 
 Protist
 Eukaryote
 Amoeba
 Paramecium

References
The name Sandworm' can refer to different species:
A ragworm, of the genus Nereis
A lugworm

It can also stand for huge worms in the book Dune by Frank Herbert, see Sandworm (Dune)
Hematophagy is the habit of certain animals to feed on blood. Blood is rich in proteins. Examples of animals that feed on blood are mosquitoes, vampire bats and leeches.

Parasitism
The crinoids are a  class of echinoderms. They have two forms, the sea lilies, stalked forms attached to the sea floor, and the feather stars, which are free-living.

All crinoids are marine, and live both in shallow water and in depths as great as 6000 meters. The basic echinoderm pattern of fivefold symmetry can be recognized, but most crinoids have many more than five arms. Crinoids have a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms.

The crinoids have a long history. They were the first echinoderms to appear in the fossil record, and have kept their early structure throughout their long career. They were extremely common in the Palaeozoic, and some rocks from the Carboniferous consist almost entirely of fossil crinoids.

Anatomy 
Crinoids' mouths faces up towards the surface of the ocean, and the stalked forms feed on the detritus which comes down to the bottom. The mouth is surrounded by many feathery tentacles. They have a U-shaped gut, and their anus is located next to the mouth.
History  

The crinoids were almost wiped out by the extinction event at the end of the Palaeozoic era. Four whole classes became extinct, and the few that survived became the only living class, the Articulata. The stalked members of the class sufered from heavy predation in the Mesozoic. and now all the remaining sea lilies are in deep water, where the competition is less fierce. The feather stars have been much more successful.

In 2005, a stalked crinoid was recorded pulling itself along the sea floor off the Grand Bahama Island. The recording showed a crinoid moving at much faster speeds than was thought possible.

Feather stars
Feather stars 

The free-living feather stars first appear in the Upper Triassic. They are related to starfish. As juveniles, they are attached to the sea bottom by a stalk, as their ancestors were. In the adult stage they break away from the stalk and can move about. Some can swim by undulating movements of the arms. Usually, feather stars creep about by using projections at the bottom of the crown, called cirri. They are the only crinoids in shallow water, and are all in the orderComatulidae. Their flexible arms and ability to choose their feeding grounds was undoubtedly important in their success and survival.p293

During the day, they roll into a ball. But at night, they spread out their arms to catch plankton. Feather stars arrange themselves so the fan faces the flow of the current. The posture serves to present the maximum area of food-collecting surfaces to the incoming water flow, so that more particles will settle on them. They are found mostly in shallow water.

References 

Echinoderms
The Yorkshire Dales (also known as the "Dales") is the name given to an upland area, mostly in Yorkshire, in Northern England. Most of the area falls within the Yorkshire Dales District National Park, created in 1954. The "Dales" is one of the twelve National parks of England and Wales. The area is so called because it is a collection of river valleys ("dale" comes from a Danish word for valley), and the hills in between them.  The area is mainly in the historic county of Yorkshire, but today is partly in three modern counties : North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, and Cumbria.

List of Dales

 Arkengarthdale
 Birkdale
 Bishopdale
 Coverdale
 Dentdale
 Garsdale
 Langstrothdale
 Littondale
 Malhamdale
 Nidderdale
 Ribblesdale
 Swaledale
 Wensleydale
 Wharfedale

Related pages
 Bolton Castle
 Skipton
 Settle-Carlisle Railway
 List of peaks in the Yorkshire Dales

Other websites 

 Yorkshire Dales Society 
 Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority
 Photos of The Yorkshire Dales on Flickr

North Yorkshire
Suwanee is a city in the American state of Georgia. It is in Gwinnett County. In 2020, about 20,786 people lived in Suwanee. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of .   of it is land and  of it (0.7%) is water.

References

Gwinnett County, Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Cumming is a city in the American state of Georgia. The city is the county seat of Forsyth County. About 7,300 people live in Cumming. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of .   of it is land and  of it (0.6%) is water.

Other websites 
 City of Cumming website

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
County seats in Georgia
Athens is a town in the American state of Georgia.

It is the county seat of Clarke County.

The University of Georgia is in Athens.

References

Other websites 
 Athens-Clarke County: Unified City/County Government Official Site
 Athens Convention & Visitors Bureau
 Athens Stuff Guide 
 The University of Georgia

County seats in Georgia
Towns in Georgia (U.S. state)
Anaerobic digestion is the way microorganisms break down organic matter without oxygen. This process happens naturally, but it is called anaerobic digestion when it is supported and contained. 

An anaerobic digester is an industrial system that supports this process. Biodegradation to treat waste is one of the main purposes. Generating biogas to provide fuel is another. It also produces soil improving material.

References

Other websites 
Digestion archives 
European Anaerobic Digestion Network 
Independent Anaerobic Digestion Website
Thermophilic Anaerobic Digesters 
Methane (Biogas) from Anaerobic Digesters
Application of anaerobic digesters 
Anaerobic Biodigester Design for Small Tropical Producers 

Energy
Zoology
Physiology
Clarke County is a county in the American state of Georgia. The county seat of Clarke County is Athens, Georgia. Clarke county was formed on December 5, 1801 and named after Revolutionary War hero Elijah Clarke. The University of Georgia is in Clarke County. At the 2020 census, Clarke county had 128,671 people.

References

Other websites 
 Official site

Georgia (U.S. state) counties
1801 establishments in the United States
1800s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Forsyth County is a county in the American state of Georgia. The county seat of Forsyth County is Cumming, Georgia. Forsyth County has one of the fastest growing populations of any county in the United States. The number of people grew from 98,407 to 175,511 between 2000 and 2010, and was 251,283 in 2020. The county was made in 1832 and is named after John Forsyth. The county has five main high schools including; North Forsyth, West Forsyth, Lambert High, Forsyth Central, and South Forsyth.

References

Other websites 
Government site
Forsyth County Georgia, Local Web Portal and Directory
John Forsyth, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
History and Records, Forsyth County, GA
North Forsyth High School
West Forsyth High School
Lambert High School
Forsyth Central High School
South Forsyth High School

Georgia (U.S. state) counties
1832 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Johns Creek is a city in the American state of Georgia. It was made a city on December 1, 2006. It is a suburb in the northeast of Atlanta. Johns Creek has about 82,000 people living in it. It is a part of Fulton County. Johns Creek is the 10th largest city in Georgia.

References

Other websites 
Official site 

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Fulton County, Georgia
The Black Parade is a 2006 album by the band My Chemical Romance. It is the third album from the band. The album is a concept album. The songs on this album follow the life of The Patient, a man dying of cancer. The album takes the listener into The Patient's mind, fears, regrets, and accomplishments. 

Much like their first two albums, The Black Parade offers a message of hope. 

The Black Parade is: Ray Toro, Mikey Way, Gerard Way, Frank Iero, and Bob Bryar.

Track listing
"The End." – 1:52
"Dead!" – 3:15
"This Is How I Disappear" – 3:59
"The Sharpest Lives" – 3:20
"Welcome to the Black Parade" – 5:11
"I Don't Love You" – 3:58
"House of Wolves" – 3:04
"Cancer" – 2:22
"Mama" – 4:39
"Sleep" – 4:43
"Teenagers" – 2:41
"Disenchanted" – 4:55
"Famous Last Words" – 4:59
"Blood" (hidden track) – 2:53 (starts at 1:30)

B-sides
"Heaven Help Us" – 2:54
"My Way Home Is Through You" – 2:59
"Kill All Your Friends" – 4:28

Sales

References

My Chemical Romance
2006 albums
Biogas is a gas produced by the digestion in an oxygen free (anaerobic digestion) or fermentation of organic matter. The organic matter can be manure, sewage, municipal waste, compost, food waste or any other biodegradable raw material. Biogas is mainly methane and carbon dioxide. Depending on where it is produced, biogas is also called:

 swamp gas  
 marsh gas
 landfill gas
 digester gas

Biogas can be used as a vehicle fuel or to generate electricity. It can also be burned directly for cooking, heating, lighting, process heat and absorption refrigeration.

Biogas and anaerobic digestion
Anaerobic digestion is much used to make biogas from biodegradable waste because valuable fuel can be produced while destroying disease-causing pathogens and reducing the volume of disposed waste products.  The methane in bio gas burns more cleanly than coal, and produces more energy with less emissions of carbon dioxide.  The harvesting of bio gas is an important role of waste management because methane is a greenhouse gas with a greater global warming potential than carbon dioxide.  The carbon in bio gas was generally recently extracted from the atmosphere by photosynthetic plants, so releasing it back into the atmosphere adds less total atmospheric carbon than the burning of fossil fuels.

Biogas typical composition range 

The composition of biogas varies depending on how it is made.  Landfill gas typically has methane concentrations around 50%. Advanced waste treatment technologies can produce biogas with 55-75%CH4.

 often 5% of air is introduced to get rid of sulfur microbiologically
Related pages 
 Producer gas

Other websites 
 AGORES - Biogas Biofuel Lille  (PDF)
 AGORES - Biogas Biofuel Stockholm  (PDF)
 University of Adelaide - An Introduction to Biogas
 Biogas in Rural Costa Rica 
 Solid Waste Association of North America
 Landfill Gas Symposium

References 

Biofuels
A liturgy is a ceremony, according to the traditions of a particular group or event. In religion, it may mean an elaborate formal ritual (such as the Catholic Mass), or a daily activity such as the Muslim Salats. Anglican, Orthodox, Lutheran, or other groups, when using the words "the liturgy", normally mean a standardized order of events observed during a religious service, often including the Eucharist or Communion. The open or waiting worship of Quakers is an example of a non-liturgical service because there is no structured order of events.

Related pages
Christian liturgy

Notes

References
Bowker, John, ed. (1997) Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. Oxford University Press. .
"What Do Quakers Believe?". Quaker Information Center, Philadelphia, PA, 2004.

Other websites 
Catholic Encyclopedia article
Orthodox Tradition and the Liturgy 
Jewish Encyclopedia: Liturgy
Contemporary Christian Liturgy Website History, theory, practice

Worship
Mass is the term used to describe celebration of the Eucharist in the Western liturgical rites of the Roman Catholic Church, Old Catholic Churches, in the Anglo-Catholic tradition of Anglicanism, and in some largely High Church Lutheran regions: in Scandinavian and Baltic countries the Lutheran Eucharistic service is also known as "the Mass".

Origin 
The term comes from the late-Latin word missa (dismissal), a word used in the concluding formula of Mass in Latin: "Ite, missa est" ("Go, it is the dismissal"). Dismissal means that someone is allowed to leave. In this case, people are being allowed to leave because Mass is finished. In another sense, it also means that people are allowed to leave to go on a mission to tell other people about Jesus and Christianity.
Catholic Church 
Mass is the most important ceremony and form of worship in the Catholic Church. The Eucharist is thought to be the most important part of Christian life because that is when the blood and body of Christ is received in the form of bread and wine as a sacrifice.

A Sunday Mass is about an hour long. On other days, it is about half an hour. A Mass can be longer or shorter depending on how many people there are taking Communion.

A good Catholic is supposed to go to Mass every Sunday and on some other holy days. Even though Mass can be on other days, a Catholic is still supposed to go to one on Sunday.

There are four parts in a Catholic Mass. They are all the same all around the world but in different languages. The four parts are the Introductory Rites, the Liturgy of the Word, the Liturgy of the Eucharist, and Concluding Rites.
Introductory Rites 
The priest comes in and everyone does the sign of the cross. He greets everyone in the congregation. Then people confess their sins together and ask the Lord for mercy. After that, they sing the hymn Gloria and the priest says a prayer called the collect.

Liturgy of the Word 
In this part of Mass, some parts of the Bible are read. They are a first reading (which can be from either the Old or New Testament), a psalm, a second reading from the New Testament, and a reading from the Gospel. Then the priest will have a short sermon (homily). After that, the Apostles' Creed is said. Finally, some intercessory prayers can be made on behalf on another person.
Liturgy of the Eucharist 
During the Liturgy of the Eucharist, the bread and wine is offered at the altar. The priest consecrates them, which is when he says that they are the body (bread) and blood (wine) of Jesus. According to the teachings of the Catholic Church, this turns them into the actual blood and body of Christ (transubstantiation) even though they still look, smell, and taste like bread and wine.

After this, the Lord's Prayer is said. Next, people in the congregation do a sign of peace (usually a nod or handshake while saying "peace" or "peace be with you") with one another to show that they are now one family in Christ. The bread and wine are then eaten in a process called Communion. Only baptized Catholics who are sorry for their sins are allowed to take part in Communion.

After Communion, there is a prayer to give thanks to God.

Concluding Rites 
There may be announcements about important things going on in the parish during this time.

The priest blesses everyone and dismisses them.
Related pages
 Eucharist
 Roman Catholic Church

References

Other websites 
Roman Catholic doctrine
 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1322-1419
 History of the Roman rite of the Mass
 Why Fast Before Communion? by Fr. William Saunders 
 Catholic Apologetics of America
 Links to documents on the Mass 
 Mass times in the world
 The Annotated Mass
Present form of the Roman rite of the Mass
 The Order of Mass 
 Fr. Larry Fama's Instructional Mass 
 Today's Mass readings  (New American Bible version)
 The Readings of the Mass (Jerusalem Bible version)
 Mass Readings  (text in official Lectionary for Ireland, Australia, Britain, New Zealand etc.)

Tridentine form of the Roman rite of the Mass
 The Holy Mass: A Pictorial Guide with Text

Anglican Doctrine and practice
 The Anglican Missal online 

Lutheran doctrine
 Article 24 of the Augsburg Confession , regarding the Mass
 Article 23 of the Defense of the Augsburg Confession , regarding the Mass

Christian worship and liturgy
The woodpeckers and its near relatives the piculets, wrynecks and sapsuckers are the family Picidae. They are near-passerine birds. Members of the Picidae are found worldwide, except for the parts of old Gondwana which they did not get to: Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar and Antarctica. Most species live in forests or woodland habitats.

The Picidae are just one of the eight living families in the order Piciformes. DNA sequence analyses have shown they are a clade.

There are about 240 species and about 35 genera in this family. Many species are threatened or endangered due to loss of habitat or habitat fragmentation.

Habits 
All the special features (traits) of the woodpeckers are adaptations to their mode of life.

Members of the family Picidae have strong bills for drilling and drumming on trees and long sticky tongues for extracting food. The bills of piculets and wrynecks are shorter, and less strong and sharp than those of woodpeckers, but their morphology is very similar.
Woodpeckers operate mainly on tree trunks, staying in place propped up by their stiff tail feathers. Piculets and wrynecks live mainly on the branches, and they lack the stiffened tail feathers.

The woodpecker bill's chisel-like tip is kept sharp by the pecking action on wood.  With their smaller bill size, many piculets and wrynecks will forage in decaying wood more often than woodpeckers. The long sticky tongues, which have bristles, help the birds grab and extracting insects from deep in a hole of a tree. Detailed studies published in 2004 showed that the tongue wraps around the prey before being pulled out.
Preventing brain damage 
Many of the foraging, breeding and signalling behaviours of woodpeckers involve drumming and hammering using the bill. To prevent brain damage from the rapid and repeated decelerations, woodpeckers have a number of adaptations which protect the brain. These include small brain size, the orientation of the brain within the skull (which spreads the area of contact between the brain and the skull) and the short duration of contact.
The unequal length of the upper and lower parts of their beaks (the lower being longer), serves to steer the impact force downwards, away from the brain. Also, the woodpecker’s brain is held in a skull with uneven, spongy plates that absorb shock. Third, woodpeckers have a special hyoid bone, which reaches from their beak, loops over top of the skull to completely surround their brains. This acts to keep the brain in place. It is the movement of the brain inside the skull during impact, more than the blow itself, that causes concussions. If the brain is held in place, injury risks are greatly reduced.

Other adaptations 
The millisecond before contact with wood a thickened nictitating membrane closes, protecting the eye from flying debris. The nostrils are also protected; they are often slit-like and have special feathers to cover them.
Woodpeckers, piculets and wrynecks all have zygodactyl feet. These feet have four toes, the first and the fourth face backward, and the second and third face forward. This foot arrangement is good for grasping the limbs and trunks of trees. Members of this family can walk vertically up a tree trunk. In addition to the strong claws and feet, woodpeckers have short strong legs. This is typical of birds that regularly forage on trunks. The tails of all woodpeckers except the piculets and wrynecks are stiffened, and when the bird perches on vertical surfaces, the tail and feet work together to support it.

Wrynecks 

The wrynecks (genus Jynx) are two species of small Old World woodpeckers.
They are very similar to true woodpeckers, but lack the stiff tail feathers that  woodpeckers use when climbing trees. They are more likely to perch on a branch rather than an upright trunk. Their bills are shorter and less dagger-like than in the true woodpeckers. Their chief prey is ants and other insects, which they find in decaying wood or almost bare soil. They re-use woodpecker holes for nesting, rather than making their own holes. The eggs are white, as with many hole nesters.

These birds can turn their heads almost 180 degrees. When disturbed at the nest, they use this snake-like  head twisting and hissing as a threat display. This odd behaviour led to their use in witchcraft, hence to put a "jinx" on someone.

References 

Piciformes
Piri Reis (full name Hadji Muhiddin Piri Ibn Hadji Mehmed) (about 1465 – 1554 or 1555) was an Ottoman-Turkish admiral and cartographer born between 1465 and 1470 in Gallipoli on the Aegean coast of Turkey. Today, people remember him because of the maps he made. He made the first Ottoman map to show parts of the Americas, the Piri Reis map, in 1513. He drew a second map in 1528. Only a fragment of that map survives today. That fragment however, shows parts of North America, including Greenland. It goes from the coast of Labrador and Newfoundland in the north, to Florida,Cuba and parts of Central America in the south. Therefore, some people believe he drew a map of the Arctic about 200 years before it was discovered.

1460s births
1554 deaths
Admirals
Cartographers
Asian explorers
Turkish military people
Walter Stanborough Sutton (5 April 1877 – 10 November 1916) was an American biologist and surgeon. Sutton was born in Utica, New York and raised in Russell, Kansas. He got Bachelors and Masters degres from the University of Kansas. Sutton then went to Columbia University and got his doctorate in medicine in 1907.

In 1903 Sutton suggested that chromosomes, which segregate in a Mendelian fashion, are hereditary units. Edmund B. Wilson (1856–1939), Sutton's teacher, and the author of one of the most famous text-books in biology, called this the Sutton–Boveri hypothesis.

References 

American biologists
American physicians
Cell biologists
Columbia University alumni
Scientists from Kansas
1877 births
1916 deaths
Star Wars: The Clone Wars is an Canadian computer-animated television series created by George Lucas and by Lucasfilm Animation set during Star Wars: Episode II Attack of the Clones from Three Months after the Battle of Geonosis and before Revenge of the Sith when Anakin turns evil. The series became very popular around the world on Cartoon Network as U.S. Cartoon Network owned rights for season 1-5 but as season 6 was relicenced to Netflix in U.S. and Canada. Disney had cancelled the show due to want more of Star Wars Episode 7 and Star Wars Rebels but in September 7 2014 on star wars.com a story arc with rough animation reel was the unreleased episodes due to cancellation and Star Wars Son of Dathomir was turned in to a comic book and another one will come with Asajj Ventress in June 2015.
Plot
The Clone Wars has begin as the Jedi Knights struggle to maintain peace in the galaxy and are forced to lead the Clone army of the republic against the evil droids army of the Sith lead by Count Dooku, General Grievous and other villains.

Danske Stemmer
 Øzlem Saglanmak – Ahsoka Tano
 Sebastian Jessen – Anakin Skywalker
 Mette Skovmark – Dronning Amidala
 Niels Weyde – Grev Dooku
 Paul Hüttel – Kansler Patpaline
 Jens Jacob Tychsen – Mace Windu
 Torbjørn Hummel – Mas Amedda (sæson 2)
 Lars Thiesgaard – Mas Amedda (sæson 3-6)
 Lars Lippert – Obi-Wan Kenobi
Additional Voices
 Annevig Schelde Ebbe
 Andreas Jessen
 Daniel Vognstrup Jørgensen
 Finn Storgaard
 Henrik Jandorf
 Jens Jacob Tychsen
 Jette Sophie Sievertsen
 Josef Aarskov
 Kasper Leisner
 Lars Lippert
 Lars Thiesgaard
 Laus Høybye
 Mette Skovmark
 Niels Weyde
 Paul Hüttel
 Peter Pilegaard
 Peter Røschke
 Peter Zhelder
 Puk Scharbau
 Sebastian Jessen
 Søren Spanning
 Tara Toya
 Torben Sekov
 Torbjørn Hummel
 Troells Walther Toya
 Vibeke Dueholm
 Øzlem Saglanmak

Production
The series was spinoff the 2D cartoon series made to a 3D series. George Lucas (executive producer) had first the idea as wanting to make a series based on the clone wars. George Lucas intended to make 100 episodes in five seasons.

Episodes
The first set of episodes were combined to form a movie, which was released in theaters in 2008. Then the television series continued from there.
Lucasfilm had Originally produced 100 episodes divided in 5 seasons but Dave Filoni had confirmed on his Facebook a sixth season coming in Early 2014 on Netflix and a sixith season came with 11 episodes but there were still unfinished episodes and story arcs so the Clone Wars Legacy had an unreleased rought animatic story arc on starwars.com and turned in to comic books and novels.

In 2020, a seventh and final season was released on Disney Plus. This was an additional 12 episodes.

Release

Broadcast
The series airs on Cartoon Network U.S. and Cartoon Network Worldwide. First in U.S. in 2008. Netflix had obtained rights for season six.

Home media
The seasons of the show was made in DVD released in volumes as Season Two Volume titled Commando Commanders. DVD called Return of Darth Maul containing Darth Maul return story arc and Asajj Ventress new life. After Season Six came on Netflix the season came on DVD titled ''The Lost Missions'

References

Other websites
Other websites 
 

Animated television series
Clone Wars, Star Wars.
Netflix original series
Cartoon Network series
Darth Maul is a fictional character from the Star Wars universe. The character first appeared in the movie Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace in 1999. Darth Maul has also been in many books set in the time period just before the Clone Wars. Darth Maul was played by Ray Park in the movie.

Darth Maul is the first known apprentice of Darth Sidious. Maul is a Sith lord who uses the Dark Side of the Force. Darth Maul has black and red tattoos covering his head and face, a crown of small horns, and evil yellow eyes. He uses a red, double bladed lightsaber as a weapon. He flies the starship The Sith Infiltrator.

History
History

After Nute Gunray, the viceroy of the Trade Federation, loses Queen Amidala, Darth Sidious sends Darth Maul to track her down. Darth Maul follows her to Tatooine, where he sends out probe droids to find her. As Anakin, the Queen and the Jedi Qui-Gon Jinn get ready to leave the planet, Darth Maul attacks on his speeder and Maul and Qui-Gon battle. After losing the Queen, Darth Sidious sends Darth Maul to Naboo to watch over the planet. When the Queen launches an attack, Darth Maul shows himself again. This time Qui-Gon Jinn and Obi-Wan Kenobi start to battle with him. Darth Maul kills Qui-Gon and almost pushes Obi-Wan down a pit. In the end, Obi-Wan uses Qui-Gon's lightsaber to cut Darth Maul in half. Darth Maul fell down the pit, but somehow survived, as shown when he turns up again in the 2008 animated TV series, Star Wars: The Clone Wars.

References

Other websites 
 Star Wars Databank  Maul, Darth
Fictional characters introduced in 1999
Star Wars Anthology characters
Star Wars Skywalker Saga characters
Tony Hawk's (series) guest characters
Probe droids are robots in the Star Wars movies. They are used for spying and finding people. Darth Maul used probe droids to find Queen Amidala and the Jedi in The Phantom Menace. In The Empire Strikes Back, the Imperials use the probe droids to find the Rebel base.

Star Wars

en:List of minor Star Wars droids#Probe droid
Count Dooku of Serenno (also known as Darth Tyranus) is a character from the Star Wars universe. Dooku is one of the major characters in Episode II: Attack of the Clones. He was played by late Christopher Lee. 

He is the second known student of Darth Sidious. Dooku is also the leader of the Confederacy of Independent Systems during the Clone Wars.

Fictional characters introduced in 2002
Star Wars characters
The Clone Wars was a period in the Star Wars movies. It was first mentioned in Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977) and was explored later in several films, books, and television series.

Within the Star Wars franchise, the Clone Wars are a galactic war that lasted from 22 BBY to 19 BBY. The war was fought by the Galactic Republic and the Jedi Order on one side against the Confederacy of Independent Systems and the Sith on the other. Ultimately, both sides lost and the Galactic Empire was born under Sith rule.

The war began during the events of Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones (2002) and ended in Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005). In 2008, an animated film called Star Wars: The Clone Wars and a similarly named television series were released. These focused on the events that occurred in between.
Other less prominent media have explored this period as well, such as Star Wars: Clone Wars (an animated series from 2003 to 2005) and comic books focusing on Darth Maul. Several new Star Wars characters were created in this period that have become very popular, such as Ahsoka Tano and Asajj Ventress.

Star Wars
Prokaryotes (or Monera) are some of the simplest living things.  They are unicellular organisms and they include two major divisions of simple living beings: bacteria, and Archaea.  They generally do not have a cell nucleus, nuclear membrane or cell organelles, however a small number of exceptions have been found.  Prokaryotes possess genetic material in the form of a single DNA loop called a Nucleoid that floats around freely inside the cell. Bacteria include the Cyanobacteria (formerly known as blue-green algae due to their photosynthetic capacity).

Some form biofilms that are somewhat like multicellular organisms.
Besides a nucleus, prokaryotes lack other things eukaryotes (cells with a true nucleus) have. They reproduce without fusion of gametes. They do not have membranes. This means that there are no vacuoles, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticula or other organelles inside the cell. However, they do have ribosomes, though of a simpler kind than eukaryotes. Eukaryote cells include organelles which were once free-living prokaryotes.

Taxonomy 
In 1977, Carl Woese proposed dividing prokaryotes into the Bacteria and Archaea (originally Eubacteria and Archaebacteria) because of the major differences in the structure and genetics between the two groups of organisms. This arrangement of Eukaryota (also called "Eukarya"), Bacteria, and Archaea is called the three-domain system, replacing the traditional two-empire system.
The Archaea include simple organisms which were first discovered in extreme environments. Most of them can survive at very high or very low temperatures. Some of them can also survive in highly salty, acidic or alkaline water. Some have been found in geysers, black smokers or oil wells.

The prokaryotes may not be a monophyletic, taxonomic group of common descent, but merely a group of similar organisms. The relationships between Archaea, Eubacteria and Eukaryota are assessed differently by different scientists. The three-domain system of Carl Woese treats them as one monophyletic group.

References 

Cell biology
Cuttlebone is a hard brittle structure found inside cuttlefish. Like seashells, the cuttlebone is made of calcium carbonate. The cuttlebone is special as it is covered with tiny holes that the cuttlefish can fill with water or air. This allows the cuttlefish to control its ability to float or sink in water. In the past, cuttlebones were used to make polishing powder. This power was then added to toothpaste to make it look white. Today, cuttlebone is mainly used for caged birds and turtles in their habitats, so they get their calcium easily and fast.

Animal anatomy
Cephalopods
Decapodiformes is a superorder of Cephalopoda. It includes cephalopods with ten feet. These are usually eight short arms and two long tentacles. Well-known members are cuttlefish, squid, and the extinct belemnites.

References 

 Young, R. E., Vecchione, M., Mangold, K. M. (2008). Decapodiformes Leach, 1817. Squids, cuttlefishes and their relatives. in The Tree of Life Web Project
 "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Decapodiformes". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2023-03-23.

Cephalopods
Octopodiformes is a group of cephalopods with eight arms and no skeletal structure. They include Octopods and the Vampire squid.

References

Cephalopods
Octopoda is one of the largest orders which contain the common octopus and some other types. Fossila are rare, but they do have a fossil record starting in the later Carboniferous.

Octopods are put into two suborders. One, the Incirrina, is composed of the well-known Octopus of rocky shores and coral reefs and its relatives. The other suborder, the Cirrina, contains octopods whose tentacles are linked by an umbrella-like mantle, so their activity is rather different from the common octopus.

References 

Cephalopods