Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
"Techno Cumbia" featured unreleased scenes of the "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom" music video and a group of dancers who danced along with the music. "Tú Sólo Tú", being released in September 1995, featured videos and pictures of Selena. Mariachi Sol de México were featured in the video, they also were the backup singers in the song. "I'm Getting Used To You", which became the final music video to be released from Dreaming of You, featured "Selena wannabe's" auditioning for the role of "Selena", while the other scene featured two young adults who are in love. "Siempre Hace Frio" was released to promote the remix album Siempre Selena. Jennifer Lopez is featured in the video as "Selena", though her entire body was covered with charoma key. "No Quiero Saber" (remix version) was released in December 1996 and featured Selena performing the song in her concerts.
"Viviras Selena", which is a tribute song, was released in March 1997. The video was filmed in Q-Productions recording studio where Tejano singers such as: Pete Astudillo, Bobby Pulido, Emilio Navaria, Jennifer Peña, Graciela Beltran and the Barrio Boyzz' recording the song live. "A Boy Like That" was released in the summer of 1997 and was directed by Kenny Ortega. The video featured backup dancers wearing shirts that are covered in radioluminescence (glow-in-the-dark) paint. "Missing My Baby" was a promotional video that was filmed and created by VH1 producers. The video was promoting the box-set Anthology (1998) and was released in the fall of 1998. "Disco Medley" music video featured Selena's performance of the song at the Houston Astrodome on February 26, 1995. In 2001, Los Tres Reyes released their duet-version of "No Me Queda Mas", Selena was only featured in two scenes of the music video
. David Bryne released a live music video featuring Selena in the song "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)", which was filmed in 2003. During Selena's tenth death anniversary her brother's band Kumbia Kings released a remix video of "Baila Esta Cumbia" in March 2005.
Music videos

Before death

After death

Video/Live albums

Related pages
Selena albums discography
Selena singles discography

References

Other websites 
 Official website

Videographies
Selena
The Rohingya are an Aryan ethnic group of Southeast Asia, considered as Gypsy of Burma. They are Muslims. They live in the Arakan State in western Myanmar (or Burma), and in the Chittagong Hill Tracts in south-eastern Bangladesh. They are not citizens of either Burma or Bangladesh.

Starting from 2017, many Rohingya refugees began to arrive in Bangladesh in order to escape the genocide against them in Myanmar.

History 
The Rohingya say that they are native to the region now known as Arakan. They are the product of the mixing of different cultures.
The Rohingya are quite different than other people in Burma. While most people in Burma are Buddhist and speak Burmese, the Rohingya are Muslim and speak the Rohingya language, which is quite similar to the Bengali language spoken in the neighboring country of Bangladesh. Because of these differences, a lot of people look down on the Rohingya and treat them wrong. They are worried that the Rohingya are not loyal to Burma and will try to take over the country, even though Rohingya are outnumbered by other groups.

The Burmese government does not like the Rohingya people. They say that the Rohingya are Bengalis and do not belong in the country. Because of this, Rohingyas cannot do things that other people in Burma can, such as go to school and vote.

In the 2010s, the Burmese government started to put the Rohingya in concentration camps and not allow them to leave. They also took away their ID cards so that they can't say that they were seen as Burmese citizens in the past.
In 2017, the Burmese army started burning down Rohingya villages. They also killed a lot of Rohingya men and said that they were part of terrorist groups. However, most Rohingya are not involved in terrorism and just want to live peaceful lives.

In Bangladesh, a mass-Circumcision, Sünnet like was done for Rohingya Muslim boys

References 

Ethnic groups in Bangladesh
(September 11, 1719, Edo, Japan – August 25, 1788, Edo) was a senior counselor (rōjū) of the Tokugawa shogunate.  He is known for the introduction of monetary reform.

Daimyo 
Tanuma was also a daimyo of the Sagara han.  He used the title Tonomo-no-kami.

Shogunate leader 
The administration of Tanuma was marked by corruption and by inflation of currency.

In 1784 (Tenmei 4), Okitsugu's son was assassinated in front of his father inside Edo Castle. The involvement of senior figures in the bakufu was suspected, but only the assassin was punished.  The result was that liberal reforms and the relaxation of the national isolation policy sakoku were stopped.

Related pages 
 Matsudaira Sadanobu

Notes

More reading 
 Hall, John Whitney. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719–1788: Forerunner of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.  OCLC 445621

1719 births
1788 deaths
Daimyo
People from Tokyo
Arakan is a Burmese state on the western coast of Myanmar. It is next to Bangladesh.

Etymology

The term Rakhine may have come from the Pali word "Rakkhapura" from "Rakkhita" meaning the land of the people of Rakhasa (Rakhasa > Rakkha > Rakkhaing > Rakhaing) who were given this name in honor of their preservation of their national heritage and ethics or morality. The word Rakhine means, "one who maintains his own race." In the Rakhine language, the land is called Rakhinepray, the ethnic Rakhine are called Rakhinetha.

Arakan, used in British colonial times, is believed to be a Portuguese corruption of the word Rakhine that is still popularly used in English. Many English language users no not use the name changes made by the military government.

Notes

References

States of Myanmar
Arakanese is a nationality in Myanmar; they  form the majority along the coastal region of present-day Rakhine State or Arakan State. They possibly constitute 5.53% or more of Myanmar's total population but no accurate census figures exist. Arakanese or Rakhine people also live in the southeastern parts of Bangladesh, especially in Chittagong and Barisal Divisions. A group of Arakanese descendants, living in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh at least since the 16th century, are known as the Marma people. These Arakanese descendants have been living in that area since the Arakanese kingdom's control of the Chittagong region.
Arakanese descendants spread as far north as Tripura state in India, where their presence dates back to the ascent of the Arakanese kingdom when Tripura was ruled by Arakanese kings. In northeast India, these Arakanese people are referred to as the Mog, while in Bengali, the Marma (the ethnic Arakanese descendants in Bangladesh) and other Arakanese people are referred to as the Magh people.

Ethnic groups in Asia
was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name), also known as Temmei, after An'ei and before Kansei.  This period started in April 1781 and ended in January 1789.  During this time, the emperor was .

The nengō Tenmei means "Heavenly Radiance". The kanji means "dawn" or "daybreak".

Events of the Tenmei era
1782 (Tenmei 2): Great Tenmei Famine began.
 1782 (Tenmei 2): The emperor received a written study of silver currency in China and Japan.  The work was made by Minamoto no Masatsuna.
 1783 (Tenmei 3):  erupted in Shinano Province and loss of life was estimated at 20,000+.
 1783 (Tenmei 3): Famine was worse; food reserves used up
 1784 (Tenmei 4): Nationwide events honored Kōbō-Daishi who was the founder of Shingon Buddhism.  Kōbō-Daishi died 950 years earlier.
 1784 (Tenmei 4): The son of Tanuma Okitsugu was assassinated in Edo Castle.
 17 September 1786 (Tenmei 6, 25th day of the 8th month): Shogun Tokugawa Ieharu died and was buried in Edo.
 1787 (Tenmei 7): Tokugawa Ienari became the 11th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.
 1787 (Tenmei 7): Matsudaira Sadanobu becomes the shogunate's senior official (rōjū).
 1787 (Tenmei 7): Kutsuki Masatsuna published Seiyō senpu (Notes on Western Coinage).
 1788 (Tenmei 7): Riots in rice shops in Edo and Osaka.
Related pages 
 Edo period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1781 establishments
18th-century establishments in Japan
1788 disestablishments
18th-century disestablishments in Japan
1780s establishments in Asia
Waltari is an alternative metal band from Finland. The band was formed  in Helsinki in 1986. The original members were Kärtsy Hatakka, Sale Suomalainen and Jariot Lehtinen. Their name is a reference to popular Finish writer Mika Waltari – a favorite author of band’s guitarist Jariot Lethinen. 

Waltari is more famous in the rest of Europe than in Finland and the band members have very positive relationships to Czech Republic. They’ve collaborated with Czech punk rock band Wohnout and Kärtsy is a good friend of Lenka Dusilová. The band has collaborated with many other artists. They’ve made albums with Finnish ethno band Angelit, they hosted on Apocalyptica’s album and Tarja Turunen from Nightwish was a part of Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! live performance.
Musicial style 
Waltari's music is well known for it’s destruction of rock and metal genre boundaries. Their heavy sound is often combined with elements of electronic music, pop, rap, disco, funk, grindcore and bits of many other genres and creates a fusion which can be described as avant-garde. The lead singer and bass guitarist, Kärtsy Hattaka, delivers very distinctive vocal part to their music and makes Waltari's sound even more unique and easily recognizable.

Lyrics 
Waltari’s lyrics are as diverse as their music. They’re about various range of topics including everyday misery, personal struggles, science fiction motives, and music industry philosophical questions. They have one thing in common – heavy irony, self-irony and sarcasm.
Albums 
Waltari started their musical career with demo records. The longest one was Monk Punk. This album presents an interesting mixture of punk and funk music, but the first release which provided the band more positive reviews was the album called Torcha! and it was also the first one which combined bits of many musical genres. It also includes the cover of Madonna’s song "Vogue".

Next two albums, So Fine and Big Bang were also very successful. They mainly concentrate on mixing heavy metal with techno, which was something fresh and innovative. Their biggest success among death metal fans yet came with the Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! album, which is mixture of death metal and classical music. It also has a musical feeling to it, because it’s kind of an epic story from future sung in dialogues of various characters.
Next album Space Avenue is more electronic and it has some pop feeling to it. Another one called Radium Round goes even further in that. It’s almost a pop/disco album with some metal elements. Waltari returned to more rock sound with albums like Rare Species and very successful Blood Sample. Last two albums – Release Date and Below Zero are mainly focused on heavy sound with bits of progressive rock. 

 Monk-Punk - 1991
 Torcha! - 1992
 So Fine! - 1994
 Big Bang - 1995
 Space Avenue - 1997
 Radium Round - 1999
 Rare Species - 2004
 Blood Sample - 2005
 Release Date - 2007
 Below Zero - 2009
 Covers All - The 25th Anniversary Album - 2011

Musical groups from Helsinki
Alternative metal bands
1986 establishments in Europe
1980s establishments in Finland
The capital of Brazil is Brasília, a planned city that was built to be the capital of the country. Before that, Brazil had two other capital cities: Salvador (1549–1763) and Rio de Janeiro (1763–1960).

Salvador
Salvador was established in 1549 by Thome da Sousa.  It became the capital of Brazil.

The city became the seat of the Catholic primate of Brazil.

Rio de Janeiro

The Portuguese colonial administration moved south to Rio de Janeiro in 1763. Rio was the capital of the Viceroyalty of Brazil.

In 1807 the Portuguese royal family fled Lisbon when Napoleon I of France invaded Portugal. The Portuguese royal capital was temporarily moved from Europe to Rio de Janeiro.

After the Brazil became an independent nation in 1822, Rio continued to be the capital of the Empire of Brazil.

When the Republic of Brazil was established in 1889, Rio was its capital also.

Brasilia
Brasília became the federal capital on April 21, 1960.

References

Capital of Brazil
In healthy people, myelin sheaths help neurons work.  Electric signals in neurons move quickly through long, narrow axons like electricity in a wire. The myelin is like the insulator around the wire that keeps the signal strong by keeping it from moving out of the wire before the end. In people with MS, infiltration of immune cells causes inflammation within the CNS resulting in the loss of the protective insulator, called "demyelination." The progressive loss of the myelin sheath, as well as the loss of myelin-producing cells, impair the ability of the body to regrow its myelin. Without the protective covering, the signals between neurons do not travel well. Because of this, the mind and body cannot work like they normally do.
Possible causes
Scientists and doctors do not know for certain the cause of MS, but they think some things put some people at a higher risk for MS:
 A person’s genetics (the qualities they are born with) 
 Too few vitamins in the body 
 Too much stress in a person’s life
 Smoking cigars or cigarettes
 Being ill many times as a child

Research about the causes of MS is still incomplete. Some scientists think that a relatively unknown pathogen called Chlamydia pneumoniae may cause MS. Also, some viruses can cause myelin damage, there are other viruses that have been shown to make people more likely to get MS. Even though scientists and doctors have theories, no one has found one cause that explains every case of the disease.

Symptoms
Symptoms

Quite a few forms of MS exist, which can create difficulty in deciding how to manage the illness. The disease damages myelin. Sometimes, the body can do limited repairs to myelin. When this happens, symptoms (the problems caused by the disease) go away for a short time. This is called remission.  When the body attacks the myelin again, the symptoms return and this is called relapse. The type of MS that has remissions and relapses is called Remitting-Relapsing MS. In less common cases, the body continues attacking myelin and the symptoms get worse rapidly, a form called "Primary Progressive MS". Sometimes a combination of the two types of disease can occur simultaneously.
People with MS have many problems. Their muscles are usually weak, they may shake uncontrollably, they have trouble moving, and they have trouble balancing. People with MS often feel a great amount of pain and tire easily. Their speech and sight sometimes become very poor. Thinking and solving problems is more difficult for people with MS than for healthy people.

Inside the body, MS causes damage that cannot be seen or measured without special medical equipment. The immune system attacks either the fatty parts of the myelin or the protein parts of the myelin.  The body may also attack the cells that produce the myelin sheath, called glial cells. When myelin is damaged or missing, large areas of axons affected by the damage are visible as scars or lesions in the central nervous system tissue that build up with repeated repair attempts by the body over time. Lesions appear in different areas of the central nervous system depending on what form of MS a person has.
Inflammation is an important part of MS symptoms. Inflammation occurs whenever an injury or illness is detected by the body. It is the first part of an immune system response. In MS patients, inflammation against myelin causes swelling and other harmful effects in the nervous system. Inflammation can happen due to infection by Chlamydia Pneumoniae.

People with MS
The people who get MS are usually between 20 and 40 years old, although it can happen to older or, very rarely, younger people too. MS is significantly more common in areas of the world that are far away from the equator.  Areas far from the equator get less sunlight than areas near the equator, and the human body requires sunlight to make vitamin D for itself. This observation supports the idea that MS is caused partly by too little vitamin D. People who move from one part of the world to another when they are children are more likely to develop MS than people who do not move long distances until later in life or who never move long distances.
Diagnosis
To diagnose MS, or to tell if a person has it, a doctor will determine what kind of symptoms are present and how often they occur. The most common guidelines used for this are called the McDonald criteria, which define the symptoms of MS and how often they must occur in order to make a diagnosis. A doctor can also order tests to be done by a laboratory, which can determine how active the immune system is in the patient. A special machine called an MRI can photograph the inside of the central nervous system to show if the person has lesions from damaged myelin. Certain types of neurons can be checked to see how responsive they are. Neurons with damaged myelin around their axons will respond more slowly than normal neurons.
Treatment
Once a person is diagnosed with MS, a doctor can help ease the symptoms. Scientists have not yet found a way to cure MS, or take it away entirely. The form of MS that comes and goes regularly can be treated more easily than other forms. Some treatments are used only during attacks to make the attacks easier on the patient or to help recovery after the attacks are over.  Other treatments are used all the time to help make attacks happen less often. These kinds of treatments are usually injections or infusions directly into veins, but newer treatments can be taken daily by mouth instead. Some people seek other treatments outside of usual medicine, but these have not been shown in scientific studies to be effective.

References

Other websites 
 Multiple sclerosis -Citizendium

Diseases and disorders of the nervous system‎
Adabel Guerrero is an Argentine professional theatre dancer, actress and vedette. She is of Ukrainian and Spaniard descent.

Guerrero was in Dancing with the Stars in Argentina competing together with professional dancer Martin Whitecamp. They were eliminated by 41.28% of the public vote.

Theatre

Others 
 In 2008 Guerrero modeled for Maxim in Argentina for the March cover.

 In 2008 Guerrero modeled for Maxim in Argentina for the July cover.

 In 2009 Guerrero modeled for Maxim in Argentina for the January cover.

 In 2010 Guerrero modeled for Playboy in Argentina for the cover of March.

 In November 3, 2011 Guerrero taped a video with the band Banda XXI of her dancing & singing to their song "Bam Bam".

 In November 2011 Guerrero created a portfolio of her named "Dulce Rock". Photos taken by Aníbal Pérez and clothing by Marta Trobbiani and Gisela Sabino.

Inspirations
When asked about her inspiration on dancing Guerrero responded:
"Julio Bocca, Maximiliano Guerra, Hernán Piquín ... They are the highest in Argentina, each with their own style. Maxi, more manly, more land, and Julio and Piquín more princely, more aerial. There is no first or second, they are different from each other.They have broken their souls to get where they are now."

Guerrero also says that dance it self is her inspiration:
 
"To me, dancing transports me, its an absolute passion. Dancing is the best,its orgasmic."

References

Other websites 
 Official web site

1978 births
Living people
Argentine actors
Argentine models
Argentine dancers
Sir Walter Raleigh (c. 1554–29 October 1618) was an English aristocrat, writer, poet, soldier, spy, and explorer. He helped make tobacco popular in England, especially among people in the royal court.

Raleigh was born to a Protestant family in East Budleigh, in Devon, the son of Walter Raleigh and Catherine Champernowne. Walter Raleigh was married to a woman called Elizabeth Throckmorten. He had 3 sons named Damerei Raleigh, Walter Raleigh and Carew Raleigh.
In 1594, Raleigh heard of a "City of Gold" in South America and sailed to find it, writing an exaggerated story of his trip in a book. He explored North Carolina all the way down to Florida. This book made people believe in the legend of "El Dorado". After Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, Raleigh was put in prison because he was accused of trying to overthrow King James I, who did not like Raleigh. In 1616, he was released to go look for El Dorado again. This was unsuccessful, and Raleigh's men attacked a Spanish outpost. He returned to England. The Spanish were upset, so to calm them, England arrested Raleigh and executed him by beheading (decapitation) on 29 October 1618.

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 
 
 

1550s births
1618 deaths
English writers
English explorers
The rings of Uranus are planetary rings (circles of rock and dust) around the planet Uranus. There are 11 rings in total. In order of increasing distance from Uranus, they are: 1986U2R/ζ, 6, 5, 4, α, β, η, γ, δ, λ, ε, ν and μ.

Nine rings were found on 10 March 1977 by James L. Elliot, Edward W. Dunham and Douglas J. Mink. Scientists found two more rings in 1986 in images from the Voyager 2 spacecraft and two outer rings in 2003–2005 in images from the Hubble Space Telescope.

Most of the rings are only a few kilometres wide and are very dark. Most rings are made of rocks 0.2–20 meters wide. But some rings are made of very small dust particles. The closest ring is 38,000 km away from the center of Uranus and the furthest ring is 98,000 km away.

Scientists think that the rings are at not more than 600 million years old. The ring system was created when several moons crashed together. After crashing, the moons broke up into many pieces and made rings.People may discover more rings.

Uranus
An R rating is a rating given to multimedia. It usually means that people under the age of 17 require an accompanying parent or adult guardian in order to watch it. The rating means different things in different countries:
 R rating, a rating of the Canadian Home Video Rating System
 R rating, a rating of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system
 R rating, a rating of the Office of Film and Literature Classification in Australia
 R18 certificate, a rating by the British Board of Film Classification usually for pornography
Excision (real name: Jeff Abel) (born 1986 in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada) is a dubstep DJ and music boss. His signature sound takes influence from the morphing basslines of the drum and bass genre, the aggressive energy of heavy metal, and the laid back vibes of hip hop. Excision is also cited as being one of the first dubstep producers and DJs in North America, he has also played a significant role in the genre's growth in popularity. His first release was in 2007. Excision was asked by Pendulum to remix their 2009 single “Showdown.” His musical recordings from the Shambhala Music Festival in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 have also received over a million downloads which are available for free. He is known to work frequently with fellow Canadian producers Datsik and Downlink.

References

Other websites
Excision's Official website

1986 births
Living people
DJs
Canadian electronic musicians
People from Kelowna
Populus is a genus of trees common in the northern hemisphere. They are often called just poplars. The genus has 25–35 species in three sub-groups, which are called poplars, aspens, and cottonwoods.

In the September 2006 issue of Science, it was announced that the Western Balsam Poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code sequenced.

Reproduction 
The flowers are mostly dioecious (rarely monoecious) and appear in early spring before the leaves. They are borne in long, drooping catkins. The male flowers have a group of 4–60 stamens on a disk. The female flower is a single-celled ovary in a cup-shaped disk.

Pollination is by wind. The fruit is a two to four-valved capsule, green to reddish-brown, mature in mid summer. It contains tiny light brown seeds surrounded by tufts of long, soft, white hairs which help wind dispersal.

Ecology
Poplars of the cottonwood section are often wetlands or riparian trees. The aspens are among the most important boreal broadleaf trees.
Poplars and aspens are important food plants for the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species.  Pleurotus populinus, the aspen oyster mushroom, is found exclusively on dead wood of Populus trees in North America.

References 

Trees
Malpighiales
Equilibrium constant is a mathematical quantity which expresses the relationship between products and reactants of a reaction at equilibrium with respect to a specific unit. In other words, equilibrium constant is the reaction quotient of a chemical reaction at chemical equilibrium. The equilibrium constant can help us to understand whether the reaction tends to have a higher concentration of products or reactants at equilibrium. We can also use to Equilibrium constant determine if the reaction is already at equilibrium.

There are several different types of equilibrium constants that provide relationships between the products and the reactants of a chemical reaction at chemical equilibrium in terms of different units. Dissociation constants can be used as an example.

Equilibrium constant of a reaction
For a general chemical equilibrium

the equilibrium constant can be defined by
where {A} is the activity of the chemical species A, etc. (activity is a dimensionless quantity). It is conventional to put the activities of the products in the numerator and those of the reactants in the denominator.

For equilibria in solution, activity is the product of concentration and activity coefficient. Most chemists determine equilibrium constants in a solution with a high ionic strength. In high strength solutions, the quotient of activity coefficients changes very little. So, the equilibrium constant is defined as a concentration quotient:

However, the value of Kc will depend on the ionic strength. (The square brackets mean the concentration of A, B and so on.)
This is a simple idea.  In an equilibrium, atoms can combine or break apart because the reaction can work in both directions.  For the reaction to work, all of the parts must be present to combine.  This is more likely to happen if the reactants have a higher concentration.  So, the concentrations of all the necessary pieces are multiplied together to get the probability that they will be in the same place for the reaction.  (If the reaction requires two molecules of a particular compound, then the concentration of that compound is squared.)  Going the other way, all of the concentrations of those necessary pieces are multiplied together to get the probability that they will be in the same place to react in the opposite direction.  The ratio between those two numbers represents how popular each side of the reaction will be when equilibrium is reached. An equilibrium constant of 1 means that both sides are equally popular. Chemists perform experiments to measure the equilibrium constant of various reactions.
There is a relation between Gibbs free energy () and Equilibrium constant which is,
 
 

Here,  is the universal gas constant and  is the temperature.

Relation between  and 

From ideal gas law, we know that,

Or,

So, concentration (as, concentration ),

Here,  is pressure,  is volume,  is the number of moles of gas,  is the universal gas constant and  is the temperature.
So, 

Or, 

Here,  is the partial pressure of .

If, 

 

Then,

Here,  is the equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure.

In this same process, 

For the reaction above,

So, the relation between  and  is,

Here,  the number of moles of gas on the product side minus the number of moles of gas on the reactant side in the balanced reaction

Other websites 
 Science Aid: Equilibrium Constants Explanation of Kc and Kp for High School level
 Derivation intuition

References 

Physical chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Notable projects
Radio City Music Hall and the Center Theater, in Rockefeller Center, New York City, (He was senior designer working for the Rockefeller Center Associated Architects with Donald Deskey and Eugene Schoen, interior designers, 1932)
Richard H. Mandel House, Bedford Hills, New York (with Donald Deskey, interior designer, 1933)
Mepkin Plantation for Mr. and Mrs. Henry R. Luce, (now known as Mepkin Abbey), Monck's Corner, South Carolina (1936)
Museum of Modern Art, New York City, (with Philip S. Goodwin, 1937)
A. Conger Goodyear House, Old Westbury, New York (1938)
Ingersoll Steel, Utility Unit House, Kalamazoo, Michigan (1946)
El Panama Hotel, Panama City, Panama (1946)
Fine Arts Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas (1948)
United States Embassy, New Delhi, India (1954)
Phoenicia Hotel, Beirut, Lebanon (1954, changed in 1997)
Stanford Medical Center, Palo Alto, California (1955)
Bruno & Josephine Graf Residence, Dallas, Texas (1956)
Main Library and Mitchell Park Branch Library, Palo Alto, California (1956) The Mitchell Park Branch was torn down (demolished) in 2010.
Edward Durell Stone Townhouse, 130 East 64th Street, New York City (1956)
Stuart Pharmaceutical Co., Pasadena, California (1956, partially demolished)
U.S. Pavilion at the Expo 58, Brussels, Belgium (1957, partially demolished)
First Unitarian Society Church, Schenectady, New York (1958)
Gallery of Modern Art, including the Huntington Hartford Collection (now known as Museum of Arts & Design), New York City (1958. The building was changed a lot in 2006)
International Trade Mart (now known as World Trade Center of New Orleans), New Orleans, Louisiana (1959)
Robert M. Hughes Memorial Library, Norfolk, Virginia (1959)
Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California (1959)
North Carolina State Legislative Building, Raleigh, North Carolina (1960)
Beckman Auditorium, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California (1960)
National Geographic Society Building, Washington, D.C. (1961)
Ponce Museum of Art, Ponce, Puerto Rico (1961)
Windham College (now known as Landmark College), Putney, Vermont (1961)
State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York (1962)
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Washington, D.C. (1962)
Prince George's Center (now known as University Town Center), Hyattsville, Maryland (1962)
Busch Memorial Stadium, St. Louis, Missouri (1962, demolished 2005)
WAPDA House {Water and Power Development Authority}, Lahore, Pakistan (1962)
Stuhr Museum of the Prairie Pioneer, Grand Island, Nebraska (1963)
Claremont School of Theology, Claremont, California (1963)
Davenport Public Library, Davenport, Iowa(1964)
General Motors Building, New York City (1964)
Von KleinSmid Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (c. 1965)
Garden State Arts Center (now known as PNC Bank Arts Center), Holmdel, New Jersey (1965)
Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, (1965)
Georgetown University Law Center Bernard P. McDonough Hall, Washington, D.C. (1966)
W.E.B. DuBois Library, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts (1966)
Fort Worth City Hall, Fort Worth, Texas (1967)
PepsiCo World Headquarters Complex, Purchase, New York (1967)
Jefferson County Civic Center, Pine Bluff, Arkansas (1968)
Worcester Science Museum (now known as the EcoTarium), Worcester, Massachusetts, (1964, changed in 1998)
Standard Oil Building (now known as Aon Center), Chicago, Illinois (1972)
Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, California (1974)
First Bank Building (now known as First Canadian Place), Toronto, Ontario (1975)
Babin Kuk Resort, Dubrovnik, Croatia (1976)
Valamar Dubrovnik President Hotel, Dubrovnik, Croatia (by Edward Durell Stone Associates, 1976)
Florida State Capitol, Tallahassee, Florida (1977)
University of Alabama School of Law, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (1977)
Museum of Anthropology, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico (by Edward Durell Stone Associates, 1986)
Gallery

Awards and recognitions

Honorary degrees
Doctor of Fine Arts, University of Arkansas, 1951
Doctor of Fine Arts, Colby College, 1959
Master of Fine Arts, Otis Art Institute of Los Angeles County, 1961
Doctor of Fine Arts, Hamilton College, 1962
Doctor of Humane Letters, University of South Carolina, 1964

Memberships and honors
Medal of Honor, New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, 1955
American Institute of Architects, Fellow, 1958
National Institute of Arts & Letters, Member, 1958
National Urban League, Trustee, 1958
American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Fellow, 1960
American Federation of Arts, Trustee, 1960
Royal Society of Arts, Fellow, 1960
National Institute of Social Sciences, Gold Medal, 1961
Building Stone Institute, Architect of the Year, 1964
Horatio Alger Award, 1971
Commendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana [Commander, Order of Merit of the Italian Republic], 1971
Architectural awards
Silver Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1937 - Guest House for Henry R. Luce, Mepkin Plantation, Moncks Corner, South Carolina
Silver Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1950 - A. Conger Goodyear Residence, Old Westbury, New York
Gold Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1950 - Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York (Philip Goodwin, Associate)
Gold Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1950 - El Panama Hotel, Panama City, Panama
Honorable Mention, Architectural League of New York, 1952 - University of Arkansas Fine Arts Center, Fayetteville, Arkansas
Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1952 - University of Arkansas Medical Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
First Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1958 - Stuart Pharmaceutical Co., Pasadena, California
Award of Merit, American Institute of Architects, 1958 - U.S. Pavilion, Brussels, Belgium
First Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1961 - U.S. Embassy, New Delhi, India
Award of Merit, American Institute of Architects, 1963 - Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel, California
First Honor Award, American Institute of Architects and American Library Association,  1963 - University of South Carolina Undergraduate Library, Columbia, South Carolina
Honor Award, American Institute of Architects, 1967 - Ponce Museum of Art, Ponce, Puerto Rico
Related pages
Rockefeller Center
Rockefeller family
Museum of Modern Art
References
Bibliography
 Everett, Derek R.  "Modern Statehouses for Modern States: Edward Durell Stone's Capitol Architecture in North Carolina and Florida." Southern Historian, Vol. 28 (Spring 2007): pp. 74–91.
 Head, Jeffrey. "Unearthing Stone." Metropolis magazine, Urban Journal, January 2008.
 Hunting, Mary Anne. "Edward Durell Stone, Perception and Criticism." PhD diss., Graduate Center, City University of New York, 2007.
 Hunting, Mary Anne. "From Craft to Industry: Furniture Designed by Edward Durell Stone for Senator Fulbright." The Magazine Antiques, Vol. 165, No. 5 (May 2004): pp. 110–121.
 Hunting, Mary Anne. "Living with Antiques: The Richard H. Mandel House in Bedford Hills, New York." The Magazine Antiques, Vol. 160, No. 1 (July 2001): pp. 72–83.
 Ricciotti, Dominic.  "Edward Durell Stone and the International Style in America: Houses of the 1930s." American Art Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3 (Summer 1988): pp. 48–73.
Ricciotti, Dominic. “The 1939 Building of the Museum of Modern Art: The Goodwin-Stone Collaboration.” American Art Journal, Vol. 17, No. 3 (Summer 1985): pp. 51–76.
 Stone, Edward Durell. Edward Durell Stone: Recent and Future Architecture. New York: Horizon Press, 1967.
 Stone, Edward Durell. The Evolution of An Architect. New York: Horizon Press, 1962.
 Williams, John G. The Curious and the Beautiful. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1984.
Notes

1902 births
1978 deaths
Harvard University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
American architects
Businesspeople from Arkansas
People from Fayetteville, Arkansas
Bashar al-Assad (born 11 September 1965) is the president of Syria and the head of the Ba'ath Party in Syria. Assad has held these positions since the death of his father Hafez al-Assad (1930-2000), who had ruled Syria since 1971.

Bashar al-Assad was elected in 2000, and re-elected in 2007. He was unopposed each time because no-one else was allowed to stand against him.

Early life
Assad was born on 11 September 1965 in Damascus, Syria to Hafez al-Assad and Anisa Makhlouf. He had two brothers, Bassel al-Assad and Shabbih Maher al-Assad, and one sister, Bushra al-Assad. Bashar was quiet and reserved and was not interested in politics or the military.

Education
Assad studied medicine at the University of Damascus and graduated in 1988. He then studied ophthalmology at a military hospital, and in 1992 studied at the Western Eye Hospital in London.

His father wanted Assad's elder brother Bassel to succeed him as leader of Syria. Bassel died in a car accident in 1994, and Assad returned home to Syria.
Early career
He went to a military academy at Homs, and became a colonel after only five years. He worked as an adviser to his father.

Presidency
When Bashar's father died, the government changed the constitution. Under Syrian law the president had to be at least 40 years old. With the law changed, Assad was able to be elected President of Syria in June 2000. He was also made commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and leader of the Ba'ath Party which has ruled Syria since 1961.

Syrian Civil War 

Large protests began in January 2011. The protesters wanted political reforms, an end to the state of emergency (which had been in place since 1963), and the return of civil rights. The protests in March were the largest to take place, and the government used violence against the protestors.

The United States placed sanctions against the al-Assad government in April 2011. Canada and the European Union also placed sanctions against the government in May 2011.
In June 2011, al-Assad promised reform, a new parliarmentary election, and more freedoms. He also urged refugees to return to Syria.

In January 2012, Reuters claimed that over 5,000 civilians and protesters (including militants) had been killed by the Syrian army, security agents and militia, while 1,100 people had been killed by terrorists.

In January 2012, Assad gave a speech in which he claimed that the uprising was being engineered by foreign countries. He said that a new referendum could be held in March.

The referendum was held in February 2012. The referendum would change the term limits of future Syrian presidents. It passed with 90% support. The U.S. and Turkey did not accept the results. The European Union pushed new sanctions on the government.

In June 2012, the ICRC announced that Syria was in a civil war. The national death toll on both sides reached 20,000.
In 2014 and 2015, he began to lose some support from the Alawite community. This was because an unequal number of soldiers killed in the conflict were Alawites.

In September 2015, Russia got involved in the Syrian Civil War. President of Russia Vladimir Putin said that Russia's goal in Syria is to "stabilis[e] the legitimate power in Syria and creat[e] the conditions for political compromise." In November 2015, Assad said that the two months of Russian intervention had accomplished more than the U.S.-led coalition had done in a year.

In December 2016, government forces recovered most of Aleppo from rebel forces.
After the election of Donald Trump, the U.S. no longer wished to remove Assad from power. That changed after the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack. Donald Trump ordered missile strikes to hit a Syrian airbase. Assad responded by saying that the United States's behaviour was an "unjust and arrogant aggression." He also said that the Syrian army had given up all its chemical weapons in 2013. He claimed that the chemical attack was a lie and was used to justify a U.S. airstrike.

As of March 2018, between 350,000 and 511,000 people have been killed in the civil war.

Personal life
Assad is married to Asma al-Akhras. Together, they have three children; Hafez, Jr., Zein, and Karim al-Assad.

Influenced by his western education and urban upbringing, Bashar initially seemed eager to implement a cultural revolution in Syria.

Related pages
List of scientists from the Middle East

References

Other websites
Other websites

Official website 
Biography , decrees , speeches , interviews , press releases 
Profile  at the LookLex Encyclopedia
Unofficial website 
Unofficial website
Articles

Syria’s Proxy Forces in Iraq, Al-Hayat (London), 12 April 2003 at Middle East Intelligence Bulletin
Profile: Syria's Bashar al-Assad BBC News, 10 March 2005
Bashar al-Assad's Lebanon Gamble, William Harris, Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2005
Assad on the Brink , David Hirst, The Nation, 21 November 2005
Syria's Leaders , Esther Pan, Council on Foreign Relations, 10 March 2006
Connecting the dots in Lebanon , Omar Raad, Ya Libnan Volunteer, 2 December 2006
The Assad Dynasty in Syria: From Father to Son, Kristin Helberg, Deutsche Welle, 2009 at qantara.de
Interview With Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, The Wall Street Journal, 31 January 2011
Profile: Bashar al-Assad, Al Jazeera English, 25 March 2011
1965 births
Living people
Current national leaders
Dictators
People from Damascus
Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List
Presidents of Syria
Syrian military people
France currently has five overseas departments (), which are departments (territorial divisions) that are outside the European part of the country. All are officially part of France, with the same political status as the departments in Europe; and are therefore different to overseas territories. They are also part of the European Union and use the Euro as currency. They are:

Since 2003, these departments are now officially called overseas regions (), but this name has yet to be widely adopted. Each region returns elected representatives to the Senate and National Assembly in Paris. A total of three members are elected to the European Parliament to represent overseas France, including overseas departments and overseas territories. Since 1974, these regions have had their own individual regional councils for local government.

References

Other websites 

  Ministry of the overseas departments and territories
  History of France’s overseas administrative divisions
Amy Meredith Poehler (; born September 16, 1971) is an American actress, comedian, director, producer and writer. She was a cast member of the television program Saturday Night Live between 2001 and 2008.

Early life
Poehler was born in Newton, Massachusetts. Her parents are high school teachers Eileen Frances (née Milmore) and William Grinstead Poehler. She grew up in nearby Burlington. Her father is of German, Irish, Portuguese, and English ancestry. Her mother is of Irish ancestry. Poehler was raised in the Catholic faith. She graduated from Burlington High School in 1989. She studied at Boston College and at The Second City.

Marriage and family
Poehler has been married to Will Arnett since 2003. They have two children. In September 2012, Poehler and Arnett separated. The divorce was finalized in 2016.

Filmography

Movies

Television

Awards and nominations

References

Other websites
Other websites

 in 2009
 Amy Poehler named one of Men's Vogue's 2008 Visionaries 
 TODAY talent are on People magazine annual list of 100, led by Applegate 
 Amy Poehler at Emmys.com

1971 births
American feminists
Living people
Comedians from Boston
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Boston
People from Newton, Massachusetts
Pope Gregory XI (; 1331 –27 March 1378), born Pierre Roger de Beaufort, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 202nd Pope from 1370 until his death.

He was the seventh and last of the popes who lived in Avignon in France.

Early life 
Pierre Roger de Beaufort was born in 1331 in Limousin in France. The Rosier or Roger family were important in Limousin in central France.

Beaufort was a nephew of Pope Clement VI.

Cardinal
Clement VI raised Beaufort to the rank of cardinal in 1348.

Pope 
Cardinal Beaufort was elected pope in 1370; and he chose to be called Gergory XI.  He was ordained as a priest on January 4, 1371; and was crowned pope on the following day, January 5, 13271 

In 1377, Gregory XI was persuaded by Catherine of Siena to return to Rome.  He reestablished the papacy in Italy.

Gregory is also remembered as the Pope who condemned John Wycliffe.
Western Schism
When Gregory died on March 27, 1378, the cardinals in Rome elected an Italian-born pope named Urban VI as his successor.  

In Avignon, the cardinals elected a French-born pope who they named Clement VII.

The Western Schism begins with the dispute between the supporters of the Italian-born pope and the French-born pope.

Related pages 
 List of popes
 List of popes from the Roger family
 Avignon Papacy

References

Other websites 

 
   "Gregory XI", Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911
  Catholic Hierarchy,  Pope Gregory XI
  Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church,  Cardinal Roger de Beaufort

French popes
1331 births
1378 deaths
Mario Fortino Alfonso Moreno Reyes (12 August 1911 – 20 April 1993), known by the stage name Cantinflas (), was a Mexican comedian and stage and movie actor. He often played poor peasants. He became associated with Mexico, and had a long, successful movie career, including some time in Hollywood. Charlie Chaplin once said that Moreno  was the best comedian alive, and Moreno has been called the "Charlie Chaplin of Mexico". To audiences in the United States, he is best remembered as costarring with David Niven in Around the World in 80 Days (1956).

Moreno also was involved in Mexico's labor politics, which were often dangerous. Although he was a political conservative, his reputation as somebody who spoke for the poor made him seem real, and became important in the early struggle against charrismo, the one-party government's practice of taking over unions.

Actors from Mexico City
Mexican stage actors
Mexican television actors
1911 births
1993 deaths
Carbon diet is the process of reducing the production of greenhouse gas, primarily carbon dioxide, to reduce effects on climate change and global warming.

Carbon dioxide is produced from heating, driving and consuming products.

The production of carbon dioxide can be reduced by decreasing the intake of carbon, and eventually reduces the effects of climate change.

According to Deborah Jones, her family undergoes carbon diet. They are already in week two of the Globe and Mail assignment. The purpose of this assignment is to see how her family can reduces the emissions of greenhouse gas to reach the provincial goal of 33 percent reduction. It is different from a low carbon diet which is done by choosing what to eat to reduce greenhouse gas discharge.
Etymology 
Carbon is from Latin word carbo "coal" is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. There are three naturally occurring isotopes, with 12C and 13C being stable, while 14C is radioactive, decaying with a half-life of about 5,730 years.

The term "carbon diet" is used in book Gore:A Political Life. There are steps in carbon diet:
 Calculate a carbon footprint to understand the amount of carbon dioxide emissions
 
 Measure the carbon footprint against peers (e.g., similar company size or for individuals, a national average)
 
 Determine the ideal carbon footprint
 
 Identify the source of the most significant carbon dioxide emissions [3]
 
 Reduce carbon dioxide emissions by starting with the most significant sources first
References 
 Zelnick, Robert (1999). Gore: a political life. Washington, DC: Regnery Pub.. pp. 330. ISBN 0-89526-326-2.
 Deborah Jones, "Stepping Towards Greener Pastures: Part 2 of BC family's carbon diet focuses on transportation," The Globe and Mail, March 30, 2007
 Data and studies on CO2 emissions from common goods and services are at CO2List.org

Environment
Green politics