Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
In 2019, Bayani wrote an open letter to Ayatollah Khamenei. In the letter, she was describing her extremely bad treatment by her investigators. On February 18, 2020, BBC Persia published letters that Bayani wrote from Evin Prison. In the letter, she detailed the tortures she suffered. According to a report from the BBC, she was separated for eight months and her questioners tortured and threatened her with sexual assault. Bayani said that her investigators showed her a photo of Seyed-Emami. The body of Seyed-Emami was found in his prison cell two days after his arrest. The associated officials claimed that Seyed-Emami had committed suicide.

She was sentenced in 2020 without a lawyer. It was despite her claims.
International pressure 
On March 14, 2019 the European Parliament announced that the Iranian government is violating the human rights, freedom of expression, fair trial, freedom of the press, freedom of thought and freedom of religion. In particular, the document refers to the case of Bayani and the other environmentalists in point 14. They were asking the Iranian authorities to release all the individuals. These individuals were unfairly tortured in their prisons for false charges of crimes.
The United Nation's Human Rights Council, on January 28, 2020, published a Report on the conditions of human rights in Iran. It expresses the concern of the Special Rapporteur. It was regarding the conditions of respect of the fundamental human rights. It relates to the case of the eight unlucky environmentalists, including Bayani. She is accused of "collaborating with the United States enemy state". She also been charged to refund the income received as a consultant and project adviser to United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) between 2012 and 2017. The Rapporteur invited the Iranian authorities to ensure the respect of the work. It was followed by the scientific community for the benefits of the Iranian country.
Scholars at Risk (SAR) is an international network of institutions and individuals. It promotes academic freedom and protect scholars from academic freedom threats. SAR has been actively supporting Bayani. They were sending letters to public authorities in Iran. They were running many meetings in universities. They were organising many online activities through social networks.

Iranian reactions 
Following Bayani's exposition of the sexual and psychological harassment of the investigators, the Tehran Prosecutor's Office rejected the charges. The Office was claiming that all the questioning procedures had been videotaped. They further said that the videos were linked with the issue to accusations and planned actions just before the election. It claimed that the judiciary was sensitive to the honour of defendants, convicts and prisoners.
The exposition of the behavior of the intelligence investigators to Bayani was widely reported on social media. In a statement on Twitter, the Iranian reformist political activist Mostafa Tajzadeh called for the truth in Bayani's case. He was also asking for the punishment of the violators.

References

Other websites 
 Scholars at Risk - Niloufar Bayani

Living people
Prisoners
Iranian environmentalists
1986 births
Iranian academics
Columbia University alumni
The law of truly large numbers (a statistical comment), says that with a large enough number of independent samples, any result with constant probability  is likely to be seen. We may highlight unlikely events and notice them more. 

The law is often used to falsify different pseudo-scientific claims.

References 

Statistics
Fowler's snouted tree frog (Scinax quinquefasciatus) is a frog that lives in  Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.  Human beings accidentally brought it to the Galapagos Islands.  Scientists have seen it as high as 620 meters above sea level.

The adult male frog is 27.6–38.2 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 33.9–38.9 mm long.  This frog can be different colors.  It can be light brown or dark brown with darker marks and other patterns.  Its belly is the color of cream.

This frog sometimes has a mark on its stomach that looks like five lines coming out from the same middle.  Its Latin name means "five rays."

References

Frogs of South America
Patrick Strzoda (; born 5 January 1952) is a the current chief of staff at the Élysée Palace of Emmanuel Macron. Strzoda is currently the representative of the French Co-prince of Andorra.

Politicians from Grand Est
People from Haut-Rhin
1952 births
Living people
Bennettitales (also known as cycadeoids) is an extinct order of seed plants.

They first appeared in the Permian period and became extinct in most places toward the end of the Cretaceous. Bennettitales are among the most common Mesozoic seed plants. They looked like shrubs or cycads. 

Although the leaves of the Bennettitales looked like that of cycads, they had more complex flower-like reproductive organs. So some of them were probably pollinated by insects.

Certainly Bennettitales were cone-bearing seed plants. However, their relationship to other seed plants is unclear.

References 

Plant taxonomy
Extinct plants
Gymnosperms
Fossil plants
Archaeopteris is an extinct genus of progymnosperm tree with fern-like leaves. This tree is found in strata from the Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous. 

For a while, 383 to 323 million years ago, it was the dominant tree all over the Earth. They had a world-wide distribution. On all the land areas that were habitable, they all had this tree.

Until the 2007 discovery of Wattieza, many botanists thought Archaeopteris was the earliest known tree. It has buds, reinforced branch joints, and branched trunks similar to today's wood. It is more like modern seed-bearing trees than other spore-bearing plants. It is a bit like woody trees and herbaceous ferns. These extinct plants are sometimes called the progymnosperms. They are plants with gymnosperm-like wood but which produce spores rather than seeds.

Because it bears spores. it is an ancestor of the gymnosperms.

References 

Fossil plants
Plant taxonomy
Trees
Anglophone nationalism in Cameroon is a nationalist movement in the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon, which advocates for greater autonomy for those regions, if not outright independence. Anglophone nationalism also seeks to preserve and promote English-speaking Cameroon's specific and distinctive identity and values : its legal, administrative, educational and cultural institutions inherited from British colonialism.

Rise of Anglophone nationalism in Cameroon 
On 1 September 1961, the Franco-Cameroonian parliament voted in favour of the new constitution. It was essentially the version for the Foumban conference, drafted beforehand by Ahidjo and his French advisers. To be binding under international law, it should also have been voted on by the parliament of the Southern Cameroons. This did not happen.
The French president at the time, Georges Pompidou, referred to Southern Cameroons as a small gift from the Queen of England to France. Contrary to the United Nations General Assembly's binding resolution 1514 (XV) of December 14, 1960, on the granting of independence to all colonial peoples and countries, Britain transferred Southern Cameroons to the sovereignty of a foreign country, French Cameroon, and not to the government of Southern Cameroons, as required by international law. On September 30, British administrators left Cameroon and the French government. On September 30, the British administrators left the Southern Cameroons. The next day, the French-Cameroonian army crossed the border. They disarmed the armed police in Southern Cameroons. It is described as a seizure of power by force. A Franco-Cameroonian official was appointed to the position of Governor General of Southern Cameroons. His official title was Federal Inspector of Administration
. He reported directly to the President of French Cameroon. A series of other Franco-Cameroonian officials followed, including later his police force, which literally took over Southern Cameroons.
In a memorandum dated March 20, 1985, the Anglophone lawyer and president of the Cameroonian Bar Association, Fongum Gorji Dinka, wrote that Biya's government was unconstitutional and announced that the former Southern Cameroons should become independent as the Republic of Ambazonia. Dinka was imprisoned the following January without trial and thus became a "martyr" to the separatist cause. The name Ambazonia was used to refer to the country's independence. The name Ambazonia was used in 1984 by Fon Gorji-Dinka (leader of the Ambazonia advocacy group), when the parliament and government of the Republic of Cameroon changed the name of the country from the "United Republic of Cameroon" to the "Republic of Cameroon", based on the name of the pre-reunification French-speaking Cameroon, the "République du Cameroun". For some, including Gorji-Dinka, Bernard Fonlon and Carlson Anyangwe, especially in the former British Cameroons, this meant the dissolution of the personal union of 1961
. It was in this sense that from 1984 onwards, Ambazonia was declared as an intervention by the people of Southern Cameroon to restore the statehood of the former British territory of Southern Cameroon, which Ambazonia saw not as a fait accompli of a single Cameroonian state, but as an opportunity to engage the two states in a "constitutional review" of their relations after 1984. The Gorji-Dinka group believed that "by operation of law" there should be equal participation of the two states that formed the defunct federation in a new vision of relations between their countries (the Republic of Cameroon and Southern Cameroon). In the document, called the "New Social Order", Ambazonia's proposal for the Confederation of Independent Cameroon-Ambazonia Nations (CACIN) was summarily rejected by the Republic of Cameroon
. Instead, the leader of the Ambazonia Restoration Council (ARC), Fon Gorji-Dinka, was arrested and tried for treason for demanding the continued sovereignty of "Southern Cameroonians" in the Republic of Ambazonia.
In 2005, the Republic of Ambazonia became a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO), which was renewed in 2018.13 In a 2005 ruling by the United Nations Court of Human Rights, the Republic of Ambazonia was declared a member of UNPO. In a 2005 ruling by the UN Court of Human Rights (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights), in its communication 1134/2002, the UN Court of Human Rights ruled in favor of compensating Fon Gorji-Dinka for the human rights violations committed against him and for the assurances he received regarding the enjoyment of his civil and political rights.

On August 31, 2006, the Southern Cameroons Peoples Organisation (SCAPO) formally proclaimed the independence of the Republic of Ambazonia, which includes the disputed territory of Bakassi.

Related pages 

 Anglophone Crisis
 Ambazonia

Nationalism
Dyhia Belhabib is an environmental scientist and researcher. She is specialised in illegal fishing, conservation, artisanal fishing and food security. As of now, she is a main fishery investigator for Ecotrust Canada. She is the founder of Spyglass. Her research has studied the relationship between fishing industries and the illegal drug trade. She has also found the conflict between artisanal fishing, illegal fishing, climate change and international fishing subsidies. She also stood for for the decolonization and greater equity in ocean science.

References

Other websites 

Living people
Canadian biologists
University of British Columbia alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Canadian environmentalists
Mabel Cañada Zorrilla (b.  1952) is a Spanish environmentalist. She is an antimilitarist and pacifist. She is the founder of the ecovillage of Lakabe. It is a town recovered in Navarra 40 years ago and united into the Iberian Ecovillage Network.

Life story 
Mabel Cañada was born in the Santutxu neighborhood of Bilbao in 1952. She is a daughter of Ángel, a Burgos glassmaker and Isabel, a Balmasedana. She stopped studying nursing to take care of her father. She is the second child of the five sisters and two brothers. She is a mother of 4 children. She is active in groups such as the Conscientious Objection Movement (MOC). It is the feminist movement. She is also active in groups against large infrastructures like nuclear power plants or the Itoiz reservoir in Navarra.

She was one of the founders of the community of Lakabe (Navarra) in 1980. It is an unpopulated town that was later recovered. In the place, coexistence is based on self-management, self-sufficiency, self-consumption, mutual help and team work.
Cañada has been trained in many ways to create collectivity. She is taught to express oneself in a group, to live in community, to organise structures allowing horizontal decision-making, in process facilitation, experimental education and non-violent communication. It has also been formed in other communities such as Findhorn.

Since 2004, she has been providing many changes to the processes, performances from many situations for social groups. She has accompanied them in their own processes. She has taught them the courses and workshops.

References 

Environmentalists
1952 births
Living people
People from Navarre
Vercors (born 26th February 1902 in Paris; died 10th June 1991) was a French writer. His real name was Jean Marcel Adolphe Bruller. During the Second World War he was part of the French resistance. Today, he is known for his caricatures and his book Le Silence de la mer (the silence of the sea), which he published in 1942.

1902 births
1991 deaths
French writers
Santikos Theatres (also known as Santikos Entertainment) is a Texan movie theater and entertainment center chain based in San Antonio, Texas.

Buildings and structures in Texas
San Antonio, Texas
Theatres in the United States
Wolves of the Air is a 1927 American silent action movie directed by Francis Ford and starring Johnnie Walker, Lois Boyd, Maurice Costello, Mildred Harris, Gayne Whitman, Billy Bletcher. It was distributed by Sterling Pictures.

Other websites
 

1927 movies
1920s action movies
American silent movies
American action movies
Movies directed by Francis Ford
Arizona Bound is a 1927 American western movie directed by John Waters and starring Gary Cooper, Betty Jewel, El Brendel, Jack Dougherty, Christian J. Frank, Charles Cockett. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and is a lost movie.

Other websites
 
 
 

1927 movies
1920s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies set in Utah
Children of Divorce is a 1927 American romantic drama movie directed by Josef von Sternberg and Frank Lloyd and was based on the 1927 novel of the same name by Owen Johnson. It stars Clara Bow, Esther Ralston, Gary Cooper, Norman Trevor, Hedda Hooper, Einar Hanson, Edward Martindel, Iris Stuart and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1920s American romance movies
1927 romantic drama movies
American silent movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies about divorce
Movies directed by Frank Lloyd
Movies directed by Josef von Sternberg
Paramount Pictures movies
The Negritude was a movement that occurred in the mid 20th century in Senegal. The movement was lead by Leopold Sedar Senghor, the president of Senegal at the time (1960-1980). It was a literary and political movement. Many black writers joined. Most were French-speaking

20th century in Africa
History of Senegal
Joan Carling (born 1963) is an indigenous Filipino human rights activist and environmentalist. She has protected the rights of the native and discriminated peoples for over twenty years. She has served as Secretary General of the Asia Indigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP). She was a chairperson of the Cordillera People's Alliance in the Philippines. Carling has also contributed to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. She has also contributed to the REDD+ activities. She has served as a member of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFii). In September 2018, she was given the Champions of the Earth Lifetime Achievement Award from the United Nations Environment Programme. It was in recognition of her work as an environmentalist and a defender of human rights.
Early life and career 
She was born on 30 June 1963 in Baguio City. She is the daughter of a half-Japanese, half-Kankanaey father and a Kankanaey mother. The Kankanaey people belongs to the Igorot group. They are based in the Mountain Province in the Cordillera Central mountain range. After completing high school, she studied social sciences at the University of the Philippines, College of Baguio. She has specialized in sociology. She graduated in 1986.

While still at college, in 1984 she fell extremely sad with the murder of Macli-ing Dulag. The victim had been campaigning against the Chico River Dam Project. It was in order to protect the native Kalinga people. She attended his memorial in Sadanga. For the next three years after this, she joined in efforts towards community integration. She became a human rights activist in Kalinga.
In 1989, she attended a conference on ethnocide and militarization in Mindanao. During that time, she was one of 16 delegates to be arrested. It was because they were members of the Communist New People's Army. After a number of protests, they were finally released. In 1998, she campaigned against the construction of the San Roque Dam. On returning to Baguio, she joined the Cordillera Peoples Alliance. She became the Secretary General in 1997 and Chair from 2003 to 2006.

From September 2008, she served for two periods as Secretary General of the AIPP. She was representing its 47-member organization. She has written and edited publications on human rights, climate change, forest conservation, sustainable development and indigenous women. From 2014 to 2016, she served as member of the UNPFii. In 2014, she edited Her Story of Empowerment, Leadership and Justice. It was on indigenous women in Asia. It was published by AIPP.
She took the role of the Co-convener of the Indigenous Peoples Major Group on the Sustainable Development Goals. In February 2018, she was called as a terrorist by the Filipino authorities. It was for an alleged connection with the Communist Party of the Philippines and the New People's Army.

In September 2018, she received the Champions of the Earth Lifetime Achievement Award from the United Nations Environment Programme. It was in recognition of her work as an environmentalist and a defender of human rights.

In popular culture 
Carling was one of the Filipino women importantly shown in an honour to female game changers at Irish rock band U2's 2019 Joshua Tree Tour during its Manila leg.

References

Other websites 
Joan Carling's account on Twitter

1963 births
Living people
Filipino environmentalists
Indigenous rights activists
United Nations officials
Activities
Colovic Lesoska heard about plans to create hydroelectric power facilities in Mavrovo in 2010. They included the 33m-high Boškov Most dam and the 70m-high Lukovo Pole dam. She was an executive director of Eko-svest. It was a Macedonian environmental research centre. It was in collaboration with other NGOs and activists. She launched the "Save Mavrovo" campaign. In November 2011, she complained about the ERBD. She explained that they had approved a loan for the Boškov Most project without conducting the required biodiversity assessment. She encouraged the ambassadors of countries with representatives on the EBRD board. She encouraged them to push for an end to the funding. A petition she launched was urging the government. They were urging the ERBD and the World Bank to bring the projects to a close. It was supported by almost 100,000 signatures.
In 2013, she complained to the Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. She explained that the Boškov Most hydropower project "could have a decisive negative impact on the lynx". In December 2015, the Berne Convention ordered the ERBD and the World Bank to hold on the financing as the project could have "a decisive negative impact on the lynx". The World Bank immediately remove funding. During the following month of May, a court decided to stop the environmental permit for the Boškov Most project. In January 2017, the EBRD cancelled financing.

For her achievements, in April 2019 Ana Colovic Lesoska was given the Goldman Environmental Prize. It was the first time the prize had been awarded to a North Macedonian.

References

Other websites 
Ana Colovic-Lesoska's profile on LinkedIn

1979 births
Living people
People from Skopje
Environmentalists
Biologists
Goldman Environmental Prize awardees
The Autonomous University of Barcelona (also known as UAB) is a public university of Spain created in 1968 and located in Bellaterra, Sardanyola del Vallés, Catalonia.

UAB has 105 degrees, 328 postdegrees programs and 90 PhD programs.

Incidents

2021 cyberattack 
During October 2021, UAB servers felt down during COVID-19 pandemic.

2018 death threats 
During December 2018, some students got a death threat. This is because UAB is consider to be ideologized to the left-wing, supporting Catalan independence and Pere Aragonès movement.

References
A rector of a university is the leader of the administration of the university.

References 

Presidents (organizations)
Francisco Javier Lafuente Sancho (Barcelona, 1960) is from 2020 the rector of the Autonomous University of Barcelona.

References 

People from Barcelona
1960 births
Living people
Autonomous University of Barcelona faculty
The Rector of the Autonomous University of Barcelona is the highest managing person at the Autonomous University of Barcelona.

List

References 

Autonomous University of Barcelona
The Pocao snouted tree frog (Scinax pachycrus) is a frog that lives in northeastern Brazil.

References

Frogs of South America
The Phoebus cartel was formed by Osram, General Electric, Associated Electrical Industries and Phillips among others in 1925.

The cartel lowered operational costs and worked to standardize the life expectancy of light bulbs at 1,000 hours (down from 2,500 hours)

1925 establishments
Kathryn Linn Cottingham is an ecologist, evolutionist, environmentalist and social scientist. 
She is a Professor of Ecology, Evolution, Environment and Society in the John Sloan Dickey Center for International Understanding at Dartmouth College. She is a Fellow of the Ecological Society of America and American Association for the Advancement of Science. From 2020, she serves as editor-in-chief of the journal Ecology.

Education 
Cottingham got her bachelor's degree at Drew University in 1990. Here, she studied mathematics and biology.

Sports 
She played lacrosse and field hockey. Cottingham played Lacrosse in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III Tournament during her first season. She was on the team that won the 1988 Middle Atlantic Conference championship. She was the only NCAA Division III athlete to earn one of the Disney Scholar-Athlete Awards.
University of Wisconsin–Madison 
She went to the University of Wisconsin–Madison for her graduation. She got her master's and doctoral degrees at there. Her supervisor was Steve Carpenter. She was supported by a National Collegiate Athletic Association postgraduate fellowship. Her PhD research in the Center for Limnology evaluated the effects of nutrients and the food web structure on freshwater plankton. She was one of the first groups of the postdoctoral researchers at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis. Here, she made early warning indicators. She also made many ways to study community activities.
Research and career 
Cottingham studies the activities of lake plankton communities and relationships between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. She joined the teaching staffs at Dartmouth College in 1998. She has studied the reasons that cyanobacteria bloom occur. She also studied about the results of the algal blooming in low nutrient clear-water lakes. She has studied many ways to manage the growth of these blooms and control the negative effects of them on ecosystems. Cottingham showed that cyanobacterial blooms create their own favourable environments. It is driving nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. Else, the results are low nutrient lakes. She has started work with computer scientists to use big information and artificial intelligence. It is to know about the cyanobacteria across the East Coast. The information will be collected using robotic boats, buoys and drones along with cameras.
Environmental health 
Cottingham also works on environmental health. She worked about the occurrence of arsenic in food and drinking water. Her 2012 research on pregnant women's rice consumption and arsenic exposure was selected by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) as one of the most important papers of the year. According to her studies, women who ate rice had considerably higher urinary arsenic concentrations than those who did not eat rice. She went on to show that white wine, beer, Brussels sprouts and salmon increased arsenic levels in humans.

Academic services 
From 2017 to 2019 Cottingham was a National Science Foundation Program Director in the Division of Environmental Biology. She returned to Dartmouth College in 2019. Cottingham is involved with several public engagement projects. It includes acting as Vice Chair of the Science Advisory Boards of the Lake Sunapee Protective Association and Jefferson Project at Lake George.
Awards and Honours 
 2015 Elected Fellow of the Ecological Society of America
 2019 Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science

Selected publications 

 

Cottingham is the Editor-in-Chief of Ecology.

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American ecologists
American environmentalists
American biologists
Drew University alumni
Dartmouth College faculty
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
American editors
Faiza Darkhani (born c. 1992) is an Afghan environmentalist, women's rights activist and educator. In the year 2021, she was a part of the 100 Women BBC list. It includes the most inspiring and influential women in the world. Darkhani is one of the few scholars of climate change in Afghanistan. Formerly, she was the director of the National Environmental Protection Agency in Badakhshan province.

She studied in the Badakhshan University. Later, she studied at University of Putra Malaysia (also known as Universiti Putra Malaysia). She graduated with a master of science degree in landscape architecture. Her research focuses on the sustainable management of urban landscapes. She also researched on the relationship between urban agriculture and food security.

References

Other websites 

Living people
BBC 100 Women
Afghan activists
Environmentalists
Badakhshan Province
Martha Delgado Peralta (born April 26, 1969) is a Mexican environmentalist and civil servant. Since December 1, 2018, she has served as Undersecretary for Multilateral Affairs and Human Rights of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Education 
Martha Delgado has a degree in Pedagogy from the Intercontinental University. She graduated from the Program for Advanced Studies in Sustainable Development and the Environment LEAD from El Colegio de México. She has a certificate in Environmental Policy and International Development from Harvard University. She is currently doing graduation.
Martha Delgado has carried out uninterrupted work in the environmental sector. It was both in the Federal Public Administration (1991 to 1998). It was directing civil society organizations. It was dedicated to the environment (1998 to 2003) and was an Independent Deputy in the III Legislature of the Assembly Legislative of the Federal District (2003 to 2006). From 1993 to 1998, she served as advisor to the Presidency of the National Institute of Ecology. She was in charge of the process of decentralization of environmental management. Later, she participated in the social management of new decrees of Natural Protected Areas. During her working, an important stage of environmental management at the subnational level was founded. A legal protection of important ecosystems was also founded in Mexico. Some of the orders in which she participated were the Huatulco National Park and the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve. Between 1998 and 2003, she chaired the organizations Presencia Ciudadana Mexicana AC
. It is one of the main associations for citizen participation and electoral observation in Mexico. It is the Union of Environmental Groups IAP. It brings together a hundred environmental organizations from all over the country. In Citizen Presence, she organized the deployment of 1,500 electoral observers. It was achieving the most accurate independent quick count in the 2000 Presidential election. She was leading the Union of Environmental Groups. She was able to stop the construction of the largest salt mine in the world in Baja California, in the Laguna de San Ignacio. It was the birthplace of gray whales, a threatened and endangered species. She was an Independent Deputy from 2003 to 2006 in the III Legislature of the Legislative Assembly of the Federal District. It is a position she has under the extinct Mexico Possible party. As an Independent Deputy, she created and chaired the Special Commission for Integrated Water Management
. She presided over the Secretariat of the Environment of the Federal District from 2006 to 2012.
References 

1969 births
Living people
Environmentalists
Civil servants
Nike Doggart is a British environmental activist, conservationist and writer.

Education and Career 
Doggart has completed her MA and MSc degrees in education. She studied at Christ Church, Oxford and at University College, London. She began her career as a marine conservationist in Belize. Her research work is mainly based in the forests of Tanzania. Her works have discovered many new species. New species include a frog from the Eastern Arc Mountains. The species is named after her as Arthroleptis nikeae.

Works
Doggart is an advisor to the Tanzania Forest Conservation Group. She has successfully made the Tanzanian government to protect water and forestry resources. She made the government to promote environmentally sustainable forms of economic development. One of her most successful programs is the introduction of sustainable butterfly farming. It was for women living near the Amani Nature Reserve.
Doggart was a presenter and advisor on the BBC's Villages on the Front Line. It was broadcasted in the year 2006. She is the Editor of The Arc Journal.

References

Other website 
 Nike Doggart profile on Research Gate

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
British environmentalists
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Alumni of University College London
British writers
British editors
Armenians in Turkey (; , romanized: Hayery T’urk’iayum; "Turkish Armenians"), are ethnic Armenians living Turkey and one of the indigenous peoples of Turkey. They have an estimated population of 50,000 to 70,000, down from a population of over 2 million Armenians between the years 1914 and 1921. Until the Armenian genocide of 1915, most of the Armenian population of Turkey lived in the eastern parts of the country that Armenians call Western Armenia. Today, the overwhelming majority of Turkish Armenians are concentrated in Istanbul. They support their own newspapers, churches and schools, and the majority belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church and a minority of Armenians in Turkey belong to the Armenian Catholic Church or to the Armenian Evangelical Church.

Geographical distribution

Istanbul
Istanbul 

Of the 60,000 Christian Armenians living in Turkey, 45,000 live in Istanbul. Today, in the Kumkapı quarter in Fatih, Istanbul, the various churches Armenian, Greek Orthodox and Syriac as well as the Armenian Patriarchate of Turkey. In some ways, the quarter has even regained its reputation as an Armenian quarter. Yet, the majority of Armenians residing in Kumkapı today are immigrants from Armenia, while of the original Armenian population, only a few individuals still call Kumkapı their home. The Armenian population in Turkey, which makes up the largest Christian community in the country, "resembles an iceberg melting in the sea" with its some 60,000 members, the newly elected Armenian Apostolic Patriarch of Istanbul has said. At present, the Armenian community in Istanbul has 20 schools (including the Getronagan Armenian High School), 17 cultural and social organizations, three newspapers (Agos, Jamanak, Marmara), two sports clubs (Şişlispor, Taksimspor).
. On the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, president of the association Serkan Sariataş said that the state should face its past history as soon as possible. In 2015, 12 crypto-Armenians from Dersim baptized in Istanbul. The districts of Mazgirt, Nazımiye and Çemişgezek had a large Armenian population during the Ottoman period. A large part of this population must have been deported out of Anatolia with the deportation order of 1915. It is likely that the remaining population migrated to Western Anatolia. Through the 20th century, an many of Armenians living in the mountainous region of Dersim had converted to Alevism. During the Armenian genocide, many of the Armenians in the region were saved by their Kurdish neighbors.
Muş 

In 2014, Armenians from Muş established an association. Daron Moush Armenians Solidarity Social Tourism Association made an official application after the formation of a board of seven members. The association, which started its activities in Muş and started accepting members, elected its president next week. Speaking at the foundation ceremony of the Daron Muş Armenians Solidarity, Social and Tourism Association, board member Armen Galustyan said, "Regardless of religion, Armenianism is a race, a nation, just like the Turks, Kurds and Arabs. Armenianhood is not an enmity."

Hatay 

Vakıflı, located in the Samandağ district of Hatay province of Turkey, is the only Armenian village in Turkey with a population of 100 people, all of whom are Armenians. The entire village population is Armenian.
Rize 
The Hemshin people, also known as Hemshinli or Hamshenis or Homshetsi, are an numerically small group of Sunni Muslim Armenians who had been converted from Christianity in the beginning of the 18th century who are affiliated with the Hemşin and Çamlıhemşin districts in the province of Rize, Turkey. They are Armenian in origin, and were originally Christian and members of the Armenian Apostolic Church, but over the centuries evolved into a distinct ethnic group and converted to Sunni Islam after the conquest of the Ottomans of the region during the second half of the 15th century.

Batman 
Sason

An Armenian minority may still live in Sason (according to an estimate which was made in 1972, about 6,000 Armenian villagers were still living in the region).

Culture

Language
Culture

Language 

Most Armenians in Turkey speak Turkish, not Armenian, and this rate rises to 92 percent among young people. On 21 February 2009, International Mother Language Day, a new edition of the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger was released by UNESCO in which the [Western] Armenian language in Turkey was defined as a definitely endangered language, Also, Hamsheni, a branch of Western Armenian, was classified separately language. Some Muslim Hamshenis, influenced by the fact that the Homshetsi dialect of Armenian is preserved as the spoken language in their circles, accept the fact that they are of Armenian origin. However, Hamshenis in Rize have mostly forgotten their mother tongue and they speak Turkish. 

The Armenian-speaking population in Turkey according to censuses
Music 
Music culture especially developed among the Hamshenis. The first music album made by Homshetsi dialect is Vova, which consists of anonymous folk music. The national Hamsheni instruments include tulum, şimşir kaval or the Hamshna-Zurna. Komitas, Rober Hatemo, Hayko Cepkin, Yaşar Kurt, Cem Karaca (half-Armenian), Udi Hrant Kenkulian can be given as an example to many Armenians working on Turkish and Armenian music.

Cinema and acting 
In movie acting, special mention should be made of Vahi Öz who appeared in countless movies from the 1940s until the late 1960s, Sami Hazinses (real name Samuel Agop Uluçyan) who appeared in tens of Turkish movies from the 1950s until the 1990s and Nubar Terziyan who appeared in more than 400 movies. Movie actor and director Kenan Pars (real name Kirkor Cezveciyan) and theatre and film actress Irma Felekyan (aka Toto Karaca), who was mother of Cem Karaca.
Assimilation and Armenian place names 
Although the Armenian place names in Turkey are mostly changed, some names are used officially today.

It estimated that 3,600 Armenian geographical locations have been changed and changed Armenian place names make up 8.8% of place names in Turkey.

Some province, district and place names of Armenian origin

Rize 
 Ardeşen, from Armenian Ardaşén means "fieldvillage".
 Hemşin, from Armenian Hamamaşén/Hamşén means "Hamam's village". Çamlıhemşin is a combination of the Turkish word Çamlı and the Armenian word. 
Diyarbakır 
 Çermik, from Armenian Çermuk means "spa" .
Elâzığ 
 Keban, from Armenian Gaban means "passage". 
Ağrı
 Patnos, from Armenian Patnots maybe means "surrounded" or "fenced".

Muş

 Varto, it was recorded in 1554 as Varto kavar, which means "Vart's district" in Armenian. Varto is probably related to the Armenian personal name Vartan. 
 Malazgirt, from Armenian Manavazagerd/Manazgerd means "Manavaz's fortress". 

Şanlıurfa
Şanlıurfa

 Siverek, from Armenian Seraverag means "black ruins".
Tunceli 

 Pertek, from Armenian Pertag means "small castle".
 Mazgirt, from Armenian Medzgerd means "great fortress".

Malatya 

 Arguvan, from Armenian Arkavan means "king's city/village".
Province names of Armenian origin

 Erzincan, from Armenian Erizagan means "Belonging to Erez", "from Erez".
 Bayburt, from Armenian Baberd, berd means "castle", but the structure of the compound is doubtful.
Demographics 
On the eve of the World War I there were estimated between 1,500,000 and 2,000,000 Armenians in the Ottoman Empire however, according to the 1914 Ottoman census, this figure is only 1,229,007, of which 1,161,169 "Armenians" and 67,838 "Armenian Catholics". Estimates of the Armenian population in Turkey today range from 50,000 to 70,000, but these number not include secret and Islamized Armenians, with population estimates ranging from 80,000 to 300,000. In 1987, Suren Eremian on Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia says 180,000 Armenians live in Turkey with more than forcibly 1,000,000 "Muslimized" Armenians. Keith David Watenpaugh says about this:

Armenian population in Ottoman Empire according to censuses

1914 census by vilayets
Armenians were found especially in the east of the Ottoman Empire, there were significant Armenian diasporas in Western Anatolia.

1906/7 census by vilayets

Notable people 
List of Armenians born or originating in Turkey and the Ottoman Empire
The persons on the list are classified into three separate categories: 

 Christian Armenian
 Muslim Armenian 
 Hamsheni (also Muslim Armenians)

Politicians
Hagop Kazazian Pasha (1836–1891) Christian Armenian, minister of finance and privy treasury in Ottoman Empire
 Gabriel Noradunkyan (1852–1936) Christian Armenian, minister of trade and foreign affairs in Ottoman Empire 
 Armen Garo (1872–1923) Christian Armenian, activist and politician, was leading member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation for more than two decades
 Mesut Yılmaz (1947–2020) Hamsheni, politician who served in ministerial positions such as the prime minister, minister of culture and tourism, the minister of state and deputy prime minister
 Mekertich Portukalian (1848–1921) Christian Armenian, liberal politician, teacher and journalist founder of Armenakan Party
 Garo Paylan (b. 1972) Christian Armenian, politician and member of parliament  
 Murat Karayalçın (b. 1943) Hamsheni, politician who served as minister of foreign affairs, deputy prime minister, mayor of Ankara and the founder of the SHP
 Selina Özuzun Doğan (b. 1977) Christian Armenian, politician and member of parliament
Alper Taş (b. 1967)  Hamsheni, socialist politician and former leader of Left Party
 Markar Esayan (1969–2020) half Christian Armenian, politician and member of parliament
 Krikor Zohrab (1861–1915) Christian Armenian, politician, influential writer and lawyer
Diran Kelekian (1862–1915) Christian Armenian, journalist and professor
 Khachatur Malumian (1863–1915) Christian Armenian, journalist and political activist
 Bîmen Dergazaryan (1873–1943) Christian Armenian, composer and lyricist
 Komitas Vardapet (1869–1935) Christian Armenian, priest, musicologist, composer, arranger, singer and choirmaster who is considered the founder of the Armenian national school of music
 Rupen Zartarian (1874–1915) Christian Armenian, writer, educator and political activist
 Bedros Keresteciyan (1840–1909) Christian Armenian, journalist, translator, and writer of the first etymology dictionary of the Turkish language
 Daniel Varoujan (1884–1915) Christian Armenian, notable poet
 Yervant Odian (1869–1926) Christian Armenian, satirist, journalist and playwright
 Krikor Torosian (1884–1915) Christian Armenian, satirical writer, journalist and publisher
 Güllü Agop (1840–1902) Christian Armenian, actor, founder of modern Turkish theatre
Armen Dorian (1892–1915) Christian Armenian, poet, teacher and editor
 Ruben Sevak (1886–1915) Christian Armenian, poet, prose-writer and doctor
 Hagop Baronian (1843–1891) Christian Armenian, writer, playwright, journalist and educator
 Rober Hatemo (b. 1974) Christian Armenian, singer
 Özcan Alper (b. 1975) Hamsheni, director and screenwriter 
 Şahan Arzruni (b. 1943) Christian Armenian, pianist
 Zahrad (1924–2007) Christian Armenian, promient poet
 Hrant Dink (1954–2007) Christian Armenian, former editor of the weekly Agos
 Ruhi Su (1912–1985) Muslim Armenian, opera singer, folk singer and saz virtuoso
 Nubar Terziyan (1909–1994) Christian Armenian, promient actor
 Adile Naşit (1930–1987) actress, partial Christian Armenian descent
 Hayko Cepkin (b. 1978) Christian Armenian, musician
 Ara Güler (1928–2018) Christian Armenian, journalist, photojournalist and writer 
 Aydoğan Topal (b. 1982) half Hamsheni, singer
 Sami Hazinses (1925–2002) Christian Armenian, film actor, composer and lyricist
Cem Karaca (1945–2004) half Christian Armenian, rock musician
 Kamer Sadık (1911–1986) Christian Armenian, cinema actor
 Behçet Gülas (b. 1975) Hamsheni, musician and singer
 Danyal Topatan (1916–1975) Christian Armenian, theater and television actor
 Fedon (b. 1946) half Christian Armenian, singer, tavern music commentator 
 Jaklin Çarkçı (b. 1958) Christian Armenian, mezzo-soprano
 Masis Aram Gözbek (b. 1987) Christian Armenian, conductor of Bosphorus Jazz Choir
 Sevan Nişanyan (b. 1956) writer and linguist, an atheist but Christian Armenian origin
 Kenan Pars (1920–2008) Christian Armenian, promient actor
Armenian fedayis and millitary leaders 

 Hampartsoum Boyadjian (1860–1915) Christian Armenian, Hunchakian fedayi
 Arabo (1863–1893) Christian Armenian, Dashnak fedayi 
 Armenak Yekarian (1870–1926) Christian Armenian, Armenakan fedayi 
 Kevork Chavush (1870–1907) Christian Armenian, Dashnak fedayi
 Sebastatsi Murad (1874—1918) Christian Armenian, Hunchakian fedayi
 Andranik Ozanian (1865–1927) Christian Armenian, Dashnak fedayi, national hero
Other millitary

 Cihan Alptekin (1947–1972) Hamsheni, militant, revolutionary, political activist who was leader of left-wing organisations such as People's Liberation Army of Turkey and Revolutionary Youth Federation of Turkey
 Sarkis Torosyan (1891–1954) Christian Armenian, captain who awarded with a medal by Enver Pasha, however, later changed sides and joined the struggle against the Ottomans

Other
Other 

 Daron Acemoglu (b. 1967) Christian Armenian, economist, winner of the 2005 John Bates Clark Medal
 Calouste Gulbenkian (1869–1955) Christian Armenian, businessman and philanthropist who was born in Üsküdar, Istanbul

References

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Armenian people
Ethnic groups in Turkey
Donnelly regularly works for climates either outside her school or at the parliament. She makes cleanups near the sea in Dún Laoghaire and Sandycove. It was along the local South Dublin near the seas. She started an environmental group called "Flossie & the Beach Cleaners". It collects money for environmental works. It was when she was eleven years old. With that, she told people about plastic pollution and its results in the sea life. She collected €4,000 for two seabin machines into Ireland. The machines can remove up to 83,000 plastic bags or 20,000 plastic bottles from the sea in one year. On World Oceans Day 2018, she led Ireland's only March for the Ocean event in Dún Laoghaire. She spoke at a TEDx Dún Laoghaire event in October 2018. In October 2019, RTÉjr said that they would follow Donnelly's works to the Citarum River in Indonesia. It is one of the world's dirtiest 'plastic' rivers. She was related to a true story recorded movie named My Story: The Beach Cleaner
. This was one of her many works for people. She did it with school children in Ireland. It was on the works to stop plastic pollution.
References 

2007 births
Environmentalists
Climate activists
Living people
People with dyslexia
Margoth Escobar is an Ecuadorian person who works for environmental
and native people's rights.
Escobar is born in a mixed European (Spanish) and Amerindian family. She was born in Puyo, Pastaza.

Works 
Escobar was against the taking away of natural things in the Ecuadorian Amazon.

In 1975, Escobar helped people in making the "Provincial Union of Peasant Organizations of Manabi" (Unión Provincial de Organizaciones Campesinas de Manabí). It was important in the saving the village lands of many families in Manabí region.

References 

Living people
Ecuadorian environmentalists
1954 births
Indigenous rights activists
We Baby Bears is an American animated television series created by Manny Hernandez for Cartoon Network. It is a spin-off prequel of the animated series We Bare Bears, which was created by Daniel Chong. It premiered on January 1, 2022. On January 31, 2022, the series was renewed for a second season.

Premise
We Baby Bears follows Grizz, Panda, and Ice Bear as babies searching for a new home in a magical teleporting box.

Voice cast
 Connor Andrade & Luxton Handspiker (for the shorts) as Baby Grizz
 Amari McCoy & Mia SwamiNathan (in season 3 for the new voice & shorts) as Baby Panda
 Max Mitchell & Rain Janjua (for the shorts) as Baby Ice Bear
 Demetri Martin as the Narrator of Ice Bear's dad 

Celebrity guest stars include:  Anjali Bhimani, Rhys Darby,  Janeane Garofalo,  Young M.A.,  Jason Mantzoukas,  Stephen Oyoung,  Willow Smith, and Bernardo Velasco.

Episodes

References

Works cited 
 "Ep." is shortened form for episode and refers to an episode number of the We Baby Bears television series.
Other references

Other websites 

We Bare Bears
2022 American television series debuts
2020s American animated television series
American children's television series
Mery Beatriz Antonieta Godigna Collett  (b. April 8, 1959 in Caracas, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan artist, writer, humanitarian and environmental advocate. She lives in Austin, Texas.

Early life 
The Godigna Collet family from Venezuela to Europe when she was 3 years old. She spent her childhood and adolescence in Spain, France and Italy. Godigna Collet returned to Caracas to study art, design and architecture. She got a bachelor's degree in architecture in 1987 from Universidad Central de Venezuela.

In the early 1970s, she had returned to live in Madrid, Spain. She attended the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando as an unregistered student. This was because of her young age. While there, she learned that art could be used to communicate and promote causes.
Life as an Artist 
Since the start of her career, Godigna Collet tried to find a balance between people and environment. She found it through social and political issues.  Her art work uses many different types of materials. This is seen in her paintings, sculptures, photography and video. Her work challenged the viewers through the use of new techniques and lesser known materials. She is also a minimalistic conceptualist. Her use of materials and techniques  shows that concepts translate through matter.