Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Boy reached #63 on the Billboard album charts, a list of the most popular albums in the U.S., and was not on the popularity charts in the United Kingdom. The song "I Will Follow" reached #20 on a popularity chart called the Mainstream rock charts. People said that their live shows were too predictable and that Bono, the singer, used too much echo in his singing, but their playing showed that they could play very well. People also said that Bono was a "charismatic and passionate" singer, meaning that he sang very emotionally and that people could connect to him. Boy is the only U2 album that every song has been played live, including all of the b-sides (songs that are extra songs on a single). On the list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, made by the rock magazine Rolling Stone, Boy was 417th on the list.
Album cover
The boy on the cover of the album is a boy named Peter Rowen. He is the brother of Bono's friend Guggi, and he is a famous Irish photographer. He has been on other U2 album covers, including Three and War. The person who took the picture has made other U2 covers, too. In case that the band could be blamed for pedophilia, they changed the cover to a stretched picture of the four band members.

Track listing
All of the songs were written by U2, and all of the lyrics were written by Bono.

 I Will Follow - 3:36
 Twilight - 4:22
 An Cat Dubh - 6:21
 Into the Heart - 1:53
 Out of Control - 4:13
 Stories for Boys - 3:02
 The Ocean - 1:34
 A Day Without Me - 3:14
 Another Time, Another Place - 4:34
 The Electric Co. - 4:48
 Shadows and Tall Trees - 4:36
There were two singles released from this album. They were "I Will Follow" and "A Day Without Me". The album that came before "Boy" was called Three. On very early copies of Boy, there is a 30-second instrumental piece that is am early version of "Fire", which was on a later album called October.

People
 Bono - singing
 The Edge - guitar, singing
 Adam Clayton - bass
 Larry Mullen Jr. - drums

Chart positions and sales

Album

Singles

References

U2 albums
1980 albums
Debut albums
Island Records albums
Rock albums
Punk albums
An ergastic substance is a non-protoplasm material that one can find in cells. These are usually products of metabolism. 

Ergastic substances include crystals, oil drops, gums, tannins, resins and other compounds. Some of these substances help the organism function, keep up cell structure, or are just stored food material such as oil or fat.  During the life of a cell, they can appear and disappear. Ergastic substances may appear in the protoplasm, in vacuoles, or in the cell wall.

Ergastic substances are usually absent in tissue with dividing cells, such as meristem tissue in plants. Plant cells often store noxious substances in leaf cells as a kind of defence against herbivory. In animals storing noxious substances is done as defence against predation. Storing venom for use in biting or stings is common in some groups of animals.

In general, if animals need quantity of a liquid substance they produce it with special cells in a gland, and send the product to where it is needed or stored.
Cells
Tissues
Glands
Organic compounds
Adenine is one of the nucleobases or basic molecules which form DNA and RNA. They are usually called bases in genetics.

Function
In DNA, adenine sticks to thymine with two hydrogen bonds to help in making the nucleic acid structures stronger. In RNA, which is used in the cytoplasm for protein synthesis, adenine sticks to uracil.

History
Adenine was sometimes called Vitamin B4, but no longer. However, two B vitamins, niacin and riboflavin, bind with adenine to form the essential cofactors NAD and FAD respectively.

Adenine when bonded to ribose forms adenosine, part of molecules such as adenosine triphosphate.

Some think that, at the origin of life on Earth, the first adenine was formed by the polymerization (joining) of five hydrogen cyanide (HCN) molecules. This is not generally accepted.

References

Other websites
 Computational Chemistry Wiki 

Organonitrogen compounds
DNA
Year 888 (DCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events 
Odo of France becomes King of the Franks.

Deaths 
Charles the Fat dies.
Trial and error is a primitive method of solving problems. It is characterised by repeated, varied attempts which are continued until success, or until the agent stops trying. It is an unsystematic method, which does not employ insight, theory or organised methodology.

According to W.H. Thorpe, the term was devised by C. Lloyd Morgan after trying out similar phrases "trial and failure" and "trial and practice". Under Morgan's canon, animal behaviour should be explained in the simplest possible way. Where behaviour seems to imply higher mental processes, it might be explained by trial and error learning. An example is the skilful way in which his terrier Tony opened the garden gate, easily misunderstood as an insightful act by someone seeing the final behaviour. Lloyd Morgan, however, had watched and recorded the series of approximations by which the dog had gradually learned the response, and could demonstrate that no insight was required to explain it.
Edward Thorndike showed how to manage a trial and error experiment in the laboratory. In his famous experiment, a cat was placed in a series of puzzle boxes in order to study the law of effect in learning. He plotted learning curves which recorded the timing for each trial. Thorndike's key observation was that learning was promoted by positive results, which was later refined and extended by B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning.

References 

Psychology
Problem solving
Learning
Ethology
Harris Scarfe is an Australian department store. It sells items including clothing, pots and pans, cutlery. The store went bankrupt in 2001, but has since bounced back.   

In 2004, Harris Scarfe bought the Allens group of seven department and five homewares stores. They continued to trade under the Allens name in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, until 2008 when they got merged with Harris Scarfe.

Stores

Harris Scarfe has stores located in most Australian states. In New South Wales and the ACT they used to trade as Allens. They were acquired by Harris Scarfe in 2004, but continued to trade under the Allens name. In late 2008, the name of these stores was being changed from Allens to Harris Scarfe.

The main store for the company is located in Rundle Mall, Adelaide. The store is five stories tall. The main store for Tasmania is in Hobart and it is three stories tall.
Items stocked
Harris Scarfe sells items in two main groups, In Style (which includes all clothing) and At Home (all other goods, such as homewares & linen). The Adelaide store sells more goods than the other stores. Many of the Allens stores sell less goods than other stores.

References

Retail companies of Australia‎
Department stores
Flushing is a neighborhood in the Queens borough of New York City. Flushing is the largest urban center in New York. New York's second-biggest Chinatown is there.

Queens (New York City)
Neighborhoods of New York City
An atlas is a collection of maps or manifolds, traditionally bound into book form, but also found in multimedia formats.

It may show geographic features and political boundaries, but often social, religious and economic statistics as well.

History
The earliest atlases were not called by that name at the time of their publication. The first book that could be called an atlas was constructed from the calculations of Claudius Ptolemy, a geographer who worked in Alexandria circa A.D. 150.  The first edition was published in Bologna in 1477 and was illustrated with a set of 27 maps, though scholars say that it is not known whether the printed maps were engraved versions of original maps made by Ptolemy, or whether they were constructed by medieval Greek scholars from Ptolemy's text.
From about 1544, many maps were produced, especially in the important trading centers of Rome and Venice. Each publisher worked independently. They produced maps based upon their own needs.  The maps often varied dramatically in size. Over time, it became common to bind the maps together into one book.  Although the term atlas was not in use in 1544, these works are now called "IATO" atlases - (Italian, Assembled to Order) or more frequently "Lafreri atlases" after one of the leading publishers of the period.

Modern atlases
With the coming of the global market, publishers in different countries can reprint maps from plates made elsewhere. This means that the place names on the maps often use the designations or abbreviations of the language of the country in which the feature is located, to serve the widest market. For example, islands near Russia have the abbreviation "O." for "ostrov", not "I." for "island". This practise differs from what is standard for any given language.
Selected general atlases
Some cartographically or commercially important atlases include the following:

17th century and earlier
Piri Reis Map (Ottoman Empire, 1570-1612)
Theatrum Orbis Terrarum (Netherlands, 1570-1612)
Dell'Arcano del Mare (England/Italy, 1645-1661)

18th century
Cartes générales de toutes les parties du monde (France, 1658-1676)
Britannia Depicta (London, 1720)
Atlas Nouveau (Amsterdam, 1742)
Cary's New and Correct English Atlas (London, 1787)

19th century
Stielers Handatlas (Germany, 1817-1944)
Andrees Allgemeiner Handatlas (Germany, 1881-1939; in the UK as Times Atlas of the World, 1895)
Rand McNally Atlas (United States, 1881-present)

20th century
Times Atlas of the World (United Kingdom, 1895-present)
Atlante Internazionale del Touring Club Italiano (Italy, 1927-1978)
Atlas Mira (Russia, 1937-present)
Gran Atlas Aguilar (Spain, 1969/1970)
Pergamon World Atlas (1962/1968)
  National Geographic Atlas of the World (United States, 1963-present)
Historical Atlas of China (China)
See Other websites below for online modern atlases and digitized historical atlases.  The collection of digitized world atlases at DavidRumsey.com lists many significant atlases of the 18th-20th centuries.

Related pages
 Cartography
 Geography
 Google Maps
 Manifold
 Atlas Shrugged

Other websites

Sources
On the origin of the term "Atlas"
Online atlases
 Gheos Worldguide, world atlas with maps and statistical information from all countries of the world.
 Microsoft/Encarta/Expedia World atlas, world atlas, plus atlas for North America and Europe to street level.
 MapChart EarthAtlas, free online atlas with interactive maps about topics like demography, economy, health and environment.
 Multimap World atlas: on UK, US, Canada, Australia and Western Europe more detailed than the rest of the world
 world atlas by country
 Atlas of the World  A world atlas with hundreds of very detailed and elaborate maps
 AtlasPhysical of the World Online world atlas with physical maps
 National Atlas of the United States  
 Geospatial One-Stop  geodata.gov
 Geography Network 
 National Geographic MapMachine 
 Tirolatlas An online atlas of North-, South- and Eastern-Tyrol (Austria), requires SVG capabilities in the browser.
History of atlases
 Atlases, at the US Library of Congress site - a discussion of many significant atlases, with some illustrations.  Part of  Geography and Maps, an Illustrated Guide.
Historical atlases online
 Atlases at DavidRumsey.com includes many important atlases from the 18th-20th centuries, primarily from France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States.  The site also presents maps from several centuries.  About 13,600 high resolution images can be viewed and downloaded.
 Ryhiner Collection  Composite atlas with maps, plans and views from the 16th to the 18th century, covering the whole globe, with about 16,000 images in total, including title pages of atlases 
 1645 Latin edition of Blaeu's Atlas  at UCLA (partial copy)
 Historical map web sites list, Perry-Castañeda Library, University of Texas
 Charting North America, maps and atlases in the New York Public Library Digital Collection
 maphistory.info links
 A historical atlas from 1815 till today, in French
 Historical Atlas of Europe from AD 1 to 2000
  Centennia Historical Atlas
 World History Maps at KMLA
 Historical and Political Maps of the Modern Age
Other websites
 Live Maps: 2D and 3D interactive maps on live.com.
 Google Earth: a visual 3D interactive atlas.
 World Atlas 
 Atlas World:  a directory of atlases currently in print.
 NASA's World Wind software 
 One Planet, Many People  UN Atlas of the Human impact on the Environment
 Malaria Atlas Project 
  InstantAtlas Create your own interactive atlas for any area

Cartography
T-Mobile Team (UCI Team Code: TMO) is a professional cycling team competing in international road bicycle races.

It is named after its chief sponsor - the T-Mobile company. The team takes part in many editions of the annual Grand Tours of cycling, such as the Tour de France and the Giro d'Italia. Since 2005, the team has been one of 20 teams that compete in the new UCI ProTour.

In December 2007 T-Mobile decided to pull out of cycling sponsorship, and end their sponsorship immediately although they had promised to carry on until 2010.

The team was founded in 1991 as Team Telekom, sponsored by T-Mobile's parent Deutsche Telekom - but in 2004 their name changed to the current Team T-Mobile . It has 29 riders, 9 physiotherapists or nurses, 9 mechanics, and has 22 partners. The team is managed of Olaf Ludwig and Eddy Vandenhecke, and its sports directors, sometimes caleed  directeurs sportifs Brian Holm, Tristan Hoffman, Allan Peiper, Valerio Piva and Jan Schaffrath.

History
History

Team Telekom
Founded as Team Telekom in 1991 with Walter Godefroot the team manager, the team soon became important presence in international cycling. In 1994, the German sprinter Erik Zabel won the first UCI Road World Cup victory in the history of the team, the Paris-Tours. A year later, in 1995, Zabel won two stages in the 1995 Tour de France.

The next two years saw the international breakthrough of the team. Godefroot brought in Danish rider Bjarne Riis, finished third in the 1995 Tour, and he went on to win the 1996 Tour de France. Jan Ullrich was then a support rider, and  finished in second place. In the 1997 Tour de France Ullrich as he won the race with support from Riis, who had earlier won the Amstel Gold World Cup race . Team Telekom also won the team classification, as the overall strongest team of the 1997 Tour.
T-Mobile
In 2004, the team changed its name to T-Mobile. Jan Ullrich returned to the team, and raced the 2004 Tour de France as team leader, but Vinokourov did not ride in the Tour. Ullrich finished fourth, while Andreas Klöden was the best placed rider of the team in second place. Team T-Mobile was again the strongest team overall. In the spring of 2005, Vinokourov won the Liège-Bastogne-Liège classic race. Ullrich, as the team leader, finished 3rd overall in the 2005 Tour de France. Alexandre Vinokourov rode in support, and finished fifth as well as winning two stages, including the final stage on the Champs-Elysees. Italian rider Giuseppe Guerini also won a stage and the team once again winning the team classification.
In July 2005, during the 2005 Tour, Vinokourov's contract was running out and speculation was abundant if he was to stay with T-Mobile. With four days left of the 2005 Tour, he announcedt that he would leave the team to try to win the Tour de France as a team captain and after the Tour he joined the Liberty Seguros team. After 13 years with Team Telekom and T-Mobile Team, Erik Zabel also left in 2005 to ride for the newly formed Team Milram. Before the 2006 season, Olaf Ludwig took over from Walter Godefroot as team manager.

Doping scandal
Thirteen riders were expelled from the 2006 Tour de France because of a Spanish doping scandal.  The day before the prologue of the 93rd edition Jan Ullrich, one of the favourites to win the race, was among those excluded from the Tour.  Another T-Mobile rider, Oscar Sevilla, was also expelled, leaving the team starting with only seven riders.
On 9 July, the team sacked sporting director Rudy Pevenage because he was linked with Jan Ullrich in the doping scandal.  "The contract linking T-Mobile to Pevenage has been retrospectively stopped on 30 June," the team's general manager, Olaf Ludwig, said.

On July 21, 2006, Jan Ullrich was fired. investigation.

At the 2006 Tour de France, T-Mobile won the team classification for the third consecutive year, Andreas Klöden reached the podium (3rd place) for the second time,  Matthias Kessler won Stage 3, Serhiy Honchar won two individual time trials (Stages 7 and 19) and wore the yellow jersey for 3 days (after Stages 7–9).
In May 2007, several former riders admitted using banned substances (include EPO) while riding for the team in the mid 1990s, including Erik Zabel, Rolf Aldag, Brian Holm, Bjarne Riis, Bert Dietz, Udo Bölts and Christian Henn including the seasons in which Riis and Ullrich won the Tour de France. Team doctors Andreas Schmid and Lothar Heinrich has also confessed to helping and administering banned substances. Heinrich was Team Telekom's sporting director until May 3, 2007 when he was suspended following allegations published in former team member Jef d'Hont's book.

To present a new image the team brought a young team to the 2007 Tour de France, and drug-free attitude and image. However, Patrik Sinkewitz tested positive for higher than normal level of testosterone during a training camp.  The results were only announced when Sinkiewitz was in hospital because of a crash.  He was still  dismissed on 31 July 2007.

2007 ProTeam 
As of July 19, 2007

Film: Hell on Wheels
In 2005 a film titled Hell on Wheels was released.  It is a record of the 100th anniversary (but only the 90th running because of World War I and World War II) of the Tour de France in 2003 from the perspective of the then-Team Telekom.

Related pages
List of teams and cyclists in the 2007 Tour de France
2007 Tour de France
Tour de France

Footnotes

Other websites

 T-Mobile Team official website
 T-Mobile Team  at usacycling.org

German cycling teams
T-Mobile is a mobile (cell phone) network operator headquartered in Bonn, Germany. It was founded in 1990 and is a part of Deutsche Telekom and belongs to the FreeMove alliance.

T-Mobile is a group of mobile phone companies (all owned by Deutsche Telekom) that operate GSM and UMTS networks in Europe and the United States. The "T" stands for "Telekom". Most subsidiaries (companies) of Deutsche Telekom have names beginning with "T-" like T-Home and T-Online. T-Mobile also owns parts of mobile operators in Eastern Europe. Globally, T-Mobile has 101 million subscribers, making it the world's sixth-largest mobile phone service provider by subscribers and the third-largest multinational after the United Kingdom's Vodafone and Spain's Telefonica.

T-Mobile International has a large presence in eleven European countries: Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, North Macedonia, Montenegro, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia and the United Kingdom as well as in the United States.
Deutsche Telekom recently tried to buy rival mobile network operator O2, but it was eventually bought by Spain's Telefonica.

As well as football kit sponsors for FC Bayern Munich, Ferencvárosi TC, The Blues City and Borehamwood, T-Mobile is also a sponsor of several sports events, some of which carry the company name. For example, it sponsors its own cycling team, the T-Mobile Team, and the Austrian first division football competition, the T-Mobile Bundesliga. It was also the official global mobile phone carrier for the 2006 FIFA World Cup (football) in Germany.

References 

1990 establishments in Germany
Telephone companies of Europe
Mobile phones
Bonn
Technology companies of Germany
Simplified English is a set of approved words and writing rules. Its makers made it to help engineers write manuals (instruction books) so that people all over the world can read them. 

Some people think that:
 It can decrease doubt.
 It can make reading faster.
 It can help understanding for people whose first (native) language is not English.
 It can make translation easier for humans.
 It can make computer-helped translation and machine translation better.
The rules say to only use the words in simplified English in approved ways. This decreases misunderstanding. For example, the rules approve the use of the verb close ("Do not close the door"). The rules approve the use of the adjective closed, meaning "not open" ("The door is not closed"). The adjective close means near ("Do not go close to the door"). The rules disapprove the use of the adjective close. The rules approve the use of the adjective near ("Do not go near the door") for this meaning. The rules specify the use of the adjective near instead of the adjective close. This way, the reader can be sure if the instructions say to keep the door open or to stay far from the door.
People started developing simplified English in the 1970s. People continue developing simplified English today. AECMA is the "European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers". AECMA began work on simplified English. ASD is the "AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe". ASD has a Maintenance Group called STEMG that continues work on simplified English. STEMG is the "Simplified Technical English Maintenance Group". STEMG maintains the ASD-STE100, the latest simplified English.

Related pages
Basic English
Constructed language
Special English

Other websites
Official page of ASD Simplified Technical English Maintenance Group (STEMG)
A brief overview of Simplified English with a selection of links 
World English Organization 
Simplus - Simplified English Checker
Plain Language

English language
Thymine, or 5-methyluracil, is a pyrimidine base found in the nucleic acid DNA.

In RNA thymine is swapped for uracil to represent the same genetic information.  In DNA, thymine (T) connects to adenine (A) by two hydrogen bonds. These pair bonds hold the two strands of the DNA double helix structure together.

Other websites 
 Computational Chemistry Wiki 

Organonitrogen compounds
DNA
Probability distribution is a term from mathematics. Suppose there are many events with random outcomes. A probability distribution is the theoretical counterpart to the frequency distribution. A frequency distribution simply shows how many times a certain event occurred. A probability distribution says how many times it should have occurred in the long run (that is, its probability). The probability distribution of a random variable  is often written as  (or simply ). Such a distribution can either be discrete, taking a discrete (or countable) amount of values, or continuous, taking an uncountable amount of values (as from a continuous interval).

As an example, the probability distribution for a single roll of a normal 6-sided dice can be presented by:

where result is the outcome of the dice roll, and the probability shows the chances of that result occurring. If we roll a dice 60 times, then in the long run, we should expect to have each side appear 10 times on average.
There are different probability distributions. Each of them has its use, its benefits and its drawbacks. Some common probability distributions include:

 Binomial distribution
 Cauchy distribution
 Chi-square distribution
 Exponential distribution
 Gumbel distribution
 Normal distribution 
 Poisson distribution
 Student's t-distribution

Related pages 

 Probability density function

References
The exponential distribution with rate , written , is a probability distribution defined only on the positive real numbers. It is the continuous analogue of geometric distribution. Exponential distribution is used in reliability applications, and its main use is to assess the duration of random time intervals. Examples where it can be used include:
Time length of a telephone call
How long does it take to perform a service (for example, to fix something at a service point)
Amount of time between two phone calls
Half life of atoms (radioactive decay)
Expected lifetime of electronic (or other) parts, if wearing is not considered (this is called Mean Time Between Failures, MTBF)
Age of plants or animals
Very simple model used by insurance companies

Related pages 

 Normal distribution

References

Other websites
Online calculator of Exponential Distribution

Probability distributions
In probability and statistics, the binomial distribution is a probability distribution which models the probabilities of having a certain number of successes among n identical trials (each having p as the probability of success). It is also written as . The variables n and p are thus the two parameters of a binomial distribution.
The binomial distribution has discrete values. It counts the number of successes in yes/no-type experiments. Each of these experiment, also called Bernoulli trial, either results in success or failure. Examples of binomial distribution include:
 Tossing a coin 10 times, and counting the number of face-ups. (n=10, p=1/2)
 Rolling a dice 10 times, and counting the number of sixes. (n=10, p=1/6)
 Counting the number of green-eyed people among 500 randomly chosen people (assuming that 5% of all people have green eyes). (n=500, p=0.05)
In order to use the binomial distribution, the following must be true about the problem:
 The outcomes are mutually exclusive, that is, there are two possible outcomes which cannot occur simultaneously (for example. in flipping a coin, there are two possible outcomes: heads or tails. It is always one or the other, never both or a mix of outcomes).
The probability of a success (p) is consistent throughout the problem (for example, a basketball player makes 85% of his free throws. Each time the player attempts a free throw, 85% is assumed to be the likelihood of a made shot).
 The trials are independent of each other (for example, on the second flip of a coin, the first outcome does not impact the chance of the next toss: the chance of tossing a heads (or tails) is still 50%).
Related pages 

 Bernoulli distribution
 Poisson distribution

References 

Probability distributions
In probability and statistics, Poisson distribution is a probability distribution. It is named after Siméon Denis Poisson. It measures the probability that a certain number of events occur within a certain period of time. The events need to be unrelated to each other. They also need to occur with a known average rate, represented by the symbol  (lambda). 

More specifically, if a random variable  follows Poisson distribution with rate , then the probability of the different values of  can be described as follows: 

    for  

Examples of Poisson distribution include:
 The numbers of cars that pass on a certain road in a certain time
 The number of telephone calls a call center receives per minute
 The number of light bulbs that burn out (fail) in a certain amount of time
 The number of mutations in a given stretch of DNA after a certain amount of radiation
 The number of errors that occur in a system
 The number of Property & Casualty insurance claims experienced in a given period of time

Related pages
Related pages 

 Binomial distribution
 Exponential distribution

References 

Probability distributions
Samaná is a Dominican province. It is in the northeastern part of the country. It takes up the whole Samaná Peninsula. Its capital city is Santa Bárbara de Samaná, usually called just "Samaná". It is one of the main tourist regions of the country with several important resorts.

Name
The word Samaná, written as Xamaná  centuries ago, is the Taíno name of the region. The meaning of the word is unknown.

History
Samaná was visited by Christopher Columbus in January 1493, during his first travel to the Americas. At that moment, Samaná was occupied by Ciguayos, a tribe of Native Americans with the same culture of the Taínos but a different language. They were the first Indians that fought against the Europeans.

After the conquest of the Hispaniola island by the Spaniards, Samaná was occupied by different groups of Europeans, mainly French people. Some groups of maroon (runaway slaves) lived in the mountains for many years.
To fight against those European groups, Spain brought galleys (a galley was a narrow war ship where prisoners and slaves were used to move the ship), and founded in 1756 the town of Santa Bárbara de Samaná on the northern coast of Samaná Bay, with people from the Canary Islands.

When the eastern part of the Hispaniola (the Santo Domingo colony) was given to France in 1795, the French government tried to develop the region, and many French families moved to Samaná to grow coffee; many places in Samaná have French names. Most of those French families left Samaná when Spain took again the colony in 1809.

During the Haitian Occupation (1822 - 1844), a fort was built in Los Cacaos (west of Santa Bárbara de Samaná) to control the Samaná Bay; another small fort was built in El Limón, on the northern coast.
Jean-Pierre Boyer, President of Haiti, sent some Haitian families to live in Tessón, to the north of Santa Bárbara de Samaná. Boyer brought ex-slaves from Philadelphia to live in the country, and 200 of them were taken to live in Samaná. Both the Haitian and the American populations kept their languages and traditions.

After the Independence, several Dominican governments tried to sell or rent the Samaná Bay, with the peninsula, to several foreign governments but without any result.

In 1888, the railway from Sánchez to La Vega (in the La Vega province) began to run across the rich region of the Cibao. Sánchez became the most important port of the country during the rest of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. The railroad worked until 1966.
It was created as a Maritime District (a special administrative category that has been abandoned) on 4 June 1867. The 1907 Dominican Constitution changed its status to province with the municipalities of Samaná and Sánchez. In 1966, Las Terrenas was made the third municipality of the province.

El Limón became a municipal district in 2001, Arroyo Barril in 2003 and Las Galeras in 2005.

Location
To the north and east of the peninsula (and province) is the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. To the south is the Samaná Bay. Samaná shares borders with the Duarte and María Trinidad Sánchez provinces (west). It also shares a short border with the Monte Plata province.

Population
In  (last national census), there were  people living in the Samaná province, and 44,190 () living in towns and cities. The population density was  persons/km².

Its population represents  of the total population of the country and the province is ranked as the 22nd (out of 31 plus the National District) more populated province.
, the total estimated propulation of the province is 108,238 inhabitants.

The largest city of the province is Samaná, its head municipality or capital, with an urban population (in ) of 13,857 inhabitants.

More than 95% of the population is black.

Geography
A mountain chain called Sierra de Samaná runs across the province, from west to east; only in the western part, west of Sánchez, there is flat land because it is an estuary. The Sierra de Samaná gets to the coast, except in some places where there are very good beaches. The highest mountain in the province is in the eastern part of the peninsula and is called La Meseta,  high.

The altitude of Santa Bárbara de Samaná, provincial capital, is  above sea level.

Rivers
There are many rivers and creeks but all are very short because the mountains get very close to the coast. There are more rivers on the southern part of the province but the most important rivers (Limón, Cantón and San Juan) are on the northern part, flowing to the Atlantic Ocean;
In the southwestern part of the province is the Yuna river, one of the most important river of the country; it flows into the Samaná Bay.

Climate
Samaná has a wet tropical climate, with temperature of , on average. The yearly rainfall on the Sierra de Samaná is above .

Municipalities
There are 3 municipalities and 3 municipal districts (M.D.) in the province.

Economy
The most important economic activity of the province is agriculture; Samaná is the biggest producer of coconut in the country but the demand for that product is diminishing. Cacao and rice are produced in the western part of the province.

Even if fishing was a very important activity, its importance has been reduced because the Yuna River has been filling the Samaná Bay with solid material.
Tourism is very important in the province because of the beautiful beaches in the province. Whale-watching is an important economic activity because many tourists come the province to watch the humpback whales that come in late winter and early spring to breed in the warm waters of the Samaná Bay.

Gallery

References

Provinces of the Dominican Republic
1867 establishments in North America
1860s establishments in the Dominican Republic
In computer science, an interpreter is a computer program that performs commands written in a computer programming language. Interpreters are one of the two most important ways a program can be run, the other being compilation.

Function 
The interpreter is a language processor which converts a high-level programming language like JavaScript into machine language by converting and executing it line-by-line. If there is any error in any line, it reports it at the same time and program execution cannot resume until the error is rectified.

Software
Computer programming
The flag of the United Arab Emirates () is used to represent, or show, the United Arab Emirates. It contains the Pan-Arab colors, which are red, green, white, and black, to show Arab unity. The Flag was designed by a Young Emirati boy named as Abdullah Mohammed Al Maainah  in 1971.

Red 
Red represents hardiness, bravery, strength and courage. The vertical red band can also be interpreted as binding all the other meanings together in unity.

Green 
Green represents hope, joy, optimism, and love. It can also symbolize the countries prosperity.

White 
White represents peace and honesty. White is the purest colour, and is interpreted by some to symbolise cleanliness.

Black 
Black is the colour of solidarity and also the colour of mental strength. It signifies the defeat of enemies.

References 

National symbols of the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
The show focuses on an upper middle class American family. Donna is a somewhat idealized housewife who capably handles any problems or situations that come her way. The show had many famous guest stars: singers James Darren and Lesley Gore, actor George Hamilton, swimmer and actress Esther Williams, Lassie as her TV character, sports stars Don Drysdale and Willie Mays, Buster Keaton, and Jay North as his TV character Dennis the Menace. Reed won the 1963 Golden Globe Best Female TV Star Award.

Other websites 

1950s American television series
1960s American television series
American sitcoms
Golden Globe Award winning programs
English-language television programs
Television series about families
Black and white television series
Alien: Resurrection is a 1997 American science fiction-horror-thriller movie. It was written by Joss Whedon and directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet. It opened on November 26, 1997. The movie is the fourth in the Alien series of movies. It was the first in the series that was not made in England. The music was composed by John Frizzell. It stars Sigourney Weaver as Ellen Ripley.

Plot 
The events of Alien: Resurrection take place two centuries after the events of Alien³. Ellen Ripley has been cloned on the outer space military science vessel Auriga. This is done so they can get the alien queen embryo that was inside her. After taking out the queen embryo, the scientists decide to keep the Ripley clone alive for further study. They raise the alien queen to adult size and collect its eggs for further use. Because of the cloning process, Ripley has several new abilities including enhanced strength, acidic blood, and a link with the aliens.
The Betty, a ship full of mercenaries, comes to the Auriga. It is bringing several kidnapped humans to be used in experiments. The mercenaries meet Ripley. Their youngest member Call (Winona Ryder) recognizes her name and tries to kill Ripley. Call thinks Ripley may be used to create more aliens. Call is too late. The adult aliens have already been created and quickly escape their confinement. Dr. Wren, one of the ship's scientists, tells them that, in an emergency, the Auriga will automatically return to Earth. Knowing that this will free the aliens on Earth, Ripley, the mercenaries, Wren, a surviving marine named DiStephano, and a surviving alien host, Purvis, set out to escape on the Betty and then destroy the Auriga.
As the group makes their way through the damaged ship, several of them are killed by the aliens. The group finds out that Call is an android. Using her abilities to control the damaged ship's systems, they set it to crash into the Earth. They hope that the aliens will be destroyed when the ship crashes. The alien queen from inside Ripley has also gain a new ability. She can give birth to live offspring now. The offspring, which appears more humanoid, sees Ripley as its "mother" and kills the alien queen. Ripley escapes soon after and heads for the Betty.

Ripley and the surviving mercenaries arrive at the Betty. As they launch, the human/alien offspring attacks Ripley and Call. Ripley kills it by using her own acidic blood to burn a hole through part of the ship. This causes the creature to be pulled through the small hole and into the vacuum of space. The survivors escape in the Betty as the Auriga crashes through the atmosphere and down towards Earth.
Reception 
Despite positive reviews for Sigourney Weaver's and Winona Ryder's performances, the movie is the least successful in the series and was not well liked by the critics. The movie cost $70 million to make, but it earned only $47.8 million in the US. It did earn a total of $161.3 million worldwide. However, Winona Ryder won the Blockbuster Entertainment Award for her role in the movie.
Screenwriter Joss Whedon was extremely unhappy with the final version of movie. In a 2005 interview, when asked how the movie was different from the script he had written, Whedon said, "It wasn't a question of doing everything differently, although they changed the ending; it was mostly a matter of doing everything wrong. They said the lines... mostly... but they said them all wrong. And they cast it wrong. And they designed it wrong. And they scored it wrong. They did everything wrong that they could possibly do. There's actually a fascinating lesson in filmmaking, because everything that they did reflects back to the script or looks like something from the script, and people assume that, if I hated it, then they’d changed the script... but it wasn’t so much that they’d changed the script; it’s that they just executed it in such a ghastly fashion as to render it almost unwatchable."

References

Other websites
1997 science fiction movies
1997 horror movies
1990s science fiction horror movies
American monster movies
Mad scientist movies
1997 thriller movies
20th Century Fox movies
Alien movies
American thriller movies
English-language movies
Screenplays by Joss Whedon
Sequel movies
Daniel Louis Castellaneta (born October 29, 1957) is an Emmy award-winning American actor, voice actor, comedian and screenwriter best known for providing the voice of Homer Simpson and other characters on the long-running FOX animated series The Simpsons. As well as being a voice actor for The Simpsons, Dan Castellaneta has also written a few episodes of The Simpsons along with his wife, Deb Lacusta.

Full list of Simpsons Characters Voiced By Dan Castellaneta 
 Homer Simpson
 Abraham Simpson
 Krusty The Clown
 Barney Gumble
 Groundskeeper Willie
 Mayor Quimby
 Hans Moleman
 Sideshow Mel
 Itchy
 Kodos
 Gil Gunderson
 Squeaky Voiced Teen
 Blue-Haired Lawyer
 Rich Texan
 Louie
 Bill
 Arnie Pie
 Mr. Teeny
 Yes Guy
 Scott Christian
 Assistant Superintendent Leopold
 Rabbi Krustofski
 Charlie
 Gary
 Santa's Little Helper
 Frankie the Squealer

Filmography

Film
Television
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Series
! Role
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1987–1990
| The Tracey Ullman Show
| Various characters
|
|-
| 1989–present
| The Simpsons
| Homer Simpson,Abe Simpson,Krusty the Clown,Barney Gumble,Various characters
| Has also written four episodesWon four Primetime Emmy Awards
|-
| rowspan=5|1990
| ALF
| Steve Michaels
| Episode 4.21: "Stayin' Alive"
|-
| TaleSpin
| Dr. Zibaldo
| Episode 63: "The Incredible Shrinking Molly"
|-
| Bagdad Café
| Gilbert
| Episode 2.6: "Rainy Days and Mondays"
|-
| Working Tra$h
| George Agrande
|
|-
| 42nd Primetime Emmy Awards
| Homer Simpson
| TV special
|-
| 1990, 1992
| Married... with Children
| PeteFuneral Director
| Episode 5.5: "Dance Show"Episode 7.9: "Death of a Shoe Salesman"
|-
| rowspan=4|1991
| Dream On
| Phil
| Episode 2.3: "The 37-Year Itch"
|-
| Taz-Mania
| Mister Thickley
| Recurring role
|-
| Sibs
| Warren Morris
| Recurring role
|-
| Sesame Street
| Homer Simpson
| Homer Simpson
| Voice; guest star (Celebrity Monster in the Mirror)
|-
| rowspan=2|1991–1992
| Darkwing Duck
| Megavolt/Elmo Sputterspark
| Appeared in 12 episodes
|-
| Back to the Future: The Animated Series
| Dr. Emmett Brown
| Appeared in all 26 episodes
|-
| rowspan=6|1992
| Lady Against the Odds
| Len Chisholm
| television film
|-
| Fievel's American Tails
| Chula the Tarantula
| Appeared in nine episodes
|-
| L.A. Law
| David Champion
| Episode 7.1: "L.A. Lawless"
|-
| Dinosaurs
| Zabar
| Episode 3.6: "Germ Warfare"
|-
| Tiny Toon Adventures
| JeffriesHarvey
| Episode 3.13: "Grandma's Dead"Episode 3.20: "It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special"
|-
| Goof Troop
| Coach Roach, Talent Scout, Game Announcer
| Episode 1.64: "To Catch A Goof"
|-
| 1992–1997
| Eek! The Cat
| MittensBill
| Appeared in 11 episodes
|-
| rowspan=5|1993
| Animaniacs
| Dracula
| episode 29 Draculee Draculaa/Franken Runt
|-
| The Pink Panther
| Voodoo ManAdditional voices
| Recurring roles
|-
| Tracey Ullman Takes On New York
| Gordon
| HBO one-off special
|-
| Sonic the Hedgehog
| Lazaar
| Episode 1.5: "Super Sonic"; uncredited
|-
| Marsupilami
| Stewart
| Episodes 1.7 and 1.11
|-
| rowspan=7|1994
| The Critic
| Homer Simpson
| Episode 1.3: "Dial 'M' for Mother"
|-
| Wings
| George Wexler
| Episode 5.18: "Moonlighting"
|-
| The George Carlin Show
| Passenger
| Episode 1.7: "George Gets Some Money"
|-
| Related by Birth
| Warren Morris
|
|-
| Bakersfield P.D.
| Darian Ferguson
| Episode 1.17: "Last One Into the Water"
|-
| Grace Under Fire
| Mr. Rudder
| Episode 2.5: "Jimmy's Girl"
|-
| The Tick
| Mole King
| Episode 1.11: "The Tick vs. the Mole-Men"
|-
| 1994–1995
| Aladdin
| GenieFrajhid the Ice Efreet
| Appeared in all 86 episodesEpisode 27: "Of Ice and Men"
|-
| rowspan=2|1995
| Murphy Brown
| Tony Lucchesi
| Episode 7.17: "Specific Overtures"
|-
| The Computer Wore Tennis Shoes
| Alan Winsdale
|
|-
| 1995–1996
| Earthworm Jim
| Earthworm Jim
Evil Jim
| Appeared in all 23 episodes
|-
| 1996-2003
| Dexter's Laboratory
| Additional characters
|
|-
| rowspan=4|1996
| The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper
| Additional voices
|
|-
| Friends
| Zoo Janitor
| Episode 2.12: "The One After the Super Bowl: Part 1"
|-
| NYPD Blue
| Gus
| Episode 3.15: "Head Case"
|-
| Quack Pack
| Gil (voice)
| Episode 1.13: "Koi Story"
|-
| 1996–2004
| Hey Arnold!
| Various characters| Grandpa Phil
|-
| rowspan=4|1997
| Cybill
| DaVolio
| Episode 3.17: "Kiss Me, You Fool"
|-
| The Drew Carey Show
| Stan
| Episode 2.20: "Two Drews and the Queen of Poland"
|-
| Nightmare Ned
| Number 1
| Episode "Alien Abduction"
|-
| The Online Adventures of Ozzie the Elf
| Comet & Blitzen
|
|-
| 1997–1999
| Cow and Chicken
| Earl and various characters
|
|-
| rowspan=2|1998
| Rhapsody in Bloom
| Chelton
| Television film
|-
| Hercules: The Animated Series
| Homer the reporter
| Episodes 1.18: "Hercules and the Comedy of Arrows" and 1.26: "Hercules and the Trojan War"
|-
| rowspan=2|1998–2001
| Histeria!
| Additional voices
| Recurring role
|-
| Recurring role
|-
| Everybody Loves Raymond
| Bryan
| Episodes 2.20: "T-Ball" and 6.8: "It's Supposed to Be Fun"
|-
| 1998–2003
| Rugrats
| Jonathan
| Recurring role
|-
| rowspan=6|1999
| Mad About You
| Rory O'Grady
| Episode 7.10: "Win a Free Car"
|-
| Detention
| Additional voices
| Recurring role
|-
| Johnny Bravo
| Harvey
| Episode 2.11: "A League of His Own/Johnny Goes to Camp/Buffoon Lagoon"
|-
| Oh, Grow Up
| Sven Jorgensen
| Episode 1.7: "Hunter's Metamorphosis"
|-
| Nash Bridges
| Eddie Day
| Episode 5.9: "Crosstalk"
|-
| Olive, the Other Reindeer
| The Postman
| TV special
|-
| 1999–2013
| Futurama
| Robot Devil
| Episodes "Hell is Other Robots", "The Devil's Hands Are Idle Playthings", "Ghost in the Machines", "The Six Million Dollar Mon", and "Calculon 2.0".
|-
| 2000
| Buzz Lightyear of Star Command
| Various characters
| Appeared in eight episodes
|-
| 2000, 2001
| Batman Beyond
| Mr. BrooksGuardKobra Commado
| Episode 2.13: "Terry's Friend Dates a Robot"Episode 3.10: "The Curse of the Kobra: Part 1"Episode 3.11: "The Curse of the Kobra: Part 2"
|-
| 2000-2003
| Poochini's Yard
| Various characters
| Recurring role
|-
| 2001
| The New Woody Woodpecker Show
| Additional voice
| Episode "Ya Gonna Eat That?/Chilly & Hungry/Brother Cockroach"
|-
| 2001-2004
| Lloyd in Space
| Dunkirque/Mr. Blobberts/Driver/Rodeo Clown Lloyd/Repairman/Park Ranger/Plumber/Delivery Man/Harvulian Melblatznak/Intrepidville Personnel/Joe/Doctor/Blobullon/Additional Voices
| Recurring role
|-
| rowspan=3|2001
| Yes, Dear
| Walt
| Episode 1.12: "Where There's a Will, There's a Waiver"
|-
| Laughter on the 23rd Floor
| Milt Fields
| Television film
|-
| Disney's House of Mouse
| Genie
| Episode 1.2: "Big Bad Wolf Daddy"
|-
| rowspan=2|2002
| Jackie Chan Adventures
| Jumba
| Episode 2.23: "Into the Mouth of Evil"
|-
| Kim Possible
| Various characters
| Appeared in three episodes
|-
| 2002–2003
| Reba
| Eugene Fisher
| Eugene Fisher
| Episodes 2.7: "Mommy Nearest" and 2.17: "The Feud"
|-
| rowspan=8|2003
| The Pitts
| Morty
| Episode 1.4: "Dummy and Dummier"
|-
| All Grown Up!
| Jonathan
|
|-
| The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
| Professor CrankHulk Jimmy
| Episode 2.5: "Operation: Rescue Jet Fusion"Episode 3.10 "The N-Men"
|-
| The Shnookums and Meat Funny Cartoon Show
| Kung-fu Trainer
| Episode 1.1: "Kung-fu Kitty"
|-
| Justice League
| Minister
| Episodes 2.7 and 2.8: "Maid of Honor" Parts 1 and 2
|-
| Duck Dodgers
| Martian sageFootball player #3
| Episode 1.10: "Quarterback Quack/To Love a Duck"
|-
| Frasier
| Brad
| Episode 11.7: "Maris Returns"
|-
| That '70s Show
| Agent Armstrong
| Episode 6.5: "I'm Free"
|-
| rowspan=6|2004
| Party Wagon
| Wild Bill HickokClerkCheyenne #2
| rowspan=3|Television film
|-
| Behind the Camera: The Unauthorized Story of 'Charlie's Angels'''
| Aaron Spelling
|-
| The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour| Goddard's evil robot voice
|-
|-
| Foster's Home For Imaginary Friends| Additional voices
| Recurring role
|-
| As Told by Ginger| Dave BishopJeweler
| Episode 3.3: "About Face"
|-
| Complete Savages| FrogMr. Horner
| Episode 1.6: "Free Lily"
|-
| 2004–2008
| The Batman| Arnold Wesker/Scarface
| Appeared in three episodes
|-
| rowspan=5|2005
| Stargate SG-1| Joe Spencer
| Episode 8.15: "Citizen Joe"
|-
| What's New, Scooby-Doo?| Officer McBride
| Episode: "A Scooby-Doo Valentine"
|-
| Arrested Development| Dr. Stein
| Episode 2.15: "The Sword of Destiny"
|-
| Firehouse Tales| Stinky
| TV series
|-
| Loonatics Unleashed| College Professor
| Episode 1.6: "The Comet Cometh"
|-
| rowspan=4|2006
| The Jeff Garlin Program| Ted
|
|-
| Veronica Mars| Dr. Kinny
| Episode 3.2: "My Big Fat Greek Rush Week"
|-
| Casper's Scare School| Stretch
| Television film
|-
|Legion of Super Heroes| BorisCaptain HowdyColuans
| Episode 1.4: "Fear Factory"
|-
| 2006–2007
| Campus Ladies| Dean Dewey
| Episodes 1.7: "Safety Bathroom" and 2.7: "Safety First"
|-