Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Diphenhydramine (DPH) is an antihistamine medication. It is mainly used to treat allergies. It can also be used to treat insomnia, the common cold, tremor in parkinsonism, and nausea. It is taken by mouth, injected into a vein, injected into a muscle, or put on the skin. It works best two hours after taking, and works for up to seven hours.

Common side effects include sleepiness, bad balance and a bad stomach. It should not be used in young children or the elderly. It can be used while pregnant, but not when breastfeeding. It works by blocking some effects of histamine from working at the H1 receptor. Diphenhydramine is also an anticholinergic, and is a deliriant at high doses.

Diphenhydramine was first made by George Rieveschl and was first used in 1946. It is available as a generic medication. It is also sold under the brand name Benadryl, as well as others. It was the 241st most commoly prescribed medication in the United States in 2017.

References
References

Antihistamines
Organic compounds
Organonitrogen compounds
George Rieveschl (January 9, 1916 – September 27, 2007) was an American chemist and professor. He invented the antihistamine diphenhydramine (Benadryl), which he first made when trying to make a drug like scopolamine.

References

1916 births
2007 deaths
American chemists
Academics from Ohio
Maurice Boucher (21 June 1953 – 10 July 2022) was a Canadian murderer, drug trafficker, and outlaw biker—once president of the Hells Angels' Montreal chapter. 

Boucher led Montreal's Hells Angels against the rival Rock Machine biker gang during the Quebec Biker War. In 2002, Boucher was convicted of ordering the murders of two Quebec prison officers. He served three life sentences at Canada’s only supermax prison prison in Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines. 

Boucher was transferred in June 2022 to get palliative care because of the metastasis of his throat cancer. He died on 10 July 2022 from the disease in Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines, Canada at the age of 69.

References

1953 births
2022 deaths
People who died in prison custody
People convicted of murder
People from Quebec
Canadian murderers
Leslyn Lewis  (born December 2, 1970) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. She has been the member of Parliament (MP) for Haldimand—Norfolk since 2021. She is a member of the Conservative Party.

She ran for Conservative Party leader in the 2020 leadership election, coming in third. She was the first minority woman to run for the federal Conservative Party leadership. 

Lewis is also a candidate in the 2022 leadership election.

References

1970 births
Living people
Jamaican politicians
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Canadian lawyers
Politicians from Ontario
Ivan Oleksandrovich Bidnyak ( October 1, 1985, Marganets, Dnipropetrovsk Region, Ukrainian SSR, USSR — April 20, 2022, Kherson region, Ukraine ) — Ukrainian shooter, master of sports of international class of Ukraine in bullseye shooting. A senior soldier of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, a participant in the Russian-Ukrainian war, who fell during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Biography 
In 2003, he graduated from the Lviv State School of Physical Culture (shooting department) and returned to Dnipropetrovsk.

Took second place in shooting from a small-caliber pistol (MP-6 exercise) at the 26th ISAS international tournament, Dortmund, with a score of 657.0 points.

In March 2010, he won a silver medal as part of the team at the European shooting championship in the city of Meraker (Norway) — shooting from an air pistol at 10 meters (exercise PP-3) — together with Serhiy Kudreya (Kherson) and Oleg Omelchuk (Rivne)
In 2010, he was recognized as the eighth in the top ten sportsmen of the Dnipropetrovsk region (3 bronze medals in the European shooting Championship).

In the summer of 2013, he won a silver award at the European Small Arms Shooting Championship in Osijek — from a distance of 25 meters, with a result of 575 points. In the team tournament, Roman Bondaruk together with Oleksandr Petriv and Ivan Bidniak won bronze awards — 1706 points.

In February 2022, at the beginning of the invasion of Russian troops into Ukraine, he returned from abroad, where he worked, and went to the front as a volunteer. He fought in the Kherson region . On April 20, 2022, he was killed by an enemy bullet while performing a combat mission.

Awards 

 Order "For Courage" III degree (2022) — for personal courage and selfless actions shown in the defense of the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, loyalty to the military oath.

Notes

Sources
Notes

Sources 

 UNIAN 
 Lviv State School of Physical Culture 
 Bullet Shooting 
 The first Ukrainian license for the 2012 Olympics 
 VRU 
 Shooting Federation of Ukraine 
Webarchive template wayback links
2022 deaths
1985 births
"Way Down" is a 1977 song by Elvis Presley and was the last track to be released in his lifetime. It was the second single from the 1977 album Moody Blue. It went to number 1 in the United Kingdom for five weeks following his death, number 1 in Ireland and number 18 in the United States.

1977 songs
Rock songs
Elvis Presley songs
Cetirizine, sold under the brand name Zyrtec and others, is an antihistamine medication used to treat allergies. It is taken by mouth. It starts working within an hour and it lasts for about a day. It works as well as other antihistamines like diphenhydramine.

Common side effects are sleepiness, dry mouth, headache, and a abdominal pain. There is less sleepiness than in first generation antihistamines. Pregnant women can use it, but not women who are breastfeeding. It works by blocking histamine at H1 receptors, mostly outside of the brain.

It was patented in 1981, and was first used in 1987. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. It was the 67th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States in 2019, with over 11million prescriptions.

References

Antihistamines‎
Carboxylic acids
Organochlorides
Organonitrogen compounds
Mirada de mujer (Waze of Woman), is a Mexican telenovela produced by TV Azteca and premiered by Azteca Trece on July 9, 1997, starring Angélica Aragón, Ari Telch and Fernando Luján, it is based on the Colombian drama Señora Isabel.

It had a sequel in 2003 called, Mirada de mujer, el regreso.

Synopsis

María Inés Domínguez is a 50-year-old housewife who is in charge of her husband Ignacio San Millán and their three children Adriana, Andrés and Mónica. Despite this, she is not happy and wants to fulfill her dreams and goals. that he abandoned and did not fulfill, out of nowhere Daniela López arrives, a woman who comes from nowhere and with whom Ignacio falls in love and believes that the 27-year marriage he had with María Inés is no longer the same. This brings family problems, her daughters to see this blame Inés for the abandonment of her father and she is only supported by her son Andrés, her friends Paulina, Rosario and her sister Consuelo her.
The infidelity begins to end her but finally she meets Alejandro Salas, a journalist and journalist 16 years younger than her who is divorced and has a son, Alex who does not see her as a mother, Alejandro does not see María Inés as a mother but as a woman, something that she had forgotten and over time they fall in love and she must have a woman's gaze to visualize her surroundings.

Cast

Main Cast
Angélica Aragón as María Inés Domínguez de Sanmillán
Ari Telch  as Alejandro Salas
Fernando Luján as Lic. Ignacio Sanmillán
 Margarita Gralia as Paulina
 Evangelina Elizondo as Doña Emilia Elena viuda de Domínguez 'Mamá Elena'
 Verónica Langer as Rosario
 María Renée Prudencio as Adriana Sanmillán
 Bárbara Mori  as Mónica Sanmillán
 Plutarco Haza as Andrés Sanmillán
 Martha Mariana Castro as Daniela
Supporting Cast
 Muriel Fouilland as Ivana
 Álvaro Carcaño Jr as Nicolás
 Olmo Araiza  as Alex Salas
 Carlos Torres Torrija as Marcos
 Paloma Woolrich as Consuelo
 Carmen Madrid as Marcela
 René Gatica  as Francisco
 Mariana Peñalva as Andrea
 Víctor González as Fernando
 Alma Rosa Añorve as Gloria
 Enrique Singer as Enrique
 Dora Montero  as Elvia
 Ana Graham  as Marina
 Guadalupe Noel  as Doña Felisa (1997-1998)

Awards and nominations

References

Other websites 

Telenovelas by TV Azteca
1997 television series debuts
1998 television series endings
James Walton Nathaniel Moses was born on 8 August 1965, in Antigua. He is a Botswanan cricketer who played 7 Twenty20 Internationals for Botswana.

Other websites
 

1965 births
Living people
Botswanan cricketers
The Grizzly Giant is a giant sequoia in Yosemite National Park's Mariposa Grove. It has a volume of , which makes it the 26th largest living giant sequoia.

The Grizzly Giant is the oldest sequoia in the Mariposa Grove, the largest giant sequoia grove in Yosemite National Park.

At one time, the Grizzly Giant was considered the oldest and largest tree in the world.

References

Trees
Mariposa Grove is a group of giant sequoia trees located near Wawona, California, United States, in the southernmost part of Yosemite National Park. It is the largest grove of giant sequoias in the park. Two of its trees are among the 30 largest giant sequoias in the world. The grove closed on July 6, 2015, for a restoration project and reopened on June 15, 2018.

References

Forests of the United States
Geography of California
Wawona is a census-designated place in Mariposa County, California. It is located  east of Mariposa. The population was 111 at the 2020 census.

References

Census-designated places in California
Settlements in Mariposa County, California
Arthur Lawrence Schallock (born April 25, 1924) is an American former left-handed pitcher. He played with the New York Yankees and Baltimore Orioles from 1951 to 1955.

References

Other websites
 Art Schallock's Baseball Almanac Biography

1924 births
Living people
New York Yankees players
Baltimore Orioles players
Baseball players from California
Mapanna Mallikarjun Kharge (born 21 July 1942) is an Indian politician. He is the Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from Karnataka and Leader of the Opposition of Rajya Sabha from 17 December 2022. He is the Minister of Railways and Minister of Labour and Employment. Kharge is a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party. He was a Member of Parliament for Gulbarga, Karnataka from 2009 to 2019. On October 19, 2022, Kharge was elected as the President of the Congress Party.

References

1942 births
Living people
Politicians from Karnataka
Stanley Lee "Whitey" Von Nieda Jr. (June 19, 1922 – September 6, 2023)  is an American retired professional basketball player and coach. He was born in Ephrata, Pennsylvania. In 1950, he began playing for the National Basketball Association with the Baltimore Bullets. 

Von Nieda turned 100 in June 2022, making him the first NBA player to reach 100 years of age.

References

1922 births
2023 deaths
American centenarians
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
Washington Wizards players
Ephrata ( ; Pennsylvania German: Effridaa) is a borough in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is  east of Harrisburg and about  west-northwest of Philadelphia. Ephrata's sister city is Eberbach, Germany.

References

Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Eberbach (; South Franconian: Ewwerbach) is a town in Germany, in northern Baden-Württemberg. It is located 33 km east of Heidelberg.

References
Barry Whitley Sinclair  (23 October 1936 – 11 July 2022) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played for the New Zealand cricket team in 21 Test matches from 1963 to 1968. Sinclair also played for Wellington cricket team between 1955 to 1971. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand.

Sinclair died on 11 July 2022 in Wellington, aged 85.

References

1936 births
2022 deaths
New Zealand cricketers
Sportspeople from Wellington
José Guirao Cabrera (9 June 1959 – 11 July 2022) was a Spanish cultural manager and art expert. He was Minister of Culture and Sport in the government of Pedro Sánchez between 2018 and 2020. He was also Member of the Congress of Deputies from 2019 to 2020 as a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. 

Guirao was director of the Reina Sofía Museum between 1994 and 2001 and director of the La Casa Encendida from 2002 and 2014.

Guirao was born in Pulpí, Spain. In March 2021, he was diagnosed with cancer. He died from the disease at his home in Madrid, Spain on 11 July 2022 at age 63.

References

1959 births
2022 deaths
Cancer deaths in Spain
Spanish politicians
Pulpí is a municipality of Almería province, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain.

References

Municipalities in Andalusia
Province of Almería
Zain Abbasi was born 22 April, 1987. He is a cricketer who plays for Botswana and played one Twenty20 International.

Other websites
 

1987 births
Living people
Botswanan cricketers
Collingswood is a borough in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 13,926.

References

Boroughs in New Jersey
James Logan Jones Jr. (born December 19, 1943) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as the 21st United States National Security Advisor from 2009 to 2010 during the Barack Obama administration.

During his military career, he served as the 32nd Commandant of the Marine Corps from July 1999 to January 2003, and Commander, United States European Command and Supreme Allied Commander Europe from 2003 to 2006.

References

1943 births
Living people
United States National Security Advisors
American generals
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Politicians from Kansas City, Missouri
Independent politicians in the United States
Military people from Missouri
United States Marine Corps personnel‎
A New Kind of Love is a 1963 American romantic comedy movie directed by Melville Shavelson and starring Paul Newman, Joanne Woodward, Thelma Ritter, Eva Gabor, George Tobias, Robert Clary. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1964.

Other websites
 
 
 
 

1963 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by Melville Shavelson
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in Paris
Movies about fashion
Movies about journalists
The 1929 Netherlands–Belgium women's athletics competition was an international women's athletics competition on 18 August 1929 Maastricht, the Netherlands.

The competition was won by the Netherlands with 46 points versus Belgium with 26 points.

During the competition Lien Gisolf set a new world record in the high jump with 1.608 metres.

Competition format
The competition consisted of 8 individual events and a relay event. The overall classification is a nation's classification. In the individual events two athletes of each nation participated. The winner of the event received for the most points, with every other place one point less. For the overall classication, all points scored by the athlete from each country are added together.

Entrants
The Dutch athlethes were selected by the Royal Dutch Athletics Federation and announced ahead of the competition. and the Belgian athletes were announced ahead of the competition.
Names and events in italics or striked are differenced between the entry and athletes at the events.

In the result book Louise Stevens to have competed in the long jump, in stead of Leontine Stevens. However this is not in line with newspaper reports, that are not mentioning her name and mentioning a team of seven athletes.

Competition

Overall classification

References

Women's athletics
Sport in the Netherlands‎
Sport in Belgium
1929 in sports
1929 in Europe
Humboldt's Gift is a 1975 novel by Canadian-American author Saul Bellow. He won the 1976 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. In the same year, Bellow received the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Plot 
The novel, which Bellow originally conceived as a short story, is the story of Bellow's friendship with the poet Delmore Schwartz. He explores the changing relationship of art and power in materialistic America. This theme is addressed through the opposing careers of two writers, von Humboldt Fleischer and his protégé Charlie Citrine (to some extent a version of Bellow himself). Fleischer seeks to uplift American society through the arts, but fails. In contrast, Charlie Citrine makes a lot of money from his writings, especially Broadway plays and films about a character named Von Trenk, a character modeled after Fleischer.
Another notable character in the book is Rinaldo Cantabile, a copycat Chicago gangster who tries to get Citrine to make friends. Because his career advice to Citrine is commercially tied, it is in stark contrast to that of Citrine's former mentor, Humboldt Fleischer, who prioritizes artistic integrity.

Perception 
Humboldt's Gift won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1976, Bellow's first entry after three previous entries were finalists. In the novel, Humboldt says, and Citrine agrees, that the prize is "a fictitious newspaper advertising award given by swindlers and illiterates". When asked about the description after receiving the prize, Bellow laughed and said he would accept the award "in dignified silence."

References 

20th-century American novels
1975 books
The book is a bestseller, with over a million copies sold as of March 2011. Despite the fact that the novel is not an autobiography in the strict sense of the word, many small details of the narrative outline were taken from the life of the author himself, which he learned about in the process of studying the Greek part of his ancestry. The idea to create such a work came to Eugenides in 1980 while reading the memoirs of Herculine Barbin (eng. Herculine Barbin: Being the Recently Discovered Memoirs of a Nineteenth-century French Hermaphrodite), after which he decided to give his own interpretation of the description of the anatomical structure and emotions of intersexes.

Plot 
The narrator and main protagonist of the novel, Cal Stefanidis, originally named "Kalli" (short for "Calliope"), is an intersex male of Greek origin with a 5-alpha reductase deficiency syndrome, as a result of which he is a male with a female appearance (or rather: a character has a female phenotype with a male karyotype).
The first half of the novel tells readers about Cal's family, mainly about the migration of his paternal grandparents to the United States from Bursa, a city in Anatolia, in 1922. What follows is their assimilation into American society in Detroit, Michigan, during the city's industrial boom. The second half of the novel, which is set in the late 20th century, focuses on Cal's life journey in his native Detroit and his subsequent escape to San Francisco, where he settles into his new guise, recognizing his male gender identity.

21st-century American novels
Tunde Bakare was born on the 11th of November 1955. He is a Nigerian prophetic apostolic pastor. He was said to have been arrested in the month of March 2002 after preaching a message particularly referring to the former president Olusegun Obasanjo. 

He was the opposing party for the presidential candidate Muhammadu Buhari in the 2011 Nigerian presidential election. Tunde was a member and also the legal adviser at the Deeper life Bible Church before becoming a member of the Redeemed Christian Church of God where he became a pastor and later founded his own church which is by name The Latter Rain Assembly.
Tunde Bakare was born into a Muslim home, but he later got changed to Christianity in the year 1974. He went to All Saints Primary School, Kemta, in Abeokuta and further to Lisabi Grammar school still in Abeokuta,after which he went on to study law at the University of lagos. He was called to the Bar in 1981 and during his National Youth Service Corps he practiced law with Gani Fewehinmi chambers, Rotimi Williams and Co and Burke and Co, solicitors. He founded his own law firm named Tunde Bakare and Co (El-Shaddai chambers) in October 1984. In May 1988,at the very height of his law profession, he was called into ministry (to serve God) and he started his own church which is Latter Rain Assembly (End-Time Church) which is now called the Citadel Global Community Church on 1April 1989 and he is the present ministering Overseer of the church.

According to The Guardian he is one of the most politically influential pastors in Nigeria.

References

1955 births
Nigerian Christian clergy
Living people
Generative art is the combination of computer technology with art. It uses an autonomous system that can independently determine the features of artwork that would otherwise require the work of the artist himself. On the one hand, it can be argued that the system only reproduces the generative artistic intent of the creator, and on the other hand, that the system takes on the role of the creator.

History 
Georg Nies, one of the pioneers of the movement, in February 1965 presented a number of his works to the public in Stuttgart, which were described by critics as "computer graphics". A few years later, Nees wrote a dissertation titled "Procedural Computer Graphics". "Procedural art" and similar terms began to be used in those years by other computer artists, including Manfred Mohr. The term "procedural art" in the sense of "dynamic systems of artworks capable of generating multiple artistic events" was first proposed at the "Procedural Art" conference in Milan in 1998.
The term has also been used to describe geometric abstract art in which simple elements are repeated, transformed, or modified to create more complex shapes. Thus, it can be argued that in the late 1960s, the Argentine artists Eduardo McIntyre and Miguel Angel Vidal also practiced procedural art. In 1972, Paul Neagu, a native of Romania, created a creative association called the Generative Art Group in the UK. In 1972, Neagu gave a lecture on "forms of generative art" at Queen's University at the Belfast Festival.

In 1970, the Department of Procedural Systems was created at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. According to Sonya Landy Sheridan, the main focus of his staff was on artistic practices using then new technologies for capturing, printing and transmitting images, as well as exploring the aspect of time in image transformation.
In the mid-1990s, Brian Eno was also involved in the popularization of procedural music and procedural systems, which were closely associated with experimental music.

References 

Art
Osteocephalus mimeticus is a frog in the family Hylidae. It lives in the state of Amazonas in Brazil and the state of Amazonas in Venezuela.  Scientists think it might also live in Colombia.  This frog lives in forests with white sand in the ground.

Appearance

The adult male frog is 47.5 – 58.4 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 54.6 - 65.3 m long.  Adult male frogs have many large bumps on their skin and adult female frogs have small bumps.  The adult frog is light brown, yellow-brown, or red-brown on the back.  Some of them have dark brown or black marks.  There is a dark stripe between the eyes.  There is a dark line by each side of the jaw.  The sides of the body are yellow-white and might have brown spots or marks.  The inner parts of the hind legs are light brown.  The belly is whitish in color.  The lower sides of the legs are pink or orange in color.

Young frogs are gray in color with darker gray marks.  There is a gray stripe between the eyes.
The tadpoles are 33.0 – 34.5 mm long from nose to the end of the tail.

Threats

There are fewer of this frog than there were.  This is because human beings change the places where it lives.  Humans cut down trees to use the wood and to make farms.  Because this frog only lives in forests with white sand, this is a larger problem than it is for other frogs.

First paper

References

Frogs of South America
Wolves in the Walls is a 2003 picture book by writer Neil Gaiman and illustrator Dave McKean. A surreal tale of wolves that lived within the walls and then took over the house and temporarily forced its inhabitants out. The book gained great popularity, was translated into foreign languages, and a successful children's musical was staged based on it. The design of the book is interesting because McKean used various techniques to create illustrations: both ordinary drawings and computer graphics and photographs. 

According to Gaiman, the plot of the book was suggested to him by his daughter, who, at the age of four, had a terrible dream about wolves living in the walls. 

The book was translated into German, Spanish, Italian, Polish and other languages. The Russian translation of the book by Maxim Nemtsov was published in 2014 by Livebook.
Plot 
One evening, the girl Lucy hears strange noises coming from the walls in the house. She believes that wolves live in the walls and talks about it to her mother (who fills jars with homemade jam), her father (who plays the tuba), her younger brother (who plays video games). All of them, however, do not believe Lucy: mother says that they are mice, father that they are rats, and brother that they are bats. In addition, they are all sure that “when wolves crawl out of the walls, that’s all!”.

However, the next day, wolves do break out of the walls and take over the house, while Lucy and her family huddle in the garden. They discuss where they should live now - at the North Pole, in the Sahara desert, in outer space? Lucy, having forgotten her favorite pig toy in the room, sneaks into the house inside the walls and takes it.
The next evening, the family is still hesitant to enter the house, but Lucy invites everyone to go and spend the night there by walking inside the walls. The family does just that, seeing what the wolves are doing in the house (they watch TV at full volume, eat jam, throwing leftovers everywhere, dance). Unable to stand it, Lucy and her family take chair legs and chase away the wolves, who are horrified that people have come out of the wall.

The family moves back into their home, cleaning up the mess. But after a while, Lucy begins to think that elephants have now settled behind the wall.
Adaptaitions 
In 2006, "The Wolves in the Walls" was adapted for the stage as a musical called "The Wolves in the Walls: Musical Pandemonium." It had music by Nick Powell, with some lyrics contributed by Neil Gaiman. The stage adaptation was co-produced by the National Theatre of Scotland and Improbable Theatre. It premiered at the Tramway in Glasgow in March 2006 and then toured the UK for the rest of the year. The production won the TMA Best Show for Children and Young People award in 2006. In October 2007, it was staged off Broadway at the New Victory Theater in New York for a two-week run, and it was well received by audiences and critics.

References 

British fantasy books
Edward Lear (also Edward Lear, eng. Edward Lear; 1812-1888) was an English artist and poet, one of the founders of "poetry of nonsense", author of numerous popular absurdist limericks.

Biography 
Edward Lear was born on May 12, 1812 in the London suburb of Highgate. He was the 20th child in the family, and his older sister Ann was involved in his upbringing. When Edward was 15 years old, he and his sister settled in a separate house. Being a talented artist, Lear began working as a book illustrator. At the age of 19, he published his first book, Illustrations of the Family of Psittacidae, or Parrots, 1830.

Since childhood, Lear had poor health - he suffered from epilepsy, asthma, and in adulthood, partial loss of vision was added to this.

In 1846, Lear published A Book of Nonsense (also translated as the Book of Nonsense or the Book of Nonsense), which included funny limericks. Soon this genre gained considerable popularity.
The style and plots of Lear's nonsense influenced the work of his contemporary, Lewis Carroll, the French surrealists, Russian Oberiuts (Daniil Kharms was Lear's admirer).

The poet died on January 29, 1888. Mentioned in the Beatles song "Paperback writer" (1966).

Pen names
English novelists
The theater of the absurd is part of the literature of the absurd. In absurdist plays (dramas), in contrast to the logical plays of ordinary dramaturgy, the author conveys to the reader and the viewer his sense of a problem, constantly violating logic, so the viewer, accustomed to ordinary theater, is confused and feels discomfort, which is the goal of "illogical" theater, aimed at getting the viewer to get rid of the patterns in his perception and look at his life in a new way. Supporters of the "logical" theater say that the world in the "theater of the absurd" is presented as a senseless, illogical pile of facts, deeds, words and destinies, but when reading such plays, one can notice that they are made up of a number of quite logical fragments. The logic of the connection of these fragments differs sharply from the logic of the connection of the parts of an "ordinary" play
. The principles of "absurdism" were most fully embodied in the dramas "The Bald Singer" (La cantatrice chauve, 1950) by the Romanian-French playwright Eugene Ionesco and "Waiting for Godot" (Waiting for Godot, 1952) by the Irish writer Samuel Beckett.
The term "theater of the absurd" first appeared in the works of theater critic Martin Esslin, who wrote a book with that title in 1962. Esslin saw in certain works the artistic embodiment of Albert Camus' philosophy of the meaninglessness of life at its core, which he illustrated in his book The Myth of Sisyphus. It is believed that the theater of the absurd is rooted in the philosophy of Dadaism, poetry from non-existent words and avant-garde art of the 1910-1920s. Despite sharp criticism, the genre gained popularity after the Second World War, which demonstrated the uncertainty and ephemeral nature of human life. The introduced term was also criticized, there were attempts to redefine it as "anti-theater" and "new theater".  According to Esslin, the absurdist theatrical movement was based on the productions of four playwrights - Eugène Ionesco, Samuel Beckett, Jean Genet and Arthur Adamov, but he emphasized that each of these authors had his own unique technique that went beyond the term "absurdity"
.  The following group of writers is often distinguished - Tom Stoppard, Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Fernando Arrabal, Harold Pinter, Edward Albee and Jean Tardieu. Eugene Ionesco did not recognize the term "theater of the absurd" and called it "the theater of mockery."
Igor Stravinsky, Alfred Jarry, Luigi Pirandello, Stanislav Vitkevich, Guillaume Apollinaire, surrealists and many others are considered to be the inspirers of the movement.   

The “theater of the absurd” (or “new theatre”) movement apparently originated in Paris as an avant-garde phenomenon associated with small theaters in the Latin Quarter, and after some time gained worldwide recognition.   

It is believed that the theater of the absurd denies realistic characters, situations and all other relevant theatrical devices. Time and place are uncertain and changeable, even the simplest causal relationships are destroyed. Senseless intrigues, repetitive dialogues and aimless chatter, dramatic inconsistency of actions – everything is subordinated to one goal: to create a fabulous, and maybe even terrible, mood.

References 

Theater
The Bald Soprano (French La Cantatrice Chauve) is the first play by the Franco-Romanian playwright Eugène Ionesco.

The play was written in 1948 and was first staged by Nicolas Bataille at the Théâtre des Noctambules (The Night Owl Theatre) in Paris; premiered on May 11, 1950.

The play was not a success - until famous writers and critics, including Jean Anouilh and Raymond Quenot, supported it. Since 1957, she has been constantly going to the Théâtre de la Huchette (The Theater on rue Huchette). The play became one of the most frequently played in France.

The idea for the play came to Ionesco while he was trying to learn English with the Assimil method. Impressed by the contents of the dialogues, often very sober and strange, he decided to write an absurd play named L'anglais sans peine ("English without toil").

References 

French plays
1940s plays
1948 works
Princess Christine of Ligne (born 11 August 1955 at Château de Belœil), is a Princess of Ligne by birth, as the daughter of Antoine, 13th Prince of Ligne, and a Princess of Brazil by marriage to Prince Antônio of Brazil.

1955 births
Living people

Titles 

11 August  1955-25 September 1981: Her Highness Princess Christine of Ligne 

25 September 1981-15 July 2022: Her Highness Princess Christine of Brazil, Princess of Orleans-Braganza, Princess of Ligne

15 July 2022-present: Her Imperial Highness The Princess Imperial of Brazil 

(https://royalty.miraheze.org)
The Government of the Italian Republic is the constitutional body that heads the executive branch of Italy. Its fundamental regulation is located in Title III of the Italian Constitution.

It is composed of the President of the Council of Ministers and the Ministers, who form the Council of Ministers. Subsecretaries of State generally also form part of the Government, some of whom assume the role of deputy ministers.

It has its official headquarters in the Chigi Palace in Piazza Colonna in Rome. Other headquarters of the representation of the Italian Government are Villa Doria Pamphilj, Villa Madama and the Farnesina Palace, all located in Rome.

The current cabinet, called the Draghi Government, named after its President of the Council Mario Draghi, came into force on February 13, 2021 after being sworn in at the Quirinal Palace.

Overview
Overview

The Government is a constitutional body as provided by the Italian Constitution in articles 92, 93, 94, 95 and 96 and insofar as it contributes, in a position of independence from other state bodies, to the formulation of the political direction. Title III, section II, of the Constitution determines its discipline and functions. In general, the government also includes deputy secretaries of state, some of whom may be given the title of deputy ministers.

It is chaired by the President of the Council of Ministers, who ranks fourth in the order of precedence of Italian positions (after the President of the Republic, the President of the Senate, the President of the Chamber of Deputies

President of the Council of Ministers
The president of the Council of Ministers has a position of pre-eminence over the other members of the government. He has the task of forming the government once the mandate has been received by the head of state and of electing the ministers. If he resigns, the whole government will have to resign too.

In government, one or more ministers may hold the position of Vice President of the Council of Ministers, elected by the Council of Ministers. His task is to replace the latter when the President is absent or has a temporary impediment.

References

Government of Italy
How to Swim is a cartoon made by Walt Disney Productions in 1942.

References

Other websites

1942 movies
Disney animated movies
The great blue heron (Ardea herodias) is a bird in the Ardeidae family.

Ardeidae
Birds of North America
Carmine Coppola (1910-1991) was an American composer. He is known for composing movie music. He was also a flutist, pianist, and songwriter. He wrote music for The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, Apocalypse Now, The Outsiders, and The Godfather Part III. All of these films were directed by his son Francis Ford Coppola. Coppola won an Academy Award for Best Original Score and a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score. He also had one Grammy Award nomination. 

1910 births
1991 deaths
American movie score composers
The Offer is a biographical drama miniseries about the making of The Godfather. It is 10 episodes long. It shows the chaos, tension and struggles that occurred during the making of The Godfather. The show stars Miles Teller as Albert Rudy, Matthew Goode as Robert Evans, and Dan Folger as Francis Ford Coppola. The Offer had mixed reviews with a 54% on Rotten Tomatoes.

Cast

Main 

 Miles Teller as Albert S. Ruddy
 Matthew Goode as Robert Evans
 Dan Fogler as Francis Ford Coppola
 Burn Gorman as Charles Bluhdorn
 Colin Hanks as Barry Lapidus
 Giovanni Ribisi as Joe Colombo
 Juno Temple as Bettye McCartt

Recurring
Recurring 

 Nora Arnezeder as Francoise Glazer
 Patrick Gallo as Mario Puzo
 Frank John Hughes as Frank Sinatra
 Michael Rispoli as Tommy Lucchese
 Jake Cannavale as Caesar
 Lou Ferrigno as Lenny Montana
 Meredith Garretson as Ali MacGraw
 Anthony Skordi as Carlo Gambino
 Josh Zuckerman as Peter Bart
 Anthony Ippolito as Al Pacino
 James Madio as Carmine
 Paul McCrane as Jack Ballard
 Stephanie Koenig as Andrea Eastman
 Danny Nucci as Mario Biaggi
 Derrick Baskin as Nicky Barnes
 Joseph Russo as Joe Gallo
 Branden Williams as Gianni Russo
 Justin Chambers as Marlon Brando
 Carmine Giovinazzo as Sonny Grosso
 Geoffrey Arend as Aram Avakian
 Eric Balfour as Dean Tavoularis
 Maya Butler as Diane Keaton
 Damian Conrad-Davis as James Caan
 Derek Magyar as Robert Duvall
 Nick Pupo as John Cazale
 Zack Schor as Fred Gallo
 Cynthia Aileen Strahan as Talia Shire
 T. J. Thyne as Gordon Willis

Guest
Guest 

 Lola Glaudini as Candida Donadio
 Kyle S. More as Bernard Fein
 Billy Magnussen as Robert Redford
 Kirk Acevedo as Special Agent Hale
 Michael Landes as Vic Damone
 Louis Mandylor as Mickey Cohen
 Ross McCall as Moran
 Lisa Dobbyn as Morgana King
 Charlie Heydt as James T. Aubrey
 Dawn Joyal as Anna Hill Johnstone
 Michael Gandolfini as Andy Calhoun
 Aimee Carrero as Rosie Molina
 Lynn Adrianna Freedman as Madolina Colombo
 Ian Michaels as Robert Towne
 Allen Marsh as Alvin Sargent
 Brandon Sklenar as Burt Reynolds
 David Shalansky as Henry Kissinger

References 

Drama television series
Hempstead House, also known as the Gould-Guggenheim Estate or Sands Point Preserve is a large estate in Naussau County, New York. It was built for Howard Gould and later for Daniel Guggenheim. The building is like a castle.The architectural style is Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals. 

Several movies have been shot here. Examples include The Godfather (1972), Scent of a Woman (1992), Malcolm X (1992) and Great Expectations (1998).

References

Houses in the United States
Buildings and structures in New York (state)
Gangster film is a type of crime film. It is about gangs and organized crime. It is considered a subgenre of the crime genre. Notable directors in this subgenre are Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, Quentin Tarantino and Brian De Palma. Notable actors in gangster films are Robert De Niro, Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, Joe Pesci, Frank Vincent, Wesley Snipes, Ray Liotta, Christopher Walken, and Samuel L. Jackson.

History in the United States
Early Hollywood 
The first official gangster film was The Regeneration (1915) and the first with sound was The Lights of New York (1928). There were a few notable films in the 1920s and early 1930s, including Scarface (1932), Little Caesar (1931) and The Public Enemy (1931). Films from th e 1930s to 1960s reflected political and cultural views on criminals. Punishment was strict and respect for authority important. Films showed criminals and organized crime as bad things. Several gangster films had warnings before the motion picture. Early films showed criminals as a result or product of society and not rebels. As a result, viewers could sympathize with the criminals. With the growth of the FBI, there were more films about police and government officials hunting criminals. Gangster films were often about trying to deal with crimes and detectives fighting crime.
New Hollywood 
In 1968, the Hays Code that censored inappropriate films was removed. Directors now had more freedom. Some notable gangster films were made after 1968. They include Bonnie and Clyde by Arthur Penn and Mean Streets by Martin Scorcese. The movie starred Robert De Niro. These films began to include move violence and gore.  

In the 1970s, The Godfather films by Francis Ford Coppola showed the Italian-American Mafia in New York. The Godfather is considered one of the best movies of all time. The Godfather movies changed the genre and made the genre more popular. Many films about the Mafia would follow in the 1970s and 1980s. Important films are the Goodfellas and The Untouchables.   

Martin Scorcese has made several gangster films from the 1990s to 2010s. Scorsese often works with Robert De Niro and Joe Pesci. Scorsese has also worked with Leonardo DiCaprio in films like Gangs of New York and The Departed.

AFI's 10 Top 10 Gangster Films
Notable Gangster Films 
For a more complete list of gangster films see List of Gangster Films.

1900s - 1930s 

 Little Caesar (1931)
 The Pubic Enemy (1931)
 Scarface (1932) 
 The Testament of Dr. Mabuse (1933)
 Fury (1936)
 The Roaring Twenties (1939)

1940s - 1960s 

 High Sierra (1941)
 T-Men (1947)
 I Walk Alone (1948)
 White Heat (1949)
 On the Waterfront (1954)
 The Killing (1956) 
 Touch of Evil (1958) 
 Some Like it Hot (1959)
 The League of Gentlemen (1960)
 West Side Story (1961)
 Bonnie and Clyde (1967)
 Point Blank (1967)
 The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967)
 The Italian Job (1969)

1970s 

 The French Connection (1971)
 Get Carter (1971)
 The Godfather (1972)
 Mean Streets (1973)
 The Sting (1973)
 Chinatown (1974)
 The Godfather: Part II (1974)
 Assault On Precinct 13 (1976)
 Bugsy Malone (1976)
 The Warriors (1979)

1980s
1980s 

 The Long Good Friday (1980)
 Scarface (1983)
 The Outsiders (1983)
 Once Upon a Time in America (1984)
 A Better Tomorrow (1986)
 The Untouchables (1987)
 Black Rain (1989)

1990s 

 Goodfellas (1990)
 King of New York (1990)
 Miller's Crossing (1990)
 Boyz n the Hood (1991)
 Reservoir Dogs (1992)
 Léon: The Professional (1994)
 Pulp Fiction (1994)
 Casino (1995)
 Heat (1995)
 The Usual Suspects (1995)

2000s - 2010s 

 Snatch (2000)
 City of God (2002)
 Gangs of New York (2002)
 Road to Perdition (2002) 
 A History of Violence (2005) 
 The Departed (2006)
 American Gangster (2007)
 Eastern Promises (2007) 
 American Hustle (2013) 
 Gangster Squad (2013) 
 John Wick (2014) 
 Widows (2018)
 The Irishman (2019)
 West Side Story (2021)

References
The Warner Animation Group (WAG) is an American animation studio.

2013 establishments in the United States
The Watertown Daily Times is a newspaper in Watertown, New York. It covers Jefferson County, Lewis County, St. Lawrence County and Oswego County. It started in 1861.

The Watertown Daily Times Times makes a lot of different publications, like the NNY Business magazine, the NNY Living magazine, the Journal and Republican of Lowville, the Courier-Observer of Massena and Potsdam and the Oswego County News. All of these publications are published online by NNY360.

The Watertown Daily Times is owned by the Johnson Newspaper Corporation, which owns newspapers across New York. The Johnson Newspaper Corporation also owns The Malone Telegram, The Daily News of Batavia, The Register-Star of Hudson, The Daily Mail of Catskill and the Livingston County News.

The Watertown Daily Times owns the WWNY radio and television stations. The television station is called WWNY-TV, and the radio station is now WTNY.

References

Other websites 

 

Newspapers in the United States
1861 establishments in the United States
"About Damn Time" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Lizzo.  It was released April 12, 2022, through Nice Life and Atlantic Records.  It is the lead single from her second studio album, Special (2022).

The song has so far peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming her second-highest peak in the US, after "Truth Hurts" was at the top of the Hot 100 in 2019.

References 

2022 songs
Lizzo songs
Michael Abney-Hastings (22 July 1942 – 30 June 2012) was featured in the documentary Britains Real Monarch, he moved to Australia when he was 18.

1942 births
2012 deaths
Earls and countesses
Emblems is the fifth album by Matt Pond PA, released in 2004. It contains 12 songs totaling 49 minutes and 51 seconds in length.

Track listing
 "KC" – 2:53
 "Closest (Look Out)" – 4:48
 "Lily Two" – 4:03
 "Bring on the Ending" – 4:14
 "The Butcher" – 4:15
 "New Hampshire" – 4:50
 "Claire" – 3:03
 "Summer (Butcher Two)" – 4:27
 "East Coast E." – 4:00
 "Last Song" – 4:06
 "Grave's Disease" – 4:23
 "Close (KC Two)" – 4:49

2004 albums
Matt Pond PA albums
Matt Pond PA is a New York-based band that was created in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by singer-songwriter Matt Pond. Between 1998 and 2020 they have released numerous songs and records.

Members
Matt Pond – vocals, guitar
 Chris Hansen – guitar, vocals
 Shawn Alpay – cello

Discography

Albums

EPs
I Thought You Were Sleeping (2001)
This Is Not the Green Fury (2001), vinyl only
Four Songs (2004)
Winter Songs (2005)
If You Want Blood (2007)
The Freeep (2008), download only
Spring Fools (2011)
The Natural Lines (2013)
Threeep (2013), download only
Free the Fawns! (2016), download only
Double Freeture (2017), download only
More Winter Lives (2017), download only
Early B-Sides, download only
Songs of Disquiet (2020), download only
This Is Not The State of Gold (2021), download only
Singles
Lily Two/Golden Brown (2004)
Halloween (2005)
Snow Day/Holiday Road (2005)
So Much Trouble (2005)
Sunlight (2007)
People Have a Way (2007)
Starting (2009), vinyl only
Remains (2010), download only
Love To Get Used (2013), promo only
Hole in My Heart (2013), download only
Ruins (2013), download only
Drive with Anya Marina (2017), download only 
Specks (Redux) with Anya Marina (2020), download only

With Chris Hansen
Lebanon, PA (2011)
Free Fall (2018)

Other songs
"Green Shirt" (Elvis Costello cover) from Almost You: The Songs of Elvis Costello (2002)
"Champagne Supernova" (Oasis cover) from The OC: Mix 4 (2005)
"I'm Not Okay" (My Chemical Romance cover) from Guilt by Association Vol. 2 (2008)

References

Other websites
 
 131 Records 
 Matt Pond PA on Patreon
 Matt Pond PA collection at the Internet Archive's live music archive

Musical groups from Philadelphia
Juan Roca Brunet (October 27, 1950 – July 9, 2022) was a Cuban basketball player. He won the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.

Brunet died in Havana, Cuba at the age of 72.

References

1950 births
2022 deaths
Cuban basketball players
Cuban Olympic bronze medalists
Gary Oscar Moeller (; January 26, 1941 – July 11, 2022) was an American football coach. He was head coach at the University of Michigan from 1990 to 1994. During his five seasons at Michigan, he won 44 games, lost 13 and tied 3.

Moeller died on July 11, 2022 at the age of 81.

References

1941 births
2022 deaths
American football linebackers
American football coaches
Sportspeople from Lima, Ohio
The Illinois Fighting Illini football team plays for the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) level. 

The Fighting Illini are one of the first members of the Big Ten Conference. Illinois won five national championships and 15 Big Ten championships.

References

Big Ten Conference
Sports in Illinois
University of Illinois
Monty Norman (born Monty Noserovitch; 4 April 1928 – 11 July 2022) was an English movie composer and singer. He was best known for composing the "James Bond Theme".

Norman died on 11 July 2022 in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 94.

References

1928 births
2022 deaths
English composers
Musicians from London
Singers from London
English guitarists
Conductors
Bioenergetics is the study of energy transfer within living systems. For living organisms to function, they must transfer energy within their systems and between other organisms. These transfers happen following the Laws of Bioenergetics, which are themselves restatements of laws of thermodynamics. 

The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. The total amount of energy must remain constant. Organisms cannot create energy, merely transform it from one form to another. For instance, plants do not create energy through photosynthesis, they convert energy from the sun into stored energy in food that can the be used to perform life functions.
In living organisms, the molecule that is the source of the stored energy used for cell functions comes in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate, or ATP. The energy is stored in the bonds between the phosphates in the ATP. When energy is needed to do work, for instance moving materials across the cell membrane or for chemical reactions, the bonds are broken and energy is released. Cells therefore have to produce the ATP through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

References 

Biology