Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Carrión JS. 2003. Sobresaltos en el bosque mediterráneo: Incidencia de las perturbaciones observables en una escala paleoecológica. Ecosistemas
 2004
 Carrión JS, Yll EI, Willis KJ, Sánchez-Gómez P. 2004. Holocene forest history of the eastern plateaux in the Segura Mountains (Murcia, southeastern Spain). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 132, 219-236
 2005
 Carrión JS, Gil-Romera G, Arribas A, Rodríguez E, García-Antón M. 2005. Palynology of badger coprolites from Central Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 226, 259-271
 2006
 Carrión JS, Scott L, Marais E. 2006. Environmental implications of pollen spectra in bat droppings from south-eastern Spain and potential for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 140, 175-186
Finlayson C, Giles Pacheco F, Rodríguez-Vidal J, Fa D, Gutiérrez JM, Santiago A, Finlayson G, Allué E, Baena J, Cáceres I, Carrión JS, Fernández Jalvo Y, Gleed Owen CP, Jiménez Espejo F, López P, López Sáez JA, Riquelme JA, Sánchez Marco A, Giles Guzmán F, Brown K, Fuentes N, Valarino C, Villalpando A, Stringer CB, Martínez Ruíz F, Sakamoto T. 2006. Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe. Nature 443, 850-853
 2007
 Carrión JS, Scott L, Arribas A, Montoya E, Gil G. 2007. Pleistocene landscapes in central Iberia inferred from pollen analysis of hyena coprolitos. Journal of Quaternary Science 22, 191-202
Fernández S, Carrión JS, Fuentes N, González-Sampériz P, Montoya E, Gil Romera G, Vega Toscano LG, Riquelme JA. 2007. Palynology of Carihuela Cave, southern Spain: completing the record. Geobios 40: 75-90
 López de Heredia U, Carrión JS, Jiménez P, Collada C, Gil L. 2007. Molecular and palaeobotanical evidences of multiple glacial refugia for evergreen oaks in the Iberian Peninsula. Journal of Biogeography 34, 1505-1517
 Finlayson C, Carrión JS. 2007. Rapid ecological turnover and its impact on Neanderthal and other human populations. Trends in Ecology and Evolution (Review) 22, 213-222
 Carrión JS, Fuentes N, González Sampériz P, Sánchez Quirante L, Finlayson JC, Fernández S, Andrade A. 2007. Holocene environmental change in a montane region of southern Europe with a long history of human settlement. Quaternary Science Reviews 26, 1455-1475
Carrión JS, Finlayson C, Finlayson G, Fernández S, Allué E, López-Sáez A, López-García P, Fuentes N, Gil G, González-Sampériz P. 2008. A coastal reservoir of biodiversity for Upper Pleistocene human populations. Quaternary Science Reviews 27, 2118-2135.
 2008
 Carrión JS, Fernández S, González-Sampériz P, Leroy SAG, López-Sáez JA, Burjachs F, Gil-Romera G, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Antón M, Gil-García MJ, Parra I, Santos L, López-García P, Yll EI, Dupré M. 2009. Sterility cases and causes in Quaternary pollen analysis in the Iberian Peninsula: the advantages of reporting bad luck. Internet Archaeology. http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue25/5/toc.html
 López-Merino L, López-Sáez JA, Alba-Sánchez F, Pérez-Díaz S, Carrión JS. 2009. 2000 years of pastoralism and fire shaping high-altitude vegetation of Sierra de Gredos in central Spain. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 158, 42-51
 2009
2009
 Carrión JS, Fernández S. 2009. Taxonomic depletions and ecological disruption of the Iberian flora over 65 million years. Journal of Biogeography 36, 2023-2024
 Carrión JS, Fernández S. 2009. The survival of the ‘natural potential vegetation’ concept (or the power of tradition). Journal of Biogeography 36, 2202-2203
 Arribas A, Garrido G, Viseras C, Soria JM, Pla S, Solano JG, Garcés M, Beamud E, Carrión JS. 2009. A mammalian Lost World in southwest Europe during the Late Pliocene. PLOS ONE 4 (9): e7127. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007127
 2010
 Carrión JS, Fernández S, Jiménez-Moreno G, Fauquette S, Gil-Romera G, González-Sampériz P, Finlayson C. 2010. The origin of the “Near West” dry lands. Journal of Arid Environments 74, 731-736
 Gil-Romera G, Carrión JS, Pausas J, Fernández S, Burjachs F. 2010. Holocene fire activity and vegetation response in South-Eastern Iberia. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 1082-1092
Carrión JS, Leroy S. 2010. Iberian floras through time: land of diversity and survival. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162: 227-230. Special issue: Carrión JS, Leroy S (Eds), Iberian Floras through Time: Land of Diversity and Survival.
 González-Sampériz P, Leroy S, Carrión JS, García-Antón M, Gil-García MJ, Figueiral I. 2010. Steppes, savannahs and botanic gardens during the Pleistocene. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162: 427-457. Special issue: Carrión JS, Leroy S (Eds), Iberian Floras through Time: Land of Diversity and Survival
 Carrión JS, Fernández S, González-Sampériz P, Gil-Romera G, Badal E, Carrión-Marco Y, López-Merino L, López-Sáez JA, Fierro E, Burjachs F. 2010. Expected trends and surprises in the Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation history of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162: 458-475. Special issue: Carrión JS, Leroy S (Eds), Iberian Floras through Time: Land of Diversity and Survival
Carrión JS. 2010. The concepts of potential natural vegetation and other abstractions (trying to pick up fish with wet hands). Journal of Biogeography 37: 2209-2215. 
 2011
 Carrión JS, Rose J, Stringer C. 2011. Early human evolution in the western Palaearctic: ecological scenarios. Quaternary Science Reviews 30, 1281-1295.
 Anderson S, Jiménez-Moreno G, Carrión JS, Pérez-Martínez C. 2011. Postglacial history of alpine vegetation, fire, and climate from Laguna de Río Seco, Sierra Nevada, southern Spain. Quaternary Science Reviews 13-14, 1615-1629
 Finlayson C, Carrión JS, Brown K, Finlayson G, Sánchez-Marco A, Fa D, Rodríguez-Vidal J, Giles-Pacheco F, Fernández S, Fierro E, Bernal-Gómez M. 2011. The Homo habitat niche: using the avian fossil record to depict ecological characteristics of Palaeolithic Eurasian hominins. Quaternary Science Reviews 30, 1525-1532.
Finlayson C, Monclova A, Carrión JS, Fa D, Finlayson G, Rodríguez-Vidal J, Fierro E, Fernández S, Bernal-Gómez M, Giles-Pacheco, F. 2012. Ecological transitions– but for whom? A perspective from the Pleistocene. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 330, 1-9
 2012
 Cortés M, Jiménez-Espejo F, Simón Vallejo MD, Gibaja JF, Carvalho AF, Martínez Ruiz F, Rodrigo Gamiz M, Flores JA, López JA, Peña Chocarro L, Carrión JS, Morales A, Roselló E, Riquelme JA, Dean RM, Salgueiro E, Martínez Sánchez RM, De la Rubia JJ, Lozano MC, Vera JL, Bicho NF. 2012. The Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in southern Iberia. Quaternary Research 77, 221-234
 Finlayson C, Brown K, Blasco R, Rosell J, Negro JJ, Bortolotti GR, Finlayson G, Sánchez-Marco A, Giles Pacheco F, Rodríguez-Vidal J, Carrión JS, Fa DA, Rodríguez-Llanes JM. 2012. Birds of a feather: Neanderthal exploitation of raptors and corvids. PLoS ONE 7 (9) e45927
Daura J, Sanz M, García N, Allué E, Vaquero M, Fierro E, Carrión JS, López-García JM, Blain HA, Sánchez-Marco A, Valls C, Albert RM, Fornós JJ, Julià R, Fullola JM, Zilhao J. 2012. Terrases de la Riera dels Canyars (Barcelona, Spain): the landscape of Heinrich Stadial 4 north of the “Ebro Frontier” and implications for modern human dispersal into Iberia. Quaternary Science Reviews 60, 26-48
 2013
 Jiménez-Espejo F, Rodríguez Vidal J, Finlayson C, Martínez Ruiz F, Carrión JS, Cortés M, Rodrigo M, González Donoso JM, Cáceres LM, Fernández S, Iijima K, Martínez Aguirre A. 2013. Environmental conditions and geomorphologic changes during the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic in the southern Iberian Peninsula. Geomorphology 181, 205-216
 Blain H-A, Gleed-Owen CP, López-García JM, Carrión JS, Jennings R, Finlayson G, Finlayson C, Giles-Pacheco F. 2013. Climatic conditions for the last Neanderthals: herpetofaunal record of Gorham´s Cave at Gibraltar. Journal of Human Evolution 64, 289-299
Rodríguez-Vidal J., Finlayson G, Finlayson CJ, Negro JJ, Fa D, Carrión JS. 2013. Undrowning a lost world. The Marine Isotope Stage 3 landscape of Gibraltar. Geomorphology 203, 105-114
 Aranbarri J, González-Sampériz P, Valero-Garcés B, Moreno A, Gil-Romera G, Sevilla M, García Prieto E, Di Rita F, Mata P, Morellón M, Magri D, Rodríguez Lázaro J, Carrión JS, 2014. Rapid climatic changes and resilient vegetation during the Lateglacial and Holocene in a continental region of south-western Europe. Global and Planetary Change 114, 50-65
 2014
 Navarro-Hervás F, Ros-Salas M, Rodríguez-Estrella T, Fierro E, Carrión JS, García-Veigas J, Flores JA, Bárcena MA, García MS. 2014. Evaporite evidence of a mid-Holocene (c. 4550-4400 cal BP) aridity crisis in southwestern Europe and palaeoenvironmental consequences. The Holocene 24, 489-502
Gil-Romera G, González-Sampériz P, Lasheras L, Sevilla M, Moreno A, Valero-Garcés B, López-Merino L, Carrión JS, Pérez Sanz A, Aranbarri J, García-Prieto E. 2014. Biomass-modulated fire dynamics during the last glacial-interglacial transition at the Central Pyrenees (Spain). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 402, 113-124
 Rodríguez Vidal J, d`Errico F, Giles F, Blasco R, Rosell J, Jennings R, Queffelec A, Finlayson G, Fa D, Gutiérrez JM, Carrión JS, Negro JJ, Finlayson S, Cáceres LM, Bernal MA, Fernández S, Finlayson C. 2014. A rock engraving made by Neanderthals in Gibraltar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (PNAS) 111, 13301-13306
 Tarroso P, Carrión JS, Dorado-Valiño M, Queiroz P, Santos L, Valdeolmillos A, Célio P, Cheddadi R. 2014. Spatial climate dynamics in the Iberian Peninsula since 15000 yr BP. Climate Dynamics 10, 3901-3930
 2015
2015
 Jiménez-Moreno G, Rodríguez-Ramírez A, Pérez-Asensio N, Carrión JS, López-Sáez JA. 2015. Late Holocene aridification trend and climate variability in the Western Mediterranean Area. The Holocene 25, 607-627
 Marais E, Scott L, Gil-Romera G, Carrión JS. 2015. The potential of palynology in fossil bat-dung in southern Africa: a historical perspective. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 70, 103-109
 Monge G, Jiménez Espejo, García Alix A, Martínez Ruiz F, Mattielli N, Finlayson C, Ohkouchi N, Cortés M, Bermúdez de Castro JM, Blasco R, Rosell J, Carrión JS, Rodríguez Vidal J, Finlayson G, Carbonell E. 2015. Earliest evidence of pollution by heavy metals in archaeological sites. Scientific Reports 5, article number 14252
 Carrión JS. 2015. El poder de movimiento y supervivencia de las plantas: un enfoque paleobotánico. MATADOR. Revista de Cultura, Ideas y Tendencias 1995-2022 (diciembre)
 2016
2016
 Manzano S, Carrión JS, López-Merino L, González-Sampériz P, Munuera M, Fernández S, Martín-Lerma I, Gómez Ferreras MC. 2016. Mountain strongholds for woody angiosperms during the Late Pleistocene in SE Iberia. Catena 701-712.
 Ramos-Román MJ, Jiménez-Moreno G, Anderson RS, García-Alix A, Toney JL, Jiménez-Espejo FJ, Carrión JS. 2016. Centennial-scale vegetation and North Atlantic Oscillation changes during the Late Holocene in the western Mediterranean. Quaternary Science Reviews 143, 84-95
 Munuera M, Carrión JS. 2016. Forensic palynology: checking value of pollen analysis as a tool to identify crime scene in semiarid environments. In: Kars H, van den Eijkel L (eds.), Soil in criminal and environmental forensics, Springer Nature, Amsterdam, p. 15-24
 Tarroso P, Carrión JS, Dorado-Valiño M, Queiroz P, Santos L, Valdeolmillos A, Célio P, Cheddadi R. 2016. Spatial climate dynamics in the Iberian Peninsula since 15000 yr BP. Climate of the Past 12, 1137-1149
Uzquiano P, Ruiz-Zapata MB, Gil García MJ, Fernández S, Carrión JS. 2016. Late Quaternary developments of Mediterranean oaks in the Atlantic domain of the Iberian Peninsula: the case of the Cantabrian region (N Spain). Quaternary Science Reviews 153, 63-77
 2017
 Morales C, Colombaroli D, Valbuena-Carabaña M, Tinner W, Salomón R, Carrión JS, Gil L. 2017. Land-use history as a major driver for long-term forest dynamics in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (central Spain) during the last millennia: implications for forest conservation and management. Global and Planetary Change 152, 64-75
Daura J, Sanz M, Allué E, Vaquero M, López-García JM, Julià R, Ortiz E, Sánchez Marco A, Skinner AR, Domenech R, Martinell J, Arnold LJ, Carrión JS. 2017. Cova del Coll Verdaguer (Cervelló, Barcelona): the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the MIS 3 based on a terrestrial archive and the implications for the last Neanderthals´s landscape in the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. Quaternary Science Reviews 177, 34-56
 Carrión JS. 2017. Los Neandertales en el estuario de la evolución humana. Contar la ciencia. Fundación Séneca. http://fseneca.es/los-neandertales-en-el-estuario-de-la-evolucion-humana? utm_medium=email&utm_source=fsplus_newsletter& utm_campaign =N%C3%BAmero+5&utm_content=articulo_titulo
Books 
 Carrión JS, Navarro C, Munuera M, Sáez F, Guerra J, Cano MJ. 1997. Manual descriptivo de cormófitos. Diego Marín Editor, Murcia
 Munuera M, Carrión JS, Navarro C, Orts L, Espín A, Sáez F, García-Sellés J. 2001. Polen y alergias. Guía de las plantas de polen alergógeno de la Región de Murcia y España. Diego Marín Editor, Murcia
 Carrión JS. 2003. Evolución Vegetal. Diego Marín Editor, Murcia
 Carrión JS, Fernández S, Fuentes N (Eds). 2006. Paleoambientes y Cambio Climático. Quaderna. Fundación Séneca, Agencia Regional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Murcia
 Devesa JA, Carrión JS. Angiospermas. Apuntes sobre su origen, clasificación y diversidad. 2012. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Servicio Publicaciones de la Universidad de Córdoba.
Carrión JS (coord.). Autores: Carrión JS, Fernández S, González-Sampériz P, López-Merino L, Peña L, Burjachs F, López-Sáez JA, García-Antón M, Carrión Marco Y, Uzquiano P, Postigo JM, Barrón E, Allué E, Badal E, Dupré M, Fierro E, Munuera M, Rubiales JM, García Amorena I, Jiménez Moreno G, Gil Romera G, Leroy S, García-Martínez MS, Montoya E, Fletcher W, Yll E, Vieira M, Rodríguez-Ariza MO, Anderson S, Peñalba C, Gil García MJ, Pérez Sanz, A, Albert RM, Díez MJ, Morales C, Gómez Manzaneque F, Parra I, Ruiz Zapata B, Riera S, Zapata L, Ejarque A, Vegas T, Rull V, Scott L, Andrade A, Pérez Díaz S, Abel Schaad D, Moreno E, Hernández-Mateo L, Sánchez Baena JJ, Riquelme JA, Iglesias R, Franco F, Chaín C, Figueiral I, Grau E, Matos M, Jiménez Espejo F, Arribas A, Garrido G, Finlayson G, Finlayson C, Ruiz M, Pérez Jordá G, Miras Y. 2012. Paleoflora y Paleovegetación de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares: Plioceno-Cuaternario. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Madrid. http://dl.dropbox
. http://dl.dropbox.com/u/40635865/PALEOFLORA/INICIO.html
Carrión JS. 2015. Extinciones y excepciones: el poder de la rareza en evolución. Servicio de Publicaciones, University of Murcia.
 Carrión JS. 2016. Planeta Universidad. Editum, Especial Centenario Universidad de Murcia. .
 Carrión JS. 2017. Hipocampo. Poemas. Lulu.Com. 
 Devesa JA, Carrión JS. Angiospermas. Apuntes sobre su origen, clasificación y diversidad. 2017 (segunda edición). Servicio Publicaciones de la Universidad de Córdoba.
Poetry 
Author of the book Hipocampo (Poemas).

Dystonia 
José S Carrión has been known in the neurological community for his success to deal with dystonia, a rare neurological disorder. He was treated through the Dr. Joaquín Farias technique.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 
 https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCq0W0ROuORGH-4ZgHHCDb4A?view_as=subscriber

Dissertation to the King of Spain on the occasion of the opening of the university course(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPyy7c0czao)

1962 births
Living people
Spanish scientists
Spanish writers
People from the Region of Murcia
The domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is a long-haired domesticated bovid found throughout the Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent, the Tibetan Plateau and as far north as Mongolia and Russia. It is descended from the wild yak (Bos mutus).

References

Yak, Domestic
Domesticated animals
Yak, Domestic
Yak, Domestic
Hackbridge railway station is a train station at Hackbridge in the London Borough of Sutton in South London. The station is served by Southern and Thameslink. It is in Fare zone 4.

Platforms 
There are two platforms at this station. Platform 1 is for northbound trains to London Victoria and St Albans (via St Pancras International). Platform 2 is for  southbound trains to Sutton and Epsom.

Frequency

Up (Northbound) 
 2tph to London Victoria - Southern
 2tph to St Albans (on Sundays this service terminates at London Blackfriars) - Thameslink

Down (Southbound) 
 2tph to Epsom - Southern
 2tph to Sutton - Thameslink

At peak hours, services run as far as Bedford, Luton, Dorking and Horsham.

Departures

Buses 
London Buses route 151 serve this station.

References

Other websites 
 Hackbridge station information

Railway stations in London
1868 establishments in the United Kingdom
1860s establishments in England
Railway stations opened in 1868
Daniel Defoe (13 September 1660 – 24 April 1731) was a trader, writer, and journalist from England. His best known work is the novel Robinson Crusoe. In some languages, it is the number 2 bestseller, after the Bible.

References

1660 births
1731 deaths
English children's writers
White Americans are citizens of the United States who are white people. They are  Americans who have light-colored skin. This is the largest ad most common ethnic group in the country. .

In 2010, 70% of the people living in the United States said they were either white or White Hispanics. About 60% of the United States population was white people who were not Hispanic.

The White American population includes European Americans and non-European people such as Arabs, North Africans, Jews, Persians and other Middle Eastern people. It also includes Hispanic groups such as Mexicans and Cubans. 

The white population in the United States has been getting smaller. More white people have died than have been born in most states.

Related pages 
European Americans
White Hispanic and Latino Americans
White Americans in California

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Carson James Wentz (born December 30, 1992) is an American football quarterback. He plays for the Washington Commanders  in the National Football League (NFL).

He was drafted in the first round of the 2016 NFL draft. He played his first NFL game in 2016. In his first year he passed for 3,782 yards and 16 touchdowns, 14 Interceptions. His team the Eagles finished the year 7–9 and missed the playoffs. In his second year he had good season 3,296	yards and 33 touchdowns and 7 Interceptions. He was seen as an MVP candidate. The. In week 14 Wentz injured his knee against the Los Angeles Rams.

References

Philadelphia Eagles players
American football quarterbacks
1992 births
Living people
Romani Americans are people in the United States who are Romani. Their ancestors mainly came to the United States from Eastern Europe during the 19th  and 20th centuries. It is estimated that there are one million Romani people in the United States. They are also known as American Gypsies.

History
Spain shipped Romani slaves to Louisiana. An Afro-Romani community exists in St. Martin Parish due to intermarriage of freed Africans and Romani slaves. Romanichal and British Roma were enslaved in the Southern United States. Massive Roma migration from Europe began in the nineteenth century. Most were Romanichal. Many resided in Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia. They were mostly horse traders.

Groups
They are different Roma groups in the USA, with different religions. Majority are Christian Dasikane Roma (Roma Gypsy has nothing to do with Romanians)  from Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Spain, and few Muslim Xoraxane Roma from former Ex-Yugoslavia.
Settlements
The Roma are concentrated in large cities such Chicago and Los Angeles and states such as New York, Virginia, Illinois, Texas, and Massachusets.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Roma
Banana squash is an edible squash, or gourd, in the Cucurbita family. developed from the butternut squash, a type of winter squash. Its name was given for its elongated shape and yellow colour. 

Like the butternut squash, it has a potato-like texture and seeds in the middle. It is classified as a fruit because it has seeds. Its mild flesh can be either sweet or savoury.

Gallery

References 

Cucurbitaceae
Fruits
Carl Emil Christiansen (31 December 1937 – 15 January 2018) was a Danish football player.

Christiansen played 313 games and scored 112 goals for Esbjerg fB in Denmark. He was the top goalscorer of the 1962 Danish football championship, and played two games and scored one goal for the Denmark national football team.

References

Other websites
Danish national team profile
 Esbjerg fB profile

1937 births
2018 deaths
Danish footballers
Danish football managers
Ostafrikasaurus was a carnivorous theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of southeastern Tanzania. It is known only from a fossil tooth that is  long. Paleontologist Eric Buffetaut claims it is the oldest evidence of a Spinosaurid dinosaur (a type of crocodile-like dinosaur that ate fish); It appeared 148 million years ago.

References 

Spinosauridae
Jurassic dinosaurs
Olivia Carlena Cole (November 26, 1942 – January 19, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in Memphis, Tennessee. Her career began in 1954 and ended when she retired in 2011. Cole won an Emmy Award for her role as Chicken George's wife, Matilda in the 1977 miniseries Roots. She was also known for her role as Maggie Rogers in the 1979 miniseries Backstairs at the White House.

Cole died at the age of 75 at her home in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico on January 19, 2018, after a heart attack.

References

Other websites

Emmy Award winning actors
1942 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Memphis, Tennessee
Marcos José Carvajal (; 19 August 1984 – 24 January 2018) was a Venezuelan relief pitcher. He played for the Colorado Rockies and Florida Marlins of Major League Baseball.

Carvajal died of pneumonia on January 24, 2018 in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela at the age of 33.

References

Other websites
Retrosheet
Pura Pelota Venezuelan Winter League statistics
The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia – Gary Gillette, Peter Gammons, Pete Palmer. Publisher: Sterling Publishing, 2005. Format: Paperback, 1824pp. Language: English. 

1984 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Colorado Rockies players
Florida Marlins players
Venezuelan baseball players
Gonzalo Justo Facio Segreda (28 March 1918 – 24 January 2018) was a Costa Rican lawyer, politician, and diplomat. He was born in San José, Costa Rica. 

Facio Segreda served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1970 to 1978, as President of the Legislative Assembly from 1953 to 1956, and later served as Ambassador to the United States from 1956 to 1958, again from 1962 to 1966 and again from 1990 to 1994.

Facio Segreda died on 24 January 2018 of pneumonia complicated by Alzheimer's disease in Escazu, Costa Rica at the age of 99.

References

1918 births
2018 deaths
Lawyers
Diplomats
Ambassadors to the United States
Costa Rican politicians
Renaud Gagneux (15 May 1947 – 24 January 2018) was a French composer. He was born in Paris. Gagneux studied piano with Alfred Cortot and composition with Henri Dutilleux at the École Normale in Paris. In 1966 he went to Cologne to study composition with Karlheinz Stockhausen, then with André Jolivet and Olivier Messiaen at the Conservatoire de Paris. 

In 1972 he joined the Groupe de Recherches Musicales de l'ORTF. His many prizes include the Sacem Grand Prix for chamber music (1977), the Prix Georges Enesco (1983), the Prize for New Talent from the SACD (1989), the Composers' Prize of the Sacem (1990), and the SACEM Grand Prix 1993 for his works overall.

Gagneux died in Paris on 24 January 2018 of ALS-related complications at the age of 70.

References

Other websites
Composer website 
Details on Requiem

1947 births
2018 deaths
21st-century French composers
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Disease-related deaths in France
20th-century French composers
Writers from Paris
The Bristol stool scale is a medical diagnosis tool used by doctors to classify the way feces looks into 7 different categories. It is also known by the names, Bristol stool chart and Bristol stool form scale.

It was developed at Bristol Royal Infirmary in 1997 as a clinical assessment tool, but is also used to help with patients who can't speak, so that they can show their doctor if they have a problem with their bowels (a clinical communication aid). It's also used to help diagnose Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Understanding the scale

The seven types of feces described by the scale are:

Type 1: Separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass)
Type 2: Sausage-shaped, but lumpy
Type 3: Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface
Type 4: Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft
Type 5: Soft blobs with clear cut edges (passed easily)
Type 6: Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool
Type 7: Watery, no solid pieces, entirely liquid

References

Gastroenterology
Physiology
Medical tests
Frank Joseph Varrichione (pronounced "Vair-akee-oh'-nee," January 14, 1932 – January 6, 2018) was an American athlete. He was born in Natick, Massachusetts. He played eleven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1955 through 1960 and with the Los Angeles Rams from 1961 to 1965.

Varrichione died on January 6, 2018 in Framingham, Massachusetts of skin cancer at the age of 85.

References

1932 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from skin cancer
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Los Angeles Rams players
Sportspeople from Massachusetts
Neagu Djuvara (; August 18, 1916 – January 25, 2018) was a Romanian historian, essayist, philosopher, journalist, novelist and diplomat. He was born in Bucharest. Djuvara was an active contributor to Radio Free Europe. Between 1991 and 1998, he was an Associate Professor at the University of Bucharest. During the early 1990s, he was a noted critic of Romanian political developments.

Djuvara died in Bucharest of pneumonia on January 25, 2018 at the age of 101.

References

Other websites 
 Page at the Humanitas site

1916 births
2018 deaths
Romanian historians
Romanian essayists‎
Romanian philosophers
Centenarians
Romanian journalists
Romanian novelists
Romanian diplomats
Writers from Bucharest
Romanian activists
Lyudmila Petrovna Senchina (;  13 December 1950, – 25 January 2018) was a Soviet, Ukrainian and Russian singer (soprano). 

She was also an actress, appearing in Armed and Dangerous (), in which Lyudmila performed a female lead role.

Works 
Senchina was known for her songs Cinderella and  Pebbles (),  Stones  (),  Love and Separation  (),  White Acacia  (),  Birthday  (),  White Dance  (),  Field Flowers  ().

Awards 
In 1979 she was awarded the title of Meritorious Artist of the RSFSR and in 2002 the title of People's Artist of Russia. Merited Artist of Ukraine (2003).

Senchina died on 25 January 2018 in a hospital in St. Petersburg of pancreatic cancer at the age of 67.

References

1950 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Russia
Russian singers
Russian movie actors
Soviet singers
Soviet movie actors
Ukrainian singers
Patrick Kayumbu Mazimhaka (26 April 1948 – 25 January 2018) was a Rwandan politician. He was the former Deputy Chairperson of the African Union's African Commission. Mazimhaka was born in Rwanda. He was elected the Deputy Chairperson of the African Union Commission in July 2003 held in Maputo, Mozambique, and held the office until 6 February 2008. He was, until his election, the Senior Presidential Advisor to the President of Rwanda on the Great Lakes Region. 

Mazimhaka died in Delhi, India on 25 January 2018 at the age of 69.

References

Further reading
 describes Mazimhaka's 1999 recollection of Colonel Theoneste Bagosura's intention at the time of the Arusha accord to plan "Apocalypse deux".

1948 births
2018 deaths
Rwandan politicians
Gustav Gerneth (15 October 1905? – 22 October 2019) was a German World War II-veteran and claimed to be the oldest person ever to have been born and die in Germany, (excluding emigrants), as well as the oldest living man in the world at the time of his death. However, his age is not validated by Guinness World Records and Gerontology Research Group.

Gerneth worked in a shipping company and at a gas plant during World War II. He was a Russian prisoner-of-war until 1947 when he was released from imprisonment. He married his wife Charlotte (died in 1988) in 1930 and the couple had three sons, all of whom now deceased.
If his claimed age is true, Gerneth became the oldest living man in Europe after Spaniard Francisco Núñez-Olivera's death on 29 January 2018, and later also the first German person to become 113 and 114 years old as well as the oldest living man in the world on 19 January 2019 after the death of Japaneseman Masazo Nonaka, who became the oldest living man after Núñez-Olivera's death (Nonaka died on 20 January Japanese time). Nonaka and Gerneth were, after the death of Americanman Richard Overton (also a World War II-veteran) on 27 December 2018, the last two living men born before 1907.

Gerneth lived in Saxony-Anhalt in the same brick house with steep entrance stairs for over 40 years, before his death just a week after celebrating his claimed 114th birthday.

References

1905 births
2019 deaths
German centenarians
Supercentenarians
People from Szczecin
Megalosauroidea is a group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs. They lived from the Middle Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous period. Members of the group include Spinosaurus, Megalosaurus, and Torvosaurus.

Classification 
The definition of the clade Megalosauroidea includes Megalosaurus bucklandii and all taxa that share a more recent common ancestor with it than they do with Allosaurus fragilis or the House Sparrow.

Here is a cladogram showing the relationships between different members of Megalosauroidea. It is based on a study by Carrano, Benson & Sampson (2012).

References 

Theropods
A revenue division is an administrative division of some of the Indian states. It is a geographic area covering many mandals (taluks). These mandals consists of villages. A revenue division is headed by a Revenue Divisional Officer.

References

Local government in India
Alipurduar district is a district in West Bengal, India. The headquarters of this district is Alipurduar city. This district was created in the year of 2014. This is the 20th district of West Bengal. The largest clan of Oraon people in all the settlement of Oraon dominated villages and towns in Alipurduar and Jalpaiguri district is Lakhra clan.

The district contains nine census towns and rural areas of 66 gram panchayats. These are under six community development blocks: Madarihat - Birpara, Alipurduar I, Alipurduar II, Falakata, Kalchini and Kumargram.

The nine census towns are Paschim Jitpur, Chechakhata, Alipurduar Railway Junction, Bholar Dabri, Sobhaganj, Falakata, Jaygaon and Uttar Latabari and Uttar Kamakhyaguri.

References

Districts of West Bengal
Purba Bardhaman district is a newly created district of West Bengal. Bardhaman district of West Bengal was divided into two new districts. These were named Purba Bardhaman district and Paschim Bardhaman district. This district has its headquarters at Bardhaman city.

Demographics
As of the 2011 Census of India, Purba Bardhaman district had a total population of 4,835,532. There were 2,469,310 (51%) males and 2,366,222 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 509,855.

References

Districts of West Bengal
Kolkata district is an administrative district of West Bengal. The city of Kolkata is headquarters of the district.

Demographics 
According to the 2011 census of India, Kolkata district has a population of 4,486,679.This gives it a ranking of 35th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of .

References

Districts of West Bengal
Aditi Sajwan (born 12 February 1992 in Dehradun, India) is an Indian television soap opera actress. She made her acting debut in Zee TV's Meri Doli Tere Angana. After she entered Imagine TV's Rajkumaar Aaryan to play the role of Mayasheen, she played Yashoda in Jai Shri Krishna and she was seen in Meera as Meera , She was last seen on television Show Chidiya Ghar as Koyal.

Career
Sajwan n.k has all her life lived in different states of India as her father Pradeep Shingh Sajwan had a transferrable job. She was born in Dehradun, India. Her mother, Vineeta Sajwan, is a housewife. Her younger brother is a student. Her sister is a corporate anchor by profession. Sajwan is a trends Bharata Natyam and Kathak dancer. She is also a singer. She moved to Mumbai to pursue her career as an actor. She completed her BMM degree from Mumbai itself along with her acting.

References

Indian television actors
Living people
1991 births
Stephen Edward Foster (30 September 1946 – 25 January 2018), better known as Steve Foster, was an Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist and banjo and harmonica player. He was born in Murray Bridge, South Australia. 

Foster's career had mostly been as a solo artist, but he has led some very successful bands as well including Inkase, Alcheringa, Head First and Limited Edition. He was the opening act on the Brian Cadd & the Bootleg Family Australian tour 1972-1973. He performed in The Mount Lofty Rangers.

In September 1972, was the release of Foster's award-winning debut solo album Coming Home In A Jar on the Bootleg Label.

In 1995 Forever Blue, a co-write with Graham Goble, first recorded by Little River Band in 1986 on the album No Reins, the last album recorded with John Farnham became a huge hit in Europe, rising into the Top 10.

Foster was an Australia Day Ambassador. He traveled each year to visit councils across South Australia to perform and explain what it means to be a proud Australian.
Foster died on 25 January 2018, in Adelaide, Australia of lung cancer at the age of 71.

References

Other websites
stevefostermusic.com 
stevefoster.info 
Steve Foster & Blackwood County Bluegrass Ensemble (MySpace)
Steve Foster & The OCQ (MySpace)
Steve Foster & Blackwood County Bluegrass Ensemble (Triple J Unearthed)
Steve Foster & The OCQ (Triple J Unearthed)

1946 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Australia
Australian singer-songwriters
Australian guitarists
Australian folk musicians
Australian pop musicians
Australian pop singers
Australian rock musicians
Australian rock singers
Banjo players
Musicians from South Australia
Jeffrey William Colyer (born June 3, 1960) is an American surgeon and politician. On January 31, 2018, he became the 47th Governor of Kansas. Before, he was the 49th Lieutenant Governor of Kansas serving under Governor Sam Brownback. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was a member of the Kansas Senate (2009–2011) and of the Kansas House of Representatives (2007–2009).

Colyer was a White House Fellow under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. He worked in international affairs.

On January 24, 2018, Vice President Mike Pence broke a 49-49 tie vote to make Governor Brownback the United States Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom. Governor Brownback resigned on January 25, 2018 to serve as the ambassador, thus making Colyer the designate governor.

On August 14, 2018, Colyer lost the Republican nomination to Secretary of State Kris Kobach for Governor in the 2018 election by 345 votes.

References

Other websites
Project Vote Smart profile
 Campaign contributions: 2006, 2008
1960 births
Living people
American physicians
Governors of Kansas
Lieutenant Governors of Kansas
Republican Party (United States) politicians
21st-century American politicians

Kansas Republicans
Elephant polo is a variant of polo. It is played whilst riding elephants. It is played in Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.

Polo
Sport in India
Sport in Nepal
Sport in Sri Lanka
Sport in Thailand
Ikyawann is a 2017 Indian television series, which is broadcast on Star Plus and stream on Hotstar. The show is  premiered on 13 November 2017.The Show is Going Off Air on 1 June 2018 and it will get replaced by Sabse Smart Kaun.

Plot
The story of the show centers around a diffident girl, Susheel, 51st child of the Parekh family. A road accident kills all the female members of Parekh family except Susheel's mother. Avni gives birth to Susheel but dies. The accident was planned by Leela, Kiran's mother, who wants revenge for her daughter. Otherside, Satya is the grandson of Leela. The story follows these two main characters as they fall in love and try to overcome their personal and family problems.

Cast and characters

Main
 Prachi Tehlan as Susheel Parekh
 Namish Taneja as Satya Ajmera
Recurring
 Priyank Tatariya as Mehul Parekh
 Anwar Fatehan as Banke Parekh
 Kavita Vaid as Leela Ajmera
 Nabeel Ahmed as Vishu Ajmera
 Neha Yadav as Sejal Ajmera
 Pallavi Bharti as Dr. Kali Ajmera
 Puneet Panjwani as Naresh Parekh
 Jai Vats as Nitish Parekh
 Komal Dhillon as Kiran Ajmera
 Akshitta Arora as Jhano

References

Other websites 
 Ikyawann Streaming on Hotstar

Hindi-language television series
2017 Indian television series debuts
2018 television series endings
2018 disestablishments in India
The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between an amino acid and a reducing sugar that gives browned food its distinctive flavor. Seared steaks, pan-fried dumplings, cookies and other kinds of biscuits, breads, toasted marshmallows, as well as many other foods, undergo this reaction.

The reactive carbonyl group of the sugar reacts with the nucleophilic amino group of the amino acid, and forms a complex mixture of poorly characterized molecules responsible for a range of aromas and flavors. At higher temperatures, caramelization and subsequently pyrolysis become more pronounced.

Organic reactions
Arang Kel is a village, tourist spot and a hill station located in Neelum valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located at a height of 8,379 feet (2,554 m).

Hill stations in Pakistan
Villages in Azad Kashmir
Elizabeth Hawley (November 9, 1923 – January 26, 2018) was an American journalist and chronicler of Himalayan expeditions. Hawley was born in Chicago, Illinois.

She was studied at the University of Michigan. She moved to Nepal after giving up her job as a researcher for Fortune magazine in New York and visiting Kathmandu on a round-the-world trip.

She found work with the Reuters news agency covering mountaineering news, including the 1963 American expedition that was the first from the United States to traverse Mount Everest.

Hawley died on 26 January 2018 at the age of 94.

References 

1923 births
2018 deaths
Journalists from Chicago
The flag of Zimbabwe has seven horizontal stripes of green, gold, red and black with a white triangle containing a red five-pointed star with a Zimbabwe Bird. The most recent design was adopted on April 18th, 1980. Zimbabwe won its freedom from the United Kingdom on this day. This design is adapted from the flag of the Zimbabwe African National Union, the current ruling party in Zimbabwe.

Related pages
Flag of Rhodesia

Zimbabwe
National symbols of Zimbabwe
Brandon Allan Hardesty (born April 13, 1987) is an American comedic performer and actor. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland.

In September 2007, upon seeing Hardesty's YouTube videos, a producer of the movie Bart Got a Room e-mailed Hardesty expressing interest in casting him for a supporting role. Hardesty was cast as a lead in a short movie "Ham Sandwich," directed by David Green. In 2013, Hardesty has been cast in roles in the movie Seven Minutes as well as The Scorpion King 4: Quest for Power, the fourth installment in the Mummy movie franchise.

Other websites 

1987 births
Living people
Actors from Baltimore
American Internet celebrities
Rimbachzell is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Wegscheid is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
A middle name is a name given to a person at birth or baptism.  It is different from a given name and surname. 

In most Western countries the given name comes first (before the last name or family name).  However, in many Eastern countries such as China it comes after the last name or family name, and occasionally also in Europe, e.g. in Hungarian.

References
Edward John "Chips" Hardy (born 23 January 1950) is an English screenwriter, novelist, playwright, and creative director. He and Elizabeth Ann, his wife, are the parents of actor Tom Hardy, with whom Hardy worked on BBC One's drama series Taboo, as the co-creator, a writer and a consulting producer.

Early life 
Chips Hardy was born on 23 January 1950 and grew up in Ealing. Named Edward after both his father, Edward Thomas Hardy, who worked for the Port of London Authority, and his grandfather, Edward Egmore Hardy, who was the Fire Chief at Ealing Studios. His mother, Patricia, was a deputy headmistress.

In 1961 Hardy won a state scholarship to Latymer Upper School. In 1969 he won an Exhibition to read English at Downing College, Cambridge.
Career 
Alongside a career in advertising as an award-winning Global Creative Director, Hardy has written for television, movie, theatre, novels and stand-up material. Productions include a children’s television series with a talking chair called Helping Henry and About Face, a television drama with Maureen Lipman. Hardy also won a British Comedy Award for his work with Irish comedian Dave Allen.

In 2007, Hardy’s novel Each Day A Small Victory was published in the form of frontline despatches from amongst the embattled wildlife in an English country lay-by, illustrated by Oscar Grillo.

Blue on Blue, Hardy’s darkly comic play on self-harm, was first showcased at the Latchmere 503 in London in 2007. The play was revived in 2016 at the Tristan Bates in London in partnership with BLESMA, the British Limbless Ex-serviceman’s Association. In 2008, Hardy’s one woman dysfunctional Cabaret, There’s Something In The Fridge that Wants To Kill Me!, ran notably at the Edinburgh Festival.
In 2009, inspired by an idea from his son Tom Hardy, Chips Hardy and Tom created the story that was to become the 2017 eight-part series Taboo. Hardy is the co-creator, a writer and a consulting producer.

References

Other websites 
 

1950 births
English novelists
English playwrights
English television writers
Screenwriters from London
Living people
Nicholas Edward "Nick" Palatas (born January 22, 1988) is an American actor. He has appeared in two short movies, titled The Erogenous Zone and Love and has been in several ads. In 2009, he played Norville "Shaggy" Rogers in the movie, Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins and reprised the role in Scooby-Doo! Curse of the Lake Monster which released in October 2010.

Personal life
Palatas has two brothers, Phillip Palatas and actor Cameron Palatas.

He is married to Marissa Denig (sister of actress Maggie Grace), with whom he has three children, Vienna, Edward and Deanna.

Filmography

Film

Other websites 
 

1988 births
American movie actors
American television actors
Living people
Actors from Maryland
People from Bethesda, Maryland
American voice actors
was a Japanese LDP politician. He served as a local politician from 1951 to 1978 and in the House of Representatives from 1983 to 2003. He served as Minister of Home Affairs and Head of the National Public Safety Commission from 1994 to 1995, as Chief Cabinet Secretary from 1998 to 1999, and as Head of the Okinawa Development Agency in 1999.

References

Other websites
 Profile of Hiromu Nonaka

1925 births
2018 deaths
Politicians from Kyoto Prefecture
Jacques Languirand (May 1, 1931 – January 26, 2018) was a Canadian radio host, writer, and actor. He was born in Montreal, Quebec.

He hosted the same radio show, Par 4 chemins on Radio-Canada, for 42 years. He was awarded the C.M. (Member of the Order of Canada) on December 21, 1987, and the O.C. (Officer of the Order of Canada) on May 8, 2003.

In 2012, he became a known actor in Martin Villeneuve's Mars et Avril, a science fiction movie based on the graphic novels of the same name.

Languirand in Montreal of Alzheimer's disease on January 26, 2018 at the age of 86.

References

1931 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Canadian radio personalities
Canadian novelists
Canadian movie actors
Actors from Montreal
Writers from Montreal
Disney Star (trade as  Disney STAR India Private Limited) is the largest media company of India. This company has 58 channels in eight languages. On 14 December 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced that it would acquire 21st Century Fox's Entertainment Division for $52.4 billion. Since Star India is owned by Fox, it was one of the assets acquired by Disney. STAR India announced it has successfully completed the integration of the broadcast business of MAA TV. The deal was estimated to be between Rs2,000 to 2,500 crore ($24 - $30million). Their STAR sports group planned to build a national sports network in India. The plan included broadcasting in Indian languages. On 14 November 2012, Star CJ Alive appointed Kenny Shin as CEO.

Notes

References

Indian entertainment companies
Herbolzheim is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

It is near the river Elz,  north of Freiburg.

References

Other websites 
 Official Website  
 Herbolzheim: History and images
Caihong () is an extinct dinobird from Late Jurassic China. Caihong was discovered in 2014. The animal may predate the famous Aurornis xui, the earliest bird, by about 1 million years.

The type species, Caihong juji, was named in 2018.

Description

Size

Caihong was a rather small dinosaur. Its length was estimated at , and its weight at .

Skeleton

The skull of Caihong has a length of 67.6 millimetres. It is low and elongated (superficially similar to that of Velociraptor), only slightly shorter than the femur.

Vertebrae
Caihong probably has ten neck vertebrae, thirteen back vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae and twenty-sic tail vertebrae.

Feathering and coloration
The fossilized feathers of Caihong showed similarity to a black iridescent color in extant birds. Other feathers found on the head, chest, and the base of the tail preserve flattened sheets of platelet-like melanosomes.

Caihong represents the oldest known evidence of platelet-like melanosomes.

References
References

Fossil taxa described in 2018
Feathered dinosaurs
Kel () is a village in Neelum Valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located at a height of . It is near the Line of Control.

References 

Hill stations in Pakistan
Villages in Azad Kashmir
Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân (born 12 April 1954 in Xã Châu Hoà,Huyện Giồng Trôm,tình Bến Tre Province) is a Vietnamese politician currently serving as Chairwoman of the National Assembly of Vietnam and the first woman to take the position. Previously, she served as Vice President of the National Assembly, Minister of Labor and President of Hải Dương Province. She replaced Nguyễn Sinh Hùng as Chairwoman of the National Assembly on 31 March 2016.

References

Vietnamese politicians
Love & Hip Hop: New York (best known as simply Love & Hip Hop) is an American television series. It is about the lives of several people in New York City, involved with hip hop music. It is broadcast on VH1, an American cable television network.

Main cast members
Cyn Santana
Yandy Smith
Black Buddafly
Remy Ma
Papoose
Erica Mena
Rashidah Ali
Raqi Thunda
Tara Wallace
Chrissy Monroe

References 

American television series
English-language television programs
Jhelam Valley () is a valley in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is a 50 kilometers (31 miles) long valley located along with Jhelam River.

References 

Valleys of Azad Kashmir
Samahni valley is a valley located on the Line of Control that separates Azad Kashmir from Indian Occupied Kashmir. It covers an area of 1270 km2 and is the largest valley in Kashmir by area covered.

References 

Valleys of Azad Kashmir
Olivia Theresa Longott (born 15 February 1981) is an American singer, songwriter and television personality.  She was also on the Love & Hip Hop: New York series. She is best known for singing on rapper 50 Cent's song "Candy Shop".

Early life and career
Longott was born in Brooklyn, New York. She was raised in New York City. She studied music at Bayside High School. She started her career in her teenage years. She released her first single in 2000.

Discography 
 Olivia (2001)

Notes 

1981 births
Living people
Actors from Brooklyn
Singers from New York City
American R&B singers
American hip hop singers
American soul singers
Rappers