Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Soon after he was arrested, Oswald talked to reporters in a hallway. Oswald shouted, "I didn't shoot anybody," and, "They've taken me in because of the fact that I lived in the Soviet Union. I'm just a patsy!" (a scapegoat or someone who is blamed for something someone else actually did). Later, at a press meeting, a reporter asked, "Did you kill the President?" and Oswald answered, "No, I have not been charged with that. In fact, nobody has said that to me yet. The first thing I heard about it was when the newspaper reporters in the hall asked me that question." As he was led from the room the question was called out, "What did you do in Russia?" and, "How did you hurt your eye?"; Oswald answered, "A policeman hit me."

Two days later, while being moved from police headquarters to the county jail, Oswald was shot and mortally wounded by nightclub owner Jack Ruby, in full view of television cameras broadcasting live.
Warren Commission study 
In 1964, the Warren Commission concluded that Oswald acted alone in killing Kennedy, a conclusion reached previously by the FBI and Dallas Police. In 1979, The United States House of Representatives Select Committee on Assassinations agreed that Kennedy was killed by Oswald, but also concluded Kennedy`s death was probably as a result of a conspiracy. The members of this probable conspiracy were not identified.
Family history 
Oswald had been born in New Orleans, 2 months after his father died, and his mother moved him and 2 brothers to several different towns, while marrying a third husband for 3 years, 1945-48. After attending 12 schools, around Fort Worth, New York City, and New Orleans, Oswald dropped out of 10th grade, at age 16, and worked as an office clerk/messenger. Moving back to Texas in July 1956, Oswald entered 10th grade in Fort Worth, but quit school again, at age 17 in October, to join the U.S. Marines, as had his brother Robert, after their half-brother John Pic joined the U.S. Coast Guard. In 1959, Oswald received a hardship discharge (for mother's health) to quit the Marines, but defected to the Soviet Union, for nearly 3 years. Having married Marina, the daughter of a Soviet security official, he re-defected back to the U.S. with her and their daughter, in June 1962.
Researcher Sean Murphy has suggested that a man standing on the Depository front steps in the Dave Wiegman, Jr. and James Darnell films during the assassination, called "Prayer Man", was Oswald and Oswald’s wife, Marina also expressed her belief. The suggestion is that that the official record of Marrion Baker and Roy Truly encountering Oswald in the TSBD second floor lunchroom was false and on the day of the assassination, Truly was overheard by reporter Kent Biffle, informing Dallas Police Captain Will Fritz (chief of homicide) that he had seen Oswald in “a storage room on the first floor”. Occhus Campbell (the vice President of the TSBD) also told the New York Herald Tribune the same day that he saw Oswald “shortly after the shooting” in the first floor storage room. Fritz even wrote that Truly saw Oswald “immediately after the shooting somewhere near the back stairway”. The storage room on the first floor was located under the front stairs. In addition, notes taken down by FBI Special Agent James P
. Hosty and Fritz during the first interrogations of Oswald on November 22, indicate that when Oswald was asked to account for himself at the time of the assassination, he claimed that he “went outside to watch P. Parade” (referring to the presidential motorcade), and that he was “out with [William Shelley, a foreman at the depository] in front”. According to postal inspector Harry Holmes, Oswald said that he was at the “front entrance to the first floor” in the first floor vestibule by the front entrance and wanted to see what the “commotion” was when he encountered a policeman who told him to “step aside”.
References

1939 births
1963 deaths
American murder victims
American murderers
Assassins
Murdered criminals
Murders by firearm in the United States
People from New Orleans
United States Marine Corps personnel
A conspiracy is a plan among two or more people to do a particular thing.  Usually it is a secret plan, and often for an illegal act.

Types of conspiracies 
 A cabal is when religious, political, or tribal leaders meet secretly to plan things for their own purposes.
 Conspiracy, in civil law, is an agreement between persons to deceive, mislead, or defraud others of their legal rights, or to gain an unfair advantage.
 Conspiracy, in criminal law, is an agreement between persons to break the law in the future, in some cases having committed an act to further that agreement, typically treated as a felony.
 Conspiracy, in politics, is a plan to overthrow a part or all of a government.

Related pages
Conspiracy theory
Gunpowder Plot
Assassination of Julius Caesar

References 

Legal terms
Politics
A race track is a special place built for racing. The racing may be for people, animals, or vehicles. Examples of animal racing are horse racing. Examples of vehicle racing are automobiles and motorcycles. A race track may have seats for the spectators to watch the race.

Other name for race tracks are race course, speedway, and circuit.

Often race tracks are the place where people will bet on animals and vehicles to win.

Design 
Modern racetracks are designed with safety as the first priority. This is very important for race tracks used in auto racing. Safety for the spectator, track workers, and racers. Fences are often used to protect the spectators from the race track. Barriers, sometimes padded, are used to stop race cars if they run off the track.

Most race tracks are a closed loop. The start and finish line is at the same place. Some tracks are open. They start at one point and end at a different location.
Oval 
 Some race tracks are in the general form of a circle or oval. Michigan International Speedway is an example of an oval track. The racers always turn in the same direction. In the United States, they normally turn left. NASCAR runs most of its races on oval tracks.

Road course 
 Some race tracks are called road courses. The racers turn both left and right. Donington Park in England is an example of a road course. Formula One runs most of its races on road courses. These types of tracks are often called circuits, especially in Europe.

Street circuit 
Some races tracks are temporary street courses. Regular public roads are temporally closed, and the race couse is set-up using the closed roads. One of the most famous street course is Circuit de Monaco. Every year, the Formula One Monaco Grand Prix is held on this course. These types of tracks are usually called circuits.

References

Sports buildings
The term "county jail" is used in the United States for jails maintained to hold prisoners in each of the many county divisions of a U.S. state. People may be moved into a county jail immediately after they are arrested, or may later be transferred to a county jail from a local holding cell or detention center. In smaller counties, there may be a single jail facility. Larger, more populated counties will often operate more than one jail at locations throughout the county.

Who spends time in jail
County jails usually hold people under the following circumstances:
 People who have been arrested, pending a hearing where they will get the opportunity to post bail and be released,
 People who are not able to post bail, or are not given the opportunity to be released on bail due to the nature of their alleged crimes, who are waiting for a trial date,
 People who have been convicted of crimes and have been given relatively short sentences of incarceration (in most states one year or less),
 People who have been convicted of more serious crimes and are waiting to be transferred to a prison, and
 People who have been convicted of contempt of court.

Jails may also hold key trial witnesses for criminal cases, known as "material witnesses", who have been found by a court to be unlikely to appear to testify if not detained, and people who have been charged with crimes in other states who are being held for extradition proceedings.
Although it is unusual, some people charged with crimes might wait in a county jail for a year or longer, awaiting a criminal trial, while unable to bond out by posting "bail" (depending on the nature of the criminal charges against them).

After a defendant is convicted of a crime, he or she may be sentenced to prison. When that occurs, the defendant will usually be held in the county jail until he or she can be taken into the custody of the state's prison system. U.S. prison populations include many "hardened criminals" who have been convicted of a significant crime or series of crimes, while a county jail might contain many people who have not yet been convicted and are thus presumed innocent, first-time offenders, who do not have a severe criminal mindset, along with more serious offenders who have not yet been convincted or sentenced, or are awaiting transfer to prison.

Operation of jails
Operation of jails

In most states, each county jail is maintained by a "sheriff's department" run by the current county sheriff and his deputy officers. The County Sheriff's department is a police agency with county-wide jurisdiction, separate from the city or town police departments, within a county.

In order to protect the legal rights of inmates, both for their own safety and the safety of others, a county jail will have some private cells to hold especially violent or controversial suspects, to protect others from them or them from being targeted by the general population of the jail, as well as to observe inmates who may want to harm themselves. Also, a county jail will be subject to medical or health restrictions, such as providing medical care or Kosher foods, in order to ensure the health of inmates and to respect their civil rights.

For those reasons, a county jail is often very different, as to both structure and occupants, from a prison.

References
References

Government buildings
Criminal justice
Punishments
A sheriff is generally a legal official with responsibility for a county or parish. The duties of a sheriff vary from country to country. The term comes from Anglo-Norman English. The kings officer in each shire was called a "shire-reeve". His function was to enforce the king's law in the shire or county.

History 

The term shire reeve appears in documents in England in the early 11th century. When William the Conqueror conquered England in 1066, he kept most of the Anglo-Saxon sheriffs. When William abolished the great Anglo-Saxon Earldoms, the sheriff became the immediate representative of the king in the county. His appointment was typically for one year. He held court where he punished minor offenders. Later, his powers were reduced to arresting and imprisoning criminals.

Colonial America
Colonial America

When the American colonies began to grow, Britain established political control.  As each colony established counties, a sheriff was appointed to keep law and order. He was also an officer of the British court. The sheriff had different titles in different colonies. In Rhode Island he was called a general sergeant. In Connecticut and Massachusetts the title was Marshal. In Plymouth Colony he was called a messenger.  In the later colonial period, sheriffs were appointed by the colonial governor. They collected taxes, testified in court and served subpoenas. Because they were paid per task, and tax collecting paid the most, enforcing the law became a lower priority.

After the American Revolutionary War sheriffs were elected by the people.

17th and 18th century America
In the American west, the Spanish were colonizing what would become Texas, California. The equivalent of the sheriff was called an Alguacil (sheriff/constable). As Americans moved west, they often started new communities. A sheriff was usually the only available law enforcement. Sheriffs had the power of posse comitatus. That means a sheriff had the power to deputize anyone to help him keep the peace or go after and arrest criminals. A group of temporary deputies under the authority of a sheriff is called a posse. As America grew the posse was used less and less. Sheriffs are still the main law enforcement in rural areas.

Modern sheriffs

United States
United States 

In many states the sheriff remains the highest ranking county law enforcement officer. Each state decides what powers the sheriff will have. In some states the sheriff is a court officer and law enforcement is left to the police. In other states they are charged with enforcing laws, investigate crimes, transport prisoners and operate jails. A sheriff can appoint deputies. A small sheriff's department might be run by a sheriff alone. A large sheriff's department could have hundreds of deputies and civilian employees. The main difference between a sheriff's office and a police department is that the sheriff usually operates correctional facilities and county civil functions.

Australia 

Sheriffs were appointed, as early as 1829 in Western Australia, as a court official. Duties included collecting taxes and fines.

Related pages
Police officer

Notes

References 

Law enforcement occupations
The 35.7-kilometre Circle MRT Line (CCL) is Singapore's fourth Mass Rapid Transit line, and the first medium capacity line. This underground line is  long with 30 stations (excluding Bukit Brown) and is fully automatically operated. As the name implies, the line is an orbital line linking all radial lines leading to the city, and also covering many parts of the Central Area. It will also connect to Marina South via a branch line branching off from Promenade and ending at Marina Bay. Circle Line is not a full circle, and the Stage 6 will only merge the section from Marina Bay to HarbourFront, forming a loop. The line is colored yellow on the MRT Rail map.
The first part opened to the public from Bartley to Marymount on May 28, 2009. When finished, the line will connect all MRT lines, and will allow passengers to bypass the downtown area, so that the City Hall and Raffles Place interchange stations will be less crowded. The second part opened to the public from Bartley to Dhoby Ghaut on April 17, 2010 while the remaining parts will be opened in October 8, 2011. Circle Line Extension (CCLe) had been in operation since 14 January 2012.

Stations

References 

2009 establishments in Asia
2000s establishments in Singapore
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) lines
The Battle of the Nile was an important naval battle (fought by ships) between the British and the French. It happened from 1 to 3 August 1798, during the Napoleonic Wars. The British Royal Navy, led by Horatio Nelson, defeated the French, who were led by Napoleon Bonaparte. The name comes because the battle was fought in an estuary of the River Nile, off the coast of Egypt.

Great Britain took control of the eastern Mediterranean. Napoleon had won the earlier Battle of the Pyramids, but his army was now cut off from France. France eventually surrendered at the Capitulation of Alexandria.

Battles
1790s in France
18th century in the Kingdom of Great Britain
1798
History of Egypt
August events
Gil Hodges (April 4, 1924 – April 2, 1972) was a baseball player and manager. He was a player on the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Mets. Then he was a manager for the Mets.

Hodges was the manager of the 1969 mets. He also was a player for the 1955 Dodgers.

1924 births
1972 deaths
Brooklyn Dodgers players
Los Angeles Dodgers players
National League All-Stars
New York Mets players
Sportspeople from Brooklyn
Mickey Charles Mantle (October 20, 1931 – August 13, 1995) was an American baseball centerfielder. He played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (from 1951 to 1968) for the New York Yankees.  Mantle is considered to be the greatest switch hitter of all time. He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.  He was born in Spavinaw, Oklahoma. He played on 7 champion Yankees teams. He also hit 16 World Series home runs, and held the record for most home runs in Yankee Stadium for many years.  He was elected to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999.  His three closest teammates were Joe DiMaggio, Roger Maris and Whitey Ford. He was an alcoholic. He had hepatitis C and died in Dallas, Texas from liver cancer.

His nicknames included The Mick, The Commerce Comet, and Muscles.  "The Commerce Comet" is a reference to Mantle's days spent working in the coal mines of Commerce, Oklahoma.  As a result of this work, Mantle grew incredibly strong, which led to the nickname "Muscles".
Mantle was noted for batting average and for his batting power. He won the Major League Baseball Triple Crown in 1956, leading MLB in batting average, home runs, and runs batted in (RBI). He received three American League (AL) Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, and played in nineteen Major League Baseball All-Star Game games. Mantle appeared in 12 World Series, his team winning 7 of them. He holds the records for most World Series home runs (18), RBIs (40), runs (42), walks (43), extra-base hits (26), and total bases (123). He is also the career leader (tied with Jim Thome) in walk-off home runs, with a combined thirteen, twelve in the regular season and one in the Major League Baseball postseason.

References

Other websites 
Official website

American baseball players
Cancer deaths in Texas
Deaths from liver cancer
Organ transplant recipients
New York Yankees players
National Baseball Hall of Fame members
Sportspeople from Oklahoma
1931 births
1995 deaths
The Fame is the debut studio album by American singer and songwriter Lady Gaga. It was released on August 19, 2008 by Interscope Records. It won the Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album in 2010. The single "Poker Face" won the Grammy for Best Dance Recording.

Even though the album was released in 2008, it was listed at #31 on the Billboard 200 Decade-End album chart for the 2010s decade (2010–19).

Track listing

References

 

2008 albums
Lady Gaga albums
Debut albums
Dance-pop albums
Electronica albums
R&B albums
Concept albums
The President of Ukraine (, Prezydent Ukrayiny) is the Ukrainian head of state. The President represents the nation in international relations, administers the foreign political activity of the state, conducts negotiations and concludes international treaties.

The current president is Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

List

Living presidents

Government of Ukraine
The Prime Minister of Ukraine (, Prem'ier-ministr Ukrayiny) is Ukraine's head of government presiding over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which is the highest body of the executive branch of the Ukrainian government.

While in office, the Prime Minister is granted full legal immunity from all prosecutions and legal proceedings. The Prime Minister's office is headquartered in the Cabinet of Ministries building in central Kyiv.

Since Ukrainian independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, there have been 16 Prime Ministers (20 counting acting PMs). Denys Shmyhal is the incumbent Prime Minister since March 4, 2020.
Singapore Telecommunications Limited commonly abbreviated as SingTel, is a telecommunications company. SingTel has a combined mobile subscriber base of 285 million customers as of December 2009. This inclues its own operations and regional associates of SingTel. SingTel is an Internet service provider and provides internet television They provide landline telephone (traditional wired telephone) and mobile phone services. SingTel has expanded outside its home market with many regional operators, including Australia and India.

SingTel is the largest company by market capitalisation listed on the Singapore Exchange. The majority of the company is owned by Temasek Holdings, the investment arm of the Singapore government. SingTel Digital Media Pte Ltd (STDM) which owns content portal, insing.com, is a wholly owned subsidiary of SingTel. SingTel has 37 offices in 19 countries located throughout Asia Pacific, Europe and the US.
In June 2008, SingTel was the title sponsor of the first Formula One night race in Singapore. They have continued sponsoring the race through 2010.

References

Other websites 
 SingTel Official Website

Subsidiaries
 SingNet 
 NCS Pte. Ltd.
 inSing 
 LankaCom

Companies of Singapore
The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine () is the highest body of state executive power in Ukraine and serves as the cabinet of government. 

In current Cabinet 2008 there are 20 Ministries and 25 seats in the Cabinet. The Cabinet is responsible to the President of Ukraine and is under the control of and accountable to the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament).

It consists of the Prime Minister, the First Vice-Prime Minister, several Vice-Prime Ministers, the Minister of the Cabinet and many other Ministers, who head their assigned Ministries (departments).

The Cabinet is steered by the Prime Minister, chosen from the parliament with the President's formal proposal.

References
The Verkhovna Rada (; ) is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman or a speaker. It meets in the "Verkhovna Rada building" in Ukraine's capital Kyiv.

The Verkhovna Rada was first established in 1938 as the national parliament of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Since then, 17 convocations (sessions) of the Verkhovna Rada were held. The Verkhovna Rada of the 14th convocation officially changed the numbering of sessions, proclaiming itself the Verkhovna Rada of the third convocation. The sixth convocation is the latest convocation of the parliament.

In the Verkhovna Rada elections, the seats are divided among all parties that achieved a minimum 3% nationwide vote tally, using the "Hamilton method of apportionment".
The latest elections in 2007 to the Verkhovna Rada were held on September 30, 2007. On October 8, 2008, President Viktor Yushchenko dissolved the parliament and called early elections, however these never took place.

Next election to the Verkhovna Rada will be held on October 29, 2024.

Name
The name Rada () means "council". It originated in medieval Rus', and in the 10th century represented a boyar council. It was also used by Dnieper Cossacks in the 17th and 18th centuries for the meetings where major decisions were made and new councils were elected by popular vote.

This name was later used by the Ukrainian Revolutionary government between March 17, 1917 and April 29, 1918 (Central Rada).

Verkhovna, is the feminine form of the adjective  meaning supreme. It is derived from the Ukrainian word  meaning "top".

References 

Government of Ukraine
Kyiv
Ukraine
1938 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Ukraine
Unicameral legislatures
This list includes all amphibians currently found in Russia.

Sources 
  (rus.)

Russia-related lists
Russia
Lists of animals
"How Do You Sleep?" is a song from John Lennon's 1971 album Imagine, where he attacks his former Beatles songwriting partner and close friend Paul McCartney. The song has a slide guitar part played by George Harrison.

Other websites 

1971 songs
Who's Next is the fifth album by the English rock band The Who. It was released on July 31, 1971 by Decca and MCA in the United States and August 25, 1971 in the United Kingdom through Track and Polydor. Who's Next was a huge success when it was released, and has been certified 3x platinum by the RIAA.

Track listing 
All songs written by Pete Townshend except where noted. (All songs copyright Towser Tunes)

Side one
 "Baba O'Riley" – 5:11
 "Bargain" – 5:33
 "Love Ain't for Keeping" – 2:12
 "My Wife" (John Entwistle) – 3:41
 "The Song Is Over" – 6:16

Side two
 "Getting in Tune" – 4:50
 "Going Mobile" – 3:42
 "Behind Blue Eyes" – 3:43
 "Won't Get Fooled Again" – 8:32

Other websites 

1971 albums
Rock albums
The Who albums
"The Song Is Over" is a song by English rock band The Who. It was on the album Who's Next. The band never performed the song live.

Other websites

1971 songs
The Who songs
"Baba O'Riley" is a song by the English rock band The Who, written by Pete Townshend. Roger Daltrey sings most of the song, with Townshend singing the middle eight: "Don't cry/don't raise your eye/it's only teenage wasteland". The song's title comes from this combination of the song's philosophical and musical influences: Meher Baba and Terry Riley.

Other websites 

1971 songs
The Who songs
Hard rock songs
Art rock songs
Katarina Waters (born 10 November 1980) is a German-born English professional wrestler and valet that currently wrestles for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling under the ring name, Winter. She is best known from  World Wrestling Entertainment, wrestling on its Raw brand with the ring name Katie Lea.

Career 
Before signing with WWE, she spent many years on the independent circuit, particularly in the Frontier Wrestling Alliance, where she used the ring name Nikita. After signing with WWE, she competed in Ohio Valley Wrestling, where she became a two time Women's Champion before being called up to the main roster.

Wrestling
Finishing moves

Hair-pull backbreaker – WWE
Kat Nip (Inverted facelock neckbreaker) – independent circuit
Side slam backbreaker – independent circuit
Signature moves
Bridging Northern Lights suplex
Bow and arrow stretch
Enzuigiri
Missile dropkick
Moonsault
Samoan drop
Spinning backbreaker
Managers
Gladiators Ace
Paul Burchill
Wrestlers managed
Hade Vansen
Paul Burchill / The Ripper
Nicknames
"The Scarlet Witch"
"The Kat"
"The Queen of Chaos"
Entrance themes
"Hurt You" by Chibi

Championships and accomplishments
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW Women's Championship (2 times)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
PWI ranked her #20 of the best 50 female singles wrestlers in the PWI Female 50 in 2009
Queens of Chaos
World Queens of Chaos Championship (1 time)
Trans-Atlantic Wrestling 
TWC Women's Championship (1 time)

References

1980 births
Living people
English professional wrestlers
Former WWE wrestlers
Impact Wrestling alumni
"Because" is a song written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon/McCartney) and performed by The Beatles. It features a 3-part harmony vocal performance between Lennon, McCartney and George Harrison, overdubbed three times to make nine voices in all. "Because" appeared on the 1969 album Abbey Road.

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 
 

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
"Come Together" is a song by The Beatles written mostly by John Lennon and credited to Lennon/McCartney. The song is the first song on the Beatles' 1969 album Abbey Road. One month later it was released as a single with "Something", their twenty-first single in the United Kingdom and twenty-sixth in the United States. The song reached the top of the charts in the US, and peaked at number four in the UK. The song was also featured in a scene in the movie A Bronx Tale starring Robert De Niro.

References

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
Ike & Tina Turner songs
Aerosmith songs
John Lennon songs
"Something" is a song written by the Beatles. It was written by George Harrison. The song is the second song on the album, Abbey Road.

Other websites

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
Andy Williams songs
Joe Cocker songs
Frank Sinatra songs
Shirley Bassey songs
Diana Ross songs
Marlboro (,  or ) is the largest selling brand of cigarettes in the world. It is made by Philip Morris USA (a branch of Altria) within the US, and by Philip Morris International (now separate from Altria) outside the US. It is famous for its billboard advertisements and magazine ads of the Marlboro Man.

Motorsport sponsorship

Formula One 

Marlboro is also known for its sponsorship of auto racing. This started in  with its sponsorship of Formula One teams BRM and Iso Marlboro-Ford.

For  season Marlboro ended its sponsorship of both teams. Marlboro became associated with the McLaren team. Marlboro ended their sponsorship of McLaren in , which ended the famous red and white McLaren livery.
Marlboro also sponsored Scuderia Ferrari as secondary sponsor starting in 1980s Ferrari company president Enzo Ferrari refused to allow "outside" sponsor brands to appear on his team cars. After Enzo Ferrari's death in 1988, Marlboro began to take over as the primary sponsor. Later the team was officially named Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro.

In September 2005, Ferrari signed an extension of their sponsorship arrangement with Marlboro until 2011. This came at a time when tobacco sponsorship was being banned in many location. It had become illegal in the European Union, including F1 races. Other major teams have withdrawn from relationships with tobacco companies. In April 2008, the Marlboro logo was displayed on the Ferrari for the last time.
Marlboro then replaced the logo with a variety of barcodes. Leading health officials called for a review of the barcode advertising.  The Ferrari team claims the barcode is part of the car design, not an advertising message. The controversial barcode designed was recently removed by Ferrari for the start of the  Spanish Grand Prix.

Marlboro also sponsored the Alfa Romeo Formula One team between  and .

Other racing series 
Since their start in Formula One, Marlboro has also sponsored numerous teams and races.
Marlboro sponsorship in Champ Car (also known as 'CART' and 'IndyCar' at that time) dates back to 1986. The Penske cars in the Indy Racing League (IRL) currently run in Marlboro's distinctive red and white colors. In 2006, a Marlboro-sponsored car won the Indianapolis 500. For the 2007 season, Marlboro had ended their sponsorship of the Penske Cars. The Penske team will retain the color scheme. Where 'Marlboro Penske' appeared on the side of the cars, 'Team Penske' replaced it.  Although Marlboro does not sponsor Team Penske, Philip Morris USA is still Team Penske's main sponsor.

Marlboro also sponsored the Australian Marlboro Holden Dealer Team from 1974 through to 1984. The Marlboro branding gave rise to some of Australia's most prominently recognizable race cars such as the L34 and A9X Torana, as well as the VK Group C "Big Banger" Commodore.
In Motorcycling Grand Prix, Marlboro sponsored the Yamaha team in 500cc and 250cc class. Marlboro currently sponsors the Ducati MotoGP. As of the 2009 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, they are only allowed to put the Marlboro brand the bikes in Qatar.

Marlboro also has a long history in rallying sponsorship, including with the factory World Rally Championship teams of Toyota, Mitsubishi, and Peugeot. During the 2007 GP2 Series Season, ART Grand Prix was also sponsored by Marlboro.

Marlboro are generally credited as being among the most important of sponsors to the world of Formula 1 (and motor racing in general) in terms of the amount of financial backing given to various competitors. In mid-2006, special "racing editions" of Marlboro Red were sold in the UK, with a Ferrari-inspired design, although the Ferrari name and badge were not used.

List of Marlboro brand varieties 

US varieties
Marlboro Red Pack
 Marlboro Red Pack 72's
 Marlboro Red Pack 100's
 Marlboro Red Label (Medium) 
 Marlboro Red Label 100's (Medium) 
 Marlboro Gold Pack (Light)
 Marlboro Gold Pack 72's (Light)
 Marlboro Gold Pack 100's (Light)
 Marlboro Silver Pack (Ultra Light)
 Marlboro Silver Pack 72's (Ultra Light)
 Marlboro Silver Pack 100's (Ultra Light)
 Marlboro Blend No. 27
 Marlboro Virginia Blend
 Marlboro Virginia Blend 100's
 Marlboro Special Blend Red
 Marlboro Special Blend Red 100's
 Marlboro Special Blend Gold
 Marlboro Special Blend Gold 100's
 Marlboro Menthol
 Marlboro Menthol 72's
 Marlboro Menthol 100's
 Marlboro Menthol Blue Pack (Mild)
 Marlboro Menthol Blue Pack 72's (Mild)
 Marlboro Menthol Blue Pack 100's (Mild)
 Marlboro Menthol Gold Pack (Light)
 Marlboro Menthol Gold Pack 100's (Light)
 Marlboro Menthol Silver Pack (Ultra Light)
 Marlboro Menthol Silver Pack 100's (Ultra Light)
 Marlboro Menthol Blend No. 54
 Marlboro Menthol Blend No. 54 100's
 Marlboro Menthol Smooth
Marlboro Menthol Smooth 100's
 Marlboro Black
 Marlboro Black Menthol
 Marlboro NXT
 Marlboro Edge
 Marlboro Slate
 Marlboro Slate 100’s
Snus
 Marlboro Rich
 Marlboro Amber
 Marlboro Spearmint
 Marlboro Peppermint
 Marlboro Windmill (Netherlands)
Non-US varieties
 Marlboro Black Menthol Edge 8 (Japan)
 Marlboro Black
 Marlboro Black One
 Marlboro Black Menthol (Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Indonesia & New Zealand)
 Marlboro Blend No. 9
 Marlboro Bright Leaf (UK)
 Rooftop Red (Canadian Marlboro Filter)
 Rooftop Gold (Canadian Marlboro Light)
 Rooftop Silver (Canadian Marlboro Extra Light)
 Marlboro Cold Mint (Spain)
 Marlboro Compact (Europe) - slightly shorter than standard cigarettes
 Marlboro Crisp Mint
 Marlboro Filter Plus (Russia and Bulgaria)
 Marlboro Filter Plus One (Russia)
 Marlboro Flavor Mix (Egypt)
 Marlboro Flavor Note (Germany)
 Marlboro Flavor Plus
 Marlboro Fresh (Sweden)
 Marlboro Fresh Mint
 Marlboro Frost
 Marlboro Gold (in countries where "light" is not allowed)
 Marlboro Gold Advance (Sweden, Norway, Germany, Netherlands, Portugal, New Zealand)
 Marlboro Gold Edge
 Marlboro Gold Touch (Europe) - slightly thinner
 Marlboro Ice Mint
 Marlboro Ice Blast (Singapore, Japan, and Hong Kong)
 Marlboro Ice Chill (Australia)
Marlboro Ice Fresh (Brunei)
 Marlboro Intense
 Marlboro Kretex/Mix 9 (Indonesia)
 Marlboro MX4 Flavor (Europe)
 Marlboro Medium  (Jordan)
 Marlboro Night Fusion
 Marlboro Wides (Europe, Japan)
 Marlboro Touch
References

Other websites 

 Phillip Morris USA
 Philip Morris International

Smoking
"Maxwell's Silver Hammer" is a song by The Beatles, from the Abbey Road album. Paul McCartney sings lead vocals. It was written by McCartney, though the songwriting credit is Lennon/McCartney.

Structure
The vaudevillian-style song is about medical student Maxwell Edison, who uses his silver hammer to murder his girlfriend Joan, then his teacher, and finally the judge during his murder trial. Despite the grim subject matter, the song is bouncy and upbeat (a "happy song about a serial killer").
Meaning
McCartney said in 1994 that it symbolizes the failures of life:
 "Maxwell's Silver Hammer" is my analogy for when something goes wrong out of the blue, as it so often does, as I was beginning to find out at that time in my life. I wanted something symbolic of that, so to me it was some fictitious character called Maxwell with a silver hammer. I don't know why it was silver, it just sounded better than Maxwell's hammer. It was needed for scanning. We still use that expression now when something unexpected happens."

McCartney referred to the song when talking about his 2005 album Chaos and Creation in the Backyard:
 "In the past I may have written tongue-in-cheek, like 'Maxwell's Silver Hammer', and dealt with matters of fate in a kind of comical, parody manner. It just so happens in this batch of songs I would look at these subjects and thought it was good for writing. If it's good enough to take to your psychiatrist, it's good enough to make a song of."
Recording
After resuming to record the Abbey Road album, the Beatles began recording Maxwell's Silver Hammer at Abbey Road Studios on 9 July 1969. McCartney, Harrison and Starr taped 16 takes of the song, followed by a series of guitar overdubs.

The following two days the group overdubbed vocals, piano, Hammond organ, anvil and guitar. The song was completed on 6 August, when McCartney recorded a solo on a Moog synthesizer.

John Lennon later said, "I hate it....He did everything to make it into a single, and it never was and it never could have been."

George Harrison described it in 1969 as "one of those instant whistle-along tunes which some people hate, and other people really like. It's a fun song, but it's kind of a drag because Maxwell keeps on destroying everyone like his girlfriend then the school teacher, and then, finally, the judge." In 1977 Harrison was more candid, describing it as "so fruity" but added "we did a good job on it".
The length of time it took to record the song created tension between the Beatles. Paul McCartney said: "The only arguments were about things like me spending three days on Maxwell's Silver Hammer. I remember George saying, 'You've taken three days, it's only a song.' - 'Yeah, but I want to get it right. I've got some thoughts on this one.' It was early-days Moog work and it did take a bit of time".

Personnel
 Paul McCartney – lead and backing vocal; overdubbed guitar; piano, Moog IIIp
 George Harrison – backing vocal, guitar, bass
 John Lennon – backing vocal, acoustic guitar
 Ringo Starr – backing vocal, drums
 Mal Evans – anvil
 George Martin – organ

Personnel per Ian MacDonald, Andy Babiuk and Mark Lewisohn

For the studio version of the song, the anvil was played by Starr; in the Beatles film Let It Be, however, Mal Evans is seen hitting the anvil as the Beatles play the track.

References

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
"Oh! Darling" is a song of The Beatles written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney) and is the fourth song on the Abbey Road album.

Background

McCartney later said, "When we were recording 'Oh! Darling' I came into the studios early every day for a week to sing it by myself because at first my voice was too clear. I wanted it to sound as though I'd been performing it on stage all week."

In a 1980 interview with Playboy magazine, John Lennon said, "'Oh! Darling' was a great one of Paul's that he didn't sing too well. I always thought I could have done it better—it was more my style than his. He wrote it, so what the hell, he's going to sing it."

George Harrison described the song as "a typical 1950s–'60s-period song because of its chord structure."

Let It Be session
Let It Be session

After an early attempt at this song on 27 January 1969 during the Let It Be sessions, Lennon announced, "Just heard that Yoko's divorce has just gone through", after which he and the band burst into an improvised version of the song, singing "I'm free at last" instead of a part of the lyric.
Covers
Robin Gibb recorded "Oh! Darling" in 1977 for the movie Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. Released in 1978 as a single, it reached #15 on Billboard's Hot 100 in September.
Huey Lewis recorded a version for the 1995 Beatles tribute Come Together: America Salutes The Beatles.
George Benson also recorded a version for The Other Side of Abbey Road EP.
London also recorded a version for the Don't Cry Wolf album.
It also appears in the movie Across the Universe sung by the characters Sadie (Dana Fuchs) and Jojo (Martin Luther McCoy).
Etta Scollo recorded an Italian version in 1988
Bela Fleck and the Flecktones recorded a version for Live Art, with John Cowan providing the vocals
Sara Bareilles sang "Oh! Darling" in 2007 as the last song for her appearance on Channel 4's Live from Abbey Road. It featured only herself on lead vocals and her guitarist playing rhythm guitar.
Florence + the Machine play a live version on the second CD of the special box set edition of Lungs
Sum 41 did this song live during 2007/08.
Katelyn Epperly sung this song live on American Idol during the Top 24.
Personnel

Paul McCartney – vocal, backing vocals, bass, guitar
John Lennon – backing vocals, piano
George Harrison – backing vocals, guitar, synthesiser
Ringo Starr – drums
Personnel per Ian MacDonald

Notes

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
"Octopus's Garden" is a song by The Beatles written by Ringo Starr from their 1969 album Abbey Road.

George Harrison worked on this the song with Ringo Starr; perhaps because his own songs were not seen as good enough by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Harrison said: "'Octopus's Garden' is Ringo's song. It's only the second song Ringo has ever written, mind you, and it's lovely." He added that the song gets very deep into your mind "because it's so peaceful. I suppose Ringo is writing cosmic songs these days without even realising it."
Background
Ringo Starr got the idea for the song when he was on a boat owned by comedian Peter Sellers in Sardinia in 1968. He ordered fish and chips for lunch, but instead of fish he got squid. It was the first time he'd eaten squid, and he said, "It was OK. A bit rubbery. Tasted like chicken." The boat's captain told Ringo how octopuses travel along the sea bed picking up stones and shiny objects to build gardens. The Let It Be movie had a scene where George Harrison is shown helping Ringo Starr work the song out on piano.

The song, which contains the words "Oh what joy for every girl and boy / Knowing they're happy and they're safe," is sometimes thought of as being a song for children, like "Yellow Submarine", "The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill" or "All Together Now". It has been performed by the Muppets several times in their shows.
Recording
The basic instrumental track was recorded April 26, 1969, with two electric guitars (Harrison and John Lennon), bass guitar (Paul McCartney), and drums (Starr). George Martin did not produce the song, so the Beatles themselves were listed as producer, with Martin's assistant Chris Thomas present in the control room to help. Thirty-two takes were needed before the Beatles were happy with the song.

The backing vocals by McCartney and Harrison during the guitar solo were put through compressors and limiters to create a gurgling sound. Harrison added the sound of bubbles being blown into a glass of milk using a straw.

Performers

Ringo Starr – vocal, drums, percussion, sound effects
George Harrison – backing vocal, lead guitar, synthesizer
Paul McCartney – backing vocal, bass, piano
John Lennon – guitar
Personnel per Ian MacDonald

Other websites

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
"I Want You (She's So Heavy)" is a song by The Beatles from their album Abbey Road. It was written by John Lennon, although it is credited to Lennon/McCartney.

The song is an unusual Beatles song for many reasons, its length (nearly eight minutes), small number of lyrics (only fourteen different words are sung), three-minute descent through the same repeated guitar chords, and sudden ending. It is also one of the last songs that the Beatles mixed as a group, on August 20, 1969.

The Beatles songs
1969 songs
"Here Comes the Sun" is a song by George Harrison from The Beatles' 1969 album Abbey Road.

Origin
Harrison stated in The Beatles Anthology:

Recording
Harrison, McCartney and Starr recorded the song in 13 takes on July 7, 1969. John Lennon did not contribute to the song as he was recovering from a car crash. Towards the end of the session, Harrison spent an hour re-recording his acoustic guitar part. Harrison capoed his guitar on the 7th fret, resulting the final key of A major. He also used the same technique on his 1965 song "If I Needed Someone," which shares a similar melodic pattern. The following day he taped his lead vocals, and he and McCartney recorded their backing vocals twice to give a fuller sound.

A harmonium and handclaps were added on July 16. Harrison's guitar solo was overdubbed on 6 August, and the orchestral parts were added on 15 August. "Here Comes the Sun" was completed four days later with the addition of Harrison's Moog synthesizer part.
Personnel
George Harrison – vocal, backing vocal, acoustic guitar, Moog synthesizer, handclaps
Paul McCartney – backing vocal, bass, handclaps
Ringo Starr – drums, handclaps
Uncredited – four violas, four cellos, double bass, two piccolos, two flutes, two alto flutes, two clarinets
Personnel per Ian MacDonald

Notes

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 

1969 songs
The Beatles songs
Reginald Martinez "Reggie" Jackson (born May 18, 1946) was a baseball player for the Oakland Athletics, the New York Yankees, and the California Angels. He was named Mr. October in the 1977 series. In 1973 and 77 he was named the most valuable player of the World Series. He played right fielder.

Jackson played 21 seasons and reached the post-season in 11 of them, winning six pennants and four World Series.

Jackson was also voted to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1993 on the first ballot. His number was retired by the Athletics and the Yankees.

In 2007, ESPN aired a mini-series called The Bronx is Burning.  It was about the 1977 Yankees. The conflicts and controversies around Jackson are a central part of the storyline. Jackson is portrayed by Daniel Sunjata.

References
References

1946 births
Living people
African-American baseball players
Baltimore Orioles players
California Angels players
Kansas City Athletics players
New York Yankees players
Oakland Athletics players
National Baseball Hall of Fame members
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
Spiritual Machines is the fourth studio album by Canadian rock band Our Lady Peace. It was released on December 12, 2000. The producers of the album was Arnold Lanni and lead singer Raine Maida and it was the last Our Lady Peace album produced by long time producer Arnold Lanni. It is certified double platinum in Canada, peaking #5.

Singles from Spiritual Machines 
2000 - "In Repair"
2000 - "Life"
2001 - "Right Behind You (Mafia)"

References

2000 albums
Our Lady Peace albums
Gravity is the fifth studio album by Canadian rock band Our Lady Peace. It was released on June 18, 2002. The producer of the album was Bob Rock. This album featured new guitarist Steve Mazur who replaced Mike Turner when he left the band in 2001.

Singles from Gravity 
2002 - "Somewhere Out There"
2002 - "Innocent"
2003 - "Made of Steel"

2002 albums
Our Lady Peace albums
Healthy in Paranoid Times is the sixth studio album by Canadian rock band Our Lady Peace. It was released on August 30, 2005. The producer of the album was Bob Rock. The album peaked at #2 on the Soundscan Canadian Albums Chart, #45 on the Billboard 200 chart and #1 on Soundscan's Alternative albums chart. The song "Where Are You", peaked at #28 on Billboard's Alternative Songs chart. The album is certified Platinum for the shipment of 100,000 units.

Singles from Healthy in Paranoid Times 
2005 - "Where Are You"
2005 - "Angels/Losing/Sleep"
2006 - "Will the Future Blame Us"

2005 albums
Our Lady Peace albums
Burn Burn is the seventh studio album by Canadian rock band Our Lady Peace. It was released on July 21, 2009. The producer of the album was lead singer Raine Maida. The peaked at #3 on the Canadian Albums Chart and also peaked at #41 on the U.S. Billboard 200.

Singles from Burn Burn 
2009 - "All You Did Was Save My Life"
2009 - "The End is Where We Begin"
2010 - "Dreamland"

2009 albums
Our Lady Peace albums
Raine Maida (born February 18, 1970 in Weston, Ontario, Canada) is a Canadian singer/songwriter. He is the current lead singer of the Canadian alternative rock band, Our Lady Peace and was known for his unique countertenor nasal falsetto singing voice.

He began a solo career in 2006 and released a EP called Love Hope Hero on November 14, 2006. Maida is also a well known producer producing songs for act's like Avril Lavigne, Kelly Clarkson, David Cook and Carrie Underwood.

Maida is involved with numerous charities including War Child and was also a critic of the Iraq War as well as former U.S. president George W. Bush. He is married to Canadian singer Chantal Kreviazuk. Maida and Kreviazuk have three children together. They won the Allan Slaight Humanitarian Spirit Award in 2011 for their high ideals and humanitarian service.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 

1970 births
Living people
Canadian singer-songwriters
Musicians from Ontario
Rock musicians
The Order of the Arrow is an honor society in the Boy Scouts of America. It was started by E. Urner Goodman in 1915. Members of the Order of the Arrow are called Arrowmen or Brothers. The Order of the Arrow uses American Indian symbols and lore. There are some "secret" ceremonies and words.

To be chosen to join the Order, youth members need to be voted in by their Scout troop, and have to have the First Class rank or higher. Adult leaders can also be chosen.

People who are entering the Order have to go through what is called an Ordeal. They have to go through a 24 hour period where they sleep outside, do not get much food, cannot talk, and do work, such as to help the camp where the Ordeal is happening.
Types of membership
Once someone goes through the Ordeal and becomes a member of the Order, they are called an Ordeal member. They can later become what is called a "Brotherhood member" after giving more service and going through another ceremony. Some Brotherhood members can later become "Vigil Members", but usually, no more than one out of every fifty people in a Lodge (local groups of the Order of the Arrow) can become Vigil Members.

References

Scouting