Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
1974 - Mijntje Denners, Dutch field hockey player
 1975 – Natalie Imbruglia, Australian singer and actress
 1975 – Vittorio Arrigoni, Italian activist (d. 2011)
From 1976 
 1976 – Cam'ron, American rapper and actor
 1977 – Gavin DeGraw, American singer
 1979 – Andrei Arlovski, Belarussian mixed martial artist and actor
 1980 – Raimonds Vaikulis, Latvian basketball player
 1981 – Jason Kapono, American basketball player
 1982 – Ivars Timermanis, Latvian basketball player
 1982 – Kimberly Wyatt, American singer (Pussycat Dolls)
 1982 – Chris Sabin, American professional wrestler
 1983 – Miguel Garcia, Portuguese footballer
 1983 – Lee Stempniak, American ice hockey player
 1984 – Mauricio Pinilla, Chilean footballer
 1985 – Bug Hall, American actor
 1986 – Asif Ali, Indian actor
 1987 – Darren O'Dea, Irish footballer
 1987 – Lucie Safarova, Czech tennis player
 1988 – Jeff Horn, Australian professional boxer
 1988 – Carly Patterson, American gymnast
 1989 – Shogo Suzuki, Japanese actor and musician
 1990 – Haruka Tomatsu, Japanese voice actress and singer
 1991 – Mathew Leckie, Australian footballer

Deaths
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 211 – Septimius Severus, Emperor of Rome (born 146)
 708 – Pope Sisinnius
 784 – Hrabanus Maurus, German poet
 856 – Rabanus Maurus, Bishop of Mainz
 869 – Saint Cyril, after whom the Cyrillic alphabet is named (born 827)
 1161 - King Inge I of Norway (b. 1135)
 1615 - Giovanni Battista della Porta, Italian polymath (born 1535)
 1694 - Natalya Kyrillovna Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (born 1651)
 1713 – Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury (born 1671)
 1774 - Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (born 1701)
 1781 – Josef Myslivecek, composer (born 1737)
 1843 - Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general (born 1770)
 1894 – Adolphe Sax, Belgian instrument maker, inventor of the saxophone (born 1814)
1901  2000 
 1905 – Louis-Ernest Barrias, French sculptor (born 1841)
 1928 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate (born 1853)
 1928 - Manche Masemola, South African girl and Christian martyr (born 1913)
 1933 – Archibald Sayce, educator (born 1846)
 1935 - J. Henry Birtles, English rugby player (born 1874)
 1936 – Wilhelm Gustloff, German leader of the Swiss Nazi party (born 1895)
 1941 - Louis Lincoln Emmerson, 27th Governor of Illinois (born 1863)
 1943 - Frank Calder, first NHL President (born 1877)
 1944 – Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (born 1867)
 1953 - Antonio Conte, Italian fencer (born 1867)
 1956 - Savielly Tartakower, Polish chess player (born 1887)
 1958 – Henry Kuttner, science fiction writer (born 1915)
 1967 - Albert Orsborn, 6th General of the Salvation Army (born 1886)
 1968 – Neal Cassady, writer (born 1926)
 1968 – Gilbert H. Grosvenor, President of the National Geographic Society (born 1875)
 1969 – Thelma Ritter, actress (born 1905)
1974 – Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian physicist (born 1894)
 1975 – Louis Jordan, musician (born 1908)
 1983 – Karen Carpenter, U.S. singer, musician (Carpenters) (born 1950)
 1984 – Anna Anderson, claimant to the throne of Russia (born 1896)
 1987 – Liberace, American musician (born 1919)
 1987 – Carl Rogers, psychologist (born 1902)
 1992 - Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish model (born 1911)
 1995 – Godfrey Brown, athlete and teacher (born 1915)
 1995 – Patricia Highsmith, American writer (born 1921)
 1999 – Amadou Bailo Diallo, shot by New York City police (born 1975)
 2000 – Doris Coley, singer, member of the Shirelles (born 1941)
 2000 – Carl Albert, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (born 1908)
From 2001 
 2001 – Iannis Xenakis, Greek-French composer (born 1922)
 2001 – J. J. Johnson, jazz trombonist and jazz composer (born 1924)
 2002 - Agatha Barbara, Maltese politician (born 1923)
 2002 - George Nader, American actor (born 1921)
 2005 – Ossie Davis, American actor (born 1917)
 2006 - Betty Friedan, American feminist, activist and writer (born 1921)
 2007 - Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (born 1934)
 2008 - Stefan Meller, Polish politician (born 1942)
 2009 - Lux Interior, American musician (born 1946)
 2011 - Lena Nyman, Swedish actress (born 1944)
 2011 - Martial Celestin, Haitian lawyer, diplomat and politician (born 1913)
 2012 - Mike deGruy, American documentary movie maker (born 1951)
 2012 - Andrew Wight, Australian screenwriter and producer (born 1960)
 2012 - Florence Green, British supercentenarian and last-surviving World War I service veteran (born 1901)
 2013 - Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (born 1941)
2013 - Essie Mae Washington-Williams, American educator (born 1925)
 2014 - Wu Ma, Chinese-Hong Kong actor and director (born 1942)
 2014 - Keith Allen, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1923)
 2015 - Sajida Mubarak Atrous al-Rishawi, Iraqi terrorist (born 1970)
 2015 - Eduardo Laborde, Argentine rugby player (born 1967)
 2015 - Fitzhugh L. Fulton, American NASA research pilot (born 1925)
 2015 - Wes Cooley, American politician (born 1932)
 2016 - Maurice White, American singer (born 1941)
 2016 - Marlow Cook, American politician (born 1926)
 2016 - Edgar Whitcomb, American politician, 43rd Governor of Indiana (born 1917)
 2016 - Axl Rotten, American professional wrestler (born 1971)
 2016 - Dave Mirra, American BMX rider (born 1974)
 2016 - Edgar Mitchell, American astronaut (born 1930)
 2017 - Basil Hetzel, Australian medical researcher (born 1922)
 2017 - Bano Qudsia, Pakistani writer (born 1928)
 2017 - Georgi Taratorkin, Russian actor (born 1945)
 2017 - Hans van der Hoek, Dutch footballer (born 1933)
2017 - John Howes, American professor of Asian Studies (born 1924)
 2017 - Steve Lang, Canadian rock musician (born 1949)
 2017 - Marc Spitz, American writer (born 1969)
 2018 - Alan Baker, English mathematician (born 1939)
 2018 - Martin Grüner, German politician (born 1929)
 2018 - Edwin Jackson, American football player (born 1991)
 2018 - John Mahoney, British-American actor (born 1940)
 2018 - Séamus Pattison, Irish politician (born 1936)
 2018 - Wojciech Pokora, Polish actor (born 1934)
Observances
 Independence Day (Sri Lanka)
 Rosa Parks Day (United States)
 Day of the Armed Struggle (Angola)
 World Cancer Day

February 04
Sergio Aragonés Domenech (; born September 6, 1937) is a popular cartoonist. He was born in Spain and grew up in Mexico. He is most famous for his cartoons for MAD Magazine and the comic book Groo the Wanderer.

References 

Mexican cartoonists
1937 births
Living people
Lisa Bonet (born Lisa Michelle Bonet; November 16, 1967), also known as Lilakoi Moon, is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Denise Huxtable on television series, The Cosby Show and A Different World. She was also married to singer Lenny Kravitz from 1987 to 1993. She is of African American and Ashkenazi Jewish (from Belarus, Moldova, Poland and Russia) descent.

References

Other websites 

1967 births
Living people
American movie actors
Bonet,Lisa
Actors from San Francisco
African American actors
Jewish American actors
Tobacco is a product prepared from the leaves of the tobacco plant by curing them. The plant is part of the genus Nicotiana and of the Solanaceae (nightshade) family. It is used as a drug, mostly by smoking, but also by using snuff or chewing tobacco. People use cigarettes, cigars, and pipe to smoke tobacco. Tobacco contains the chemical nicotine, which causes pleasure as a stimulant drug. It also causes addiction — after people start using nicotine, it is difficult to stop. Tobacco use can cause diseases, such as many types of cancer.

History

Native Americans used tobacco before Europeans arrived in the Americas.  The earliest know use of tobacco comes  from  nicotine residue from a  pipe in the Southeastern United States.  It is Radiocarbon dated  at  1685-1530 BC.  Europeans in the Americas learned to smoke and brought it back to Europe, where it became very popular. At that time tobacco was usually smoked in a pipe.
The Europeans who moved to America started to farm tobacco so that they could sell it in Europe. This became one of the main causes of the African slave trade. In 1610 a European man called John Rolfe arrived in the American state of Virginia and set up a tobacco farm which made him very rich. Rolfe was the first  non-native farmer to use nicotiana tabacum, which is the type of tobacco most commonly smoked today. He also married Pocahontas, a Native American woman who became famous when she went to live in London.

In the 17th and 18th centuries tobacco made farmers very rich and towns quickly grew in the states of Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. In 1883 one third of United States tax money came from tobacco.

In 1864 the first American tobacco factory opened to produce 20 million cigarettes annually. By 1964 the cigarette contained over 500 added chemicals. Today tobacco manufacturers are still not required by law to list the 500+ ingredients.

Tobacco and health
Tobacco and health

Tobacco users (especially smokers) and people around them (with passive smoking) risk many very serious and often deadly illnesses, such as cancer, strokes, heart disease, and lung disease. The United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention describes tobacco use as "the single most important preventable risk to human health in developed countries and an important cause of premature (early) death worldwide". There are over 4800 chemicals in tobacco, including arsenic. Sixty-four of them are known to cause cancer. Smoking can also make men lose erections, and make their penises a bit smaller.

Countries that grow tobacco

References

Smoking
Carcinogens
 
Solanaceae
Jerusalem (;  ;  ) is one of the oldest cities in the world that people have lived in continuously. It is important to many major religions. Jews consider Jerusalem a holy city because it was their religious and political center during Biblical times and was the place where the Temple of God stood. Christians consider Jerusalem holy because many events in the life of Jesus took place there. Muslims believe that Muhammad rose to heaven from Jerusalem, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque is the first Qibla of Muslims after Mecca.

Jerusalem is the capital city of both Israel and Palestine, under their laws. Most other countries disagree.  Most countries have their embassies with Israel in Tel Aviv.

Jerusalem is about 40 miles (64 kilometers) east of the Mediterranean Sea. It is a hilly city with many valleys around it.
History 
Jerusalem is a very old city. It has great importance for three religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The Bible says King David, the second king of Israel, took this city from pagans and settled his palace there. King Solomon, David's son and the next king, built the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. Later, as capital of Judah, Jerusalem was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar II, the king of Babylon. The Palace of King David and the Temple of Solomon were burned, and the Jews were captured and taken to Babylon. Seventy years later, the Persian King Cyrus allowed them to return to Jerusalem and to rebuild the Temple.

Later the area was occupied by Romans. King Herod the Great, who ruled for the Roman Emperor, made the Temple larger to try and win Jewish favor. The Temple was famous for its greatness and beauty.
Jesus died in Jerusalem around 33 CE. In 70 CE, the Jews rebelled against the Romans, but the Romans destroyed the city and the Temple. Jewish people who lived in Jerusalem were caught and became slaves. The Romans renamed Jerusalem with a Latin name. Since then, the Temple has not been rebuilt, and only a part of its wall remains until today.

After the Roman Empire was split into two, the Byzantine Empire ruled Jerusalem. Later, Muslims took over the city from them. The Muslims believed Muhammad went to heaven from Jerusalem.

Later, the Pope in Rome sent the Crusaders from Western Europe to try and take Jerusalem back. They succeeded for a while, but eventually the city fell again to the Saracens. Until the 20th century, Jerusalem was a part of the Ottoman Empire. There were some Jews in Jerusalem all along, even though they were ruled by other people.
The "New City" of Jerusalem is the part outside the old stone walls. People started building the new city in the 1800s. Mishkenot Sha'annanim, Mea Shearim, and the Bukharan Quarter are some of the first neighborhoods in the new city.

After World War I, the Ottoman Empire had been defeated. In June 1922, the League of Nations approved the British Mandate of Palestine. This gave control of the area to the United Kingdom. The land west of the Jordan River was known as Palestine. It was under direct British control until 1948. The land east of the Jordan River was known as Transjordan, and was governed by the Hashemite family. Transjordan gained independence in 1946.

The mandate in Palestine ended at midnight on 14 May 1948. On the next day, the 1948 Arab–Israeli War began. Israel declared independence, the West Bank was annexed by Jordan, and Egypt took control of the Gaza Strip.
In 1949, at the end of the first Arab-Israeli War, Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan.  Israel controlled the western part of the city. Jordan controlled the eastern section, including the Old City, a walled section of Jerusalem dating from Biblical times. Israel took control of the entire city during the Six-Day War in 1967.

Jerusalem today is claimed by the state of Israeli as its capital. The United Nations does not agree to Israel saying that Jerusalem is the capital of Israel.

Religious significance 

Jerusalem has been sacred to Judaism for roughly 3000 years, to Christianity for around 2000 years, and to Islam for approximately 1400 years. The 2000 Statistical Yearbook of Jerusalem lists 1204 synagogues, 158 churches, and 73 mosques within the city. Despite efforts to maintain peaceful religious coexistence, some sites, such as the Temple Mount, have been a continuous source of friction and controversy.
Jewish
According to Jewish tradition, Jerusalem is where God told the patriarch Abraham to sacrifice his son, Isaac, to Him.  The Jews built the Temple, the centre of Jewish worship in ancient times, at the site of Abraham's sacrifice on the Temple Mount in the Old City.  Two buildings, one after the other, the First Temple and the Second Temple, stood at the site.  The First Temple housed the Ark of the Covenant, a sacred box holding the tablets inscribed with the Ten Commandments.

The Western Wall is a part of the Second Temple and Judaism's most sacred shrine.  It is a stone wall that strengthened the western side of the Temple Mount in ancient times.  The wall is sometimes called the Wailing Wall because of the sad prayers Jewish people said there to mourn the destroyed Temple.
Other sites in the city that are sacred to the Jews include King David's tomb on Mount Zion, and the Jewish Cemetery and the Tombs of the Prophets on the Mount of Olives, a hill just east of the Old City.  Many sites associated with Biblical figures are sacred to Christians, too.
Christian
Many monasteries, convents, shrines, and religious seminaries in Jerusalem mark events in the life of Jesus and in the formation of the Christian Church.  According to the Bible, Jesus taught in Jerusalem and performed numerous miracles there.  The Last Supper supposedly took place in a room known as the Cenacle (also called Coenaculum) on Mount Zion.  The Church of the Holy Sepulcher in the Old City is said to be the place of Jesus's Crucifixion (called Calvary or Golgotha), as well as His burial and resurrection.  Several Christian sects own the church, which was originally built by Constantine the Great, then rebuilt and dedicated by the Crusaders in 1149 CE.  The building stands at the end of the Via Dolorosa (Way of Sorrows), believed to be the path over which Jesus carried His cross to Calvary.  Jesus was last seen by His followers on the Mount of Olives before He went up to heaven.  All of these sites attract many religious pilgrims each year.
Islamic
Jerusalem is Islam's third holiest city, after Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia.  According to Muslim tradition, Muhammad originally selected Jerusalem as the qibla: the direction Muslims should face during prayer.  However, he later told his followers to face Mecca instead of Jerusalem when praying.  Muhammad is said to have gone up to heaven from a stone now covered by a golden-domed shrine called the Dome of the Rock.  The Dome of the Rock and the ancient Al-Aqsa Mosque are among the holiest sites in Islam.  They are the main buildings on the Temple Mount, which Muslims call Haram al-Sharif (Noble Sanctuary).
Architecture
Jerusalem's architecture is a mixture of old and new.  The Old City contains architectural examples from each major period in the city's history.  Many ancient historical sites and places of worship stand near modern shopping centers and industrial zones.  Architecture from the late 1800s and early 1900s shows European influences.  Usefulness rather than style characterizes new apartment buildings constructed by the government as housing for immigrants.  Many buildings, old and new, have matching exteriors because all construction is required to be faced with a cream-colored limestone called Jerusalem stone, produced by nearby quarries.

Religion in Jerusalem
Belz Beis HaMedrash HaGadol is the largest synagogue in Jerusalem.

Twin towns and sister cities
 New York City, United States (since 1993)
 Prague, Czech Republic

Partner city
 Marseille, France

Notes

References

Other websites
Other websites

Official website of Jerusalem Municipality
Jerusalemp3 , offers free virtual tours in mp3 format from the Jerusalem Municipality

Government
, United Nations document related to the recent dispute over Jerusalem
Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel, Government of Israel, the Israeli law making Jerusalem the capital of Israel

Culture
Israel Museum, one of Jerusalem's premier art museums
Yad Vashem, Israeli memorial to victims of The Holocaust

Education
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem's foremost institution of higher learning
al-Quds University, the only Palestinian university in Jerusalem

Maps
Modern-day map of Jerusalem, from City of Jerusalem.
Ancient Maps of Jerusalem , from the Jewish National Library at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem

 
Arab–Israeli conflict
The Rocky Mountains (often called The Rockies) are a range of mountains in the western United States and Canada. They stretch from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the southwestern United States. Part of the mountain range in Colorado is a national park, called Rocky Mountain National Park. The Rocky Mountains are more than 3,000 miles long (4,800 kilometers). 
The highest point in the Rocky Mountains is Mt. Elbert. Mt. Elbert is 14,433 ft tall (4,401m).

The Rocky Mountains are relatively new, formed from 55 million to 80 million years ago (mya) during the Laramide orogeny. North America began to move westwards as Pangaea broke up. A number of tectonic plates began to slide under the North American plate. The angle of subduction was shallow, resulting in a broad belt of mountains running down western North America. Since then, further tectonic activity and erosion by glaciers has sculpted the Rockies into dramatic peaks and valleys.
The rocks in the Rocky Mountains were formed long before the mountains were raised. The oldest rock is Precambrian metamorphic rock that forms the core of the North American continent. There is also Precambrian sedimentary argillite, dating back to 1.7 billion years ago. During the Paleozoic, western North America lay underneath a shallow sea, which deposited many kilometers of limestone and dolomite.

In the southern Rocky Mountains, near present-day Colorado, these ancestral rocks were disturbed by mountain building about 300 mya, during the Pennsylvanian. This mountain building produced the ancestral Rocky Mountains. They consisted largely of Precambrian metamorphic rock forced upward through layers of the limestone. The limestone had been laid down in a shallow sea. The mountains eroded throughout the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic, leaving extensive deposits of sedimentary rock.

References 

Mountain ranges of the United States
Western United States
Mountains of Canada
Brooklyn is one of the five boroughs of New York City. It also covers the same area as Kings County. Brooklyn is New York City's second largest borough in land area (after Queens). 
As of 2020, about 2.7 million people live there. This is more than in any of the other four boroughs.

Brooklyn is the west end of Long Island.  The East River separates it from Manhattan in the north. Brooklyn's only land boundary is with Queens in the east.  Jamaica Bay separates Brooklyn from Rockaway in the south.  The Narrows separates Brooklyn from Staten Island in the west. 

Coney Island is the south end of Brooklyn.  The Brooklyn Museum is near the middle of Brooklyn, near Prospect Park.

History 
Brooklyn is named after a Dutch town called "Breukelen". Dutch people were the first people from Europe to live in the area. When they got there, there were already some Native American people living there called the Lenape. The Dutch started the town in 1634 as part of the colony of New Netherland.
During the 19th century Brooklyn expanded and filled Kings County. It remained a separate city before the people there voted to join New York City in 1898. Today, many parts of Brooklyn are home to people who are mostly from one culture or ethnicity. Other parts are mixed.

The Brooklyn Bridge is old and famous. It goes over the East River and connects Downtown Brooklyn to Lower Manhattan. The longest bridge in New York, the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in Bay Ridge connects Brooklyn to Staten Island.

References

County seats in New York (state)
 
1634 establishments in North America
1630s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
17th-century establishments in New York
Cornish (Cornish: Kernewek) is a very old language from Cornwall in the southwest of England. Cornish is a Celtic language and is very similar to Welsh and is related to Gaelic.

History 
A long time ago, Cornish was the only language spoken in Cornwall, but more and more people began to speak English, instead of Cornish. In 1550, when the prayer book was written in English instead of Latin, the Cornish people got angry and there was a rebellion. Because many Cornish-speakers died and  they would now hear the Bible in English, Cornish was used less and less.

By 1800, only a few people could speak Cornish, and since no one spoke it to one another any more, Cornish became endangered.

People say that a woman called Dolly Pentreath was the last person who could speak Cornish. That is not quite true, but she was one of the last people to use it instead of English.
How old is the Cornish language? 
Cornish started to diverge from Welsh towards the end of the 7th century AD and the earliest known examples of written Cornish date from the end of the 9th century AD. These were in the form of glosses scribbled in the margins of a Latin text –Smaragdus' Commentary on Donatus.

The origins of the Cornish language 
Derived from the Brythonic languages, the Cornish language has common roots with both Breton and Welsh. The words 'Cornwall' and 'Cornish' are derived from the Celtic Cornovii tribe who inhabited modern-day Cornwall prior to the Roman conquest.

Methods of spreading 
Some people learned about Cornish by traveling around talking to people who could still speak it and by reading old plays and books. Some people wanted to learn the language and speak it and so in 1904 a learned man, Henry Jenner, wrote a book to help people. Some people then began to learn the language and speak it again.
Today 
No one knows how many Cornish-speakers there are now. People think that about 300 people probably speak Cornish. Some young people have grown up speaking it. Most people in Cornwall know a few sentences or words in Cornish. In 100 years, Cornish has grown from almost no speakers to many thousands, which is very exciting for many people.

There are now many new books, films and songs in Cornish. The Bible has now been translated into Cornish. There is an event, the open Gorseth, with a story and poetry competition. Sometimes, Cornish is used in churches.

There used to be a problem with Cornish: three different dictionaries had different spellings, and people did not agree about how to write words or say them. That was confusing for people when they have not been speaking for long. In 2008, people who used different types of Cornish came together and agreed on a new standard form of Cornish to be used everywhere.

Sample phrases
Sample phrases 

 Kernowek: Cornish
 Kernow: Cornwall
 Den: Man
 Benyn: Woman
 Gorthugher da: Good afternoon
 Dydh da!: Good day!
 Duw genes!: Goodbye!
 Onen hag oll: One and all.
 Fatla genes!:  How's it going with you

References

Other websites 

 Ferdinand, Siarl (2013). Brief History of the Cornish language, its revival and its current situation. E-Keltoi,  2, 199–227

Celtic languages
Cornwall
Welsh could mean many different things:
 Of or relating to Wales
 The Welsh language
 The Welsh people

Welsh could also mean:

Places in the United States (US)
Welsh, Louisiana
Welsh, Arkansas
Welsh, Ohio

People
Ben Welsh, an Australian Icon
Harry Welsh, a US paratrooper in World War II
Irvine Welsh, a Scottish author
Matty Welsh, an Australian swimmer
Matthew E. Welsh, a US politician and governor of Indiana
John Welsh (footballer), a player for Hull City, England
The Watergate scandal was a serious scandal during and after the 1972 presidential election. 

A United States President, Richard Nixon was running for election against Democrat George McGovern. Afterwards, Frank Wills, a security guard, discovered clues that former FBI and CIA agents broke into the offices of the Democratic Party and George McGovern months before the election. They secretly listened to phone lines and stole several important documents. 

When these men were found, they were discovered to have been associated with Nixon. He had helped them cover all the evidence of the scandal, and may have even hired the men to begin with. The Washington Post was a newspaper which played a big role in exposing the misdoings, specifically aided by reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein. This showed the public that Nixon was not as trustworthy as he seemed.
Nixon chose to resign from office on August 9, 1974 because he wished not to be impeached. This means that he might have been charged with crimes. The U.S. Congress could not impeach him if he resigned. After this, Gerald Ford became his vice-president because Spiro T. Agnew (Nixon's first vice-president) had to resign as well after unrelated charges of accepting bribes and avoiding taxes. Ford then became the President by default of Nixon using his power under the 25th Amendment to the U.S Constitution. Ford pardoned Nixon for all of his crimes later on. The name "Watergate" comes from the hotel in Washington, D.C. where the first crime and break in took place, and is often associated with political scandals.

Other resources
Brittanica

1970s crimes
1970s in the United States
Burglary
Cyan is the color halfway between blue and green on the color wheel.  It is one of the primary (main) colors of ink in an inkjet printer, along with black, yellow and magenta.

Cyan is a secondary color of light, along with magenta and yellow. The primary colors of light are: blue, red and green. Cyan is made by mixing green and blue light.

Cyan is the opposite of red and is halfway between green and blue.
Meaning of cyan
 Cyan is associated with making someone feel better and protection, as well as being associated with good health from getting exercise by going swimming.  This is because the water in a swimming pool is usually colored cyan from having a plaster white bottom that reflects the blue sky.  The tiles of a swimming pool are often colored cyan, which makes the cyan color of the water in a swimming pool even more intense.
 Cyan is a restful, calming color that symbolizes relaxation, especially that shade of cyan known as bright turquoise (shown below) which can be the color of the water in lagoons in tropical countries where people go swimming on their vacation.
 The shade of Cyan called medium aquamarine (shown below) is used for the uniforms of nurses and surgeons and also used to paint rooms in hospitals because it is regarded as a color that calms and relaxes the patients.

Tones of the Cyan color comparison chart
Related pages
 List of colors
 Aqua
 Aquamarine
 Blue-green
 Electric blue
 Teal
 Turquoise
 Viridian

Shades of blue
Shades of cyan
Shades of green
Purple is a color that is made of two primary colors, blue and red.

The first written use of purple as a color name in English was in 975.
Meaning of purple 
 Purple is associated with wisdom, dignity, independence, creativity, mystery and magic. Purple is a very rare color in nature, though the lavender flower and catmint are two examples.
 Tyrian Purple is used to represent royalty. It is a sign of power, nobility, luxury, and ambition. It shows wealth and extravagance. It is thought as a royal color because in Roman times, there was only one way to make the color purple, which the Romans called purpura. They used one or two species of the gastropod Murex, which produced the dye in a gland. These tiny shellfish lived in the Mediterranean Sea. Each snail produced only tiny amounts, so it was very expensive. Therefore, purple was only worn by the rich and famous. Naturally, the richest and most famous people in the country were the Roman emperors, so they were able to wear the most purple. Roman sumptuary laws forbade plebeians to wear it.
Light purple is a good choice for a feminine design. It creates feelings of romance. Bright purple can be used when promoting children's things.
 Dark purple may create sad feelings. It can cause frustration.
 Pink purple, it is associated with eroticism and femininity.
Comparison of blue, indigo, violet and purple

Comparison of purple, magenta, rose and red
Tones of purple color comparison chart 
 Lavender Blush (web color) (Hex: #FFF0F5) (RGB: 255, 240, 245)
 Purple Mist (Pale Purple) (Pantone TPX 12-2103) (Hex: #FAE6FA) (RGB: 250, 230, 250)
 Lavender Mist (web color Lavender) (Hex: #E6E6FA) (RGB: 230, 230, 250)
 Almost Mauve (Pantone TPX 12-2103) (Hex: #EBE1DF) (RGB: 235, 225, 223)
 Mauve Morn (Pantone TPX 12-2102) (Hex: #EBDBDB) (RGB: 235, 219, 219)
 Mauve Chalk (Pantone TPX 12-2902) (Hex: #E4D3D2) (RGB: 228, 211, 210)
 Pale Lilac (Light Mauve) (Hex: #DCD0FF) (RGB: 220, 208, 255)
 Mauvette (Plochere) (Mauve Pink) (Light Mulberry) (Hex: #E8CCD7) (RGB: 232, 204, 215)
 Deep Mauve Pink (Hex: #DE4BEEB) (RGB: 228, 190, 235)
<li style="background:#e0b0ff;"> Mauve (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #E0B0FF) (RGB: 224, 176, 255)<li>
 Thistle (HTML/CSS web color: Light Purple) (Hex: #D8BFD8) (RGB: 216, 191, 216)
<li style="background:#c8a2c8;"> Lilac (Hex: #C8A2C8) (RGB: 200, 162, 200)<li>
<li style="background:#e79fc4;"> Kobi (Xona.com color list) (Light Aubergine) (Hex: #C79FC4) (RGB: 231, 159, 196)<li>
 Light Orchid (Crayola Orchid) (Hex: #E29CD2) (RGB: 226, 156, 210)
 Pale Plum (web color Plum) (Medium Lavender Magenta) (Hex: #DDA0DD) (RGB: 221, 160, 221)
 Lavender Magenta (web color "violet") (Hex: #EE82EE) (RGB: 238, 130, 238)
<li style="background:orchid;"> Orchid (web color) (Hex: #DA70D6) (RGB: 218, 112, 240) (CMYK: 0,49,2,15)<li>
 Heliotrope (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #DF73FF) (RGB: 223, 115, 255)
 French Mauve (Deep Mauve) (Mauve (Pourpre.com)) (Hex: #D473D4) (RGB: 212, 115, 212)
 Opera Mauve (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #CA82AF) (RGB: 202, 130, 175)
<li style="background:#d46ff9;"> Light Veronica (Xona.com color list "[X11] Purple Light") (Hex:D46FF9) (RGB: 212,111, 249)<li>
<li style="background:#d0f;"> Psychedelic Purple (Phlox (Maerz & Paul)) (Hex: #DF00FF) (RGB: 223, 0, 255)<li>
 Vivid Orchid (Hex: #CC00FF) (RGB: 204, 0, 255)
 Neon Purple (Hex: #BC13FE) (RGB: 188, 19, 254)
Hot Purple (Hex: #CB00F5) (RGB: 203, 0, 245)
<li style="background:#c400ff;"> Electric Purple (True Purple) (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #BF00FF) (RGB: 191, 0, 255)<li>
 Pontiff (Pontiff Purple) (Hex: #AF00FF) (RGB: 175, 0, 255)
 Paars (Dutch Purple) (Hex: #AA00FF) (RGB: 170, 0, 255)
<li style="background:#a020f0;"> Veronica (Maerz & Paul) (X11 web color Purple) (Hex: #A020F0) (RGB: 160, 92, 240)<li>
 Purple (Munsell) (Munsell 5P) (Hex: #9F00C5) (RGB: 159, 0, 197)
<li style="background:#9932cc; color:#fff;"> Dark Orchid (web color) (Hex: #9932CC) (RGB: 153, 50, 204)<li>
<li style="background:#8b00cc; color:#fff;"> Deep Purple (Hex: #8B00CC) (RGB: 139, 0, 204)<li>
 Deep Indigo (web color Blue-Violet) (Hex: #8A2BE2) (RGB: 138, 43, 226)
 Lavender Indigo (Hex: #9457EB) (RGB: 148, 87, 235)
<li style="background:#9842e3; color:#fff;"> Vanda Purple (Hex: #9842E3) (RGB: 152, 66, 227)<li>
<li style="background:#7d26cd; color:#fff;"> Internet Purple (color of "all purple website" www.purple.com) (Hex: #7D26CD) (RGB: 125, 38, 205)<li>
<li style="background:#7851a9; color:#fff;"> Royal Purple (Crayola) (Hex: #7851A9) (RGB: 120, 91, 169)<li>
<li style="background:#652dc1; color:#fff;"> Purple Heart (Crayola) (Hex: #652DC1) (RGB: 101, 45, 93)<li>
<li style="background:#6600b7; color:#fff;"> Prince Fan Purple (lettering on Prince fan website Prince.org) (Hex: #6600B7) (RGB: 102, 0, 187)<li>
<li style="background:#609; color:#fff;"> Generic Purple (www.web-site-tools.com/s/660099.htm) (Hex: #660099) (RGB: 102, 0, 153)<li>
 Purple Reign (Pantone TPX 19-3620) (Hex: 54446C) (RGB: 84, 68, 108)
<li style="background:#4b308d; color:#fff;"> Purple Rain (color of lettering on Prince's album Purple Rain) (Hex: #4B308D) (RGB: 75, 48, 141)<li>
<li style="background:#3e2f84; color:#fff;"> Vulgar Purple (Grape Jelly) (Hex: #3E2F84) (RGB: 62, 47, 132)<li>
Pigment Indigo (web color Indigo) (Hex: #4B0082) (RGB: 75, 0, 130)
 Dark Indigo (Hex: #310062) (RGB: 49, 0, 98)
 Persian Indigo (Regimental (Maerz & Paul)) (Hex: #32127A) (RGB: 50, 18, 122)
 Ultramarine (pigment) (Hex: #120A8F) (RGB: 18, 10, 143)
 Persian Blue (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #1C39BB) (RGB: 28, 57, 187)
<li style="background:#3f00ff; color:#fff;"> Electric Ultramarine (Ultramarine (Maerz & Paul)) (Hex: #3F00FF) (RGB: 63, 0, 255)<li>
<li style="background:#5218fa; color:#fff;"> Han Purple (Hex: #5218FA) (RGB: 82, 24, 250)<li>
 Westminster (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #5F00FF) (RGB: 95, 0, 255)
 Indigo (Electric Indigo) (Hex: #6600FF) (RGB: 102, 0, 255)
 Pansy (Heartsease) (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #7700FF) (RGB: 119, 0, 255)
<li style="background:#8b00ff; color:#fff;"> Violet (Electric Violet) (Blue Purple) (Hex: #8B00FF) (RGB: 139, 0, 255)<li>
 Pigment Violet (web color Dark Violet) (Hex: #9400D3) (RGB: 148, 0, 211)
<li style="background:#b57edc;"> Lavender (Floral Lavender) (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #B57EDC) (RGB: 181,126,220)<li>
 Purple Mountain Majesty (Crayola) (Lavender Purple) (Hex: #9678B6) (RGB: 150, 120, 182)
 Purple-gray (Hex: #81598F) (RGB: 129, 89, 143) 
<li style="background:#926eae;"> Violet Purple (Crayola) (Hex: #926EAE) (RGB: 146, 110, 174)<li>
<li style="background:#8878c3;"> Purple Yam (Ube) (Hex: #8878C3) (RGB: 136, 120, 195)<li>
<li style="background:#9683ec;"> French Lavender (Lavender (Pourpre.com) (Hex: #9683EC) (RGB: 150, 131, 236)<li>
<li style="background:#9370db; color:#fff;"> Medium Purple (web color) (Deep Lavender) (Hex: #9370DB) (RGB: 147, 112, 219)<li>
 Amethyst (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #9966CC) (RGB: 153, 102, 204)
<li style="background:#95b; color:#fff;"> Deep Lilac (German Lilac) (Hex: #9955BB) (RGB: 153, 85, 187)<li>
<li style="background:#9a4eae; color:#fff;"> Purpureus (Purpura) (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #9A4EAE) (RGB: 154, 78, 174)<li>
<li style="background:#a757ab; color:#fff;"> Chinese Purple (Hex: #A757AB) (RGB: 167, 87, 171)<li>
 Meadow Mauve (Pantone TPX 18-3230) (Hex: #A55790) (RGB: 165, 87, 144)
 Violet Eggplant (Chinese Eggplant) (Hex: #991199) (RGB: 153, 17, 153)
<li style="background:#98508e; color:#fff;"> Striking Purple (Pantone TPX 18-3025) (Hex: #98508E) (RGB: 152, 80, 142)<li>
<li style="background:#ae4f93; color:#fff;"> Purple Orchid (Pantone TPX 18-3027) (Hex: #AE4F93) (RGB: 174, 79, 107)<li>
<li style="background:#b634bb; color:#fff;"> Purple (Pantone) (Hex: #B634BB) (RGB: 182, 52, 187)<li>
<li style="background:#ba55d3; color:#fff;"> Medium Orchid (web color) (Hex: #BA55D3) (RGB: 183, 85, 211)<li>
 Deep Fuchsia (Fuchsia (Crayola)) (Hex: #C154C1) (RGB: 193, 84, 193)
 Steel Pink (Crayola Ultra colored pencils) (Hex: #CC33CC) (RGB: 204, 51, 204)
 Rich Mauve (French Mauve) (Mauve (Pourpre.com)) (Hex: #473D4) (RGB: 212, 115, 212)
 Opera Mauve (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #CA82AF) (RGB: 202, 130, 175)
Mauve Taupe (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #AF868E) (RGB: 175, 134, 142)
<li style="background:#aa8a9e;"> Medium Vanda (Vanda (ISCC-NBS)) (Lavender Brown) (Hex: #AA8A9E) (RGB: 170, 138, 158)<li>
<li style="background:#db7093; color:#fff;"> Pale Red-Violet (web color Pale Violet Red) (Hex: #DB7093) (RGB: 219, 112, 147)<li>
<li style="background:#de5285; color:#fff;"> Fandango Pink (Pantone TPX 17-2033) (Hex: #DE5285) (RGB: 222, 82, 133)<li>
<li style="background:#d94972;"> Cabaret Purple (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #D94972) (RGB: 217, 73, 114)<li>
<li style="background:#e40078;"> Red-Purple (Gallego & Sanz) (Hex: #E40078) (RGB: 228, 0, 120)<li>
 Fuchsia Purple (Pantone TPX 18-2436) (Hex: #CC397B) (RGB: 204, 57, 123)
 Royal Fuchsia (Hex: #CA2C92) (RGB: 202, 44, 146)
 Byzantine (Maerz & Paul) (Hex:BD33A4) (RGB: 189, 51, 164)
 Fandango (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #B53389) (RGB: 181, 51, 137)
 Medium Red-Violet (Red-Violet (Crayola)) (Hex: #BB3385) (RGB: 187, 51, 133)
<li style="background:#c71585; color:#fff;"> Red-Violet (web color Medium Violet Red) (Hex: #C71585) (RGB: 199, 21, 133)<li>
 Mulberry (Crayola) (Hex: #C54B8C) (RGB: 197, 75, 140)
 Hibiscus Purple (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #B6316C) (RGB: 182, 49, 108)
<li style="background:#b21b1c; color:#fff;"> Tyrian Red (Porpora (Fantetti & Petracchi)) (Hex: #B21B1C) (RGB: 178, 27, 28)<li>
<li style="background:#b80049; color:#fff;"> Bright Tyrian Purple (Pourpre (Pourpre.com [Pre-2010])) (Hex: #B80049) (RGB: 184, 0, 73)<li>
<li style="background:#9e0e40; color:#fff;"> Rich Tyrian Purple (Pourpre (Pourpre.com)) (Hex: #9E0E40) (RGB: 158, 14, 64)<li>
<li style="background:#990024; color:#fff;"> Medium Tyrian Purple (Tyrian Purple (American Azalea Society))(Hex: #990024) (RGB: 97, 64, 81)<li>
 Amaranth Purple (Maerz & Paul) (Hex: #AB274F) (RGB: 171, 39, 79)
 Night Shadz (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #AA375A) (RGB: 170, 55, 90)
 Jazzberry Jam (Crayola) (Hex: #A50B5E) (RGB: 165, 11, 94)
Royal Heath (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #AB3472) (RGB: 171, 52, 114)
 Fuchsia Red (Pantone TPX 18-2328) (Hex: #B33A7F) (RGB: 179, 58, 127)
 Violine (Wallflower) (Hex: #A10684) (RGB: 161, 6, 132)
 Traffic Purple (RAL 4006) (Purple Grey) (Hex: #A03472) (RGB: 160, 52, 114)
 Amaranth Deep Purple (Amaranth (Maerz & Paul)) (Hex: #9F2B68) (RGB: 159, 43, 104)
 Red-Violet Eggplant (Hex: #990066) (RGB: 153, 0, 102)
 Medium Mauve (Vietnamese Mauve) (Hex: #993366) (RGB: 153, 51, 102)
 Disco (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #871550) (RGB: 135, 21, 80) 
 Boysenberry (Pantone TPX 19-2431) (Hex: #873260) (RGB: 135, 50, 96) 
 Purple Wine (Pantone TPX 18-2929) (Hex: #8E3975) (RGB: 143, 57, 117)
 Plum (Crayola) (Plum (traditional)) (Hex: #843179) (RGB: 132, 49, 121)
 Mardi Gras (Xona.com color list Mardi Gras Light) (Hex: #880085) (RGB: 136, 0, 137)
 Purple (HTML/CSS web color Purple) (Patriarch (Maerz & Paul)) (Octopus) (Hex: #800080) (RGB: 128, 0, 128)
<li style="background:#7d2181; color:#fff;"> Spanish Purple (Purpura (Gallego & Sanz)) (Hex: #7D2181) (RGB: 125, 33, 129)<li>
<li style="background:#702963; color:#fff;"> Byzantium (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #702963) (RGB: 112, 41, 99)<li>
 Imperial (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: 602F6B) (RGB: 96, 47, 107)
<li style="background:#693b71; color:#fff;"> Purple Magic (Pantone TPX 19-3540) (Hex: #693B71) (RGB: 105, 59, 113)<li>
 Purple Passion (Pantone TPX 19-3223) (Hex: #682860) (RGB: 104, 40, 96) 
 Palatinate Purple (Hex: #682860) (RGB: 104, 40, 96) 
<li style="background:#5a004a; color:#fff;"> Tokyo Purple (Japanese Imperial Purple) (Hex: #5A004A) (RGB: 90, 0, 74)<li>
<li style="background:#663854; color:#fff;"> Halaya Ube (Purple Yam Jam) (Hex: #663854) (RGB: 102, 56, 84)<li>
 Pansy Purple (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #78184A) (RGB: 120, 24, 74)
 Nightclub Purple (Xona.com color list) (Dark Mulberry) (Hex: #660045) (RGB: 102, 0, 69)
<li style="background:#66023c; color:#fff;"> Tyrian Purple (www.99colors.net) (Imperial Purple) (Hex: #66023C) (RGB: 102, 2, 60)<li>
<li style="background:#763950; color:#fff;"> Cosmic Purple (Xona.com color list) (Hex: #763950) (RGB: 118, 57, 93) <li>
 Persian Plum (Xona.com color list) (Prune) (Hex: #701C1C) (RGB: 112, 28, 28)
 Old Mauve (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #673147) (RGB: 103, 49, 71)
<li style="background:#664051; color:#fff;"> Eggplant (Crayola) (Aubergine) (Hex: #664051) (RGB: 97, 64, 81)<li>
<li style="background:#5d3954; color:#fff;"> Dark Byzantium (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #5D3954) (RGB: 93, 57, 84)<li>
<li style="background:#4d0135; color:#fff;"> Blackberry (Xona.com color list) (Dark Aubergine) (Hex: #4D0135) (RGB: 77, 1, 53)<li>
<li style="background:#4e0041; color:#fff;"> Deep Tyrian Purple (Purpura de Tiro Claro (Gallego & Sanz)) (Hex: #4E0041) (RGB: 78, 0, 65)<li>
<li style="background:#4f284b; color:#fff;"> Japanese Purple (Purple (Japanese traditional colors)) (Hex: #4F284B) (RGB: 79, 40, 75)<li>
<li style="background:#50404d; color:#fff;"> Purple Taupe (www.99colors.net) (Hex: #50404D) (RGB: 80, 64, 77) <li>
<li style="background:#350036; color:#fff;"> Dark Mardi Gras (Xona.com color list Mardi Gras) (Hex350036) (RGB: 53, 0, 54)<li>
<li style="background:#360029; color:#fff;"> Dark Tyrian Purple (Purpura de Tiro (Gallego & Sanz)) (Hex: #360029) (RGB: 54, 0, 41)<li>
<li style="background:#301934; color:#fff;"> Dark Purple (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: #301934) (RGB: 48, 25, 52)<li>
Tones of Tyrian purple
These Tyrian purple colors, all of which are also shown in the color chart above, show the original purple of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. The color imperial shown below was made by mixing Tyrian purple with indigo dye.
<li style="background:#b80049; color:#fff;"> Bright Tyrian Purple (Pourpre (Pourpre.com [Pre-2010])) (Hex: #B80049) (RGB: 184, 0, 73)<li>
<li style="background:#b21b1c; color:#fff;"> Tyrian Red (Porpora (Fantetti & Petracchiref )) (Hex: #B21B1C) (RGB: 178, 27, 28)<li>
<li style="background:#9e0e40; color:#fff;"> Rich Tyrian Purple (Pourpre (Pourpre.com)) (Hex: #9E0E40) (RGB: 158, 14, 64)<li>
<li style="background:#990024; color:#fff;"> Medium Tyrian Purple (Tyrian Purple (American Azalea Society)) (Hex: #990024) (RGB: 97, 64, 81)<li>
<li style="background:#66023c; color:#fff;"> Tyrian Purple (www.99colors.net) (Imperial Purple) (Hex: #66023C) (RGB: 102, 2, 60)<li>
<li style="background:#4e0041; color:#fff;"> Deep Tyrian Purple (Purpura de Tiro Claro (Gallego & Sanz)) (Hex: #4E0041) (RGB: 78, 0, 65)<li>
<li style="background:#360029; color:#fff;"> Dark Tyrian Purple (Purpura de Tiro (Gallego & Sanz)) (Hex: #360029) (RGB: 54, 0, 41)<li>
 Imperial (ISCC-NBS) (Hex: 602F6B) (RGB: 96, 47, 107)
Related pages
 List of colors

References 

Pigments
Shades of blue
Shades of color templates
Shades of magenta
Shades of red
Shades of violet
La Liga Filipina was a group created by Doctor Jose Rizal on July 3, 1892 in the Philippines. 
The aims were:

To unite the whole archipelago into one society with equality for Filipinos and Spaniards in the Philippines.
Mutual protection in every want and need;
Defense against all violence and injustice;
Encouragement of instruction, agriculture, and commerce; and
Study and application of reforms.

Jose Rizal tried very hard to make it a peaceful group. But the Spanish authorities considered it dangerous. On the night of July 7, 1892, Rizal was secretly arrested four days after its creation. The following day, Governor-General Eulogio Despujol ordered Rizal to be deported to Dapitan.

After Rizal's arrest, La Liga Filipina became inactive. Then it was reorganized by Domingo Franco and Andres Bonifacio. The society broke apart into two separate groups: the Cuerpo de Compromisarios which promised to continue supporting the La Solidaridad in Spain and the Katipunan in the Philippines.
Political parties in the Philippines
1890s establishments in Asia
It is the last day of the first quarter of the year.

Events
Up to 1900 
 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Maximian.
 1492 – Queen Isabella of Castile issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity, or face being forced to leave.
 1547 – King Henry II of France becomes king on his 28th birthday, following the death of his father, King Francis I of France.
 1717 – A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, provoked the Bangorian Controversy.
 1774 – American Revolutionary War: The United Kingdom of Great Britain orders the port of Boston, Massachusetts closed in the Boston Port Act.
 1822 – Massacre of the population of the Greek island of Chios by Ottoman Empire soldiers following an attempted rebellion.
 1829 – Francesco Saverio Castiglione is elected Pope, becoming Pope Pius VIII.
1854 – Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Treaty of Kanagawa with the Japanese government, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade.
 1866 – Spanish Navy bombs the harbour of Valparaíso, Chile
 1885 – The United Kingdom establishes a protectorate over Bechuanaland, present-day Botswana.
 1889 – The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated.
 1899 – Malolos, capital of the First Philippine Republic, is captured by American forces.
1901  2000 
 1901 – The 1901 Black Sea earthquake occurs.
 1903 – Richard Pearse reportedly flies a heavier-than-air machine in powered flight near Pleasant Point, South Canterbury, New Zealand; some claim 1902.
 1906 – The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for amateur sports in the United States.
 1909 – Serbia accepts Austrian control over Bosnia-Herzegovina.
 1909 – Building work on the RMS Titanic begins.
 1910 – Six North Staffordshire pottery towns merge to form Stoke-on-Trent.
 1917 – The United States takes possession of the United States Virgin Islands after paying $25 million to Denmark.
 1918 – Daylight Saving Time goes into effect in the United States for the first time.
 1918 – Massacre of ethnic Azerbaijanis is committed by groups of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks. Almost 12,000 Azerbaijani Muslims are killed.
 1921 – The Royal Australian Air Force is formed.
1930 – The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in movies for the next forty years.
 1931 – An earthquake destroys Managua, Nicaragua, killing 2,000.
 1931 – TWA Flight 599 crashes near Bazaar, Kansas, killing 8 people, including University of Notre Dame American football coach Knute Rockne.
 1933 – The Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission to relieve unemployment.
 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Christmas Island.
 1945 – World War II: A defecting German pilot delivers a Messerschmitt Me 26ZA-1, the world's first jet-powered fighter aircraft, to the Americans.
 1949 – Newfoundland and Labrador joins the Canadian Confederation and becomes the 10th province of Canada.
 1958 – Canadian Federal Election: The Progressive Conservatives under John Diefenbaker win 208 out of 265 seats in parliament, setting a Canadian record for the number of seats occupied by a single party.
1959 – The 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, crosses the border into India and is granted political asylum.
 1964 – The Dictatorship in Brazil, under general Castello Branco, begins.
 1965 – Iberia Airlines Convair 440 flight crashes into the sea off Tangier, Morocco, killing 47 out of the 51 people on board.
 1966 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 10 which later becomes the first spaceprobe to enter orbit around the Moon.
 1966 – In the United Kingdom the Labour Party under Harold Wilson is elected to a second consecutive term in government.
 1967 – Jimi Hendrix burns his guitar for the first time at London's Astoria Theatre. He is sent to the hospital afterwards for burns on his hands.
 1968 – United States President Lyndon B. Johnson announces he will not run for re-election.
 1970 – Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere (after 12 years in orbit).