Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Uses
Using computers to solve systems of linear equations is used every day.  For example, it is used in weather forecasting models.  Hot dog factories use it to make small changes in the receipe as food ingredient prices change.  College cafeterias use it to figure out how much food to cook based on past experience when the cafeteria gives students the choice between multiple entrees.

References

Textbooks

Other websites
 WebApp descriptively solving systems of linear equations with a number of methods 
 Solving system linear equations online matrix calculator and tutorial.
 Online Equations Solver
 Online linear solver
 Online Calculator of System of linear equations

Related pages
 Matrix analysis
 Numerical linear algebra

Equations
Algebra
Computer science
Linear algebra
François Boucher (29 September 1703 in Paris - 30 May 1770) was a French painter, mostly known as one of the main artists of the French rococo movement. He painted several portraits of his patroness, Madame de Pompadour. He is also known for his open-minded voluptuous paintings.

Gallery of selected works

Related pages 
 List of French painters

French painters
1703 births
1770 deaths
The Valdivia expedition was a scientific exedition to explore the Deep sea. It was a German expedition, done in 1898 and 1899. A ship was bought from Hamburg-Amerikanischen Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft HAPAG and given instruments to be able to perform scientific measurements. The ship left Hamburg on 31st July 1898 and returned on  1st May 1899. The ship had travelled over  32.000 nautical miles. The expedition was very successful. The results were published in 24 volumes; publishing them took until 1940. 

Exploration
Oceanography
Spain first took part in the Olympic Games in 1900. It has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since 1920. Spain has taken part in every Winter Olympic Games since 1936.

Spain boycotted the 1936 Summer Olympics in Nazi Germany. They also boycotted the 1956 Games in Melbourne because of the Soviet Union's invasion of Hungary.  The equestrian events in 1956 took place five months earlier in Stockholm, and Spain did compete in those events.

Spain hosted the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. Barcelona was the home city of the International Olympic Committee's president at the time, Juan Antonio Samaranch.

Spanish athletes have won a total of 132 medals. Sailing has given them their largest number of medals in one sport.  Spain has only won two medals at the Winter Games.

The Spanish Olympic Committee (Comité Olímpico Español) was created in 1924.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

 Spain profile at London2012.com
Nations at the Olympics
Olympics
Croatia took part in the Olympic Games for the first time as an its own nation in 1992. It has taken part in every Games since then.  Before 1992, Croatian athletes competed for Yugoslavia at the Olympics.

The National Olympic Committee for Croatia is the Croatian Olympic Committee. It was created in 1991. The IOC accepted the committee in 1993.

Croatian athletes have won 23 medals at the Summer Olympic Games. They won gold medals by the men's handball team in 1996 and 2004. At the Winter Olympic Games, Janica Kostelić won six medals (four gold) between 2002 and 2006. Her brother Ivica won several silver medals (in 2006 and 2010). Jakov Fak won a bronze in 2010.

Summer Olympic Games

Results by Games

Medals per sport

Winter Olympic Games

Results by Games

Medals per sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 

  Croatia profile at London2012.com 
 Croatia at Olympic.org

Sport in Croatia
Nations at the Olympics
Cyprus (CYP) has sent athletes to every Olympic Games held since 1980.

Cyprus earned its first Olympic medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics. Pavlos Kontides earned a silver medal in the men's laser sailing event.

They almost won a medal in the 2008 Olympics when Antonis Nikolaidis lost the bronze medal shoot-off in men's skeet. The first athlete from Cyprus in the modern Olympics was Anastasios Andreou in 1896. He competed under the Greek flag.  At this time, Cyprus was a British colony. The olympics does not recognise Northern Cyprus and Turkish Cypriots are unable to participate.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
 Cyprus profile at London2012.com

Republic of Cyprus
Nations at the Olympics
The Czech Republic first took part in the Olympic Games as an independent country in 1994. It has competed in every Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then.  Before 1993, Czech athletes took part in the Olympics from 1920 to 1992 as Czechoslovakia and from 1900 to 1912 as Bohemia.

Athletes from the Czech Republic have won a total of 43 medals at the Summer Games. Canoeing, shooting  and athletics have been their best sports.  They have also won 16 medals at the Winter Games. Most of their medals came from  the Czech Republic national ice hockey team and cross-country skier Kateřina Neumannová.

The National Olympic Committee for the Czech Republic is the Czech Olympic Committee. It was founded in 1899 and accepted by the International Olympic Committee in 1993.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

Medals by winter sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes
 Czechoslovakia at the Olympics
 Bohemia at the Olympics

References
References

Other websites 

 Czech Republic profile at London2012.com 

Nations at the Olympics
Olympics
was a  after Hōki and before Enryaku.  This period started in January 781 and ended in August 782.   During this time, the emperor was .

Events of the Ten'ō era

 22 December 781 (Ten'ō 1, 3rd day of the 12th month):  In 11th year of  the reign of Emperor Kōnin's reign (光仁天皇11年), he abdicated. The succession (senso) was received by his son.  Soon after, Emperor Kammu is said to have accepted the monarch's role and duties and powers (sokui).  This was confirmed in ceremonies.

Related pages 
 Nara period

References

Other websites 
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
8th-century establishments in Japan
8th-century disestablishments in Japan
782 disestablishments
781 establishments
Scaphognathus was a rhamphorhyncoid pterosaur found in the Solnhofen limestone of the  Upper Jurassic. 

It had wings that was about one meter long and a long tail shaped like a leaf. The leaf-tail probably acted like a rudder, helping it steer through the air. It was probably a diurnal (daytime) flier, where Rhamphorhynchus was probably nocturnal.

Diet 
Scaphognathus ate Pholidophorus fish.

References 

Pterosaurs
Czechoslovakia in the Olympics is a history which includes 32 games in 20 countries and 2,000+ athletes. Since 1920, Nicaragua has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Czechoslovakia was CZS.   Czechoslovakia was peacefully separated into two nations in 1993.  The Czech Republic is now is CZE and Slovakia is now SVK.

History
Czechoslovakia first took part in the Olympic Games in 1920. Before this, it competed as Bohemia from 1900 to 1912. The nation sent athletes to compete almost every Summer Olympic Games since then. They did not take part in the 1984 Games as part of the Soviet boycott of those Games.
Czechoslovakia has taken part in every Winter Olympic Games since the first Winter Games in 1924.

In 1993, Czechoslovakia was divided into the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Each of these countries sent their own teams to the Olympics since 1994.
Czechoslovakian athletes have won a total of 143 medals at the Summer Games. Most of these medals were won in gymnastics. The nation also won 25 medals at the Winter Games. Ski jumping and ice hockey have been their best sports.

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by Winter Games

Medals by summer sport

This table of summer sports does not include the bronze medal won in ice hockey at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

Medals by winter sport

This table includes the bronze medal won in Ice hockey in the 1920 Summer Olympics.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites
 

Olympics
Former nations at the Olympics
Denmark at the Olympics is a history which includes 40 games in 22 countries  and 1,800+ athletes.  Since 1896, Denmark has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".

The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Denmark is DEN.

History
Teams from Denmark have taken part in the Olympic Games since the very first games in 1896.

The National Olympic Committee for Denmark (National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark or Danmarks Idræts-Forbund Olympisk Komite) was created in 1905; and it was recognized by the International Olympic Committee the same year.

Denmark has sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games except for the 1904 Games.

Denmark has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games several times since 1948. They have been at every Games since 1988.

Danish athletes have won a total of 171 medals.  Sailing is their best medal winning sport.

Denmark has won only one medal at the Winter Games. This was in curling at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano
Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

Medals by sport

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
 National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark 
 Denmark profile at London2012.com 

Sport in Denmark
Nations at the Olympics
National sports teams of Denmark
The term drug cartel is used to describe a group who makes, distributes and sells illegal drugs on national level. Drug cartels are often doing so across multiple countries. Mostly, the cartels in areas like Mexico and South America bring drugs to North America.

The basic structure of a drug cartel is the following:
Falcons: Considered the "eyes and ears" of the cartel. Falcons are typically the lowest rank of drug cartel members. They are scouts, responsible for reporting activities of the police, military, and rival groups.
 Hitmen: These members are armed. They are responsible for carrying out assassinations, kidnappings, and theft. They are also responsible for defending their turf from rival groups and the military.
 Lieutenants: The second highest position in a drug cartel. They are typically allowed to carry out low-profile murders without permission from their bosses. They are also responsible for supervising the hitmen below them.
 Drug Lords: The highest position in a drug cartel. They are responsible for supervising the drug industry, appointing leaders, making alliances with rival groups, and planning high profile murders.
There are other members in drug cartels, typically those who are drug planters and suppliers. They are critical parts of a drug cartels operation. They are technically not considered part of the logistics in drug cartels.

Related pages 
Illegal drug trade
Organized crime

Illegal drug production and trade
Estonia first competed in the Olympic Games at the 1920 Summer Olympics after becoming independence from Russia in 1918. The National Olympic Committee was created in 1923. They were a part of the first Winter Olympics in 1924. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country became a part of the Soviet Union in 1940. In the 1980 Summer Olympics,  the Sailing regatta was held in the capital city of Tallinn.  Estonia has taken part in all Olympics since it became independent again in 1991. Estonia has won most of its medals in athletics, weightlifting, wrestling and cross-country skiing.

Medals by Olympics sport

Medals by Summer Olympics sport

Medals by Winter Olympics sport

Summer Olympics Medal Count

Winter Olympics Medal Count

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Other websites 
 Eesti Olümpiakomitee (Estonian Olympic Committee) website 
 Estonia profile at London2012.com 

Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Estonia
Neo-Keynesian economics is a school of macroeconomic thought that was developed after World War II from the writings of John Maynard Keynes. A group of economists (notably John Hicks, Franco Modigliani, and Paul Samuelson), attempted to interpret and formalize Keynes' writings, and to synthesize it with the neo-classical models of economics. This model, the IS/LM model, is nearly as influential as Keynes' original analysis in determining actual policy and economics education. It relates aggregate demand and employment to three variables, that is, the amount of money in circulation, the government budget, and the state of business expectations. This model was very popular with economists after World War II because it could be understood in terms of general equilibrium theory. Their work has become known as the neo-classical synthesis. It created the models that formed the core ideas of neo-Keynesian economics
. These ideas dominated mainstream economics in the post-war period, and formed the mainstream of macroeconomic thought in the 1950s, 60s and 70s.
In the 1970s a series of developments occurred that shook neo-Keynesian theory. The developed world suffered from slow economic growth and high inflation at the same time (stagflation). Also, the work of monetarists like Milton Friedman cast doubt on neo-Keynesian theories. The result was a series of new ideas to bring tools to Keynesian analysis that would be capable of explaining the economic events of the 1970s. The next great wave of Keynesian thinking began with the attempt to give Keynesian macroeconomic reasoning a microeconomic basis. The new Keynesians helped create a "new neo-classical synthesis" that currently forms the mainstream of macroeconomic theory. Following the emergence of the new Keynesian school, neo-Keynesians have sometimes been referred to as Old-Keynesians.

Notes and references

Economic theories

sk:Neokeynesovstvo
Clarence Smith, better known as Pinetop Smith or Pine Top Smith (June 11, 1904 – March 15, 1929) was an American boogie-woogie style blues pianist. His hit tune, "Pine Top's Boogie Woogie," featured rhythmic "breaks" that were an essential ingredient of ragtime music.

In 1991, he was added to the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame.

References

Other websites
Clarence "Pine Top" Smith on redhotjazz.com  with .ram files of his vintage recordings
[ All Music article]
Official website of the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame

1904 births
1929 deaths
Musicians from Alabama
African American musicians
American pianists
Blues pianists
A sea wall is a wall built to protect land along the coast from erosion and flooding from the sea. While they do provide protection from the waves and tides, a sea wall may also create more problems. Erosion of beach sand may increase because of the wall, and the wall may change the direction and flow of waves and caused erosion in other places.

Flood control
The Unity Broadcasting Network is an over-the-air religious television network.  The office of the company is in Booneville, Mississippi, and individual transmitter stations are located in Mississippi and Tennessee.

List of Stations

Current Stations
W15CG 15 Pontotoc, Mississippi
W18BL 18 Adamsville, Tennessee
W34DV 34 Booneville, Mississippi
W39CD 39 Fulton, Mississippi

Possible Future Stations
Channel 42 in Rolla, Missouri.
W30DC 30 in Lexington, Tennessee (Construction Permit)
W45DP 45 Humboldt, Tennessee (Construction Permit)

Former Stations
W06AW 6 Selmer, Tennessee
W45CW 45 Russellville, Alabama
W46CF 46 Tuscumbia, Alabama
K38HE 38 West Plains, Missouri
W53AF 53 Booneville, Mississippi (moved to channel 34)

Cable coverage
UBN's website says that their Booneville Channel 34 programs are carried on Comcast Cable channel 8 in Corinth, MS, and their MySpace account says they are on Comcast Cable channel 56.

References
References

Other websites
 Official Unity Broadcast Network web-site
 UBN's Present Page , displaying the current affiliates, and their broadcasting facilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

American television networks
Religious media
Jewish Life Television (JLTV) is an American television network. It shows Jewish-themed programs.  It started in 2007.  JLTV has  news, sports, lifestyle and entertainment programming. It shows movies, documentaries, music, reviews, interviews and special events.  It has broadcast studios in Los Angeles, New York City and Toronto. JLTV has bureaus in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Washington DC, Miami, London and Moscow. Members can access live and on-demand programming and watch local, national and international news stories. In the UNited States, JLTV can be seen by 33 million households across all 50 states through DirecTV, Time Warner Cable, Comcast and independent broadcast systems.

Canadian distribution
On January 26, 2011, Jewish Life Television was officially added to the CRTC's approved list of foreign services. This let the channel to expand into Canada.  Ethnic Channels Group sponsored the application to get JLTV on the approved list. That company is the official Canadian distributor of the channel.
References

Other websites
 

American television stations
2007 establishments in the United States
Rolla is a city in Phelps County, Missouri, United States, midway between the larger cities of St. Louis and Springfield along Interstate 44. Its population in the 2010 United States Census was 19,559.
It is the county seat of Phelps County.  The Rolla Micropolitan Statistical Area consists of Phelps County.

Rolla is an important center for education and research in science and technology.  It is the home of the Missouri University of Science and Technology.  In addition, the US Geological Survey operates a large regional facility. This office includes: the National Geospatial Technical Operations Center III, the Missouri Water Science Center, the Mid-Continent Geographic Science Center, National Spatial Data Infrastructure Partnership Office Liaisons, and the Rolla Science Information and Library Services office. The main office of the Mark Twain National Forest is also located in Rolla.
Although private businesses are more limited, Royal Canin, a major manufacturer of dog and cat food, operates in Rolla. Small-engine manufacturer Briggs & Stratton operated a major plant in Rolla from 1996 to 2007.

The Rolla area is part of the Ozark Highlands American Viticultural Area, with vineyards established first by Italian immigrants to the area.

Notable people
 Monica Brinkman - Local Rolla Author
 Jean Carnahan - former US Senator
 Mel Carnahan - former Governor of Missouri
 Robin Carnahan - current Secretary of State of Missouri
 Russ Carnahan -  current US Representative
 Samuel Curtis - American Civil War General (Union)
 James Franklin  - QB for the Missouri Tigers 
 Kyle Hawkins - former University of Missouri Men's lacrosse coach and gay rights pioneer
 Claire McCaskill - current United States Senator from Missouri
 Shannon Miller - Olympic Gold Medalist
 Tom Shipley - member of popular music duo Brewer & Shipley
 Sarah Steelman - former State Treasurer of Missouri
See also Notable Missouri S&T Alumni

Notes

References

Other websites 
 City of Rolla, Missouri
 Rolla Area Chamber of Commerce
 Rolla Times
 The Rolla Daily News 
 Historic maps of Rolla in the Sanborn Maps of Missouri Collection  at the University of Missouri

1858 establishments in the United States
Cities in Missouri
County seats in Missouri
Books 
 Der Lixelhix children's book, 1986
 Gegentöne - Kritische Lieder, rebellischer Rock, nonfiction, with Philipp Maurer, ÖGB-Verlag Vienna 1988
 Allerleischlau, children's book, Jugend&Volk, Vienna - Munic 1989, 
 Der Tag des Riesen, Picture Book Text, graphic: Annegert Fuchshuber, Ellermann Verlag, Munic 1989 
 Widerrede - Die Kabarettung Österreichs, nonfiction, with Philipp Maurer, ÖGB-Verlag, Vienna 1990
 Dina und der Zauberzwerg, children's book, Jungbrunnen Verlag, Vienna 1990, 
 Der freche Pelikan, Picture Book Text, graphic: Ursula Kirchberg, Ellermann Verlag, Munic 1991, 
 Isidor, der kleine Drache, Picture Book Text, graphic: Rosemarie P. Sohn, Ellermann Verlag, Munic 1991, 
 Mein Freund, der Riesenriese, children's book, Neuer Breitschopf Verlag, Vienna 1992, 
 Ich bin, wer ich will! children's book, with Christian Orou, Neuer Breitschopf Verlag, Wien 1992, 
 Freddie Flink in Schilda, children's book, with Beppo Beyerl, Neuer Breitschopf Verlag, Wien 1993,
Der Rückwärtstiger, children's book: short stories, St. Gabriel, Mödling 1995,  (Paperback: dtv 1998)
 Wienerisch - das andere Deutsch, with Beppo Beyerl and Klaus Hirtner, Rump Verlag, Lingen/Ems 1995, 
 Kuno, das Schulgespenst, children's book, 1996
 Kuno aus der Tasche, children's book: Erzählung plus Rätsel, Noten und Basteltipps, Gabriel, Vienna 1998, 
 Lexikon der nervigsten Dinge und ätzendsten Typen. Satires, with Beppo Beyerl, Munic 1998
 Valentin und Wanda, children's book, with Beppo Beyerl, Residenz Verlag, St. Pölten 2003
 Wie kommt der Esel auf die Brücke, nonfiction, with Hermann Schlösser, Molden Verlag, Vienna 2008, 
 Die rote Gitarre, children's book, illustrated by Moidi Kretschmann, G&G-Verlag, Vienna 2010, .
 Der Hase hüpft in hübschen Hosen, children's book with Audio-CD, illustrated by Lisa Manneh, G&G-Verlag, Vienna 2010, .
 Rabauken-Reime, poetrybook, illustrated by Andrea Steffen, Residenz Verlag, St. Pölten 2011, .
Songs 
(with Claudia Hainschink:) Das Lied hinter dem Lied. Dialektgedichte und Chansontexte. Cassette, IDI, Vienna 1979

with Thomas Raber 

Der Tiger und der Jäger, Zeit, Ein Kind ist keine Maschine on the CD "Liederfundkiste - Juchhe der erste Schnee", RATOM-Edition, Vienna 2011
Abrakadabra, Hänsel und Gretel auf dem Klo on the "Liederfundkiste - In Kinderstadt", RATOM-Edition, Vienna 2012
Tsching Tschang Tschung on the "Liederfundkiste - Eine Schule für Coole", RATOM-Edition, Vienna 2012
Editorship 
 Gedichte nach 1984. Poetry from Austria, by Gerald Jatzek and Hansjörg Zauner, Edition Ahnungen, Vienna 1985, 
 Erleichterung beim Zungezeigen. Poetry against frustration, by Gerald Jatzek and Manfred Chobot, Verlag Jugend & Volk, Vienna 1989, 
 Ich denk, ich denk, was du nicht denkst. Anthology for children, Neuer Breitschopf Verlag, Vienna 1991, 
 Wenn ich zaubern könnte! Anthology for children, Neuer Breitschopf Verlag, Vienna 1993
 Schmäh ohne, aber echt, Wiener Satire und Humor aus 100 Jahren, by Gerald Jatzek and Manfred Chobot, Edition Mokka, Vienna 2011,

Other websites 
Website von Gerald Jatzek
 Official Facebook-Page with poetry in English and German, translations and videos
Biographie bei aeiou.at
Darmstädter Echo: Das Hochhaus spielt Klavier 

Austrian musicians
Austrian writers
1956 births
Living people
The polar night is when it stays dark outside for more than twenty four hours. This occurs only inside the polar circles (the northernmost and southernmost areas on Earth). A lot of times It will be a polar night for the winter and the opposite happens in the summer.

References

Other websites 

 The polar night and polar darkness
 Many years' of webcam pictures from Tromsø, Norway.  These clearly show the progression into and away from winter at a latitude within the Arctic Circle.

Geography
Astronomical phenomena
The line of succession to the Japanese throne is the list of people who may become Emperor of Japan.

Order of succession
In 2019, the current order of succession is clear. 

  Emperor Shōwa (1901–1989)
  Emperor Akihito (b. 1933)
  Emperor Naruhito (b. 1960)
 (1) Fumihito, Prince Akishino (b.1965)
 (2) Prince Hisahito of Akishino (b. 2006)
 (3) Masahito, Prince Hitachi (b. 1935)

Emperor Naruhito has one daughter, Princess Aiko.  Prince Akishino currently has two daughters (Princess Mako and Princess Kako) and one son (Prince Hisahito).

Related pages 

 Order of succession
 Japanese imperial family tree
 List of emperors of Japan
 History of Japan

References

Other websites 
 Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), Genealogy ; Successive list 

 
Japan
Japanese imperial family
The Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art ("The Johnson Museum") is an art museum in Ithaca, New York. It is in the Arts Quad on the main campus of Cornell University. It is best known for its unusual concrete facade. The museum has more than 32,000 pieces of art. Each year, over 80,000 people go to the museum. It shows over 20 special exhibitions each year.

History
Cornell president Deane Waldo Malott started the University Art Museum in 1953. The A. D. White House was changed to hold Cornell's art collections. The current museum was built in 1973. It is named after Herbert Fisk Johnson, Jr.. Johnson was head of S.C. Johnson & Sons of Racine, Wisconsin ("Johnson Wax"). He was a former member of the university's Board of Trustees. He graduated in 1922. His son also served as a trustee.
Architecture
The Johnson Museum of Art was designed by architect I.M. Pei. Many people say it looks like a sewing machine from the side. Its fifth floor bridges over the open aired sculpture garden. It was made so that it would not block the view of Cayuga Lake. It has a very good view of the lake from its north and west sides. It also has a room for meetings on the sixth floor. This room was used for many years by Cornell's Board of Trustees.

The location of the museum caused many architectural problems. There was a limited amount of space to build. Also, the building could not have a large affect on the view of the lake or the Arts Quad. It is also located on the knoll where tradition said Ezra Cornell chose the site for his university, at the north end of the Stone Row of  Morrill, McGraw, and White Halls. The design wanted to visually anchor the north end of Library Slope. The final design was a narrow tower and a bridge. Critics have said it looks like a giant sewing machine.
One part of the design, which was never built, was an underground Asian art gallery. It would have included windows that opened into the Southern face of Fall Creek Gorge.

The building was awarded the American Institute of Architects Honor Award in 1975. The building's design was used on the cover of Scientific American as an early example of computer graphics.
Extension
In 2011, a new wing opened to help hold the museum's increasing collection. The new part mirrored the plans drawn up by Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. The architect in charge was John L. Sullivan III. He graduated Cornell in 1962. The  project cost $22 million. This included some changes to the main building. The money for the project came from large grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Kresge Foundation. The Asian art storage area was moved from the center of the fifth floor to the lower level of the section. This allows them to make the public gallery space on the fifth floor larger.  Galleries in the new wing will be used to show contemporary art. The upper level of the new section includes an outdoor Japanese garden.  The plans wanted a tunnel under Campus Road to be added. It would have gone through the wall of the Fall Creek gorge. This was not done because of environmental issues.
Collections
The permanent collection has more than 32,000 works of art. Most notable is the George and Mary Rockwell Asian Art collection. There are also a large number of works by American artists. These artist include Stuart Davis and Robert Rauschenberg. There is also many works by members of the Hudson River School and the American Impressionists to contemporary art. The Collection of Prints, Drawings, and Photographs has more than 15,000 works. These include works by Berenice Abbott, Robert Frank, Alfred Stieglitz, and Garry Winogrand. The fifth floor observation level holds the museum's large Asian collection.  The permanent collection also includes works from  Africa, pre-Columbian America, and Oceania. It range from ancient to contemporary societies. Its collection has two windows from Frank Lloyd Wright's Darwin D. Martin House.
Education
Classes for credit are taught by Cornell's academic departments, not by the museum. The museum does work with the teachers. It has gallery sessions for some classes.  It also has gallery tours and course-related exhibitions that are run by the faculty. The museum also hosts thematic tours for local school student field trips,. Over 7,000 schoolchildren go to the museum each year. The Johnson Museum Club is a Cornell student group that promotes student awareness of the Johnson Museum's collections, exhibitions, and resources. It hosts concerts, scavenger hunts and other events.

References

Other websites
 Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, official Cornell University website.
 Cornell University Image Collections : Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art Collection  (with photographs from museum).

Museums in New York (state)
Art museums in the United States
I. M. Pei buildings
1973 establishments in New York (state)
Cornell University
The line of succession to the Danish throne is the list of people who may become King or Queen of Denmark.

History 
Since 2009, Danish law identifies the eldest child of a Danish monarch the royal heir.  The first-born child follows his or her parent on the throne.   This is known as full or equal primogeniture.
Order of succession
In 2023, the current order of succession is clear.
	
  King Frederick IX (1899–1972)
 Queen Margrethe II (born 1940)
 (1) Crown Prince Frederik (b. 1968)
 (2) Prince Christian (b. 2005)
 (3) Princess Isabella (b. 2007)
 (4) Prince Vincent (b. 2011)
 (5) Princess Josephine (b. 2011)
 (6) Prince Joachim (b. 1969)
 (7) Count Nikolai of Monpezat (b. 1999)
 (8) Count Felix of Monpezat (b. 2002)
 (9) Count Henrik of Monpezat (b. 2009)
 (10) Countess Athena of Monpezat (b. 2012)
 (11) Princess Benedikte, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1944)
 Gustav, 7th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1969)
 Princess Alexandra of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1970)
 Count Richard von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (b. 1999)
  Countess Ingrid von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (b. 2003)
  Princess Nathalie of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1975)
 Konstantin Johannsmann (b. 2010)
  Louisa Johannsmann (b. 2015)
Note
The consent to Princess Benedikte's marriage to Prince Richard of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg in 1968 was given on the condition that their children (and further descendants) would have to take up permanent residence in Denmark during the age of mandatory education if they were to retain their succession rights. Since the condition was not met, Princess Benedikte's children are not deemed to have succession rights and are not included in the official line of succession. It is unclear whether their own descendants will have succession rights if residing in Denmark during the age of mandatory education. One Danish constitutional scholar, the late Professor Henrik Zahle, claimed that the children of Princess Benedikte do have succession rights, but without providing any arguments for the claim.

Family tree

Related pages 
 Order of succession

References

Other websites 
  Danish Monarchy , official website
  Succession to the Throne Act, 1953

Danish royalty
Denmark
The order of succession is a sequence of people and events in a specific order. It may mean the passing of royal or other powers, such as in a dynasty.

The "order of succession" may be used in a historical way such as in a list of former leaders. Also, the phrase may mean the plan for how a leader takes over from another because of death, resignation, or removal.

Past lists 
Succession becomes a chronology that has developed during time which has passed like a list of popes or a list of emperors of Japan.

Succession histories are unique but not always obvious  For example, Charles IX of Sweden (1604–1611) was only the third Swedish king named Charles.

Popes
Pope Francis is the 266th pope of the Roman Catholic Church. Saint Peter is listed as the first one.
Across the span of centuries, there have been problems with the list and the order of succession after St. Peter. For example: During the Western schism in the 14th century, there was more than one pope at the same time. Each had notable international support. Only some of then are included on the chronology of today's list.
 
European leaders then had to choose to support one pope or the other.  
France, Aragon, Castile and León, Cyprus, Burgundy, Savoy, Naples, and Scotland recognized the Avignon popes. 
Denmark, England, Flanders, the Holy Roman Empire, Hungary, northern Italy, Ireland, Norway, Poland, and Sweden recognized the Roman popes.

Japanese monarchs
Naruhito is the 126th Emperor of Japan. Emperor Jimmu is listed as the first one.

The list and the order of succession after Jimmu is not clear.  For example, during the Nanboku-chō period in the 14th century, there was more than one emperor at the same time, and each had notable support. Only some of them some are included in today's list.
For 500 years, the Imperial chronology included Emperor Kōgon, Emperor Kōmyō, Emperor Sukō, Emperor Go-Kōgon and Emperor Go-En'yū.  In the 19th century, those men were removed from the list. At the same time, Emperor Go-Murakami, Emperor Chōkei and Emperor Go-Kameyama were added.

Future list
The "order of succession" or "line of succession" is a formal plan to determine who inherits a future role or a position in a hierarchy after a death or another cause creates a vacancy or an opportunity for succession.

Many countries have developed formal succession planning. In contrast, Kim Jong-il of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea selected his youngest son as the "Dear Successor"  or "Great Successor". The process that led to his choice is not known.
Monarchies 
In some countries, including Sweden since 1980, the Netherlands since 1983, Norway since 1990, Belgium since 1991, Denmark since 2009, and the United Kingdom since 2015, the oldest child of a monarch is expected to become the next monarch. That is known as "full" or "equal" as primogeniture.

In many countries including Spain and Japan, special preference is given to male children. That is known as "male primogeniture."

Presidencies 

In the United States, the line of succession is explained in the "Presidential Succession Act of 1947". If  the US President cannot fullfil his duties, the Vice President is expected to take his place, and the House Speaker is next.

References

Government
A synchrotron light source is a source of electromagnetic radiation produced by a synchrotron. The radiation can be artificially produced for scientific and technical purposes by specialized particle accelerators, typically by accelerating electrons. Once the high-energy electron beam has been generated, it is directed into auxiliary components such as bending magnets and insertion devices (undulators or wigglers) in storage rings and free-electron lasers. 
These supply the strong magnetic fields perpendicular to the beam which are needed to convert the high-energy electron energy into light or some other form of electronmagnetic radiation.
Synchrotron radiation may occur in accelerators either as a nuisance in particle physics experiments, or on purpose for many laboratory uses.
Electrons are accelerated to high speeds in several stages to achieve a final energy that can be in the GeV range.  In the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), proton bunches also produce the radiation at increasing amplitude and frequency as they accelerate in the vacuum field, making photoelectrons. The photoelectrons then make secondary electrons from the pipe walls with increasing frequency and density up to 7x1010.  Each proton may lose 6.7keV per turn due to this phenomenon. So, both electron synchrotrons and proton synchrotrons can be a light source.
The major applications of synchrotron light are in condensed matter physics, materials science, biology and medicine. Many experiments using synchrotron light probe the structure of matter from the sub-nanometer level of electronic structure to the micrometer and millimeter level. This is important in medical imaging. An example of a practical industrial application is the manufacturing of microstructures by the Lithography, Electroplating, and Molding (LIGA) process.

References

Other websites 
 Imaging ancient insects with synchrotron light source -- BBC
 Synchrotron light at IOP

Nuclear physics
Light
Electromagnetic radiation
The line of succession to the Swedish throne is the list of people who may become Queen or King of Sweden.

History 
Since 1980, Swedish law identifies the eldest child of a Swedish monarch the royal heir.  The first-born child follows his or her parent on the throne.   This is known as full or equal primogeniture.

Order of succession 
The current order of succession is
King Carl XVI Gustaf (born 1946)
 (1) Crown Princess Victoria, Duchess of Västergötland (born 1977)
 (2) Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland (born 2012)
  (3) Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne (born 2016)
 (4) Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland (born 1979)
 (5) Prince Alexander, Duke of Södermanland (born 2016)
 (6) Prince Gabriel, Duke of Dalarna (born 2017)
 (7) Prince Julian, Duke of Halland (born 2021)
  (8) Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland (born 1982)
 (9) Princess Leonore, Duchess of Gotland (born 2014)
 (10) Prince Nicolas, Duke of Ångermanland (born 2015)
(11) Princess Adrienne, Duchess of Blekinge (born 2018)

Related pages 
Order of succession

References

Other websites 

  Swedish Royal Court ,  Bernadotte Dynasty family tree 
Successionsordning 

Swedish royalty
Sweden
The line of succession to the Dutch throne is the list of people who may become King or Queen of the Netherlands.

History
Since 1983, Dutch law identifies the eldest child of a Dutch monarch as the royal heir.  The first-born child follows his or her parent on the throne.   This is known as full or equal primogeniture.

Line of succession
Line of succession

 HM Queen Juliana (1909-2004)
 HM Queen Beatrix (Beatrix; b. 1938)
  HM The King (Willem-Alexander; b. 1967)
 (1) HRH The Princess of Orange (Catharina-Amalia; b. 2003)
 (2) HRH Princess Alexia (b. 2005)
 (3) HRH Princess Ariane (b. 2007)
 (4) HRH Prince Constantijn (b. 1969)
 (5) Countess Eloise of Orange-Nassau (b. 2002)
 (6) Count Claus-Casimir of Orange-Nassau (b. 2004)
 (7) Countess Leonore of Orange-Nassau (b. 2006)
(8) HRH Princess Margriet (b. 1943)
 HH Prince Maurits of Orange-Nassau (b. 1968)
 Anastasia van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven (b. 2001)
Lucas van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven (b. 2002)
Felicia van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven (b. 2005)
 HH Prince Bernhard of Orange-Nassau (b. 1969)
Isabella van Vollenhoven (b. 2002)
Samuel van Vollenhoven (b. 2004)
Benjamin van Vollenhoven (b. 2008)

Family tree

Related pages
Order of succession

References

Dutch
A hawker is a person who sells things that can be easily moved from place to place. They are also known as peddlers, costermongers, or street vendors. Hawkers often sells food items,various types of toys for kids,jewellery for girls and women. They attract attention by calling out, singing chants, and interacting loudly with 
customers. While hawkers can be found in markets, they often move their products from place to place in small carts. In 19th century Australia, the hawkers travelled around to distant towns and remote farms, carrying a large range of items to sell in horse drawn wagons.

Business occupations
Mechanism 
When the key is put into the lock, it rotates a set of discs with notches on them to different positions depending on the depth of the cuts in the key. The right key will line up a set of notches in a straight line, allowing a bar to fall into the notches, opening the lock. The wrong key will not put the notches in a straight line, and the bar will not fall, preventing the lock from opening. On high-end disc-detainer locks (such as Abloy), there are usually "false" notches on the disc as well. These feel like the real notch to someone trying to pick the lock, but do not allow the bar to fall. This makes it nearly impossible to pick the lock. It is possible to pick some lower-end disc-detainer locks. The disc-detainer mechanism usually does not contain any springs. This reduces the amount of wear on the cylinder.

Other websites 
A YouTube video of the mechanism

Locks
Ecological succession, is how a specific ecology changes after a disturbance like a fire.  In long-term studies, there is a species succession process in the way forests develop.

Notable ecologists  
Several scientists are prominent in the history of this theory:
 Adolphe Dureau de la Malle was the first to use the word succession.  He wrote about the process of re-growth after trees in a forest had been cut down.
 Henry David Thoreau described succession in an Oak-Pine forest in "The Succession of Forest Trees" in the year 1859.
 Henry Chandler Cowles developed a formal concept of plant-growth succession. Henry's work was based on studies of sand dunes in Danish by Eugen Warming. Cowles proposed the term sere.  This is a repeat of changes which are shown in specific environmental circumstances.
 Frederic Clements proposed a theory that seres were highly predictable.
 Henry Gleason proposed that chance factors were very important, even in highly predicable sere areas.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

 ScienceAid, "Ecosystems", Succession

Ecology
Succession may mean:

Order of succession, the chronology of past leaders; or the plan for how a future leader takes over from another because of death, resignation, or removal
Succession planning, identifying and developing people to take over senior positions in government, business, organizations, etc.
Ecological succession, the development of changes that happen over time after an ecology is disturbed
Wizard(s) may mean:

Fictional characters 
 Wizard or magician, a person in fantasy or mythology who has studied and practices magic
 Wizard (Oz), a character in L. Frank Baum's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and its movie adaptations
 Wizards (Discworld), major characters in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series
 Wizard (Middle-earth), powerful entities from the writings of J. R. R. Tolkien

Comics 
 Wizard (Archie Comics), an Archie comic book superhero
 Wizard (DC Comics), a DC comic book supervillain
 Wizard (Marvel Comics), a Marvel comic book supervillain
 The Wizard (comic), a weekly comic from D. C. Thomson & Co.
Film and television 
 The Wizard (film), a 1989 American film about a skilled video game player
 The Wizard (TV series), a short-lived 1980s CBS television series
 "The Wizard" (Seinfeld episode)
 Wizards (film), a 1977 animated post-apocalyptic fantasy/science fiction film by Ralph Bakshi
 Mr. Wizard, the stage name of Don Herbert as the host of two popular television shows about science for children

Games 
 Wizard (card game), a trick-taking card game
 Wizard (character class), magic-wielding character types in many role-playing games
 Wizards of the Coast or Wizards, a Seattle-based games publisher

Publications 
 Wizard (novel), a science fiction novel by John Varley
 Wizard (magazine), a magazine about comic books
 Wizards (anthology), an anthology of fantasy short fiction edited by Jack Dann and Gardner Dozois
 Wizard (DC Thomson), a British comic that featured Wilson of the Wizard and was merged to Rover
 The Wizard, a novel by Gene Wolfe in the series The Wizard Knight
Sports 
 Dakota Wizards, a team in the NBA Development League
 Washington Wizards, a team in the National Basketball Association

Technology 
 Wizard (software), a computer user interface that leads a user through dialog steps

Nicknames 
 Ozzie Smith, baseball player nicknamed "The Wizard"
 Gus Williams (basketball), basketball player nicknamed "The Wizard"
 Juan Quarterone, soccer player nicknamed "El Brujo" or "The Wizard"
 Jeff Farmer (footballer), nicknamed "The Wizard"
 Wizard of Menlo Park, nickame for American inventor Thomas Edison
 Wizard of New Zealand, born Ian Brackenbury Channell, orator and eccentric

Other uses 
 Wizard butterfly, the brush-footed butterfly Rhinopalpa polynice
 Wizard, a GWR Iron Duke Class steam locomotive
 Wizard Nebula, an open cluster located in the constellation Cepheus
Related pages
 The Wizard of Id, a daily newspaper comic created by Brant Parker and Johnny Hart
 Grand Wizard and Imperial Wizard, titles in the Ku Klux Klan
 Pinball Wizard, a song from The Who's rock opera Tommy
Burrel is a small town in Albania. It is 91 km from Tirana. Its population is about 18,000. It is about 320 metres above sea level, and surrounded by mountains.

The area was settled about the 8th century BC by the Illyrians. There have been 54 Illyrian burial mounds found around Burrel. The town of Burrel began in 1922 as the centre of the Mat District.

References

Cities in Albania
Dibër County
A black powder rocket motor pushes a model rocket using black powder. Black powder in the rockets is made of charcoal, sulphur, and potassium nitrate. The amount of each part can be changed to change how fast the black powder burns. The black powder burns very fast. The hot gases move fast as they leave the back of the rocket. This pushes the rocket forward.

Black powder rocket motors were made in a simple form by the Chinese. They were first written about in the early 13th century. The rocket motors have gotten better over the years. They have several uses. Some can be used as weapons. Some have cameras to take pictures from a height to get information. Some are also used just for fun.
History
Black powder is the oldest type of mixed rocket fuel. It was used in rockets even before it was used in guns. The three main parts of black powder are charcoal, sulphur, and saltpetre (or potassium nitrate). The Chinese were making black powder as early as 1045, which is about 1000 years ago. In the early thirteenth century (about 800 years ago) the Chinese turned black powder into a way to power weapons. Before that it was only used for fun. The first recorded use of rockets as military weapons was in 1232. The Chinese ‘arrows of fire’ were fired from a sort of catapult. The black powder was packed in a closed tube that had a hole in one end for escaping hot gases. The tube was mounted on a long stick so it was more balanced.
Black powder had a very low specific impulse. The way rockets were made got more advanced, but only on paper. People had not really built a much better rocket yet. They only had ideas and sketches of better models. In 1591 a Belgian, Jean Beavie, wrote about and drew the important idea of rockets that had more than one stage. This is called Multistaging. This means that the fuel is burned through in more than one step. This is the answer to escaping earth’s gravity and going into space.

By 1600, rockets were being used in some parts of Europe. They were used against cavalry, which is a group of fighting soldiers on horseback. By 1688, rockets weighing over 120 pounds had been built and fired in Germany. These German rockets could carry 16-pound warheads.
During the late 1700s, a London lawyer, Sir William Congreve, wanted to try to make rockets better. He did many experiments with different fuels and cases. His experiments were careful and orderly. He improved how far rockets could go, how stable they were, and how accurate they were. The British army used Congreve's new rockets to help them in the Napoleonic wars.

In 1939 researchers at the California Institute of Technology were trying to make a motor to help launch aircraft. They mixed black powder with common road asphalt to make the first composite motor. This was the beginning of the composite motor. It also ended the use of black powder for big rockets.
How It's Made
Black powder rocket propellant is a lot like old fashioned gunpowder. It has one different part called a binder. The binder is usually a substance called Dextrin. One common model rocket engine company is Estes Industries. Their motors are made with black powder propellant. Black powder propellant must be pressed very tightly to work well. If it is not packed tightly, it will burn too fast and might explode. A simple way of combining the parts to make black powder rocket propellant is: 75% potassium nitrate, 10% sulphur, and 15% charcoal. This is the most common way of making it. Dextrin may be added as a binder (usually between 0 and 5%). Extra (coarse) charcoal or metal powders (5 - 10%) may be added to make a spark trail. Adding these extras might change how fast the fuel burns.

Performance