Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Darul Uloom Deoband is an Islamic seminary in India. It is the birthplace of Sunni Deobandi Islamic movement. It is located in Deoband, a town in Saharanpur district, Uttar Pradesh. It was founded in 1866 by Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi.

History 
Darul Uloom Deoband was established on 31 May 1866 by Muhammad Qasim Nanotawi and other scholars in his circle. The founders include Sayyid Muhammad Abid, Mehtab Ali and Nehal Ahmad (brother-in-law of Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi).
Mahmud Deobandi was appointed as the first teacher, and Mahmud Hasan Deobandi was the first student who enrolled in the seminary.

It played an important role in the Indian independence movement. It opposed the Two-state solution proposed by All-India Muslim League.
Vice-Chancellors 
 Sayyid Muhammad Abid (1866 - 1867)
 Rafiuddin Deobandi (1867 - 1868)
 Sayyid Muhammad Abid (1869 - 1871)
 Rafiuddin Deobandi (1872 - 1889
 Sayyid Muhammad Abid (1890 - 1892
 Fazl Haq (1893 - 1894)
 Muneer Ahmad Nanautawi (1894 - 1895)
 Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad (1895 - 1930)
 Habibur Rahman Usmani (1928 - 1929)
 Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi (1928 - 1980)
 Marghubur Rahman Bijnori (1982 - 2010
 Ghulam Muhammad Vastanvi (10 January 2011 - 24 July 2011)
 Abul Qasim Nomani Banarsi (2011 - present)

References

Other websites 

 
 Tabassum F. Deoband Ulema's Movement for the Freedom of India. Jamiat Ulama i-Hind, New Delhi, pdf at Attahawi blog, July 2007.
 Deobandi Islam Global security organisation website.
 Metcalf B.  Social Science Research Council, non-profit organisation, Brooklyn, New York.
 

1866 establishments
Islam in India
Colleges and universities in India
Paul Loridant (22 April 1948 – 22 December 2020) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. From 1977 to 2008, he was Mayor of Les Ulis. From 1986 until 2004, Loridant was a member of the French Senate. Loridant was born in Ille-sur-Têt, France.

Loridant died on 22 December 2020 in Villejuif, France at the age of 72.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
French mayors
Les Ulis () is a commune in the Essonne department located in the southwestern suburbs (banlieue) of Paris, France.

References

Communes in Essonne
Ille-sur-Têt (Catalan: Illa or Illa de Tet) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales département in southern France.

References

Communes in Pyrénées-Orientales
Oppo Reno4 Lite - smartphones, developed by the company Oppo, included in the Reno series and is a simplified version of the Oppo Reno4. It was presented on 28 September 2020. In the India the smartphone was introduced on September 2, 2020 under the name Oppo F17 Pro. 1 October 2020 was presented Oppo A93, which is a similar model to the Oppo Reno4 Lite in addition to battery capacity and charging speed. 10 October 2020 Oppo A93 was presented in Indonesia called Oppo Reno 4 F.

Oppo mobile phones
Mobile phones released in 2020
Ronald Philip Lurie (January 23, 1941 – December 22, 2020) was an American businessman and politician. He was the mayor of Las Vegas, Nevada from 1987 to 1991. Lurie was a member of the Democratic Party. Lurie was born in Los Angeles, California.

Lurie, who had blood cancer, died under hospice care in Las Vegas from COVID-19 on December 22, 2020 at the age of 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Deaths from blood cancer
Mayors of Las Vegas
Politicians from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Las Vegas
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Muhammad Mustafa Mero () (1941 – 22 December 2020) was a Syrian politician. He was Prime Minister of Syria from 7 March 2000 to 10 September 2003. Mero was a member of the Ba'ath Party. He was born in Al Tall, Syria.

Mero died in Al-Tall at age 79 on 22 December 2020, from COVID-19, during the pandemic in Syria.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Syria
Prime Ministers of Syria
Özkan Sümer (20 November 194022 December 2020) was a Turkish footballer and coach. He played as defender in Trabzonspor, Galatasaray SK, and the Turkey national football team. His playing career lasted from 1967 to 1970. His managing career lasted from 1978 to 2001. 

Sümer died on 22 December 2020 in Trabzon, Turkey at the age of 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Turkish footballers
Turkish football managers
Galatasaray S.K. (football) managers
Rubén Tierrablanca González (24 August 1952 – 23 December 2020) was a Mexican-born Turkish Roman Catholic bishop. Tierrablanca González was born in Guanajuato, Mexico. He became a priest in 1978. He was titular bishop of Tubernuca and as Vicar Apostolic of Apostolic Vicariate of Istanbul and Apostolic Administrator of Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Istanbul, from 2016 until his death in office in 2020.

Tierrablanca Gonzalez died in Istanbul, Turkey at age 68, from COVID-19 in Istanbul, Turkey.

References

1952 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey
Turkish Christian clergy
People from Guanajuato (state)
Roman Catholic bishops
Mexican Roman Catholic priests
A magnon in physics is a quasiparticle with magnetic properties. It is not a  thing which exists on its own   in free space but exists only within the structure being studied  usually a crystalline solid.

Each atom in a solid has a magnetic field generated by its electrons as they spin. If these  spins all align then the solid becomes magnetic at the bulk everyday level. Usually they do not align and the magnetic field of individual atoms cancel each other out. 

Individual atoms can have their spin reversed by interaction with energy from elsewhere. A spin reversal itself  can influence the spin of the electrons in neighbouring atoms.  A wave of change in electron spins can then move through the electrons in the crystal lattice as it dissipates like waves on a pool of water.  Since the electrons are very small and governed by quantum mechanics, this wave, can be treated as though it is a number of particle like entities. These are magnetic quasi particles or magnons. 

Quantum mechanics
Magnetism
William Osborne "Tuck" Tucker III (August 20, 1961 – December 22, 2020) was an American writer, artist, animator, songwriter, and director. He was born in Lynchburg, Virginia. He was known for having worked on SpongeBob SquarePants, The Simpsons and Hey Arnold!.

Tucker died in California on December 22, 2020 at the age of 59.

References

1961 births
2020 deaths
American animators
American songwriters
American television writers
American television directors
Writers from Virginia
People from Lynchburg, Virginia
Antonio Vacca (8 August 1934 – 22 December 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1957. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Alghero-Bosa, Italy, from 1994 to 2006.

Vacca died of throat cancer on 22 December 2020 at the age of 86.

References

1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Italian Roman Catholic bishops
Mouloud Achour (19 March 1944 – 24 December 2020) was an Algerian writer, professor, and journalist.

Achour was a member and then chairman of the executive council of the Public Establishment of Television. He also directed the cabinet for the Ministry of Communications. He was editorial director of Casbah Éditions in Algiers.

Achour died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 76.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
Academics
Journalists
Algerian writers
The National Assembly of Mali is the unicameral country's legislative body of 147 voting members.

Members of the National Assembly, called deputies, are elected by direct universal suffrage for a five-year term.

References

Mali
Unicameral legislatures
Mohamad bin Aziz (29 July 1940 – 24 December 2020) was a Malaysian politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the Sri Gading constituency in the state of Johor from 1999 to 2013. He was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) party. Aziz was born in Batu Pahat, Johor.

Aziz died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Malaysian politicians
People from Johor
Maria Rosario Cordero Martin (13 August 1966 – 24 December 2020) was a Spanish politician. She was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. Cordero was born in Cáceres, Spain. From 2015 until her death, she was President of the Province of Cáceres. From 2003 until her death, Cordero was Mayor of Romangordo.

Cordero died on 24 December 2020 in Romangordo, Spain from colorectal cancer, aged 54.

References

1966 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Spanish mayors
Cancer deaths in Spain
Romangordo is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain.

References

Municipalities in Extremadura
Province of Cáceres
Ivry Gitlis (;‎ 25 August 1922 – 24 December 2020) was an Israeli violinist. He performed with the world's top orchestras, including the London Philharmonic, New York Philharmonic, Berlin Philharmonic, Vienna Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, and Israel Philharmonic Orchestra. Gitlis was born in Haifa, Palestine Mandate.

Gitlis died on 24 December 2020 in Paris at the age of 98.

References

1922 births
2020 deaths
Israeli violinists
People from Haifa
Rabbi Yehuda Herzl Henkin (1945 – December 24, 2020) was an Israeli rabbi and modern orthodox posek. He was born in Jerusalem. Henkin was the founder and head of Nishmat, the Institute for Advanced Jewish Studies for Women.

Henkin died in Jerusalem on December 24, 2020 at the age of 75.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
Rabbis from Jerusalem
Thoriq Husler (19 April 1963 – 24 December 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was born in Palopo, Indonesia. He was the Regent of the East Luwu Regency from 2016 until his death.

Husler died on 24 December 2020 in Makassar, Indonesia from COVID-19 at the age of 57.

References

1963 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Indonesian politicians
AKM Jahangir Hossain (1954 – 24 December 2020) was a Bangladeshi Bangladesh Awami League politician. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from 1991 to 1995, 1996 to 2006 and from 2014 to 2018. From 1998 to 2001, he was Minister of Textiles and Jute.

Hossain died on 24 December 2020 at a Dhaka hospital from COVID-19 at the age of 66.

References

1954 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Indonesian politicians
Milorad Janković (10 August 1940 – 24 December 2020) was a Yugoslav footballer. He played at both professional and international levels as a striker. He played club football for Radnički Niš between 1964 and 1974, and made one appearance for Yugoslavia in 1966.

Janković died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Serbian footballers
Aleksandar Ivoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Ивош; 28 June 1931 – 24 December 2020) was a Serbian footballer. In 1962, he made three appearances for the Yugoslavia national football team.

Ivoš started his football career in neighbouring FK Loznica before moving to FK Mačva Šabac in 1951. He played for FK Sloboda Tuzla before moving abroad to play in Austria and Belgium. He played with Wiener Sport-Club.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Serbian footballers
B.J. Marsh (February 21, 1940 – December 24, 2020) was an American politician and businessman. He was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 2000 to 2008 and 1988 to 1992. He was a member of the Republican Party. Marsh was born in Dade County, Missouri.

Marsh died on December 24, 2020 in Springfield, Missouri from problems caused by COVID-19. He was 80 years old.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Missouri
Businesspeople from Missouri
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Greenfield is a city in Dade County, Missouri, United States. 1,371 people lived here at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Dade County.

References

Cities in Missouri
County seats in Missouri
Pir Noor Muhammad Shah Jeelani (; 15 September 1951 – 24 December 2020) was a Pakistani politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 until his death. He was also a member of the assembly from June 2013 to May 2018. Jeelani was a member of the Pakistan Peoples Party.

Jeelani died in Karachi on 24 December 2020, at age 66, from COVID-19, during the pandemic in Pakistan.

References

2020 deaths
1951 births
Politicians from Sindh
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan
The Irawaddy frog ("Hylarana" margariana) is a frog from Myanmar.

Scientists are not sure which genus this frog should be in. That is why they write "Hylarana" in quotation marks instead of just Hylarana margariana.

References

Frogs of Asia
IUCN Red List data deficient species
Benhur L. Salimbangon (June 3, 1945 – December 24, 2020) was a Filipino politician. He was a member of KAMPI and the One Cebu party. Salimbangon was a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2007 until 2019. He was born in Cebu City.

Salimbangon died on 24 December 2020 in Cebu City from cancer, aged 75.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in the Philippines
Filipino politicians
Mojmir Sepe (11 July 1930 – 24 December 2020) was a Slovenian composer, conductor, arranger and trumpeter. His career began in 1950. Sepe was born in Jazbina, Črna na Koroškem, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He composed two Eurovision songs: "Brez besed" (1966) and "Pridi, dala ti bom cvet" (1970).

Sepe died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Slovenian writers
Slovenian composers
Conductors
Trumpeters
Felis attica is a wild cat in the Felinae subfamily.  It is extinct.

Scientists say Felis attica lived about nine million years ago. It was about the size of a bobcat and looked a little like a lynx. It may have been the ancestor of the African wildcat and of dimestic cats today.

References

Felines
Guy Newman Smith (21 November 1939 – 24 December 2020) was an English writer. He wrote pulp fiction-style horror. He also wrote non-fiction, softcore pornography, and children's literature. Smith was born in Hopwas, Staffordshire. He wrote the novel versions of many Disney animated movies.

Smith died on December 24, 2020 at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
English novelists
People from Staffordshire
David Sneddon MBE (24 April 1936 – 24 December 2020) was a Scottish football player and manager. He managed Kilmarnock to their 1979 Tennent Caledonian Cup victory. Sneddon played once for the Scotland national under-23 football team in 1958.

He was awarded an MBE in 2014. 

Sneddon died on 24 December 2020 at the age of 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Scottish football managers
Scottish footballers
People from North Ayrshire
Minoru Makihara (January 12, 1930December 13, 2020) was a British-born Japanese business executive. He was the chief executive of the Mitsubishi Corporation from 1992 to 1998 and chairman from 1998 to 2004. He was born in London.

Makihara died on December 13, 2020 in Tokyo from heart failure at the age of 90.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
Japanese businesspeople
Businesspeople from London
Deaths from heart failure
John Joseph Cremona (January 6, 1918 – December 24, 2020) was a Maltese politician and lawyer. He was the Attorney General of Malta during independence talks in 1964. He helped write the Constitution of Malta. He was the chief justice of Malta from 1971 to 1981.

Cremona died at the age of 102 on December 24, 2020.

References

1918 births
2020 deaths
Maltese politicians
Maltese lawyers
Judges
Siv Widerberg (12 June 1931 – 24 December 2020) was a Swedish writer and journalist. She received doctor honoris causa from the University of Umeå.  She was born in Bromma, Sweden. She was a member of the Swedish Academy for Children's Books. 

Widerberg died on 24 December 2020 in Stockholm, aged 89.

References

1931 births
2020 deaths
Swedish journalists
Writers from Stockholm
Reginald Thomas Foster  (November 14, 1939 – December 25, 2020) was an American Catholic priest and friar of the Order of Discalced Carmelites. From 1970 until his retirement in 2009, he worked in the Latin Letters section of the Secretariat of State in the Vatican.

Foster died on December 25, 2020 at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
American Roman Catholic priests
Writers from Milwaukee
Dabbing, or the dab, is a simple dance move in which a person drops their head into their bent upwardly angled arm, while raising the opposite arm out straight in a parallel direction. 

Since 2015, dabbing has been used as a playful manner, becoming a youthful fad and Internet meme.

The move looks like someone sneezing into their elbow.

References

Internet memes
Dance
Milena "Milka" Babović (27 October 1928 – 26 December 2020) was a Croatian sprint and hurdles runner and journalist. Babović was born in Skopje and grew up in Sarajevo, but moved to Ruma and Belgrade. She came in fifth place at the 1954 European Championships. 

She was a journalist for Narodni sport. She was a multiple-time president of the sport journalist section of the Croatian Journalist Association and was a member of the Yugoslav Olympic Committee.

Babović died of COVID-19 in Zagreb on 26 December 2020 at the age of 92.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia
Croatian writers
Hurdlers
Yugoslavian journalists
People from Sarajevo
Sprinters
Yugoslavian athletes
Brian Arthur Roland Binley (1 April 1942 – December 2020) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Northampton South from 2005 to 2015. Binley was born in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire.

Binley died in December 2020 at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
People from Northamptonshire
George Blake ( Behar; 11 November 1922 – 26 December 2020) was a British spy. He worked as a double agent for the Soviet Union. He became a communist and decided to work for the KGB while he was a prisoner during the Korean War. 

His crimes as a double agent were discovered in 1961 and he was sentenced to 42 years in prison. He escaped from Wormwood Scrubs prison in 1966 and fled to the Soviet Union. 

Blake died on 26 December 2020, at the age of 98, in Moscow.

References

1922 births
2020 deaths
British criminals
British intelligence people
People from Rotterdam
British spies for the Soviet Union‎
The Cambridge Spy Ring was a group of spies in the United Kingdom that passed information to the Soviet Union during and after World War II. It was active from the later 1930s until at least into the early 1950s. 

None was ever prosecuted for spying. The number and membership of the ring became public slowly, since the 1950s. Their most damaging achievement was to pass information about the Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union.
The sudden flight of Donald Maclean (cryptonym: Homer) and Guy Burgess (cryptonym: Hicks) to the Soviet Union in 1951 was the first public news. 

In 1961, defector Anatoliy Golitsyn provided information which pointed to Kim Philby. Philby (cryptonyms: Sonny, Stanley), fled the country in 1963. He spent the rest of his life in Moscow.
After Philby's flight, British intelligence got confessions from Anthony Blunt (cryptonyms: Tony, Johnson) and then John Cairncross (cryptonym: Liszt), who were the last two of a group of five. Their involvement was kept secret for many years: until 1979 for Blunt, and 1990 for Cairncross.  

The group became known as the Cambridge Five. All five spies met as students or teachers at Cambridge University.

References

British spies for the Soviet Union‎
World War II
Cold War
1940s in England
1950s in the United Kingdom
University of Cambridge
Anthony Frederick Blunt (26 September 1907 – 26 March 1983), styled Sir Anthony Blunt KCVO from 1956 to 1979, was a British art historian and spy. In 1964, he confessed to having been a spy for the Soviet Union and was part of the spy group the Cambridge Five.

Blunt was the "fourth man" of the Cambridge Five, a group of Cambridge-educated spies working for the Soviet Union from some time in the 1930s to at least the early 1950s. 

The height of his spying was during World War II, when he passed intelligence to the Soviet Union. His confession was a closely guarded secret for years. It was revealed by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in November 1979. He was stripped of his knighthood immediately.

Blunt was professor of art history at the University of London, director of the Courtauld Institute of Art, and Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures.

References
References

1907 births
1983 deaths
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
English historians
British intelligence people
British military personnel of World War II
English LGBT people
Gay men
LGBT academics
People from Bournemouth
British spies for the Soviet Union‎
Writers from Hampshire
Chic McLelland (24 March 1953 – 26 December 2020) was a Scottish football player and manager. He played for Aberdeen, Motherwell, Dundee and Montrose. His playing career lasted from 1973 to 1990. His managing career lasted from 1990 to 1991.

McLelland was born in Glasgow. He died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 63.

References

1953 births
2020 deaths
Footballers from Glasgow
Scottish football managers
Julio César Rojas López (June 14, 1955 – December 26, 2020) known as Tito Rojas a.k.a. "El Gallo Salsero" was a Puerto Rican salsa singer. He was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico. His career began in 1972. He was known for his albums: Tres Mujeres (1987), Sensual (1990), Vida (2010), Independiente (2011) and El Viajero (2014).

Rojas died on December 26, 2020, at the age of 65, after suffering a heart attack in Humacao.

References

1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Puerto Rican singers
Humacao () is a municipality in Puerto Rico.

References

Municipalities of Puerto Rico
Nomvuzo Francisca Shabalala (1960 – 26 December 2020) was a South African politician. She was a member of the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party. From 2011 to 2016 she was the deputy mayor of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality. In 2018, Shabalala was elected a member of the National Assembly.

Shabalala died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 60. The cause of death was problems caused by COVID-19.

References

1960 births
2020 deaths
South African MPs
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
South African mayors
Kadambur R. Janarthanan (22 October 1929 – 26 December 2020) was an Indian politician and trade unionist. He was born in Tamil Nadu, India. He was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1984. He left the parliament in 1996 only to serve again from 1998 to 1999.

Janarthanan died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 91.

References

1929 births
2020 deaths
Tamil Nadu politicians
Indian businesspeople
Trade unionists
The Leader of the Opposition is an informal term given to the leader of the largest party not in government in the Scottish Parliament. Since  6 May 2021, this has been Douglas Ross  of the Scottish Conservative Party.
List of Leaders of the Opposition in the Scottish Parliament 
 Alex Salmond (Scottish National Party) - 12 May 1999 - 26 September 2000
 John Swinney (Scottish National Party) - 26 September 2000 - 3 September 2004 
 Nicola Sturgeon (Scottish National Party) - 3 September 2004 - 17 May 2007
 Jack McConnell (Scottish Labour Party) - 17 May 2007 - 15 August 2007
 Cathy Jamieson (Scottish Labour Party) - 15 August 2007 - 14 September 2007
 Wendy Alexander (Scottish Labour Party) - 14 September 2007 - 28 June 2008
 Cathy Jamieson (Scottish Labour Party) - 28 June 2008 - 14 September 2008
 Iain Gray (Scottish Labour Party) - 13 September 2008 - 17 December 2011
 Johann Lamont (Scottish Labour Party) - 17 December 2011 - 24 October 2014
 Jackie Baillie (Scottish Labour Party) - 24 October 2014 - 13 December 2014
 Kezia Dugdale (Scottish Labour Party) - 13 December 2014 - 13 June 2015
 Iain Gray – (Scottish Labour Party) – 13 June 2015 – 15 August 2015
Kezia Dugdale (Scottish Labour Party) – 15 August 2015 – 6 May 2016
 Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 6 May 2016 - 15 September 2018
 Jackson Carlaw (Scottish Conservative Party) – 15 September 2018 – 3 May 2019
 Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 3 May 2019 – 29 August 2019
 Jackson Carlaw (Scottish Conservative Party) – 29 August 2019 – 30 July 2020
 Ruth Davidson (Scottish Conservative Party) – 11 August 2020 –  6 May 2021
 Douglas Ross (Scottish Conservative Party) – 6 May 2021 –present
References

Scotland
Scottish Parliament Members
Ruma () is a town and municipality in the Srem District of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2011, 30,076 people lived there.

References

Towns in Serbia
"More Cowbell" is a comedy sketch. It is a part of Saturday Night Live. It was first shown on television on April 8, 2000. The sketch is shown as a fake episode of Behind the Music. It is about the real band Blue Öyster Cult making a sound recording for the song "(Don't Fear) The Reaper". Will Ferrell is shown in the sketch as a man playing the cowbell. He plays the cowbell very loud and annoys the members of Blue Öyster Cult. Christopher Walken is in the sketch as a music producer that keeps asking for the cowbell to be louder.

Many people thought that it was one of the best sketches of Saturday Night Live. Rolling Stone named it the 9th best sketch of Saturday Night Live. "More Cowbell" became a catchphrase in popular culture.

References 

2000 in American television
Rastamouse is a British animated program on CBeebies.

The show was released from January 31, 2011 to June 15, 2015.

References 

British television
Peter Parker, known as Spider-Man, is a fictional character who appears in some movies in the Marvel Cinematic Universe such as Captain America: Civil War, Spider-Man: Homecoming, Avengers: Infinity War, Avengers: Endgame, Spider-Man: Far From Home, and Spider-Man: No Way Home. He is based on the Marvel Comics superhero of the same name and is played by Tom Holland. This is the third time Spider-Man has been played in the movies, following after Tobey Maguire's portrayal in Sam Raimi's film series and Andrew Garfield's portrayal in Marc Webb's The Amazing Spider-Man movies.
Fictional biography
Peter Parker is a teenager in New York City who has had spider-like abilities for a while. He lives with his Aunt May and is best friends with Ned Leeds. One day, Tony Stark, the president of Stark Industries who also serves as Iron Man, comes to visit him and Aunt May. Mr. Stark recruits Peter, who he has figured out is Spider-Man, to fight alongside some other superheroes during a dispute with Captain America. Peter continues to work with Stark as an intern for the Avengers, gaining the technology needed to improve his suit and equipment, but after getting in trouble with Mr. Stark, must fight the criminal known as "The Vulture" alone, regaining Stark's respect.
Peter is later found not guilty, but his fame as Spider-Man negatively affects his life, as well as those of Ned, MJ, and Aunt May. He goes to Dr. Stephen Strange to try and make everyone forget he is Spider-Man, but due to trying to make some last-minute changes to have MJ, Ned, and Aunt May remember, the spell backfires and brings a few villains from other universes who know Peter is Spider-Man into this universe. Dr. Strange is mad and wants Peter, MJ, and Ned to find the villains, but after learning that the villains will most likely die fighting their versions of Spider-Man, Peter fights with Dr. Strange over this and wants to make the villains good again. He cures Doc Ock, but the Green Goblin, who has two personalities, has his bad personality come out and free the villains, also killing Aunt May. Peter's friends, as well as two other versions of himself from the other universes, "Peter Two" and "Peter Three", make him feel better and help him track down and cure all the bad guys
. The only way everything can be fixed now is if Peter has everyone forget who he is, even his friends and family, but Peter says it's okay to Dr. Strange, saying goodbye to MJ and Ned but promising to find them. After the spell is fixed and sends everyone home, Peter goes on his own way as Spider-Man.
Reception
Tom Holland's portrayal of a teenaged Spider-Man in the films has been mixed, as they praised his suit and performance while others criticizied for being annoying and childish.

References

Fictional characters introduced in 2016
Fictional orphans
Marvel Comics mutates
Marvel Comics superheroes
Spider-Man movie characters
Slovene Americans or Slovenian Americans are Americans of Slovene or Slovenian descent.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Latvian Americans are Americans who are of Latvian ancestry. According to the 2008 American Community Survey, there are 93,498 Americans of full or partial Latvian descent.

Ethnic groups in the United States
Turn or Turn: Washington's Spies is an American television show. It is set during the American Revolutionary War.  It is about the spies and the beginning of espionage.  It was on television for four seasons.  It started in 2014.

Development

Turn is based on the Culper Ring, real spies from the Revolutionary War.  The television show was based on the book Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring, by Alexander Rose.  The book is not fiction.  Rose is one of the show's producers and writers.

Story

A cabbage farmer named Abraham Woodhull (Jaime Bell) and his friends become spies for George Washington (Ian  Kahn).  The story covers the British plan to use counterfeit money, the time Benedict Arnold changed sides, and the execution of John André.

Setting

Much of the story takes place on Long Island in New York.  It also shows other parts of the American colonies, including Manhattan, Philadelphia, and West Point.
Accuracy
According to Long Island historian Margo Arceri, the show is "about 70 percent inaccurate."

Results

Because of the television show, more tourists came to Long Island.  Many of the buildings where the real Culper Ring spies worked are still there.

Related pages
Culper spy ring

References

Other websites
Turn on IMDB

2014 American television series debuts
2017 American television series endings
2010s American drama television series
Spy television series
English-language television programs
Icelandic Americans are Americans of Icelandic descent or Iceland-born people who reside in the United States. Icelandic immigrants came to the United States primarily in the period 1873–1905 and after World War II.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Iceland
Estonian Americans () are Americans who are of Estonian ancestry, mainly descendants of people who left Estonia before and especially during World War II. According to the 2013 American Community Survey, there were over 27,000 Americans of full or partial Estonian descent, up from 26,762 in 1990.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Faroese Americans are Americans of Faroese descent or Faroe Islands-born people who reside in the United States. The Faroe Islands are a group of eighteen islands between Iceland and Norway, and they are a part of the Kingdom of Denmark. There are approximately 50,000 Faroese people living in the Faroe Islands today. It is not known how many Faroese Americans there are.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Monacan Americans are Americans born in or with ancestry from the principality of Monaco. It can also refer to people born in the United States residing in Monaco.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Kazakh Americans are Americans of full or partial Kazakh ancestry. Although in the 1960s the population of Kazakh origin in United States was estimated in 3,000 people, the Census 2000 puts the population size in less of 300 people. According to the American Community Survey in 2010-2012 there were more than 23,000 people born in Kazakhstan, but not all of them are of Kazakh ethnicity.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Kashubian Americans are Americans of Kashubian descent. The two earliest Kashubian American settlements in the United States were located around Winona, Minnesota, and Portage County, Wisconsin, which are across the Mississippi River from each other.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States

Americans
Sorbian Americans or Wendish Americans are Americans of Sorb/Wend descent. The largest community of Sorbs in the United States is in Texas, with a population of around 588 Sorbs/Wends.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
Liechtensteiner Americans are Americans of Liechtensteiner descent.

History 
The first Liechtensteiner emigrants of which have record emigrated in United States in the early 1830s. However, first great wave of Liechtensteiner emigrants arrived to the United States on April 7, 1851, settling in New Orleans; and in 1852 other group emigrated to Dubuque, Iowa (including stonemasons, bricklayers and carpenters). Eventually, many of the Liechtensteiner emigrants of Dubuque left the city and got farms nearby. However, the Liechtensteiner emigration was reduced during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Later, when the construction of railroads began "lying the country together and opening up the West", other Liechtensteiners emigrated to United States to work in the construction of railroads.
During the following decades, many other Liechtensteiners emigrated to places such as Guttenberg, Iowa and Wabash, Indiana. However, between 1885 and 1907, Liechtensteiner emigration slowed, limited to a few individuals and families. Less than 30 Liechtensteiners emigrated during that period to United States. Reducing migration was due to the large increase in economic activity from the establishment of first textile factories in the 1880s.

The First World War caused an economic crisis in Liechtenstein (which originated, among other things, because the Entente allies stopped the "import of raw materials" into the country and the "massive speculation by the national bank"), so the Liechtenstein emigration to United States was retaken. Most of the new Liechtensteiner emigrants settled in urban areas, especially in Chicago and Hammond, Indiana, but there were Liechtensteiners throughout the country.
After the Second World War, a few more Liechtensteiners emigrated to the United States, the largest number arriving in 1948, when fifteen individuals or families came to this country. The reduction of the Liechtenstein emigration was due to improvements in economic conditions of Liechtenstein.

References

Ethnic groups in the United States
The Cajuns, also known as Acadians, are an ethnic group mainly living in the U.S. states of Louisiana and Texas, and in the Canadian maritime provinces consisting in part of the descendants of the original Acadian exiles-French-speakers from Acadia in what are now The Maritimes of Eastern Canada.

References

Other websites

Ethnic groups in the United States
Uruguayan Americans (,  or ) are Americans of Uruguayan ancestry or birth. The American Community Survey of 2006 estimated the Uruguayan American population to number 50,538, a figure that notably increased a decade later.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Bolivian Americans (,  or ) are Americans of at least partial Bolivian descent.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Costa Rican Americans () are Americans of at least partial Costa Rican descent.

References 

Ethnic groups in the United States
Nancy Kress (born January 20, 1948) is an American science fiction writer. She began writing in 1976. She has achieved her greatest notice since her Hugo and Nebula Award winning novella Beggars in Spain. The book, in 1993, became a novel.

Kress later won the Nebula Award for Best Novella for another book: After the Fall, Before the Fall, During the Fall in 2013. She also won in 2015 for the book Yesterday's Kin.

Kress, in addition to her novels, has written a number of short stories. She is a regular columnist for Writer's Digest. 

Kress was born in Buffalo, New York.

References

1948 births
American science fiction writers
Award winning writers
Writers from Buffalo, New York
Living people
Ina Rosenberg Garten (pronounced EYE-nuh; born February 2, 1948) is an American author and host of the Food Network show Barefoot Contessa. She was a staff member of the White House Office of Management and Budget. Garten has a number of best-selling cookbooks, magazine products and a popular Food Network television show.

Garten was born in Brooklyn, New York.

Works

Books 
 The Barefoot Contessa Cookbook (1999), Clarkson Potter,  
 Barefoot Contessa Parties! Ideas and Recipes For Easy Parties That Are Really Fun (2001)
 Barefoot Contessa Family Style: Easy Ideas and Recipes That Make Everyone Feel Like Family (2002)
 Barefoot in Paris: Easy French Food You Can Make at Home (2004)
 Barefoot Contessa at Home: Everyday Recipes You'll Make Over and Over Again (2006)
 Barefoot Contessa Back to Basics: Fabulous Flavor from Simple Ingredients Clarkson Potter. 2008. .
 Barefoot Contessa: How Easy Is That? Clarkson Potter. 2010. .
 
 
 Cooking for Jeffrey: A Barefoot Contessa Cookbook Clarkson Potter. 2016.
Magazine columns 
 "Entertaining is Fun!" (Martha Stewart Living 1999–present)
 "Entertaining." (O, The Oprah Magazine 2003–present)
 "Ask the Barefoot Contessa." (House Beautiful 2006–present)

Television 
 From Martha's Kitchen: Ina Garten's Kitchen Clambake (2000)
 Barefoot Contessa (2002–present)
 Chefography (2006-2010)
 30 Rock (2010-2011)

References

1948 births
American television personalities
Writers from Brooklyn
Living people
On December 25, 2020, a recreational vehicle (RV) exploded in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States, injuring three people and damaging many buildings. 

Human remains were found at the site of the explosion. The explosion took place at 166 Second Avenue North between Church Street and Commerce Street at 6:30 am.

Many people heard gunshots, and loudspeakers on the vehicle telling people to evacuate before the explosion happened. 

The explosion was felt many miles away from the crime site. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is leading the investigation. 

Authorities said the next day that the attack was likely a suicide bombing. The FBI named a 63-year-old man as a person of interest in the investigation. The FBI searched his home in Nashville on December 26. However it was later confirmed that the perpetrator of the bombing, Anthony Quinn Warner, was killed in the explosion.

References
References

2020 crimes in the United States
2020s in Tennessee
Attacks on buildings and structures in the 2020s
Building bombings in the United States
December 2020 events
Explosions in 2020
2020 bombing
Suicide bombings in the 2020s
Suicide car and truck bombings
Suicide in 2020
Car and truck bombings in the 2020s
Ned Wynn (April 27, 1941 – December 20, 2020) was an American actor and screenwriter. He was born in New York City. He played Alonzo in The Absent-Minded Professor (1961) and Son of Flubber (1963). He also played Luke in Stagecoach (1966).

Wynn was the son of actor Keenan Wynn and grandson of Ed Wynn.

Wynn died on December 20, 2020 in Sonoma County, California from Parkinson's disease-related problems, aged 79.

References

1941 births
2020 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
William D. "Bill" Magee (June 21, 1939 – December 24, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a  member of the New York State Assembly, who represented the 121st Assembly District from 1991 until 2018. He was born in Oneida, New York. He was also a businessman.

Magee died on December 24, 2020 in Nelson, New York at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York (state)
Oneida () is a city in Madison County.

References

Cities in New York (state)
Wampsville is a village found inside the Town of Lenox in Madison County, New York. About 543 people lived here as of the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Madison County.

References

Villages in New York (state)
County seats in New York (state)
Lenox is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. 9,112 lived here as of the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York (state)
Nelson is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. About 1,980 people lived here at the 2010 census.

References

Towns in New York (state)
Amit Mitra (born 20 December 1947) is an Indian economist and politician. He is a member of the All India Trinamool Congress and the current Finance, Commerce & Industries Minister of the government of Indian state of West Bengal.

He is the current MLA in the West Bengal state assembly from the Khardaha state assembly constituency. He was awarded Padma Shri at 2007. He beat Asim Dasgupta, the ex-West Bengal Finance Minister.

He was the Secretary general of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

References

1947 births
Living people
Politicians from Kolkata
Indian businesspeople
Indian economists
Daniel Allen Hodge (May 13, 1932 – December 25, 2020) was an American wrestler and boxer. He was born and raised in Perry, Oklahoma. He was known for being able to crush apples with one hand. He won a silver medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Hodge died of Alzheimer's disease-related problems in Perry on December 25, 2020 at the age of 88.

References

1932 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American Olympic silver medalists
American wrestlers
American boxers
Sportspeople from Oklahoma
Barry Holstun Lopez (January 6, 1945December 25, 2020) was an American writer. He won the National Book Award for Nonfiction for Arctic Dreams (1986) and his Of Wolves and Men (1978) was a National Book Award finalist.

Lopez died on December 25, 2020 from prostate cancer in Eugene, Oregon at the age of 75.

References

1945 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
American novelists
American essayists
Writers from New York (state)
American environmentalists
Gregorio Salvador Caja (11 July 1927 – 26 December 2020) was a Spanish linguist. Salvador Caja was born in Cúllar, Granada, Spain. His works were about structural semantics. He wrote for the Spanish newspaper ABC. Salvador Caja was elected to the Real Academia Española on 5 June 1986.

Salvador Caja died on 26 December 2020 at the age of 93.

References

1927 births
2020 deaths
Spanish writers
Linguists
The French Sailing Federation (FFV) () is the governing body of sailing in France.

Other websites
Official site 
ISAF MNA Microsite 

1940s establishments in France
1946 establishments in Europe
Sports governing bodies in Europe
Michael John Sutton (5 October 1944 – 26 December 2020) was an English professional footballer. He was born in Norwich, England. His playing career lasted from 1962 to 1984. He played for Norwich City, Chester City, Carlisle United and Great Yarmouth Town.

Sutton died of dementia-related problems on 26 December 2020 at the age of 76.

References

1944 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from dementia
English footballers
People from Norwich
Sportspeople from Norfolk
Sunil Kothari (20 December 1933 – 27 December 2020) was an Indian dance historian, scholar and critic. He was a professor at Ravindra Bharti University in Kolkata. He started his career with The Times of India. He also taught at Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics. In 2001, he was honored with the Padma Shri.

Kothari died on 27 December 2020 from cardiac arrest in Kolkata, one week after his 87th birthday.

References

1933 births
2020 deaths
Dance in India
Indian historians
Indian academics
Indian journalists
Dance critics
Hector and the Search for Happiness is a 2014 comedy-drama movie directed by Peter Chelsom. It was based on François Lelord's book. 

The movie stars Simon Pegg, Rosamund Pike, Toni Collette, Jean Reno, Stellan Skarsgård, Barry Atsma and Christopher Plummer with Togo Igawa.

The movie was released on 15 August 2014 to negative reviews and has a 37% on Rotten Tomatoes.

References

2014 comedy-drama movies
British comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
German comedy movies
German drama movies
Canadian comedy movies
Canadian drama movies
South African movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Peter Chelsom
Barry Atsma (born 29 December 1972) is an English-born Dutch actor. Atsma played Michael in the 2014 comedy-drama Hector and the Search for Happiness and Christie in the 2018 British television series The Split.

References

Other websites
 
 

1972 births
Living people
Dutch movie actors
Dutch television actors
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Dutch stage actors
Actors from London
Nicolas Hénard (born 16 September 1964 in Calais) is a French skipper. He is the current president of the French Sailing Federation.

1964 births
Sailors
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
French Olympic gold medalists
People from Pas-de-Calais
Living people
, known professionally as , is a Japanese actor. He was born in Tokyo. Igawa is known for his roles in British movies. His career began in 1979. 

Igawa is known for his roles in Revolver, Memoirs of a Geisha and The Last Samurai. He also voiced Hiro in many Thomas & Friends movies.

References

1946 births
Living people
Japanese movie actors
Japanese television actors
Japanese voice actors
Japanese stage actors
Actors from Tokyo
One Blackfriars is a skyscraper in London located at No. 1 Blackfriars Road in Bankside. It has 52 floors and 274 apartments, a hotel and retail shops. The building is  tall. It is also known as The Vase or The Boomerang due to its shape.

Design 
The shape was inspired by the shape of glass vase Lansetti designed by Timo Sarpaneva in 1952.

Construction 
Construction of the tower started in 2013. It includes 13 studio houses, 78 one bedroom houses, 120 two bedroom houses, 56 three bedroom houses, 6 four bedroom houses and 1 three apartment house. The tower was finished in 2019.

References 

Skyscrapers in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Southwark
Peter Chelsom (born 20 April 1956) is a British movie director, screenwriter, and actor. He has directed the movies Hector and the Search for Happiness, Serendipity, and Shall We Dance?

References

1956 births
Living people
English movie directors
English screenwriters
English movie actors
Writers from Lancashire
Actors from Blackpool
Carlos Eduardo Cintra da Costa Pereira (April 23, 1940 – December 13, 2020), better known as Carlos Eduardo Cadoca or simply Cadoca, was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was born in Recife, Pernambuco. 

Cadoca was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement, Social Christian Party and the Communist Party.

Cadoca was a member of the Recife city council from 1983 to 1995. He later was a member of the Pernambuco Legislative Assembly from 1995 to 1999. From 1999 to 2019, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies.

On December 13, 2020, Cadoca died in Recife from problems caused by COVID-19, aged 80.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Brazilian lawyers
Brazilian politicians
Aaron Gabriel Ehasz (born June 16, 1973) is an American television writer and producer. He is known for being the co-executive producer of Avatar: The Last Airbender and the co-creator of the Netflix series The Dragon Prince.

In November 2019, Ehasz was accused of sexism while working for Netflix.

References

1973 births
Living people
American television producers
American television writers
Writers from Maryland
Businesspeople from Maryland
Many overlapping cooper pairs can exist in the same nanometer sized space. Since paired electrons constitute a boson the motions of all of the cooper pairs within a single superconductor synchronise and they function as if they are a single entity. This is known as the Bose–Einstein condensation. The Cooper pairs  form this condensate, which is superfluid or super-conducting.  Small disturbances such as scattering of electrons are forbidden in this state  as long as the temperature remains low.  It moves as one showing no resistance to its motion. It is hence now a superconductor.
Electromagnetism
In fish, an operculum is a structure made of bone that covers and protects the gills.

Animal anatomy
Fish