Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Radiolaria are amoeboid protists which produce mineral skeletons. The skeletons, usually of silica (SiO2), have a central capsule. This divides the cell into inner and outer portions, called endoplasm and ectoplasm. 

Radiolaria are found as zooplankton throughout the ocean, and their skeletal remains cover large portions of the ocean floor as radiolarian ooze. Radiolaria have existed since the beginning of the Palaeozoic era. They take their name from the radial symmetry of most species. They are valuable markers or diagnostic fossils, because they have a rapid turn-over of species. This helps to identify strata, and to correlate strata at different sites.

Radiolaria are heterotrophs (eat other things), but also may include protist algae as endosymbionts.
Structure 
The skeletons of radiolarians are generally organized around spicules, or spines, which extend from the main skeletal mass. Formed from the fusion of many of these spines is the outermost skeleton, the shell or test. Connecting this shell to the many concentrically organized inner shells are bars or beams, which strengthen and support the structure.

The nuclei and most other organelles are in the endoplasm, while the ectoplasm is filled with frothy vacuoles and lipid droplets, keeping them buoyant. Often it also contains symbiotic algae which provide much of the cell's energy. Not much is known about the living amoebae because they cannot be cultured in the laboratory.

Other websites 
 NHM rotating glass model

References 

Protista
Led Zeppelin IV is the fourth album from the rock band Led Zeppelin. The real title of the album is , but since it's impossible to say these symbols, it is normal just to say Led Zeppelin IV. Some people also say The fourth album, 'Zoso', Symbols or simply call it Untitled. It was released on November 8, 1971 and recorded at a big house called Headley Grange in 1971. The album is the band's most famous and most successful album, and also has their best known song, "Stairway to Heaven". For this album, the band used many different genres and recording techniques, they had rock and roll songs, acoustic songs and heavy blues songs. Many fans and critics think that "Stairway to Heaven" is one of the best songs of all time, if not the greatest, as well as the album itself. There are also many other notable songs on the album, "Rock and Roll" was played in almost every concert the band did after the release of the album, while songs such as "Black Dog and "Going to California" were played for most of the shows
. All of the songs have become regulars on American rock radio.
The four symbols 
For this album, the band chose to not have a normal name for their album, so that people would just listen to the music without caring about the title and get wrong expectations. Jimmy Page got the idea that each member of the band should choose their own symbol to represent them on the album title. Each band member have been closely associated with their symbol during and after the career of Led Zeppelin, and they have all used them after the release of the album. For example, John Bonham used to have the three rings on his bass drum and Jimmy Page has used the Zoso symbol on his amplifier as recent as the reunion concert in 2007 at the London 02 Arena.

Track listing

Original release

Deluxe edition (2014)

References

Other websites 
Official website 
Jimmy Page on Led Zeppelin IV

Led Zeppelin albums
1971 albums
Heavy metal albums
Folk albums
Squeeze are a British rock/new wave band from London.  They were active from 1974 to 1982 and 1985 to 1999. They reunited in 2007.

1974 establishments in the United Kingdom
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English punk bands
English rock bands
Musical groups established in 1974
Musical groups from London
New wave bands
Houses of the Holy is the fifth album from rock band Led Zeppelin, released on March 28 1973, but recorded in 1972. This album has many different music styles on it, like reggae, funk, acoustic songs and folk-like rock songs. Many fans and critics thought when the album was released, that it was not as good as the album they made two years earlier, Led Zeppelin IV, but today it is seen as one of their best albums. Songs like "The Song Remains the Same", "No Quarter", "Over the Hills and Far Away" and "The Rain Song" were performed for almost all tours after the release of the album. "The Song Remains the Same" is also the title of their 1976 movie, but recorded in 1973 and 1974.

Song listing

Other websites 
official website

Sources 
Houses of the Holy info

Led Zeppelin albums
1973 albums
Hard rock albums
Heavy metal albums
Blues rock albums
A heat lamp is a lamp (light) with the main purpose of making heat.  This is commonly infrared light but white light incandescent lightbulbs are also used.  Sometimes the glass of the light bulb is colored to cut out yellow and even higher frequency light (to let the infrared light through, which has most of the heat).

Humans can use these lamps to keep warm, to warm a part of the body that is injured and needs gentle heat, etc. These lamps are also frequently used to keep baby chickens, piglets or other baby animals warm.

Heat
The Maltese lira was the type of money that was used in Malta before it was replaced by the euro in 2008.

Former currencies of Europe
Malta
Robert "Bobby" Lee Dodd (November 11, 1908 – June 21, 1988) was an American college football coach at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame as a player and coach. He is one of only three people to have done this.

Dodd was born in Galax, Virginia. He moved to Kingsport, Tennessee and played several sports at Dobyns-Bennett High School. After high school, he played as a quarterback at the University of Tennessee. From 1931–1945, he worked as an assistant coach for William Alexander at Georgia Tech. Alexander hired Dodd while he was still a student at Tennessee. Dodd replaced Alexander in 1945 and became the third head coach at Georgia Tech. He retired from coaching after the 1966–67 season, with 165 wins, 64 losses, and 8 ties in his career. He also worked as athletic director for Georgia Tech from 1950 until 1976. Dodd died in June 1988 at the age of 79 in Atlanta, Georgia.
Player
Dodd was quarterback for the University of Tennessee football team from 1928 to 1930.  He played for its coach, Robert Neyland. Dodd wanted to play for Georgia Tech but was not offered a scholarship. In the games that Dodd started at Tennessee, they had a record of 27–1–2.

Dodd played a major role in one famous game. During his sophomore year, in a game against Alabama, "Dodd threw a touchdown pass in that game to tie Alabama, 13–13. Then he punted out of bounds inside the Alabama 1-yard line and Tennessee got a safety on the next play to win, 15–13."  This was an important game for both teams since they were rivals.
Another time in Dodd's playing career showed the thinking he would use in his coaching career. "Against Florida in 1930 he got his teammates in a huddle and told them about a play he had used in high school. When the ball was snapped, it was placed on the ground unattended. The players ran in one direction. Then the center returned, picked up the ball, and waltzed to the winning touchdown." Tennessee fans even developed a catch phrase for Dodd during his time there: "In Dodd we trust."

Dodd was selected to be on Grantland Rice's All-American team in 1930.  He was the second player from Tennessee to make an All American team.  The first was Gene McEver in 1929.  In 1959, Dodd was selected for the University of Tennessee's Hall of Fame and to the College Football Hall of Fame as a player. He was elected in the same year as teammate Herman Hickman.
Coach
Dodd had a 165–64–8 record as head coach at Georgia Tech. He led Georgia Tech to two Southeastern Conference (SEC) championships (1951 and 1952) and one national championship in 1952. While he was coach, Tech played in 13 major bowl games. The school won 9 of these games, including six in a row from 1951 to 1956. His team had a 31-game winning streak from 1951 to 1953.

Dodd took over the Georgia Tech football program after Coach Alexander's retirement in 1944. Dodd's coaching ideas were about developing and treating his players well. He did not believe in hard physical practices. Instead, he liked practices that were about the small details of football. Dodd's ideas led to winning. He set the record for career wins at Tech at 165 career coaching wins including a 31-game winning streak from 1951–1953. He also won two Southeastern Conference Titles and the 1952 National Title.  The 1952 title was part of a 12–0 perfect season and Sugar Bowl win over Ole Miss.
Dodd also understood the rivalry with the University of Georgia. His teams won 8 games in a row over the Bulldogs from 1946–1954.  They had 176 points to Georgia's 39 during the winning streak.  This 8–game winning streak is still the longest winning streak for either side in the series.  Dodd ended his career with a 12–9 record against Georgia.
Dodd's career included Georgia Tech leaving the Southeastern Conference.  The initial reason for them leaving was a feud between Dodd and Alabama Crimson Tide Coach Bear Bryant. The feud began when Tech was visiting the Tide at Denny Stadium in 1961. After a Georgia Tech punt, Alabama fair-caught the ball. Chick Granning of Georgia Tech was running down to tackle the receiver of the punt, but relaxed after the signal for the fair catch. Darwin Holt of Alabama continued play and hit his elbow into Granning's face. This caused severe breaks in Granning's face, a broken nose, and blood-filled sinuses. Granning became unconscious and suffered a severe concussion.  These injuries left him unable to play football ever again. Dodd sent Bryant a letter asking Bryant to suspend Holt.  Dodd felt that Holt injured Granning on purpose. Bryant never suspended Holt. The lack of punishment made Dodd angry and caused him to want to leave the SEC.
Another issue for Dodd was Alabama's and other SEC schools' recruiting of players. Schools would recruit more players than they could have on their roster. During the summer practice sessions, the teams would remove extra players.  This would happen after the signing day which meant those players could not find somewhere else to play. Dodd asked the SEC leaders to punish the "tryout camps" of other SEC members, but the SEC did not. Finally, Dodd took Georgia Tech out of the SEC in 1963. Tech would play without a league like Notre Dame and Penn State (at the time) during the final four years of Dodd's coaching career. In 1967, Dodd passed the head coach position to his favorite assistant, Bud Carson. Dodd continued to work as  athletic director which he had first been hired as in 1950. He would not retire from athletic directing until 1976. In 1983, he said he would like to run a United States Football League team if Atlanta was given one. The league, however, shut down before Atlanta received a team.
Legacy

Dodd wanted to win every game, but unlike some other coaches, he did not believe in risking his athletes' health in order to win. He believed that the most important part of college football was the college football player.

In honor of the character of Dodd, each year a Division I college coach who has shown leadership both on and off the field is awarded the Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award.  This award is given by the Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Foundation. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1959 and as a coach in 1993. In 1988, Georgia Tech named its stadium Bobby Dodd Stadium in honor of him. The Bobby Dodd Institute is a group that helps people with disabilities; it is named in honor of Dodd for his help to the disabled.

References

1908 births
1988 deaths
American football quarterbacks
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Sportspeople from Virginia
Walnut Hills High School is a high school in Cincinnati, Ohio. According to Newsweek, Walnut Hills is the best school in Ohio. It helps prepare you for college. The school colors are blue and gold. The motto is "Sursum ad summum", which is Latin for "Rise to the Highest". The mascot is the eagle, and the sports teams are known as "The Eagles". They have a newspaper that comes out every month and have a magazine that comes out every year.

Cincinnati
Schools in Ohio
Wrongful life is a legal action in which someone is sued for not stopping the birth of a severely disabled child.  In this type of lawsuit a child and the parents will sue a doctor or a hospital.  The doctor or hospital is sued for not giving information about the disability during the pregnancy.  The doctor or hospital may have not provided all the information on a genetic case before the pregnancy.  The parents argue that if the mother had known this information, she would have had an abortion, or chosen not to become pregnant at all.

In the past, only parents could sue for their own damages the occurred as a result of the birth of a disabled child (e.g., the mother's own pregnancy medical bills and cost of psychiatric treatment for both parents' emotional distress resulting from becoming aware that their child was disabled).  This cause of action is known as wrongful birth.  But the child could not sue for his or her own damages, which were often much more in terms of money and harm.
In four U.S. states, the child is allowed to start a wrongful life cause of action for damages.  In 1982, the Supreme Court of California was the first state supreme court to permit the child's right to sue for wrongful life, but in the same decision, limited the child's recovery to special damages.  

Most other jurisdictions, including England and Ontario, have not allowed the wrongful life cause of action.

Related pages
Wrongful birth
Wrongful abortion
Bioethics

References

Further reading 
 Appel, Jacob M.   Physicians, Wrongful Life and the Constitution, Medicine & Health, Rhode Island Volume 87, Number 2.  February 2004.  Retrieved October 28, 2008.

Other websites 
Sydney Morning Herald article from May 2004
Article on wrongful life in the Cornell Law Review.

Abortion
Law
In Physics, intensity can usually be understood as the strength of something like a beam of light while Intensity in general refers to the amount of light that is falling at a point. To figure out (i.e., compute) the exact intensity of a beam of light or a fire hose spraying water, we need to know how many units of light or water are coming to some area in some period of time. A factory might have an "intensity" of 100 cars per day delivered to the loading dock. A fire hose might have an intensity of 100 buckets of water per minute per open window of a certain size in a burning building. 

Usually, when talking about intensity, you are talking about the amount of energy of particles or radiation per unit area. Since each particle spreads out from the source in a sphere, the area is measured as the surface area of this sphere, or , where  is the distance from the source to the observer. 

Physical quantity
Baked Alaska is a dessert made of ice cream on top of slices of sponge cake or Christmas pudding and covered with meringue. The whole dessert is then baked in a very hot oven for just long enough to cook the meringue.  The meringue is a good insulator, and the short cooking time prevents the heat from getting through to the ice cream.

Its name, but not the recipe, was made at Delmonico's Restaurant in 1867 to honour the new American territory of Alaska.

February 1 is Baked Alaska Day.

Variations
A slightly changed dessert called Bombe Alaska came from Noel, Alaska. Some dark rum is splashed over the Baked Alaska, and the whole dessert is flambéed while being served.

References

Baked foods
Ice cream
Dean Koontz (born July 9, 1945 in Everett, Pennsylvania) is a writer from the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. He is known for writing in the suspense thriller genre. Many of his books have been New York Times Bestsellers.

Other websites

1945 births
Living people
Writers from Pennsylvania
Everett is a borough in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. The population is 1,765 as of the 2020 census.

Writer Dean Koontz was born here.

References

Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Christmas pudding or plum pudding is a steamed dessert that originated in the 1420s and is served on Christmas Day (December 25). It tastes like steamed pudding, with lots of dried fruits and nuts, and made with suet (animal fat). It is eaten in large amounts during the Christmas holidays. It is a traditional food to have at Christmas.

Other websites
Christmas pudding Nutrition facts 

Desserts
Anna Henrietta Bergendahl (born December 11, 1991) in Katrineholm, Sweden is a singer and former Idol 2008 contestant. Bergendahl won Melodifestivalen 2010 and represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 in Oslo. Her song This Is My Life is currently at number one on the Swedish single chart. In Idol 2008 she finished in fifth place.

References

Other websites 

1991 births
Living people
Eurovision Song Contest entrants
Swedish pop singers
Singers from Stockholm
Swedish composers
Nordic skiing is a sport in the Winter Olympics.  It is called that because it comes from the Nordic countries.  It includes cross-country skiing, which involves skiing over very long distances.  It also involves ski jumping.

Skiing
Winter Olympic sports
Eugene T. "Gene" McEver (September 15, 1908 - July 12, 1985) was a Hall of Fame college football player for the University of Tennessee.  He was born in Bristol, Virginia in 1908.

Playing career 
McEver was the first ever All American for the Tennessee Volunteers football team.  He played for them in 1928, 1929, and 1931 for coach Robert Neyland.  McEver missed the 1930 season with a knee injury.  McEver scored 130 points for the Volunteers in 1929, helping them to a 9-0-1 record. The total led the NCAA in scoring that year. That total is still the record for most points in one year at Tennessee.  McEver also holds the record for career scoring at Tennessee among non-kickers.

McEver finished his career with 44 touchdowns and 12 points after touchdown for 276 points. He was named to the All-Southern team in 1928, 1929, and 1931, with teammates Bobby Dodd and Herman Hickman. McEver was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954.
Coaching career 
McEver coached at Davidson College in North Carolina from 1937 through 1943. His record there was 16-43-4. McEver also coached the University of North Carolina to a 1-7-1 record in 1944. He was an assistant coach at Virginia Tech from 1944 to 47.

Sources 

 College Football Hall of Fame Bio 
 2006 University of Tennessee Football Media Guide

American football running backs
Sportspeople from Birmingham, Alabama
1908 births
1985 deaths
The United States Football League was a football league in the 1980s. The spring and summer is when the USFL would play football. Entrepreneur Donald Trump owned some parts of the league. John Bassett was the late owner of the Tampa Bay Bandits, of the USFL.

Other websites 
 History

American football
Whistler is a village in the British Columbian province of Canada. The population as of 2006 is 9,248 and the mayor of Whistler is Nancy Wilhelm-Morden. It is located on the Sea to Sky Highway (Highway 99), which goes from the Peace Arch Border Crossing in Surrey, British Columbia to the Cariboo Highway (Highway 97) 10 kilometres north of Cache Creek, British Columbia. Over two million people visit Whistler annually, and it is usually for alpine skiing and mountain biking at the Whistler-Blackcomb ski resort. Whistler was the host Mountain Resort of the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympic Games.

Other websites
Whistler's Official website
Whistler Tourism

Ski areas and resorts in Canada
Settlements in British Columbia
The Bundeswehr (German for "Federal Defence Force"; ) are the German Armed Forces. The German armed forces are for the unified Germany itself and do not have several parts for the States of Germany.

There are five sections: three bigger ones: Heer (Army), Marine (Navy) and Luftwaffe (Air Force) form one unified force, not three separate fighting forces. And two smaller ones: Joint Support Service (Streitkräftebasis) and Central Medical Services (Zentraler Sanitätsdienst).

In peace-time the commander-in-chief is the Federal Minister of Defence, and in wartime the Chancellor of Germany. This is unlike most countries where the head of state is commander in chief.

In March 2012, there were about 207,000 soldiers serving in the Bundeswehr; there are another 200,000 in reserve. Conscription for the Bundeswehr has been abolished in July 2011.

Related pages
 NATO
 Luftwaffe
 Wehrmacht

Sources 

German military organizations
The Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Award is college football award given every year to the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision head coach whose team does well on the field, in the classroom, and in the community.  The award is named for Bobby Dodd.  Dodd was head football coach at Georgia Tech.  The award was made in 1976 to honor the values that Dodd held.  Coaches who win the award are chosen by a committee of college football experts and all previous winners.  The winner is announced during half-time of the Chick-fil-A Bowl on December 31 in Atlanta, Georgia.   A formal presentation is held later, usually on the university campus of the winner.
Winners
Only Joe Paterno of Penn State has received the award twice, in 1981 and in 2005.  Four schools have had two different coaches given the award: Michigan with Bo Schembechler in 1977 and Lloyd Carr in 2007; Air Force with Ken Hatfield in 1983 and Fisher DeBerry in 1985, Georgia Tech with Bobby Ross in 1990 and George O'Leary in 2000 and TCU with Jim Wacker in 1984 and Gary Patterson in 2009.

Other websites
 Bobby Dodd Coach of the Year Foundation official website 

College football coaches
Sports trophies and awards
Shane Andre Mosley (born September 7, 1971) is a retired American professional boxer from Pomona, California. Mosley has held world titles in three weight divisions.  He held the IBF Lightweight Championship, WBC & WBA (Super) Welterweight Championships and WBC, WBA (Super) & The Ring Light Middleweight Championships.

References 
 official website 
 Sugar Shane Mosley record 

American boxers
Living people
1971 births
Sportspeople from Pomona, California
Craftsman may refer to:

 Someone who practices a craft
 Craftsman architecture, a style of architecture
 Craftsman Truck Series, a race for trucks
Kingsport is a city in Hawkins and Sullivan counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. Most of the city is in Sullivan County. Kingsport is the biggest city in each county but it is not the county seat of either. As of the 2020 census its population was 55,442.

The name is based on "King's Port" which referred to the area around Ross's Landing. It is part of what is known as the "Mountain Empire," which includes a portion of southwest Virginia and the mountainous counties in Tennessee to the east.

Pal's Sudden Service, a regional fast-food restaurant chain, opened its first location in 1956 and is headquartered in Kingsport. In 2001, Pal's Sudden Service, won the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, becoming the first restaurant company to receive the award.

Geography

Kingsport is located at  (36.536851, -82.542123) where U.S. highways 11 and 23 meet. Kingsport is also the starting and ending point of Interstate 26.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 45.0 square miles (116.6 km²), of which, 44.1 square miles (114.1 km²) of it is land and 0.9 square miles (2.4 km²) of it (2.07%) is water.

Education
People who live in Kingsport use the Kingsport City Schools public school system.  The system has eight elementary schools, two middle schools, and one high school.  Kingsport is also home to eight private academies.  The city is also part of Sullivan county which has 2 other high schools in Kingsport.

While no college or university houses its main campus within the city, Northeast State Community College, East Tennessee State University, and University of Tennessee have branch campuses in Kingsport.
Neighborhoods
There are several neighborhoods located within or just outside of Kingsport, offering different ways of living:
 Allandale
 Amersham
 Bloomingdale
 Borden Village
 Carter's Valley
 Cliffside
 Colonial Heights
 Cooks Valley
 Downtown
 Edinburgh
 Fairacres
 Fort Robinson
 Gibson Town
 Green Acres
 Highland Park
 Hillcrest
 Huntington Hills
 Indian Springs (Fall Creek & Airport)
 Litz Manor
 Lynn Garden
 Malabar Heights
 Meadowview
 Midtown
 Morrison City
 Orebank
 Preston Forest
 Preston Hills
 Ridgefields
 Riverfront
 Riverview
 Rock Springs
 Sevier Terrace
 Sullivan Gardens
 Tellico Hills
 White City

Notable people
Lisa Alther, author, born and grew up in Kingsport
 Edward L. Ayers, Bancroft Prize-winning historian and ninth president of the University of Richmond, raised in Kingsport
 Barry Bales, Grammy Award-winning musician with Alison Krauss and Union Station
 Fredrick 'Pal' Barger, founder of Pal's Sudden Service
 James F. Barker, president of Clemson University (1999–2013)
 Nick Castle, actor who played Michael Myers in the original Halloween, was born in Kingsport and makes appearances at the local haunted houses.
 Jeff Chapman-Crane, Appalachian artist
 Harry Coover, inventor of Super Glue
 Denny Crawford, professional football player
 Amy Dalley, country music artist
 Bobby Dodd, College Football Hall of Fame inductee as both a football player (University of Tennessee) and coach (Georgia Institute of Technology)
 Bobby Eaton, professional wrestler
 Elle and Blair Fowler, online beauty retailers who spent part of their childhoods in Kingsport
 Daniel Kilgore, professional football player, Kansas City Chiefs
Cliff Kresge, Nationwide Tour golfer who splits his time between homes in Kingsport and Florida
 Hal Lawton, President & CEO of Tractor Supply, graduate of Sullivan South High School
 Blake Leeper, Paralympic silver medallist
 Cripple Clarence Lofton, noted boogie-woogie pianist and singer, born in Kingsport
 Matt Mahaffey, musician, frontman of pop/rock band Self
 Brownie and Stick McGhee, brothers and blues musicians, grew up in Kingsport and other East Tennessee towns
 Ken Mellons, country music artist
 John Palmer, former NBC News correspondent, born in Kingsport and a graduate of Dobyns-Bennett High School
 Jimmy Quillen, member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee's 1st congressional district (1963–1997)
 John Shelton Reed, sociologist and essayist, author or editor of eighteen books, most of them dealing with the contemporary American South
Selwa Showker "Lucky" Roosevelt, Chief of Protocol of the United States from 1982-1989 and former journalist for the Washington Post, married Archibald B. Roosevelt, grandson of President Theodore Roosevelt
 Coty Sensabaugh, cornerback for the Pittsburgh Steelers
 Gerald Sensabaugh, retired NFL cornerback, played for the Jacksonville Jaguars and the Dallas Cowboys
 LeRoy Sprankle, high school multi-sport coach, author, and general manager of the Canton Independents
 Adam Steffey, bluegrass artist
 Bill Streever, biologist and author
 Cyrus Thomas, entomologist and ethnologist 
 Steven Williams, actor who starred in 21 Jump Street and The Blues Brothers
 Charles Wright, poet who spent part of his childhood and adult life in Kingsport
Sports
The Kingsport Axman of the Appalachian League, a rookie-level league, play in the city. The team has competed in the city since 1969, with the exception of 1983. The Mets play in Hunter Wright Stadium named after Mayor Hunter Wright. Previously the team was known as the Kingsport Mets. Their name changed in 2020.

References

Further reading
 Long, Howard. Kingsport: A Romance of Industry. Overmountain Press (October 1993) 
 Spoden, Muriel Millar Clark. The Long Island of the Holston: Sacred Island of the Cherokee Nation.  ASIN: B0006WOGAM
 Wolfe, Margaret Ripley. Kingsport Tennessee: A Planned American City.  University Press of Kentucky (November 1987)

Other websites
 
 DiscoverKingsport.com : Historical Research Kingsport TN
 Kingsport City Schools
 Kingsport Times-News
 Kingsport Daily News 
 Kingsport Chamber of Commerce
Cities in Tennessee
1822 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Tennessee
Tri-Cities, Tennessee
Sullivan County, Tennessee
Washington County, Tennessee
Mississippi State University is a university in Starkville, Mississippi.  It has 20,138 students and is the largest college in the state of Mississippi.   The college was opened in 1878 as a land-grant university.  Its sports teams are called the Bulldogs (men's teams) and Lady Bulldogs, and play in the Southeastern Conference.

References

Other websites
Official website
Official sports website

Colleges and universities in Mississippi
Mississippi State
1878 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in Mississippi
The University of Mississippi (also called Ole Miss) is a university in Oxford, Mississippi.  The college was founded in 1848.  Its sports teams, called the Rebels, play in the Southeastern Conference.

History
In September 1962, James Meredith won a lawsuit to secure admission to the previously segregated University of Mississippi. He attempted to enter campus on September 20, on September 25, and again on September 26.  He was blocked by Mississippi Governor Ross Barnett, who said, "[N]o school will be integrated in Mississippi while I am your Governor."  The Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals held Barnett and Lieutenant Governor Paul B. Johnson, Jr. in contempt, with fines of more than $10,000 for each day they refused to allow Meredith to enroll.
Attorney General Robert Kennedy sent U.S. Marshals. On September 30, 1962, Meredith entered the campus under their escort. Students and other whites began rioting that evening, throwing rocks and then shooting guns at the U.S. Marshals guarding Meredith. Two people were killed; 28 marshals suffered gunshot wounds; and 160 others were injured. After the Mississippi Highway Patrol withdrew from the campus, President John F. Kennedy sent regular US Army forces to the campus to quell the riot.  Meredith began classes the day after the troops arrived.

References

Other websites
 Ole Miss website

Southeastern Conference
Colleges and universities in Mississippi
1848 establishments in the United States
1840s establishments in Mississippi
Targovishte is a town in the northeastern part of Bulgaria. It is a capital of Targovishte Province. It is 125 km to the west of the Black Sea. About 37,000 people live in the town.

Towns in Bulgaria
The Gits was a punk rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1986 and disbanded in 1993 after the mysterious murder of their lead singer Mia Zapata. Joan Jett who is a long time fan of The Gits wrote a song entitled "Go Home" which was inspired by the death of Mia Zapata.

The band's original name was "Snivelling Little Rat Faced Gits" which was named after a Monty Python skit but they later shortened it to The Gits.

Discography
 Frenching the Bully (C/Z Records) (1992). 
 (Reissued on Broken Rekids), (2003) 
 Enter: The Conquering Chicken (C/Z Records) (1993). 
 (Reissued on Broken Rekids), (2003) 
 Kings & Queens (Broken Rekids) (1996) 
 Seafish Louisville (Broken Rekids) (2000) 
 Best of The Gits (Liberation) (2008)

Other websites 
The Gits Official Site 
The Gits Site (Spanish)
American punk bands
Musical groups from Seattle
Musical groups established in 1986
Musical groups disestablished in 1993
1986 establishments in the United States
1993 disestablishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Washington (state)
1990s disestablishments in Washington (state)
A penalty shootout in association football is a way of deciding who wins match if both teams have scored the same number of goals.

If the score is a draw after 90 minutes, usually the teams will play an extra 30 minutes of extra time. If the score is still equal, then a penalty shootout takes place. Usually each team takes five penalties each, and the team who scores the most wins. If both teams are equal after these penalties, then each team will take one more penalty until one team is ahead.

Penalty shootouts are normally only used in cup matches, and not league matches. If nobody wins in a league match, both teams get one point for the draw. In a cup match often a winner in needed to go to the next round.

Many famous cup finals have been won by penalty shootouts, like the 2006 World Cup final, the 2005 UEFA Champions League final and the 1994 World Cup final.

Sources 
FIFA laws of the game 

Football (soccer) terminology
Jersey Shore is an MTV reality series that features eight housemates who spend their summers in New Jersey and partying in their beach house and working at a store. Season 1 was shot in Seaside Heights, New Jersey and season 2 was shot in Miami, Florida. The cast later returned to Seaside Heights for Season 3 with a new cast member Deena. MTV has later reported that Season 4 of Jersey Shore will be filmed in Italy during spring and summer 2011. Also, cast members Snooki and JWoww have a spinoff show. The show has brought a lot of controversy about its use of the slang word "guido/guidette" and how they portray Italian American stereotypes. Despite this, the show has brought record high ratings for MTV, making it the network's most viewed reality show ever. MTV announced that they were going to cancel the series after 6 seasons.
Cast members
 Angelina "Jolie" Pivarnick (Season 1–2), a New York City bartender
 Jenni "JWoww" Farley (Season 1–6), graphic designer and club promoter from Franklin Square, New York
 Michael "The Situation" Sorrentino (Season 1–6), assistant manager of a fitness center in Staten Island, New York
 Nicole "Snooki" Polizzi (Season 1–6), aspiring veterinary technician from Marlboro, New York
 Paul "DJ Pauly D" DelVecchio (Season 1–6), disc jockey from Johnston, Rhode Island
 Ronnie Ortiz-Magro (Season 1–6), tries not to fall in love at the Jersey Shore
 Sammi "Sweetheart" Giancola (Season 1–6), entered for the sole intent of having fun
 Vinny Guadagnino (Season 1–6), entered to enjoy his first summer as a 21-year-old
 Deena Nicole Cortese (Season 3–6), a friend of Polizzi's from New Egypt, New Jersey, who auditioned for Season 1, but did not make it until Season 3.

References

Other websites
Jersey Shore's Official MTV website
2009 American television series debuts
2012 American television series endings
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American reality television series
Television series set in New Jersey
English-language television programs
Bloodhound Gang is a comedy rock band from Pennsylvania. Many of their songs have humorous rap and sexual innuendo. They are best known for their hit singles "Fire Water Burn" and "The Bad Touch". Formed in 1992, their music style slowly changed from rap to alternative rock. The Bloodhound Gang has sold more than 6 million albums.

Members

Final line-up 

Jimmy Pop – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, songwriter (1991-2015)

Evil Jared Hasselhoff – bass guitar (1995-2015)

Q-Ball – turntables, keyboard, backing vocals (1995-2015)

The Yin – drums, percussion (2006-2015)

Daniel P. Carter - lead guitar (2009-2015)

Former members 

Foof – vocals (1992)

Bubba K. Love – drums (1992-1993)

Daddy Long Legs – vocals, bass guitar (1992-1995)

M.S.G. – turntables (1993-1995)

Skip O'Pot2Mus – drums (1993-1995)

Tard-E-Tard – turntables (1995)

Spanky G – drums (1995-1998)

Lupus Thunder - lead guitar (1994-2008)

Willie The New Guy – drums (1999-2006)
Discography
Studio albums
 Use Your Fingers (1995)
 One Fierce Beer Coaster (1996)
 Hooray for Boobies (2000)
 Hefty Fine (2005)
 Hard-Off (2015)

References

1991 establishments in the United States
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American comedy bands
American punk bands
American rock bands
Hip hop bands
Musical groups established in 1991
Musical groups from Pennsylvania
1990s establishments in Pennsylvania
"Savior" is a hit single from the American punk rock band Rise Against's 2008 fifth studio album Appeal to Reason. It was released as the album's third single on June 3, 2009, and it peaked at number three on Billboard's Alternative Songs chart, better than the peak set by the same album's first single, Re-Education (Through Labor), and at number seven on the Rock Songs chart. It became the band's second single to reach the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, peaking at number 16.  It is also Rise Against's highest charting single on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles, peaking at number 2.

The song is downloadable, plus content for the Rock Band series along with "Prayer of the Refugee" and "Re-Education (Through Labor)". Also, in the trailer for the PC game The Sims 3: Ambitions the song plays in the background in Simlish.

References

Rise Against
The Unraveling is the debut album by the American punk rock band Rise Against. Released on April 24, 2001 and produced by punk producer Mass Giorgini. It is the only Rise Against studio album where frontman Tim McIlrath does only lead vocals and does not play guitar. Two songs, "My Life Inside Your Heart" and "The Art of Losing" were used for the unreleased Dreamcast game Propeller Arena.

Track listing 
 "Alive and Well" – 2:06
 "My Life Inside Your Heart" – 3:02
 "Great Awakening" – 1:35
 "Six Ways 'Till Sunday" – 2:36
 "401 Kill" – 3:19
 "The Art of Losing" – 1:50
 "Remains of Summer Memories" – 1:17
 "The Unraveling" – 3:12
 "Reception Fades" – 2:10
 "Stained Glass and Marble" – 1:36
 "Everchanging" – 3:47
 "Sometimes Selling Out Is Giving Up" – 1:09
 "3 Day Weekend" – 1:03
 "1000 Good Intentions" – 3:07
 "Weight of Time" – 2:00
 "Faint Resemblance" – 2:51

Bonus tracks 
 "Join the Ranks"* – 1:26
 "Gethsemane"* – 2:30

Rise Against albums
2001 albums
Debut albums
Punk albums
A picture book is a book that combines words and pictures to tell a story. They are usually for young children to read. The pictures are illustrations that show different parts of the story. The written part of the book is often short and basic, using words that a child can understand.

The earliest illustrated book made for children was Orbis Pictus by John Amos Comenius. It was published in 1658. One of the earliest picture books in English was Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland from 1866. The drawings in it were done by John Tenniel. Beatrix Potter's The Tale of Peter Rabbit was published in 1902. Potter did all her own illustrations, which are watercolour paintings. Some of the best-known picture books are Make Way for Ducklings, The Cat in the Hat, and Where the Wild Things Are.
Physical Graffiti is the sixth album from rock band Led Zeppelin. It was released on February 24 1975 as a double album. This is the first double album the band released, and the songs were recorded over many years, some were old songs that they did not use for other albums, and some were new ones made for this album. The album was very popular with both critics and fans, and it still is, it has one of their most well known songs, the Arab-sounding "Kashmir". The band had a big tour when the album was released, they played concerts in Europe,the US and ended the touring in May 1975 with five concerts at Earl's Court in London. Some of the songs from their London concerts are on their 2003 DVD.

Song listing

References

Other websites 
Official website 

Led Zeppelin albums
1975 albums
Hard rock albums
Heavy metal albums
Blues rock albums
Tropical Storm Mekkhala (internationally called: 0816, JTWC designation: 20W) was the 16th Tropical Storm of the 2008 Pacific typhoon season by the Japan Meteorological Agency who are the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for the North Western Pacific Ocean. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) have also recognised Mekkhala as the 20th tropical depression, and the 18th tropical storm of the 2008 Pacific typhoon season. Tropical Storm Mekkhala formed off the coast of China on September 25, 2008.

References

2008 Pacific hurricane season
2008 in China
September events
This article lists the many types of matches in professional wrestling.

Singles match 

A singles match also known as a regular match between two wrestlers. The first person to either win by pinfall or submission is the winner. If one of the wrestlers get's  disqualified, or "counted out" (when a wrestler is caught outside of the ring and the referee counts to either 10 or 20, depending on the companies' rules) they will lose the match. 

There are also different types of singles matches such as:
Pinfall match (where only pinfalls are allowed)
Submissions match (only submissions are allowed)
No DQ match (no disqualifications or countouts are allowed)

Cinematic match 

A Cinematic match is a match where there are many different techniques during the filming of it. Unlike a usual match which is done in one take, a cinematic match is typically filmed over the course of a longer period of time. This type of match started to gain more popularity in use during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Empty Arena match
Empty Arena match 

An Empty arena match is a falls count anywhere match where the wrestlers start the match inside the ring in an arena that has no fans in it and can only end by pinfall or submission inside or outside of the arena. The only people that are present in the arena are the wrestlers, referee, and the camera crew. One of the first known empty arenas matches took place in 1981 at the Mid South Coliseum in Memphis, Tennessee between Terry Funk and Jerry Lawler. Another well known empty arena match happened between The Rock and Mankind  and was shown during the halftime show of Super Bowl XXXIII.

Falls Count Anywhere match 

A Falls Count Anywhere match is a match type where pinfalls or submissions can happen anywhere inside or outside of the arena. Weapons are legal and often used because there are no disqualifications. These types of matches often go into the audience, backstage areas or parking lots.

Flag match
Flag match 

A Flag match is a match where flags representing two different countries are placed in neutral corners raised up by a metal pole that is attached to the ring post. To win the match, either wrestler or team of wrestlers must grab their countries flag before the opposition does in order to raise it to be declared the winner. The only exception to these rules was the flag match that took place at WrestleMania 2 in which the match had to be won by pinfall or submission with the winner of the match getting to wave around their countries flag.

Handicap match
Handicap match 

A Handicap match is a match where one wrestler or a team compete against a team of wrestlers with a higher number (for example; two vs. one or three vs. two) Usually it is the babyface wrestlers that are outnumbered by the heel wrestlers. Usually in two-on-one Handicap matches, the matches are officiated under tag team rules (The side that has the  advantage must tag in and out of the match or risk being disqualified). If both wrestlers on the side with the advantage remain inside the ring at the same time and the referee reaches a count of five, the team or just the illegal wrestler (if elimination rules apply), with the advantage will be disqualified.

Hardcore-type matches

Hardcore match
Hardcore match 

A hardcore match (also known as a Street Fight, a No Holds Barred match, or many other names) is a match where there are no disqualification and no countouts. Weapons are allowed to be used and other wrestlers are allowed to interfere in the match. The match must end by pinfall, submission or knockout.

There is also a Unsanctioned match or Lights Out match which means that the match is not recognized officially by the wrestling company.

Unsanctioned match 

An Unsanctioned match is a match that has no rules and is not recognized as an official match by the promotion. There is also a version called a Lights Out match where the lights in the arena are dimmed.

Deathmatch 

A Deathmatch is a match where there a multiple different weapons that are used. Popular weapons used are fluorescent light tubes and barbed wire. These matches are usually very bloody and have a high level of violence in them.

Monster's Ball match
A Monster's Ball match is a match where the wrestlers are locked inside of a pitch black room for 24 hours with no food or water beforehand. When they are let out, they wrestle a No Disqualification match.

Lumberjack match 

A Lumberjack match is a regular match where the outside of the ring is surrounded by wrestlers. The wrestlers that surround the ring are called lumberjacks (females wrestlers are sometimes called lumberjills). If a wrestler is knocked out of the ring, the lumberjacks/lumberjills will beat him or her up and put them back in. They are usually split in groups of faces and heels.

Casino Battle Royal 

The Casino Battle Royal is a match done by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). The match has similar rules to the Royal Rumble match except it has 21 wrestlers in it. The wrestlers are selected by a suit of cards that they draw. The drawing of the cards is random and the wrestlers come out when the suit is chosen. The last wrestler that comes out is the wrestler who drew The Joker card.
The match begins with 5 wrestlers. 5 more wrestlers come out when the clock hits 3 minutes. The winner of the men's version gets a shot at the AEW World Championship and the winner of the women's version gets a shot at the AEW Women's World Championship.

Bra and Panties match 

A bra and panties match is a match where a female wrestler or team of wrestlers must strip their opponent(s) to their bra and panties to win.

Tuxedo match 

A Tuxedo match is a match where two wrestlers wear tuxedos and one wrestlers has to tear the tuxedo off of the other to win.

Submission match 

A Submission match is a match where the wrestler has to make the other wrestler give up by either tapping out or verbally saying that they quit the match. The match can only be won by submission.

"I Quit" match 

A "I Quit" match is a match where a wrestler must force the other wrestler to say the words "I Quit" in order to win.

Substance match
Substance match 

A Substance match is a match where a wrestler has to throw another wrestler into container filled with something. Female wrestlers used to fight in matches such as a mud wrestling match or chocolate pudding match. At All Out, Orange Cassidy would defeat Chris Jericho in a Mimosa Mayhem Match by throwing him in a giant vat of Mimosa that was at ringside.

Multi-person matches

Elimination match 

An Elimination match is a match where a wrestler must pin or submit the other wrestlers to eliminate them from the match. The match differs depending on how many wrestlers are in the match.

Tag Team match 

A Tag Team match is a match between four wrestlers divided into teams of two. One wrestler of each team stands just outside the ring ropes until he is tagged in by his partner by slapping hands/lightly slapping their partners back with the ref watching or both wrestlers can fight at the same time in a "tornado" format. This match is won by pinfall or submission.

Tornado Tag Team match
A Tornado Tag Team match is a match where all the wrestlers can be in the ring at the same time. The match doesn't involve tagging in or out like the rules of a normal tag team match. All Elite Wrestling (AEW) has a version of this match called the Anarchy in the Arena match.

Elimination Tag Team match 

An Elimination Tag Team match is a match where if a wrestler on a team gets pinned or submitted then they are eliminated from the match. To win the match, all wrestlers from a team must be eliminated. WWE holds a similar match called the Survivor Series Elimination match during their Survivor Series pay-per-views.

Triple Threat match 

A Triple Threat match is regular match but with three wrestlers instead of two. First wrestler to score a pinfall or submission wins. No disqualification or countouts apply.

Fatal Four-Way match 

This match includes four wrestlers competing against each other at once. The first wrestler scores a pinfall or submission is the winner. No disqualification or countouts apply.