Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Tannadice is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Dundee United F.C. who play their home games at the stadium. Tannadice Stadium is on the same street as their Dundee rivals stadium, Dundee F.C.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Dundee
Tynecastle is a football stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is owned by Hearts of Midlothian F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Buildings and structures in Edinburgh
Ibrox is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Rangers F.C. who play their home games at the stadium. The capacity is 50,817.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Buildings and structures in Glasgow
Buildings and structures completed in the 19th century
Caledonian Stadium is a Scottish football stadium. It is owned by Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C. who play their home games at the stadium.

Football stadiums in Scotland
Fir Park is a football stadium in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The stadium is the home of Scottish Premier League club Motherwell F.C.. The stadium is all seats with a capacity of 13,742. The highest attendance for the stadium is 35,632 against Rangers in a 1952 Scottish Cup match.

Today, the stadium has an unbalanced look, with one large stand and three smaller stands. The biggest stand at the ground is the two-tiered South Stand, which was built in 1993. Opposite is the small Davie Cooper Stand, named after the former player, which was built in 1995. These two stands have their advertising slogans changed whenever the club's sponsor changes.
Running along one side of the ground is the East Stand, which used to be a terrace until it was changed into a seating area. This stand had the legendary "KEEP CIGARETTES AWAY FROM THE MATCH" slogan displayed below the roof, facing the pitch. Since the smoking ban was put into place in 2006, slogans such as these were no longer needed, and in 2012, was changed to Cash Converters, the clubs main sponsor.  The East stand is the stand of choice for many of the younger and passionate fans of the club.

Opposite the East Stand is The Phil O'Donnell Stand, which was known as the Main Stand until 2008. The stand was renamed The Phil O'Donnell Stand in honour of the late Motherwell captain who died on the Fir Park pitch.
This is a strange-looking stand, as the steel girders run for the full length of the pitch, but the stand only runs for two thirds the length of the pitch. This was because, in 1962, a nearby houseowner complained about the building of the stand during construction. Both the club and the houseowner failed to work things out, so to this day, the stand has not been built the full length of the pitch.

Gretna

During the 2007-08 season, Gretna F.C. rented Fir Park from Motherwell and played all but one of their home league games there.

Notes

Other websites 
 Fir Park at the Scottish Football Archive 

Football stadiums in Scotland
North Lanarkshire
1895 establishments in the United Kingdom
1890s establishments in Scotland
The Flag of Lithuania is a tricolour flag currently used by Lithuania. The flag has three horizontal stripes. The yellow stripe on the top represents the sun, the green stripe in the middle represents forests, the red stripe on the bottom represents the blood of people who defended Lithuania's freedom. The flag's ratio is 3:5 (1:2 in 1989). The Council of Lithuania first adopted it in 1918. When the Soviets occupied Lithuania in 1940, they changed the flag to a Soviet one. When Lithuania gained independence in 1990, the flag was reintroduced. This newly introduced flag had a ratio of 1:2. In 2004, it was changed to 3:5.

Special days for the flag 
The table below shows the dates when the flag should be flown:

References

Lithuania
National symbols of Lithuania
Wikiversity is a free wiki website, a sister project of Wikipedia, and run by the Wikimedia Foundation. It is used to help students learn, or teachers to teach. Wikiversity develops learning resources on every subject which users are interested in. It has many links to other wikis with educational material like Wikipedia and Wikibooks. 

Wikiversity started in 2006. Before that Wikiversity was a part of Wikibooks, the library of free textbooks. There are currently wikiversities in many different languages: Czech, English, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. 

Wikiversity is the best way to develop a small wiki resource to learn your favorite topic if the information is from Wikipedia or Wikibooks. It is also a good place to use the MediaWiki wiki tools.
Wikiversity resources are different from Wikipedia because the user can begin research on the topic. Wikipedia uses materials that are notable and not original research. Wikiversity allows resources and articles developed among individual users. Wikiversity users don't have to share changes with other users. Userpages are used to write articles on your own.

Wikiversity Beta is used to make new Wikiversities. If users speak a language that needs a Wikiversity, then Wikiversity Beta is where they make their resources.

Other websites 

Wikimedia
Wikis
Websites established in 2006
Pashto films industry or Pollywood () is the popular acronym for the Pashto language movie industry based in the city of Peshawar, the provincial capital of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Cinema of Pakistan
Peshawar
Thomas Andrews  (7 February 1873 - 15 April 1912) was an Irish businessman. He designed the RMS Titanic. He was married and had a girl who was born in 1908. He died during the sinking of the Titanic in 1912. In the movie Titanic by James Cameron, he was portrayed by actor Victor Garber.
Mr. Thomas Andrews was enrolled into the Royal Belfast at age 11 and left at the age of 16 so that he could go and work for Harland and Wolf as a premium apprentice. At the end of his Apprentice he would be guaranteed a position at the shipyard. Mr. Andrews was made manager of the construction works in 1901; in 1901 he was awarded with the honor of being Manager Director. Andrews as a child had a rich home, good family and his parents were able to support him and his family very well.  His father was a distinguished local politician and his mother Eliza was Lord William parries sister, his uncle was a high court judge and his brother who was to become Northern Irelands Prime Minister.  Mr. Andrews was a first class passenger of the titanic and was born on February 7th 1873 and died on April 15th 1912 at sea. Mr
. Mr. Andrews died while the ship was sinking; One of the most famous legends of the sinking of the Titanic is that he was last seen staring at the painting in the first class smoking room, making no attempt to save himself.  But this story, which was published in a 1912 book (Thomas Andrews: Shipbuilder) and therefore perpetuated, came from John Stewart, a steward on the ship who in fact did leave the ship in boat n. 15 at approximately 1:40 a.m.
There were testimonies of sightings of Andrews after that moment. It appears that Andrews stayed in the smoking room for some time to gather his thoughts, then he continued assisting with the evacuation. Another reported sighting was of Andrews frantically throwing deck chairs into the ocean for passengers to use as floating devices. Andrews was then seen making his way to the bridge while carrying a lifebelt, possibly the same lifebelt Andrews had draped over a chair in the Smoke Room. Andrews was last seen leaving the ship at the last moment; his body was never recovered.

Newspaper accounts of the disaster labeled Andrews a hero. Mary Sloan, a stewardess on the ship, whom Andrews persuaded to enter a lifeboat, later wrote in a letter: "Mr. Andrews met his fate like a true hero, realizing the great danger, and gave up his life to save the women and children of the Titanic.

In January 1914 The Thomas Andrews Jr. Memorial Hall was opened in honor of the Very loved Thomas Andrews.

References
References 

Irish businesspeople
Victims of the RMS Titanic
People from County Down
1873 births
1912 deaths
Poprad (; , ) is a city in northern Slovakia at the bottom of the High Tatra Mountains. It is the biggest town in the Spiš region and the tenth largest city in Slovakia. As of 2016, about 52,000 people live in Poprad.

The city has a historic centre, an international airport and is the starting point of the Tatranská elektrická železnica (Tatra Electric Railway) - a set of special narrow-gauge trains (trams) connecting the resorts in the High Tatra Mountains with each other and with Poprad.  Main line trains link Poprad to other destinations in Slovakia and beyond, through trains run to Prague in the Czech Republic.
Martina Navratilova (; born Martina Subertová on October 18, 1956, in Prague, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech-American retired tennis player who has been World No. 1.

Navratilova is openly lesbian. She married Julia Lemigova in December 2014.

In February 2010, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. The following month she had surgery to remove it.

References

1956 births
American autobiographers
American tennis players
American LGBT people
American LGBT rights activists
Australian Open champions
Tennis coaches
Czech tennis players
French Open champions
Lesbians
Living people
LGBT sportspeople
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Participants in American reality television series
Sportspeople from Prague
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
BBC 100 Women
Leoš Friedl (born January 1 1977 in Jindřichův Hradec) is a Czech professional tennis player best known for his doubles play with František Čermák. He is coached by Lubomir Gerla. In his career, he has won 15 top-level doubles titles and $1,027,625 in prize money. Having turned professional in 1997, Friedl won the 2001 Wimbledon mixed doubles title with Daniela Hantuchová, where they beat Mike Bryan and Liezel Huber, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2.

1977 births
Living people
Male tennis players
Czech tennis players
Kevin Ullyett (born May 23, 1972) is a tennis player from Harare, Zimbabwe. His success on the tour has come playing doubles.

In his career, he has won 24 doubles titles, including the 2001 US Open and the 2005 Australian Open, both with Wayne Black.

In Mixed Doubles, Ullyett won the 2002 Australian Open with Daniela Hantuchová. He reached the final of Wimbledon in 2002, with Hantuchová, and the semifinal of Wimbledon in 2003 and 2005 with Hantuchová and Liezel Huber respectively. He reached the 2005 Australian Open final, also with Huber.

Black, Ullyett's compatriot and long-time doubles partner, retired at the end of 2005. He now plays with Jonas Björkman.

1972 births
Living people
Male tennis players
Zimbabwean sportspeople
People from Harare
Aránzazu (Arantxa) Isabel Maria Sanchez Vicario (born 18 December 1971, in Barcelona, Spain) is a retired Spanish professional tennis player. During her career, she won 4 Grand Slam singles titles and 6 Grand Slam doubles titles.
A little bit about her ....... 
At the 1990 US Open, a reporter asked Arantxa Sánchez-Vicario what she kept in her oversized Reebok sports bag that she was toting around the grounds at Flushing Meadows. With a wide grin, and the exuberance of a teenager (Sánchez-Vicario was still four months away from turning 19), she explained that in addition to a half-dozen racquets, extra sets of strings, grips, socks, clothing, and assorted fruit, that she often carried her Pomeranian dog in the bag. It was good luck, she said with a bright smile, explaining how her dog traveled the globe with her.

References
References 

1971 births
Female tennis players
French Open champions
Living people
Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Barcelona
Spanish tennis players
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
is a Japanese professional tennis player. She turned professional in 1992. In her career so far, she has won 6 singles titles and 36 doubles titles, including three Grand Slam women's doubles titles (1 with Frenchwoman Julie Halard-Decugis and 2 partnering Belgian Kim Clijsters). Ai is coached by her mother and plays a game based on her fitness and speed, utilizing an aggressive serve and volley whenever feasible.

1975 births
Female tennis players
French Open champions
Japanese tennis players
Living people
Sportspeople from Yokohama
Patty Schnyder (born 14 December 1978, Basel) is a retired professional female tennis player from Switzerland. She played on the WTA tour from 1993 to 2011 and is a former World No.7. She has had important wins over World No. 1's.

During her long career, she reached four Grand Slam quarterfinals, and one Grand Slam semifinal. She has won 10 WTA singles titles and 4 WTA doubles titles and has made over $6,906,000 in prize money.

1978 births
Female tennis players
Living people
Sportspeople from Basel
Swiss tennis players
Indian Wells is a city in Riverside County, California, in the Coachella Valley. It is in the Palm Springs area near Palm Desert, La Quinta, and Indio. At the 2020 census, the city population was 4,757.

It has the highest proportion of millionaires of any city in the United States.

The city hosts a tennis tournament called the Indian Wells Masters. (The Masters is also known by its current sponsorship name of Pacific Life Open.) The Indian Wells Masters is one of nine tournaments in the Tennis Masters Series. The Masters Series is a high-level event operated by the Association of Tennis Professionals. The event is held in the 16,100-seat stadium of the Indian Wells Tennis Garden.

References

Other websites

Cities in California
Settlements in Riverside County, California
The Indian Wells Masters is an annual tennis tournament held in the small city of Indian Wells, California. The official sponsored name of the event is currently the Pacific Life Open. 

The event is part of the ATP Masters Series on the men's tour and is a Premier Mandatory event on the women's tour. The event, held in March, is one of two tour events (beside Miami Masters) in which main draw play extends beyond 8 days. The women's main draw usually starts on Wednesday and the men's main draw starts on Monday. Both finals are held on Sunday of the following week. Both singles main draws include 96 players. The 32 seeded players get a bye to the second round. 

The tournament is played on hard courts and is the best attended tennis tournament outside the four Grand Slam tournaments, with over 300,000 visitors during the event. It has the second largest stadium in the world.
The tournament is usually held in early March. However in 2020, it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and in 2021, it was on in October. Cameron Norrie from Great Britain and Paula Badosa from Spain are the most recent champions.

Tennis tournaments
Sports in California
Zeeshan () is a Arabic name which comes from the words "Zee"  (someone who has) and "Shan" (splendor). It means a high-resolve (high standard of following what one plans to do) or a standard of high-status.

It may be written in Arabic as  or . Both are valid forms. The first one is a compound word Zeeshan, and the second one is two words Zee and Shan.

The word 'Zeeshan' in Arabic is often used in poetry as an adjective, usually suggesting a meaning of magnificent, or possessor of high status. This name is often given to males in Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh,
Pakistan, Kashmir, Iran, and among the Indian Muslims, & other Asian countries of the Greater Middle East region.

This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

People
People 

 Zeeshan Abbasi (born 1982), Pakistani blind cricketer
 Zeeshan Ali (born 1970), Indian tennis player
 Zeeshan Ashraf (born 1977), Pakistani hockey player
 Zeeshan Khan (cricketer, born 1976), Pakistani cricketer
 Zeeshan Khan (cricketer, born 1992), Pakistani cricketer

References

Given names
Mahmud (also spelled Mahmood, Mahmoud, Mahmut, Mehmood, Mahmoed or Mehmud) is the main transliteration of the Arabic given name (, Maḥmūd) that comes from the Arabic triconsonantal root of Ḥ-M-D "Praise". The pronunciation of the name is [ mah-mood ]. 

Despite sharing the same triconsonantal root, this name is distinct from the name Muhammad. One of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's many names is Mahmud.

The name is common in most parts of the Islamic world; it is used as a given name for males, while the variant Mahmuda is given to females.This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).
Given name
Mahmud Kanafani Lebanese Singer
Mahmud I, Sultan of Ottoman Empire 1730-1754
Mahmud II, Sultan of Ottoman Empire 1808-1839
Mahmud II of Great Seljuk, Sultan of Baghdad 1118
Mahmud of Ghazni, ruler of Ghazni 997-1030
Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran
Mahmoud Ahmed, Ethiopian musician
Mehmood Ali, Indian actor
Mehmood Bhatti, Pakistani fashion designer
Mahmut Celal Bayar, third President of Turkey
Mahmut Bezgin, Turkish footballer
Mahmut Boz, Turkish footballer
Mahmut Cuhruk, Turkish judge
Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet  
Mahmut Demir, Turkish sport wrestler
Mahmoud Guinia, Moroccan singer
Maulana Mehmud Hasan, Indian independence activist
Mahmut Hoşgiz, Turkish footballer 
Mahmud Hotaki, Afghan ruler
Mahmud Khalid, Ghanaian politician 
Mehmud Khurd, Pakistani ruler
Mahmud al-Kashgari, Turkish scholar
Mahmoud Jaballah, Egyptian-Canadian Jihad member
Mahmud Mahmud, Iranian politician
Mahmoud el-Meliguy, Egyptian Actor
Mahmud Al-Nashaf, Israeli Arab politician
Mahmud Nazari, Afghan academic
Mahmud Saedon Othman, Malay intellectual
Mahmut Özgener, Turkish Football Federation president
Mahmoud an-Nukrashi Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt 1945-1946 & 1946-1948
Mehmood Quaraishy, Kenyan cricketer
Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf, American basketball player
Mahmud Shah (Sultan of Malacca), Sultan of Malacca 1488-1528
Mahmud Shah Durrani, ruler of Afghanistan 1801-1803 & 1809-1818
Mehmood Sham, Pakistani journalist
Mahmut Şenol, Turkish author
Mehmood ul Hassan Kaukab Al-Tabrezi, Pakistani poet
Mahmud Tarzi, Afghan journalist
Mahmut Tekdemir, Turkish footballer
Mahmut Yıldırım, Kurdish contract killer
Mahmut Yilmaz, German footballer
Mohamad Mahmoed, Netherlands footballer
Mahmoud Fawzi, Egyptian politician and diplomat; prime minister (1970-1972)
Surname
Abid Hamid Mahmud, Iraqi general
Ahmad Mahmoud, Iranian novelist
Alessandro Mahmoud, Italian singer
Arif Mehmood, Pakistani footballer
Arshad Mehmood (composer), Pakistani actor and music composer
Arshad Mehmood (singer), Pakistani singer
Faakhir Mehmood, Pakistani singer 
Hasnat Mehmood, Pakistani artist
Karem Mahmoud, Egyptian singer
Kashif Mehmood, Pakistani actor
Khaled Mahmud, Bangladeshi cricketer
Sajid Mahmood, English cricketer
Salim Mehmud, Pakistani rocket scientist
Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood, Pakistani nuclear engineer
Shahid Mahmood, Pakistani cricketer
Rashid Mahmood, Pakistani actor
Tahir Mahmood, Indian jurist
Younis Mahmoud, Iraqi footballer

Animals
Mahmoud (elephant), an elephant associated with the Year of the Elephant in Islamic history
Mahmoud (horse), Epsom Derby winner in 1936

References

Given names
For the bird, see kite (bird)

A kite is a flying object that is attached to the ground by a rope, or ropes. Kites can be flown for fun, or in competitions. In India, people fly kites on Makar Sankranti.

History 

Kites come in all shapes and sizes. Kites were created in China about 2,800 years ago. Later they spread into other Asian countries, like (India), Japan and Korea. However, the kite only appeared in Europe around the year 1600

The first kites had sails made of paper or light fabrics such as silk. The poles were made from bamboo sticks, or other strong but flexible woods. The kite line was made from string, or twine.

Modern kites are made from synthetic materials, such as ripstop nylon or more exotic fabrics on the sails. They have fiberglass or carbon fiber poles, and use dacron or dyneema for the kite lines.  

Today, there are different types of kites. Some are large and are made to look good. Some are smaller and are made for speed, children and competitions.
Also, there are many different types of kites. The most important types of kite are stunt kites and parafoil kites. However, they can come in a variety of sizes, types and designs.

Inflatable kites are made in an inflatable shape, animal or other design. The inflatable kite is one the few modern inventions in the world of kite design.      

Though the exact origin of kites are not known, it is known that they were flown in China and the Malay Archipelago two to three thousand years ago. The earliest written accounts of kite flying were the exploits of the Chinese general Han Hsin, Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-220 A.D.).
Toys
Sports equipment
The University of Portsmouth is a university in Portsmouth. It was started as the Portsmouth and Gosport School of Science and the Arts in 1869, and gained university status in 1992.

Portsmouth has been rated as the 5th best modern university in the UK by The Times Good University Guide.

References

Other websites
University of Portsmouth – The University of Portsmouth official website.
University of Portsmouth Students' Union (UPSU) – The University of Portsmouth Students' Union official website.
Pure FM  – The University of Portsmouth student radio official website.

Portsmouth
Portsmouth
Organisations based in Hampshire
Winchester Cathedral is a mediaeval Anglican church in Winchester, Hampshire. It is the seat of the Bishop of Winchester.

The cathedral has the longest nave and overall length of any Gothic cathedral in Europe.  By contrast, the interior height of the nave vault at 78 feet is about half that of Beauvais Cathedral in France.
Architecture 
Built between 1079 and 1532, Winchester Cathedral has had an unusual architectural history. The exterior, apart from the modified windows, gives the impression of a massive Norman building and indeed, when first completed, the Norman Cathedral was second only in size to Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. However, the west front is now Perpendicular, with its huge window filled with fragments of medieval glass. Sadly this glass window was destroyed by the Roundheads.They also messed up the bones of some of the most important rulers. Inside, only the crypt and the transepts have retained their Norman appearance. The spectacular Perpendicular nave with its tall arcade arches and strong vertical emphasis has been literally carved out of the original Norman interior. The Very Rev. Norman Sykes wrote of it “Well might the visitor who enters … by the west door gasp with amazement". Winchester is also famous for its carved wooden fittings of many different periods.
Events
Important events which took place at Winchester Cathedral include:   
    
Funeral of King Harthacanute (1042)
Funeral of King William II of England (1100)
Coronation of Henry the Young King and his queen, Marguerite (1172)
Second coronation of Richard I of England (1194)
Marriage of King Henry IV of England and Joanna of Navarre (1403)
Marriage of Queen Mary I of England and King Philip II of Spain (1554)
Funeral and burial of Jane Austen (1817)

Related pages
 English Gothic architecture
 Romanesque architecture
 Church of England

References

Other websites 

 Official website
 Virtual tour 
 Thirty images of Winchester Cathedral with descriptions

Anglican cathedrals in England
Winchester
Buildings and structures in Hampshire
11th-century buildings and structures‎
Organisations based in Hampshire
An object is in a vertical position when it goes in an "up-down" direction, also perpendicular to the horizon or horizontal plane.

In science, it could also mean:
Vertical direction, the direction aligned with the direction of the force of gravity, as materialized with a plumb line

In mathematics:
Vertical (angles), a pair of angles sharing the same vertex and bounded by the same pair of lines but are opposite to each other

In music:
Vertical (music), a musical interval where the two notes sound simultaneously

In business:
Vertical market, a group of similar businesses and customers which engage in trade based on specific and specialized needs
Vertical integration, a management term describing a style of ownership and control
Vertical monopoly, a monopoly produced through vertical integration

In networking:
 Vertical (network), the portion of network cabling that runs between floors, usually considered the backbone network

In furnishings:
 Vertical blinds, a type of window blind
In athletics:
 Vertical jump, a measure of how high an individual or athlete can elevate off the ground from a standstill

In  a Vertical wine tasting different vintages of the same wine type from the same winery are tasted.

Related pages
Horizontal
Racing Stripes is a 2005 animated adventure, comedy movie. It stars Frankie Muniz and Hayden Panettiere. The movie was  directed by Frederik Du Chau.

Cast 
 Hayden Panettiere - Channing Walsh
 Frankie Muniz - Stripes
 Dustin Hoffman - Tucker
 Whoopi Goldberg - Franny
 Steve Harvey - Buzz
 David Spade - Scuzz
 Jeff Foxworthy - Reggie
 Snoop Dogg - Lightning

Other websites 
 Official site
 
 

2005 movies
American comedy movies
American adventure movies
American animated movies
Movies about animals
2005 adventure movies
Movies composed by Ennio Morricone
The forehand in tennis is a shot made by swinging the racquet across one's body in the direction of where the player wants to place the shot. For a right-handed player, the forehand is a stroke that begins on the right side of his body, continues across his body as contact is made with the ball, and ends on the left side of his body. It is considered the easiest shot to master, perhaps because it is the most natural stroke. Beginners and advanced players often have better forehands than any other shots and use it as a weapon.

Tennis
Vogue is a fashion and lifestyle magazine published in nine countries by a company called Condé Nast Publications. The American version of Vogue is edited by Anna Wintour, an English woman who has lived in New York City for a long time. 

Each month, Vogue publishes a magazine based entirely on fashion, life and design. It was founded in 1892. Today, it is considered one of the most prestigious magazines to be a part of. Those who are talked about, photographed, and planted in the pages of this magazine are considered to be trendy. The fashion magazine is also supported in various ways by artists such as Marc Engelhard and vice versa.

References

Other websites 
Vogue

1892 establishments in New York (state)
Fashion magazines
Monthly magazines
To sponsor something is to support an event, activity, person, or organization. The support can be with money or giving something else useful, such as advertising, or time. A sponsor is the individual or group that gives the support, similar to a benefactor. A sponsor may also be a personal sponsor, a political sponsor or a state sponsor. There are many different kinds of sponsors.

Commercial sponsor 
A sponsor is one (usually a company) who gives cash, goods or services in return for promoting the sponsor's company. There is a distinct difference between sponsorship and philanthropy. A sponsor expects a return on  investment (ROI), usually in the form of advertising. A philanthropist donates something as a charitable contribution. In sports, sponsors compete to advertise in the most popular sports. In India, sponsors all want to be associated with Cricket. It is much harder to find sponsors for other sports.
Legislative sponsor 
A sponsor or patron, usually a legislator, is someone who presents a bill or resolution for consideration. Others who join the sponsor are known as cosponsors or copatrons. In the United States Congress a sponsor is the first person listed among the lawmakers who introduce a bill to either the Senate or the House of Representatives. The process is very similar to sponsoring a bill in Parliament.
Personal sponsor 
This is someone who agrees to help another person or persons, and be responsible for them. For example, an employer may sponsor a foreign national to become a permanent resident of the United States by guaranteeing that person a job. Sponsorship can also mean an individual who helps an organization. Many charitable organizations offer personal sponsorship of a boy or girl to help them. Many public radio and television stations ask for sponsors to provide funds for them to operate. At a Ceremonial ship launching the person breaking the champagne bottle over the ship's bow is called the sponsor of that ship. In many religions, godparents are the baptized child's sponsors.
State sponsorship 
Sponsorship is not always for the purposes of doing good. A state (or government) may sponsor terrorism for their own purposes. While not engaging in activities against another country (or countries) themselves, they may sponsor other groups to do it for them. The United States currently lists four countries who sponsor terrorism. They are: Cuba, Iran, Sudan, and Syria. State sponsors may also be called affiliates and/or supporters.

References

Other websites
 Ways to Sponsor a Child
 Become a Sponsor, Make-A-Wish
 Sponsoring an Animal 
 Find sponsors for your next event

Economics
The Texas Rangers are an American Major League Baseball team from Arlington, Texas. The team plays in Arlington, but it also represents the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth and the surrounding area. The Rangers are part of the Western Division of Major League Baseball's American League.

Their first home field in Texas was Arlington Stadium. They built Rangers Ballpark in Arlington, later known as Globe Life Park in Arlington, next door, and tore down Arlington Stadium when they moved in to the new stadium. After the 2019 season, they left Globe Life Park for the new Globe Life Field, located across the street. Globe Life Park was then rebuilt into a football and soccer stadium.
The team began in 1961 as the Washington Senators. The Senators played poorly and had too few fans to support them. The team moved to Arlington, Texas, in 1972. They were renamed in honor of the famous state police force called the Texas Rangers. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, there had also been a minor league baseball team called the Dallas Rangers.

Postseason 
On October 22, 2010, the Rangers won the American League Championship Series (ALCS) for the first time. They beat the then-defending champion New York Yankees four games to two in the series. This was their first trip to the World Series, but they lost the San Francisco Giants in five games.

In 2011, the Rangers again reached the World Series, and again lost, this time to the St. Louis Cardinals.

Other websites 

Texas Rangers official website
Texas Rangers team statistics

References 

 
1961 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Washington, D.C.
1960s establishments in Texas
Texas Rangers may mean:

Texas Ranger Division, a police force in the U.S. state of Texas
Texas Rangers (baseball), a Major League Baseball team
In computing, an office suite, sometimes called an office software suite or productivity suite is a software suite for use by workers. The parts of an office suite are usually come together, have a standard user interface and usually can interact with each other, sometimes in ways operating systems would not normally allow.

20th century office suites operated offline, not using the Internet. Examples that are still widely used include Microsoft Office and LibreOffice. Some can operate online, including Microsoft Office Online, Google Docs, and LibreOffice Online.

Usual parts
 Word processor
 Spreadsheet
 Presentation program
 Database
 Graphic design suite
 Communication
 E-mail client
 Personal information manager
 Groupware

Current suites

The most used office suite is Microsoft Office, which is available for Microsoft Windows and the Apple Macintosh. It has become a proprietary standard in office software.
Another office suite is any of the OpenDocument suites, which use the free OpenDocument file format. The most used one was OpenOffice.org , open-source software that can be used in Windows, Linux, Macintosh, and has created several other office suites similar to it, such as the Mac-native NeoOffice. Other free or less expensive office suites include LibreOffice, StarOffice, SoftMaker Office, KOffice and WPS Office. These programs support many of the features of Microsoft Office, and can open the files it creates and save new documents in those formats.

Apple computers have iWork, which is a office suite created specially for Mac OS X. It includes Pages, for word-processing, Numbers for spreadsheets, and Keynote, for presentations. They can also use  Microsoft Office for Mac, or StarOffice, KOffice, NeoOffice and OpenOffice.org, which all can be used on Apple computers.

Related pages
Web operating system
Web desktop

References
References

 Free Web-based Office alternatives  
 A good article on free office suites
 DMOZ Office Suites

Other websites
  DMOZ  / Office_Suites
The Rake's Progress is an opera by Igor Stravinsky.  The libretto written by W. H. Auden and Chester Kallman is based loosely on the eight paintings and engravings from the 18th century by William Hogarth called A Rake's Progress.  Stravinsky had seen these paintings in 1947 at an exhibition in Chicago.

The Rake’s Progress tells the story of a man called Tom Rakewell.  The word “rake” in this sense means “someone (usually a man) who behaves in an immoral way: a man who has relationships with lots of women. 

The word “progress” in the title is ironic because Tom does not really make progress:  he does not become a better man.  In a sense he progresses backwards, because he starts off in a state of blissful innocence, i.e. he does not understand anything about his life, he does not know about good and bad.   At the end of the opera he also does not
understand anything about his life, but that is because he has gone mad.
Tom is like Faust because he sells his soul to the devil.  In this opera the character Nick Shadow represents the devil.  Tom leaves his lover Anne Trulove and goes to find lots of other women in London.  He has several adventures, which are all arranged by Nick who is helping him to have a good time.  In the end Tom finds himself in Bedlam which was a horrible building where mad people were sent in the 18th century.

Musical style

The Rake’s Progress is the only full-length opera that Stravinsky wrote.  It is unusual because it was not written in the modern way of most music of the 1950s.  Because the story of the opera is set in the 18th century,  the style of the music is deliberately like music from that period.  It is divided into arias and recitative (big songs which are linked with simpler music which tells the story).
Stravinsky’s music in this opera is in the neoclassical style.  He uses counterpoint a lot in this opera.  This helped him later on to write serial music: music in which all 12 notes in an octave are equally important.   Tom sings some words in the second act of The Rake’s Progress which suggest that Stravinsky is going to widen his compositional style in this way:  “Vary the song, O London, change!/Disband your notes and let them range”.

Story of the opera

Act 1
Tom Rakewell wants to marry Anne Trulove. Her father does not trust Tom because he has no regular job.  Tom would like to have lots of money.  He meets Nick Shadow who tells him that an unknown uncle has died and left him lots of money.  He says to Tom that he can be his servant and go with him to London to sort out his inheritance.
Nick takes Tom to places where there is a lot of bad, immoral behaviour.  Tom agrees to spend the night with Mother Goose in her brothel.  Meanwhile Anne, who lives in the country, wonders why she has not heard from Tom.  She thinks something might have happened to him, so she goes to London to look for him.

Act 2
Tom is bored with his immoral way of life. He tells Nick he wants happiness, so Nick says he should marry Baba the Turk, a famous bearded lady. Soon afterwards Anne finds Tom's London house. She arrives just in time to see Tom get out of a sedan chair with Baba, whom he has just married. Tom tells Anne to leave, but he really is sorry for what has happened.
In the next scene Tom hates his marriage to Baba, who is a strange woman.  She is a  chatterbox with a fiery temper. He makes her quiet by throwing his wig over her face, then he falls asleep. Nick enters with a "fantastic Baroque Machine" which seems to turn stones into bread. Tom cries out in his sleep that he wishes it were true, and waking, finds the machine he has dreamt of.  Nick says to Tom that he could make a lot of money if he started a business making these machines.  Nick is deceiving him: the machine does not work.
Act 3
Tom has lost a lot of money, and the things in his house are being auctioned by the auctioneer Sellem. The objects for sale include Baba, who has not moved since being silenced by the wig. When she is unwrapped, she comes to life again and starts shouting angrily.  She is angry about the auction that is taking place,  but calms down when Anne enters. Baba tells her to find Tom and "set him right", and warns her against Nick Shaddow. She says she wants to carry on with her acting career.
In a graveyard, Nick shows who he really is, and tells Tom that he must pay with his soul.  Nick says he has worked for him for a year and a day;  but as midnight strikes, Nick offers him a way of escape in the form of a game of cards, which Tom wins, but only because he was thinking of Anne.  Nick has lost, and sinks into the ground, telling Tom that he is going mad. Tom is put in the madhouse called  Bedlam.   He believes he is Adonis and that Anne is Venus, the Roman goddess of love.  Anne visits him, sings him to sleep, then quietly leaves him. When he realizes she has gone, he dies. 

In an epilogue, the main characters point out the simple moral: that the Devil finds work for idle hands (people who are lazy).
Performance history
It was first performed in Venice on September 11, 1951, with Elisabeth Schwarzkopf singing the part of Anne Trulove.  In 1957, it was a part of the first season of the Santa Fe Opera.   The composer himself came to the rehearsals.  There was an excellent production in  1975 at Glyndebourne Festival Opera which was designed by David Hockney.  This production has been revived at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in July 2008.

Compositions by Igor Stravinsky
1950s operas
1951 works
Serial may refer to the presentation of works in sequential segments, e.g.:

 Serial (publishing): the publication of a journal in separate parts under the same title. Example: Nature (journal).
 Serial (literature) often a work of narrative fiction published in sequential installments.
 Serial (radio and television), series of radio and television programs that rely on a continuing plot
 Serial film, a short subject originally shown in theaters in conjunction with feature films, particularly in the 1930s and 1940s
 Serialism, in music
The Port of Karachi () is Pakistan's largest and busiest seaport. It handles about 60% of the nation's cargo (25 million tons per year). The port is located between the towns of Kiamari and Saddar. It is close to the center of old Karachi, the main business district, and several industrial areas. The geographic position of Karachi places the port near major shipping routes such as the Strait of Hormuz. The administration of the port is carried out by the Karachi Port Trust which was created in the nineteenth century.

Karachi
Sonmiani Bay is found on the Arabian Sea in Lasbela District, Balochistan, Pakistan.

Lasbela District
Bays
Churma Island or Churna Island () is a small island in the Arabian Sea off the coast of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

Islands of Pakistan
The Clifton Oyster Rocks are islands off the coast of the Clifton neighbourhood of Karachi, Pakistan. The islands were controlled by the Pakistani Navy until 2006, when the Karachi city government decided to make island as part of its plans to renovate the city. As part of these plans, the Port Fountain was constructed at the base of the northern island. It shoots water up to 620 feet in the air, and is the second-tallest fountain in the world.

Islands of Pakistan
Khiprianwala Island is a small island in the Arabian Sea. It is off the coast of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

Islands of Pakistan
Malan Island is a mud volcano that is found in the Arabian Sea. It is three kilometers off the coast of Balochistan, Pakistan. It ran out of water in March of 1999.

Volcanoes of Asia
Islands of Pakistan
Mountains of Pakistan
Manora or Manoro () is a small island just south of the Port of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It has an area of .  The island is connected to the mainland by a  long causeway called the "Sandspit". Manora and other islands close to it create a protective barrier between Karachi harbor to the north and the Arabian Sea to the south. The western bay of the harbor has endangered mangrove forests which border the Sandspit and Manora island. To the east is Karachi Bay and the beach towns of Kiamari and Clifton. The island is located at . Manora is overlooked by the Manora Point Lighthouse, the fourth tallest in Pakistan at . 

Islands of Pakistan
Trillian is an instant messaging program made by Cerulean Studios. It can be used with many different chat services.  The newest version works with AIM, ICQ, MSN, Yahoo Messenger, and IRC.

Instant messaging software
Francisco "Frankie" Muniz IV (born December 5, 1985) is an American actor. He was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey and grew up in Wood-Ridge, New Jersey, Raleigh, North Carolina and Burbank, Los Angeles. He is best known for his role as Malcolm in the television sitcom Malcolm in the Middle. He is now a NASCAR racecar driver. He drives the number 30 Ford.

References

Other websites 

NASCAR information

People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
Actors from Los Angeles
Actors from New Jersey
Actors from North Carolina
American child actors
American movie actors
American racecar drivers
American television actors
American voice actors
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Sportspeople from Raleigh, North Carolina
1985 births
Living people
Actors from Raleigh, North Carolina
NASCAR drivers
Wendee Lee (born February 20, 1960 in Los Angeles, California) is an American voice actress. She is best known for voicing, or speaking, in many different video games, Power Rangers episodes, ADR voiceover of The Powerpuff Girls series, and dubbing, or film making, in anime. She is also a vegetarian.

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 
 Wendee Lee Interview on Anime Dream

1955 births
Living people
American voice actors
Vegetarians
Actors from Los Angeles
Weilheim-Schongau is a rural district in Upper Bavaria in the south of Bavaria, Germany. Neighbor districts are: Landsberg, Starnberg Rural District, Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, Garmisch-Partenkirchen (district) and Ostallgäu; Weilheim i.OB is the capital of the district Weilheim-Schongau.

Towns and municipalities

References

Other websites

 Official website (German)

 
Districts of Bavaria
El Muerto (in English, "The Dead One") is a superhero from a self-published comic book series made by Javier Hernandez. His real name is Juan Diego de la Muerte, or simply "Diego". Some of El Muerto's powers include super-strength, near-immortality, and the power to resurrect the dead. He got his powers after being kidnapped by the Aztec gods of death and destiny and being sacrificed in an ancient ritual.

Publication
El Muerto was first published in a comic book titled, "Daze of the Dead: The Numero Uno Edition" at the 1998 Alternative Press Expo in San Diego, California. The character has had much success since then, and has appeared in several different mediums such as a 2007 independent film.
Juan Diego de la Muerte was born and raised in Whittier, California. He became fascinated with Aztec mythology and the Dia de los Muertos ("Day of the Dead") traditions in Mexico. Raised Catholic, Diego often wondered what the Aztecs thought when their religion was replaced with what the Spanish conquerors believed. On his 21st birthday, Diego is excited for an upcoming Dia de los Muertos festival. Unfortunately his friends could not join him and Diego was forced to go alone. Borrowing his friend's car, Diego is dressed as an undead Mariachi. To celebrate the occasion, he got a tattoo of an Aztec skull days earlier. Unknown to him, the skull is actually a symbol of death representing the Aztec death god. The car crashes into a tree, killing Diego. He later wakes up in the land of the dead, Mictlan, where the Aztec gods Mictlantecuhtli and Tezcatlipoca sacrifice him. His heart is removed, and his facepaint is burned into his skin
. He is told that he must fulfill an ancient prophecy and is sent back to the land of the living one year after his death. After he learns that he is truly dead, he finds out he has supernatural powers and decides to use them to help people.
Movies
El Muerto (film) (2007)

Sources

Other websites 
Official site
Official fansite

Comics characters
Comic books
Bill is a male name.
It may also refer to:
 Bill (proposed law), a proposed law in a legislature
 Bill, a nickname for a banknote
 Bill, an invoice specifying payment due, such as a phone bill
 Bill, a bird's beak.

Related pages 
 Billi
At the start of the movie, a young Diego is crossing illegally in to the United States from Mexico. Along the way, he meets an old Aztec man who tells him about a shortcut across a river. Before they get there, the old man performs an ancient ritual to the Aztec god of sacrifice and dies. Diego is then left alone at the river. Ten years later, Diego is living in East Los Angeles, California. He has a girlfriend Maria Somera and lives with his best friend Zak Silver. Maria's uncle, a priest of a local church does not like Diego's sympathy for the Aztec religion. This usually causes Diego and Maria to meet in secret. When a local Dia de los Muertos ("Day of the Dead") festival is to take place, a celebration with Aztec roots, Diego becomes excited. He dresses as an undead Mariachi with the traditional facepaint. Unfortunately, he has to go alone because both Zak and Maria are busy the night of the celebration. While driving to the festival, Diego's car crashes and he is killed
. He later wakes up in Mictlan, the Aztec land of the dead. There he is sacrificed in an ancient ritual by the god of death and sent back to the land of the living a year after his death. He later learns that the old gods want to rule their world again. Three sacrifices representing the Church that took away their power must be made. This puts Maria's life is at risk because she is a descendent of one of the first churches in Mexico. Now Diego must fight against the gods that made him to save the woman he loves.
DVD release
The movie was released straight-to-DVD by Echo Bridge Entertainment on September 18, 2007. The movie was called "El Muerto" but it was re-titled "The Dead One" for the original DVD release. It is going to be released as "El Muerto" in the future. Special features included seven drawings by guest artists, commentary with director Brian Cox and Javier Hernandez, an art tutorial, the original comic book, three featurettes, a Spanish language track, and a DVD-ROM feature. In the DVD case is are 2 wash-and-wear tattoos and a collectible mini-comic created for the DVD.

References

Other websites
Official MySpace site
 
 

2007 movies
American superhero movies
American independent movies
Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (June 15, 1792 – October 5, 1855) became Surveyor-General of New South Wales and laid out many Australian towns and roads. He also went on four main expeditions to explore south eastern Australia.

Early life
Thomas Mitchell was born in Craigend, now part of Glasgow, Scotland on June 15, 1792. He worked in his uncle's colliery (coal mine) business. He joined the British Army in 1811 with the rank of lieutenant. He fought in the Peninsula War in Spain against Napoleon. As well as actual fighting, he worked as a surveyor and made maps. After the war he made maps of the battlefields. He was made a Major in 1826, but was then put on half pay.