Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
References

Other websites 

 WW2DB: Leyte Campaign
 Animated History of The Battle of Leyte Gulf 
 Battle Experience: Battle for Leyte Gulf
 Task Force 77 Action Report: Battle of Leyte Gulf
 "Turkey Trots to Water"  — detailed description of the battle from battleship.org
 Orders of battle: Sibuyan Sea, Surigao Strait, Cape Engaño, Samar.
 "Glorious Death: The Battle of Leyte Gulf" by Tim Lanzendörfer
 battle-of-leyte-gulf.com
 The Battle Off Samar - Taffy III at Leyte Gulf by Robert Jon Cox
 Leyte Gulf Naval Chess Game, a free, educational boardgame of the battle, to print off, assemble, and play
 Return to the Philippines: public domain documents from ibiblio.org
 The Battle for Leyte Gulf Revisited by Irwin J. Kappes
 Timeline for USS Samuel B. Roberts (DE 413)
 Japan's TA-Operation: A Blueprint for Disaster by Irwin J. Kappes

Leyte Gulf
1944 in Asia
1940s in the Philippines
October 1944 events
The Ottoman dynasty (or the Imperial House of Osman) ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922. The dynasty began with Osman I, but it was not recognized until 1383 when Murad I declared himself sultan. The dynasty might have been known as Söğüt before 1383, but it was later renamed Osmanlı (Ottoman in English) in honor of Osman I.

The sultan was the sole ruler of the empire. The power often shifted to other officials, such as the Grand Vizier.

Heads of the House of Osman

Pre-Imperial Heads of the House of Osman

Imperial heads of the House of Osman (1281-1922)

Post-Imperial Heads of the House of Osman (1922-present)

Expelled from the Imperial House 
(Şehzade) Mahmud Şevket (Efendi Hazretleri) (1903, Istanbul - 1973, France) was expelled and deprived of the title of Prince and the style of His Highness from the Imperial House of Osman by His Imperial Majesty, the last Caliph Abdülmecid II. in 1931. He d. in France 1973, having had issue:
(a) HIH Princess Hamide Nermin Nezahat Sultana [1923 - 1998] by Adile Hanimsultan, a granddaughter of Abdülhamid II.

Excluded from the line of sucssession  
Mehmed Selim Orhan, (born in Paris, 3. October 1943 - 17. May 1998, descendant of Abdul Hamid II through Mehmed VII Orhan), deprived since birth of title HIH Şehzade, because he was born before his parents married in 1944.

Other websites 

 Turkey, includes all the full ruler styles with various biographical data in the Royal Ark
 Sultans, Contemporary Paintings  by İsmail Acar
 Everything about Ottoman Empire  Everything about the history, culture and civilization of Ottoman Empire
 MSN encarta - the Ottoman Empire (see Sultanate)
 WorldStatesmen- Turkey
  Ottoman Dynasty meet at Dolmabahçe Palace
 Ottoman Empire - The Family

History of Turkey
Royal dynasties
Ottoman people‎
Grand Vizier, Sadr-ı Azam (Sadrazam) or Serdar-ı Ekrem (in Ottoman Turkish "صدر اعظم" or "وزیر اعظم"), was the most important minister of the Sultan. The Grand Vizier had absolute power of attorney and could only be removed by the Sultan. He held the imperial seal and he could gather all other viziers to attend meetings regarding state affairs. The title is derived originally from the Persian word "Vizier" (وزير). The title of Grand Vizier corresponds to that of a prime minister.

Related pages
List of Ottoman Grand Viziers

History of Turkey
Government of Turkey
Government occupations
Year 1446 was a common year starting on a Saturday.

Events of 1446 
 Portuguese navigator, Álvaro Fernandes, reaches the mouth of the Geba River in Guinea-Bissau.
 The Precious Belt Bridge in China is fully rebuilt.
 The troops of Francesco Piccinino and Luigi dal Vermebesiege Cremona, Italy.
 The Hunmin Jeongeumis published in Korea, starting the Hangul alphabet.
 Mehmed II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, abdicates. His father, Murad II becomes Sultan.
 December 10 – Murad II destroys the Hexamillion wall, opening the Morea to Ottoman invasion.

Births 
 May 3 – Margaret of Burgundy, wife of Charles I, Duke of Burgundy (died 1503)
 Edmund de Ros, 11th Baron de Ros, English politician (died 1508)
 Alexander Agricola, Flemish composer (probable) (died 1506)
 William Grocyn, English scholar (probable) (died 1519)
 Pietro Perugino, Italian painter (probable) (died 1524)
Deaths 
April 15 – Filippo Brunelleschi, Italian architect (born 1377)
May 9 – Mary of Enghien, Queen of Naples (born 1367)
May 24 – Ambroise de Loré, Baron of Ivry (born 1396)
December 28 – Antipope Clement VIII
Vittorino da Feltre, Italian humanist (born 1378)
This is the list of Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire.

Other websites 
 Turkish State Archives (1281-1406) (in Turkish)
 Turkish State Archives (1413-1616) (in Turkish)
 Turkish State Archives (1616-1689) (in Turkish)
 Turkish State Archives (1691-1807) (in Turkish)
 Turkish State Archives (1807-1876) (in Turkish)
 Turkish State Archives (1876-1922) (in Turkish)
 Regnal Chronologies: Full list of Ottoman Grand Viziers 
 Türk Tarihi: Fuller list of Ottoman Grand Viziers  (in Turkish)

History of Turkey

Ottoman Grand Viziers
Turkish politicians
The Köprülü family was an Ottoman noble family with origins from Albania. The family provided six Ottoman Grand Viziers. Several other family members became high-ranking Ottoman officers.

Köprülü Grand Viziers 

Albanian people
Noble families
Births 
 Richard De Bury, English statesman (died 1345)
 Castruccio Castracani, duke of Lucca (died 1328)
 Yuri III Danilovich, Grand Prince of Russia (died 1325)
 Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (died 1345)
 Hamdollah Mostowfi, Ilkhanid Iranian historian (died 1349)
 Rudolph I of Bohemia (died 1307)

Deaths 
 Ertuğrul, father of Osman I (born 1198)
 Traidenis, Grand Prince of Lithuania
1283 was a common year.

Births 
 Date uncertain – Margaret, the Maid of Norway (died 1290)

Deaths 
 January 9 – Wen Tianxiang, Chinese prime minister (executed, born 1236)
 October 3 – Dafydd ap Gruffydd, Welsh Prince of Gwynedd (executed)
 Philip, Crown Prince of Constantinople, Persian poet (born 1243)
 Piotr z Bogorii i Skotnik, Polish nobleman
1287 was a common year.

Births 
 January 24 – Richard Aungerville, English writer and bishop (died 1345)
 April 25 – Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, de facto ruler of England (died 1330)
 Robert III of Artois

Deaths 
 April 3 – Pope Honorius IV
 August 31 – Konrad von Würzburg, German poet
 October 19 – Bohemund VII of Tripoli
 Llywelyn ap Dafydd, a Welsh prince, in his prison at Bristol Castle
 Hu Sansheng, Chinese historian (born 1230)
Ashley Michelle Tisdale (born July 2, 1985) is an American actress-singer and producer. She is known for co-starring in the movies High School Musical, High School Musical 2 and High School Musical 3.  She also played candy counter girl, Maddie Fitzpatrick, on the Disney Channel television series of The Suite Life of Zack and Cody". She began singing and acting at an early age.  Her first studio album was called Headstrong. Some of her songs are "Be Good to Me", "Headstrong", "Not that Girl" and "Over It". Her newest second album is Guilty Pleasure. The  songs on it include "It's Alright It's Ok", "Hot Mess ".(song)"Hair" and "Crank it up". Her original hair color is blonde but she changed it for the series The Suite Life of Zack and Cody. She also lends her voice to the animated series Phineas and Ferb. She has earned up to 2.5 million dollars with the High School Musical movies. Ashley Tisdale worked on series Suite Life of Zack and Cody for three years. She also did one episode of Suite Life On Deck.
Her sister Jennifer Tisdale is also an actress as model.  Her parents are Mike Tisdale and Lisa Tisdale.
Filmography
Animated roles
 All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series - Additional Voices
 American Dad! - Amy Reed
 Family Guy - Priscilla
 Wattu Academy - Heaven Light
 Kim Possible - Camille Leon
 Phineas and Ferb - Candace Flynn, Princess Baldegunde
 The Powerpuff Girls - Tanya-corn
 Robot Chicken - Little Orphan Annie, Oliver Twist, Pippi Longstocking
 Skylanders Academy - Stealth Elf
 The Cleveland Show - Lacey Stapleton

Film roles
 A Bug's Life - Lead Blueberry Scout
 An All Dogs Christmas Carol - Additional Voices
 Birds of Paradise - Aurora
 Charming - Cinderella
 Whisper of the Heart'' - Yūko Harada

References

Other websites
Other websites

 

1985 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American child actors
Actors from New Jersey
Singers from New Jersey
High School Musical people
American composers
Models from New Jersey
American musical theatre actors
American pop singers
American singer-songwriters
American television producers
Warner Bros. Records artists
21st-century American singers
American movie producers
Jewish American musicians
Jewish actors
Musicians from New Jersey
Sopranos
Angela Beesley Starling (born on August 3, 1977) is a British web entrepreneur. She started as a volunteer editor at the English Wikipedia in February 2003. In June 2004, she was elected to the board of the Wikimedia Foundation and re-elected in July 2005.  

She worked with Jimmy Wales and started Wikia (Now known as Fandom) with him. She was the vice-president of Wikia  but left the company in 2012.

She is married to Tim Starling.

References

Other websites
 https://a.nge.la 
 

1977 births
Living people
British people
Derby is a type of race for horses. The race is named after Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby. A Derby only allows a certain age of horse to race. Most Derbies in the United States and the United Kingdom require the horse be three years old to race. So if the horse misses the Kentucky Derby when he is three, he will not get another chance to race in it. Derbies in other countries sometimes require the horse to be four years old.

Famous derbies 
Epsom Derby
Kentucky Derby

Horse riding
A reef is a rock, sandbar, or other feature below the water surface (less than 80 meters  below low water).

The best-known reefs are the coral reefs in tropical waters. They are built by corals and calcareous algae. Artificial reefs such as shipwrecks are sometimes created to attract fish and other organisms.
Luba Goy (born 8 November 1945 in  Germany) is now a Canadian comedienne and a Canadian television star.  She is of Ukrainian descent. She was probably best known as one of the stars of the Canadian comedy show Royal Canadian Air Farce.

1945 births
Living people
Canadian comedians
German entertainers
Fey graduated from the University of Virginia in 1992. She then moved to Chicago to take classes at the improvisational comedy group The Second City. She became a featured player there in 1994. Three years later, Fey became a writer for the sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live (SNL). She was promoted to the position of head writer in 1999. The following year, Fey was added to the cast of SNL. During her time there, she was co-anchor of the show's Weekend Update. After leaving SNL in 2006, she created her own television series called 30 Rock. The show is a situation comedy somewhat based on her experiences at SNL. In the show, Fey plays the head writer of a fictional sketch comedy series.

In 2004, Fey made her movie debut as writer and co-star of the teen comedy Mean Girls. In 2008, she starred in the comedy movie Baby Mama, with Amy Poehler. In 2009, Fey won an Emmy Award for her satirical portrayal of Republican vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin in a guest appearance on SNL.
Early life
Fey was born in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, a township just outside of Philadelphia. Her mother is Zenovia "Jeanne" (née Xenakes), a brokerage employee of Greek ancestry. Her father is Donald Fey, a university grant proposal-writer of German and Scottish ancestry. She has a brother, who is eight years older, named Peter.

Fey was exposed to comedy early. She recalls:

She also grew up watching Second City Television (SCTV) and says Catherine O'Hara is one of her role models.
Fey attended Cardington Elementary School and Beverly Hills Middle School in Upper Darby. By middle school, she knew she was interested in comedy. She did an independent-study project on the subject in eighth grade. Fey attended Upper Darby High School. There she was an honor student, a member of the choir, drama club, and tennis team. She was also co-editor of the school's newspaper. After her graduation in 1988, Fey enrolled at the University of Virginia. She studied playwriting and acting there. She graduated in 1992 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in drama.

Career
Career

Early career
After graduating, Fey first had plans to do graduate work in drama at DePaul University in Chicago, Illinois. But "I just got this feeling like it wasn't going to work out ... [that] they were take my money and then cut me from the program." She moved to Chicago anyway, knowing about the improvisational comedy group, The Second City. She took night classes at Second City. She had a day job working at the front desk of a YMCA in Evanston to pay for her classes. Once her Second City training began, she became highly involved in the "cult of improvisation". She became, as she called it later, "like one of those athletes trying to get into the Olympics. It was all about blind focus. I was so sure that I was doing exactly what I'd been put on this earth to do, and I would have done anything to make it onto that stage. Not because of SNL, but because I wanted to devote my life to improv. I would have been perfectly happy to stay at Second City forever."
In 1994, she joined the cast of The Second City. She performed eight shows a week, for two years. She was also in the revues Citizen Gates (1996) and Paradigm Lost (1997., She performed with Scott Adsit, Kevin Dorff, Rachel Dratch, Jenna Jolovitz, and Jim Zulevic. Improvisation became an important part of her understanding of what it means to be an actress, as she noted in an interview for The Believer in November 2003:

While in Chicago, Fey also made what she later called an "amateurish" try at stand-up comedy. She also performed at the ImprovOlympic theater.
Saturday Night Live (1998–2006)
While performing shows with the Second City in 1997, Fey sent several scripts to NBC's Saturday Night Live (SNL). She had been asked to send them by SNL'''s head writer Adam McKay.  McKay was a former performer at Second City. She was hired as a writer for SNL following a meeting with SNL creator Lorne Michaels.  Fey moved to New York. She told The New Yorker, "I’d had my eye on the show forever, the way other kids have their eye on Derek Jeter." At first, Fey "struggled" at SNL. Her first sketch to air starred Chris Farley in a Sally Jessy Raphael satire. Fey went on to write a series of parodies.  This included one of ABC's morning talk show The View. She co-wrote the "Sully and Denise" sketches with Rachel Dratch, who plays one of the teens.
Fey played an extra in one of the episodes in 1998. After watching herself, she decided to diet. By dieting she lost 30 pounds. She told The New York Times, "I was a completely normal weight. But I was here in New York City, I had money and I couldn't buy any clothes. After I lost weight, there was interest in putting me on camera." In 1999, McKay quit as head writer. Michaels asked Fey to replace McKay. She became SNL's first female head writer. Fey does not make a big deal about this accomplishment because there have not been very many head writers.
In 2000, Fey began performing in sketches. She and Jimmy Fallon became co-anchors of SNL's Weekend Update segment. Fey admitted she did not ask to audition, but that Michaels asked her to do it. Michaels explained that there was "chemistry" (connection) between Fey and Fallon. Michaels, however, said that choosing Fey was "kind of risky" at the time. Her role in Weekend Update was well received by critics. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly wrote: "...Fey delivers such blow darts – poison filled jokes written in long, precisely parsed sentences unprecedented in Update history – with such a bright, sunny countenance makes her all the more devilishly delightful." Dennis Miller, a former cast member of SNL and anchor of Weekend Update, was pleased with Fey as one of the anchors for the segment: "...Fey might be the best Weekend Update anchor who ever did it. She writes the funniest jokes". Robert Bianco of USA Today, however, commented that he was "not enamored" with the pairing.
In 2001, Fey and the writing staff won a Writers Guild of America Award for SNL's 25th anniversary special. The following year at the 2002 Emmy Awards ceremony, she and the writing team won the Emmy for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music or Comedy Program.

The pairing of Fey and Fallon ended in May 2004. Fallon left the show at the end of that season. He was replaced by Amy Poehler. It was the first time that two women co-anchored Weekend Update. Fey revealed that she "hired" Poehler as her co-host for the segment. The reception to the teaming of Fey and Poehler was positive. Rachel Sklar of the Chicago Tribune noting that the pairing "has been a hilarious, pitch-perfect success as they play off each other with quick one-liners and deadpan delivery".

The 2005-2006 season was Fey's last. After it she left to make 30 Rock.

30 Rock (2006–present)
In 2002, Fey suggested a pilot episode for a situation comedy about a cable news network to NBC, who rejected it. The pilot was written again to focus on an SNL style series. It was accepted by NBC. She signed a contract with NBC in May 2003.  It allowed her to remain in her SNL head writer position at least through the 2004–2005 television season. As part of the contract, Fey was to develop a primetime project to be produced by Broadway Video and NBC Universal. She began developing the pilot project under the working title Untitled Tina Fey Project. The pilot, directed by Adam Bernstein, centered on the head writer of a variety show and how she managed her relationships with the show's star and its executive producer. In October 2006, the pilot aired on NBC as 30 Rock. Although the episode received generally good reviews, it finished third in its timeslot.
The network gave the series a second season, which began in October 2007. The show's third season premiered on October 30, 2008. The premiere episode set records for the highest ratings of the series. In January 2009, NBC renewed 30 Rock for the 2009–2010 season.

In 2007, Fey received an Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series. The show itself won the 2007 Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series. In 2008, she won the Golden Globe, Screen Actors Guild, and Emmy awards all in the category for Best Actress in a Comedy Series. The following year, Fey again won the Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award in the same categories. She was also nominated for an Emmy Award. In early 2010, Fey received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress. She won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Lead Actress.
Sarah Palin
In September and October 2008 Fey was a guest on SNL to perform a series of parodies of Republican vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin. On the 34th season premiere episode, aired September 13, 2008, Fey imitated Palin in a sketch, alongside Amy Poehler as Hillary Clinton. Their act included Clinton making fun of Palin about her "Tina Fey glasses". The sketch quickly became NBC.com's most-watched viral video ever. It had 5.7 million views by the following Wednesday. Fey acted in the role again on the October 4 show. She also acted as Palin on the October 18 show where she was joined by the real Sarah Palin. The October 18 show had the best ratings of any SNL show since 1994. The following year Fey won an Emmy in the category of Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for her acting as Palin.
In December 2009, Entertainment Weekly put her impersonation on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, writing, "Fey's freakishly spot-on SNL impersonation of the wannabe VP (and her ability to strike a balance between comedy and cruelty) made for truly transcendent television."

Other work
In 2000, Fey worked with fellow SNL cast member Rachel Dratch in the Off Broadway two-woman show Dratch & Fey at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater in New York City. The show was well received by critics. Tim Townsend of The Wall Street Journal in review of Dratch & Fey, wrote that the fun part of watching them perform was "seeing how comfortable they are with each other". He said that the show "isn't about two women being funny. [...] Dratch and Fey are just funny. Period." One of the SNL sketches, "Sully and Denise", originated at Second City in Chicago.
On August 13, 2007, Fey was a guest on the children's television series Sesame Street, in the episode, "The Bookaneers". She appeared as a guest judge on the November 25, 2007 episode of the Food Network program Iron Chef America. Fey has appeared in Disney's campaign "Year of a Million Dreams" as Tinker Bell, along with Mikhail Baryshnikov as Peter Pan and Gisele Bündchen as Wendy Darling. She has also done commercials for American Express credit card.

On February 23, 2008, Fey hosted the first episode of SNL after the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. For this appearance, she was nominated for an Emmy in the category of Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program.
Movies
In 2002, Fey appeared in the comedy Martin & Orloff. She made her debut as writer and co-star of the 2004 teen comedy Mean Girls. Characters and behaviors in the movie are based on Fey's high school life at Upper Darby High School. It is also based on the non-fiction book Queen Bees and Wannabes by Rosalind Wiseman. The cast includes other past cast members of SNL including Tim Meadows, Ana Gasteyer, and Amy Poehler. The movie received favorable reviews. It was a box office success, grossing $129 million worldwide.

In a 2004 interview, Fey said that she would like to write and direct movies in which she has small parts. As of April 2006, Fey has been working on a movie script for Paramount Pictures, which will feature Sacha Baron Cohen, by the name of Curly Oxide and Vic Thrill. It is based loosely on the true story of a Hasidic rock musician. In 2007, she was cast in the animated comedy movie Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters as the teens' mother, a giant burrito.
Fey and former SNL castmate Amy Poehler starred in the 2008 comedy Baby Mama. The movie was written and directed by Michael McCullers. The movie is about Kate (Fey), a business woman, who wants a child but, discovering she has only a million-to-one chance of getting pregnant, decides to find a surrogate: Angie (Poehler), a white-trash schemer. Baby Mama received mixed reviews, but many critics enjoyed Fey's performance. Todd McCarthy of Variety wrote: "Fey is a delight to watch throughout. Able to convey Kate's intentions and feelings through the simple looks and inflections, she never melodramatizes her situation; nor does her efficient, perfectionist side become overbearing." The movie grossed over $64 million at the box office.
Fey's projects after 2008 include her giving her voice to the character Lisa in the English language version of the Japanese animated movie Ponyo on the Cliff by the Sea (titled Ponyo for its U.S. release). In 2009, she appeared in The Invention of Lying, alongside Ricky Gervais, Jennifer Garner, Rob Lowe, and Christopher Guest. Her next movie role was in Shawn Levy's comedy Date Night. The movie focuses on a married couple, played by Fey and Steve Carell, who go on a date. However, the night goes wrong for the two. In addition, she has agreed to do voice work for the DreamWorks animated movie MegaMind.
In the media
Fey was ranked in the Hot 100 List at number 80 on Maxim magazine in 2002. She was named one of People magazine's 50 Most Beautiful People in 2003. Fey was one of People magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People in 2007, 2008, and 2009. In 2007, she was included in People's 100 Most Beautiful issue. Also in 2007, Fey placed seventh on the Hot 100 List on AfterEllen.com. She was on the list again the next year, too. However, in 2008 she was number one on the list.
In 2001, Entertainment Weekly named Fey as one of their Entertainers of the Year for her work on Weekend Update. She again was named one of the magazine's Entertainers of the Year in 2007. She placed number two in 2008. In 2009, Fey was named as Entertainment Weekly's fifth individual in their 15 Entertainers of the 2000s list. The newspaper editors and broadcast producers of the Associated Press voted Fey the AP Entertainer of the Year as the performer who had the greatest impact on culture and entertainment in 2008.  They cited her impression of Sarah Palin on SNL. She has appeared on the annual Celebrity 100 list by Forbes in 2008 and 2009 at No. 99 and No. 86.
In 2007, the New York Post included Fey in New York's 50 Most Powerful Women, ranking her at number 33. Fey was among the Time 100, a list of the 100 most influential people in the world, in 2007 and 2009, as selected annually by Time magazine. Fey's featured article for the 2009 list was written by 30 Rock co-star, Alec Baldwin. She was selected by Barbara Walters as one of America's 10 Most Fascinating People of 2008.

Personal life

Fey is married to Jeff Richmond. Richmond was a composer on 30 Rock. They met at Chicago's Second City. The two dated for seven years before marrying in a Greek Orthodox ceremony on June 3, 2001. They have a daughter, Alice Zenobia Richmond, who was born on September 10, 2005, while Fey was still working at SNL. Fey returned to the show on October 22, saying "I had to get back to work. NBC has me under contract; the baby and I have only a verbal agreement." In April 2009, Fey and Richmond bought a $3.4 million apartment in the Upper West Side in New York City.
Fey has a scar a few inches long on the left side of her chin and cheek. Fey was quoted in the November 25, 2001, New York Times article as saying about it: "It's a childhood injury that was kind of grim. And it kind of bums my parents out for me to talk about it". But in an interview with Fey and Richmond in the January 2009 issue of Vanity Fair, Richmond said the scar comes from a slashing incident, which happened when she was five. Richmond said: "It was in, like, the front yard of her house, and somebody just came up, and she just thought somebody marked her with a pen." She has said she was unsure about talking about it because "It's impossible to talk about it without somehow seemingly exploiting it."  Fey shows her right (non-scar) side of her face more often when acting as her character Liz Lemon.
Her charity work includes support of Autism Speaks. It is a group that sponsors autism research. It hosts awareness and outreach activities aimed at families, governments, and the public. At the 64th Golden Globe Awards, Fey wore a blue puzzle piece to raise awareness for the organization. In April 2008, she participated in Night of Too Many Stars, a comedy show benefit for autism education.

Fey is also a supporter of Mercy Corps, a global relief and development organization, in their campaign to end world hunger. Fey narrated a video for Mercy Corps's Action Center in New York City, describing hunger as a symptom of many wider world problems. She also supports the Love Our Children USA organization, which fights violence against children. They named her among their Mothers Who Make a Difference in 2009. She was the 2009 national spokesperson for the Light The Night Walk, which benefits the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.

Detailed works
As a writer

As an actress
As an actress

Awards and nominations
The following awards are put under the year they were announced. They are not necessarily the year covered by the award ceremony.

References
Further reading
Baldwin, Kristen. "'Update' With Destiny ." Entertainment Weekly. May 2, 2002. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Otto, Jeff. "IGN Interviews Tina Fey." IGN. April 23, 2004. Accessed July 15, 2009.
Smith, Kyle. "Leap of Fey." People Magazine. May 3, 2004. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Schwartz, Missy. "The Smartest Girl in The Class ." Entertainment Weekly. May 7, 2004. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Ryder, Caroline. "A Conversation with Tina Fey." Women's Health Magazine. March 2007. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Rys, Richard. "Exit Interview: Tina Fey ." Philadelphia Magazine. April 3, 2008. Accessed July 15, 2009.
Baldwin, Kristen. "Tina Fey: One Hot 'Mama' ." Entertainment Weekly. April 9, 2008. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Jacobs, A.J. "Tina Fey, Make Us Laugh." Esquire Magazine. May 1, 2008. Accessed July 15, 2009.
Carnwath, Ally. "Queen of the jokers." The Guardian. May 4, 2008. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Goodwin, Christopher. "And funny with it." The Guardian. May 11, 2008. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Moran, Caitlin. "Tina Fey and Sarah Silverman: the new queens of comedy." The Times October 3, 2008. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Carter, Bill. "It’s Easy to Find Tina Fey on TV, but Not Her Show." The New York Times. October 13, 2008. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Freydkin, Donna. "Tina Fey is between a 'Rock' and a funny place at 'SNL'." USA Today. October 23, 2008. Accessed July 14, 2009.
Brown, Laura. "Tina Fey Rocks." Harper's Bazaar. November 2009. Accessed October 7, 2009.
Pringle, Gill. "Tina Fey — From spoofer to movie stardom." The Independent. March 19, 2010. Accessed March 19, 2010.
Walker-Mitchell, Donna. "Witty woman." The Sydney Morning Herald''. March 28, 2010. Accessed March 28, 2010.
Other websites

 Interview on Fresh Air, aired November 3, 2008

1970 births
Living people
Actors from New York City
Actors from Philadelphia
American television actors
Comedians from Pennsylvania
Emmy Award winners
Extras
Mark Twain Prize recipients
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Ashley Margaret Anne Leggat (born September 26, 1986) is a Canadian actress who is known for her roles as "Casey MacDonald" in the Canadian series Life with Derek. She is close friends with her television co-star Michael Seater. She has four older brothers. She is also a supporter of anti-bullying along with Michael Seater.

1986 births
Living people
Canadian television actors
People from Hamilton
Jessica Marie Lunsford (October 6, 1995 – February 27, 2005) was an American nine-year-old girl   who was abducted from her home in Homosassa, Florida on February 24, 2005, then raped and murdered by 46-year-old John Couey, a known sex offender.

The media covered the investigation and trial of her killer extensively. On August 24, 2007, a judge in Inverness, Florida sentenced Couey, a convicted sex offender, to death for kidnapping, raping and murdering her.  On September 30, 2009, before the sentences could be carried out, Couey died of natural causes.

Lunsford's murder influenced the legislation in Florida known as "Jessica's Law". It is designed to protect potential victims and reduce a sexual offender's ability to re-offend. It has influenced legislation in forty-two other states.

References 

2005 crimes
2005 deaths
2005 in Florida
2000s murders in the United States
American children
February events
Kidnapped American people
Murder in Florida
Deaths by person in the United States
Murdered children
Puncak Jaya is a  mountain in New Guinea. It is the highest mountain in Oceania. It is also called the Carstensz Pyramid.

The mountain was first named the Carstensz Pyramid, after Jan Carstenszoon. He was a Dutch explorer who saw the glaciers on it in 1623. Then in 1963 the name was changed to Sukarno Peak by Indonesia, and then later to Puncak Jaya.

Puncak Jaya is thought of by some as the hardest to climb of the Seven Summits. The first people to reach the top were Heinrich Harrer, Philip Temple, Russell Kippax, and Albertus Huizenga, in 1962. An earlier group were first thought to reach the top in 1936. However, at the time it was not known which summit was the highest. They were able to climb two peaks but not what is now known to be the highest one.

References 

Mountains of Asia
Geography of Indonesia
Raviv "Ricky" Ullman (, born on January 24, 1986 in Eilat) is an Israeli-American actor. He played Phil Diffy in the Disney Channel show Phil of the Future.

Early life
He was born in Israel to American parents, Laura and Brain Ullman. After his first birthday his family moved to Connecticut. When he went to camp he played Peter Pan in a show. This made him discover his talent in acting, singing, and dancing.

He eventually taught himself how to play the drums. He graduated from Fairfield Warde High School. Now he lives in South Carolina.

1986 births
Living people
Actors from Connecticut
American child actors
American drummers
American stage actors
American television actors
Israeli stage actors
Israeli television actors
Jewish American actors
Jewish American musicians
Jewish Israeli actors
Jewish Israeli musicians
Homosassa is a census-designated place (CDP) in Citrus County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,299 at the 2020 census.

References

Census-designated places in Florida
Jaws is a 1975 American thriller movie directed by Steven Spielberg. It is based on the novel Jaws by Peter Benchley.

The events of the movie are set in the small, quiet, fictional seaside resort of Amity, Massachusetts. The movie follows three men as they try to capture and kill a great white shark that is threatening the town on Independence Day. The movie follows Martin Brody, the slightly unheroic local sheriff who must decide whether to follow his instinct to shut the beach for safety reasons or keep the beach open to help the local tourist economy. Matt Hooper, a marine biologist, and Quint, the local shark hunter, help Brody to overcome his fears of the water and stop the great white shark attacks. It has three sequels: Jaws 2, Jaws 3, and Jaws: The Revenge.
Awards
Jaws won three Academy Awards for Best Film Editing, Best Original Dramatic Score, and Best Sound. It was also nominated for Best Picture, losing to One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. Along with the Oscar, John Williams's score won the Grammy Award, the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music, and the Golden Globe Award. To her Academy Award, Verna Fields added the American Cinema Editors' Eddie Award for Best Edited Feature Film.

Jaws was chosen Favorite Movie at the People's Choice Awards. It was also nominated for best Film, Director, Actor (Richard Dreyfuss), Editing, Screenplay and Sound at the 29th British Academy Film Awards, and Best Film—Drama, Director, and Screenplay at the 33rd Golden Globe Awards. Spielberg was nominated by the Directors Guild of America for a DGA Award. The Writers Guild of America nominated Peter Benchley and Carl Gottlieb's script for Best Adapted Drama.
In 2001, the United States Library of Congress selected it for the National Film Registry. In 2006, its screenplay was ranked the 63rd best of all time by the Writers Guild of America.

References

Other websites 
 Official website 
 
 

1975 thriller movies
1975 adventure movies
American adventure movies
American thriller movies
English-language movies
Jaws movies
Movies about animals
Movies about sharks
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
Movies composed by John Williams
Movies set on beaches
Movies set on islands
Movies set in Massachusetts
United States National Film Registry movies
Universal Pictures movies
People's Choice Award winners
During the early Greek times, nostalgia was treated as a mental condition primarily based on extreme homesickness. In modern times, however, nostalgia is treated as a separate emotion. Nostalgia is often associated with positive feelings, often associated with positive memories of the past. The feeling of nostalgia often helps improve the mood of the person who is experiencing nostalgia. It also makes the person feel more connected to society. It can make the person feel more aware about living life to the best. Nostalgia is also shown to help reinforce memories, as well as assist with learning.

Animals, such as cats and dogs, can also feel nostalgia.

References

Related pages
Homesickness
Retro

Emotions
Alcazar is a Swedish pop group who had a string of hit singles during the early 2000s decade and are continuing successfully today.

Alcazar have taken part in the Melodifestivalen, the competition that selects Sweden's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest three imes. In 2003 Not A Sinner, Nor A Saint came third overall. But it became the biggest hit of all the songs in Melodifestivalen 2003 and won the National Finals Song Contest. It became Alcazar's first #1 single in Sweden and did sell gold. In 2005 Alcastar failed to qualify for the final automatically, but eventually made it through after a second chance semi-final.  However, the group again had to settle for third in the final, which was won by Martin Stenmarck's song Las Vegas. But the song became a hit and only needed three days in stores to became Alcazar's second #1 single in Sweden. In 2009 their Stay the night came fourth in TV-voting and fifth overall.

Other websites

Swedish pop music groups
Dame Julie Andrews  (born Julia Elizabeth Wells; 1 October 1935) is a British movie and stage actress, singer, theatre director, dancer, and writer. She was born in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey. Andrews was a child actress and singer. She appeared on the West End in 1948. She made her Broadway debut in The Boy Friend in 1954. She starred in the stage musicals My Fair Lady and Camelot with real success. In 1957, she appeared on television in the musical Cinderella. She has also been author to two of her own memoirs.

Andrews made her movie debut in Mary Poppins in 1964. She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for this performance. She appeared in The Sound of Music in 1965. Between 1964 and 1967, Andrews appeared in The Americanization of Emily, Hawaii, Torn Curtain, and Thoroughly Modern Millie. In the 1970s, Andrews had a few commercial disappointments before appearing successfully in 10 (1979) and Victor/Victoria (1982). Her career sagged in the 1990s. Her voice was damaged by a throat operation in 1997.
Andrews appeared successfully in dramatic roles in The Princess Diaries in 2001, and its sequel The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement in 2004. She had voice roles in the Shrek animated movies. In 2003 and again in 2005, Andrews directed revivals of her first Broadway hit, The Boy Friend, in New York and Connecticut. Andrews has also written children's books. In 2008, she published her autobiography, Home: A Memoir of My Early Years. Andrews has received many awards during her career including an Academy Award, Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award, Grammy Award, BAFTA, People's Choice Award, Theatre World Award, and Screen Actors Guild honors. In 2000, she was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) by Elizabeth II for services to the performing arts.
Movie list 
 Mary Poppins (1964)
 The Americanization of Emily (1964)
 The Sound of Music (1965)
 Hawaii (1966)
 Torn Curtain (1966)
 Thoroughly Modern Millie (1967)
 Star! (1968)
 Darling Lili (1970)
 The Tamarind Seed (1974)
 10 (1979)
 Little Miss Marker (1980)
 S.O.B. (1981)
 Viktor/Viktoria (1982)
 The Princess Diaries (2001)
 Shrek 2 (2003)
 The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement (2004)
 Shrek the Third (2007)
 Enchanted (2007)
 Despicable Me (2010)

References

Other websites 

1935 births
Living people
Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Surrey
BAFTA Award winning actors
English child actors
English children's writers
Emmy Award winners
English movie actors
English singers
English stage actors
English voice actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Grammy Award winners
Musicians from Surrey
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Writers from Surrey
People's Choice Award winners
Knights and Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Mount has three main meanings.

Mountain 

"Mount" is often used to mean "mountain", as part of a name e.g. Mount Vesuvius, Mount McKinley, Mount Everest.

Mount as a verb 
To "mount" something means to put it onto something else. 

 An artist mounts his paintings on cardboard. An architect mounts his models on foamcore. 
 A camera is mounted on a tripod. A gun is mounted on the deck of a ship.
 A rider mounts a horse. A gymnast mounts the balance beam for a display. 
 A male animal mounts a female animal to have sexual intercourse.

Mount as a noun 
A "mount" is a thing for mounting something on. 

It might be a piece of equipment such as: 
 A lens mount for a camera. This is the part of the camera that is made specially so that lenses can be attached.
It might be a piece of stiff flat "backing" such as: 
 A mount for a stuffed animal. This is a piece of polished wood that a stuffed animal can be fixed to, for display. 
 A picture mount. This is a piece of cardboard which a photograph or other picture is attached to. 

It might be an animal: 
 "Frederick's mount was a fine black horse, Ernest's mount was a chestnut mare, Clumsy Jack's mount was a skinny old goat."

Mount in computing and software 
 Mount (in computing), the process of making a file system accessible
 Mount Unix, the utility in Unix-like operating systems which mounts file systems 
 Mount (streaming), a concept used in streaming software programs
Odoacer (Flavius Odoacrus/Odovacar/Odowaker/Odoacer; b. 431, † probably  March 15, 493 in Ravenna) was a soldier in the army of the West Roman Empire of Germanic descent. When he forced the last Western Roman Emperor Romulus Augustus to quit his throne in 476, he became King of Italy. That event is considered the end of Ancient history and the beginning of the Middle Ages by historians. After a rule of 17 years, Odoacer would be killed by the Ostrogothic king Theodoric the Great at the age of 62 in 493.

References

Kings and Queens of Italy
431 births
493 deaths
Roman generals
Alexios I Komnenos or Alexius I Comnenus (; ; 1048 – August 15, 1118), Byzantine emperor (1081–1118), was the son of John Komnenos and Anna Dalassena. He was the nephew of Isaac I Komnenos (emperor 1057–1059). The military, financial and territorial recovery of the Byzantine Empire known as Komnenian restoration began in his time.

1081 births
1118 deaths
Byzantine emperors
Slayer was an American thrash metal band that began in California in 1981. The band was started guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King, as well as drummer Dave Lombardo and bassist/singer Tom Araya. Slayer is one of the "Big Four" of thrash metal music, along with Metallica, Anthrax and Megadeth.

Slayer's music has a fast and angry heavy metal style. The words to the band's songs are about murderers, Satan, religion, racism and war. Singing about these things gave the band a lot of controversy. Their music has inspired many other bands. Their third album, Reign in Blood, has been called one of the heaviest thrash metal albums.

Slayer has released ten studio albums, two live albums and a box-set. Four of the band's albums have been certified gold by the RIAA. The band has been the top band at many large music festivals around the world and their music has been added to many video games.

Band members
Band members

Current members
 Tom Araya – Lead vocals, bass (1981–present)
 Kerry King – Guitar (1981–present)
 Paul Bostaph – Drums (1992–1996, 1997–2001, 2013–present)
 Gary Holt – Guitar (2011–present)

Former members
 Jeff Hanneman – Guitar (1981–2013)
 Dave Lombardo – Drums (1981–1986, 1987–1992, 2001–2013)
 Tony Scaglione – Drums (1986–1987)
 Jon Dette – Drums (1996–1997, 2013)

Discography

Albums
Show No Mercy (1983)
Hell Awaits (1985)
Reign in Blood (1986)
South of Heaven (1988)
Seasons in the Abyss (1990)
Divine Intervention (1994)
Undisputed Attitude (1996)
Diabolus in Musica (1998)
God Hates Us All (2001)
Christ Illusion (2006)
World Painted Blood (2009)
Repentless (2015)

References

Other websites 
Slayer's official website

1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
Thrash metal bands
American heavy metal bands
Speed metal bands
Musical groups from Huntington Beach, California
Megadeth is a heavy metal band from the United States. Dave Mustaine started the band in 1983 after Metallica fired him. Megadeth is a member of the "Big Four" in thrash metal along with Metallica, Slayer and Anthrax. 

Megadeth is one of the bands that have made thrash metal. They have released 15 albums of music. The band's music is complex. It has a fast tempo and difficult guitar solos.
In 1985, Megadeth made its first album. It was named Killing is My Business... and Business is Good!. Combat Records (a record label) released the album. After the album came out, larger record labels noticed Megadeth. The band joined Capitol Records. Their first album with Capitol Records, Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?, was released in 1986. In the 1980s, many members of Megadeth were addicted to drugs. Band members also had problems with each other. Because of this, they had bad publicity. The band has released many popular albums, such as So Far, So Good... So What! (1988), Rust in Peace (1990), and Countdown to Extinction (1992). 

Megadeth has had many different guitarists, drummers, and bassists. Mustaine is the only member of the original group who is still in the band. The band broke up in 2002 when Mustaine hurt his arm. They got back together in 2004. Megadeth's current members are guitarist and singer Dave Mustaine, guitarist Kiko Loureiro, drummer Dirk Verbeuren and bassist James LoMenzo.
History

1983–1985: Band starts, Killing is My Business... and Business is Good! 

On April 11, 1983, Metallica fired Dave Mustaine before they released their first album, Kill 'Em All. This was because he was addicted to drugs. He also had problems with James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich. Mustaine was one of the first members of Metallica. He made some of the band's first songs. After he was fired, Mustaine wanted to make a band that had faster, better music than Metallica. While he was riding a bus to Los Angeles, Mustaine read an advertisement by Senator Alan Cranston that had the word "megadeath" in it. He liked the word, and wrote a song named "Megadeth".

When he got to Los Angeles, Mustaine wanted to make a band. He looked for musicians for it. Bassist David Ellefson and guitarist Greg Handevidt joined the band. He named the band Fallen Angels. He changed the name to Megadeth later.
Handevidt only stayed in the band for a few months. Mustaine and Ellefson worked well together. Mustaine had trouble finding other people to join Megadeth. Many drummers auditioned to join the band during this time. The band wanted a drummer they could work well with. Lee Rausch joined the band to play the drums. For six months, they tried to find someone that wanted to be the band's singer. Mustaine became the singer so they could start making music. A few singers were in Megadeth before this. None of them stayed in the band.

In 1984, Megadeth made three songs. The songs were put in a demo named Last Rites. The demo was released on March 9, 1984. It had songs such as "Last Rites/Loved to Death" and "Mechanix". These were later on the band's first album.
Megadeth could not find a second guitarist that worked well with the band. Kerry King from Slayer played guitar for some of the band's concerts in San Francisco in early 1984. After the concerts, King went back to playing with Slayer. Megadeth replaced Lee Rausch with jazz drummer Gar Samuelson in October 1984. Before joining Megadeth, Samuelson was in a jazz band with a guitarist named Chris Poland. Poland watched Samuelson playing with Megadeth and told Mustaine he wanted to play with the band as well. He joined Megadeth in December 1984.

Megadeth joined Combat Records after they offered to give the band a lot of money to record music and play at concerts. In 1985, Combat Records gave Megadeth $8,000 to make their first album. The band spent half of it on food, drugs, and alcohol. They fired the producer they were given, and made the album.
Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good! was released in 1985. Many people who listened to metal liked the album. Bigger record labels noticed Megadeth because the album sold a lot of copies. Vic Rattlehead, the band's mascot, was on the front cover of the album. This was the first time he was shown. Music writer Joel McIver, who liked Killing is My Business, said the album put pressure on other bands. It "raised the bar for the whole thrash metal scene".

In the middle of 1985, Megadeth went on their first North American tour. It was named the "Killing for a Living Tour". Guitarist Mike Albert replaced Chris Poland for the tour because Poland was using drugs. Albert was going to keep playing guitar with Megadeth, but Poland came back to the band in October 1985.

1986–1987: Peace Sells... but Who's Buying? 
Megadeth wanted to make another good album. Mustaine started writing music for a new one. Other members of the band gave him ideas for songs.