Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The church is not a cathedral in the strict sense of the word because it has never been the seat of a bishop.

The domed tower, which is a viewing platform open to visitors, provides a panoramic view of Berlin. A restaurant is located in the basement underneath the prayer hall. The tower also contains the Huguenot museum of Berlin.

Other websites

Calvinism
Protestant churches in Germany
Cathedrals in Germany
Buildings and structures in Berlin
18th-century buildings and structures‎
The cane toad (Bufo marinus) is a species of toad. They are also known as the marine toad or the giant neotropical toad.
 
Cane toads are terrestrial amphibians. This means that they only go back to the water to lay their eggs. They live in Central America and South America. However, they have been introduced to Australia, Oceania in general and the Caribbean.

In Australia 
Nearly 80 years ago, a group of 102 cane toads were sent to Queensland to catch sugar beetles. 
Cane-growers were concerned about the damage insect larvae were doing to crops. The insects were native to Australia, but bad for the valuable cane crops.
The first cane toads were brought into Queensland by Reginald Mungomery, an entomologist. Before 1935, Australia had no toads. The entire continent, full of various frog species, had no toads. Tough and always moving into new areas, the cane toads started reproducing and expanding outwards every wet season. This "invasion front" moved around 10 km a year until the 1960s, when it began speeding up significantly.

Cane toads are rapidly adapting to dry climates, a huge change from their origins in the South American rainforest. They have poison gland in their skin.

Their predators 
In their native habitat, a number of fish and reptiles prey on the tadpoles and the adult toad.
These include the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris), the banded cat-eyed snake (Leptodeira annulata),  eels (family Anguillidae), various species of killifish,  the black rat (Rattus rattus) and the Asian water monitor (Varanus salvator).
They have far fewer predators in Australia but, as time passes, some of the local animals will adapt their behaviour. Already some Australian crows have learned strategies allowing them to feed on cane toads, such as using their beak to flip toads onto their back. Opossums of the Didelphis genus likely can eat cane toads with impunity. Meat ants are unaffected by the cane toads' toxins, and therefore are able to kill them. The cane toad's normal response to attack is to stand still and let its toxin kill the attacker, which allows the ants to attack and eat the toad.

Ibis flip the toads about, throwing them in the air. After this they either wipe the toads in the wet grass, or they go down to a water source  and rinse the toads out.

In popular culture
A cane toad is one of the non-human characters in Dave Barry's 1999 novel Big Trouble and in the 2002 movie based on the novel.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

Species Profile - Cane Toad (Bufo marinus) , National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for cane toad.

Toads
The parotoid gland is a skin gland on the back, neck and shoulder of toads and some frogs and salamanders. It's secretes has a substance that predators can smell. This smell will tell them that they are toxic animals. The substance, bufotoxin, acts as a nuerotoxin.

Parotoid glands looks like warts on an amphibian skin. However, warts are grown by viral infections. Parotoid glands are normal and healthy parts of the animals that have them. Many people believe that touching a toad may cause warts. However, this is not true.

References 

Amphibians
Animal anatomy
Mole salamanders are member of the genus Ambystoma. They are a group of animals that live in North America. They are the only genus in the family Ambystomatidae. The Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is a popular exotic pet. They are also used in research. The Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) is an official amphibian of many US states. They are also sold as pets.
Species
 Mountain Stream Salamander (Ambystoma altimirani) V
 Blunt-Headed Salamander (Ambystoma amblycephalum) V
 Anderson's Salamander (Ambystoma andersoni) N
 Ringed Salamander (Ambystoma annulatum) T
 Streamside Salamander (Ambystoma barbouri) T
 Reticulated Flatwoods Salamander (Ambystoma bishopi) T
 Delicate-Skinned Salamander (Ambystoma bombypellum) T
 California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense) T
 Frosted Flatwoods Salamander (Ambystoma cingulatum) T
 Lake Patzcuaro Salamander (Ambystoma dumerilii) N
 Yellow-Peppered Salamander (Ambystoma flavipiperatum) T
 Northwestern Salamander (Ambystoma gracile) T
 Granular Salamander (Ambystoma granulosum) T
 Jefferson salamander (Ambystoma jeffersonianum) T
 Blue-spotted Salamander (Ambystoma laterale) T
 Silvery Salamander (Ambystoma platineum)
 Tremblay's Salamander (Ambystoma tremblayi)
 Lake Lerma Salamander (Ambystoma lermaense) V
 Leora's Salamander (Ambystoma leorae) T
 Mabee's Salamander (Ambystoma mabeei) T
Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) T
 Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum) T
 Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) T
 Barred Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium) V
 Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) N
 Marbled Salamander (Ambystoma opacum) T
 Puerto Hondo Stream Salamander (Ambystoma ordinarium) V
 Michoacan Stream Salamander (Ambystoma rivulare) T
 Tarahumara Salamander (Ambystoma rosaceum) V
 Durango Salamander (Ambystoma silvense) V
 Mole Salamander (Ambystoma talpoideum) V
 Taylor's Salamander (Ambystoma taylori) N
 Small-mouthed Salamander (Ambystoma texanum) T
 Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) V
 Plateau Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma velasci) V
Other websites

Tree of Life: Ambystomatidae 
Herpseeker.dk 
IUCN redlist of threatened Ambystomatidae

Salamanders
A rib is a bone that forms a structure around the thorax of vertebrates. This is known as the rib cage. Humans have 24 ribs, 12 on each side. 

It is a common urban legend that male humans have one fewer pair of ribs than female humans. However, this is not true. This came from the Christian bible explaining the creation of Eve from the rib of Adam.

Other websites 

Bones
Taricha is a genus of newts. There are only three species and four subspecies. They are called western newts and Pacific newts. All newts are part of the family Salamandridae. The three species in this genus are California newt, the rough-skinned newt and the red bellied newt. They are all found on the west coast of the United States.

Species 
Genus Taricha (Western Newts / Pacific Newts) - 3 species
 Rough-skinned Newt (Taricha granulosa)
 Red-bellied Newt (Taricha rivularis)
 California Newt (Taricha torosa)

Newts
The Plethodontidae is a family of lungless salamanders. They are the largest groups of salamanders. They probably evolved in North America, where there are 14 genera and about 150 species. Only one species is in Europe: it is  Speleomantes, the cave salamander.

Most of them are terrestrial and are active in daytime. Lungless salamanders may communicate with their nose.p168 Slender salamanders are found in the Pacific Coast. They are sometimes called "worm salamanders". This is because they have slimmer (skinny) bodies than most salamanders.p182 If touched, slender salamanders will bounce on the ground and then run away.

References

Other websites 
 AmphibiaWeb - Plethodontidae
 Tree of Life: Plethodontidae 
 Caudata Culture Species Database - Plethodontidae 

Salamanders
Irritation in biology is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell damage. The skin and the eyes may turn red.

Related pages
 Itch

Physiology
Slender salamander is a common name given to lungless salamanders of the genus Batrachoseps. They are different from other lungless salamanders. They have four toes on each foot. They live in Oregon, California and Baja California in Mexico.

Species
19 species are recognized in this genus:

Other websites
 . 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (10 October, 2007). Batrachoseps. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: July 30, 2008). 
  [web application]. 2008. Berkeley, California: Batrachoseps. AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: July 30, 2008). 
 Tree of Life: Batrachoseps
 A slender salamanders page 

Salamanders
A Pacific coast is when a country is next to the Pacific Ocean.

Geography

The Americas
Countries on the western side of the Americas have a Pacific coast as their western border.

 Geography of Canada
 Geography of Chile
 Geography of Colombia
 Geography of Costa Rica
 Geography of Ecuador
 Geography of El Salvador
 Geography of Guatemala
 Geography of Honduras
 Geography of Mexico
 Geography of Nicaragua
 Geography of Panama
 Geography of Peru
 West Coast of the United States

Asia
Countries on the eastern side of Asia have a Pacific coast as their eastern border.

 Geography of Russia
 Geography of Japan
 Geography of South Korea
 Geography of South Korea
 Geography of China
 Geography of the Philippines
 Geography of Taiwan

Oceania
Countries in Oceania may have a Pacific coast anywhere, including their entire border
 Geography of Australia
 Geography of New Zealand
 Geography of Papua New Guinea

Other websites 

Pacific Ocean
The Chinese fire belly newt (Cynops orientalis) is a species of newts. They are small and will reach up to 2.2-4 inches (6-10 cm). They are black and have bright orange colors on their front side. They are commonly found in pet stores. They are sometimes confused with the Japanese fire belly newt. This is because of their small size and colors. However, the Chinese fire belly newt has smoother skin and a rounder tail than the Japanese Fire Belly Newt.

References

  Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is of least concern
Chang, Mangven L. Y. 1936. Contribution à l'étude Morphologique, Biologique et systématique des Amphibiens urodèles de la Chine. Libraire Picart, Paris, 156 p.
Brodie, Edmund D., Jr., John Hensel, Jr. and Judith Johnson. “Toxicity of the Urodele Amphibians Taricha, Notophthalmus, Cynops and Paramesotriton (Salamandridae)” Copeia. 1974. n2. p506-511.

Newts
Animals of Asia
List of designs
Silver quarters
Draped Bust 1796–1807
Draped Bust, Small Eagle 1796
Draped Bust, Heraldic Eagle 1804–1807
Capped Bust 1815–1838
Capped Bust (Large Size), With Motto 1815–1828
Capped Bust (Small Size), No Motto 1831–1838
Seated Liberty 1838–1891
Seated Liberty, No Motto 1838–1865
Seated Liberty, With Motto 1866–1891
Barber 1892–1916
Standing Liberty 1916–1930
Standing Liberty (Type 1) 1916–1917
Standing Liberty (Type 2) 1917–1930
Washington Quarter 1931–1964, 1992–1998 (Proof Only)
Washington Bicentennial 1975–1976 (all were dated 1776–1976) (40% Silver-clad Proof, not intended for circulation)
Washington statehood 1999–2008 (Proof Only)
Washington District of Columbia and U.S. territories 2009 (Proof Only)
Copper-nickel quarters
Washington Quarter 1965–1974, 1977–1998
Washington Bicentennial 1975–1976 (all were dated 1776–1976).
Washington statehood 1999–2008
Washington District of Columbia and U.S. territories 2009
Washington America the Beautiful Quarters 2010–2021

References
References

Other websites 

Official specifications 
http://www.usmint.gov/faqs/circulating_coins/index.cfm?action=faq_circulating_coin
http://www.acoin.com/regularissue/regular25c.htm 
US Quarters by year and type. Histories, photos, and more.

1796 establishments in the United States
American coins
Ichthyophis beddomei is a species of caecilians. They are sometimes called Beddome's caecilian. They are part of the family Inchthyophiidae. They have a dark violet-brown body. They have yellow stripes from their head to their tail. Their upper lip and lower jaw are yellow. They live in Western Ghats.

References

Caecilians
For another frog called the red-eyed treefrog, see Litoria chloris

Agalychnis callidryas, known as the red-eyed treefrog is a species of tree frogs.

Red-eyed tree frogs spend most of their time on large tropical leaves. They are not poisonous, and rely on camouflage to protect themselves. During the day, they stay still, cover their blue sides with their back legs, tuck their bright feet under their stomachs, and shut their red eyes. So they look almost completely green, and are well hidden amongst the leaves. The large red eyes are a defensive adaptation called deimatic behaviour. When a red-eyed tree frog detects a predator, it abruptly opens its eyes and stares at the predator. The sudden appearance of the red eyes may startle the predator, giving the frog a chance to flee.

They are active at night. They like to eat small insects.
During mating, the female carries the male on her back for several hours during the process. The female chooses a leaf above a pond or large puddle on which to lay her clutch of eggs. The male puts out his sperm onto the eggs as they are released.

Tree frogs lay jelly-like eggs. The mothers will stay near them and help them fight any hungry animals that want to eat them. They become a tadpole in one or two weeks. They drop from the leaf and into the lake which is below the leaf.

If predators are close enough to produce vibration, the embryos sense this. After a few seconds, they vigorously hatch out into tadpoles and spread out to escape.

References

Other websites 
 Red-eyed tree frog facts

Frogs of North America
Least concern species
Mimicry
Pets
The Common frog (Rana temporaria) is a species of frog. They are also known as the European Common Frog or the European Common Brown Frog. They live in Europe, the Arctic Circle, Scandinavia, Urals, Iberia, Italy, Balkans and Ireland. They are an introduced species in most countries.

References

Other websites 

Amphibians of Europe

Frogs of Europe
Quantum theory may mean:

Quantum mechanics, a branch of physics explaining the physical behaviours at the molecular, atomic and sub-atomic levels
Quantum field theory, a general type of quantum theory, which includes:
 Quantum electrodynamics
 Quantum chromodynamics
 Electroweak interaction
 Quantum gravity, a general term for theories intended to quantize general relativity

Related pages 
Planck constant
Stefan–Boltzmann law
The bronzed frog or Günther's golden-backed frog (Hylarana temporalis) is a species of frog. They are found in forests of Western Ghats, India and Sri Lanka. They are an important prey for many snakes include the Malabar Pit Viper and the Vine Snake.

References

Other websites 
IUCN Red List  page on H. temporalis.
Breeding call audio from YouTube [Contributed by Western Ghat Regional Centre, Calicut]

Frogs of Asia
The Jefferson salamander (Ambystoma jeffersonianum) is a mole salamander. They live in northeastern United States, southern Ontario and southwestern Quebec. It was named after Jefferson College in Pennsylvania.

It is usually dark gray, brown or black. Others can have silver or blue spots on their sides. These salamanders are very skinny with a wide nose and long toes. They can reach up to 11 to 18 cm.

Like other mole salamanders, the Jefferson salamander burrows. They have lungs that helps them to dig. They are only active at night. They are only active in the day when its mating season. They will breed in early spring after snow has melted in their area.

References

Other websites 
 Environment Canada - Species at Risk: Jefferson Salamander 
 Amphibians of Canada: Jefferson salamander 
 US Geological Survey - Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Jefferson Salamander
 Ohio History Central: Jefferson Salamander
 Jefferson Salamander species account and conservation status
Salamanders
Animals of North America
The California giant salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus) is a species of salamanders. They are part of the family Dicamptodontidae. They live in California and western United States. They are related to the Idaho giant salamander, Pacific giant salamander and the Coastal giant salamander.

Other websites

Salamanders
Animals of North America
, also known as Tatsuya Itou, is a Japanese actor.

Early life  
He was born in Beijing, China and grew up in Yokohama, Kanagawa. When he was a student of Nihon University College of Art, he was spotted and recruited as a fresh actor by Nikkatsu.

Career
Fuji made his debut on films from Nikkatsu(Japanese film distributing agency) in 1962. His first movie is "Bokyo-no-Umi". He is the first actor who trains his body for acting in Japan. Early in his career, he was often assigned the role of a villain, but ever since then, he has acted various kind of role. In the Nagisa Oshima's film "In the Realm of the Senses", he acted in a passionate and violent love scene, and the movie caused a lot of fuss. 

Selected movies
In the Realm of the Senses (1976)KESHIN (1986)
Akarui mirai (2003)Umizaru (2004)
Rikidosan (2004)Midnight Eagle (2007)
Kansen Retto (2008)Soup Opera (2010)

References 

Japanese movie actors
Japanese voice actors
1941 births
Living people
Actors from Beijing
Bolitoglossa is a genus of salamanders. They are also called tropical climbing salamanders and web-footed salamanders. They are part of the Plethodontidae family. They live in Central America and South America. They are terrestrial amphibians.

Species
117 species are currently assigned to this genus.

Other websites 
 . 2008. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.2 (15 July, 2008). Bolitoglossa. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: July 29, 2008). 
  [web application]. 2008. Berkeley, California: Bolitoglossa. AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: July 29, 2008). 
 Tree of Life: Bolitoglossa 

Salamanders
Green toad  (Anaxyrus debilis) is a species of toads. They live in southwestern United States in states like Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas and Texas. They can also be found in northern Mexico in states like Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Durango and Zacatecas.

Green toads are green or yellow with black spots. They are not a large toad. They grow up to 2 inches. They are only active at night. They will breed in spring, summer and autumn. Males will call a female to lay her eggs in his territory.

Subspecies 
Eastern green toad, Bufo debilis debilis—Smith, 1950
Western green toad, Bufo debilis insidior—Smith, 1950

Other websites 
  (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58: 2517–2535.
  Database entry includes a range map and a brief justification of why this species is of least concern
Amphibian Species of the World: Bufo debilis

Toads
Frogs of North America
The Smooth Newt is a species of newts. They are also known as the Common Newt. It is the most common newt species of the Lissotriton genus of amphibians. They live in Europe, southern France and the Iberian peninsula.

References

Other websites

 

Newts
Animals of Europe
The Midwife toad (Alytes) is a genus of frogs. They part of the Discoglossidae family. They live in most of Europe and northwestern Africa. They look like toads because of their hard skin. They get their name because they take care of their young on their backs. They help them from not being eaten from hungry animals. When they hatch the frog will go back to the water and allow them to swim away.

Species

Books 
 Carl Vogt: Untersuchungen über die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Geburtshelferkröte. (Alytes obstetricians), Solothurn: Jent und Gassman, (1842), pp 130
 Arthur Koestler, The Case of the Midwife Toad, London:  Hutchinson, 1971.

Frogs of Africa
Frogs of Europe
Van Dyke's salamander (Plethodon vandykei) is a species of salamanders. They are part of the family Plethodontidae. These salamanders have been used in research studies.

Subspecies 
Washington Salamander, Plethodon vandykei vandykei
Coeur D'Alene Salamander, Plethodon vandykei idahoensis

References

Other websites 
 Pictures 
Distribution Map

Salamanders
Potamogeton is a genus of aquatic plants. They live in freshwater such as ponds and lakes. They part of the family Potamogentonaceae. Their common name is pondweed. The genus name means "river neighbor". They are also a food source for many fish and algae eaters.

Alismatales
Aquatic plants
Filter feeders are animals that feed on matter and food particles from water. Some animals that do this are clams, krill, sponges, baleen whales and many fish such as sharks. Some birds such as flamingos are also filter feeders. Filter feeders can help clear water.

Books
 
 Some aspects of water filtering activity of filter-feeders // Hydrobiologia. 2005. Vol. 542, No. 1. P. 275 – 286

Other websites
Filter feeder of krill 

Animals by eating behaviors
Ceratophrys is a genus of frogs. They are part of the family Leptodactylidae. They are also part of the subfamily Ceratophryinae. They are also known as South American horned frogs as well as Pacman frogs. This is because they look like the video game character Pac-Man.

Images 

Frogs of South America
The RAAF Woomera Test Range is a weapons testing facility in South Australia. It is run by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). It covers and area of , and is the world's largest weapons test facility on land. The range is a restricted area, called the Woomera Prohibited Area. The airspace above it is also restricted, and is called the Woomera Restricted Airspace.

The range was originally set up as a place for the British to test missiles during World War II. The British asked to do weapons testing here (in the centre of Australia), because not many people lived there. A Commonwealth weapons design and test project, called the Australian-Anglo Joint Project, was signed in 1946. The range originally had an area of .
Between 1955 and 1963, the British ran a series of seven nuclear-weapon tests at Maralinga, then inside the range. The Joint Project ran until 1980, when the British withdrew from the program. The range is still used as a testing site by the Australian Defence Force. Access is leased to foreign militaries and private companies for their own testing of weapons.

It is named after the Dharuk word for a spear-thrower.

References

Other websites
Official website 

Military of Australia
South Australia
Balgo is a small community in Western Australia. It is surrounded by the Great Sandy Desert and the Tanami Desert. It is an Aboriginal community; the area is traditionally Kukatja country. There are also some Pintupi families living there, who were displaced in the 1950s and 1960s. Many of them came to live here from Papunya, including some of the original artists of the Papunya Tula movement. Many of them later left Balgo when Kintore and Kiwirrkurra were set up in the 1980s. In 2006, Balgo had about 460 people living there.

Other websites

 Warlayirti Artists and Cultural Centre
 Luurnpa School Website
 Balgo Adult Education Centre Website 
 Kutjungka Parish Website 

Towns in Western Australia
Indigenous Australian communities
Komatsu is a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.
It is in the southern part of the prefecture, near the Sea of Japan.

Cities in Ishikawa Prefecture
Charles Nelson Perkins, AO, (16 June 1936 – 19 October 2000) was an Australian activist and Aboriginal leader. He was also a professional football player.

Perkins grew up in Alice Springs. His mother was Arrernte, and his father was Kalkadoon. He later moved to Sydney, and graduated from the University of Sydney in 1965. He was the first indigenous Australian to graduate from a university.

Perkins campaigned for Aboriginal land rights. In 1965, he was an important person in the Freedom Ride campaign, which aimed to raise public awareness of the standards of living, literacy and health conditions among the Aboriginal population. The group was famous for publicising acts of discrimination.
Perkins was also important in the campaign for the referendum in 1967, which allowed Aboriginal people to be counted in censuses, and parliament to make special laws specifically for Aboriginal people. From 1969, Perkins worked as a public servant in the Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs. He was made permanent secretary of this department in 1981, which made him the first Aboriginal to become the permanent head of a federal government department. He served as secretary until 1988.

Perkins died in October 2000 of kidney failure.

References

Further reading

Other websites

1936 births
2000 deaths
Indigenous Australian politics
Indigenous Australian activists
Australian men's soccer players
Order of Australia
Australian politicians
Arrernte
University of Sydney alumni
People from Alice Springs
Indigenous Australian sportspeople
Kottabos Player is an Attic red-figure terracotta kylix said to have been painted by someone close to the Kleophrades Painter. It dates to the Greek Archaic period, about 500 BC. The kylix's height with handles is 3 3/16 in. (8.1 cm) and its width with handles is 10 1/16 in. (25.5 cm). 

The diameter of the bowl is 7 5/8 in. (19.3 cm).  The kylix is in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. The figure is a symposiast playing a party game called kottabos. He is about to fling the last of the wine in his cup at a lamp stand in an attempt to knock the lamp stand's finial off. The winner was he who did so.

References 
 

Ancient Greek pottery
Ancient Greek paintings
6th-century BC works
The Kleophrades Painter was a red-figure Athenian vase painter. His real name is unknown. His name is taken from a potter's signature on a vase. He was active from about 510470 BC. His work is considered some of the finest of the red figure style. He was probably the pupil of Euthymides, one of the red-figure Pioneers. His work is identified by its stylistic traits. He was very productive. More than 100 vases of his work have survived. He worked in both black- and red- figure styles and techniques. He was conservative, often using old-fashioned techniques. His subjects were traditional but with a emphasis on the Trojan War. He preferred painting large vessels such as amphores.

Related pages 
 Kottabos (Kleophrades Painter)

References

Other websites 
 

Ancient Greek painters
Holding was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the seat of Richmond in 1962. He was a strong supporter of indigenous Australian rights (including land rights) and national aid for schools. In 1977, he was elected to the House of Representatives as member for Melbourne Ports. When Bob Hawke became Prime Minister in 1983, he put Holding in charge of Aboriginal Affairs. During his term, Holding tried to make federal laws for Aboriginal land rights. But Brian Burke, the Labor Premier of Western Australia, did not want this, because it would have upset the mining and agricultural industries, which were very important to his state. Holding was forced by Hawke to drop the proposal. In 1987, he was moved to the Ministry of Employment Services and Youth Affairs. The next year, he was made Minister for Transport, and then later Minister for Immigration.

References

1931 births
2011 deaths
Politicians from Melbourne
Australian Labor Party politicians
Government ministers of Australia
Kottabos () was a party game played at symposia in Ancient Greece. It was popular in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. It was also popular with the Etruscans. The game is played by flinging a bit of wine from one's cup at targets. The player would utter the name of his lover. The game was probably of Sicilian origin but spread throughout the Greek world. Many Greek poets mention the game in their works. By the time of the Roman Empire and the Age of Alexander the Great, the game had died out. It is not mentioned in Latin literature.

References 

Ancient Greek culture
Games
Charlie McMahon (born in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales in 1951) is an Australian didgeridoo player. He was one of the first non-Aboriginal musicians to become a famous player of the instrument. He is probably one of the most famous players of the instrument around the world.

The band in which he became famous was called Gondwanaland. He has toured across Australia, often visiting remote communities in the outback, and also in Europe and the United States. He often played gigs with Midnight Oil. McMahon's style became an influence for many well-known didgeridoo players. He is also the inventor of the "didjeribone", a sliding didgeridoo made of plastic, played in a similar way to the trombone.

References

Other websites
Official site

1951 births
Living people
Musicians from New South Wales
Didgeridoo players
A symposium (plural: symposia) was a drinking party in Ancient Greece. Guests were males. Well bred women did not attend. Boys or slave girls served the food and drink, danced, juggled, played music, or otherwise entertained the assembly. These servers were usually nude. The symposium was an aristocratic institution often held to celebrate a young man's entry into adult society, an athletic victory, or a poetic achievement. It was an occasion for male conversation and debate. Party-goers reclined on couches and pillows. Guests played a game called kottabos, wrestled, and held song contests. A symposium is described in Plato's The Symposium. The party is attended by Socrates and the young, drunken, and nearly nude Alcibiades.

Ancient Greek culture
Social events
Foster Brooks (May 11, 1912 – December 20, 2001) was an American movie, television, radio, stage actor, singer, entertainer, television personality and comedian. He was known for playing a lovable drunken man in nightclubs and television shows. Brooks is also known for appearing in The Dean Martin celebrity roasts. 

Brooks was born in Louisville, Kentucky. Brooks was married twice. First to Loretta Brooks from 1933 until they divorced in 1950. And to Teri Brooks from 1950 until his death in 2001. Brooks died on December 20, 2001 from heart failure in his Encino, Los Angeles, California home, aged 89.

References

Other websites

1912 births
2001 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
Comedians from Kentucky
American television personalities
American radio personalities
Actors from Louisville, Kentucky
Singers from Kentucky
Robert Montgomery "Bob" Knight (born October 25 1940) is a retired American basketball sports coach. He won over 900 NCAA Division I men's college basketball games. Knight is well known as the head coach of the Indiana Hoosiers from 1971–2000. He also coached for the Texas Tech from 2001–2008.

Knight was born in Massillon, Ohio. He studied at Ohio State University.

He has been praised for having a clean program. None of his teams was ever sanctioned by the NCAA for any recruitment violations. He has, however, attracted some controversy for throwing a chair across the courts during a game. He was once arrested for assault. He was fired from Indiana in mid September 2000.

In April 2015, it was announced that ESPN would not sign Knight's contract for another season.

References

Other websites

Sportspeople from Ohio
College basketball coaches
1940 births
Living people
American basketball players
People from Massillon, Ohio
James Michael Tyler (May 28, 1961– October 24, 2021) was an American actor. He was best known for playing Gunther in the sitcom series Friends. Tyler was born in Greenwood, Mississippi and was raised in Winona, Mississippi.

Personal life
In June 2021, Tyler said he was diagnosed with stage-4 prostate cancer back in 2018. He died from the disease at his Los Angeles, California home on October 24, 2021 at the age of 59.

Filmography
 The Disturbance at Dinner (1998)
 Foreign Correspondents (1999)
 Motel Blue (1999)
 Live With It (2008)
 Jason's Big Problem (2010)

Television
 Friends (1994 – 2004)
 Just Shoot Me! (2000)
 Sabrina, the Teenage Witch (2001)
 Scrubs (2005)
 Iron Chef America 
 ICarly (2011) 
 Episodes

Music videos
 Come Tomorrow

References

Other websites
 

1962 births
2021 deaths
Actors from Mississippi
People from Winona, Mississippi
American movie actors
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Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from prostate cancer
Choi Chang-ik (hangul:최창익, hanja:崔昌益, 1896-1957), also known as Choe Chang Ik, was a North Korean soldier and politician.

Career
In the early North Korean government, Choi was Deputy Prime Minister from 1952 to 1956.

In a 1956-1957 purge, he was removed from government by forces led by Kim Il-sung.  He was expelled from the Korean Workers' Party.

Related pages 
 Kim Du-bong
 Kim Won-bong

References

Other websites 
 최창익 [崔昌益, 1896~1956] at Naver Encyclopedia 

1896 births
1957 deaths
North Korean politicians
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