Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The following is a list of the 514 communes of the Seine-et-Marne département, in France.

(CAMX) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Meaux, created in 2003.
(CAM) Communauté d'agglomération Melun Val de Seine, created in 2002.
(SANVM) Syndicat d'agglomération nouvelle du Val Maubuée, created in 1984.
(SANVE) Syndicat d'agglomération nouvelle du Val d'Europe, created in 1984.
(SANS) Syndicat d'agglomération nouvelle de Sénart Ville Nouvelle, created in 1984.

Seine-et-Marne
Onecote is a village and civil parish in Staffordshire Moorlands, Staffordshire, England. In 2001 there were 224 people living in Onecote.

References 

Civil parishes in Staffordshire
Villages in Staffordshire
The following is a list of the 353 communes of the Ille-et-Vilaine département, in France.

 (CAR) Agglomeration community of the Rennes Métropole, created in 2000.
 (CAS) Agglomeration community of Pays de Saint-Malo, created in 2001.
 (CAV) Agglomeration community of the Vitré community, created in 2002.

Ille-et-Vilaine
The following is a list of the 283 communes of the Finistère département, in France.

 (CUB) Communauté urbaine de Brest, created in 1973.
 (CAQ) Communauté d'agglomération Quimper Communauté, created in 2000.
 (CAM) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Morlaix, created in 2000.

Finistere
The following is a list of the 730 communes of the Moselle département, in France.

(CAF) Communauté d'agglomération de Forbach, created in 2003.
(CAM) Communauté d'agglomération de Metz Métropole, created in 2002.
(CAS) Communauté d'agglomération de Sarreguemines Confluences, created in 2002, also partly in the Bas-Rhin département.
(CAT) Communauté d'agglomération Portes de France-Thionville, créée en 2004.
(CAH) Communauté d'agglomération du Val de Fensch, created in 2000.

Moselle
The following is a list of the 505 communes of the Orne département, in France.

Legend for tables:
 (CUA) Communauté urbaine of Alençon, created in 1996, also partly in the Sarthe département.
 (CAF) Communauté d'agglomération of Pays de Flers, created in 2000.

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Orne
The following is a list of the 153 communes of the Var département, in France.

(CAT) Agglomeration community of Toulon Provence Mediterranean, created in 2002.
(CAF) Agglomeration community of Fréjus-Saint-Raphaël, created in 2000.
(CAD) Agglomeration community of Dracénoise, created in 2001.
(CAG) Agglomeration community of Garlaban Huveaune Sainte-Baume, created in 2000, most of which is located in the Bouches-du-Rhône département.
(CCC) Commune community of Cœur du Var - Plaine des Maures, created in 2002. 

Var
The following is a list of the 262 communes of the French department of Yvelines.

(CAMY) Communauté d'agglomération de Mantes-en-Yvelines, created in 2000
(CAS) Communauté d'agglomération de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, created in 2004

Yvelines
The following is a list of the 404 communes of the Charente département in France.

 (CAA) Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Angoulême, created in 2000.

Charente
Apple TV is a digital streaming device made by Apple Inc. Apple is a company that makes the iPhone, iPod, and iPad. There are 4 generations of the Apple TV. It can be used to stream content (for example, music, movies, TV shows, pictures etc.) from other Apple devices or iCloud to a TV.

History
Apple TV was first announced on September 12, 2006 under the name "iTV", however the name was changed before the final release because a UK television company named ITV threatened to sue Apple if they used the name. Sales of Apple TV started on March 21, 2007.

On January 15, 2008, Apple announced they would release a free update to the Apple TV, allowing people to download media from the iTunes Store without having to connect their Apple TV to their computer.

Apple announced a new, smaller version of the Apple TV on September 1, 2010, followed by an almost identical, but faster Apple TV on March 7, 2012.
On September 9, 2015, at WWDC, Apple announced the 4th generation Apple TV. It features a new Siri remote, and an App Store, as part of TVOS 9.0.

References

Apple hardware
2007 establishments in the United States
IOS
Television technology
Angoulême () is a commune in southwestern France in the Charente department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, of which it is its prefecture.

It was the capital of the old province of Angoumoi

Geography
The city of Angoulême is in the centre of the Charente department, on a plateau overlooking a meander of the Charente river.

It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The city of Angoulême is surrounded by the communes:

Climate
The climate of Angoulême, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Angoumoisins (women: Angoumoisines).

With a population of 41,955, Angoulême has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Angoulême
Angoulême forms, together with other 17 communes, the urban area of Angoulême with a population of 108,624 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Angoulême, formed by 106 communes, with a population of 180,820 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .

Administration 
Angoulême is the prefecture of the Charente department, the capital of the arrondissement of Angoulême and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
 Angoulême-1 formed by the commune Fléac and part of Angoulême, with 18,498 inhabitants (2014).
 Angoulême-2 formed by the commune L'Isle-d'Espagnac and part of Angoulême, with 18,990 inhabitants (2014).
 Angoulême-3 formed by the commune Soyaux and part of Angoulême, with 22,883 inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Grand Angoulême ().

Twinned and partner towns 
Angoulême is twinned with:
Bury, United Kingdom since 1959.
  Hildesheim, Germany since 1965.
  Vitoria Gasteiz, Spain since 1967.
  Chicoutimi (Saguenay, Quebec), Canada since 1969.

  Gelendzhik, Russia since 1977.
  Ségou, Mali since 1985.
  Turda, Romania since 1994.
  Hoffman Estates, United States since 1996.

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Angoulême
 Communes of the Charente department

References

Other websites

 Mairie de Angoulême official website  
 Grand Angoulême
The following is a list of the 602 communes of the Manche département, in France.

(CUC) Communauté urbaine de Cherbourg, created in 1970.

Manche
The following is a list of the 369 communes of the Drôme département in France.

Drome
The following is a list of the 277 communes of the Indre-et-Loire département, in France.

 (CAT) Communauté d'agglomération Tours Plus, created in 2000.

Indre-et-Loire
The following is a list of the 533 different communes of the Isère département, in France.

 (CUB) Agglomeration community of Grenoble Alpes Métropole, created in 2000.
 (CAVI) Agglomeration community of Pays Viennois, created in 2002, also partly in the Rhône département.
 (CAVO) Agglomeration community of Pays Voironnais, created in 2000.
 (SANI) New agglomeration syndicate of Isle-d'Abeau, created in 1984.

Isere
Blinman is a small town in the northern Flinders Ranges of South Australia. It is 485 km north of the state capital, Adelaide. About 151 people live in the Blinman area. The town is also known as the highest town in South Australia. It has a hotel, cafe, general store and a post office.

In December 1859, a shepherd called Robert Blinman, from the nearby Angorichina station (farm) found copper. He was nickmaned "Peg Leg" because he had a wooden leg. With a group of friends he started the Wheal Blinman, a copper mine in 1861. The town grew quickly and by 1869 there were about 1,500 people living there. Many miners were Cornish men, who had been mining for copper at Burra, South Australia. The mine, later called the Blinman Consolidated Copper Mining Company of South Australia, soon became the biggest and most productive mine in the Flinders Ranges. About 10,000 tonnes of copper were taken from the mine which finally closed in 1918.
William Kekwick (died 1872), who explored South Australia and the Northern Territory with John McDouall Stuart, is buried in the Blinman cemetery.

The Blinman Copper Mine is now a tourist attraction, and visitors can explore the underground mine.

References

Towns in South Australia
1861 establishments in Australia
The following is a list of the 327 communes of the Loire département, in France.

 (CAF) Communauté d'agglomération du Forez Sud, created in 2004.
 (CAR) Communauté d'agglomération le Grand Roanne, created in 2000.
 (CAS) Communauté d'agglomération de Saint-Étienne Métropole, created in 2001.

Loire
Villars is a small village in France near Saint-Priest-en-Jarez.

Other websites 
 

Communes in Loire
Lorette is a town in France.

It is the birthplace of 4-time Formula One champion Alain Prost.

Communes in Loire
Paulo Freire (September 19, 1921 - May 2, 1997) was an educator born in Brazil. He developed new ideas about education for the oppressed - people who have been trodden down.

Quotes

Paulo Freire wrote about the philosophy of education that came not only from old school such as Plato, but also from modern Marxist and anti-colonialist thinkers. In fact, in many ways his Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1970) may be best read as an extension of, or reply to, Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth (1961), which emphasized the need to provide native populations with an education which was simultaneously new and modern (rather than traditional) and anti-colonial (not simply an extension of the culture of the colonizer).
In Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1970), Freire, talks about the oppressors-oppressed distinction,seeing differences between the two positions in an unjust society: the oppressor and the oppressed. Freire makes no direct reference to his most direct influence for the distinction, which stems back to a least Hegel in 1802, and has since been reprised by many authors including Engels, Marx, Lenin, Gramsci, Simone Weil and others.
Freire advocates that education allows the oppressed to regain their humanity and overcome their condition; however, he acknowledges that in order for this to take effect, the oppressed have to play a role in their own liberation. As he states:
No pedagogy which is truly liberating can remain distant from the oppressed by treating them as unfortunates and by presenting for their emulation models from among the oppressors. The oppressed must be their own example in the struggle for their redemption (Freire, 1970, p. 54).
Likewise, the oppressors must also be willing to rethink their way of life and to examine their own role in the oppression if true liberation is to occur; "those who authentically commit themselves to the people must re-examine themselves constantly" (Freire, 1970, p. 60).

The ideas of Paulo Freire
Freire believed education to be a political act that could not be divorced from pedagogy.  Freire defined this as a main tenet of critical pedagogy.  Teachers and students must be made aware of the "politics" that surround education.  The way students are taught and what they are taught serves a political agenda.  Teachers, themselves, have political notions they bring into the classroom (Kincheloe, 2008).

Freire believed that "education makes sense because women and men learn that through learning they can make and remake themselves, because women and men are able to take responsibility for themselves as beings capable of knowing — of knowing that they know and knowing that they don't" (Freire, 2004, p. 15)

Pedagogy: How teachers teach
In terms of actual pedagogy, Freire is best known for his attack on what he called the "banking" concept of education, in which the student was viewed as an empty account to be filled by the teacher. He notes that "it transforms students into receiving objects. It attempts to control thinking and action, leads men and women to adjust to the world, and inhibits their creative power" (Freire, 1970, p. 77). The basic critique was not new — Rousseau’s conception of the child as an active learner was already a step away from tabula rasa (which is basically the same as the “banking concept”). In addition, thinkers like John Dewey were strongly critical of the transmission of mere facts as the goal of education
. Dewey often described education as a mechanism for social change, explaining that “education is a regulation of the process of coming to share in the social consciousness; and that the adjustment of individual activity on the basis of this social consciousness is the only sure method of social reconstruction” (1897, p. 16). Freire’s work, however, updated the concept and placed it in context with current theories and practices of education, laying the foundation for what is now called critical pedagogy.
References

1921 births
1997 deaths
Brazilian academics
The following is a list of the 594 communes of the Doubs département in France.

(CAB) Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Besançon, created in 2001.
(CAM) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Montbéliard, created in 2000.

Doubs
The fiscal year is a year long time period used to figure out an organization's budget. It is not always the same as the calendar year. It is also a North American term for financial year.

Taxation
Units of time
"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?", also sung as "Buddy, Can You Spare a Dime?", is one of the best-known American songs of the Great Depression. Written in 1931 by lyricist E. Y. "Yip" Harburg and composer Jay Gorney, "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" was part of the 1932 musical New Americana; the melody is based on a Russian lullaby Gorney heard as a child. It became best known, however, through recordings by Bing Crosby and Rudy Vallee. Both versions were released right before Franklin Delano Roosevelt's election to the presidency and both became number one hits on the charts. The Brunswick Crosby recording became the best-selling record of its period, and came to be viewed as an anthem of the shattered dreams of the era.
Summary
The song asks why the men who built the nation – built the railroads, built the skyscrapers – who fought in the war (World War I), who tilled the earth, who did what their nation asked of them should, now that the work is done and their labor no longer necessary, find themselves abandoned, in bread lines.
Musical structure
The song has unusual structure for a Broadway song. Firstly, rather than starting in a major key, as most Broadway songs do, it begins in a minor key, which is darker, and more appropriate for the Depression. When discussing the prosperous past and building the railroads, the song jumps an octave and moves briefly into a major key, evoking energy and optimism. It then reverts to a minor key in the word "time" in the line "Once I built a railroad, made it run / Made it race against time," marking the end of prosperous times, and changing to a wistful mood. The song then ends, not on a note of resignation, but with anger – repeating the beginning (as is usual for Broadway songs), an octave higher, but with a significant change: the friendly "Brother, can you spare a dime?" is replaced with the aggressive "Buddy, can you spare a dime?"

Update
During the bad times in the 1970s, the New York Times asked Harburg to update "Brother" for a new age, and he responded with:
Other recordings
 Al Jolson live performance recorded in the early 30's.
 Peter, Paul and Mary recorded a version in 1965, for their album See What Tomorrow Brings.
 Barbra Streisand recorded a version in 1966, for her album My Name is Barbra, Two....
 Spanky And Our Gang recorded a version in 1967, on their "Spanky and Our Gang" album.
 Tom Jones recorded a version in 1970, for his album I Who Have Nothing.
 Judy Collins recorded a version in 1975, for her album Judith.
 Peter Yarrow (from Peter Paul and Mary)  recorded alone in 1975 for his album Hard times.
 Tom Waits recorded a version in 1976, for his album Spare Parts.
 Tiny Tim recorded a version in 1979, for his album Chameleon
 The Dave Brubeck Quartet recorded a version in 1980, for the album Tritonis
 Eugene Chadbourne recorded a seven minutes long version in 1996, for his album Jesse Helms Busted With Pornography.
 George Michael recorded a version in 1999, for his 1999 album Songs from the Last Century.

Gallery

References
References

Other websites 
 Songs of the Great Depression  – lyrics, prepared by Professor Catherine Lavender for courses in The Department of History, The College of Staten Island of The City University of New York.
 Explanation of lyrics

1930s songs
Bing Crosby songs
George Michael songs
Tom Jones (singer) songs
Tom Waits songs
Barbra Streisand songs
1932 works
SC Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz is an Austrian football club from Vorarlbergs capital Bregenz.

History
The club was founded in 1919 under the name FC Bregenz. The club colours were black and white. Till 1927 they only played friendly matches versus teams from Germany and Switzerland. In 1927 they played for the first time in Vorarlbergs league. Already 1928 they became Vorarlbergs champion. 1938, after the occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany they formed with other teams from the region the Bezirksklasse Bodensee-Vorarlberg. Due to the Second World War the league was dissolved in 1942.
After the War FC Bregenz was refounded under the name SC Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz. They reached the highest level of Austrian football, the Staatsliga,for the first time in 1954 but was relegated the same season. Till 1999 the club played under different names in the second level of Austrians league. 1999 they were promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga, where they played till the 2004/05 season. At this time they were relegated to the Erste Liga, the second level. Due to financial problems they could not get the licence and the club declare bankruptcy. For the young players a new club was founded, SC Bregenz. Although it is legally a new club the supporters saw it as  replacement of the old club. Since 2007 this club plays in the Regionalliga West (3rd level). In the 2022-23 season they won the league and were promoted to the Second League..

Current squad
Current squad

Honours
12x Champion of Vorarlberg:1928 as FC Bregenz, 1947, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1964, 1966, 1970 as Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz
9x Champion of the second level of the league system:1951, 1952, 1954, 1956, 1957 (Arlbergliga), 1966, 1970, 1972 (Regionalliga West), 1999 (Erste Division)
2x Champion of the third level:1996 (Regionalliga West), 2023 (Regionalliga West)
1x Vorarlberg Cup(women):2005
Bundesliga: 5th in the 2003/04 season.

References

Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vorarlberg
The River Shannon is the longest river in Ireland. It runs mainly in a north/south direction, dividing Ireland geographically between east and west. It is thought to rise in Shannon Pot in County Cavan, and enters the sea in the Shannon Estuary at Limerick. The river represents a major physical barrier between east and west.

Rivers of Ireland
County Cavan
Rattlesden is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 811 people living in Rattlesden.

References 

Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Mid Suffolk
Little Strickland is a village and civil parish near the M6 motorway in Eden, Cumbria, England.

Other websites 
 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Crackenthorpe is a village and civil parish near the A66 road in Eden, Cumbria, England.

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Moulins is a commune in the Allier department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France.

It is the préfecture (capital) of the department and the historical capital of the old province of Bourbonnais (the Duchy of Bourbonnais).

History
Moulins experienced its golden age in the 15th century, when the Dukes of Bourbon lived in the city on the Allier river. The region of the northern Massif Central where is Moulins is called the Bourbonnais after the House of Bourbon.

Moulins became the capital of Allier on 4 March 1790 with the creation of the departments in France.

During the German occupation in the Second World War, the border between occupied France and the pro-German France (Vichy France) went through the midst of Moulins.

Geography
Moulins is along the Allier river, mainly on the right (eastern) side of the river. It has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The distances from Moulins to other cities are:
 Paris, the national capital - ;
 Lyon, the regional capital - ;
 Reims - ;
 Bordeaux - ;
 Toulouse - ;
 Montpellier - ;
 Strasbourg - ;
 Nantes - ;
 Marseille - .

Moulins is surrounded by the communes Avermes, Yzeure, Toulon-sur-Allier, Bressolles and Neuvy.

Climate
The climate of Moulins, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Moulins are known, in French, as Moulinois (women: Moulinoises).

With a population of 19,762, Moulins has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Moulins

Administration
Moulins is the prefecture of the Allier department since 1800. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Moulins and the administrative centre () of two cantons:
 Moulins-1, formed by 6 communes and part of Moulins, with 18,030 inhabitants (2014).
 Moulins-2, formed by 22 communes and part of Moulins, with 19,368 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Moulins Communauté ().

Sister cities 
Moulins is twinned with:
  Bad Vilbel, Germany
  Montepulciano, Italy

Places of interest
Some interesting places in Moulins are:
 The Moulins Cathedral Basilica (Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Annonciation de Moulins) is a Roman Catholic cathedral.
 The Anne de Beaujeu Museum is an art museum.
 The National Center of Costume and Scenography (Centre national du Costume de scène) is a museum dedicated to stage costumes and sets.

Gallery

People from or related to Moulins
 Coco Chanel, fashion designer, lived several years in Moulins.

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Allier department
 Communes of the Allier department

References

Other websites

 City council website 
 Local tourism website 
 Le Bourbonnais 

Cities in France
Communes in Allier
Departmental capitals in France
"The Edge of Glory" is a song by American pop singer Lady Gaga from her third album Born This Way. It was released as the third single from the album on May 9, 2011.

The song peaked at number 3 in the US and Canada, number 2 in Australia, and number 6 in the UK.  The RIAA certified the song triple-Platinum on February 29, 2016, for sales and shipments of 3 million copies in the United States alone.

Music video 
Gaga is shown on a fire escape of an apartment building in New York City.  Clarence Clemons, who played the saxophone for American singer Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, is seen playing the instrument throughout the video.  Shortly after appearing in the video, Clemons died from a stroke.

The video was supposed to show Gaga under the sea but was canceled due to creative disagreements.

References 

2011 songs
Lady Gaga songs
Disco songs
The following is a list of the 320 communes of the Allier département in France.

 (CAML) Communauté d'agglomération de Montluçon, created in 2001.
 (CAMO) Communauté d'agglomération de Moulins, created in 2001.
 (CAV)  Communauté d'agglomération de Vichy, created in 2001.

Allier
Cognac is a commune in southwestern France in the Charente department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, of which it is a subprefecture.

Geography
The city of Cognac is along the Charente river, mainly on its left side, between the cities of Angoulême, prefecture of the Charente department, and Saintes, a subprefecture in the Charente-Maritime department.

It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Cognac is at about  to the east of the Atlantic coast.

The city of Angoulême is surrounded by the communes:

Climate
The climate of Cognac is an oceanic climate with template summers, Cfb (Marine West Coast Climate) in the Köppen climate classification.

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Cognac is . The month with the most precipitation on average is November with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Cognac is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

Population
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as Cognaçais (women: Cognaçaises).

With a population of 18,717, Cognac has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Cognac

Administration 
Cognac is a subprefecture of the Charente department, the capital of the arrondissement of Cognac and the administrative centre () of two cantons:
 Cognac-1, with 16,721 inhabitants (2014).
 Cognac-2, with 17,693 inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Grand Cognac ().

Twinned and partner towns 
Cognac is twinned with:

 Königswinter, Germany
 Perth, Scotland, UK
 Denison, Texas, USA
 Valdepeñas, Spain
 Tovuz, Azerbaijan

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Cognac
 Communes of the Charente department

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Ville de Cognac official website 
 Grand Cognac 
 Charente Departmental Council website 
 Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine 

Subprefectures in France
Communes in Charente
Digne-les-Bains is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the south-east of France. It is also the capital of the department.

Twin towns
Digne is twinned with:
 Bad Mergentheim, Germany
 Borgomanero, Italy

Other websites

Communes in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Departmental capitals in France
The following is a list of the 198 communes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département in France.

Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Gap is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. It is the préfecture (capital), and main city, of the department.

Gap is the highest prefecture (departmental capital) of France; the city is in a valley whose bottom is at an altitude of about  above sea level.

Geography
Gap is in the south central part of the Hautes-Alpes department. The Luye, a tributary of the Durance river, flows through the city.

It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The distances from Gap to other cities are:
 Paris, the national capital - ;
 Marseille, the regional capital - ;
 Strasbourg - ;
 Reims - ;
 Bordeaux - ;
 Toulouse - ;
 Montpellier - ;
 Lyon - ;
 Nice - .
The commune of Gap is surrounded by 17 communes: Laye, Saint-Laurent-du-Cros, Forest-Saint-Julien, La Rochette, Rambaud, Jarjayes, Neffes, Châteauvieux, Lettret, Pelleautier, La Roche-des-Arnauds, La Freissinouse, La Fare-en-Champsaur, Poligny, Le Noyer, Le Dévoluy, Rabou

Climate
The climate of Gap, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Gap are known, in French, as Gapençais (women: Gapençaises).

With a population of 40,225, Gap has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Gap

Gap forms with La Rochette the urban area of Gap with a population of 40,700 inhabitants (2014) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Gap, formed by 39 communes, with a population of 62,567 inhabitants (2014) and an area of .
Administration
Gap is the prefecture of the Hautes-Alpes department, the capital of the arrondissement of Gap and the administrative centre () of four cantons:
 Gap-1 formed by a part of Gap, with 9,895 inhabitants (2014).
 Gap-2 formed by a part of Gap, with 10,743 inhabitants (2014).
 Gap-3 formed by a part of Gap, with 10,346 inhabitants (2014).
 Gap-4 formed by a part of Gap, with 9,241 inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Gap-Tallard-Durance ().

Twin towns 
Gap is twinned with:

 Pinerolo, Italy, since 1966;
 Traunstein, Germany, since 1976.

Gallery

References

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Hautes-Alpes department
 Communes of the Hautes-Alpes department

Other websites

 Ville de Gap - official website 

Communes in Hautes-Alpes
Departmental capitals in France
The following is a list of the 177 communes of the Hautes-Alpes département in France.

Hautes-Alpes
Anne Spielberg (born December 25, 1949) is an American screenwriter. She is the sister of movie director Steven Spielberg. 

She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1949. After working for her brother's production company, Amblin Entertainment, she co-wrote the movie Big in 1988. For this, she was nominated for an Academy Award for "Best Writing of an Original Screenplay". She was also a co-producer on the movie, along with noted television and movie producer James L. Brooks. She was also an uncredited cowriter of the movie Small Soldiers. Sue Spielberg and Nancy Katz are her sisters.

References

1949 births
Living people
American screenwriters
Writers from Philadelphia
Kate Capshaw (born Kathleen Sue Nail on November 3, 1953 in Fort Worth, Texas) is an American actress. She is the wife of movie director Steven Spielberg.

In 1956, Capshaw's desire to be an actress led her to New York. There she got a role on the soap The Edge of Night. 

Capshaw was married to her first husband, Robert Capshaw, from 1976 until their divorce in 1980. In 1982, she made her first movie role in A Little Sex. In 1984, she met future husband Spielberg when she beat out 120 actresses for the female lead in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. The two married on October 12, 1991. In 1993, Capshaw became a regular on the brief series Black Tie Affair.

References

Other websites

 

1953 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
actors from Fort Worth, Texas
Charleville-Mézières is a commune. It is the prefecture of the Ardennes department.

Sister cities
Charleville-Mézières is twinned with:
 Nevers, France
 Mantua, Italy
 Dülmen, Germany
 Euskirchen, Germany
 Nordhausen, Germany
  Iida, Japan
The following is a list of the 463 communes of the Ardennes département in France.

Ardennes
Soulby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 186 people living in Soulby.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Waitby is a village and civil parish in near Kirkby Stephen in Eden, Cumbria, England. Waitby has a castle.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Nateby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 110 people living in Nateby.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Nateby is a village and civil parish in Wyre, Lancashire, England. In 2001 there were 475 people living in Nateby.

References 

Civil parishes in England
Villages in Lancashire
Wyre
Hawes is a village and civil parish in Richmondshire, North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 there were 1,115 people living in Hawes.

References 

Civil parishes in North Yorkshire
Villages in North Yorkshire
Catterick is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England in the United Kingdom. In 2001 there were 2,743 people living in Catterick.

References 

Civil parishes in North Yorkshire
Villages in North Yorkshire
Staindrop is a village and civil parish in County Durham, England. In 2001 there were 1,241 people living in Staindrop.

References 

Settlements in County Durham
Villages in England
Civil parishes in County Durham
Sedgefield is a town in County Durham, England. In 2001 there were 4,534 people living in Sedgefield.

References 

Towns in County Durham
Eden is a local government district in Cumbria, England.  Its council is based in Penrith.  It is named after the River Eden which flows north through the district toward Carlisle.

It has an area of , making it the eighth largest district in England and the largest non-unitary district. It also has the lowest population density of any English district, with a mean of just 24 persons per square kilometre.

The district council was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, from the Penrith urban district, Alston with Garrigill Rural District and Penrith Rural District, all in Cumberland, and Appleby Municipal Borough, part of Lakes urban district and North Westmorland Rural District, all in Westmorland.

Within the district lies part of the Lake District National Park.
The West Coast Main Railway Line runs through the district but with only one station at Penrith. Services on this line are provided by Virgin Trains.  The Northern Rail Settle-Carlisle Railway also goes through the district and has stations at Armathwaite, Lazonby, Langwathby, Appleby and Kirkby Stephen.

Road transport links are provided by the M6 motorway, the A6 and the A66.

Sports and recreation

In Eden there are King George's Fields, in memorial to King George V, at Appleby-in-Westmorland and Patterdale.

The council is the owner of the Penrith Leisure Centre which is run by a private company under contract.  The council also owns a number of playing fields and recreation grounds throughout the district most notably the sports pitches at Frenchfield on the outskirts of Penrith.

Other website
District Council Website
Glusburn is a village and civil parish in Craven, North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 there were 3,902 people living in Glusburn.

References 

Civil parishes in North Yorkshire
Villages in North Yorkshire
Millom is a town and civil parish in Copeland, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 7,132 people living in Millom.

References

Other websites 
 http://www.visitcumbria.com/wc/millom.htm

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Towns in Cumbria
Copeland
Mansriggs is a village and civil parish in South Lakeland, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 42 people living in Mansriggs.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Mansergh is a village and civil parish in South Lakeland, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 141 people living in Mansergh.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Foix (; ) is a commune, the former capital of the County of Foix. Today it is the préfecture of the Ariège department in southwestern France in the Occitanie region.

It is to south of Toulouse, close to the border with Spain and Andorra. The city is only the second city of the department after Pamiers. Of all French préfectures, Foix is the one with fewest people living in it.

History

The Romans built a fort on the rocky hill where the Château de Foix castle now overlooks the town. The town of Foix probably owes its origin to an oratory founded by Charlemagne, which afterwards became the Abbey of Saint Volusianus in 849. The current area of the department was part of the old County of Foix.

Geography
The city of Foix lies in the foothills of the Pyrénées mountains, in southern France. It is on the confluence of the Ariège and Arget rivers. Foix is at  to the south of Toulouse.

The commune has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The commune of Foix is surrounded by the communes Arabaux, Cos, Crampagna, Ferrières-sur-Ariège, Ganac, Montgaillard, Pradières, Saint-Jean-de-Verges, Saint-Pierre-de-Rivière and Vernajoul.

Climate
The climate of Foix, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Foix are known, in French, as Fuxéens (women: Fuxéennes).

Foix has a population of 6,9,721 (2014), and population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Foix

Foix forms, with other 5 communes, the urban area of Foix with a population of 14,552 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Foix, formed by 17 communes with a population of 18,406 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .

Administration 
Foix is the prefecture of the Ariège department, the capital of the arrondissement of Foix and the administrative centre () of the canton of Foix (with 13,700 inhabitants in 2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Pays Foix-Varilhes ().

Twinned and partner towns 
Foix is twinned with:
  Lleida, Spain
  Andorra la Vella, Andorra

Sites of interest
 The main historic building is the Castle of the Counts of Foix or, simply, Castle of Foix; it is on the top of a rocky hill that overlooks the city.
 The old town, with narrow streets and houses of traditional architecture.
 Saint-Volusien Abbey
 The Villote (small town), in the Middle Ages, was a space outside the walls surrounding the city built in 1330.

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Foix
 Communes of the Ariège department

References

Other websites

 Site officiel de la ville de Foix 
 Office de Tourisme du Pays Foix-Varilhes 
 Foix in Histariège - Histoire et Patrimoine de l'Ariège  

Communes in Ariège
Departmental capitals in France
Pooley Bridge is a village on the northern end of Ullswater in Cumbria, England. It has a church called St Paul's Church.

References 

Villages in Cumbria
Milburn is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 171 people living in Milburn.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Langwathby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 748 people living in Langwathby.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Warcop is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 491 people living in Warcop.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Troyes is a commune of France.  It is the capital city of the Aube department in north-central France. It is on the Seine river about  southeast of Paris.  It was briefly the capital of France in the early 15th century.

The name troy weight for gold derives from the standard of measurement which developed in Troyes.

History
Troyes has existed since Roman times.  It was the capital of the Counts of Champagne.

The first Lord of Troyes was Gwain de Nantouillet in 884.

In 1417, the Duke of Burgandy and Isabeau of Bavaria, wife of Charles VI of France, planned to establish the capital of France at Troyes.  This included a court, council, and parliament with comptroller's offices.

In 1419-1425, during the Hundred Years' War, Troyes was the center of the royal government.
Timeline
 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned King of France by Pope John VIII
 884 – Gwain de Nantouillet is crowned Lord of Troyes by the king of France Charles the Fat
 1262 – Pope Urban IV begins construction of church in honor of St Urban.
 1285 – Philip the Fair confirms traditional privileges of the city
 1420 – Treaty of Troyes
 1429 – Joan of Arc and the Dauphin of France enter the city.
 1524 – Fire destroyed much of the medieval city

Related pages
 Capital of France
 Communes of the Aube department

References

Other websites

 http://www.ville-troyes.fr/premiere.htm 

 
Capital of France
Former national capitals
Glassonby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 314 people living in Glassonby.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Rodez () is a commune in southwestern France in the department of Aveyron, of which it is its prefecture. It is in the region of Occitanie.

It was the capital of Rouergue, a former French province. Rodez is also the capital of 3 cantons: Rodez-1, Rodez-2 and Rodez-Onet.

History
Existing from at least the 5th century BC, Rodez was founded by Celtic people, the Ruteni. Here they built an oppidum (fortified place) which, after the Roman occupation, was named Segodunum ("Fortified place", "high hill"). The town later was given the name of Civitas Rutenorum ("City of the Ruteni") and then only Ruteni and, finally, Rodez.

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the city was taken by the Visigoths and then by the Franks; in 725, the Moors took the city and destroyed the old church. Later it was occupied by the armies of the Dukes of Aquitaine and of the Counts of Toulouse. English troops occupied Rodez during the Hundred Years War.
With the creation of the Aveyron department in 1790, Rodez became préfecture of the department.

Geography
The commune of Rodez is on the western part of the central plateau (Massif Central) of France. The Aveyron river and the Auterne stream flow through the city.

Rodez has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

Rodez is surrounded by the communes Onet-le-Château, Sainte-Radegonde, Le Monastère and Olemps.

Climate
The climate of Rodez, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

Population
The inhabitants of Rodez are known, in French, as Ruthénois (women: Ruthénoises).

With a population of 24,088, Rodez has a population density of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Rodez
Rodez forms, together with 5 other communes, the urban area of Rodez with a population of 49,716 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Rodez, formed by 39 communes with a population of 85,181 inhabitants and an area of .

Administration 
Rodez is the prefecture of the Aveyron department, the capital of the arrondissement of Rodez and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
 Rodez-1, with 11,905 inhabitants (2014).
 Rodez-2, with 12,051 inhabitants (2014).
 Rodez-Onet, with 14,105 inhabitants (2014).

It is part of the intercommunality Rodez Agglomération ().

Sister cities 
Rodez is twinned with:
  Pigüé, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
  Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany
  Fderîck, Mauritania
Places of interest
Some interesting places in Rodez are:
 The Rodez Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic cathedral;  is the main religious building of the department.
 The Episcopal Palace (), built in the 15th century.
 The Saint-Amans Church, built in the 12th century and then completely rebuilt from 1758 to 1761 with materials from the original building.
 The Hôtel de la préfecture, built in the first half of the 18th century. It is now home to the prefecture of the Aveyron department.

Gallery

References

Related pages
 Arrondissements of the Aveyron department
 Communes of the Aveyron department

Other websites

 City Council website 
 Office de Tourisme - Rodez 
 Rodez Agglomération 

Communes in Aveyron
Departmental capitals in France
"Judas" is a song by American pop singer Lady Gaga from her second studio album, Born This Way. It was released as the second single from the album on April 15, 2011.

"Judas" is a house-tinged electropop and techno song about a woman falling in love with a man who betrayed her.

The song managed to reach the top ten in the US and Canada.  On February 29, 2016, the song was certified double-Platinum by the RIAA for sales and shipments of over 2 million copies in the United States alone.

Music video 
The music video for the song was controversial, like Gaga's video for "Alejandro", because it contained religious imagery.  Gaga is shown dressed as Mary Magdalene in the video and depicted riding on the back of a motorcycle that an actor portraying Jesus is driving.  The Catholic League condemned the video.

References 

2011 songs
Lady Gaga songs
Aurillac () is a French commune, the prefecture of the Cantal department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

Aurillac was part of the former province of Auvergne, in the region called Haute-Auvergne.

History
The name of the city comes from , meaning "Roman villa of Aurelius".

Geography
The city of Aurillac is at the foot of the Cantal mountains (Mounts of Cantal), in the Massif Central. The city is along the Jordanne river, a tributary of the Cère river.

It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

The city of Aurillac is at  to the southeast of Paris and at  to the south of Toulouse. The commune of Aurillac is surrounded by the communes Crandelles, Naucelles, Saint-Simon, Giou-de-Mamou, Arpajon-sur-Cère, Roannes-Saint-Mary, Sansac-de-Marmiesse and Ytrac.

Climate
Aurillac has an oceanic climate (subtype Cfb in the Köppen climate classification) with cold winters and hot summers due to its distance from the ocean.
The average temperature for the year in Aurillac is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Aurillac is . The month with the most precipitation on average is December with  of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is June with an average of .

Population
The inhabitants of Aurillac are known, in French, as Aurillacois (women: Aurillacoises).

The city of Aurillac has a population, in 2014, of 26,135; its population density is of  inhabitants/km2.

Evolution of the population in Aurillac

Administration 
Aurillac is the prefecture of the Cantal department, the capital of the arrondissement of Aurillac and the administrative centre () of three cantons: 
 Aurillac-1 : 2 communes with 10,296 inhabitants  (2014)
 Aurillac-2 : 1 commune with 9,591 inhabitants (2014)
 Aurillac-3 : 1 commune with 10,369 inhabitants (2014)
It is part of the intercommunality Bassin d'Aurillac ().

Sister cities 
Aurillac and Arpajon-sur-Cère are twinned with:
 Bocholt (Germany) since 1972.
 Bassetlaw (United Kingdom) since 1980.
 Bougouni (Mali) since 1985.
 Altea (Spain) since 1992.
 Vorona (Romania) since 2000.

Sites of interest
 Saint-Géraud d'Aurillac Abbey (11th century)
 Notre-Dame-aux-Neiges church (1332)
 Chateau of Saint-Etienne (9th century)
 Aurillac Town Hall (17th century)

Gallery

Related pages
 Arrondissement of Aurillac
 Communes of the Cantal department

References

Other websites

 Site officiel de la ville de Aurillac  
 Communauté d'Agglomération du Bassin d'Aurillac - CABA 
 Office de Tourisme du Pays d'Aurillac - CABA 

Communes in Cantal
Departmental capitals in France
(CAA)     Communauté d'agglomération du Bassin d'Aurillac
 (CCC)     Communauté de communes du Cézallier
 (CCCA)    Communauté de communes de Caldaguès-Aubrac
 (CCACGC)  Communauté de communes de l'agglomération de Cère et Goul en Carladès
 (CCCR)    Communauté de communes entre Cère et Rance
 (CCHC)    Communauté de communes de la Haute-Châtaigneraie
 (CCM)     Communauté de communes de Montsalvy
 (CCMT)    Communauté de communes Margeride-Truyère
 (CCP)     Communauté de communes de la Planèze
 (CCPG)    Communauté de communes du Pays de Gentiane
 (CCPMas)  Communauté de communes du Pays de Massiac
 (CCPMauc) Communauté de communes du Pays de Mauriac
 (CCPMaus) Communauté de communes du Pays de Maurs
 (CCPMu)   Communauté de communes du Pays de Murat
 (CCPP)    Communauté de communes du Pays de Pierrefort
 (CCPS)    Communauté de communes du Pays de Salers
 (CCPSF)   Communauté de communes du Pays de Saint-Flour
 (CCSA)    Communauté de communes Sumène Artense

Cantal
Brough is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 680 people living in Brough.

History
The village is on the site of the Roman fort of Verterae ("The Forts"), on the northern leg of the Roman-era Watling Street, linking Luguvalium (Carlisle) with Eboracum (York) and points south.

Other websites

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Stoke-by-Clare is a village and civil parish in St Edmundsbury, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 460 people living in Stoke-by-Clare.

References 

Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
St Edmundsbury
Brough Sowerby is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 127 people living in Brough Sowerby.

References 

Civil parishes in Cumbria
Villages in Cumbria
Eden
Kemsing is a village and civil parish in Kent, England. In 2001 there were 4,014 people living in Kemsing.

References 

Civil parishes in Kent
Villages in Kent
Crowland is a village and civil parish in South Holland, Lincolnshire, England. In 2001 there were 3,607 people living in Crowland.

References 

Civil parishes in Lincolnshire
Villages in Lincolnshire