Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Palmyra was an ancient Arabian city in central Syria. It is in an oasis  northeast of Damascus, and  southwest of the Euphrates.

History

It was an important city in ancient times. It had long been a place for travellers to stop when crossing the Syrian Desert. The city was founded some time during the 2nd millennium BC. It became abandoned around 1929. The site was made a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1980.

The Semitic name of the city is  (). In Aramaic, it means "a city that cannot be defeated". The earliest written reference to the city by this name is on Babylonian tablets found in Mari. It is still known as Tadmur in Arabic.

The people of Palmyra worshipped many gods and goddesses from Mesopotamia, Syria, Arabia and Greece. They built a series of temples and large monuments containing funerary art, or art representing the dead. Palmyrans originally spoke Aramaic, but later began speaking Greek.
The area was later made a part of the Roman Empire. The city was important because of the "silk commerce" from Rome toward the China region in eastern Asia. Between the years 260 and 273, Odaenathus and his wife Zenobia used Palmyra as the capital of the Palmyrene Empire. This period of Roman history is called the Crisis of the Third Century.

By the time of the Muslim conquests, a few Arab tribes were living in Palmyra.

The city lost its importance after the 16th century. It was fully abandoned by 1929, during the Ottoman Empire. There is a new town of the same name nearby to the south of the ruins.

During the Syrian Civil War in 2015, the Islamic State (ISIS) destroyed large parts of the ancient city. It was recaptured by the Syrian Army in 2017.

Notes

Bibliography

Other websites
 Palmyra, with photos and detailed information

Archaeological sites in Syria
Places of Ancient Rome
Ruins
World Heritage Sites in Asia
1932 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in Asia
Alfonso Cuarón Orozco (; born 28 November 1961) is a Mexican movie director, screenwriter, producer and editor. He is best known for his movies A Little Princess (1995), Y tu mamá también (2001), Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004), Children of Men (2006), Gravity (2013), which earned him an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award and Roma.

Cuarón is also close friends with fellow Mexican filmmakers Guillermo del Toro and Alejandro G. Iñárritu. The group is sometimes known as "The Three Amigos of Cinema".

Cuarón was born in Mexico City. He has been married twice. He has three children.

References

Other websites

 

1961 births
Living people
Academy Award winning directors
Golden Globe Award winning directors
BAFTA Award winning directors
Satellite Award winners
Saturn Award winners
Mexican movie directors
Mexican movie producers
Mexican screenwriters
Writers from Mexico City
Television directors
Television producers
Television writers
BAFTA Award winners
Constantine Alexander Payne (born February 10, 1961) is an American movie director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for his movies Election (1999), About Schmidt (2002), Sideways (2004), The Descendants (2011), Nebraska (2013) and Downsizing (2017).

Payne was born in Omaha, Nebraska. He married Canadian actress Sandra Oh in 2003. The couple divorced in 2006.

References

Other websites

 

1961 births
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
Writers from Omaha, Nebraska
David Owen Russell (born August 20, 1958) is an American movie director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for his movies Spanking the Monkey (1994), Flirting with Disaster (1996), Three Kings (1999), I Heart Huckabees (2004), The Fighter (2010), Silver Linings Playbook (2012), and American Hustle (2013). He also directed 2015's Accidental Love under the pseudonym "Stephen Greene" after Kristin Gore, daughter of Al Gore and Russell disowned the film. He also made Joy also in 2015.  In 2020 he is working on a new film.

David O. Russell was born in New York City, New York.

Personal life
He has a child with Janet Grillo whom he was married to from 1992 until 2007. He has since adopted a son with his partner, Holly Davis.

References

Other websites

 

1958 births
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
People from New York City
American Jews
Year 31 BC was either a common year starting on Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday or a leap year starting on Tuesday or Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Antonius and Octavianus.

Events
 Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian becomes Roman Consul for the third time. His partner is Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus, replacing Mark Antony.
 Octavian establishes a bridgehead at the Gulf of Ambracia
 Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa sailed with 300 war galleys to the western Peloponnese. He occupied the Gulf of Corinth to cut off Antony's line of communication.
 Antony sets up camp at the promontory of Actium.
 Agrippa stormed Leucas. He took the garrison at Patrae.
 The Egyptian fleet retreats to Taenarus.
 Octavian takes court at Samos
 In the Judean Desert Herod the Great completes the fortress Masada.
 The Hellenistic period in art ends (or AD 14 by some scholars)
Year 32 BC was either a common year starting on Monday or Tuesday or a leap year starting on Sunday, Monday or Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ahenobarbus and Sosius.

Events
 Final War of the Roman Republic: Mark Antony transferred his headquarters from Samos to Athens
 Sparta declared support for Octavian. 
 July – The Roman Senate declares war upon Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII.

Deaths 

 Titus Pomponius Atticus, Roman nobleman of the Equestrian order (b. 109 BC)

30s BC
Multia is a municipality in Central Finland. About 1,800 people lived there in January 2014. Petäjävesi is next to the municipalities of Keuruu, Petäjävesi, Saarijärvi, Uurainen  and Ähtäri. Multia is established 1868. Multia is famous for it's Ice Kicksled World Championship held every winter.

References

Other websites

 Multia
25th Kicksled World Championships: March in Multia
 Villages in Multia 

Municipalities of Central Finland
Soini is a municipality in Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had about 2,300 living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Alajärvi, Karstula, Kyyjärvi, Saarijärvi and Ähtäri. The municipality was established in 1868.

Other websites 

 Page 

1868 establishments in Europe
1860s establishments in Finland
Municipalities of South Ostrobothnia
Siligo is a city in the region of Logudoro in northern Sardinia, Italy.

Siligo is next to the following municipalities: Ardara, Banari, Bessude, Bonnanaro, Codrongianos, Florinas, Mores, Ploaghe.

Main sights

Archeological site of Monte sant'Antoni: a prehistoric Federal Nuragic Sanctuary
Archeological site of Mesumundu: an old Roman area and medieval
Church of Nostra Segnora de Mesumundu,  built in the Byzantine age (6th century AD) upon the ruins of a Roman baths (2nd century AD). The church was modified after 1065 by the Benedictine monks of Montecassino.
Church of Santi Elia ed Enoch: built on the top of the Monte Santo and modified by Benedictine monks after 1065.

Notable people
Maria Carta (1934-1994), folk singer and actress
Gavino Ledda, author of an autobiographical work Padre padrone (1975)

References 

Communes of the Province of Sassari
Maria Carta (24 June 1934 – 22 September 1994) was a Sardinian folk music singer-songwriter. She also performed in film and theater. In 1975, she wrote a book of poetry, Ritual Song.

She was born in Siligo, Sassari, Sardinia. She died of cancer in Rome.

Discography
1971 Sardegna canta
1971 Ninna nanna / Muttos de amore
1971 Adiu a mama / Antoneddu Antoneddu
1971 Trallallera corsicana / La ragazza moderna
1971 Paradiso in Re
1973 Nuovo maggio / Funerale di un lavoratore
1974 Dilliriende
1974 Amore disisperadu / Ave Maria
1974 Dies Irae
1975 Diglielo al tuo Dio  / Nuovo maggio
1975 Maria Carta
1976 Vi canto una storia assai vera
1976 La voce e i canti di Maria Carta vol.1
1976 La voce e i canti di Maria Carta vol. 2
1978 No potho reposare / Ballada ogliastrina / Muttettu
1978 Umbras
1980 Haidiridiridiridiridinni
1984 Maria Carta concerto dal vivo 
1981 Sonos ‘e memoria
1984 Sonos’ e memoria
1992 Chelu e mare
1993 Le memorie della musica
1993 Muttos ‘e amore
1993 Trallallera
2002 Sardegna canta
Filmography
1977 Jesus of Nazareth (miniseries) (by Franco Zeffirelli) as Martha
1974 The Godfather Part II (by Francis Ford Coppola) as Vito Corleone's mom
1976 Cecilia - Storia di una comune anarchica (by Comolli) as Olimpia
1977 Cadaveri eccellenti (by Francesco Rosi) as Signora Cres
1980 Un reietto delle isole (based on by Joseph Conrad's novel An Outcast of the Islands) (by Giorgio Moser)
1985 Derborence
1986 Il camorrista (by Giuseppe Tornatore) as The mother
1988 Disamistade (by Gianfranco Cabiddu) as "Madre Di Sebastiano"
1992 Il commissario Corso (telefilm)

Other websites 

1934 births
1994 deaths
Cancer deaths in Italy
Disease-related deaths in Rome
Folk singers
Italian movie actors
Italian poets
Italian singers
Italian television actors
People from Sardinia
was a Japanese poet. He won the international Hans Christian Andersen Medal in 1994 for his "lasting contribution to children's literature".

Mado was born as Michio Ishida in Tokuyama, Yamaguchi prefecture. He died on February 28, 2014, aged 104.

References

Other websites
 Mado dies

1909 births
2014 deaths
Children's writers
Japanese centenarians
Japanese poets
People from Yamaguchi Prefecture
Channapatna Ramaswami Simha () better known as C. R. Simha () (June 16, 1942 – February 28, 2014) was an Indian actor, director, dramatist and a playwright. 

He was best known for his work on Kannada movies and for his work in stage shows. He directed many successful stage shows such as Kakanakote, Thughlaq and Sankranthi.
 
Simha died at a hospital in Bangalore from prostate cancer, aged 71.

References

Other websites

1942 births
2014 deaths
Cancer deaths in India
Deaths from prostate cancer
Indian movie actors
Indian movie directors
Indian playwrights
Indian stage actors
Actors from Karnataka
Writers from Karnataka
The second inauguration of Thomas Jefferson as the third president of the United States took place on Monday, March 4, 1805 in the Senate Chamber of the United States Capitol. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the second term of Thomas Jefferson as President and the first term of George Clinton as Vice President. 

Chief Justice John Marshall gave the oath of office. Jefferson wore a black suit and silk stockings for the inauguration.

References

1805 in the United States
Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson, Thomas
19th century in Washington, D.C.
March events
The second inauguration of George Washington as President of the United States took place in the Senate Chamber of Congress Hall in Philadelphia on March 4, 1793. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the second term of George Washington as President and John Adams as Vice President. It was the first presidential inauguration to be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1793
George Washington
Washington, George
1790s in Pennsylvania
18th century in Philadelphia
The inauguration of John Adams as the second president of the United States took place on Saturday, March 4, 1797. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the four-year term of John Adams as President and Thomas Jefferson as Vice President. 

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Oliver Ellsworth, swore him in.
The oath of office was given at the House of Representatives Chamber of Congress Hall in Philadelphia. This was the first inaugural oath given by a Chief Justice of the United States.

References

1797 in the United States
John Adams
Adams, John
1790s in Pennsylvania
18th century in Philadelphia
The first inauguration of James Madison as the fourth president of the United States was held on Saturday, March 4, 1809. It was held in the House chamber in the U.S. Capitol. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the first four-year term of James Madison as President and the second term of George Clinton as Vice President. 

The oath was given by Chief Justice John Marshall. It was the first presidential inauguration to have an inaugural ball after the ceremony.

References

1809
James Madison
Madison, James
1800s in the United States
Madison, James
The second inauguration of James Madison as the fourth president of the United States was held on Thursday, March 4, 1813. It was held in the House chamber of the U.S. Capitol. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the second four-year term of James Madison as President and the only term of Elbridge Gerry as Vice President. 

John Marshall, Chief Justice, administered the oath of office to Madison.

References

1813
James Madison
Madison, James
1810s in the United States
Madison, James
March events
Ezra Michael Koenig (born April 8, 1984) is an American singer and songwriter. He is the lead singer and guitarist of the indie rock band Vampire Weekend.

Early life
Koenig was born in New York City. Koenig started writing songs when he was around ten or eleven.

Career
In 2006 he started Vampire Weekend with Chris Tomson. The band released their first album, Vampire Weekend, in 2008.

References

1984 births
Grammy Award winners
Jewish American musicians
Living people
Singers from New York City
The inauguration of John Tyler as the tenth president of the United States took place in Tyler's bedroom on Thursday, April 6, 1841. 

It happened two days after the death of President William Henry Harrison. The inauguration was the beginning of Tyler's only term as President. It was the first time that an inauguration was held because of a president's death. 

The swearing-in was done by Chief Judge of the local U.S. Circuit Court, William Cranch, at Brown's Hotel in Washington, D.C.

References

1841
John Tyler
Tyler, John
1840s in the United States
Tyler, John
The first inauguration of James Monroe as the fifth president of the United States was held on Tuesday, March 4, 1817. It took place in front of the Old Brick Capitol. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the first four-year term of James Monroe as President and Daniel D. Tompkins as Vice President. 

The Chief Justice, John Marshall gave the oath of office.

References

1817
James Monroe
Monroe, James
1810s in the United States
Daisy Chainsaw was an English punk rock band. The band was started in 1989.

History
Daisy Chainsaw started in 1989 after KatieJane Garside answered an advertisement that Crispin Gray put in a music magazine. In 1991 the band released Love Sick Pleasure.

They released their first album Eleventeen on October 6, 1992. In 1993 Garside left the band. In 1994 Daisy Chainsaw released their last album For They Know Not What They Do. Belinda Leith took Garside's place as singer for the album. In 1995 they released their last EP You're Gruesome. Crispin Gray took Leith's place.

In 1995 Daisy Chainsaw broke up. After that Gray, Adams and Johnson made a band called Dizzy Q Viper.

References

Musical groups established in 1989
1995 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
English punk bands
1980s establishments in England
Musical groups disestablished in 1995
1989 establishments in the United Kingdom
1990s disestablishments in England
The second inauguration of James Monroe as the fifth president of the United States was held on Monday, March 5, 1821. It took place in the House chamber of the U.S. Capitol. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the second four-year term of James Monroe as President and Daniel D. Tompkins as Vice President. 

Monroe was sworn in by John Marshall, the Chief Justice of the United States. The inauguration was held on March 5 instead of March 4 because of a snowstorm.

References

1821 in the United States
James Monroe
Monroe, James
Monroe, James
The inauguration of John Quincy Adams as the sixth president of the United States took place on Friday, March 4, 1825, in the House Chamber of the U.S. Capitol.

The inauguration was the beginning of the four-year term of John Quincy Adams as President and the first term of John C. Calhoun as Vice President. Adams was sworn in by John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States.

References

1825
John Quincy Adams
Adams, John Quincy
1820s in the United States
Adams, J. Q.
The second inauguration of Andrew Jackson as the seventh president of the United States took place in the House chamber of the U.S. Capitol on Monday, March 4, 1833. 

The inauguration was the beginning of the second term of Andrew Jackson as President and the only term of Martin Van Buren as Vice President. 

Jackson was sworn in by Chief Justice John Marshall. This was the first inauguration for which two inaugural balls were held.

References

1833
1830s in the United States
Andrew Jackson
Jackson, Andrew
Jackson, Andrew
Stuart Ethan Blumberg (born July 19, 1969) is an American screenwriter, actor, producer and director.  He was nominated for an Oscar for Best Original Screenplay in 2010 for co-writing The Kids Are All Right.   He made his directorial debut with the Hollywood movie Thanks for Sharing starring Mark Ruffalo, Tim Robbins, Gwyneth Paltrow, Josh Gad, Joely Richardson, and Alecia Moore. He is going to direct the John Grisham's adaption of The Testament. 

1969 births
Living people
American screenwriters
American television directors
American movie producers
American movie directors
Doris Duke (November 22, 1912 — October 28, 1993) was an American heiress, philanthropist and billionaire. She was the daughter of a rich tobacco tycoon.

Duke created many elaborately-themed gardens. Much of her work was centered in New Jersey.

Duke was born in New York City. She lived in many other places, including Rhode Island. She died at 80 of pulmonary edema in Beverly Hills, California. Duke was then cremated.

American billionaires
American socialites
Disease-related deaths in the United States
People from New York City
Deaths from pulmonary edema
1912 births
1993 deaths
The Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center (also commonly referred to as UCLA Medical Center) is a hospital located on the campus of the University of California, Los Angeles in Los Angeles, California, United States. This hospital is thought to be one of the best in the United States. 

Many famous people died there, such as Marlon Brando, Michael Jackson, Richard Dawson, John Wooden, Ed McMahon, John Wayne, Zsa Zsa Gábor, Carrie Fisher and Martin Landau. 

The hospital was founded in 1955. It was reopened in June 2008 and named after President of the United States Ronald Reagan.

References

Other websites

Hospitals in the United States
Buildings and structures in Los Angeles
UCLA Medical Center
1955 establishments in California
Medical education in the United States
The Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center, is a large federal building and foreign trade organization center located in Washington, D.C.. It was opened on May 8, 1998.

It is named after former United States President Ronald Reagan. It is the first federal building in Washington, D.C. designed for both governmental and private society reasons. It is the second largest government building in the Washington Metropolitan Area.

A piece of the Berlin Wall is in the building.

References

Other websites

Government buildings
Buildings and structures in Washington, D.C.
Building and International Trade Center
The Reagan Diaries is an edited version of diaries written by Ronald Reagan while he was President of the United States. 

The book is edited by Douglas Brinkley. The unedited version of Reagan's diaries were published in 2009. Ronald Reagan was president for eight years. During his terms in office, Reagan wrote in his diary about conflicts with the Soviet Union, the Iran–Contra affair, the fall of the Berlin Wall, and his Alzheimer's diagnoses. The edited diaries reached #1 on the New York Times Bestseller List.

Reagan's original diary is on display at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.

References

2007 books
Ronald Reagan
Diaries
American literature
There are 161 state parks and 10 state trails in the U.S. state of Florida. All the parks together are more than . People from anywhere can visit them. Between 2012 and 2013, more than 27,000 volunteers (people who are not paid money) worked to make the parks for better for the 25.2 million people who visit every year. There is a small fee to enter most of Florida's state parks. It costs more to use cabins, marinas, or campsites if the park has them. Florida's state parks together have 3,454 family campsites, 235 cabins, thousands of picnic tables,  of beaches, and over 1,625 miles (2,616 km) of trails.
The Florida Park Service is the part of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. They operate the Florida State Parks. The National Recreation and Park Association gave them the Gold Medal honoring the best state park system in the country in 1999 and 2005. The parks are open all year. Some have many things to do other than fishing, hiking and camping. Many parks have facilities for bird watching or horseback riding; there are several battle reenactments; and freshwater (not salty) springs and beaches are some of Florida's very beautiful places.

Several state parks used to be private tourist attractions bought by the state of Florida to preserve (keep from changing) their natural environment. These parks include the Silver River State Park, Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park, Rainbow Springs State Park and Weeki Wachee Springs.
There are state parks in 58 of Florida's 67 counties. Nine of the 161 parks do not have "State Park" in their name. Four are "conservation areas" (reserve, preserve, or wildlife refuge); three are "Historical/Archaeological sites"; one is a fishing pier and one is a recreation area. Seven parks are mostly undeveloped (nothing built there) with few or no facilities (such as water or toilets); 10 parks are accessible only by private boat or ferry; and 13 parks contain National Natural Landmarks. There are also eleven national parks in Florida. The National Park Service controls those.

Florida state parks and reserves

Note: The table of contents only applies when the list is sorted by park name. 
"Year" refers to the year the park was opened. If that date is not available, the year the state acquired (started to own) the property will be used.   
Left mouse click on the up/down arrows to sort the list by that column. Photo and remarks are unsortable.

References
References

Other websites 
Official state park service website
Map of Florida State Parks 

Florida-related lists
Parks in the United States
Florida's Forgotten Coast is a registered trademark. The Apalachicola Bay Chamber of Commerce registered it in the early 1990s.  The name refers to a mostly quiet, undeveloped (few buildings) part of coastline from Mexico Beach on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay in the U.S. state of Florida.  The nearest large city is Tallahassee. It is about 90 miles (145 km) northeast of Apalachicola. Panama City, home of Tyndall Air Force Base, is about 60 miles (95 km) to the northwest.

The Forgotten Coast includes these coastal communities (towns), listed west to east:
 Port St. Joe
 Cape San Blas
 Apalachicola
 Eastpoint
 Carrabelle
 Lanark Village
 Alligator Point
 Panacea
 Shell Point

These are on the Forgotten Coast:
 Gulf County, Florida
 Franklin County, Florida
 Wakulla County, Florida
The area is famous for its oyster and shrimp production, marine wildlife, and fine white-sand beaches. Peninsulas and barrier islands along the coast include:
 Gulf County:
 St. Joseph Peninsula
 Cape San Blas
 Franklin County:
 St. Vincent Island
 Cape St. George Island
 St. George Island
 Dog Island

Protected natural areas include:
 St. Joseph Peninsula State Park
 Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve
 St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge
 St. George Island State Park
 Tate's Hell State Forest
 Bald Point State Park
 Wakulla State Forest
 Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park
 San Marcos de Apalache Historic State Park
 St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge

Related pages
 Florida Panhandle

References

Other websites
  Historic Apalachicola - Local Information site

Geography of Florida
Michael Joseph Pennington (born 5 September 1970), known as Johnny Vegas, is an English actor and comedian. He is known for his Lancashire accent, his angry rants, surreal humour, portly figure and high husky voice

He became famous for his role as Geoff Maltby aka "The Oracle" in the ITV sitcom Benidorm (2007–2009, 2015–2017). His style comedy include: and support of St Helens rugby league club.

Life 
Vegas was born in St Helens, Lancashire, England. He was married to Catherine "Kitty" Donnelly from 2002 until they divorced in 2008. He married Irish columnist Maia Dunphy in 2011 in Seville, Spain. 

He is a Christian, having returned to religion after having lapsed during adolescence. He continues to live in his home town of St Helens, and has been outspoken about the pride he takes in it; he is well known for being active in supporting the local community.

References

Other websites
Other websites
 

1970 births
Living people
British socialists
English Christians
English television actors
English movie actors
English radio actors
Actors from Lancashire
Comedians from Lancashire
Entertainers from Merseyside
The Holocene calendar, or Human era  (HE), is a year numbering system that adds 10,000 years to the present Anno Domini (AD) or Common Era (CE) system. It puts the first year near the beginning of the Holocene epoch and the Neolithic revolution. Those who favour the HE system say that it makes for easier geological, archeological, dendrochronological and historical dating. 

For example, the year 2022 can be made into a Holocene year by adding the number "1" before it, making it 12022 . The calendar was introduced by the scientist Cesare Emiliani in 1993 (11993 ).

Arguments supporting the Holocene calendar include:
In the Anno Domini system the birth of Jesus represents the year 1. People now think Jesus was born four years earlier.
The years  are counted down when moving from past to future, making it more difficult to calculate timespans across this divide.
The Anno Domini system has no year zero, with 1  followed by year 1. It is important to not forget this when calculating lengths of time.
The HE starts at 10001 . This is a rough approximation of the start of the current geologic epoch, the Holocene or Recent period.  Human settlements, first cities and agriculture  probably started in this period. All important dates in human history can then be listed using a simple increasing date scale with smaller dates always before larger dates.

Conversion
Conversion to the Human Era from Julian or Gregorian AD years can be achieved by adding 10,000. BC years are converted by subtracting the BC year from 10,001.

A useful check is that the last single number of BC and HE equivalent pairs must add up to 1 or 11.

Related pages 
 Common Era
 Julian date (JD) – the interval of time in days and fractions of a day since January 1, 4713 BCE, Greenwich noon.

References 

 
 
 
 "News and comment", Geology Today, 20/3 (2004) 89–96.
 

Calendars
Cainozoic
Michael Fassbender (born 2 April 1977) is a German and Irish actor. He is best known for appearing in the movies  Inglourious Basterds (2009), X-Men: First Class (2011), Prometheus (2012), 12 Years a Slave (2013), and X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014).

Fassbender was born in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany (now Germany). His mother, Adele, is Irish and his father, Josef, is German. When he was two years old, his parents moved to Killarney, County Kerry, in the Republic of Ireland. He lives in London, England. He is fluent in both English and German.

References

Filmography

Films

300 (2007)

Solid Of Gold (2007)

Legends of Destruction (2008)

God Of War Part I (2009)

Rise and Fall (2010)

Birds (2010)

God Of War Part II (2010)

Demolished (2010)

Godzilla (2011)

X-Men First Class (2011)

Legacy (2012)

God Of War II - Killer Of The Thieves (2012)

The Lion Battle (2013)

Deathshot (2014)

The Last Airbender II (2014)

God Of War III - God Of The Seas (2014)

Macbeth (2015)

Other websites
Other websites

 

1977 births
German movie actors
German stage actors
German television actors
German voice actors
Irish movie actors
Irish stage actors
Irish voice actors
Irish television actors
Living people
People from Baden-Württemberg
Janice Kay Brewer (Jan in short; born September 26, 1944) is an American politician. She served as the 22nd Governor of Arizona from 2009 to 2015. She is the fourth woman in Arizona to hold the position of Governor. Brewer is a Republican.

Brewer was born Janice Drinkwine in Hollywood, California. She attended Glendale Community College.

References

Governors of Arizona
Politicians from California
1944 births
Living people
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Bangaru Laxman (17 March 1939 – 1 March 2014) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was President of the party from 2000 to 2001.

Laxman was also the minister of state for railways in Government of India from 1999 to 2000. He was sentenced to four years in jail for a defense deal corruption case. He was a member of the BJP and the RSS.

Laxman died in Hyderabad, India from cardiac arrest, aged 74.

References

1939 births
2014 deaths
Politicians from Andhra Pradesh
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians
Anthony Neil Wedgwood ‘Tony’ Benn, PC (3 April 1925 – 14 March 2014), formerly 2nd Viscount Stansgate, was a British Labour Party politician.

Benn was born in Marylebone, London, England. He was married to Caroline DeCamp (1926–2000) from 1949 until her death. Their four children are: Stephen, Hilary, Melissa and Joshua. He had been a vegetarian since 1970. He was also an agnostic.

Benn inherited the title of Viscount Stansgate from his father, William Wedgwood Benn, in 1960. He became the first peer to renounce his title. This made him able to become a Member of Parliament (MP) in 1963. He was a Cabinet Minister under Harold Wilson and James Callaghan. From 2001 to his death, he was President of the Stop the War Coalition.

Benn died after an illness on 14 March 2014 in London. He was 88 years old.

References

Other websites
1925 births
2014 deaths
Agnostics
British anti–Iraq War activists
Diarists
Democratic socialists
English autobiographers
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from London
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Republicans
Royal Air Force
Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1950–1951
UK MPs 1951–1955
UK MPs 1955–1959
UK MPs 1959–1964
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1966–1970
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
Vegetarians
Writers from London
Divergent is a 2014 American science-fiction action movie directed by Neil Burger. It stars Kate Winslet, Shailene Woodley, Theo James, and Ashley Judd. It is based on the book by Veronica Roth. The music was composed by Junkie XL and Hans Zimmer. It is set in the future in Chicago, Illinois. It was released on March 21, 2014.

The movie tells the story of a future in which only Chicago exists. The people are put into five groups: Abnegation are the people who help other people; Candor are the people who tell the truth; Erudite are the people with knowledge; Amity are the hard-working people, and Dauntless are the brave soldiers. When people are teenagers, they are tested and then they have to choose a group.
Beatrice Prior is a teen from an Abnegation family. During her test, she does not fit into any one group. This is called being Divergent. The society does not like people who are divergent, because they do not fit in. Beatrice chooses to join Dauntless and become a soldier. While she is being trained by the military instructor named Four, they learn about a plot by the Erudite group to kill all of the Abnegation people and take control of the city.

2014 movies
American science fiction movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in Chicago
Movies shot in Chicago
Movies composed by Hans Zimmer
Post-apocalyptic movies
Dystopian movies
Lionsgate movies
Movies directed by Neil Burger
O Rei do Gado (English: King of Cattle) is a Brazilian telenovela. It is produced by Rede Globo.

References

Other websites
 
 Official website  

1996 television series debuts
Brazilian telenovelas
1990s Brazilian television series
1997 television series endings
Kyyjärvi is a municipality in Central Finland. About 1,430 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Alajärvi, Karstula, Kivijärvi, Perho and Soini. There is also a lake called Kyyjärvi what is located in the Kyyjärvi municipality. The name Kyyjärvi means "adder lake" in Finnish.

Kyyjärvi was established in 1929.

Distances
 Jyväskylä 115 km
 Vaasa 160 km
 Seinäjoki 110 km

Other websites 

 The official page

Municipalities of Central Finland
1929 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Finland
Perho is a municipality in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland. About 2,930 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Alajärvi, Halsua, Kinnula, Kivijärvi, Kyyjärvi, Lestijärvi, Veteli and Vimpeli.

Perho was established in 1868.

Distances 
 Kyyjärvi 23 km
 Kivijärvi 40 km
 Kinnula 43 km
 Halsua 40 km
 Veteli 45 km
 Karstula 49 km 
 Kaustinen 55 km
 Alajärvi 65 km
 Äänekoski 110 km
 Haapajärvi 118 km

Other websites 

  

Municipalities of Central Ostrobothnia
1868 establishments in Finland
Kinnula is a municipality in Central Finland. Almost 1,780 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Kivijärvi, Lestijärvi, Perho, Pihtipudas, Reisjärvi and Viitasaari.

Other websites 

  

Municipalities of Central Finland
Piero Tosi (10 April 1927 – 10 August 2019) was an Italian costume designer. He designed costumes for Senso, Bellissima, The Leopard, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Death in Venice, The Night Porter, and La Traviata. 

He won the David di Donatello for Best Costumes twice. He also won the BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design twice, and was nominated for the Academy Award for Costume Design five times.

Tosi died in Rome on 10 August 2019, at the age of 92.

References

Other websites

BAFTA Award winners
1927 births
2019 deaths
Italian costume designers
Hildegard Hamm-Brücher (May 11, 1921 – December 7, 2016) was a German liberal politician. She was the federal state secretar from 1969 to 1972 and from 1977 to 1982. In 1993 she became the Free Democratic Party's candidate for the federal presidency elections to be held the following year.

Hamm-Brücher was born in Essen, Germany. She died in Berlin, Germany on December 7, 2016 from congestive heart failure, aged 95.

References

Other websites

1921 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Members of the German Bundestag
Politicians from Essen
Politicians of the Free Democratic Party of Germany
Jürgen Wilhelm Möllemann (15 July 1945 – 5 June 2003) was a German politician of the Free Democratic Party. 

He served as Minister of State at the Foreign Office (1982–1987), as Federal Minister of Education and Research (1987–1991), as Federal Minister of Economics (1991–1993). 

He served as Vice Chancellor of Germany (1992–1993) in the government of Chancellor Helmut Kohl.

Möllemann was born in Augsburg, Germany. 

He was accused of illegal arms deals and tax evasion. After his parliamentary immunity had been lifted, he (probably) committed suicide by not opening his reserve parachute after jumping off an airplane. He was aged 57.

References

1945 births
2003 deaths
Members of the German Bundestag
Government ministers of Germany
People from Augsburg
Politicians from Bavaria
Politicians of the Free Democratic Party of Germany
Politicians who committed suicide
Suicides in Germany
Vice Chancellors of Germany
Klaus Kinkel (17 December 1936 – 4 March 2019) was a German civil servant, lawyer, and politician. He was a member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP). 

He served as Federal Minister of Justice (1991–1992), Foreign Minister (1992–1998) and Vice Chancellor of Germany (1993–1998) in the government of Helmut Kohl.

He was also chairman of the liberal Free Democratic Party from 1993 to 1995. He was President of the Federal Intelligence Service (1979–1982).

Kinkel was born in Metzingen, Baden-Württemberg. He died on 4 March 2019 in Sankt Augustin, North Rhine-Westphalia, aged 82.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2019 deaths
Directors of German intelligence agencies
German lawyers
Government ministers of Germany
Politicians from Baden-Württemberg
Politicians of the Free Democratic Party of Germany
Vice Chancellors of Germany
Arduíno Colasanti (15 February 1936 – 22 February 2014) was an Italian-Brazilian actor from Livorno, Tuscany. He appeared in over thirty movies between 1967 and 2010.

Colasanti died from respiratory failure on 22 February 2014 in Niterói, Brazil. He was 78 years old.

References

Other websites
 

1934 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Tuscany
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
Deaths from respiratory failure
Disease-related deaths in Brazil
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
People from Livorno
My Ruin is a metal band from Los Angeles. The members are Tairrie B and her husband  Mick Murphy.

History
My Ruin was started by Tairrie B in February 1999. Speak And Destroy was released on 23rd August 1999. Kerrang! gave the album a good review. In 2000 the band's second album A Prayer Under Pressure of Violent Anguish was released. The band's third album was released on 23 October 2003.

References

1999 establishments in California
American heavy metal bands
Nu metal bands
Alain Resnais (; 3 June 1922 – 1 March 2014) was a French movie director, actor, editor and screenwriter. His career has lasted over more than six decades. He was born in Vannes, Morbihan. He was first married to Florence Malraux (daughter of the French statesman and writer André Malraux).

Career 
At first, Resnais wanted to become a comedian actor, but he ended up making short films. Most of these films were produced in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Many are documentaries. The best known are probably Van Gogh (1949), Guernica (1950) and Night and Fog (1955).  His longer films include Hiroshima mon amour (1959), Last Year at Marienbad (1961), and Muriel (1963). All of the films are important for the history of cinema.

Resnais was awarded multiple prizes for his work, including several César Awards.

Death 
Resnais died on 1 March 2014 in Paris. He was 91 years old. He was outlived by his second wife, actress Sabine Azéma.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1922 births
2014 deaths
French movie actors
French movie directors
French screenwriters
French movie editors
People from Morbihan
Vannes
Konnevesi is a municipality in Central Finland. About 2,850 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Hankasalmi, Laukaa, Rautalampi, Vesanto and Äänekoski.

Konnevesi was established in 1922. The name comes from a lake called Lake Konnevesi.

Other websites 

  

Municipalities of Central Finland
1922 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Finland
Anne Cox Chambers (December 1, 1919 – January 31, 2020) was an American media owner. She held the largest share of Cox Enterprises. The company is a mass media group that includes newspaper, television, radio and cable television. It is the third largest cable company in the United States.

In 1973 Chambers became the first woman bank director in Atlanta. From 1977 to 1981 she was the United States Ambassador to Belgium under President Jimmy Carter. From 1981 to 1991 Chambers was the director of The Coca-Cola Company.

She was the daughter of James M. Cox. He was a newspaper publisher and 1920 Democratic Presidential nominee. Her overall net worth was estimated by Forbes magazine at $12.4 million. This is based mostly on her equity in Cox Enterprises. Cox Chambers was born in Dayton, Ohio.

From 1977 through 1981, she was Ambassador to Belgium during the Jimmy Carter presidency.

Chambers died on January 31, 2020 in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 100.

References
References

1919 births
2020 deaths
Ambassadors of the United States
American billionaires
American centenarians
American chief executives
Businesspeople from Dayton, Ohio
Politicians from Dayton, Ohio
Vesanto is a municipality in Northern Savonia, Finland. About 2,300 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Keitele, Konnevesi, Rautalampi, Tervo, Viitasaari and Äänekoski. Vesanto was established in 1871.

The economy in Vesanto involves a lot of agriculture.

Some villages 
Harinkaa, Horonkylä, Järvenpää, Niinivesi, Sonkari and Tiitilänkylä.

Other websites 

  

Municipalities of North Savo
1871 establishments in Europe
1870s establishments in Finland
Keitele is a municipality in Northern Savonia, Finland. In January 2014, 2,430 people lived there. The municipalities next to it are Pielavesi, Pihtipudas, Tervo, Vesanto and Viitasaari.

The municipality was established in 1879, but camp sites been found from the 1300s.

Villages 
Hamula, Koutajärvi, Kukertaja, Leppäselkä, Pahkamäki, Petäjäkylä, Sulkavanjärvi, Tossavanlahti, Viinikkala, Vuonamo, Äyräpää and Hemminki.

Other websites 

  

Municipalities of North Savo
1879 establishments in Europe
1870s establishments in Finland
The car-free movement is an informal network of individuals and organizations who would like to see cars used less in modern cities. It includes social activists, urban planners and others who would like to see alternative ways of moving people for environment or quality of life. They encourage walking, cycling or use of public transportation.

References

Urban planning
Transport
Public services
Kicksled is a vehicle that is used in winter time. The kicksled was invented in 1800s in Sweden.

Other websites 

 guide

Land transport
Larry Sellers (October 2, 1949 – December 9, 2021) was an American actor. His best known role was Cloud Dancing in the television series Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman.

References

Other websites 
 Larry Sellers on Dr Quinn official homepage  

1949 births
2021 deaths
Actors from Oklahoma
American television actors
Kinematics is the branch of classical mechanics which describes the motion of points, bodies (objects) and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without looking at the cause of this motion.  The term was translated from French; A.M. Ampère used the term cinématique. He constructed the term form the Greek , kinema (movement, motion), derived from , kinein (to move). The study of kinematics is often referred to as the geometry of motion.

To describe motion, kinematics studies the paths of points, lines and other geometric objects in space, and some of their properties such as velocity and acceleration. Astrophysics uses kinematics to describe the motion of celestial bodies and systems. Mechanical engineering, robotics and biomechanics use it  to describe the motion of systems composed of joined parts  such as an engine, a robotic arm or the skeleton of the human body.
The study of kinematics can be abstracted into purely mathematical functions.  It is possible to represent rotation with elements of the unit circle in the complex plane. Other planar algebras are used to represent the shear mapping of classical motion in absolute time and space and to represent the Lorentz transformations of relativistic space and time.   Mathematicians have developed a science of kinematic geometry, which uses time as a parameter.

Certain  geometric transformations which are called  rigid transformations have been developed to  describe the movement of components of a mechanical system. These transformations simplify the derivation of its equations of motion, and is central to dynamic analysis.
Kinematic analysis is the process of measuring the kinematic quantities used to describe motion.  In engineering, kinematic analysis may be used to find the range of movement for a given mechanism, and, working in reverse, kinematic synthesis designs a mechanism for a desired range of motion.  In addition, kinematics applies algebraic geometry to the study of the mechanical advantage of a mechanical system, or mechanism.

References

Mechanics
A system of measurement is a set of related measures that are used to give a numeric value to something. A "system of measurement" is also known as a "metric". There are many systems of measurement. Some systems of measurement describe physical systems. Other systems of measurement describe economic systems.

The term "system of measurement" is often used in engineering application to describe a set of operational devices that take measurements. 

In metrology, the term "system of measurement" is often used as a synonym for system of units.
The international standard system is the International System of Units. Other systems in common use are the closely related United States customary units and British imperial units. 

A system of measurement that describes economic systems is called an econometric system. An econometric system uses quantities such as Gross domestic product and money supply to model an economic system.

References

Related pages 
Metric system

Measurement
Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman is an American television series, created between 1993 and 1998. There were 6 seasons of episodes made and 2 feature movies (Dr. Quinn: Revolutions in 1999 and Dr. Quinn: The Heart Within in 2001).

Plot
The main character is a female doctor; Michaela Quinn from Boston. As a female she could not work there as a doctor and she decided to go to the Wild West town of Colorado Springs. At first people are suspicious there, too but she soon gains their trust.

She meets there Byron Sully with whom she befriends and falls in love eventually. She also adopts three young children whose mother dies unexpectedly.
Cast
The Quinns
 Jane Seymour — Dr. Michaela Quinn
 Joe Lando — Byron Sully
 Chad Allen — Matthew Cooper
 Erika Flores (up to mid-season 3) / Jessica Bowman (from season 3 on) — Colleen Cooper 
 Shawn Toovey —  Brian Cooper
 McKenzie, Megan and Alexandria Calabrese (season 6) - Katie Sully
 Georgann Johnson (seasons 2–6) – Elizabeth Quinn 
 Alley Mills (seasons 2–6) – Marjorie Quinn 
 Elinor Donahue (season 2–6) – Rebecka Quinn Dickinson
The Town
 Orson Bean —  Loren Bray
 Jim Knobeloch —  Jake Slicker
 Frank Collison —  Horace Bing
 William Shockley —  Hank Lawson
 Geoffrey Lower —  Rev. Timothy Johnson
 Henry G. Sanders —  Robert E.
 Jonelle Allen —  Grace
 Heidi Kozak (season 1) — Emily Donovan 
 Gail Strickland (season 1) — Ms. Olive Davis 
 Jennifer Youngs (seasons 1–4) —  Ingrid 
 Helene Udy (seasons 1–4) —  Myra Bing 
 Haylie Johnson —  Becky Bonner
 Barbara Babcock (seasons 2–6) —  Dorothy Jennings
 Charlotte Chatton (seasons 4-5) — Emma 
 Michelle Bonilla (season 5) / Alex Meneses (season 6) —  Teresa Morales 
 Brandon Douglas (seasons 4–6) —  Dr. Andrew Cook 
 Jason Leland Adams (seasons 4–6) —  Preston A. Lodge III  
 John Schneider (season 6) —  Daniel Simon 
 Brenden Jefferson (season 4) – Anthony

The Indians
 Nick Ramus - Chief Black Kettle
 Larry Sellers —  Cloud Dancing

References
References

1993 American television series debuts
1998 American television series endings
1990s American television series
American drama television series
Western (genre) television series
CBS network shows
Television series set in Colorado
Colorado Springs, Colorado
English-language television programs
Viitasaari is a small city in Central Finland. The municipalities next to it are Kannonkoski, Keitele, Kinnula, Kivijärvi, Pihtipudas, Vesanto and Äänekoski. Most people speak Finnish

Nature
Viitasaari is known about lakes and rapids.

Other websites 

 The official site

Cities in Finland
Municipalities of Central Finland
In association football, kit means the standard equipment and attire worn by players. The terms "kit", "strip", and in North-American English "uniform" all mean the same thing. 

The Laws of the Game define the minimum kit a player must use.

Related pages 
 History of association football
 Away kit
 Third kit
 Retro kit 

Football (soccer) terminology
Sports clothing