Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
1989 – George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Malta, signifying an end to the Cold War.
 1992 – The Greek oil tanker Aegean Sea, with 80,000 tonnes of crude oil, runs aground off Galicia, causing an oil spill, affecting around 300 kilometres of coastline.
 1992 - UN Security Resolution 794 is passed, approving UN peacekeepers' intervention in Somalia.
 1999 – NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Polar Lander before it enters the Martian atmosphere.
 1999 - Six firefighters are killed in the Worcester Cold Storage and Warehouse fire in Massachusetts.
 2007 – Kevin Rudd becomes Prime Minister of Australia.
 2007 - Winter storms cause flooding of the Chehalis River in Washington, killing 8 people.
 2009 – A suicide bombing in Mogadishu, Somalia, kills 25 people.
 2012 - Typhoon Bopha strikes the Philippines, killing at least 475 people.
Up to 1900 
 1368 – King Charles VI of France (d. 1422)
 1483 – Nicolaus von Amsdorf, German theologian and reformer (d. 1565)
 1596 - Nicola Amati, Italian violin maker (d. 1684)
 1684 – Ludvig Holberg, Danish writer (d. 1754)
 1722 - Hrihorii Skovoroda, Ukrainian philosopher, poet and composer (d. 1794)
 1729 – Antonio Soler, Spanish composer (d. 1783)
 1753 – Samuel Crompton, British inventor (d. 1827)
 1755 – Gilbert Stuart, American painter (d. 1828)
 1800 – France Preseren, Slovenian poet (d. 1849)
 1826 - George B. McClellan, American general and politician, 24th Governor of New Jersey (d. 1885)
 1833 - Carlos Finlay, Cuban physician and scientist (d. 1915) 
 1838 – Octavia Hill, British social reformer (d. 1912)
 1842 – Phoebe Hearst, American philanthropist (d. 1919)
 1842 - Ellen Swallow Richards, American ecologist and chemist (d. 1911)
 1857 – Joseph Conrad, Polish-born British writer (d. 1924)
 1864 - Anna Boberg, Swedish artist (d. 1935)
1867 - William John Bowser, 17th Premier of British Columbia (d. 1933)
 1871 - Newton D. Baker, American politician (d. 1937)
 1875 – Bernhard Lichtenberg, German priest and humanitarian (d. 1943)
 1875 - Emile Delchambre, French rower (d. 1958)
 1878 - Francis A. Nixon, American businessman (d. 1956)
 1879 - Albert Asher, New Zealand rugby player (d. 1965)
 1879 - Charles Hutchison, American actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1949)
 1879 - Donald Matheson Sutherland, Canadian physician and politician (d. 1970)
 1880 - Fedor von Bock, German field marshal (d. 1945)
 1883 - Anton Webern, Austrian composer (d. 1945)
 1884 – Rajendra Prasad, first President of India (d. 1963)
 1884 - Walther Stampfli, Swiss politician (d. 1965)
 1885 - Edward Lasker, German-American chess and Go player (d. 1981)
 1886 – Manne Siegbahn, Swedish pacifist (d. 1978)
 1887 – Prince Higashikuni of Naruhiko, Japanese royal and Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1990)
 1895 – Anna Freud, Austrian-British psychoanalyst (d. 1982)
1895 - Teller Ammons, 27th Governor of Colorado (d. 1972)
 1899 – Ikeda Hayato, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1965)
 1900 – Ulrich Inderbinen, Swiss mountain guide (d. 2004)
 1900 – Richard Kuhn, Austrian-German biochemist (d. 1967)
1901  1950 
 1901 - Mildred Wiley, American high jumper (d. 2000)
 1902 - Mitsuda Fuchida, Japanese writer (d. 1976)
 1908 - Edward Underdown, English actor (d. 1989)
 1911 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (d. 1979)
 1914 - Irving Fine, American composer (d. 1962)
 1917 - Wilhelm Brasse, Polish photographer (d. 2012)
 1917 - Manuel Solis Palma, President of Panama (d. 2009)
 1920 - Antonio Imbert Barrera, former President of the Dominican Republic (d. 2016)
 1921 - Phyllis Curtin, American soprano (d. 2016)
 1921 - John Doar, American lawyer (d. 2014)
 1922 - Len Lesser, American actor (d. 2011)
 1922 – Sven Nykvist, Swedish cinematographer (d. 2006)
 1923 – Stjepan Bobek, Yugoslav-Croatian footballer (d. 2010)
 1924 – John Backus, American computer programmer (d. 2007)
 1925 – Kim Dae Jung, President of South Korea (d. 2009)
 1927 – Andy Williams, American singer (d. 2012)
 1928 - Muhammad Habibur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 2014)
1930 – Jean-Luc Godard, French-Swiss movie director and screenwriter
 1930 - Raul M. Gonzalez, Filipino politician (d. 2014)
 1930 - Yves Trudeau, Canadian sculptor
 1931 - Franz Josef Degenhardt, German writer (d. 2011)
 1931 - Jaye P. Morgan, American singer and actress
 1932 - Corry Brokken, Dutch singer (d. 2016)
 1933 – Paul J. Crutzen, Dutch chemist
 1934 - Viktor Gorbatko, Soviet-Russian cosmonaut
 1934 - Abimael Guzman, Peruvian revolutionary and leader of the Shining Path
 1935 - Eddie Bernice Johnson, American politician
 1936 - Saburo Kawabuchi, Japanese footballer
 1937 - Bobby Allison, American racing driver
 1937 - Morgan Llywelyn, American-Irish writer
 1939 - Lee Israel, American writer and literary forger (d. 2014)
 1942 – Alice Schwarzer, German journalist, feminist and writer
 1942 - Mike England, Welsh rugby player
 1942 - Pedro Rocha, Uruguayan footballer (d. 2013)
 1943 - Kiyoshi Tomizawa, Japanese footballer
 1944 - Paul Nicholas, British actor and singer
1945 - Bozhidar Dimitrov, Bulgarian politician (d. 2018)
 1948 – Ozzy Osbourne, English singer
 1948 - Maxwell Hutchinson, English architect and broadcaster
 1948 - Ove Joensen, Faroese rower and adventurer (d. 1987)
 1949 – John Akii-Bua, Ugandan athlete (d. 1997)
 1949 - Heather Menzies, Canadian-American actress and model (d. 2017)
 1950 – Alberto Juantorena, Cuban athlete
1951  1975 
 1951 – Nicky Stevens, British singer (Brotherhood of Man)
 1952 – Mel Smith, English comedian (d. 2013)
 1953 - Franz Klammer, Austrian skier
 1955 – Warren Jeffs, American polygamist
 1955 - Alberto Tarantini, Argentine footballer
 1956 - Ewa Kopacz, former Prime Minister of Poland
 1959 - Eamonn Holmes, Northern Irish journalist
 1960 – Daryl Hannah, American actress
 1960 – Julianne Moore, American actress
 1960 - Igor Larionov, Russian ice hockey player
 1960 - Mike Ramsey, American ice hockey player
 1961 - Adal Ramones, Mexican comedian and actor
 1963 – Terri Schiavo, American patient in right-to-die case (d. 2005)
 1964 - Tosh McKinlay, Scottish footballer
 1965 - Andrew Stanton, American director, screenwriter, producer and voice actor
 1965 - Katarina Witt, German figure skater
 1966 - Flemming Povlsen, Danish footballer
 1968 – Brendan Fraser, American-Canadian actor
 1970 – Christian Karembeu, French footballer
 1970 - Lindsey Hunter, American basketball player
1971 – Ola Rapace, Swedish actor
 1971 – Frank Sinclair, Jamaican footballer
 1971 – Henk Timmer, Dutch footballer
 1971 - Keegan Connor Tracy, Canadian actress
 1973 – Holly Marie Combs, American actress
 1975 - Mickey Avalon, American rapper
From 1976 
 1976 - Byron Kelleher, New Zealand rugby player
 1977 – Adam Małysz, Polish ski jumper
 1978 - Dan Snow, British television presenter
 1979 – Daniel Bedingfield, British singer
 1980 - Anna Chlumsky, American actress
 1980 - Jenna Dewan, American actress
 1981 - Martin Canning, Scottish footballer
 1981 - Liza Lapira, American actress
 1981 – David Villa, Spanish footballer
 1982 – Michael Essien, Ghanaian footballer
 1983 - Stephen Donald, New Zealand rugby player
 1985 – Laszlo Cseh, Hungarian swimmer
 1985 - Amanda Seyfried, American actress
 1986 - Radek Smolenak, Czech ice hockey player
 1987 - Michael Angarone, American actor
 1987 – Alicia Sacramone, American gymnast
 1990 - Christian Benteke, Belgian footballer
 1990 - Takuji Yonemoto, Japanese footballer
 1992 – Joseph McManners, English actor
 1994 – Jake T. Austin, American actor
 2005 – Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway

Deaths
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 312 – Diocletian, Roman Emperor (b. 244)
 1048 – Al-Biruni, Iranian mathematician
 1154 – Pope Anastasius IV
 1265 – Odofredus, Italian jurist
 1533 – Vasili III, Grand Prince of Moscow (b. 1479)
 1552 - Saint Francis Xavier, Spanish missionary (b. 1506)
 1610 – Honda Tadakatsu, Japanese general (b. 1548)
 1765 – Lord John Philip Sackville, British cricketer (b. 1713)
 1789 – Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (b. 1714)
 1815 – John Carroll, first Roman Catholic archbishop in the U.S. (b. 1735)
 1839 – King Frederick VI of Denmark (b. 1768)
 1845 - Gregor McGregor, Scottish adventurer (b. 1786)
 1882 – Archibald Campbell Tait, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1811)
 1888 – Carl Zeiss, German lens maker (b. 1816)
 1892 – Afanasy Fet, Russian poet (b. 1820)
 1894 – Robert Louis Stevenson, British writer (b. 1850)
1901  2000 
 1902 – Robert Lawson, New Zealand architect (b. 1833)
 1910 – Mary Baker Eddy, American religious leader (b. 1821)
 1912 – Prudente José de Morais Barros, President of Brazil (b. 1841)
 1919 – Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French impressionist painter (b. 1841)
 1935 – Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom (b. 1868)
 1939 – Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll (b. 1848)
 1941 – Christian Sinding, Norwegian composer (b. 1856)
 1949 – Maria Ouspenskaya, Russian-born American actress (b. 1876)
 1956 - Mike Bandopadhyay, Indian-Bengali writer (b. 1908)
 1956 - Alexander Rodchenko, Russian painter and photographer (b. 1881)
 1972 – Bill Johnson, American musician (b. 1872)
 1973 – Emile Christian, American musician (b. 1895)
 1979 – Dhyan Chand, Indian hockey player and Olympic gold medalist (b. 1905)
 1980 – Oswald Mosley, British politician (b. 1896)
 1981 – Walter Knott, farmer and creator of Knott's Berry Farm (b. 1889)
 1984 - Vladimir Rokhlin, Soviet mathematician (b. 1919)
1987 – Luis Federico Leloir, Argentine chemist (b. 1906)
 1989 - Fernando Martín Espina, Spanish basketball player (b. 1962)
 1996 – Georges Duby, French historian specializing in the Middle Ages (b. 1919)
 1999 – Jarl Wahlström, the 12th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1918)
 1999 – Madeline Kahn, American actress and comedian (b. 1942)
 1999 – Scatman John, American singer (lung cancer) (b. 1942)
 2000 – Gwendolyn Brooks, American poet (b. 1917)
From 2001 
 2002 – Glenn Quinn, Irish actor (b. 1970)
 2003 – David Hemmings, British actor (b. 1941)
 2004 – Shiing-Shen Chern, Chinese mathematician (b. 1911)
 2004 - Maria Perschy, Austrian actress (b. 1938)
 2009 – Richard Todd, Irish-born actor (b. 1919)
 2013 - Ida Pollock, English writer and academic (b. 1908)
 2013 - Ahmed Fouad Negm, Egyptian poet (b. 1929)
 2013 - Ronald Hunter, American actor (b. 1943)
 2014 - Herman Badillo, American politician (b. 1929)
 2014 - Jacques Barrot, French politician (b. 1937)
 2014 - Sjefke Janssen, Dutch cyclist (b. 1919)
 2014 - Ian McLagan, English musician (b. 1945)
 2014 - Luc Oursel, French businessman (b. 1959)
 2014 - Giulio Questi, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1924)
 2014 - Walter Reyno, Uruguayan actor and director (b. 1935)
 2014 - Nathaniel Branden, Canadian-American psychotherapist (b. 1930)
 2015 - Scott Weiland, American musician (b. 1967)
 2017 - John B. Anderson, American lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
2017 - Adam Darius, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1930)
 2017 - Elmar Faber, German publisher (b. 1934)
 2017 - Thomas Finlay, Irish judge and politician (b. 1922)
 2017 - Kjell Opseth, Norwegian politician (b. 1936)
 2017 - Ian Twitchin, English footballer (b. 1952)
 2018 - Markus Beyer, German boxer (b. 1971)
 2018 - Andrei Bitov, Russian writer (b. 1937)
 2018 - Philip Bosco, American actor (b. 1930)
 2018 - Geoff Murphy, New Zealand film director (b. 1938)
 2018 - Josep Lluís Núñez, Spanish businessman (b. 1931)
 2019 - Rawshan Ara Bachchu, Bangladeshi activist (b. 1932)
Obeservance 
International Day for persons with Disabilities
International Day of the Basque language
Doctors' Day (Cuba)

December 03
In geometry, the diameter of a circle is a line from one side directly to the opposite side through the center. It can also be defined as the longest chord of a circle. The same explanations can be also used to describe the diameter in a sphere.

The letter d or the symbol ⌀ are often used as a symbol for the diameter. The diameter's length is often called the diameter itself.

The diameter's length is twice the radius, and therefore the relationship between the diameter's length and radius can be shown with the equations:

   and

Related pages 

 Circumference
 Pi

References 

Geometry
1958 (MCMLVIII) was .

Events 
 NASA founded
 CEE
Births 
 January 1 - Elijah Nowak, Polish doctor
 January 21 – Frank Ticheli, American composer
 February 28 – Maurice Wolin, American sex offender and former oncologist   (d. 2021)
 March 5 – Andy Gibb, English singer (d. 1988)
 March 16 - Phillip Wilcher, Australian pianist
 April 3 - Alec Baldwin, American actor
 June 7 – Prince, American singer (d. 2016)
 July 5 – Avigdor Lieberman, Israeli politician
 July 20 – Billy Mays, American television salesperson (d. 2009)
 July 31 - Bill Berry, American drummer (R.E.M.)
 August 16 – Madonna, American singer
 August 25 – Tim Burton, American movie producer and director
 August 29 – Michael Jackson, American singer (d. 2009)
 October 10 – Tanya Tucker, American country singer
 October 27 – Simon Le Bon, English singer (Duran Duran)
 October 30 – Stefan Dennis, Australian actor
 November 22 – Jamie Lee Curtis, American actress
 November 28 – Shaun Prendergast, English actor
 November 30 – Stacey Q, American singer & actress
Deaths 
 January 1 – Edward Weston, American photographer (b. 1886)
 January 8 – Paul Pilgrim, American athlete (b. 1883)
 January 11 – Edna Purviance, American actress (b. 1895)
 January 30 – Jean Crotti, Swiss artist (b. 1878)
 February 1 – Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
 February 4 – Henry Kuttner, American writer (b. 1915)
 February 13 – Christabel Pankhurst, English suffragette (b. 1880)
 March 21 – Cyril M. Kornbluth, American writer (b. 1923)
 March 22 – Mike Todd, American movie producer (b. 1909)
 March 25 – Tom Brown, American musician (b. 1888)
 March 26 – Phil Mead, English cricketer (b. 1887)
 March 28 – W.C. Handy, American composer (b. 1873)
 16 April – Rosalind Franklin, British crystallographer (b. 1920)
 April 19 – Billy Meredith, Welsh footballer (b. 1874)
 May 3 – Frank Foster, English cricketer (b. 1889)
 May 12 - Irma Sèthe, Belgian violinist (b. 1876)
 May 19 –  Ronald Colman, English actor (b. 1891)
May 29 – Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
 June 20 – Kurt Alder, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
 June 26 – George Orton, Canadian athlete (b. 1876)
 July 14 – King Faisal II of Iraq (b. 1935)
 August 14 – Frédéric Joliot, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1900)
August 22 – Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
 August 27 – Ernest Lawrence, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1901)
 October 9 – Pope Pius XII (b. 1876)
 October 17 – Charlie Townsend, English cricketer (b. 1876)
November 24 – Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, English politician and diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1864)
 November 27 – Artur Rodzinski, Croatian conductor (b. 1892)
 December 8 – Tris Speaker, baseball player (b. 1888)
 December 15 – Wolfgang Ernst Pauli, Austrian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)
 September 29 – Aarre Merikanto, Finnish composer
Movies released 
 Auntie Mame
 Cat on a Hot Roof
 Gigi
 Hidden Fortress
 Hercules starring bodybuilder Steve Reeves
 South Pacific
 Vertigo (movie)

Hit Songs
"All I Have to Do Is Dream" – Everly Brothers
"Rebel Rouser" – Duane Eddy
"To Know Him Is to Love Him" – Teddy Bears
"Johnny B. Goode" – Chuck Berry
"The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)" – The Chipmunks with David Seville
New Books
The Affluent Society  –  John Kenneth Galbraith
Anatomy of a Murder  –  Robert Traver
Around the World with Auntie Mame – Patrick Dennis
Balthazar – Lawrence Durrell
Bird of Fire – Helen White
Breakfast at Tiffany's – Truman Capote
Candy – Maxwell Kenton
Crazy in Berlin – Thomas Berger
Culture and Society 1780-1950 – Raymond Williams
The Dharma Bums – Jack Kerouac
Dr. No  –  Ian Fleming
The Enemy Camp – Jerome Weidman
The Fly – James Clavell
A Fly Went By – Mike McClintock
From the Terrace  –  John O'Hara
I Like It Here – Kingsley Amis
Ice Palace  –  Edna Ferber
The Leopard – Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
Masters of Deceit – J. Edgar Hoover
Our Man in Havana – Graham Greene
Playback – Raymond Chandler
The Red Sea Sharks – Hergé
Red Alert – Peter George
Venetia – Georgette Heyer
Victorine – Frances Parkinson Keyes
The Winthrop Woman  –  Anya Seton
Things Fall Apart – Chinua Achebe
Yertle the Turtle and Other Stories – Dr. Seuss
Young Caesar – Rex Warner
Events 
 Albert Einstein receives the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 Irish Civil War (1921-1924)

Births

January 

 January 5 – Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 2019)
 January 17 – Antonio Prohias Cuban-American cartoonist (d. 1998)
 January 19 – Patricia Highsmith, American writer (d. 1995)
 January 27 - Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)
 January 29 – Mustafa Ben Halim, 3rd Prime Minister of Libya (d. 2021)
 January 31 – Carol Channing, American actress and singer (d. 2019)

February 

 February 4 – Betty Friedan, American feminist, activist, and writer (d. 2006)
 February 4 – K. R. Narayanan, President of India (d. 2005)
 February 8 – Lana Turner, American actress (d. 1995)
 February 16 - Hua Guofeng, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (d. 2008)
 February 20 – Suharto, 2nd President of Indonesia (d. 2008)
 February 22 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, 2nd President of the Central African Republic (d. 1996)

March
March 

 March 21 – Abdul Salam Arif, 2nd President of Iraq (d. 1966)
 March 24 – Vasily Smyslov, Russian chess player (d. 2010)
 March 25 – Nancy Kelly, American actress (d. 1995)

April 

 April 9 - Yitzhak Navon, 5th President of Israel (d. 2015)
 April 14 – Thomas Schelling, American economist (d. 2016)
 April 25 – Karel Appel, Belgian artist (d. 2006)

May 

 May 2 – Satyajit Ray, Indian movie maker (d. 1992)
 May 3 – Sugar Ray Robinson, American boxer (d. 1989)
 May 21 – Andrei Sakharov, Soviet physicist and activist (d. 1989)
 May 25 – Jack Steinberger, German-American physicist (d. 2020)

June 

 June 10 – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, member of the British royal family, husband of Queen Elizabeth II (d. 2021)
 June 21 – Jane Russell, American actress (d. 2011)

July
July 

 July 6 – Nancy Reagan, First Lady of the United States (d. 2016)
 July 14 – Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist (d. 1996)
 July 18 – John Glenn, American astronaut and politician (d. 2016)
 July 24 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian operatic tenor (d. 2008)

August 

 August 8 – Esther Williams, American swimmer and actress (d. 2013)

September 

 September 1 – Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch writer (d. 1995)
 September 30 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (d. 2007)
 September 30 – Sagramor de Scuvero Brandão, Brazilian actress, radio personality and councillor (d. 1995)

October 

 October 4 – Francisco Morales-Bermúdez, 112th Prime Minister and 51st President of Peru (d. 2022)
 October 19 – Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer (d. 1995)

November 

 November 27 – Alexander Dubček, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (d. 1992)

December 

 December 26 – Steve Allen, American actor, comedian, composer, and writer (d. 2000)

Deaths

January

February
January

February

March 
 March 1 – King Nicholas I of Montenegro (b. 1841)

April

May

June

July 
 July 4 – Antoni Grabowski, early proponent of Esperanto (b. 1857)

August 
 August 2 – Enrico Caruso, Italian operatic tenor (b. 1873)
 August 16 – Peter I of Serbia (b. 1844)

September

October

November

December

Sports 
Kentucky Derby winner, Behave Yourself
Births
 January 3 – J. R. R. Tolkien
 February 10 - Alan Hale Sr., American actor (d. 1950)
 July 23 – Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia
 Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, British Indian statesman and leader of the Punjab.

Art, music, theatre, and literature 
 December 17 – Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker premieres in St Petersburg.
1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar.

Events 
 January 4 – In Gonzales v. Williams, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that citizens of Puerto Rico are not aliens and could enter the United States freely.

Births 
 January 18 – Cary Grant, English actor (d. 1986)
 April 22 – Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (d. 1967)
 May 11 – Salvador Dalí, Spanish artist (d. 1989)
 June 2 – Johnny Weissmuller, American swimmer and actor (d. 1984)
 June 17 – Ralph Bellamy, American actor and comedian (d. 1987)
 June 26 – Peter Lorre, Hungarian-born movie actor (d. 1964)
 August 12 – Tsarevich Alexei of Russia (d. 1918)

Deaths 
 May 1 – Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer (b. 1841)
 July 15 – Anton Chekhov, Russian writer (b. 1860)

 

nv:1901 – 1950
.

Events
 January 4 – The Communist forces of North Korea and China seize the city of Seoul.
 Bette Nesmith Graham invents Liquid Paper
Births 
 January 6 – Kim Wilson, blues singer and harmonica player
 January 7 - Helen Worth, English actress
 January 12 – Kirstie Alley, actress
Rush Limbaugh, radio personality
Larry Hoppen, American singer-songwriter and musician (Orleans) (d. 2012)
 January 30 – Phil Collins, English musician (Genesis)
 January 31 - Harry Wayne Casey, American keyboardist (KC & the Sunshine Band)
 February 6 – Princess Daphné of Belgium
 February 14 – Kevin Keegan, English footballer and football manager
 February 15 – Melissa Manchester, singer
 February 15 – Jane Seymour, actress
 February 18 – Dale Earnhardt, American racing car driver (d. 2001)
 February 19 – Tahir-ul-Qadri, Islamic scholar and leader
 February 20 – Gordon Brown, Scottish politician
 February 25 – Don Quarrie, Jamaican sprinter
 March 4 – Kenny Dalglish Scottish footballer and football manager
 March 4 – Chris Rea, British singer and musician
 March 8 – Karen Kain, Canadian ballerina
 March 17 – Kurt Russell, actor
March 24 – Tommy Hilfiger, fashion designer
 April 13 – Peter Davison, actor
 April 13 - Peabo Bryson, American singer
 April 21 - David Mallett, American folk musician
 April 25 - Fred Hubbell, politician
 April 27 – Ace Frehley, American musician (Kiss)
 April 30 - Ken Whiteley, Canadian folk musician
 May 15 - Dennis Frederiksen, American singer (Toto) (d. 2014)
 June 12 - Bun E. Carlos, American drummer (Cheap Trick)
 August 13 – Dan Fogelberg, American musician (d. 2007)
 August 19 - John Deacon, English bass guitarist (Queen)
 October 2 - Sting, English bass guitarist (The Police)
 November 14 - Stephen Bishop, American singer-songwriter
 December 1 – Jaco Pastorius, American jazz bassist (d. 1987)
 December 31 - Tom Hamilton, American bass guitarist (Aerosmith)
People who were born in this year but their day of birth is unknown
 Lee Cornes, English stand-up comedian

Deaths
 January 30 – Ferdinand Porsche, German car designer
 February 12 – Choudhary Rahmat Ali, Pakistani student
 April 9 – Sadegh Hedayat
 July 13 – Arnold Schoenberg

Movies released
A Streetcar Named Desire
The African Queen
Calamity Jane
Flying Leathernecks
The Thing From Another World
No Highway
Alice in Wonderland
On the Riviera
The Day the Earth Stood Still
When Worlds Collide
Bedtime for Bonzo
Miss Julie
Strangers on a Train
Rashomon
Miracle in Milan
The Lavender Hill Mob
An American in Paris
Death of a Salesman
Gerald McBoing-Boing
The Man in the White Suit
A Place in the Sun
The Big Carnival
Hit Songs
"Aba Daba Honeymoon" – Debbie Reynolds & Carleton Carpenter
"Because" – Mario Lanza
"Because Of You" – Tony Bennett
"Belle, Belle, My Liberty Belle" – Guy Mitchell
"Blue Tango" – Leroy Anderson & his Orchestra
"Cold, Cold Heart" – Tony Bennett
"Come On-A My House" – Rosemary Clooney
"Cry" – Johnnie Ray & The Four Lads
"Detour" – Patti Page
"Down The Trail Of Achin' Hearts" – Patti Page
"Down Yonder" – Del Wood
"Down Yonder" – Champ Butler
"Flamenco" – Frankie Laine
"Gambella (The Gamblin' Lady)" – Frankie Laine & Jo Stafford
"The Gang That Sang Heart Of My Heart" – Frankie Laine
"Get Happy" – Frankie Laine
"Get Out Those Old Records" – Guy Lombardo (The Lombardo Trio vocals)
"The Girl In The Wood" – Frankie Laine
"Give Me Time" – Johnnie Ray
"Gone Fishin'" – Bing Crosby & Louis Armstrong
"Got Him Off My Hands" – Georgia Gibbs
"Hello, Young Lovers" – Perry Como
"Hello, Young Lovers" – Guy Lombardo (Kenny Martin vocals)
"Hey, Good Lookin'" – Frankie Laine & Jo Stafford
"The Hot Canary" – Florian Zabach
"How High The Moon" – Les Paul and Mary Ford
"I Tawt I Taw A Puddy Tat" – Mel Blanc
"If" – Perry Como
"It Is No Secret" – Bill Kenny & The Song Spinners
"It's All In the Game" – Tommy Edwards
"It's Beginning To Look A Lot Like Christmas" – Perry Como & The Fontane Sisters
"Jealousy (Jalousie)" – Frankie Laine
"Jezebel" – Frankie Laine
"The Little White Cloud That Cried" – Johnnie Ray & The Four Lads
"The Loveliest Night Of The Year" – Mario Lanza
"Lullaby Of Broadway" – Doris Day
"Mister And Mississippi" – Patti Page
"Mockin' Bird Hill" – Patti Page
"My Heart Cries For You" – Dinah Shore
"My Truly, Truly Fair" – Guy Mitchell
"On Top Of Old Smoky" – The Weavers with Terry Gilkyson
"Once Upon A Nickel" – Georgia Gibbs
"One For My Baby" – Frankie Laine
"Paths Of Paradise" – Johnnie Ray
"Pretty-Eyed Baby" – Jo Stafford & Frankie Laine
"Red Sails In The Sunset" – Nat King Cole
"Rose, Rose I Love You" – Frankie Laine
"Shanghai" – Doris Day
"Sin" – Eddie Howard & his Orchestra
"Sound Off (The Duckworth Chant)" – Vaughn Monroe
"The Sparrow In The Treetop" – Guy Mitchell
"A Sunday Kind Of Love" – Jo Stafford
"Sweet Violets" – Dinah Shore
"The Syncopated Clock" – Leroy Anderson & his Orchestra
"Tell Me" – Doris Day
"Tell Me Why" – The Four Aces featuring Al Alberts
"Tell The Lady I Said Goodbye" – Johnnie Ray
"Tom's Tune" – Georgia Gibbs
"Too Young" – Nat King Cole
"Undecided" – The Ames Brothers
"When It's Sleep Time Down South" – Frankie Laine
"While You Danced, Danced, Danced" – Georgia Gibbs
"The World Is Waiting For The Sunrise" – Les Paul and Mary Ford
New Books
The Balance Wheel – Taylor Caldwell
The Blessing – Nancy Mitford
Boy at the Window – Owen Dodson
The Caine Mutiny   –  Herman Wouk
The Catcher in the Rye – J.D. Salinger
The Cruel Sea  –  Nicholas Monsarrat
The Daughter of Time – Josephine Tey
The Day of the Triffids – John Wyndham
Foundation  –  Isaac Asimov
The Foundling –  Cardinal Spellman
From Here to Eternity   –  James Jones
Galactic Storm – Gill Hunt
Lie Down In Darkness – William Styron
Log from the Sea of Cortez – John Steinbeck
The Loved and the Lost – Morley Callaghan
Mémoires d'Hadrien – Marguerite Yourcenar
Moses –  Sholem Asch
My Cousin Rachel  –  Daphne du Maurier
Prince Caspian – C. S. Lewis
A Question of Upbringing – Anthony Powell
Return to Paradise  –  James A. Michener
Spartacus – Howard Fast
Tempest-Tost – Robertson Davies
The Wanderer – Mika Waltari
A Woman Called Fancy –  Frank Yerby

References
Events 
On September 2, the Puritans force the London theatres to close, ending the era of English Renaissance drama.

Births 
 December 25 (OS) – Sir Isaac Newton, English scientist (d. 1727)

Deaths 
 January 8 – Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer (b. 1564)
1745 was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar.

Events
 June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys the Austrian army at the Battle of Hohenfriedberg.
 August 21 – Catherine the Great marries Peter III of Russia in Saint Petersburg.
 September 12 – Francis I is elected Holy Roman Emperor.

 January 4 – Benjamin Rush
Year 1813 (MDCCCXIII) was a year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1813

January – March 
 February 11 – Fort Meigs: Leftwich is not successful, and when he leaves, Major Amos Stoddard takes the command of the post.
 February 26 – The Secretary of War orders Colonel R. M. Johnson to get ready a group of mounted volunteers who will serve from 4–6 months after being called into active service.
 February late– General Harrison sends out an expedition to burn the British vessels at Malden by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is not hard enough and the expedition returns.
 March 22 – Col. R. M. Johnson puts out an order for raising a regiment of mounted volunteers in Kentucky.
April – June 
 April 8 –  Colonel James Ball arrives at Fort Meigs with 200 dragoons.
 April 27 - War of 1812: Battle of York - United States troops raid, destroy, but do not hold the capital of Ontario, York (present day Toronto, Ontario).
 May 2 – Napoleon wins the Battle of Lützen
 May 11– Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworh left on an expedition to cross the Blue Mountains
 May 20-May 21 – Napoleon wins the Battle of Bautzen
 May 27 – War of 1812: In Canada, United States forces capture Fort George.
 June 6 – War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek – A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeat an American force three times its size under William Winder and John Chandler. Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Wentworh succeeded in crossing the Blue Mountains and returned home.
July – September 
 July 5 – War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
 July 13 – Missionaries Adoniram Judson and his wife Ann Hasseltine Judson arrive in Burma (now Myanmar).
 August 19 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second three-person-rule.
 August 23 – Battle of Großbeeren
 August 26 – Battle of Katzbach
 August 26-August 27 – Napoleon wins the Battle of Dresden
 August 29-August 30 – Napoleon's troops defeated at Kulm
 September – Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate of Britain
 September 6 – Battle of Dennewitz
 September 10 – War of 1812: Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British fleet in the Battle of Lake Erie
October – December 
 October 5 – War of 1812: William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the Battle of the Thames, native leader Tecumseh was killed in battle
 October 14 – After a ceremony in Caracas, Venezuela, the municipality gives Simón Bolívar the title of El Libertador.
 October 16-October 19 – Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Leipzig
 October 24-November 5 – Persia and Russia sign the Treaty of Gulistan of 1813 at the end of the first Russo-Persian Wars (1804-1813) by which Persia (Iran) loses all its territories to the north of Aras River to the Russians.
 October 25 – War of 1812: Charles de Salaberry defeats an American invasion at the Battle of Chateauguay
 November 11 – War of 1812: the Americans are defeated at the Battle of Crysler's Farm
 November 21 – An independent government is restored in the Netherlands.
 December 29 – War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York
Undated 
 Russian troops reach and take Berlin without a fight after the French garrison evacuated (sent everyone out) the city.
 Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking Trait des poisons, formalizing the field of toxicology.
 George Hamilton-Gordon serves as ambassador expert in Vienna.
 After the death of his father Wossen Seged, Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of Shewa.
 The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania is founded. It is the oldest continuously existing literary society in the United States.

Ongoing events 
 Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815)-Peninsular War/Sixth Coalition
 War of 1812 (1812-1815)
Births 
 January 19 – Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898)
 January 21 – John C. Frémont, American soldier and explorer (d. 1890)
 January 26 – Juan Pablo Duarte, Founder of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876)
 February 11 – Otto Ludwig, German writer (d. 1865)
 February 15 – Frederick Holbrook, Vermont governor (d. 1909)
 March 18 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d. 1863)
 March 19 – David Livingstone, English missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
 March 21 – James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader (d. 1856)
 March 27 – Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d. 1888)
 April 23 – Stephen A. Douglas, U.S. Senator from Illinois and Presidential candidate (d. 1861)
 May 5 – Soren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (d. 1855)
 May 21 – Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d. 1843)
 May 22 – Richard Wagner, German composer (d. 1883)
 June 24 – Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman and reformer (d. 1887)
 July 19 – Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist (d. 1874)
September 17 – John Sedgwick, Union Army General, American Civil War (d. 1864)
 October 10 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d. 1901)
 October 17 – Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837)
 December 13 – David Spangler Kaufman, U.S. Congressman from Texas (d. 1851)
 December 19 – Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (d.1885)
Unknown dates
 Abbas I, Pasha of Egypt (d. 1854)
 John Miley, American Methodist theologian (d. 1895)
 Gerardo Barrios, President of El Salvador (d. 1865)
Deaths 
 January 6 – Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (born 1764)
 January 20 – Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer (born 1733)
 February 13 – Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (born 1725)
 February 26 – Robert Linvingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (born 1746)
 April 10 – Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician (born 1746)
 April 27 – Zebulon Pike, American general (born 1779)
 April 28 – Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (born 1745)
 May 1 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (killed in combat) (born 1768)
 May 23 – Geraud Duroc, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (born 1772)
 June 6 – Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (born 1739)
 June 17 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (born 1726)
 June 28 – Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (born 1755)
 July 29 – Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (suicide) (born 1771)
 August 11 – Henry James Pye, English poet (born 1745)
August 15-Abigail Amelia, First born daughter Of John and Abigail Adams (born 1765)
 August 23 – Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (born 1766)
 September 2 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (born 1763)
 October 5 – Tecumseh, Shawnee leader
 October 19 – Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (born 1763)
 November 12 – Jean de Crévecoeur, French-American writer (born 1735)
 December 24 – Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (born 1740)
Unknown dates

 Wossen Seged, Meridazmach of Shewa (murdered) (born 1808)

1813
Events 
 January 10 – a fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London.
 April 30 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation (See Nicaragua's early history)
 May – The People's Charter drawn up in the United Kingdom demanding universal suffrage.
 May 26 – USA: Trail of Tears – forced relocation of the Cherokee tribe, killing at least 8,000.
 1 August – Trinidad and Tobago: Slavery officially abolished
 7 September – The paddlesteamer Forfarshire foundered on the Farne Islands, UK, giving rise to the fame of Grace Darling, who rescued nine passengers.
 November 3 India: The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce is founded. This paper was later renamed to The Times of India in 1861
 November 5 – Central American Civil War begins with Honduras' separation from the Central American Federation.
 December – Beginning of Pastry War: Mexico invaded by French forces
Births 
 January 4 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer and entertainer (d. 1883)
 January 6 – Max Bruch, German composer (d. 1920)
 January 16 – Franz Brentano, German philosopher and psychologist (d. 1917)
 February 6 – Henry Irving, English actor (d. 1905)
 February 10 – Gustav Oelwein, founder of Oelwein, Iowa (d. 1913)
 February 18 – Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist and philosopher
 March 3 – George William Hill, American astronomer
 April 3 – John Willis Menard, African-American politician
 April 8 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German inventor
 April 12 – John Shaw Billings, M.D., American military and medical leader
 April 16 – Martha McClellan Brown, American temperance movement leader
 May 10 – John Wilkes Booth, the man who killed United States President Abraham Lincoln.
 May 20 – Jules Méline, French statesman
 September 23 - Victoria Woodhull - the first woman to be up for candidate for the President of the United States.
 September 28 – Sai Baba of Shirdi, Indian national saint (d. 1918)
Deaths 
 January 3 – Prince Maximilian of Saxony
 January 5 – Anthony Van Egmond, rebel leader in Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 {died in jail}
 February 21 – Silvestre de Sacy, linguist
 March 13 – Poul Martin Møller, philosopher
 April 9 – Piet Uys, Voortrekker leader (in battle)
 May 17 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, French diplomat
 July 19 – Christmas Evans, preacher
 August 17 – Lorenzo Da Ponte, librettist for Mozart
 August 21 – Adelbert von Chamisso, German writer
 September 1 – William Clark, American explorer
 October 1 – Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and industrialist
 November 21 – Georges Mouton, count of Lobau, Marshal of France
Events 
 March 3 – In Sweden, a time bomb destroys the office of Norrskenflamman newspaper of Swedish communists – 5 dead
 March 5- Members of Soviet politburo: Stalin, Molotov, Lazar Kaganovich, Mikhail Kalinin, Kliment Voroshilov and Lavrenty Beria himself, signed execution order prepared by Beria & Stalin. Over 25700 Polish intelligentsia, including over 22000 Polish POW, known also as Katyn massacre were slaughtered.
 March 12 – Soviet Union and Finland sign a peace treaty in Moscow ending the Winter War. Finns, and the World opinion, shocked by the harsh terms.
 March 18 – World War II: Axis powers – Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom.
 March 21 - Édouard Daladier resigns as prime minister of France. He is replaced by Paul Reynaud.
 April 4 – Prime minister of Greece, Aleksandros Korizis, shoots himself – initial official explanation is "heart attack"
April 7 – Booker T. Washington becomes the first African American to be depicted on a United States postage stamp.
 April 9 – World War II: Germany invades Denmark and Norway in operation Weserübung. The British campaign in Norway is simultaneously commenced.
 April 23 – Rhythm Night Club burns in Natchez, Mississippi – 198 dead.
 May 4 – Nazi Germany opens Auschwitz concentration camp
 May 10 - World War II: Germany invades the Netherlands and Belgium.
 May 10 - Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
 May 10 - World War II: British troops land on Iceland.
 June 4 - World War II: British troops are evacuated from Dunkirk.
 August 20 - Leon Trotsky is wounded with an ice pick, dying the next day.
 November 5 - Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected to a record third term as President of the United States.
 December 30 – California opens the first freeway.
Births 
 January 2 - Jim Bakker, American televangelist
 January 4 - Gao Xingjian, Chinese-born French writer
 January 21 - Jack Nicklaus, American golfer
 January 22 - John Hurt, British actor
 January 24 - Joachim Gauck, President of Germany
 January 28 - Carlos Slim, Mexican businessman
 February 2 - David Jason, British actor
 February 6 - Tom Brokaw, American television journalist
 February 7 - Tony Tan Keng Yam, President of Singapore
 February 9 - J. M. Coetzee, South African writer
 February 10 - Kenny Rankin, pop and jazz singer and songwriter
 February 17 - Gene Pitney, American singer (d. 2006)
 February 19 - Smokey Robinson, American singer
 February 19 - Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan (d. 2006)
 February 20 - Jimmy Greaves, English footballer
 February 23 – Peter Fonda, American actor (d. 2019)
 February 27 - Bill Hunter, Australian actor (d. 2011)
 February 28 - Mario Andretti, Italian-born racing driver
 March 2 - Billy McNeill, Scottish footballer
March 7 - Rudi Dutschke, German student leader (d. 1979)
 March 10 - Chuck Norris, American actor
 March 12 - Al Jarreau, American musician
 March 16 - Bernardo Bertolucci, Italian movie director
 March 24 – Bob Mackie, clothing designer
 March 26 - Nancy Pelosi, American politician
 March 26 - James Caan, American actor
 March 28 - Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer (d. 2013)
 April 1 - Wangari Maathai, Kenyan environmental and political activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner (d. 2011)
 April 12 - Herbie Hancock, American musician
 April 15 - Jeffrey Archer, British politician and writer
 April 16 – Margrethe II of Denmark, Queen of Denmark
 April 18 - Joseph L. Goldstein, American biochemist and geneticist
 April 20 - James Gammon, American actor (d. 2010)
 April 25 – Al Pacino, American actor
 April 26 - Giorgio Moroder, Italian composer
 May 4 - Sean Barrett, English actor
 May 8 - Peter Benchley, American writer (d. 2006)
 May 8 - Toni Tennille, American singer (Captain & Tennille)
May 9 - James L. Brooks, American producer and writer
 May 20 – Stan Mikita, Retired Slovakian-Canadian professional ice hockey player
 May 20 - Sadaharu Oh, Japanese baseball player
 May 21 - Tony Sheridan, English musician (d. 2013)
 May 24 - Joseph Brodsky, Russian writer (d. 1996)
 May 26 - Levon Helm, American musician and actor (The Band) (d. 2012)
 May 28 - Maeve Binchy, Irish writer (d. 2012)
 May 29 - Farooq Leghari, President of Pakistan (d. 2010)
 June 7 – Tom Jones, Welsh singer
 June 8 - Nancy Sinatra, American singer
 June 23 - Adam Faith, British singer (d. 2003)
 June 28 - Muhammad Yunus, Bangladeshi Nobel Peace Prize winner
 July 2 - Kenneth Clarke, British politician
 July 3 – Jerzy Buzek, Polish politician
 July 3 - Fontella Bass, American singer (d. 2012)
 July 7 – Ringo Starr, British musician, actor (The Beatles)
 July 13 - Patrick Stewart, British actor
 July 15 - Robert Winstone, British scientist
 July 27 - Pina Bausch, German choreographer (d. 2009)
August 3 - Martin Sheen, American actor
 August 16 - Bruce Beresford, Australian director
 August 26 - Don LaFontaine, American actor (d. 2008)
 September 5 - Raquel Welch, American actress
 September 7 - Abdurrahman Wahid, President of Indonesia (d. 2009)
 September 20 - Taro Aso, former Prime Minister of Japan
 September 21 - Rick May, Canadian-American voice actor (d. 2020)
 September 29 – John Miszuk, retired Polish professional ice hockey player
 October 9 – John Lennon, British musician (The Beatles) (died 1980)
 October 14 - Cliff Richard, British singer (Cliff Richard And The Shadows)
 October 19 - Michael Gambon, British actor
 October 21 - Manfred Mann, musician (Manfred Mann)
 October 23 - Pele, Brazilian footballer
 November 5 - Anthony Rolfe Johnson, British tenor (d. 2010)
 November 10 - Screaming Lord Sutch, British musician and politician (d. 1999)
 November 15 - Sam Waterston, American actor
 November 18 - Qaboos, Sultan of Oman (d. 2020)
 November 21 - Doctor John, American musician
November 22 – Terry Gilliam, American-born British animator, movie maker
 November 27 - Bruce Lee, American actor and martial artist (d. 1973)
 November 29 - Denny Doherty, Canadian singer and musician (The Mamas & the Papas) (d. 2007)
 December 1 – Richard Pryor, American actor and comedian (d. 2005)
 December 12 – Dionne Warwick, American singer
 December 18 - Bram Morrison, Canadian singer and musician (Sharon, Lois & Bram)
 December 21 - Frank Zappa, American musician (d. 1993)
 December 28 - Don Francisco, Chilean television host
Deaths 
 January 4 – Flora Finch, English-born actress and comedienne (b. 1869)
 January 18 – Kazimierz Tetmajer, Polish poet and writer (b. 1865)
 January 27 – Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (b. 1894)
 February 11 – John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, Governor General of Canada (b. 1875)
 March 10 – Mikhaïl Boulgakov, Russian writer (b. 1891)
 March 16 – Selma Lagerlöf, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1858)
 March 20 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician, biologist, and eugenicist (b. 1860)
 March 31 – Tinsley Lindley, English footballer (b. 1865)
 April 26 – Carl Bosch, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
 May 15 – Menno ter Braak, Dutch writer (b. 1902)
 May 20 – Verner von Heidenstam, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
 May 25 – Joe De Grasse, Canadian movie director (b. 1873)
 May 28 – Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse (b. 1868)
 June 10 – Marcus Garvey, Jamaican-born publisher, entrepreneur, and black nationalist (b. 1887)
June 17 – Arthur Harden, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
 June 21 – Smedley Butler, U.S. general (b. 1881)
 June 29 – Paul Klee, Swiss artist (b. 1879)
 July 15 – Robert Pershing Wadlow, tallest man in the world (infection) (b. 1918)
 August 8 – Johnny Dodds, American jazz clarinettist (b. 1892)
 August 18 – Walter Chrysler, American automobile pioneer (b. 1875)
 August 21 – Leon Trotsky, Russian revolutionary (b. 1879)
 August 22 – Mary Vaux Walcott, American artist and naturalist (b. 1860)
 August 30 – J.J. Thomson, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1856)
 October 10 – Berton Churchill, Canadian actor (b. 1876)
 November 9 – Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1869)
 December 5 – Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist (b. 1880)
 December 19 – Kyösti Kallio, President of Finland (b. 1873)
 December 21 – F. Scott Fitzgerald, American writer (b. 1896)
 December 25 – Agnes Ayres, American actress (b. 1898)
Events 
 January 1 – World War II: The term "United Nations" is first officially used to describe the Allied pact.
 January 2 – World War II: Manila is captured by Japanese forces. The Japanese Admiral stays in Solvec (owned by Charles Henry de Silva), Philippines.
 January 5 – Amy Johnson disappears in flight over River Thames estuary – assumed drowned.
 January 6 – Pan American Airlines becomes the first commercial airline to have a flight go around the world.
 January 7 – World War II: Siege of the Bataan Peninsula begins.
 January 11 – World War II: Japan declares war on the Netherlands and invades the Netherlands East Indies.
 January 11 – World War II: The Japanese capture Kuala Lumpur.
 January 12 – President Franklin Roosevelt creates the National War Labor Board.
 January 13 – Henry Ford patents a plastic automobile, which is 30% lighter than a regular car.
 January 16 – Airplane crashes near Las Vegas. Dead include Carole Lombard and her mother.
January 19 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Burma.
 January 20 – World War II: Nazis at the Wannsee conference in Berlin decide that the "final solution to the Jewish problem" is relocation, and later extermination.
 January 25 – World War II: Thailand declares war on the United States and United Kingdom.
 January 26 – World War II: The first American forces arrive in Europe landing in Northern Ireland.
 July 6 - The family of Anne Frank goes into hiding at the secret annex in Amsterdam.
 October 23 - World War II: Battle of El Alamein
Births 
 January 8 - Stephen Hawking, British physicist (d. 2018)
 January 17 – Muhammad Ali, American boxer (d. 2016)
 January 23 - Brian Croucher, British actor
 January 25 - Eusebio, Portuguese footballer
 January 27 - Stewart Raffill, British writer and director
 February 2 - Graham Nash, British singer-songwriter and guitarist (Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young)
 February 9 - Carole King, American pianist
 February 12 – Huey Newton, Black Panther
 February 13 - Peter Tork, American keyboardist (The Monkees) (d. 2019)
 February 21 - Margarethe von Trotta, German movie director
 February 28 - Dino Zoff, Italian footballer
 March 5 - Felipe Gonzalez, former Prime Minister of Spain
 March 8 – Jan Vyčítal, Czech musician
 March 17 - John Wayne Gacy, American serial killer (d. 1994; executed)
 March 24 - Stephen Yardley, British actor (Howards' Way)
 March 25 - Aretha Franklin, American singer (d. 2018)
 April 1 - Philip Margo, American singer (The Tokens)
April 16 - Frank Williams, British Formula One team principal
 April 20 - Arto Paasilinna, Finnish writer
 April 24 - Barbra Streisand, American singer
 May 22 - Theodore Kaczynski, American serial bomber (unabomber)
 June 1 - Eric Nagler, Canadian children’s musician
 June 7 - Muammar Gaddafi, Libyan leader (d. 2011)
 June 18 – Roger Ebert, American movie critic (d. 2013)
 June 18 – Sir Paul McCartney, British musician (The Beatles)
 June 20 - Brian Wilson, American singer-songwriter (The Beach Boys)
 July 6 - Izora Armstead, American singer (The Weather Girls) (d. 2004)
 July 9 – Richard Roundtree, American Actor (d. 2023)
 July 13 - Harrison Ford, American actor
 August 1 - Michael Martchenko, Canadian illustrator
 August 2 - Isabel Allende, Chilean novelist
 August 7 – B.J. Thomas, singer
 August 27 - Daryl Dragon, American songwriter (Captain & Tennille) (d. 2019)
 September 29 - Madeline Kahn, American actress (d. 1999)
 October 31 – David Ogden Stiers, American actor