Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Alexander Duncan "Alec" McCowen CBE (May 26, 1925 – February 6, 2017) was an English movie, television, stage, radio, and voice actor who was known for his roles in Frenzy, Gangs of New York, Never Say Never Again, The Age of Innocence, and in Travels with My Aunt.

McCowen was born on May 26, 1925 in Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent. He was raised in London, England. McCowen studied at Skinner's School and at the Royal Academy of the Dramatic Arts. He was gay. His partner, Geoffrey Burridge died from AIDS in 1987.

McCowen died at his home in London, England on February 6, 2017, aged 91.

References

Other websites

1925 births
2017 deaths
Actors from Kent
Actors who played Q
English LGBT people
English movie actors
English radio actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Gay men
LGBT actors
Bill Tarmey (born William Piddington GBE; 4 April 1941 – 9 November 2012) was an English actor, singer,  author, and comedian, he was best known for playing the role of Jack Duckworth in the long-running ITV soap opera, Coronation Street, first playing the role in 1979, he played the role regularly from 1983 to 2010.

Tarmey was born on 4 April 1941 in Ardwick, Manchester, England. He was married to Alma Tarmey from 1962 until his death in 2012. They had a son and daughter. Tarmey died on the morning of 9 November 2012 in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain from a heart attack, aged 71.

References

Other websites

1941 births
2012 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English television actors
English movie actors
English singers
English stage actors
English voice actors
English writers
Actors from Manchester
Musicians from Manchester
Stanley Tucci (born November 11, 1960) is an American character actor, writer, producer and film director who is known for his roles in Winchell and in The Lovely Bones. He has won two Golden Globe Awards and two Emmy Awards.

Tucci was born on November 11, 1960 in Peekskill, New York. He was raised in Katonah, New York. He studied at John Jay High School and at SUNY Purchase. Tucci was married to Kathryn Spath from 1995 until her death in 2009. Then he was married to Felicity Blunt since 2012. He has three children with Spath. He currently lives in London.

References

Other websites

 
 

1960 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York (state)
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
People from Peekskill, New York
Mia Wasikowska (born 14 October 1989) is an Australian movie, television, and voice actress who is mostly known for her role as Alice in Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland. She is also known for her television role as Sophie in In Treatment.

Early life 
Wasikowska was born and raised in Canberra, Australia. She has an older sister named Jess, and a younger brother named Kai. Her mother, Marzena Wasikowska, is a photographer from Poland while her father, John Reid, is an Australian painter-and-collagist. As a child, she frequently accompanied her parents on their gallery rounds in Europe, and in her spare time, she continues to enjoy photography. She studied ballet as a child and turned to acting when she was 15.
After some television and movie works in Australia, Wasikowska moved to Los Angeles to be in the cable drama In Treatment. Her portrayal of a suicidal teen earned critical praise and led to more work in American movies, including Defiance and Amelia. In Tim Burton's Alice, Wasikowska co-starred with Johnny Depp, Anne Hathaway, Helena Bonham Carter and carried a blockbuster movie, appearing in almost every scene. She won an AFI International Award, a Teen Choice Award and nominated an Empire Award for her performance. In 2009, it was announced that Wasikowska was cast in the Lisa Cholodenko-directed indie comedy film The Kids Are All Right alongside Annette Bening, Julianne Moore, Josh Hutcherson and Mark Ruffalo. Film received positive reviews from critics, and Wasikowska received Hollywood Film Festival Breakthrough Actress Award for her role. From March to May 2010, Wasikowska filmed Cary Fukunaga's adaptation of Jane Eyre, in which she starred as the title character opposite Michael Fassbender as Mr
. Rochester. In 2011, Wasikowska shot the small supporting role of Shia LaBeouf's character's love interest in John Hillcoat's Lawless. Then she filmed the lead in Park Chan-wook's English-language debut movie, Stoker, alongside Nicole Kidman and Matthew Goode. In 2014, she starred in David Cronenberg movie titled Maps to the Stars with Julianne Moore, John Cusack, Robert Pattinson, Olivia Williams, and Sarah Gadon which  premiered in competition for the Palme d'Or at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival.
In November 2013, it was announced that Wasikowska was cast in Alice Through the Looking Glass, the 2016 sequel to Alice in Wonderland.

Personal life  
Wasikowska lives in Bronte, New South Wales. In 2013, she began dating her The Double co-star Jesse Eisenberg. The two split in 2015.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

Other websites

 
 

1989 births
Living people
Australian movie actors
Australian television actors
Australian voice actors
People from Canberra
Alfred Hermann Fried (November 11, 1864 – May 5, 1921) was an Austrian Jewish pacifist, publicist, journalist, co-founder of the German peace movement, and winner (with Tobias Asser) of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1911.

Fried was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary on November 11, 1864. Fried left school at the age of 15 and started to work in a bookshop. In 1883 he moved to Berlin, where he opened a bookshop of his own in 1887.

In 1892 he was a co-founder of the German Peace Society (). He was one of the fathers of the idea of a modern organisation to assure worldwide peace (the principal idea was fulfilled in the League of Nations and after the Second World War in the United Nations).

Fried was a prominent member of the Esperanto-movement. In 1903 he published the book  (Textbook of the International Language of Esperanto). In 1911 he received the Nobel Peace Prize together with Tobias Asser. During the First World War he lived in Switzerland. Fried died in Vienna on May 5, 1921, aged 56.

References
References

Other websites
Alfred Hermann Fried (November 11, 1864 – May 5, 1921) (Archived 2009-10-25)
Nobel biography

1864 births
1921 deaths
Austrian Jews
Austrian journalists
Esperantists
Jewish activists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Jewish writers
Writers from Vienna
Austrian Nobel Prize winners
Christian Lous Lange (September 17, 1869 – December 11, 1938) was a Norwegian historian, teacher, and political scientist. He was one of the world's foremost exponents of the theory and practice of internationalism.

Lange was born in Stavanger, Norway on September 17, 1869. His father was a military engineer. He graduated from secondary school in 1887 and later went to travel and study history, English, and French at the University of Oslo in Oslo, Norway. He received the cand. philol. degree in 1893. He taught at secondary schools for many years and eventually returned to the University of Oslo to receive a doctorate.

His support of internationalism was demonstrated by the first of a three volume historical treatise (Histoire de l'internationalisme). The work, published in 1919, was said to contribute to the ideological preparation for the League of Nations. For this and all his other activities, Lange shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Hjalmar Branting in 1921.
Lange died on December 11, 1938 in Oslo, Norway from an illness, aged 69.

References

Other websites
 

1869 births
1938 deaths
Norwegian activists
Norwegian historians
Nobel Peace Prize winners
People from Stavanger
Norwegian political scientists
Teachers
University of Oslo alumni
Norwegian Nobel Committee
Norwegian Nobel Prize winners
Tobias Michael Carel Asser (April 28, 1838 – July 29, 1913) was a Dutch lawyer and legal scholar of Jewish background. In 1911, he was cowinner (with Alfred Hermann Fried) of the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the first Hague peace conference (1899).

He was the son of Carel Daniel Asser (1813-85), and grandson of Carel Asser (1780-1836). He studied law at the University of Amsterdam and Leiden University and was law professor at the University of Amsterdam. Asser died on July 29, 1913 in The Hague, Netherlands, aged 75.

References
Tobias Michael Carel Asser–Biography

Other websites
Nobel biography

1838 births
1913 deaths
Dutch academics
Dutch Jews
Dutch jurists
Dutch lawyers
Dutch Nobel Prize winners
Jewish academics
Jewish lawyers
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Nobel Peace Prize winners
People from Amsterdam
Karl Hjalmar Branting (23 November 1860 – 24 February 1925) was a Swedish politician. He was the leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party (1907–1925), and Prime Minister during three separate periods (1920, 1921–1923, and 1924–1925). When Branting came to power in 1920, he was the first Social Democratic Prime Minister of Sweden. When he took office for a second term after the general election of 1921, he became the first socialist politician in Europe to do so following elections with universal suffrage. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1921 with Christian Lous Lange.

He was also minister of Finance and Foreign Affairs.

Branting was born on November 23, 1860 in Stockholm, Sweden. He studied at the University of Uppsala. He was married to Anna Branting. Branting died on February 24, 1925 in Stockholm, Sweden from unknown causes, aged 64.

References

Other websites

Nobel Committee information on 1921 Laureates
1860 births
1925 deaths
Nonviolence advocates‎
Government ministers of Sweden
Nobel Peace Prize winners
Prime Ministers of Sweden
Swedish Nobel Prize winners
Binocular vision is vision in which both eyes are used together. It can mean having two eyes instead of one, but more often it means having a visual field which is put together by the brain with input from both eyes. This is the standard equipment for vertebrates and many other types of animals.

Humans have a maximum horizontal field of view of about 200 degrees with two eyes. About 120 degrees make up the binocular field of view (seen by both eyes), and two side fields of about 40 degrees seen by only one eye.

Our system of vision uses parallax to give precise depth information, called stereopsis. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or binocular fusion, in which a single image is seen even though each eye has its own image of an object.
Stereopsis is the impression of depth we get when we look at a scene with both eyes. Binocular viewing of a scene creates two slightly different images of the scene in the two eyes due to the eyes' different positions on the head. These differences give information that the brain uses to calculate depth in the visual scene. The term 'stereopsis' is often used as short hand for 'binocular vision', 'binocular depth perception' or 'stereoscopic depth perception', though strictly speaking, the impression of depth associated with stereopsis can also be got under other conditions, such as when an observer views a scene with only one eye while moving. Observer motion creates differences in the single retinal image over time similar to binocular disparity; this is referred to as motion parallax.
Field of view and eye movements
Some animals, usually but not always prey animals, have their two eyes positioned on opposite sides of their heads to give the widest possible field of view. Examples include rabbits, buffaloes, and antelopes. In such animals, the eyes often move independently to increase the field of view. Even without moving their eyes, some birds have a 360-degree field of view.

Other animals, usually but not always predatory animals, have their two eyes positioned on the front of their heads, thereby allowing for binocular vision and reducing their field of view in favor of stereopsis. Examples include humans, eagles, wolves, and snakes.
Some predator animals, particularly large ones such as sperm whales and killer whales, have their two eyes positioned on opposite sides of their heads. Other animals that are not necessarily predators, such as fruit bats and a number of primates also have forward facing eyes. These are usually animals that need fine depth discrimination/perception; for instance, binocular vision improves the ability to pick a chosen fruit or to find and grasp a particular branch.

In animals with forward-facing eyes, the eyes usually move together. Some animals use both strategies. A starling, for example, has laterally placed eyes to cover a wide field of view, but can also move them together to point to the front so their fields overlap giving stereopsis. A remarkable example is the chameleon, whose eyes appear to be mounted on turrets, each moving independently of the other, up or down, left or right. Nevertheless, the chameleon can bring both of its eyes to bear on a single object when it is hunting.

References
References 

Vision
Physiology
Fredrik Bajer (April 21, 1837 – January 22, 1922) was a Danish writer, teacher, and pacifist politician. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908.
 
Bajer was born on April 21, 1837 in Vester Egede, Denmark. He fought  in the 1864 war against Prussia and Austria where he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. He was discharged in 1865, and moved to Copenhagen where he became a teacher, translator and writer.
 
He entered the Danish Parliament in 1872 as a member of Folketinget and held a seat there for the following 23 years. As a member of parliament, he worked for the use of international arbitration to solve conflicts among nations, and it is due to Bajer's efforts that foreign relations became part of the work of the Danish Parliament and that Denmark participated in the Inter-Parliamentary Union from the beginning and earned a distinguished position among its members.
Bajer died on January 22, 1922 in Copenhagen, Denmark from unknown causes, aged 84.

References

Other websites
 Nobel Committee information on 1908 laureates 

1837 births
1922 deaths
Danish writers
Danish politicians
Danish educators
Teachers
Nonviolence advocates
Nobel Peace Prize winners
Danish Nobel Prize winners
Charles Albert Gobat (May 21, 1843 – March 16, 1914) was a Swiss lawyer, educational administrator, and politician. He jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize with Élie Ducommun in 1902 for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.

Gobat was born on May 21, 1843 at Tramelan, Switzerland. He was the son of a Protestant pastor. He was the nephew of Samuel Gobat, a missionary who became bishop of Jerusalem. He was educated at the University of Basel, University of Heidelberg, University of Bern, and University of Paris. He received his doctorate in law, summa cum laude, from the University of Heidelberg in 1867.

In 1902, Gobat jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 with Élie Ducommun for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.
 
After the death of Élie Ducommun in 1906, Gobat took over the direction of the International Peace Bureau.
Gobat died on March 16, 1914 in Bern, Switzerland from unknown causes, aged 70. He died while attending a meeting of the peace conference at Bern. He stood as if to speak but collapsed, dying about an hour later.

References

Other websites
Nobel Committee Information on 1902 peace prize 
about Charles Albert Gobat  

1843 births
1914 deaths
Swiss lawyers
Swiss politicians
Swiss teachers
Swiss Nobel Prize winners
Nobel Peace Prize winners
People from the canton of Bern
Jura bernois (administrative district)
The Herzl Museum is a biographical museum in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. It is dedicated to Theodor Herzl, the founder of the Zionism movement. It is located at the entrance plaza of the National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel.

Other websites 

 Official website 

Mount Herzl
Museums in Jerusalem
Élie Ducommun (19 February 1833 – 7 December 1906) was a Swiss peace activist. He won the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with Charles Albert Gobat.
 
Ducommun was born in Geneva Switzerland on December 19, 1833. Ducommun worked as a tutor, language teacher, journalist and a translator for the Swiss federal Chancellery (1869–1873).
 
In 1867, he helped to found the  (League for Peace and Liberty), though he continued working at other positions, including secretary for the Jura-Simplon Steel Company from 1873 to 1891. That year, he was appointed director of the newly formed  (International Peace Office), the first non-governmental international peace organization, based in Bern. He refused to accept a salary for the position, stating that he wished to serve in this capacity solely for reasons of idealism.
 
His keen organizational skills ensured the group's success. He was awarded in the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 with Charles Albert Gobart. He served as director of the organization until his death.
Ducommun died from respiratory and heart failure on December 7, 1906 in Bern, Switzerland at the age of 73.

References

1833 births
1906 deaths
Swiss activists
Swiss teachers
Nobel Peace Prize winners
Swiss Nobel Prize winners
People from Geneva
The Garden of the Missing in Action (, ) is a memorial garden in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. It is in the National Military and Police cemetery of Israel. The garden is dedicated to the missing in action whose bodies were never found from 1914 to today. There is also a temporary monument for the unknown soldiers. It is planned to move this to the National Memorial Hall. The memorial includes names of Jewish and non-Jewish soldiers and officers who have served in the Israeli Army and Israeli Police. The garden was built in 1954 a short time after an ancient Jewish cave was discovered nearby. It became the Garden of the Missing in 2004. The garden includes "empty graves" with a memorial board with all the names of the missing in action next to a memorial plaza.

The Operation Boatswain Memorial is next to the garden.

Gallery

Other websites 

 Official web site (in Hebrew) 
 Stamp commemorating the opening of the Garden of the Missing Soldiers  by the Israel Postal Company
 Israeli Soldiers "Missing in Action"
Military people missing in action
Monuments and memorials in Mount Herzl
Military monuments and memorials in Israel
Leif Garrett (born Leif Per Nervik; November 8, 1961) is an American singer, actor and television personality. He became famous in the late 1970s as a teen idol, but received much publicity in later life for his drug abuse and legal troubles.

Garrett was born on November 8, 1961 in Hollywood, California.

References

Other websites
Official website
Official page at MySpace

1961 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American child actors
American television personalities
Actors from Hollywood
Singers from Los Angeles
Musicians from Los Angeles
The Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial in Israel (Hebrew: אנדרטת חללי פעולות האיבה, Andartat Halalei Pe'ulot HaEiva) is a memorial to all victims of terrorism in Israel from 1851 onward. The memorial is located at the National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. The memorial includes the names of Jewish and non-Jewish people who have been killed in acts of terror.

Other websites 

  The Monument for Victims of Hostile Acts: Honor Inscribed In Stone .

Terrorism
Monuments and memorials in Mount Herzl
In chemistry and physics, Dalton's law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the pressure that each gas would exert (give out) independently. This law was observed by John Dalton in 1801.

Laws of physics
Physical chemistry
The Eretz Israel Museum is an archeological, historical and anthropological museum in Tel Aviv. It is dedicated to history of Jewish life in the Land of Israel before 1948. The museum has some pavilions and a large archaeological park.

Other websites 

 
Official site
Land of Israel Museum  at ilMuseums.com

Museums in Tel Aviv
Marina Lambrini Diamandis (born 10 October 1985), better known by her stage name Marina, is a Welsh singer-songwriter. She rose to fame after placing second in the BBC Sound of 2010 poll behind Ellie Goulding in the United Kingdom.

Her debut album "The Family Jewels" was released in 2010, which contained five singles. The album reached number five upon release in the UK. Lead single "Mowgli's Road" was re-released in November 2009 whilst Marina was working on the album. Second single "Hollywood" peaked at number 12 in the UK Singles Chart. Third and fourth singles "I Am Not A Robot" and "Oh No!" became other top forty hits. Fifth and final single "Shampain" was released in October 2010.
Marina released the single "Radioactive" in October 2011 as a lead single for her second album "Electra Heart", and it became her fourth top forty single. "Primadonna" was used as the lead single instead in April 2012 and achieved worldwide success. Marina released "Electra Heart" in the UK a week after the release of the song. It debuted at number one in the UK  whilst "Primadonna" reached number eleven. "Power & Control" was released only in the UK as a second single.

Marina's third studio album, 'FROOT' was released 13 March 2015 following the leak of the whole album in February of that year. Many critics named this the best album ever released in terms of lyrics, production and general aesthetic.

On 16 July 2014, Marina published the bridge of the absolute tune, 'I'm Not Hungry Anymore', on Instagram, which many hoped would appear in FROOT repackage. Unfortunately not. However, in 2017 the whole song was leaked and revealed to be an absolute bop.
In 2016, Marina joined Clean Bandit at Coachella, performing 'Disconnect' which would be released as a single in 2017, after some (limited) request from the fanbase. 

Mid-2018 Marina began teasing her upcoming album, posting a cute note on twitter and Instagram saying new album will come in Autumn. To mixed reception, she announced a collaboration called 'Someone Else's Baby' with Clean Bandit, who you may recall she performed with in 2016 and her boyfriend, Jack Patterson, is in it. She also teased some lyrics to what would soon become 'Orange Trees', released in 2019. 
To mark a new stage in her career, Diamandis announced via Twitter in 2018 that she would be dropping her "and the Diamonds" moniker to release music as simply "Marina", explaining that "It took me well over a year to figure out that a lot of my identity was tied up in who I was as an artist and there wasn't much left ..
In February 2019, Marina announced her fourth and most recent studio album and tour, 'Love + Fear', to be released on 26th April 2019, an album of two 8 song discs. However, to much surprise she released the 'Love' half, on 4th April 2019, at 4pm on a Thursday! (UK time). 'Fear' was released as planned on 26th April. 'Love + Fear' reached number 1 in 6 countries on release day, including Russia and Greece. It reached number 3 in the UK on the ITunes album chart.

Marina is classed as a New Wave artist by critics. She is mostly known for her pop, electronic and more alternative music.

Personal life 

Diamandis was born in Abergavenny, Wales. Her mother is Welsh and her father is Greek. Her parents separated when Marina was sixteen and she moved to Greece to live with her father but returned to Wales two years later.

Marina first used MySpace to release music and she released two EPs before releasing her debut album. She was signed to Neon Records in 2008.
Marina says her old stage name "Marina and the Diamonds" represents her fans and her surname rather than her backing band.

Discography 

Albums
The Family Jewels (2010)
Electra Heart (2012)
FROOT (2015)
Love + Fear (2019)
Ancient Dreams in a Modern Land (2021)

EPs
Mermaids Vs. Sailors EP (2007)
The Crown Jewels EP (2009)

Singles
Obsessions (2009)
Mowgli's Road (2010)
Hollywood (2010)
I Am Not A Robot (2010)
Oh No! (2010)
Shampain (2010)
Radioactive (2012)
Primadonna (2012)
Power & Control (2012)
How to be a Heartbreaker (2013)
Froot (2014)
Happy (2014)
Immortal (2015)
I'm a Ruin (2015)
Forget (2015)
Blue (2015)
Disconnect (2017) feat. Clean Bandit
Baby (2018) (Previously called ''Someone Else's Baby) Clean Bandit feat. Luis Fonsi
Handmade Heaven (2019)
Superstar (2019)
Orange Trees (2019)

British pianists
Welsh pop musicians
Welsh singers
1985 births
Living people
Atlantic Records artists
Synth-pop singers
Roy Edward Disney (January 10, 1930 – December 16, 2009) was an American animator and executive for The Walt Disney Company. He is the nephew of Walt Disney. Disney is the last member of the Disney family. He and Michael Eisner are one of the most well known people in the Disney industry. Disney had about 1.2 million dollars.

Disney was born on January 10, 1930 in Los Angeles, California to Roy O. Disney and to Edna Francis. He was raised in Los Angeles, California and in Chicago, Illinois.

He studied at the Buckley School and at Pomona College. He was married to Patricia Ann Dailey from 1955 until they divorced in 2007. Then he was married to Leslie DeMeuse from 2008 until his death in 2009. He had three children with Dailey.

Disney died on the morning of December 16, 2009 from stomach cancer in Newport Beach, California, aged 79. After his death, his remains were cremated and his ashes were scattered at the Pacific Ocean.

References

Other websites
 
 
 Roy E Disney
 Interview with Netribution
1930 births
2009 deaths
Disney people
American chief executives
Disney animators
American animators
Artists from Chicago
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Chicago
The Volcani Institute of Agricultural Research (Hebrew: מכון וולקני) is an agricultural research center named after its founder and director Yitzhak Elazari Volcani. The Institute is located in Rishon LeZion, Israel.

Other websites 

Institute of Agricultural Research  website

Scientific organizations
Colleges and universities in Israel
Central District (Israel)
The Academy of the Hebrew Language (, HaAkademya laLashon ha'Ivrit) is the main institution of the Hebrew language. The academy was started in 1890 as the "Hebrew Language Committee" in Jerusalem. In 1953 it was replaced by the "Academy of the Hebrew Language" that was established in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem on the Givat Ram campus.

Other websites 
  

Language regulators
Hebrew language
Buildings and structures in Jerusalem
Educational organizations
Organizations based in Jerusalem
The Family Jewels is an album released by Marina and the Diamonds on 15 February 2010. It has received mostly positive reviews scoring 68/100 on Metacritic.

It debuted at number five on the UK Albums Chart, selling 27,618 copies in its first week. It also peaked at number 7 in Greece, 9 in Ireland and 20 on the European Top 100 Albums Chart. The album gave Marina three top forty singles in the UK.

Singles 

"Mowgli's Road" was released as thr lead single on 13 November 2009.
"Hollywood" was released on 1 February 2010 as the second single. It was the most successful single from the album, peaking at number twelve in the UK and twenty-one in Ireland.
"I Am Not A Robot" was the third single on 26 April 2010.

Only in UK and Ireland:
"Oh No" was the fourth single released in August 2010.
"Shampain" was a fifth single released in October 2010.

2010 albums
Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities is the supreme institution for sciences and humanities in Israel. Its headquarters are located in Jerusalem.

Related pages 
 Albert Einstein Square (Jerusalem)

Other websites 

 Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities 

Buildings and structures in Jerusalem
National academies of sciences
1961 establishments in Asia
Education in Israel
1960s establishments in Israel
Electra Heart is an album released by Marina and the Diamonds on 27 February 2012. It was met with average reviews, scoring 57/100 on Metacritic.

Marina has released a series of seven videos on YouTube surrounding the release of Electra Heart. Part 2, 4, 6 and 7 are music videos to singles released from the album.

The album entered at number one in the United Kingdom (selling 21,358 copies) and Ireland. It also peaked at number 2 on the US Dance/Electronic Albums chart, whilst reaching the top twenty in three other countries. It also reached number 31 on the US Billboard 200.

Singles
Singles 

Radioactive was released as a 'teaser' single on 23 September 2011. It reached number 25 in the United Kingdom. The single was later not included in the released version of Electra Heart but is included on the deluxe version.
Homewrecker was released as a free track for signing up to Marina's mailing list.
Primadonna was released as the lead single on 20 March 2012. It reached the top 10 in six countries. It gave Marina her most successful single. It reached number eleven in the UK and three in Ireland.
How to be a Heartbreaker was released as a worldwide single on 16 December 2012. The single is not included in the UK edition of Electra Heart.

Power & Control was released in the UK as a second single in July 2012.

2012 albums
Gentianaceae are a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species.

Distribution is cosmopolitan. The family consists of trees, shrubs and herbs showing a wide range of colours and floral patterns.

Economically, some species are cultivated ornamental plants and many species yield bitter principles used medicinally and in flavorings.

Many of this group are mycoheterotrophs: their roots need fungi to break down organic material for them to absorb.

Gentianales
Plant families
Total Drama is an american animated television series in the United States that have below the airdates listed in the table with currently six Total Drama seasons in the series.

Broadcast
The show first premiered on TeleToon on July 8, 2007, it was shown on Cartoon Network on June 5, 2008., It became the Biggest franchise of Canada on August 29, 2009, it has been premiering on 100 countries or 188 countries.

Broadcast( UK )
The show premiered on Pop on Pop Max( formerly Kix )with some episodes of Total Dramarama, while it's reboot on CBBC is still in the UK.

Devolopnment
Fresh TV announced they made a show with some adults while it's owners: Voodoo, Teletoon and Warner Bros. Discovery.

References

Total Drama
English-language television programs
2008 television series debuts
2015 television series endings
This article contains a list of all the episodes to the Total Drama series in  the American cable television channel, Cartoon Network. 

This series has six seasons: Every season has 27 episodes although a special episode is sometimes added as a transition from two seasons to another. Although the third season only has 26 episodes and the fourth season only has 14 episodes and for the fifth and sixth season only has 13 episodes. 

In the Cartoon Network release, in the beginning of each episode, Chris McLean narrates a voice introduction with a written disclaimer as follows: "This episode of Total Drama contains scenes of extreme stunts performed by animated teens. Do not try any of what you see here at home. Seriously, you could get really messed up." and laughs. In the United States, Cartoon Network creates a disclaimer with a TV-PG-D rating before the previous show's recap. 

The episodes in the series are listed and ordered in their original American titles and numbers.

Seasons

Source for table:
Source for table:

Episodes
Key:
The first number column refers to the episode's number throughout the entire series, while the second number column refers to the episode number within its season: i.e. 6 would be the sixth episode of that specific season or the sixth episode of the entire series.
The production code refers to the code assigned to the episode by the production team. The first character refers to the season the episode was made for. The first season is 1xx, the second is 2xx, the third is 3xx and the fourth is 4xx. The number at the end of the code is the order in which that episode was produced during that production run.
In the "original air date" column, the date shown refers to the air date in United States.

Season 1 (2008)

Season 2 (2009–2010)

Season 3 (2010)

Season 4 (2012)

Season 5 (2013)

Season 6 (2014)

Timeline
This is a brief summary displaying all the airdates by month for the entire Total Drama series throughout the years.

Key
Key

Advertising
The series is only designed to have one commercial break on every episode; this is seen by the episode fading in and fading out at the middle of each episode, while Chris (or Geoff in the Aftermath episodes) says a line (like "We'll be right back!", for example) right before the screen fades. Originally, Cartoon Network, they have two or sometimes three commercial breaks on each episode, resulting in an edit-out and interrupting the main plot of that episode. One example is when a contestant, or a team, wins a certain challenge, and then all of a sudden, the screen fades and a commercial pops out. Usually, Chris is supposed to warn the viewers that a commercial break is coming, and says so before the fade-in, this scene is only shown on the middle of each episode, which is a perfect place for a commercial break for Cartoon Network.
Elimination tables
In almost every episode, there is an elimination. The tables below display all the ranks and eliminations of all the contestants throughout the entire series.

Elimination tables
In almost every episode, there is an elimination in the tables below display all the ranks and eliminations of all the contestants throughout the entire series.

Total Drama Island (TDI)

Total Drama Action (TDA)

Total Drama World Tour (TDWT)

Total Drama Revenge of the Island (TDROTI)

Total Drama All Stars and Pahkitew Island (TDAS&PI)

Total Drama Ridunculous Race (TDRR)

References

Other websites 
Season 1 Flipbook 
Season 2 Flipbook 
Season 3 Flipbook 
Promotional Article on TDRI (Cake Entertainment) 

Lists of animated television series episodes
Episodes
Gatka is a  South Asian martial art most commonly practised in the Punjab region. Though today generally identified with Punjabi Sikhs, it has also traditionally been practiced by other ethno-cultural groups in India and Pakistan, in various parts.

The word gatka properly refers to the wooden sticks which were originally used for sparring in this sport although now a range of other weapons are also employed.

Gatka can be practiced either as a contact sport (khel) or ritual/ceremonial demonstration (rasmi).

Martial arts
Sport in India
Sport in Pakistan
The Maliars are an ethnic group, or people, mostly inhabiting the Northern districts of Punjab (Pakistan) and the lower plains of the Hazara Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. 

The Maliars are by and large an agrarian people and most still work as farm tenants and small peasant farmers. The term or name 'Maliar' itself derived from the Punjabi language word that means 'gardener' and 'cultivator'. 

Almost all the Maliars are Muslims. 

Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Michael Dammann Eisner (born March 7, 1942) is an American executive of The Walt Disney Company from 1984 through 2005.

Eisner was born on March 7, 1942 in Mount Kisco, New York. He was raised in Los Angeles, California. Eisner studied at The Lawrenceville School and at Denison University. He has been married to Jane Breckenridge since 1967. They have three children. He now lives in Los Angeles, California.

References

Other websites
 Official site MichaelEisner.com
 
 Eisner Foundation 

1942 births
Living people
American billionaires
American chief executives
American Jews
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from New York (state)
Jewish businesspeople
Disney people
People from Mount Kisco, New York
Rita Sahatçiu Ora (born 26 November 1990) is an Albanian singer-songwriter and actress based in the United Kingdom.

Career

Acting 
In 2004, Ora appeared in the British movie Spivs. Ora played Mia Grey in the 2015 movie Fifty Shades of Grey. In 2019, she will appeared in the movie Pokémon: Detective Pikachu.

Music 
In 2009, She auditioned for Eurovision: Your Country Needs You on BBC One to be the British contestant for the 2009 Eurovision Song Contest. She later withdrew from the competition after a few episodes, as she did not feel ready. The same year, Ora made a cameo on Jay-Z's video for "Young Forever" and "Over" by Drake. Ora caught the attention of Jay-Z and he signed her to Roc Nation, for which she was featured in a commercial for Roc Nation + Skullcandy Aviator Headphones.
Her first album Ora was released in August 2012 and entered the charts at number one in the UK and number two in Ireland. Four singles have been released which appear on the album. "Hot Right Now" featured Rita Ora's vocals and entered at number one in the UK in March 2012. Rita was the lead artist on "R.I.P" and "How We Do (Party)", which also entered the UK charts at number one. Her single "I Will Never Let You Down" also reached number one in 2014.

So far in the UK she became the first artist to appear on four top 10 singles in 2012.

Television 

In 2012, Rita Ora was a guest judge on The X Factor. She returned to the show in 2016 as a permanent judge for that year's season. She has also been one of the four celebrity panellists on the UK version of Masked Singer. She was also a coach on The Voice. Ora was also an interval act in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest 2023.
Personal life 
Rita Ora was born in 1990 in Pristina, Kosovo to Albanian parents and moved to London in the same year.

In 2012, Ora dated Rob Kardashian. From 2013 to 2014, Ora dated Calvin Harris. The artist is currently married to Taika Waititi.

Discography 

Albums
Ora (2012)
Phoenix (2018)
You & I (2023)
Singles
As featured artist
Hot Right Now (2012)
Black Widow (2014)
As main artist
R.I.P. (2012)
How We Do (Party) (2012)
Shine Ya Light (2012)
Radioactive (2013)
I Will Never Let You Down (2014)
Poison (2015)
Body on Me (2015)
Champagne Lights (2020) 
Seaside (2021) 
Follow Me (2021)

References

1990 births
Living people
English singer-songwriters
 
Singers from London
English R&B singers
English pop singers
English dance musicians
Atlantic Records artists
People from Pristina
Comilla Jagannath Temple is a Hindu temple in Comilla, in southeastern Bangladesh. Its terracotta brick construction is in the typical Bengal style of temple architecture. The temple was originally built in the 16th century by Sree Sreejoktou Moharaja Rada Kishor Manikuo Bahadur, who was the king of Tripura. The statues of the deities of Jagannath, Balabhadra and Subhadra were originally installed in a temple in Tripura from where they were subsequently shifted to this temple.

Other websites
Photograph of the Temple 

Hindu temples in Bangladesh
16th-century establishments in Asia
Establishments in Bangladesh
Wingu Tingima (died 8 March 2010) was an Aboriginal artist from central Australia. She was born in Great Victoria Desert, and grew up living a traditional way of life in the bush, without any contact with Western civilisation. A member of the Pitjantjatjara people, she painted spiritual stories from her Dreaming. Along with her friend and colleague Eileen Yaritja Stevens, Wingu became one of the most well-known artists to paint in the style of the Western Desert.

Although she only began painting less than 10 years before her death, Wingu's work is now held in many of Australia's major art collections, including the National Gallery of Australia and the state galleries of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, the Northern Territory and Western Australia.

Life
Life

Childhood
Wingu was born in the late 1910s or early 1920s. She was born at Nyumun, a rock hole in the Great Victoria Desert in Western Australia. This is a sacred site for Pitjantjatjara men, and it is associated with the  (Eagle Dreaming). She grew up living a semi-nomadic way of life with her family in the country around Kuru Ala, very close to her place of birth. This is a sacred place for the Kungkarungkara (Seven Sisters Dreaming), which Wingu would later feature in many of her most important paintings.

Wingu was involved in traditional desert craft from a young age. Her mother and her aunts taught her how to weave hair-string belts and  (head rings) from hair, fur, feathers and spinifex. She also learned to spin hair-string on a traditional hand-held spindle, and carve wooden tools such as wana (digging sticks), piti (bowls), wira (digging scoops), and  (basins for collecting seeds). At ceremonies with other Aṉangu families, she and the other girls would paint each other in ritual designs.
Settlement
When she was older, Wingu and her parents travelled by foot to settle in the mission at Ernabella, with many other Pitjantjatjara families. Wingu worked there spinning sheep's wool to make rugs and other things for the mission. While living at Ernabella, Wingu became close friends with Eileen Yaritja Stevens; the two of them would later work together closely.

After the community of Irrunytju was established in the 1980s, Wingu moved there with her family to be closer to her home country. Stevens moved to Nyapaṟi with her own family, and Wingu spent most of her life between the two communities. Wingu's son, Winmati Roberts, became married to Eileen's daughter, Yaritji Stevens. As the two elder women's success in the art business increased, they became the main providers of income for their intermingled families. Several of their grandchildren are now also painters.
As an artist
The community co-operative Irrunytju Arts was opened in 2001, and Wingu was one of its first artists. She achieved success soon after, and she had her first exhibition in Melbourne in 2002. In the same year, she was also featured in the annual "Desert Mob" exhibition in Alice Springs. Her work from this exhibition was chosen as a finalist for the National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award (NATSIAA) in 2003. Even in her earliest work, Wingu's style was unique and stood out strongly against the styles of the other artists at Irrunytju. She used lighter shades of colour with curvier lines, while other artists at the centre were experimenting with bright colours and block shapes.
Wingu began to work in Nyapaṟi from 2006, when the community established Tjungu Palya. Wingu came to support the new centre as a working artist, while still continuing to paint for Irrunytju as well. One of Wingu's earliest works at Tjungu Palya was chosen as a finalist for that year's NATSIAA. Wingu came to work primarily in Nyapaṟi during the next few years.

Most of the time, Wingu would paint alongside her friend Eileen. The two women often shared creative ideas, and travelled to exhibitions together. Eileen died in 2008, and Wingu left Nyapaṟi; as is custom among Western Desert people, the grieving move away from the place where the dead had lived. Wingu moved back to Irrunytju and continued to work there. She continued to achieve success until her death. She died on 8 March 2010, estimated to be aged around 90.

Artwork
Artwork

Themes and style
Wingu's painting focused on her spirituality, depicting the Dreaming stories () associated with her country. Most of her paintings are about the Kungkarungkara (, or Seven Sisters). This Tjukurpa is closely associated with the sacred women's place of Kuru Ala, where Wingu grew up. According to the story, the seven sisters stopped at Kuru Ala while they were travelling through the area in the Dreamtime. They were running away from a lustful man who was trying to catch them. He had supernatural powers and could transform himself into many things. There are many different versions of the story, but Kuru Ala is said to be the place where the man tricked the sisters by turning himself into a fruit tree. The story comes from a group of stars; the sisters are the Pleiades, and the man chasing them is Orion.
Although she used traditional images, patterns and icons to paint these stories, Wingu's artwork did not illustrate them explicitly or in a way that is recognisable. The images are always obscured and the meaning hidden. She combined many styles together, including ancient desert imagery that had been passed down to her through sand drawings, rock art and body painting, but by using modern tools and techniques. One critic notes that her style would change depending on where she was painting; her brush-strokes and choice of colour differing between Tjungu Palya and Irrunytju Arts.

Recognition
Wingu's paintings of the Kungkarungkara story were chosen as finalists in the National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Awards in 2003, 2006, and 2008.
In 2009, Wingu's work was shown in New York City as part of the exhibition "I Have a Dream", an international tribute to Martin Luther King, Jr.. Her artwork has been exhibited in many other cities, including Sydney, Canberra, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth, Alice Springs, Broome, Darwin and Singapore. Her work is held in the Gallery of Western Australia, the Art Gallery of South Australia, the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Art Gallery of New South Wales, the National Gallery of Victoria, the National Gallery of Australia, and the Australian National University.

References

1920 births
2010 deaths
Australian painters
Indigenous Australian artists
Pitjantjatjara
Artists from South Australia
Artists from Western Australia
Andrew Ebbett (born January 2, 1983 in Vernon, British Columbia) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Anaheim Ducks, Chicago Blackhawks, Minnesota Wild, Phoenix Coyotes, Vancouver Canucks, and the Pittsburgh Penguins. He also played for SC Bern of the National League A (NLA) and the EHC Red Bull München of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He played college hockey with the University of Michigan for 4 seasons before entering the NHL. He signed a one-year contract worth $525,000 with the Vancouver Canucks on July 1, 2011.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

1983 births
Living people
Anaheim Ducks players
Binghamton Senators players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Canadian Olympic bronze medalists
Chicago Blackhawks players
Chicago Wolves players
Ice hockey people from British Columbia
Iowa Stars players
Minnesota Wild players
People from Vernon, British Columbia
Phoenix Coyotes players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Portland Pirates players
Vancouver Canucks players
Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins players
American Hockey League players
Elizabeth Diane Frederickson Downs (born August 7, 1955) is an American convicted murderer. She was born Elizabeth Diane Frederickson in Phoenix, Arizona. In Oregon on May 19, 1983, she shot her three children and then shot herself in the arm. On June 17, 1984, she was convicted of murder, attempted murder and assault and sentenced to life imprisonment. Downs has been diagnosed with three cluster B personality disorders: antisocial, histrionic and narcissistic. 

The movie Small Sacrifices is about her.

References 

1955 births
Living people

American people convicted of assault
American people convicted of attempted murder
American people convicted of murder
American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
People from Phoenix, Arizona
People with antisocial personality disorder
People with histrionic personality disorder
People with narcissistic personality disorder
iCloud is a cloud storage and cloud computing service from Apple Inc.. It was launched on October 12, 2011. As of July 2012, the service has more than 150 million users.

References

Storage devices
Computer memory
Apple software
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (, ; abbreviated HUJI) is a university in Israel. It is the country's second-oldest university. It was established in 1918, 30 years before the State of Israel.

It was the first university to open in Israel with three campuses. Its campuses are on Mount Scopus, in Givat Ram and Ein Karem.

Other websites 

 Hebrew University web site
 The Mandel Institute of Jewish Studies web site
 Einstein Archives at the Hebrew University
 Ancient and Premodern Law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem

 
Mount Scopus
1918 establishments
1910s establishments in Israel