Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Events 
 April 7 – Charles University is founded in Prague.
 June 24 – Black Death outbreak in full swing in Melcombe Regis (modern-day Weymouth, Dorset in England)
 July 6 – Papal bull of Pope Clement VI protecting Jews against popular aggression during the Black Death epidemic.
 Beginning of Black Death epidemic in central and western Europe
 End of the reign of Emperor Komyo of Japan, second of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders
 Start of the reign of Emperor Sukō, third of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders
 May – Black Death reaches England
 Edward III of England creates the first English order of chivalry, the Order of the Garter
 Pskov gains independence from the Novgorod Republic with the treaty of Bolotovo; Pskov Republic formed.
 Black Death in Cairo.
 Estimation: Hangzhou in Yuan Dynasty China becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Cairo, capital of Mamluk Egypt.
 Truce between England and France until 1532.
Births 
 John Fitzalan, 1st Lord Arundel (died 1379)

Deaths 
 February 2 – Narymunt, Prince of Pinsk
 December 2 – Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Japan (born 1297)
 Laura, beloved of Petrarch (born 1310)
 John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury
 Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Sienese painter (born 1290)
 Pietro Lorenzetti, Sienese painter (born 1280)
 Andrea Pisano, Italian sculptor and architect (born 1270)

References
1350 was a common year.

Events 
 England invades France
 29 August – An English fleet personally commanded by King Edward III defeats a Spanish fleet in the battle of Les Espagnols sur Mer.
 Hayam Wuruk becomes ruler of the Majapahit Empire.
 The Black Death ravages Europe. (1347-1351)
 The Black Death first appears in Scotland.
Births 
 January 23 – Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (died 1419)
 October 12 – Dmitri Donskoi, Grand Duke of Muscovy and Vladimir (died 1389)
 Pierre d'Ailly, French theologian (died 1420)
 John I of Aragon (died 1395)
 Eleanor of Arborea, ruler of Sardinia (died 1404)
 Pope Boniface IX, second Roman pope of the Western Schism (died 1404)
 Jehuda Cresques, Catalan cartographer (died 1427)
 Margaret III, Countess of Flanders (died 1405)
 Agnolo Gaddi, Italian painter (died 1396)
 William Gascoigne, Chief Justice of England (approximate date; died 1419)
 Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent (died 1397)
 Manuel II Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (died 1425)
 John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date; died 1400)
 Madhava of Sangamagrama, Indian mathematician (died 1425)
 John I Stanley of the Isle of Man (approximate date; died 1414)
 Ralph Strode, English scholar (died 1400)
 Katherine Swynford, mistress of John of Gaunt (approximate date; died 1403)
 Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić (died 1415)
Richard Whittington, Lord Mayor of London (died 1423)
 William le Scrope, 1st Earl of Wiltshire (died 1399)
 Andrew of Wyntoun, Scottish historian (died 1420)
Deaths 
 March 26 – Alfonso XI of Castile (born 1311)
 April 3 – Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy (born 1295)
 August 22 – Philip VI of France (born 1293)
 Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Eu
 Jean de Marigny, French bishop
 Juan Ruiz, Archpriest of Hita (approximate date; born c. 1283)
 Maol Íosa V, Earl of Strathearn, last Gaelic Mormaer of Strathearn
 Namdev, Marathi saint and poet (born 1270)
Events 
 June 4 – Glarus joins the Swiss Confederation.
 June 27 – Zug joins the Swiss Confederation.
 December 18 – Pope Innocent VI succeeds Pope Clement VI as the 199th pope.
 Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta reports the existence of the ngoni and balafon instruments at the court of Mansa Musa.
 Dragoş becomes voivode of Moldova.
 Corpus Christi College founded as a College of the University of Cambridge by the Guilds of Corpus Christi and the Blessed Virgin Mary.
 The Ottoman Turk army crosses the Bosporus, entering the Balkans.
 Lionel of Antwerp marries Elizabeth, daughter of William de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster.
 William de Ashlee becomes Rector of Maids Moreton, England.
 The town of Biel/Bienne, Switzerland finalizes its alliance with the city of Bern.
 Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham becomes a Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter of England.
 The Earldom of Kent becomes extinct (see Deaths, below).
The Metropolitan of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, the Metropolitan of Halych, began to relocate back to Kiev, after having moved to Halych in 1299. Thereafter, the Metropolitan would hold the title of Metropolitan of Kiev-Halych and All Rus.
Births 
 John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter (estimate). (died 1400)
 Vytautas the Great, Grand Duke of Lithuania (died 1430)
 Rupert of Germany, Count Palatine of the Rhine (died 1410)

Deaths 
 July 3 – Archbishop Vasilii Kalika of Novgorod.
 September 15 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and religious leader (born 1273)
 December 6 – Pope Clement VI (born 1291)
 Matthias of Arras, French architect (born 1290)
 William de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros (born 1325)
 Basarab I, Prince of Wallachia
 Al-Hakim II, Caliph of Cairo
 Laurence Minot, English poet (born 1300)
 Yoshida Kenko, Japanese monk and writer (born 1283)
1353 was a common year.

Events 
 The Decameron was finished by Giovanni Boccaccio.
 March 3 – Bern signs an alliance with the Swiss Confederation.

Births 
 July 15 – Vladimir the Bold, Russian prince (d. 1410)
 Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1413)
 Margaret I of Denmark, queen of Haakon VI of Norway (died 1412)
 John Purvey, English scholar and Bible translator (died 1428)

Deaths 
 March 11 – Theognostus, metropolitan of Kiev and Moscow
 Roger Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Ruthyn
 Simeon of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow and Vladimir
 Matilda, daughter of King Robert the Bruce of Scotland
 Togha Temür, claimant to the throne of the Mongol Il-Khanate in Persia (assassinated)
 Sir Ulick Burke, Irish nobleman
1355 was a common year.

Events 
 January 7 – Portuguese king Afonso IV sends three men to kill Ines de Castro, beloved of his son prince Pedro – Pedro revolts and incites a civil war.
 February 10 – The St. Scholastica's Day riot broke out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead in two days.
 April – Philip of Anjou marries Mary of Naples, daughter of Charles of Valois, duke of Calabria, and Mary of Valois.
 April 5 – Charles IV crowned emperor in Rome.
 April 18 – In Venice, the Council of Ten beheads Doge Marin Falier for conspiring to kill them.
 September 1 – Tvrtko I writes in castro nostro Vizoka vocatum from old town Visoki.

 A small Scottish and French force invade Northumberland, loot the city of Berwick-upon-Tweed and defeat a small English force in a skirmish at Nisbet, Berwickshire.
Births 
 January 7 – Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, son of King Edward III of England (died 1397)
 August 16 – Philippa Plantagenet, Countess of Ulster
 Manuel Chrysoloras, Byzantine humanist (died 1415)
 Konrad von Jungingen, 25th Grand Master of the Teutonic Order

Deaths 
 April 18 – Doge Marin Falier, Italian ruler (executed)
 August 3 – Bartholomew de Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh
 December 5 – John III, Duke of Brabant (born 1300)
 Inês de Castro, lover of King Peter I of Portugal (murdered)
 Stefan Dusan, King of Serbia
Events 
 January 20 – Edward Balliol quits job as King of Scotland and gives job to Edward III of England
 September 19 – Battle of Poitiers The English, led by the Black Prince, beat the French in the Hundred Years' War, taking the King John II of France while winning.
 October 18 – The Basel earthquake breaks the city of Basel in Switzerland.
 December 25 – Emperor Charles IV. announces the Golden Bull, a sort of medieval constitution for the Holy Roman Empire
 The city of Lwów granted Magdeburg rights by Casimir III of Poland
 The majority of the Great Pyramid of Giza's limestone casing stones are removed by Bahri Sultan An-Nasir Nasir-ad-Din al-Hasan to build fortresses and mosques in the nearby city of Cairo, leaving the first of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World in the step-stone condition in which it remains today.
 Burnt Candlemas – Edward III of England burns down every town and village in Lothian, Scotland.
The official founding of the Hanseatic League, a trading alliance between many cities in northern Europe.
 Ghazan II takes Anusirvan's job as ruler of the Il-Khanate in Persia.
Births 
 King Martin I of Aragon (died 1410)

Deaths 
 September 19 – Killed at the Battle of Poitiers:
 Peter I, Duke of Bourbon (born 1311)
 Walter VI of Brienne, Constable of France (born 1304)
Events 

 Founding of the University of Pavia, Italy.
 The Hungarian capital is moved from Esztergom to Buda.
 In the Marinid Empire in present-day Morocco, Abu Salim Ibrahim is overthrown by Abu Umar. Abu Umar is then later in the year overthrown by Abu Zayyan.
 State of anarchy within the Blue Horde. Between 1361 and 1378, over 20 khans succeed each other in different parts of the Blue Horde's territory.
 Edward, the Black Prince, marries Joan, the 'Fair Maid of Kent'.

Births 
 February 26 – Wenceslaus, King of the Romans, King of Bohemia (died 1419)
 John Beaumont, 4th Baron Beaumont, Constable of Dover Castle (died 1396)
Deaths 
 March 24 – Henry of Grosmont, Duke of Lancaster, English soldier and diplomat
 June 9 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (born 1291)
 June 15 – Johannes Tauler, German mystic theologian
 November 21 – Philip I, Duke of Burgundy (plague) (born 1346 – age 15)
 Giovanni (plague), son of Francesco Petrarch
 Richard Badew, Chancellor of Cambridge University
 John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp de Somerset, Warden of the Cinque Ports
 Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham (born 1295)
 Jan z Melsztyna, Polish nobleman
Events 
 First Foundation of the Venerable English College
 January 16 – The "Grote Mandrenke" storm tide strikes Holland, England, Germany and Denmark destroying the city of Rungholt in Nordfriesland, Germany.
 Under Edward III, English replaces French as England's national language, for the first time following the Norman Conquest of 1066.
 September 28 – Pope Urban V succeeds Pope Innocent VI as the 200th pope.
 Louis I of Hungary defeats and captures Ivan Sratsimir of Bulgaria; he conquers northern Bulgaria, extending his control over the Balkans.
 The Ottomans capture Philippopolis and Adrianopole (now the city of Edirne) from the Byzantine Empire. Byzantine Empire is reduced to the city of Constantinople.
 Waldemar Atterdag of Denmark defeats the Hanseatic League in a naval battle off Helsingborg.
 Shahabuddin succeeds his brother, Alauddin Ali Sher, as Sultan of Kashmir.
 Constantine VI succeeds his cousin, Constantine V, as King of Armenia.
Births 
 Bonne of Berry, Regent of Savoy (died 1435)
 Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany (died 1425)

Deaths 
 April 6 – James I, Count of La Marche, French soldier (b. 1319)
 April 10 – Maud, Countess of Leicester(b. 1339)
 July 22 – Louis of Durazzo, Italian soldier (poisoned) (born 1324)
 September 12 – Pope Innocent VI
 Constantine V of Armenia
 Louis of Taranto (born 1320)
Events 
 Charles V becomes King of France.
 May 12 – Foundation of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków.
 September 29 – The Breton War of Succession ends with the victory of the House of Montfort at the battle of Auray.
 Philip of Anjou becomes Titular Emperor of Costantinoples and Prince of Taranto.
 Rana Kshetra Singh succeeds Rana Hamir Singh as ruler of Mewar (now part of western India).
 Anavema Reddy succeeds Anavota Reddy as ruler of the Reddy Dynasty in Andhra Pradesh (now part of southern India).
 The Ava Dynasty establish rule in present-day northern Burma.

Births 
 November 30 – John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, English soldier (died 1390)
 Gyaltsab Je, first throne holder of the Gelug tradition of Buddhism (died 1432)
 Charles II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1431)
 Niccolò de' Niccoli, Italian humanist (died 1437)
 Qazi Zadeh, Persian mathematician (died 1436)
 Christine de Pizan (died 1430)
Deaths 
 April 8 – King John II of France (born 1319)
 June 30 – Arnost of Pardubice, Archbishop of Prague (b. 1297)
 August 5 – Emperor Kogon of Japan (born 1313)
 September 29 – Charles, Duke of Brittany
 Gajah Mada, prime minister of the Majapahit empire
 King Valdemar III of Denmark (born 1314)
 Rana Hamir Singh, ruler of Mewar
 Anavota Reddy, ruler of the Reddy Dynasty in Andhra Pradesh
Events 
 Foundation of the University of Vienna
 Adrianopole (now Edirne) becomes the capital city of the Ottoman Empire.
 Failed revolt against the Venetian rulers in Crete.
 The city of Alexandria in Egypt is sacked by an allied force of Peter I of Cyprus and the knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem.
 Mpu Prapanca writes the epic poem, Nagarakretagama, about the Majapahit Empire in Java.
 In present-day southern India, Bahmani Sultan Mohammed Shah I invades the Vijayanagara Empire.
 The Sukhothai Kingdom in northern Thailand becomes a tributary state of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.

Births 
 John de Ros, 6th Baron de Ros (died 1394)
 Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (died 1399)

Deaths 
 May 17 – Louis VI the Roman, Duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg (born 1328)
 July 27 – Duke Rudolf IV of Austria (born 1339)
Events 
 Thomas Fraser obtains lands in Aberdeenshire, upon which he starts the building of a towerhouse that would later be known as Muchalls Castle.
 Henry II deposes his half-brother, Pedro of Castile, to become King of Castile.
 Muhammed V builds the Granada Hospital in the Granada (in present-day Spain).
 War continues between the Hindu Vijayanagar Empire and the Muslim Bahmani Sultanate in present-day southern India. Tens of thousands of civilians massacred by each side.
 Dmitri Donskoi, ruler of Moscow & Vladimir, makes peace with Dmitri Konstantinovich, former ruler of Vladimir.
 Abu Faris Abdul Aziz succeeds assassinated Abu Zayyan as Sultan of the Marinid Empire in Morocco.
 Foundation of the Stella Artois brewery in present-day Belgium.
Births 
 March 22 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1399)
 July 11 – Anne of Bohemia, queen of Richard II of England (died 1394)
 Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan, English noblewoman (died 1425)
 Miran Shah, governor of Azerbaijan (died 1408)

Deaths 
 January 25 – Henry Suso, German mystic
 Simon Islip, Archbishop of Canterbury
 Petrus Torkilsson, Archbishop of Uppsala
 Ming Yuzhen, founder of the rebel empire of Daxia
Events 
 Timur ascends throne of Samarkand (now in Uzbekistan)..
 Hongwu (also known as Zhu Yuanzhang) establishes the Ming Dynasty in China after the disintegration the Mongol Yuan Dynasty.
 Work begins on the current Great Wall of China.
 Emperor Chōkei accedes to the throne of Japan
 Ramesuan succeeds Ramathibodi I as ruler of Ayutthaya (now southern Thailand).
 Mikhail Aleksandrovich becomes the sole ruler of Tver (now in eastern Russia) after the death of co-ruler and rival Mikhailovich of Kashin.
 Moscow attacks Tver. Tver makes a counter-attack with the aid of Lithuania and the Blue Horde.
 The King of Norway sends the last Royal Ship from Norway to the Greenland Eastern Settlement. This event is part of both the Norse colonization of the Americas and of the History of Greenland.
Births 
 February 14 – Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1437)
 December 3 – King Charles VI of France (died 1422)
 Pope Martin V (died 1431)
 Thomas Occleve, English poet (died 1450)
 Robert Merchant, French painter (Born June)

Deaths 
 October 7 – Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, son of Edward III of England (born 1338)
 Andrea Orcagna, Italian painter, sculptor, and architect
 Ibn-i-Yamin the 'Persian Puritan', poet
 Ramathibodi I, ruler of Ayutthaya
Events 
 King Charles V of France renounces the treaty of Brétigny and war is declared between France and England. The French recapture most of Aquitaine.
 Venice repels Hungarian invasion.
 Hugues Aubriot founds the Bastille in Paris.
 Tamerlane names the city of Samarkand as the capital of his empire.
 Košice becomes the first town in Europe to be granted its own coat of arms.
 The Turks invade Bulgaria.
 The Edward the Black Prince ends his military alliance with Pedro of Castile due to ill-health. Pedro subsequently loses the Battle of Montiel to an alliance between the French and his half-brother Henry II. Henry murders Pedro after the battle and becomes King of Castille for a second time.
 The Thai Kingdom of Ayutthaya conquers Cambodia for a second time.
 Financed by Charles V of France, Welshman Owain Lawgoch launches an invasion fleet against the English in an attempt to claim the throne of Wales. A storm causes Owain to abandon the invasion.
 Duong Nhat Le succeeds Tran Hao as King of Vietnam.
Births 
 Isabeau de Bavière, queen of Charles VI of France (died 1435)
 William de Ros, 7th Baron de Ros, Lord Treasurer of England (died 1414)
 John Dunstable, English composer (died 1453)
 Jan Hus, Bohemian religious reformer (died 1415)

Deaths 
 January 17 – King Peter I of Cyprus (murdered) (born 1328)
 March 23 – King Pedro of Castile (born 1334)
 August 15 – Philippa of Hainault, queen of Edward III of England
 September 12 – Blanche of Lancaster, wife of John of Gaunt (plague) (b. 1345)
 October 3 – Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol (born 1318)
 John Chandos, English knight
 Patrick Dunbar, 9th Earl of Dunbar (born 1285)
 Ramathibodi I, first king of Ayutthaya (born 1314)
 Agnes Dunbar, 4th Countess of Moray
 Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick
Events 
 May 24 – The Treaty of Stralsund ends the war between Denmark and the Hanseatic League.
 October 20 – Philip of Anjou, Titular Emperor of Constantinople, marries Elisabeth of Slavonia, daughter of Stephen, duke of Transylvania and Slavonia, and Margareta of Bavaria.
 December 20 – Pope Gregory XI succeeds Pope Urban V as the 201st pope.
 Steel Crossbow first used as a weapon of war.
 Carthusian monks build the Charterhouse in London.
 Fortification of Xian City (Chang'an)
 Timur completes his conquest of Cental Asia and parts of Persia, establishing the Timurid Empire.
 Tran Phu deposes Duong Nhat Le as King of Vietnam.
 For the second time since 1368, Moscow attacks Tver. Tver again makes a counter-attack with the aid of Lithuania and the Blue Horde.
 Casimir III of Poland is succeeded jointly by his sister, Elisabeth of Kujavia, and her son, Louis I of Hungary. Beginning of the rule of Poland by the Capet-Anjou family.
Births 
 Duke William of Austria (died July 14, 1406)
 Guarino da Verona, Italian humanist (died 1460)
 Joanna of Navarre, daughter of Charles II of Navarre (died 1437)
 John Lydgate, English Benedictine monk and poet (died 1451)
 Queen Mary of Sicily (died 1402)
 Erasmo of Narni, Italian mercenary (died 1443)
 King Olaf IV of Norway (died 1387)
 John VII Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (died 1408)
 Jan Piast, Duke of Ziebice (died 1428)
 Jan Sindel, Polish scientist (died 1443)
 Jan Zizka, leader of the Hussites (died 1424)
 Pawel Wlodkowic, Polish scholar (died 1435)

Deaths 
 December 19 – Pope Urban V (born 1310)
 Casimir III of Poland (born 1310)
 Ukhaatu Khan, Grand khan of the Mongol Empire (born 1320)
 Shi Nai'an, Chinese writer (born 1296)
Events 
 In this year, the city of Aachen, Germany begins adding a Roman numeral Anno Domini date to a few of its coins. It is the first city in the world to do so.
 The French & the Castilians defeat the English in the naval Battle of La Rochelle. The French gain control of the English Channel for the first time since 1340.
 4 year old Muhammad as-Said succeeds his father, Abu l-Fariz Abdul Aziz I, as Marinids Sultan of Morocco.
 Welshman Owain Lawgoch makes a second attempt to take the throne of Wales from the English. Whilst attacking the island of Guernsey, Owain abandons the invasion in order to fight the English at the Battle of La Rochelle.
 Newaya Maryam succeeds his father, Newaya Krestos, as ruler of Ethiopia.
 Peace declared between the Kingdom of Sicily and the Kingdom of Naples.
 The Kingdom of Chūzan (now in southern Japan) enters tributary relations with Ming Dynasty China.
Births 
 March 13 – Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans, son of king Charles V of France (died 1407)
 Makhdoom Ali Mahimi, Sufi saint from India
 Princess Beatrice of Portugal, future Queen of Portugal and Queen-consort of Castile (died 1410)

Deaths 
 August 31 – Ralph Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford, English soldier (born 1301)
 Eleanor of Lancaster, English noblewoman (born 1318)
 Bagrat I the Little, King of Georgia
Events 
 March – The peace treaty between England and France is extended until April of 1377.
 April 28 – The start of Good Parliament in England, so called because its members attempted to reform the corrupt Royal Council.
 June 7 – The dying Prince Edward summons his father Edward III and brother John of Gaunt and makes them swear to uphold the claim to the throne of his son Richard.
 June 8 – Edward, the Black Prince dies, becoming the first English Prince of Wales to not rule as king.
 July 10 – The Good Parliament is dissolved. At that time, it was the longest Parliament to have sat in England.
 August 12 – With the help of the Genoese, Byzantine co-emperor Andronicus IV Palaeologus invades Constantinople and dethrones his father, John V Palaeologus, as co-emperor. John V Palaeologus is taken prisoner.
 September – John of Gaunt summons religious reformer John Wycliffe to appear before the Royal Council to defend Gaunt from bishops who have become his enemies.
Fall – John of Gaunt, through the Royal Council, proceeds to undo the work of the Good Parliament.
 December 25 – John of Gaunt presents his nephew, Prince Richard of Bordeaux, to the feudatories of the realm and swears to uphold Richard's right to succeed Edward III.
 Khan Qamar al-din of Mongolistan unsuccessfully invades Timur’s eastern province of Farghana.
 Timur leads his army against troops of the White Horde which have arrived at Sighnaq. However, winter sets in, preventing an immediate battle.
 Dmitri Donskoi of Moscow raids Mongol ruled Volga Bulgaria (now in Russia).
 Acamapichtli is elected Tlatoani of the Aztec empire after the death of Tenoch, the first Aztec ruler.
 Catherine of Siena visits Pope Gregory XI in Avignon to attempt to persuade him to make peace with Florence and move the Papacy back to Rome.
 Olaf III becomes King of Denmark after the death of his grandfather, Valdemar IV, in 1375.
 The city of Sredets in Bulgaria is renamed Sofia after the Church of St Sophia
Mamluk Sultan of Egypt Nasir-ad-Din Shaban II is succeeded by Alah-ad-Din Ali.
 Qutbuddin succeeds his brother, Shahabuddin, as Sultan of Kashmir.
Arts and Literature 
 December 25 – Geoffrey Chaucer goes abroad on secret state business in the company of Sir John Burley.

 22nd July – Fabled date of the appearance of the Pied Piper of Hamelin.

Births 
 November 9 – Edmund Mortimer, English rebel (died 1409)
 Gihwa, Scholar in Korean Buddhism

Deaths 
 January 24 – Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, English military leader
 June 8 – Edward, the Black Prince, son of King Edward III of England (born 1330)
 Simon Langham, Archbishop of Canterbury
 Tenoch, Aztec ruler
1379 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events 
 September 9 – Treaty of Neuberg signed, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between brothers Albert III and Leopold III. Albert III retains the title of Duke of Austria.
 The Venetians and Ottomans invade Constantinople and restore John V Palaiologos as Byzantine co-emperor. Andronikos IV Palaiologos is allowed to remain as Byzantine co-emperor but is confined to the city of Silivri for the remainder of his life.
 John I succeeds his father, Henry II, as King of Castile and King of León.
 Bairam Khawaja establishes the independent principality of the Turkomans of the Black Sheep Empire in present-day Armenia.
 Dmitri Donskoi of Moscow raids Estonia.
 Foundation of New College, Oxford.
 Foundation of Wisbech Grammar School in England.
Births 
 October 4 – King Henry III of Castile (died 1406)
 Ferdinand I of Aragon (died 1416)
 Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmoreland (approximate date; died 1440)

Deaths 
 February 18 – Albert II of Mecklenburg
 May 29 – King Henry II of Castile (born 1334)
 December 16 – John Fitzalan, Marshal of England (drowned)
 Aqsara'i, Persian physician
Events 
 August 14 – Battle of Aljubarrota – John of Aviz defeats John I of Castile in the decisive battle of the 1383-1385 Crisis. John of Aviz is crowned King John I of Portugal, ending Queen Beatrice's rule, and Portugal's independence from Castile is secured.
 August 14 – The Union of Krewo establishes the Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland and Lithuania through the proposed marriage of Queen Jadwiga of Poland and Grand Duke Jagiello of Lithuania and saw the acceptance of Roman Catholicism by the Lithuanian elite.
 October 15 – Battle of Valverde between the armies of Portugal and Castile
 The marriage of Charles VI of France and Isabella of Bavaria-Straubing is celebrated with France's first court ball.
With help from the Ottoman Empire, the Albanians expel their conquerors from Zeta (now Montenegro). Balša II of Zeta is killed in the battle and is succeeded by his cousin, Đurađ II. Albania is then conquered by the Ottomans after the Battle of Savra and the Albanians begin an eighty-year resistance to Turkish rule.
 A group of Hungarian nobels help Charles III of Naples to overthrow Queen Mary as ruler of Hungary and Croatia.
 Scotland resists a small invasion force from England.
 Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde conquers parts the Jalayirid Empire in western Persia, causing a rift between himself and Timur of the Timurid Empire, who had also wanted to conquer Persia.
 Olav IV of Norway is elected as King of Sweden, in opposition to the unpopular King Albert.
 Estense Castle is built in Ferrara in present-day Italy.
 Bodiam Castle is built in East Sussex, England.
Births 
 Thomas Ebendorfer, Austrian historian, (died 1464)
 John FitzAlan, 13th Earl of Arundel (died 1421)
 Jan van Eyck, Flemish painter (approximate date; died 1441)
 Margaret Holland, English noblewoman (died 1429)

Deaths 
 Andronikos IV Palaiologos, co-ruler of the Byzantine Empire
 Joan of Kent, wife of Edward, the Black Prince (born 1328)
Events 
 Elizabeta Kotromanic, the mother of the overthrown Queen Mary of Hungary and Croatia, arranges the assassination of Charles of Durazzo, the ruler of Hungary, Naples, Achaea and Croatia.
 Mary is reinstated as Queen of Hungary and Croatia.
 Charles' son, Ladislas, becomes King of Naples.
 A period of interregnum begins in Achaea, lasting until 1396. Rule of Achaea is sought by numerous pretenders, none of whom can be considered to have reigned.
 July 9 – Battle of Sempach: The Swiss safeguard independence from Habsburg rule.
 Queen Jadwiga of Poland marries Grand Duke Jagiello of Lithuania, unifying their two countries.
 Abu al-Abbas is reinstated as ruler of the Marinid dynasty in present-day Morocco.
 John of Gaunt leaves England to make good his claim to the throne of Castile by right of his second marriage to Constanza of Castile in 1371.
 The Timurid Empire raids Georgia and takes King Bagrat V prisoner. Bagrat is subsequently freed by an army led by his son, George.
Hundred Years' War – Battle of Margate: The English defeat an invading French and Castilian naval force.
 Dan I of Wallachia (now southern Romania) is killed in battle against the Bulgarians and is succeeded by Mircea the Old.
 
 May 9 – King John I of Portugal and King Richard II of England ratified the Treaty of Windsor.
 May 20 – First mention of the city of Piteşti, now in Romania.
 Founding of Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, the oldest university in Germany.
 The Venetians take control of the island of Corfu.
 The Brancacci Chapel begins to be built in Florence.
 Rozhdestvensky monastery is built in Muscovy.
Births 
 March 12 – Ashikaga Yoshimochi, Japanese shogun (died 1428)
 June 24 – Giovanni da Capistrano, Italian saint (died 1456)
 Donatello, Italian artist (died 1466)
 Niccolò Piccinino, Italian mercenary (died 1444)

Deaths 
 July 9 – Duke Leopold III of Austria (killed in battle) (born 1351)
 James Audley, English knight
 William Langland, English poet (born 1332)
Events 
 Sigismund, the future Holy Roman Emperor and husband of Queen Mary of Hungary, orders the murder of his mother-in-law, Elizabeta Kotromanic, and declares himself joint ruler of Hungary.
 Timur conquers the Muzaffarid Empire in central Persia and appoints three puppet rulers.
 Khan Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde invades the Timurid Empire but has to soon after withdraw due to heavy snow.
 August 23 – Death of Olaf, King of Norway and Denmark and claimant to the throne of Sweden. The vacant thrones come under the regency of his mother Margaret I of Denmark who would soon become Queen in her own right.
 December 19 – Battle of Radcot Bridge: forces loyal to Richard II of England defeated by a group of rebellious barons known as the Lords Appellant. Richard II is imprisoned until he agrees replace all the councillors in his court.
 Geoffrey Chaucer begins writing The Canterbury Tales.
Battle of Castagnaro between the Italian cities of Verona and Padua. Padua, led by John Hawkwood, is victorious over Giovanni Ordelaffi led Verona.
 Charles III ascends to the throne of Navarre after the death of his father, Charles II.
 John I succeeds his father, Peter IV, as King of Aragon and Valencia, and forms an alliance with France and Castille.
 Magha II succeeds his brother, Musa II, as Mansa of the Mali Empire.
 June 2 – John Holland, a maternal half-brother of Richard II of England, is created Earl of Huntingdon.
Births 
 August 9 – King Henry V of England (died 1422)
 Henriette of Mömpelgard, countess of Mömpelgard and regent of Württemberg (died 1444)
 Isabella of Valois, Princess of France (died 1410)

Deaths 
 July 20 – Robert IV of Artois, Count of Eu (poisoned) (b. 1356)
 July 22 – Franz Ackerman, Flemish statesman (born 1330)
 August 23 – King Olaf IV of Norway/Olaf III of Denmark (born 1370)
 Peter IV of Aragon (born 1319)
 Richard Og Burke, second Clanricarde
 Peter de la Mare, English politician
 King Charles II of Navarre (born 1332)
 Elizabeta Kotromanic, regent of Hungary
London County Council (LCC) was the principal local government body for the County of London, during its whole existence (1889-1965), and the first London-wide general municipal authority that was directly elected. It covered the area today known as Inner London and was replaced by the Greater London Council. The LCC was the largest, most significant and ambitious municipal authority of its day.

History

The creation of the LCC in 1889, as part of the Local Government Act 1888, was forced by a succession of scandals involving the Metropolitan Board of Works (MBW), its predecessor, which had not been directly elected. While the Conservative government of the day would have preferred not to create a single body covering the whole of London, their election promise to the Liberal Unionists led them to this policy. A later Government created the 28 metropolitan boroughs as lower tier authorities to replace the various local authorities in 1899; they assumed some powers of the LCC and shared others.
The LCC inherited the powers of its predecessor the MBW, but also had wider authority over matters such as education, city planning and council housing.  It took over the functions of the London School Board in 1903, and Dr C W Kimmins was appointed chief inspector of the education department in 1904.

References

Local government in London
1889 establishments in England
1965 disestablishments in England
When dealing with money, denomination is the value of the individual currency. 

For example a one dollar bill, a 100 dollar bill, a penny and a quarter are all different denominations of money. A one dollar bill and a one dollar coin are the same denomination as they are the same value.

Monetary union
When countries form a monetary union, redenomination may be required and the conversion ratio is often not a nice even number, or even less than 1.

Decimalisation
When countries that had a "pound (£) - shilling (s) - pence (d)" (£sd) currency system converted to a system which had pounds (£) and pennies (p) or dollars ($) and cents (¢) it was called decimalisation. In the £sd system, £1 = 20s and 1s = 12d, so £1 = 240d. However in the new systems £1 = 100p or $1 = 100¢ or 100c - a decimal-based system, hence the word "decimalised".

Related pages
 Inflation

Currency
Episcopalian and Episcopal could mean:

 Episcopal Church
 Anglican Communion, Anglican Churches worldwide
 Anglicanism, people, institutions and concepts of the Anglican Communion (UK and Commonwealth common usage)
A simulation is a way of seeing a thing happen without it actually taking place in the same way. A simulation can be used to predict what might happen without doing it, in case it is dangerous or too expensive or difficult. It can also be used to show people what will happen next, or what happened in the past. It can also show what people believe is happening in a place or time where it is impossible to know what really happens. 

There are research institutions just devoted to simulations, like, e.g., The George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation or NEES.
Simulations are used for many purposes, because in a simulation things can be controlled that might not be easy to control in real life.  They can use smaller versions of an object or system for testing or practice.  Smaller versions of things, like space ships or rooms, can simulate the real thing.  They can also be safer, in place of a thing that is dangerous, like when astronauts practice in a swimming pool rather than in outer space. Astronauts practiced in simulations of the moon before they went and landed there.  They use simulations of spaceships that move the way real spaceships do.  Simulations often use computers.  Computers are used to make simulations of what a spaceship's route might be on the way to the moon, to help plan the mission.
Video games
One type of video game is called simulator games". These games let the player simulate doing different things. For example, in the game Theme Hospital, players perform simulated surgery. SimCity'' lets players design and build their own simulated city.

Related pages

 Scientific model

 International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
 Monte Carlo algorithm

Research
Scientific modeling
Peter, Paul and Mary were an American folk music group, most famous during the 1960s. The members are Peter Yarrow, Paul (Noel) Stookey and Mary Travers.

Their songs include "If I Had a Hammer" (also called "The Hammer Song"), "Puff, the Magic Dragon", "Leavin' On a Jet Plane" written by John Denver, and "Blowin' in the Wind", written by Bob Dylan. They recorded other Dylan songs, helping his early career. They made records, toured to perform, and appeared on television shows, including The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour.

Peter, Paul and Mary disbanded in 1970, but reunited later, made tours and recorded new music.

Mary Travers died on September 16, 2009, after chemotherapy treatments for leukemia.

Sources
Sources

1961 establishments in New York (state)
1960s American music groups
1970s American music groups
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
Folk music groups
Musical groups disestablished in 2009
Musical groups established in 1961
Musical groups from New York City
Musical groups disestablished in 1970
1970 disestablishments in the United States
1970s disestablishments in New York (state)
Musical groups established in 1978
1978 establishments in the United States
1970s establishments in New York (state)
2009 disestablishments in New York (state)
Jennifer Warnes (born March 3, 1947) is an American singer. She first became famous during the late 1960s, and was a regular performer on The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour. She performed alongside Leonard Cohen in his 1984 album Various Positions.

In the late 1970s, she had hit records including "Right Time of the Night" and "I Know a Heartache When I See One". In the 1980s, she sang duets with Joe Cocker ("Up Where We Belong") and Bill Medley ("(I've Had) The Time of My Life"), which were also hits. The singer was born March 3, 1947.

1947 births
Living people
Singers from Los Angeles
Super Friends is an American cartoon television series about a team of superheroes which ran from 1973 to 1986 on ABC as part of its Saturday morning cartoon lineup. It was produced by Hanna-Barbera and was based on the Justice League of America and related comic book characters published by DC Comics.

Children's television series
English-language television programs
Warrabah is a national park in New South Wales (Australia), 371 km north of Sydney.

Fact sheet
Area: 34.71 km²
Coordinates: 
Date of establishment: July 6, 1984
Managing authorities: New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service
IUCN category: II

Protected areas of New South Wales
National parks in Australia
Shepreth is a small village in South Cambridgeshire on the main line between Cambridge and London.

It contains a wildlife park (Willers Mill, a.k.a. Shepreth Wildlife Park), a nature reserve (Shepreth L-Moor) and one of the UK's only insect research laboratories.

Images

Villages in Cambridgeshire
Blair College is now Everest College a for-profit college in Colorado Springs, Colorado.  Everest College offers career college programs in many areas. The College was founded in Pueblo, Colorado as Brown's School of Business in 1897, changing its name to Blair's Business College in 1918. In 1981, Blair Business College changed its name to Blair Junior College.  In 1996, the College was bought by Rhodes Colleges, Inc., a division of Corinthian Colleges, Inc. and the name was changed to Blair College.  In 2006, the name was finally changed to the current Everest College.

Colleges and universities in Colorado
Colorado Springs, Colorado
1897 establishments in the United States
1890s establishments in Colorado
Ilocos Region is a region in the Philippines. Its regional center is San Fernando, La Union. The region has four provinces: Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union and Pangasinan.

Inhabitants are called Ilocanos and they speak the Ilocano language.

The term Ilocos Region is derived from this term. However, the designation of Ilocos as the basis of the name of the region promotes the wrong notion that all the residents of Region 1 are Ilocanos. Because 28% of the inhabitants are Pangasinan people, who belong to a different ethno-linguistic group from the Ilocanos.

Regions of the Philippines
Bill Medley (born September 19, 1940 in Los Angeles, California) is an American singer and songwriter. He was a founding member of the Righteous Brothers. He also had a solo career.

In 1987, Medley had a hit record with a duet he sang with Jennifer Warnes, "(I've Had) The Time of My Life". It was the theme to a popular movie, Dirty Dancing.

References 

1940 births
Living people
Singers from Los Angeles
Musicians from Los Angeles
An  adventure is something exciting that happens to someone.  An adventure can be a made-up story, or it can be something that happens in real life.

People often like stories about a person or a group of people who go off and have an adventure.  There is often some danger in the story. Enid Blyton and Edgar Rice Burroughs wrote stories about people who have exciting adventures. Harry Potter has lots of adventures: he meets strange people and gets into lots of dangerous situations.

People in real life like to have adventures. They may be explorers who like to go to far-away places where no one has ever been before.

Adventure sports are sports that are exciting and can be rather dangerous. Skydiving, gliding and rock climbing are adventure sports.

An adventure playground is a playground for children where they can climb, swing and jump on things. They have been made by adults for children to use and are normally quite safe.

An adventurer is someone who goes on adventures or does things that are risky.
Space travel is an example of a modern adventure.

An adventure game is a video game about adventures.

The word venture is a short form of "adventure".  A "business venture" is a business project in which there is a lot of risk.  "Venture" can also be a verb: "They ventured out into the storm".

Related pages 
Action movie
Brooms are a group of evergreen, semi-evergreen, and deciduous shrubs.

All the brooms and their relatives (including Laburnum and Ulex) grow in Europe, north Africa and southwest Asia. The greatest diversity one can find in the Mediterranean region. Many brooms (though not all) are fire-climax species, adapted to regular stand-replacing fires which kill the above-ground parts of the plants, but create conditions for regrowth from the roots and also for germination of stored seeds in the soil.

The most familiar is common broom, that grows in northwestern Europe. One can find it in sunny sites, usually on dry, sandy soils. Like most brooms, it has apparently leafless stems that in spring and summer are covered with golden-yellow flowers. In late summer, its pea-pod like seed capsules burst open, often with an audible pop, spreading seed from the parent plant. It makes a shrub about 1–3m tall, rarely to 4m. It is also the hardiest broom, tolerating temperatures down to about -25 °C.
The brooms belong to the subfamily Faboideae of the legume family Fabaceae, mainly in the three genera  Chamaecytisus, Cytisus and Genista, but also in five other small genera (see box, right). All genera in this group are from the tribe Genisteae (syn. Cytiseae). These genera are all closely related and share similar characteristics of dense, slender green stems and very small leaves, adaptations to dry growing conditions. Most of the species have yellow flowers, but a few have white, orange, red, pink or purple flowers.

Folklore
A traditional rhyme from Sussex says: "Sweep the house with blossed broom in May/sweep the head of the household away." Despite this, it was also common to include a decorated bundle of broom at weddings. Ashes of broom were used to treat dropsy, while its strong smell was said to be able to tame wild horses and dogs.

Gallery

References
References

Mabey, Richard Flora Britannica, Sinclair-Stevenson, London, 1996, 
Royal Horticultural Society's plant database  (Accessed 20:53, 29 October 2006 (UTC))

Faboideae
A broom is a cleaning tool. It consists of stiff fibres attached to, and roughly parallel to, a cylindrical handle, the broomstick.  In the context of witchcraft, "broomstick" is likely to refer to the broom as a whole. A smaller whisk broom or brush is sometimes called a duster.

History of broom design
Brooms have changed very much in their construction, since they developed from ad-hoc use of branches and bundles of several natural fibres. Originally, all brooms were round, a shape that is easy to construct but inefficient for actually sweeping. Brooms could be attached to a handle, either short for a whisk broom, or long for a broom used to sweep the floor or fireplace. The word for the tool was originally besom, broom simply being the material of which it was normally made. The fibres used in modern brooms are from broom corn. They are long, straight, durable, and bound together  in the plant. The newest major change is the flat broom, invented by the Shakers in the 1800s, which has far more width for pushing dirt and nearly all brooms produced today are flat brooms.

Brooms and witchcraft
Brooms have long been connected with witchcraft, almost universally portrayed as medieval-style round brooms and associated with female witches. Despite the association with women, in 1453, the first known case of claiming to have flown on a broomstick is recorded, confessed by the male witch Guillaume Edelin.

In Literature and Poetry

In the Bible, Luke 15:8 "The Parable of the Lost Coin", the broom is used as a symbol for women's work.  "Or suppose a woman has ten silver coins and loses one.  Does she not light a lamp, sweep the house and search carefully until she finds it?"

In many works of fiction, broomsticks are pictured as a means of air transport for witches. A broom is usually flown with the brush behind the rider.

The Harry Potter book series is distinctive in portraying magical flying brooms as used equally by both sexes, and especially prominently by Quidditch players as analogues of polo ponies.

Many toys and costume accessories have been made in the form of brooms.

Related pages
Mop
Related pages
Mop

References 

 Dundes, A. (1996) "Jumping the Broom": On the origin and meaning of an African American Wedding Custom.  The Journal of American Folklore. 109 (433) p. 324-329.  Retrieved from JSTOR 
 Gabriel Dumont Institute. (2001). Broom Dance, Metisfest 2001. Retrieved on  May 18, 2007 from http://www.metismuseum.ca The Virtual Museum of Metis History and Culture. Gabriel Dumont Institute of Native Studies and Applied Research.

Other websites 

A history of brooms's use in witchcraft
Unclean Sweep 

Cleaning tools
A broom is a cleaning tool which also had other uses, e.g. magical and for punishment.

Broom may also mean:

 Broom (shrub), a group of evergreen, semi-evergreen, and deciduous shrub genera from the Cytiseae tribe
 Broom (album), an album by the American indie band Someone Still Loves You Boris Yeltsin
 Broom-Hilda, U.S. newspaper comic strip created by Russell Myers
 Broomstick Scientists - The 9393 Technical Service Unit at White Sands Proving Grounds launched three V-2 rockets after Operation Hermes, beginning with TF-1 on August 22, 1951

Places
 Broom, Bedfordshire
 Broom, South Yorkshire
 Loch Broom, Scotland

Surname
 Jacob Broom
 James M. Broom
 Neil Broom
 Robert Broom (1866 - 1951), South African physician and paleontologist

Homophones
 Brome
 Broome

References
Since the germ theory of disease, it has also now means no germs and other waste. In industry, certain processes need conditions of exceptional cleanliness which are achieved by working in cleanrooms. To remove grime, loose paint, mud, mold, dust and other types of stubborn dirt, high pressure water cleaning is used. Water is a widely used prime cleaning agent because it dissolves more substances than most other liquids. In fact, it is often referred to as the “universal solvent.” A very new idea is that ‘dirt’ may play a useful role in our immune systems. It is estimated that washing hands with soap and water could reduce diarrheal disease-associated deaths by up to 50%. A large percentage of foodborne disease outbreaks are spread by contaminated hands. Appropriate hand washing practices can reduce the risk of foodborne illness and other infections. It is estimated that washing hands with soap and water could reduce diarrheal disease-associated deaths by up to 50%
. A large percentage of foodborne disease outbreaks are spread by contaminated hands. Appropriate hand washing practices can reduce the risk of foodborne illness and other infections.
Related pages
Sanitation

Notes
 Boy Scouts. 2007. "Boy Scout's Oath, Law, Motto, and Slogan." Retrieved May 10, 2007, http://www.scouting.org/factsheets/02-503a.html 
 Cleaning Network. 2008. "Cleanliness Article" Retrieved March 10, 2008, http://www.cleaning-services.org/cleaningnews.html 
Pressure Washerify. 2017. "House Cleaning Guide & Tips" Retrieved December 28, 2017, https://pressurewasherify.com/blog/house-cleaning/

References

Hygiene
Virtues
Washing is one way of cleaning, with water and often some kind of soap or detergent.  Washing is an essential part of good hygiene and health.

Soaps and detergents help to spread the oils and dirt particles through the water, so they can be washed away. The spreading of oil through water is called emulsification. 

People usually wash themselves periodically.

Related pages
 washing machine
 Cleanliness
 Hand washing

Hygiene
Car Wash can mean:

 Car wash, a facility for cleaning automobiles
 Car Wash (movie), a 1976 film
 Car Wash (album), a soundtrack album to the film
 Car Wash (song), a song by Rose Royce from the soundtrack (later covered by Christina Aguilera featuring Missy Elliot on the sound track of the movie 'Shark Tale'