Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Pachycereus
 Pachycormus
 Pachycymbium
 Pachyphragma
 Pachyphytum
 Pachypodium
 Pachysandra
 Pachystachys
 Pachystegia
 Pachystima
 Pachyveria (hybrid genus)
 Paeonia (peony)
 Paliurus
 Pamianthe
 Panax (ginseng)
 Pancratium (sea lily)
 Pandanus (screw pine)
 Pandorea
 Panicum
 Papaver (poppy)
 Paphiopedilum (slipper orchid)
 Paradisea (paradise lily)
 Parahebe
 Paraquilegia
 Parkinsonia
 Parnassia
 Parochetus
 Parodia
 Paronychia
 Parrotia
 Parrotiopsis
 Parthenocissus
 Passiflora (granadilla, passionflower)
 Patersonia
 Patrinia
 Paulownia
 Paurotis
 Pavonia
 Paxistima
 Pedilanthus
 Pediocactus
 Pelargonium (geranium)
 Pellaea
 Peltandra (arrow arum)
 Peltoboykinia
 Peltophorum
 Peniocereus
 Pennisetum
 Penstemon
 Pentachrondra
 Pentaglottis
 Pentas
 Peperomia
 Peraphyllum
 Pereskia
 Perezia
 Pericallis
 Perilla
 Periploca
 Perovskia
 Pernettya (now included in Gaultheria)
 Persea
 Persicaria (fleeceflower, knotweed)
 Petasites (butterbur, sweet coltsfoot)
 Petrea
 Petrocosmea
 Petrophile
 Petrophyton
Petrophyton
 Petrophytum
 Petrorhagia
 Petroselinum (parsley)
 Petteria
 Petunia
 Phacelia
 Phaedranassa (queen lily)
 Phaius (an orchid genus)
 Phalaenopsis (moth orchid)
 Phalaris
 Phebalium
 Phegopteris (beech fern)
 Phellodendron (cork tree)
 Philadelphus (mock orange)
 Philageria (hybrid genus)
 Philesia
 Phillyrea
 Philodendron
 Phlebodium
 Phlomis
 Phlox
 Phoenix (date palm)
 Phormium
 Photinia
 Phragmipedium (an orchid genus)
 Phragmites (reed)
 Phuopsis
 Phygelius
 Phylica (Cape myrtle)
 Phylliopsis (hybrid genus)
 Phyllocladus (toatoa)
 Phyllodoce
 Phyllostachys
 Phyllothamnus (hybrid genus)
 Physalis (ground cherry)
 Physaria (bladderpod)
 Physocarpus
 Physoplexis
 Physostegia
 Phyteuma
 Phytolacca (pokeweed)
 Picea (spruce)
 Picrasma
 Pieris
 Pilea
 Pileostegia
 Pileosella
 Pilosocereus
 Pimelea
 Pimpinella
 Pinanga
 Pinckneya
 Pinellia
 Pinguicula (butterwort)
 Pinus (pine)
 Piper (pepper)
 Piptanthus
 Pisonia
 Pistacia (pistachio)
 Pistia
 Pitcairnia
 Pithecellobium
 Pittosporum
 Pityrogramma
Pityrogramma
 Plantago (plantain)
 Platanus (plane tree, sycamore)
 Platycarya
 Platycerium (staghorn fern)
 Platycladus (Chinese arborvitae)
 Platycodon (balloon flower)
 Platystemon (creamcups)
 Plectranthus
 Pleioblastus
 Pleione (an orchid genus)
 Pleiospilos (living granite)
 Pleurothallis (an orchid genus)
 Plumeria (frangipani)
 Poa
 Podalyria
 Podocarpus
 Podophyllum (mayapple)
 Podranea
 Polemonium (jacob's ladder, abscess root)
 Polianthes
 Poliothyrsis
 Polygala (milkwort, seneca, snakeroot)
 Polygonatum
 Polygonum (knotweed, knotgrass)
 Polypodium
 Polyscias
 Polystichum
 Poncirus
 Pongamia
 Pontederia (pickerel weed)
 Populus (aspen, poplar, cottonwood)
 Porana
 Portea
 Portulaca (purslane, moss rose)
 Portulacaria
 Posoqueria
 Potamogeton
 Potentilla (cinquefoil)
 Pothos
 Potinara (hybrid orchid genus)
 Pratia
 Primula (primrose)
 Prinsepia
 Pritchardia
 Proboscidea (unicorn plant)
 Promenaea
 Prosopis (mesquite)
 Prostanthera (mint bush)
 Protea
 Prumnopitys
 Prunella (self-heal)
Prunus (almond, apricot, cherry, peach, plum)
 Pseuderanthemum
 Pseudocydonia
 Pseudolarix (golden-larch)
 Pseudopanax
 Pseudosasa
 Pseudotsuga (douglas-fir)
 Pseudowintera
 Psiolotum
 Psychopsis (butterfly orchid)
 Psylliostachys (statice)
 Ptelea
 Pteris (brake, table fern)
 Pterocactus
 Pterocarya (wingnut)
 Pteroceltis
 Pterocephalus
 Pterodiscus
 Pteropogon
 Pterostyrax
 Ptilotus
 Ptychosperma
 Pueraria
 Pulmonaria (lungwort)
 Pulsatilla
 Pultenaea
 Punica (pomegranate)
 Purshia
 Puschkinia
 Putoria
 Puya
 Pycnanthemum
 Pycnostachys
 Pyracantha (firethorn)
 Pyrola (wintergreen)
 Pyrostegia
 Pyrrosia
 Pyrus (pear)
Q 

 Quamoclit
 Quaqua
 Quercus (oak)
 Quesnelia
 Quisqualis

 R
R 

 Ramonda
 Ranunculus (buttercup, crowfoot)
 Ranzania
 Raoulia
 Raphia (raffia)
 Ratibida
 Ravenala (traveler's tree)
 Rebutia
 Rehderodendron
 Rehmannia
 Reineckia
 Reinwardtia
 Reseda (mignonette)
 Retama
 Rhamnus
 Rhaphidophora
 Rhaphiolepis
 Rhapidophyllum (needle palm)
 Rhapis (lady palm)
 Rheum (rhubarb)
 Rhexia
 Rhipsalis
 Rhodanthe (strawflower)
 Rhodanthemum
 Rhodiola
 Rhodochiton
 Rhododendron
 Rhodohypoxis
 Rhodophiala
 Rhodothamnus
 Rhodotypos
 Rhoeo
 Rhoicissus
 Rhombophyllum
 Rhus (sumac)
 Rhynchelytrum
 Rhynchostylis (an orchid genus)
 Ribes (currant)
 Richea
 Ricinus (castor-oil plant)
 Rigidella
 Robinia
 Rochea
 Rodgersia
 Rodriguezia
 Rohdea
 Romanzoffia
 Romneya (Matilija poppy, tree poppy)
 Romulea
 Rondeletia
 Rosa (rose)
 Roscoea
 Rosmarinus (rosemary)
 Rossioglossum
 Rothmannia
 Roystonea (royal palm)
 Rubus (raspberry)
 Rudbeckia (coneflower)
 Ruellia
 Rumex (dock)
 Rumohra
 Rupicapnos
 Ruschia
 Ruscus
 Russelia
 Ruta (rue)

 S
Sabal (palmetto)
 Saccharum (plume grass, sugar cane)
 Sadleria
 Sagina (pearlwort)
 Sagittaria (arrowhead)
 Saintpaulia (African violet)
 Salix (willow)
 Salpiglossus
 Salvia (sage)
 Salvinia
 Sambucus (elder)
 Sanchezia
 Sandersonia
 Sanguinaria (bloodroot)
 Sanguisorba (burnet)
 Sansevieria
 Santolina
 Sanvitalia (creeping zinnia)
 Sapindus
 Sapium (tallow tree)
 Saponaria (soapwort)
 Sarcocapnos
 Sarcocaulon
 Sarcococca
 Saritaea
 Sarmienta
 Sarracenia (pitcher plant)
 Sasa
 Sassafras
 Satureja (savory)
 Sauromatum
 Saxegothaea
 Saxifraga (saxifrage)
 Scabiosa (scabious plant)
 Scadoxus (blood lily)
 Scaevola
 Schefflera
 Schima
 Schinus
 Schisandra
 Schizachyrium
 Schizanthus
 Schizopetalon
 Schizophragma
 Schizostylis
 Schlumbergera
 Schoenoplectus
 Schomburgkia
 Schotia
 Schwantesia
 Sciadopitys
 Scilla
 Scindapsus
 Scirpoides
 Sclerocactus
 Scoliopsus
 Scopolia
 Scrophularia (figwort)
 Scutellaria
 Securinega
 Sedum (stonecrop)
 Selaginella
 Selago
 Selenicereus
 Selinum
 Semele
 Semiaquilegia
Semiaquilegia
 Semiarundinaria
 Sempervivum (hens and chicks)
 Senecio (ragwort)
 Senna (herb)
 Sequoia (coast redwood)
 Sequoiadendron (giant sequoia)
 Seriphidium
 Serissa
 Serruria
 Sesbania
 Sesleria
 Setaria
 Shepherdia
 Shibataea
 Shortia
 Sibiraea
 Sidalcea
 Sideritis
 Silene (campion)
 Silphium
 Silybum
 Simmondsia (jojoba)
 Sinningia
 Sinocalycanthus
 Sinofranchetia
 Sinojackia
 Sinowilsonia
 Sisyrinchium
 Skimmia
 Smilacina
 Smilax
 Smithiantha
 Smyrnium
 Sobralia
 Solandra
 Solanum (potato, nightshade)
 Soldanella (snowbell)
 Soleirolia
 Solenopsis
 Solenostemon
 Solidago (goldenrod)
 Solidaster (hybrid genus)
 Sollya
 Sonerila
 Sophora
 Sophrolaeliocattleya (trigeneric hybrid orchid)
 Sophronitis (an orchid genus)
 Sorbaria
 Sorbus (rowan, whitebeam)
 Sorghastrum
 Sparaxis
 Sparganium
Sparrmania
 Spartina (cord grass)
 Spartium (broom)
 Spathiphyllum
 Spathodea
 Sphaeralcea
 Spigelia
 Spiraea (spirea)
 Sprianthes (an orchid genus)
 Sporobolus
 Sprekelia
 Stachys (betony)
 Stachyurus
 Stangeria
 Stanhopea (an orchid genus)
 Stapelia
 Stapelianthus
 Staphylea (bladdernut)
 Stauntonia
 Stenanthium
 Stenocactus
 Stenocarpus
 Stenocereus
 Stenomesson
 Stenotaphron
 Stenotus
 Stephanandra
 Stephanocereus
 Stephanotis
 Sternbergia
 Stigmaphyllon
 Stipa
 Stokesia
 Stomatium
 Stratiotes
 Strelitzia (bird of paradise (plant))
 Streptocarpus (Cape primrose)
 Streptosolen
 Strobilanthes
 Stromanthe
 Strombocactus
 Strongylodon
 Stuartia
 Stylidium
 Stylophorum
 Styphelia
 Styrax
 Succisa
 Sulcorebutia
 Sutera
 Sutherlandia
 Swainsona
 Swainsonia
 Syagrus
 Sycoparrotia (hybrid genus)
 Sycopsis
 Symphoricarpos (snowberry)
 Symphyandra
 Symphytum (comfrey)
 Symplocos
 Synadenium
 Syneilesis
 Syngonium
 Synnotia
 Synthyris
 Syringa (lilac)
 Syzygium (rose apple)

 T
Tabebuia
 Tabernaemontana
 Tacca
 Tagetes (Mexican or French marigold)
 Talinum (fameflower)
 Tamarix (tamarisk)
 Tanacetum (tansy)
 Tanakaea
 Tanakea
 Tapeinochilus
 Taxodium (bald cypress)
 Taxus (yew)
 Tecoma (plant)
 Tecomanthe
 Tecomaria
 Tecophilaea
 Telekia
 Telephium
 Tellima
 Telopea (waratah)
 Templetonia
 Terminalia (plant)
 Ternstroemia
 Tetracentron
 Tetradium (bee tree)
 Tetranema
 Tetraneuris
 Tetrapanax
 Tetrastigma
 Tetratheca
 Teucrium
 Thalia (plant)
 Thalictrum
 Thelesperma
 Thelocactus
 Thelypteris
 Thermopsi
 Thespesia
 Thevetia
 Thlaspi
 Thrinax (thatch palm)
 Thryptomene (heath myrtle)
 Thuja (thuja, arborvitae)
 Thujopsis (hiba)
 Thunbergia
 Thymophylla
 Thymus (thyme)
 Tiarella
 Tibouchina
 Tigridia
 Tilia (linden)
 Tillandsia (air plant, Spanish moss)
 Tipuana
 Titanopsis
 Tithonia (Mexican sunflower)
 Todea
 Tolmiea
 Tolpis
 Toona
 Torenia
 Torreya (nutmeg yew)
 Tovara
 Townsendia
 Trachelium
 Trachelospermum
 Trachycarpus (chusan palm)
 Trachymene
 Tradescantia (spiderwort)
Trapa (water caltrop)
 Trichodiadema
 Trichosanthes
 Tricyrtis (toad lily)
 Trientalis
 Trifolium (clover)
 Trillium
 Tripetaleia
 Tripterygium
 Triteleia (triplet lily)
 Tritonia
 Trochodendron
 Trollius (globeflower)
 Tropaeolum (nasturtium)
 Tsuga (hemlock)
 Tsusiophyllum
 Tuberaria
 Tulbaghia
 Tulipa (tulip)
 Tweedia
 Tylecodon
 Typha (cattail)
U 

 Uebelmannia
 Ugni
 Ulex (gorse)
 Ulmus (elm)
 Umbellularia
 Uncinia
 Uniola
 Urceolina
 Urginea
 Ursinia
 Utricularia (bladderwort)
 Uvularia (merrybells, bellwort)

 V 

 Vaccinium (blueberry, cranberry, huckleberry)
 Valeriana (valerian)
 Vallea
 Vancouveria
 Vanda (an orchid genus)
 Vanilla
 Veitchia
 Vellozia
 Veltheimia
 Venidium (cape daisy and others)
 Veratrum
 Verbascum (mullein)
 Verbena
 Vernonia (ironweed)
 Veronica (speedwell)
 Veronicastrum
 Verticordia
 Vestia
 Viburnum
 Victoria (giant waterlily)
 Vigna (cowpea and various beans)
 Viguiera
 Vinca (periwinkle)
 Viola (pansy, violet)
 Virgilia
 Viscaria
 Vitaliana
 Vitex
 Vitis (grape)
 Vriesea

 W 

 Wachendorfia
 Wahlenbergia
 Waldsteinia
 Washingtonia
 Watsonia
 Weberocereus
 Wedelia
 Weigela
 Weingartia
 Weldenia
 Welwitschia
 Westringia
 Widdringtonia
 Wigandia
 Wigginsia
 Wikstroemia
 Wilsonaria (hybrid orchid genus)
 Wisteria
 Wittrockia
 Wolffia
 Woodsia
 Woodwardia (chain fern)
 Worsleya
 Wulfenia

 X
X 

 Xanthoceras
 Xanthorhiza
 Xanthosoma
 Xeranthemum
 Xerophyllum
 Xylosma

 Y 

 Yucca
 Yushania

 Z 

 Zaluzianskya
 Zamia
 Zantedeschia (calla lily)
 Zanthoxylum
 Zauschneria
 Zea (maize)
 Zelkova
 Zenobia
 Zephyranthes
 Zigadenus
 Zinnia
 Zizania (wild rice)
 Zygopetalum (an orchid genus)

Plants
Lists of plants
The common names of plants often vary from region to region, which is why most plant encyclopedias refer to plants using binomials, or "Latin" names. Common names are also referred to as "country names" or "farmer's names". These names develop over time according to use, appearance, and lore.

Most plants have several country names, and country names often refer to several distinct plants. This list includes garden plants as well as weeds.

This is by no means a complete list. Most of the common names here so far are regional names from North America.
__notoc__
A
Alder - Alnus
Black Alder - Alnus glutinosa, Ilex verticillata
Common Alder - Alnus glutinosa
False Alder - Ilex verticillata
Gray Alder - Alnus incana
Speckled Alder - Alnus incana
Striped Alder - Ilex verticillata
White Alder - Alnus incana, Ilex verticillata
Ambrosia
Tall Ambrosia - Ambrosia trifida
Amy Root - Apocynum cannabinum
Apple - Malus
Osage Apple - Maclura pomifera
Apple of Sodom - Solanum carolinense
Arfaj - Rhanterium epapposum
Arrowwood - Cornus florida
Indian Arrowwood - Cornus florida
Ash - Fraxinus
Black Ash- Fraxinus nigra
Blue Ash - Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Cane Ash - Fraxinus americana
Green Ash - Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Maple Ash- Acer negundo
Red Ash - Fraxinus pennsylvanica
River Ash - Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Swamp Ash - Fraxinus pennsylvanica
White Ash - Fraxinus americana
Water Ash- Acer negundo (Manitoba maple in Canada), Fraxinus pennsylvanica  
Azolla - Azolla
Carolina Azolla - Azolla caroliniana

Lists Of Plants
B
Bearberry - Ilex decidua
Bear Corn - Veratrum viride
Bindweed
Blue Bindweed - Solanum dulcamara
Bird's Nest - Daucus carota
Bird's Nest Plant - Daucus carota
Birch - Betula
Black Birch - Betula lenta, Betula nigra
Bolean Birch - Betula papyrifera
Canoe Birch - Betula papyrifera
Cherry Birch - Betula lenta
European Weeping Birch - Betula pendula
European White Birch - Betula pendula
Gray Birch - Betula alleghaniensis
Mahogany Birch - Betula lenta
Paper Birch - Betula papyrifera
Red Birch - Betula nigra
River Birch - Betula nigra, Betula lenta
Silver Birch - Betula papyrifera
Spice Birch - Betula lenta
Sweet Birch - Betula lenta
Water Birch - Betula nigra
Weeping Birch - Betula pendula
White Birch - Betula papyrifera, Betula pendula
Yellow Birch - Betula alleghaniensis
Bittercress - Barbarea vulgaris, Cardamine bulbosa, Cardamine hirsuta
Hairy Bittercress - Cardamine hirsuta
Bittersweet - Solanum dulcamara
Trailing Bittersweet - Solanum dulcamara
Bitterweed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Artemesia trifida
Blackberry - Rubus spp., Rubus pensilvanicus, Rubus occidentalis
Hispid Swamp Blackberry - Rubus hispidus
Pennsylvania Blackberry - Rubus pensilvanicus
Running Swamp Blackberry - Rubus hispidus
Black Cap - Rubus occidentalis
Black-eyed Susan - Rudbeckia hirta, Rudbeckia fulgida
Blackhaw - Viburnum prunifolium
Blackiehead - Rudbeckia hirta
Black-weed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Blue-of-the-Heavens - Allium caeruleum
Bow-wood - Maclura pomifera
Box - Buxus
False Box - Cornus florida
Boxelder - Acer negundo
Boxwood - Buxus, Cornus florida
False Boxwood - Cornus florida
Brier
Sand Brier - Solanum carolinense
Brittlebush - Encelia farinosa
Broadleaf - Plantago major
Brown Betty - Rudbeckia hirta
Black-eyed Susan - Rudbeckia hirta, Rudbeckia triloba
Buffalo Weed - Ambrosia trifida
Butterfly Flower - Asclepias syriaca
Butterfly Weed - Asclepias tuberosa
C
Cabbage - Brassica oleracea
Clumpfoot Cabbage - Symplocarpus foetidus
Meadow Cabbage - Symplocarpus foetidus
Skunk Cabbage - Symplocarpus foetidus
Swamp Cabbage - Symplocarpus foetidus
Canada Root - Asclepias tuberosa
Cancer Jalap - Phytolacca americana
Carrot - Daucus carota
Wild Carrot - Daucus carota
Carrot Weed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Cart Track Plant - Plantago major
Cherry - Prunus
Black Cherry - Prunus serotina
Cabinet Cherry - Prunus serotina
Rum Cherry - Prunus serotina
Whiskey Cherry - Prunus serotina
Wild Cherry - Prunus avium, Prunus serotina
Wild Black Cherry - Prunus serotina
Chigger Flower - Asclepias tuberosa
Coakum - Phytolacca americana
Colic Weed - Corydalis flavula
Collard - Symplocarpus foetidus
Colwort
Hare's Colwort - Sonchus oleraceus
Coneflower
Brilliant Coneflower - Rudbeckia fulgida
Cutleaf Coneflower - Rudbeckia laciniata
Eastern Coneflower - Rudbeckia fulgida
Green-headed Coneflower - Rudbeckia laciniata
Orange Coneflower - Rudbeckia fulgida
Tall Coneflower - Rudbeckia laciniata
Thin-leaved Coneflower - Rudbeckia triloba
Three-leaved Coneflower - Rudbeckia triloba
Cornel
Blueberry Cornel - Cornus amomum
Silky Cornel - Cornus amomum
White Cornel - Cornus florida
Cornelian Tree - Cornus florida
Corydalis - Corydalis
Fern-leaf Corydalis - Corydalis cleilanthifolia
Golden Corydalis - Corydalis aurea
Pale Corydalis - Corydalis flavula, Corydalis sempervirens
Pink Corydalis - Corydalis sempervirens
Yellow Corydalis - Corydalis lutea, Corydalis flavula
Cress - (several genera)
American Cress - Barbarea verna
Bank Cress - Barbarea verna
Belle Isle Cress - Barbarea verna
Bermuda Cress - Barbarea verna
Bulbous Cress - Cardamine bulbosa
Lamb's Cress - Cardamine hirsuta
Land Cress - Barbarea verna, Cardamine hirsuta
Scurvy Cress - Barbarea verna
Spring Cress - Cardamine bulbosa
Upland Cress - Barbarea verna
Crowfoot - Cardamine concatenata
Crow's Nest - Daucus carota
Crow's Toes - Cardamine concatenata
D
Daffodil - Narcissus pseudonarcissus
Daisy
Brown Daisy - Rudbeckia hirta
Gloriosa Daisy - Rudbeckia hirta
Poorland Daisy - Rudbeckia hirta
Yellow Daisy - Rudbeckia hirta
Yellow Ox-eye Daisy - Rudbeckia hirta
David mountain laurel - Sophora davidii
Deadnettle - Lamium
Henbit Deadnettle - Lamium amplexicaule
Devil's Bite - Veratrum viride
Devil's Darning Needle - Clematis virginiana
Devil's Hair - Clematis virginiana
Devil's Plague - Daucus carota
Dewberry
Bristly Dewberry - Rubus hispidus
Swamp Dewberry - Rubus hispidus
Dindle - Sonchus arvensis
Dogwood - Cornus, Solanum dulcamara
American Dogwood - Cornus florida
Florida Dogwood - Cornus florida
Flowering Dogwood - Cornus florida
Japanese Flowering Dogwood - Cornus kousa
Kousa Dogwood - Cornus kousa
Silky Dogwood - Cornus amomum
Swamp Dogwood- Cornus amomum
Duck Retten - Veratrum viride
Duscle - Solanum nigrum
Dye-leaves - Ilex glabra

E
Earth Gall - Veratrum viride
English Bull's Eye - Rudbeckia hirta
F
Fair-maid-of-France - Achillea ptarmica
Fairymoss Azolla caroliniana
Fellenwort - Solanum dulcamara
Felonwood - Solanum dulcamara
Felonwort - Solanum dulcamara
Fern
Mosquito Fern - Azolla caroliniana
Water Fern - Azolla caroliniana
Feverbush - Ilex verticillata
Feverfew - Tanacetum parthenium
Creeping Yellowcress - Rorippa sylvestris
Fluxroot - Asclepias tuberosa
Fumewort
Yellow Fumewort - Corydalis flavula
G
Gallberry - Ilex glabra
Garget - Phytolacca americana
Garlic
Golden Garlic - Allium moly
Wild Garlic - Allium canadense
Garlic Mustard - Alliaria petiolata
Garlic Root - Alliaria petiolata
Gilliflower
Dame's Gilliflower - Hesperis matronalis
Night Scented Gilliflower - Hesperis matronalis
Queen's Gilliflower - Hesperis matronalis
Rogue's Gilliflower - Hesperis matronalis
Winter Gilliflower - Hesperis matronalis
Golden Buttons - Tanacetum vulgare
Goldenglow - Rudbeckia laciniata
Golden Jerusalem - Rudbeckia hirta
Gordaldo - Achillea millefolium
Goose Tongue - Achillea ptarmica
Groundberry - Rubus hispidus
Bristly Groundberry - Rubus hispidus
Gutweed - Sonchus arvensis
H
Harlequin
Rock Harlequin - Corydalis sempervirens
Yellow Harlequin - Corydalis flavula
Hay Fever Weed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Artemesia trifida
Healing Blade - Plantago major
Hedge Plant - Maclura pomifera
Hellebore - Helleborus
American White Hellebore - Veratrum viride
Big Hellebore - Veratrum viride
Black Hellebore - Veratrum nigrum
European White Hellebore - Veratrum album
False Hellebore - Veratrum album, Veratrum viride
Swamp Hellebore - Veratrum viride
White Hellebore - Veratrum album, Veratrum viride
Hemp Dogbane - Apocynum cannabinum
Hen Plant - Plantago major
Henbit - Lamium amplexicaule
Greater Henbit - Lamium amplexicaule
Herb Barbara - Barbarea vulgaris
Hogweed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Holly - Ilex
Deciduous Holly - Ilex decidua, Ilex verticillata
Inkberry Holly - Ilex glabra
Meadow Holly - Ilex decidua
Swamp Holly - Ilex decidua
Winterberry Holly - Ilex verticillata
Horse Cane - Ambrosia trifida
Hortensia - Hydrangea
Hound's Berry - Solanum nigrum
Houseleek - Sempervivum tectorum
I
Indian Hemp - Apocynum cannabinum
White Indian Hemp - Asclepias incarnata
Indian Paintbrush - Castilleja, Castilleja mutis, Asclepias tuberosa
Indian Posy - Asclepias tuberosa
Inkberry - Ilex glabra, Phytolacca americana
Itchweed - Veratrum viride

J
Jack-by-the-Hedge - Alliaria petiolata
Jack-in-the-Bush - Alliaria petiolata
Juneberry - Amelanchier canadensis

K
Keek - Rorippa sylvestris
Kinnikinnik - Cornus amomum
Kousa - Cornus kousa
L
Laceflower - Daucus carota
Lamb's Foot - Plantago major
Leek - Allium
Lily Leek - Allium moly
Lilac
Summer Lilac - Hesperis matronalis
Love Vine - Clematis virginianaM
Maple - Acer
Ash-Leaved Maple - Acer negundo
Creek Maple - Acer saccharinum
Cutleaf Maple - Acer negundo
Maple Ash- Acer negundo
Red River Maple - Acer negundo
River Maple - Acer saccharinum
Silver Maple - Acer saccharinum
Silverleaf Maple - Acer saccharinum
Soft Maple - Acer saccharinum
Sugar Maple -  Acer saccharum, Acer negundo
Swamp Maple - Acer saccharinum
Water Maple - Acer saccharinum
White Maple - Acer saccharinum
Mesquite -  Prosopis
Honey Mesquite - Prosopis glandulosa
Screwbean Mesquite - Prosopis pubescens
Milfoil - Achillea millefolium
Milkweed - Asclepias, Sonchus oleraceus
Blunt-leaved Milkweed - Asclepias amplexicaulis
Common Milkweed - Asclepias syriaca
Horsetail Milkweed - Asclepias verticillata
Orange Milkweed - Asclepias tuberosa
Swamp Milkweed - Asclepias incarnata
Rose Milkweed - Asclepias incarnata
Whorled Milkweed - Asclepias verticillata
Yellow Milkweed - Asclepias tuberosa
Milky Tassel - Sonchus oleraceus
Morel - Solanum nigrum
Petty Morel - Solanum nigrum
Mosquito Plant - Azolla caroliniana
Mother-of-the-Evening - Hesperis matronalis
Mountain Mahogany - Betula lenta
Mulberry - Morus
Red Mulberry - Morus rubra
White Mulberry - Morus alba
N
Nature's Mistake - Cornus florida
Nettle
Bull Nettle - Solanum carolinense
Carolina Horse Nettle - Solanum carolinense
Horse Nettle - Solanum carolinense
Nightshade
American Nightshade - Phytolacca americana, Solanum americanum
Bitter Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara
Black Nightshade - Solanum nigrum, Solanum americanum
Climbing Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara
Deadly Nightshade - Solanum nigrum
Garden Nightshade - Solanum nigrum
Trailing Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara
Woody Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara
Nosebleed - Achillea millefolium
O
Oak - Quercus
Algerian Oak Quercus canariensisBlack Oak - Quercus velutina, Quercus coccinea, Quercus rubraBlue Oak - Quercus macrocarpaBur Oak - Quercus macrocarpaChampion Oak - Quercus rubraDyer's Oak - Quercus velutinaEnglish Oak - Quercus roburMirbeck's Oak - Quercus canariensisMossycup Oak - Quercus macrocarpaMossycup White Oak - Quercus macrocarpaPedunculate Oak -Quercus robur
Pin Oak - Quercus palustris
Red Oak - Quercus rubra, Quercus coccinea
Scarlet Oak - Quercus coccinea
Scrub Oak - Quercus macrocarpa
Sessile Oak - Quercus petraea
Spanish Oak - Quercus coccinea, Quercus rubra
Spotted Oak - Quercus velutina
Swamp Oak - Quercus palustris, Quercus bicolor
Swamp Spanish Oak - Quercus palustris
Swamp White Oak - Quercus bicolor
White Oak - Quercus alba
Yellowbark Oak - Quercus velutina
Old Man's Pepper - Achillea millefolium
Onion
Giant Onion - Allium giganteum
Nodding Onion - Allium cernuum
Tree Onion - Allium canadense
Wild Onion - Allium canadense
Orange
Osage Orange - Maclura pomifera
Wild Orange - Maclura pomifera
Orange-root - Asclepias tuberosa
Osage - Maclura pomifera
Osier
Red Osier - Cornus amomum
P
Parsnip - Pastinaca sativa, Daucus carota
Pellitory
Bastard Pellitory - Achillea ptarmica
European Pellitory - Achillea ptarmica
Wild Pellitory - Achillea ptarmica
Penny Hedge - Alliaria petiolata
Pepper Root - Cardamine concatenata
Pigeon Berry - Phytolacca americana
Plantain
Broadleaf Plantain - Plantago major
Common Plantain - Plantago major
Dooryard Plantain - Plantago major
Greater Plantain - Plantago major
Roundleaf Plantain - Plantago major
Wayside Plantain - Plantago major
Pleurisy Root - Asclepias tuberosa
Pocan Bush - Phytolacca americana
Poisonberry - Solanum dulcamara
Poisonflower - Solanum dulcamara
Poke - Phytolacca americana
Indian Poke - Veratrum viride
Pokeroot - Phytolacca americana
Pokeweed - Phytolacca americana
Polkweed - Symplocarpus foetidus
Polecat Weed - Symplocarpus foetidus
Poor Annie - Veratrum viride
Poor Man's Mustard - Alliaria petiolata
Possumhaw - Ilex decidua
Queen Anne's Lace - Daucus carota
Quercitron - Quercus velutina
R
Radical Weed - Solanum carolinense
Ragweed - Ambrosia
Common Ragweed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Giant Ragweed - Ambrosia trifida
Great Ragweed - Ambrosia trifida
Rantipole - Daucus carota
Raspberry - Rubus spp.
Black Raspberry - Rubus occidentalis
Purple Raspberry - Rubus occidentalis
Redbrush - Cornus amomum
Red Ink Plant - Phytolacca americana
Redweed - Phytolacca americana
Rheumatism Root - Apocynum cannabinum
Ribwort - Plantago major
Roadweed - Plantago major
Rocket - (several genera)
Dame's Rocket - Hesperis matronalis
Sweet Rocket - Hesperis matronalis
Winter Rocket - Barbarea vulgaris
Yellow Rocket - Barbarea vulgaris
Rocketcress - Barbarea vulgaris
Rose - Rosa
Baby Rose - Rosa multiflora
Dwarf Wild Rose - Rosa virginiana
Low Rose - Rosa virginiana
Multiflora Rose - Rosa multiflora
Prairie Rose - Rosa virginiana
Rambler Rose - Rosa multiflora
Wild Rose - Rosa virginiana
S
Sanguinary - Achillea millefolium
Sauce-alone - Alliaria petiolata
Scarlet Berry - Solanum dulcamara
Scoke - Phytolacca americana
Scotch Cap - Rubus occidentalis
Scrambled Eggs - Corydalis aurea
Scurvy Grass - Barbarea verna
Serviceberry - Amelanchier
Common Serviceberry - Amelanchier arborea
Downy Serviceberry - Amelanchier arborea
Shadblow Serviceberry - Amelanchier canadensis
Shadblow - Amelanchier canadensis
Shadbush - Amelanchier canadensis
Silkweed - Asclepias syriaca
Swamp Silkweed - Asclepias incarnata
Virginia Silkweed - Asclepias syriaca
Skunkweed - Symplocarpus foetidus
Snakeberry - Solanum dulcamara
Speedwell=Veronica
Corn Speedwell - Veronica arvensis
Wall Speedwell - Veronica arvensis
Spoolwood - Betula papyrifera
Squaw Bush - Cornus amomum
Stammerwort - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Stars-of-Persia - Allium cristophii
Stickweed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Swallow-wort
Orange Swallow-wort - Asclepias tuberosa
Silky Swallow-wort - Asclepias syriaca
Sneezeweed - Achillea ptarmica
Sneezewort - Achillea ptarmica
Sugarplum - Amelanchier canadensis
Soldier's Woundwort - Achillea millefolium
Stag Bush - Viburnum prunifolium
Swallow-wort
Orange Swallow-wort - Asclepias tuberosa
Silky Swallow-wort - Asclepias syriaca
Sweet Potato - Ipomoea batatas
Sweet Potato Vine - Ipomoea batatas
Sweet William - Dianthus barbatus
Swinies - Sonchus oleraceus
T
Tansy
Common Tansy - Tanacetum vulgare
White Tansy - Achillea ptarmica
Wild Tansy - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Tea
Appalachian Tea - Ilex glabra
Thimbleberry - Rubus occidentalis
Thimbleweed - Rudbeckia laciniata
Thousand-leaf - Achillea millefolium
Thousand-seal - Achillea millefolium
Tassel Weed - Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Thistle - (Several genera)
Annual Sow Thistle - Sonchus oleraceus
California Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Canada Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Corn Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Corn Sow Thistle - Sonchus arvensis
Creeping Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Cursed Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Field Sow Thistle - Sonchus arvensis
Green Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Hard Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Hare's Thistle - Sonchus oleraceus
Milk Thistle - Sonchus oleraceus
Nodding Thistle - Carduus nutans L.
Perennial Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Prickly Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Sharp-fringed Sow Thistle - Sonchus asper
Small-flowered Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Spiny Sow Thistle - Sonchus asper
Spiny-leaved Sow Thistle - Sonchus asper
Swine Thistle - Sonchus arvensis
Tree Sow Thistle - Sonchus arvensis
Way Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Tickleweed - Veratrum viride
Toothwort - Cardamine concatenata
Cutleaf Toothwort - Cardamine concatenata
Purple-flowered Toothwort - Cardamine concatenata
Touch-me-not - Cardamine hirsuta
Traveller's Joy - Clematis virginiana
Tread-softly - Solanum carolinense
Tree Tobacco - Nicotiana glauca
Tuber-root - Asclepias tuberosa
V
Viburnum - Viburnum
Blackhaw Viburnum - Viburnum prunifolium
Leatherleaf Viburnum - Viburnum rhytidophyllum
Violet - (several genera)
Damask Violet - Hesperis matronalis
Dame's Violet - Hesperis matronalis
Violet Bloom - Solanum dulcamara
Virgin's Bower - Clematis virginiana
Virginia Virgin's Bower - Clematis virginiana
W
Waybread - Plantago major
White Man's Foot - Plantago major
White-root - Asclepias tuberosa
Wild Cotton - Apocynum cannabinum,  Asclepias syriaca
Wild Hops - Clematis virginiana
Willow - Salix
Coyote Willow - Salix exigua
Goodding Willow - Salix gooddingii
Red Willow - Cornus amomum
Rose Willow - Cornus amomum
Windroot - Asclepias tuberosa
Wineberry - Rubus phoenicolasius
Winterberry - Ilex verticillata
American Winterberry - Ilex verticillata
Evergreen Winterberry - Ilex glabra
Virginia Winterberry - Ilex verticillata
Wintercress - Barbarea vulgaris
Early Wintercress - Barbarea verna
Woodbine - Clematis virginiana
Wormwood
Roman Wormwood - Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Corydalis sempervirens
Wound Rocket - Barbarea vulgaris

Y
Yarrow - Achillea
Common Yarrow - Achillea millefolium
Fernleaf Yarrow - Achillea filipendulina
Sneezewort Yarrow - Achillea ptarmica
Yellow Fieldcress - Rorippa sylvestris
Yellowwood - Cladrastis lutea, Maclura pomifera

Z

Sources and references
Johnny's Plant Profiles 

 Common name
The Celts were a large group of Caucasian tribes in Europe. They first appeared in the early Iron Age, around 1200 B.C. in Austria.  The name 'Celt' comes from the Greeks.  The Romans called them "Gauls".  They came from the Hallstatt and La Tène cultures. Their culture and genes spread through much of Europe, and by the time the Greeks and later the Romans started emerging, the British Isles and parts of western, southern and eastern Europe were Celtic - the most prominent Celtic tribes were in Gaul. The Celts spoke Celtic languages. Today, the Celtic languages that remain are the Breton, Cornish, Welsh and Gaelic languages.

Celtic society and technology, although not as advanced as the Romans, was far from being primitive for its time. The Celts lived a way of life based on ethical codes and honor codes and had developed a culture of their own, full of unique drawings, sculptures, jewellery, folklore, and building designs and techniques. They were also skilled in blacksmithing, farming and diplomacy.
Celtic warriors would wear war paint and try to scare their enemies by shouting war cries.  Tribes had different dress standards for battle; some warriors wore chainmail and/or leather armor, some wore only clothes and some were known to fight fully naked.  They also had their own type of sword that was very strong and a shield that was very protective. 

When the Roman Republic started expanding, the Gauls and the Romans became very hostile towards each other and clashed on many occasions; however, the Romans were eventually able to defeat them and ended up conquering most of the Celtic tribes in Europe and ruled them until the fall of the Western Roman Empire.  Celtic tribes also fought among each other.  After winning a battle, the Celts would cut off the heads of their enemies and take them home.
During the fall of the Roman Empire most of the old Celtic land ended up being ruled by migrating Germanic tribes and they merged with Romano-Celtic stock (people with both Roman and Celtic ancestry) to eventually form several European nations of today e.g. Portugal, Spain, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg as well as Southern and Western Germany. Territories that are still considered Celtic are Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Isle of Man, Cornwall and Brittany.

References 

Celtic peoples
In economics free good means a good that is available without production, and therefore not scarce.  It is available in as much quantity as desired, with zero opportunity cost to society.

A good that is made available at zero price is not necessarily a free good.  For example, a shop might give away its stock in its promotion, but for the production of these goods, resources were needed, so this would not be a free good in an economic sense.

There are three main types of free goods:

Resources that are so abundant in nature that there is enough for everyone to have as much as they want.  An example of this is the air that we breathe.

Resources that are jointly produced.  This type of free good is produced as a by-product of something else that is more valuable.  Waste products from factories and homes, such as discarded packaging, are often free goods.
Ideas and works that can be copied at zero cost, or almost zero cost.  For example, if someone invents a new device, many people could copy this invention, with no danger of this "resource" running out.  Other examples include computer programs and web pages.

Intellectual property laws have the effect of converting some goods to scarce goods by law. 
Although these goods are free goods (in the economic sense) when they have been produced, they did require scarce resources, such as artistic skill, to create them in the first place.  Thus, intellectual property laws such as copyrights and patents are sometimes used to give exclusive rights to the creators of such "intellectual property", to make sure that people are interested in these activities.
Many futurists theorize that advanced nanotechnology with the ability to automatically turn any kind of material into any other combination of equal mass, will make all goods essentially free goods, since all raw materials and manufacturing time will become perfectly interchangeable.

Goods
A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps. It may be manually operated, electrically or pneumatically driven and may use chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting medium. The load is attached to the hoist by means of a lifting hook.

A "hoist" normally is used for lifting (near vertical) and a winch is normally used for pulling (near horizontal).

Construction sites, especially for buildings of more than five floors in height, often employ hoists to lift workers and building materials.

Types of Hoist 
The basic hoist has two important characteristics to define it: Lifting medium and power type. The lifting medium is either wire rope, wrapped around a drum, or load-chain, raised by a gear-like wheel. The power type can be either electric motor or air motor. Both the wire rope hoist and chain hoist have been in common use since the 1800s.
Other websites 
 Using a two-post hoist (automotive)  Free video content from CDX eTextbook
 Using an engine hoist  CDX eTextbook

Tools
Eugene Onegin (Евгений Онегин in Russian) is an opera by Pyotr Tchaikovsky. It is usually thought to be his greatest opera and one of the best of all Russian operas. Tchaikovsky finished composing it in 1878 and it was first performed in Moscow in 1879.

The story of Eugene Onegin was written by Alexander Pushkin. He was Russia’s most famous writer and Tchaikovsky made several of his stories into operas. He was careful not to make the opera too long, and chose several chapters from Pushkin’s original book so that the story sometimes jumps from one time to a time much later. Russian operas are quite often like this: they are a series of “tableaux”, i.e. scenes from a story. Sometimes the audience has to imagine what happens between the acts.

Roles 
 Eugene Onegin - baritone
 Tatyana - soprano
 Olga - contralto
 Lenski - tenor
 Gremin - bass

The story of the opera
Act 1
 
Tatyana is a young girl who comes from a rich family. She is with her younger sister Olga. Tatyana is reading a novel, but her mother, Madame Larina, tells her that real life is very different from what it is in books. Visitors arrive: Olga’s fiancée Lensky who is a young poet, and his friend Eugene Onegin. Onegin is a rather lazy man who likes to go to parties and socialize. Tatyana immediately feels attracted to him.

Back in her room Tatyana tells her nurse that she is in love. When she is alone she writes a letter to Onegin saying how she loves him. When the nurse returns Tatyana asks her to make sure the letter is sent to Onegin.

Onegin returns to give Tatyana an answer to her letter. He says very politely that he is not really suited to marriage. Tatyana is very upset.
 
Act 2
It is Tatyana's name-day party. Onegin is annoyed that people are gossiping about him and Tatyana. He is cross with Lensky for making him come. He decides to make Lensky cross by dancing with his fiancée Olga. Olga likes this, and Lensky is very jealous. A singer entertains the party by singing a song in honour of Tatyana. Lensky is now furious and tells everyone in a loud voice that he is no longer Onegin’s friend. He challenges Onegin to a duel which Onegin has to accept to keep his honour. 

In the next scene Lensky is waiting for Onegin, and sings a famous song about his fate and his love for Olga. Onegin arrives. Onegin shoots Lensky dead.
 
Act 3
The next act takes place several years later. A rich nobleman in St Petersburg is having a ball. Onegin is thinking about his empty life and how bad he feels about Lensky’s death. Prince Gremin enters with his wife, Tatyana, who is now older and still very beautiful and wealthy. Gremin sings how happy he is with Tatyana and introduces Onegin to her (he does not know anything about how Tatyana used to love him). Onegin desperately wants her to love him again.

In a reception room Tatyana has had a letter from Onegin. Onegin enters and begs her to love him. Tatyana wonders why he is now in love with her. She says she loves him but that she wants to be faithful to her husband. Onegin keeps begging her but in the end she leaves him. Onegin is left in despair.
Discography 
 1936: Panteleimon Nortsov (Onegin), Lavira Zhukovskaya (Tatyana), Bronislava Zlatogorova (Olga), Sergey Lemeshev (Lensky), Aleksandr Pirogov (Gremin); Bolshoy Theatre Orchestra and Chorus, Vasiliy Nebolsin - (Melodiya)
 1948: Andrey Ivanov (Onegin), Yelena Kruglikova (Tatyana), Maria Maksakova (Olga), Ivan Kozlovsky (Lensky), Mark Reyzen (Gremin); Bolshoy Theatre Orchestra and Chorus, Aleksandr Orlov - (Arkadia)
 1955: Dushan Popovich (Onegin), Valeria Heybalova (Tatyana), Biserka Cvejic (Olga), Drago Starc (Lensky), Miroslav Changalovich (Gremin); Belgrade National Opera Chorus and Orchestra, Oscar Danon - (Decca)
 1956: Yevgeniy Belov (Onegin), Galina Vishnevskaya (Tatyana), Larissa Avdeyeva (Olga), Sergey Lemeshev (Lensky), Ivan Petrov (Gremin); Bolshoy Theatre Orchestra and Chorus, Boris Khaikin - (Opera d'Oro)
1974: Bernd Weikl (Onegin), Teresa Kubiak (Tatyana), Julia Hamari (Olga), Stuart Burrows (Lensky), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Gremin); John Alldis Choir, Orchestra of The Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Georg Solti - (Decca)
 1987: Thomas Allen (Onegin), Mirella Freni (Tatyana), Anne Sofie von Otter (Olga), Neil Shicoff (Lensky), Paata Burchuladze (Gremin); Rundfunkchor Leipzig, Staatskapelle Dresden, James Levine - (Deutsche Grammophon)
The music 

Eugene Onegin is often described as a “lyrical” opera. The melodies are very beautiful and romantic. Two of the most famous arias in the opera are the aria that Tatyana sings when she writes the letter to Onegin, and Lensky’s aria which he sings just before the duel. Tatyana is sung by a soprano, Lensky is a tenor and Eugene Onegin is a baritone.

1870s operas
Compositions by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Basingstoke is a large town in Hampshire, England. It is  southwest of London,  northeast of Southampton,  southwest of Reading and  northeast of Winchester. In 2008 it had an estimated population of 82,913. It is part of the borough of Basingstoke and Deane. Basingstoke is often nicknamed "Doughnut City" or "Roundabout City" due to the number of roundabouts.

Often mistaken for a "new town", Basingstoke is an old market town expanded in the 1960s as part of a plan of London County Council, Hampshire County Council and Basingstoke Borough Council. It was developed fast to accommodate part of the London 'overspill' as seen in the Greater London Plan, 1944.

References

Towns in Hampshire
Flerovium is a synthetic chemical element also known as eka-lead. It has the symbol Fl and has the atomic number 114. It is a radioactive superheavy element. 

Flerovium does not exist in nature. It is made from a nuclear reaction between plutonium and calcium. The reaction that happens is a fusion reaction.

Uses 
It currently has no use at the moment as it is being researched right now.

History 
The discovery of Flerovium in December 1998 was reported in January 1999 by scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia. The same team of scientists made another isotope of Fl three months later and made it again in 2004 and 2006.

In 2004 in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research checked it was made by another method.  They found the final products of radioactive decay.
After its discovery, the "new" element was named ununquadium. The named changed on May 30th, 2012 to "flerovium". It was named for the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, which was named for Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry named it so.

Chemical properties 
Not enough Flerovium has been made to measure its physical or chemical properties.  It is thought that it would be a soft, dense metal that changes colour in air.  It may have a low melting point of about 200 °C.

Making it 
Flerovium can be made by bombarding a plutonium-244 target with calcium-48 as a beam of ions.
298Fl - An undiscovered neutron-rich nucleus 
According to the nuclear shell model, the undiscovered neutron-rich nucleus 298Fl may be a doubly magic nucleus, atop the shell closure at N=184. It is predicted that this atom, amid the closed nuclear shells, expected to have longer half-lives for alpha decay and spontaneous fission. However using the fusion-evaporation method to produce this nuclide is impractical, since more neutron-rich starting materials with low proton numbers are unstable due to beta decay.

Estimates for half-lives for this atom range from a few minutes to several billion years.

References

Other websites 

 WebElements.com - Uuq
 Apsidium - Flerovium 
 First postcard from the island of nuclear stability 
 Second postcard from the island of stability 

Post-transition metals
Synthetic elements
Brontosaurus  is a genus of sauropod dinosaur. 

Brontosaurus was originally named by its discoverer Othniel Charles Marsh in 1879. Brontosaurus had long been considered a junior synonym of Apatosaurus. Its only species was reclassified as A. excelsus in 1903. 

However, an extensive study published in 2015 concluded that Brontosaurus was a valid genus of sauropod distinct from Apatosaurus.

Brontosaurus is a member of the family Diplodocidae, a clade of gigantic sauropod dinosaurs. The family includes some of the longest creatures ever to walk the earth, including Diplodocus, Supersaurus, and Barosaurus. Brontosaurus is closely related to Apatosaurus in the subfamily Apatosaurinae.

References 

Sauropods
Fate or destiny is the idea that the future is already planned even if people do not know what their fate is (what is going to happen to them).  Humans in nearly all cultures have had ideas about their fate being “predetermined” (fixed in advance).

People who live unhappy lives may believe that their misery is because of their fate and that they can do nothing about it.  This is called being “fatalistic”.  Other people may believe that they can control their fate by being brave and trying to “overcome”  fate by improving themselves and their lives.
In Greek mythology there were three Fates.  They were three goddesses who determined when every person was going to be born, how they would live and when and how they would die.  Human beings in many cultures had lots of ways in which they would try to “read” their fate (know what would happen to them).  Sometimes they would try to read their fate in the stars (this is called astrology).  In other cultures they might ask a person with powers of magic like a shaman.  The Ancient Greeks often went to Delphi to ask the oracle.

There are lots of references to fate in literature from almost every country and period, from Greek tragedy (e.g. Oedipus Rex) to Shakespeare (e.g. Macbeth) and Russian literature.

Composers may express fate in music.  Beethoven was thinking about Fate when he wrote his Fifth Symphony, and Tchaikovsky when he wrote his Sixth Symphony just before he committed suicide.

See also:
Ananke
Fatalism
Superstition
Moirae
Norns
Fate (opera)
Future
August Heinrich Hoffmann (April 2, 1798 - January 19, 1874), who used Hoffmann von Fallersleben as his pen name, was a German poet. He is best known for writing "Das Lied der Deutschen", which is now the national anthem of Germany, and a number of popular children's songs.

Fallersleben, Heinrich Hoffman von

1798 births
1874 deaths
Lake Peipus (Estonian: Peipsi-Pihkva järv, German: Peipussee, Russian: Чудско-Псковское озеро) is a large fresh water lake. It is between Estonia and Russia in Northern Europe. Lake Peipus is the fourth largest lake in Europe. The lake covers 3,500 square kilometres. It has an average depth of 7m. At its deepest point, Lake Peipus is 15m deep. The lake is used for fishing and recreation.

Peipus
Peipus
Geography of Estonia
The Tantō is a Japanese short sword or dagger.

The tantō's traditional overall length was 11.93 in (1 shaku, about 30 cm). The blade's length was about 5in to 12in (12 1/2 cm to 30 cm). Blades that were bigger (13 to 14 inches) were called ko-wakizashi, meaning "small short sword." The tantōs which varied from the traditional size were called O-tantō or Sunobi tantō.

The tantō was a weapon with a single-edged blade and a curved shape. It was designed for soft targets and was thought to be a hidden weapon of the samurai. It was extremely effective in close fighting.
By this time the quality of the blade was better. It was the time when professional smiths appeared and there were several styles of tantō making. The best known smiths were: Sukesada and Norimitsu (Bizen-den); Kanemoto and Kanesada (Mino-den); Muramasa and Masashige (Ise). The beginning of Edo period (1603-1867 A.D.) was a period of relative peace after Japanese unification and, although not so many were made, they were of good quality. The heat treated blade's edge (hamon) becomes more waved and so more beautiful.

A great number of tantōs were made in the last 700 to 800 years. Some of them were for civil use. Others were made especially for samurai. One of the classifications is based on the hand guard type:
 tantō with a guard called tsuba;
 tantō with an aikuchi style of guard;
 tantō with hamadashi style of guard.
The most popular of the three tantōs were aikuchi and hamadashi. This was because of the fact that these two types had a small guard and they were easier to hide and carry. The tantō was not widely used on the battlefield, so the guard was mostly unnecessary.

Other styles of tantō differed by the shape of the blade. The best known are:
 Hira-zukuri - with a flat, narrow and thick blade. This was designed for slashing and piercing blows.
 Shobu-zukuri - with a ridge line and with a blood groove.
 Moroha - a double edged and very rare tantō
 Kissaki-moroha-zukuri - with a very long and sharp point (o-kissaki)
 Kaikan - short tantō with small guards, usually carried by women.
When the tantō was used on the battlefield it was supposed to go through the armor of the opponent when he was close. The best tantōs for this were those with a long, narrow blade and with a thick spine. The blow was applied with the point directed under or through the armor. The tantō was usually carried in a wide cloth belt (obi) with the edge up and the handle turned to the right. In the samurai house the tantō was often placed with the wakizashi (short sword). Samurai women were taught to use the tantō in case they needed to defend themselves or, if violated, to take their own life.

It is also considered that tantōs of different type were used for suicide ritual (seppuku, also hara-kiri). Still, it was mainly used by women samurai whose suicidal ritual was to cut their own throat. The men samurai had a different ritual: they used a wakizashi sword for disembowelment.

Related pages
 Katana
 Samurai
 Wakizashi
 Naginata
 Nagamaki

Other websites 
 History of Japanese sword polishing 

Japanese swords
Clint Dempsey (born March 9, 1983) is an American footballer from Texas. He plays for Sounders F.C.and is number 2 and, has also played for Fulham F.C. and was number 8. He played for the New England Revolution in the United States before Fulham gave them money (a transfer fee) to get him to play for them, but then was put on Sounders F.C. Dempsey is a good player who is well liked by many people in the United States and England for his hard work and desire to win.

Clint also has taken an interest in rapping. Known as Deuce, he has produced compilations with Big Hawk and XO. He also once defeated Peter Crouch in a freestyle battle.

Other websites 
Official website of Clint Dempsey
Official Fulham FC profile of Clint Dempsey

References

1983 births
Living people
American soccer players
Sportspeople from Texas
Runaway Brain is an animated short movie released on September 22, 1934 by MGM/United Artists. It was produced by Walt Disney and directed by Burton Gillett. The movie is 7 minutes long. It has Peter Penguin, Polly Penguin, Gosalyn Mallard, Honker Muddlefoot, Bubba the Caveduck, Donald Duck, Daisy Duck, Magica De Spell, and Poe De Spell.

Other websites 

Runaway Brain at The Encyclopedia of Disney Animated Shorts

1934 movies
Disney animated movies
English-language movies