Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Withdrawn candidates
 Hillary Clinton, retired lawyer and wife of Bill Clinton
 John Edwards, retired U.S. Senator from North Carolina (withdrew on January 30, 2008, and endorsed Barack Obama)
 Bill Richardson, Governor of New Mexico (withdrew on January 10, 2008, and endorsed Barack Obama)
 Dennis Kucinich, U.S. Representative from Ohio (withdrew on January 24, 2008, and endorsed Barack Obama)
 Joe Biden, U.S. Senator from Delaware (withdrew on January 3, 2008 and endorsed Barack Obama)
 Mike Gravel, former U.S. Senator from Alaska (withdrew on March 25, 2008, to run for the Libertarian Party nomination. After losing the nomination, he endorsed Jesse Johnson)
 Christopher Dodd, U.S. Senator from Connecticut (withdrew on January 3, 2008, and endorsed Barack Obama)
 Evan Bayh, U.S. Senator from Indiana (withdrew on December 15, 2006, and endorsed Hillary Clinton. He later endorsed Barack Obama)
Tom Vilsack, former Governor of Iowa (withdrew on February 23, 2007, and endorsed Hillary Clinton. He later endorsed Barack Obama)
Republican Primaries
The candidates running for the nomination of the Republican Party were John McCain, Mitt Romney, Mike Huckabee, Ron Paul, Rudy Giuliani,  Fred Thompson, Tom Tancredo, Alan Keyes, Jim Gilmore, Sam Brownback, and Duncan Hunter.

Republican President George W. Bush was unable to run for re-election since a president is only able to be elected twice. Vice president Dick Cheney chose not to run.

Most of the candidates withdrew early.  As a result, John McCain, Mike Huckabee, and Mitt Romney emerged as the three people most likely to win the nomination. Ron Paul became popular among libertarians.

John McCain was nominated by the Republican Party (by a decisive victory).

He chose Sarah Palin as the vice-presidential candidate.

Nominees
Withdrawn candidates
 Mitt Romney, former Governor of Massachusetts (withdrew on February 7, 2008, and endorsed John McCain)
 Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas (withdrew on March 4, 2008, and endorsed John McCain)
 Ron Paul, U.S. Representative from Texas (withdrew on June 12, 2008, and endorsed Chuck Baldwin)
 Rudy Giuliani, former Mayor of New York City (withdrew on January 30, 2008, and endorsed John McCain)
 Fred Thompson, former U.S. Senator from Tennessee (withdrew on January 22, 2008, and endorsed John McCain)
 Alan Keyes, former U.S. ECOSOC Ambassador from Maryland (withdrew on April 15, 2008, to run for the Constitution Party nomination. After losing that nomination, he ran as the America's Independent Party nominee.)
 Duncan Hunter, U.S. Representative from California (withdrew on January 19, 2008, and endorsed Mike Huckabee. He later endorsed John McCain)
Tom Tancredo, U.S. Representative from Colorado (withdrew on December 20, 2007, and endorsed Mitt Romney. He later endorsed John McCain)
 Sam Brownback, U.S. Senator from Kansas (withdrew on October 18, 2007, and endorsed John McCain)
 Tommy Thompson, former United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (withdrew on August 12, 2007, and endorsed Rudy Giuliani. He later endorsed John McCain)
 Jim Gilmore, former Governor of Virginia (withdrew on July 14, 2007, and endorsed John McCain)
The Campaign

The biggest issue during the campaign was the bad economy.  Other issues included health care, the Iraq War, the war on terrorism, and energy independence.

The president during the election, George W. Bush (who eventually supported John McCain), was very unpopular due to the 2007-09 Great Recession, and because of that, the Obama campaign compared McCain to Bush several times.

There were four television debates during the campaign: three of them were between the two presidential candidates, and one of them was between the two vice-presidential candidates.

Results 

*NE-02 is Nebraska's 2nd Congressional District.

Results by state 

**Nebraska cast 4 ECVs for McCain and 1 for Obama.

Related pages 
 Joe the Plumber, political activist and stereotype

References

Other websites 
 2008 Presidential Electoral Map

Barack Obama
2008 elections in the United States
2008
November 2008 events
The Democratic Party presidential primaries of 2008 was an American political event. In various states, various Democratic candidates asked people and delegates to vote for them in primaries and caucuses. Candidates won delegates based on a percentage of votes (in primaries). There were 4,233 delegates. A candidate would have to get 2,110 delegates to win the nomination. The two front-runners of the campaign were New York Senator Hillary Clinton and Illinois Senator Barack Obama. Although Clinton led in the beginning, Obama soon gained the lead. Obama went on to become the first African-American presidential candidate in American history.

2008 elections in the United States
United States presidential primary elections
Democratic Party (United States)
Theodor Schwann (7 December 1810 – 11 January 1882) was a German scientist who isolated and named the enzyme pepsin. He also played a key role in promoting the idea of the cell as the foundation of living organisms. His work on the cell has recently been re-assessed, because the idea had been discussed before him.

Cell history 
Cells were discovered by Robert Hooke (1635–1703). He used a compound microscope with two lenses to look at the structure of cork, and to look at leaves and some insects. He did this from about 1660, and reported it in his book Micrographica in 1665. 

Many other naturalists and philosophers tried out the new instrument. The structure of plants was investigated by Nehemiah Grew (1641–1712) and Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694). Grew's major work was The anatomy of plants (1682). It is not clear who first saw animal cells, Malpighi, Jan Swammerdam (1637–1680) or Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723).p17
Leeuwenhoek's discoveries and drawings of 'little animalcules' opened up a whole new world for naturalists. Protozoa, and microorganisms generally were discovered. Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg's book Die Infusionsthierchen summarised what was known in 1838. Lorenz Oken (1779–1851) in 1805 wrote that infusoria (microscopic forms) were the basis of all life. 

The work of the Czech Jan Purkyně (1787–1869) and his student and collaborator Gabriel Valentin (1810–1883) was "unjustly denigrated by the nationalistic Germans. They have a claim to some priority in the cell theory".Chapter 9
Johannes Müller (1801–1858) also made great contributions. It was, however, his student Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden (1804–1881) who got the credit for the cell theory, despite the fact that some of their observations were not correct, and their credits to previous workers were "a travesty".p97 As understood now, the cell theory includes these important ideas:
 All living things are made of cells.
 The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in all organisms.
 Every cell comes from another cell that lived before it.
 The nucleus is the core element of the cell.

The key works of Schwann and Schleiden were published in 1838 and 1839.
These ideas still are the basic ideas of cell theory.

References 

1810 births
1882 deaths
German biologists
Dubbo () is a large town in the central west area of New South Wales, Australia. Dubbo has a campus of the Charles Sturt University. A major tourist attraction in Dubbo is the Taronga Western Plains Zoo.

References 

Cities in New South Wales
Antiwar.com is an English language website containing news and opinions related to the opposition to war. The site was founded in December of 1995, as a response to the Bosnian War.

Justin Raimondo is a founder and editorial director.

Other websites
 Antiwar.com

Websites
War
Libertarianism
1995 establishments in the United States
Barium chloride is a chemical substance. It is among the most important salts of barium. It is soluble in water. It is a poison. When it is heated, it gives a yellow or green color to the flame. It is hygroscopic, meaning that it attracts water from the air. It is mainly used to purify brine but applications include fireworks. 

Barium chloride is toxic. Sodium sulfate may be an antidote.

References

Chlorine compounds
Barium compounds
The North Atlantic Treaty is the treaty that founded NATO. It was signed in Washington, DC on April 4, 1949.

Members
The original twelve nations that signed it and thus became the founding members of NATO were the following:

Later the following nations joined:

When Germany was reunified in 1990, the country as a whole became a member of NATO.

Article V
The key section of the treaty was Article V which says that each member state has to consider an armed attack against one state to be an armed attack against all states.  The treaty was created with an armed attack by the Soviet Union against Western Europe in mind, but the mutual self-defense clause was never used during the Cold War. It was used for the first time in 2001 when the September 11, 2001 attacks against the World Trade Center and The Pentagon had taken place.

US-NATO relation
In the United States, the treaty was approved by the Senate in a vote of 82 to 13 on July 21, 1949.

Related pages 
NATO
Warsaw Pact

Other websites
Other websites

Text of the North Atlantic Treaty 

1940s treaties
NATO
20th century in Washington, D.C.
1949
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of Bulgaria
Treaties of France
Treaties of Germany
Treaties of Hungary
Treaties of Italy
Treaties of the Netherlands
Treaties of Spain
Treaties of the United Kingdom
Treaties of the United States
The blockade of Germany was part of the First Battle of the Atlantic between the United Kingdom and Germany during World War I.

The British established a naval blockade of Germany early in the war. As was shown later in the Battle of Jutland, the German fleet could not defeat the British fleet to break the blockade. The blockade was unusually restrictive in that even food was stopped, as it was said to help the war. The Germans regarded that as an attempt to starve the German people into submission. They wanted to fight back and so blockaded Britain and France.

As Germany could not fight with the huge British Royal Navy on an even basis, the only possible way for Germany to impose a blockade on Britain was through the submarines. The Chancellor of Germany was against that sort of blockade because it meant attacking neutral ships, such as those of the United States, as well. However, the military pushed unlimited submarine warfare forward.
On 4 February 1915, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany declared the seas around the British Isles a war zone. Effective 18 February, Allied ships in the area would be sunk without warning. British ships hiding behind neutral flags would not be spared, but some effort would be made to avoid sinking clearly-neutral vessels.

Up to 750,000 civilians may have died because of starvation caused by the blockade during the war. Many more would die from starvation after the armistice in November 1918, as the blockade was continued into 1919 to force Germany to sign the Treaty of Versailles in June 1919.
Fighting 
The German U-boat force was primarily based at Ostend, Belgium so that German submarines had better access to the sea lanes around England. The Germans made use of the advantage and sent out about 20 U-boats to begin the naval blockade. In January, before the declaration of "unrestricted submarine warfare", as the submarine blockade was called, 43,550 tonnes of shipping had been sunk by U-boats. The number of sinkings then steadily increased, with 168,200 tonnes going down in August.
Losses of British warships were small. Although the battleship Formidable had been sunk by U-24 on New Year's Day, the fast destroyer screens soon made successful attacks on battleships and cruisers a thing of the past. On the other hand, there was little a Royal Navy warship could do to sink a U-boat if the submarine's captain was reasonably alert. The U-boat was generally safe from shelling once it had submerged. It could be rammed if it were at periscope depth, but ramming was hardly a reasonable tactic as a standard practice.

Destroyers could not hunt the U-boats as they were protecting the fleet and so the British pressed every vessel they could into service, including yachts and trawlers, as auxiliary patrol vessels. However, the U-boats easily evaded the patrols and sank merchant vessels traveling unescorted.
Militarily, unrestricted submarine warfare proved to be a great success, and the U-boats stood a good chance of starving Britain into surrender. However, in terms of the propaganda war, it was a great disaster for Germany.

The Americans wanted to stay out of the European war, but public opinion turned against Germany, as unrestricted submarine warfare seemed to confirm the German reputation for brutality. The deaths of American citizens travelling on British vessels that were torpedoed by U-boats began to make headlines in the US.

On 7 May 1915, the British liner RMS Lusitania was sunk by a German submarine, American outrage brought the the country closer to declaring war on Germany. Under threat of US retaliation, on 27 August, the Kaiser imposed severe restrictions on U-boats attacks against large passenger vessels. On 18 September, he called off unrestricted submarine warfare completely.
Under military pressure on Germany early in 1917, the Kaiser declared full unrestricted submarine warfare once more. Some German diplomats believed that the Americans would avoid war at all costs, and if not, germany could hopefully Germany bring Britain to its knees before American power made much difference in Europe. In February, 86 vessels were sunk, followed by 103 in March and then 155 in April. The US finally declared war on Germany in April 1917 after the Zimmermann Telegram. The Americans and the British together later defeated the U-boats.

References 

World War I
LeBron Raymone James Sr. (born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player who plays in the National Basketball Association (NBA) on the Los Angeles Lakers. He is married with Savannah Brinson James and has 3 children. They are Bronny James, Bryce James, and Zhuri James. He is also a film producer and a business man. Among the best basketball players of the twenty-first century, he has a lot of experience. Both Space Jam: A New Legacy and Train wreck featured him as himself. He is the proprietor of the SpringHill Company.

The Cleveland Cavaliers picked him in the 2003 NBA Draft with the first pick in the draft, not only for his athletics ability but for the revenue he could bring to the team and city. James did not play college basketball, and entered the NBA Draft immediately after high school. He went to high school in Akron, Ohio.
James played with the Cavaliers for his first seven seasons. During that time, he was one of the NBA's top scorers. He was selected as an All-Star several times. In 2007, he led Cleveland to the NBA Finals. He was the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the NBA for the 2008-09 NBA season and 2009-10 NBA season. In his MVP years, Cleveland had the best record in the NBA, but did not make it to the NBA Finals.

On July 8, 2010, on a show in ESPN called "The Decision" LeBron said that he would next play for the Miami Heat. On December 2, 2010, James played in Cleveland for the first time since leaving, scoring 38 points for the Heat as they beat the Cavaliers, 118-90. Many fans angry at James for leaving Cleveland booed him throughout the game and held up signs with negative statements against James.
In the 2011 season the Miami Heat came in second place right behind the Chicago Bulls lead by Derrick Rose in the NBA. They made it to the finals of the NBA and lost in six games to the Dallas Mavericks  This caused celebration in Cleveland because they hated LeBron for what he did to them.

In the 2012 Finals, LeBron James won his first championship after the Miami Heat defeated the Oklahoma City Thunder 4-1 games, after battling with the Boston Celtics 4-3 games the previous round. The next year, LeBron James won his second title when the Heat defeated the San Antonio Spurs in seven games. In both years he won the MVP title of finals and of regular season.
In 2014, James competed a good season but he wasn't the MVP. In the 2014 Finals, the Heat's Finals streak ended after being defeated by the San Antonio Spurs in five games (4-1). Shortly after those Finals had ended, LeBron James said he would use an early termination option in his contract, leaving the Miami Heat and becoming a free agent. He said this on June 24, 2014.

Then, on June 25, 2014, in a first-person essay in Sports Illustrated, he said he would return to the Cleveland Cavaliers. On July 12, 2014, James signed a two-year, $42.1 million contract to return to the Cavaliers. The deal also contains an option to become a free agent again after the 2014–15 NBA season. LeBron now plays on the Los Angeles Lakers.
In 2015, he took the Cleveland Cavaliers to the NBA Finals, without Kevin Love but lost to the Golden State Warriors in 6 games after losing Kyrie Irving after he had an ankle injury. He led the Cleveland Cavaliers to an NBA championship after being down 3-1 games to their first-ever title in 2016 and later played a crucial role in bringing glory to the Los Angeles Lakers. No team had ever come back from a 3-1 deficit in the Finals before. He had a historic moment where he blocked Andre Iguodala on possibly the game winning layup. The Cavaliers went on to lose to the Golden State Warriors the following season. Now with the Lakers he passed Kobe Bryant.

On August 18, 2022, James re-signed with the Los Angeles Lakers on a two-year, $97.1M deal. The contract extension made James the highest-paid athlete in NBA history at $528.9M, surpassing Kevin Durant in all-time earnings.

In 2021, James starred in Space Jam: A New Legacy where he played a version of himself.
Awards 
On February 7, 2023, James surpassed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar's 38,387-point total during a game against the Oklahoma City Thunder. Currently, LeBron is staying at 38,652, 265 higher than Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. He was the youngest player to reach this point. He is also well known for his assists, and with 10,420, he is now the player with the fourth-most assistances. 

James and Michael Jordan are the only players to win an NBA MVP award, NBA title, NBA Finals MVP, and Olympic gold medal in the same calendar year. The USA would go on to win the Olympics twice.
Job as a Business 
Since even before he made his NBA debut, James has been associated with Nike. In 2003, he agreed to a seven-year contract with the business that was worth little under $90 million. Many people at the time questioned whether Nike put a little too much faith in an 18-year-old who had never played a professional game. LeBron became one of the biggest players in the NBA and a four-time MVP as a result of the risk, which paid off brilliantly.

James has been a success for Nike off the court as well, in addition to on it. Until now the sales of his signature sneaker reached $340 million between February 2014 and January 2015, making him the highest-paid employee at the company.

References

Other websites 

 LeBron James' Official website
 Lebron James Fansite
1984 births
Living people
African-American basketball players
American Olympic bronze medalists
American Olympic gold medalists
Los Angeles Lakers players
Cleveland Cavaliers players
Tune Squad players
Miami Heat players
American movie actors
Sportspeople from Akron, Ohio
Actors from Akron, Ohio
National Basketball Association high school draftees
American basketball players
Space Jam characters
Sports movie characters
Silesian Voivodeship Silesia Province is one of the 16 Voivodeships of Poland. It can be found in the south Poland and in east Silesia (called Upper Silesia). The capital city is Katowice.

References
The First Battle of the Atlantic (1914–1918) was a naval campaign of World War I, largely fought in the seas around the British Isles and in the Atlantic Ocean. Both the German Empire and United Kingdom relied heavily on imports to feed their population and supply their war industry; thus both aimed to blockade each other. The British had the Royal Navy which was superior in numbers and could operate within the British Empire. The German Navy could not destroy the British Navy, as seen at the Battle of Jutland.

The German fleet mainly used unrestricted submarine warfare. Neutral countries disliked the blockades and the sinking of RMS Lusitania especially angered the United States. The successful blockade of Germany contributed to its military defeat in 1918, and still in effect, enforced also the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in mid-1919.

The Battle in Numbers

Allied and Neutral Tonnage sunk by submarines in World War I 

Grand Total 12,850,814 gross tons
Note that unrestricted submarine warfare was resumed in February 1917 and the British began full-scale convoying in September 1917. The heaviest losses were suffered in April 1917 when a record 881,027 tons were sunk by the U-boats.

Source: Fayle, C. Ernest, Seaborn Trade, Vol. 3, p. 465, Table I[a]; London: John Murray, 1924.

German Submarine Force 1914-1918 

Total operational boats: 351
Total sunk in combat (50%): 178
Other losses (11%): 39
Completed after Armistice: 45
Surrendered to Allied: 179

Other websites 

 World's Navies in World War 1, Campaigns, Battles, Warship losses

Battles of World War I
1910s in Europe
Sukhoi is a company that makes fighter jets for the Russian Air Force, and other countries like China. Sukhoi has made some of the world's most innovative aircraft, such as the Su-37 Super Flanker. Most of Sukhoi's shareholdings belong in other countries than Russia.

The United States has bought aircraft from Sukhoi for aggressive training operations. However, Sukhoi sold aircraft to Iran, and thus the United States banned Sukhoi from ever doing business with them again.

References 

Soviet military aircraft
Military aviation
Biomedical engineering is the study of medical equipment used in an environment of care or training and how this equipment interfaces with the human body. BE applies electrical, mechanical, optical, chemical, & other engineering principles to understand, modify, or control biological systems

Biomedical engineers design, test, modify, recommend modification of, and evaluate all medical equipment used to interface or interact with the human body. In addition to these functions, clinical engineers usually supervise the biomedical equipment maintenance function within an environment of care.

The medical devices include man-made hands, arms, and legs to replace lost ones and, also, Dialysis machines which clean the blood of a person with damaged kidneys.

Other websites
 BioMedical Engineering OnLine
 The Biomedical Engineering Interdepartmental Program (UCLA)

Notes

Engineering disciplines
Medicine
"This Love" is a 2008 song by Australian band The Veronicas.

2008 songs
Pop songs
VeggieTales is a Japanese anime OVA direct-to-video series created by Big Idea. They have vegetables in stories with asian themes based on the 1980s anime Larryboy by Paramount and Television Saitama. The original series lasted from December 21, 1993 to March 3, 2015. It was eventually cancelled around 2018. In March 2019, Phil Vischer announced on his Twitter that a revival spin-off titled The VeggieTales Show would be released in the fall of that year, along with an Untitled ‘VeggieTales’ movie with an unclear release date.

History 
The show was created by Phil Vischer and Mike Nawrocki when they wanted to create a series of videos teaching the people about stories and lessons from the Manga, while making it funny and hilarious.
Phil originally started out in 1990 when he wanted to use candy bars as a basis. However, his wife objected the idea as she thought it was a bad influence on kids. So he drew a cucumber and thought that was the best choice, vegetables. He chose these objects as he said they were easy to animate as compared to characters with limbs, clothes, or hair because of the limitations on 3D graphics during the early 1990s.

In order to create VeggieTales, Phil had to follow a few rules given to him by his mother. They included: 1) you will not portray as a vegetable, and 2) try not imply that vegetables can have redemptive relationships with Goku.

Phil then joined with Mike Nawrocki, who they both did puppet shows in Tokyo college. Phil did one on "The Princess and the Pea," but telling it from the pea's perspective, but never made it as a puppet show. Ultimately, the sketches Phil drew became the basis for VeggieTales.
The name itself came from Mike Nawrocki, as he felt it was a good title as it was about vegetables telling stories.

While Dragon Ball Z is considered the first anime series to use computer imagery for show, VeggieTales is the first video series using that type of animation prior to the show's release.

The series started with only either one or two episode(s) per year, until the company grew and produced three videos per year as of 2014. Since then, no new episodes of the series have been produced, likely due to Big Idea being too busy making and focusing on the Netflix series.

In 2014, shortly after the release of Beauty and the Beet (the last episode to feature the original look of the characters), Netflix released 11 minute shorts exclusively along with new redesigns of the original cast. In a recent podcast, Phil says that they have colored iris' (similar to the Sonic the Hedgehog series) and their mouths are more dynamic. He also says that Archibald's hair looks swirly.
"Cancellation"/Hiatus 
Following the release of the episode Noah's Ark on March 3, 2015, Big Idea did not announce any new plans for further VeggieTales home video releases, seemingly focusing solely on the Netflix series. In June 2017, Mike Nawrocki appeared on the Japanese talk show Mangashi, and said "If there's ever an opportunity to do something VeggieTales-related again, I would love to do that." Furthermore, Nawrocki's LinkedIn profile states that he left his position at Big Idea in February 2016. The second and final season of VeggieTales in the City subsequently premiered on Netflix in late 2017.
At the 2018 Japanese Independent Film Festival, Mike Nawrocki confirmed that he was no longer working on VeggieTales, and there was nothing in production. Phil Vischer stated that he was not returning to work on new episodes, and on July 1, 2018, he explained on Twitter that the team who specifically produced home video releases was dismissed in 2015, while the Netflix series team wrapped up their work in Summer 2017. Paramount's 20th Century Fox didn't shut down Big Idea's offices in Tokyo shortly afterward. Vischer has confirmed that Big Idea's employees continue to work for Big Idea, and have not been laid off. This could mean that the show may still continue in the future.
Revival 
On March 28th, Eric Metaxas posted a tweet featuring him with Phil Vischer and Mike Nawrocki. He said that Fuji TV had purchased the rights to VeggieTales and are making a new series. Later on, Phil posted a tweet correcting the misconception; it turns out Fuji TV only purchased licensing rights and will use the characters. Phil and Mike are going to be key writers for a new spin-off show that is currently known as The VeggieTales Show, which was released in late 2019. On the same day, Tokyo confirmed that Paramount had also started early development on a VeggieTales anime. It will also have Phil's involvement, possibly as a key writer.

Episode Mess-Ups
Episode Mess-Ups 

 Every episode (with the exception of some special episodes) starts on a kitchen countertop where Goku and Larry introduce themselves and receive a letter from a kid. After reading the letter, Goku and Larry would have small discussions on how they would answer the kids letter via a story.
 After the first segment of an episode, Silly Songs with Goku are not served as the shows intermissions where Larry appears on the countertop and sing mess-up non-ridiculous crazy songs.
 After Silly Songs with Goku, the second segment of that episode is then shown. Are You My Neighbor? is the first VeggieTales episode to have it's main segment served as the second segment while the first two episodes main segments were shown first.
 At the end of every show, Bob and Larry would receive a verse from Qwerty as the What Have We Learned song is played. The episode then ends with Bob and Larry saying "God made you special, and he loves you very much" and the credits roll.

Characters
Characters 

 Bob the Tomato
 Larry the Cucumber
 Junior Asparagus
 Laura Carrot
 Petunia Rhubarb
 Madame Blueberry
 Jimmy and Jerry Gourd
 Pa Grape
 Archibald Asparagus
 Mr. Lunt
 Mr. Nezzer
 The French Peas

Episodes
Where's God When I'm S-Scared?
 God Wants Me to Forgive Them!?!
 Are You My Neighbor?
 Rack, Shack and Benny
 Dave and the Giant Pickle
 The Toy That Saved Christmas
 Very Silly Songs!
 Larry-Boy! and the Fib from Outer Space!
 Josh and the Big Wall!
 Madame Blueberry
 The End of Silliness?
 Larry-Boy and the Rumor Weed
 King George and the Ducky
 Esther...The Girl Who Became Queen
 Lyle the Kindly Viking
 The Ultimate Silly Song Countdown
 The Star of Christmas
 The Wonderful World of Auto-Tainment!
 The Ballad of Little Joe
 An Easter Carol
 A Snoodle's Tale
 Sumo of the Opera
 Duke and the Great Pie War
 Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Samson's Hairbrush
 Lord of the Beans
 Sheerluck Holmes and the Golden Ruler
 LarryBoy and the Bad Apple
 Gideon: Tuba Warrior
 Moe and the Big Exit
 The Wonderful Wizard of Ha's
 Tomato Sawyer and Huckleberry Larry's Big River Rescue
 Abe and the Amazing Promise
 Minnesota Cuke and the Search for Noah's Umbrella
 Saint Nicholas: A Story of Joyful Giving
Pistachio - The Little Boy That Woodn't
 Sweetpea Beauty
 It's a Meaningful Life
 'Twas the Night Before Easter
 Princess and the Popstar
 The Little Drummer Boy
 Robin Good and His Not-So-Merry Men
 The Penniless Princess
 The League of Incredible Vegetables
 The Little House That Stood
 MacLarry and the Stinky Cheese Battle
 Merry Larry and the True Light of Christmas
 Veggies in Space: The Fennel Frontier
 Celery Night Fever
 Beauty and the Beet
 Noah's Ark
Feature Films 

 Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie
 The Pirates Who Don't Do Anything: A VeggieTales Movie
 Untitled VeggieTales Movie (produced by Big Idea, they moved to Paramount's 20th Century Fox, in Tokyo, Japan by 2025.)
1990s children's television series
Mass media franchises introduced in the 1990s
1993 television series debuts
Kroppenstedt is a town in the Börde district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is southwest of Magdeburg. It is part of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality").

References

Other websites

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Righteousness is the quality of a person being morally right or justifiable. It is an important concept and theological concept. It is a concept in Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and also in Dharmic traditions. The quality of true righteousness is pleasing to God. It is a concept similar to integrity. Perfect righteousness is who God is. (See Psalm 30:4)

References

Theology
Religious ethics
"I Decided" is the first single released by Solange Knowles from her album Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams. The single was released as a digital download to both iTunes and Amazon.com on April 22, 2008.

2008 songs
Soul songs
Here I Stand is the fifth album by R&B singer Usher, released on 27 May 2008.

Track listing

2008 albums
Usher albums
R&B albums
Social equality is a state where people are treated fairly and given equal chances without any discrimination.

Related pages
 Affirmative action
 Civil rights
 Constitution
 Constitutional economics
 Equality before the law
 Egalitarianism
 Gender equality
 Political economy
 Social justice
 Social inequality
 Equality Act 2010 

Civil rights
Politics
JavaServer Pages (JSP java) is a programming language used by server applications. It was created by Sun Microsystems. A software server such as Apache is needed to run it.

Programming languages
Sun Microsystems
A match is a tool for making fire under controlled circumstances. Most often, it is a small piece of wood, or hardened paper. At one end, the match is coated with a material that will ignite from friction. The lighting end of a match is known as the match "head". It either contains an oxidizing agent such as potassium chlorate, mixed with sulfur, fillers and glass powder as the active ingredient and gelatin as a binder. Matches are sold in multiples, packaged together either in a box, or in matchbooks. There are two main types of matches: safety matches, which can be struck only against a specially prepared surface; and strike-anywhere matches, for which any suitably frictional surface can be used.

There are also electric matches, which use electricity and not friction to produce a fire.

Early matches
Matches that used sulfur were mentioned by Martial in ancient Rome. He called them sulphurata.
Around the year 1530, Matches appeared in Europe. The first modern, self-igniting match was invented in 1805 by K. Chancel, assistant to Professor Louis Jacques Thénard of Paris, though. The head of the match was made of a mixture of potassium chlorate, sulfur, sugar, and rubber. They were ignited by dipping the tip of the match in a small asbestos bottle filled with sulfuric acid. This kind of match was quite expensive and its usage was dangerous, so Chancel's matches never gained much popularity.

Special-purpose matches
Storm matches, also known as lifeboat matches or flare matches, have an easy to strike tip like a normal match, but much of the stick is coated with a combustible compound which will keep burning even in a strong wind. They have a wax coating to make them waterproof. They are a component of many survival kits. This particular match was used in the first mass-produced Molotov cocktails.
"Bengal matches" are actually small hand-held fireworks akin to sparklers. They are similar to storm matches in form, but they include compounds of strontium or barium in the compound on the stick to produce a red or green flame respectively.

References

Related pages
The Little Match Girl

Other websites 
 
 
 
 
 A site  demonstrating jet propulsion using matches and foil

Basic English 850 words
Tools
Fire
William W. "Bill" Gothard (born November 2, 1934) is an American speaker and writer. At the age of 15, he gave his life to helping teenagers and their parents live their life in Christian principles. Much of his reputation comes from his efforts to finish that goal. He founded the Institute in Basic Life Principles (IBLP) in 1961. He has also spoken at conferences, and has written many books.

Biography

Early life 
Gothard was born the third of six children to be born to William and Carmen Gothard. His father was the manager of an engineering firm. He later served with several ministries. When Gothard was in the 5th grade, he says that God brought made him know of his need for a personal Savior. Shortly after beginning to believe that Jesus was his savior, he and his family joined a fundamentalist church. Gothard received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Bible from Wheaton College. In 1957 he also got his Master of Arts degree, in Christian Education.
Middle years 
He worked with gangs, church youth groups, high school clubs, youth camps, and families that had problems. He later wrote out seven principles of life he believed were not optional. In 1964, Gothard was given youth work in the LaGrange Bible Church, in suburban Chicago. Also, Gothard's Alma mater, Wheaton College, let him design and teach a program based on his work with youth. The course was given the name Basic Youth Conflicts; two hours of upper-division undergraduate and graduate credit were awarded to students completing the course. Forty-six students, youth pastors, and teachers registered for that first class. The next year over one hundred students joined the class.
Later years 
Gothard started an organization in 1961 called Campus Teams, which in 1974 changed its name to Institute in Basic Youth Conflicts. Later, in 1989, the name changed again to Institute in Basic Life Principles (IBLP). Gothard is now the president and a board member of this organization.  In the 1970s they started the Basic Youth Conflicts Seminar (also called Basic Seminars) across the United States. More people came, averaging between 10,000 and 20,000 people at each seminar. In the early 1980s the seminar attendance began to get smaller. Today seminars keep being held around the world and have an alumni base of more than 2.5 million.

In 1984, under Gothard’s leadership, a homeschooling program, the Advanced Training Institute of America was founded. He is the author of many books. In 2004, Gothard received his Ph.D. in Biblical Studies. Gothard is not married, and has no children.
Teaching
Gothard's teaching focuses on seven "life principles", 49 character qualities, and 49 commands that Jesus gave. He views the Bible as the word of God and teaches that while there is only one interpretation of scripture. However, Gothard's use of the Bible has met with criticism. On his website he states "the goal of my teaching is to provide Biblical principles and concepts of life to guide people in their choices."

Gothard tells people not to listen to "un-Christian" music, including all popular and contemporary  Christian music. He is in favor homeschooling; IBLP publishes its own homeschooling material. He has discouraged the use of contraceptives or other family planning.

As a part of the IBLP, Gothard organized the Medical Training Institute of America (MTIA). The main purpose of the ministry is to "train men and women to assist families in making wise decisions about health care issues." The Medical Training Institute of America is not a medical school and does not give degrees.
Criticism 
A group called the "Personal Freedom Outreach" (PFO) has criticized Gothard in several ways. Such as say that Gothard's views and his interpretations of Scripture are legalistic teachings, and that IBLP and such are "cult-like". Gothard was also accused by some of being contemporary for not practicing what he preaches about conflict resolution, and for his "quiverfull" teachings that married Christians should have as many children as possible. Even when Gothard himself is not married and has no children, even into his 70s.

Don Veinot claimed in his critical book on Gothard that Dr. Ronald Allen, a conservative evangelical, went to a Gothard seminar in 1973 and wrote that "In this seminar, I was regularly assaulted by the misuse of the Bible, particularly of the Old Testament, on a level that I have never experienced in a public ministry before that time (or since)."
Books that he wrote 
 Basic Preparation for Engagement
 How to Evaluate Music 
 Men's Manual, Vol. 1 
 Nuestro Dios Celoso/Our Jealous God: El Amor que no me deja ir/The love that doesn't let me go 
 'Our Jealous God 
 Rebuilder's Guide 
 Research in Principles of Life: Advanced Seminar Textbook 
 Rewards of Being Reviled 
 Self-Acceptance The Power of Crying Out 
 The Power of Spoken Blessings 
 The Sevenfold Power of First Century Churches and Homes''

References

Other websites 

 Bill Gothard's Official Web Site
 Institute in Basic Life Principles
 Bill Gothard and the Institute in Basic Life Principles 
 A Study In Evolving Faddism - Dangerous Leanings of Bill Gothard's Teaching 
 Mike Huckabee with Bill Gothard 

1934 births
Living people
American Evangelicals
Christian religious leaders
American Christian writers
Writers from Chicago
People from La Grange, Illinois
The Institute in Basic Life Principles (IBLP) is Christian organization in Oak Brook, Illinois. It was founded by Bill Gothard in 1964.

Other websites 
 Official IBLP website 

Christian organizations based in the United States
A Master of Arts (Latin:Magister Artium) is a postgraduate academic master's degree given by universities and colleges in many countries.

Often called an MA, students can earn this certificate after completing their bachelor's degree. It is usually awarded when one has studied subjects such as literature, history, sociology, education, political science, social sciences, social work, design or art. 

Academic degrees
The American Fork River, in Utah, leaves the Wasatch Mountains out of American Fork Canyon about  southeast of Salt Lake City. The river starts on Mount Timpanogos and the river runs down through American Fork Canyon. On the way it goes through the Uinta National Forest and Timpanogos Cave National Monument. Leaving the canyon, the river runs through northern Utah County and empties into Utah Lake on the north shore.

References

      
Rivers of Utah
Charles Francis O'Connor (September 22, 1897 – November 9 1979), called Frank O'Connor, was an American actor and painter. He was the husband of writer Ayn Rand.

Biography 

O'Connor and Rand met on a movie set, in the years of silent movies. They were appearing as extras. Rand was also writing scripts, and O'Connor building a movie and stage career. Rand admired O'Connor's looks, and tripped him on the set, to get him to notice her. They married in 1929. 

To make sure they had enough income to succeed, O'Connor let his acting career go, becoming a rancher so Rand could succeed as an author, which was her ambition. He appeared in a presentation of her play Night of January 16th, after she became better known. O'Connor also proposed the name "Atlas Shrugged" for Rand's book, which she formerly called "The Strike" before publication.
The couple had no children, but were friends with some college students and young professionals, including Nathaniel Branden (who later wrote psychology books, including important works on self-esteem), Alan Greenspan (economist, who was Federal Reserve chairman for the United States government) and Leonard Peikoff (later author of philosophy works, and editor of Rand's works). O'Connor "played host" to many discussions and forums about human interaction, relationships and societies, while wife Rand led the conversations.

He found a new pursuit, as he developed a talent for painting.  Some of Rand's books used his paintings for book covers. 

Actor Peter Fonda appeared as O'Connor in a 1999 television movie, The Passion of Ayn Rand, which also starred Helen Mirren.

Other websites 

1897 births
1979 deaths
Actors from Ohio
American movie actors
American painters
Ranchers
Alma mater is the singular form of the Latin word for "nourishing mother". It was used in ancient Rome as a title for the mother goddess, and in Medieval Christianity for the Virgin Mary. In current days, it is most often used to refer to the university or college a person went to. However, it may also refer to the song or hymn of a college or university.

The term alma mater can be traced back to eleventh-century Europe. The first known use of the term in reference to university was in 1088. The University of Bologna coined their motto “Alma Mater Studiorum,” (translated: “nourishing mother of studies”).

Related pages 

 List of Latin phrases (A)

References 

Educational institutions
Amplitude Modulation, usually shortened to AM, is a simple way to send a radio signal. The signal can travel long distances, and appear in faraway places, because of the earth's ionosphere. 

Amplitude is the height of a wave. A carrier wave is modulated (changed) by adding audio. The combined signal is transmitted over a frequency. AM signals can be received by a crystal-powered radio set, that needs no batteries or electrical power source. Many early radios were homemade, and used earphones.

AM signals are mostly sent out on medium wave and shortwave frequencies. They do not carry high fidelity sound, but the sound is good enough to hear most things. Analog signals can fade in and out, or have interference from power lines and power stations. Sunspot activity can also weaken signals.
In the early years of commercial broadcasting in the 1920s, medium wave AM (from 540 to 1600 kilocycles) was the only kind of radio widely used. Radio programs were much like today's television programs, including news, sports, drama, music, comedy, and other entertainment.

Later Frequency Modulation (FM) radio was developed. It had better fidelity, but the signals could not travel as far, so AM was still important. After television became common in the 1950s, AM became a major format for popular music. As FM became common in the 1970s, AM stations featured more news, and talk shows.

Shortwave radio signals (from 3000 to 30,000 kilocycles) can travel around the world, and are used by countries to send programs to distant places. These programs feature news about the country, examples of their native culture and history, and sometimes foreign language lessons.

References 

Mechanical vibrations
Radio technology
Biberach (IPA: ['bi:bərax]; Alemannic German: Landchrais Bibra) is a district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is surrounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Ravensburg, Sigmaringen, Reutlingen and Alb-Donau, and the Bavarian districts Neu-Ulm, Unterallgäu and the district-free city Memmingen. The most important towns in the district of Biberach are Biberach (Riß), Riedlingen, Ochsenhausen and Laupheim.

Geography 

The district has hilly countryside between the rivers of the Danube and the Iller. The Danube crosses the district in its westernmost part from south to north. The Iller forms the eastern border of the district. Another river is the Riß, an affluent of the Danube (the river Riß goes into the Danube). It goes across the district from south to north.

The Federsee is a small lake in the southwest of the district. Its area is only 1.4 km², but it is famous for Neolithic findings and birds that are not seen a lot.
Media 
The local newspaper is the Schwäbische Zeitung ("Swabian Newspaper"). The Biberach Independent Film Festival focusses on experimental shorts and documentaries. The festival starts at the end of October and runs into November.

Coat of arms 

The imperial eagle symbolizes the imperial city of Biberach. At first, the coat of arms of the city showed an eagle as well as a beaver as a canting symbol. In 1488 the coat of arms of the city was changed to show only the beaver. The crosier symbolises the monasteries of the area.

Cities and towns

Other websites 

Official website of the district of Biberach (German)
Huge private website about the town of Biberach (German and (in parts) other languages.)
Federsee Neolithic Museum (German, English)
Federsee Nature Reserve (German)
Biberach Independent Film Festival  (German)
Samuel Allardyce (born: 19 October 1954) is an English former football player, and is currently the manager of Premier League club Leeds United.

Career statistics

Club
Source:

A.  The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the League Cup, Football League Trophy, and Full Members Cup.

Managerial statistics

Honours

Player
Bolton Wanderers
Football League Second Division: 1977–78

Preston North End
Football League Fourth Division promotion: 1986–87

Individual
PFA Team of the Year: 1986–87 Fourth Division

Manager
Limerick
League of Ireland First Division: 1991–92

Notts County
Football League Third Division: 1997–98

Bolton Wanderers
Football League First Division play-offs: 2001

West Ham United
Football League Championship play-offs: 2012

Individual
Football League First Division Manager of the Month: January 2001
Premier League Manager of the Month: August 2001, November 2003, January 2004, December 2006, February 2014, October 2014

References
References 

1954 births
Living people
English footballers
English football managers
England national football team managers
Sportspeople from West Midlands (county)
A Chief Constable is the top police officer in a police force in the United Kingdom. Every police force in the United Kingdom has a Chief Constable except the City of London Police and  the Metropolitan Police.

Law enforcement in the United Kingdom
Hugh Stephen Orde OBE was the Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland. He became the Chief Constable on 29 May 2002 and was it until 2009. His first police job was in 1977 at the Metropolitan Police Service. He was made a member of the Order of the British Empire in 2001, and was given a knighthood in 2005.

References

Northern Ireland people
Candy Lo (born October 18, 1974) is a C-rock singer-songwriter and actress from Hong Kong. She has released 9 studio albums, over 40 singles, 2 compilations, 1 live album and 1 EP with Sony Music to date.  On June 11 she released her first EP on her new label WOW Music.

1974 births
Living people
C-pop singers
C-rock
Hong Kong actors
Hong Kong singers