Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Cover versions
These songs were written by other artists. Keane have covered them and some of them, recorded.
Dinner at Eight (Rufus Wainwright)
Dirtylicious
Do They Know It's Christmas? (Band Aid 20) (contribution)
Enjoy the Silence (Depeche Mode)
Goodbye Yellow Brick Road (Elton John)
Paperback Writer (The Beatles)
Praise You (Fatboy Slim)
She Sells Sanctuary (The Cult)
The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine Anymore (The Walker Brothers)
What a Wonderful World (Louis Armstrong)
White Christmas (Irving Berlin)
With or Without You (U2)
Your Song (Elton John)
Disco 2000 (Pulp)
Another One Bites the Dizzee (Queen / Dizzee Rascal mix)
The River (Bruce Springsteen)
That's All (Genesis)
You've Got to Hide Your Love Away (The Beatles)
Golden Slumbers (The Beatles)
Under Pressure (Queen / David Bowie)
Cast No Shadow (Oasis)
Jealous Guy (John Lennon)
American Tune

Keane
"Everybody's Changing" is the first single by the rock band Keane. It was released two times. It was the first Keane CD to be sold in stores.

Versions
There are two different versions of the song. The song was first composed in 2001 by Tim Rice-Oxley. The first version was recorded at Keane's home. The second one at the Helioscentric Studios in East Sussex.

Fierce Panda single
In December 2002, Simon Williams of Fierce Panda Records saw Keane in a pub. He wanted to record one of their songs for the radio. The song chosen was "Everybody's Changing". They made a CD single and released it on May 2003.

Island single
After Keane signed to Island Records, there was another single, "Somewhere Only We Know". However, they wanted to release "Everybody's Changing" again. This time it was released as an Island single. The record was released on May 2004

Information about songs
The CDs for each version had one or two other songs on them.
To the End of the Earth
"To the End of the Earth" was composed in guitar. A demo version played on guitar was also recorded. It was composed by Tim Rice-Oxley in 2000. The song was re-recorded for the single.

Fly to Me
"Fly to Me" has been thought to be Keane's most beautiful song. Official sheet music for the song is found in the Wise Publication's book of Hopes and Fears.

The Way You Want It
"The Way You Want It" is a piano and voice song. It appeared on the Fierce Panda version. The song appears on the Strangers DVD as well.

Track listing

Fierce Panda single
CD NING133CD
Everybody's Changing
Bedshaped
The Way You Want It

Island Single
CD CID855
Everybody's Changing
To the End of the Earth (Only CD)
Fly to Me
Everybody's Changing (Video)

UK, 7" Vynil IS855
Released May 3rd 2004
Everybody's Changing
Fly to Me

Other versions

Holland, CD
July 23rd 2004
Everybody's Changing
Fly to Me

France, CD
March 21st 2005
Everybody's Changing
Somewhere Only We Know (Live) (Forum, London, May 10th 2004)
UK, 3" Pocket CD
July 19th 2004
Everybody's Changing
Fly to Me
Everybody's Changing (Polytone)
Fly to Me (Polytone)
Everybody's Changing (Truetone)
Fly to Me (Truetone)

Music videos
There are two music videos for this song:
 - (UK, Int’l) Keane appear playing in a white room.
 - (US) Keane appear on a scene representing a sunset and shots of gigs in London, Mexico City and United States.

2003 songs
Keane (band) songs
Dominic "Dom" Scott (15 May 1979) is an Irish guitarist, known for being the guitarist for the rock band Keane. He is the co-founder of a band named,"The Lotus Eaters" It was founded in 1995 withTim Rice-Oxley. They invited Richard Hughes to play the drums.

In 1997 Rice-Oxley asked Scott and Hughes to let Tom Chaplin join the band. Scott and Hughes firstly refused but then accepted.

He left in 2001, after the single "Wolf at the Door" because of musical differences with Rice-Oxley. His exit was friendly. Keane wrote a message on their official page on 14 November 2001 saying this:

"One sad piece of news for us is that in July our guitarist Dom decided to leave the band and return to his studies at LSE. We wish him all the best with that."

Rice-Oxley also said in an interview in Mexico: "Dom is a great fan of U2 so maybe we'll met in New York" (Because Keane was the opening band for U2 in 2005).

1979 births
Living people
Irish guitarists
Keane (band)
Rock guitarists
Langeoog (English: "Long Island") is a German island in the North Sea.

Langeoog is about  long (from east to west). It covers an area of about . There are about 2000 people living on Langeoog.

Langeoog has a beach that is  long.

Traffic
Cars are not allowed to drive on Langeoog. People on the Island use bikes. The port and the village are linked with a small railway, the so-called "Inselbahn" (Island's Rail). The Railway is about 2.4 kilometers long.
The harbour of Langeoog is quite big. It was built in World War II by the German Navy. Today the harbour is used by ferries, that connect Langoog with the harbour of Bensersiel on the coast. The Langeoog harbour is also used by sailors, some fishermen and the German Society for Rescuing Ship-Wreckers.
There is also a little airfield on Langeoog.

Landmarks

The landmark of Langeoog is the Water-Tower, that was built in 1909 on top of a dune near the village.
Tourism 
Tourism is the main source of income for Langeoog's economy. There are several hotels. The youth hostel can be found several kilometers outside the village.

References

Other websites 

 Official site 
 Langeoog Island Ferry 
 Langeoog Online - Travel and Tourism Directory 
 Online Magazine Langeoog  

Islands of Lower Saxony
Towns in Lower Saxony
A shirt is a kind of cloth which is made to cover the upper body.  In North America, shirts can mean  T-shirts, polo shirts, etc.  In Britain, a shirt has a collar, sleeves with cuffs and split in half with buttons on one side. (North Americans would call this a "dress shirt", a specific type of "collared shirt"). Some shirts have sleeves, that cover the arms. T-shirts are a type of shirt that has shorter sleeves. These sleeves cover the shoulders. Shirts that do not have sleeves are called "sleeveless".

References 

Tops (clothing)
A T-shirt or tee shirt is a kind of shirt which has short sleeves. These sleeves cover the shoulders and the top of the arm, but they do not cover the elbow or the forearm. T-shirts are usually made from cotton fabric or fabric which contains a mix of cotton and polyester. T-shirts are usually considered a casual type of clothing. Both men and women wear T-shirts in Western countries, such as the United States, Canada, England, and France. In some countries, such as Muslim countries, women do not wear T-shirts outside of the home.

T-shirts are cheap to make and sell a lot because of fast fashion. For instance, the U.S. sells two billion T-shirts each year. A person in Sweden typically buys nine T-shirts yearly. Making T-shirts can harm the environment, especially when using materials like cotton. Cotton uses a lot of water and pesticides.

Below are some different types of T-shirts:
Round neck: A round neck T-shirt is the most common style of neck. As the name says, the neck opening closely fitted to the contour of the neck.

V neck: The front neck drop of a v neck T-shirt is lower and converges to form a sharp v shape.

Crew neck: A crew neck T-shirt is almost the same as a classic T-shirt. The only difference being is that it doesn’t have a collar. This style of shirt was worn be rowers in the 1940s.

Graphic: Graphic T- shirts come in many shapes and sizes, including all of the aforementioned necklines. Any T-shirt with a graphic print on it is considered a graphic T-shirt. The style of shirt is extremely popular amongst brands and companies as they are used for marketing and promoting messages.
History
T-shaped clothes, called tunics, have been worn since ancient times. The modern T-shirt came from 1800s underwear. Workers wore them in hot places for comfort. In 1913, the U.S. Navy introduced T-shirts as underwear. They became popular with sailors, workers, and young boys because they were easy to wear and cheap. By the 1920s, the term "T-shirt" was in the American dictionary.

During the Great Depression, T-shirts were common work clothes. After World War II, Navy men wore them casually. Their popularity grew in the 1950s, especially after actor Marlon Brando wore one. Soon, they became everyday wear for many. By 1942, some T-shirts had prints on them, like one shown on a Life magazine cover. In the 1960s, people liked using printed T-shirts to express themselves, advertise, protest, or as keepsakes.

References 

Tops (clothing)
A sleeve is a piece of material which covers an arm. It is usually a part of a shirt or other garment.

Clothing
A taxi (taxicab or cab in the United States) is a car, or other vehicle which is used for public transport. People use them to get to where they want to go. This means  there are no stops in between where they get on and where they get off. Many big cities have taxis.

In most other types of public transport, such as a bus, tram, or train, the rider does not get to choose the locations where they want to get picked up or dropped off. These vehicles often take certain roads or follow a very specific route.  Because of this, they usually do not stop exactly where people want to go.

Riding a taxi is a lot like having your own car, but you don't drive it. You only tell the taxi driver where you want to go and he or she will take you there. How much you pay for the ride, in most cases, depends on how far you are going from where you get on. It is common for the price for a taxi ride to be more expensive than other forms of transport.

History
History

The first taxi-type system started in Paris and London in the early 17th century. These were carts pulled by (carriages) and could be hired. The monarchies that ruled these cities controlled the rules. In the 19th century, Hansom cabs were mostly used because of their higher level of safety.

Taximeter 
The 1891 invention by German Wilhelm Bruhn of the taximeter helped establish the modern taxi. The first modern meter-equipped taxicab was the Daimler Victoria, built by Gottlieb Daimler in 1897. The first motorized taxi company began operating in Stuttgart the same year.

The term taximeter is an adaptation of the French word 'taximètre', and the German word 'taxameter'. It means measuring a tax or fee.

Related pages
 Automobile
 Cabriolet
 Auto–rickshaw

References

Automobiles
Public transport
Eastbourne is a large town in East Sussex, on the south coast of England between Brighton and Hastings. It is in the county of Sussex. It is a place where people go on holiday and also where non-English speakers go to learn English. It is at the eastern end of the chalk hills called the South Downs, and next to the high cliff at Beachy Head. The town was built in the early 19th century for people to visit the seaside. A railway station was built in 1849.

Geography 
Eastbourne lies next to chalk hills called the South Downs. The famous chalk cliffs Beachy Head is in the town. Eastbourne's architecture and buildings are mainly from the Victorian and Georgian periods. Eastbourne has recently built a marina called Sovereign Harbour which makes the town bigger.

Census 
Eastbourne's population was approximately 97,992 in 2009.
15.9% of residents are aged 0 to 14.
 18.0% of residents are aged 15 to 29.
 18.0% of residents are aged 30 to 44.
 25.0% of residents are aged 45 to 65.
 10.3% of residents are aged 65 to 74.
 8.6%  of residents are aged 75 to 84.
 4.2   of residents are aged 85+

Most jobs in Eastbourne are in tourism or tourism-related services.

Politics 
As of 7 May 2015, the MP for Eastbourne is Caroline Ansell. She is a member of the Conservatives.

Eastbourne Borough Council has 27 members (called councillors). Currently, there are 15 Conservative councillors, 11 Liberal Democrat councillors and one independent councillor. The leader of the council is Councillor Ian Lucas.
History 
There have been people living in the Eastbourne area since 4000BC, but the town did not develop until around 1150AD. St. Mary's Church (now in Eastbourne's Old Town) was first built between 1160 and 1190. Eastbourne was strategically important during the Napoleonic Wars and had a Martello Tower built from 1804 to 1810. The tower is one of few Martello Towers that are still standing, and is now called the Wish Tower.

The town became much bigger after a railway station was built there in 1849. It joined Eastbourne to London, Brighton and the South Coast Railway. From 1858, William Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Burlington (later 7th Duke of Cavendish) invested a lot of money into the town. The elegant areas of Meads, Devonshire Park and the Western Parades were developed as a result of his investment. Cavendish's influence is recognised by many place and business names in Eastbourne, for example: the Cavendish School, the Burlington Hotel, or the Devonshire Park Theatre.
Eastbourne Pier was first built in 1865. It is a famous symbol of Eastbourne and today houses amusement arcades, a nightclub and a public house. It also has a rare, working camera obscura.

Notable Residents 
 John Bodkin Adams, suspected serial killer, lived and worked in Eastbourne from 1922 until his death in 1983. He is thought to have murdered at least 163 people, but was never found guilty of any.

 Aleister Crowley, occultist and mystic, spent one year at school in Eastbourne.

References

Other websites 
 Eastbourne Borough Council  
 The Francis Frith Collection of Historical Photographs  

Eastbourne
19th-century establishments in England
A sunburn is a kind of burn that happens when skin is exposed to sunlight for too long. The ultraviolet part of sunlight breaks down natural chemicals in the skin. This makes the skin become red. Sunburns stay for days or weeks.

People with lighter skin sunburn more quickly than people with darker skin. This is because of a dark pigment called melanin that protects the skin. There is more of it in dark-skinned people than in light-skinned people. Eventually, if exposed to too much sunlight, skin cancer may develop. In any event, sunburn can be extremely painful.

Skin problems
Injuries
Antwerpen is a port city in Antwerp province in the north of Belgium. It is at 51° 12 North, 04° 24 East. In French it is called Anvers, its English name commonly is  Antwerp. 

It is the capital of the province with the same name.

The port is the second-largest in Europe after Rotterdam in the Netherlands. It spreads over both banks of the river Scheldt for more than 11,000 hectares.  About 16,000 people work in the port.  It is a centre for international drug trafficking, especially cocaine.

In 2007, 466,203 people lived there. The city is divided in 9 zones, called districts:

 Antwerp
 Berchem
 Berendrecht-Zandvliet-Lillo
 Borgerhout
 Deurne
 Ekeren
 Hoboken
 Merksem
 Wilrijk

References 

 
Olympic cities
Trieste (/triˈɛst/ tree-EST, Italian: [triˈɛste]; Slovene: Trst [tə́ɾst]; German: Triest, German pronunciation: [tʁiˈɛst]) is a city in the north-east of Italy in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

Characteristics 

Trieste was a Roman city that in the Middle Ages was under the control of the Republic of Venice. Later the city was under Austrian domination until the first years of the 20th century, when Italian irredentism was very strong in Trieste.

Indeed, together with Trento, Trieste was the main focus of the Italian irredentist movement, which aimed for the annexation to Italy of all the lands they claimed were inhabited by an Italian speaking population. Many local Italians enrolled voluntarily in the Royal Italian Army during WWI (a notable example is the writer Scipio Slataper).

The population of Trieste, practically nearly all Italian, promoted this union of the city to Italy in 1918, and since the end of WWI the city has been the capital of the Italian region called Venezia Giulia.
The population is 207.069 ab. (2004). It was nearly 300,000 after WWII because many Italian refugees flooded the city as a consequence of the Istrian-Dalmatian exodus.

These days, Trieste is important because of its shipbuilding industry, science parks, universities and "history on the border of western Europe". Trieste will be connected to the Italian "TAV railway" (High Speed) network: a 300 km/hour (186 mph) fast train route is going to connect Trieste with Venice in the next few years.

Economy 

During the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Trieste became a leading European city in economy, trade and commerce, and was the fourth largest and most important center in the Empire, after Vienna, Budapest and Prague. However the economy of Trieste fell into a small decline after the city's annexation to Italy following World War I, because it was cut off from the "Mittleurope".
But Fascist Italy promoted a huge development of Trieste in the 1930s, with new manufacturing activities related even to naval and armament industries (like the famous "Cantieri Aeronautici Navali Triestini (CANT)"). Allied bombings during WWII destroyed the industrial section of the city (mainly the shipyards).

As a consequence Trieste was a mainly peripheral city during the Cold War. However, since the 1970s, Trieste has had a huge economic boom, thanks to a significant commercial shipping business to the container terminal, steel works and an oil terminal.

Trieste is also Italy's and Mediterranean's (and one of Europe's) greatest coffee ports, as the city supplies more than 40% of Italy's coffee. Coffee brands, such as Illy, were founded and are headquartered in the city. Currently, Trieste is one of Europe's most important ports and centres for trade and transport, with Trieste being part of the "Corridor 5" plan, to create a bigger transport connection between Western and Eastern European countries.
Gallery

Related pages
 Italy
 Italian irredentism in Istria

Bibliography 

 Angelo Ara, Claudio Magris. Trieste. Un'identità di frontiera. Einaudi Editore. Torino, 2000 
 Fabio Cusin. Appunti alla storia di Trieste. Del Bianco Editore. Udine, 1983.

References

Other websites 
 Trieste's English traveller's guide
 Trieste - Photo Guide -  - (pdf)
Offenbach is a city in the German state of Hesse. It is on the river Main near Frankfurt am Main. The city has about 120,000 people. The Deutscher Wetterdienst (German weather service) is in Offenbach.

Economy 
Until the early 1970s the economy of Offenbach was mainly the machine-building and leather industries. The city is the home of the German Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technologies until today.

Twinned cities 
Offenbach has the following twin cities:

References

Other websites 

Cities in Hesse
Heibronn (German: [haɪlˈbʁɔn]; , local dialect: Hallbrunn, Haalbrunn) is a city in Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. With about 117,000 people, Heilbronn is the sixth largest town in Baden-Württemberg.
Heilbronn is also on the river Neckar and is known for the wine which was grown in their region and the Kätchen a famous sign.

References

Other websites
is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany.  It is in the district of Hildesheim and is about 30 km southeast of Hanover.  The city is on the banks of the River Innerste, which is a smaller river that flows into the River Leine.  It can be reached from Autobahn A7, which links Kassel, Göttingen and Hanover.

It has about 110,000 people living there.

History
Hildesheim is one of the oldest cities in North Germany.  The city may have been founded when the bishop moved from Elze to the Innerste ford, where it was an important market on the Hellweg trade route. The settlement soon grew into a town which was granted market rights by King Otto III in 983.  Originally the market was held on a street called Old Market (Alter Markt), which still exists today.  The first market place was laid out around Saint Andrew's Church. As the city grew larger, a larger market place became more important.  The current market place in Hildesheim was made at the start of the 13th century when the city had a population of about 5,000.  When Hildesheim obtained city rights in 1249, it was one of the largest cities in Northern Germany.  For four centuries the clergy ruled Hildesheim, before a city hall was built and the citizens gained some influence and independence.  Construction of the present City Hall started in 1268, and in 1367 Hildesheim became a member of the Hanseatic League
. A war between the citizens and their bishop cost dearly in 1519-1523 when they engaged in a feud. Hildesheim became Protestant in 1542, and only the cathedral and a few other buildings remained in Imperial (Roman Catholic) hands. Several villages around the city remained Roman Catholic as well. In 1813, after the Napoleonic Wars, the town became part of the Kingdom of Hanover, which was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia after the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 as a province.
The city was bombed in World War II, but the bombing had little importance in the course of the war.  28.5% of the houses were destroyed and 44.7% damaged.  26.8% of the houses had no damage.  The center, which still had its medieval character until then, was almost levelled. As in many cities, priority was given to rapid building of badly needed housing, and concrete structures took the place of the destroyed buildings. Fortunately, most of the major churches, two of them now UNESCO World Heritage Sites, were rebuilt in the original style soon after the war. During the war, valuable world heritage materials had been hidden in the basement of the city wall. In 1978, the University of Hildesheim was founded. In the 1980s a reconstruction of the historic center began.  Some of the new concrete buildings near the marketplace were torn down.  Replicas of the original buildings were built in their place.

Population history 

¹ census data

Images of the city

References

Other websites
Other websites 

 The city's website.
 360° Panoramas Hildesheim
 Article about Hildesheim
 Pictures
Pforzheim () is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg.
About 116,000 people live there.

References

Other websites
Recklinghausen (Westphalian: Riäkelhusen) is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, belonging to the Ruhr area. It has about 120,000 inhabitants.

References 

Recklinghausen (district)
Wolfsburg is a city in the German state of Lower Saxony.

It had about 124,000 inhabitants in 2016. The automobile company Volkswagen has its main office in Wolfsburg.

References

Other websites
Bergisch Gladbach (; Ripuarian: Jläbbisch Gläbbich)  is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
It is near to Cologne and has about 110,016 inhabitants.

Well-known people 
 Heidi Klum (b. 1973), model, actress and singer

References

Other websites

Rheinisch-Bergische Rural District
Erlangen (; East Franconian: Erlang) is a German city in the state of Bavaria. About 105,000 people live there.

Erlangen is near to Nuremberg (Nürnberg). Both cities share the University Erlangen-Nürnberg.

References

Other websites
Gera is a city in the east of Germany, in the state of Thuringia.

It has about 100,000 inhabitants.

History 
In the beginning, "Gera" was not the name of a village or city, but of a region or district. This district was mentioned in a document for the first time in the year 995. Four years later, in 999, the Holy Roman Emperor Otto III gave this district to his sister Adelheid, who was an abbess in Quedlinburg.

In the center of this area, the "provincia Gera", a town with the same name was established. Another document, which is from the year 1237, said for the first time that there was a town called Gera. In this town, the abbesses of Quedlinburg had some officials which were called the Vögte of Gera. These officials were the ancestors of the counts and princes of Reuß, which reigned in Gera for many years, until the year 1918.
In the early modern period, Gera was famous for making textiles. There were some fires in which a lot of the town was destroyed, for example in 1686 and in 1780. In 1806, Napoleon was in Gera before the Battle of Jena.

In the 19th century, Gera became an important city of industry. Before that, Gera was a quite small town, but in the year 1900, it had already about 45,000 inhabitants.

In 1920, Thuringia was founded as a state of the Weimar Republic. Gera was the biggest city of the state, because Erfurt was not yet a part of Thuringia. At the end of World War II, some parts of Gera were destroyed by bombs, for example the Osterstein Castle.

After World War II, Gera was in the Soviet Occupation Zone and then in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). From 1952 to 1990, it was the capital of the Gera District (Bezirk Gera) of the GDR.

Since the German Reunification in 1990, Gera belongs to the Free State of Thuringia in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Population 
Since 1959, Gera has had more than 100,000 inhabitants. The highest number of inhabitants of Gera was 134,834 in the year 1988. Since the German Reunification, the number of inhabitants becomes smaller and smaller. Now there are fewer people who live in Gera than in Jena, so Gera is only the third-biggest city in Thuringia. On 31 December 2008, there were only 100,643 people living in Gera.
Sights 
 The Market Square with the City Hall (Rathaus) from 1575, the Simson Fountain (Simsonbrunnen) from 1686 and the City Pharmacy (Stadtapotheke) from about 1600
 The Geraer Höhler (cellars under the houses in the city center, in which the owners kept their beer in the 18th century)
 The Theatre from 1902
 The Orangerie from 1748, which is now the art gallery of Gera
 St. Salvator's Church (Salvatorkirche) from 1717 (Baroque)
 St. John's Church (Johanniskirche) from 1884 (Gothic Revival architecture
 St. Mary's Church (Marienkirche) in the quarter of Untermhaus with the Otto Dix Birthhouse
 The Hofwiesenpark, a new park where the Bundesgartenschau 2007 was held

Twin towns 
Gera has got twelve twin towns. Eleven of them are in Europe.
People 
These famous people were born in Gera:
 Otto Dix (1891–1969), painter
 Georg Buschner (1925–2007), head coach of the East Germany national football team
 Max Frankel (born 1930), executive editor of the New York Times and Pulitzer Prize winner
 Marlies Göhr (born 1958), athlete
 Olaf Ludwig (born 1960), cyclist
 Wolfgang Tiefensee (born 1955), politician
 Heike Drechsler (born 1964), athlete

References

Other websites 
  

Urban Districts of Thuringia
Remscheid is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

It has about 115,000 inhabitants.

References 

Urban districts in Regierungsbezirk Düsseldorf
Undernet is an Internet Relay Chat network that was made in 1992. It has many channels, but there are few limits to what kind of channels can be made.

Internet Relay Chat
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is a large American company from Sunnyvale, California that makes computer hardware components. It makes many different computer parts, but it is most famous for its Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Another important product are their motherboard chipsets for their CPUs. AMD started as a company that made products for Intel, another large hardware company, and competitor of AMD. In 2006, AMD bought ATI Technologies. with $4.3 billion of cash and 52 million AMD stocks. In 2020, AMD said that they are buying Xilinx, a company that makes circuits that can be changed using computer code (FPGA).

Ryzen is AMD's brand name for their CPUs for normal use. Ryzen CPUs has had between 2 and 64 cores and can achieve speeds above 5 Gigahertz (or GHz). Radeon is their brand name for other computer products like GPUs and computer parts made by other companies that AMD put their brand on (OEM).

References
References

American computer hardware manufacturers
1969 establishments in the United States
 
Companies based in California
The Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) is a private university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is one of the best universities in the United States as U.S. News & World Report, a magazine, puts it at number 108. Most students of this university focus on science or technology as their major, or subject they study most. IIT was created in 1940 by the merger of the Armour Institute of Technology and Lewis Institute.

Architecture
Architecture

The campus, roughly bounded between 31st and 35th streets, Michigan Avenue and the Dan Ryan Expressway, was designed by modernist architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, "one of the great figures of 20th-century architecture", who chaired the IIT School of Architecture from 1938 to 1958. Van der Rohe's master plan for the IIT campus was one of the most ambitious projects he ever conceived. The campus has twenty of his works. It is the greatest concentration of his buildings in the world. The layout of the campus departs radically from "traditional college quadrangles and limestone buildings". The materials are inspired by the factories and warehouses of Chicago's South Side and "embod[y] 20th century methods and materials: steel and concrete frames with curtain walls of brick and glass."
Alfred Caldwell designed the campus landscape. Caldwall was van der Rohe's close colleague at IIT and was called  "the last representative of the Prairie School of landscape architects." Known as "the nature poet", Caldwell's plan reinforced van der Rohe's design with "landscaping planted in a free-flowing manner, which in its interaction with the pristine qualities of the architecture, introduce[d] a poetic aspect."
In 1976, American Institute of Architects named the IIT campus one of the 200 most significant works of architecture in the United States. The IIT Main Campus was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

References

Colleges and universities in Chicago
1940 establishments in Illinois
Hermann Minkowski (22 June 1864 in Kaunas – 12 January 1909 in Göttingen) was a German mathematician of Jewish descent. He was one of Albert Einstein's teachers.

Minkowski is perhaps best known for his work in relativity, in which he showed in 1907 that his former student Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity (1905), could be understood geometrically as a theory of four-dimensional space-time, since known as the "Minkowski spacetime".

References 

1864 births
1909 deaths
German mathematicians
Jewish German academics
Jewish German scientists
Lithuanian Jews
People from Kaunas
Russian Jews
A certificate of deposit (CD) is a way to store money at a bank or credit union. A CD is written for a period of time: usually between three months and five years. The person who wanted the CD—the consumer—agrees to give the money to the bank for that period of time and may not take the money back until the time has expired. If the consumer takes the money back before the agreed amount of time, they will have to pay a penalty fee. Once your contract is over, you are given your money back plus the interest it earned. People open CDs instead of savings accounts because the interest is higher. A certificate of deposit (which is common only in the United States) is similar to a time deposit.

Money
Cousins Subs is a "sub" shop that makes submarine sandwiches. It was created in the 1970s in Wisconsin. 

They opened their first restaurant in Milwaukee, at 60th Street and Silver Spring Drive. It closed after several years of success. The oldest Cousins Subs is on the corner of Brady Street and Farwell Avenue in Milwaukee.

American fast food restaurants
1970s establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Wisconsin
Sir Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford was a British politician. He is regarded by many as the first  de facto Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (then called Great Britain). The position of prime minister was not actually official at that time.

Walpole He was born in Houghton, Norfolk on 26 August 1676. He died on 18 March 1745. Historians think he became England's first Prime Minister in 1721. He was then Prime Minister for a longer time than anyone who came after him. This long time is sometimes called "the robinocracy" (Robin is a common version of Robert).

Although the exact dates of Walpole's dominance are not entirely clear, the period 1721–1742 is often used. He dominated the Walpole–Townshend ministry, as well as the subsequent Walpole ministry, and holds the record as the longest-serving British prime minister in history.
W.A. Speck wrote that Walpole's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Minister "is rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history... Explanations are usually offered in terms of his expert handling of the political system after 1720, [and] his unique blending of the surviving powers of the crown with the increasing influence of the Commons".

References  

1676 births
1745 deaths
People from Norfolk
Whig party (UK) politicians
Prime Ministers of Great Britain
Leeuwarden is a city in the north of the Netherlands.
It has about 110,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of a part of the Netherlands where a lot of people speak Frisian. The name of that province is Friesland. Leeuwarden is called Ljouwert in Frisian.

On 1 January 2014, Boarnsterhim is a part of the municipality of Leeuwarden. On 1 January 2018, it was enlarged by Leeuwarderadeel and parts of the former municipality of Littenseradiel.

References
Middelburg is a town and municipality on the (former) island of Walcheren, Province of Zeeland, the Netherlands.

It is the capital of Zeeland.

About 48,000 people were living in the municipality in 2017.<br/ >
About 40,000 people were living in the town in 2011.

Middelburg received city rights in 1217.

Related pages 
 Four Freedoms Award

Other websites 
 

Cities in Zeeland
Municipalities of Zeeland
Provincial capitals of the Netherlands
Haarlem is a city in the Netherlands and the capital of the province North Holland. It has about 145,000 inhabitants. It has a very old door called Smedestraat 33.

Other websites 

 Website of the communal administration 
 pictures from Haarlem
Lelystad is a municipality in the middle of the Netherlands.
It has about 71,000 inhabitants. It is also the capital of Flevoland, one of the provinces of the Netherlands.

Other websites 
Official website

Settlements in Flevoland
Municipalities of Flevoland
Provincial capitals of the Netherlands
Assen is a town in the north-east of the Netherlands.
It has about 65,000 inhabitants. It's the capital of Drenthe.
Breda is a city in the south of the Netherlands.
It has about 184,000 inhabitants (2021).
Enschede (Low Saxon: Eanske) is a municipality and city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 161,194 people were living there in 2023.

It is the biggest city in Overijssel and borders Germany.

Enschede is also (informally) the capital of Twente region.

Fireworks accident 

On 13 May 2000 there was a huge destruction caused by an accident in a fireworks factory. Twenty-three people were killed, while almost a thousand people were injured. Thousands of people lost their homes.

Related pages 
 FC Twente
 University of Twente

References 
 Plaatsengids.nl
Amersfoort is a city in the middle of the Netherlands. The city is between the hills of the "Heuvelrug" and the valley of the river Eem. It is located in the province of Utrecht. 2023 the population of the city was 160,902. It is the second-largest city in the province and the fifteenth-largest in the country. Amersfoort is known for being one of the largest railway junctions in the Netherlands. In 2009, Amersfoort celebrated its 750th anniversary as a city.

Economy 
The city has many international companies located there:

 Royal VolkerWessels Stevin N.V., a big European construction-services business.
 FrieslandCampina, a Dutch dairy cooperative.
 Royal HaskoningDHV, consultants and engineers.
 Golden Tulip Hospitality Group, an international hotel chain called Golden Tulip Hotels
 Yokogawa Electric, an electrical engineering and software company. 

There are also several non-governmental organizations and foundations:
Christian Union, a Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands.
 Oikocredit, the headquarters of a global cooperative society that provides financing for economic development with a focus on poverty alleviation.
 Socialist Party, a left-wing social-democratic political party in the Netherlands.
Zoetermeer is a city in South Holland in the Netherlands (it has no city rights). 

About 125,000 people are living there in 2017.

It is between Utrecht and Den Haag. It is part of the Randstad. 

Cities in South Holland
Municipalities of South Holland
Almere is a municipality in the Netherlands (no city rights).
It is in the province of Flevoland and nearby Amsterdam and has about 215,000 people (2021).

Other websites 
 Almere website

 
Settlements in Flevoland
Hilversum is a city in North Holland in the Netherlands (no city rights). It lies between Amsterdam and Utrecht. About 85,000 people live there.

Well-known people 
 Joop den Uyl (1919-1987), Prime Minister
Roermond is a town in the province Limburg in the east of the Netherlands. It has about 45,000 people living in it.

Since 2007, Swalmen became a part of the municipality of Roermond.

Cities in Limburg
Municipalities of Limburg (Netherlands)
Venlo is a city in Limburg in the very east of the Netherlands. It has about 100,000 inhabitants and lives mainly on one-day-trip-tourism from neighbouring Germany and logistics. It used to be a city of the Hanseatic League.

Since 2010, Arcen en Velden became a part of the municipality of Venlo.
Delft is a city in the province South Holland in the Netherlands. It is about halfway between Rotterdam and The Hague. It is famous for its Delft Blue pottery and the Delft University of Technology. It is the place where the royal family, the kings and queens, are buried. It has about 94,000 inhabitants.

Things to see 
Delft is a city with typical Dutch canals, churches and large canal houses. The largest church in Delft is the Nieuwe Kerk (New Church).
Deventer is a municipality and city in the province of Overijssel, the Netherlands. About 101,000 people were living there in 2021. It lies both in Salland and IJsselvallei regions, alongside the eastern bank of the IJssel river.

Deventer was founded by Lebuinus around 768. He built a wooden church there.

A Catholic community called the Brethren of the Common Life was founded by priest Geert Groote in this city late 14th century. This community was connected with a Catholic reform movement called the Devotio Moderna, which was largely based on Groote and founded the same time.

Deventer is well known for its cake, the so-called Deventer Koek.

References 
 Plaatsengids.nl

Cities in Overijssel
Municipalities of Overijssel
IJsselvallei (Overijssel)
Salland
Ede is a city in the Netherlands with 65,000 inhabitants, the communal district (gemeente) of Ede has 107,000 inhabitants.

Cities in Gelderland
Municipalities of Gelderland
The Freud Museum was the home of Sigmund Freud and his family after they escaped the Nazi takeover of Austria in 1938. It is at 20 Maresfield Gardens in Hampstead, London.

After the death of Anna Freud, the youngest daughter, in 1982, the home became a museum. The centrepiece of the museum is Freud's study, preserved just as it was during his lifetime. 

There are two other Freud Museums, one in Vienna, and another  in Příbor, the Czech Republic, in the house where Freud was born.

The study

The study and library were preserved by Anna Freud after her father's death. The bookshelf behind Freud's desk contains some of his favourite authors: not only Goethe and Shakespeare but also Heine, Multatuli and Anatole France. Freud acknowledged that poets and philosophers had gained insights into the unconscious which psychoanalysis sought to explain systematically.
The room contains the original analytic couch brought from Berggasse 19. On this patients would recline comfortably while Freud, out of sight in the green tub chair, listened to their 'free association'. They were asked to say everything that came to mind without consciously sifting or selecting information. This method became a foundation upon which psychoanalysis was built.

Antiquities
The study is filled with antiquities from ancient Greece, Rome, Egypt and the Orient. There are some fine masks and carving from Africa. Freud visited many archaeological sites (though not Egypt). Most of the collection was got from dealers in Vienna.
He confessed that his passion for collecting was second only to his addiction to cigars. The importance of the collection can be seen in Freud's use of archaeology as a metaphor for psychoanalysis. One example of this is Freud's explanation to a patient that conscious material 'wears away' while what is unconscious is relatively unchanging: "I illustrated my remarks by pointing to the antique objects about my room. They were, in fact, I said, only objects found in a tomb, and their burial had been their preservation".

The collection includes a portrait of Freud by Salvador Dalí.

References

Other websites 
Freud Museum website
Freud Museum in Vienna 

Museums in London
The emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) is a large flightless bird. It is native to Australia. The emu is the tallest bird from Australia. It is also the second tallest bird in the world, after its ratite relative, the ostrich. The emu is also related to the cassowary which is slightly smaller but heavier.

Other emus  

There were also two species of dwarf emu, Dromaius minor, one living on King Island in Tasmania and the other on Kangaroo Island. They are examples of island dwarfism. The group on King Island became extinct in 1805, that on Kangaroo Island in 1827, and that in Tasmania in 1865.

Description 
The soft-feathered, brown birds reach up to  in height. Their feathers are in a double layer which helps keep the emu cool. They have bare skin on the sides of the face and their neck. They can weigh up to . They have two large legs, with three toes on each foot. Their wings are very short, about 
, and are hidden under their feathers.
They can live up to 10–20 years 
The emu is common over most of mainland Australia. It avoids very thick forests and very dry areas. Emus can travel great distances at a fast trot. If necessary they can run at up to  for some distance at a time. They may travel long distances to find food. One emu was found to have traveled .

Diet 
They feed on a variety of plants (seeds, flowers, new growth) and insects.

Breeding 

Emus are solitary birds. However, the young chicks stay with the father until they are 18 months of age. The breeding season is between February and July, when the female can lay between 5-15 eggs in a ground nest built by the male. The male then sits on the eggs for 8 weeks until hatching. The baby chicks have very clear stripes on the feathers which act as camouflage.
The history of the name 
The first written description of the emu was under the name of the New Holland Cassowary in Arthur Phillip's Voyage to Botany Bay, published in 1789. The species was named by ornithologist (bird expert) John Latham, who worked on Phillip's book. He provided the first descriptions of and names for many Australian bird species. Its scientific name, Dromaius novaehollandiae, is from the Latin words, meaning "fast-footed New Hollander". The history of the common name, emu, is not certain, but is thought to have come from an Arabic word for large bird. This word was later used by Portuguese explorers to describe the related Cassowary in New Guinea. In Victoria, some Indigenous Australian words for the emu were Barrimal in the Djadja wurrung language, myoure in Gunai, and courn in Jardwadjali.

References 

Birds of Australia
Ratites
Struthioniformes
National symbols of Australia
The kiwi is a type of bird from New Zealand. They are the genus Apteryx of the family Apterygidae. There are several species and sub-species of kiwi. The kiwi is a symbol for New Zealand. People from New Zealand are nicknamed "Kiwis".

They have a long beak and brown feathers. The feathers look like fur. Kiwi cannot fly, and their wings are so small that they cannot usually be seen. Kiwi cannot see well, but they can hear very well. They are the smallest ratite birds.
Life 
Kiwi are night (nocturnal) birds. They mostly eat invertebrates, like worms and insects. Kiwi keep a territory where they live alone or with their mate. In their territory they build several small caves where they sleep, or lay their eggs.
Kiwi are monogamous; the male and female stay together until one of them dies. The male and female live in the same territory and raise their children together.
Female kiwi lay 1-3 eggs. Compared to the size of the mother, the eggs are the largest  of any bird species. Kiwi are mature when they are 2 years old, and they can live more than 20 years. One kiwi kept in a zoo even reached 35 years old.

Eggs 
The female brown kiwi lays enormous eggs, which are almost one-sixth of her own body weight. These eggs take 11 weeks to incubate, the longest time for any bird. In comparison, Yellow-breasted Chats' eggs take only 11 days, and chickens' eggs take 21 days.
Habitat 
Kiwi prefer to live in burrows they make in forested areas. They either make their burrows in the ground like rabbits, in between the roots of trees, or in hidden sheltered places such as hollow logs. Kiwi line their burrows with leaves to make them more comfortable and warm. Sometimes they hide the entrance to their burrows using piles of twigs. Kiwi may have more than ten different burrows in their territory and will swap between them sometimes. 

Kiwi are threatened by many mammals. Stoats are the main threat for the kiwi chicks.  Ferrets and dogs kill adult kiwi.

References 

Birds of New Zealand
Ratites
Struthioniformes
Kiwis
National symbols of New Zealand
The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct species of flightless bird from Mauritius. 

Like many other island birds, they lost the power of flight because it was no advantage where they lived. Dodos were in the same family as the pigeon. They were endemic to (only lived on) the island of Mauritius. They became extinct in the late 17th century.  

The Dodo has become a symbol of extinction caused by the arrival of humans in ecosystems where humans had never before lived.

The name 'Dodo' 
The history of the word 'Dodo' is not clear. Dutch admiral Wybrand van Warwijck discovered the island and the bird in 1598 during an expedition to Indonesia. He called the bird 'walgvogel', meaning "disgusting bird" because he disliked the taste of the meat. Four years later, the Dutch captain, Willem van Westsanen, used the word 'Dodo' for the first time.
The Encarta Dictionary and the Chambers Dictionary of Etymology say "dodo" is a Portuguese word, coming from doido. It means "fool" or "crazy". Another idea is that 'dodo' was a copy of the bird's own call, a two-note pigeon like sound, "doo-doo". 
In 1606 Cornelis de Jonge wrote a description of the Dodo, and of other animal and plants on the island .

Description 
The dodo was the largest bird of the Columbiformes, and weighs about . They had grey feathers and yellow feet. Their big hooked bill was a green/yellow color. It had short wings that were only stubs. They ate fruit, seeds and nuts. Portuguese sailors said that they saw the Dodos eating fish. They also ate rocks and stones which might have helped them digest food. They are eaten by humans who come in the search of treasure or spouting.
Extinction 
The dodo was not scared of people which made it easy to hunt and kill. Dogs, cats, rats and pigs were left on the island and also killed the dodos. Because dodos built their nests on the ground, the new animals ate their eggs. The forests were chopped down and the dodo lost its habitat. Within 80 years, the dodo was extinct. The last confirmed dodo sighting in Mauritius was 1662, but a 2003 research by David Roberts and Andrew Solow estimated that the dodo lived another few decades unnoticed until around 1690.

The last known stuffed bird was at Oxford University and was thrown out as rubbish. Only a foot and a head are left. The American Museum of Natural History in New York has a skeleton showing. It was put together out of bones from several different Dodos. The Natural History Museum of Mauritius has the only complete skeleton of a dodo, found in a swamp.

References

Other websites 
 The Dodo Cartoon Blog 

Columbiformes
Flightless birds
Extinct birds
National symbols of Mauritius