Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The Maroon Berets are a highly trained elite special operations armed force unit that was created by officers from the Turkish Army. They are also called "Bordo Bereliler". Their priority is to eliminate terrorists, attackers and foreign military threats on the Turkish Republic and provide homeland security. Other missions include behind enemy lines operations, high risk reconnaissance missions and front line engagement and termination missions.

There are three categories of education and training that a MB will undergo. These are Domestic, International and Specialty

Within these three categories, there are 47 different subjects. Domestic training takes 72 weeks of basic training; International training takes 10 to 52 weeks of specialized training in different countries. It takes 3.5 – 5 years to become a MB commando.
The Maroon Berets (MB) came into the public spotlight when they captured the PKK terrorist organization leader Abdullah Öcalan in Kenya. The identities of MB personal is classified. Unlike other special operations teams, MB Officers are battle hardened and are constantly operating and are active in the war on the PKK in the south eastern Iraqi border region of Turkey and even cross border action into Northern Iraq.

Beginning and involvement in the Korean War 

Birth of the Maroon Berets is just prior to the Korean War and immediately after World War II. Their first name was "Turkish Commandos" ().
In a bid to gain membership into NATO, Republic of Turkey sent army troops to combat during the Korean War. At the time the United States military didn't have special operations team therefore the Maroon Berets were the only special operations team to operate in the Korean War. MB officers would operate assault missions into North Korean territory and would recon and intelligence gathering missions into China. MB commandos were the only foreign armed force to operate on Chinese soil at that time. As of this date, the exact details and operations of the MB commandos in the Korean War remains classified.

In 1992, their name changed to "Maroon Berets" ().

1974 Turkish Invasion of Cyprus
The Maroon Berets remained highly active in the Turkish Invasion of Cyprus in 1974 ( also known as the 1974 Turkish-Greek war) and played a major role in the outcome of the (Turkish victory) war. Turkish MB commandos priority throughout the war was to eliminate the Greek Junta armed forcein Cyprus which would ultimately cause the collapse of the Greek Junta Political-Military heavily armed force. The Maroon Berets and the Turkish Army would achieve this through two Invasions Invasion A and Invasion B with invasion scout and reconnaissance missions prior to Invasion A and Invasion B. Maroon Beret commandos would land undetected using high speed attack boats for Scouting and reconnaissance before the two main Invasion landing. They would sneak for miles giving locations for the main invasion landing vessels to land on, bomb coordinates for the Air Force to strike, map terrain, mark danger zones and hidden mine fields for the upcoming invading soldiers and plant charges to blow during the invasion
. Their scouting and reconnaissance would last from 3 hours to 3 days. These missions were often highly risky and critical for the safety of Turkish Infantry troops, tanks and transport vehicles.
War on the PKK and Turkish incursions into northern Iraq 

The Maroon Berets conduct daily operations against the PKK terrorist organization in the ongoing clashes between Turkish Security forces and Kurdish PKK Terrorists in an effort for an independent Kurdish state in south eastern Turkey and northern Iraq. Aside from daily operations Maroon Berets participated and led the Turkish Army into battle in 5 Invasions into Northern Iraq as far as 32 kilometers.

October 5th 1992, Operation Northern Iraq, in retaliation to an simultaneous attacks on 3 Turkish Gendarme Station which left 28 soldiers dead and 125 wounded. The Turkish Military captured  1,232 PKK terrorists and had killed another 1,551.

March 20th  1995, Operation Steel in retaliation of a Kurdish attack which left 64 Turkish soldiers dead and another 185 wounded. Result in the killing of  555 terrorists and the capture and execution of 13.
May 12th 1997, Operation Hammer in retaliation the a Kurdish attack which left 114 Turkish soldiers dead and another 338 wounded. Turkish Forces killed 2,730 and captured 415, all to be executed after prison sentences of 25 years.

September 25th 1997, operation Dawn, in retaliation to another attack which killed 31 Turkish soldiers and 91 wounded. 694 Killed and 151 executed on live television by firing squads in 3 different broadcasts.

February 21st, 2008 operation Sun in retaliation to a 5th Kurdish attack which killed 27 Turkish soldiers. Turkish Forces would kill 240 and capture 320, to jail.

All of the Invasions were led by Maroon Beret commandos followed by Gendarme Commandos and then by Army Soldiers.

Training and recruitment
Maroon Berets are all recruited from high rank Army officers who volunteer to join. Each recruit must have at least served 3 years as an Army soldier and must have certain amount of time received by Army operations either from exercises or actual clashes. They must undergo A) Domestic training witch takes 72 weeks B) International training takes 10 to 52 weeks depending on the rank of the volunteering officer. and C) specialty. After graduating from Special Operations Training commandos are tested before officially becoming an MB officer. They are expected to survive in all environmental conditions for at least 2 weeks, so they are left  as an entire team in different environments each on with no equipment or help for 2 weeks as a part of the final testing stage. If they survive they become MB commandos. They are also tested by a number of other near impossible tests which can be anything from performing the Trust shot to a few questions on subjects they learned in training
.  On the last month of training Maroon Berets receive interrogation and torture training. The last month of training is called hell month, similar to the United States Navy Seals hell week training.
Trust Shot 
The Trust Shot () is a part of the MB's training program. It is exercised on the last month of the training and is to ensure that the soldiers can trust each other with their lives. The Trust Shot consists of two members of a squad standing next to paper target boards, while another member fires on the targets with a handgun while walking towards them from 15 meters (49.2 feet) away. The MB's are the only special operations team in the world to exercise the trust shot.

During the exercise the men standing next to the targets are not allowed to move or wear body armor.
Government of Turkey
Military organizations
A coalition is an alliance, where the members work together.

Politics and government
A coalition government, in a parliamentary system, is a government made from a coalition of parties. This means the union of different political parties or groups for a purpose, usually for a short time.

In international relations, a coalition can be a group of nations united for a specific purpose, such as fighting a war.

Other websites
 Mapleleaf Web – Coalition Governments in Canada

Diplomacy
International relations is a branch of political science. Predominant study topics are politics, economics and law on a global level. It represents the study of foreign affairs and global issues among states within the international system, including the roles of states, diplomacy, international organizations (IGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs).

United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization that describes itself as a "global association of governments facilitating co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity"; It is the most prominent international institution. Many of the legal institutions follow the same organisational structure as the UN.

Economic institutions
World Trade Organisation
World Bank
International Monetary Fund
African Development Bank
Asian Development Bank

International legal bodies
Human rights
United Nations Human Rights Council
Human Rights Committee
European Court of Human Rights
Inter-American Court of Human Rights
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
International Criminal Court

Legal
International Court of Justice
European Court of Justice
African Court of Justice
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea

Regional security arrangements
ASEAN
Arab League
CIS
CSCAP
Maritime security regime
NATO
RECAAP
SCO

Related pages
Neutrality (international relations)
Realism theory
Thomas Hobbes Leviathan
Immanuel Kant Perpetual Peace
Niccolò Machiavelli The Prince
Jean-Jacques Rousseau The social contract
Thucydides The History of the Peloponnesian war
Political science is a branch of social science that is concerned with theory, description, analysis and prediction of political behavior, political systems and politics.

Political scientists study the allocation and transfer of power in decision-making, the roles and systems of governance including governments and international organizations, political behavior and public policies. They measure the success of governance and specific policies by examining many factors, including stability, justice, material wealth, and peace.

Related pages 
 Law
 Constitutional economics
 Constitutional law
 Debate
 Diplomacy
 Freedom of speech
 Government
 International relations
 Jurisdiction
 Civics
 Nation
 Political economy
 Political philosophy
 Politics
 Policy
 State
 War

Further reading 
 American Political Science Review - The Evolution of Political Science . APSR Centennial Volume - Special Issue - November 2006

Other websites
Other websites 

 American Political Science Association
 International Political Science Association 
 Political Studies Association of the UK
 PROL: Political Science Research Online (prepublished research)
 Truman State University Political Science Research Design Handbook
 A New Nation Votes: American Elections Returns 1787-1825 

Political science
"Thnks fr th Mmrs" is a 2007 song by Fall Out Boy. It is the second single from Infinity on High, the band's fourth album. It was released on March 27, 2007 in the United States. The title is "Thanks for the Memories" without the vowels. 

The song was able to make it to #9 on the Pop 100, #11 on the Billboard Hot 100, #13 on the Mainstream Top 40, #14 on the Adult Top 40, #14 on the Dance Club Songs, #19 on the Alternative Airplay, and #23 on the Rock Digital Songs charts. It was also certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

It was used by Network Ten in Australia to promote the 2007 AFL Finals Series.

References

Other websites

2007 songs
Fall Out Boy songs
"That's What You Get" is a 2008 song by Paramore. It is off the album RIOT!. Its music video was released on March 24, 2008.

It is the music video about which Hayley Williams said "You will really get to see who they are. We had a load of family and friends surround us for the video and it just felt so natural".

Also, in the video, the band plays in a room, as well as Williams outside singing to an audience and using body language.

References 

2008 songs
Paramore songs
Pop rock songs
In dimensional analysis, a dimensionless quantity (or more precisely, a quantity with the dimensions of 1) is a quantity without any physical units and thus a pure number. Such a number is typically defined as a product or ratio of quantities which do have units, in such a way that all the units cancel out.

Example 
"out of every 10 apples I gather, 1 is rotten." -- the rotten-to-gathered ratio is (1 apple) / (10 apples) = 0.1 = 10%, which is a dimensionless quantity.

List of dimensionless quantities 
There are infinitely many dimensionless quantities and they are often called numbers. Some of those that are used most often have been given names, as in the following list of examples (alphabetical order):

Other websites 
 Biographies of 16 scientists with dimensionless numbers of heat and mass transfer named after them 
 How Many Fundamental Constants Are There? by John Baez
 Michael Sheppard, Systematic Search for Expressions of Dimensionless Constants using the NIST database of Physical Constants, 2007
Dancing with the Stars is an American television series where professional dancers are partnered with celebrities. The couples compete against each other in a dance competition and one couple is eliminated in each episode. The show began in 2004 and is shown on the ABC television network. The show has different series which use various different names in over 40 countries. It was originally based on the British series Strictly Come Dancing.

A video game has been made based on the show.

References

Other websites
 

2004 American television series debuts
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
Dancing with the Stars
ABC network series
Tartu is the second biggest city in Estonia. The University of Tartu, the oldest and most famous in Estonia is found there. Around 102,000 people were living in Tartu as of 2008.

Twin towns 
These are the twin towns of Tartu:

Galley

References 

Cities in Estonia
Hanseatic League
Track listing 
All songs written by Fall Out Boy, except when noted.
 "Thriller" – 3:29
 "The Take Over, the Breaks Over" – 3:33
 "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" – 3:32
 "I'm Like a Lawyer with the Way I'm Always Trying to Get You off (Me & You)" – 3:31
 "Hum Hallelujah" – 3:50 (Fall Out Boy, Cohen)
 "Golden" – 2:32
 "Thnks fr th Mmrs" – 3:23
 "Don't You Know Who I Think I Am?" – 2:51
 "The (After) Life of the Party" – 3:21
 "The Carpal Tunnel of Love" – 3:23 (Fall Out Boy, Eisold)
 "Bang the Doldrums" – 3:31
 "Fame < Infamy" – 3:06
 "You're Crashing, But You're No Wave" – 3:42
 "I've Got All This Ringing in My Ears and None on My Fingers" – 4:06

2007 albums
Fall Out Boy albums
Island Records albums
Pop punk albums
Rock albums
Yellow Submarine is a 1968 animated cartoon movie, based on the music of The Beatles, and was inspired by their song of the same name. It is also the title of two soundtrack albums, featuring the music used in the movie. It shows how animation can be different at the time, when animation was marketed towards children.

Song 
Beatles John Lennon and Paul McCartney wrote "Yellow Submarine" in 1966, with help from another singer, Donovan, who also performed on the Beatles's recording of it. The recording appeared on their Revolver album, released later the same year. It also became a single, with "Eleanor Rigby" as its . Both songs became popular, but "Yellow Submarine" was especially liked by children.
Movie 
King Features Syndicate, a cartoon publisher (who were also famous for Popeye the Sailor), produced an animated series featuring the Beatles's  and songs. (The band themselves were not involved in the making or writing of the series, and did not like the series very much.) The Beatles had a contract with United Artists, to make three movies for them, but had not liked the way their second movie, Help!, had turned out. They did not want to appear in another movie. When George Dunning and Al Brodax, who directed and produced their cartoon series, asked the Beatles for permission to make a cartoon based on "Yellow Submarine", they agreed mostly because the cartoon would help them finish their movie contract.
More Beatles songs (and ideas based on their song lyrics) would be featured in the movie. Along with using songs they had already recorded, the Beatles were expected to make new music especially for the cartoon. They did not put much effort into making this music. Instead they set aside  songs, or songs that had not turned out as well as they had hoped, to give to the producers. In all, only four new songs were set aside for the movie. Two were written by George Harrison.

The band helped more with ideas for the movie's story, adding jokes and things they thought would make an audience laugh. Erich Segal, who later became famous for his novels Love Story and Oliver's Story, helped write the screenplay for Yellow Submarine. The Beatles' speaking voices in the movie were not their own, but were provided by actors.
The  working on the movie did their best, to make it entertaining and interesting. George Martin, who was the Beatles's music producer, composed orchestral music to play behind the dialogue. He also worked hard, to make the music fit well with the  of the cartoon.

The Beatles themselves produced a , Magical Mystery Tour, which was shown on British TV over the Christmas holidays in 1967. It was strange, and did not have a normal . Many people who saw it did not like it, and ABC in the United States cancelled their plans to show Magical Mystery Tour in America. The failure of the show hurt the Beatles's reputation, even though the soundtrack still sold well. Yellow Submarine was scheduled to appear in cinemas during 1968, and many hopes were placed on it, to be a success.
When the Beatles saw an unfinished version of the cartoon, they were very pleased and impressed with it. They decided to appear in a  , to finish the movie. Yellow Submarine made its public debut on June 6, 1968, and became an instant hit with audiences, especially with children and families. Most of the people who saw the movie did not know how little the Beatles had really been involved with making it, or even thought to ask. Many of their later memories of the Beatles were based on what they saw in Yellow Submarine.

Even though one song, "Hey Bulldog", had been recorded specially for the movie, its sequence was edited out of the American version. The title still appeared in its credits, however.
Storyline 
Much of the movie is set in "Pepperland", an  country filled with happiness, music, kindness and peace. The "Blue Meanies", who hate anything that is positive, invade Pepperland, taking it over and doing their best to destroy everything that the Pepperlanders love. Old Fred, a servant of Pepperland's , escapes the invasion in a yellow submarine, and seeks help.

He finds it in Liverpool, England, in the form of the Beatles, whom he brings back to Pepperland. They pass through the Sea of Time, the Sea of Holes, the Sea of Monsters, and the Sea of Green, finally reaching Pepperland. Disguised as Sergeant Pepper's Band (the official Pepperland band), they bring music back to the country, and are able to defeat the Blue Meanies. Rather than chase away or destroy the Blue Meanies, they instead invite them to the victory celebration. The Meanies change their ways, and learn to enjoy the things that make Pepperland a happy place.
Soundtrack 
The movie's soundtrack album did not appear until months after the movie was first shown. Another album, The Beatles (called the White Album by listeners, and later by the band themselves) came out first. The first half of Yellow Submarine featured the four new songs, the title song, and "All You Need Is Love", which played a major part in the storyline. The other half featured George Martin's orchestral .  versions of the album also included "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds", between the two halves.

Some critics and fans noticed that only a few Beatles songs appeared on the album, and were disappointed. Most did not care, and bought copies to hear the music. The album became another hit for the band.
Later history 
Yellow Submarine was still popular years later, even after the Beatles disbanded in 1970. It appeared on television (including CBS) many times during the 1970s and 1980s, and also in small "second-run" theaters. During the 1970s, John Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono had a son together, named Sean. Sean did not know his parents were famous. One day he saw the movie on television at his babysitter's house, and came home full of questions about his father's Beatle past. Lennon told Sean that he gave up being a famous musician, so he could be a family man.

When  came along, Yellow Submarine was released on , and copies sold well.
Thirtieth anniversary 
In 1998, Yellow Submarine was  for a re-release, thirty years after it first appeared. Movie and recording technology had improved greatly over the years, and both the producers and Apple Corps, the Beatles's company, did not want the movie to seem old or outdated. They put much work into the remastering. The original version had been in  sound. Most movie theaters now had Surround Sound, and the producers wanted to upgrade the sound if they could.

For many years the Beatles had not allowed any remixing of their music. They made an exception for Yellow Submarine, though. Technicians went back to the original recordings, using new machines and ideas to make them sound better than ever before. John Lennon had died in 1980, but the surviving former Beatles all approved the new mixes. Ringo Starr was impressed most of all, and was pleased that parts of the music could be heard, that had never been heard before.
Along with a theatrical re-release, the remastered Yellow Submarine was also issued on videotape and DVD. A new soundtrack (called "songtrack") album was also issued, that included the new mixes of all the songs used in the movie. (George Martin's orchestral music was not included, but was available on the original soundtrack, which was still for sale.)

References

The Beatles
Animated movies
English-language movies
Movies with underwater settings
1968 comedy movies
A discrete cosine transform is a math process that can be used to make things like MP3s, and JPEGs smaller. It does this by breaking the sound or picture into different frequencies.

One way to calculate a discrete cosine transform is to use the Fourier transformation.
"Discrete" means that it works on discrete-time signals (sampled data).

Sounds 

For sounds, frequencies are the same as simple tones. You can make any sound by playing several tones at the same time. The discrete cosine transform is a way to find out which tones to play in order to make a given sound. The only difference between the tones is their pitch.

Human ears are good at hearing low pitches, but bad at hearing high pitches. If you use the DCT to break a sound into tones, you do not need to be as careful when playing the higher tones because people cannot hear them as well. MP3 encoders (programs which make MP3s) use this fact to make the sound smaller.

Pictures
Pictures 

With pictures, frequencies are like stripes and checker patterns. Just like with sound, you can make any picture out of different frequencies. Also like sound, people's eyes are not as good at seeing high frequencies (hard edges and fine grain) as low frequencies (solid colors and smooth shades). JPEG encoders use this fact almost exactly the same way as MP3 encoders do.

Digital signal processing
Harmonic analysis
Donald Franciszek  Tusk (, born 22 April 1957) was the President of the European Council. Before that he was the Prime Minister of Poland from 2007 to 2014. He was the leader of the biggest Polish political party, Platforma Obywatelska (Civic Platform). In August 2014, Tusk was elected to become the next President of the European Council.

In March 2017, Tusk was reelected as President of the European Council.

References

Other websites

 Prime Minister | Council of Ministers | The Chancellery of the Prime Minister

1957 births
Living people
Presidents of the European Council
People from Gdańsk
Prime Ministers of Poland
French polishing is a way of giving a high standard of finish to wood.

The careful and skilled multiple-layering of shellac polish on properly prepared wood when completed results in a lusterous, perfectly flat shine of an exceedingly high standard.  Indeed when applied correctly a French polished application can rarely be matched for sheer quality of finish.

Normally practiced by highly skilled craftsmen and women one might normally fine excellent examples of this superb finish in some of our stately homes although plenty of other examples exist. The advent of lacquered wood finishes has tended to make French polishing less needed in today's world.

Woodworking
Representative may refer to:
Representation (politics)
Representative democracy
Legislator, someone who is part of a legislature
House of Representatives

Basic English 850 words
The irregular bones are bones that from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. 

Irregular bones serve some special purpose in the body: 

(1) protection of nervous tissue (such as the vertebrae protect the spinal cord), 

(2) affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone).

The irregular bones are: the vertebræ, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.

Reference

Bones
In politics, representation describes how political power is given from a large group for a certain time period in the hands of a comparatively small group of its members. Representation usually refers to representative democracies, where elected officials (called representatives) nominally speak for their electors in the legislature.  Generally, only citizens have representation in the government in the form of voting rights. The term representation can be used in a number of different ways. Representation can be understood in terms of how legislators represent their constituents.

References 
Ulbig, Stacy G. (2005) "Political Realities and Political Trust: Descriptive Representation in Municipal Government". Southwestern Political Science Association Meeting. Retrieved from   on July 19, 2005.
Breakdown of Federal Highway Spending, State by State

Other websites
Analysis of reapportionment after the 1990 US census , from an Arizona State University website

Democracy
Lag is a word that means to fail in keeping pace or to fall behind. This term is used a lot by people who are talking about video games that have a delay between when a player presses a button on a controller and something happening in the game. This happens more often during online gaming when the access point a player is using is far away or when other players are using slower connections, such as dial-up. The slowing down of a website when more people get onto that website can also be called lag.

Video games
Allotment, also known as sortition, is a method of selection by some form of lottery. It is used to have an equal chance to be selected for those that are involved. For instance it is done by drawing coloured pebbles from a bag. In the democracy of Athens in Ancient Greece sortition was the main method for appointing officials. People thought it this method was one of the principal characteristics of democracy. 

Aristotle saw equality and democracy in a close context:

"Democracy arose from the idea that those who are equal in any respect are equal absolutely. All are alike free, therefore they claim that all are free absolutely... The next is when the democrats, on the grounds that they are all equal, claim equal participation in everything."
Examples
Historical
The Athenian democracy made much use of sortition, with nearly all government offices filled by lottery rather than by election.
The Doge of Venice was appointed by a lengthy procedure using alternating rounds of sortition and election.
The Signoria of Florence and other Italian city republics was elected by lot during the medieval period.

Related pages
Election
Appointment

References

Other websites
Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform  (official website).
South Australian Constitutional Convention  (official website)
The Loka Institute  (official website)
Sortition. Newsletter of the Society for Democracy including Random Selection (UK).
A Citizen Legislature
Integrating Public Voting And Random Selection for True Democracy

Ancient Greece
Politics
The Round Table was a table used by King Arthur and his knights, in the legends about him. The Round Table was in Camelot, the castle where King Arthur and his knights lived. In the legends, they met at the table to talk about the safety of Camelot and the kingdom, and about what adventures and quests they could go on. This got them the name 'The Knights of the Round Table'.

Shape 
The shape of the table was very important. Most tables are rectangular, and have a place called the "head of the table". This is the narrow part at the top, where the leader usually sits. Because the table was round, it meant that the people who sat around it were all seen as equal.

Characters 
The table is used by King Arthur and his knights. King Arthur's wife, Guinevere, did not have a seat at the table, but King Arthur did take her advice on occasion. In some versions of the legend, the wizard who lived in Camelot, called Merlin, also had a seat at the table. He was seen by King Arthur as a good friend and adviser.
Dangerous Chair (Siege Perilous) 
Some legends also note a special chair at the Round Table, called the Siege Perilous, or 'Dangerous Chair'. Legend says that the seat could only be used by a knight who had a pure heart. A person with a pure heart was seen as someone who had committed no crimes or done any wrong. In the tale, anyone who sat in the chair but did not have a pure heart would die instantly. It was kept free by Merlin for the person who would one day find an object called the Holy Grail. This was a magical cup that was supposed to have been the one that Jesus drank out of during the Last Supper. In the story, this person was either Sir Galahad or Sir Percival, depending on what version of the story is told.

Related pages
 King Arthur
 Camelot
 Knights of the Round Table
 Holy Grail

Arthurian legend
"This Ain't A Scene, It's an Arms Race" is a 2007 single by Fall Out Boy. It is from the album Infinity on High. The song reached number 1 in New Zealand, the United States and Croatia.

Video clip 
The video clip starts off with the band finishing performing "Dance, Dance". They then walk off the stage, and one person starts playing "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" on their mobile phone MP3 player. They then start performing the song in a recording studio. From the second verse, the band all do separate things.

2007 songs
Fall Out Boy songs
"The Carpal Tunnel of Love" is a 2007 single by Fall Out Boy. It was released in the United States on February 5, 2007, on the iTunes Store, and was not put out on a CD. The music video contains people from the television program Happy Tree Friends.

Other websites
Video Clip on YouTube

2007 songs
Fall Out Boy songs
"The Take Over, The Breaks Over" (the quotes are a part of the name) is a 2007 song by the band Fall Out Boy. It was released in 2007 on their album Infinity on High.

Music video 
The video focuses on Pete Wenz's dog, Hemmingway. The video, which was made in black and white, shows Hemmingway in a dream.

Fall Out Boy songs
2007 songs
Doge (plural dogi or doges) is a word of an Italian dialect that comes from the Latin dux (as does the English duke and the standard Italian duce), that means "leader", especially in a military context.

The title of doge was used for the elected head of state in a number of Italian "crowned republics".  The two best known such republics were Venice and Genoa, which had maritime, commercial, and territorial mini-empires. Sometimes the Doge ruled for life; sometimes for a fixed number of years.

Heads of state
Government occupations
Doge may refer to:
 doge, a historical Italian chief of state, specifically:
Dogecoin, a type of online money (cryptocurrency)
Doge (meme), a meme named "Doge"
Valverde is a province of the Dominican Republic. It is in the northwestern part of the country. Its capital city is Mao.

It was created on 1959. It was a municipality of the Santiago province before being elevated to the category of province.

Name
The province was named Valverde after José Desiderio Valverde, an officer of the Dominican army when the Dominican-Haitian War. Later, he was President of the Dominican Republic for one year (July 1857 - August 1858). He was from Santiago de los Caballeros.

History
Very few people lived in the lands of the Valverde province because it is very dry; there were only some people raising cattle in large ranches. The Spanish word for those ranches was Hato and there are many places in the province with the word "Hato" in their names (Hato del Yaque, Hato Nuevo, Hato Viejo, Hato del Medio) or "Hatico" (small "Hato").
The road from the border with Haiti to Santiago de los Caballeros, the second most important city of the country, went across this region and during the Dominican-Haitian War (1844-1856), Haitian armies came across this region and people did not want to live here.

In 1918, a Belgian engineer, Luis L. Bogaert ("Monsieur Bogaert"), built a canal to take water from the river to the fields and he began to grow rice. That was an important change in the province and now Valverde is a province where rice is an important product.

Since the Dominican Independence, the territory was part of the Santiago province. It was made a province in 1959 with lands of the Santiago and the Monte Cristi provinces, with the municipality of Esperanza; in 1978, Laguna Salada became a municipality of the province.

The municipal districts of the province were created in:
 1998: Ámina
 1999: Jaibónand Maizal
 2000: Jicomé
 2001: Pueblo Nuevo and La Caya
 2002: Cruce de Guayacanes
 2005: Boca de Mao
 2006: Paradero
Location
The Valverde province is in the northwest part of the Cibao valley. It is bordered to the north by the Puerto Plata province, to the east and south by the Santiago province, to the southwest by the Santiago Rodríguez province and to the west by the Monte Cristi province.

Population
In  (last national census), there were  people living in the Valverde province, and 129,071 () living in towns and cities. The population density was  persons/km².

Its population represents  of the total population of the country and the province is ranked as the 18th (out of 31 plus the National District) more populated province.

, the total estimated propulation of the province is 171,754 inhabitants.

The largest city of the province is Mao, its head municipality or capital, with an urban population (in ) of 49,714 inhabitants.

Geography
The Valverde province has a total area of . It has  of the area of the Dominican Republic and it is ranked as the 28th (out of 31 plus the National District) largest province.
The altitude of the provincial capital, Mao, is  above sea level.

Most of the province is in a valley along the Yaque del Norte and Mao rivers.

The province is separated from the Puerto Plata province by the Cordillera Septentrional mountain range. The highest mountain of the province is in this range: "Loma Jicomé", also called "El Murazo"; it is  high.

South of the city of Mao are the Sierra Samba (a chain of low hills) and part of the Cordillera Central mountain range. The highest mountains of the island are in the Cordillera Central but in the Valverde province there are only low mountains.

There are several important rivers that flow through the territory of the province. The most important river is the Yaque del Norte, that flows from east to west; the other rivers are all tributaries of Yaque del Norte. Other important rivers are Mao and Ámina that come from the Cordillera Central; those rivers that flow from the Cordillera Septentrional are very short and do not have much water.
Climate
The climate of the province is a tropical climate, hot during the whole year.

Municipalities
There are 3 municipalities and 10 municipal districts (M.D.) in the province.

Economy
The main economic activity of the province is farming and the main products are banana, plantain, rice and vegetables. Cattle is alto important in the province, mainly in the southern part of it.

Sugar cane was grown around the city Esperanza where there was a sugar factory. But the factory closed and sugar cane is not grown any more. Now there are some cloth factories in Esperanza.

References

Provinces of the Dominican Republic
1959 establishments in North America
1950s establishments in the Dominican Republic
Serket was an ancient Egyptian goddess. She was shown as a scorpion. She would sting "bad" people, but she could also cure scorpion stings and other poisons, such as snake bites. Because Serket could cure snake bites, she was sometimes known as the protector from Apep, the evil snake-god.

She was shown in art as a scorpion or as a woman with a scorpion on her head. Serket did not have any temples, but she had many priests.

Many people in ancient Egypt who were bitten by poisonous animals died from the poison. Because of this, Serket was also known as a protector of the dead. She was associated with fluids that cause stiffening during embalming. This caused her to become known as a protector of embalmers' tents and of the canopic jar for the intestine (Qebehsenuf). The intestine's canopic jar was the one associated with poisons.
Because she was a protector of canopic jars, Serket was associated with Aset (Isis), and Nebet Het (Nephthys) and Neith. Later, Serket began to be known as Isis. Serket came to be known as a part of Isis, instead of a separate goddess.

References

Egyptian gods and goddesses
Tempera (sometimes known as egg tempera) is a type of artist's paint. It was the main medium used for panel painting and illuminated manuscripts in the Byzantine world and the Middle Ages in Europe, until it was replaced by oil painting as the most popular medium for large paintings. It is still used for Orthodox icons. Some modern painters use tempera. 

In modern times, some manufacturers call ordinary poster paint by the name of "tempera". Poster paint is not really tempera. It is a different type of paint called gouache.

Painting with tempera
When the painting is finished, it is not very brightly coloured, until it has been varnished. This makes the colours bright and shiny. The good thing about tempera painting is that the colours do not change over the years, whereas oil paintings change, get darker and go more yellow. Tempera paintings can last well for at least two thousand years. Because tempera paintings take a long time to do, many of them are small. Sometimes artists painted large altarpieces in tempera. One of the biggest tempera paintings is Duccio's picture of the Madonna and Child in the Uffizi Gallery. It is about 15 feet high. Another very famous large tempera painting is Botticelli's Birth of Venus which is also in the Uffizi. (see picture above)
History 
Some of the oldest paintings in tempera are funeral portraits of dead people done is Egypt during the time of Ancient Rome. Tempera continued to be used for Christian religious paintings. It was the medium for Greek icons and was used in Italy and many other countries until oil painting came into use, in about 1500. Most of the famous Italian Renaissance painters used tempera. This includes Duccio, Giotto, Fra Angelico, Botticelli and Michelangelo. In Northern Europe they used oil paint. This started to become popular in Italy in the 1570s. Leonardo painted the Mona Lisa in oil paint. Nowadays, although oil paint and vinyl paint are much more common, some artists paint in tempera. One of the most famous tempera painters of the 20th century is Andrew Wyeth.

Gallery of small tempera paintings 

Paints
Decision making is the mental process that leads to the selection of an action among several alternatives. Every decision making process produces a final choice. The output can be an action or an opinion.

There is a growing awareness that people often make good decisions rapidly without knowing how they do it. This runs against the older rational decision-making ideas.

Related pages
Adaptive unconscious
Forecasting
Majority rule
Political science
Risk

References

Other websites
 Emotional and Decision Making Lab, Carnegie Mellon, EDM Lab 
 The de Borda Institute - Emerson, P J.  Beyond the Tyranny of the Majority, a comparison of the more common voting procedures used in both decision making and elections.
 Decision Analysis in Health Care  - An online course from George Mason University providing free lectures and tools for decision making in health care.
 DecideBetter! - An online resource to help make better decisions in your everyday lives.

Problem solving
Trichotillomania (TTM) (often called "trich") is an impulse control disorder. It causes a person to habitually pull out their hair. People with trichotillomania may pull hair from anywhere on the body. Sometimes people with trich end up having large areas on the body without hair. 

Trichotillomania is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM is written by the American Psychiatric Association. It lists every condition which is officially called a mental illness. The DSM puts trich in the "impulse control disorder" category. However, there are questions about what category trich should be in. At different times, it may seem to be a habit, an addiction, a tic disorder, or an obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Impulse control disorders
Terror is a state of fear, an overwhelming sense of imminent danger.
See Horror

Terror could also mean:

In history 
Reign of Terror, a period of extreme violence, 1793 - 1794, during the French Revolution
The last weeks of the Reign of Terror are sometimes referred to as the "Red Terror" or "Great Terror"; see below for other uses of those terms.
Red Terror, a campaign of repression and violence by Bolsheviks in Soviet Russia 1918 - 1922
White Terror, acts of violence by reactionary groups as part of a counter-revolution
The White Terror (France), two similar movements against the French Revolution 1794 - 1795
Great Terror, another name for the Great Purge, campaigns of repression and persecution in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s

In popular culture
The Terror (1963 movie), a 1963 horror movie directed by Roger Corman
The Terror (novel), a 2007 novel by Dan Simmons
Terror (band), an American hardcore punk band from California
"Terror", a song by My Ruin from their 1999 album Speak and Destroy
In comics
Terror (New England Comics), a supervillain from The Tick comic books, cartoon, and live-action TV series 
Terror Inc., a 1992 Marvel Comics series
Terror (Marvel Comics), the fictional Marvel Comics character of the 1940s

Other uses
Green terror, a tropical freshwater fish
Night terror, a sleep disorder
HMS Terror (disambiguation), nine ships of the Royal Navy
USS Terror (disambiguation), three ships of the United States Navy
Mount Terror (disambiguation), two mountains
Terrorism, act of extreme hatred against a group of people resulting in multiple deaths, these people are known as terrorists.
A person who causes terror for one or more people can also be called a terrorist.

Related pages
Terrorism
Terrorist (disambiguation)
The Reign of Terror or simply The Terror was a period of about 11 months during the French Revolution, led by Maximilien de Robespierre. During this time, French people who did not support the revolution were executed at the guillotine.

The Reign of Terror was announced on 5 September, 1793. A Revolutionary Tribunal decided who would be killed. This happened more and more often in June and July of 1794, a period called la Grande Terreur (The Great Terror). On 17 July 1794, sixteen nuns attracted much attention by singing a religious song as they were being executed for treason. The Terror ended ten days later, when several important leaders of the Reign of Terror were executed, including Saint-Just and Robespierre. The Terror took the lives of between 18,500 to 40,000 people.
Robespierre died due to the Thermidorian Reaction against the Jacobins, by being executed with the guillotine. This was a revolt against the revolution otherwise called a counter-revolution.  Robespierre was one of the last to be guillotined, after the 21 followers.

Other websites 
The Terror from In Our Time (BBC Radio 4)

French Revolution
Terrorism
1793
1794 in France
Faction or factionalism can refer to:
 Political faction, a group of people connected by a shared belief or opinion within a larger group
 Faction (literature), a type of historical novel rooted in fact
 Faction (Planescape), political factions in the game, Planescape
 Guild Wars: Factions, a computer game developed by ArenaNet.
 FACTION 28, a music channel on SIRIUS Satellite Radio
 Faction (musical project), a British/Israeli electronic music project
 The Faction, a Punk rock band
A political faction is a grouping of individuals, especially within a political organization, such as a political party, a trade union, or other group with a political purpose.  
It may also be called a power bloc, or a voting bloc.  

The individuals within a faction are united in a common goal for the organization they are a part of. They stick together to achieve this goal and improve their position within the organization.

A political faction could be described as a “party within a party”. But political factions are not limited to political parties; they can form within any group that has some sort of political aim or purpose.

Examples of modern political factions

United States

Within the Democratic Party
Democratic Leadership Council

Within the Republican Party
Christian Right (made up of Christian Voice, Moral Majority, Christian Coalition, and Focus on the Family. The Christian Right claims to champion Biblical values)

China
China

In the history of the Republic of China from 1911 until 1949, factionalisation within the Chinese Nationalist Kuomintang was a large problem for the central government, especially for Chiang Kai-Shek. Warlord factions which had been persuaded to ally with Chiang during the (1926–1927) had to be constantly pacified, as well as regional military governors who ruled regions that were not directly administered by Chiang's central government. Often historians conclude that this lack of unity contributed to the defeat of the Nationalists in holding mainland China during the Chinese Civil War.

References
Etymology on line

Politics
The French Constitution of 1791 was the second written Constitution of France. The new French Government started using it after the French Revolution. It had the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen for its introduction.

This Constitution said that France was going to have a constitutional monarchy. The biggest disagreement was over how much power the King of France should have in such a system. After very long negotiations, the first Constitution was brought in September of 1791. 

It created a constitutional monarchy. But the king ran away anyways, because he was scared of the Jacobins, who didn't like kings.

The idea of Separation of powers was the basis for the Constitution: The National Convention was the legislative body, the King and the Ministers made up the executive branch, and the judicial branch was independent from the other two. However, the French Revolution still continued after this document was signed.
The constitution tried to create a liberal bourgeois constitutional monarchy, but this did not work out. On 10 August 1792 the monarchy of France ended.

Other websites 
 The Constitution of 1791 

1791
1790s in France
France
Law of France
Executive may mean:

 Executive (government), a branch of government or local authority
 Executive order, an edict issued by a member of the executive branch of a government
 Executive system (or executive functions),  the brain processes involved in high-order cognition
 Executive car, a size of car
 Architecture of Windows NT#Executive, an internal part of modern Microsoft Windows
 Manager, also known as a corporate executive; a manager in a corporation
 Chief executive officer (CEO) or chief executive is the highest-ranking corporate officer
 Executive format, a special paper size in the United States and Canada
 The Executive, a fictional belt-less raincoat in the American sitcom Seinfeld
 Executive (Lebanese magazine), a Lebanese newsmagazine
 Studio executive, an employee of a movie studio