Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Fire
In the early hours of 14 June, 2017, a fire broke out in the building, which caused massive damage to nearly all of the building. The fire broke out around the 4th floor of the 23 floor building. It was signalled to police at 0:54 local time. The fire brigade took 6 minutes to get to the tower. In total, 70 fire engines, and more than 200 firefighters were trying to put out the fire. On the 14th of June, at the end of the day, the number of people injured (and taken to hospitals) was about eighty, about 20 were in a critical condition. About 72 people died in the fire. There could have been up to 600 people in the 120 one- and two-bedroom flats of the block at the time of the fire. The number of people that were in the building when the fire broke out is unknown; police have estimated around 200.
Mayor of London Sadiq Khan said there were "questions that have to be answered" about the fire-safety conditions at the Grenfell Tower. Khan criticised the safety instructions telling people to stay in their flats in particular:
"We can't have people's lives being put at risk because of bad advice or lack of maintenance." The advice of staying in the flat assumes that firefighters can contain the fire inside the building, which is impossible if it is spreading rapidly via its outside. The advice may have proved fatal to many people.

Extinguishing the fire
A team of 250 firefighters from forty fire engines attempted to control the fire and rescue people. The first emergency services arrived six minutes after the alarm, but the fire's very high temperature slowed rescue attempts. At 04:14, officials from the Metropolitan Police addressed the large crowd of onlookers and urgently told them to contact anyone they knew who was trapped in the building—if they are able to reach them via phone or social media—to tell them they must try to self-evacuate and not wait for the fire brigade. Firefighters entered the building to try to rescue people but reported they were hindered by the extreme heat. According to witnesses, there were people trapped inside, waving from windows for help, some holding children. There were two witness accounts of parents dropping their children down to people below, including a baby who was caught after being thrown from the ninth or tenth floor, and a small boy thrown from the fifth or sixth floor
. There were also eyewitness reports that some people were jumping out. At least one person used knotted blankets to make a rope and escape from the burning building. Frequent explosions that were reported to be from gas lines in the building were heard.
After three hours, the original crew of firefighters were replaced. By sunrise, the firefighters were still battling the fire and trying to spray areas where people were seen trapped. The watching crowd were pushed back from the building because of falling debris. At 05:00, the building was still burning and severely damaged. The fire continued to burn on the tower's upper floors into the afternoon of 14 June. Firefighters were expecting to continue tackling the blaze for at least a further 24 hours. Although fears were expressed that the building could collapse, structural engineers determined that it was not in danger and that rescue teams could enter it to search for survivors, casualties and bodies.

Cause
Cause 

The cause of the fire has not yet been determined.  Several media outlets reported that it may have been caused by a faulty kitchen appliance. A fourth-floor resident told the media that it was his neighbour's fridge that caught fire around 1:00 am, and that they immediately began knocking on doors to alert people. He said that within half an hour the building was entirely engulfed in flames.

Whilst there was much criticism of the lack of fire sprinkler systems, Geoff Wilkinson, the building regulations columnist for the Architects' Journal, wrote in a comment on 14 June, before the cause was known ("we should avoid speculating"), that if a leaking gas riser or the cladding were at fault, sprinklers would have had little effect. He said he had seen extracts of a fire risk assessment and talk of flammable material stored in the common walkways, suggesting poor overall management.

Problems

Poorly maintained
Poorly maintained 

The inhabitants of the building organised the Grenfell Action Group, years ago. They regularly pointed out problems with the building. In 2013, they published part of a report, where they showed that the protection against fire was insufficient in the building.  Regulations require that these materials are checked regularly. According to the 2013 report of action group, there had been no such checks in the three years before the report.

When a building is on fire, people need to be able to get out quickly. Usually, there are specially signalled escape lanes for this. The action group pointed out that the escape lanes were not free, and people often parked their cars in such a way that the police was unable to get close to the building.

There had been various repairs and renovations in the building, from 2014 to 2016. The company who was responsible for these works said that they were shocked, at what had happened, and that at the time the works had been done, regulations had been met.
Materials on the outside of the building may have helped the fire spread 

When the building was renovated, the materials used for the outside of the building were changed. Fire safety experts have speculated that this new material was a possible cause of the rapid spread of the fire. They said it essentially worked like a chimney in spreading the fire. The material could be seen burning and melting, causing additional speculation that it was not fire resistant. One resident said, "The whole one side of the building was on fire. The cladding went up like a matchstick."
According to the US-based manufacturer of Reynobond, the polyethylene version of the material is banned in the United States for use in buildings exceeding  in height, because of the risk of spreading fire and smoke. The refurbishment also used an insulation foam product named Celotex RS5000, installed behind the cladding.
According to its datasheet, the polyisocyanurate product—charred pieces of which littered the area around Grenfell Tower after the fire—"will burn if exposed to a fire of sufficient heat and intensity".
The cladding at Grenfell seems to have been used to decorate other apartment blocks. People are concerned that the affected buildings may face the same problems.
Some residents had reported concern that the new cladding on the building was fixed onto it with wooden battens. There is widespread concern amongst residents and fire safety experts about the increasing use of timber, even in high-rise buildings, following a change to building regulations. It was reported that one reason for the new cladding was to improve the view for people living in the surrounding area.

Automatic fire alarm system may have failed 
Some residents said no fire alarms went off when the fire started. Residents said they were alerted to the fire only by people screaming for help or knocks on the door and not by a fire alarm. Others reported that they survived by ignoring the council's "stay put" policy, its directive instructing residents to remain in their flat in case of fire.
The London-wide Radical Housing Network, a citizens' action "group of groups... fighting for housing justice across London" of which the Grenfell Action Group is a member, said that the fire was "a horrific, preventable tragedy" that was the result of a "combination of government cuts, local authority mismanagement, and sheer contempt for council tenants and the homes they live in".

Community response 
People in the immediate area and from across London rallied to assist victims of the fire. Donations of food, water, toys, and clothes were made. Saint Clement Church on Treadgold Street and St James' Church, Norlands, in the Deanery of Kensington, provided shelter for people evacuated from their homes, as did nearby mosques and temples.
Nearby Queens Park Rangers Football Club have offered their Loftus Road venue as a relief centre and are accepting donations of food, drink and clothing from the local community, and other nearby football clubs Brentford and Fulham have offered their stadiums as relief centres.

References

2017 in London
2010s fires in Europe
2017 fires
Building and structure fires in the United Kingdom
Fires in London
June 2017 events
2010s disasters in the United Kingdom
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 35,805 people lived there. The county seat is Brenham.

References

Texas counties
Coryell County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 83,093 people lived there. The county seat is Gatesville.

References

Texas counties
DeWitt County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 19,824 people lived there. The county seat is Cuero.

References

Texas counties
Goliad County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 7,012 people lived there. The county seat is Goliad.

References

Texas counties
When Nicot returned, he brought tobacco plants. He introduced snuff tobacco to the French royal court. In particular, he presented the queen mother, Catherine de' Medici, with tobacco leaves to cure her of her migraines. The plant was also an instant success with the Father Superior of Malta, who shared tobacco with all of his monks. More and more of the fashionable people of Paris began to use the plant, making Nicot a celebrity.At first, the plant was called Nicotina. But nicotine later came to refer specifically to the particular chemical in the plant. The tobacco plant, Nicotiana, also a flowering garden plant, was named after him by Carl Linnaeus, as was nicotine. Nicot described its believed medicinal properties (1559) and sent it as a medicine to the French court.For his service to the French royal court, Nicot was given the name 'de Villemain' and land near Brie-Comte-Robert
. There, he compiled one of the first French dictionaries, Thresor de la langue françoyse tant ancienne que moderne (published in 1606).
References 

1530 births
1600 deaths
French nobility
Ambassadors of France
People from Nîmes
16th-century French people
Subsidized housing is the idea to create housing opportunities (usually flats) for people who have trouble finding a flat on the free market. Usually, this means that there is a maximum rent. Very often, the government pays part (or all) of this rent. People who get the apartments or flats need to meet certain criteria.
Housing
Raynaud's syndrome is a spasm of small arteries. This causes reduced blood flow to end arterioles.

References 

Diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system
Autoimmune diseases
On June 14, 2017, in Alexandria, Virginia, James Thomas Hodgkinson opened fire on several Republican members of Congress and their staffers, who were practicing for the Congressional Baseball Game scheduled for the next day.  

A ten-minute shootout ensued between Hodgkinson and officers from the Capitol Police and Alexandria Police. Hodgkinskon shot five people, including House Majority Whip  Steve Scalise (R–LA) and two Capitol Police officers assigned to protect him; one of the officers shot Hodgkinson, who later died from his wounds. Police have not commented on his motivation.

Scalise was the first sitting member of Congress to have been shot since Arizona Representative Gabrielle Giffords was attacked in the 2011 Tucson shooting.

President Donald Trump issued a statement saying, "We are deeply saddened by this tragedy. Our thoughts and prayers are with the members of Congress, their staffs, Capitol Police, first responders, and all others affected." Vice President Pence made similar comments.
References

2017 crimes
June 2017 events
2017 in Virginia
Alexandria, Virginia
Gheorghe Guşet (28 May 1968 – 12 June 2017) was a Romanian shot putter. He competed at the 1992, 2000 and 2004 Olympics and had his best result in 2004, aged 36 (14th place). Guşet was noted for being competitive in his late 30s, and set his all-time personal record aged 38, while most shot putters peak in their late 20s or early 30s. Due to health problems (chronic kidney disease) he was forced to retire from competitions in 2008.

Guşet died on 12 June 2017 in Cluj Napoca, Romania from an aortic dissection at the age of 49.

References

1968 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from aortic dissection
Romanian Olympians
Shot putters
Aortic dissection occurs when a tear in the inside of the aorta causes blood to flow between the layers of the wall of the aorta, forcing the layers apart. In most cases this is associated with a sudden onset of severe chest or back pain, often described as "tearing" in character. 

Also, vomiting, sweating, and lightheadedness may occur. Other symptoms may result from decreased blood supply to other organs such as stroke or mesenteric ischemia. Aortic dissection can quickly lead to death as a result of not enough blood flow to the heart or rupture of the aorta.

Aortic dissection is more common in those with a history of high blood pressure, a number of connective tissue diseases that affect blood vessel wall strength such as Marfan syndrome, a bicuspid aortic valve, and previous heart surgery.

References

Other websites

Diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system
Heart disease
Patricia Edwina Victoria Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (14 February 1924 – 13 June 2017) was a British peeress and the third cousin of Queen Elizabeth II. She was the elder daughter of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma and his wife, the heiress Edwina Ashley, a patrilineal descendant of the Earls of Shaftesbury, first ennobled in 1661.

Knatchbull was the elder sister of Lady Pamela Hicks, and first cousin to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and the last surviving baptismal sponsor to Prince Charles, Prince of Wales.

Biography
Mountbatten succeeded her father when he was assassinated in 1979, as his peerages had been created by the Crown with special remainder to his daughters and their heirs male. This inheritance accorded her the title of countess and a seat in the House of Lords, where she remained until 1999, when the House of Lords Act 1999 removed most hereditary peers from the House.

Knatchbull died on 13 June 2017 in Kent, England at the age of 93.
Titles and styles
 14 February 192423 August 1946: Miss Patricia Mountbatten
 23 August26 October 1946: The Honourable Patricia Mountbatten 
 26 October 194627 August 1979: The Right Honourable The Lady Brabourne 
 27 August 197913 June 2017: The Right Honourable The Countess Mountbatten of Burma

References

Other websites
Regiments.org on Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry
 mountbattenofburma.com - Tribute & Memorial web-site to Louis, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma 
 About Us - Patrons of The Compassionate Friends

1924 births
2017 deaths
British military personnel of World War II
British royalty
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People from Westminster
Ernestina Herrera de Noble (June 7, 1925 – June 14, 2017) was an Argentine publisher and executive. She was the largest shareholder of the Grupo Clarín media conglomerate and director of the flagship Clarín newspaper. She was the first woman to become director of a mainstream newspaper in South America.

Early life
Ernestina Laura Herrera was born in Buenos Aires in 1925. She became a Flamenco dancer and met the founding publisher of Clarín, Roberto Noble, around 1950.

Career
As his widow, she inherited a controlling stake in Clarín, Argentina's most widely circulated newspaper since 1965. Despite its large circulation, however, Clarín suffered financial difficulties when Mrs. Noble inherited the director's post.
Under her leadership, Clarín extended its reach into Argentine media, purchasing two second-ranked outlets, Radio Mitre and Channel 13, in 1990, Multicanal Cable TV in 1992, and other stations and magazines. She extended the partnership with La Nación by leading Clarín into a joint wire service, Diarios y Noticias (DyN), in 1982, and into a holding company in 1997.

Death
De Noble died on June 14, 2017 from pneumonia in Buenos Aires, aged 92.

References

1925 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in Argentina
Writers from Buenos Aires
Argentine journalists
Businesspeople from Buenos Aires
Sam Beazley (29 March 1916 – 12 June 2017) was a British actor.  He began acting as a teenager in the 1930s. He appeared with John Gielgud in productions of Hamlet (1934) and Romeo and Juliet (1935). 

He returned to acting when he was 75. Since then has appeared in a variety of stage and movie productions. In his 90s, he became a painter. He was known for his role as Everard in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007).

Beazley died on 12 June 2017 at the age of 101.

References

Other websites

1916 births
2017 deaths
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
British voice actors
British centenarians
Albert Ramsdell Gurney Jr. (November 1, 1930 – June 13, 2017) was an American playwright, novelist and academic. He was known for works including The Dining Room (1982), Sweet Sue (1986/7), Love Letters (1988), and The Cocktail Hour (1988). 

Gurney died in Manhattan on June 13, 2017, at the age of 86.

References

1930 births
2017 deaths
American playwrights
American novelists
Academics from New York (state)
Writers from Buffalo, New York
Marc-Andre Ter Stegen (born April 30, 1992) is a German professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for FC Barcelona and the Germany national football team. He currently has the No. 1 shirt for Barcelona and no. 22 for Germany.

Career statistics

Club

International

References

Notes

1992 births
Living people
German association football goalkeepers
Sportspeople from Mönchengladbach
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Keylor Antonio Navas Gamboa (born December 15, 1986) is a Costa Rican professional footballer who plays as goalkeeper for Nottanham Forest and the Costa Rica national football team. He currently wears the number 1 shirt for both teams.

Career statistics

Club

1 Includes UEFA Super Cup and FIFA Club World Cup matches.

References

1986 births
Costa Rican footballers
Association football goalkeepers
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Living people
Sergio Romero (born February 22 1987) is an Argentinean professional footballer who plays as goalkeeper for the Argentina national football team. He currently wears the No. 1 shirt for the latter team.

Career statistics

Club

References

1987 births
Living people
Argentine association football goalkeepers
Gareth Southgate (born 3 September 1970) is an English professional football manager and former player. He is currently managing the England men's national football team. As a player, he played as defender.

Managerial statistics

References

1970 births
Living people
English footballers
English football managers
England national football team managers
Association football defenders
Sportspeople from Hertfordshire
People from Watford
Aston Villa F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Spencer Karen Grammer (born October 9, 1983) is an American actress best known for her roles as Summer Smith on the Adult Swim animated science fiction series Rick and Morty and as Casey Cartwright on the ABC Family  college comedy-drama Greek. She is the daughter of Kelsey Grammer.

References

Other websites

Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
1983 births
Living people
Cladding is placing one type of thing on top of another in a layer to make something like a skin. This can protect whatever is underneath the cladding from the weather, or it may make it look beautiful.

For example, Rainscreen cladding is one form of weather cladding. It protects things from rainwater and keeps it from getting too hot or cold. The cladding does not need to be waterproof.  Some cladding only makes the rainwater or wind flow another way to control run-off. For example, rainscreen cladding can make water on a rooftop flow away from some parts of the building so the water does not come inside. Cladding may also stop noise. Cladding applied to windows is often referred to as window capping and is a specialized field.

References

Architectural elements
The flag of Spain () has three horizontal stripes of red, yellow and red. It is also known as la Rojigualda. It was adopted 19 December 1981.

References

Spain
Flag of Spain
Fireproofing is making a part or a structure resist a fire, while still keeping the function it was designed for. Fireproofing is a passive fire protection measure. There are different levels of certifications; higher levels of certification mean that a part or a structure can withstand a fire longer.

Safety
Firefighting
When a person needs to get away from a fire, inside a building or a tunnel, they need to do this quickly. For this reasons, fire escapes are installed, and signaled. Very often fire escapes are separate stairways, often outside the building. The first fire escape was invented in England by Daniel Maseres, in 1784.

Such installations are most common in the United States, particularly in metropolitan areas.

Firefighting
Safety
Attacus atlas, better known as the atlas moth, is a large moth found in Southeast Asia. It has one of the largest wing surfaces of any moth in the world, and one of the longest wingspans. Adult atlas moths have no mouth parts, so they only live one to two weeks.

Saturniidae
François Houtart (7 March 1925 – 6 June 2017) was a Belgian marxist sociologist and Catholic priest. He was born in Brussels, Belgium. He participated as a peritus expert in the sessions of Vatican II (1962–1965) playing a key role in the formation of the introduction of the Gaudium et spes. Over the years, Houtart developed a dialectical approach to the study of world religions. He was a professor at the Université catholique de Louvain.

Death
Houtart died on 6 June 2017 in Quito, Ecuador at the age of 92.

Awards
In 2009, Houtart was awarded the UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance and Non-Violence "for his lifelong commitment to world peace, intercultural dialogue, human rights and the promotion of tolerance, and in recognition of his outstanding efforts to advance the cause of social justice in the world."
Books
The Church and Revolution: from the French Revolution of 1789 to the Paris riots of 1968, from Cuba to Southern Africa, from Vietnam to Latin America, by François Houtart and André Rousseau. Translated by Violet Nevile (1971)
Religions and ideology in Sri Lanka, Colombo, Hansa, (1974)
El campesino como actor, Managua, Ed. Nicarao, (1982)
Religion et modes de production précapitalistes, Bruxelles, editions de l'ULB, (1992)
Sociología de la Religión, Mexico, Plaza y Valdés, (2000)
Mondialisation des Résistances (with Samir Amin), Paris, L'Harmattan, (2002)
Haïti et la culture dans une commune vietnamienne, Paris, Les Indes Savantes, (2004)

Related pages
List of sociologists from Europe

References

1925 births
2017 deaths
Belgian academics
Belgian Roman Catholic priests
Christian theologians
Marxists
Writers from Brussels
European sociologists
James McMillan "Jim" Nielson Graham (August 26, 1945 – June 11, 2017) was a Scottish-born American politician. He served as a member of the Council of the District of Columbia. He was a Democrat. He represented Ward 1 in Washington, D.C. from 1999 through 2015. He was born in Wishaw, Scotland.

Graham died on June 11, 2017 at a hospital in Washington, D.C. from complications of a lung infection caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 71.

References

Other websites
Jim Graham's Official Homepage
Metro - About Metro - Biographies  WMATA biography
Guide to the Jim Graham Papers, 1973-2006, Special Collections Research Center, Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library, The George Washington University 

1945 births
2017 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from North Lanarkshire
Prafullachandra Natwarlal Bhagwati (21 December 1921 – 15 June 2017) was an Indian judge. He was the 17th Chief Justice of India, serving from 12 July 1985 until his retirement on 20 December 1986. He introduced the concepts of Public Interest Litigation and Absolute liability in India, and for this reason is held along with Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer, to be a pioneer of judicial activism in the country.

Bhagwati died on 15 June 2017 at the age of 95 at New Delhi, India from renal failure.

References

Other websites
 P. N. Bhagwati, Brief biography at Supreme Court of India

1921 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
Disease-related deaths in India
Chief justices of India
Douglas Geoffrey Rowell (13 February 1943 – 11 June 2017) was an Anglican bishop. He served as Bishop of Basingstoke and then as the third Bishop in Europe until his retirement on 8 November 2013. Following his retirement he ministered as an assistant bishop in the Diocese of Chichester (from 2013) and in the Diocese of Portsmouth (from 2015). 

Rowell was born in Hampshire and died in the early morning of Trinity Sunday, 11 June 2017, in Worth, West Sussex, aged 74.

References

Other websites
 Anglicans in Istanbul, Letter to "the Times", 2 February 2007 

1943 births
2017 deaths
Academics of the University of Oxford
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Church of England bishops
People from Hampshire
Ibrahim Abouleish (23 March 1937 – 15 June 2017) was an Egyptian pharmacologist. He was born in Mashtul, Egypt. In 1977 he returned to Egypt and founded the comprehensive development initiative SEKEM. The organization focuses on biodynamic farming methods in Egypt.

Abouleish died on 15 June 2017 in Cairo, Egypt at the age of 80.

Related pages
List of Egyptian scientists

References

Other websites
 Biography on Right Livelihood Award website 
 blog about a german TV documentary

1937 births
2017 deaths
Egyptian businesspeople
Chemists
Egyptian scientists
Pharmacologists
Ajmer Singh Aulakh (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਅਜਮੇਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਔਲਖ, 19 August 1942 – 15 June 2017) was an Indian playwright and social activist. He was born in Mansa District Punjab. Aulakh won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2006 for his book Ishaka bājha namāza dā hajja nāhī (Plays).

Aulakh died on 15 June 2017 from stomach cancer in Punjab, India at the age of 74.

Plays
Ik Ramayan hor (One More Ramayana)*Niuṃ-jaṛa 
Satt begaane
 Kehar Singh di maut (Kehar Singh's Death) 
Ishaka bājha namāza dā hajja nāhī 
 Bhajian bahin (Broken Arms)
Ikka sī dariā 
Jhanāṃ de pāṇī 
Aise jana wirale sam̆sāre

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stomach cancer
Cancer deaths in India
Indian playwrights
Indian activists
Curt Hanson (1943 – June 16, 2017) was an American politician. He was born in Algona, Iowa. Curt was a member of the Iowa House of Representatives.  A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the Iowa House from 2009 until his death in 2017, representing the 90th and 82nd Districts.  

Hanson died on June 16, 2017 at his home in Fairfield, Iowa of prostate cancer at the age of 73.

References

Other websites

Representative Kenneth Veenstra  official Iowa General Assembly site

1943 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from prostate cancer
Cancer deaths in Iowa
Educators from Iowa
Politicians from Iowa
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
State legislators of the United States
Wilma de Faria (February 17, 1945 – June 15, 2017) was a Brazilian politician. She served as the governor of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte from 2003 to 2010, the first woman to hold the position. She was a member of the Brazilian Socialist Party.

Faria died on June 15, 2017 from cancer at the age of 72.

References

1945 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in Brazil
Brazilian politicians
A sandwich panel is a kind of composite material, which is usually made of two components: A small outside layer (which is the same on both sides), and an inside layer, which is used to get certain properties, for example insulation or fire resistance. Aluminium is often used for the outside part - the respective panels are also known as Aluminium Composite Panels. Sandwich panels are used in situations where high structural rigidity and low weight are required. They are also used for cladding, eg. to add insulation, fire resistance, or simply to make a surface look more beautiful.
Building materials
The Laguna Copperplate Inscription is a document marked on a copper plate in 900 AD and found in Laguna, Philippines. The document is written in Old Malay language using Kawi script. It was translated by Antoon Postma (a Dutch anthropologist) in 1992. It is evidence of ancient kingdoms of Medang, Sri Vijaya, Tondo, and others.

References 

History of the Philippines
Documents
900
Baldwin Jacobson Lonsdale (21 February 1950 – 17 June 2017) was a ni-Vanuatu politician and Anglican priest. He served as President of Vanuatu from 22 September 2014 until his death in 2017. He was born in Monte Lava.

Lonsdale died on 17 June 2017 in Port Vila of a heart attack, aged 67.

References

Other websites

1950 births
2017 deaths
Anglican priests
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Presidents of Vanuatu
Kgosi Lucas Manyane Mangope (27 December 1923 – 18 January 2018) was a South African politician. He is the former leader of the Bantustan of Bophuthatswana and founder and former leader of the United Christian Democratic Party, a minor political party based in the North West of South Africa.

On 1 May 1971, Mangope became Chief Minister of the Bophuthatswana Legislative Assembly and retained his post following the first Bophuthatswana elections on 4 October 1972.  Initially leader of the Bophuthatswana National Party, Mangope left the party following what was officially referred to as 'internal strife' and formed the Bophuthatswana Democratic Party, which then became the governing party. He became President in 1977. 

In 1988 he was briefly overthrown by members of a military police unit, and was reinstated following intervention by the South African Defence Force.

References

1923 births
2018 deaths
Presidents (government)
South African politicians
Sotirios "Sam" Panopoulos (; 1934 – 8 June 2017) was a Greek-born Canadian cook and businessman. He was born in Vourvoura, Greece. He was known as the inventor of Hawaiian pizza.

With his brothers Elias and Nikitas, Panopoulos owned the Satellite Restaurant in Chatham, Ontario. They offered typical American items such as burgers and fries, and also American Chinese dishes, some of which also mix sweet and savory flavours. In the early 1960s Panopoulos started offering pizzas, recently popular in the USA. In 1962 he had the idea to add canned pineapple to pizza.

Panopoulos died of cardiac arrest at a hospital in London, Ontario on 8 June 2017, aged 83.

References

1934 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Chefs
Greek people
Inventors
People from London, Ontario
Earl Ethan Bakken (January 10, 1924 – October 21, 2018) was an American engineer, businessman and philanthropist. He founded Medtronic, where he developed the first external, battery-operated, transistorized, wearable artificial pacemaker in 1957.

Bakken retired from Medtronic in 1989 and moved to a 9-acre estate in the Kona District of Hawaii he calls Bakken Hale.

Bakken died at his Hawaii home on October 21, 2018 at the age of 94.

References

Other websites

 Earl Bakken's Website
 The Bakken Museum Homepage

1924 births
2018 deaths
Philanthropists from Minnesota
Businesspeople from Minnesota
Scientists from Minnesota
American electronic engineers
Schlieren (Zürich German: Schlierä) is a city of the district of Dietikon in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 The city of Schlieren Official website 

Municipalities in Dietikon
Cities in Switzerland
Reichsführer-SS () was a special title and rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945 for the commander of the Schutzstaffel (SS). Reichsführer-SS was a title from 1925 to 1933, and from 1934 to 1945 it was the highest rank of the SS. The longest serving and by far most noteworthy Reichsführer-SS was Heinrich Himmler.

Office holders
In all, five people held the title of Reichsführer-SS during the twenty years of its existence. Three persons held the position as a title while two held the actual SS rank. 
 
Julius Schreck (1925–1926)
Joseph Berchtold (1926–1927)
Erhard Heiden (1927–1929)
Heinrich Himmler (1929–1945)
Karl Hanke (1945)

References

SS
Polyisocyanurate is a thermoset plastic. It is also called PIR, polyiso, or ISO. It is usually made as a foam. It is used as rigid thermal insulation. It is similar to polyurethane (PUR) except that the proportion of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is higher and a polyester-derived polyol is used in the reaction instead of a polyether polyol.  Catalysts and additives used in PIR is also different from those used in PUR.

References

Other websites

Polyisocyanurate Insulation Manufacturers Association 
Polyisocyanurate Insulation energy savings, by Center for the Polyurethanes Industry 

Polymers
Schöfflisdorf is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

Geography
It is in the Wehntal.

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Dielsdorf
Schönenberg was a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. On 1 January 2019, the former municipalities of Hütten and Schönenberg merged into the municipality of Wädenswil.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Former municipalities of Zürich
Schwerzenbach is a municipality in the district of Uster in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 
 

Municipalities in Uster
Seegräben is a municipality in the district Hinwil in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

Villages
Aathal, Aathal-Seegräben, Aretshalden, Sack, Ottenhausen and Wagenburg.

References

Other websites

 Official website of Seegräben 
 Dinosaur Museum 
 Jucker Farm 

Municipalities in Hinwil
Brahmo Samaj is a Hindu reform movement founded in the 19th century in India.

History of Brahmo Samaj
During the 19th century Indian society had various social and religious problems in the Indian society. Several movements were started to help reform the society various "samajs" were formed. These included the Prathna Samaj, the Satya Shodhak Samaj, the Theosophical Society, and others. The Brahmo Samaj was one of these. It was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in the year 1828. It can also be said as the first attempt by the Indians to reform their religion and end its harmful practices. While under Keshab Chandra Sen it was able to make great progress and set up many branches across India. The Brahma Samaj helped reform the Indian society.
Reforms
Some of its important reforms were to end the practice of sati (the widow committing suicide on her dead husband's funeral pyre), opposing the worship of many gods, ending costly sacrifices and meaningless rituals. The movement proposed the belief that God is omnipresent, promoted inter-caste and widow remarriage, opposed child marriage and polygamy, and more.

Doctrine
The following doctrines, as noted in Renaissance of Hinduism, are common to all varieties and offshoots of the Brahmo Samaj:

 Brahmo Samajists have no faith in any scripture (holy writings) as an authority.
 Brahmo Samajists have no faith in Avatars (gods taking on a bodily form).
 Brahmo Samajists denounce polytheism (multiple gods) and idol-worship.
 Brahmo Samajists are against caste restrictions.
 Brahmo Samajists make belief in the doctrines of Karma and rebirth optional.

References

Hinduism
1828 establishments
Organizations based in India‎
19th-century establishments in India
Chernihiv () is a city in Ukraine. About 300,000 people live there.

Twin towns — Sister cities
Chirnihiv is twinned with:
  Gomel, Belarus
  Memmingen, Bavaria, Germany
  Tarnobrzeg, Poland
  Petah Tikva, Israel
  Gabrovo, Bulgaria
  Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
  Ogre, Latvia
  Prilep, North Macedonia

Gallery

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Cities in Ukraine
10th-century establishments in Europe
Establishments in Ukraine
Chernihiv Oblast
Seuzach (Swiss German: Söizi []) is a municipality of the district Winterthur in the Swiss canton of Zurich.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Winterthur
Offenburg () is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. In 2013, about 57,000 people lived there.

References

Other websites

  

Cities in Baden-Württemberg
Ortenaukreis
Landeck is a town in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is the capital of the district of Landeck.

References

Other websites

 Landeck official website 

Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Stadel is a municipality in the district Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Dielsdorf
Stäfa is a municipality of the district of Meilen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. It is near Rapperswil on the north bank of the Lake Zurich in the Pfannenstiel region.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Municipalities in Meilen
Cities in Switzerland
Stallikon is a municipality in Affoltern in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. About 3,438 people lived in Stallikon in 2015.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Affoltern
Zenica is the fourth-largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is about  north of Sarajevo and is on the Bosna river, surrounded by a mountainous and hilly landscape. The city is home to 115,134 inhabitants as of 2013.

References

Cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ústí nad Labem (, ) is the seventh-largest city in the Czech Republic. The area has many mountains. The city is where the Bílina and Elbe rivers join.

Twin towns – Sister cities 
Ústí is twinned with:
  Halton, United Kingdom
  Chemnitz, Germany
  Vladimir, Russia

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Cities in the Czech Republic
Ústí nad Labem Region
The Thur is a river in north-eastern Switzerland. The length is . Its source is near the mountain Säntis in the southeast of the canton of St. Gallen. In this canton it flows through the Toggenburg region and the town of Wil. After Wil it flows through the canton of Thurgau and its capital Frauenfeld. The final  of the river are in the canton of Zurich. It flows into the river Rhine on the border with Germany, south of Schaffhausen.

Rivers of Switzerland
Bettendorf is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Lecce is a historic city in southern Italy. It is in the Apulia region. In 2015, 95,766 people lived there.

 
Capital cities in Italy
Bettlach can mean:
 Bettlach, Switzerland
 Bettlach, Haut-Rhin, in Alsace, France
Bettlach is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Steinmaur is a municipality in the district Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

 Official Website 

Municipalities in Dielsdorf
Villach (, ) is the seventh-largest city in Austria (after Klagenfurt). It is also a district of Carinthia. About 70,000 people lived there in 2016.

References

Other websites

 Official website 

Settlements in Carinthia (state)
Districts of Carinthia (state)
Cities in Austria
Fisherman's Wharf is a neighborhood and popular tourist attraction in San Francisco, California.

Landmarks in San Francisco
Carl Gustav "Peter" Hempel (January 8, 1905 – November 9, 1997) was a German mathematician and philiospher. In philiosphy, he was one of the proponents of logical positivism. He developed the Deductive-nomological model, which is also known as Hempel-Oppenheim model. He also formulated the Raven paradox.

1905 births
1997 deaths
German philosophers
German mathematicians
Sternenberg was a municipality of the district of Pfäffikon in the Swiss canton of Zurich.

On 1 January 2015, the former municipality of Sternenberg merged into the municipality of Bauma.

Other websites

 Official Website 

Former municipalities of Zürich
A leeward slope is the part of a mountain that does not face the wind i.e. the slope opposite the windward slope.

Mountains
Niuean (Niuean: ko e vagahau Niuē) is a Polynesian language spoken by about 8,000 people, the majority of whom live in New Zealand. There are also Niuean speakers in Niue, where almost the entire population of about 2,000 speak the language, the Cook Islands and Tonga. The closest relative of Niuean is Tongan, while Māori, Sāmoan, and Hawaiian are also quite close. 

The alphabet was written in the 19th century by Christian missionaries, being influenced by the Samoan writing system.

References 

Polynesian languages
Iván Fandiño Barros (September 29, 1980 – June 17, 2017) was an award winning Spanish bullfighter. He was born in Orduña-Urduña, Spain.

Fandiño died of injuries he sustained after being gored by a bull on June 17, 2017 in Aire-sur-l'Adour, France, aged 36.

References

Other websites

1980 births
2017 deaths
Deaths in sport
Spanish sportspeople
Józef Grudzień (1 April 1939 – 17 June 2017) was a Polish boxer.

Grudzień was born in Piasek Wielki, Poland. He won two medals at the Olympic Games: gold in the Lightweight division at Tokyo 1964  and silver at Mexico City 1968. He also twice won medals at the European Amateur Boxing Championships, silver at East Berlin 1965 and gold at Rome 1967.

He was the winner of the Aleksander Reksza Boxing Award 1991.

References

1939 births
2017 deaths
Polish boxers
Polish Olympic gold medalists
Polish Olympic silver medalists
Venus Ramey (September 26, 1924 – June 17, 2017) was an American beauty pageant contest, and later an activist. She won the Miss America competition in 1944. She was born in Ashland, Kentucky.

Ramey left Kentucky to work for the war effort in Washington, D.C., and won the Miss District of Columbia pageant and then became Miss America in 1944. She was the first red-haired contestant to win the title.

Ramey died on June 17, 2017 in Science Hill, Kentucky at the age of 92.

References

1924 births
2017 deaths
American activists
Models from Kentucky
People from Kentucky
Leopoldo Sumaylo Tumalak (29 September 1944 – 17 June 2017) was a Filipino Bishop of the Military Ordinariate of the Philippines He was the incumbent Military Ordinariate of the Philippines since 2005 until his death in 2017. He was born in Santander, Cebu, Philippines.

Tumulak died on 17 June 2017 at a hospital in San Juan City, Manila, Philippines from pancreatic cancer, aged 72.

References

Other websites

1944 births
2017 deaths
Filipino Roman Catholic bishops
Biederthal is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Pärnu is the fourth-largest city in Estonia. It has 39,828 people.

Other websites

 Pärnu kaupunki 

Cities in Estonia
The Stanley Dynamic is a children's TV show. It started on YTV on March 19, 2015. It ended on April 7, 2017. Charles Vandervaart, Taylor Abrahamse, Madison Ferguson, Kate Hewlett, and Michael Barbuto play the most important people in the show. The show was almost the winner of a Canadian Screen Award for Best Writing in a Children’s or Youth Program or Series. It was also one of the best shows at the 2016 Cynopsis Kids imagination Awards for Best New Series.

Story 
The show is about Larry Stanley and his cartoon twin brother Luke Stanley as they go through high school. It's also about the rest of the Stanley family, like Lori, their smart little sister, Lane, their dad who draws cartoons, and Lisa, their mother who works making food.

Characters
Main characters 
  is played by Taylor Abrahamse. He's the cartoon twin brother of Larry Stanley, and the older brother of Lori Stanley. He's the only cartoon in the family, but they almost never mention it. He likes LARP-ing (Live-Action Role Playing), and is bad at sports. He's able to stretch his body and can bend a lot, but it hurts when he does it. He can also change his clothes by spinning around.
  is played by Charles Vandervaart. He's the real-life twin brother of Luke Stanley, and the older brother of Lori Stanley. He's part of the school football team, likes when people pay attention to him, and doesn't understand lots of things, like sarcasm and irony.
  is played by Madison Ferguson. She's the smart little sister of Luke and Larry Stanley. She's the smartest person in the family. She's likes studying studying bugs, and loves to make her brothers do things.
  is played by Kate Hewlett. She's Luke, Larry, and Lori Stanley's mom, and also makes food at the Brock.
is played by Michael Barbuto. He's Luke, Larry, and Lori Stanley's dad, and he draws cartoons.
Other characters 
  is played by Josette Jorge. She runs the Brock.
  is played by Michael Gross. He's Luke, Larry, and Lori Stanley's grandpa, and Lisa Stanley's dad.

Guest characters 
 David Hewlett played an astronaut named Glenn Parker.
 Alan Thick played himself.
 Jaleel White played Principal White.

References

Other websites 
 
 

Canadian animated television series
2010s Canadian television series debuts
Canadian children's television series
2010s comedy television series
2010s sitcoms
2010s Canadian television series endings
On 19 June 2017, at 00:15 BST, police officers responded to a vehicle running over several civilians with a reported "numerous casualties" in Finsbury Park, London. The attack occurred near Finsbury Park Mosque where the van ran over several worshippers.

The car reportedly crashed close to the Finsbury Park Mosque, with many of the injured seen wearing Muslim attire. Witnesses have said this is because worshippers were leaving the mosque at the time of the incident. One person has been arrested in relation to the attack. The individual, Darren Osborne, has been confirmed to be the attacker. It is being reported that 10 people have been injured in the attack and one person has been confirmed to have died. 

A witness reported to BuzzFeed News that the driver screamed that he wanted to "kill all Muslims".
On 23 June, Darren Osborne of Cardiff was charged with terrorism-related murder and attempted murder. In early February 2018 at Woolwich Crown Court, he was found guilty on both counts and was sentenced to life imprisonment.

References

2017 crimes in the United Kingdom
2017 in London
2010s crimes in London
2017 murders in the United Kingdom
June 2017 events
London Borough of Islington
Murder in London
Terrorist incidents in Europe in 2017
Terrorist incidents in the United Kingdom in the 2010s
Terrorist incidents involving vehicular attacks
Timothy Edward "Tim" Lee Hague (May 9, 1983 – June 18, 2017) was a Canadian mixed martial artist. He competed in the heavyweight division, most recently for Absolute Championship Berkut. He became a professional fighter in 2006, and formerly competed for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, World Series of Fighting and King of the Cage, where he went 11-0 and was the King of the Cage Canada Heavyweight Champion. He was born in Boyle, Alberta.

On June 16, 2017, he suffered a brain hemorrhage after being knocked out in a boxing match against Adam Braidwood in Edmonton, Alberta. He died on June 18, 2017 at the age of 34.

References

1983 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Deaths in sport
Sportspeople from Alberta
Anthony Liscio (July 2, 1940 – June 18, 2017) was an American football offensive tackle in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys from 1963 through 1971. He played college football at the University of Tulsa. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Liscio died from complications from ALS in Dallas, Texas on June 18, 2017 at the age of 76.

References

Other websites
Luring Tony Liscio out of retirement paid off for Liscio and Cowboys
Trading wasn't always so difficult in the NFL
Tulsa Hurricanes bio

1940 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Green Bay Packers players
Dallas Cowboys players
Sportspeople from Pittsburgh
Pierluigi Chicca (22 December 1937 – 18 June 2017) was an Italian fencer. He competed at the 1960, 1964 and 1968 Olympics in the individual and team sabre events and won a team bronze medal in 1960 and team silver medals in 1964 and 1968. He was born in Livorno, Italy.

Chicca died on 18 June 2017 in Rome, Italy, aged 79.

References

Other websites

1937 births
2017 deaths
Italian fencers
Italian Olympic bronze medalists
Italian Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Livorno