Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Other websites

 Closing in on bin Laden — The Washington Post collection of maps, diagrams, and other images
 Phillips, Macon. "Osama Bin Laden Dead." The White House Blog. May 2, 2011.
 "Photo Gallery May 1, 2011." The White House
 Garamone, Jim. "Obama Declares 'Justice Has Been Done'." American Forces Press Service, U.S. Department of Defense.
 Garamone, Jim. "Intelligence, Operations Team Up for bin Laden Kill." American Forces Press Service, U.S. Department of Defense.
 "Office of the Spokesperson Press Release Death of Osama bin Ladin." Embassy of Pakistan in Washington. May 2, 2011.

2011 deaths
2011 in Asia
2010s in Pakistan
Abbottabad
Barack Obama

May 2011 events
Assassinations
Bobby Dunbar was an American boy whose disappearance at the age of four and apparent return was widely reported in newspapers across the United States in 1912 and 1913. 

In August 1912, the Dunbars took a fishing trip to nearby Swayze Lake in St. Landry Parish, Louisiana.  On that trip, Bobby Dunbar disappeared, on August 23.

After an eight-month nationwide search, investigators believed that they had found the child in Mississippi, in the hands of William Cantwell Walters of North Carolina. 

Dunbar's parents claimed the boy as their missing son. However, both Walters and a woman named Julia Anderson said that the boy with him was Anderson's son. Julia Anderson could not afford a lawyer, and the court eventually sided for the Dunbars. Percy and Lessie Dunbar retained custody of the child, who spent the rest of his life as Bobby Dunbar.
In 2004, DNA test found that the boy found with Walters and "returned" to the Dunbars as Bobby had not been a blood relative of the Dunbar family. Since the DNA testing is conclusive, the fate of the actual Bobby Dunbar remains unsolved.

References

1912
1913 in the United States
20th century in Mississippi
Missing American people
Operation Eagle Claw, known as Operation Tabas () in Iran, was a United States Armed Forces operation ordered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter to try to end the Iran hostage crisis by rescuing 52 embassy staff held captive at the Embassy of the United States, Tehran on 24 April 1980. 

Its failure damaged U.S. prestige worldwide. Carter himself blamed his loss in the 1980 U.S. presidential election mainly on his failure to win the release of the hostages.

References

1980 in the United States
1980s in Iran
1980 deaths
Aviation deaths
Jimmy Carter
Geoffrey Louis Owens (born March 18, 1961) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Elvin Tibideaux on The Cosby Show (1985–1992).

In 2017, Owens played an Assistant Dean on the FOX drama series Lucifer.

In September 2018, a customer at a Trader Joe's took a picture of Owens, who worked the cash register. The publication of the photos has been characterized as "job shaming".

References

Other websites

Geoffrey Owens  at Internet Off-Broadway Database

1961 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Thomas Bangalter (born 3 January 1975) is a French musician, half of the duo Daft Punk, together with Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo, in the sub-genre known as French House (Filter House/Tekfunk).

1975 births
French DJs
Bass guitarists
Record producers
Movie score composers
Musicians from Paris
Living people
Singers from Paris
Los Gatos (meaning "The Cats" in Spanish) is an incorporated town in Santa Clara County, California, United States. It is in the San Francisco Bay Area, about 70 miles south of San Francisco. It is on the edge of Silicon Valley.

The town grew rapidly in the 1960s. As of 2020, it has 33,529 inhabitants. California State Route 17 runs through the town from south to north. 

Mission Oaks Hospital is the biggest employer, with 2,000 staff. Netflix is an online movie rental service headquartered in Los Gatos.

References

Towns in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Settlements in Santa Clara County, California
San Ramon is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States, located 34 miles east of San Francisco, and within the San Ramon Valley. San Ramon's population was as 84,605 at the 2020 census, making it the 4th largest city in Contra Costa County, after Concord, Richmond, and Antioch.

References 

Cities in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Settlements in Contra Costa County, California
Gwoyeu Romatzyh (pinyin: Guóyǔ luómǎzì, literally "National Language Romanization"), abbreviated GR, is a romanization of Mandarin Chinese, or a way to write Mandarin using the Roman alphabet, made by Yuen Ren Chao and some other linguists in the late 1920s. It was made as a way to write Mandarin using tonal spelling, or spelling rules that would change the syllable's spelling depending on its tone. For example, the syllable chai would be written as chai if it has the first Mandarin tone (or chāi in Pinyin), chair if it has the second tone (chái), chae if it has the third tone (chǎi), and chay if it had the fourth tone (chài). Y.R. Chao created GR in order to increase literacy in China because China's illiteracy was very high in the early 20th century. He made it that tones could be written without extra tone markers, which can be long and difficult to add when printing.
Even though many other Asian languages use tonal spelling, like Hmong, they all represent tones by using the same letter each time the tone is used. In Hmong, for example, -b is always a high tone, -s is always a low tone, -j is always high-falling tone. In GR, however, each syllable final has its own spelling rules, and many exceptions exist within these rules. For example, first tone words with the final -a as in bā is written with just one vowel like ba, except when the syllable begins with an l-, m-, or n-, which then must be written as lha, mha, and nha respectively. This is only one of its many rules and exceptions.
Unsurprisingly, many people thought GR was too difficult to learn. Nonetheless, it still has many supporters, and they would rather learn using GR than Pinyin. While supporters of GR claim that it helps users of GR remember tones better than people who just use Pinyin, studies have not supported this claim. As a matter of fact, one study showed that after one year, the subjects who learned Chinese using Pinyin could more accurately speak Mandarin with tones than those who learned using GR. 

After the Communist Party took over China, it tried to replaced all romanizations of Chinese, including GR, with Pinyin. While GR is not an official romanization in Taiwan, it can be seen in several places, including road signs, people's names, and the names of products, even though Hanyu Pinyin is the official romanization of Taiwan.
Even though almost all romanizations in mainland China today are in Pinyin, there are still some exceptions. For example, the name of the province Shaanxi is written in GR rather than in Pinyin, which would be Shǎnxī with tone markers, because there is already another province named Shanxi, which is written as Shānxī with tones. If the Pinyin names were to be written without tone markers (which they often are in everyday Pinyin), they should both be spelled Shanxi. Therefore they would be impossible to tell apart using just Pinyin without tones. Therefore, an exception has been made in this case. 

Below are examples of sentences written in Chinese characters, GR, and Pinyin with English translations.

References 

Romanization of Chinese
The Arch of Septimius Severus () is at the northwest end of the Roman Forum. It is a white marble triumphal arch. It was dedicated in  203 AD after the Parthian victories of Emperor Septimius Severus and his two sons. Two campaigns were fought against the Parthians in 194/195 and 197–199 AD.

The sons were Caracalla and Geta. After the death of Septimius Severus, his sons were initially joint emperors. Caracalla had Geta assassinated in 212; Geta's memorials were destroyed. All images or mentions of him were removed from public buildings and monuments. So, Geta's image and inscriptions were removed from the arch (damnatio memoriae).
203
Buildings and structures in Ancient Rome
The flags of the cities of the United States exhibit a wide variety of regional influences and local histories, as well as widely different styles and design principles.

Alabama

Alaska

Historical

Arizona

Historical

Arkansas

California

Historical

Colorado

Columbia, District of

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida
Many flags of Floridian cities feature their city seal on a saltire, incorporating elements from the Floridian flag, itself based on the former Spanish flag, into their designs.

Historical

Georgia

Historical

Hawaii

Historical

Idaho

Historical

Illinois

Historical

Indiana

Historical

Iowa

Historical

Kansas

Historical

Kentucky

Historical

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Historical

Massachusetts

Historical

Michigan

Historical

Minnesota

Mississippi

Historical

Missouri

Historical

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

Historical

New Hampshire

Historical

New Jersey

Historical

New Mexico
New Mexico

New York
Some city flags of New York, such as that of Albany and New York, feature colors from the Dutch Prince's Flag in their designs, due to the prominence of the Netherlands in the history of New York.

Historical

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Historical

Oklahoma

Historical

Oregon

Historical

Pennsylvania

Puerto Rico

Historical

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Historical

South Dakota

Tennessee

Historical

Texas

Historical

Utah

Historical

Vermont

Historical

Virginia

Historical

Washington

Historical

West Virginia

Historical

Wisconsin

Historical

Wyoming

Notes

References

Lists of flags
Flags
Flags of cities in the United States
CBS Television Distribution/CBS Media Ventures is an American television distribution company founded in 2007 Now in January 2021. It was formed from CBS Paramount Domestic Television and King World Productions CBS Television Distribution (CTD) is the former name of CBS Media Ventures, an American television distribution company, formed from the merger of CBS Corporation's two domestic television distribution arms CBS Paramount Domestic Television and King World Productions, including the home entertainment arm CBS Home Entertainment
. The division, the main distribution arm of CBS Paramount Network Television (now CBS Television Studios) and of the CBS television network, was formed on September 26, 2006, by CBS Corporation and was headed by Roger King, the CEO of King World until his death in 2007 CBS Media Ventures is an American television distribution company, formed from the merger of CBS Corporation's two domestic television distribution arms CBS Paramount Domestic Television and King World Productions, including the home entertainment arm CBS Home Entertainment. The division, the main distribution arm of CBS Paramount Network Television (now CBS Television Studios) and of the CBS television network, was formed on September 26, 2006, by CBS Corporation and was headed by Roger King, the CEO of King World until his death in 2007 Comes TV Show Rachael Ray
This would mark the sixth distribution name for CBS as CBS Television Film Sales was the first (1952–1958), CBS Films, Inc. was the second (1958–1967), CBS Enterprises was the third (1968–1971), Eyemark Entertainment was the fourth (1995–2000), and CBS Paramount Domestic Television was the fifth (2006–2012).

From 2006 to 2008, CTD distributed the DreamWorks Television and DreamWorks Pictures libraries in conjunction with Tribune Entertainment, after Viacom's acquisition of DreamWorks in February 2006, but before the studio was spun off. These distribution rights are now held by Disney-ABC Domestic Television (for live-action TV series and post-9/2005 live-action films) and Trifecta Entertainment & Media (for earlier live-action films and all animated productions).
Until May 2009, CTD distributed the Paramount Pictures library on television. By then, CBS also dropped the name "Paramount" from television for good, renaming CBS Paramount Television to CBS Television Studios. Paramount has also joined up with Trifecta. However, CTD continues to distribute films currently copyrighted by CBS (or a subdivision thereof), including those films from Cinema Center Films and CBS Theatrical Films, along with a few select entries to which CBS bought ancillary rights in later years, such as My Fair Lady.

The current moniker for CTD's overseas distribution arm is CBS Studios International (since 2009). Its predecessors were CBS Broadcast International and CBS Paramount International Television.
In 2012, CBS Television Distribution ceased to be a corporate entity, becoming a division of CBS Studios, Inc in 2021 CBS Media Ventures a CBS Viacom in December 2019 of Jeopardy & Wheel of Fortune Plus Debmar Mercury Like Family Feud The Wendy Williams Show or Other or Show Like The Oprah Winfrey Show Dr Phil & Rachael Ray Stay Home with Rachael or at Home with Rachael Mighty Mouse The New Adventures
Columbia Broadcasting System
2006 establishments in the United States
Awk is a programming language usually used for data extraction—taking data (information) from sources.

Programming languages
Guerrero is considered one of the greatest batters of all time, and is widely regarded as the best "bad ball" batter of all time (the ability to hit pitches outside of the strike zone). He was well known for putting the ball into play, and particularly on the first pitch.  He had exceptional hands at the plate, and would bat without batting gloves.  Guerrero was able to hit for both power and average.  In the outfield, Guerrero was sometimes considered a defensive liability, prone to making errors, which resulted in him being a designated hitter in the last stage of his remarkable career, but he was also known to have a very powerful throwing arm that allowed him to make outfield assists on base runners.
Many baseball fans and critics believe Guerrero's career was overshadowed by those of other players due to playing for a small fan base in Montreal, and similarly, many believe that he deserved to win the 2000 National League Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award for his remarkable season, an award which instead was won by Barry Bonds.

Guerrero barely missed being elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame on the first ballot (first year of candidacy), but he was admitted in on the second ballot.

One of Guerrero's sons, Vladimir Guerrero Jr., plays in MLB.

1975 births
Dominican Republic baseball players
American League All-Stars
National League All-Stars
Baltimore Orioles players
Montreal Expos players
Texas Rangers players
Living people
Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim players
Mawlawi Jalaluddin Haqqani (1939 – 3 September 2018) was an Afghan militant. He was the leader of the Haqqani network, a fighting group in guerilla warfare against US-led NATO forces.

By 2004, he was directing pro-Taliban militants to launch a holy war in Afghanistan. Within Pakistan, Jalaluddin had a relation with Pakistan but he did not act against the TTP. He was the most experienced Islamist leader in the region. Steve Coll, author of Ghost Wars, claims that Haqqani introduced suicide bombing in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region.

On 3 September 2018, the Taliban released a statement via Twitter saying that Haqqani died from a terminal illness in his late 70s.

References

1939 births
2018 deaths
Afghan leaders
Afghan military people
Taliban
Terrorists
Paul Koech (25 June 1969 – 4 September 2018) was a Kenyan distance and marathon runner. He was known for his competition at the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships in 1998 and finished in first place. He was also a regular competitor in the IAAF World Cross Country Championships with several top-5 positions.

Koech died on 4 September 2018 at a hospital in Nairobi from a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 49.

References

1969 births
2018 deaths
Kenyan long-distance runners
Marijan Beneš (; 11 June 1951 – 4 September 2018) was a Yugoslav-Bosnian boxer. He was born in Belgrade. He was thought of as one of the best in Yugoslav history.

After an amateur career, he won the gold medal in European Amateur Boxing Championships in Belgrade, he turned professional in 1977, and won the European Boxing Union title in the light welterweight in 1979. Beneš retired from the ring in 1983, after a severe eye injury.

Beneš died of complications from Alzheimer's disease in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina on 4 September 2018, aged 67.

References

1951 births
2018 deaths
Bosnia and Herzegovina sportspeople
Yugoslavian boxers
Gloria Jean (April 14, 1926 – August 31, 2018) was an American actress and singer. She starred or co-starred in 26 feature movies between 1939 and 1959. Her best known roles were in The Under-Pup, Pardon My Rhythm, and Manhattan Angel.

Jean died of heart failure in Mountain View, Hawaii on August 31, 2018 at the age of 92.

References

Other websites

 Gloria Jean Sings: tribute website with clips

1926 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
American child actors
Singers from Buffalo, New York
Actors from Buffalo, New York
Mountain View is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hawaii County, Hawaii, United States located in the District of Puna. The population was 3,924 at the 2010 census.

References

Census-designated places in Hawaii
Anita Lindman (née Lamm; 14 May 1932 – 31 August 2018) was a Swedish television announcer and producer. She was known for the children's program Anita och Televinken, which she both produced and announced for. She was a daughter of Uno Lamm and Ingalill Beckman. 

Lindman died in Norrtälje on 31 August 2018, aged 86.

References

Other websites
Anita Lindman at Swedish Film Database
Anita Lindman at LIBRIS
Anita Lindman at Svensk mediedatabas

1932 births
2018 deaths
Television producers
Swedish television presenters
John L. Gilbert III (born July 13, 1928) is an American television personality and actor. He worked mainly on television game shows. He was a nightclub singer and entertainer before becoming an announced for television game shows. He is known for his work as the announcer and audience host for the syndicated version of the quiz show Jeopardy! since its revival in 1984. 

Gilbert was born in Newport News, Virginia.

In 2017 Gilbert was honored by the Guinness Book of World Records for having the longest career as a game show announcer for a single show, after 32 years with Jeopardy.

References

Other websites

Johnny Gilbert's bio on the Jeopardy! website

1928 births
Living people
American television personalities
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Virginia
Singers from Virginia
Moira Yip is a British linguist. She earned her PhD in Linguistics in 1980 from MIT. She retired in 2009 from University College London (UCL). She had been Professor of Linguistics there. At UCL she also was co-director of the Centre for Human Communication. She was also Pro-Provost for China. Before joining UCL, she was Professor of Linguistics and Acting Dean at the University of California-Irvine (1992-1999) and Associate Professor at Brandeis University (1982-1992).

Moira Yip worked on theory of phonology (ideas about how sound is important in language). She was especially interested in phonology of Chinese. Her dissertation on the Tonal phonology of Chinese was published in the Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics series (Routledge). In 2002 she published the first modern textbook on tone in the Cambridge University Press linguistics textbook series.

She is married to business academic, George Yip.
Important publications 
 Yip, Moira J. 1980. The tonal phonology of Chinese. PhD dissertation, MIT.
 Yip, Moira. 1988. The Obligatory Contour Principle and Phonological Rules: a Loss of Identity. Linguistic Inquiry, 19 (1), 65-100.
 Yip, Moira. 1989. Contour tones. Phonology, 6(1), 149-174.
 Yip, Moira. 2002. Tone. Cambridge University Press.

References 

Academics of the University of London
Living people
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
British linguists
University of California faculty
Academics from Massachusetts
Junko Itō is a linguist. She was born in Japan and works in the United States. She earned her Ph.D. in Linguistics in 1986 at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her doctoral supervisor was Alan Prince. She is a professor of linguistics at the University of California, Santa Cruz. She was chair of the department from 1999-2006.

Itō mostly researches phonology and morphology. Her work on syllable structure is well-known. She has studied and written about rendaku in the Japanese language.  Her work has been published in Linguistic Inquiry and other peer-reviewed research journals in linguistics. She often works with another UCSC professor, her husband Armin Mester.

She is the daughter of mathematician Kiyoshi Itō.

Publications 
2015  Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. The perfect prosodic word in Danish. Nordic Journal of Linguistics 38(1). 5-36.

2015  Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Sino-Japanese Phonology. Chapter 7 of Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology. 2015. ed. by H. Kubozono. pp. 289–312.
2015  Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Word Formation and Phonological Processes. Chapter 9 of Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology. 2015. ed. by H. Kubozono. pp. 363–395. Mouton de Gruyter Series Handbooks of Japanese Language and Linguistics.

2013 Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Prosodic Subcategories in Japanese. Lingua 124. 20-40.

2009	Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. The onset of the prosodic word. In Parker, Steve, ed. Phonological Argumentation: Essays on Evidence and Motivation. London: Equinox. 227-260.

2009 Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Lexical classes in phonology. In Miyagawa, Shigeru, and Mamoru Saito, eds. Handbook of Japanese Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 84-106.

2007 Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Prosodic adjunction in Japanese compounds. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 55: Formal Approaches to Japanese Linguistics 4. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 97-111.
2003	Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Japanese Morphophonemics: Markedness and Word Structure. MIT Press Linguistic Inquiry Monograph Series 41. Cambridge, Mass.

1999 Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. The structure of the phonological lexicon. In Tsujimura, Natsuko, ed. The Handbook of Japanese Linguistics. Malden, MA, and Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell Publishers. 62-100.

1996 Ito, Junko, Yoshihisa Kitagawa, and Armin Mester. Prosodic faithfulness and correspondence. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 5. 217-294.
1995	Ito, Junko, Armin Mester, and Jaye Padgett. Licensing and redundancy: underspecification in Optimality Theory. Linguistic Inquiry 26. 571-614.

1995 Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. Japanese phonology. In Goldsmith, John, ed.,The Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell. 817-838.
1986 Ito, Junko, and Armin Mester. The phonology of voicing in Japanese: theoretical consequences for morphological accessibility. Linguistic Inquiry 17.1. 49-73. 1985 Ito, Junko. Consonant Loss in Danish and Phonological Theory, Descriptive and Applied Linguistics 18, 109-120.

1984 Ito, Junko. Melodic Dissimilation in Ainu, Linguistic Inquiry 15.3, 505-513.

Other websites 
Video: Junko Ito, Armin Mester (UC Santa Cruz), 2013: Supersized Units: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duYc4W4Lhp4

Related pages 
List of women linguists

References 

University of California faculty
Linguists
Living people
A hyperaccumulator is a plant that can grow in soils with very high concentrations of metals.

Featured by the BBC is a tree on the island of New Caledonia, Pycnandra acuminata, which grows on soil rich in nickel. Many different plants do this in several different plant families.

The advantage of hyperaccumulation of metals may be that the toxic levels of heavy metals in leaves deter herbivores (defence against herbivory).

Several gene families are involved in hyperaccumulation including absorbing and storing heavy metals. The genes most usually involved are the ZIP gene family. These genes code for membrane receptors for the transport of, for example, zinc molecules.
These hyperaccumulation genes (HA genes) are found in over 450 plant species, including the model organisms Arabidopsis and the Brassicaceae.  Expression of HA genes allows the plant to uptake and sequester metals such as As, Co, Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, Se, Mn, Zn, Mo and Ni in 100–1000 times the concentration found in sister species or populations.

References

Related pages 
Plant physiology

Plant physiology
In computer programming, a subroutine is a code that is comprised of more codes — just like everything in programming — its purpose is the same: execute an instruction/command. Because subroutines are shorter, they can be typed faster and therefore be used more by programmers, hence saving time by being able to code faster.

Subroutines are commonly paired with parameter, a type of variable.

Computer programming
The S.D.P-Liberal Alliance was an alliance between the Social Democratic Party (S.D.P) and the Liberal Party. The two British political parties promised to help each other in order to try to win the 1983 and 1987 UK general elections. The alliance won around a quarter of the vote each time. In 1988, the two parties decided to join together to form the Liberal Democrats.

Former political parties in the United Kingdom
Liberal Democrats (UK)
Liberal Party (UK)
Social Democratic Party (UK)
1981 establishments in the United Kingdom
1988 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
The Presbyterian Church in Ireland is the largest Presbyterian church in Ireland and the biggest Protestant denomination in Northern Ireland. It has over 225,000 members, represented by over 500 congregations.

References 

Presbyterianism

Organizations based in Ireland
Fear: Trump in the White House is a book by American Watergate journalist Bob Woodward. The book explains the operations in the Trump White House and quotes important members of the administration including John F. Kelly as "hiding key information from the president in order that he doesn't make impulsive decisions". It also says United States Secretary of Defense James Mattis called the president a "fifth or fourth grader". 

On the 5th of September 2018, President Donald Trump called the book "a con on the public" and said that it had untrue information. White House Chief of Staff also released a statement saying "he is committed to the president".

Reactions
When the book was leaked by the Washington Post, White House Chief of staff John F. Kelly released a statement saying he "never called the president an idiot".

References 

2018 books
Political books
Donald Trump
A student council is an organization made by students.

Tasks

Head of student council 
The heads of the student council are mostly two pupils who are contact persons for the principal, teachers, students and parents. They represent the interests of all pupils and are in contact with the principal (monthly conversations). Also, they tell teachers about the students’ requests and complaints and try to solve problems. The head of the student council is automatically a member of the student council and convenes their meetings. They are also the leader of these meetings. The head of the student council is responsible for the spreading of information and they have to put the decisions of the student council into practice. But they can also put their own ideas, which they have suggested in their election program, into reality.

Student council 
They student council has to show an interest in the opinions and the suggestions pupils have for the improvement of the school.
This means that the student representatives work for the interests of the students and bring them to the school management. Specifically, the student representatives have a right to be heard by the school management if the pupils have any concerns. These concerns may include suggestions for improvement in classroom teaching, conflicts with the teaching staff or organizational issues, or any other concerns. The student representatives should take care that not every issue has to be reported directly to the school management. Many problems can also be solved by talking directly to the participants.

Another important task of the student representation is to form working groups and to take over the planning of school projects. For example, if student representatives decide to collect money for an improvement at school, they may set up a committee to organize a sponsorship run or a charity concert.
Elections 
Every student council has a head with mostly two pupils. Every year pupils can volunteer to stand for election. They have to present their election program. In the election program the candidates present their goals for the school year to the other pupils. All pupils take part in the election and elect the new head of the student council.

The other part of the student council are the class speakers. They are elected by their class mates. All class speakers are automatically in the student council.

Student councils in different countries
Germany:

In German schools the student council represents the students and their ideas and wishes.

They plan school events and their election is a must.

Norway:                        

All schools in Norway have to have a student council by law.
The purpose of the student council is to improve their school by encouraging social and cultural events and also events outside of school. The student councils are governed by a management which is either elected directly or by the student council.

Ireland:

Since 1998 in Ireland there has been constant evolution of student councils in primary schools. Schools and staff assist the creation of the student council.

Finland:

Secondary high schools and vocational schools in Finland have student councils. They include all the students of the institution, but their status is not very important. The act demands that they should be heard in all matters connected to the education in the institution, but this is often not done.

Spain:

Most Spanish universities have student councils which are regulated by law, however schools don’t have any. Some of the basic points are the 24% of student representation in the board. The council is elected by universal assent of the students.

United Kingdom:
United Kingdom:

In Wales a student council, often called different names, is required in every kind of school. The Council has to meet regularly. The head of the students is elected by the students.

References

Educational organizations
Christopher Stuckmann (born April 15, 1988) is an American movie critic, movie director, producer, author, and YouTube star. As of September 2018, he has more than 1.3 million subscribers, and over 360 million total video views. In 2017, he directed, produced, edited, and wrote the short comedic horror movie Auditorium 6 which earned him multiple awards.

Filmography

Bibliography 

 The Film Buff's Bucket List: The 50 Movies of the 2000s to See Before You Die (2016)
 Anime Impact: The Movies and Shows that Changed the World of Japanese Animation (2018)

Accolades

References

Other websites 

 Chris Stuckmann at IMDb
 Chris Stuckmann at Rotten Tomatoes

1988 births
Living people
Movie directors from Ohio
American movie critics
American YouTubers
Damoh District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.

Districts of Madhya Pradesh
Phi Tai Hong () is a ghost of Thai folklore. It is the vengeful and restless spirit of a person who suffered a violent or cruel death.

Legendary creatures
Afterlife
Thai culture
The Rhetorical Triangle represents the three rhetorical appeals created by Aristotle. The Greek terms pathos, logos, and ethos compose the triangle. Pathos means appealing to emotions; ethos means appealing to ethics; logos means logic. The balance of these terms creates a powerful way to convey a message in any communication style.

Examples of each Greek term
Ethos: "9 out of 10 professors at The University of New Hampshire recommend that students read this book for success in their college career." 
This is ethos because it refers to reputable sources.

Pathos: "If you do not donate to this charity, patients could go without necessary care to treat their illnesses." 
This is pathos because it appeals to emotions of readers. 

Logos: "75 percent of customers see results within the first two months of using this product." 
This is an example of logos because it offers statistics to support a claim.

Rhetoric
Business writing is a form of professional communication that typically consists of memorandums, emails, letters, and other documents. Usually found within a work environment, business writing helps employees communicate efficiently. Business writing is also used for communication with outside sources such as other companies or customers. The goal of business writing is to clearly define to your audience what you are trying to portray.

Based on what kind of audience you are writing to, (boss, coworkers, customers, other companies) certain formats will be expected. Your audience also dictates the content of the document and its tone. In most cases, a professional tone is expected although in some instances, such as with coworkers a more casual tone can be used.

References

Writing
Writing
Kennedy is a town in Alabama in the United States.

Towns in Alabama
Jackson's Gap is a town in Tallapoosa County, Alabama which is in the United States.

Towns in Alabama
New Site is a town of Alabama in the United States.

Towns in Alabama
Killen is a town of Alabama in the United States.

Towns in Alabama
Kinston is a town of Alabama in the United States.

Towns in Alabama
Langston is a town of Jackson County in the state of Alabama, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 265.

References

Towns in Alabama
Villedieu is the name of several communes in France:
 Villedieu, Cantal, in the Cantal department
 Villedieu, Côte-d'Or, in the  Côte-d'Or department
 Villedieu, Vaucluse, in the Vaucluse department
 Villedieu-la-Blouère, in the Maine-et-Loire department
 Villedieu-le-Château, in the Loir-et-Cher department
 Villedieu-lès-Bailleul, in the Orne department
 Villedieu-les-Poêles, in the Manche department
 Villedieu-sur-Indre, in the Indre department
 Les Villedieu, in the Doubs department

Villedieu may also refer to:
 Marie-Catherine de Villedieu, a 17th-century French author.
Parfondeval is the name of two communes in France:
 Parfondeval, Aisne
 Parfondeval, Orne
Morcourt is the name of two communes in France:
 Morcourt, Aisne
 Morcourt, Somme
Orgeval is the name of two communes in France:
 Orgeval, Aisne
 Orgeval, Yvelines
Fouke is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America.

Cities in Arkansas
Settlements in Miller County, Arkansas
Dix is a village of Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Hudson is a village of Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Westwood is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Winfield is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
Stockport is a city in Iowa in the United States. The population was 296 at the 2010 census.

Cities in Iowa
Natural Bridge is a town of Winston County in the state of Alabama, in the United States. It is near the intersection of U.S. Highway 278, Alabama Highway 13, and Alabama State Route 5.

Towns in Alabama
Strawberry Point is a city in Iowa in the United States.

Cities in Iowa
The Lion King is a 2019 American musical adventure comedy-drama movie written by Jeff Nathanson, and directed and produced by Jon Favreau. It is a remake of the 1994 animated movie of the same name and was produced by Walt Disney Pictures. 

The movie stars the voices of Donald Glover, Beyoncé, James Earl Jones, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Billy Eichner, Seth Rogen, John Kani, John Oliver, Eric Andre, Florence Kasumba, Amy Sedaris and Alfre Woodard with Keegan-Michael Key.

Hans Zimmer composed the movie score. There is an original song by Elton John.

Much of the main cast signed on in early-2017. Filming of the movie began that summer at a movie studio in Los Angeles. The movie was released on July 19, 2019, the 25th anniversary of the animated classic.

References

Other websites
Other websites
 

2019 comedy-drama movies
Disney movie remakes
2010s American adventure movies
2010s American musical movies
Movies about lions
Movies about dictators
Movies based on plays by William Shakespeare
Movies composed by Hans Zimmer
Movies composed by John Powell
Movies set in Africa
Movies directed by Jon Favreau
The Lion King
Christopher Kennedy "Chris" Lawford (March 29, 1955 – September 4, 2018) was an American writer, actor, producer and political activist. He was a member of the 
Kennedy family. He was the son of actor Peter Lawford and Patricia Kennedy Lawford. Lawford was born in Santa Monica, California.

Lawford was known for his roles in Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines, Thirteen Days, and General Hospital.

Lawford died of a heart attack on the night of September 4, 2018 in Los Angeles at the age of 63.

References

Other websites
 

1955 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American movie actors
American television actors
American political activists
Kennedy family
Actors from Santa Monica, California
Writers from California
Movie producers from California
Ayanna Soyini Pressley (born February 3, 1974) is an American politician. She is the member of the United States House of Representatives for Massachusetts's 7th congressional district since January 3, 2019. She defeated incumbent Mike Capuano in the primary election and running unopposed in the November 2018 general election.

She was an at-large member of the Boston City Council in Boston, Massachusetts. She was the first non-White person elected to the council.

Pressley was the 2018 Democratic nominee for Massachusetts's 7th congressional district, after beating incumbent Michael Capuano.

Pressley is member of "The Squad" along with Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Ilhan Omar and Rashida Tlaib. In 2020, Pressley endorsed Elizabeth Warren for president.

References

Other websites
 

1974 births
Living people
United States representatives from Massachusetts
Politicians from Chicago
Politicians from Boston
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
Michael Everett Capuano (; born January 9, 1952) is an American politician. He served as the U.S. Representative for  until 2019. He is a Democrat.

Before being elected to Congress, he was as an Alderman and Mayor of Somerville, Massachusetts.

In 1998 Capuano won a crowded Democratic primary to replace Joseph Kennedy II in Congress and was re-elected nine times until 2018. In Congress he was a strong liberal and member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus. 

Capuano ran in the 2010 special election to fill the seat in the United States Senate made vacant by the death of Ted Kennedy, but lost the primary to Martha Coakley.  

In 2018, he was defeated by Ayanna Pressley in a House Democratic primary in an "upset result".

References

1952 births
Living people
American mayors
United States representatives from Massachusetts
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Lydia Marie Clarke (April 14, 1923 – September 3, 2018) was an American actress and photographer. In 1944, she married Academy Award-winning actor Charlton Heston. They had two children and would remain married until Heston's death in 2008. She starred in The Atomic City, Bad for Each Other, and in Will Penny.

She was born in Two Rivers, Wisconsin and died at the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles on September 3, 2018, aged 95.

References

Other websites

1923 births
2018 deaths
American movie actors
American photographers
Actors from Wisconsin
Two Rivers is a city in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 11,712 at the 2010 census. It is known for having the first ice cream sundae created and sold. It is located along Lake Michigan.

References

Cities in Wisconsin
Alvin Brian "Ab" McDonald (February 18, 1936 – September 4, 2018) was a Canadian ice hockey forward. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He played for the Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Black Hawks, Detroit Red Wings, Boston Bruins, Pittsburgh Penguins and St. Louis Blues.

McDonald died from cancer on September 4, 2018 in Winnipeg at the age of 82.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2018 deaths
American Hockey League players
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey forwards
Cancer deaths in Canada
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Montreal Canadiens players
Pittsburgh Hornets players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Providence Reds players
Rochester Americans players
St. Louis Blues players
Sportspeople from Winnipeg
World Hockey Association players
Bridge of Spies is a 2015 historical drama movie directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg. It was written by Matt Charman, Ethan and Joel Coen. It stars Tom Hanks, Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda. 

It is set during the Cold War about the story of lawyer James B. Donovan who is trying to release Francis Gary Powers—a U.S. Air Force pilot whose U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960—in exchange for Rudolf Abel, a convicted Soviet KGB spy.

The movie was released by Touchstone Pictures on October 16, 2015, in the United States and distributed by 20th Century Fox in other countries. It was a box office success, grossing $165 million worldwide. 

The movie received six Academy Award nominations including Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay, and won Best Supporting Actor for Rylance.

References
References

2015 drama movies
American spy movies
2010s spy movies
Movies set in the 1960s
Movies set in Berlin
Movies set in Russia
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in Washington, D.C.
Movies set in Pakistan
American drama movies
Cold War movies
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
The BFG (titled onscreen as Roald Dahl's The BFG) is a 2016 American fantasy adventure movie directed and produced by Steven Spielberg, written by Melissa Mathison and based on Roald Dahl’s 1982 novel of the same name. 

The movie stars Mark Rylance, Ruby Barnhill, Penelope Wilton, Jemaine Clement, Rebecca Hall, Rafe Spall, and Bill Hader.

This is Spielberg's first movie for Walt Disney Pictures.

The movie was released in the United States in Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D, and IMAX 3D on July 1, 2016.

The movie received positive reviews, but only made $183 million against its $140 million budget making it a box-office bomb.

References

2016 fantasy movies
2016 adventure movies
2010s American fantasy movies
2010s American adventure movies
2010s Indian movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
Movies composed by John Williams
Disney movies
Movies about giants
Movies about dreams
The Post is a 2017 American historical-drama-political thriller movie directed and produ 

ced by Steven Spielberg and written by Liz Hannah and Josh Singer. 

It stars Meryl Streep as Katharine Graham, the first female publisher of a major American newspaper, and Tom Hanks as Ben Bradlee, the executive editor of The Washington Post, with Sarah Paulson, Bob Odenkirk, Tracy Letts, Bradley Whitford, David Cross, Bruce Greenwood, Carrie Coon, and Matthew Rhys.

It was released for a short time on December 22, 2017 until releasing worldwide on January 12, 2018. It made $178 million worldwide. It got good reviews from the critics with an 88% on Rotten Tomatoes.

Many critics called the movie as one of the best movies of 2017. It was nominated for Best Picture and Best Actress (for Streep) at the 90th Academy Awards.
The film is set in 1971, The Post is about the true story of attempts by journalists at The Washington Post to publish the Pentagon Papers, classified documents about the 30-year involvement of the United States government in the Vietnam War. It begins with Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara telling the public he supports the war effort but privately telling Ellsberg and Macomber that the war is lost. Years later, Ellsberg secretly makes copies of many classified documents about the Vietnam War. He brings them to Neil Sheehan of the New York Times. Katharine Graham leads the Washington Post and faces a dominant male industry. The Post eventually acquires the same material and begins assembling thousands of documents. Tension arises over whether to publish because the Post could face charges in court. Bradlee and Graham learn former Presidents and friends deceived them. Nevertheless, Graham decides to publish the reports. The Post and The Times appear in court and win. The New York Times Co. v
. v. United States decision allows the media to print the classified documents. The film ends showing the Watergate burglary.
Meryl Streep as Katharine Graham
 Tom Hanks as Ben Bradlee
 Sarah Paulson as Antoinette "Tony" Pinchot Bradlee
 Bob Odenkirk as Ben Bagdikian
 Tracy Letts as Fritz Beebe
 Bradley Whitford as Arthur Parsons
 Bruce Greenwood as Robert McNamara
 Matthew Rhys as Daniel Ellsberg
 Alison Brie as Lally Graham
 Carrie Coon as Meg Greenfield
 Jesse Plemons as Roger Clark
 David Cross as Howard Simons
 Zach Woods as Anthony Essaye
 Michael Stuhlbarg as A. M. Rosenthal
 David Costabile as Art Buchwald
 Pat Healy as Philip L. Geyelin
 John Rue as Gene Patterson
 Rick Holmes as Murrey Marder
 Philip Casnoff as Chalmers Roberts
 Jessie Mueller as Judith Martin
 Stark Sands as Donald E. Graham
 Michael Cyril Creighton as Jake
 Brent Langdon as Paul Ignatius
 Gary Wilmes as Punch Sulzberger
 Christopher Innvar as James L. Greenfield
 James Riordan as Vice Admiral Joseph Francis Blouin
 Kelly AuCoin as Assistant Attorney General Kevin Maroney
 Tom Bair as William Rehnquist (voice)
 Cotter Smith as William Macomber
Jennifer Dundas as Liz Hylton
 Justin Swain as Neil Sheehan
 Will Denton as Michael (The Runner)
Release dates

References

2017 drama movies
2017 thriller movies
2010s historical movies
2010s drama thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
Movies set in the 1970s
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
Movies composed by John Williams
Tracy S. Letts (born July 4, 1965) is an American playwright, screenwriter, and actor. He won the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his play August: Osage County and a Tony Award for his role as George in the revival of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?.

He is also known for his role of Andrew Lockhart in seasons 3 and 4 of Showtime's Homeland.

References

Pulitzer Prize winners
Tony Award winning actors
1965 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American playwrights
American screenwriters
Writers from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Actors from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Ready Player One is a 2018 American science fiction adventure movie produced and directed by Steve Box, Steven Spielberg, and written by Zak Penn and Ernest Cline. It is based on Cline's 2011 novel of the same name. 

The movie stars Tye Sheridan, Olivia Cooke, Ben Mendelsohn, Lena Waithe, T.J. Miller, Simon Pegg, and Mark Rylance. The movie takes place in 2045 where the rest of humanity uses the virtual reality software OASIS to escape the darkness of the real world. 

It was theatrically released by Warner Bros. Pictures in the United States on March 29, 2018, in 2D, Real D 3D, IMAX and IMAX 3D. It made $582 million worldwide. The movie received generally positive reviews.

References

2018 science fiction movies
2018 adventure movies
American science fiction movies
American adventure movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
Movies composed by John Williams
Screenplays by Zak Penn
Warner Bros. movies
Drone movies
Dystopian movies
Incredibles 2 is a 2018 American computer-animated movie produced by Pixar. It was directed by Brad Bird. It is the sequel to The Incredibles (2004) and second installment of the franchise.

Release
Incredibles 2 was released by Walt Disney Pictures. It was released in the United States on June 15, 2018, in Disney Digital 3-D, Dolby Cinema and IMAX.

Reputation
It received strong positive reviews. The movie made $182.7 million in its opening weekend, setting the record for best debut for an animated movie and has made over $1.1 billion worldwide, making it the second highest-grossing animated movie (behind Frozen).

Voice cast 
Holly Hunter, Sarah Vowell and Samuel L. Jackson return in the movie; other stars include Huckleberry Milner (replacing Spencer Fox), Bob Odenkirk, Catherine Keener and Jonathan Banks (replacing Bud Luckey).