Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Mykola Vasylovych Gogol (Russian:; IPA: ; Ukrainian: ) (April 1, 1809 – March 4, 1852) was a Russian and Ukrainian playwright, writer of novel and short story. He came from  Ukraine. His early works were heavily influenced by his Ukrainian heritage and upbringing. He wrote in Russian. His works belong to the tradition of Russian literature. The novel Dead Souls (1842), the play Revizor (1836, 1842), and the short story The Overcoat (1842) count among his masterpieces.

Biography 
Mykola Gogol was born in Poltava governorate.

Related pages
List of Russian-language novelists

References

Other websites 

 
 Full collection of Nikolai Gogol works

1809 births
1852 deaths

Ukrainian writers
Russian writers
The President of the Dominican Republic is both the head of state and head of government of the Dominican Republic. This page contains a list (modified from Moya Pons) of presidents of the Dominican Republic.

First Republic, 1844–1861 
 Pedro Santana: 13 November 1844 – 4 August 1848
 Council of Secretaries of State: 4 August – 8 September 1848
 Manuel Jimenes: 8 September 1848 – 29 May 1849
 Pedro Santana: 30 May – 23 September 1849
 Buenaventura Báez: 24 September 1849 – 15 February 1853
 Pedro Santana: 15 February 1853 – 26 May 1856
 Manuel de Regla Mota: 26 May – 8 October 1856
 Buenaventura Báez: 8 October 1856 – 13 June 1858
 José Desiderio Valverde: 13 June – 28 July 1858
 Pedro Santana: 28 July 1858 – 18 March 1861

Annexation to Spain (Governors), 1861–1865 
 Pedro Santana: 18 March 1861 – 20 July 1862
 Felipe Ribero y Lemoine: 20 July 1862 – 22 October 1863
 Carlos de Vargas y Cerveto: 22 October 1863 – 30 March 1864
 José de la Gándara y Navarro: 31 March 1864 – 11 July 1865
Restauration War, 1863–1865 
 José Antonio Salcedo: 14 September 1863 – 10 October 1864
 Gaspar Polanco: 10 October 1864 – 23 January 1865
 Benigno Filomeno de Rojas: 24 January – 24 March 1865
Second Republic, 1865–1916 
 Pedro Antonio Pimentel: 25 March – 4 August 1865
 José María Cabral: 4 August – 15 November 1865
 Pedro Guillermo: 15 November – 8 December 1865
 Buenaventura Báez: 8 December 1865 – 29 May 1866
 Triumvirate: 29 May – 22 August 1866
 José María Cabral: 22 August 1866 – 31 January 1868
 Manuel Altagracia Cáceres: 31 January – 13 February 1868
 Council of Generals: 13 February – 2 May 1868
 Buenaventura Báez: 2 May 1868 – 2 January 1874
 Ignacio María González: 2 January – 22 January 1874
 Generals-in-Charge:: 22 January – 6 April 1874
 Ignacio María González: 6 April 1874 – 23 February 1876
 Council of Secretaries of State: 23 February – 29 April 1876
 Ulises Francisco Espaillat: 29 April – 5 October 1876
 Governing Council: 5 October – 11 November 1876
 Ignacio María González: 11 November – 9 December 1876
 Marcos Antonio Cabral: 10 – 26 December 1876
 Buenaventura Báez: 26 December 1876 – 2 March 1878
 Cesáreo Guillermo: 5 March – 6 July 1878
Ignacio María González: 6 July – 2 September 1878
 Jacinto de Castro: 7 – 29 September 1878
 Council of Secretaries of State: 30 September 1878 – 27 February 1879
 Cesáreo Guillermo: 27 February – 6 December 1879
 Gregorio Luperón: 6 December 1879 – 1 September 1880
 Fernando Arturo de Meriño: 1 September 1880 – 1 September 1882
 Ulises Heureaux: 1 September 1882 – 1 September 1884
 Francisco Gregorio Billini: 1 September 1884 – 16 May 1885
 Alejandro Woss y Gil: 16 May 1885 – 6 January 1887
 Ulises Heureaux: 6 January 1887 – 26 July 1899
 Wenceslao Figuereo: 26 July – 30 August 1899
 Horacio Vásquez: 4 September – 15 November 1899
 Juan Isidro Jimenes: 15 November 1899 – 2 May 1902
 Horacio Vásquez: 26 April 1902 – 23 April 1903
 Alejandro Woss y Gil: 23 April – 24 November 1903
 Carlos F. Morales Languasco: 24 October 1903 – 12 January 1906
 Ramón Cáceres: 12 January 1906 – 19 November 1911
 Eladio Victoria: 5 December 1911 – 30 November 1912
 Adolfo Alejandro Nouel: 1 December 1912 – 13 April 1913
José Bordas Valdés: 14 April 1913 – 27 August 1914
 Ramón Báez: 28 August – 5 December 1914
 Juan Isidro Jimenes: 5 December 1914 – 7 May 1916
 Council of Secretaries of State: 7 May – 31 July 1916
 Francisco Henríquez y Carvajal: 31 July – 29 November 1916
U.S. occupation (Military Governors), 1916–1922 
 Harry Shepard Knapp: 29 November 1916 – 18 November 1918
 Ben Hebard Fuller: 18 November 1918 – 25 February 1919
 Thomas Snowden: 25 February 1919 – 3 June 1921
 Samuel Robison: 3 June 1921 – 21 October 1922

Third Republic, 1922–1965

Fourth Republic, 1966-present

References 

presidents

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Remus J. Lupin is a character in the Harry Potter book series written by J. K. Rowling. In the Harry Potter movies, he is played by actor David Thewlis.
Remus John Lupin was an only son of Lyall and Hope Lupin (née Howell). At the age of 4, he was bitten by the foul werewolf Fenrir Greyback when his father-Lyall Lupin- insulted all werewolves. Fenrir tried to kill him but Remus got saved by his father. However he became a fully fledged werewolf. His parents were both upset by this, because it meant he could not go to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. However, when Albus Dumbledore became headmaster, he let Lupin go to Hogwarts. He had a tunnel built so that Lupin could sneak out of the school during the times when he became a werewolf. This tunnel had the Whomping Willow (a violent tree that attacks those who get near it) built over it, so nobody could get to him by mistake. The tunnel led to the Shrieking Shack, a building in the wizarding village of Hogsmeade, said to be the most haunted of them all. When Lupin was in the Shrieking Shack as a werewolf, he had no humans to bite, so he often bit himself
. These bites led to cries of pain that led the villagers to believe that the building was haunted.
During his time at Hogwarts, he became good friends with three other boys his age: James Potter, Sirius Black, and Peter Pettigrew. These four came to be known as the Marauders, infamous for their mischievous antics. They knew Hogwarts and the grounds like the back of their hands, and actually created a magical map that showed the location of everyone on the grounds and in the castle. The map also revealed the many secret passages hidden in the school. His friends knew of his lycanthropy, but did not seem to mind. They simply referred to it as his "furry little problem". Later on, they even became Animagi (a person that can turn into an animal) so that they could accompany him on the full moon and make his transformations more fun.

On the 31st of October, 1981, Remus lost all of his friends at once, through betrayal, jail and death. 

He was a wizard during Voldemort's first and second rises to power. He was member of the First and Second Order of the Phoenix
Remus was having trouble getting a job as there was an anti-werewolf litigation so he had no money and therefore could not buy wolfsbane potion (a potion created by Damocles Belby which lets a werewolf keep his mind during a full moon), so he locked himself up in rooms every full moon so that he didn't hurt anyone. Albus Dumbledore knew of his struggles and found Remus living in a semi-derelict cottage in Yorkshire. Dumbledore offered Remus a job for the Defence Against The Dark Arts post at Hogwarts and Lupin immediately accepted. He resigned at the end of the year when Severus Snape let it slip to students that he was a werewolf.

He was killed along with his wife Nymphadora Tonks in the Final Battle for Hogwarts. Their son, Edward Remus Lupin survived, who was left in the care of Tonks' mother, Andromeda Tonks, and his godfather, Harry Potter. 

Harry Potter characters
An anagram is a puzzle where the player has to move all the letters in a word to make a new word.  An example would be The Morse Code and Here Comes Dots. Anagrams are often used in fiction when a character wants to use a different name. For example, the Harry Potter character named Tom Marvolo Riddle made an anagram based on his name, "I Am Lord Voldemort", and began calling himself "Lord Voldermort". And the pen name of Voltaire comes from "Aroueti". The word 'nag a ram' is actually an anagram of the word anagram. Common anagram examples are "dormitory"-rearrange to dirty room, "listen"-rearrange to silent, "astronomer"-rearrange to moon starer, and "a decimal point"-rearrange to I'm a dot in place.

Related pages 
Palindrome

Words
A werewolf is a species of legendary creature that can hide its ears and tail. It is a human but also a wolf, and most people fear them because of how they look. There are characteristics that make werewolves special, and that allow a person to tell them apart from real wolves, such as the eyes,  shape, and tail. When in human form, werewolves look and act like any normal human being, although they usually appear to be ill around nights when there is a full moon. When in wolf form, the werewolf does keep the mind of human but will only attack those who anger it or take a member of its pack. Depending on the fiction or legend, a werewolf can be killed by a silver bullet. However, a werewolf cannot be killed by crosses or holy water, like vampires in similar legends. When a werewolf dies, it turns back into a human.

The name is derived from "wer" meaning man and "wulf" meaning wolf. They are sometimes referred to as 'Lycans'.
Some of the earliest myths of werewolves are those of Greek and Romania roots. Ovid in the Metamorphoses, told of King Lycaeon, who was visited by gods. Skeptical of them being true gods he decided to test them by serving human flesh in their banquet of honor. Cannibalism is frowned upon in many parts of the world, past or present (especially in that particular area). When the gods discovered the tainted meal they changed King Lycaeon into a Werewolf. Since he obviously liked human flesh, the wolven form would be more acceptable for when he took part in his little "activity."The word Lycanthropy originates from Greek roots (Lykoi meaning wolf and anthropos meaning man)

Becoming a werewolf
Several ways for becoming a werewolf have been told about. Most are dangerous and scary for anyone to do.  In other cases, the body is rubbed with a magic ointment. Drinking rainwater out of the footprint of the animal was reported to work.
In Italy, France and Germany, it was said that a man or woman could turn into a werewolf if he or she, on a certain Wednesday or Friday, slept outside on a summer night with the full moon shining directly on his or her face.

It is said that humans can be turned into werewolves by having been bitten by another werewolf. Getting scratched is a questionable way of becoming a werewolf, but most don't believe in it. However, both of these only work if the werewolf in question is in wolf form.

However, as depicted from the Harry Potter series lycanthropy is rarely inherited from parent to child. For example, Nymphadora Tonks and Remus Lupin, Remus being the werewolf and Tonks a half blood, had a child named Teddy Lupin who inherited no signs of lycranthropy but he did inherit his mother's 
Metamorphmagi.  (she was a Metamorphmagus)

References

European mythology
Legendary creatures
Asian mythology
The Paneuropean Picnic (also spelled Pan-European Picnic) was an event that took place on the border between Austria and Hungary near Sopron, Hungary. The event took place on August 19, 1989.

The event 
The event was planned to be a peaceful demonstration. Both countries agreed to open a gate in the border fence, between Sankt Margarethen im Burgenland (near Eisenstadt), and Sopronkőhida (Steinambrückl) on the Hungarian side of the border.

The leaders of the time were Otto von Habsburg and the Hungarian minister, Imre Pozsgay. The person who did the actual cutting of the border fence was the general secretary of the International Paneuropean Union, Walburga Habsburg Douglas. The gate was to be symbolically opened for three hours.
More than 600 citizens of the German Democratic Republic took the chance to cross into the west once the Iron Curtain was opened. They had been told about the event by its organizers. At that time, the Hungarian border police still had orders to shoot anyone trying to cross the border illegally. However, they acted carefully and did not shoot at the fleeing people, this time.

The number of people who actually crossed the border to enter the west was only a few hundred on that first day. On the following days, the border was watched more closely, due to orders by the Hungarian government. Therefore, a smaller number of people managed to flee then. Hungary opened its borders to citizens of East Germany on 11 September 1989.
Remembering the event 
Today, the Paneuropean Picnic is seen as one of the important events that led to the end of the German Democratic Republic and the Cold War, the fall of the Iron Curtain, and the unification of the two German states. 
The event is celebrated every year on 19 August on the spot where the border was opened.

Today, artwork made by Hungarian artists is at the place where the fence was cut. It shows a partly opened door.

In 1996, a 10 meter statue was built in Fertőrákos near Sopron. It was made by Gabriela von Habsburg. It shows a piece of barbed wire. From far away, it looks like a cross.

Other websites 
Central Europe Review  - Hungary remembers the picnic that tore down the Iron Curtain.
 Paneuropean Picnic, the end of the division of Europe - Shows the event on the website of the Paneuropean Union. Also has images of the invitation fliers.
 An account of the situation, as seen from the border-town St. Margarethen

1989 in Europe
20th century in Austria
20th century in Hungary
The San Diego Wild Animal Park is a zoo in the San Pasqual Valley area of San Diego, California. Different kinds of wild animals including species from the continents of Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America, and Australia are kept in the Park.

The park is 1800 acres (7 km2) and is visited by two million people each year.

Buildings and structures in San Diego, California
Zoos in the United States
1972 establishments in California
Tulip (Tulipa) is a potflower plant. There is many cultivars and species of tulips. Cultivars are used as ornamental plants.

It grows in southern Europe, north Africa, and Asia from Anatolia and Iran in the east to northeast of China and Japan, Indo Asia. It is the national flower of Afghanistan.

The Tulip is most associated with Holland.

Other websites 
 wikispecies
 Canadian National Capital Commission: The Gift of Tulips 
 Greig's tulip (tulipa greigii) in its original habitat in Kazakhstan 
 elegant-tulip-bulbs.com: Information about 3700 tulip names 
 Tulip photos 
 Tulip species 

Liliaceae
Flowers
Penicillium is a group, or a genus, of ascomycetous fungi commonly isolated from environments like soil, vegetation, and many food products. It is known to have ecological importance as a decomposer of organic material and cause rotting in food crops by mycotoxin production. Other members of this group are known to produce penicillin’s, a molecule of commonly used antibiotics. Antibiotics kills or stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria inside the body to reduce or stop infection of harmful bacteria. This genus of 354 species is widely impactful with many applications affecting every modern human today e.g., food and drug production.

Characteristics 
The mycelium is a highly branched network of multinucleate, usually colourless hyphae. The conidiospores are the main dispersal route of the fungi, and are often green in colour.

Sexual reproduction involves the production of ascospores. The asci contain eight unicellular ascospores each.
Ecology 
Species of Penicillium are ubiquitous soil fungi preferring cool and moderate climates, commonly present wherever organic material is available. Saprophytic species of Penicillium and Aspergillus are among the best-known representatives of the Eurotiales. They live mainly on organic biodegradable substances. Commonly known as moulds, they are among the main causes of food spoilage. Many species produce toxins which work against bacteria and other fungi. The ability of these Penicillium species to grow on seeds and other stored foods depends on their ability to thrive in low humidity and to colonize rapidly by aerial dispersion while the seeds are sufficiently moist. Some species have a blue colour, commonly growing on old bread and giving it a blue fuzzy texture.

Select species
Select species 

Penicillium is a genus of fungi that includes:
 Penicillium chrysogenum (previously known as Penicillium notatum), which produces the antibiotic penicillin.
 Penicillium marneffei, a thermally dimorphic species endemic in Southeast Asia, which presents a threat of systemic infection to AIDS patients.
 Penicillium camemberti, which is used in the production of Camembert and Brie cheeses.
 Penicillium candida, which is used in making Brie and Camembert.
 Penicillium glaucum, which is used in making Gorgonzola cheese.
 Penicillium roqueforti, which is used in making Roquefort, Danish Blue cheese and also recently Gorgonzola.

References 

Fungi
Wolverhampton is a city and metropolitan borough in the county of the West Midlands in England. It used to be part of Staffordshire. The 2011 census revealed that 249,470 people live in the city.

It is northwest of Birmingham. It is the second-largest place in the West Midlands county.

Wolverhampton originally grew as a market town. It had a large woollen trade industry. In the Industrial Revolution, it became an important place for coal mining, steel production, lock making, and the making of cars and motorcycles.

The city's motto is "Out of darkness cometh light".

The city's railway station is on the West Coast Main Line and is an important junction of many lines. Passengers can get direct trains to places such as London, Manchester, Birmingham, Shrewsbury, Walsall, Cornwall, Yorkshire, Glasgow, Edinburgh and areas of Wales.
Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C. are the city's football club. They currently play in the Premier League, the top level of football in England. They play their home games at the Molineux Stadium.

The UK's first set of traffic lights were placed in Princes Square in Wolverhampton.

Gallery

985 establishments
Nubia was an ancient African Kingdom. It dates back to around 6000 BC. It was in northeastern Africa. 

They were a valuable culture because of their trading abilities. They were on the coast of the Red Sea. That gave them many ports from which they were able to trade. This culture, though, had many hardships. It declined in power many times, which forced it to break up into smaller kingdoms which flourished on their own. These are commonly referred to as the A-Group, B-Group, and C-Group. Their true decline was around 350 AD, when the kingdom of Axum invaded and broke up the culture once again. This time, the culture never recovered its strength, thus ending of Historic Nubia.

Other websites
"Journey to Ethiopia, Eastern Sudan, and Nigritia", an old book from the 1800s that talks about Nubia

Ancient Egypt
History of Africa
David Michael Bautista (born January 18, 1969), better known as Dave Batista or by the ring name Batista, is an American retired professional wrestler, actor, mixed martial artist, and bodybuilder. As a professional wrestler, Batista is best known for his time in the WWE.

Batista has held the World Heavyweight Championship four times, the World Tag Team Championship 3 times (with Ric Flair (2) and John Cena (1)), the WWE Tag Team Championship once (with Rey Mysterio) and the WWE Championship twice. He also won the Royal Rumble twice, one in 2005, and the other in 2014.

He married his wife Angie on October 13, 1998 and has two daughters and one step daughter from a prior marriage, In 2006, Batista said that he and his wife are separated.

Career 
Batista tried out at the WCW Power Plant but was told he would never make it in the wrestling business by Sgt. Buddy Lee Parker. He then went to the WWF. They sent him to work with Afa Anoa'i. He wrestled in Anoa'i's WXW promotion under the Kahn.
Ohio Valley Wrestling (2000-2002) 
Batista made his Ohio Valley Wrestling debut in 2000. During his time in OVW he was called Leviathan. He went on to win the OVW Heavyweight Championship from 'The Machine' Doug Basham. After losing the belt to The Prototype, Batista left OVW for the WWF.

World Wrestling Entertainment 
He began his WWE career on May 9 2002 as Deacon Bautista, Batista had his first WWE match in a tag match teaming with D-Von against Randy Orton and Faarooq. Batista pinned Orton to win that match. Batista later moved to RAW, and was renamed Dave Batista (or simply Batista). He joined with Ric Flair and fought many times with Kane, whom he beat in his first pay-per-view at Armageddon 2002.
2003-2004 
In January 2003, Batista joined with Triple H, Ric Flair, and Randy Orton to form the group Evolution. Batista did not wrestle for much of 2003 after he tore his right triceps. Batista re-tore his triceps while training. He had more problems when after his second surgery to repair his triceps he got an infection. He needed a third surgery to clean out the infection. He made his return on October 20 interfering in a match between Goldberg and Shawn Michaels.

At Armageddon 2003, Batista took part in two matches. He lost to Shawn Michaels in a singles match but won a Tag team along with Ric Flair to become the World Tag Team Champions. By the end of the PPV, all four members of Evolution held every male championship on RAW.

Batista and Flair held the titles until February 16 2004 when they were defeated by Booker T and Rob Van Dam. They later won the titles back for a short period.

2005
2005 

As 2005 began, Triple H believed that Batista was becoming a threat to his World Heavyweight Championship. Triple H told Batista not enter the Royal Rumble. He said it would be selfish of him to do so, and that he should be helping Triple H keep the title. Dave entered anyway and went on to win the Royal Rumble. This earned him the right to wrestle in the main event of WrestleMania 21 against the World Champion of his choice.
On June 30 2005 Batista was moved back to SmackDown! JBL and Batista wrestled for the championship at the Great American Bash on July 24 2005. JBL defeated Batista by disqualification after the referee saw Batista use a steel chair. They wrestled at SummerSlam on August 21 2005 in a No-Holds-Barred match. Batista pinned JBL to win the championship title.

WWE.com reported that Batista suffered a muscle tear in his back at the taping for the November 11 2005 edition of SmackDown!. Plans had been made for Batista to defend the title in a match with Eddie Guerrero and Randy Orton on November 18 2005. The match did not take place because of the death of Eddie Guerrero on November 13 2005.
2006 
On January 9 2006, WWE.com announced that Batista tore his right triceps following a match with Mark Henry at a live event on January 8, 2006. The following day, WWE.com announced that, due to his injury, Batista was forced to give up the World Heavyweight Championship at the SmackDown! taping on January 10 2006 (aired on January 13 2006). Batista had surgery on his arm on January 12, 2006.

Batista made his return on July 7, 2006. Batista won his first televised match since his return, a six-man tag match with Rey Mysterio and Lashley taking on King Booker, Finlay and Mark Henry. Oddly, Mark Henry was injured, and could not wrestle in the match between the two at The Great American Bash. Batista made several tries to win back the championship title before finally winning it back from Booker T on November 26, 2006.
2007 
Two months later at WrestleMania 23, Batista lost the championship to the winner of the Royal Rumble match, The Undertaker. They continued to fight over the title to a tie in a match at Backlash 2007. After a Steel Cage Match between the two men on May 11, Edge won the title from the Undertaker by using his Money in the Bank title opportunity. Afterwards, Batista challenged Edge three times but never won the championship. The third match included the statement that if Batista lost, he could no longer get another chance at the World Heavyweight Championship while Edge remains champion.
Edge later was injured and gave up the belt just before he was to wrestle Kane at the 2007 Great American Bash pay-per-view. The Great Khali became the new World Heavyweight Champion, winning a Battle Royal and eliminating Batista. Batista and Kane faced Khali at The Great American Bash where Khali retained the title. Batista finally defeated Khali, and Rey Mysterio, Jr., at WWE Unforgiven to claim his third World Heavyweight Championship after eight consecutive tries. Batista is the second man to pin The Great Khali, the first being John Cena.

2010
Batista then became involved in WWE Chairman Vince McMahon and Bret Hart's rivalry in February 2010 by assisting McMahon in attacking Hart; John Cena attempted to save Hart, but would end up being assaulted by Batista. On February 21 at Elimination Chamber, as payment for Batista attacking Hart, McMahon allowed Batista to face Cena for the WWE Championship right after Cena won the title in an Elimination Chamber match. Batista would win the match and his second WWE Championship, which resulted in Batista moving back to Raw. On March 28 at WrestleMania XXVI Batista lost the WWE Championship to John Cena in a rematch, ending his reign at 35 days. Batista received his rematch for the title in a Last Man Standing on April 25 at Extreme Rules, but was defeated by Cena after Cena duct-taped his legs around a ring post, preventing him from standing up. Batista and Cena faced off once again for the WWE Championship on May 23 at Over the Limit, but failed again to regain the title from Cena in an "I Quit" match
. The following night on Raw, Batista opened the show in a wheelchair and claimed he would be pursuing legal action against Cena and the WWE for his injuries (which he revealed in 2014 to be a legitimate compression fracture of his L1 spine). His promo was interrupted by new Raw General Manager Bret Hart, who requested he face an injured Randy Orton to qualify for a shot at WWE Championship against Cena again at the new Fatal 4-Way pay-per-view. Batista refused and quit the company after Hart named Orton winner by forfeit. His profile was subsequently moved to the WWE.com alumni page. He later said in an interview that he left WWE because he did not like the direction the company was going in and would not be returning any time soon.
On the 23 December 2013 episode of Raw, a vignette aired announcing the return of Batista on the 20 January 2014 episode of Raw. It was later announced that Batista would be participating in the 2014 Royal Rumble Match. Batista returned to confront WWE World Heavyweight Champion Randy Orton on the January 20 Raw, and vowed to win Royal Rumble Match and become champion at WrestleMania. Later that night, Batista confronted Alberto Del Rio, who had been trash talking him for several weeks, and eventually attacked him with a Batista Bomb. Six days later at the Royal Rumble, Batista entered the Rumble match at number 28 and eliminated Roman Reigns to win the match, becoming the fifth wrestler to win multiple Rumble matches. The live crowd reacted negatively towards Batista, cheering Reigns (a villainous character for the past year) and Daniel Bryan (who was not in the match). The crowd continued to boo Batista after Reigns was eliminated
. After the show went off the air, Batista mocked Bryan and gestured his middle finger at the crowd. On the February 3 Raw, Batista was confronted and was ultimately assaulted by Del Rio before chasing him off. Batista retaliated the following week, powerbombing Del Rio through the announce table. At the Elimination Chamber event and on the following Raw, he was heavily booed by the fans during matches against Del Rio. Batista won the match at Elimination Chamber, but continued to suffer a torrid fan reaction with 'Boo-tista' chants. Batista responded to the audience on the February 28 SmackDown, saying he didn't come back to be liked and promising to be the next WWE World Heavyweight Champion, thus reverting to being a villain once again and mocking other superstars stating they were not "real men".  Bryan was added to the WrestleMania main event after defeating Triple H in the opening match of the show
. Bryan would ultimately win the triple threat match at WrestleMania XXX, forcing Batista to tap out and winning the WWE World Heavyweight Championship in the process.
The next night on Raw, Batista and Orton teamed together to face The Usos for the WWE Tag Team Championships, but the match ended in a no contest due to both teams being counted out. Later that night, Batista and Orton, along with Kane, attacked Bryan before he was set to defend his title against Triple H. Before Triple H could defeat Bryan, The Shield interrupted by spearing Triple H and taking out Batista, Orton and Kane, causing Bryan to retain his title via disqualification. On the April 14 edition of Raw, Batista, Triple H and Randy Orton came down to the ring to attack The Shield after their 11-on-3 handicap match, using the name and the theme of Evolution. At Extreme Rules, Evolution lost to The Shield. At Payback, Evolution lost to The Shield again. On June 2 edition of Raw, Batista (kayfabe) quit WWE after Triple H denied him a shot at the WWE World Heavyweight Championship; this was done to write Batista off WWE TV so he could promote Guardians of the Galaxy.
Retirement and Legends program (2014-2020) 

In December 2014, Batista announced he was retiring from professional wrestling. In January 2015, WWE announced Batista had signed a Legends contract.

Third Return to WWE (2018) 
On October 16, 2018, Batista again united with the rest of Evolution. This was for an appearance on SmackDown's 1000th episode.

Return and Appearances (2014-present) 

He signed a 5-year contract and was to return at the Royal Rumble 2020 but he got injured and he is to return in 2021. Batista is coming out of retirement.

Championships and accomplishments
Ohio Valley Wrestling
 OVW Heavyweight Championship (1 time) 
 Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 PWI ranked him # 1 of the 500 best singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2005.
 PWI Most Improved Wrestler of the Year award in 2005 
 PWI Wrestler of the Year award in 2005 
 World Wrestling Entertainment
 World Heavyweight Championship (4 times)
 WWE Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Rey Mysterio
 World Tag Team Championship (2 times) - with Ric Flair
 Royal Rumble (2005, 2014)
 WWE Championship (2 times)
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Feud of the Year award in 2005 - vs Triple H
Steroid allegations 
In August 2007, Batista was said to have used anabolic steroid after an ESPN article released the names of wrestlers that bought medication from Signature Pharmacy of Orlando. Batista denied this and was said to be very mad because of the report. He denied ever being a cutomer of Signature, and stated that he has been "tested regularly by the WWE, and I am in full compliance with the WWE Wellness Program." The WWE punished ten wrestlers named in the issue, though Batista was not one of them.

Departure from World Wrestling Entertainment and MMA debut
Batista quit WWE on May 24, 2010. He went to MMA on June 16, 2010. He won a fight against Vince Lucero.
Filmography 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2006
| Relative Strangers
| Cameo role
| Direct-to-video
|-
| 2009
| My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done?
| Police Officer
| Direct-to-video
|-
| 2010
| Wrong Side of Town
| Big Ronnie 'B.R.'
| Direct-to-video
|-
| 2011
| House of the Rising Sun
| Ray
| Direct-to-video
|-
| 2011
| 
| Argomael
| Direct-to-video
|-
| 2012
| 
| Brass Body
|
|-
| 2013
| Riddick
| Diaz
|
|-
| 2014
| Guardians of the Galaxy
| Drax the Destroyer
|
'Television'

References

Other websites 

 WWE Profile
 Official Website 
 Official Myspace Site
 Batista/Leviathan Interview on Genickbruch.com 

1969 births
Living people
Actors from Arlington County, Virginia
Actors from Washington, D.C.
Actors who played Bond villains
American mixed martial artists
American professional wrestlers
Doping cases in sport
Former WWE wrestlers
Sportspeople from Virginia
Risk is a board game which is played with two to six players each with different coloured army men.

The main aim of the game is to complete the mission the player gets in the beginning of the game. These missions can differ from conquering or dominating parts of the world, to kill an other player or to hold a number of regions with a specific amount of units on each region.

How to play

Beginning 
At the start of the game a player shuffles and deals out all of the cards. Each cards has either a country or a territory on it. When each player receives their cards, they put a soldier on their countries or territories. After they do this, they get a number of soldiers, cavalries and cannons to spread around according to which continent they want to conquer first. Then they hand their cards back and they put them all face-down on top of each other. Then the game starts.
Attacking/Defending 
Roll the red dice to attack and the white dice to defend. At the end of each turn, pick a card. With this card look at the country or territory and the soldier, cavalry or cannon. If someone conquers the country or territory on the card it belongs to him. For every country a player owned, they get two extra soldiers.

1 Cannon is equal to:
 10 soldiers
 2 cavalries
 5 soldiers and 1 cavalries

1 Cavalry equals-
 5 soldiers

World countries 
There are many countries and territories involved such as the following, which can change depending on the version:

 North America-
 Alaska
 Alberta
 Ontario
 Western America
 Eastern America
 Quebec
 Central America,
 Greenland
 Northwest America.

 South America
 Brazil
 Venezuela
 Peru
 Argentina

 Australia
 Western Australia
 Eastern Australia
 Indoneasia
 Papua New Guinea

 Europe
 Ukraine
 Skandinavia
 Iceland
 Great Britain
 Northern Europe
 Western Europe
 Southern Europe.
Asia
 Yakutsk
 Siberia
 Kamchatka
 Irkutsk
 Ural
 Japan
 Mongolia
 China
 Middle East
 India
 Siam
 Afganistan

 Africa
 East Africa
 Egypt
 Congo
 Madagascar
 South Africa
 North Africa
Board games
Growth means an increase in some quantity over time. 

The quantity can be physical (e.g., growth in height, growth in an amount of money) or abstract (e.g., a system becoming more complex, an organism becoming more mature). It can also refer to the mode of growth, i.e. numeric models for describing how much a particular quantity grows over time: 

 Cell growth
 Individual growth
 Fungal growth
 Auxology (Human development)
 Human development (biology)
 Growth "spurt" (rapid change in puberty) 
 Human development (psychology)
 Population growth
 Bacterial growth
 Tumours can sometimes be referred to as a growth 
 Growth hormone
 Economic growth 
 For financial growth due to simple interest or compound interest see Interest 
 Personal growth, i.e., Personal development
Mode
 Linear growth
 Logistic growth
 Exponential growth

Basic English 850 words
Cell growth (or interphase) is shorthand for the idea of "growth in cell populations" by means of cell reproduction.

It is the stage which cells are preparing for the next division, biochemical activities and reactions are taking place, however no obvious changes can be seen at this stage. Until cell division, a parent cell divides to form two or more new daughter cells.

Phase 
 First growth phase (G1) - In this phase, new organelles like mitochondria or chloroplasts are made. These organelles help store and provide energy. It also has mechanism to ensure everything is ready for DNA synthesis.
 Synthesis phase (S) - DNA molecules are replicated.
 Second growth phase (G2) - The cell continues to grow until to its maximum size, therefore energy stores can be increased at the same time.
Cell populations
Cell populations go through a type of exponential growth called doubling. Thus, each generation of cells should be twice as numerous as the previous generation. But not all cells survive in each generation, as written by Richard Dawkins in 1997.

Cell reproduction
Cell reproduction is asexual.

The process of cell reproduction has three major parts. The first part of cell reproduction involves the replication of the parental cell's DNA. The second major part is the separation of the duplicated DNA into two equally sized groups of chromosomes. The third major aspect of cell reproduction is the physical division of entire cells, usually called cytokinesis.
Comparison of the three types of cell reproduction
The DNA content of a cell is duplicated at the start of the cell reproduction process. Prior to DNA replication, the DNA content of a cell can be represented as the amount Z (the cell has Z chromosomes). After the DNA replication process, the amount of DNA in the cell is 2Z (multiplication: 2 x Z = 2Z). During Binary fission and mitosis the duplicated DNA content of the reproducing parental cell is separated into two equal halves that are destined to end up in the two daughter cells. The final part of the cell reproduction process is cell division, when  daughter cells physically split apart from a parental cell. During meiosis, there are two cell division steps that together produce the four daughter cells.
Immediately after DNA replication a human cell will have 46 "double chromosomes". In each double chromosome there are two copies of that chromosome's DNA molecule. During mitosis the double chromosomes are split to produce 92 "single chromosomes", half of which go into each daughter cell. During meiosis, there are two chromosome separation steps which assure that each of the four daughter cells gets one copy of each of the 23 types of chromosome.

Sexual reproduction

Cell reproduction that uses mitosis can reproduce eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes bother with the more complicated process of meiosis because sexual reproduction such as meiosis confers a selective advantage.

Related pages
 Cancer
 Developmental biology
 Binary fission
 Mitosis
 Meiosis

References

 Morgan DO. (2007) "The Cell Cycle: Principles of Control" London: New Science Press.
 Climbing Mount Improbable (1997) Richard Dawkins.

Other websites
A comparison of generational and exponential models of cell population growth

Cell biology
DNA replication is the process of copying a double-stranded DNA molecule. Both strands serve as templates for the reproduction of the opposite strand. The process is sometimes called "semi-conservative replication" because the new DNA from the original strand contains half of the original and half of the newly synthesized DNA.

This process occurs in all life forms with DNA. There are some differences in the control of DNA replication in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

In a cell, DNA replication begins at specific places in the genome, called origins. As the DNA unwinds and as DNA helicase rips apart the double helix structure of DNA, the synthesis of new strands forms at a replication fork. In addition to DNA polymerase, other enzymes at the fork help to start and continue the DNA synthesis.
DNA polymerase 
DNA polymerases are a family of enzymes that carry out all forms of DNA replication.  However, a DNA polymerase can only extend an existing DNA strand paired with a template strand; it cannot begin the synthesis of a new strand. To begin synthesis, a short fragment of DNA or RNA, called a 'primer', is created and paired with the template DNA strand.

In general, DNA polymerases are extremely accurate, making less than one mistake for every 107 (10 million) nucleotides added. Even so, some DNA polymerases also have 'proofreading' ability: they can remove nucleotides from the end of a strand in order to correct mismatched bases.

DNA repair 
DNA in cells is constantly being damaged. The nucleus of cells contains a number of repair mechanisms which fix almost all of this damage. "A large set of DNA repair enzymes continuously scan the DNA and repair any damaged nucleotides".

References
References

Other websites 
 DNA Workshop
 WEHI-TV - DNA Replication video - Detailed DNA replication animation from different angles with description below. 
 Basic Polymerase Chain Reaction Protocol 
 Animated Biology 
 DNA makes DNA  (Flash Animation) 
 DNA replication info page by George Kakaris MSc.
  Reference website on eukaryotic DNA replication
[“DNA Replication.” Genome.gov, https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/DNA-Replication.]
[“Structure and Composition of DNA.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., https://www.britannica.com/science/heredity-genetics/Structure-and-composition-of-DNA#ref944097.]

Cell biology
DNA
Pushing Daisies is an American television series that originally aired on the ABC network in October 2007.

The show is about Ned, a pie maker, who finds that he has the power to bring dead people back to life by touching them. But if he touches the person a second time, they die forever.

Ned has a double life, as the owner of a pie restaurant and as the partner of Emerson, a private detective. Ned helps Emerson solve murders by bringing the murder victim back to life, long enough to find out who the murderer is.

Ned's life takes a turn when his childhood sweetheart, Chuck, is found dead. Ned brings Chuck back to life, but he can never touch her again, or she will die.

Other websites 
Official site

2007 American television series debuts
2009 American television series endings
2000s American television series
American comedy television series
American crime television series
American drama television series
American fantasy television series
English-language television programs
Journeyman was an American science-fiction television series on the NBC network. It started in September 2007.

Plot 

The series is about a reporter, Dan Vasser, who finds that he can travel through time with no warning. He can change things in his own past, so he has to be careful not to change too much.

Other websites 
 Official NBC site
 

American science fiction television series
NBC network shows
American drama television series
English-language television programs
Chuck is an American television series that started on the NBC network on September 24, 2007 and ended on January 27, 2012.

The series is about Chuck Bartowski, a normal guy who fixes computers at the Buy More store in Burbank, California, as part of the "Nerd Herd". His old friend Bryce turns out to be a rogue spy. Just before he dies, Bryce sends Chuck an e-mail with thousands of pictures. The pictures are encoded with all of the nation's spy secrets. After viewing them, Chuck holds all of the secrets inside his head (with his flashes as the intersect).

Chuck is watched by agents from the CIA and the NSA, who hope to use Chuck's secrets to protect the United States from terrorism.
The humor elements of the show involve a satire of the Best Buy chain of electronics stores.  The show wanted to use "Geek Squad" to describe the main characters' job. But Best Buy asked for them to change the name. So the characters on Chuck were called "Nerd Herd" instead. In fact, the exterior shots of the Burbank Buy More store where Chuck and Morgan work are a former Mervyn's store in the Fallbrook Mall in Canoga Park, California.

References

Other websites 
Official NBC site

2007 American television series debuts
2012 American television series endings
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
American science fiction television series
American sitcoms
Burbank, California
NBC network shows
Spy television series
Television series set in Los Angeles County, California
English-language television programs
Bionic Woman is a science fiction television series which started on the NBC network on September 26, 2007. The series is a modern version of the 1976 The Bionic Woman series.

The series is about Jaime Sommers, a bartender who is hurt in a car accident. Her boyfriend, Will Anthros, brings her to a secret laboratory. Jaime's life is saved, but Will has to replace her legs, right arm, eye and ear with mechanical parts. Jaime has to adjust to her new life as a superhero.

Other websites 
Official NBC site

American science fiction television series
NBC network shows
English-language television programs
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XI Olympic Winter Games, were held in 1972 in Sapporo, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympics to be held outside Western Europe and the United States, and only the third Games (Summer or Winter) held outside these regions, after Melbourne in 1956 and Tokyo in 1964. The city won the rights to the games in 1966.

Related pages
 Sports in Japan

References

Other websites
 IOC page for the 1972 Winter Olympics

 
1972 in sports
1970s in Japan
Sapporo
1972 in Asia
The 1956 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVI Olympiad, were held at Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. 

Melbourne was chosen as the host city over instead of Buenos Aires, Mexico City, Montreal and six American cities on 28 April 1949 at the 43rd IOC session.

The equestrian events were not held in Australia because of quarantine regulations. These events were held five months earlier in Stockholm, Sweden, making it the second time that events of the same Olympics were held in different countries.

Participating nations 
A total of 67 nations sent athletes to compete at the Melbourne games.

Five nations competed in the horse riding events in Stockholm; however, athletes from these nations did not take part in the Games in Melbourne.  The five were Cambodia, Egypt, Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

Notes

References

Other websites

 IOC page on the 1956 Summer Olympics
1956 Summer Olympics
1956 in Sweden
1956 in sports
1950s in Australia
History of Melbourne
History of Stockholm
The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States.

The games were part of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (St. Louis World's Fair). The sports events were not well planned; and the games were not thought to be a success.

Participating nations 
Athletes from 12 nations took part in the St. Louis games. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

The American bicyclist Frank Bizzoni was also known as a competitor from Italy The American wrestlers Charles Ericksen and Bernhof Hansen were also known as Norwegian competitors.

Related pages
 List of IOC country codes

References

Further reading
 Lucas, Charles J. P. (1905). The Olympic Games 1904. St. Louis: Woodward & Tiernan Printing Co.
 Sullivan, James E. (1905). Spalding's Athletic Almanac for 1905.  New York: American Publishing Co.

Other websites

 IOC page for the 1904 Summer Olympics
 "Competitions on Anthropology Days" at St Louis Public Library 
  "Olympic" at Missouri History Museum
Olympics
1900s in the United States
Summer Olympic 1904
Summer Olympic 1904
History of St. Louis, Missouri
1900s in sports
Stepanakert () or Khankendi () is a city in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, legally in Azerbaijan, but militarily controlled by the Armenian forces as the capital city of the unrecognised Republic of Artsakh (also known as Nagorno-Karabakh Republic). The city has about 40,000 ethnic Armenians. The entire Azerbaijani population left the city during the Nagorno-Karabakh War and it is currently populated fully by Armenians.

Notable natives
André - Armenian singer
Armen Abaghian - academic
Vladimir Arzumanyan - Armenian singer, winner of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010
Don Askarian - filmmaker
Samvel Babayan - general
Zori Balayan - writer
Robert Kocharyan - Second President of Armenia
Fakhraddin Manafov - actor
Serzh Sargsyan - Third President of Armenia, incumbent
Nikolay Yenikolopov (Yenikolopyan) - academic

References
References

Other websites 
 Nagorno-Karabakh  Nagorno-Karabakh's website
 Karabakh’s Election Conundrum November 2005 article about elections for seats in the Milli Mejlis (Azerbaijani parliament) for Azeri refugees
 Stepanakert Armeniapedia article

Capital cities in Asia
Cities in Azerbaijan
Republic of Artsakh
Upper Karabakh Economic Region
Sir Charles Drummond Ellis (b.Hampstead, 11 August 1895; died Cookham 10 January 1980) was a physicist and scientific administrator.  His work helped scientists to understand nuclear structure better.

Education and internment
Ellis's father was a general manager of the Metropolitan Railway in London.  He went to Harrow School where he was very good at all subjects as well as sport.  In 1913 he become a cadet in the Royal Military Academy.  He wanted to join the Royal Engineers.