Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Contentment or Satisfaction is a pleasant or positive emotion, feeling or state of mind. Satisfaction is when a desire or a need is fulfilled. Satisfaction is when a person has nothing to complain about. Someone feels satisfied when they achieve a difficult goal. A person feels satisfied by accomplishment, recognition, invention and service. Someone can feel job satisfaction when they like their work. A person tends to feel satisfied by basic body functions. These can include eating, exercising, hygiene, sex or defecation. Some people feel satisfied when they get revenge for something that hurt them. Satisfaction is related to pleasure, gratification and contentment.

Contentment as an emotion
Humans and many other mammals feel satisfaction. Sometimes a person lacks satisfaction. They may feel negative feelings such as discontent, emptiness, boredom or sadness. This is the opposite of satisfaction. It is called dissatisfaction. Dissatisfaction occurs when we fail at doing something many times. Dissatisfaction occurs when comparing yourself to another person. This is called social comparison theory. Ongoing dissatisfaction causes complacency, apathy and even depression.
Satisfaction does not occur automatically. Satisfaction is the process of coping with life. Humans are in a constant fight against dissatisfaction. The Dalai Lama spoke about this: 
"When you are discontent, you always want more, more, more. Your desire can never be satisfied. But when you practice contentment, you can say to yourself, "Oh yes—I already have everything that I really need."
If someone slips into total dissatisfaction, they might experience anguish. A person is more likely to be happy and satisfied if they learn how to control their negative experiences and to process positive thoughts. Usually, a person does not share their satisfaction with other people. That is called pride.
Satisfaction, like all emotions, is a motivator of behavior. Satisfaction is an important part of one's quality of life. In positive psychology, researchers are studying what gives a person satisfaction in life.
Delayed gratification is a part of satisfaction. Delayed gratification is when a person chooses long-term rewards over immediate rewards. Delayed gratification is also when a person prioritizes long-term objectives over closer targets. When a person delays gratification, they feel satisfied. 

Psychologists say that life satisfaction and well-being are the two main ingredients of happiness.

Satisfaction and happiness 
Satisfaction is different from happiness. Satisfaction refers to a particular situation or state of mind. Satisfaction is often temporary. Happiness is a prolonged condition.

Hedonism
Satisfaction is different from hedonism. A hedonist seeks pleasure or enjoyment above everything else. Satisfaction is not about doing things simply to feel pleasure. Satisfaction is not self-indulgent.
Related pages 
Happiness
Pleasure

References

Other websites 
 Can’t Get No Satisfaction? The Buddha and Nietzsche Can Help
 The United States of Satisfaction

Emotions
Cruelty is pleasure in causing suffering to other living things or even themselves. Sadism can also be related to this as it means someone really enjoying this. Cruel ways of causing suffering may involve violence.

For example, if a person is drowning and begging for help and another person is able to help with no cost or risk, but watches happily. Bertrand Russell said that "the [causing] of cruelty with a good conscience is a delight to moralists. That is why they invented Hell."

References

Emotions
Human behavior
Desires is the emotion of someone or something wanting something. This can be similar to "wanting", "wishing", "longing" or "craving". Desires are closely related to agency: they motivate the agent to realize them. People usually desire things that will make them happy or bring them pleasure.

References

Emotions
Distrust is a way of not trusting any one because it has great risk or deep doubt. The phrase "Trust, but verify" refers specifically to distrust.

Research on high risk settings such as oil platforms, banking, medical surgery, aircraft piloting and nuclear powerplants has seen distrust as the same of failure because of the high consequences.

References

Related pages
Misanthropy

Emotions
Enthusiasm can mean enjoyment, interest, or approval given by a person. The term is related to playfulness, inventiveness, optimism and high energy.

References

Emotions
Sorrow is an emotion of sadness. Sorrow worse than sadness because it can last longer. At the same time sorrow has someone admit that they have lost something. It is a normal reaction to something that makes a person mad or when they went through something tragic.

References

Emotions
Social connection is the experience of feeling close and connected to others. It involves feeling loved, cared for, and valued. Scientists say that it is important for someone to have social connections as it would help them develop a healthier life and reduce the risk of depression or mental illness. 

Feeling socially connected depends on the quality and number of meaningful relationships one has with family and friends.

References

Emotions
Shyness is the feeling of apprehension, not being comfortable, or awkwardness especially when a person is around other people. This usually happens when someone is doing something or being somewhere they are not used to. This can be seen as the opposite of confidence.

This fear of negative reactions such as being laughed at, humiliated, criticized or rejected can cause a shy person to retreat. Stronger forms of shyness can be known as anxiety.

References

Emotions
Acute stress disorder (ASD, also known as acute stress reaction, psychological shock, mental shock, or simply shock) is a psychological response to a terrifying, traumatic, or surprising event. The American Psychiatric Association first introduced it to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders in 1994. 

Acute stress disorder is not fatal, but it may bring stress if not treated. ASD typically occurs within one month of a traumatic event. It lasts at least three days and can persist for up to one month. People with ASD have symptoms similar to those seen in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Patients with acute stress disorder may benefit from psychological first aid. This offers practical assistance; and helping the patient get social support and other services.

Symptoms 
ASD symptoms fall under five broad categories:
Intrusion symptoms. These occur when a person is unable to stop revisiting a traumatic event through flashbacks, memories, or dreams.
 Negative mood. A person may experience negative thoughts, sadness, and low mood.
 Dissociative symptoms. These can include an altered sense of reality, a lack of awareness of the surroundings, and an inability to remember parts of the traumatic event.
 Avoidance symptoms. People with these symptoms purposefully avoid thoughts, feelings, people, or places that they associate with the traumatic event.
 Arousal symptoms. These can include insomnia and other sleep disturbances, difficulty concentrating, and irritability or aggression, which can be either verbal or physical. The person may also feel tense or on guard and become startled very easily.

Causes 
A traumatic event can cause significant physical, emotional, or psychological harm.
the death of a loved one
 the threat of death or serious injury
 natural disasters
 motor vehicle accidents
 sexual assault, rape, or domestic abuse
 receiving a terminal diagnosis
 surviving a traumatic brain injury

References

Emotions
Anxiety disorders
Saudade (, , , ; plural saudades) is a deep emotional state of nostalgic or melancholic thinking for something or someone that one cares for and/or loves. It can be caused by someone thinking about something happy, sad or angry from their childhood. It can also bring someone good memories and comfort. Saudade is a Galician-Portuguese word that claims no direct translation to English or other languages.

References

Emotions
Resentment (also called ranklement or bitterness) is an emotion that can mean many things that has been seen as a mixture of disappointment, disgust, anger, and fear.

It can be someone's reaction to injustices or something unfair that has happened in their life. It can also be cause by guilt, someone feeling guilty over something happening that they felt they could have controlled.

References

Emotions
Remorse is an emotion experienced by an individual who regrets actions which they have done in the past that they see as hurtful, or wrong. Remorse is closely similar to guilt and resentment. 

When a person regrets an earlier action or failure to act, it may be because of remorse or in response to other consequences.  People may express remorse through apologies.

References

Emotions
An apology is an expression of regret or remorse for actions, while apologizing is the act of showing regret or remorse. It can be known as saying sorry. The goal of apologizing is generally forgiveness.

References

Human behavior
A wrong (from Old English  – 'crooked') is an act that is illegal or immoral. What is wrong can be seen or talked about in laws. They can be seen as crimes or can be seen as someone just having false information.

References

Human behavior
Ethics
The Cusco gladiator tree frog (Boana gladiator) is a frog that lives in Peru, in Cusco and Puno. Scientists have seen it between 1097 and 1975 meters above sea level in cloud forests.

The adult male frog is 35.3 to 49.4 mm long from nose to rear end, and the adult female frog is 47.8 to 55.3 mm long. Like other gladiator tree frogs, the male Cusco gladiator tree frog has a spike on each front foot that it uses to fight other males. The female frog lays eggs in streams.

This frog is in danger of dying out. One reason is that human beings cut down the trees in the forests where the frogs live. Another is that the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infects the frogs. This illness makes their skin thick so the frog cannot let water pass through it. The chemicals in the frog's blood turn bad, and the frog has a heart attack and dies.

References

Frogs of South America
Social rejection happens when a person or group of people are not allowed to be part of a interpersonal relationships or social interactions. A person can be rejected by individuals or an entire group of people. This can be caused by bullying and by ignoring a person, or being silent around them.

References

Emotions
Human behavior
In social science, a social relation or social interaction is any relationship between two or more individuals. They can be both positive (affiliative) and negative (agonistic) interactions, showing opposing effects.

Social relationships are a special case of social relations that can exist without any communication taking place between the actors involved.

Related pages
Interpersonal relationship

References

Human behavior
Relationships
Regret is the emotion of wishing one had made a different decision in the past, because the effect of the decision were not good.

Regret is related to a missed opportunity. Its intensity changes over time after the decision.

Regret is different than remorse because people can regret things beyond their control, but remorse is about a sense of responsibility for the situation.

References

Emotions
Gratification is the emotional reaction of happiness because someone had reached or gotten their desire or goal. It is also seen as a response of fulfillment and getting recognition.

References

Emotions
Gratitude, thankfulness, or gratefulness, from the Latin word gratus "pleasing, thankful", is a feeling of appreciation felt by and/or similar positive response shown by kindness, gifts, help, favors, or other types of generosity.

It has also been a topic of interest to ancient, medieval and modern philosophers, and is a popular topic for modern day philosophers.

References

Emotions
Please is a word used in the English language to show politeness and respect while asking for something. It is short for the phrase "if you please" or "if it please(s) you". In modern days, the phrase is taught to children by their parents as a way to teach politeness.

References

Human behavior
Politeness is the teaching or acting of good manners so as not to offend others. What is thought to be polite may be different or event rude depending on many cultures.

Types
 Negative politeness: Making a request less rude, such as "If you don't mind..." or "If it isn't too much trouble..."
Non-assertive politeness: when a person does not stop from making a comment or pushing their beliefs during a discussion.
Assertive politeness: when a person offers their opinion in a positive way to be assistive and helpful during an interaction. Or
 Positive politeness: Seeks to create a positive relationship between people.

Some cultures seem to prefer one of these kinds of politeness over the other. In this way politeness is culturally bound.

Related pages
Bowing
Curtsey

Other websites
Other websites

 Model Citizenship  Real-life Examples of Civil Politeness
 Sociolinguistics: Politeness
 Sociolinguistics: Politeness in Spanish
 wiki project in comparative politeness: European Communicative Strategies (ECSTRA) (directed by Joachim Grzega)
Politeness, BBC Radio 4 discussion with Amanda Vickery, David Wootton & John Mullan (In Our Time, Sep. 30, 2004)

Human behavior
Rudeness (also called effrontery) is showing disrespect to people or cultures. These have been created by boundaries of normally accepted behavior. 

Forms of rudeness include acting inconsiderate, insensitive, deliberately offensive, impolite, a faux pas, obscenity, profanity and violating taboos such as deviancy. In some cases, an act of rudeness can go so far as to be a crime, for example, the crime of hate speech.

References

Human behavior
Respect, also called esteem, is a positive feeling or action shown towards someone or something that are important. It shows a sense of admiration for good or valuable qualities. It is also the process of honoring someone by showing care, concern, or consideration for their needs or feelings.

References

Related pages
Dignity
Solidarity

Human behavior
Virtues
Outrage is a strong emotion made up of surprise, disgust, and anger. It can be a reaction to something rude. It comes from old French "ultrage" which means ultra.

Moral outrage is the emotion of outrage experienced in reaction to an injustice.

References

Emotions
Injustice is a the unfairness of some outcomes. The term may be applied to certain event or situation, or to a larger status quo. It can be seen as the opposite of justice or someone not getting it. The sense of injustice is a universal human feature. It can be seen as an abuse of the justice systems.

References

Human behavior
is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs. It can talk about what is certain or permanent social, political, or military issues. In the sociological sense, the status quo refers to the current state of social structure and/or values. It also means how conditions are without the chance of possible change.

References

Latin phrases
Kindness is a type of behavior that shows generosity, thinking of another person, or concern for others, without wanting a reward. Kindness was one of the main topics in the Bible. Nietzsche considered kindness and love to be the "most curative herbs" for humans. Many believe that God is the same as kindness. Kindness can help to grow a bond with someone.

References

Emotions
Virtues
Human behavior
Interest is a feeling or emotion that causes attention to focus on an object, event, or process. It can be someone focusing on something because of their curiosity. It can also mean someone liking something.

The emotion of interest does have its own face expression, such as having their pupils grow.

References

Emotions
Humiliation is when someone is embarrassed by something, usually in public. It is usually when the person has no pride. It is an emotion felt by a person whose social status have lowered.

Humiliation is currently an active research topic.

References

Emotions
Hostility  is seen as form of emotionally aggressive behavior. In everyday speech it is more commonly used as a synonym for anger and aggression.

Tensions between the two differences of hostility and hospitality has increased in the 21st century. Some physicals forms of hostility can be grinding or gnashing of teeth, the clenching and shaking of fists, and frowning.

References

Emotions
The International Islamic University Malaysia (; ), also known as IIUM, is a public university in Malaysia. Its main building is in Gombak, Selangor. It has six other campuses all over Malaysia: two medical-centric campuses and a Centre for Foundation Studies in Gambang, Pahang, two city campuses in Kuala Lumpur, and a language & tourism campus in Pagoh, Johor.

References

Colleges and universities in Malaysia
Selangor
Cranberry juice is the liquid juice from cranberries. Cranberry juice sold in stores usually has sugar and water added. Some has other fruit juices.

The terms cranberry juice cocktail and cranberry juice blend mean products have between 25% and 49% cranberry juice. The rest comes from different fruit juice concentrate (usually peach, grape or raspberry), also having added sugar to improve taste. Low-calorie cranberry juice products contain artificial sweeteners. Cranberry juice is tart due to its mixed content of polyphenols. Those include flavonoids, phenolic acids and anthocyanins. 

Although many people believe that cranberry juice helps prevent urinary tract infections, it has no such proven effect. This was determined by the Cochrane review during completed clinical research. The scientific panel of the European Food Safety Authority said a cause-and-effect relationship could not be established between cranberry juice and urinary tract infections.
Consuming cranberry juice and nutrition
Cranberry juice is 86% water, 26% carbohydrates, and less than 1% fat or protein. A cup of regular (fortified) cranberry juice (248 grams or 8 ounces) has 107 calories. It has vitamin C as an ingredient to preserve freshness. Other micronutrients may be added during manufacturing. Other than vitamin C and folate having more than 10% of the Daily Value, a typical serving of cranberry juice has no micronutrients in significant content.

One half cup of cranberry juice has 60 calories, 20% of the Daily Value for vitamin C. That counts as one-half of a fruit serving toward the United States MyPlate daily nutrition guide.

Effect on health 
Cranberry juice is an acidic drink with a pH of about 2.6. Some cranberry juice products have large amounts of sugar used in manufacturing. This makes the drink taste better. Drinking cranberry juice may increase the risk of hyperglycemia and reduced control of blood glucose in people with diabetes or glucose intolerance.

References
References

Fruit juices
Aker Solutions ASA, is an engineering company based in Oslo, Norway. 

The company has operations in Norway.

History 
The company was founded in 1841.

Aker Solutions was known as Aker Kværner until 2008.

On 3 April 2008, the company announced that it was  changing its name - to Aker Solutions.

In 2014, Aker Solutions was divided to two companies, Aker Solutions and Akastor.

In 2020, the company merged with Kværner ASA.

References 

Companies of Norway
2008 establishments in Europe
The 1943 Ashford by-election happened on 10 February 1943.  The by-election happened because the current MP, Patrick Spens was made Chief Justice of India. Conservative candidate Edward Percy Smith won the election. Percy Smith won with 69.7% of the vote.

References 

1943 in Europe
Kent
Elections in the United Kingdom
1940s in the United Kingdom
Interior may refer to:

Arts and media
 Interior (Degas) (also known as The Rape), painting by Edgar Degas
 Interior (play), 1895 play by Belgian playwright Maurice Maeterlinck
 The Interior (novel), by Lisa See
 Interior design, the trade of designing an architectural interior

Places
 Interior, South Dakota 
 Interior, Washington
 Interior Township, Michigan
 British Columbia Interior, commonly known as "The Interior"

Government agencies
 Interior ministry, sometimes called the ministry of home affairs
 United States Department of the Interior

Other uses
 Interior (topology), mathematical concept that includes, for example, the inside of a shape
 Interior FC, a football team in Gambia

Related pages
A salmon burger is a type of hamburger made from ground or minced salmon in a shape of a patty. The salmon needs something to make it stick together and is easy to overcook which makes it too dry.  Salmon burgers are commonly eaten in Alaska as an alternative to beef hamburgers.

References

Seafood dishes
Sandwiches
Guilded is a VoIP, instant messaging and digital distribution platform made and owned by Guilded, Inc. Users can talk by using voice calls, video calls, text messaging, media and files in private chats or as part of communities called "guilds". Guilded runs on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and iOS. Guilded is mainly focused on competitive gaming and esports. Guilded says that unlike their competitor Discord, they prioritize gaming over general communities, Guilded is made by Guilded, Inc. which has been bought by the Roblox Corporation since August 16, 2021.

References 

Software
Websites
The Pacific swift (Apus pacificus)  is a bird in the Swift family (Apodidae). It has four subspecies. The number of pacific swifts is unknown. They live in East Asia and Oceania.

This bird is medium-sized.  its body is 18 to 21 cm long and it is 40-42 cm wide from wingtip to wingtip.  Its feathers are mostly black, but it has a band of white feathers on its rear end.  Its tail is forked, or split into two pieces.  It can fly at least 300 m up in the air.  It looks for food over open areas, towns, grasslands or even sand dunes near the ocean.  It eats insects that it catches in the air.

Distribution 
The pacific swft has a large range of nearly 10 million square kilometers (3.8 million square miles). These birds live throughout the eastern Asia from the Ob River northeast to Kamchatka and east to the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin and Japan.

References

Apodiformes
Birds of Asia
Birds of Oceania
The Cassandra Crossing is a 1976 disaster thriller movie directed by George Pan Cosmatos, produced by Carlo Ponti and starring his wife Sophia Loren, Richard Harris, Ava Gardner, Martin Sheen, Burt Lancaster, Lee Strasberg and O. J. Simpson. The movie is about a disease-infected Swedish terrorist who infects a train's passengers with the pneumonic plague as they travel across Europe and head to a crumbling arch bridge.

The reviews from the movie critics were very negative. In the movie-review website Rotten Tomatoes, the movie has a low score of 30% based on ten reviews.

The Cassandra Crossing, however, still made money at the box office, which was more than the movie budget. The producers claimed that they covered the production costs of the movie out of Japan alone.

The movie was shot in Switzerland, Czechoslovakia and France.

Related pages 
 Bioterrorism

References

Other websites
1976 drama movies
1976 thriller movies
Disaster movies
Italian drama movies
British drama movies
German drama movies
Italian thriller movies
British thriller movies
German thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies set on trains
Movies set in Switzerland
Movies set in Germany
Movies set in the Czech Republic
Movies set in Poland
Movies composed by Jerry Goldsmith
Movies about terrorism
Movies about viral outbreaks
Movies directed by George P. Cosmatos
A mechanical seal is a piece of hardware that is used in places where two other pieces of hardware are connected. The idea of the seal is to prevent or limit leakage. Depending on the use case, there are different designs of these seals. Very often, the substance used for sealing is also important.

When water is still dripping from a tap that is closed, this means that the mechanical seal (that should prevent this) is broken.

Hardware (mechanical)
Robert "Bob" James Boyle II (born May 18, 1971) is an American animator whose known for Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!.

Works 
 The Fairly OddParents 
 Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!
 Yin Yang Yo! 
 The Powerpuff Girls (2016 revival)
 Poochini (character designer)

Related works 
 Nutri Ventures: The Series - Developer, English dub (2013-2021)

Other websites
  
                                                                                         
                                                                                              

American animators
American television directors
American television producers
1971 births
The Powerpuff Girls
Cartoon Network
American television writers
Living people
Verbosity or verboseness is writing or speaking that uses more words to describe something than the amount needed. The opposite of it is plain language. Some teachers don't like verbosity and tell people not to use it. 

Language
Rhetoric
Various Anthems 
His Earth Anthem has been translated into over 100 languages.It was played at the United Nations to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Earth Day. He also wrote an anthem for SAARC. He wrote a 'Moon Anthem' to celebrate the success of India's Moon Mission Chandrayaan-2. He also wrote a 'Mars Anthem' and anthems on all the planets in the Solar System.He recorded his poems at the Library of Congress. He received the SAARC Literary Award.He was nominated for the Pushcart Prize in 2013.

Early Life 
He was born in Rajgir in Nalanda district of Bihar. He studied at Jawaharlal Nehru University and Delhi University. He studied Russian language and literature at the Moscow State University, U.S. foreign policy at George Washington University.He can speak Hindi, English, Russian, Nepali, Portuguese,French and Sanskrit.
Career 
Kumar has served at the Ministry of External Affairs of India. He also served at the Indian missions in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kathmandu and Brasilia. He was appointed Director of the Nehru Centre, London in March 2015.He was appointed as India's Deputy High Commissioner to Australia in 2015.He currently serves as India's Ambassador to Madagascar and Comoros. He also proposed International Day of Diplomats on the United Nations Day.

As a Poet 
Abhay Kumar's first book was “River Valley to Silicon Valley(2007). He has published eight collections of poetry. Abhay Kumar's poems have appeared in several magazines and literary journals. His poems have also been included in a number of anthologies including A Poem A Day edited by Gulzar (Harper Collins|2020), The Younger Indian Poets edited by Sudeep Sen(Sahitya Akademi|2019), 100 Great Indian Poems (Bloomsbury|2018), and The Himalayan Arc edited by Namita Gokhale (Harper Collins|2018).

Awards 
Pushcart Prize Nomination-2012

SAARC Literary Award
Asia- Pacific Exellence Award

References

Other websites 

1980 births
Living people
Indian poets
Pablo "Pabling" Paras Garcia (September 25, 1925 – August 18, 2021) was a Filipino politician. He was born in Cebu, Philippines. He was the Governor of Cebu from 1995 until 2004. He was a member of the Philippine House of Representatives from 1987 until 1995 and again from 2007 until 2013.

Garcia died on August 18, 2021 at the age of 95.

References

1925 births
2021 deaths
Filipino politicians
Olav Akselsen (28 August 1965 – 17 August 2021) was a Norwegian Labour politician. He was Minister of Petroleum and Energy from 2000 to 2001. He was a member of the Storting from 1989 until 2009. He was born in Stord, Norway.

Akselsen died on 17 August 2021 in Oslo at the age of 55.

References

1965 births
2021 deaths
Norwegian politicians
Stord is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland. Stord is the 68th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 18,759.

Related pages
List of mayors in Norway that are elected until 2027

References

Municipalities of Vestland
Simão Sessim (8 December 1935 – 16 August 2021) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Progressistas Party. In 1979, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. He retired in 2019. Sessim was born in Rio de Janeiro. From 1973 until 1977, he was the Mayor of Nilópolis.

Sessim died on 16 August 2021 in Rio de Janeiro from COVID-19, aged 85.

References

1935 births
2021 deaths
Brazilian lawyers
Politicians from Rio de Janeiro
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Nilópolis (, , ) is a municipality in Brazil.

The city was named after Nilo Peçanha, a President of Brazil.

References

Cities in Rio de Janeiro (state)
Nilo Procópio Peçanha (; 2 October 1867 – 31 March 1924) was a Brazilian politician. He was the 7th President of Brazil. He was Governor of Rio de Janeiro State (1903–1906), then elected Vice President of Brazil in 1906.

References

1867 births
1924 deaths
Vice presidents of Brazil
Presidents of Brazil
Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena (; 30 November 1847 – 14 June 1909) was a Brazilian politician who served as President of Brazil between 1906 and 1909. He was the first president to die in office. Pena died of pneumonia on 14 June 1909.

References

1847 births
1909 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Vice presidents of Brazil
Presidents of Brazil
Brian Patrick Burns (July 12, 1936 – August 12, 2021) was an American businessman, lawyer and philanthropist. He was a well known leader of the Irish-American community. He collected many pieces of Irish art. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and spent his career both in Boston and San Francisco, California.

In December 2016, then President-elect Donald Trump wanted to nominate Burns as the United States Ambassador to Ireland. However, in June 2017, Burns withdrew his name because of his health.

Burns died on August 12, 2021 in Palm Beach, Florida one month after his 85th birthday.

References

1936 births
2021 deaths
Lawyers from San Francisco
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from Boston
Businesspeople from San Francisco
Politicians from San Francisco
Politicians from Boston
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Boston
Texas is a 1941 American western movie directed by George Marshall and starring William Holden, Glenn Ford, Claire Trevor, George Bancroft, Addison Richards, Edgar Buchanan, Andrew Tombes, Don Beddoe, Edmund MacDonald. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1941 movies
1940s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Movies directed by George Marshall
Töregene Khatun (also Turakina, , ) (d. 1246) was the Great Khatun and ruler of the Mongol Empire from the death of her husband Ögedei Khan in 1241 until her oldest son Güyük Khan became the Great Khatun in 1246.

Background 
Töregene was from the Naiman tribe. Her first husband was a part of the Merkit clan. Some people say that his name was Qudu (d. 1217), son of Toqto'a Beki of the Merkits. However, Rashid-al-Din Hamadani said her first husband was Dayir Usun of the Merkits. When Genghis conquered the Merkits in 1204, he gave Töregene to Ögedei to be his second wife. Ögedei's first wife Boraqchin had no sons, but Töregene gave birth to five sons, Güyük, Kötän, Köchü, Qarachar, and Qashi (father of Kaidu).
She became more important than all of Ögedei's wives and slowly became a powerful person in court. But Töregene still did not like Ögedei's officials and the rules of the government being managed more by the ruler and lowering tax. Töregene paid for the reprinting of books of Taoist philosophy in North China. Through the power of Töregene, Ögedei made Abd-ur-Rahman a tax farmer in China.

Great Khatun of the Mongol Empire 
After Ögedei died in 1241, Möge Khatun took power.  She was one of Ögedei's widows and she had been one of Genghis Khan's wives before that. With the help of Chagatai and her sons, Töregene took complete power as regent in spring 1242 as Great Khatun. She removed her husband's ministers and made new people she liked ministers. The most important minister was  Fatima, a Tajik or Persian woman who was a prisoner of war from the Middle Eastern campaign. She was a Shiite Muslim who was moved from the city of Meshed to Mongolia even though she did not want to.
She tried to put some of Ögedei's main officials in jail. Her husband's chief secretary, Chinqai, and another important person in the government, Mahmud Yalavach, went to her son Koden in North China while an important Turkestani, Masud Begh, ran to Batu Khan in Russia. In Iran, Töregene put Korguz in jail and handed over him to the wife of Chagatai, whose husband was dead, and Korguz he had not agreed with Chagati. The Chagatayid Khan Qara Hülëgü killed him. Töregene made Arghun Aqa of the Oirat as governor in Persia.

She made Abd-ur-Rahman ruler in North China, and Fatima became even more powerful at the Mongol court. This made the rich Mongols into ask for a lot of money for their work.
Role in Mongol conquests 
Töregene was friends with Ögedei's commanders in China. The fighting between the Mongols and the Song soldiers was in Chengdu. Töregene sent people to make peace, but Song put them in prison. The Mongols put Hangzhou in prison and attacked Sichuan in 1242. She then told Zhang Rou and Chagaan (Tsagaan) to attack the Song Dynasty. When they attacked the Song territory, the Song court sent somebody to ceasefire. Chagaan and Zhang Rou went north back to their homes after the Mongols accepted the term.
The Mongol troops under general Baiju probed the forces of Abbasid Iraq and Ayubid ruled Syria in 1244–46.

Güyük's coronation 
She was an powerful person in a society that was usually led only by men. She was able to control the many powers within the empire, and even within the family of Genghis Khan, over a 5-year period in which she not only ruled the empire, but helped her son Güyük as Great Khan become ruler. During Töregene's reign, people arrived from the far away parts of the empire to her capital at Karakorum or to her moving imperial camp. The Seljuk sultan came from Turkey—as did people from the Caliph of Abbasid in Baghdad. So did two people wanting the throne of Georgia: David Ulu, the son of the old king that could not legally take the throne—and David Narin, the son of the same king who could. The highest-ranking European was Alexander Nevsky's father, Grand Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich of Vladimir and Suzdal, who died just after eating dinner with Töregene Khatun.
The Mongols did polygamy, meaning they married many people each. Ögedei Khan's favorite son was Kochu, who was his son but not Töregene's, rather another wife of his. He had chose Kochu's son Siremun to become ruler after him because his father suddenly died in China in 1237. But some sources say that Khoch was a son of Töregene and she did not want Shiremun to succeed. Töregene did not agree the choice in favor of Güyük, but despite the huge influence she had on him, she was not able to make Ögedei to change his mind. She did what she wanted through clever planning and trickery. When the lesser Khans made her regent after her husband died, she gave her favorite people high positions in the imperial household and started what was a good plan to make her son Güyük become ruler. When Temüge Otchigen, the youngest brother of Genghis, made an army and tried to take the throne, though he did not, Güyük quickly came to meet him
. Töregene managed to keep a Kurultai from happening until it was sure her son Güyük was liked by the most people. Töregene gave power onto her son Güyük in 1246. She retired west to Ögedei's appanage on the Emil.
Despite her planning in making sure Güyük's election as Khagan, the relationship between Töregene and her son eventually became bad. Güyük's brother Koden said Fatima was using witchcraft to make him sick; when Koden died a few months later, Güyük continuously said that his mother let Fatima be killed. Töregene threatened her son Güyük that she would commit suicide to spite him. Güyük's men took Fatima and killed her by sewing up her nose, mouth and ears and drowning her; People who helped or liked Töregene in the imperial household were also killed. After 18 months of Fatima's death, Töregene herself died because of unknown reasons. She was later called Empress Zhaoci () after her death by Kublai in 1265-1266.

In popular media 
 She was portrayed by Cai Wenyan in The Legend of Kublai Khan (2013)

References

Citations

Sources
Sources 

Jack Weatherford – The Women Who Ruled the Mongol Empire  (dead link)
 Jack Weatherford. The Secret History of the Mongol Queens: How the Daughters of Genghis Khan Rescued His Empire (Crown; 2010).

Mongol emperors
1246 deaths
macOS Monterey is a version of macOS. It was announced at WWDC.

References 

MacOS
Flight dynamics is the study of the performance, stability, and control of things flying through the air or in outer space. It is concerned with how forces that act on the vehicle determine its velocity and altitude with respect to time.

References 

Subfields of physics
The lema tree frog (Boana lemai) is a frog that lives in Venezuela and Guyana.  Scientists have seen it between 600 and 1400 meters above sea level.

References

Frogs of South America
The modern Welsh language contains names for many towns and other geographical features in Great Britain and elsewhere. Names for places outside of Welsh-speaking regions are exonyms, not including spelling or pronunciation adaptions and translations of non-proper nouns.

Names in italics are dated or obsolete.

Algeria

Argentina

Australia

Austria

Belgium

Canada

China

Czech Republic

Denmark

Egypt

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

India

Indonesia

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Japan

Lebanon

Libya

Mexico

Netherlands

New Caledonia

New Zealand

Palestine

Papua New Guinea

Romania

Russia

South Africa

Spain

Switzerland

Taiwan

Tanzania

Tunisia

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

Uruguay

Sources 
 Collins-Longman, Yr Atlas Cymraeg Newydd,  (1999)
 Book of Llandaff

References

Exonyms
Lists of exonyms
Marco the Magnificent is a 1965 French Italian Egyptian Afghan Serbian adventure movie directed by Denys de la Patellière and starring Omar Sharif, Anthony Quinn, Horst Buchholz, Orson Welles, Akim Tamiroff, Elsa Martinelli, Robert Hossein, Guido Alberti.

Other websites
 

1965 adventure movies
1960s historical movies
French adventure movies
Italian adventure movies
Egyptian movies
Afghan movies
Serbian movies
Movies directed by Denys de la Patellière
Movies set in the 13th century
Movies set in the 14th century
Movies set in China
Movies set in Italy
Movies set in Mongolia‏‎
Ann Zhang (born 21 June 1957) is a retired Chinese short track athlete and coach. She was the coach of the Australian short track team from 1996 to 2014.

Zhang Yuanyuan was born in Beijing on 21 June 1957. 

Zhang, living in Brisbane, Australia, began her coaching career as the junior coach of the New South Wales selection in 1992. Four years later she was promoted to become the Australia national coach. At that time, the country's short track team had already achieved considerable success, including the first medal for Australia at the Winter Olympics, a bronze medal in the relay at the Games in Lillehammer in 1994. After Zhang took over the team, an Australian short tracker was able to finish fourth in the Short Track World Cup in 1996. Zhang achieved her greatest successes as a coach at the Olympic Games. The short track team was successful in the 2002 Games in Salt Lake City. Very surprisingly, Steven Bradbury won the first Winter Olympics gold medal for his country.

Other websites
Other websites 
 

Sportswomen
1957 births
Chinese sportspeople
Australian sportspeople
Speed skaters
The 2014 Newark by-election was to elect a new MP for the UK Parliament constituency of Newark constituency. The by-election happened on 5 June 2014. The by-election happened because the current MP, Patrick Mercer, decided he didn't want to be MP anymore. Conservative Robert Jenrick won the seat with a  7,403 than the UKIP candidate, who came in second.

Candidates 
The applications for candidates ended at 4pm on Tuesday 13 May. 11 candidates were nominated.

The local Conservative Party chose Robert Jenrick to be their candidate for the seat. Jenrick was a solicitor before this.

Labour chose councillor Michael Payne as their candidate. He was the deputy leader of Gedling Borough Council.

The Liberal Democrats chose David Watts as their candidate. He was leader of Broxtowe Borough Council.

Result

References 

2014 elections
2014 in England
Nottinghamshire
2010s elections in the United Kingdom
Muhammad Junaid (popularly known as Junaid Babungari, , 8 October 1953 – 19 August 2021) was a Bangladeshi Deobandi Islamic scholar, educator, writer, researcher, Islamic speaker and spiritual figure. He was the Amir of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh from 2020 until his death. 

His followers called him 'Majlum Janneta', 'Qaed-e Millat' and the 'Uncompromising Sipahsalar'. He went to jail for leading the Hefazat movement in 2013. Babunagari was born in Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Junaid died on 19 August 2021 in Chittagong from a stroke caused by diabetes at the age of 67.

References

1953 births
2021 deaths
Bangladeshi academics
Islamic religious leaders
People from Chittagong Division
Friday the 13th: The Game is a survival horror video game created by IllFonic, and published by Gun Media. It is based on the movie series of the same name. It was released on May 26, 2017 online and later released on October 13, 2017 as a CD game for PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. 

The game is a multiplayer game where seven players are at Camp Crystal Lake having five minutes to either escape or to simply survive. They have to avoid being killed by Jason Voorhees (where a player can play as him).

References

Friday the 13th (franchise)
2017 video games
Horror video games
The CPN (Unified-Socialist) () is a political party in Nepal. The party was officially announced and registered at Election Commission, Nepal on 18 August 2021. Madhav Kumar Nepal is the coordinator of the new party. As of August 2021, the this party was junior ally in Deuba government.

Formation 
The President of Nepal issued second amendment on political parties related act on 18 August 2021. This opened the way to formalize the splits inside the dispute between two factions of Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal and CPN(UML) respectively. The CPN(UML) faction led by Madhav Kumar Nepal, which had a long dispute with CPN(UML) chairman KP Sharma Oli, registered their party by the name 'CPN-UML (Socialist)' with the Election Commission. At the time of the launch of the CPN-UML (Socialist), the party claimed to have 31 members in the two national houses of parliament.

A Central Committee with 95 members was announced as well. Madhav Kumar Nepal would act as the coordinator of the party.

References
References 

Communist parties in Asia
Political parties in Nepal
21st-century establishments in Nepal
2021 establishments in Asia
Ludwig Anders Ahgren (; born July 6, 1995) is an American Twitch streamer, YouTuber, and esports commentator. He was born in Hollis, New Hampshire. Ahgren is best known for his livestreams on Twitch. He is also known for his work as an esports commentator at many Super Smash Bros. Melee tournaments. Ahgren has become one of the largest streamers on Twitch. Recently Ludwig has switched to YouTube. Ludwig’s most recent video https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GGBBw44jHVI 

From March 22, 2021 to May 12, 2021, Ahgren was the most subscribed streamer on Twitch.

Height: Ludwig Ahgren is 5 feet, 4 inches tall

References

1995 births
Living people
American YouTubers
American sports commentators
People from New Hampshire
Twitch (service) streamers
is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.

References

Cities in Chiba Prefecture
is a Japanese actor. He was born in Kyoto, Japan. His career began in 1954. 

He is known for his roles in Wolves, Pigs and Men (1964), Blackmail Is My Life (1968), Outlaw:Kill! (1968), Sleepy Eyes of Death 12: Castle Menagerie (1969), Bakumatsu (1970), Under the Flag of the Rising Sun (1972), Kage Gari (1972), Nichiren (1979) and Edo Jō Tairan (1991).

References

Other websites
IMDb  Shinjirō Ehara 

Living people
1936 births
Japanese movie actors
Japanese television actors
Japanese stage actors
People from Kyoto Prefecture
Copywriting is the act of writing persuasive text that is used for advertising and marketing. This is the job of a copywriter. There are seven types of copywriting depending on the field in which the copywriter is to work:

 Creative copywriting: creating ideas for advertising.
 Digital copywriting: describing the website menu, writing instructions for using the website, etc.
 Marketing copywriting: texts closely related to advertising and building brand awareness and customer engagement.
 SEO copywriting:includes the copywriting categories mentioned above, but additionally there is the aspect of SEO optimization of the texts.
 Technical copywriting: covers the production of all specialist texts requiring appropriate technical knowledge.
Examples 
 Nike's "Just Do It" - skyrocketed Nike's sales from $800 million to more than $9.2 billion, in just 10 years.
 California Milk Processor Board's "Got Milk?" - increased milk sales in California and has spawned a lot of parodies since its launch.
 Apple's "Get a Mac" - the Mac vs PC campaign generated 42% market share growth in its first year alone.

References 

Writing
Pamela Dawber (born October 18, 1951) is an American actress. She is best known for her lead television sitcom roles as Mindy McConnell in Mork & Mindy (1978–1982) and Samantha Russell in My Sister Sam (1986–1988).

References

1951 births
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Singers from Detroit
Actors from Detroit
The Lubyanka (Russian: Лубя́нка, IPA: [lʊˈbʲankə]) is the headquarters of the FSB and a prison on Lubyanka Square in  Moscow.  It was previously the national headquarters of the KGB; Soviet hammers and sickles can be seen on the building's façade.

Lubyanka was built on the spot where Catherine the Great had once headquartered her secret police.
Lubyanka was originally built in 1898 as the headquarters of the All-Russia Insurance Company. In Soviet days it became the place suspected traitors were taken for interrogation. 

The building became famous as the HQ of the KGB, both in reality and in novels and films. A prison on the ground floor of the building figures prominently in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's The Gulag Archipelago. 

This was where, successively, the Cheka, the OGPU, the NKVD and the KGB, did their work.

References 

Buildings and structures in Moscow
KGB
Walloon Lake is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Charlevoix County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 290.

References

Unincorporated communities in Michigan
Census-designated places in Michigan
Charlevoix ( ) is a city in Michigan. The population was 2,513 at the 2010 United States Census. It is the county seat of Charlevoix County.

References

County seats in Michigan
Cities in Michigan
Munising is a city in Alger County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 2,355 at the 2010 census.  It is the county seat of Alger County.

References

Cities in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
West Caldwell is a township located in the West Essex area in northwestern Essex County, New Jersey. It is about   west of Manhattan and  northwest of Newark. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 10,759.

References

Townships in New Jersey
Essex County, New Jersey
Bellaire is a village in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is the county seat of Antrim County.

References

Villages in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
Monosexism is the belief that monosexuality is superior over other sexual orientations, such as bisexuals, omnisexuals, polysexuals and pansexuals. Some people think that bisexuals are promiscuous.

It describes a specific discrimination that includes biphobia and panphobia as an extension of heterosexism, enforcing androphilia and gynephilia as an strict dichotomy.

Related pages 
Superiority bias

References 

Discrimination
Human sexuality