Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Before the fall of Troy, during the dawn of the War, King Priam sought to create an alliance with the strong Kingdom of Sparta in Northern Greece, to defend Troy when the war had begun. King Aeneas, or Helikaon as he was said to be known, King of Dardanos, was a good friend of Hektor and King Priam, and sided with the Trojans in the war. Unfortunately, on the journey back, after Hektor and Paris had forged an alliance in Sparta,  Paris took the wife of the King of Sparta, Princess Helen, without his consent, as they had fallen in love.  This ended the alliance,and Sparta eventually joined the fighting cause of King Agammenon.

References

Other websites

General
 Troy on the Internet  Educational website, University of Cincinnati
 The Identification of Troy  by Jan Sammer
 Troy -Citizendium

Archaeology
Hisarlık Troy 
Project Troia - The new excavations at Troy 
digital reconstructions of the city 
Greek, Roman and Byzantine Pottery at Ilion (Troia) 
Troy VII and the Historicity of the Trojan War
Photos
Photos from Troy
Troy pictures 
Livius.org: Troy and plain of Troy

Geography
the Troad  (with an image of a model of Troy II)
Geology corresponds with Homer’s description of ancient Troy, article by Neil Thomas on the University of Delaware site.

World Heritage Sites in Turkey
Ancient Greek cities
Çanakkale Province
Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are standards made by the United States Federal government for non-military government agencies and by government contractors to use, and they are announced to the public.

Many FIPS standards are modified versions of standards used in the wider community (ANSI, IEEE, ISO, etc.)

Standard Publications 
Some FIPS standards were originally developed by the U.S. government. For instance, standards for encoding data (e.g. country codes), but more significantly some encryption standards, such as the Data Encryption Standard (FIPS 46) and the Advanced Encryption Standard (FIPS 197).

Other websites 
 FIPS homepage
 FIPS resource center
 Computer Security Division 

Standards
A maggot is the common name of the larval phase of development in insects of the order Diptera (flies). Sometimes, the word is used to describe the larval stage of any insect.

Parasitic Maggots 
While large maggots only eat necrotic tissue in living animals and can be symbiotic, certain types of maggots are parasitic, like the Botfly larvae. These larvae spend part of their life cycle as parasites under the skin of living animals. As a result myiasis will take place in the host causing symptoms like sores and irritating lesions and even death.

Gallery

Other websites 
Maggot vending machines in the UK
Maggot Therapy Project - Website at the University of California, Irvine, list of maggot therapy practitioners
 suppliers of Medical Maggots (disinfected Phaenicia sericata larvae), picture of Medical Maggots vial
 BioTherapeutics Education and Research Foundation
Get rid of Maggots - Website with visitors' input on getting rid of maggots
Biotherapy with leeches and maggots

Related pages 
Flies
Flies
Developmental biology
Undertow is Tool's first full-length album, released in 1993. When this album was released, grunge music was at its most popular, and pop punk was slowly beginning to become popular. Undertow helped heavy metal music continue as a leading mainstream musical style, and allowed several later bands to break through to the mainstream. Allmusic saw the album's success in the "striking, haunting visuals that complemented the album's nihilistic yet wistful mood." It was eventually certified double platinum by the RIAA on May 14, 2001.

The album was recorded between October and December 1992 at Grand Master Studios, Hollywood, California, and includes songs that the band decided to not release on their previous EP, Opiate.

Track listing

CD
All songs written by Tool unless otherwise noted.
1. "Intolerance" – 4:53
2. "Prison Sex" – 4:56
3. "Sober" - 5:06
4. "Bottom" - 7.13 (Tool, Henry Rollins)
5. "Crawl Away" - 5:29
6. "Swamp Song" - 5:31
7. "Undertow" - 5:21
8. "4°" - 6:02
9. "Flood" - 7:45
69. "Disgustipated" - 15:47

"Disgustipated" is track 69 on most pressings in North America (causing most CD players upon reaching the end of track 9 to advance through tracks 10-68, which contain no data, at a rate of about 2 per second until track 69 is reached). It also appears as track 39, track 10 (mostly in Europe) or as a hidden track following "Flood" on track 9.
On certain Japanese imports, "Disgustipated" is track 70, with a short live version of "Flood" as track 71.
The exact breakdown of "Disgustipated" is as follows:

Percussion/Animal sounds - 0:00 - 1:10
Preacher - 1:11 - 2:32
Disgustipated - 2:33 - 6:45
Crickets - 6:46 - 13:50
Phone message - 13:51 - 15:47

LP

Side one
"Intolerance"
"Prison Sex"
"Sober"

Side two
"Bottom"
"Crawl Away"
"Swamp Song"

Side three
"Undertow"
"4°"
"Flood"
Side four
"Disgustipated"

Charting

Albums

Singles

Accolades

(*) designates unordered lists.

References 

1993 albums
Debut albums
Heavy metal albums
Tool (band) albums
Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom,  (Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore; 14 April 1857 – 26 October 1944), later Princess Henry of Battenberg, was a member of the British Royal Family. She was the youngest child of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe - Coburg and Gotha.

Other websites 

 Isle of Wight Beacon on Princess Beatrice 
 Information about Queen Victoria's journals
 Regiments page on Princess Beatrice 

1857 births
1944 deaths
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Bailiffs Grand Cross of the Order of St John
19th-century British people
20th-century British people
Xbox Live (trademarked as Xbox LIVE) is the online gaming service created by Microsoft for the Xbox, Xbox 360 and Xbox One. It costs about $50 USD per year (in America) and has over 31 million subscribers as of 2013. There are two versions of Xbox Live; Gold and Free. Free allows an online 'friends list' and downloads, but does not allow users to play games against other people online. Gold is the same as Free, but with the addition of online gaming and cost $50/£40 a year. Subscribers can pay with a credit card or by special cards which are bought in shops and enter the codes online.

Microsoft Points 

Microsoft Points or MS points was the previous currency of Xbox Live. In 2013 they changed it to actual currency such as Dollars or Euros. On Xbox Live you can buy many things ranging from movies to games to DLC. You can buy full games on Xbox 360 and Xbox One or Xbox Live Arcade games.

References

Other websites
Other websites

The Unofficial Guide To Live, The most popular independent Xbox Live support website for all things Xbox Live (NAT, IP Address Failed, Wireless...)

Xbox
Zanskar River has two branches of origin. One of them takes birth in Ropshu area and flowing west-ward reaches Zanskar town; see Zanskar Gorge. The other branch is formed from the waters of the glaciers of central Zanskar and flowing south-east reaches Padam. From this place it turns to the north and collecting the waters of Khurna River empties into the Indus River. Another stream called Zora flowing to the north from the southern frontiers, also joins Zanskar river.

Rivers of Pakistan
Tributaries of the Indus River
The Xbox Live Vision is a webcam designed for the Xbox 360 and Xbox Live.

Overview
The camera can be used for video chat, personalized gamer pictures, in-game video chat, and still pictures. The camera features 640 × 480 video at 30 fps and is capable of taking still images at 1.3 megapixels. It allows for video chat and picture messages using an Xbox Live Gold Subscription with video effects along with in-game compatibility.

It also features three camera effects, in which the currently captured video image is overlaid on the dashboard background. The three effects are 'watery', 'edgy', and 'dotty'. The camera uses a standard USB 2.0 connection and is also Windows (XP and newer) and Mac OS X (v10.4.9 and newer) compatible.
The Xbox Live Vision Camera was announced at E3 2006 and released in North America on September 19, 2006, following a 1-month pre-launch period in which Toys "R" Us stores in New York City and Los Angeles sold them to build up hype. It was released in Europe and Asia on October 6, 2006, and November 2, 2006 in Japan.

PC compatibility
The Vision Camera is compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 2 using USB 2.0 connection. It requires a microphone for audio when used on a PC. Drivers are not included with the Vision Camera–you must allow Windows to download them automatically when prompted. 

If the Vision Camera is not working and appears as a device in "Universal Serial Bus Controllers" in Device Manager, try the following:

 Go to Device Manager
 Go to USB Controllers, select the camera, right click, and choose Update Driver
 Choose "Install from Specific Location"
 Choose "Don't Search"
 Select USB Composite device
After a few seconds, the device will appear in "Imaging Devices."  In "USB Controllers" there will be an entry called "Microsoft Xbox 360 Live Vision Security Method 3."  This indicates the camera is installed and ready for use.

Mac OS X 10.4.9 added support for the USB "video class" group of peripherals, including Vision Camera. They work in iChat, Photo Booth and other applications that use Quicktime for video display, such as Skype. Connection over USB2 is also mandatory. 

The Vision Camera is also compatible with Sony's PlayStation 3 (requires firmware 1.54).

References

Other websites
 Xbox Live Vision , Xbox.com
 Xbox Live Membership levels explained on Xbox.com 
 Using Xbox Live Vision with Windows

Xbox

es:Xbox Live Vision
Arutunian Trumpet Concerto is Armenian composer Alexander Arutunian’s sixth major composition. It was written for the Soviet trumpet player Timofei Dokschitzer, who moved to the USA and represented the concerto there. According to J. Sundram, "it is an energetic powerhouse of Eastern European lyricism and harmonic textures". According to Philip Smith, the principal trumpet of the New York Philharmonic, Arutunian's Trumpet Concerto is too much popular among the trumpet players.

Movements
Arutiunian's Trumpet Concerto consists of the following movements:

 Andante—Allegro energico 
 Meno mosso 
 Tempo I
Discography
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Bernar Sustro, trumpet. Philharmonic Orchestra "Des Pays de la Loire". Conductor: Mark Sustro. PierreVerani. PV. 78801. France, 1987 
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Timofey Dokshitser. The Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra. Conductor: Gennady Rozhdestvensky. TD - 950101- AT 2000. Bulgaria 
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Jucko Kharyane, trumpet. Symphony orchestra "Kuopio". 
Conductor: Pekka Savidtsuki. Finland 
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. (Cadence by A. Sandoval). Arturo Sandoval, trumpet. 
The London Symphony orchestra. Conductor: Luis Has. RCA Victor 09026-62661-2. USA, 1994 
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. (Arrangement for trumpet and wind orchestra by Roger Harvey). James Watson, trumpet. "The Black Dyke Mills" Orchestra. Conductor: Roger Harvey. Doy CD 036. USA, 1994 
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Bebe Black, trumpet. The Moscow Chamber Orchestra. 
Conductor: Konstantin Orbelyan, Jr. CHAN 9668 England, 2000
Concerto of trumpet and orchestra. Harry Lidsle, trumpet. The Oulu Symphony orchestra. 
Conductor: Atso Almila. Mils 9651 Finland, 1996
LP
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Timofey Dokshitser, trumpet. The Orchestra of the Bolshoy Theatre. Conductor: Gennady Rojdestvenskiy. "Melodia"-Veb Deutsche Schall-platten, Berlin, DDR 
S. VI-02273 
 Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. "Melodia", Angel, SR-1-40149
 Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. "Melodia", C10-06785
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Performer: Vatslav Yunek. Prague Symphony orchestra De l'Office de Radiodifffusion Television Francaise. Conductor: Moris Suzan. STU 70714 A, France . 
 Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. STU 70915 B, France 
 Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. Victor (vic-2015), Japan 
 Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. S. Leonchik, trumpet. The Bolshoy Theatre Orchestra. Conductor: Boris Haykin. "Melodia", 33D-015506
Other websites 
 Arutunian Trumpet Concerto at YouTube
 Comparison between J. Haydn Trumpet Concerto in Eb and A. Arutiunian Trumpet Concerto in Ab 
 Arutunian Trumpet Concerto at YouTube

References

Concertos
Alexander Arutiunian (born September 23, 1920, Yerevan; died March 28, 2012) was an Armenian composer and pianist, widely-known particularly for his Trumpet concerto. He was awarded by the State Prizes of USSR (1949) and Armenia (1970), People's Artist of the USSR (1970) and Armenian SSR (1964) honorary titles, "St Mesrop Mashtots" and "Khorenatsi" Armenian medals, "Alexandrov" Gold medal (1976), "St Sahak and St Mesrop" Order by Holy Etchmiadzin (2004).

He graduated from the Music Conservatory of Yerevan, then he studied composition with Genrikh Litinsky. After graduation he returned to Yerevan to teach at the local Conservatory and later he became artistic director of the Armenian Philarmonic Orchestra.

In 1948 he was awarded the USSR State Prize for the Motherland cantata, a graduation piece he wrote as a student at the Moscow Conservatory. He has continued to win acclaim at home and abroad for his works, many of which are quickened by the folk traditions of Armenian music.
Some of Arutiunian's works for wind instruments, notably the 1950 concerto for trumpet, the concerto for tuba, and the brass quintet Armenian Scenes, have secured their place in the international repertory, having been performed by conductors such as Valeri Gergiev, who has recorded his Symphony for large orchestra, composed in 1957 with the Symphony orchestra of the Russian All-Union Radio. In 1988, he composed his Violin Concerto "Armenia-88".

Filmography

Music for Films 
 Nahapet (1977) (as Life Triumphs in USA)
 Za chas do rassveta (An Hour Before the Dawn, 1973, TV)
 Sirtn e yergum (The Heart Sings, 1957)
 Urvakannere heranum en lernerits (Ghosts Leave the Peaks, 1955)
 Aleph, lectures contades (2000) Italian TV episode (soundtrack: "Concerto for trombone and orchestra")

As Actor 
 Lalvari vorskane (Lalvar Hunter, 1967) as Zako

Other websites 
 www.alexanderarutiunian.com 
 List of works 
 Arutiunian's 85th Birthday Concert in Yerevan 
 Arutunian at IMDB

References
References 

1920 births
2012 deaths
Armenian composers
People from Yerevan
20th-century composers
21st-century composers
Pianists
Epicurus (Samos, 341 BC – Athens, 270 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher. He started a school of philosophy called Epicureanism.

Life 
As a boy he studied philosophy under the Platonist teacher Pamphilus for about four years. At the age of 18 he went to Athens for his two-year term of military service. Epicurus never married and had no children, so far as we know.

Teachings 

Epicurus helped in the development of science and the scientific method because he said that nothing should be believed except what we can test through direct observation and logical deduction. His ideas about nature and physics hinted at scientific concepts developed in modern times.

Works 
Epicurus' only surviving complete works are three letters, which can be found in book X of Diogenes Laertius' Lives of Eminent Philosophers, and two groups of quotes: the Principal Doctrines, reported as well in Diogenes' book X, and the Vatican Sayings, preserved in a manuscript from the Vatican Library.
Many pieces of his thirty-seven volume treatise On Nature have been found in the burnt papyrus fragments at the Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum.

References

Further reading
Bailey C. (1928) The Greek Atomists and Epicurus, Oxford.
Bakalis Nikolaos (2005) Handbook of Greek Philosophy: From Thales to the Stoics Analysis and Fragments, Trafford Publishing, 
Digireads.com The Works of Epicurus, January 2004.
Eugene O’ Connor The Essential Epicurus, Prometheus Books, New York 1993.
Edelstein Epicureanism, Two Collections of Fragments and Studies Garland Publ. March 1987
Farrington, Benjamin.  Science and Politics in the Ancient World, 2nd ed.  New York: Barnes and Noble, 1965.  A Marxist interpretation of Epicurus, the Epicurean movement, and its opponents.
Gottlieb, Anthony.  The Dream of Reason: A History of Western Philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance.  London: Penguin, 2001. 
Inwood, Brad, tr. The Epicurus Reader, Hackett Publishing Co, March 1994.
Oates Whitney Jenning, The Stoic and Epicurean philosophers, The Complete Extant Writings of Epicurus, Epictetus, Lucretius and Marcus Aurelius, Random House, 9th printing 1940.
Panicha, George A. Epicurus, Twayne Publishers, 1967
Prometheus Books, Epicurus Fragments, August 1992.
Russel M. Geer Letters, Principal Doctrines, Vatican Sayings, Bobbs-Merrill Co, January 1964.
Diogenes of Oinoanda. The Epicurean Inscription, edited with Introduction, Translation and Notes by Martin Ferguson Smith, Bibliopolis, Naples 1993.
Other websites 
Epicurus.info  – Epicurean Philosophy Online: features classical e-texts & photos of Epicurean artifacts.
Epicurus.net – Epicurus and Epicurean Philosophy
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy – Entry for "Epicurus"
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy – Entry for "Epicurus"
Epicurus & Lucretius – Small article by "P. Dionysius Mus"
 The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature – Karl Marx’s doctoral thesis.
 "Epicurus on Happiness"  – A documentary about the philosophy of Epicurus.
 Principal Doctrines 
 Vatican Sayings 
 The Garden of Epicurus – useful summary of the teachings of Epicurus
 Letters
 Letter to Herodotus 
 Letter to Pythocles 
 Letter to Menoeceus 

Ancient Greek philosophers
The 00 and 1 Dalmatians, or The Great Dog Robbery is a 1956 children's novel by Dodie Smith.  The story is about Cruella de Vil and her plans to skin 101 Dalmatian puppies to make a fur coat. The puppies are rescued by other animals. Disney released an animated movie in 1961 based on the book as 101 Dalmatians. The book has been published as 101 Dalmatians. Smith wrote a sequel to the book called The Starlight Barking.

References 

English children's books
101 Dalmatians
1956 books
Books about dogs
101 Dalmatians may mean:

 The Hundred and One Dalmatians, a 1956 novel written by Dodie Smith
 One Hundred and One Dalmatians, a 1961 Walt Disney animated movie
 101 Dalmatians (1996 movie), a 1996 live-action remake of the Walt Disney movie
 101 Dalmatians: The Series, a Disney television series that aired from 1997-1998
 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure, an animated sequel to the 1961 Disney movie

Related pages 
 102 Dalmatians, a sequel to the 1996 movie released in November 2000.

Animated television series
English-language television programs
Coulomb's law is a function developed in the 1780s by physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. It explains how strong the force will be between two electrostatic charges. Electrostatic means electric charges without any motion.

Direction 

Let's think of two electric charges existing in an empty space. If the two charges are opposite, (+) and (-) charges for example, they will attract each other. And if two charges are both the same, both (+) or both (-) for example, they will push each other. This is similar to how magnets act, as N and S attract each other, and as N and N, S and S push each other.

This is because electric charges make an electric field. If two fields exist in the same space at the same time, then the two fields exert (~ put) force on each other. The force they make on each other is called 'Coulomb's force' or the electrostatic force. Coulomb's law explains how big the force will be.
Scale 
Coulomb's law explains the scale between two electric charges.
The scale of electrostatic force follows the function below.

Coulomb's law explains that the force scale F is relative to ratio of ,.

 and  are the scales of each electric charge.  is the distance between the two electric charges. And  has a certain value. It does not change relative to ,  or . While  remains constant, when multiples of  and  become bigger, the electrostatic force will also get bigger. When the distance  becomes bigger, the electrostatic force will become smaller by the ratio of .
The exact size of  is

N m2 C−2 (or m F−1). This constant is called Coulomb's force constant or the electrostatic force constant.
Inverse-square law 
The relation between the force of pushing or pulling (F) and the distance between the particles () follows the Inverse-square Law. Inverse-square law means that when the distance  grows bigger, the force gets weaker by the ratio . Gravitation, Electromagnetic radiation, and sound loudness also follow this law.

Related pages 
 Coulomb, the SI unit of electric charge named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
 Inverse-square law, the physical law that shows the relation between distance and Intensity.
 Electrostatic
 Magnetic

Other websites 
 Coulomb's Law on Project PHYSNET.
 A maze game for teaching Coulomb's Law 

Electricity
Laws of physics
Snow White can mean:

Literature 
 Snow White, title character of various popular fairy tales
 Snow White, a title character in Snow White and Rose-Red, a fairy tale unrelated to the Snow White listed above
 Snow White (Fables), a character in the comic book Fables, created by Bill Willingham as an amalgam of the two characters mentioned above
 Snow White, a 1967 novel by Donald Barthelme
 Snow White, a 1987 novelization by Suzanne Weyn

Movies 
 Snow White (1916 movie), a Famous Players-Lasky Corporation silent movie
 Snow White (1933 movie), a cartoon with Betty Boop, from Fleischer Studios
 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 movie), a feature-length animated movie produced by Walt Disney
  Snow White (1987 movie), a 1987 movie
  The Legend of Princess Snow White,an anime production
 Snow White: A Tale of Terror, a 1997 movie
 Snow White (TV film), a 2001 TV movie
 Snow White (2005 movie), a modern adult drama set in Zurich, Switzerland
Other 
 History of IBM#1960–1968: The System/360 era|IBM and its major mainframe competitors in the 1960s, who were sometimes referred to as "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs"
 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (ballet)
 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1912 play), a Broadway play
 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1979 musical), a Broadway musical based on the 1937 film
 Schneewittchen (opera), a 1998 opera by Heinz Holliger
  Snow White design language,a design profile used for a number of Apple computers
  Operation Snow White,an infiltration effort perpetrated by the Church of Scientology against the United States of America
 Snow White (horse)
 Snow White (album), a 2007 album by Corinna Fugate
In Irish mythology, a leprechaun () is a type of male fairy said to live in the island Ireland. They are a class of fairy folk" in Irish mythology and folklore, as with all fairies, with the Tuatha Dé Danann

They usually form into the look of old men and who enjoy doing trouble. They are said to be very rich, having many treasure crocks buried during war-time. Legend says, if someone looks at one of them, the leprechaun cannot escape, but the moment the person looks away, he disappears.

Other websites 
 The Leprechaun Companion (an illustrated guide)

Irish culture
Legendary creatures
The Greater Middle East (also known as "The New Middle East") is a political term that groups together various countries, related to the Arab world with Iran and Turkey, marginal countries such as Pakistan and Afghanistan.  Various Central Asian countries and the lower Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia) and Cyprus and Greece are sometimes also included. Some speakers may use the term to denote areas with significant Muslim majorities, but this usage is not universal. The countries and Territories of the GME are as the following:

  Afghanistan
  Algeria
  Armenia
  Azerbaijan
  Djibouti
  Eritrea
  Georgia
  Kazakhstan
  Kyrgyzstan
  Libya
  Mauritania
  Morocco
  Pakistan
  Tajikistan
  Tunisia
  Turkmenistan
  Uzbekistan

Asia
Middle East
The Asian snake-eyed skink (Ablepharus pannonicus) is a species of skink. It lives in the Caucasus Mountains and the Greater Middle East. It is a small skink, with a body color that can be brown or copper green, and some have a white stripe along their side. Like a snake, it does not have moveable eyelids.

References

Lizards
Reptiles of Asia
Reptiles of Pakistan
Crosswords DS (also known as CrossworDS) is a crosswords video game made by Nuevo Retro Games and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS game console. It has three games - Crosswords, Word search, and Anagrams.

Other websites
 IGN web page for Crosswords DS 

Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Puzzle video games
Fedora Unity is a community project to build comprehensive and concise websites and content that provide Fedora users and contributors with quality information.

All submissions to the project are covered by the Open Publication License (with no options) unless otherwise noted in order to allow submission to the Fedora Documentation Project.

Re-spins 
The Fedora Unity project produces ISO images for i386 and x86_64 architectures that are available as Jigdo downloads, containing slipstreamed installation media.

Last release: 20080720 launched, July of 2008, it includes Fedora 9 plus all updates as of July 18th, 2008.

Other websites 
 http://fedoraunity.org/ 
 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/
 http://torrent.fedoraunity.org/ 

Websites
Linux
Picross DS is a puzzle video game made by Jupiter and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS game console.

Reception

Picross DS got many great reviews. IGN gave it a 9.0/10 and an Editor's Choice Award. The magazine said the game was one of the most addictive games for the Nintendo DS. They liked it for its downloadable puzzles, create-a-puzzle mode, and the number of puzzles to play. They said that the game's biggest mistake was that it penalized the player for missing by adding time, but doesn't count how many times the player misses.

2007 video games
Nintendo DS-only games
Puzzle video games
A text box is a box that people type things into the computer.

Computer terminology
Writing tools
Type may mean:

In philosophy:
A type is a category of being
Type-token distinction
Type theory, basis for the study of type systems

In mathematics:
Type (model theory)
Type or Arity, the number of operands a function takes
Type, any proposition or set in the Intuitionistic type theory

In computing:
Data type, collection of values used for computations
Type (command), a shell command.
Type system, defines a programming language's response to data types

In sociology:
Ideal type
Normal type
Typification

Other:
Type (band), name of Portuguese DJ and musician Cyz (Cynthia Zamorano)
Typeface, used in typesetting
Typing, Pressing buttons (keys) on a keyboard to enter text
Architectural type, classification of architecture by functional types (houses, institutions), morphological types or historical types
The yellowchair performance experience, a theatre company often abbreviated to TYPE
Dog type, categorisation by use or function of domestic dogs
Biological type, which fixes a scientific name to a taxon
Related pages 
Kind
A free agent is a professional sports player who is not part of a specific team, especially whose contract has expired with the team he or she was on. That player can then sign a new contract with any team.

Sports words
An out in baseball happens to the batter or his teammates on the field in a game. When a player is out, they leave the field, and when there are 3 outs, the other team goes up to bat. One way to get an out is if a baseball is caught while in the air and before it touches the ground after being hit by the batter. Another way is to strike out. To strike out you have to either miss the ball or not swing at good pitches three times while batting. Tag outs and force outs are the other main ways players get out.

Related pages 
 Out (cricket)

References 

Baseball rules
A run in baseball is when a player on a team scores a point. It can be a walked in run, a batted run, or a home run.

Baseball rules
Maxis Software is an American company that was founded as a video game developer and is now a brand name of Electronic Arts (EA). Maxis' second software title was SimCity, a city simulation and planning game. Maxis is also the creator of the best-selling computer game of all time, The Sims and its sequel The Sims 2 and a title called Spore in which you guide a creature from cell form to smart, developed creatures. These four titles and their related products are the brand's most popular and successful lines.

Most Maxis titles are simulation-based, though none are considered traditional simulations. Maxis founder Will Wright likens them as "digital dollhouses." Maxis has also released games developed by other production houses, such as A-Train and SimTower.
Acquisition by EA 
Electronic Arts (EA) completed its acquisition of Maxis on July 28, 1997. EA kept some of the original staff, including Will Wright. Products were shipped under the Maxis logo for several years until 2004, when The Sims 2 had only the Electronic Arts logo on the box cover. As of October 18 2006, with the release of The Sims 2: Pets expansion pack, the Maxis title has been removed from the game's start. Also, up until The Sims 2: FreeTime, the logo of Maxis was used for a button in the Options panel of the game to display the credits. In FreeTime, the Maxis logo was replaced by a symbol of the Sims plumbob.

American video game companies
Underwater is a term telling what is below the surface of a body of water such as an ocean, sea, lake, pond, or river. Most of the planet Earth is covered by water. The bottom of the ocean is called the sea-bed. Most of the sea-bed is between  below the surface of the ocean. Just like the Earth's dry land, the sea-bed also has mountains, valleys and flat plains, although they are covered with water. The deepest part of all the world's oceans is a place called the Challenger Deep, which is in the Mariana Trench. It is  under the sea.

Although a number of human activities happen underwater, such as scuba diving for work or recreation, or even warfare with submarines, most of the oceans, especially the deepest parts, have not been explored yet.

References 

Water
Hereford cattle are a widely used breed in temperate areas, mainly for beef production.

Originally from Herefordshire, England, they are found in the temperate parts of Australia. The breed also enjoys great popularity among ranchers in the desert American Southwest of the United States, as well as in the centre and east of Argentina and in Uruguay. Herefords made up the largest percentage of registered cows among herders in New Zealand. This is a testament to the hardiness of the breed; while originating in cool, moist Britain, they have thrived in much harsher climates. The breed has adapted to a wide range of climates on nearly every continent.

Hornless variants with the polled gene are known as the Polled Herefords. Breeding horned and hornless together functions as a genetic dehorner. This is often used as an alternative to a dehorning process, which causes stress and often weight loss.

References

Cattle breeds
Beef cattle are cattle raised for meat production (as distinguished from dairy cattle). The meat of cattle is known as beef. While the principal use of beef cattle is meat production, other uses include leather, and products used in shampoo and cosmetics. The plural beeves, when referring to such meat-animals (of either sex), is well known in the American cattle industry, but is often restricted to steers.

Cattle
The Roman army is the military of ancient Rome, the forces used by the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later Roman Empire. Its infantry for much of its history was the Roman legion. Rome also had a navy. The size of the army in the late Roman Empire was about 128,000  179,200 men. It was very well organized. The main Roman soldiers in the Empire were the legionaries. The legions were separated into centuries, made up of 80 soldiers and 20 other men who remained in the camp to cook and do other chores.

Other soldiers in the army were called the auxilia. Auxilia were non-citizens who mainly came from the Roman provinces. They were paid less than legionaries and did not usually wear armor but at the end of their service, which was a minimum of 25 years, they were given Roman citizenship.

The army had cavalry units called Equites. Their men were rich enough to have horses and more expensive weapons. Being few, they were less important in battle than the infantry.

Weapons and equipment
The soldiers of the Roman army wore helmets and body protection. In the early to mid-Republican era, legionaries usually bought their own equipment. Hastati, the first line of soldiers, usually had breastplates, called a cuirass, and some wore lorica hamata, or chainmail. The richer principes, the second line of soldiers, could afford lorica hamata but they were sometimes seen wearing the cheaper cuirasses. Both hastati and principes were each armed with a gladius – a short, 60 centimeter (two foot) sword, and each had two pila – short spears.

The third line of soldiers, the Triarii, had a hasta, a two meter long spear. They were also armed with the gladius and had an early form of the lorica segmenta or iron band armor. All legionaries had a large rectangular shield, the scutum, which had rounded corners.
By the late Republican period, all legionaries carried a gladius, two pila, a new, larger scutum, and wore chainmail. Lorica segmentata was only commonly worn between the 2nd and 3rd century.
Larger weapons such as the ballista (large crossbow) and the Onager (catapult) were used in larger battles.

From the Second Punic War onward, Roman armies had units of non-Italian mercenaries, such as Numidian light cavalry, Cretan archers, and Balearic slingers. Roman armies had previously lacked these kinds of troops.

Training 
The main thing a member of the Roman Army needed was athletic ability. Soldiers were expected to march about 36 km (24 miles) in five hours. They also had to be fit to fight well and cope with any injuries.

New soldiers would do two sessions of military drill and give their oath of loyalty to their Commander and Emperor. Every day the whole of the legion would practice running, jumping, sword fighting and javelin throwing.

References 

Military of ancient Rome
Armies
Tierpark Hagenbeck (translated as "Animal park of Hagenbeck") is the name of the largest zoo in Hamburg, Germany. The park was founded by Carl Hagenbeck in 1907. His father was a fishmonger (a person who buys and sells fish). It was the first zoo in the world to use moats (a moat is a large hole or trench. Animals do not dare cross it).
This was done instead of using cages with bars, so the animals would feel more at home. 

Bombs in the Second World War completely destroyed the zoological garden. With much help from the founding family, it was rebuilt after the war. Two Indian elephants helped to clear the rubble in the zoo.

There are 210 different species in the Tierpark Hagenbeck. The sadness is the only swan which is almost completely black, the Mourning swan. There are also mandrills and baby elephants but no tapirs. There is breeding for orangutans, North Chinese leopards and giant otters from South America.

References

Buildings and structures in Hamburg
Zoos in Germany
Ronno is a village in the Rhône department of central-eastern France.

Communes in Rhône
Ultamatix is a computer program to install other programs on Ubuntu and Debian-based distributions.

History 
Since the development of Automatix has ended, Ultamatix was developed to provide user an easy way to install software on their Ubuntu systems.

Supported software 
Many software/features can be installed with Ultamatix, including programs such as the Flash plugin, Adobe Reader, multimedia codecs (including MP3, Windows Media Audio and video-DVD support), fonts, programming software (compilers) and games.

Related pages
Getdeb

Other websites
Ubuntu extras remix , a version of Ubuntu that already includes ubuntu-restricted-extras

Linux software
Cover can have more than one meaning:
 Cover (combat technique), a defensive movement
 Cover version, a new performance or recording of a song 
 Something that is put over something, like a lid. 
 The outside of a book
In calculus, a branch of mathematics, the limit of a function is the behavior of a certain function near a selected input value for that function. Limits are one of the main calculus topics, along with derivatives,  integration, and differential equations.

Definition of the limit 

The definition of the limit is as follows:
If the function  approaches a number  as  approaches a number , then 

The notation for the limit above is read as "The limit of  as  approaches  is ", or alternatively,  as   (reads " tends to  as  tends to "). Informally, this means that we can make  as close to  as possible—by making  sufficiently close to  from both sides (without making  equal to ).

Imagine we have a function such as . When ,   is undefined, because . Therefore, on the Cartesian coordinate system, the function  would have a vertical asymptote at . In limit notation, this would be written as:

The limit of  as  approaches  is , which is denoted by
Right and left limits 
For the function , we can get as close to  in the -values as we want, so long as we do not make  equal to . For instance, we could make x=.00000001 or -.00000001, but never 0. Therefore, we can get  as close as we want to , but without reaching it. The left limit is any value that approaches the limit from numbers less than the number, and the right limit is any value that approaches the limit from number greater than the limit number. For instance, in the function , since the limit for  is 0, if , it approaches the limit from the right. If we instead choose -1, we say it approaches the limit from the left.

Related pages 

 Derivative (mathematics), a quantity defined as a limit of slopes
 Infinity
 Limit of a sequence

References 

Calculus
Mathematical analysis
Brian Hugh Warner (born January 5, 1969 in Canton, Ohio), better known by his stage name Marilyn Manson, is an American singer, artist and actor. He is known for his stage name and image as the lead singer of the band named after him. His stage name was formed from the names of actress Marilyn Monroe and murderer, Charles Manson.

Manson is best known for the music he made in the 1990s. Many people thought he was a bad influence on children because of his music. Three of his band's albums have been certified platinum by the RIAA. Manson has been nominated for five Grammy Awards. Four of them were with his band. One of them was for working on Donda with Kanye West.

In February 2021, Manson was accused of sexual and physical abuse by many women and men, including his ex-fiancée Evan Rachel Wood.
Discography
All with the band:
Portrait of an American Family (1994)
Antichrist Superstar (1996)
Mechanical Animals (1998)
 Holy Wood (In the Shadow of the Valley of Death) (2000)
The Golden Age of Grotesque (2003)
Eat Me, Drink Me (2007)
The High End of Low (2009)
Born Villain (2012)
The Pale Emperor (2015)

References

1969 births
Living people
American rock singers
Actors from Canton, Ohio
Singers from Ohio
American rock guitarists
American singer-songwriters
Musicians from Ohio
Writers from Ohio
American poets
American keyboardists
American rock drummers
American heavy metal musicians
American heavy metal singers
American painters
American movie actors
American television actors
Interscope Records artists
Musicians from Canton, Ohio
Move may mean:
 Motion, Movement
 Moving, Mover
 Moving Company
 migration, immigration, emigration
 Prime mover
 Remove

Science 
 Strategy (game theory)
 Move α (linguistics)

Government, law and politics
 motion (legal)
 motion (democracy)
 motion (parliamentary procedure)

computing
 mv (move), a Unix command
 Move (command), a shell command.
 MOV an x86 assembly language instruction

Organizations and brands
 MOVE, a Philadelphia-based organization
 Move.com, an online real estate company
 Daihatsu Move
 MOVE (Hungary), an early Hungarian fascist group
 M.O.V.E. Inc., a New York City based nonprofit organization

Music
 "Move", a single by Thousand Foot Krutch from The Art of Breaking
 m.o.v.e, a Japanese musical group
 The Move, a 1960s rock band
 The Move (album), their debut album
 Move Records, a record label

Personal name
 Daniil Move, a Russian auto racing driver

Basic English 850 words
Admiral Arthur Phillip RN (11 October 1738 – 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer. Phillip was made Governor of New South Wales, the first European colony in Australia, which is now the city of Sydney.

Early life
Arthur (Kriddler) Phillip was born in Moscow, Russia in 1738. His father was a German-born language teacher, Jacob Phillip. His mother, Elizabeth Breach, was English, and the widow of a navy captain. Phillip went to a school for poor boys at the Greenwich Hospital. At the age of 13 he joined the merchant navy. Phillip joined the Royal Navy at 15. He saw action during the Seven Years' War in the Mediterranean at the Battle of Minorca in 1756. In 1762 he was promoted to Lieutenant. When the war ended in 1763 he was put on half pay. He got married and became a farmer in Lyndhurst, Hampshire. He separated from his wife about six years later.
In 1774 Phillip joined the Portuguese Navy as a captain. He served in the Spanish-Portuguese War, 1776–1777. Phillip took a group of convict ships from Portugal to Brazil. This trip was a success because not many people died. This may have been one of the reasons Phillip was asked to led the expedition to Australia. In 1778 England was at war again, and Phillip was recalled to active service. In 1779 he was given his first command, the ship  Basilisk. He was promoted to captain in 1781, and given command of the Ariadne. In 1782 he was captain of the Europe with his friend Philip Gidley King as his lieutenant. They sailed to India. In 1784 he was back on half pay in England. He spent time in southern France and in 1786 was doing survey work for the Royal Navy.
The First Fleet
In October 1786, Phillip was made Governor of New South Wales. The British government wanted to start a penal colony (prison) on the east coast of Australia. Phillip knew about farming, and had taken prisoners to Brazil for the Portuguese. This made him a good choice to be leader. Phillip had a very hard time getting the ships ready for the eight month sea voyage to Australia. He had to take everything that the new colony might need. Phillip had no real idea of what he might find when he got there. There wasn't much money to buy things. He wanted people who knew about farming, building and making things, but this was rejected. Most of the 772 convicts (prisoners) were thieves from the city area of London. Phillip also took a group of marines (soldiers) and small group of officers who were to help him run the new colony.
The First Fleet, of 11 ships, sailed on 13 May 1787. The first ship, HMS Supply,  reached Botany Bay on 18 January 1788. Phillip soon decided that this site, picked by Sir Joseph Banks, was not suitable. It had poor soil, no safe place to leave the ships, and no drinking water. Phillip decided to go north to Port Jackson. On 26 January 1788 (this day is now called Australia Day) the marines and convicts landed at Sydney Cove. It was a successful trip, as only 40 convicts had died. Phillip named Sydney after Lord Sydney.

Sydney Cove
Sydney Cove

The first years of the settlement were very hard. They only had the supplies they brought with them. They had to start growing their own food, but the soil around Sydney was poor. They didn't know about the climate, how much rain or when it would fall for example. Very few of the convicts knew anything about farming or growing food. They did not have enough farming tools. The convicts did not want to be farm workers. The colony was in danger of starvation for long time. The soldiers, who didn't like being given orders in many cases, did not think it was their job to make the convicts work. Phillip had to put some convicts in charge (overseers) to get the other convicts working. This was the start of the process of making some convicts free which led to the reforms of Lachlan Macquarie after 1811. As Governor of the new settlement, Phillip had complete power over the eastern half of Australia.
Phillip soon had problems with the soldiers in the penal colony. Life in Sydney was difficult, without proper houses and not enough food. The officer in charge of the soldiers, Major Robert Ross, wanted to give up the settlement and go back to England. Ross complained about Phillip and wrote letters to the government in England about him. The soldiers thought they should be given land and other benefits. They thought they should be given more food than the convicts, but Phillip believed everyone should have an equal share. Ross and the soldiers believed that they were in Australia to protect the settlement from being attacked by other countries. They did not think that their work included guarding the convicts. Ross who was a soldier, did not think he should have to take orders from Phillip, who was a navy man. In March 1790, Phillip finally sent Ross to be in charge of the colony on Norfolk Island. The British government continued to send out convicts, there were over 4000 in Sydney by 1792
. Food still needed to be brought in as the colony could not yet grow enough. Phillip began giving small grants of land to ex-convicts to start farms around Parramatta, New South Wales.
Return to England
On 11 December 1792 Phillip left to go back to England. He needed medical treatment for a pain in his side. The pain was kidney pain from eating so much salted food. He planned to return to Australia, but on medical advice he resigned as Governor and stayed in England. He married Isabella Whitehead in 1794. He eventually got better and in 1796 returned to the navy as a captain. He was in charge of the Alexander, and later the 74 gun battleship, Swiftshore. In January 1799 he was made a Rear Admiral of the Blue, and put in charge of the Sea Fencibles. Their job was to defend England against Napoleon. He retired from active service in 1805. He had a number of strokes which left him partly paralysed. He died at Bath, on 31 August 1814, after falling from a third floor window. He was buried at the church of St.Nicholas, Bathampton.

Lost
Lost

In 2007 Geoffrey Robertson QC found that Phillip's remains are no longer in the church. It is not known where they are. It is believed they were lost while the church was being repaired in the 1970s. Robertson believes that it is an insult to Phillip that he wasn't buried in one of England's cathedrals. He wants the remains of Phillip found and brought back to Australia.

References

Other websites
 Arthur Phillip's instructions from the British Government
 Arthur Phillip in South America, and why the First Fleet was so welcomed on the way to Botany Bay

1738 births
1814 deaths
British admirals
Governors of New South Wales
Politicians from London
William Laird "Bill" Cowher (born May 8, 1957) is a former American football coach and player.  He coached the Pittsburgh Steelers for 15 seasons.  He is an analyst for The NFL Today. He won his only Super Bowl when the Pittsburgh Steelers beat the Seattle Seahawks.

References

National Football League coaches
American football linebackers
Philadelphia Eagles players
Cleveland Browns players
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
1957 births
Living people
The Halting problem is a problem in computer science. The problem is looking at a computer program and finding out if the program is going to run forever or not. We say that a program "solves the halting problem" if it can look at any other program and tell if that other program will run forever or not.

For example, a program like this:

  while True: continue;

will loop forever, but the program

  while False: continue; 

stops very quickly.

Is there a program that solves the halting problem? It turns out there is not. We prove this fact by showing that if there is a program that solves the halting problem then something impossible happens. So for the moment we will act like there really is a program that solves the halting problem. Here, P is a function which will evaluate function F (called with argument I) and return true if it runs forever and false otherwise.

  def P(F, I):
    if F(I) runs forever:
      return True;
    else:
      return False;