Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Hornets are the largest of the social wasps. They can reach up to 55mm (5.5 cm, 2.2in) in length. The true hornets make up the genus Vespa. True hornets can be distinguished from other vespines by the form of their head. Hornets live in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. They live in warm and wet forests, and in desert climates. They do not occur in climates where it is cold all year round.

Life-cycle
First a queen starts to build a nest. This depends on the weather. In North America this happens in spring. As the hornet that starts to build the nest, she is the architect of the nest's design. In the built space she will lay eggs. These hatch, and become larvae. The queen will feed the first larvae, until they make a cocoon. After transforming, they will become the first workers. These will do most of the work. The workers will build a hierarchy amongst themselves.

If the space where the nest is built becomes too small, the colony will move to another spot.
In autumn young queens will hatch. Young males will hatch from unfertilized eggs. These males are called drones. The young queens will build a cocoon to spend the winter, once they have been fertilized. All the other animals will die with the first frost.

Prey
Hornets and yellowjackets are good for gardens. This is because their prey is mostly made of insects which are considered pests. They also feed on bees, but their colonies only last for a year, they die in winter. A medium-sized colony, made of 300-400 animals will need about 500g  (half a kilo, 1 lb) of food per day, during the high season, that is in the summer months. Animals hunted include flies, wasps, bees, locusts, beetles, caterpillars, dragonflies and spiders.

Hornets and other animals

Animals called hornets

Hornets are often confused with yellowjackets. Yellowjackets are smaller, and their coloring is different. They are bright yellow and black.
Yellowjackets are attracted to the sweetness of human foods, especially in autumn. Hornets feed on live insects, this sweetness does not attract them.

Some other large wasps are sometimes referred to as hornets. This is particularly true  for the bald-faced hornet in North America.  The bald-faced hornet is mostly black and white in coloring. This is very different from the black-and-yellow coloring of other wasps.  It is set apart by its black and ivory coloration. The name "hornet" is used for this and related species mainly because of their habit to make aerial nests (similar to the true hornets') rather than the nests underground the wasps use. Another example is the Australian hornet, which is actually a species of potter wasp.
Animals that look like hornets
There are some animals that have changed their appearance to look like hornets. In these case, looking like a hornet is a defense for the animal, because it will be attacked less often. These animals include the Lunar Hornet Moth, the Hornet Moth, the Hornet Mimic Hoverfly. This behaviour is called Batesian mimicry

Animals living with hornets
There is a kind of beetle, called Velleius dilatatus that lives with hornet nests. It lives from the leftovers of the hornets' food, and from dead hornets. It finds hornet nests with its very good sense of smell.

Hornets and people

Dealing with flying hornets
Flying hornets which are hunting and which are not close to their nest will usually not sting, unless they feel threatened. They should not be squeezed; making a breeze at them can also irritate them and make them feel threatened.
Hornets hunt when there is only little light available - humans will call it darkness. Like other insects they are attracted to light. If possible, the light should be extinguished for a short time. The hornets will then continue as usual. If it is not possible to put out the light, a glass jar can be used to catch the hornet. With a paper under the glass, the hornet can then be transported to a safe place away from that light where it can be released.

Dealing with hornet nests
Hornets will defend their nest, or hive. Depending on the species of hornet, they will do this in a radius of between . Concussions within that radius should be avoided. If they are disturbed often, they will make this radius bigger. There are specially trained people who can move hornet nests - note that in many parts of Europe, the hornet is an endangered species; killing a hornet, destroying or disturbing a hornet nest can lead to a fine.
Stings
Hornets have a stinger. They use this to kill prey, and to defend themselves. 
Hornet stings can be very painful, but they are not more dangerous than the stings of other wasps or bees. With every sting, there is the danger of an allergic reaction and of shock after this reaction. Also, stings in the area of the mouth can make breathing difficult, or impossible.

People who are allergic develop an Anaphylaxis - an allergic reaction. This can be fatal, if it is not treated immediately with Epinephrine (also known as Adrenaline).

Hornets can alert the whole nest. This means that all workers there will defend it. This can lead to a dangerous situation. One sting of a hornet is not dangerous;  with 200 to 250 of them, the situation is different.

References

Other websites 

 Controlling Wasps, Hornets, and Yellowjackets 
 Hornets & Yellowjackets 
 Yellowjackets and Other Social Wasps
 Vespidae of the World 

Wasps
In Egyptian mythology, Geb is the god of the earth. Geb is the husband and brother of the sky goddess Nut and the father of Osiris, Isis, Nephthys,  Horus the Elder, and Set. When Seth and Horus (Osiris' son) fought to become the king of Egypt, Geb made Horus the ruler of the living. Geb's parents are Tefnut and Shu. Geb and Nut together formed the permanent boundary between the primeval waters and the newly created world. The ancient Egyptians believed that earthquakes were Geb's laughter. 

The animals of Geb are a snake and a goose (a goose is sometimes depicted on Geb's head). Geb is sometimes equivalent to Greek titan Kronos.Geb is also god of vegetation.  Geb is part of the second generation in the Ennead (group of nine gods) of Heliopolis. 

He was the third divine ruler among the gods; the human pharaohs claimed to be descended from him, and the royal throne was referred to as “the throne of Geb.”
Family 
The story of how Shu, Geb, and Nut were separated in order to create the cosmos is now being interpreted in more human terms; exposing the hostility and sexual jealousy. Between the father-son jealousy and Shu rebelling against the divine order, Geb challenges Shu's leadership. Geb takes Shu's wife, Tefnut, as his chief queen, separating Shu from his sister-wife. Just as Shu had previously done to him. In the book of the Heavenly Cow, it is implied that Geb is the heir of the departing sun god. After Geb passed on the throne to Osiris, his son, he then took on a role of a judge in the Divine Tribunal of the gods.
In the Heliopolitan Ennead (a group of nine gods created in the beginning by the one god Atum or Ra), Geb is the husband of Nut, the sky or visible daytime and nightly firmament, the son of the earlier primordial elements Tefnut (moisture) and Shu ('emptiness'), and the father to the four lesser gods of the system – Osiris, Seth, Isis and Nephthys. In this context, Geb was believed to have originally been engaged with Nut and had to be separated from her by Shu, god of the air. Consequently, in mythological depictions, Geb was shown as a man reclining, sometimes with his phallus still pointed towards Nut. Geb and Nut together formed the permanent boundary between the primeval waters and the newly created world.
Worship 
In Geb’s temple, priests fed him everyday like many of the other gods. When gifts were given, people were allowed to go to the gate or the forecourt. The priests would collect gifts that the ordinary Egyptians gave to the gods. Priests would pray to honor Geb for the people who came to the temple. The temple was made out of big stone columns that supported a great big hall. There were also very big gates that opened up to the Great Hall. The rooms or chambers were lit by candles, and incense would make the rooms smell nice and clean the air in the temple. The chambers gradually decreased in size as priests went in and created a mysterious feeling. The priests then found the chapel in the shrine, which contained the Naos (a naos is a small shrine) which had the statue of Geb.

Physical appearance
Geb’s symbol was a goose and his skin was sometimes green, representing the Nile River or black representing rich soil for vegetation. Geb was depicted as a man wearing the crown of the North and other times he wore the crown of the South of Egypt. Geb also sometimes wore a white crown or a goose on his head representing the earth. Geb held a staff in his left hand and in his right hand he usually held an ankh, which is the hieroglyph that meant life. Not only did Geb wear a goose on top of his head but sometimes his would be covered by a goose head.

Names
Geb was so powerful that when he laughed, he made earthquakes start. That is why he was named the Great Cackler. Just like other gods, Geb was very strong and could live a long time. To show his powers for making life from the earth, Geb is sometimes drawn with flowers coming out of his elbow. He had many names which were Geb, Gebb, Seb, Sebb, Keb, and Kebb.

References
References 

 Remler, Pat. Egyptian Mythology A to Z
 Ackroyd Peter. Kingdom of the Dead
 Nardo, Don. Egyptian Mythology
 DiBiasi-Kay, Jennifer

Egyptian gods and goddesses
A sting is an injury which a person receives from a stinger. Animals such as bees have them. They tend to hurt a lot and have several different cures.

Sting may also refer to:
Sting, English singer
Sting (wrestler), American professional wrestler
Type O Negative was a doom metal band from Brooklyn, New York. The band was started in 1989 and ended in 2010.

Members 
Josh Silver – Keyboards, synthesizer, sound effects, programming and backing vocals
Kenny Hickey – Lead guitars, rhythm guitars and backing vocals
Johnny Kelly – Drums, percussion and backing vocals

Past members
Peter Steele – Lead vocals, bass guitar, guitar and keyboards (died 14 April 2010)
Sal Abruscasto - Drums, persussion and backing vocals

Albums 
Slow, Deep And Hard (1991)
The Origin Of The Feces (1992)
Bloody Kisses (1993)
October Rust (1996)
World Coming Down (1999)
Life Is Killing Me (2003)
Dead Again (2007)

Other websites 
The Official Type O Negative Website 

1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American heavy metal bands
Doom metal bands
Gothic metal bands
Thrash metal bands
Doom metal is a form of heavy metal. The music sounds heavy and it is slower than other metal genres. Lyrics play a very important part in this genre. They are normally about sad subjects like pain, death and pessimism.

Doom metal bands 
Candlemass
My Dying Bride
Type O Negative
Saint Vitus
Trouble
Pentagram
The Obsessed
Solitude Aeturnus

Heavy metal subgenres
Candlemass is a doom metal band from Sweden. The band was formed in 1984 in Stockholm.

Other websites 
Candlemass Official Website

Swedish heavy metal bands
Doom metal bands
A brown dwarf is an object which is made of the same things as stars, but does not have enough mass for hydrogen fusion (the combining of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms). Nuclear fusion is what makes stars glow. Brown dwarfs are not massive enough to do this, so they are not regular stars. On the other hand, they are not regular giant planets, because they do glow. They are thought to be many but few have been found because their absolute magnitude is small.

Their mass is between the heaviest gas giants and the lightest stars, with an upper limit around 75 to 80 times the mass of Jupiter (MJ). Brown dwarfs more massive than 13 MJ are thought to fuse deuterium and those above ~65 MJ, fuse lithium as well.

Despite their name, most brown dwarfs would appear magenta to the human eye.
The nearest known brown dwarf is WISE 1049-5319 about 6.5 light years away, a binary system of brown dwarves discovered in 2013.

Discovery
Discovery 

What became known as brown dwarfs were talked about in the 1960s.  Alternative names for brown dwarfs were proposed, including planetar and substar. They remained hypothetical for decades.

Early theories suggested that an object less than 0.09 solar masses would never go through normal stellar evolution. The discovery of deuterium-burning down to 0.012 solar masses and the impact of dust formation in the cool outer atmospheres of brown dwarfs in the late 1980s brought these theories into question. However, such objects were hard to find because they emit almost no visible light. Their strongest emissions are in the infrared (IR) spectrum, and ground-based IR detectors were too imprecise at that time to readily identify any brown dwarfs.
Soon after the discovery of GD 165B, other brown-dwarf candidates were reported. Most failed to live up to their candidacy, however, because the absence of lithium showed them to be stellar objects. True stars will burn their lithium within a little over 100 million years (my), whereas brown dwarfs  will not. Confusingly, brown dwarves have temperatures and luminosities similar to some true stars. In other words, the detection of lithium in the atmosphere of an object means that, if it is older than 100 my, it is a brown dwarf.

In 1994/5 the study of brown dwarfs changed with the discovery of two definite substellar objects (Teide 1 and Gliese 229B).
The first confirmed brown dwarf was discovered in 1994. They called this object Teide 1 and it was found in the Pleiades open cluster. Nature highlighted "Brown dwarfs discovered, official" in the front page of that issue. The distance, chemical composition, and age of Teide 1 was established because it is in the young Pleiades star cluster. Teide 1's  mass is 55 times that of Jupiter, and clearly below the stellar-mass limit. 

More notable was Gliese 229B, which was found to have a temperature and luminosity well below the stellar range. Remarkably, its near-infrared spectrum clearly exhibited a methane absorption band at 2 micrometres, a feature that had previously only been observed in the atmospheres of giant planets and that of Saturn's moon Titan. This discovery helped to establish yet another spectral class even cooler than L dwarfs, known as "T dwarfs", for which Gliese 229B is the prototype.
A brown dwarf below 65 Jupiter masses is unable to burn lithium by thermonuclear fusion at any time during its evolution. High-quality spectral data showed that Teide 1 had kept the initial lithium amount of the original molecular cloud from which Pleiades stars formed. This proved the lack of thermonuclear fusion in its core. 

Teide 1 was considered for some time the smallest object out of the Solar System that had been identified by direct observation. Since then over 1800 brown dwarfs have been identified. Some are very close to Earth such as Epsilon Indi Ba and Bb, a pair of brown dwarfs gravitationally bound to a sunlike star around 12 light-years from the Sun, and WISE 1049-5319 a binary system of brown dwarfs about 6.5 light-years away.

Issues 
For some years now there has been debate concerning what criterion to use for defining the separation between a very-low-mass brown dwarf and a giant planet (~13 Jupiter masses). One school of thought is based on formation, and another on interior physics.
References 

Types of stars
Dividends are payments made by a company to its shareholders. When a company earns more money than it spends, the extra money can either be spent on making the company better or it can be given to the people who own stock in the company as a dividend.

Stock market
Income
Camille Dalmais (born 1978, Paris, France) is a French singer. She is famous in France. Her first album was made in 2002.

References

1978 births
Living people
French singers
Age of Mythology: The Titans is a 2003 computer game made by Ensemble Studios. It is an expansion pack to Age of Mythology.

Real-time strategy video games
2003 video games

pl:Age of Mythology#Age of Mythology: The Titans
Germanicus Caesar (24 May 15 BC – 10 October 19 AD) was a Roman general. He was the son of the general Nero Claudius Drusus, and nephew of Emperor Tiberius.

Germanicus commanded the Roman forces in their campaign of 14/16 AD against the Germanic tribes. Three whole Roman legions had been wiped out in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD. It was the greatest disaster in Roman military history.

Plans for the revenge were started by the Emperor Augustus, and put into effect by his successor Tiberius. Germanicus had command of eight legions, one-third of the Roman Army. He destroyed the opposing German tribes, and recovered two of the three symbolic legionary eagles which had been lost. He was called back by Tiberius after he crossed the Rhine. The reasons for the recall are not agreed, but Augustus had set the Rhine as the limit of Rome's ambitions in Germany.
Germanicus was given an official triumph. A contemporary calendar gives 26 May as the day in which "Germanicus Caesar was borne into the city in triumph". Coins issued under his son Gaius (Caligula) depicted him on a triumphal chariot, with the reverse reading "Standards Recovered. Germans Defeated".

In AD 18 he was given charge of the eastern part of the empire and fought in Asia and Egypt. Germanicus died in Syria of unknown causes.

References 

Roman generals
15 BC births
19 deaths
The PS10 Solar Power Plant () is a solar power plant in Sanlucar la Mayor, Spain.

The plant is made up of a tower in the center of a large field covered in many mirrors. Each of the 624 moveable mirrors has an area of 120 m2 (1290 ft2). The mirrors reflect the light from the Sun to the top of the tower. The heat warms water within pipes in the central tower turning it into steam. The steam drives turbines which, at their peak, put out 11 MW of electricity.

The planet is good for providing electricity during the hottest parts of the day when air conditioning demand is the highest.

Related pages
Solar power
Power station
Electricity

References 

Buildings and structures in Spain
Solar power plants
2007 establishments in Europe
2000s establishments in Spain
Feyenoord Rotterdam is a Dutch football team from Rotterdam. They play their home matches in the Feijenoord Stadium, also called De Kuip.  Feyenoord is created on July 19,1908. Their home uniform is a red and white shirt with black shorts and black socks. Their away colours for the 2007/2008 season are a black, red and white shirt with black shorts and black socks. They play in the Eredivisie, which is the highest football competition in The Netherlands. Everytime Feyenoord scores at home, the song I Will Survive by The Hermes House band is played.

Name 
 1908-1909 Wilhelmina
 1909-1909 HFC
 1909-1912 Celeritas
 1912-1973 Feijenoord Rotterdam
 1973-present Feyenoord Rotterdam

League position

Former position

Other websites 

 Feyenoord.com - Official website 
 Official Feyenoord YouTube website 
 Official Feyenoord Live.com website  
 Official website on the club's 100th anniversary 

Dutch football clubs
Rotterdam
1908 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in the Netherlands
Headquarters is a name given to the main building of an organization where most of its functions are done. All large companies have headquarters which control the business. A large non-governmental organization also has a headquarter from where its activities are controlled. The term is also used regarding military organizations.

Administrative buildings
The Estates Theatre or Stavovské divadlo in Prague is one of the oldest and most beautiful opera houses in Europe.

The Estates Theatre became part of the National Theatre in 1948. People from three different groups perform opera, ballet, and drama there. The same people also perform at the National Theatre (Národní divadlo), and the Theatre Kolowrat (Divadlo Kolowrat).

History 

The Estates Theatre was built during the late 18th century. At first it was known as Count Nostitz’s Theatre. The theatre opened in 1783 with a performance of the tragedy Emilia Galotti by the German playwright Gotthold Lessing. It was built in the Neoclassical style. Today it is one of the very few theatres that have hardly changed since it was built.
Although the building is almost the same it always was, the organisation of the Estates Theatre has changed several times in its history. In 1798 it was called the Estates Theatre when it was bought by the Czech Estates. When the Provisional Theatre opened in 1862 the Estates Theatre started to put on German plays and the name was changed to the Royal Provincial German Theatre. From 1920 and 1948 it got its name (Estates Theatre) back again. In 1948 the organization became part of the National Theatre and was called Tyl Theatre (after dramatist J.K. Tyl). In 1990, after some restoration, it became known again as the Estates Theatre.

Productions and artistes
Many of the greatest artists worked or had their music or plays performed in the Estates Theatre. In 1787 the first performance took place of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera Don Giovanni. Mozart's opera La Clemenza di Tito was also staged there for the first time in celebration of the coronation of Emperor Leopold II. Other famous people who conducted there were Carl Maria von Weber and Gustav Mahler. 

Czech plays were often performed there. This made people interested in performing in Czech and so, in 1848, the National Theatre was built.

Today the Estates Theatre is still famous for dramas, ballets and operas. The opera company especially perform the operas of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The movie about Mozart which was called Amadeus was filmed in the Estates Theatre.

Other websites 
 Estates Theatre web site

Opera houses
Theatres
Buildings and structures in Prague
18th-century establishments in Europe
The Národní Divadlo or the National Theatre in Prague is a very famous building which has been very important for more than 150 years for the culture of Czech history.

In the middle of the 19th century there were a lot of political changes in Europe.  Prague had been part of the Austrian Empire.  The official language was German.  Bohemia (which included Prague) and Moravia now form the area of the Czech Republic.  In the 19th century the Czechs in these areas wanted to be able to put on plays and operas in the Czech language.  The National Theatre was built at a time when this was starting to become possible.
The National Theatre was built because the Czech people wanted their own national identity. The first stone was laid on May 16, 1868.  It was opened  on June 11 1881 to honour the visit of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria. Another 11 performances were given after that. Then the theatre was closed down to finish the building.  While people were working to finish it  a fire broke out on August 12 1881 which destroyed most of it.  However, a lot of money was found and it was built again and opened on November 18 1883 with a performance of Smetana’s opera Libuše which he had composed for this occasion.  The story of the opera is based on a mythological story about how Prague began.

It was an excellent theatre, and it was not until 1977 that any more re-building was necessary.  Then it was closed for six years, and opened again in time for the 100th anniversary of its opening: on November 18 1983. On that day again there was a performance of Smetana’s Libuše.
Today the National Theatre has three ensembles (groups of people): opera, ballet and drama.  These ensembles all perform in the National Theatre, the Estates Theatre and the Theatre Kolowrat. They put on a lot of Czech plays and operas, but also productions from other parts of the world.

Other websites 
 Prague National Theatre 

Opera houses
Theatres
Buildings and structures in Prague
1881 establishments in Europe
Drone can mean:

In nature:
 Drone (bee), a male bee
 A male wasp
 A male ant

In vehicles:
 A unmanned aerial vehicle, often used for target practice or surveillance
 A remotely operated vehicle (ROV), used for mine clearing or underwater exploration
 An unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), a robotic land vehicle often used to replace humans in hazardous situations

In fiction:
 Drone (2017 film)
 A member of the Drones Club in P. G. Wodehouse's novels
 A humanoid that has been assimilated by the Borg in the fictional Star Trek universe
 "Drone" (Voyager episode), an episode of Star Trek: Voyager
 Drone Weapon, similar to a guided missile, in the Stargate universe 
 Three robotic helpers in the movie Silent Running, named Huey, Dewey and Louie
 In the novel The Traveller, the term drones describes a class of citizens that have become exhausted 
 Detective Drone, the hero of Victorian crime stories
 A Zerg worker unit in Starcraft
In music:
 Drone (music), a continuous note or chord
 The part of various musical instruments (such as the bagpipe) that produce the drone sound
 A bumbass, a folk instrument sometimes called a drone
 Drone music, a music style or genre related to background music and ambient music
 Drone Records, a record label
 "Drones," a song by Rise Against
 The Drones, a rock group from Melbourne, Australia
In music, a drone is a  note which sounds all the time while a piece of music is played.  Some folk instruments always make a drone when they are played: bagpipes and hurdy gurdies in European culture, sitars in Indian music, and many other instruments in Asian and African music.  Sometimes more than one drone is heard (often two notes which are a fifth apart).

Music with drones has to have simple harmonies because it is not possible to modulate to different keys.  Other things can make up for this, for example, Scottish bagpipe music has lots of little ornamental notes to make it interesting.

Some Western Composers  liked to use a drone (especially one in fifths) to make it sound like bagpipes or other folk instruments.  Bach, François Couperin and other Baroque composers often called such pieces "Musette" (the French for "bagpipes").  Sometimes they did this in orchestral music: Haydn used a drone in the last part of his Symphony No. 104 to accompany a folk tune.

Related pages
Pedal point
A pedal point (or pedal note) is a note which keeps sounding for several bars, usually in the bass (the lowest notes).  They are often used towards the end of a piece of music to help to drive the music to a climax.  They are called "pedal" notes because they are often heard in organ music where the player puts one of his feet on a pedal note and holds it there.

Pedal points are usually on either the tonic (main key note) (tonic pedal) or the dominant (5th note of the scale) (dominant pedal) tones.

A good example of a dominant pedal can be seen in the Prelude in C major from Book I of the Well-Tempered Clavier by Bach.

An example of a tonic pedal can be seen in the third movement of Brahms's German Requiem, where the double basses play continuous D's in the last section.  Because this lasts for the whole section some people might prefer to call this a drone.

A double pedal is two pedal tones played at the same time.

An inverted pedal is a pedal that is not in the bass.  It is often in the highest part.
Related pages
Ostinato
Drone (music)
Pedal (music)

Musical terminology
Euclidean geometry is a system in mathematics. People think Euclid was the first person who described it; therefore, it bears his name. He first described it in his textbook Elements. The book was the first systematic discussion of geometry as it was known at the time. In the book, Euclid first assumes a few axioms. These form the base for later work. They are intuitively clear. Starting from those axioms, other theorems can be proven. 

In the 19th century other forms of geometry were found. These are non-Euclidean geometry. Carl Friedrich Gauss, János Bolyai, and Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky were some people that developed such geometries. Very often, these do not use the parallel postulate, but the other four axioms.
The axioms
Euclid makes the following assumptions. These are axioms, and need not be proved.
Any two points can be joined by a straight line
Any straight line segment can be made longer (extended) to infinity, so it becomes a straight line.
With a straight line segment it is possible to draw a circle, so that one endpoint of the segment is the center of the circle, and the other endpoint lies on the circle. The line segment becomes the radius of the circle.
All right angles are congruent
 Parallel postulate. If two lines intersect a third in such a way that the sum of the inner angles on one side is less than two right angles, then the two lines inevitably must intersect each other on that side if extended far enough.

Status
Euclidean geometry is a first-order theory. With it, statements like For all triangles... can be made, and be proven. Statements like For all sets of triangles... are outside the scope of the theory.

Fields of geometry
János Bolyai (December 15, 1802 – January 27, 1860) was a Hungarian mathematician, known for his work in non-Euclidean geometry.

References 
 
 M. J. Greenberg, Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries: Development and History, 3rd edition, W. H. Freeman, 1994
 Elemér Kiss: Mathematical gems from the Bolyai chests. János Bolyai's discoveries in number theory and algebra as recently deciphered from his manuscripts. Translated by Anikó Csirmaz and Gábor Oláh. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest; TypoTeX, Budapest, 1999. 200 pp. .
 

1802 births
1860 deaths
Hungarian mathematicians
Deaths from disease
Geometers
In Roman mythology, Diana was the goddess of hunting, and in later times, the moon and chastity. Cypress trees were sacred to her. She was the daughter of Jupiter and the Titan Latona (or Leto). In Greek mythology, Diana was called Artemis. She is also associated with fertility and nature. Artemis is her Greek equivalent.

According to mythology Diana was born with her twin brother Apollo on the island of Delos. Apollo was her only real brother but she had many half brothers and sisters from her father. Her half-siblings were Vulcan, Minerva, Mercury, Bacchus, Mars, and Proserpine. Diana made a group of three with two other Roman deities: Egeria the water nymph, her servant and midwife helper; and Virbius, the god of the woods. Diana is a maiden goddess which means she can't marry.

Other websites 

 Landscape with Diana and Callisto painting
 Diana and her Nymphs painting

Roman gods and goddesses
Gods and goddesses of the moon
Virgin goddesses
In Egyptian mythology, Thoth was the deity of scribes. He is thought to be one of the most important said to be born from the skull of Seth also said to be born from the heart of Ra. 

Thoth was considered the heart and tongue of Ra. He was also the one who translated Ra's will into speech.

Shrines 
The main shrine of Thoth was at Khemennu. It was there that he was the head of the local company of deities.  He also had shrines in Abydos, Hesert, Urit, Per-Ab, Rekhui, Ta-ur, Sep, Hat, Pselket, Talmsis, Antcha-Mutet, Bah, Amen-heri-ab, and Ta-kens.

Worship 
Thoth was mostly prayed  in the early dynasty. He was also prayed through the five days of celebration. They would sing hymns and chant spells for Thoth. There were many celebrations like "The feast of Thoth" in the year. He was a major god for the early dynasty.

Myth
Myth 

Thoth played very important roles in Egyptian myths. He was said to have resurrected Osiris after he was slain by Seth and also later resurrected his son, Horus. He was also credited for creating 365 days instead of 360. One myth explains how Ra bans Nut from having children on any day of the year. Thoth then goes to the moon god, Khonsu, and gambles five days out of him, therefore giving five days (the demon days) when Nut can have children. He also was sometimes said to take the place of the Primeval Goose and be the creator of the world and all other gods.

Family 
Thoth had one direct relation to Ma'at that people know of, although some myths say he was the son of Ra. His feminine counterpart was a goddess named Seshat. She was also sometimes credited to be the inventor of hieroglyphs, while Thoth taught them. She was also said to be Thoth’s wife or daughter.
Relationship to Ma'at 
Ma'at also played a big role next to Thoth. He was there at the weighing of the heart, noting, while Ma’at weighed the heart. They both stood on either side of Ra’s boat and also he was sometimes said to be Ma’at’s husband. Ma'at was the goddess of law, order, truth, and justice.

Physical Description 
Thoth was a unique god. He is said to have two forms: an ibis-headed human and a squatting dog-headed baboon. He held a stylus and a pallet, and sometimes the symbol of life, called the Ankh.

Titles and Roles 
Thoth had many titles and a lot of roles. He was often called “Three times Great”. He was mediator, messenger, scribe and teacher. Some of his titles included;
‘Scribe of Ma’at in the company of the gods’
‘Lord of Ma’at’
‘Lord of divine words’
‘Judge of the two combatant gods’
‘Three times great’ or ‘Thrice Great’
These numerous titles show that Thoth had a very significant importance to ancient Egyptian mythology. He had his high point of worship in the Old Kingdom.
Hermes and the Greeks 
When the Greeks conquered Egypt, they equated Thoth with Hermes, their messenger god. Thoth’s central city was Khemenu, (where he has his chief temple) which the Greeks renamed to Hermopolis, city of Hermes. Today, ancient temples and ruins worshiping Thoth are there and what used to be Khemenu is now el-Eshmunein.

References
References

Sources 
 Bleeker, Claas Jouco. 1973. Hathor and Thoth: Two Key Figures of the Ancient Egyptian Religion. Studies in the History of Religions 26. Leiden: E. J. Brill
Boylan, Patrick. 1922. Thot, the Hermes of Egypt: A Study of Some Aspects of Theological Thought in Ancient Egypt. London: Oxford University Press. (Reprinted Chicago: Ares Publishers inc., 1979)
 Budge, E. A. Wallis. Egyptian Religion. Kessinger Publishing, 1900.
 Budge, E. A. Wallis. The Gods of the Egyptians Volume 1 of 2.  New York: Dover Publications, 1969 (original in 1904).
Bunson, Margaret     A Dictionary of Ancient Egypt 
Remler, Pat  Egyptian Mythology A to Z 
Wilkinson, Richard   The Complete Guide to Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt 
Gahlin, Lucia    EGYPT Gods, Myth and Religion 
Barrett, Clive    The Egyptian Gods and Goddesses 
Ions, Veronica    Egyptian Mythology 
Bunson, Margaret     A Dictionary of Ancient Egypt

Related pages
 List of Egyptian gods and goddesses

Other websites
Other websites 

 About the Emerald Tablets The Emerald Tablets of Thoth-The-Atlanean (with commentaries by Dr V.Atnonov).
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/thoth.htm
http://www.egyptianmyths.net/mythbookthoth.htm
https://egyptianmuseum.org/deities-thoth
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/explore/main.html

Egyptian gods and goddesses
This is a list of Germanic deities that are in Norse mythology.
Divided between the Æsir and the Vanir, and sometimes including the jötnar (giants), the dividing line between these groups is less than clear. However, it is usually accepted that the Æsir (including Óðinn, Þór and Týr) were warrior gods, while the Vanir (mainly Njörður, Freyja and Freyr) were fertility gods. Various other groups of beings, including elves, dwarves and jötnar were probably minor gods, and might have had small cults and sacred places devoted to them.

Gods

Goddesses

|Skadi, goddess of snow, and archery

References

 
Germanic
This is a list of Egyptian  Gods and goddesses from Egyptian mythology. The old Egyptians worshipped a few gods at different times and in different places. Some gods changed in importance over time or were nonexistent until later eras.

Major deities
Male
Aker – A god of the earth and the east and west horizons of the Underworld
Amun  – A creator god, patron deity of the city of Thebes, and the preeminent deity in Egypt during the New Kingdom
Anhur – A god of war and hunting
Aten – Sun disk deity who became the focus of the monolatrous or monotheistic Atenist belief system in the reign of Akhenaten
Atum – A creator god and solar deity, first god of the Ennead
Bennu – A solar and creator deity, depicted as a bird
Geb – An earth god and member of the Ennead
Hapi – Personification of the Nile flood
Horus – A major god, usually shown as a falcon or as a human child, linked with the sky, the sun, kingship, protection, and healing. Often said to be the son of Osiris and Isis.
Khepri – A solar creator god, often treated as the morning form of Ra and represented by a scarab beetle
Khnum (Khnemu) – A ram god, the patron deity of Elephantine, who was said to control the Nile flood and give life to gods and humans
Khonsu – A moon god, son of Amun and Mut
Maahes – A lion god, son of Bastet
Montu – A god of war and the sun, worshipped at Thebes
Nefertum – God of the lotus blossom from which the sun god rose at the beginning of time. Son of Ptah and Sekhmet.
Nemty – Falcon god, worshipped in Middle Egypt, who appears in myth as a ferryman for greater gods
Neper – A god of grain
Osiris – god of death and resurrection who rules the underworld and enlivens vegetation, the sun god, and deceased souls
Ptah – A creator deity and god of craftsmen, the patron god of Memphis
Ra – The sun god
Set – An ambivalent god, characterized by violence, chaos, and strength, connected with the desert. Mythological murderer of Osiris and enemy of Horus, but also a supporter of the king.
Shu – Embodiment of wind or air, a member of the Ennead
Sobek – Crocodile god, worshipped in the Faiyum and at Kom Ombo
Sopdu – A god of the sky and of Egypt's eastern border regions
Thoth – A moon god, and a god of writing and scribes, and patron deity of Hermopolis
Female
Amunet – Female counterpart of Amun and a member of the Ogdoad
Anuket – A goddess of Egypt's southern frontier regions, particularly the lower cataracts of the Nile
Bastet – Goddess represented as a cat or lioness, patroness of the city of Bubastis, linked with protection from evil
Bat – Cow goddess from early in Egyptian history, eventually absorbed by Hathor
Hathor – One of the most important goddesses, linked with the sky, the sun, sexuality and motherhood, music and dance, foreign lands and goods, and the afterlife. One of many forms of the Eye of Ra.
Heqet – Frog goddess said to protect women in childbirth
Hesat – A maternal cow goddess
Imentet – An afterlife goddess closely linked with Isis and Hathor
Isis – Wife of Osiris and mother of Horus, linked with funerary rites, motherhood, protection, and magic. She became a major deity in Greek and Roman religion.
Ma'at – Goddess who personified truth, justice, and order
Menhit – A lioness goddess
Mut – Consort of Amun, worshipped at Thebes
Neith – A creator and hunter goddess, patron of the city of Sais in Lower Egypt
Nekhbet (Nekhebit) – A vulture goddess, the tutelary deity of Upper Egypt
Nephthys (Neb-t kha-t) – A member of the Ennead, the consort of Set, who mourned Osiris alongside Isis
Nepit – A goddess of grain, female counterpart of Neper
Nut – A sky goddess, a member of the Ennead
Pakhet – A lioness goddess mainly worshipped in the area around Beni Hasan
Renenutet – An agricultural goddess
Satet – A goddess of Egypt's southern frontier regions
Sekhmet – A lioness goddess, both destructive and violent and capable of warding off disease, protector of the pharaohs who led them in war, the consort of Ptah and one of many forms of the Eye of Ra.
Tefnut – Goddess of moisture and a member of the Ennead
Wadjet (Uatchit) – A cobra goddess, the tutelary deity of Lower Egypt
Wosret – A goddess of Thebes
Both male and female forms
Heh – Personification of infinity and a member of the Ogdoad
Kek – The god of Chaos and Darkness, as well as being the concept of primordial darkness. Kek's female form is known as Kauket.
Nu – Personification of the formless, watery disorder from which the world emerged at creation and a member of the Ogdoad
Ra (Re) – The foremost Egyptian sun god, involved in creation and the afterlife. Mythological ruler of the gods, father of every Egyptian king, and the patron god of Heliopolis.
Tatenen – Personification of the first mound of earth to emerge from chaos in ancient Egyptian creation myths
Anubis/Anput – The god/goddess of embalming and protector of the dead

Minor deities

Male
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Aani - A protector ape headed god
 Aati - One of the 42 judges of the souls of the dead
 Abu - A god of light
Am-heh – A dangerous underworld god
 Amenhotep I (Amenhetep I) - The second king of the eighteenth dynasty, deified
Amenhotep son of Hapu – A scribe and architect in the court of Amenhotep III, later deified for his wisdom
 Amu-Aa - A god who accompanies Osiris during the second hour of the night
 An-a-f - One of the 42 judges of the souls of the dead
 An-hetep-f - One of the 42 judges of the souls of the dead
 An-mut-f
 An-tcher-f
 Andjety (Anedjti, Anezti) - A god of the ninth nome of Upper Egypt
 Ȧnḥert - A bearded sky god
 Ani - A god of festivals
 Anti - A hawk god of Upper Egypt
Apedemak – A warlike lion god from Nubia who appears in some Egyptian-built temples in Lower Nubia
Apep  (Apepi) – A serpent deity who personified malevolent chaos and was said to fight Ra in the underworld every night
 Āpesh - A turtle god
Apis –  A live bull worshipped as a god at Memphis and seen as a manifestation of Ptah
Arensnuphis – A Nubian deity who appears in Egyptian temples in Lower Nubia in the Greco-Roman era
 Asclepius - A Greek god worshipped in Egypt at Saqqara
Ash – A god of the Libyan Desert and oases west of Egypt
Astennu - A baboon god associated with Thoth.
Ba - A god of fertility
 Ba-Ra
Baal – Sky and storm god from Syria and Canaan, worshipped in Egypt during the New Kingdom
Babi – A baboon god characterized by sexuality and aggression
Banebdjedet – A ram god, patron of the city of Mendes
Ba-Pef – A little-known underworld deity
Bes – Apotropaic god, represented as a dwarf, particularly important in protecting children and women in childbirth
Buchis – A live bull god worshipped in the region around Thebes and a manifestation of Montu
Dedun (Dedwen)– A Nubian god, said to provide the Egyptians with incense and other resources that came from Nubia
 Denwen - A serpent and dragon god
 Djebuty - Tutelary god of Djeba
 Djefa - God of abundance
 Dua - God of toiletry and sanitation
 Fa - A god of destiny
 Fetket - A butler of Ra
 Gengen Wer - A celestial goose god who guarded the celestial egg containing the life force
Ha – A god of the Libyan Desert and oases west of Egypt
 Ḥapy (Hapi) - A son of Horus
 Hapy-Wet - God of the Nile in heaven
Hardedef - Son of King Khufu who was deified after death because he wrote a book considered to be the work of a god
 Harmachis (Heru-em-akbet) - Sphinx god
 Harsomtus - A child god of Edfu
 Haurun - A protector and healing god, originally a Canaanite god
Heka (Hike) – Personification of magic
 Heneb - A god of grain
 Henkhisesui - God of the east wind
 Heru-Khu - A god in the fifth division of Tuat
 Hery-sha-duat - Underworld god in charge of the fields of Tuat
Heryshaf – Ram god worshipped at Herakleopolis Magna
Hu – Personification of the authority of the spoken word
Iah (Aah) – A moon god
Ihy – A child deity born to Horus and Hathor, representing the music and joy produced by the sistrum
 Ihu - God of the sistrum
Imhotep – Architect and vizier to Djoser, eventually deified as a healer god
Ishtar – The East Semitic version of Astarte, occasionally mentioned in Egyptian texts
 Joh - A moon god
 Jupiter-Amun - A Roman influenced god worshipped at the Siwa Oasis in Egypt
Kagemni - A vizier to Sneferu who wrote the Instructions of Kagemni, later deified
 Khenmu (Khnum) - A ram headed god who formed humans from clay
 Khenti-Amenti
 Khenti-qerer
 Khesfu - A god who carries a spear in the tenth division of Tuat
 Khentamentiu (Chontamenti) - A necropolis deity
 Khentekhtai (Khente-Khtai) - Crocodile god worshipped at Athribis
Kherty – A netherworld god, usually depicted as a ram
 Kneph - A ram creator god
 Mahes (Maahes) - A punishing god
Mandulis – A Lower Nubian solar deity who appeared in some Egyptian temples
Mehen – A serpent god who protects the barque of Ra as it travels through the underworld
 Mestȧ (Imset)- A son of Horus
 Mihos - A son of Bastet
Min – A god of virility, as well as the cities of Akhmim and Qift and the Eastern Desert beyond them
Mnevis – A live bull god worshipped at Heliopolis as a manifestation of Ra
 Nefer Hor - A son of Thoth
 Neferhotep - Son of Hathor
Nefertum (Nefertem) - God of perfume who was an aspect of Atum, but later became a separate deity
Nehebu-Kau – A protective serpent god
 Nūn - God of the primeval waters
 Panebtawy - A child god, son of Horus the Elder
 Petbe - God of revenge
 Peteese - Brother of Pihor who drowned in the Nile, later deified
 Pihor - Brother of Peteese who drowned in the Nile, later deified
 Ptah-hotep - Writer of a Wisdom Text, later deified
 Qebeḥsenuf (Qebehsenuef) - A son of Horus
 Qebui - God of the north winds
 Ra-ateni
 Rā-Ḥerakhty - A beautiful god
Reshep – A Syrian war god adopted into Egyptian religion in the New Kingdom
 Reshpu - A bearded god wearing a crown resembling the crown of Upper Egypt
 Sah - Personification of the constellation Orion
 Sebeg - Personification of the planet Mercury
 Sebiumeker - Guardian god of procreation and fertility, he was a major god in Meroe, Kush
 Sed - A jackal deity who protected kingship
Seker – God of the Memphite Necropolis and of the afterlife in general
Sekhemus - God of the fourth hour of Tuat
 Sepa - A centipede god who protected people from snake bites
 Sepes - A god who lived in a tree
 Sepṭu - A bearded plume wearing god
Serapis – A Greco-Egyptian god from the Ptolemaic Period who fused traits of Osiris and Apis with those of several Greek gods. Husband of Isis who, like her, was adopted into Greek and Roman religion outside Egypt.
 Seta-Ta - A mummified god in the fourth division of Tuat
 Setcheh - A serpent demon
 Setem - A god of healing
Shed – A god believed to save people from danger and misfortune
Shehbui - God of the south wind
Shezmu – A god of wine and oil presses who also slaughters condemned souls
Sia – Personification of perception
 Sopd - God of the eastern delta
 Sothis - Personification of the star Sirius, mother of Sopdu
 Ṭuamutef (Duamutef) - A son of Horus
Tutu – An apotropaic god from the Greco-Roman era
Uneg/Weneg – A plant god and son of Ra who maintains cosmic order
 Wenenu - A protector god
Wepwawet – A jackal god, the patron deity of Asyut, connected with warfare and the afterlife
 Yah - A moon god
Yam – A Syrian god of the sea who appears in some Egyptian texts
Female
 Ahti - A malevolent hippopotamus goddess
 Amathaunta - An ocean goddess
 Ament (Amentet) - Daughter of Horus and Hathor, a goddess of Underworld hospitality
Ammit – Goddess who devoured condemned souls
 Amn - A goddess who welcomed souls of the dead in the Underworld
Anat – A war and fertility goddess, originally from Syria, who entered Egyptian religion in the Middle Kingdom
 Anhefta - A protective spirit who guards one end of the ninth division of Tuat
 Anit - Wife of Andjety
 Ānqet - A feathered headdress wearing goddess worshipped at the First Cataract
 Āntȧ - A daughter of Ra
 Antd - A sister of Astarte
 Anuke - A war goddess
 Ảpet - A solar disc wearing goddess worshipped at Thebes
Astarte – A warrior goddess from Syria and Canaan who entered Egyptian religion in the New Kingdom
 Ausaas - A solar disc wearing goddess worshipped at Heliopolis
Ba'alat Gebal – A Caananite goddess, patroness of the city of Byblos, adopted into Egyptian religion
 Besna - Goddess of home security