Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Sir Timothy Miles Bindon "Tim" Rice (born 10 November 1944) is an English songwriter and writer. He was born in 1944. Rice is probably best known for his work with Andrew Lloyd Webber on the shows Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Jesus Christ Superstar, and Evita. He also co-wrote the shows Blondel, Chess and the English lyrics for Starmania.

He had a long-term relationship in the 1980s with the actress Elaine Paige.

In 2018, Rice became one of fifteen people to win an Oscar, Grammy, Tony and Emmy Award.

References

1944 births
Living people
Rice, Tim
Grammy Award winners
Emmy Award winners
Tony Award winners
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Evita is a musical. The lyrics were written by Tim Rice. The music was composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber. The musical is based on the life of Eva Perón (1919-1952), the wife of Argentinian President Juan Perón, which Che is telling.

Evita opened on the West End in 1978, and on Broadway in 1979. It won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical and the Tony Award for Best Musical. In 1996, a movie version was released starring Madonna.

1970s musicals
Musicals by Andrew Lloyd Webber
Musicals by Tim Rice
Tony Award winning musicals
Laurence Olivier Award winning musicals
Broadway musicals
West End musicals
Musicals adapted to movies
1978 works
Up to 1900 
 1010 - Persian poet Ferdowsi completes his epic poem Shahnameh.
 1576 – Spanish explorer Diego Garcia de Palacio sights the ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Copan.
 1618 – Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (he soon rejects the idea after some initial calculations were made but later on May 15 confirms the discovery).
 1655 - John Casor becomes the first legally-recognized slave in North America.
 1658 - Sweden reaches its greatest extent after the Peace of Roskilde.
 1669 – Mount Etna on Sicily erupts until July 11, destroying several towns.
 1702 – Very unexpectedly, Anne Stuart, the sister of the childless Mary II, becomes Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland after the death of William III of Orange from injuries he suffered in a fall from his horse.
 1736 – Nader Shah of the Afsharid Dynasty becomes the Shah (ruler) of Persia.
1775 - An anonymous letter, thought by some to have been written by Thomas Paine, calls for the end of slavery in the North American colonies.
 1782 – Gnadenhütten massacre: Almost 100 Native Americans in Gnadenhutten, Ohio had their skulls crushed with a mallet by Pennsylvanian militiamen in a mass murder.
 1817 – The New York Stock Exchange is founded.
 1844 – King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden-Norway
 1862 – American Civil War: The iron-clad CSS Virginia (formerly USS Merrimack) is launched at Hampton Roads, Virginia.
 1868 - Sakai incident: Japanese samurai kill 11 French sailors in the port of Sakai, near Osaka.
 1884 – Susan B. Anthony testified before the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives arguing for an amendment to the U.S. Constitution granting women the right to vote.
1901  2000 
 1906 – Moro Crater Massacre: US troops occupying the Philippines massacre about 600 men, women and children taking refuge in a crater.
 1910 - Raymonde de Laroche of France becomes the first woman to be given a pilot's license.
 1911 – International Women's Day is celebrated for the first time.
 1917 – The February Revolution breaks out in Russia (February 23 O.S.).
 1917 – The United States Senate adopts the cloture rule in order to limit filibusters.
 1918 – The first case of Spanish flu occurs, the start of a devastating pandemic.
 1920 - The Arab Kingdom of Syria is created.
 1921 – Spanish Premier Eduardo Dato is assassinated while exiting the parliament building in Madrid.
 1924 – The Castle Gate mining disaster in Utah kills 172 coal miners.
 1935 - Hachiko, a Japanese Akita dog revered for its loyalty, is found dead in Tokyo.
 1936 – The first stock car race is held in Daytona Beach, Florida.
 1937 - Spanish Civil War: The Battle of Guadalajara begins.
1942 – World War II: The Dutch surrender to Japanese forces on Java.
 1942 – World War II: Japan captures Rangoon, Burma.
 1943 – World War II: Japanese troops counter-attack American forces on Hill 700 on the island of Bougainville in a battle that will last five days.
 1948 – The United States Supreme Court rules that religious instruction in public schools violated the Constitution.
 1950 – The Soviet Union claims to have an atomic bomb.
 1952 – Antoine Pinay becomes Prime Minister of France
 1957 – Egypt re-opens the Suez Canal.
 1957 – Ghana joins the UN.
 1958 - South Yemen joins the United Arab Republic.
 1959 – Last television appearance of The Marx Brothers, in The Incredible Jewel Robbery
 1961 – Max Conrad circumnavigates the earth in eight days, 18 hours and 49 minutes setting a new world record.
 1963 - The Ba'ath Party takes power in a coup in Syria.
 1965 – Vietnam War: 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam, becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam.
1966 – Vietnam War: Australia announces it is going to substantially increase its number of troops in Vietnam.
 1966 – A bomb planted by young Irish protesters destroys Nelson's Pillar in Dublin.
 1968 – Soviet U-boat K-129 sinks in the Pacific Ocean, killing 86 people on board.
 1971 – Joe Frazier defeats Muhammad Ali in the first of three epic bouts. Frazier defends the world Heavyweight title in a star-studded Madison Square Garden.
 1972 – The Goodyear blimp flies for the first time.
 1974 – Charles de Gaulle Airport opens in Paris, France.
 1978 – The first ever radio episode of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams is transmitted on BBC Radio 4.
 1983 – President Ronald Reagan calls the Soviet Union an evil empire.
 1985 – 1985 Beirut Car Bombing is made in front of the mosque killing 45 people and injuring 175.
 1988 – Two United States Army helicopters collide in Fort Campbell, Kentucky killing 17 servicemen.
1999 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Supreme Court of the United States upholds the murder convictions of Timothy McVeigh.
 2000 – A collision between two Tokyo Metro trains kills 5 people.
From 2001 
 2003 - A referendum on EU membership is held in Malta, with a narrow majority supporting the proposal.
 2004 – A new constitution is signed by Iraq's Governing Council.
 2011 - Observances are held to work the 100th anniversary of International Women's Day.
 2014 - Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, travelling from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, goes missing in the Gulf of Thailand with 239 people on board.
 2017 - The famous "Azure Window" feature on the coast of the Maltese island of Gozo collapses into the sea.
 2017 - A bomb attack on a military hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan, kills at least 49 people.
 2017 - At least 30 people are killed in a bomb attack in Tikrit, Iraq.
 2017 - FC Barcelona come back from a 4-0 deficit from the first leg of their UEFA Champions League tie against Paris Saint-Germain F.C. to win 6-1 on the night and 6-5 overall.
 2018 - US President Donald Trump agrees to hold talks with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un.

Births
Up to 1900 
 1286 – John III, Duke of Brittany (d. 1341)
 1293 – Beatrice of Castile, Queen of Portugal (d. 1359)
 1495 – John of God, Portuguese-born friar and saint (d. 1550)
 1514 - Amago Haruhisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1562)
 1566 - Carlo Gesualdo, Italian composer (d. 1613)
 1617 - Tito Livio Burattini, Italian architect, historian and engineer (d. 1681)
 1702 – Anne Bonny, Irish-American pirate (d. 1782)
 1712 – John Fothergill, English physician (d. 1780)
 1714 – Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, German composer (d. 1788)
 1746 - André Michaux, French botanist (d. 1802)
 1748 – William V of Orange, Dutch ruler (d. 1806)
 1761 - Jan Potocki, Polish historian, diplomat and explorer (d. 1815)
 1783 – Hannah Van Buren, wife of Martin Van Buren (d. 1819)
 1799 - Simon Cameron, 26th United States Secretary of War (d. 1889)
 1804 - Alvan Clark, American telescope maker and astronomer (d. 1887)
 1822 – Ignacy Lukasiewicz, Polish inventor (d. 1882)
1825 - Jules Barbier, French poet, writer and opera librettist (d. 1901)
 1827 - Wilhelm Bleek, German linguist (d. 1875)
 1830 - Joao de Deus, Portuguese poet (d. 1896)
 1839 - Josephine Cochrane, American inventor (d. 1913)
 1841 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., American jurist (d. 1935)
 1847 – John Lister, British politician (d. 1933)
 1848 - LaMarcus Adna Thompson, American developer of the roller coaster (d. 1917)
 1856 - Bramwell Booth, 2nd General of the Salvation Army (d. 1929)
 1859 – Kenneth Grahame, British writer (d. 1932)
 1865 - Frederic Goudy, American type designer (d. 1947)
 1872 – Anna Held, Polish actress and singer (d. 1918)
 1879 – Otto Hahn, German chemist (d. 1968)
 1886 – Edward Calvin Kendall, American chemist (d. 1972)
 1891 - Sam Jaffe, American actor (d. 1984)
 1892 – Mississippi John Hurt, American blues singer and guitarist (d. 1966)
 1892 – Juana de Ibarbourou, Uruguayan poet (d. 1979)
 1896 - Charlotte Whitton, 46th Mayor of Ottawa (d. 1975)
1899 - Eric Linklater, Scottish writer (d. 1974)
 1900 – Howard H. Aitken, American computer pioneer (d. 1973)
 1900 - Henry Abel Smith, British Governor of Queensland, Australia (d. 1993)
1901  1925 
 1902 – Jennings Randolph, American politician (d. 1998)
 1907 – Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek politician (d. 1998)
 1911 – Alan Hovhaness, American composer (d. 2000)
 1912 – Preston Smith, American politician and 40th Governor of Texas (d. 2003)
 1912 - Meldrim Thomson, Jr., American politician and 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (d. 2001)
 1914 - Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich, Russian physicist (d. 1987)
 1915 – Tapio Rautavaara, Finnish athlete (d. 1979)
 1916 – John W. Seybold, American businessman (d. 2004)
 1917 - Leslie Fiedler, American literary critic (d. 2003)
 1917 - Ernst von Glasersfeld, German-born American philosopher (d. 2010)
 1918 - Jacques Baratier, French director and screenwriter (d. 2009)
 1921 – Alan Hale, Jr., American actor (d. 1990)
 1921 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (d. 2008)
 1922 - Yevgeny Matveyev, Russian actor and movie director (d. 2003)
 1922 – Shigeru Mizuki, Japanese manga artist (d. 2015)
1923 - Ralph H. Baer, German-American video game designer (d. 2014)
 1923 - Walter Jens, German writer and philologist (d. 2013)
 1924 – Anthony Caro, British abstract sculptor (d. 2013)
 1924 – Georges Charpak, Polish-born French physicist (d. 2010)
 1925 - Warren Bennis, American scholar and writer (d. 2014)
1926  1950 
 1926 - Francisco Rabal, Spanish actor (d. 2001)
 1927 - Dick Hyman, American jazz pianist
 1927 - Irene Tinker, American economist
 1929 - Hebe Camargo, Brazilian actress, singer and television presenter (d. 2012)
 1930 - Yuri Rytkheu, Russian writer (d. 2008)
 1930 - Pyotr Bolotnikov, Russian long-distance runner
 1930 - Douglas Hurd, English politician
 1931 - Neil Adcock, South African cricketer (d. 2013)
 1931 - Heinz Mack, German artist
 1931 - John McPhee, American writer and professor
 1931 - Gerald Potterton, British-Canadian director, producer and animator
 1933 – Luca Ronconi, Italian theatre and opera director (d. 2015)
 1933 - Evelyn Ay Sempier, American model (d. 2008)
 1935 - Akira Kitaguchi, Japanese footballer
 1935 - George Coleman, American jazz musician
 1936 - Gabor Szabo, Hungarian jazz guitarist (d. 1982)
 1936 - Sue Ane Langdon, American actress and singer
 1937 – Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (d. 1994)
 1938 - Giorgio Puia, Italian footballer
1939 - Peter Nicholls, Australian writer (d. 2018)
 1939 - Paride Tumburus, Italian footballer (d. 2015)
 1939 – Robert Tear, Welsh operatic tenor (d. 2011)
 1939 - Lidiya Skoblikova, Russian speed skater and coach
 1940 - Susan Clark, Canadian actress
 1941 - Alexei Mishin, Russian figure skater
 1941 - Wilfrid Napier, South African cardinal
 1941 - Norman Stone, British historian and educator
 1942 – Jan Vyčítal, Czech musician
 1942 - Ann Packer, British athlete
 1943 – Lynn Redgrave, British actress (d. 2010)
 1943 - Michael Grade, British television executive
 1944 – Sergey Nikitin, Russian composer
 1944 - Pepe Romero, Spanish classical guitarist
 1945 – Anselm Kiefer, German painter
 1945 – Micky Dolenz, American musician (The Monkees)
 1946 - José Manuel Lara Bosch, Spanish businessman (d. 2015)
 1946 – Randy Meisner, American musician
 1947 – Carole Bayer Sager, American composer
 1947 - Florentino Pérez, Spanish businessman, President of Real Madrid C.F.
 1948 – Peggy March, American singer
1948 - Gyles Brandreth, British broadcaster and former politician
 1948 - Mel Galley, British rock musician (d. 2008)
 1948 - Jonathan Sacks, former Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth of Nations
 1948 - Sam Lacey, American basketball player (d. 2014)
 1949 - Natalia Kruchinskaya, Soviet-Russian gymnast
 1949 - Antonello Venditti, Italian singer-songwriter
 1949 – Teófilo Cubillas, Peruvian footballer
 1949 - Cho Yang-ho, South Korean businessman (d. 2019)
1951  1975 
 1952 - George Felix Allen, 67th Governor of Virginia
 1954 - David Wilkie, Scottish swimmer
 1954 – Cheryl Baker, British singer
 1955 - Don Ashby, Canadian ice hockey player
 1956 - Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (d. 1989)
 1957 – Clive Burr, British musician (d. 2013)
 1957 - Zé Sérgio, Brazilian footballer
 1958 – Gary Numan, British singer and musician
 1959 – Aidan Quinn, American actor
 1959 - Brian McGee, Scottish musician
 1961 - Camryn Manheim, American actress
 1961 - Larry Murphy, Canadian ice hockey player
 1962 - Mitsunori Yoshida, Japanese footballer
 1963 – Mike Lalor, Canadian ice hockey player
 1963 - Julio Cesar Silva, Brazilian footballer
 1963 - Sasha Waltz, German choreographer, dancer and opera director
 1964 - Yasuharu Sorimachi, Japanese footballer
 1964 – Peter Gill, British musician
 1964 - Kate Betts, American fashion editor
 1964 - Thomas Bezucha, American screenwriter and movie director
 1964 - Mark Oaten, British politician
1965 - Satoru Akahori, Japanese writer
 1966 - Cheryl James, American singer and rapper
 1966 - Anne McLaughlin, Scottish politician
 1968 – Michael Bartels, German racing driver
 1970 - Andrea Parker, American actress
 1972 – Fergal O'Brien, Irish snooker player
 1973 – Mark Lukasiewicz, American baseball player
From 1976 
 1976 – Freddie Prinze, Jr., American actor
 1977 – James Van Der Beek, American actor
 1977 – Johann Vogel, Swiss footballer
 1979 – Tom Chaplin, English singer (Keane)
 1979 - Andy Ross, American guitarist
 1981 – Michael Beauchamp, Australian footballer
 1981 - Timo Boll, German tennis player
 1981 - Laura Main, Scottish actress
 1982 - Kat Von D, American tattoo artist
 1982 - Marjorie Estiano, Brazilian actress and singer
 1983 – Andre Santos, Brazilian footballer
 1984 – György Garics, Austrian footballer
 1984 - Rafik Djebbour, Algerian footballer
 1984 - Sasha Vujacic, Slovenian basketball player
 1985 - Maria Ohisalo, Finnish politician and researcher
 1986 - Lassad Nouioui, French-Tunisian footballer
 1986 – Princess Tsuguko of Takamado of Japan
 1987 - Devon Graye, American actor
 1988 - Laura Unsworth, British field hockey player
 1989 - Robbie Hummel, American basketball player
 1990 – Petra Kvitova, Czech tennis player
1990 - Kristinia DeBarge, American singer-songwriter, dancer and actress
 1991 - Miriam Bryant, Swedish singer-songwriter
 1991 - Devon Werkheiser, American actor and singer
 1991 - Alan Pulido, Mexican footballer
 1992 - Charlie Ray, American actress
 1994 - Dylan Tombides, Australian footballer (d. 2014)
 1997 - Jurina Matsui, Japanese singer (AKB48)
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 1126 – Urraca of Leon (b. 1082)
 1144 – Pope Celestine II
 1550 – John of God, Portuguese-born friar and saint (b. 1495)
 1641 - Xu Xiake, Chinese adventurer (b. 1587)
 1702 – William III of England (b. 1650)
 1757 – Thomas Blackwell, Scottish classical scholar (b. 1701)
 1771 - Louis August le Clerc, French-Danish sculptor (b. 1688)
 1819 - Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, American colonel and politician (b. 1739)
 1844 – King Charles XIV John of Sweden (b. 1763)
 1869 – Hector Berlioz, French composer (b. 1803)
 1874 – Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (b. 1800)
 1876 - Louise Colet, French poet (b. 1810)
 1887 – Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman (b. 1813)
 1887 - James Buchanan Eads, American engineer (b. 1820)
 1889 – John Ericsson, Swedish engineer and inventor (b. 1803)
1901  2000 
 1906 - Suzanne Manet, French pianist and wife of the painter Edouard Manet (b. 1829)
 1907 - Marynos Antypas, Greek lawyer and journalist (b. 1872)
 1917 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German aircraft manufacturer (b. 1838)
 1921 – Eduardo Dato, Spanish Premier
 1921 - Andrew Watson, Scottish footballer (b. 1856)
 1923 – Krisjanis Barons, Latvian writer (b. 1837)
 1923 – Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist (b. 1837)
 1925 - Juliette Wytsman, Belgian painter (b. 1866)
 1930 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States (b. 1857)
 1935 - Ruan Lingyu, Chinese actress (b. 1910)
 1935 – Hachiko, Japanese Akita dog known for its loyalty (b. 1923)
 1941 – Sherwood Anderson, American writer (b. 1876)
 1942 – José Raul Capablanca, Cuban chess player and diplomat (b. 1888)
 1961 – Thomas Beecham, English conductor (b. 1879)
 1971 - Harold Lloyd, American actor (b. 1893)
 1972 - Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, German SS officer (b. 1899)
1973 - Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American musician (b. 1945)
 1975 - Joseph Bech, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (b. 1887)
 1975 - Georg Faehlmann, Estonian sailor (b. 1895)
 1975 - George Stevens, American director, screenwriter and producer (b. 1904)
 1982 - Rab Butler, British politician (b. 1902)
 1983 - Chabuca Granda, Peruvian-American singer-songwriter (b. 1920)
 1983 - Alan Lennox-Boyd, 1st Viscount Boyd of Merton, English politician (b. 1904)
 1983 - William Walton, English politician (b. 1902)
 1985 - Kim Yong-Sik, Korean footballer (b. 1910)
 1988 – Werner Hartmann, German physicist (b. 1912)
 1993 - Billy Eckstine, American singer (b. 1914)
 1999 – Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentine writer (b. 1914)
 1999 – Joe DiMaggio, American baseball player (b. 1914)
 1999 - William Wrigley III, American businessman (b. 1933)
From 2001 
 2003 – Adam Faith, English singer and actor (b. 1940)
 2004 – Abu Abbas, founder of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (b. 1948)
 2005 - Aslan Maskhadov, Chechen politician (b. 1951)
 2007 – John Inman, English actor (b. 1935)
 2007 - John Vukovich, American baseball player and coach (b. 1947)
 2011 – Mike Starr, American musician (b. 1966)
 2013 - Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin, German army officer and publisher (b. 1922)
 2014 - Victor Shem-Tov, Bulgarian-Israeli politician (b. 1915)
 2014 - William Guarnere, American sergeant (b. 1923)
 2014 - Park Eun-ji, South Korean politician (b. 1979)
 2014 - Wendy Hughes, Australian actress (b. 1952)
 2014 - Leo Bretholz, Austrian-American Holocaust survivor (b. 1921)
 2015 - Sam Simon, American producer and writer (b. 1955)
 2015 - Gerardo Sofovich, Argentine actor, director and television presenter (b. 1937)
 2015 - Lew Soloff, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1944)
 2015 - Inezita Barroso, Brazilian folk singer (b. 1925)
2016 - Richard Davalos, American actor (b. 1930)
 2016 - Aldo Ferrer, Argentine economist (b. 1927)
 2016 - David S. Johnson, American computer scientist (b. 1945)
 2016 - George Martin, English musician, composer, sound engineer and producer (b. 1926)
 2016 - Alfred E. Senn, American historian and academic (b. 1932)
 2017 - Li Yuan-tsu, Vice President of Taiwan (b. 1923)
 2017 - George Andrew Olah, Hungarian-American chemist (b. 1927)
 2017 - Dave Valentin, American jazz flutist (b. 1952)
 2018 - Ron Franklin, American jockey (b. 1959)
 2018 - Wilson Harris, Guyanese writer (b. 1921)
 2018 - Milko Kelemen, Croatian composer (b. 1924)
 2018 - Peter Temple, Australian writer (b. 1946)
 2018 - Togo D. West, Jr., American politician (b. 1942)
 2018 - Kate Wilhelm, American writer (b. 1928)
 2019 - Kelly Catlin, American cyclist (b. 1995)
 2019 - Michael Gielen, Austrian conductor (b. 1927)
 2019 - Cedrick Hardman, American football player (b. 1948)
Observances 
 International Women's Day

March 08
Sunset Boulevard is a 1950 American black comedy film noir movie about a screenwriter (William Holden) accompanying a retired Hollywood silent movie actress (Gloria Swanson) who wants to return to acting in movies. It was nominated for eleven Academy Awards and won three. For Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical theater, it starred Patti LuPone, Glenn Close, Betty Buckley and Elaine Paige.

Other websites

1950 movies
1950s American drama movies
American black comedy movies
Film noir
English-language movies
Movies about actors
Movies set in Los Angeles
Movies set in the 1950s
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by Billy Wilder
United States National Film Registry movies
Up to 1900 
 1087  William II of England is crowned king in Westminster Abbey.
 1345  Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns.
 1371  Battle of Maritsa in the Serbian-Turkish War.
 1580  Francis Drake completes his circumnavigation (voyage around the world).
 1687  The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed by an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Francesco Morosini who are besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.
 1687  The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, later known as the Glorious Revolution.
 1777  British forces occupy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the American Revolutionary War.
 1786  Protestors shut down the court in Springfield, Massachusetts in a military stand-off that begins the Shays' Rebellion.
 1789  Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State.
 1792  Marc-David Lasource accuses Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship in France.
1810  The Riksdag (Swedish parliament) passes the Act of Succession, allowing Jean Baptiste Bernadotte to become heir to the throne of Sweden.
 1832  The Göta Canal in central Sweden opens.
 1860  The current Flag of Ecuador is introduced.
 1872  The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City.
1901  2000 
 1907  New Zealand and Newfoundland are given Dominion status.
 1908  The Norwegian football club SK Brann is founded.
 1914  The US Federal Trade Commission is established.
 1917  World War I: The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.
 1918  World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive begins.
 1923  Gustav Stresemann resumes (restarts) the Weimar Republic's payment of reparation money.
 1933  A hurricane in Tampico, Mexico kills 1,000 people.
 1934  The steamship RMS Queen Mary is launched.
 1941  Off the Azores, British passenger steamer Avoceta is torpedoed by a German U-boat. It sinks within two minutes, killing 123 people.
 1944  World War II: The Allies abandon Operation Market Garden.
 1950  Indonesia is admitted to the UN.
 1950  Korean War: UN forces re-capture Seoul from North Korean forces.
 1954  Japanese railway ferry Toya Maru sinks during a typhoon, killing 1,172 people.
 1955  The Flag and Coat of Arms of East Germany are introduced.
 1959  Typhoon Vera hits Japan, killing 4,580 people.
1960  The first televised United States Presidential debate takes place, between John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon.
 1960  Fidel Castro announces Cuba's support for the Soviet Union.
 1962  The Yemen Arab Republic is proclaimed.
 1969  Abbey Road, the last recorded album by The Beatles, is released.
 1970  The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (709.92 square kilometers) of land.
 1973  Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in record-breaking time.
 1980  The Oktoberfest terror attack in Munich kills 13 people and injures 211.
 1981  The first flight of a Boeing 767 takes place.
 1983  Sailing: The Yacht Australia II wins the America's Cup, ending a 132-year US winning streak.
 1984  The United Kingdom agrees to the 1997 handover of Hong Kong.
 1992  A Nigerian troop transporter plane crashes shortly after take-off in Lagos, killing all 163 soldiers on board.
 1997  A plane crash in Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia, kills 234 people.
1997  A major earthquake strikes central Italy.
 2000  The ship MS Samina sinks off Paros in the Aegean Sea, killing 80 people.
From 2001 
 2001  The Polish Wikipedia is launched.
 2002  A Senegalese ferry capsizes near the Gambia, killing more than 1,000 people.
 2006  Shinzo Abe becomes Prime Minister of Japan for the first time.
 2007  Yasuo Fukuda becomes Prime Minister of Japan.
 2008  Swiss pilot and inventor Yves Rossy becomes the first person to fly a jet engine-powered wing across the English Channel.
 2009  Typhoon Ketsana strikes the Philippines, and several neighboring countries, killing over 700 people.
 2014  Several students are kidnapped from Iguala, Mexico.
 2016  The first 2016 US presidential debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump takes place.
 2017  It is announced that the Republic of Ireland is to hold a referendum on the issue of abortion in 2018.
 2017  An end to the ban on women driving in Saudi Arabia is announced.
 2019  New South Wales becomes the last Australian state to allow abortion.

Births
Up to 1900 
 1329  Anna of Bavaria, Queen of the Romans (d. 1353)
 1406  Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English soldier and politician (d. 1430)
 1698  William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire (d. 1755)
 1711  Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl of Temple, English politician (d. 1779)
 1774  Johnny Appleseed, American folk hero (d. 1847)
 1791  Théodore Géricault, French painter and lithographer (d. 1824)
 1793  William Hobson, 1st Governor of New Zealand (d. 1842)
 1820  Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Bengali scholar (d. 1891)
 1840  Louis-Olivier Taillon, French-Canadian politician (d. 1923)
 1843  Joseph Furphy, Australian writer (d. 1912)
 1849  Ivan Pavlov, Russian scientist (d. 1936)
 1856  Leo Graetz, German physicist (d. 1941)
 1865  Mary Russell, Duchess of Bedford, English pilot and ornithologist (d. 1937)
 1867  Winsor McCay, American animator (d. 1934)
 1869  Komitas Vardapet, Armenian composer (d. 1935)
 1870  King Christian X of Denmark (d. 1947)
 1872  Max Ehrmann, American poet (d. 1945)
1873  Alexey Shchusev, Russian architect (d. 1949)
 1874  Lewis Hine, American photographer and scientist (d. 1940)
 1876  Ghulam Bhik Nairang, Indian poet and Muslim nationalist (d. 1952)
 1877  Alfred Cortot, French pianist (d. 1962)
 1877  Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist (d. 1963)
 1881  Hiram Wesley Evans, American Ku Klux Klan leader (d. 1966)
 1886  Archibald Hill, English mathematician, won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1977)
 1887  Antonio Moreno, Spanish actor (d. 1967)
 1887  Barnes Wallis, English scientist and inventor (d. 1979)
 1888  T. S. Eliot, American poet (d. 1965)
 1889  Martin Heidegger, German philosopher (d. 1976)
 1891  Hans Reichenbach, German philosopher (d. 1953)
 1893  Gladys Brockwell, American actress (d. 1929)
 1895  Jürgen Stroop, German SS officer (d. 1952)
 1897  Pope Paul VI (d. 1978)
 1898  George Gershwin, American composer (d. 1937)
1901  1925 
 1901  George Raft, American actor (d. 1980)
 1905  Millito Navarro, Puerto Rican baseball player (d. 2011)
 1907  Anthony Blunt, British double-agent (d. 1983)
 1909  Bill France, Sr., American racing driver (d. 1992)
 1910  Delfin Benitez Caceres, Paraguayan footballer (d. 2004)
 1913  Berthold Beitz, German businessman (d. 2013)
 1914  Achille Compagnoni, Italian mountaineer (d. 2009)
 1914  Jack LaLanne, American fitness expert (d. 2011)
 1917  Tran Duc Thao, Vietnamese philosopher (d. 1993)
 1918  Olafur Johann Stefansson, Icelandic writer (d. 1988)
 1918  John Zacherle, American television host, voice actor and singer
 1919  Matilde Camus, Spanish poet (d. 2012)
 1919  Ezio Loik, Italian footballer (d. 1949)
 1921  Cyprian Ekwensi, Nigerian writer (d. 2007)
 1922  Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia, claimant to Russian throne (d. 2014)
 1923  Dev Anand, Indian actor and movie producer (d. 2011)
 1923  James Hennessy, British diplomat and public servant
1926  1950 
 1926  Julie London, American singer and actress (d. 2000)
 1927  Patrick O'Neal, American actor
 1927  Robert Cade, American physician (d. 2007)
 1927  Romano Mussolini, Italian jazz musician (d. 2006)
 1927  Enzo Bearzot, Italian footballer (d. 2010)
 1930  Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor (d. 1966)
 1932  Donna Douglas, American actress (d. 2015)
 1932  Manmohan Singh, former Prime Minister of India
 1932  Vladimir Voinovich, Russian writer and dissident (d. 2018)
 1932  Richard Herd, American actor
 1934  Dick Heckstall-Smith, English musician (d. 2004)
 1935  Lou Myers, American actor (d. 2013)
 1936  Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, South African activist (d. 2018)
 1937  Valentin Pavlov, Russian politician (d. 2003)
 1937  Jerry Weintraub, American movie producer (d. 2015)
 1938  Raoul Cauvin, Belgian comic writer
 1939  Ricky Tomlinson, English actor
 1939  George McWhirter, Northern Irish-Canadian writer
 1941  Salvatore Accardo, Italian violinist and composer
1941  Martine Beswick, English model and actress
 1941  Vadim Glowna, German actor (d. 2012)
 1942  Kent McCord, American actor
 1942  Ingrid Becker, German athlete
 1943  Ian Chappell, Australian cricketer
 1944  Jan Brewer, American politician, 22nd Governor of Arizona
 1944  Anne Robinson, English television presenter
 1944  Jean-Pierre Ricard, French cardinal, Archbishop of Bordeaux
 1945  Bobby Clark, Scottish footballer
 1945  Gal Costa, Brazilian singer
 1945  Bryan Ferry, English singer
 1946  Radhna Krishna Mainali, Nepalese politician
 1946  Andrea Dworkin, American activist and writer (d. 2005)
 1946  Christine Todd Whitman, 50th Governor of New Jersey
 1946  Homa Rousta, Iranian actress (d. 2015)
 1947  Lynn Anderson, American singer (d. 2015)
 1948  Olivia Newton-John, Australian-British singer and actress (d. 2022)
 1948  Stuart Tosh, Scottish singer-songwriter and producer
 1949  Clodoaldo, Brazilian footballer
 1949  Minette Walters, English novelist
1951  1975 
 1952  George Wood, Scottish footballer
 1954  Alice, Italian singer-songwriter
 1954  Kevin Kennedy, American baseball player and manager
 1956  Linda Hamilton, American actress
 1957  Roger MacBride Allen, American science fiction writer
 1957  Luigi De Canio, Italian footballer
 1957  Klaus Augenthaler, German footballer
 1958  Rudi Cerne, German ice skater and TV presenter
 1958  Robert Kagan, American historian and writer
 1959  Andrew Bolt, Australian journalist and political commentator
 1960  Uwe Bein, German footballer
 1960  Jouke de Vries, Frisian politician and professor
 1961  Will Self, British writer
 1962  Mark Haddon, British writer
 1962  Melissa Sue Anderson, American actress
 1962  Al Pitrelli, American guitarist (Megadeth)
 1962  Jacky Wu, Taiwanese singer, actor and television host
 1963  Lysette Anthony, English actress and model
 1964  Nicki French, English singer and actress
 1965  Petro Poroshenko, Ukrainian businessman and politician, former President of Ukraine
1968  James Caviezel, American actor
 1969  Holger Stanislawski, German football manager
 1969  Anthony Cavanagh, French-Canadian comedian, actor and singer
 1969  David Slade, English director
 1972  Beto O'Rourke, American politician
 1973  Chris Small, Scottish snooker player
 1973  Julienne Davis, American actress, producer and screenwriter
 1975  Jake Paltrow, American director
From 1976 
 1976  Michael Ballack, German footballer
 1976  Dean Butterworth, English-American drummer (Good Charlotte)
 1976  Tyler Denk, American model
 1978  Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot, Kenyan runner
 1979  Naomichi Marufuji, Japanese professional wrestler
 1979  Jaycie Phelps, American gymnast
 1979  Taavi Roivas, former Prime Minister of Estonia
 1980  Daniel Sedin, Swedish ice hockey player
 1980  Henrik Sedin, Swedish ice hockey player
 1980  Kazuki Ganaha, Japanese footballer
 1981  Christina Milian, American singer
 1981  Serena Williams, American tennis player
 1981  Yao Beina, Chinese singer (d. 2015)
 1983  Ricardo Quaresma, Portuguese footballer
 1985  Lenna Kuurmaa, Estonian singer
 1985  M. Pokora, French singer and songwriter
 1986  Ashley Leggat, Canadian actress, singer and dancer
 1987  Rosanna Munter, Swedish singer
 1988  James Blake, English singer-songwriter
 1988  Marina Kuroki, Japanese actress and singer
 1988  Kiira Korpi, Finnish figure skater
 1989  Ciaran Clark, Irish footballer
1989  Emma Rigby, English actress
 1990  Pavel Avdeyev, Russian footballer
 1991  Alma Jodorowsky, French actress, fashion model and singer
 1993  Michael Kidd-Gilchrist, American basketball player
 2000  Princess Salma bint Al Abdullah II of Jordan
Up to 1960 
 1290  Margaret, Maid of Norway, Queen of Scotland (b. 1283)
 1417  Francesco Zabarella, Italian jurist (b. 1360)
 1425  Sophia of Bavaria, Queen of Bohemia (b. 1376)
 1468  Juan de Torquemada, Spanish cardinal (b. 1388)
 1620  Taicheng, Chinese Emperor (b. 1582)
 1626  Wakisaka Yasuharu, Japanese daimyo (b. 1554)
 1716  Antoine Parent, French mathematician (b. 1666)
 1763  John Byron, English poet (b. 1692)
 1802  Jurij Vega, Slovenian mathematician and military officer (b. 1754)
 1820  Daniel Boone, American frontiersman (b. 1734)
 1867  James Ferguson, Scottish-American astronomer (b. 1797)
 1877  Hermann Grossmann, German polymath (b. 1809)
 1902  Levi Strauss, German-born clothing manufacturer (b. 1829)
 1904  Lafcadio Hearn, Irish-Greek writer (b. 1850)
 1904  John F. Stairs, Canadian businessman and statesman (b. 1848)
 1937  Bessie Smith, American blues singer (b. 1894)
 1945  Béla Bartók, Hungarian composer (b. 1881)
 1945  Kiyoshi Miki, Japanese philosopher (b. 1897)
1947  Hugh Lofting, English writer (b. 1886)
 1952  George Santayana, Spanish philosopher (b. 1863)
 1953  Xu Beihong, Chinese painter (b. 1895)
 1954  Ellen Roosevelt, American tennis player (b. 1868)
 1959  Solomon Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of present-day Sri Lanka (b. 1899)
1961  2015 
 1968  Daniel Johnson, Sr., 20th Premier of Quebec (b. 1915)
 1973  Anna Magnani, Italian actress (b. 1908)
 1976  Lavoslav Ruzicka, Croatian chemist (b. 1887)
 1978  Manne Siegbahn, Swedish physicist (b. 1886)
 1983  Tino Rossi, French singer and actor (b. 1907)
 1984  Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1948)
 1987  Ramang, Indonesian footballer and manager (b. 1928)
 1987  Herbert Tichy, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1912)
 1990  Alberto Moravia, Italian writer (b. 1907)
 1996  Geoffrey Wilkinson, British chemist (b. 1921)
 1998  Betty Carter, American singer (b. 1929)
 2000  Baden Powell de Aquino, Brazilian guitarist (b. 1937)
 2000  Richard Mulligan, American actor (b. 1932)
 2003  Shawn Lane, American guitarist (b. 1963)
 2003  Robert Palmer, British singer (b. 1949)
 2006  Iva Toguri D'Aquino, alleged Tokyo Rose (b. 1916)
 2006  Byron Nelson, American golfer (b. 1912)
 2008  Paul Newman, American actor and director (b. 1925)
 2010  Gloria Stuart, American actress (b. 1910)
2012  Johnny Lewis, American actor (b. 1983)
 2013  Sos Sargsyan, Armenian actor (b. 1929)
 2014  Michael McCarty, American stage actor (b. 1946)
 2014  Sam Hall, American television writer (b. 1921)
 2015  Homa Rousta, Iranian actress (b. 1946)
From 2016 
 2016  Herschell Gordon Lewis, American movie director (b. 1929)
 2016  Ioan Gyuri Pascu, Romanian singer, actor and comedian (b. 1961)
 2017  Robert Delpire, French photographer and filmmaker (b. 1926)
 2017  Barry Dennen, American actor (b. 1938)
 2017  Günter Halm, German World War II lieutenant (b. 1922)
 2017  Rinse Zijlstra, Dutch politician (b. 1927)
 2018  Joe Carolan, Irish footballer (b. 1937)
 2018  Ignaz Kirchner, Austrian actor (b. 1946)
 2019  Giovanni Bramucci, Italian cyclist (b. 1946)
 2019  Jacques Chirac, President of France (b. 1932)
 2019  William Levada, American cardinal (b. 1936)
 2019  Gennadi Manakov, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1950)
 2019  Ronald L. Schlicher, American politician (b. 1956)

Observances 
 European Day of Languages (Council of Europe and EU)
 Day of the National Flag (Ecuador)
 Dominion Day (New Zealand)
 Republic Day (Yemen)

Days of the year
1785 was a common year.

Events 
 January 1 – The Montgolfier brothers fly across the English Channel.

Births 
 December 26 – Laurent Clerc, co-founder of the first American school for the deaf
Deaths 
January 3 – Baldassare Galuppi, Italian composer (b. 1706)
January 19 – Jonathan Toup, English classical scholar and critic (b. 1713)
January 23 – Matthew Stewart, Scottish mathematician (b. 1717)
April 14 – William Whitehead, English writer (b. 1715)
May 8 – Etienne Francois, Duke of Choiseul, French statesman (b. 1719)
June 2 – Jean Paul de Gua de Malves, French mathematician (b. 1713)
June 30 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia (b. 1696)
August 17 – Jonathan Trumbull, Governor of the Colony and the state of Connecticut (b. 1710)
August 26 – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British soldier and politician (b. 1716)
August 28 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (b. 1714)
October 4 – David Brearly, delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention (b. 1703)
November 19 – Bernard de Bury, French composer (b. 1720)
November 25 – Richard Glover, English poet (b. 1712)
December 29 – Johan Herman Wessel, Norwegian writer (b. 1742)
Molière (1622 – 17 February 1673) was a French actor, director and writer. His real name was Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, Molière was his stage name. He wrote some of the most important comedies in human history.

He was born in Paris where his father owned a carpet shop. As a young person, Molière decided to live an artist's life. At the age of 21, he founded a theatre company that soon went bankrupt. From 1645 to 1658, he toured France with some of his friends.

Later, King Louis XIV made Molière responsible for the entertainment at the court of Versailles near Paris.  Molière was happy to have the king among his friends, because he had many enemies, especially important people in the Roman Catholic church. Molière's comedies deal with human weaknesses: jealousy, meanness, hypocrisy, fear of death. By putting his characters in ridiculous situations, Molière wants to entertain and educate his audience.
One of his most important plays is Tartuffe, showing a bigoted man stealing his way into a rich family. Molière's last play was Le Malade Imaginaire, called in English The Hypochondriac. As in many of his comedies, Molière played the main role. He died due to pulmonary tuberculosis on stage during the fourth performance. Because of his problems with the church, he was not allowed to be buried in a church cemetery.

References

Other websites 

 
 Molière's works online  at toutmoliere.net (in French)
 Molière's works online at site-moliere.com
 Molière's works online  at InLibroVeritas.net
 Molière's works online  at classicistranieri.com
 Biography, Bibliography, Analysis, Plot overview  at biblioweb.org (in French)
 Molière's Verses Plays Publication, Statistics, Words Research (in French)
 Professional quality parody - "The Life & Times of Molière" at YouTube.com

1622 births
1673 deaths
Actors from Paris
French playwrights
Writers from Paris
Pen names
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
The Principality of Sealand is an unrecognized micronation that claims HM Fort Roughs (also known as Roughs Tower) as its territory. Roughs Tower is an offshore platform in the North Sea around  off the coast of Suffolk. Roughs Tower was used as a sea fort in international waters during World War II. Since 1987, the tower has been occupied by the family and associates of Paddy Roy Bates, a former British Army major. Bates took the tower from pirate radio broadcasters in 1967. Sealand was invaded by mercenaries in 1978. Sealand was able to defeat the attack. The platform has been in British territory since 1987, when the United Kingdom made its territorial waters larger.
History 
In 1943, during World War II, HM Fort Roughs (sometimes called Roughs Tower) was built by the United Kingdom as one of the Maunsell Forts. Its main goal was to protect the nearby shipping lanes from German mine-laying vehicles. It held 150–300 Royal Navy personnel throughout World War II. The last time it was used by the Royal Navy was in 1956.

Occupation and creation 
Roughs Tower was used in February and August 1965 by Jack Moore and his daughter Jane. They used it as a base for Wonderful Radio London. 

Major Paddy Roy Bates took the fort on 2 September 1967 to use it for his own pirate radio station (Radio Essex). However, he never starting broadcasting. Instead, he declared the independence Roughs Tower as the Principality of Sealand.
In 1968, British workmen entered the claimed territorial waters of the Principality of Sealand to fix a buoy near the platform. Michael Bates (son of Patty Roy Bates) tried to scare the workmen off by firing warning shots from the platform. As Bates was a British subject at the time, he was called to court on firearm charges after the incident. However, the court said that the platform was outside of British waters and the case could not continue.

In 1975, Bates introduced a constitution for Sealand, followed by a national flag, a national anthem, a currency and passports.
1978 attack 
In August 1978, Alexander Achenbach, who said he was the prime minister of Sealand, hired many Dutch and German mercenaries to attack Sealand while Bates and his wife were in Austria. They took the platform and took Bates' son Michael hostage. Michael was able to escape and take back Roughs Tower using weapons stored on the platform. Achenbach was charged with treason. He was held there unless he paid DM 75,000 (more than US$35,000 or £23,000). Germany sent a diplomat from its London embassy to Sealand to negotiate for Achenbach's release. He was released after many weeks of negotiation. Roy Bates claimed that the diplomat's visit meant that Germany had de facto recognized Sealand.

2006 fire
2006 fire 

On the afternoon of 23 June 2006, the top platform of Roughs Tower caught fire because of an electrical fault. A Royal Air Force helicopter took one person to Ipswich Hospital. The Harwich lifeboat stayed nearby Roughs Tower until a local fire tug extinguished the fire. All damage was repaired by November 2006.

Attempted sale 
In January 2007, The Pirate Bay, an online media index founded by the Swedish think tank Piratbyrån, tried to buy Sealand after harsher copyright laws forced them to look for a new headquarters. Between 2007 and 2010, Sealand was offered for sale through the Spanish estate company ImmoNaranja at a price of €750 million (£600 million, US$906 million).
Death of founder 
Roy Bates died at the age of 91 on 9 October 2012. He had been suffering from Alzheimer's disease for many years. He was succeeded by his son Michael. Michael Bates lives in Suffolk, where he and his sons run a family fishing business called Fruits of the Sea. Joan Bates, Roy Bates's wife, died in an Essex nursing home at the age of 86 on 10 March 2016.

Legal status 

In 1987, the UK increased its territorial waters from . Sealand is now in British territorial waters.

Administration 
Sealand is ruled by the Bates family as its royal family. Roy Bates called himself "Prince Roy" and his wife "Princess Joan".

At a micronations conference hosted by the University of Sunderland in 2004, Sealand was represented by Michael Bates's son James. The facility is now occupied by one or more caretakers representing Michael Bates, who lives in Essex.

Sealand holds the Guinness World Record for "the smallest area to lay claim to nation status".
Sports 
The Sealand National Football Association is an associate member of the Nouvelle Fédération-Board. The Nouvelle Fédération-Board is a governing body for football for non-recognised states and states that are not members of FIFA. It administers the Sealand national football team. In 2004 the national team played its first international game against Åland Islands national football team, drawing 2–2.

In 2004, mountaineer Slader Oviatt carried the Sealandic flag to the top of Muztagh Ata. Also in 2007, Michael Martelle represented the Principality of Sealand in the World Cup of Kung Fu, held in Quebec City, Canada. Martelle won two silver medals, becoming the first-ever Sealand athlete to be on a world championship podium.

In 2008, Sealand hosted a skateboarding event with Church and East sponsored by Red Bull.
In 2009, Sealand announced the revival of the Sealand Football Association and their plan to compete in a future Viva World Cup. Scottish writer Neil Forsyth was made President of the Association. Sealand played the second game in their history against Chagos Islands on 5 May 2012, losing 3–1. The team included actor Ralf Little and former Bolton Wanderers defender Simon Charlton.

In 2009 and 2010, Sealand sent teams to play in many ultimate frisbee club tournaments in the United Kingdom, Ireland and the Netherlands. They came 11th at UK nationals in 2010.

On 22 May 2013, the mountaineer Kenton Cool placed a Sealand flag at the summit of Mount Everest.

In 2015, the runner Simon Messenger ran a half-marathon on Sealand as part of his "round the world in 80 runs" challenge.
In August 2018, competitive swimmer Richard Royal became the first person to swim the  from Sealand to the mainland, finishing in 3 hrs 29 mins. Royal visited the platform before the swim, getting his passport stamped. He went into the water from the bosun's chair, signaling the start of the swim, and finished on Felixstowe beach. Royal was awarded a Sealand Knighthood by Michael Bates.

An American football team called the Sealand Seahawks was formed in 2021, announcing a game in Ireland against the South Dublin Panthers on 19 February 2022. The Seahawks won the game 42–13.

References

Other websites 
 The Official Principality of Sealand Homepage
 HavenCo Ltd. 
 Archival Sealand Homepage 
 Website of Rebel Sealand Government 
 National Anthem 
 Claimed transcript of the 1968 UK court case 
 Coins of Sealand
 Meta Haven: Sealand Identity Project
 The Sea Forts 
 HMS Roughs 

Principality of Sealand
A sticky note (or Post-it note) is a small piece of paper with a strip of glue along one edge that make it "sticky," so you can stick it to things. It was invented by Arthur Fry.

The most common sticky note is the Post-it, which is made by a company called 3M. In 1974 a man named Arthur Fry came up with the idea for the sticky note. He used a glue that was originally too weak to be used for anything else, so the notes would come off easy. 3M started to sell Post-Its in 1980.

In 2001, the patent for the glue that 3M uses on Post-it notes expired, so many other companies now make similar sticky notes.

References

Other websites 

 Official Post-It notes Website
 Post-It notes Generator

Technology
Becker was a 1998 American television series. It was a sitcom on the CBS network. It starred Ted Danson as Dr. John Becker, a very grumpy family doctor who is unhappy with his life in The Bronx, New York. Becker became famous for his witty responses and constant negative outlook on all situations. The show aired on Wednesdays, and was cancelled in January 2004.

Characters 

For the first four seasons, the main characters were:

 John Becker – Ted Danson

Becker, a Harvard Medical School graduate, runs a neighborhood medical practice. He is easily annoyed by things, and is a very angry person. He has been married and divorced twice.

 Margaret Wyborn – Hattie Winston

Becker's office manager, and one of the few people who can not get annoyed by Becker and his ways. Margaret is a motherly-like figure to Becker and Linda. She is married.

 Linda – Shawnee Smith

A muddle-headed girl whose surname is never revealed. She works at the doctor's office to establish independence from her wealthy parents.
Regina "Reggie" Kostas – Terry Farrell

The owner and worker of a diner she inherited from her late father. Reggie is a former model and is unhappy being stuck running a diner.

 Jake Malinak – Alex Désert

Becker's best friend. Jake also works at the diner selling newspapers and miscellaneous items such as candy, magazines, cigarettes, gum, etc. Jake is blind following a car accident several years before.

 Bob – Saverio Guerra

Bob loiters at the diner and is Italian. He is an old high school classmate of Reggie's who is short, annoying, and refers to himself in the third person.

American sitcoms
1998 American television series debuts
CBS network shows
2004 American television series endings
English-language television programs