Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Lakeview is a city in Oregon in the United States. It is the county seat of Lake County.

Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
Roquecourbe-Minervois is a commune of 132 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Roquefère is a commune of 79 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Roubia is a commune of 509 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Sainte-Colombe-sur-Guette is a commune of 46 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

Communes in Aude
Routier is a commune of 248 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.

References 

Communes in Aude
Gold Beach (Tolowa: yan-shu’-chit, yan-shuu-chit’-dvn) is a city in Oregon in the United States. It is the county seat of Curry County. It is on the Oregon Coast. As of the 2020 census, 2,241 lived there.

History
The community was first named Ellensburg in the 1850s. The name was changed to Gold Beach after a beach near the mouth of the Rogue River where hundreds of mines extracted gold. An Ellensburgh post office was created in 1853. It changed to Ellensburg in 1877. On 1890, it changed to Gold Beach.

Boats carrying mail were based in Gold Beach. They have been taking mail up the river to Agness since 1895. 

Gold Beach had been a community since the middle of the 19th century. It has been the county seat since 1859. Its incorporation charter only dates to 1945.
In June 2020, the Mayor (Karl Popoff) resigned from a local nonprofit after saying "Black Lives Matter don't matter to Black Lives Matter people ... you can shove your racism bandwagon." Popoff had been mayor for 16 years at that time. He apologized for his tone but stood by the content of his message. He said "Those three words hit me the wrong way", speaking of Black Lives Matter. Most of city councilors voted to censure the mayor and to stop funding for his projects. One coucilor said "He doesn’t know what he wrote was wrong."

References

Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
Canyon City is a city in Oregon in the United States. It is the county seat of Grant County.

References

Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
Grand Hotel is a 1932 American drama movie directed by Edmund Goulding and based on the 1929 novel Menschen im Hotel by Vicki Baum and the 1930 play by William A. Drake. It stars Greta Garbo, Joan Crawford, John Barrymore, Lionel Barrymore, Wallace Berry, Lewis Stone, Jean Hersholt, Tully Marshall and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It won an Academy Award in 1932 and was remade as Week-End at the Waldorf in 1945.

Other websites
 

1932 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
Movies directed by Edmund Goulding
Zürich Stock Exchange (also known as SIX Swiss Exchange) is based in Zurich. It is Switzerland's main stock exchange. The other stock exchange is Berne eXchange.

It is owned by SIX Group which is an unlisted public limited company itself and is controlled by 122 banks or financial institutions.

Zürich Stock Exchange was founded in 1993. It was created by merging the Geneva stock exchange, the Basel stock exchange and the Zurich stock exchange into the Verein Schweizerische Effektenbörse.

References

Stock exchanges in Europe
Buildings and structures in Switzerland
Zürich
Taiwan Stock Exchange (TWSE; ) is a financial institution which is located in Taipei 101, in Taipei, Taiwan. TWSE was established in 1961 and it started operating as a stock exchange on 9 February 1962. It is regulated by the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan.

Taiwan Stock Exchange broadcasts before-hour information from 7:40 to 8:40. Then it has normal trading sessions from 09:00 to 13:45 and a fixed price post-market sessions from 14:00 to 15:00 on all days of the week except Saturdays, Sundays and holidays. These holidays are declared by the exchange in advance.

References

20th-century establishments in Taiwan
1961 establishments in Asia
Economy of Taiwan
Stock exchanges in Asia
Taipei
The Schwarzschild metric was calculated by Karl Schwarzschild as a solution to Einstein's field equations in 1916. Also known as Schwarzschild solution, it is an equation from general relativity in the field of astrophysics. A metric refers to an equation which describes spacetime; in particular, a Schwarzschild metric describes the gravitational field around a Schwarzschild black hole - a non-rotating, spherical black hole with no magnetic field, and where the cosmological constant is zero.

It is essentially an equation that describes how a particle moves through the space near a black hole.

Derivation 
Although a more complicated way of calculating the Schwarzschild metric can be found using Christoffel Symbols, it can also be derived using the equations for escape velocity (), time dilation (dt'), length contraction (dr'):

 (1)

v is the velocity of the particle 
G is the gravitational constant 
M is the mass of the black hole 
r is how close the particle is to the heavy object

 (2) 
 (3)
(2) 
 (3)

dt' is the particle's true change in time 
dt is the particle's change in time  
dr' is the true distance traveled 
dr is the particle's change in distance  
v is the velocity of the particle 
c is the speed of light

Note: the true time interval and true distance traveled by the particle are different than the time and distance calculated in classical physics calculations, since it is traveling in such a heavy gravitational field!

Using the equation for flat spacetime in spherical coordinates:

 (4)

ds is the path of the particle

 is the angle 
d and d are the change in angles

Inputting the equations for escape velocity, time dilation, and length contraction (equations 1, 2, and 3) into the equation for flat spacetime (equation 4), to get the 
Schwarzschild metric:

 (5)
(5)

From this equation we can take out the Schwarzschild radius (), the radius of this black hole. Although this is most commonly used to describe a Schwarzschild black hole, the Schwarzschild radius can be calculated for any heavy object.

 (6)

 is the set radius limit of the object

References 

Relativity
Astrophysics
Fita (Ѳ ѳ; italics: Ѳ ѳ) is a Cyrillic letter that comes from the Greek letter theta. In Cyrillic numerals, it is equal to the number nine.

References

Cyrillic letters
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud is a 1975 American psychological horror drama movie directed J. Lee Thompson and is based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Max Ehrlich. It stars Michael Sarrazin, Margot Kidder, Jennifer O'Neill, Paul Hecht. It was distributed by American International Pictures. David Fincher and Andrew Kevin Walker had announced the remake in 2009.

References

Other websites

1975 horror movies
1975 drama movies
1970s psychological movies
American horror movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies about dreams
Movies about reincarnation
Movies directed by J. Lee Thompson
Movies set in Massachusetts
John Joseph McCarthy (April 25, 1934 – May 9, 2020) was an American basketball player and coach. He was born in Buffalo, New York. He played for the National Basketball Association from 1956 to 1964. He played for the Cincinnati Royals, St. Louis Hawks and the Boston Celtics. He coached the Buffalo Braves from 1971 to 1972.

McCarthy died on May 9, 2020 in Buffalo at the age of 86.

References

Other websites
 BasketballReference.com: Johnny McCarthy (as player) 
 BasketballReference.com: Johnny McCarthy (as coach) 

1934 births
2020 deaths
National Basketball Association coaches
Sacramento Kings players
Atlanta Hawks players
Boston Celtics players
Sportspeople from Buffalo, New York
Adolfo Pajares Compostizo (26 March 1937 – 13 May 2020) was a Spanish politician and businessman. He was born in Torrelavega, Spain. He was a member of the People's Party. Pajares was President of the Parliament of Cantabria from 1990 to 1999.

Pajares died on 13 May 2020 in Santander, Spain at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Spanish politicians
Spanish businesspeople
Torrelavega (Cantabrian: Torlavega) is a municipality in the single province Autonomous Community of Cantabria in northern Spain.

Its highest point is 606 metres and its lowest point is 12 metres.

References

Other websites
Ayuntamiento de Torrelavega
 

Cities in Spain
Municipalities in Cantabria
Gabriel Bacquier (17 May 1924 – 13 May 2020) was a French operatic baritone. He was a long-term member of the Opéra-Comique and the Paris Opera. He also appeared at leading opera houses in Europe and the United States.

Bacquier made his American debut at the Lyric Opera of Chicago in 1962 as the High Priest in Samson et Dalila by Saint-Saëns.

Bacquier died on 13 May 2020, aged 95.

References

1924 births
2020 deaths
French singers
People from Béziers
Lyric Opera of Chicago is one of the leading opera companies in the United States. It was founded in Chicago in 1954, under the name 'Lyric Theatre of Chicago' by Carol Fox, Nicola Rescigno and Lawrence Kelly. Maria Callas's American debut in Norma was held here. 

The Lyric is housed in a theater and related spaces in the Civic Opera Building.

Other websites

Profile at Centerstage Chicago
Chicago Landmarks: Civic Opera Building
Ardis Krainik interview by Bruce Duffie
 May Valentine Lyric Opera Photograph Collection  at Newberry Library
Danny Newman interview by Bruce Duffie

Theatres in Chicago
The Civic Opera Building is a 45-story office tower at 20 North Wacker Drive in Chicago. The building opened November 4, 1929, and has an Art Deco interior. It has a 3,563-seat opera house, the Civic Opera House, which is the second-largest opera auditorium in North America. 

Today, the opera house is the permanent home of the Lyric Opera of Chicago.

Other websites
"The Magic Wand of the Opera" Popular Mechanics, February 1930, pp 202-205 technical details of the 1929 advances Civic Opera House over other opera houses of that era - i.e. curtains, back-drops, movable stages, lighting, etc
Chicago landmarks web site with photos of the building
Civic Opera House website
Lyric Opera website

Buildings and structures in Chicago
The prime minister of the Lao People's Democratic Republic is the head of government of Laos. It is the highest office within the Central Government.

List

Living former prime ministers

References
Bounnhang Vorachith (; born 15 August 1937) is a Laotian politician. He was General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and President of Laos from 2016 to 2021. He was Prime Minister from 2001 to 2006 and Vice President of Laos from 2006 to 2016.

References

1938 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Laos
Presidents of Laos
Vice presidents of Laos
Thongloun Sisoulith , (; born 10 November 1946) is a Laotian politician. In 2021, he became the President of Laos. He was the Prime Minister of Laos from 2016 until 2021.

Related pages

General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party

References

1946 births
Current national leaders
Living people
Presidents of Laos
Prime Ministers of Laos
The President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic is the head of state of Laos.

List of presidents

Living former presidents

References
Prince Souphanouvong (13 July 1909 – 9 January 1995) was a Laotian politician. He was the first President of Laos from December 1975 to August 1991. He was nicknamed "The Red Prince". He was a founding leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. 

Souphanouvong died on 9 January 1995 at the age of 86.

References

1909 births
1995 deaths
Presidents of Laos
Presidents of the National Assembly (Laos)
Phoumi Vongvichit (6 April 1909 – 7 January 1994) was a Laotian politician. From 1986 to 1991, he was the acting President of Laos.

Other websites
 Lao Cultural Profiles
 Obituary by Martin Stuart-Fox
 New York Times, January 12, 1994

1909 births
1994 deaths
Presidents of Laos
Kaysone Phomvihane () (13 December 1920 – 21 November 1992) was a Laotian politician. He was the first leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party from 1955 until his death in 1992. He was the first Prime Minister of the Lao People's Democratic Republic from 1975 to 1991 and then as the second President from 1991 to 1992.

References

1920 births
1992 deaths
Presidents of Laos
Prime Ministers of Laos
Nouhak Phoumsavanh or Phoumsavan (; ; April 9, 1910 – September 9, 2008) was a Laotian politician. He was a longtime Pathet Lao revolutionary and communist party official. He was the 3rd President of Laos from 1992 to 1998.

References

1910 births
2008 deaths
Presidents of Laos
Presidents of the National Assembly (Laos)
John Lee Thompson (1 August 1914 – 30 August 2002) was a British movie director active in London and Hollywood and is best remembered for his Oscar nomination for the 1961 movie The Guns of Navarone. His other movies include Cape Fear, The Yellow Balloon, Ice Cold in Alex, Tiger Bay, Never So Few, Yield to the Night, What a Way to Go!, Country Dance, St. Ives, The Reincarnation of Peter Proud, Happy Birthday to Me, 10 to Midnight, Murphy's Law, The Evil That Men Do, Firewalker, and Kinjite: Forbidden Subjects.

Other websites
 
 

1914 births
2002 deaths
British movie directors
People from Bristol
Lieutenant General Choummaly Sayasone (Lao: ຈູມມະລີ ໄຊຍະສອນ; born 6 March 1936) is a Laotian politician. He was the General Secretary (leader) of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). He was the  President of Laos from 2006 to 2016. He was the third Vice President of Laos from 2001 to 2006.

References

1936 births
Living people
Presidents of Laos
Vice presidents of Laos
Vice President of Laos is the political position in Laos created in 1996. The Vice President is elected by the National Assembly of Laos.

List
The history of the office holders follows.

References

Related pages
President of Laos
Phankham Viphavanh (; born 14 April 1951) is a Laotian politician. In 2021, he became the Prime Minister of Laos. He is a member of Politburo. He is the Executive Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. He was the Vice President of Laos from 2016 until 2021.

References

Living people
1951 births
Prime Ministers of Laos
Vice presidents of Laos
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun
This is a list of individuals who served as President of the National Assembly of Laos.

Presidents of the National Assembly

Presidents of the Supreme People's Assembly

Presidents of the National Assembly

References
Lieutenant General Samane Viyaket (3 March 1927 – 22 July 2016) was a Laotian national politician. He was the President of the National Assembly of Laos from 1993 to 2006. 

He was born in Phichit Province, Siam. He was in charge of ideological and cultural works of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP).

He died on 22 July 2016 at the age of 89.

References

1927 births
2016 deaths
Presidents of the National Assembly (Laos)
Thongsing Thammavong (Lao: ທອງສິງ ທຳມະວົງ; born 12 April 1944) is a Laotian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Laos from 2010 to 2016. He is a member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). He has been a member of the LPRP Politburo since 1991. He was the President of the National Assembly from 2006 to 2010.

References

1944 births
Living people
Presidents of the National Assembly (Laos)
Prime Ministers of Laos
The Yellow Balloon is a 1953 British drama movie directed by J. Lee Thompson and starring Kathleen Ryan, Andrew Ray, Kenneth More, Bernard Lee, Sid James, Marjorie Rhodes, William Sylvester, Veronica Hurst. It was distributed by Associated British Picture Corporation.

Other websites

1953 drama movies
British drama movies
Movies directed by J. Lee Thompson
Pany Yathotou (born 18 February 1951) is a Laotian politician. She is a member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. In 2021, she became the Vice President of Laos.

She was the chairman and governor of the Bank of the Lao P.D.R. from 1988 until 1997. Yathotou later became a member of the National Assembly in 1998. She became the President of the National Assembly of Laos in 2010.

References

1950s births
Living people
Vice presidents of Laos
Presidents of the National Assembly (Laos)
The National Assembly (, ) is the unicameral parliament of Laos. The National Assembly meets in Vientiane.

Laos is a one-party state, with the Lao People's Revolutionary Party as the sole legal party in the country.

References

Laos
Laos
Organizations based in Laos
Unicameral legislatures
Vicki is a 1953 American crime drama movie directed by Harry Horner and is based on I Wake Up Screaming by Steve Fisher is a remake of the 1941 movie. It stars Jeanne Crain, Jean Peters, Elliott Reid, Richard Boone, Aaron Spelling, Carl Betz. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 
 
 

American crime drama movies
1953 crime drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
is a 1953 Japanese drama movie directed by Yasujirō Ozu and starring Chishū Ryū, Chieko Higashiyama, Setsuko Hara, Haruko Sugimura, So Yamamura, Kuniko Miyake. It was distributed by Shochiku.

Other websites
 

1953 drama movies
Japanese drama movies
Japanese-language movies
Movies directed by Yasujirō Ozu
The Money Pit is a 1986 American comedy movie directed by Richard Benjamin. The movie is a remake of Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House, a 1948 Cary Grant comedy. The Money Pit stars Tom Hanks and Shelley Long as a couple who try to fix a recently purchased house. 

It was filmed in New York City and Lattingtown, New York, and was co-executive produced by Steven Spielberg.

References

1986 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movie remakes
Movies directed by Richard Benjamin
The Incorporated Village of Lattingtown is a village located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York in the United States. The population was 1,739 at the 2010 census. 

Lattingtown is located at  (40.894334, -73.595118).

References

Villages in New York (state)
Big is a 1988 American fantasy comedy-drama movie directed by Penny Marshall. It stars Tom Hanks as Adult Josh Baskin, a young boy who makes a wish "to be big" and then becomes an adult the next day. The movie also stars Elizabeth Perkins, David Moscow as young Josh, John Heard and Robert Loggia

Big had two Academy Award nominations for Best Actor (Hanks) and Best Original Screenplay.

References

1988 fantasy movies
1988 comedy-drama movies
American fantasy movies
American comedy-drama movies
Movies directed by Penny Marshall
Henderson is a city and the county seat of Rusk County, northeast Texas, United States. The population was 13,712 at the 2010 census. Henderson is named for James Pinckney Henderson, the first governor of Texas.

References

Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
The COVID-19 pandemic spread to the United States in January 2020. The first confirmed case of local transmission was recorded in January in Chicago and the first known deaths happened in February.

By the end of March, cases had happened in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and all U.S. territories except American Samoa.

As of ,  cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and  people have died of COVID-19.

Deaths
As of May 13, 2020, the U.S. had the most confirmed active cases and deaths in the world, and its death rate was 206 per million people, the tenth-highest rate globally.

Trump response
The Trump administration made a public health emergency on January 31, and on February 2nd he began to end the entry of most foreign nationals who had recently travelled to China. People have said that the country's response to the pandemic was slow regarding testing and medical response.
Warnings
On February 25, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warned the American public for the first time to prepare for a local outbreak.

National emergency
A national emergency was declared on March 13. In early March, the Food and Drug Administration began allowing public health agencies and private companies to create and carry out tests. The Trump administration waited until mid-March to start purchasing large amounts of medical equipment.

On March 16, the White House announced that they were against any gatherings of more than ten people. Since March 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of State has said all U.S. citizens to avoid all international travel.

State and local responses
State and local responses to the outbreak have included cancellation of large gatherings, stay-at-home orders, and the closing of schools and other educational institutions. 

Large numbers of outbreaks in the U.S. were seen in black American populations.
Many numbers of infections and deaths have happened in nursing homes, long-term care facilities, prisons, and other detention centers, meatpacking plants, churches, and larger cities such as New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Seattle.

Prisons

In July 2020, scientists from Johns Hopkins University told people that deaths from COVID-19 in United States prisons were much higher than the average for the whole country. There were about 3251 sick prisoners and 39 deaths out of every 100,000 prisoners. The national average was about 587 sick United States residents and 29 deaths for every 100,000 United States residents.

References

 
United States
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic was first confirmed to have spread to Spain on 31 January 2020, when a German tourist tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in La Gomera, Canary Islands. By 13 March, cases had been confirmed in all 50 provinces of the country.

A state of alarm and national lockdown was made on 14 March. On 29 March it was announced that, beginning the following day, all non-essential workers were to stay home for the next 14 days. By late March, the Community of Madrid had recorded the most cases and deaths in the country. 

On 25 March the death toll in Spain passed that of mainland China, and only Italy's was higher. 

On 2April, 950 people died of the virus in a 24-hour period—at the time, the most by any country in a single day. The next day Spain passed Italy in total cases and was then second only to the United States.

References

2020s in Spain
Spain
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic was first confirmed to have spread to Italy on 30 January 2020, when two Chinese tourists in Rome tested positive for the virus.

Clusters
A large amount of cases was later found, starting with 16 confirmed cases in Lombardy on 21 February, and 60 additional cases and the first deaths on 22 February. By the beginning of March, the virus had spread to all regions of Italy.

On 30 January, the Italian government stopped all flights to and from China and declared a state of emergency. In February, eleven cities in northern Italy were seen as the centres of the two main Italian infected areas and placed under quarantine. The majority of positive cases in other regions traced back to these two areas.
Conte's response
On 8 March 2020, Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte expanded the quarantine to all of Lombardy and 14 other northern provinces, and on the following day to all of Italy were placed on quarantine. On 11 March 2020, Conte prohibited nearly all commercial activity except for supermarkets and pharmacies. 

On 21 March, the Italian government closed all non-essential businesses and industries, and stopped movement of people.

Cases
, Italy has 78,457 active cases, one of the highest in the world.
Overall there have been 
222,104 confirmed cases and 
31,106 deaths (a rate of 509  deaths per million population), while there have been  
112,541 recoveries or dismissals. 

By 13 May, Italy had tested about 1,779,000 people. Because of the limited number of tests performed, the real number of infected people in Italy, as in other countries, is seen to be higher than the official count.
Numbers
On 19 March, Italy became the country with the highest number of confirmed coronavirus deaths; however, on 11 April, the United States topped Italy.

References

2020s disasters in Italy
Italy
The COVID-19 pandemic started with a large number of unknown, possible pneumonia cases in the city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, China. A Wuhan hospital told the local center for disease control and prevention (CDC) and health commissions on 27 December 2019.

The beginning
On 31 December, the Wuhan CDC told the media that there was a large number of unknown pneumonia cases related to Huanan Seafood Market.

The possible disease outbreak soon became known nationwide including that of the National Health Commission (NHC) in Beijing who sent experts to Wuhan on the following day. Chinese authorities notified the World Health Organisation on this same day. On 8 January, a new coronavirus was identified as the cause of the pneumonia.
Government response
Public and media criticized Chinese officials for a slow response to fight the outbreak when it first started. By 29 January, the virus spread to all provinces of mainland China. All provinces of mainland China began a large public health emergency. The World Health Organization declared the outbreak a "Public Health Emergency of International Concern" on 31 January, saying that there are reasons that it could spread to other countries, such as those without robust healthcare systems. By 8 February, over 724 died from the coronavirus and 34,878 were confirmed to have been infected. In Hubei alone, there were 24,953 cases of infections and 699 related deaths.

The Chinese government may have censored talks about the outbreak since the beginning of its spread. On 25 January, Chinese Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping warned about a "grave situation" in China.
The Chinese New Year celebrations were cancelled. Passengers across the country have been checked for their temperatures. 

By 29 January, all Hubei cities were quarantined. Curfew laws were added in Huanggang, Wenzhou, and other mainland cities.

Shortages
In February 2020, the region also saw a huge shortage of face masks and other protective gear even though China called themselves the world's largest makers of these masks. Other countries donated medical supplies to help China deal with the epidemic.

Lowering numbers
On 25 February, the number of newly confirmed cases outside mainland China passed those from within for the first time. By 6 March the reported number of new cases had dropped to well fewer than 100 nationally per day, down from thousands per day.
Origin 
Many human coronaviruses have their origin in bats. The human coronavirus NL63 shared a common ancestor with a bat coronavirus (ARCoV.2) between 1190 and 1449 AD. The human coronavirus 229E shared a common ancestor with a bat coronavirus (GhanaGrp1 Bt CoV) between 1686 and 1800 AD. More recently, alpaca coronavirus and human coronavirus 229E diverged sometime before 1960. 

MERS-CoV emerged in humans from bats through the intermediate host of camels. MERS-CoV, although related to several bat coronavirus species, appears to have diverged from these several centuries ago. 

The most closely related bat coronavirus and SARS-CoV diverged in 1986. The ancestors of SARS-CoV first infected leaf-nose bats; later, they spread to horseshoe bats, then to Asian palm civets, and finally to humans.

Racism 
Racism among Asians such as Chinese people grew during the pandemic such as criticisms of their markets, lifestyles and food choices. Some rumors say that China made the virus in a lab.

Notes

References
Notes

References

 
China
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Iran reported its first confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections on 19 February 2020 in Qom. The virus may have been brought to the country by a merchant from Qom who had travelled to China.

Government response
In response to the coronavirus the government cancelled public events and Friday prayers. They closed schools, universities, shopping centres, bazaars, and holy shrines; and banned festival celebrations. 

Economic help were also announced to help families and businesses. The government at first did not support plans to quarantine entire cities and areas. The government later announced a ban on travel between cities following an increase in the number of new cases.
Numbers
Some outside guesses of the numbers of COVID-19 deaths were much higher than those from government sources, with one saying over 40,000 deaths. The government was also accused of cover-ups, censorship, and not handling the pandemic well. However, the World Health Organization said that it had not seen problems with Iran's reported numbers.

Cases and deaths
Many government ministers and senior officials have been diagnosed as SARS-CoV-2 positive. As of 3 March 2020, 23 members of the Parliament (around 8% of all MPs) tested positive. 

At least 12 sitting or former Iranian politicians and officials had died from the virus by 17 March.

Notable deaths 
Some of the well known Iranians reported to have died from COVID-19 include:

 Hadi Khosroshahi, 
 Mohammad Mirmohammadi
 Hossein Sheikholeslam
 Fatemeh Rahbar
 Reza Mohammadi Langroudi 
 Mohammad-Reza Rahchamani
 Nasser Shabani
 Hashem Bathaie Golpayegani
 Hamid Kahram

References

2020 in Iran
Iran
2021 in Iran
2022 in Iran
The first case of the COVID-19 pandemic in India was reported on 30 January 2020, originating from China.

Numbers
The infection rate of COVID-19 in India was reported to be 1.7, which was lower than in the worst affected countries.

The outbreak was called an epidemic in more than a dozen states and union territories.

Response
On 22 March 2020, India made a 14-hour voluntary public curfew at the instance of the prime minister Narendra Modi. The government followed it up with lockdowns in 75 districts where COVID-19 cases had occurred as well as all major cities. On 24 March, the prime minister ordered a nationwide lockdown for 21 days, affecting the entire 1.3billion population of India. On 14 April, the prime minister extended the nationwide lockdown until 3 May.

Lockdown effects
People worried about the economic effects caused by the lockdown, which has would have on informal workers, micro and small enterprises, farmers and the self-employed.
Observers stated that the lockdown slowed the growth rate of the pandemic by 6 April to a rate of doubling every 6 days, and, by 18 April, to a rate of doubling every 8 days.

The Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), in its report based on data from 73 countries, reports that the Indian Government responded more strictly than other countries in the pandemic.

Notes

References

2020 in India
India
2021 in India
2022 in India
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic spread to Germany on 27 January 2020, when the first case was confirmed near Munich, Bavaria.

Background
The majority of cases in January and early February came from the same automobile-parts business place as the first case. On 25 and 26 February, multiple cases related to the Italian outbreak were found in Baden-Württemberg. A large number linked to a carnival event was formed in Heinsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, with the first death reported on 9March 2020. New larger groups were found in other regions via Heinsberg as well as by people arriving from China, Iran and Italy, from where non-Germans could arrive by plane until 17–18 March.
Stages
The outbreaks were first managed in a containment stage, which tried to lower the increase of larger infected areas. The German government and several health officials stated the country was ready and did not create special measures to increase medical supplies or limit public freedom. Since 13 March, the pandemic has been managed in the protection stage. Two days later, borders to five neighboring countries were closed.

Actions
By 22 March, all regional governments had announced curfews or restrictions in public spaces. Throughout Germany, travelling was only allowed in groups of two people unless they are from the same household.

Some German states added more restrictions allowing people to leave their homes only for specified activities including commuting to work, exercising or purchasing food.
Numbers
 173,699 cases had been reported with 7,791 deaths and about 147,200 recoveries. The low fatality rate in Germany, compared to Italy and Spain, resulted in a debate and explanations that say the country's higher number of tests performed, higher number of available intensive care beds with respiratory support, absence of COVID-19 analyses in autopsies and higher proportion of positive cases among younger people.

Notes

References

2020s in Germany
Germany
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached France on 24 January 2020, when the first COVID-19 case in both Europe and France was identified in Bordeaux.

The beginning
The first five confirmed cases were all people who had recently arrived from China. A Chinese tourist who was admitted to hospital in Paris on 28 January died on 14 February, making it the first COVID-19 death in France. The annual assembly of the Christian Open Door Church between 17 and 24 February in Mulhouse which was attended by about 2,500 people was believed where the virus spread throughout France.
Macron's response
On 12 March, French President Emmanuel Macron announced on public television that all schools and all universities would close from Monday 16 March until further notice. The next day, Prime Minister Édouard Philippe banned gatherings of more than 100 people, not including public transport. The following day, the prime minister ordered the closure of all non-essential public places, including restaurants, cafés, cinemas and nightclubs, effective at midnight.

On 16 March, Macron announced mandatory home order for 15 days starting at noon on 17 March. This was extended twice, until 11 May, after which the order would end only if citizens wore face masks.
Emergency
On 2 May, Olivier Véran announced that the government would seek to extend the health emergency until 24 July. Many mayors were against the 11 May lifting of the lockdown, which had been announced by the President a few weeks earlier in a televised address to the nation, and said it was too soon. Veran's bill was discussed in Senate on 4 May.

Cases
, France has reported over 140,734 confirmed cases, 27,074 deaths, and 58,673 recoveries, ranking sixth in number of confirmed cases, passing China where the outbreak began.

References

2020 in Europe
2020s in France
France
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic spread to the United Kingdom in late January 2020. As of ,  cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and  people have died of COVID-19.

Numbers
More than 90% of those dying had underlying illnesses or were over 60 years old. The infection rate was higher in care homes than in the community. There were large regional difference in the outbreak's severity. The outbreak in London had the highest total number and the most infections. England and Wales were the UK countries with the highest recorded death rate per head, and Northern Ireland had the lowest.

Government response before the pandemic
The Department of Health and Social Care created a public health campaign to help slow the virus's spread, and began posting daily updates in early February.
In February, the Heath Secretary, Matt Hancock, proposed the Health Protection (Coronavirus) Regulations 2020. Hospitals set up drive-through screening (testing for the disease). The Chief Medical Officer for England, Chris Whitty, created a four-stage strategy to tackle the outbreak: contain, delay, research and mitigate (help, lessen).

Cases
First cases in the United Kingdom were on on 28 February, and by 1March there were cases in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Government response during the pandemic
The government created the Coronavirus Action Plan, and said the outbreak a "level 4 incident". 

On 11 March, the outbreak was declared a pandemic. Four days later—following the outbreak in Italy, the government said everyone should avoid all "non-essential" travel and contact with others, avoid crowds, and work from home if possible. Those with symptoms, and their household, were asked to self-isolate.
Pregnant women, the over 70s, and those with certain illnesses were asked to self-isolate for longer. Panic buying was reported.

Lockdowns
On 20 March 2020, the four governments shut all schools, restaurants, pubs, indoor entertainment venues and leisure centres, with some exceptions. On 23 March, the UK government made a lockdown on the whole population, banning all "non-essential" travel and contact with people outside one's home and shutting almost all businesses, venues, facilities, amenities and places of worship. 

People were told to keep apart in public. Police were given the power to enforce the lockdown, and the Coronavirus Act 2020 gave the government emergency powers not used since the Second World War.

More lockdowns took place in October, November and December 2020. Different places had different rules. A national lockdown in England began on 5 January 2021.
Effects
It is said that the lockdown will severely damage the UK economy, lead to millions of job losses, worsen mental health and suicide rates, and cause "collateral" deaths due to isolation, delays and falling living standards. 

Researchers suggest the lockdown could be lifted by shielding only the most vulnerable and using contact tracing.

Some schools stayed open to teach the children of essential workers, at-risk children, and children with special education needs.  However, adults who work for disabled students' rights told Parliament that British educators had unfairly sent special education students home without good reasons.

Covid vaccine administration 
Starting with the most at risk, the UK vaccinations is going in this order:

Notes

References

2020s in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
National Health Service
Health in the United Kingdom
The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ().

The beginning
The disease was confirmed to have reached Canada on January 27, 2020, after a man who had returned to Toronto from Wuhan, Hubei, China, tested positive. , there have been over 134,000 confirmed cases, 118,000 recoveries and 9,000 deaths in the country. The Government of Canada said that around 11,000–22,000 deaths could happen over the course of the pandemic.

Cases
Most of those cases are in Canada's most populous provinces, Ontario (19,598 cases, 1,540 deaths) and Quebec (36,150 cases, 2,725 deaths). 

Confirmed cases have been reported in all of Canada's provinces and territories. An additional 13 cases involve citizens from the Grand Princess cruise ship.
Among the Canadians who contracted the virus was Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, wife of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, who tested positive for the virus on March 12 after which the family went into self-isolation. By March 28, she had recovered.

Spread
Until March 2020, all cases were linked to recent travel to a country with a large number of cases. The first case of community transmission in Canada was confirmed in British Columbia on March 5,  and Toronto's chief health officer announced on March 16 that there is "some evidence of community transmission" (that the disease was spreading within the country).

Closures
In mid March, as cases of community transmission were confirmed, all of Canada's provinces and territories declared states of emergency. Provinces and territories made school and daycare shutdown, ended on gatherings, closed non-essential businesses, restrictions on entry, and mandatory self-isolation for travellers. 

Canada severely restricted its border access.

References
References

2020s in Canada
Canada
Ryan Russell is an British actor, best known for being a presenter on CBeebies from 2017 to 2019 and for playing the role of Michael Bailey in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street since 2019. He studied Performance at the University of Salford and has appeared onstage in It's a Wonderful Life and Cassio and in commercials for Superdrug and WeBuyAnyCar.com. Russell was also one of the kids on World of Colours.

Other websites 
 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
British television actors
British television presenters
The COVID-19 pandemic was reported to have spread to Ecuador on 29 February 2020. That was when a woman in her 70s tested positive for the virus. Ecuador was described in April as the growing "epicentre" of the pandemic in Latin America.

Deaths
The city of Guayaquil had so many deaths that bodies were left in the street. Ecuador gave out cardboard coffins because the country had difficulty removing all the dead bodies. The government was planning to build emergency cemeteries to dispose of the bodies which are left in the streets.

Vaccination
In April 2021, newly elected President Guillermo Lasso said that his main priorities after being inaugurated would be to increase the COVID-19 vaccination rates in the country. Lassos said he aim for bilateral talks with Russia, China, the United States, the European Union and Chile to try to acquire vaccines.
Numbers
The number of deaths was believed to be higher than the official figure because not enough testing was being done. A New York Times analysis found 7,600 more deaths had happened from 1 March to 15 April as the mortality rate spiked to three times as much as usual. That showed that the official death toll was lower than the actual death toll.

Current number of cases by provinces

Notes

References

2020s in Ecuador
Ecuador
The COVID-19 pandemic spread to Russia on 31 January 2020, when two Chinese tourists in Tyumen, Siberia and Chita, Russian Far East tested positive for the virus, with both cases being contained.

Measures
Early prevention measures happened within the first cases. They included restricting the border with China and large testing. The infection spread from Italy on 2 March, leading to more measures such as cancelling events, closing schools, theatres and museums, shutting the border, and declaring a non-working period which lasted up to 11 May, having been extended twice.

Cases
By the end of March, lockdowns were added in the large majority of federal subjects, including Moscow. By 17 April, cases were confirmed in all federal areas. On 27 April, the number of confirmed cases passed those in China and on 30 April, it passed 100,000.
As of 14 May, Russia has 252,245 confirmed cases, 53,530 recoveries, 2,305 deaths, and over 6.1 million tests performed, ranking second in number of confirmed cases. The city of Moscow is currently the most affected, having the majority of confirmed cases.

References

Russia
CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)
2020 in Russia
2021 in Russia
2022 in Russia
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Mexico in February 2020. However, the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) reported two cases of COVID-19 in mid-January 2020 in the states of Nayarit and Tabasco, one case per state.

As of May 13, there had been 40,186 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Mexico and 4,220 reported deaths, although the Secretariat of Health said in early May 2020 that there were more than 104,562 cases in Mexico.

Background
On January 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a large group of people in Wuhan, Hubei, China, which was reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019.

Early action
On January 22, 2020, the Secretariat of Health issued a statement saying that the novel coronavirus COVID-19 was not a threat to Mexico. 441 cases had been confirmed in China, Thailand, South Korea, and the United States. A travel warning was issued on January 9.
First cases
On February 28, Mexico confirmed its first three cases. A 35-year-old man and a 59-year-old man in Mexico City and a 41-year-old man in the northern state of Sinaloa tested positive and were held in isolation at a hospital and a hotel. They had travelled to Bergamo and stayed in Italy for a week in mid-February.

López Obrador's reaction
President Andrés Manuel López Obrador did not take the pandemic seriously such as the impact of coronavirus. He said "Pandemics ... won't do anything to us," and criticized the press and the opposition for its reportage.

A poll showed that 63% of Mexicans feared contracting COVID-19 and 25.5% feared dying from it. 28% said they were not willing to stay in their homes. 38.6% believed President López Obrador was handling the situation well, and 37% disapproved.

References

2020s in Mexico
Mexico
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Brazil on 25 February 2020, when a man from São Paulo tested positive for the virus. 

As of 13 May 2020, 188,974 cases have been confirmed in the country, causing 13,149 deaths.

Background
On 12 January, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a new coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.

Cases
On 17 March, Brazil's first coronavirus-related death was confirmed. At this time, there were 291 confirmed cases in the country. Three days later, State health departments reported almost a thousand confirmed cases across 23 of 26 states and also in the Federal District.

A month after the first confirmed case on February 26, the Ministry of Health reported that Brazil had 2,915 confirmed cases and 77 deaths. On 30 April, Brazil overtook China in number of confirmed cases, passing 87,000.

Government responses
The pandemic has caused a large difference of responses from federal, state and local governments. On 27 March Brazil announced a temporary ban on foreign air travelers, and most state governors have added quarantines to prevent the spread of the virus.

Criticism of Bolsonaro's response
Despite the global impact of the virus and guidelines from the World Health Organization, President Jair Bolsonaro says that the risk caused by coronavirus has been exaggerated. State governors have disagreed, causing lockdowns measures in their own states.

On 13 March, President Jair Bolsonaro tested negative for COVID-19. The same day, the Ministry of Health issued a warning recommending Brazilians and foreigners arriving in Brazil to stay in isolation for at least 7 days.

References

2020s in Brazil
Brazil
The 2020 Pacific typhoon season was an event in which typhoons formed in the Pacific Ocean. The season lasts all year, although most tropical cyclones form between May and October. The season's first tropical cyclone formed on May 10, making it the sixth-latest start in the basin on record.

Typhoon Vongfong (Ambo), the season’s first storm, became a Category 3 typhoon and struck the Philippines, causing extensive damages during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Season summary

The first few months of 2020 were extremely quiet, with no tropical systems developing between the months of January and April. On May 10, the season saw its first tropical system with the development of Ambo, making it the sixth-latest starting season on record, as well as the latest since 2016. Two days later, the system strengthened to the first officially named tropical storm of the season, Vongfong. Vongfong then hit the Philippines at peak intensity, and weakened soon after landfall.
After Vongfong, a month of inactivity ensued, and on June 10, a new tropical depression formed off the coast of Samar, and was named Butchoy by the PAGASA a day later. Butchoy made landfall in the Philippines as the JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert for it. It then got upgraded to a tropical storm, and impacted Hong Kong, Macau and parts of China upon landfall.

Typhoon Vongfong 

A low-pressure area near Micronesia slowly organized over the course of a few hours, and developed into a tropical depression soon after. It became the first tropical cyclone to form in the Western Pacific in 2020, and PAGASA named it "Ambo". Favourable sea temperatures, low wind shear and excellent vertical outflow made the system intensify into a tropical storm, then the JMA named it "Vongfong".
Tropical Storm Nuri