Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
. When some Chinese loanwords changed meanings in Japanese, their meanings also changed in Korean because Korea was a Japanese colony at the time these words changed. Since Koreans were forced by law to speak Japanese and forbidden to speak Korean, the Chinese loanwords adopted the new Japanese meanings when Koreans were allowed to freely speak their own language again.
Today, South Koreans write using a mix of hangul (the native Korean alphabet) and hanja 漢子 (the Korean version of Chinese characters), although they write using the latter far less than Chinese and Japanese do. Since Chinese words often sound similar to each other even in Chinese, they also became homophones when they came into Korean, but since Korean lacks tones, they sound even more alike in Korean. South Koreans usually write only in hangul, but sometimes when a word has many homophones and the meaning of the word is unclear from context, Koreans sometimes write the word in hanja so that there is no confusion between words. For example, since the Korean word sudo (hanja: 수도) has many homophones and can have meanings like "spiritual discipline", "prisoner", "city of water, i.e. Venice or Suzhou", "paddy rice", "drain/rivers/path of surface water", "tunnel", or "capital city", so to avoid confusion about what sudo means, these words can be written by their hanja, which are 修道, 囚徒, 水都, 水稻, 水道, 隧道, and 首都
. However, Koreans almost never write native Korean words in hanja. For example, native Korean words like Hananim (hangul: 하나님, hanja: 神, meaning: God), mul (hangul: 물, hanja: 水, meaning: water), mal (hangul: 말, hanja: 馬, meaning: horse), nara (hangul: 나라, hanja: 國, country), and saram (hangul: 사람, hanja: 人, meaning: person) will almost always be written in hangul, even though many of them can be written in hanja. This is different from Japanese, which often writes Chinese characters to represent both native Japanese words and Chinese loanwords.
North Korea 
In North Korea, where Korean nationalism became very strong, hanja and many Chinese loanwords were abolished to "purify" the Korean language, or to get rid of words from other languages and use native words instead. Nowadays, when North Koreans write in Korean, they only write in hangul.
Koreans usually have a one-word family name of Chinese origin and a two-word given name also of Chinese origin. Traditionally, one word in the given name would be the same as all the person's siblings, and the other would be unique to themselves. Examples include Park Geun-hye (hangul: 박근혜, hanja: 朴槿惠) and Kim Jong-un (hangul: 김정은, hanja: 金正恩). Some Koreans, however, have a two-word family name of Chinese origin, like Namgung (hangul: 남궁, hanja: 南宮) and a one-word given name of Chinese origin like in Namkung Do (hangul: 남궁도, hanja: 南宮道). In other cases, Koreans may have a one-word given name and a one-word family name. An example of this is Go Soo (hangul: 고수, hanja: 高洙). Nowadays, however, it has become more common for Koreans to have their given name be a native Korean word, like Haneul (hanja:한을, meaning: "Heaven"/"Sky"), Areum (hanja:아름, meaning: "Beauty"), Iseul (hanja:이슬 "Dew"), and Seulgi (hanja:슬기, meaning: "Wisdom"). On official documents, Koreans must write their names in hanja and hangul
. For native Korean names, Koreans chose hanja that just have the same pronunciation as the word's syllables rather than hanja that have the same meaning.
References

Korean language
Chinese language
The Council of the Isles of Scilly is the local government for the Isles of Scilly. There are 16 councilors in it, they help run the Isles of Scilly, but don't make any laws. Only the Parliament of the United Kingdom can make laws for the Isles of Scilly.

References

Isles of Scilly
Government of Cornwall
Henry Jenner (8 August 1848 – 8 May 1934) was a scholar and writer from Cornwall who studied Celtic languages. He brought back the dead language of the Cornish people called Cornish (Kernewek).

References

Writers from Cornwall
1848 births
1934 deaths
Callington is a town and civil parish in Cornwall. It is near the River Tamar, and about seven miles (11 km) north of Saltash and nine miles south of Launceston. 5,876 people live there. Lots of people in Callington work for Ginsters making pasties.

References

Towns in Cornwall
Civil parishes in Cornwall
Market towns in England
Mebyon Kernow – The Party for Cornwall (, MK; Cornish for Sons of Cornwall) is a political party in Cornwall. It campaigns in local and national Elections. It has policies that are about making Cornwall a better place.

Further reading

References

Other websites
 Mebyon Kernow Website

Politics of Cornwall
Political parties in the United Kingdom
1951 establishments in the United Kingdom
1950s establishments in England
Organisations based in Cornwall
Masein () is a municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

References 

Municipalities in Hinterrhein
Mountain gorillas are gorillas from Eastern Africa. Some live in the Virunga Mountains of Central Africa, within three national parks. The other lives in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park of Uganda.

References

Gorillas
In statistics, a p-value is the probability that the null hypothesis (the idea that a theory being tested is false) gives for a specific experimental result to happen.  p-value is also called probability value.  If the p-value is low, the null hypothesis is unlikely, and the experiment has statistical significance as evidence for a different theory.

In many fields, an experiment must have a p-value of less than 0.05 for the experiment to be considered evidence of the alternative hypothesis. In short, a low p-value means a higher chance of the null hypothesis being false.

Statistics
George Kingsley Zipf (; January 7, 1902 – September 25, 1950), was an American scientist in the fields of linguistics, philology, mathematics and statistics. He came up with a law of word frequency in languages which bears his name.

References 

Scientists from Illinois
1902 births
1950 deaths
Harvard University alumni
Ginsters is a company in Callington, Cornwall that makes pasties. It is owned by another company called Samworth Brothers. It makes "Original Cornish Pasty" food products, as well as pies and pastries.

References

Organisations based in Cornwall
Companies of England
Food companies of the United Kingdom
Pixar computer animated movies released by Disney

References

Pixar
Lists of movies
A Cornish Assembly is a law making parliament that some Cornish people and politicians argue should exist as part of a devolution agreement with the United Kingdom. So far the Parliament of the United Kingdom has not allowed it to be made.

References

Politics of Cornwall
References

 
Lists of civil parishes in England
Frank Árpád Darabont (born Darabont Ferenc Árpád; January 28, 1959) is a Hungarian-American film director, screenwriter and producer who has been nominated for three Academy Awards and a Golden Globe Award. He is best known for his film adaptations of Stephen King novels such as The Shawshank Redemption, The Green Mile, and The Mist.

References

1959 births
Living people
Hungarian movie directors
American filmmakers
People from Doubs
"Daylight" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5. The song was released as the third single from their fourth studio album, Overexposed (2012). Lead singer Adam Levine co-wrote and co-produced it with Max Martin and Mason "MdL" Levy, with additional writing from Sam Martin. The song is a soft rock ballad.

Reception
The song received a mixed reception from music critics. Some criticized Levine's vocals and called it a filler among the dance-oriented tracks on the album, while others felt a Coldplay inspiration in the end of the chorus. The song has charted in many countries, reaching the top-twenty in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Korea, and the United States.

References

Maroon 5 songs
2012 songs
Teddybears (formerly Teddybears STHLM) are a Swedish band formed in 1991, known for mixing pop, rock, hip-hop, electronica, reggae, punk and multiple other genres.

Members
 Patrik Arve – Synthesizers, vocals, vocoder, bass, programming, percussion, keyboards
 Joakim Åhlund – Bass guitar, bass, programming, percussion, keyboards, backing vocals, guitar
 Klas Åhlund – Guitars, bass, programming, percussion, keyboards, backing vocals

Former members
 Erik Olsson – Drums, vibraphone
 Glenn Sundell – Drums

Alternative rock bands
Swedish rock music groups
Punk bands
A wrinkle is a fold, ridge or crease in the skin, similar to those that can form on the surface of fabric. The medical term is rhytide.

Causes
Skin wrinkles are common as a result of aging ,  reoccurring sleeping positions, loss of weight, or as the result of being under water for long periods of time. Age wrinkling in the skin is affected by constant facial expressions, aging, sun damage, smoking, poor hydration, and various other factors.

References

Skin
Old age
A sticker is a type of  label: a piece of printed paper, plastic, vinyl, or other material with adhesive on one side. They can be used for decoration or for functional purposes, depending on the situation. They are also collected and traded among other collectors.

References

Stationery
Collecting
According to a new report from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), nine nations possess nuclear weapons

Here are nine countries with nuclear weapons:

The United States 
Russia 
United Kingdom 
France 
China
India 
Pakistan
Israel 
North Korea

References

Nuclear weapons
Cold War
This article contains the entire filmography of Gemini Ganesan.

References

Other websites
 

Indian filmographies
This is the filmography of former Indian actress and Politician J. Jayalalithaa who has acted in over 140 films.

Filmography

1950's

1960s

1970s

1980-1990s

2000s–2010s

Discography

Notes

References

Other websites
 
Indian filmographies
Gilbert Stork (December 31, 1921 – October 21, 2017) was an American organic chemist. He was born in Brussels, Belgium. He was the Eugene Higgins Professor of Chemistry Emeritus at Columbia University. The Stork enamine alkylation is named in his honor.

He was responsible for the first planned stereo-controlled synthesis as well as the first natural product to be synthesized with high stereo-selectivity.

Stork was a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1962 and Foreign Member of the French Academy of Sciences.

References

1921 births
2017 deaths
American chemists
People from Brussels
Atle Jonas Hammer (11 March 1932 – 22 October 2017) was a Norwegian engineer and jazz musician (trumpet, Flugelhorn), central on the jazz scene in Oslo. He was born in Oslo. He was known from several international cooperation.

From 1980 to 1985, he led his own quintet with among others Terje Venaas (bass), Eivin Sannes (piano) and Tom Olstad (drumes), and this was followed by a quintet with Harald Bergersen (saxophone), Erling Aksdal (piano, 1985–89).

During the 1980s and 1990s he played in bands with Thorgeir Stubø, Per Husby Quintet, Magni Wentzel Quintet, and in Big Bands like the one led by Harald Gundhus/Ole Jacob Hansen and Erling Wicklund's «Storeslem».

Hammer died in Oslo on 22 October 2017 at the age of 85.

References

1932 births
2017 deaths
Civil engineers
Norwegian jazz musicians
Trumpeters
Musicians from Oslo
Ian Robert Cathie (24 October 1932 – 25 October 2017) was an Australian politician. He was born in Melbourne. In 1964 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council as a Labor member for South Eastern Province; he was defeated in 1970, but in 1976 was elected to the Legislative Assembly seat of Carrum, which he held until 1988.

From 1994 to 1997, Cathie was a Commissioner of the City of Greater Dandenong. In 2010, he was elected President of Glen Eira University of the Third Age (U3A).

Cathie died on 25 October 2017 in Melbourne at the age of 85.

References

1932 births
2017 deaths
Politicians from Melbourne
Ali Ashraf Darvishian (‎; 25 August 1941 – 26 October 2017) was an Iranian story writer and scholar. He was born in Kermanshah, Iran. He was often called the "Iranian Charles Dickens". He taught Persian literature in Australian colleges and universities during his career. He was a guest of the Iranian Centre for Democracy and presented a number of lectures on a broad range of social and cultural issues.

Darvishian died on 26 October 2017 in Tehran of respiratory failure at the age of 76.

References

Other websites
 هندوانه‌ی گرم ـ علی‌اشرف درویشیان (in Persian) 
 مصاحبه با علی اشرف درویشیان، نویسنده (in Persian) 

1941 births
2017 deaths
Iranian academics
Iranian writers
People from Kermanshah Province
Arnett Elysus Girardeau Sr. (July 15, 1929 – October 26, 2017) was an American dentist, civil rights activist and former politician in the state of Florida. He was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives from the 16th distrist from 1976 to 1982. He then served in the Florida Senate from 1983 through 1992.

Girardeau died on October 26, 2017 in Jacksonville of a heart attack at the age of 88.

References

1929 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American civil rights activists
African American politicians
Politicians from Jacksonville, Florida
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Minister Alen VonShea Norman (November 2, 1971 – October 26, 2017), who went by the stage name Shea Norman, was an American gospel singer-songwriter. He started his music career, in 2004, with the release of My Heart Depends on You, by Verity Records. This would be his breakthrough release upon the Billboard Gospel Albums chart. The song, "'Tis So Sweet", was placed on the WOW Gospel 2005.

Norman died of complications from diabetes in Memphis, Tennessee on October 26, 2017 at the age of 45.

References

Other websites
 Cross Rhythms artist profile

1971 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
African-American singers
American singer-songwriters
American gospel musicians
Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee
Singers from Memphis, Tennessee
Writers from Tennessee
Musicians from Alabama
Singers from Alabama
Writers from Alabama
People from Sheffield, Alabama
Nelly Olin (23 March 1941 – 26 October 2017) was a French politician. She was a Minister of Environment in France under Dominique de Villepin's government from 2005 through 2007. From 2004 to 2005, Olin was the Minister-Delegate for Social Security. She was a Senator for the Oise department.

Olin served as Mayor of Garges-lès-Gonesse and Senator, both offices from 1995 to 2004.

Olin died on 26 October 2017 in Paris of complications from breast cancer. She was at age 76.

References

1941 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from breast cancer
Cancer deaths in France
French mayors
Politicians from Paris
People from Val-d'Oise
Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory (abbreviated ZF) is a system of axioms used to describe set theory.  When the axiom of choice is added to ZF, the system is called ZFC.  It is the system of axioms used in set theory by most mathematicians today.

After Russell's paradox was found in the 1901, mathematicians wanted to find a way to describe set theory that did not have contradictions.  Ernst Zermelo proposed a theory of set theory in 1908.  In 1922, Abraham Fraenkel proposed a new version based on Zermelo's work.

Axioms

An axiom is a statement which is accepted without question, and which has no proof.  ZF contains eight axioms.
The axiom of extension says that two sets are equal if and only if they have the same elements.  For example, the set  and the set  are equal.
 The axiom of foundation says that every set  (other than the empty set) contains an element that is disjoint (shares no members) with .
 The axiom of specification says that given a set , and a predicate  (a function that is either true or false), that a set exists that contains exactly those elements of  where  is true.  For example, if , and  is "this is an even number", then the axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of pairing says that given two sets, there is a set whose members are exactly the two given sets.  So, given the two sets  and , this axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of union says that for any set, there exists a set that consists of just the elements of the elements of that set.  For example, given the set , this axiom says that the set  exists.
The axiom of replacement says that for any set  and a function , that the set consisting of the results of calling  on all the members of  exists.  For example, if  and  is "add ten to this number", then the axiom says that the set  exists.
 The axiom of infinity says that the set of all integers (as defined by the Von Neumann construction) exists.  This is the set 
 The axiom of power set says that the power set (the set of all subsets) of any set exists.  For example, the power set of  is
Axiom of choice

The axiom of choice says that it is possible to take one object out of each of the elements of a set and make a new set.  For example, given the set , the axiom of choice would show that a set such as  exists.  For finite sets, this axiom can be proved from the other axioms, but not for infinite sets.

References

 
 
 

Set theory
In mathematics, two sets are disjoint when they have no elements in common.  For example, the sets  and  are disjoint, but the sets  and  are not disjoint.

Set theory
In mathematics, the power set of a set S, written as  or , is the set of all subsets of S. In terms of cardinality, a power set is larger than the set it originates from. If S is a finite set with n elements, then  would have  elements.

Examples

 The power set of  is .
 The power set of  is .

Related pages 

 Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, which includes an axiom on power set

References 

Set theory
Algebra
The Second Anglo-Mysore War was a conflict that took place on the Indian Subcontinent from 1780 to 1784. The war ended without a clear victory on either side. The Treaty of Mangalore restored the situation to the state before the war broke out. The war involved the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company. The Kingdom of Mysore was a large kingdom, in the South of India. It was an ally of the French. The East India Company was on the side of the English.

Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore, committed himself to a French alliance to seek revenge against the British.  The British had problems with Mysore because it had an alliance with the French.
Hyder Ali And Tipu Sultan
The army of Hyder was one of the largest armies in India. In 1780, his army swept down the Eastern Ghats (mountains) and burnt the villages. Hyder set about forming a confederacy against the British. This included the French, the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad. Hyder Ali overthrew the government and established his authority over the Mysore state. Hyder Ali tried to made a treaty with the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad, but both of them decided not to take up arms against the British so Hyder Ali ended up fighting the war on his own. Hyder died in 1782 but Tipu Sultan proved to be a worthy successor, He introduced many reforms to overhaul and reorganize the administrative machinery. He also modernized the army.
The Treaty
The battle remained indecisive and peace was finally concluded with Tipu on 28 June 1784. The war ended by signing the peace treaty in 1784. The treaty was named as the treaty of Mangalore because the treaty was signed in Mangalore. The Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sultan and the British East India Company on 11 March 1784. It was signed in Mangalore and brought an end to the Second Anglo-Mysore War.

Causes of the war
The British had problems with Mysore because it had an alliance with the French. The Marathas attacked Hyder Ali and the British signed a treaty saying that they would help Hyder, but they never cared to show up. Between 1773 and 1779 Hyder Ali was expanding his kingdom. To counter the British threat, Nana Phadnavis,  the Maratha chief minister at Pune formed an alliance with the Marathas, Mysore and the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Wars involving England
Wars involving France
Wars involving India
18th century in Asia
1780s in Great Britain
18th-century conflicts
Olorotitan was a type of dinosaur. It was a herbivore, which means it ate plants. One of its skeletons was found in Russia.

References 

Ornithischia
Abdul Taleb Zaki () was a Hazara politician and jihadist from Afghanistan.

Abdul Taleb Zaki, son of Abdul Wahid born in 1960 in Bamiyan Province of Afghanistan. He was a commander and a member of Hezbe Wahdat political party in Afghanistan.
He was the governor of Bamyan Province for four years from 1994 to 1998. He died in 1998 in Ghazni Province.

References

Hazara politicians
Bamyan Province
1960 births
1998 deaths
Leimbach is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.

Communes in Haut-Rhin
Manayangath Subramanian Viswanathan (24 June 1928 – 14 July 2015), also known as M.S.V., was an Indian music director, composer, and singer. He was popularly known as Mellisai Mannar (Tamil for "The King of Light Music"). He composed songs in 1200 movies from Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, and Hindi languages. He worked primarily in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu movies.

Viswanathan died on 14 July 2015 in Chennai, India of respiratory failure at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

 
 M. S. Viswanathan's official website
 

1928 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Indian singers
Indian composers
Tamil musicians
Tamil singers
Malayali people
Mohamed Abshir Muse (, ), (1 July 1926 – 25 October 2017) also known as Mahamed Abshir Musa, was a well known Somali military person. He was active from 1940s to 1950s. He served General and the first Commander of the Somali Police Force. He was trained at the Carabinieri, Italy's national military training base.

Muse resigned in 1969 from his job at the police force. He was later jailed by the military dictator Siad Barre for speaking out against the regime.

Muse died on 25 October 2017 in Minneapolis, Minnesota aged 91.

References

Other websites
 

1926 births
2017 deaths
African military people
Somali people
Manfredi Nicoletti (16 June 1930 – 29 October 2017) was an Italian architect. He was born in Rieti, Italy. He was known for his projects Fontvieille, Monaco, the cancelled Helicoidal Skyscraper in New York City, the Catania–Fontanarossa Airport, Millennium Park in Abuja, Courthouse of Arezzo, the Kazakhstan Central Concert Hall and the Millennium Tower.

Nicoletti died on 29 October 2017 at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
 

1930 births
2017 deaths
Italian architects
Manuel Sanchís Martínez (26 March 1938 – 28 October 2017) was a Spanish footballer who played as a defender. He was born in Alberique, Spain. His son was Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo.

Sanchís represented Real Madrid and Spain. They were one of only three father/son pairs to have won the European Cup/Champions League, and he played in 213 La Liga games over the course of ten seasons.

An international during nearly two years, Sanchís appeared with the national team at the 1966 World Cup.

Sanchís earned 11 caps for Spain, and represented the nation at the 1966 FIFA World Cup. During the group stages, he scored a rare goal in a 2–1 win against Switzerland.

Sanchís died on 28 October 2017 in Madrid, aged 79, from pulmonary embolism.

References

Other websites
 Real Madrid biography 

1938 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pulmonary embolism
Spanish footballers
A pasty is a kind of pastry filled with meat or vegetables and baked, a bit like a pie. They are linked with Cornwall where they were first made.

Description
Pastry dough is rolled out and cut in a circle. The raw filling is placed on half the circle, then the pastry is folded in half over the filling to cover it. The edges are then sealed by crimping (firmly pressed together), and baked. The baking time for the filling and the pastry is the same.

The pasty is made as a single-serving portion, for one person's meal. It's made to be held in the hand and does not need any cutlery. It may be eaten hot, warm, or at room temperature.

Uses
A pasty is portable and convenient to eat. It can be easily be taken to the workplace and kept until a mealtime break. No refrigeration is required if eaten the same day. The sealed, baked dough keeps the filling warm for hours after baking. A pasty could also be reheated by placing on or near a heat source - even by holding over a candle where no oven is available.
Baked foods
Cornwall
Fort Provintia is a defense base in Tainan, a city in south Taiwan, built by the Dutch in 1653, and now a historic site.

History

The Dutch Era (1624~1662) 
In 1624, the Dutch colonized southern Taiwan in order to trade with mainland China. Before the fort was built, the place was a center of commercial trade. The fort was built by the Dutch to prevent another rebellion after the local people, led by Guo Huai-yi, went against the Dutch in 1652. The fort was still used as a trade center. The Dutch made the fort with red bricks and mortar, which were a mixture of water, sugar, sticky rice and oyster shells.

The Zheng Era (1662~1683) 
In 1662,  Koxinga, the ruler of Zheng dynasty,expelled the Dutch, and the fort was used as his government with the new name Chen-Tien Fu. In 1664, the fort was abandoned as a place of government and was used as a place to store gunpowder.
The Qing Era (1683~1895) 
In 1683, the ruler of Zheng dynasty surrendered to the Qing. In 1721, the fort was damaged when Zhu Yigui led uprising against the government. Also through the following years, the fort was destroyed by several earthquakes only a few walls remained. The chief administrator, Sheng Shou Qien, built the Penghu Academy in 1886. It is a Qing style building located at the west side of the fort. In 1879, both the Wunchang Pavilion (Temple of Literature God) and the Hai-She Temple（Temple of Sea God）were built by the emperor’s administrator, Shen Baozhen. The Wunchang Pavilion and the Hai-She Temple are located in the central part of the fort. The Wunchang Pavilion was built in honor of Wun- Chang, God of Literature. The Hai-She Temple was built in honor of God of the Sea.
The Japanese Era (1895~1945) 
In 1895, the Qing lost the First Sino-Japanese War and gave away the territory of Taiwan to Japan. The Japanese began to use the fort as an army hospital. In 1944, the Japanese began to restore the buildings including the walls that the Dutch had built, the Hai-Shen Temple, the Wunchang Pavilion and the Penghu Academy.

After 1945 
After WWII, Japan retreated from Taiwan. Then the fort was renamed Chihkan Tower and became an exhibition center. In 1960, the imperial tortoise statues and the stone monuments with historical records from the Great South Gate, part of the original 14 gates of the Tainan City Wall, were moved to the south Chihkan Tower.

References

Forts in Asia
History of Taiwan
1653 establishments
17th-century buildings and structures
The AFC East is a division in the National Football League.  There are four teams in the AFC East: the New England Patriots, Buffalo Bills, New York Jets, and Miami Dolphins.

National Football League
Stranger Things is an American science fiction television series created, written, directed and co-executive produced by the Duffer Brothers, as well as co-executive produced by Shawn Levy and Dan Cohen. The first season, released in July 2016, stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles. For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were made series regulars, with actors Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin and Paul Reiser also appearing. The series is allegedly based on a 1992 book The Montauk Project: Experiments in Time which tells stories about the Montauk Project, an alleged series of secret U.S. government projects in Long Island. .Season 4 is set to be released in two volumes, the first being released on  May 27,2022 while the second on July 1,2022.
Premise
Set in the fictional town of Hawkins, Indiana in the 1980s, the first season focuses on the investigation into the disappearance of a young boy amid supernatural events occurring around the town including the appearance of a psychokinetic girl who helps the missing boy's friends in their own search. The second season is set a year after the first, and deals with attempts of the characters to return to normal and consequences from that season. The third season is set in the summer of 1985.

Reception
Stranger Things was met with a very positive response by fans and critics. Viewer numbers for the series quickly climbed to around 14.7 million within the first 35 days after release. Popular review site Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season an approval rating of 96% based on 68 reviews, and a weighted average rating of 8.04/10.

References

2010s American drama television series
2010s mystery television series
2010s science fiction television series
American horror television series
American mystery television series
American science fiction television series
Indiana in fiction
Period television series

Works set in the 1980s
2016 American television series debuts
Netflix original series
English-language television programs
Mark of Cornwall was a king of Cornwall and a character in the Arthurian Cycle of medieval literature. Specifically, Mark is the husband of Isolde, who upon falling in love with Tristan a tragic story that has been the subject of numerous literary versions from the Middle Ages to the present day.

References

People from Cornwall
Kings and Queens of England
The National Congress of Brazil is the national parliament of Brazil. It is bicameral. 
The two chambers are the Chamber of the deputies (Câmaras dos deputados) and the Senate (Senado).
The president of the senate is also the president of the National Congress.
The National Congress was created in 1825.

The chamber of the deputies has 344 deputies elected for a 4-years term and is ruled by a president (presidente).
The senate has 81 senators (3 by state) elected for a 8-years term and is ruled by a president (presidente).

The headquarters of the National Congress are in the plaza of the three powers (praça dos três poderes).

On 8 January 2023, supporters of former President Jair Bolsonaro stormed and invaded the Praça dos Três Poderes in Brasília, taking over the offices of the Supreme Federal Court, National Congress of Brazil and the Palácio do Planalto. The event was seen as an attempted coup d'état to overturn the election results of the 2022 general election.

References
References

Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
Government of Brazil
1825 establishments in South America
19th-century establishments in Brazil
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian American Physicist. He received the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics alongside William Alfred Fowler "for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars".

He was born in Lahore now Pakistan until 1916, his family came and settled in Allahabad then in 1918, moved to Madras. He died in Chicago.

Related pages 
Chandrasekhar limit
List of Nobel Prize winners from India
List of Nobel Prize winners in Physics

References 

1910 births
1995 deaths
Indian physicists
Indian Nobel Prize winners
Michael Lamar White II (born June 18, 1999), known by his professional name Trippie Redd, is an American rapper and singer-songwriter.

Following his high school graduation, Trippie Redd moved to Atlanta, where he met rapper Lil Wop. He was eventually offered a record deal with a professional recording studio. 

Trippie Redd is best known for his songs "Love Scars", "Poles1469" (featuring 6ix9ine) and "Dark Knight Dummo" (featuring Travis Scott). The first two songs were both certified gold by the RIAA, and the latter went to number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 as well as receiving platinum certification by the RIAA. 

In July 2018, Trippie Redd announced his first album would be called Life's a Trip. The album was released on August 10, 2018. It entered at number four on the Billboard 200 chart, selling 72,000 album-equivalent units. 

Trippie Redd earned his highest project on the Billboard 200 chart in November 2018 with the mixtape A Love Letter to You 3 which entered at number three.

Career
Career

Rapper Lil Wop helped White get started with a professional recording studio. They began working with Kodie Shane. They recorded three projects, Awakening My Inner Beast, Beast Mode and Rock the World Trippie. White eventually signed to the label Strainge Entertainment (now known as Elliot Grainge Entertainment) and relocated to Los Angeles.

In May 2017, White released his first mixtape, A Love Letter to You. The lead single "Love Scars" received more than 8 million views on YouTube within several months. It also received more than 13 million on SoundCloud. White was included on XXXTentacion's album 17 on the song "Fuck Love". went to number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100.

In October 2017, White released his second mixtape, A Love Letter to You 2. The album entered at number 34 on the Billboard 200. Later that month, White released a collaboration EP with Lil Wop, titled Angels & Demons.
On December 5, 2017, White released the song "Dark Knight Dummo" featuring Travis Scott. The song went to number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it White's first entry on the chart as a lead artist. 

On December 25, 2017, White released the song "TR666" on his SoundCloud account, featuring Swae Lee. The song was produced by Scott Storch. The song was previewed on November 30. 

In January 2018, White released "18" with Baauer, Kris Wu, Joji and Rich Brian.

In July 2018, White announced his first album would be titled Life's a Trip with 26 songs. He later trimmed it to 16. White released the singles "Me Likey" and "How You Feel" on June 22, 2018 and "Taking a Walk" on August 7, 2018. Life's a Trip was released August 10, 2018. It entered at number four on the Billboard 200, with its single "Taking a Walk" entering at number 49 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Personal life 
White was briefly in a relationship with rapper Coi Leray.
White bought a house worth $300,000 for his mother out of his net worth. Worth around $7 million in March 2017.

Legal issues 
White was arrested in May 2018 as a result of a physical attack on rapper FDM Grady in Atlanta.

Discography 
 Awakening My InnerBeast (2016)
 Beast Mode ++++ (with Pi'erre Bourne) (2016)
 Rock the World, Trippie (2016)
 White Room Project (2017)
 A Love Letter To You (2017)
 A Love Letter To You'll Never Get (2017)
 A Love Letter To You 2 (2017)
 Angels & Demons (featuring Lil Wop) (2017)
 TR666+!$ 1400/800 (2018)
 LIFE'S A TRIP (2018)
 A Love Letter To You 3 (2018)
 Old Self (2019)
 Trap Symphony (2019)
 ! (2019)
 A Love Letter To You 4 (2019)
 Spooky Sounds (2020)
 Pegasus (2020)
 NEON SHARK vs. Pegasus (Deluxe: Presented by Travis Barker) (with Travis Barker) (2021)
 Trip At Knight (2021)
 Hate Is Dead (2021)
 First Draft (2022)
 Mansion Muzik (2023)

References
References

1999 births
Living people
21st-century American rappers
21st-century American singers
American hip hop singers
American rock singers
American singer-songwriters
Musicians from Canton, Ohio
Pop rappers
Rappers from Ohio
Singers from Ohio
Ming Erh Chang (; April 20, 1932 – October 3, 2017) was a Chinese-born American military naval officer. He was born in Shanghai, China. He served in the U.S. Navy for 34 years. He became the Department of the Navy Inspector General in 1987. When Chang left the navy, he became vice president and corporate director for the Pacific region at Raytheon International and then president of MEC International, LLC.

Chang died on October 3, 2017 from complications of Parkinson's disease in McLean, Virginia at the age of 85.

References

1932 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Virginia
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Military people from Virginia
People from Shanghai
Władysław Kowalski (24 February 1936 – 29 October 2017) was a Polish actor. He has appeared in nearly 100 movies and television shows from 1957 until his death in 2017. He was born in Żurawce, Poland. Kowalski was known for his roles in Samson (1961), Dreszcze (1981), Escape from the 'Liberty' Cinema (1990), The Boy on the Galloping Horse (2006), Katyń (2007), Louise's Garden (2008) and in Body (2015).

Kowalski died of a heart attack in Warsaw on 29 October 2017 at the age of 81.

References

Other websites

1936 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Polish movie actors
Polish television actors
Gerrit "Gert" Timmerman (8 June 1935 in Oldenzaal – 28 October 2017 in Overdinkel) was a Dutch singer and musician from the Province of Overijssel. He was a baritone, and played the saxophone, the clarinet, the keyboard and the double bass.

His best known hits were "Nimm deine weiße Gitarre" (1963), "Ik heb eerbied voor jouw grijze haren" (1963), "Een moederhart, een gouden hart" (1964), "De schommelstoel" (1965), and "Brandend zand" (1970).

He married Hermien van der Weide (also from the Province of Overijssel) in 1963. As "Gert and Hermien" they were a very popular musical duo for many years.

Timmerman and his wife became Christians in 1974. After their conversion they started a Christian musical career but later on they returned to their previous career.

They divorced in 1999. He remarried another woman in 2002. Hermien died in 2003.

Gert died of pancreatic cancer in 2017, at the age of 82.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1935 births
2017 deaths
Baritones
Bassists
Clarinetists
Converts to Christianity
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Dutch Protestants
Dutch singers
Keyboardists
Musicians from Overijssel
Saxophonists
The following is a list of the 104 comuni of the Province of Chieti, Abruzzo, in Italy.

References

Chieti
Lists of settlements in Europe
The Queue was a unit of measurement, used for wines and spirits. It was equal to 3 feuilettes, or about 402 litres. Depending on the region, the definition varied a little, one queue was between 360 and 411 litres. 

Units of volume
John Saxon (born Carmine Orrico; August 5, 1936 – July 25, 2020) was an American actor and martial artist. He has worked on more than 200 movies in his 60 year long career starting in 1954. He was born in New York City to an Italian-American family.

Saxon was known for his work in westerns and horror movies as well as for his role as Roper in the 1973 movie Enter the Dragon. He was well known for playing Lt. Donald Thompson in the 1984 slasher horror movie A Nightmare on Elm Street.

Saxon died on July 25, 2020 in Murfreesboro, Tennessee from pneumonia-related problems, aged 83.

References

Other websites

 
 
 John Saxon bio on (re)Search my Trash
 Personal website 
 John Saxon's quotes
 John Saxon (Aveleyman)

1936 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American movie actors
American television actors
American martial artists
Actors from New York City
Symere Bysil Woods (born July 31, 1995), known professionally as Lil Uzi Vert is an American rapper and singer. They are characterized by their facial tattoos, facial piercings, eccentric hairstyles and androgynous fashion, imagery built on a melodic emo approach to trap.

Career
Woods first received attention after releasing the single, Money Longer. It peaked at number 92 on Billboard Hot 100. Since then, they have continued to release projects such as Luv Is Rage, Lil Uzi Vert vs. the World, The Perfect Luv Tape, and Luv Is Rage 2. Four of their songs from these projects have reached the Billboard Hot 100. Their album Luv is Rage 2 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. They were featured on the number one charting single Bad and Boujee by rap trio Migos.
Personal life
Woods was in a relationship with fashion designer Brittany Byrd from 2014 to 2017. Byrd moved from California to attend the Parsons School of Design, where she was studying when she met Woods. On June 26, 2017, Woods and Byrd broke up. Woods introduced it with a song titled "Stole Your Luv".

Woods has been in a relationship with JT of the hip hop duo City Girls since 2019.

In July 2022, Woods changed their pronouns from "he/him" to "they/them" on Instagram. It was later confirmed by their spokesperson in a statement to Pitchfork.

Discography 
 Purple Thoughtz EP, Part 1 (2014)
 The Real Uzi (2014)
 Luv Is Rage (2015)
 Lil Uzi Vert vs. the World (2016)
 The Perfect Luv Tape (2016)
 1017 vs the World (with Gucci Mane) (2016)
 Luv Is Rage 1.5 (2017)
 Luv Is Rage 2 (2017)
 Eternal Atake (2020)
 Eternal Atake (Deluxe) (2020)
 Pluto x Baby Pluto (featuring Future) (2020)
 Red & White (2022)
 Pink Tape (2023)

Awards and nominations

Grammy Awards

References
References 

1995 births
Living people
21st-century American rappers
21st-century American singers
African-American rappers
African-American singers
American dance musicians
American hip hop singers
Atlantic Records artists
Pop rappers
Rappers from Pennsylvania
Singers from Philadelphia
Trap musicians
Philippe of Lorraine (1643 – 8 December 1702), known as the Chevalier de Lorraine, was a French nobleman and member of the House of Guise, cadet of the Ducal House of Lorraine. He was the renowned lover of Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans, Monsieur, only brother of Louis XIV. Even though he never married, he is said to have had illegitimate children.  

LGBT people
1643 births
1702 deaths
French nobility
TD Ameritrade is a company that lets customers buy and sell stocks and other financial securities. It has headquarters in Omaha, Nebraska.

The company received its current name in January 2006, when Ameritrade Holding Corporation acquired TD Waterhouse from Toronto-Dominion Bank and was renamed TD Ameritrade.

References

American financial companies
1971 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Nebraska
Companies based in Omaha, Nebraska
Mutual of Omaha is a mutual insurance company with headquarters in Omaha, Nebraska.  The company is on the Fortune 500.

References

20th-century establishments in Nebraska
1909 establishments in the United States
Insurance companies of the United States
Companies based in Omaha, Nebraska
A mutual insurance company is an insurance company that is owned by its customers. If the company is profitable, the profits are returned to the customers.  This is different from other insurance companies, which are public companies.

References

Insurance
Miles Parks McCollum (born August 23, 1997), known professionally as Lil Yachty, is an American rapper and singer from Atlanta.

Career
McCollum first received attention in August 2015 for his single "One Night". It peaked at number 49 on the Billboard Hot 100. Since then he has released four projects, Lil Boat, Summer Songs, Summer Songs 2, and Teenage Emotions. Teenage Emotions peaked at number 5 on the US Billboard 200. He has also appeared on KYLE's iSpy and DRAM's Broccoli. iSpy reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and Broccoli reached number 5.

References

1997 births
Living people
African-American singers
African-American rappers
Rappers from Atlanta
Singers from Atlanta
Twitch (service) streamers
American hip hop singers
African American musicians
Trap musicians
The Fortune 500 is a list of the companies in the United States with the most revenue.  It is created by Fortune magazine.  The first list was published in 1955.

References

Economy of the United States
1955 establishments in the United States
Fortune is a magazine that talks about business topics. It publishes the Fortune 500 list of the companies in the United States with the most revenue.

American magazines
1929 establishments in the United States
1920s establishments in New York (state)
Magazines published in New York City
Seismic waves are vibrating movement of the ground. Seismic waves can be caused by underground explosions, volcanic eruptions and man-made explosions that can vibrate the ground. Seismic waves go through the Earth’s layers. The speed of seismic waves depends on the type of materials they meet. When they meet different kind of material, they bounce or go in different directions. Seismic waves can be detected by seismographs.

Causes 
Seismic waves are caused by earthquakes, underground explosions, volcanic eruptions and man-made explosions that can vibrate the ground. When earthquakes occur, they release energy in a form of seismic waves. Seismic waves make the ground vibrating to all directions from the starting point of the earthquake.

Types 
Seismic waves are divided into two main types of waves, body waves and surface waves. Body waves go through the Earth, and surface waves go along the Earth’s surface.:40
Body Waves 
Body waves travel through the Earth’s interior. Body waves are divided into two types, primary waves and secondary waves.:7

Primary Waves (P-waves) 
Primary waves travel faster than any other waves, so when earthquakes occur primary waves arrive first at the surface. That’s why we call them ‘primary’.:13
Primary waves can go through solids, liquids and gases.:36  Primary waves go 7~8 kilometers per second in solids, but primary waves have different speeds in liquids and gases.
The ground moves back and forth in the same direction as the primary waves move. Primary waves repeat squeezing and stretching the ground when they move.:13
Secondary Waves (S-waves) 
Secondary waves arrive after primary waves. That’s why we call them ‘secondary’. Secondary waves can go 3~4 kilometers per second. Secondary waves can’t go through air and liquids. They can only go through solids.:43 The ground moves up and down in the right angle to the direction of the secondary waves. Secondary waves temporary change the shape of materials.

Surface Waves 
Surface waves travel along the Earth’s surface. They come after the body waves.:43 Surface waves are caused by primary waves and secondary waves when they arrive at the surface.:43 There are two types of surface waves.:43

Rayleigh Waves 
Rayleigh waves were named after John William Strutt Rayleigh. When Raleigh waves travel, the particles move in an oval shape, similar to water waves. The speed of Rayleigh waves depends on the types of solids. Information about Rayleigh waves give us the reason why the ground vibrates. Rayleigh waves are slower than Love waves.:37
Love Waves 
Love waves were named after A.E.H. Love.:28 Particles move back and forth at a 90 degree angle to the wave direction.:37 The speed of Love waves depends on the types of solids. We can know the thickness of the Earth’s crust with Love waves. Love waves usually travel faster than the Rayleigh waves.:28

Detection 
Seismic waves can be detected and recorded by seismographs.:40-41 Primary waves are recorded faster than secondary waves.:40-41 The period between the arrival time of primary waves and secondary waves is used to find the starting point of the wave.:40-41 We can know about the Earth’s layer through seismic waves.

References 

Mechanics
Antony Morgan "Tony" Madigan (4 February 1930 – 29 October 2017) was an Australian boxer and rugby player. He competed in boxing at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics and finished in fifth, fifth and third place. 

In 1960 Madigan lost his semifinal to Muhammad Ali.  He also won medals at three Commonwealth Games in the light-heavyweight division – a silver in 1954 and gold in 1958 and 1962.

Madigan was the 2010 addition for the Australian National Boxing Hall of Fame Veterans category.

Madigan died in France on 29 October 2017 of complications from pneumonia at the age of 87.

References

Other websites
Australian Olympic Committee Biography
Madigan – The Man Who Fought Ali Twice, and Lived to Tell the Tale by Robert Messenger, 2016
 Tony Madigan Boxing Results

1930 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in France
Australian rugby league players
Australian boxers
Australian Olympic medalists
Sportspeople from Sydney