Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Jon Rechner (April 11, 1972 – April 12, 2016) was an American professional wrestler who was best known for wrestling for World Wrestling Federation and Extreme Championship Wrestling under the ring name, Balls Mahoney. He was born in Spring Lake Heights, New Jersey.

On April 12, 2016, one day after his 44th birthday, Rechner died suddenly of cardiac arrest at his home in Spring Lake Heights, New Jersey.

Other websites

1972 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Former WWE wrestlers
Sportspeople from New Jersey
A tree hollow or tree hole is a cavity in a tree. Such hollows naturally form in the branches or trunks of many kinds of trees. They provide a habitat to animals, such as owls.

Trees
Jefferson Beauregard "Jeff" Sessions III (born December 24, 1946) is an American conservative politician. He was the 84th United States Attorney General serving from February 9, 2017 to November 7, 2018.

Before being Attorney General, he was the junior United States Senator from Alabama. He is a member of the Republican Party. At the time of his senate career, he ranked 15th in seniority in the United States Senate. He was the most senior junior Senator upon the retirement of Barbara Boxer in January 2017 to February 2017.

In November 2019, Sessions announced that he would run for his old Senate seat in 2020. He lost the Republican nomination to Tommy Tuberville.

Early life
Sessions was born in Selma, Alabama on December 24, 1946. He was the son of Jefferson Beauregard Sessions, Jr., and the former Abbie Powe. He was raised in Camden, Alabama. Sessions earned B.A. Degree from Huntingdon College and a J.D. Degree from the University of Alabama.
Early career
From 1981 to 1993, he was U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of Alabama. Sessions was elected Attorney General of Alabama in 1994.

United States senator (1997–2017)
Sessions was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1996 and re-elected in 2002, 2008, and 2014. Sessions was considered one of the most conservative members of the U.S. Senate.

As a senator, he is known for being against illegal immigration and for reducing legal immigration. He supported the major legislative efforts of the George W. Bush administration, including the 2001 and 2003 tax cut packages, the Iraq War, and a proposed national amendment to ban same-sex marriage.

He opposed the establishment of the Troubled Asset Relief Program, the 2009 stimulus bill, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act. As the ranking Republican on the Senate Judiciary Committee, he opposed all three of President Barack Obama's nominees for the Supreme Court.
An early supporter of Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign, Sessions was considered as a possible Vice Presidential nominee, but Trump finally chose Indiana governor Mike Pence.

Sessions resigned from the senate to become the United States Attorney General on February 8, 2017.

United States Attorney General (2017–2018)
On November 18, 2016, it was announced that President-elect Donald Trump planned to nominate Sessions for United States Attorney General.

On January 10, 2017, the Senate Judiciary Committee hearings on his nomination began. The committee approved his nomination February 1 on a straight party-line vote, 11 to 9. The senate narrowly confirmed his nomination on February 8, 2017. He was sworn-in by Vice President Mike Pence on February 9. On May 7, 2018 he announced a new morally questionable policy that separated children from their mothers at the border.
As U.S. Attorney General, Sessions overturned a memo delivered by Eric Holder to reduce mass incarceration by avoiding mandatory sentencing, and ordered federal prosecutors to begin seeking the maximum criminal charges possible. Sessions allowed law enforcement to seize the property of those suspected but not charged with crimes. A critic of illegal immigration, Sessions adopted a hard-line on so-called sanctuary cities and told reporters that cities that did not follow federal immigration policy would lose federal funding, but failed. As Attorney General, Sessions supported allowing the Department of Justice to prosecute providers of medical marijuana.

On November 7, 2018, President Trump fired Sessions as Attorney General in a tweet.

2020 United States Senate race
In October 2019, Sessions began exploring a potential candidacy for his old Senate seat in the 2020 election. He announced his Senate run on November 7, 2019.
Sessions lost the Alabama Senate Primary to Tommy Tuberville on July 14, 2020. A Washington Post headline read, "Sessions loses runoff in Alabama as Trump helps end career of key supporter he came to despise."

Personal life
Sessions and his wife Mary have three children and six grandchildren. The family is United Methodist. He teaches at Sunday School to children in Mobile, Alabama.

References

Other websites

 Senator Jeff Sessions  official U.S. Senate site
 Jeff Sessions for Senate 
 
 
 Collected news and commentary  from Politico

1946 births
Living people
United States Attorneys General
People from Selma, Alabama
Republican Party (United States) politicians
United States senators from Alabama
Lawyers from Alabama
Ademar Pereira Marinho (born 23 March 1954) is a former Brazilian football player.

1954 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Masashi Hachuda (born 19 July 1964) is a Japanese football manager.

References

1964 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamanashi Prefecture
Japanese football managers
Yuki Tamura (born 31 December 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Guaraní.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||8||1||0||0||1||0||9||1
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||Ehime||J. League 2||36||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||36||3
|-
|2007||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2008||Gifu||J. League 2||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Gainare Tottori||rowspan="2"|Football League||7||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||8||2
|-
|2009||10||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0

|-
|2010||Guaraní||Primera División||||||||||||||||
62||6||1||0||3||0||66||6
0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
62||6||1||0||3||0||66||6
|}

References

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Hiroshima
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as an association football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2002||rowspan="3"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||2||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2003||14||2||3||1||17||3
|-
|2004||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||Grulla Morioka||Regional Leagues||||||||||||
|-
|2005||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||9||1||0||0||9||1
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Tochigi||rowspan="2"|Football League||11||2||0||0||11||2
|-
|2007||4||0||0||0||4||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Yokogawa Musashino||rowspan="2"|Football League||16||4||colspan="2"|-||16||4
|-
|2009||9||1||0||0||9||1
|-
|2010||Aries Tokyo||Regional Leagues||||||||||||
65||10||3||1||68||11
65||10||3||1||68||11
|}

References

1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Tochigi Prefecture
|-
|1993||rowspan="5"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1994||3||0||1||0||0||0||4||0
|-
|1995||13||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||13||0
|-
|1996||3||0||1||0||0||0||4||0
|-
|1997||10||0||0||0||6||0||16||0
|-
|1998||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 1||9||0||1||0||3||0||13||0
|-
|1999||Consadole Sapporo||J. League 2||8||1||0||0||1||0||9||1
|-
|2000||Shimizu S-Pulse||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2001||Yokohama||J. League 2||16||0||0||0||2||0||18||0
|-
|2002||rowspan="4"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||42||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||45||2
|-
|2003||44||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||47||1
|-
|2004||34||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|-
|2005||18||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|Ryukyu||rowspan="3"|Football League||33||1||2||1||colspan="2"|-||35||2
|-
|2007||33||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||33||1
|-
|2008||16||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||16||0
282||5||14||2||13||0||309||7
282||5||14||2||13||0||309||7
|}

References
References

1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
is a Japanese professional athlete.  He is best known as a Association football or soccer player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2004||rowspan="7"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="7"|J. League 2||4||0||0||0||4||0
|-
|2005||36||3||2||0||38||3
|-
|2006||38||2||1||0||39||2
|-
|2007||14||1||0||0||14||1
|-
|2008||29||2||2||0||31||2
|-
|2009||44||2||1||0||45||2
|-
|2010||||||||||||
|-
|2011||rowspan="2"|Tochigi||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||
165||10||6||0||171||10
165||10||6||0||171||10
|}

References

Other websites 
 Guardian.co.uk, Masashi Owada 
 TransMarkt.co.uk, Masashi Owada

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Ibaraki Prefecture
SC Tavriya Simferopol is a football club which plays in Ukraine.

Ukrainian football clubs
1958 establishments in Europe
1950s establishments in Ukraine
F.C. Dynamo Kyiv is a football club which plays in Ukraine. It was founded in 1927. The club plays in the Ukrainian Premier League. It's home stadium capacity is 70,050 capacity.

Soon after its founding in 1927, FC Dynamo Kyiv started competing in what used to be called the Championship of the Ukrainian SSR, winning the title twice before WWII broke out. During the war and Ukraine's occupation by the Nazis, many Dynamo players joined a team under the name Start, and played a series of matches against teams that consisted of German soldiers, and others coming from countries that were Germany's allies.

References 

Ukrainian football clubs
Kyiv
1927 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Ukraine
Tsutomu Matsuda (born 5 October 1983) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2006||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 1||2||0||0||0||4||0||6||0
|-
|2007||Gifu||Football League||11||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||13||1
|-
|2008||Kariya||Football League||33||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||33||0
46||0||2||1||4||0||52||1
46||0||2||1||4||0||52||1
|}

References
jsgoal 

1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Aichi Prefecture
is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Endo was born in Tokyo Metropolis on August 15, 1970. After graduating from Juntendo University, he joined the Japan Football League club Júbilo Iwata in 1993. The club won the second place in 1994 and was promoted to the J1 League. Although he played as a regular player until 1995, he lost the opportunity to play from 1996. After 1999, he played for Yokohama FC (1999), Verdy Kawasaki (1999) and Shimizu S-Pulse (2000). In 2000, he moved to Belgium and played for Mechelen and Louviéroise. He retired in 2002.

On May 29, 1994, Endo debuted for the Japan national team against France. He was also selected for the 1994 Asian Games and he played full time in all matches. He played eight games for Japan in 1994.

Statistics
Statistics

|-
|1993||Yamaha Motors||Football League||5||0||1||0||5||2||11||2
|-
|1994||rowspan="5"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="5"|J1 League||31||2||0||0||4||0||35||2
|-
|1995||40||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||40||3
|-
|1996||12||0||0||0||0||0||12||0
|-
|1997||5||0||0||0||0||0||5||0
|-
|1998||6||0||0||0||1||0||7||0
|-
|1999||Yokohama FC||Football League||7||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||7||4
|-
|1999||Verdy Kawasaki||J1 League||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2000||Shimizu S-Pulse||J1 League||7||0||0||0||1||0||8||0

|-
|2000/01||Mechelen||First Division||4||0||||||||||4||0
|-
|2001/02||Louviéroise||First Division||1||0||||||||||1||0
116||9||2||0||11||2||129||11
5||0||||||||||5||0
121||9||2||0||11||2||134||11
|}

|-
|1994||8||0
|-
!Total||8||0
|}

References

Other websites

1970 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Júbilo Iwata players
Yokohama FC players
Tokyo Verdy players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
Takashi Watari (born 8 March 1972) is a former Japanese football player.

Club career statistics

|-
|2003||rowspan="3"|Tochigi||rowspan="3"|Football League||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Arte Takasaki||rowspan="2"|Football League||5||0
|-
|2009||0||0
5||0
5||0
|}

References

1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Okayama Prefecture
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Hashimoto was born in Osaka on May 21, 1979. He joined J1 League club Gamba Osaka from their youth team in 1998. He played many matches as right-side midfielder and defensive midfielder from 2001. He became a regular player as defensive midfielder from 2003 and one of the central player under manager Akira Nishino. In 2005, Gamba won the champions in J1 League first time in the club history. After that, Gamba won the many title, 2007 J.League Cup, 2008 and 2009 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, Gamba also won the champions in 2008 AFC Champions League and the 3rd place in 2008 Club World Cup. This is the golden era in the club history. However he could hardly play in the match for injury in 2011 and left the club end of 2011 season.
In 2012, Hashimoto moved to Vissel Kobe. Although he played many matches, the club finished at the 16th place of 18 clubs in 2012 season and was relegated to J2 League. In 2013 season, the club won the 2nd place and returned to J1. He played many matches until 2014 and left the club end of 2014 season. In 2015, he moved to J2 club Cerezo Osaka. However he could not play many matches. In July 2016, he moved to J3 League club AC Nagano Parceiro and played many matches. In 2017, he moved to J2 club Tokyo Verdy. In 2019, he moved to Japan Football League club FC Imabari. The club was promoted to J3 League from 2020.

On June 1, 2007, hashimoto debuted for the Japan national team against Montenegro. He also played at 2007 Asian Cup. He played 15 games for Japan until 2010.

Statistics
|-
|1998||rowspan="14"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="14"|J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1999||4||0||1||0||1||1||colspan="2"|-||6||1
|-
|2000||5||0||4||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||9||1
|-
|2001||17||0||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||22||0
|-
|2002||18||0||2||1||7||0||colspan="2"|-||27||1
|-
|2003||23||1||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||28||1
|-
|2004||27||1||4||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||38||1
|-
|2005||33||1||3||0||10||1||colspan="2"|-||46||2
|-
|2006||28||0||4||0||2||0||6||1||40||1
|-
|2007||34||3||4||0||9||0||colspan="2"|-||47||3
|-
|2008||34||0||4||0||4||0||11||0||53||0
|-
|2009||31||4||5||0||2||0||6||0||44||4
|-
|2010||29||8||3||0||1||0||4||0||37||8
|-
|2011||4||0||1||0||2||0||0||0||7||0
|-
|2012||rowspan="3"|Vissel Kobe||J1 League||24||1||0||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||27||1
|-
|2013||J2 League||34||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||1
|-
|2014||J1 League||28||0||1||0||8||1||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|-
|2015||rowspan="2"|Cerezo Osaka||rowspan="2"|J2 League||14||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2016||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2016||Cerezo Osaka U-23||J3 League||6||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||6||1
|-
|2016||AC Nagano Parceiro||J3 League||13||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2017||rowspan="2"|Tokyo Verdy||rowspan="2"|J2 League||26||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||27||0
|-
|2018||4||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2019||rowspan="3"|FC Imabari||Football League||22||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||22||1
|-
|2020||rowspan="2"|J3 League||26||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||26||0
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
486||22||48||2||62||3||27||1||623||28
486||22||48||2||62||3||27||1||623||28
|}
|-
|2007||4||0
|-
|2008||2||0
|-
|2009||7||0
|-
|2010||2||0
|-
!Total||15||0
|}

References

Other websites

1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Osaka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Gamba Osaka players
Vissel Kobe players
Cerezo Osaka players
Cerezo Osaka U-23 players
AC Nagano Parceiro players
Tokyo Verdy players
FC Imabari players
is a Japanese football player.

Early life
Fukai was born in Masuho, Yamanashi.

Club career statistics
Fukui plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.

|-
|2003||rowspan="4"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||22||2||4||2||5||0||2||0||33||4
|-
|2004||20||3||3||0||6||2||colspan="2"|-||29||5
|-
|2005||27||4||2||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||35||4
|-
|2006||23||4||3||1||11||1||colspan="2"|-||37||2
|-
|2007||Albirex Niigata||J. League 1||18||2||1||0||5||1||colspan="2"|-||24||3
|-
|2008||Nagoya Grampus Eight||J. League 1||5||0||0||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||10||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||11||4||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||11||4
|-
|2009||32||6||2||0||6||2||colspan="2"|-||40||8
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||||||
158||25||15||3||44||6||2||0||219||34
158||25||15||3||44||6||2||0||219||34
|}

References

1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamanashi Prefecture
Joseph-Michel Montgolfier (26 August 1740 – 26 June 1810) and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier  (6 January 1745 – 2 August 1799) were the inventors of a type of hot air balloon. The first manned attempt of flying in a hot air balloon was on 21st November. The balloon was launched from the centre of Paris and flew for a period of 20 minutes. The birth of hot air ballooning was on that date.

References 

1740s births
French aviators
Sibling duos
People from Ardèche
Nazan Öncel (born February 6, 1956 in Karşıyaka, İzmir) is a famous Turkish pop and rock singer-songwriter. She has made nine albums; some of them are Bir Hadise Var, Sokak Kızı, and 7'n Bitirdin.

In 1978 she released her first single "Sana Kul Köle Olmuştum". Then she released her first longplay album Yağmur Duası in 1981. Ten years after, she released her second album Bir Hadise Var in December 1991. Bir Hadise Var was very successful in Turkey and Nazan Öncel became an icon of the '90s music. In 1994, she released her third album Ben Böyle Aşk Görmedim and with this album, she became one of the most successful songwriters. After one year, she released alternative-ballad album Göç. A song from the album, "Gidelim Buralardan", was famous outside of Turkey.
In 1996, she released a rock album called Sokak Kızı. It was a huge success. In 1999, she released Demir Leblebi, which caused controversy because of the lyrics of the songs "Demir Leblebi" (about her memories of child molestation by her stepfather) and "Sokarım Politikana" (translation: I f**k your politics). This album was her most personal album.

In 2003, she released her seventh album, Yan Yana Fotoğraf Çektirelim. This album includes two duets, "Hay Hay" and "Nereye Böyle" with popstar Tarkan. She released a box set called Bir Şarkı Tut in 2005, included her Göç, Sokak Kızı and Demir Leblebi albums. Her next album, 7'n Bitirdin, was released in summer 2006. Her album Hatırına Sustum was released in December 2008.

She has worked with Sezen Aksu, Tarkan, Yonca Evcimik, Ayşegül Aldinç, İbrahim Tatlıses, Nükhet Duru, Gülşen and Metin Arolat.
Studio Albums 
 Yağmur Duası (1981)
 Bir Hadise Var (1991)
 Ben Böyle Aşk Görmedim (1994)
 Göç (1995)
 Sokak Kızı (1996)
 Demir Leblebi (1999)
 Yan Yana Fotoğraf Çektirelim (2003)
 7'n Bitirdin (2006)
 Hatırına Sustum (2008)

1956 births
Living people
Turkish singers
John Everett Otto (born March 22, 1977 in Jacksonville, Florida) is the drummer and co-founder of the band Limp Bizkit.

1977 births
Living people
American rock drummers
Musicians from Jacksonville, Florida
The Firebird is a ballet.  The libretto and choreography were composed by Michel Fokine. The story of the ballet is based on a Russian fairy tale.  The music was composed by Igor Stravinsky. It was Stravinsky's first ballet score. The Firebird was first performed by the Ballets Russes in Paris at the Théâtre National de l'Opéra on 25 June 1910. Anna Pavlova had been asked to create the role of the Firebird. She thought Stravinsky's music incomprehensible and declined. The role went to Tamara Karsavina. The ballet has seen several revivals. It is also known by its French title L'Oiseau de Feu.

Story 
Prince Ivan ventures into the garden of the evil Kashchei. He catches the magical Firebird. She promises to aid the Prince whenever he needs help if he will release her. He takes a magic feather from the bird's tail, then releases her.
Twelve princesses with the Tsarevna (daughter of the Tsar) dance. All are in the power of the evil sourcerer Kashchei.  Prince Ivan falls in love with the Tsarevna. He asks Kashchei whether he can marry her. Kashchei is angry and sends his monsters after the Prince.  Kashchei is about to turn him to stone, when the Prince waves the feather. The Firebird appears, and comes to the Prince’s rescue. She casts a spell on the monsters. They fall asleep. The Firebird tells the Prince that Kashchei’s soul lies in an egg.  The Prince smashes the egg. Kashchei loses his power, the monsters, and his palace. The Prince marries the Tsarevna.

Revivals 
The ballet was revived in Britain in 1954 with costumes and sets by Natalia Gontcharova.  Margot Fonteyn starred as the Firebird, Michael Somes as the Prince, Frederick Ashton as Kastchei, and Svetlana Beriosova as the Tsarevna. This production played the Metropolitan Opera House in September 1955 with the same principals.
George Balanchine staged his version of the work with the New York City Ballet at the City Center in 1949 with designs by Marc Chagall. Maria Tallchief danced the Firebird. Balanchine revised his version in 1970 in conjunction with Jerome Robbins. Robbins handled the group scenes. Chagall revised his designs for the production. 

Maurice Béjart choreographd an abstract production for the Paris Opéra in 1970. He believed the traditional fairy tale production was impossible to present on the modern stage. He cast a danseur in the title role. The cast wore denim.

References 
 Balanchine, George with Francis Mason. 1975. 101 Stories of the Great Ballets. Anchor Books. pp. 170-80.
 Mariinsky Ballet. 2008. Stravinsky and the Ballets Russes. BelAir Classiques. (BAC041; liner notes).

Compositions by Igor Stravinsky
Ballets Russes productions
Ballets choreographed by Michel Fokine
Fictional birds
1910 works
Emilio Giuseppe Farina, also known as Giuseppe Antonio "Nino" Farina (; 30 October 1906 – 30 June 1966) was an Italian racecar driver. He did Grand Prix motor racing. He is famous for his 'straight-arm' driving style, which many other drivers copied.  He was the first ever Formula One World Champion.

He was born in Turin. He received his doctorate in law from the University of Turin. He died when he accidentally crashed his car in Aiguebelle, France.

References 

1906 births
1966 deaths
Accidental deaths in France
Italian Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Turin
Road accident deaths
Alberto Ascari (July 13, 1918 – May 26, 1955) was an Italian racing driver and twice Formula One World Champion. He is one of only two Italian Formula One World Champions in the history of the sport, and the only one winning his two championships in a Ferrari.

Ascari was born in Milan, the son of Antonio Ascari. He was killed on the racetrack in Monza.

1918 births
1955 deaths
Accidental deaths in Italy
Deaths in sport
Italian Formula One drivers
Sportspeople from Milan
Enzo Anselmo "the Commendatore" Ferrari (18 February 1898 – 14 August 1988) Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI was an Italian race car driver and entrepreneur, the founder of the Scuderia Ferrari Grand Prix motor racing team, and subsequently of the Ferrari car manufacturer.

1898 births
1988 deaths
Italian businesspeople
Italian racecar drivers
People from Modena
Charlotte's Web is a 2006 live-action/animated movie based on author E. B. White's book with the same name, released by Paramount Pictures with Walden Media, Kerner Entertainment Company, and Nickelodeon Movies on December 15, 2006. It stars Dakota Fanning as Fern and the voice of Julia Roberts as Charlotte and comes after an animated version from 1973.

The story 
Wilbur is the pet piglet of a young girl named Fern Arable. Unfortunately, when he grows into an adult pig, Fern is forced to take him to the Zuckerman farm, where he will be made into food after a short time.

Charlotte A. Cavatica, a spider, lives in the space above Wilbur's sty in the Zuckermans' barn, she makes friends with Wilbur and chooses to help stop him being eaten. With the help of the other barn animals, including a rat named Templeton, she convinces the Zuckerman family that Wilbur is special by spelling out such descriptions as "Some Pig" in her web.

References
References

Other websites 
 Official website 
 Official website at Nick.com 
 Official website at Walden Media 
 
 

2006 movies
American family movies
Movies about spiders
Movies based on books
A portable application (also called a "portable app") is a computer program the application does not need to be installed on the computers local storage in order to be run. These types of programs can also be carried on a USB flash drive, or external hard drive.

Related pages
Portable application creators
VMware ThinApp

Computing
Portable application creators allow the creation of portable applications (also called: portable apps).

Creators of true portable applications

No agent/client is required for these (also called "agentless" solutions):

VMware ThinApp
Xenocode Virtual Application Studio ISV Edition
InstallFree 
Ceedo (using Argo Application installer) 
LANDesk Application Virtualization
CDE  (Linux)

Related software

These programs require an agent or client (to run the compiled app)

Citrix XenApp
Microsoft Application Virtualization
Symantec Endpoint Virtualization Suite
AppZero
Endeavors Application Jukebox

References 

Computing
Shia Saide LaBeouf (born June 11, 1986) is an American actor, comedian and director. He is best known for his work in the movies Transformers (2007) and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) and the Disney Channel series Even Stevens. His parents are Jeffery LaBeouf and Shayna Saide. LaBeouf is an only child. He started his career doing stand up comedy in local places such as coffee houses. He graduated from high school in 2003 and hopes to attend college, preferably Yale University. He won the Orange Rising Star Award in 2008. He played Jerôme in the 2013 movie Nymphomaniac.

Family life 
LaBeouf is named after his grandfather who was also a stand up comedian. His parents are divorced. He lives with his mother in Los Angeles.

Personal life 
In September 2018, it was announced the couple had separated and filed for divorce. However, in February 2022, it was reported that Goth was pregnant with their first child. They have a daughter, born March 2022.

References

Other websites
Other websites 
 

1989 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Animals with nervous systems are born with instincts. An instinct is a part of the behaviour of an organism. It is inherited (innate), not learned. However, the term does not include the operation of sense organs, and does not include the normal working of the autonomic nervous system. Instincts are to do with visible muscular action in response to releasers. Releasers are triggers which set off chains of instinctive behaviour. Although instincts are not learned, in some cases their performance can be improved by experience and practice.

There are some problems with the term 'instinct'. It can be used loosely to mean a general tendency, such as "a man's instinct is to protect his family". It can be used to describe chains of behaviour of mixed origin. Properly, it is used only of well-defined acts whose causation is inherited, and which are triggered by  specific stimuli called releasers. 

Other terms for instinct are fixed action patterns (FAP) and innate behaviour chains.

Overview
Overview

Instinctive behaviours can be variable and responsive to the environment. Any behaviour is instinctive if it is performed without being based upon prior experience, that is, in the absence of learning. Sea turtles, newly hatched on a beach, will automatically move toward the ocean, and automatically swim when they are in the water. A joey climbs into its mother's pouch upon being born. Honeybees communicate by dance the direction of a food source without formal instruction. Other examples include animal fighting, animal courtship behaviour, internal escape functions, and building of nests.
Reflexes as instincts 
Reflex actions are a special case. A true reflex is distinguished from other behaviours by mechanism; they do not go through the brain. Rather, the stimulus travels to the spinal cord and the message is then transmitted back through the body, tracing a path called the reflex arc. Reflexes are similar to fixed action patterns, but a fixed action pattern can be processed in the brain as well. A male stickleback's instinctive aggression towards anything red during his mating season is such an example.  Examples of instinctive behaviours in humans include many of the primitive reflexes, such as rooting and suckling, behaviours which are present in most mammals.
Maturational instincts 
Some instinctive behaviors depend on maturational processes to appear. For instance, we commonly refer to birds "learning" to fly, because they cannot fly at first, but can a week or two later. However, young birds have been experimentally reared in devices that prevent them from moving their wings until they reached the age at which their cohorts were flying. These birds flew immediately and normally when released, showing that their improvement resulted from neuromuscular maturation and not true learning.
Components of instincts 
While fixed action patterns and reflexes are clear examples of almost entirely instinctive behaviours, most behaviours are complex and consist of both instinctive and learned components. For instance, in imprinting a bird has a sensitive period during which it learns who its mother is. Konrad Lorenz famously had a goose imprint on his boots.  Thereafter the goose would follow whomever wore the boots.  The identity of the goose's mother was learned, but the goose's behavior towards the boots was instinctive. Similarly, sleeping in humans is instinctive, but how much and when one sleeps is clearly subject to environmental factors. Whether a behaviour is instinctive or learned is common subject of nature versus nurture debates.

Displacement activities 
In a situation when two instincts contradict each other, an animal may resort to a displacement activity.
Biological function 
Instinct is a built-in need to do something. It's not something an animal thinks about; it's something it does automatically. A baby bird automatically throws its head back, opens its mouth wide, and screams for food. It is an instinct. Baby bats automatically cling to the cave wall. Grasshoppers naturally spit out the things in their stomach on predators that try to eat them. Bees naturally work to take care of the hive and make honey. Butterflies inherit preferences for laying their eggs on certain plants.plant their young need to eat, and that's where they lay their eggs. Animals are born with these instincts, and they follow their instincts without conscious thought.

Organisms have two ways they can get behaviours. One way is learn, by observation, and by repeating things which have a pleasant outcome. The other way is to inherit the behaviour pattern by heredity.
Definitions of 'instinct' 
a fixed action pattern, in which a very short to medium length sequence of actions, without variation, are carried out in response to a clearly defined stimulus. Karl Lorenz.
a propensity prior to experience, and independent of instructions. William Paley.
a blind tendency to some mode of action, independent of any consideration, on the part of the agent, of the end to which the action leads. Whately.
an agent which performs blindly and ignorantly a work of intelligence and knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.
The resemblance between what originally was a habit, and an instinct becomes so close as not to be distinguished. Charles Darwin.
a natural, unreasoning, impulse by which an animal is guided to the performance of any action, without improvement in the method.

References

Other page 
Libido

Psychology
Ethology
Step Brothers is a 2008 American comedy movie directed by Adam McKay, produced by Judd Apatow and Jimmy Miller, and stars Will Ferrell and John C. Reilly. It was released in movie theaters on July 25, 2008, and released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 2, 2008.

Release dates

Other websites

 
 
 
 
 

2008 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Columbia Pictures movies
English-language movies
Movies about dysfunctional families
Movies about marriage
Movies directed by Adam McKay
Multilingual movies
Naples is a town in Cumberland County, Maine. As of 2000, 3,274 people lived there. It is near Fryeburgh. The Songo Queen is a boat people can ride on and view the water.

Towns in Maine
Manchester is the largest city in New Hampshire. It is in Hillsborough County. The 2010 US Census says that 109,565 people live there. However, an estimate done in 2014 puts the population at 110,448.

References

Other websites 

 Manchester, NH Official Website

Settlements established in the 18th century
1751 establishments
 
County seats in New Hampshire
1750s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
18th-century establishments in New Hampshire
Netflix, Inc. is an American entertainment services provider in Los Gatos, California, founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California. As of April 2019, Netflix had over 148 million paid subscriptions worldwide, including 60 million in the United States, and over 154 million subscriptions total including free trials. It was started in California in 1997. It allows members to rent movies on DVD or Blu-ray, and also watch movies and TV shows online with a computer, game console, smartphone, tablet or Internet-connected TV. 

Netflix originally started as a DVD sales and rental by mail then switched to focus on the DVD rental business. In 2007, Netflix expended their business with streaming media.
Since December 2018, Netflix provided their first interactive film, called Black Mirror: Bandersnatch. On January 22, 2019, Netflix became the first streaming service to become a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Netflix entered the content-production industry in 2012, debuting its first series Lilyhammer This introduced the "Netflix Original" content and its on online library. In 2016, Netflix released around 126 original series and films. Netflix is not available in mainland China (due to local restrictions) as well as Syria, North Korea, Iran, and Crimea (due to US sanctions).

The company's primary business is its subscription-based streaming which offers online streaming of a library of films, TV programs, and Netflix originals.

Netflix is up for launching NetFX, a cloud-based platform which is allowed to make easier for artists, and creators to keep connected and collaborate on visual effects for titles on Netflix.

Supported Devices
Supported Devices

 Computer running Microsoft Windows (XP or later), Mac OS X (only on an Intel processor), Chrome OS, or Linux. Google Chrome is the only officially supported browser on Linux. Support for Windows XP and server versions of Windows is unofficial. ARM-based Chromebooks could not connect to Netflix until March 2013.
 iPad, iPhone
 Android devices (only with an ARM CPU)
 Wii
 Wii U
 PlayStation 4
 Xbox One
 PlayStation 3
 Xbox 360
 Nintendo Switch
 Smart televisions
 Many set-top boxes

References

Other websites
 ; Netflix Supported Devices
Petrushka is a ballet burlesque in four scenes. Alexandre Benois and Igor Stravinsky wrote the story of the ballet. Igor Stravinsky wrote the music. Michel Fokine choreographed the work (designed the dances). Benois designed the sets and costumes. Petrushka was first performed by Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in Paris on 13 June 1911. Nijinsky played Petrushka, and Tamara Karsavina played The Ballerina. Alexandre Orlov played The Moor, and Enrico Cecchetti played The Charlatan. 

Petrushka tells the story of the loves and jealousies of three puppets. The three are brought to life by The Charlatan during St. Petersburg's 1830 Shrovetide Fair. Petrushka is in love with The Ballerina. She rejects him because she likes The Moor. Petrushka is angry and hurt. He challenges The Moor. The Moor kills him with his scimitar. Petrushka's ghost rises above the puppet theatre as night falls. He shakes his fist at The Charlatan, then collapses in a second death.
Petrushka brings music, dance, and design together in a unified whole. It is one of the most popular of the Ballets Russes productions. It is usually performed today using the original designs and dances. Grace Robert wrote in 1949, "Although more than thirty years have elapsed since Petrushka was first performed, its position as one of the greatest ballets remains unassailed. Its perfect fusion of music, choreography, and décor and its themethe timeless tragedy of the human spiritunite to make its appeal universal."

Russian puppets
Russian puppets 

Petrushka is a puppet. He is a character known across Europe under different names: Punch in England, Polichinelle in France, Pulcinella in Italy, Kasperle in Germany, and Petrushka in Russia. Whatever his name, he is a trickster, a rebel, and a wife beater. He enforces moral justice with a slap stick, speaks in a high-pitched, squeaky voice, and argues with the devil. His plays were formulaic and subversive. They repeated key scenes from one play to another. The plays usually ended with a dog, a policeman, or the devil dragging him away.
Empress Anna Ivanovna brought marionettes to Russia in the 18th century. These puppets were an amusement for the aristocracy. Rod puppets were an Asian import. They performed religious plays, mostly at Christmas. Petrushka however was a hand puppet. He was  beloved by the common people. He performed in street theatres and other open air venues in small portable booths or behind screens that could be easily assembled and just as easily disassembled. After the Russian Revolution, Soviet authorities forced Petrushka indoors. They wanted to be better able to monitor his subversiveness.

Story
Story 
 

Scene One. The scene is St. Petersburg's Shrovetide Fair in 1830. A crowd of peasants, police, gypsies, and others wander about Admiralty Square looking for fun. Two dancers entertain the fairgoers. At the back of the stage is a large puppet booth. Two toy soldiers rush from the booth, beating their drums to attract the crowd's attention. The Charlatan appears before the booth. The curtain of the booth opens. Three puppets are seen, each in a little cell. One puppet is a dark-skinned Moor, another is a pretty Ballerina, and the third is Petrushka. The three leave their cells to perform a pantomime at the center of the stage. The Moor and Petrushka both love The Ballerina, but she likes The Moor. Petrushka is jealous. He starts a fight with The Moor. The Charlatan abruptly stops the pantomime. The curtain falls.
Scene Two. There is no musical introduction except drumrolls announcing the beginning of the scene. The curtain rises and a door opens. Petrushka is seen being kicked through the door. He falls. He pulls himself together to the accompaniment of arpeggiated C major and F♯ major chords (the "Petrushka chord"). 

He stands uncertainly and shakes his fist at the portrait of The Charlatan on the wall. The music is a violent rendition of the "Petrushka chord", now scored for trumpets. Petrushka falls to his knees. The music grows lyrical as he mimes his self-pity, his love for The Ballerina, and his hatred of The Charlatan.
The Ballerina enters en pointe. When Petrushka sees her, he begins a display of frantic gestures and athletic leaps. The Ballerina is frightened and hurries away. Petrushka falls to the floor in despair. The clarinets mock him. He curses The Charlatan to the accompaniment of the "Petrushka chord" for full orchestra. For a moment, Petrushka peers out of his room at the crowd in Admiralty Square to the "crowd music" from Scene One. He collapses as clarinets mock him with the "Petrushka chord". A trumpet call signals the end of the scene.   

Scene Three. Drumrolls are heard as the curtain rises. Whereas Petrusha's room was dark and chilly, The Moor's room is brilliant with color. The walls are decorated with palm trees, exotic flowers, white rabbits hopping about, and desert sands. 

The Moor lies lazily on a daybed playing with a coconut. He shakes it. There's something inside! He tries to cut it open with his scimitar, but fails. He believes it a god and bows in worship before it.
The door opens. The Charlatan brings The Ballerina into the room. The Ballerina is attracted to The Moor's handsome appearance. She plays a saucy tune on a toy trumpet, represented by a cornet in the original 1911 orchestration. The Moor tries to dance with her but fails. 

The Moor sits on the daybed. The Ballerina sits on his knees. They cuddle. They hear noises outside the door. Petrushka has broken free from his cell, and rushes into the room to rescue The Ballerina from seduction. Petrushka attacks the Moor, but quickly realizes he is too small and weak. The Moor beats Petrushka. The puppet flees for his life, with the Moor chasing him. The curtain falls.
Scene Four. The scene is again the Shrovetide Fair. Evening is falling. The crowd is having a lot of fun. A dancing bear and organ grinders entertain the crowd. Wet-nurses perform a dance. Suddenly, Petrushka runs from the puppet booth. The Moor chases him, and kills him with a blow of his scimitar. The crowd is frightened. The Charlatan enters. He shows the crowd that Petrushka is nothing but a puppet filled with straw. The crowd slowly walks away, still stunned with what they have just seen. The Charlatan is left alone. The spirit of Petrushka appears on the roof of the puppet booth. He shakes his fist at The Charlatan. He is terrified and hurries away. Petrushka collapses over the roof of the puppet booth, his arms swinging to and fro in the night.

Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes
Serge Diaghilev, the impresario who brought together the three men who created Petrushka, was the son of a nobleman. He was educated at home, and moved to St. Petersburg in 1890 to study law. He took music lessons from Rimsky-Korsakov, and developed a strong interest in the arts. 

Diaghilev spent his inheritance traveling to Europe's major art museums.  Between 1899 and 1905 he published The World of Art, a magazine that had great influence on the Russian art world. Its success led Diaghilev to set even greater artistic goals for himself.

He managed to secure a position at the Imperial Ballet, but was fired after overstepping his authority. He organized concerts of Russian music for the Paris Opéra, and promoted Russian operas and short ballets. The Paris public was thrilled with these ballets.
In 1910, Diaghilev focused his efforts on ballet, and the Ballets Russes was organized. Stravinsky's The Firebird was one of the highlights of the 1910 season. In spite of the company's success, Ballets Russes did not have a permanent home. The dancers went back to their jobs at the Imperial Ballet when the Paris season was over.

 

When Nijinsky was fired from the Imperial Ballet for an incident possibly masterminded by Diaghilev, the impresario hired him. Nijinsky was an artist of the greatest magnitude who could lead the Ballets Russes to unheard of success and international renown.

Other artists joined the Ballets Russes, but the company still did not have a permanent home. It led a nomadic existence. Petrushka and Le Spectre de la rose were the highlights of the 1911 season, Daphnis and Chloe and Afternoon of a Faun of the 1912 season, and The Rite of Spring of the 1913 season. Nijinsky married in 1913, and broke with Diaghilev.
In the following years, Diaghilev persuaded disgruntled artists who had left the company to return  Fokine and Benois, especially. In 1921, the company found a permanent home in Monte Carlo. It continued to produce the colorful ballets it was famous for. The company's international renown grew, but the excitement of its early Paris days was over.

Concept and libretto 

Petrushka was the creation of four men: composer Igor Stravinsky, scenery and costume designer Alexandre Benois, choreographer Mikhail Fokine, and Ballets Russes impresario Serge Diaghilev. The four men worked closely with each other on the creation of Petrushka.  

Stravinsky and Benois each attributed the creation of the libretto to one another in the days following the ballet's successful premiere. The idea about a ballet based on a puppet was Stravinsky's, but the libretto was almost certainly the work of Benois. The subject was close to his heart, and he was, after all, an experienced librettist.
Alexandre Benois was born 3 May 1870 in St. Petersburg. His father was an architect. Benois did not plan a career in the arts, but graduated in law from the St. Petersburg Imperial University in 1894. In 1897, his watercolors were exhibited and noticed by Diaghilev and Bakst. The three men founded an art magazine that exerted great influence in Russia. In 1901, Benois was appointed scenic director for the  Mariinsky Theatre, and in 1905 moved to Paris and began working for the Ballets Russes.

Benois was unavailable for comment when Stravinsky offered his undeveloped idea about a ballet for a puppet to Diaghilev in 1910.  He had separated himself from the Ballets Russes after his libretto for Schéhérazade had been attributed to Léon Bakst in the ballet's theatre programmes. Diaghilev and Stravinsky tried to persuade Benois to return, but Benois refused. Time passed and Benois's pique softened. He rejoined his colleagues after learning the new ballet's subject was Petrushka.
Diaghilev was pleased to have Benois back on board and suggested the ballet be set during the Shrovetide Fair (a Mardi Gras-like celebration before Lent) in St. Petersburg about 1830. This period was one of Benois's favorites. Benois gave Petroushka a full-length body and two companions, The Ballerina and The Moor. Benois was designing costumes and scenery during the libretto's composition to give his colleagues a visual idea of the ballet's final appearance.

Benois, Stravinsky, and Diaghilev met in Rome in 1911. Rehearsals for Petrushka were in progress in the basement of the theatre where the Ballets Russes was performing  though the music and libretto were yet to be completed.  The ballet received a more definitive shape when Fokine began to rehearse the principal dancers, and, as often as possible, the dancers playing the different fairgoers in the crowd.
Music by Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky 
Igor Stravinsky was born on 17 June 1882 near St. Petersburg. His father, an opera singer with the Mariinsky Theatre, was of a noble Polish family. As a boy, Stravinsky studied piano and music theory. He later studied law, but passed most of his time with music. In 1905, he began music studies with Rimsky-Korsakov. In 1909, Stravinsky's Fantastic Scherzo and Fireworks were performed in St. Petersburg. Diaghilev heard both works and was deeply impressed. 

In 1910, The Firebird was put into development for the Ballets Russes. Tcherepnin was hired to write the music, but lost interest. The job was given to Lyadov. Diaghilev grew disappointed with Lyadov. He was slow to get started. The impresario recalled his impression with Stravinsky and  decided the young composer was the man to write the score for The Firebird. Stravinsky was hired.
Stravinsky was young and inexperienced. He worried whether he could meet the deadline date for the score, but accepted the job. He was flattered to be chosen from the many great musicians of the age to write the score, and just as flattered to be working with men who were geniuses in their fields.

Stravinsky worked closely with Fokine in developing The Firebird. The result was a work in which movement, music, and scenery and costume design were integrated into one artistic whole. The stop-and-go, episodic character of classical ballet was avoided in favor of a fluid continuity from start to finish. The Firebird premiered in 1910 to great success.