Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Frontiers of the Roman Empire is a World Heritage Site. The site includes three walls in different parts of Europe. They were part of the frontiers of the Roman Empire.
Hadrian's Wall
Antonine Wall
Limes Germanicus

Limes 
Limes (plural: 'Limites') is the Latin name of walls at the border of the Roman empire. There were many such fortifications.

The Latin word has a number of meanings, but the most common one is border.

The term limes was used by Roman writers to describe paths, walls, boundary stones, rivers marking a boundary, but its meaning was not the same as the modern boundary.

Some notable examples of Roman limites are:
 Limes Arabicus  the frontier of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea facing the desert
 Limites Britannicus  Hadrian's Wall; Antonine Wall
 Limes Germanicus  Upper Germanic & Rhaetian Limes 
 Limes Saxoniae   a medieval limes in Holstein
 Limes Tripolitanus  the frontier in modern Libya facing the Sahara

Gallery

References

Other websites
Other websites

 
 
 Verein Deutsche Limes-Straße  
 Römische Militärbauten und -anlagen 
 Frontiers of the Roman Empire : UNESCO Official Website

World Heritage Sites in Europe
Walls
Roman buildings and structures
Christopher Francis Ocean (born Christopher Edwin Breaux; October 28, 1987), known professionally as Frank Ocean, is an American singer, songwriter, and rapper. He was born in Long Beach, California and moved to New Orleans, Louisiana when he was five. Ocean made an early career as a ghostwriter for artists such as Brandy, Justin Bieber, Beyonce, and John Legend. In 2010, he became a member of Odd Future.  His first mixtape, Nostalgia, Ultra, was released in 2011. 

In 2012, BBC said that Ocean finished second place in its Sound of 2012 poll. Ocean appeared at Coachella.  He was scheduled for Lollapalooza at the end of his 2012 summer tour. His first studio album, channel ORANGE, was a digital download only on iTunes for one week.  Then it was a full release on July 17, 2012. It was nominated for six Grammy Awards.

Ocean won the 2013 Brit Award for International Male Solo Artist.

In August 2016, Ocean released his second studio album, Blonde.
Personal life 
Ocean was one of the first major hip-hop/R&B artists to say that he had a same-sex relationship.

Discography

Albums 

 Channel Orange (2012)
 Endless (2016)
 Blonde (2016)

Awards and nominations

Notes

References

1987 births
Living people
African-American singers
American R&B singers
Brit Award winners
LGBT African Americans
LGBT people from California
LGBT people from Louisiana
LGBT singers
LGBT songwriters
Singers from New Orleans
Musicians from New Orleans
Musicians from Long Beach, California
Singers from Los Angeles County, California
American bloggers
Thomas Edward "Tom" Bosley (October 1, 1927  October 19, 2010) was an American actor. Bosley is known for his role as Howard Cunningham in Happy Days. He also starred in roles in Murder, She Wrote and Father Dowling Mysteries. He starred in the Broadway musical Fiorello! that earned him a Tony Award.

Early life
Bosley was born on October 1, 1927 in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Dora (née Heyman) and Benjamin Bosley. Although well known for playing a Catholic priest-and numerous Protestants-Bosley was actually Jewish. During World War II, Bosley served in the United States Navy. While attending DePaul University, in Chicago. In 1947 Bosley's stage career began in Our Town with the Canterbury Players at the Fine Arts Theatre. Bosley performed at the Woodstock Opera House in Woodstock, Illinois, in 1949 and 1950 alongside Paul Newman.

Career

Early career
Early career

Bosley played the Knave of Hearts in a Hallmark Hall of Fame telecast of Eva Le Gallienne's production of Alice in Wonderland in 1955. But his career began in a stage role based on New York City mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia in the long Broadway musical Fiorello! (1959), for which he won a Tony Award. In 1994, Bosley originated the role of Maurice in the Broadway version of Disney's Beauty and the Beast. Bosley also toured as Cap'n Andy in Harold Prince's 1994 revival of Show Boat.

His first movie role was in 1963, as would-be suitor of Natalie Wood in Love with the Proper Stranger. Other movies include; The World of Henry Orient, Divorce American Style, Yours, Mine and Ours, Gus and the television movie The Triangle Factory Fire Scandal. Bosley shared a heartfelt story about his life during the Holocaust in the documentary movie Paper Clips.
Among his early television appearances was in the 1960 CBS summer replacement series, Diagnosis: Unknown, with Patrick O'Neal. In 1962, he played Assistant District Attorney Ryan in the episode "The Man Who Wanted to Die" on James Whitmore's ABC legal drama The Law and Mr. Jones. In 1969, he appeared in a comedy episode from The Virginians.

Happy Days and other notable movie and television roles
 
Bosley's best known role was the character Howard Cunningham, Richie and Joanie Cunningham's father, in the long running Happy Days. Bosley was also known for playing Sheriff Amos Tupper on Murder, She Wrote. He also played Father Frank Dowling in the TV mystery series, Father Dowling Mysteries. Along the television appearances, one notable early performance was in Eyes segment of the 1969 pilot episode of Rod Serling's Night Gallery, directed by Steven Spielberg and Joan Crawford.
Bosley also starred in the 2008 Hallmark Channel television movie Charlie & Me. In 2010, he appeared in The Backup Plan starring Jennifer Lopez, which was his last movie before his death.

In 1984, Bosley guest-hosted the "Macy's Fourth of July Fireworks Spectacular" with local newscaster Pat Harper.

Commercials

During the 1970s and 1980s, Bosley did several commercials for the Glad Sandwich and Garbage Bags.

Bosley did radio commercials for the new Saturn Car Company a "different kind of car company," in 1990.

Later in life he was the television spokesman for SMC (Special Merchandise Corporation), a national wholesaler and dropshipper.

Bosley was also the "face" of LifeBack USA helping bring the benefits of Life Settlements to seniors, having himself sold an unwanted life insurance policy during his later life.

Role in popular culture
In a 1997 of The Simpsons, Homer claims to have been the son of Tom Bosley. Homer and Marge are going to their high school reunion:
Homer: It'll be great to see the old gang again. Potsie, Ralph Malph, and the Fonz.

Margie: That wasn't you, that was "Happy Days"!

Homer: No, they weren't all happy days. Like the time Pinky Tuscadero crashed her motorcycle, or the night I lost all my money to those card sharks and my dad Tom Bosley had to get it back.

Personal life and death
Bosley was married to Jane Eliot from 1962 until they divorced in 1978. Later in 1980 Bosley married Patricia Carr until his death in 2010. Bosley had a daughter Amy Bosley.

Bosley died on October 19, 2010, at a hospital in Rancho Mirage, California from heart failure complicated by Staphylococcal infection. He was 83 years old. Bosley had lung cancer. His remains are buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, California.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1927 births
2010 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from lung cancer
Deaths from staphylococcal infection
DePaul University alumni
American television actors
American voice actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
Tony Award winning actors
Actors from Chicago
People from Palm Springs, California
Dabry's sturgeon, also known as the Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus), is a member of the family Acipenseridae and the order Acipenseriformes.

The fish is thought to have lived at the same time as dinosaurs.  It may have lived as long as 140 million years ago. Because of that, it is sometimes called a living fossil. It is an animal carefully protected by the Chinese government.  It is named a "national treasure" much like the Giant Panda.

The fish can be between  in body length.  It can weigh  on average. A grown-up sturgeon measures up to  long, and weighs over .  This makes it the third biggest only to the White sturgeon and Atlantic sturgeon. 

Sturgeon are anadromous.  This means they spawn in fresh water and migrate to salt water to mature. 

It lives on the main streams of the Yangtze River and coastal regions of Qiantang River, Minjiang River and Pearl River.

References

Other websites
 Fishbase

Ray-finned fish
Raymon Lee Cramton or Chad Everett (June 11, 1937 – July 24, 2012) was an American actor. He was known for his role as Dr. Joe Gannon in the television drama Medical Center.

Early life
Everett was born Raymon Lee Cramton on June 11, 1937 in South Bend, Indiana, to Virdeen (née Hopper) and Harry Clyde "Ted" Everett. He was raised in Dearborn, Michigan. Everett was educated at Fordson High School and at Wayne State University.

Career
Everett has appeared in shows including Cold Case, Medical Center, Supernatural, Malibu, and movies including: Aiplane II: The Sequel, The Firechasers, Made in Paris, and The Impossible Years.

Personal life and death
Everett was married to actress Shelby Grant from 1966 until her death in 2011. Everett had 2 children. Everett died of lung cancer on July 24, 2012 in Los Angeles, California, aged 75.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1937 births
2012 deaths
Actors from South Bend, Indiana
Actors from Michigan
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Deaths from lung cancer
People from Dearborn, Michigan
Luca Signorelli (probably born in 1441 or 1445, died 16 October 1523 in Corona, Italy) was an Italian painter. He was also called Luca d'Egidio di Ventura and Luca da Cortona. He is one of the most important painters of the Renaissance in Italy. He was good at painting perspective. One of the techniques he used is called foreshortening - with it a distance appears shorter than it actually is, because the object painted is shown at an angle. From 1499 to 1503, he painted a series of frescoes in Orvieto Cathedral, called the Last Judgement. This is what he is remembered for most. 

15th-century Italian painters
1440s births
1523 deaths
16th-century Italian painters
CGI is an abbreviation, that can stand for:
Computer-generated imagery - using computer graphics in movies 
Common Gateway Interface - a technology used on web servers
Bitis is a genus of venomous vipers found in Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula. This group contains the largest and smallest vipers in the world. There are currently 14 species found. Bitis are commonly known as the "African Adders", or the "African Viper".

Description
Both the largest viper, and the smallest viper in the world belong in this group. The largest viper, the Gaboon Viper, grows up to the length of 2 meters, while the smallest viper, the Namaqua Dwarf Adder, grows up to the length of only 28 cm. All African Adders have wide, triangular heads, a large, rounded snout, and small eyes.

Where they live
The African Adders are found in Africa, and the southern Arabian Peninsula.
Behavior
African Adders are terrestrial (meaning they live and are found on the ground), and ambush their prey. They are slow, and sluggish, but they can bite their prey or enemy with amazing speed. African Adders are known for when being disturbed inflating their body, and hissing loudly. All African Adders are viviparous, meaning they give live birth. They eat small rodents like mice and rats, birds, amphibians like frogs and toads, other snakes

Species
 Puff Adder, B. arietans
 Berg Adder, B. atropos
 Horned Adder, B. caudalis
 Many-horned Adder, B. cornuta
 Gaboon Viper, B. gabonica
 Angolan Adder, B. heraldica
 Plain Mountain Adder, B. inornata
 Rhinoceros Viper, B. nasicornis
 Ethiopian Mountain Adder, B. parviocula
 Peringuey's Desert Adder, B. peringueyi
 Red Adder, B. rubida
 Namaqua Dwarf Adder, B. schneideri
 Kenya Horned Viper, B. worthingtoni
 Desert Mountain Adder, B. xeropaga

Vipers
Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is using computer graphics, especially in movies. These images are used for special effects, simulation, and commercials, amongst others. Sometimes the technology is used to produce a static background, which is then merged into the image; at other times it is used to produce animations in 2D or 3D. In its broadest sense, a computer- generated image (CGI) can be defined as any image that is created with the use of a computer- based processor or program. Because computers are widely used, both in image generating and in image processing, these images are pervasive- from billboard advertisements to film productions and photography. 

Computer graphics
Movie industry
Benjamin Morrell, (July 5, 1795 – 1839) was an American sea captain, navigator and explorer.

Between 1821 and 1823, he made four important trips, especially in the Southern Ocean, the Pacific Islands and the eastern shores of the Americas.

He wrote a memoir about his travels titled "A Narrative of Four Voyages" and, following the information provided, earned a bad reputation as a liar, because it contained inaccuracies and also contained a somewhat fanciful way of exposing their experiences.

1795 births
1839 deaths
People from New York (state)
American explorers
Donna Lewis (born August 6th 1973) is a Welsh singer who is best known for her hit single I Love You Always Forever. She released her first two albums under Atlantic Records although she now has an independent label. Lewis was born in Wales.

References

Welsh singers
1973 births
Living people
Brain Stew, A.K.A. Jaded is a song by the punk rock band Green Day. The song was on their fourth studio album Insomniac in the year 1995.

Green Day songs
1995 songs
Paula Cole (born April 5, 1968) is an American singer and songwriter. Her songs include Where Have all the Cowboys Gone?. Cole was born in the Boston area. She received a Grammy Award for "Best New Artist" in 1998 and released more albums over the years.

References

American singer-songwriters
American rock singers
Grammy Award winners
American pianists
American keyboardists
Singers from Massachusetts
Musicians from Massachusetts
1968 births
Living people
Eristicophis is a monotypic genus made for the venomous viper species "E. macmahonii". It is found in the desert areas near the borders of Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. There are currently no subspecies recognized. The E. macmahonii is also known as the "McMahon's Viper", the "Asian Sand Viper", the "Leaf-nosed Viper", and the "Whiskered Viper".

Description
The McMahon's Viper is a small species of snake, growing up to less than one meter. Males are smaller than females; males can grow up to the length of 22-40 cm, and females can grow up to the length of 28-72 cm. They are reddish-brown or yellowish brown in color.

Where they live
The McMahon's Viper is found in the desert regions of Balochistan, near the borders of Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
Behavior
The McMahon's Viper is said to be nocturnal, but some say it is crepuscular, meaning it is active during the early morning or late evening. It is able to sidewind on loose sand, and sometimes climbs into bushes. It is a aggressive snake, hissing very loudly when disturbed or annoyed, and sometimes it raising its head of the ground and starts striking aggressively. It is able to sink into the sand by moving in a rocking motion. When it sinks into the sand it leaves its eyes and snout sticking out of the sand.

Feeding
The McMahon's Viper eats small lizards, small rodents like mice, and sometimes birds.

Reproduction
The McMahon's Viper is oviparous, meaning it lays eggs. It lays around a dozen eggs at a time, and these eggs take around 6-8 weeks to hatch. When the eggs hatch the young are about 6 inches (15 cm) long.

Venom
Not much is known about the McMahon's Viper venom, but some say it is similar to the venom of the Echis.

Vipers
Snakes of Asia
Macrovipera is a genus of venomous vipers, found in semi-deserts of North Africa, Middle East, and Milos Archipelago in the Aegean Sea. Macrovipera are commonly known as the "Large Palearctic Vipers". The Large Palearctic Viper is responsible for many bites in Africa and western Asia each year. There are four species currently found.

Description
Besides the Milos Viper, all the vipers in this group grow up to the length 1.5 meters.

Where they live
The Large Palearctic Viper lives in dry regions of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunis in North Africa, east to Pakistan, Kashmir, and India, north to Milos Archipelago in the Aegean Sea, and Armenia and Dagestan in Russia.

Species
 Desert Viper, M. deserti
 Blunt-nosed Viper, M. lebetina
 Moorish Viper, M. mauritanica
 Milos Viper, M. schweizeri

Vipers
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights in the United States have changed over time, and different states have different rules about them. Sexual acts between adults (depending on the age of consent in each state. This varies from age 16 to 21), and adolescents of an age close to an adult, of the same sex have been legal in the U.S. since 2003. 

Family, marriage, and anti-discrimination laws are different in every state. On June 26, 2015, the Supreme Court said that states could not have laws against same-sex marriage. This decision is called Obergefell v. Hodges. Before Obergefell v. Hodges, same-sex marriage was legal in 36 states and in Washington, D.C.
Twenty-one states plus Washington, D.C. have made discrimination because of sexual orientation illegal. Sixteen states plus Washington, D.C. have made discrimination because of gender identity or expression illegal. Hate crimes because of sexual orientation or gender identity can also be punished under Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009. 

Human Rights Campaign is the biggest LGBT-rights group in the U.S.

References
Atropoides is a genus of venomous Pit vipers found in Mexico and Central America. There are currently three species found. Atropoides are also known as the "Jumping Pit vipers" or the "Jumping Vipers".

Description
Jumping Vipers grow up to the length of around 90 centimeters (36 inches), while the longest ever found was 120.2 centimeters (47 in). All of them are thick-bodied, with the Mexican Jumping Pit viper being the thickest, and the Picado's Jumping Pit viper being the slimmest. It has a large head, with small eyes, and a rounded snout, it also has a short tail. They are gray-brown, reddish brown or black in color with brown blotches on them.

Where they live
The Jumping Vipers are found on the mountains of east Mexico, the lowlands of Central America, and Panama.
Behavior
Even though this snake is known as the "Jumping Viper" they do not really jump, but some say when they attack an enemy or prey they strike at such a force they actually leave the ground. They are slow moving and are not very aggressive snakes. They are active during both night and day, but those which are found on high altitudes are usually active at day time.

Feeding
Adult Jumping Vipers eat mainly small mammals and lizards, while young Jumping Vipers eat orthopterans, and skinks.

Species
 Mexican Jumping Pit Viper, A. nummifer
 Tuxtlan Jumping Pit Viper, A. olmec
 Picado's Jumping Pit Viper, A. picadoi

Vipers
Snakes of North America
Shawn Colvin (born January 10, 1956 in Vermillion, South Dakota) is a singer-songwriter and a musician. She began her career in the 1980s, though it was not until 1997 that she became mainstream: her song "Sunny Came Home" (from her album A Few Small Repairs) was number one on the Billboard Adult Pop Songs chart in August 1997. Colvin released more records during the late 1990s, 2000s and 2010s.

References

American singer-songwriters
American pop musicians
Singers from South Dakota
Musicians from South Dakota
Writers from South Dakota
1956 births
Living people
The TRS-80 is a computer made by Tandy Corporation sold by Radio Shack.

References

Historical computers‎
Cheryl Ladd (born Cheryl Jean Stoppelmoor, July 12, 1951 in Huron, South Dakota) is an American actress. Ladd is known for many television series and many movies. She is best known for her role as Kris Munroe in Charlie's Angels. She was with the show until 1981.

References 

American movie actors
Writers from South Dakota
American television actors
Actors from South Dakota
1951 births
Living people
Andrea True (born Andrea Marie Truden, July 26, 1943 - November 7, 2011) was an American porn star and a singer from the disco era of the 1970s. She is best known for her single "More, More, More". It was released in 1976. It peaked at #4 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Career
True was born in Nashville, Tennessee as Andrea Marie Truden. She moved to New York City during her teenage years. She wanted to seek fame as a movie star or singer. True sang in clubs. She got minor roles in mainstream movies from time to time. She was in movies, such as The Way We Were. But the fame she sought was fleeting. When some friends asked her to join them in a porn movie, True went along with the idea.

True acted in porn movies in Scandinavia in the 1960s. By the end of the decade, she began appearing in American adult movies. In the 1970s and 1980s, she acted in more than 50 hardcore porn movies in the early New York.
 
By the time of her singing career, True said she was getting tired of porn.
In early 1977, True released another song, "N.Y. You Got Me Dancing" from her follow-up studio album White Witch. The song was True's second biggest hit. It reached #27 on the American Billboard pop chart. 

True's third album, War Machine (1980), failed. When that happened, she tried to return to porn. But at almost 40, she was too old to return. She also could not go back to music due to a goiter that had developed on her vocal cords.

Death

Andrea True died of heart failure in Kingston, New York, where she was raised.

References

1943 births
2011 deaths
Actors from Tennessee
American pornographic actors
Deaths from heart failure
Singers from Nashville, Tennessee
The Chicago Board of Trade Building is a skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The Chicago Board of Trade Building is currently the 37th tallest building in Chicago. It stands , and has 44 floors. The building has a faceless statue of Ceres (goddess of agriculture) as a reference to the exchange's heritage as a commodity market.

History
 
The Chicago Board of Trade Building was built in 1929 and finished in 1930. It is at 141 W. Jackson Boulevard at the foot of the LaSalle Street canyon, in the Chicago Loop community area in Cook County. It first became a Chicago landmark in May 4, 1977. The building was made a National Historic Landmark on June 2, 1978. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 16, 1978.

Originally built for the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), it is now the primary trading venue for the derivatives exchange, the CME Group, The CME Group was founded in 2007 when the Chicago Board of Trade and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange merged.
Movies
The building has been featured in several movies, such as Transformers: Dark of the Moon, Batman Begins, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, and The Dark Knight. The building was featured as the outer part of the Daily Planet in the 2013 Superman movie Man of Steel.

Related pages
 Chicago
 List of tallest buildings in Chicago
 List of tallest buildings in the United States

References

Other websites

 Official Building Page from CBOT.com

Skyscrapers in Chicago
Art Deco buildings
Landmarks in Chicago
20th-century architecture
1930 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in Illinois
The torrent salamander is a species of salamanders. They are also known as Cascade salamanders. They are part of the family Rhyacotritonidae. They live in the Pacific Northwest.

The genus is divided into four species
Cascade Torrent Salamander (Rhyacotriton cascadae)
Columbia Torrent Salamander (Rhyacotriton kezeri)
Olympic Torrent Salamander (Rhyacotriton olympicus)
Southern Torrent Salamander (Rhyacotriton variegatus)

Other websites
 Tree of Life: Rhyacotritonidae 

Salamanders
For other wood frogs, see Wood frog (disambiguation).

The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) is a species of frog. It is part of the family Ranidae. It lives in North America and is the state amphibian of New York. The wood frog hibernates during winter.

Other websites 
 
 USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Frogs of North America
The desert froglet (Crinia deserticola) is a species of frog. They are part of the Myobatrachidae family. They live in Australia. They live in savannas and deserts.

Other websites 
 Hero J.-M; Horner P. & Retallick R. 2004.  Crinia deserticola.   2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species   Downloaded on 23 July 2007.

Frogs of Australia
The Moor Frog, Wolterstorff's Frog, Swedish swamp frog, Siberian frog, or Altai swamp frog (Rana arvalis) is a species of frog. It is part of the family Ranidae.  It lives in many parts of Europe and Asia, as far north as Siberia. It is skinny, reddish-brown and semi-aquatic amphibians.

References

Other websites
http://www.eol.org/pages/333000
http://www.theanimalfiles.com/amphibians/frogs/moor_frog.html
http://www.whose-tadpole.net/key-to-adult-amphibia/R-arvalis.htm 

Frogs of Europe
Frogs of Asia
The California tree frog (Pseudacris cadaverina) is a species of tree frogs is a frog that live in California in the United States and Baja California in Mexico. They often look like stones because of their skin which helps them to camouflage. They have webbed feet and their skin is rough and looks like warts. They can reach up to 2.9 to 5 cm long.

References

Frogs of North America
Ensatina is a genus of lungless salamanders. They are a complex of subspecies of Ensatina  eschscholtzii, found in forests in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California and Baja California,  Mexico.

Ring species 
The Ensatina salamander is a ring species in the mountains around the Californian Central Valley. The complex forms a horseshoe shape around the mountains. Though interbreeding can happen between each of the 19 populations around the horseshoe, the Ensatina eschscholtzii subspecies on the western end of the horseshoe cannot interbreed with the Ensatina klauberi on the eastern end. It is an illustration of "nearly all stages in a speciation process" (Dobzhansky). Richard Highton argued that Ensatina is a case of multiple species and not a continuum of one species.
Subspecies
Yellow Blotched Ensatina — E. e. croceater (Cope, 1868)
Monterey Ensatina — E. e. eschscholtzii Gray, 1850
Large Blotched Ensatina — E. e. klauberi Dunn, 1929
Oregon Ensatina — E. e. oregonensis (Girard, 1856)
Painted Ensatina — E. e. picta Wood, 1940
Sierra Nevada Ensatina — E. e. platensis (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875)
Yellow Eyed Ensatina — E. e. xanthoptica Stebbins, 1949

References 

Salamanders
The Foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) is a species of frogs. They are part of the Rana genus in the Ranidae family. They are small frogs only reaching 3.72-8.2 cm long. They are found in northern Oregon, California and Baja California in Mexico.

References

Frogs of North America
Rana:

Rana (genus)
Rana - a municipality in Nordland county in Norway
Centroleninae is a subfamily of frogs. There are nine genera.

Genera
Centrolene (27 species)
Chimerella
Cochranella (~55 species)
Espadaranaa
Nymphargus (30 species)
Rulyrana
Sachatamia
Teratohyla
Vitreorana

References

Frogs
Dendrobatoidea is a superfamily of frogs. There are two family of frogs.

Taxonomy
Aromobatidae (Grant et al., 2006)
Dendrobatidae (Cope, 1865)

References

Poison dart frogs
is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Kawasumi was a member of the Japan national team that won the 2011 World Cup. She scored two goals during the tournament.

She played on the women's team which won a silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. Her play was highlighted when she scored a crucial goal in her team's first match in the Olympic tournament.

Statistics

References

Other websites

Japan Football Association
1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
INAC Kobe Leonessa players
Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
2011 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2014 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2018 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
Footballers at the 2010 Asian Games
Footballers at the 2014 Asian Games
Olympic medalists in football
Japanese Olympic silver medalists
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
FIFA Women's World Cup-winning players
AFC Women's Asian Cup-winning players
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games gold medalists for Japan
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is the name of a disease that normally begins in childhood. It causes Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or tics. The symptoms begin very suddenly. If it is not treated at the beginning the disease can be there also in adults. The reason for PANS can be a bacteria called "Group A streptococcus" (PANDAS type) or an immunologic reaction to other pathogens like certain bacteria or viruses. (PITANDS type).

Signs and symptoms 
Patients suffering from PANS show sudden begin OCD and/or tics and at least two of these symptoms:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or finding it hard to eat. This begins very suddenly and very intensely.
 At the same time, more neuropsychiatric symptoms begin. These are just as quick and severe. The symptoms are from at least two of these categories:
 Fear with or without a reason (Anxiety)
 Problems with feelings and/or sadness (Depression)
 Aggression 
 Behavioral regression (acting like a younger child)
 Problems in school
 Sensory or movement problems (e.g. suddenly bad handwriting)
 Other symptoms, including sleep problems, bed-wetting or using the toilet very often
 Symptoms cannot be better explained by other illnesses such as Sydenham's chorea, systemic lupus erythematosus, Tourette disorder or others.
Similar conditions 
PANS shares symptoms with other diseases. Therefore diagnostic tests must be done to exclude other conditions like Sydenham's chorea, lupus erythematosus, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and Tourette syndrome.  Proof of acute rheumatic fever would exclude a PANS classification.

Treatment 
There is no direct treatment for PANS available yet. This means today only some of the symptoms can be treated. But scientists are already working to develop treatments with antibiotics and immune-based therapies that can heal the disease. Nevertheless early and consequent  treatment of the symptoms seems to be important. Otherwise the disease can become a lifelong problem.

References
References

Other websites 
PANS/PANDAS Information - National Institute of Mental Health
PANS/PANDAS Information provided by the International OCD Foundation
NIMH Director's Blog 
From Research Subgroup to Clinical Syndrome: Modifying the PANDAS Criteria to Describe PANS (Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome) 
Recent Research (2012)
Harvard Health Publications about PANS/PANDAS

Psychiatry
Diseases and disorders of the nervous system
The Cattaro (Italian province), called in Italian Provincia italiana di Cattaro was an administrative section of the Governorate of Dalmatia, created during World War II by the Kingdom of Italy with Regio Decreto Legge of May 18, 1941.

Characteristics

The newly created province had approximately the borders of the Albania veneta, that was part of the Republic of Venice until 1797 in southern Dalmatia.

In the province of Cattaro there were the cities of Cattaro, Perasto, Risan|, Teodo and Castelnuovo di Cattaro. The province had a small territory around the "Bocche di Cattaro" (Boka Kotorska) of 547 km² and nearly 39,800 inhabitants. The island of Saseno in Albania was annexed to the province, after separating it from the province of Zara (since 1920 this little island was part of Italy).

The population was mostly Slav, but there were nearly 3,000 autochthonous Italians, descendants from the Dalmatian Italians since Roman times: they were concentrated in the areas of Cattaro and Perasto.

History
History

Italian General Vittorio Ambrosio conquered in a few days all the Dalmatian coast of Yugoslavia, and occupied the area around Cattaro (called "Kotor" since 1919) in April 1941.

The new Italian province of Cattaro was created by order of Italian leader Benito Mussolini the next month, with the "May 19 Treaty between Italy and Croatia". Francesco Scassellati Sforzolini was named "Prefect" of the Cattaro province, serving from June 1941 to June 1943.

The governorship of the Cattaro province (and all the Governorate of Dalmatia) was held by Giuseppe Bastianini until January 1943 when he was recalled to Italy to join the cabinet; his place as governor was taken by Francesco Giunta.
In summer 1941 the Italian government started a policy of Italianization in all the Governorate of Dalmatia. New Italian schools were opened in the "Bocche di Cattaro" (now called Boka Kotorska). Administrative personnel from Italy moved to Cattaro city (nearly 6,700 Dalmatian Italians took refuge in Italy after the creation of Jugoslavia in 1919, and many of them were offered work if they returned to settle with their families in the Governorate of Dalmatia). Bastianini started needed public works, building hospitals, sewage and roads in the area.

Some 500 Jews took refuge in the Cattaro province, after escaping the Ustasha and Nazi German persecution in their areas of former Jugoslavia.
The province was spared the bloody guerrilla, that happened in the rest of Italian-occupied Montenegro, until mid-September 1943 when Germans took control of the area and the Italian province of Cattaro disappeared. The Italian Division "Emilia" of the "XIV° Corpo d'Armata" fought the German occupation of the Province of Cattaro, having 597 deaths e 963 wounded soldiers, from September 9 until September 16, 1943.

"Comuni" of the Province of Cattaro
These were 15 "comuni" (municipalities) in the Italian Province of Cattaro. The first name is in Italian, the second in Montenegrin-Serbian and the third in Croatian:

Cattaro / Cotor (Kotor)  
Cartolle / Krtole
Castelnuovo di Cattaro / Hercegnovi (Herceg Novi)   
Dobroto / Dobrota
Gruda / Gruda
Lastua Inferiore / Donia Lastovo (Donja Lastva)    
Lustizza / Lustiza (Luštica)
Mulla / Muo    
Perasto / Perast    
Perzagno / Prčanj  
Risano / Risan   
Stolivo Inferiore / Donji Stoliv   
Sutorina / Sutorina
Teodo / Tivai (Tivat)   
Zuppa / Grbali
Related pages
 Dalmatian Italians
 Albania veneta
 Italian cultural and historic presence in Dalmatia
 Venice and Dalmatia
 Cattaro
 Spalato (Italian province)
 Zara (Italian province)

Notes

1940s in Italy
1941 in Europe
1942 in Europe
1943 in Europe
History of Montenegro
A.N.T. Farm is an American sitcom. The first episode played on television on May 6, 2011. It continued as a regular series starting on June 17, 2011. The pilot episode, "TransplANTed" aired after the last episode of The Suite Life on Deck. The show was created by Dan Signer. He was a screenwriter and co-executive producer of The Suite Life on Deck. He also made the YTV series Mr. Young. Disney Channel approved the show in mid-November 2010. Production began in early 2011. The first promo was released during the premiere of Lemonade Mouth.

The show takes place in San Francisco, California. The show stars China Anne McClain, Sierra McCormick and Jake Short. They are middle school students in a gifted education program called the "Advanced Natural Talent" (or "A.N.T.") program. On November 30, 2011, A.N.T. Farm was accepted for a second season. It started on June 1, 2012. The last show aired on March 21, 2014.
Cast 
 China Anne McClain as Chyna
 Sierra McCormick as Olive
 Jake Short as Fletcher
 Stefanie Scott as Lexi
 Carlon Jeffery as Cameron
 Aedin Mincks as Angus

Episodes

Awards

References

Other websites 
 
 
 

American sitcoms
2010s American television series
2011 American television series debuts
2014 American television series endings
Disney Channel television series
Television series by Disney
English-language television programs
Williams syndrome is a rare development problem. It is characterized by a distinct "elfin" facial appearance, strong language skills and cardiovascular troubles. There is a degree of low intelligence tied to Williams syndrome. There are also language and motor skills delays.

Diseases and disorders of the nervous system
Syndromes

Diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system
is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Miyama was a member of the Japan national team that won the 2011 World Cup.

She was named the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Women's Player of the Year in 2011

Miyama was a member of the women's team in the 2008 Summer Olympics at Beijing.  She was elected captain of the team which won a silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.Her play was highlighted when she scored a crucial goal in her team's first game.

Statistics

1Includes 2009 Women's Professional Soccer Playoffs.

References

Other websites

Japan Football Association
1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza players
Okayama Yunogo Belle players
Footballers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
2003 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2007 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2011 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2003 AFC Women's Championship players
2006 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2014 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
Footballers at the 2006 Asian Games
Footballers at the 2010 Asian Games
Footballers at the 2014 Asian Games
Olympic medalists in football
Japanese Olympic silver medalists
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
FIFA Women's World Cup-winning players
AFC Women's Asian Cup-winning players
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games gold medalists for Japan
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
Henry Franklin Winkler OBE (born October 30, 1945) is an American movie, television, stage, voice actor, director, producer, and writer. Winkler won two Golden Globe Awards, in 1976 and in 1977, for his role as Fonzie or The Fonz in Happy Days.

Winkler is Jewish and has dyslexia.

Biography

Early life
Winkler was born on October 30, 1945 in New York City, New York. His parents were Ilse Anna Maria (née Hadra), and Harry Irving Winkler, a lumber company executive. Winkler's Jewish parents emigrated from Germany to the United States in 1939, before the beginning of World War II.

Winkler attended the McBurney School. He received his bachelor's degree from Emerson College in 1967. He earned his Master of Fine Arts degree from the Yale School of Drama in 1970. In 1978 Emerson College and Austin College gave Winkler an honorary doctorate of humane letters.

Career
Career

Happy Days
Winkler is best known for his role as Fonzie (also called The Fonz) on the 1970 American sitcom Happy Days. Fonzie was a leather-clad greaser and an auto mechanic. The character started as a minor character, but became more important before the show's end.

Obama election
In October 2008, Winkler appeared in a video with Ron Howard, again playing their roles of Fonzie and Richie Cunningham, trying to make people vote for Barack Obama. The video was called "Ron Howard's Call to Action". It also featured the late Andy Griffith.

Since 2010

As of June 2010, Winkler has appeared on the USA show Royal Pains.

On June 19, 2010, Winkler appeared on ITV World Cup Live show. Winkler represented the United States in the World Cup Wall Chart.

As of the summer/fall 2010 season, Winkler has joined the cast in the Adult Swim web series Children's Hospital playing a hospital administrator.
In late September 2010, Winkler voiced Professor Nathaniel Zib in the Lego Factory mini-series Rise of the Rookies.

On May 31, 2011, Winkler's book, I've Never Met an Idiot on the River. It shows Winkler's love of flying and fishing.

In 2011, Winkler guest-starred as Ambush Bug in the series finale of Batman: The Brave and the Bold.

In the 2013 Broadway season, Winkler, Cheyenne Jackson, Alicia Silverstone, and Ari Graynor are set to star in the David West Read play The Performers opening Nov 14, 2012 at The Longacre Theatre.

Winkler appeared in the movie Here Comes the Boom (released October 12, 2012), as the music teacher at Wilkinson High School.

Honors
In September 2011, Winkler was made an honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) "for services to children with special educational needs and dyslexia in the UK."
Personal life
Winkler has been married to Stacey Weitzman since May 5, 1978. They have two children; Zoe Emily (b. 1980) and Max Daniel (b. 1983). Winkler also has a stepson from Weitzman's last marriage to Howard Weitzman.

Some of the movies he was in
Crazy Joe (1974)
 The Lords of Flatbush (1974)
 The Bob Newhart Show (TV Series) (Season 2/Episode 19 "Clink Shrink") (1974)
 Happy Days (TV series) (1974–1982)
 Katherine, also known as The Radical (1975)
 Heroes (1977)
 The One and Only (1978)
 An American Christmas Carol (TV movie) (1979)
 Night Shift (1982)
 Memories of Me (directing) (1988)
 MacGyver (1991)
 Cop and a Half (directing) (1993)
 Scream (1996) (Principal Himbry) (uncredited)
 Detention: The Siege at Johnson High (1997)
 Dad's Week Off (1997)
 Dead Man's Gun (TV series) (1997-1999, exec. prod.) 
 Ground Control (1998)
 The Waterboy, as Coach Kline (1998)
 P.U.N.K.S. (1999)
 Dill Scallion (1999)
 Little Nicky (2000)
 Down to You (2000)
 Law and Order SVU (2002)
 Holes (2003)
 Arrested Development (TV series) (2003–2006)
King of the Hill (2004)
 Berkeley (2005)
 Malcolm in the Middle (2005)
 The Kid & I (2005)
 Out of practice (TV series) (2005–2006)
 Duck Dodgers (2006)
 Unbeatable Harold (2006)
 Click (2006)
 I Could Never Be Your Woman (2007)
 A Plumm Summer (2007)
 NUMB3RS  (2008–2009)
 You Don't Mess with the Zohan (2008)
 Merry Christmas, Drake & Josh (2008)
 The Most Wonderful Time of the Year  (2008)
 Sit Down, Shut Up (2009) (TV series)
 Group Sex (2010)
 Royal Pains (TV, 2010–2012)
 Kick Buttowski: Suburban Daredevil (2010-2012)
 Childrens Hospital (TV, 2010)
 LEGO Hero Factory (TV, 2010-2011)
 Running Mates (2011) (Plays Bob Weatherbee)
 Batman: The Brave and the Bold (TV, 2011)
 The Penguins of Madagascar (2011)
 Here Comes the Boom (2012)
 Scoob! (2020)

References

Other websites
Other websites

1945 births
Living people
Actors from Manhattan
American children's writers
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American television directors
American television producers
American voice actors
Comedians from New York City
Jewish American actors
Jewish American comedians
Jewish American writers
Jewish businesspeople
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
Television personalities from New York City
Writers from Manhattan
Yale University alumni
People with dyslexia
Naomi Judd (born Diana Ellen Judd; January 11, 1946 – April 30, 2022) was an American country music singer, songwriter, and activist.

Judd was married to Michael Ciminella from 1964 to 1972.  She married Larry Strickland in 1989.
Naomi was the mother of Christina Ciminella (aka Wynonna Judd) and Ashley. Ashley is an American movie and stage actress. Naomi and daughter Wynonna formed a successful country singing duo called The Judds. That group ended after Naomi was diagnosed with hepatitis C in 1990. Judd was also a writer.

After her last tour, Judd had depression, anxiety, panic attacks, edema, baldness, tremors and suicidal thoughts.

Judd shot herself on April 30, 2022 in Franklin, Tennessee at the age of 76. She had mental health issues such as depression. The day after her death, The Judds were honored into the Country Music Hall of Fame.

References
References 

Country musicians from Kentucky
Singers from Kentucky
Writers from Kentucky
1946 births
2022 deaths
American country singers
Actors from Kentucky
American movie actors
American television actors
Musicians who committed suicide
Suicides by firearm in the United States
was a Japanese athlete.  She was best known as a figure skater. 

Inada won the Japan Figure Skating Championships seven times. 

Inada was a member of the Japan national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics.  At age 12, She was the youngest Japanese competitor in all Olympic games.

Competitive highlights
 Winter Olympic Games, 1936
 World Figure Skating Championships, 1936
 European Figure Skating Championships, 1936
 Japan Figure Skating Championships, 1934-1935, 1936-1951

Other websites
 Sports in Japan
 Japan at the Olympics

References

Sportspeople from Osaka
1924 births
2003 deaths
Japanese figure skaters
Farnaz Ghazizadeh (; born December 3, 1974 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian journalist, blogger, and BBC Persian Television presenter. She has been involved in BBC Persian Television.

References
 BBC Persian TV – services 

1974 births
Living people
BBC television presenters
Iranian entertainers
Iranian journalists
Writers from Tehran
BBC newsreaders and journalists
A spear thrower is a wooden tool used for throwing spears. It gives the human arm more leverage to build up the spear's velocity. This gives the spear more force and makes it go faster. Spear throwers were used in many civilisations. It was used by the Aztecs, who called it an atlatl. It is also used by Aboriginals in Australia, where it has become most widely known as a woomera (the Dharuk name for it).

References

Other websites
 Aboriginal technology 
 World Atlatl Association Web Site

Weapons
Indigenous Australian culture
A featherfoot or Kadiatcha man is a sorcerer in Australian Aboriginal spirituality. A featherfoot is usually a bad spirit who kills people. In most traditional Aboriginal beliefs, there is no such thing as a natural death. Every death is caused by evil spirits or spells. It is usually because of an enemy, who wants revenge for something.

A featherfoot is so named because they are believed to have supernatural powers, including the ability to fly and move inter-dimensionaly when threatened as means of escape. He wears special shoes made of feathers (usually emu) and hair, stuck together with human blood. Scholars say that the shoes leave no tracks (footprints). 

The Kadiatcha uphold tribal law. They do not kill random people only those who have transgressed traditional customs. They use a pointing bone a form of Spiritual weapon and when someone has had the bone pointed it weakens them and the Kadiatcha will then track that person down until the transgression has been dealt with.
South-West of Western Australia, which includes the Noongar people, have a local scary story to tell at night. When the featherfoot is hunting you, it waits till you’re alone or in a small group, at night walking to a destination. The person or the group will start to get a sense of foreboding, followed by a strong sense they are being followed. The featherfoot is close behind, following. Its steps are silent and leave not tracks. The only way to survive a feathfoot attack is to never look behind you until you get back to a light source. Keep walking and don’t look back, it’s when the person looks behind them, is when it attacks. Often the reason the spirit will follow and attack someone is because they have committed a crime, or something as heinous or evil.

All that is left behind after an attack, is a single large unknown bird feather and a small amount of the victims blood.
One has been witnessed to live in the Western Australian, Albany Narrikup region, where many animal remains are also found near it's lair in bushland. It is threatened by dogs.

References

Indigenous Australian culture
Australian mythology
Marla Maples (born October 27, 1963 near Dalton, Georgia) is an American movie actress and television personality. She is best known for her marriage to the businessman and President Donald Trump. She is a distant cousin of the actress Heather Locklear. She was born in Cohutta, Georgia.

References

Other websites

1963 births
Living people
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
American movie actors
Trump family