Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
M. Stanley Whittingham (born 22 December 1941) is an English-American chemist.  He is currently a professor of chemistry and director of both the Institute for Materials Research and the Materials Science and Engineering program at Binghamton University, part of the State University of New York. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019.

References

1941 births
Living people
English chemists
American chemists
People from Nottingham
Naturalized citizens of the United States
State University of New York faculty‎
is a Japanese chemist. He is a professor of Meijo University. He is the inventor of lithium-ion battery (LIB) often used in cellular phones and notebook computers. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019.

References

1948 births
Living people
Japanese chemists
Kyoto University alumni
The act of cession is the transfer of property to another entity (person, country, etc.).  In international law, it commonly refers to land transferred by a treaty. It is different from annexation, where property is taken by force. Cession is voluntary or is supposed to be.

Retrocession

Retrocession is to return something (e.g., land) that was ceded.

Related pages
 Border dispute

International law
The Spring River is a river in southwestern Missouri, southeastern Kansas, and northeastern Oklahoma. It is

References

Other websites

 Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory

Rivers of Missouri
Rivers of Kansas
Rivers of Oklahoma
Deficit spending is when someone is spending more money than they have. In other words, it is when there is more spending than there is revenue. It is also called simply deficit, or budget deficit. The opposite of a deficit is a budget surplus. The term may be used for the budget of a government, private company, or person.

Government deficit spending is a point of controversy in economics, with important economists having different views.

Related pages

 Keynesian economics
 Fiscal policy
Economic deficit

References

Finance
Economics
Monument Rocks (also Chalk Pyramids) are a series of big chalk formations in Gove County, Kansas. It has many fossils. The formations were the first landmark chosen by the US Department of the Interior as a National Natural Landmark. The chalk formations reach a height of up to . It includes formations such as buttes and arches. The carbonate deposits were laid down during the Cretaceous Period in what was then the Western Interior Seaway. It split the continent of North America into two landmasses. They are estimated to have been formed 80 million years ago.

History
On January 29, 2008, Monument Rocks, 25 miles south of Oakley, Kansas, and Castle Rock, 31 miles to the east, together were named as one of the 8 Wonders of Kansas.

References

Other websites
Monument Rocks (Chalk Pyramids)
Monument Rocks/Rock Pyramids
Monument Rocks 
Gove County Map, KDOT

Geography of Kansas
Marija Pejčinović Burić (; born 9 April 1963) is a Croatian politician. She was the 14th Minister of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia and Deputy Prime Minister of Croatia from 19 June 2017 to 19 July 2019.

On 26 June 2019, she was elected as the 14th Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Pejčinović Burić's term began on 18 September 2019.

References

1963 births
European Union politicians
Croatian politicians
Living people
The 2019 Halle and Landsberg attack was a shooting incident that happened on 9 October 2019 in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Two people were killed, and two others were severely injured. 

The suspect was arrested later the same day. He is 27-year-old German, Stephan Balliet from Saxony-Anhalt. Federal investigators called the attack a far-right and antisemitic crime.

References

2019 crimes in Europe 
2019 in Germany
2010s crimes in Germany
2010s murders in Europe
Attacks on buildings and structures in 2019
Attacks on buildings and structures in Germany
Attacks on religious buildings and structures
Landsberg attack

Murder in 2019
Murder in Germany
October 2019 events
The 2019 Ecuadorian protests are an ongoing series of protests and riots against the end of fuel subsidies and austerity measures by President of Ecuador Lenín Moreno and his administration.

The protests began on 3 October 2019, as taxi, bus and truck drivers came out in protest against the planned fuel subsidy abolition. Indigenous peoples groups joined the protests shortly thereafter, along with university students and labour unions. The protesters declared their plan to hold an indefinite general strike, which would last until the government overturned its decision. 

President Moreno declared a state of emergency on October 4, 2019, amid nationwide protests against a hike in fuel prices. The protests had weakened the country's transport network with all major roads and bridges blocked in the capital Quito.

Shortly thereafter, President Lenín Moreno refused to discuss a potential reversal of the fuel plans and called protesting crowds as "criminals".
On 8 October 2019, President Moreno said his government had relocated to the coastal city of Guayaquil after anti-government protesters had overrun the capital Quito. On the same day, President Moreno accused his predecessor Rafael Correa of creating a coup against the government with the help of Venezuela's Nicolás Maduro, a charge which Correa denied.

During the late-night hours of 13 October, the Ecuadorian government and CONAIE reached an agreement during a televised negotiation. Both parties agreed to collaborate on new economic measures to combat overspending and debt. The austerity measures were reversed.

References

2019 in South America
2010s in Ecuador
October 2019 events
John Michael Kosterlitz (born June 22, 1943) is a British-American physicist. He is a professor of physics at Brown University and the son of biochemist Hans Kosterlitz. He was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics along with David Thouless and Duncan Haldane for work on condensed matter physics.

References 

1943 births
American atheists
American Nobel Prize winners
British Nobel Prize winners
Jewish atheists
Jewish American scientists
British atheists
Jewish British scientists
Scottish physicists
People from Aberdeen
Living people
Crassier is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Municipalities in Nyon
Messier 52 or M52 is also known as NGC 7654. It is an open cluster of stars in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Charles Messier on September 7, 1774. M52 can be seen from Earth with binoculars.

Open star clusters
Messier 38 or M38, also known as NGC 1912, is an open cluster of stars in the constellation of Auriga. It is about  away from Earth.

Open star clusters
Drummond was an electoral district in the Centre-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada, which elected members to the National Assembly of Quebec. Its last election had most of the city of Drummondville and all of Saint-Edmond-de-Grantham, Saint-Eugène, Saint-Germain-de-Grantham and Saint-Majorique-de-Grantham.

Geography of Quebec
Elections in Canada
Olga Nawoja Tokarczuk (; born 29 January 1962) is a Polish writer and activist. 

In 2018, she won the Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights, becoming the first Polish writer to do so. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for the year 2018 (awarded in 2019).

References

1962 births
Living people
Polish essayists
Polish activists
Polish Nobel Prize winners
Dully is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Nyon
Mikhail Sergeyevich Biryukov (; 28 April 1992 – 4 October 2019) was a Russian junior tennis player. His highest ATP singles ranking was 292. After his retirement from professional tennis at age 22, he was a coach of under 16 player Alexey Zakharov. He was the son of four-time World Champion in modern pentathlon, Irina Kiseleva. He won the silver medal in the inaugural Youth Olympic Games held in Singapore.

On 4 October 2019, Biryukov was found dead in Moscow at the age of 27.

References

1992 births
2019 deaths
Russian tennis players
Yevgeny Viktorovich Bushmin (, 4 October 1958 – 6 October 2019) was a Russian politician. He was a Deputy of the 1st State Duma and Deputy Finance Minister. He was the member of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly as the representative of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. 

Bushmin died on 6 October 2019, two days after his 61st birthday, after a long-illness.

References

1958 births
2019 deaths
Russian politicians
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Ugo Colombo (22 February 1940 – 10 October 2019) was an Italian racing cyclist. He rode the Giro d'Italia in 1964–1974 with Filotex, with the best result of third place in 1971, and the Tour de France in 1966–1968, placing tenth in 1968.

Colombo died on 10 October 2019 at the age of 79.

References

1940 births
2019 deaths
Italian cyclists
Sportspeople from Milan
Andrés Gimeno Tolaguera (3 August 1937 – 9 October 2019) was a Spanish tennis player. In 1972, when he won the French Open and he was the oldest first-time grand slam champion of the open era at 34 years of age.

Gimeno died of cancer, on 9 October 2019, at the age of 82.

References

1937 births
2019 deaths
Male tennis players
Cancer deaths in Spain
Sportspeople from Barcelona
(19 April 1944 – 9 October 2019) was a Polish forester, educator and politician. He was Minister of Environment from 1997 through 1999, from 2005 through 2007 and again from 2015 through 2018. Szyszko was born in Warsaw. He was elected to the Sejm on 25 September 2005.

Szyszko died on 9 October 2019 in Warsaw of a heart attack at the age of 75.

References

Other websites
Jan Szyszko – parliamentary page  – includes declarations of interest, voting record, and transcripts of speeches.

1944 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Environmentalists
Politicians from Warsaw
Louis-Christophe Zaleski-Zamenhof (born Ludwik Krzysztof Zamenhof, 23 January 1925 – 9 October 2019) was a Polish-French civil and marine engineer of Jewish descent. He worked in the design of structural steel and concrete construction. Zaleski-Zamenhof wrote a foreword to L'homme qui a défié Babel ("The man who defied Babel", 2003), a French-language biography, by René Centassi and Henri Masson, of the originator of Esperanto.

Writings
J. P. Bonin, G. Deleuil and L. C. Zaleski-Zamenhof. "Foundation analysis of marine gravity structures submitted to cyclic loading." Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas (1976). pp. 571–579

References

1925 births
2019 deaths
French engineers
Holocaust survivors
Jewish French scientists
People from Warsaw
Polish Jews
Polish scientists
Marine engineers
Civil engineers
Tony Hoar (10 February 1932 – 5 October 2019) was a British racing cyclist. He represented England in the road race at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, Canada.

He finished in last place in the 1955 Tour de France.

Hoar died on 5 October 2019 of cancer at the age of 87.

References

1932 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cancer
British cyclists
Sportspeople from Hampshire
Harold Blaine Lindgren (June 26, 1939 – October 5, 2019) was an American sprinter. He competed mainly in the 110 m hurdles. He won this event at the 1963 Pan American Games. He won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Lindgren died on October 5, 2019 in Salt Lake City, Utah at the age of 80.

References

Other websites
 
 
 

1939 births
2019 deaths
American Olympic silver medalists
American sprinters
American hurdlers
Sportspeople from Salt Lake City, Utah
Rolle is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It was the capital of the district of Rolle until 2006, when it became part of the district of Nyon. It is on the northwestern shore of Lake Geneva (Lac Léman) between Nyon and Lausanne. Rolle is about  northeast of Geneva (Genève) in the La Côte wine-growing region, and has views of the high Alps. It has a population () of .

References

Other websites 

 Rolle - Official website 
 Rolle Office of Tourism
 Information and views on the main street in Rolle

Municipalities in Nyon
Cities in Switzerland
Essertines-sur-Rolle is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Municipalities in Nyon
Eysins is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Municipalities in Nyon
Founex is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Nyon
Matteson  is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States and southern suburb of Chicago. The population was 19,073 at the 2020 census.

References 

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Westchester is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a western suburb of Chicago. The population was 16,892 at the 2020 census.

References 

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Worth is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb of Chicago. The population was 10,970 at the 2020 census.

References

Other websites 
 Village of Worth - Official website

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Genolier is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Nyon
Gilly is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Nyon
Gingins is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website  

Municipalities in Nyon
Bo Horvat (born April 5, 1995) is an ice hockey player and the current captain of the Vancouver Canucks. He has played for the Canucks since 2014.

1995 births
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Ontario Hockey League players
Vancouver Canucks players
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a secret agreement in 1762. In this treaty, France ceded Louisiana to Spain. The treaty happened shortly after the last battle in the French and Indian War in North America. This battle was the Battle of Signal Hill, and it happened in September 1762. This battle strengthened British control of Canada. In Europe, the related Seven Years' War continued. Because France already lost Canada, King Louis XV of France proposed to King Charles III of Spain that France should give Spain "the country known as Louisiana, as well as New Orleans and the island in which the city is at." Louis proposed the cession on November 13 and Charles accepted on November 23, 1762.

References

History of Louisiana
18th-century treaties
1760s works
Givrins is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Nyon
Alsey is a village in Illinois in the United States. It was originally called Smithfield.

Villages in Illinois
Manchester is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Douglas County, Kansas, keeps many county highways to serve the rural areas and state parks of the county. It is one of a few of Kansas counties to do so.

The major county highways are built on a grid. East–west-oriented roads have a three-digit number beginning with the number "4" and ending in an even number. The further north the road, the lower the number; the further south, the higher the number. North–south-oriented roads have a four-digit number beginning with "10" and ending in an odd number. The further west the road, the lower the number; the further east, the higher the number.

There are also minor county roads with one or two digits that go a short distance or serve a state park.

None of the county highways enters Lawrence, the county seat.

The maximum speed limit on all county highways in Douglas County is .

Lists

Major east–west oriented roads

Major north–south oriented roads

Minor county highways

References

Douglas County, Kansas
Black Hills Corporation is an energy company that is an electric and gas utility in South Dakota and Wyoming. They sell power throughout the American West. They are in Rapid City, South Dakota.

It gets its name from its home in the Black Hills of South Dakota.

References

Other websites 
  blackhillscorp.com

20th-century establishments in South Dakota
1941 establishments in the United States
Companies based in South Dakota
Electric power companies
South Dakota
Exede Internet was launched in 2012 through ViaSat. It provides broadband internet to the United States. Exede service is powered by the ViaSat-1 satellite. ViaSat-1 earned the Guinness World Record title for the highest capacity communications satellite. The Exede service currently serves 687,000 customers in the U.S.

History
Launched in 2012, Exede Internet is a broadband internet service that covers areas traditional internet service providers do not reach. In 2013, Exede introduced Exede Voice home service as a companion to the data service.

Exede also offers Exede Business. It launched in 2014. It also offers Exede Enterprise for live events, field operations, and disaster response.

References

2012 disestablishments in the United States
Companies based in Delaware
Internet
Hughes Communications is a subsidiary of EchoStar. It is headquartered in Germantown, Maryland. It provides a high-speed satellite internet service. That service is called HughesNet. It is the biggest service of its kind because it has more than 1.3 million subscribers in the Americas.

Company history

HughesNet 
In 1996, Hughes created a satellite Internet service for people and small businesses. The service was called DirecPC. It was renamed to Direcway in May 2002. In 2012, with Hughes' first offering of broadband satellite Internet, it was renamed HughesNet.

References

Other websites 
 Official website

20th-century establishments in Maryland
1971 establishments in the United States
American internet service providers
Companies based in Maryland
Gitanas Nausėda (born 19 May 1964) is a Lithuanian politician and economist. He is the 9th and current President of Lithuania since July 2019. He is an Independent.

References

1964 births
Living people
Economists
Presidents of Lithuania
Current national leaders
People from Vilnius
An electric utility is a company in the electric power industry (often a public utility). This kind of company does electricity generation and distribution of electricity for sale generally in a regulated market. The electrical utility industry is a major provider of energy in most countries.

Electric utilities are facing increasing demands  including aging infrastructure, reliability, and regulation.

References

Energy
Enrique Moreno (December 28, 1955 – October 10, 2019) was a Mexican-American attorney. His career was based in El Paso, Texas. Moreno was once a federal judicial nominee to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit by President Bill Clinton in 1999. The Republican controlled United States Senate denied to approved his nomination twice.

Early life
Moreno was born in Chihuahua, Mexico and the son of a carpenter and a seamstress, Moreno earned a bachelor's degree from Harvard University in 1978 and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1981.

Career
Moreno began his career as a personal injury and product liability attorney in 1981 in El Paso, Texas. He has worked for four different law firms in his career. He has been the practitioner of the Law Offices of Enrique Moreno since 1999.
Moreno won several large judgments in his legal career. In August 2001, Moreno was one of five lawyers to win a $55,515,000 judgment for an El Paso man against Kelly-Moore Paints for placing asbestos-containing fibers in a joint compound product that caused pleural mesothelioma in a patient.

On April 12, 2006, Moreno won a $27.5 million judgment for an Iran-born American citizen against Southwest Airlines in a landmark racial profiling case after Southwest's flight attendants had her arrested after she had complained about poor service on the airline.

Death
Moreno died of cancer-related problems in El Paso on October 10, 2019 at the age of 63.

References

1955 births
2019 deaths
Cancer deaths in Texas
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Mexican lawyers
Lawyers from El Paso, Texas
People from Chihuahua (state)
Lightspeed is an American online fantasy and science fiction magazine. John Joseph Adams edits and publishes the magazine. The first issue was published in June 2010 It is published every month. The magazine publishes four new, original stories and four reprints in every issue. It also includes interviews with the authors and other nonfiction. All of the content published in each issue is sold as as an ebook and for free on the magazine's website. Lightspeed also makes a free podcast with some stories. Stefan Rudnicki produces the podcast.

History
Lightspeed was started by publisher Sean Wallace of Prime Books with John Joseph Adams as editor. Wallace also published  Fantasy Magazine. Adams also started to edit Fantasy Magazine from March 2011. Lightspeed became an SFWA-qualifying market in July 2011.
In November of 2011 Adams purchased Lightspeed and Fantasy Magazine from Wallace. From January 2012 issue, both magazines were combined with the name Lightspeed. Fantasy Magazine stopped publishing. The Fantasy Magazine staff was also absorbed into Lightspeed.

In September 2013, Lightspeed published their first Special Issue. It was called "Women Destroy Science Fiction", an anthology entirely written and edited by women. Lightspeed got $53,136 from a Kickstarter to pay for the special issue. This was much more than their goal of $5,000. The additional funds allowed Lightspeed to publish further volumes, entitled "Women Destroy Fantasy" and "Women Destroy Horror."

Awards and recognition
Lightspeed was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Semiprozine in 2011 and 2012, and, 2013, and won the Hugo in 2014. In 2011 its podcast was awarded a Parsec award for Maggie Clark's "Saying the Names."
In 2010 two Lightspeed stories were finalists for the Nebula Award for Best Short Story: Adam-Troy Castro's "Arvies" and Vylar Kaftan's "I'm Alive, I Love You, I'll See You in Reno." In 2011 "Amaryllis" by Carrie Vaughn was a finalist for the Hugo Award for Best Short story. Also in 2011, Adam-Troy Castro's "Her Husband's Hands" and Tom Crosshill's "Mama, We are Zhenya, Your Son" were finalists for the Best Short Story Nebula. Jake Kerr's "The Old Equations" was nominated for Best Novella. In 2012, Maria Dahvana Headley's "Give Her Honey When You Hear Her Scream" and Ken Liu's "The Bookmaking Habits of Select Species" were both finalists for the Best Short Story Nebula. In 2014, Ken Liu's "The Litigation Master and the Monkey King" and  Christopher Barzak's "Paranormal Romance" were both finalists for the Best Novelette Nebula. In 2014, Matthew Kressel's "The Sounds of Old Earth" and  Sylvia Spruck Wrigley's "Alive, Alive Oh" were both finalists for the Best Short Story Nebula.
Some stories were nominated for the Theodore Sturgeon Award: Yoon Ha Lee's "Flower, Mercy, Needle, Chain" in 2011, Jake Kerr's "The Old Equations" in 2012, and Ken Liu's "The Bookmaking Habits of Select Species" in 2013
.
Several stories from the magazine have been printed again in anthologies showing excellent writing:
 The Year’s Best Science Fiction, edited by Gardner Dozois, "Flower, Mercy, Needle, Chain" by Yoon Ha Lee, "In-Fall" by Ted Kosmatka, and "Amaryllis" by Carrie Vaughn
 The Year’s Best Science Fiction and Fantasy edited by Rich Horton, "Arvies" by Adam-Troy Castro, "No Time Like the Present" by Carol Emshwiller, "Flower, Mercy, Needle, Chain" by Yoon Ha Lee, and "Standard Loneliness Package" by Charles Yu
 The Best Science Fiction and Fantasy of the Year edited by Jonathan Strahan, "The Zeppelin Conductors' Society Annual Gentlemen's Ball" by Genevieve Valentine
 Year’s Best SF 16, edited by David G. Hartwell and Kathryn Cramer, "How to Become a Mars Overlord" by Catherynne M. Valente, and "The Cassandra Project" by Jack McDevitt

References

Other websites
 

American monthly magazines
2010 establishments
The Paris Review is an English-language literary magazine. It started in Paris in 1953. It is published four times a year. by Harold L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton. In its first five years, The Paris Review published works by Jack Kerouac, Philip Larkin, V. S. Naipaul, Philip Roth, Terry Southern, Adrienne Rich, Italo Calvino, Samuel Beckett, Nadine Gordimer, Jean Genet, and Robert Bly.

References 

Magazines of Europe
An ansible is a kind of fictional device or technology. Ansibles can communicate faster than light. It can send and receive messages to and from a corresponding device over any distance or obstacle whatsoever with no delay, even between star systems. As a name for such a device, the word "ansible" first appeared in a 1966 novel Rocannon's World by Ursula K. Le Guin The word shortened from "answerable." It allowed users to receive answers to their messages quickly, even over interstellar distances.

In Le Guin's works 
 The Dispossessed, Le Guin's 1974 novel in the Hainish Cycle, tells about the invention of the ansible.
 In The Word for World Is Forest, Le Guin explains for two ansibles to communicate, at least one "must be on a large-mass body" but the other can be anywhere.
 In The Left Hand of Darkness, Le Guin wrote that the ansible does not use radio but is similar to gravity.
Other writers 
Many other writers have ansibles in their fiction. Examples include:
 Neal Asher, in his Polity series of novels including Gridlinked (2001), in which the runcible, named in homage to the ansible, is an interstellar wormhole generator/teleporter
 Becky Chambers, in the 2014 novel The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet
 L.A. Graf, in the 1996 Star Trek: Deep Space Nine novel Time's Enemy
 Jason Jones, in the 1995 computer game Marathon 2: Durandal
 Joe M. McDermott, in the 2017 novel The Fortress at the End of Time
 Elizabeth Moon, in the 1995 novel Winning Colors
 Remigiusz Mróz, in the 2014 space-opera The Chorus of Forgotten Voices (Chór zapomnianych głosów)
 Philip Pullman, in the 2000 novel The Amber Spyglass, part of the His Dark Materials trilogy.
 Kim Stanley Robinson, in the 2012 novel 2312
 Dan Simmons, in the 2003 novel Ilium
 Vernor Vinge, in the 1988 short story "The Blabber"

References 

Communication
Fiction
The University of California, Riverside (UCR or UC Riverside), is a public research university in Riverside, California.  It is part of the University of California system.

Notable people
Notable people

Faculty 
 Chris Albani: author, member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
 Reza Aslan: author, researcher, member of the Council on Foreign Relations
 John Baez: physicist, researcher focused on loop quantum gravity
 Barry Barrish: physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics laureate
 Mike Davis: historian, MacArthur Fellows Program recipient
 Steve Erickson: author
 Edwin Gaustad: historian, President of the American Society of Church History
 Gail Hanson: physicist, Panofsky Prize winner
 Nalo Hopkinson: author, World Fantasy Award recipient
 Laila Lalami: author, American Book Awards recipient
 Robert Nisbet: sociologist
 Robert Rosenthal: psychologist, Guggenheim Fellowship recipient
 Richard Schrock: chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate
 Jane Smiley: author, Pulitzer Prize recipient
 Harry Scott Smith: entomologist
 Susan Straight: author, Edgar Award recipient
 Karl Taube: archeologist, researchs pre-Columbian civilization

References

Other websites
Other websites

 
 UC Riverside Athletics website

Big West Conference
Riverside
Riverside, California
1950s establishments in California
1954 establishments in the United States
Nalo Hopkinson (born 20 December 1960) is a Jamaican-born Canadian speculative fiction writer and editor. She lives and teaches in Riverside, California. Her novels (Brown Girl in the Ring, Midnight Robber, The Salt Roads, The New Moon's Arms) and short stories such as those in her collection Skin Folk often use Caribbean history and language. Hopkinson's favorite writers include Samuel R. Delany, Tobias S. Buckell, and Charles Saunders.

Awards
Hopkinson won the 1999 John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer and the Ontario Arts Council Foundation Award for Emerging Writers.

Brown Girl in the Ring was nominated for the Philip K. Dick Award in 1998, and received the Locus Award for Best First Novel.

Skin Folk received the World Fantasy Award and the Sunburst Award for Canadian Literature of the Fantastic in 2003.

Writing

Novels
 Brown Girl in the Ring (1998)
 Midnight Robber (2000)
 The Salt Roads (2003)
 The New Moon's Arms (2007)
 The Chaos (2012) (Young adult fiction)
 Sister Mine (2013)
Collections and anthologies
  Whispers from the Cotton Tree Root: Caribbean Fabulist Fiction (2000, anthology)
 Skin Folk (2001) (short stories)
 Mojo: Conjure Stories (2003, anthology)
 So Long Been Dreaming (2004, anthology)
 Report From Planet Midnight (2012) (short stories, interview and speech)
 Falling in Love With Hominids (2015) (short stories)
Short fiction
 "Slow Cold Chick" in anthology Northern Frights 5 (1998)
 "A Habit of Waste" in anthology Women of Other Worlds: Excursions through Science Fiction and Feminism (1999)
 "Precious" in anthology Silver Birch, Blood Moon (1999)
 "The Glass Bottle Trick" in anthology Whispers From the Cotton Tree Root: Caribbean Fabulist Fiction (2000)
 "Greedy Choke Puppy" and  "Ganger (Ball Lightning)" in anthology Dark Matter: A Century of Speculative Fiction From the African Diaspora
 "Midnight Robber" (excerpt from novel) reprinted in Young Bloods: Stories from Exile 1972–2001 (2001)
 "Delicious Monster" in anthology Queer Fear II (2002)
 "Shift" in journal Conjunctions: the New Wave Fabulists.
 "Herbal" in The Bakkanthology
 "Whose Upward Flight I Love" reprinted in African Voices
 "The Smile on the Face" in anthology Girls Who Bite Back: Witches, Mutants, Slayers and Freaks (2004)

Comic Book Series 
 The Sandman Universe: House of Whispers (DC/Vertigo) (2018- )

References

Further reading

Other websites
Other websites

 
 

Bibliographies
 Bibliography  on Scifan.com
 Biography, bibliography, & appreciation by G. E. Rutledge

Interviews
 "Nalo Hopkinson: As Magic Does" excerpt from Locus interview (2013)
 "Nalo Hopkinson's science fiction and real-life family" by Mindy Farabee at the L.A. Times (2013)
 Interview on SFFWorld.com
 Interview on Locus
 "Nalo Hopkinson uses SF to probe the inner and outer worlds of alienation"  by David Soyka on SciFi.com (2001)
 A Conversation With Nalo Hopkinson on the SF Site
 Avni Sejpal, "Waving at Trains: An interview with Nalo Hopkinson", Boston Review, October 18, 2017

1960 births
Living people
Canadian LGBT writers
People from Kingston, Jamaica
Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, or SFWA ( or ) is a nonprofit 501(c)3 organization of professional science fiction and fantasy writers. SFWA is based in the United States but membership is worldwide. Damon Knight started the organization in 1965 with the name Science Fiction Writers of America, Inc. The president of SFWA as of 2019 is Mary Robinette Kowal.

SFWA has about 1,900 professionally published writer members worldwide.

SFWA Active members vote for the Nebula Awards. They are some of the most important English-language science fiction awards.

Board and administrative staff
SFWA Board members
SFWA's Board of Directors includes the current president, vice president, secretary, chief financial officer, and five directors-at-large.
Mary Robinette Kowal (president)
Erin M. Hartshorn (vice president)
Curtis C. Chen (secretary)
Nathan Lowell (chief financial officer)
Andy Duncan (director-at-large)
Jeffe Kennedy (director-at-large)
Kelly Robson (director-at-large)
Sarah Pinsker (director at large)
Tobias Buckell (director-at-large)

Administrative staff
Kate Baker (executive director)
Steven H Silver (event manager)
Derek Kunsken (volunteer coordinator)
Gay Haldeman (ombudsman)

Presidents
Presidents

Mary Robinette Kowal (2019–)
Cat Rambo (2015–2019)
Steven Gould (2013–2015)
John Scalzi (2010–2013)
Russell Davis (2008–2010)
Michael Capobianco (2007–2008)
Robin Wayne Bailey (2005–2007)
Catherine Asaro (2003–2005)
Sharon Lee (2002–2003)
Norman Spinrad (2001–2002)
Paul Levinson (1998–2001)
Robert J. Sawyer (1998)
Michael Capobianco (1996–1998)
Barbara Hambly (1994–1996)
Joe Haldeman (1992–1994)
Ben Bova (1990–1992)
Greg Bear (1988–1990)
Jane Yolen (1986–1988)
Charles Sheffield (1984–1986)
Marta Randall (1982–1984)
Norman Spinrad (1980–1982)
Jack Williamson (1978–1980)
Andrew J. Offutt (1976–1978)
Frederik Pohl (1974–1976)
Jerry Pournelle (1973–1974)
Poul Anderson (1972–1973)
James E. Gunn (1971–1972)
Gordon R. Dickson (1969–1971)
Alan E. Nourse (1968–1969)
Robert Silverberg (1967–1968)
Damon Knight (1965–1967)

References

Other websites
 
 SFWA Bulletin
 Nebula Awards Home Page

Science fiction
Fantasy
Non-profit organizations of the United States
Raoni Metuktire (born ), also known as Chief Raoni or Ropni, is a Brazilian leader and environmentalist. He is a chief of the Kayapo people, a Brazilian Indigenous group from the plain lands of the Mato Grosso and Pará in Brazil. He is internationally famous as a living symbol of the fight for the preservation of the Amazon rainforest and indigenous culture.

References

Other websites
Official website
Rainforest Foundation
Amazon Watch

1930 births
Living people
Brazilian environmentalists
Landsberg is a town in the Saalekreis in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

The town is between the cities of Halle, about  in the southwest, Leipzig, about  in the southeast, and Bitterfeld-Wolfen, about  in the north.The oldest known trace of early settlements in what is now Landsberg dates from the Neolithic.

References

Other websites
Official website 

Towns in Saxony-Anhalt
Bitterfeld-Wolfen is a town in the district Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is in south-eastern Saxony-Anhalt, west of the river Mulde. The average air temperature in Bitterfeld is  and the yearly rainfall .

More than 40,000 people live there.

References
Selkirk is a hamlet in the town of Bethlehem, Albany County, New York. It is located south of the city of Albany, and is a suburb of that city.

Other websites
Audubon International
CSXT Selkirk Yard Resources Directory 

Hamlets in New York (state)
Towns in New York (state)
Gaston Bussière (April 24, 1862 in Cuisery – October 29, 1928 or 1929 in Saulieu) was a French Symbolist painter and illustrator.

Biography 
Bussière studied at l'Académie des Beaux-Arts in Lyon before entering l'École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He studied under Alexandre Cabanel then under Pierre Puvis de Chavannes . In 1884, he won the Marie Bashkirtseff Prize. In 1885, he displayed his works at the Salon. 

He was close to Gustave Moreau. Bussière was inspired by the works of Hector Berlioz, William Shakespeare and Richard Wagner. He made the illustrations of the works of Honoré de Balzac, Théophile Gautier, Oscar Wilde and Gustave Flaubert. He also contributed to the magazine Le Monde moderne . 

He has been close to Joséphin Péladan for a short period of time, which allowed him to display his works at the Salon of the Rose-Cross between 1893 and 1895. 

The Museum of Ursulines in Macôn keeps a collection of his works.

Gallery

Connections
Connections 

 Inventory of paintings by Gaston Bussière on the French Ministry of Culture database Joconde
 A biography is available through the Burgundy museums Website

Notes and references 

French painters
Symbolism
People from Côte-d'Or
1928 deaths
1862 births
French illustrators
Demeke Mekonnen Hassen (; born 27 September 1963) is an Ethiopian politician and has served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Ethiopia, since 2012. Demeke has assumed the position of the Acting Prime Minister of Ethiopia on 23 November 2021, following Abiy Ahmed's decision to engage in the ongoing Tigray War at the frontlines.

References 

1963 births
Ethiopian politicians
Living people
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is a 2002 fantasy movie directed by Chris Columbus. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 1998 novel of the same name. The movie stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger.

It was the last movie to have Richard Harris as Professor Albus Dumbledore, because of his death that same year.

Chamber of Secrets was released in theatres in the United Kingdom and the United States on 15 November 2002. It was nominated for many awards, including the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design, Best Sound, and Best Special Visual Effects.

Plot 
Spending the summer with his abusive aunt, uncle and cousin, Harry meets an elf named Dobby. Elves are slaves of magical families. Dobby tells Harry not to return to Hogwarts school. The Dursleys lock Harry in his room so that he cannot escape. Harry is rescued by his friend Ron Weasley and his olde twin brothers, Fred and George.
While buying school supplies in a street named Diagon Alley, Harry sees the school bully, Draco Malfoy. Draco's father, Lucius, gives Ron's sister, Ginny, a black book. Dobby prevents Harry and Ron from getting to the Hogwarts train so they use a flying car to get to the school.

At school, Harry begins to hear voices in the walls. Mysterious writing appears on the walls saying "the Chamber of Secrets has been opened". The Chamber of Secrets is a mysterious part of the school built by Salazar Slytherin, one of the four founders of Hogwarts. The school staff learn that Ron's younger sister, Ginny, has been taken into the Chamber. Harry finds a magic black diary written by a former student named Tom Riddle.
Harry goes into the Chamber of Secrets and finds Ginny, who has been captured by the ghost of Tom Riddle, who is the younger version of Lord Voldemort. It turns out that the book Draco's father gave to Ginny was the diary of Tom Riddle and she was the one who accidentally opened the Chamber. Tom Riddle tries to kill Harry with a gigantic snake called the Basilisk. Harry kills the snake with a sword and destroys the diary, which causes the ghost of Tom Riddle to disappear.

Harry gives the book back to Lucius Malfoy and finds out that Dobby is the Malfoy family's slave. Harry tricks Lucius into freeing Dobby from his service.

Other websites
 
 

2002 fantasy movies
Harry Potter 2
Movies based on books
Movies about snakes
Harry Potter 2
Movies composed by John Williams
Northfield is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is about  north of downtown Chicago. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 5,751.

The headquarters of Kraft Foods used to be in Northfield.

References 

Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Arenzville is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Grens is a municipality in the district Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. Grens politics include the Green Party.

References

Other websites

Municipalities in Nyon
Cisco is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Bement is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Ivesdale is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Seán McLoughlin (born 7 February 1990), better known as Jacksepticeye, is an Irish YouTuber. He is best known for his vlogs and comedic Let's Play series. He is the most-subscribed Irish channel. He is also known for his charity streams in which he raises money for good causes. Business Insider has called McLoughlin "one of YouTube's most [well known] philanthropists".

In October 2018, McLoughlin posted a video announcing Cloak, a clothing brand aimed at gamers which he created with Markiplier. In June 2020, Cloak welcomed the Twitch streamer Pokimane as a third partner and creative director for the brand. 

In 2020, he created his own coffee company, named Top of The Mornin' Coffee.

As well as YouTubers, McLoughlin's channel has had celebrities, including interviews with Jack Black, Karen Gillan, Tom Holland, Dwayne Johnson, Kevin Hart, Brad Pitt, Chris Hemsworth, Ryan Reynolds, and Margot Robbie.
Each of his videos begins with an intro in which he gives a high five to the camera and says "Top of the morning to ya, laddies".

References

1990 births
Living people
Irish philanthropists
Irish entertainers
Twitch (service) streamers
YouTubers
Jackie Keith Whitley  (July 1, 1954 – May 9, 1989) was an American country music singer. During his career, Whitley only recorded two albums but charted 12 singles on the Billboard country charts, and 7 more after his death.

References 

1954 births
1989 deaths
American country singers
Drug-related deaths in the United States
Singers from Kentucky
Thomas Carney (August 20, 1824 – July 28, 1888) was the second Governor of Kansas.

Biography
Carney was born in Delaware County, Ohio. His parents were James and Jane (Ostrander) Carney. James died in 1828, making his wife a widow, and it left four young sons without a father. Thomas stayed at home, farming with his mother, until he turned 19 years old.  He studied in Berkshire, Ohio. He lived there with an uncle. He worked in mercantile businesses. He created a successful wholesale business in Leavenworth, Kansas.  He was elected to the Kansas Legislature in 1861. He married Rebecca Ann Cannady on November 13, 1861.
Career
After he was State Representative, Carney was elected Governor of Kansas. He was governor from 1863 through 1865.  While he was governor, he focused on developing the state and solving the problems caused by the Civil War.  He was elected Mayor of Leavenworth in 1865. He created the First National Bank of Leavenworth. He was also director of the Lawrence and Fort Gibson Railroad Company.  He continued in business until 1875.

Death
Carney died on July 28, 1888 in Leavenworth, Kansas. He died of apoplexy. He is buried in Leavenworth in Mount Muncie Cemetery.

References

Kansas Republicans
1888 deaths
1821 births
Governors of Kansas
19th-century American politicians
People from Leavenworth, Kansas
Politicians from Ohio
Cutler is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
Danvers is a village in Illinois in the United States.

Villages in Illinois
"Stacy's Mom" is a pop rock song by the American rock band Fountains of Wayne. It was on their third studio album, Welcome Interstate Managers. "Stacy's Mom" was released on the radio on May 20, 2003. The song was released as the main single from Welcome Interstate Managers on September 29, 2003. The album was released through S-Curve Records and Virgin Records. "Stacy's Mom" was written by bassist Adam Schlesinger and vocalist Chris Collingwood. Both of them created the song alongside Mike Denneen. The song was inspired by Schlesinger's friend when he was young, who had a crush on his grandmother.

Background
"Stacy's Mom" was written by Chris Collingwood and Adam Schlesinger. It is a power pop song. it is a single told from the perspective of a young boy who has to tell his friend Stacy that he's actually attracted to her mother instead of her.
Chart performance
"Stacy's Mom" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 the week of October 11, 2003, at number 59. It was their first song to appear on that chart. It peaked at number 21 the week of November 21, 2003. It stayed there for two weeks. It stayed on the chart for seventeen weeks.

Formats and track listing
Europe 7"
 A. "Stacy's Mom" – 3:17
 B. "Trains and Boats and Planes" – 3:02

UK CD (Enhanced)
 1. "Stacy's Mom" – 3:16
 2. "Elevator Up" – 4:02
 3. "Trains and Boats and Planes" – 3:02
 4. "Stacy's Mom" (Video) – 3:16

US CD (Promo)
 1. "Stacy's Mom" – 3:18

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

Other websites
 

2003 songs
"Still Swingin" is a song by the American rock band Papa Roach. It was released as the first single from their album "The Connection". It was released on June 24, 2012. The single was well liked by the fans for having the rap-style vocals of the band's early songs.

Chart performance

References

2012 songs
The series changed as time went on. The writers wanted to make the show like real life. To do this, they learned about how governments of cities really worked. They also talked about current political issues in episodes of the show. For example, one episode has the government of Pawnee shut down. This means that there is not enough money for the government to work correctly, so it stops doing everything that is not very important. The writers put this in the show because of a real government shutdown. The real shutdown happened because of a financial crisis in 2007-2008, and this was the same time that the episode was being written. Sometimes, real politicians also acted on the show. Joe Biden, John McCain, and Michelle Obama were some of the politicians who did this. The characters in the show also changed. Some people watched the first season and thought that Leslie Knope was too ditzy—that is, unintelligent and unable to do her job correctly. So the writers changed the way they showed Leslie
. They wanted viewers to know she really was smart. During the show, many of the characters have changing romantic relationships and get different jobs. They changed just like people change in real life.
The first season only had six episodes. It got mixed reviews. People thought some things about it were good, and some things about it were bad. Many people thought it was too much like The Office. Like Parks and Recreation, The Office was another sitcom that Daniels created. But after the first season, it got positive reviews. Many people thought it was good, and it won many awards. It was nominated for an Emmy Award 14 times. It was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series—Musical or Comedy. It won a Golden Globe Award for the good job Poehler 
did playing Leslie Knope.
Characters
Leslie Knope, played by Amy Poehler, is Pro-Government and seems Centre-left in politics, is the main character and the heart of the show who dreams of becoming president.
Ron Swanson, played by Nick Offerman, is an Anti-Government Libertarian, who is a bit lazy and strange at times but also has a big heart and is at times very friendly on the show.
April Ludgate, played by Aubrey Plaza, is a negative and dark character on the show who rarely loves anything, but she is at times hard working and friendly, but wants to be lazy and rude.
Ann Perkins, played by Rashida Jones, is the best friend of Leslie Knope and works on and off for the parks department. She is a regular, normal, and friendly person, besides choosing bad boyfriends at times.
Andy Dwyer, played by Chris Pratt, is ridiculous and is dumb at times. He is married to April, and has a reputation for making bad choices.
Ben Wyatt, played by Adam Scott, is the spouse of Leslie and is a coworker in Pawnee's Parks and Recreation Department. Wyatt is friendly and smart, but can be a little negative at times.
Tom Haverford, played by Aziz Ansari, is an annoying but funny on-and-of coworker, who chooses the wrong choices at times and might care a little too much on the attractiveness of women.
Mark Brendanawicz, played by Paul Schneider, is at times ill-mannered and at times affectionate, and left the show after the second season.
Jerry Gergich, played by Jim O'Heir, is clumsy and at times embarrassing, but also smart and is a good painter. He is laughed at and mildly hated by his coworkers, even though he might be the nicest person there.
Chris Traeger, played by Rob Lowe, is an always-positive, healthy (part of his health consciousness), and known for how many times he says literally.
Craig Middlebrooks, played by Billy Eichner, is the character who came in in the 6th season, from Eagleton, to Pawnee, to work for the parks department. He is a sommelier.
Donna Meagle, played by Retta, is related to Ginuwine and a smart character from the parks department who is in almost every episode.
Related pages
The Good Place

English-language television programs