Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Peter Jonathan Hitchens (born 28 October 1951) is an English journalist and author. Hitchens writes for The Mail on Sunday. He has wrtitten for The Spectator, The American Conservative, The Guardian, First Things, Prospect, and the New Statesman. 

He dislikes the modern UK Conservative Party and has been against many of their policies, such as their handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hitchens has written many books, including The Abolition of Britain, The Rage Against God, and The War We Never Fought.
Wabash Avenue is a 1950 American musical movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Betty Grable, Victor Mature, Phil Harris, Reginald Gardiner, James Barton, Barry Kelley, Margaret Hamilton, Jacqueline Dalya, Robin Raymond, Hal K. Dawson, Dorothy Neumann, Alexander Pope, Henry Kulky, Marie Bryant, Collette Lyons, George Beranger. It was distributed by	20th Century Fox and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1951. It was a remake of the 1943 movie Coney Island.

Other websites 
 
 
 

1950 musical movies
American musical movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Henry Koster
Tiffany Blue is a light robin egg blue color associated with Tiffany & Co., the New York City jewelry company created by Charles Tiffany and John Young in 1837.

Color codes
In hex:#81D8D0
HSV:(174°, 40%, 85%)
RGB:(129, 216, 208)
Japanese violet is a medium dark tone of Violet (color)

Color codes
In hex:#5b3256
In rgb, Japanese violet is made of of 35.69% red, 19.61% green and 33.73% blue.

Related articles
Magenta
Purple
Port-Saint-Père is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Pouillé-les-Côteaux is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Le Pouliguen is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Préfailles is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Prinquiau is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Puceul is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Quilly is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
La Regrippière is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
La Remaudière is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Challand-Saint-Anselme is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Challand-Saint-Victor is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Chambave is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
The Star is a computer animated movie made by Sony Pictures Animation. It stars the voices of Steven Yeun, Gina Rodriguez, Zachary Levi, Keegan-Michael Key, Kelly Clarkson, Patricia Heaton, Kristin Chenoweth, Tracy Morgan, Tyler Perry, and Oprah Winfrey.

References

Other websites 
 
  at Sony Pictures Animation
 

2017 animated movies
2017 comedy movies
American animated movies
American comedy movies
Christmas movies
Chamois is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Champdepraz is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Champorcher is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai is a 1999 American French German Japanese crime movie directed by Jim Jarmusch and starring Forest Whitaker, Henry Silva, Cliff Gorman, Tricia Vessey, Richard Portnow, Camille Winbush, Chris Simmons, RZA, Isaach de Bankolé.

Other websites
 
 

1999 crime movies
American crime movies
French crime movies
German crime movies
Japanese crime movies
Movies directed by Jim Jarmusch
Charvensod is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Bourg, Breil-de-Barrel (or Petit-Breil), Gros Breil, Grand Frayan, Petit Frayan, Barma des Antesans, Setoret, Cret de Breil, Baron Gamba, Grange de Barme, Chaméran, Fours, Ventoux, Garin, Pavirola, Sez de Val, La Fournaise, Champlong, Conoz Dessus, Conoz Dessous, La Verdettaz, Murate, Isseuries, Perrianaz, Brusoncles des Gard (or Dessus), Brusoncles des Janin (or Dessous), Chardin, Bren, Boësse, Devies, Promiod, Boettes, Francou, Champlong, Arsine, Sopien, Brenvey, Champ, Chancellier, Chancellier Dessous, Chancellier Dessus, Revard, Pracarrà, Bioure, Salère, La Nouva, Giacomet, Varé, Chenez, Devies, Pointé, Étavé, Chesalet, Toniquet, Assert, Fontanella, Fressoney, Nissod, Travod, Nuarsa, Soletta, Domianaz, Closel Dessous, Closel Dessus, La Tour, Lo Cret, Verlex, Albard, Pissin Dessous, Pissin Dessus, La Sounere, Barmusse, Cretadonaz, Cret Blanc Dessous, Cret Blanc Dessus, Chavod, Merlin, Tour de Grange, Sarmasse, Barmafol, Plantin, Perolles, Soleil, Bretton, Saint-Valentin, Sellotaz, Govergnou, Cillod
, Govergnou, Cillod, Panorama, Remela, Neran, Larianaz, Gléréyaz, La Marca, Grand Prà, Crétaz, Cloîtres, Plan Pissin, Tornafol, Bertina, Gare, Saint-Clair, Piou, Cérouic, Étrop, Étrop Dessus, Pranego, Crétaz Chardon, Pragarin Dessous, Pragarin Dessus, Salé, Salé Dessus, Les Îles, Moriola, Taxard, Ussel, Château d'Ussel, Biolasse Dessous, Biolasse Dessus, Perry, Bellecombe, Mon Ross Dessus, Toule
Cogne is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Crodo is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

References 

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Brioude is a commune. It is in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.

Communes in Haute-Loire
Subprefectures in France
Avenal is a city in Kings County, California.

Cities in California
Settlements in Kings County, California
Baldwin is a town in Florida in the United States.

Towns in Florida
La Habra Heights is a city in Los Angeles County, California.

Cities in California
Settlements in Los Angeles County, California
Hawaiian Gardens is a city in Los Angeles County, California.

Cities in California
Settlements in Los Angeles County, California
Life 
Maria Elisabeth of Austria was born February 5, 1737 in Vienna, which was the main residence of the Holy Roman Emperor's. Her parents were Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, and Duke Francis of Lorraine, she was the grand-daughter of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, and Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel on her mothers side, and the grand-daughter of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, on her fathers side. At first Maria Elisabeth was a disappointment to her parents, as she had not been a son, but she quickly became the favorite from her cheerful personality. But Maria Elisabeth's life was short-lived, when she was 3 years old, she fell ill with stomach cramps and vomiting. On June 7, 1740, she died in her fathers arms, her parents wen't on to have 15 more children, her last words were according to her father "I commend myself, O my God!" Elisabeth was buried in the Imperial Crypt, were a lot of Archduchess's were buried.
Archdukes and Archduchesses of Austria
1737 births
1740s deaths
Across the Wide Missouri is a 1951 American western movie directed by William A. Wellman and was based on the 1947 novel of the same name by Bernard DeVoto. It stars Clark Gable, Ricardo Montalbán, John Hodiak, Adolphe Menjou, J. Carrol Naish, Alan Napier, George Chandler, Richard Anderson, James Whitmore, Howard Keel and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Other websites
 
 
 

1951 movies
1950s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
MGM movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by William A. Wellman
Movies set in Colorado
Movies set in Idaho
Movies set in Montana
Movies set in the 1820s
Movies set in the 1830s
Hurricane Lorenzo was a strong Category 5 Atlantic hurricane. It affected the Azores in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. The storm also affected the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Lorenzo killed more than twenty people.

The hurricane caused $367 million in damage.

Lorenzo
Lorenzo
The 2020–21 Real Madrid season is the club's 117th season. The season covers the period from 8 August 2020 to 30 June 2021.

Players

Transfers

In

Out

Pre-season and friendlies

Competitions

Overview

La Liga

League table

Results summary

Results by round

Matches
The league fixtures were announced on 31 August 2020.

Copa del Rey

Supercopa de España 
The draw was held on 17 December 2020.

UEFA Champions League

Group stage 
The group stage draw was held on 1 October 2020.

Knockout phase 
The draw for the Round of 16 was held on 14 December 2020.

Round of 16

Quarter-finals 
The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 19 March 2021.

Semi-finals

Statistics

Squad statistics

 ‡ Player left the club mid-season

Goals

Clean sheets

Disciplinary record

Notes

References

Other websites 
 

La Liga
2020s in Madrid
2020-21 association football seasons
2021 in Spain
"The Italian Bob" is the 8th episode of The Simpsons 17th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on December 11, 2005. The episode was written by John Frink. Mark Kirkland is the director of the episode. The episode is about the Simpson family going to Italy. They learn that Sideshow Bob is the mayor of a town in Italy.

Kelsey Grammer guest stars as Sideshow Bob. Maria Grazia Cucinotta guest stars as Bob's wife, Francesca Terwilliger. About 10.39 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast Grammer was given an Emmy Award in 2006 for being the voice actor of Sideshow Bob in the episode. John Frink got a Writers Guild of America Award for writing the episode.

References

Other websites 

The Simpsons (season 17) episodes
2005 television episodes
is an action video game release in 2017 on PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita. Developed by Tamsoft, published in Japan by Bergsala Lightweight, North America by Aksys Games, and Rising Star Games for European released.

2017 video games
PlayStation Vita games
PlayStation 4 games
Video games developed in Japan
A Doctor's Diary is a 1937 American drama movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring George Bancroft, Helen Burgess, Ronald Sinclair, Molly Lamont, Sidney Blackmer, Charles Waldron, Frank Puglia, Milburn Stone, Sue Carol. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.

Other websites
 

1937 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
Movies directed by Charles Vidor
The Desperadoes is a 1943 American western movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring Randolph Scott, Glenn Ford, Claire Trevor, Evelyn Keyes, Edgar Buchanan, Raymond Walburn. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1943 movies
1940s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Movies directed by Charles Vidor
Gintama Rumble or  is an samurai melee action video game, based on anime series of Gintama. Released on PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita in 2018.

2018 video games
Action video games
Japan exclusive video games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Vita games
Video games developed in Japan
Bisceglie is an Italian city on the Adriatic Sea. Bisceglie is in the Apulia Region. It has about 55,000 people.

Cities in Barletta-Andria-Trani
Canosa di Puglia is a town and comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy. It has about 29,000 people.

Towns in Apulia
Settlements in Barletta-Andria-Trani
Notorious is a 1946 American romantic thriller movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Cary Grant, Ingrid Bergman, Claude Rains, Leopoldine Konstantin, Louis Calhern, Moroni Olsen, Wally Brown. It was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1947.

Other websites
 
 
 

1946 romance movies
1940s thriller movies
American romantic thriller movies
Movies directed by Alfred Hitchcock
Courmayeur is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Donnas is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Doues is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Émarèse is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Margherita di Savoia is a comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy.

References 

Settlements in Barletta-Andria-Trani
Crimes and Misdemeanors is a 1989 American comedy drama movie directed by Woody Allen (who also stars) and also starring Martin Landau, Alan Alda, Mia Farrow, Anjelica Huston, Jerry Orbach, Caroline Aaron, Sam Waterston, Joanna Gleason, Claire Bloom. It was distributed by Orion Pictures and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1990.

Other websites
 
 

1989 comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
Movies directed by Woody Allen
Minervino Murge is a comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy.

References 

Settlements in Barletta-Andria-Trani
San Ferdinando di Puglia is a comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy.

References 

Settlements in Barletta-Andria-Trani
Spinazzola is a comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy.

References 

Settlements in Barletta-Andria-Trani
Trinitapoli is a comune in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in Apulia, Italy.

References 

Settlements in Barletta-Andria-Trani
The color mulberry is a representation of the color of mulberry jam or pie.

The first use of mulberry as a color name in English was in 1776.

Color codes
In hex:#C54B8C
HSV:(328°, 62%, 77%)
rgb:(197, 75, 140)
Camporeale is a town and comune in the Province of Palermo in Sicily, Italy.

Settlements in Palermo
Antrona Schieranco is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
The Yellow Peril: Dr Fu Manchu & The Rise of Chinaphobia is a 2014 non-fiction book by the British educator and writer,   Christopher Frayling.

The book examines West’s attitude towards Chinese people over several hundred years. It uses examples such as the popularity of Sax Rohmer's series of Fu Manchu novels, and the films based on them. 

A review of the book in The Guardian notes in a sub-heading how "scaremongering clichés about the Chinese have prevailed from Dickens to the present day".

References 

Political books

2014 books
British literature
Étroubles is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Fontainemore is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Fénis is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Bisacquino is a town and comune in the Province of Palermo in Sicily, Italy, with about 5,220 inhabitants. It has an area of 64 km², with a population density of 82 inhabitants/km².

Settlements in Palermo
Gaby is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Gignod is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
San Giuseppe Jato is a comune in the Province of Palermo in Sicily, Italy. It has an area of 29 km², with a population density of 288 inhabitants/km².

Settlements in Palermo
Gressan is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.

References
Thumbing one's nose, also known as cocking a snook, is a sign of mockery or contempt, made by putting the thumb on the nose, holding the palm open and perpendicular to the face, wiggling  the remaining fingers.

Related pages
 Non-verbal communication

References

Human behavior
Non-verbal communication
Remouillé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Rezé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Riaillé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
La Roche-Blanche is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Rouans is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Gavignano is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome in Lazio, Italy.

Settlements in the Metropolitan City of Rome
The ship of Theseus is a question about if you can consider that an object is the same one when you replace parts of it. It is a paradox.

For example, if you have an axe and you replace its handle, it is still the same axe? And if you replace the blade? And if you made another axe with the old handle and blade, the "real" axe is the one that has the replaced elements or the one that has the old ones?

Different people answer this question in different ways.

The name comes from a legend about ancient hero Theseus.

References

Logical paradoxes
Rivoli is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Comunes of Turin
Anzola d'Ossola is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Arizzano is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Arola is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Crevoladossola is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Moncalieri is an Italian city in Piedmont. It has about 57,000 people.

Cities in Turin
Aurano is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
"The Mother We Share" is a 2012 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the first single from their first studio album The Bones of What You Believe which was released in 2013.

References

2012 songs
Chvrches songs
The Goias tree frog (Dendropsophus anataliasiasi) is a frog that lives in Brazil.

References

Frogs of South America
"Gun" is a 2013 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the third single from their first studio album The Bones of What You Believe which was released in 2013.

References

2013 songs
Chvrches songs
Baveno is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Bee is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
"Leave a Trace" is a 2015 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the first single from their second studio album Every Open Eye which was released in 2015.

References

2015 songs
Chvrches songs
Rougé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
"Clearest Blue" is a 2015 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the second single from their second studio album Every Open Eye which was released in 2015.

References

2015 songs
Chvrches songs
"Empty Threat" is a 2015 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the fourth single from their second studio album Every Open Eye which was released in 2015.

References

2015 songs
Chvrches songs
"Warning Call" is a 2016 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It featured on the extended version of their second studio album ''Every Open Eye which was released in 2015.

References

2016 songs
Chvrches songs
"Bury It" is a 2015 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. In 2016 Chvrches made a remix with Paramore frontwoman Hayley Williams. The remixed version was the fifth and final single from their second studio album Every Open Eye which was released in 2015.

References

2015 songs
Chvrches songs
Elham (; ) is a unisex name which means "inspiration".  Related names include Ilham in Arabic and  İlham  or İlhami in Turkish. Ellie is used as a shortened form of Elham. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

People 
 Elham Shaheen (born 1961), Egyptian actor
 elham T. a grand daughter of Hossein Movaghar
 Elham Nami, Iranian actress
 Elham Jdi, Iranian actress
 Elham Hamidi, Iranian actress

Related pages 
 Ilham

References
"Get Out" is a 2018 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the first single from their third studio album Love Is Dead which was released in 2018.

References

2018 songs
Chvrches songs
Ilham is both a given name and a surname. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

People 
Given name:

 Ilham Aliyev (born 1961), President of Azerbaijan since 2003
 Ilham al-Madfai (born c. 1942), Iraqi guitarist, singer and composer
 Ilham Chahine (born 1961), Egyptian actress
 Ilham Ghali of Kazan (c. 1449 – c. 1490), khan of Kazan Khanate
 Ilham Hussain (born 1955), wife of Dr. Mohammed Waheed Hassan

Surname:

 Muhammad Ilham (born 1981), Indonesian footballer

Related pages 
 Ilham & Wahi, a form of revelation in Islam

References

Given names
Surnames
Ruffigné is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

References 

Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Portici is an Italian city in Campania. It has about 53,000 people.

It is the site of the Portici Royal Palace.

Cities in the Metropolitan City of Naples
"My Enemy" is a 2018 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches and Matt Berninger. It is the second single from their third studio album Love Is Dead which was released in 2018.

References

2018 songs
Chvrches songs
Calasca-Castiglione is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Borgomezzavalle is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont. It was created on 1 January 2016 from the former municipalities of Seppiana and Viganella.

2010s establishments in Italy
2016 establishments in Europe
Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Cesara is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Intragna is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Villette is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Belgirate is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.

Settlements in Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Khodadad (Persian : خداداد‎) may refer to:

 Khodadad, Hormozgan, a village in Iran
 Khodadad, Kerman, a village in Iran
Liver is a food which humans can eat. It is offal, which means it is not muscle tissue. The flavor might be strong for some people, so it might be slightly over-seasoned.Do not consume too much liver or your feet will start to peel and rot. They will look like you roller bladed without socks for weeks. There is a high probability you might lose your foot and have to enter the war amps program. 

The liver stores vitamin A and other things. Vitamin A is used by the body to make rhodopsin, a molecule which absorbs light. It is needed for low-level vision and colour vision. Vitamin A also plays a key role in gene transcription. It also plays a key role in the immune system.
Once made, vitamin A cannot be broken down by the body, and it is not easily excreted. So it tends to build up in the liver if too much is eaten. Vitamin A is fat-soluble, so getting rid of any excess taken in through diet takes much longer than with water-soluble B vitamins and vitamin C. This allows for toxic levels of vitamin A to build up.

It is not good to eat cooked liver too often. Eating lots of liver, especially from carnivorous animals, will give a person too much vitamin A.

References 

Offal
"Never Say Die" is a 2018 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the third single from their third studio album Love Is Dead which was released in 2018.

References

2018 songs
Chvrches songs
"Miracle" is a 2018 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the fourth single from their third studio album Love Is Dead which was released in 2018.

References

2018 songs
Chvrches songs
"Here with Me" is a 2019 song by American producer Marshmello, featuring Scottish band Chvrches.

References

2019 songs
Chvrches songs
Marshmello songs
The Secret of My Success (sometimes stylized as The Secret of My Succe$s) is a 1987 American comedy movie directed by Herbert Ross and starring Michael J. Fox, Helen Slater, Richard Jordan, Margaret Whitton, John Pankow, Fred Gwynne, Gerry Bamman, Drew Snyder, Mercedes Ruehl, Cindy Crawford. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.

Other websites
 
 

1987 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Universal Pictures movies
Movies directed by Herbert Ross
The Drentse Patrijshond also Drentsche Patrijshond (in Dutch) is a medium sized spaniel-type gun dog from the Netherlands province of Drenthe. Sometimes they are called the "Dutch Partridge Dog" or "Drent" in English.

History
These hunting dogs were developed in the Netherlands around the 17th century and they are closely related to the French Spaniel and the German Small Münsterländer hunting dogs.

Colours
These dogs will always be mostly white with a lot of brown markings, their ears and a lot of the head will always be brown.

Temperment
These dogs are usually gentle and happy and good with children and other dogs.  They need lots of exercise like many of the other spaniels.

References

Spaniels
Dog breeds originating in the Netherlands
Rare dog breeds
Blackmail is a 1929 British thriller movie directed by Alfred Hitchcock in his first sound movie and was based on the 1928 play of the same name by Charles Bennett. It stars Anny Ondra, Sara Allgood, Charles Paton, John Longden, Donald Calthrop, Cyril Ritchard.

Other websites
 
 

1929 movies
1920s thriller movies
British thriller movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Alfred Hitchcock
How to Steal 2 Million is a 2011 South African action drama movie directed by Charlie Vundla and starring Menzi Ngubane, John Kani, Hlubi Mboya, Terry Pheto, Rapulana Seiphemo.

Other websites
 
 
 

2011 drama movies
2011 action movies
South African movies
Movies set in South Africa
Three Loves in Rio (, ) is a 1959 Brazilian Argentine drama movie directed by Carlos Hugo Christensen and starring Agildo Ribeiro, Fábio Cardoso, Domingo Alzugaray, Jardel Filho, Susana Freyre.

Other websites
 

1959 drama movies
Brazilian movies
Argentine drama movies
Movies directed by Carlos Hugo Christensen
"Mlungu dalitsani Malaŵi" (; "O God bless our land of Malawi") is the national anthem of Malawi. It was composed by Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka, who also wrote the words. It was adopted in 1964 as a result of a competition.

Lyrics

References

1964 works
National symbols of Malawi
African anthems
In ecology, edge effects are changes in population or community structures that occur at the border of two or more places of living. As the edge effects get bigger, there is greater biodiversity in the habitat at the border.

Types 
 Permanent – the border location doesn't change with natural features.
 Gotten – some natural disasters (e.g., fire or flood) or human activities, subject borders to straight changes over time.
 Narrow – one habitat ends and another begins immidiately (e.g., an agricultural field).
 Wide (ecotone) – a large distance separates the borders of two clearly defined habitats based on their physical conditions, and in between there exists a large transition region.
 Complex – the border is chaotic.
 Holes – the border has gaps where other habitats exist.

Height can create borders between patches as well.
Biodiversity 
Some plants and animals can be active on habitat borders because of environmental conditions. Larger patches allow more individuals and biodiversity becomes bigger. When the plants get more light, there are more types and different sizes. After it is possible to live for herbivorous insects, then birds some bigger animals.  

There are three important factors:   
 Abiotic effect (changes in the environment);   
 Direct biological effects (the diversity of species reduces because of physical conditions near the edge);
Indirect biological effects (changes in species interactions).

Human effects 
Human activity creates edges through development and agriculture. Often, the changes are harmful to the size of the habitat and to species. Examples of human impacts:

 Using of invasives/exotics;
 A number of fires;
 Pets acting as predators;
 Pollutions;
 Loss of foraging habitats;
 Habitat fragmentation.

References

Related pages 
Rock pool

Ecology
Only Angels Have Wings is a 1939 American romantic adventure drama movie directed by Howard Hawks and starring Cary Grant, Jean Arthur, Richard Barthelmess, Rita Hayworth, Allyn Joslyn, Sig Ruman, Victor Kilian, Noah Beery Jr.. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Awards in 1940.

Other websites
 
 
 

1939 drama movies
1939 romance movies
1930s American adventure movies
1930s American drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies directed by Howard Hawks
is a Japanese football player. He plays for the Japan national team.

Biography
Sakai was born in Nagano Prefecture on April 12, 1990. He joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol from their youth team in 2009. He did not play in the match and Kashiwa was relegated to J2 League end of the 2009 season. He debuted in 2010 and Kashiwa won the champions in 2010 J2 League. In 2011, he became a regular player as right side back and won the champions in J1 League. In July 2012, he moved to German Bundesliga club Hannover. He played 92 matches for the club in 4 seasons. However Hannover was relegated to 2. Bundesliga end of the 2015/16 season. In 2016, he moved to French Ligue 1 club Olympique Marseille.
On May 23, 2012, Sakai debuted for the Japan national team against Azerbaijan. He battles with Atsuto Uchida for right side back. In July 2012, he was selected the Japan U-23 national team for 2012 Summer Olympics. He played 4 matches and Japan won the 4th place. In 2014, he also participated 2014 World Cup, but he did not play in the match. From 2016, he played many matches instead Uchida who injured. In 2018, Sakai participated 2018 World Cup. He played all 4 matches and Japan qualified to the knockout stage. In 2019, he also played at 2019 Asian Cup and Japan won the 2nd place.

Statistics

|-
|2009||rowspan="4"|Kashiwa Reysol||J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2010||J2 League||9||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||12||1
|-
|2011||rowspan="2"|J1 League||27||0||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|-
|2012||15||1||0||0||0||0||7||2||22||3
|-
|2012/13||rowspan="4"|Hannover||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||13||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0||17||0
|-
|2013/14||26||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||1
|-
|2014/15||27||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|2015/16||26||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||1

|-
|2016/17||rowspan="5"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="5"|Ligue 1||35||0||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||40||0
|-
|2017/18||33||1||2||0||1||0||14||1||50||2
|-
|2018/19||27||0||0||0||1||0||4||0||32||0
|-
|2019/20||21||0||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||25||0
|-
|2020/21||||||||||||||||||||
51||2||5||0||2||0||7||2||65||4
92||2||7||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0||102||2
116||1||8||0||5||0||18||1||147||2
259||5||20||0||7||0||28||3||314||8
|}

|-
|2012||7||0
|-
|2013||7||0
|-
|2014||5||0
|-
|2015||6||0
|-
|2016||7||0
|-
|2017||9||0
|-
|2018||8||1
|-
|2019||12||0
|-
|2020||3||0
|-
!Total||64||1
|}

References

Other websites
Other websites

1990 births
Living people
Footballers from Nagano Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Kashiwa Reysol players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Ball of Fire is a 1941 American romantic comedy movie directed by Howard Hawks and was based on the short story From A to Z. It stars Gary Cooper, Barbara Stanwyck, Dana Andrews, Henry Travers, Tully Marshall, Aubrey Mather, Allen Jenkins, Kathleen Howard, Mary Field and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 4 Academy Awards in 1942 and was remade as A Song Is Born by 1948 with Howard Hawks returning as director.

Other websites
 
 
 

1941 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies based on short stories
Movies directed by Howard Hawks
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Takahashi was born in Isesaki on October 17, 1987. After graduating from Tokyo Gakugei University, he joined J1 League club FC Tokyo in 2010. Although he debuted in first season, Tokyo was relegated to J2 League end of the 2010 season. In 2011, he became a regular player as defensive midfielder and Tokyo was returned to J1 in a year. Tokyo also won the champions in the 2011 Emperor's Cup. He played 180 matches for the club in 7 seasons. In 2017, he move to Vissel Kobe. In 2018, he moved to Sagan Tosu and played in 3 seasons. In 2021, he moved to Yokohama FC.

On May 23, 2012, Takahashi debuted for the Japan national team against Azerbaijan. In 2013, he participated 2013 Confederations Cup, but he did not play in the match. He played 7 games for Japan until 2013.

Statistics
Statistics

|-
|2010||rowspan="7"|FC Tokyo||J1 League||3||0||1||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2011||J2 League||32||4||6||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||38||5
|-
|2012||rowspan="5"|J1 League||33||1||0||0||2||0||6||1||41||2
|-
|2013||32||2||4||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||40||2
|-
|2014||32||3||3||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||40||3
|-
|2015||29||4||2||0||8||0||colspan="2"|-||39||4
|-
|2016||19||0||2||0||4||1||4||0||29||1
|-
|2016||FC Tokyo U-23||J1 League||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2017||Vissel Kobe||J1 League||22||1||3||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||31||1
|-
|2018||rowspan="3"|Sagan Tosu||rowspan="3"|J1 League||33||3||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||38||3
|-
|2019||32||1||3||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||39||1
|-
|2020||13||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2021||Yokohama FC||J1 League||||||||||||||||||||
282||19||27||1||39||1||10||1||358||22
282||19||27||1||39||1||10||1||358||22
|}

|-
|2012||4||0
|-
|2013||3||0
|-
!Total||7||0
|}

References

Other websites
Other websites

1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Gunma Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
J3 League players
FC Tokyo players
FC Tokyo U-23 players
Vissel Kobe players
Sagan Tosu players
Yokohama FC players
2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players
The  is a subway line in Tokyo, Japan, owned and is operated by the Tokyo Metro. The line was named after the Hibiya area in Chiyoda's Yurakucho district, under which it passes.

Stations

References

Other websites
 Tokyo Metro website

Rail transport in Japan
The Saikyō Line(, ) is a Japanese railway line operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Ōsaki Station in Shinagawa, Tokyo, and Ōmiya Station in Saitama Prefecture. The line's name is an abbreviation of the two areas the line connects: Saitama() and Tōkyō().

Service
There are three types of trains on the Saikyō Line: "Local"(, ), "Rapid"(, ), and "Commuter Rapid"(, ).

Station list
 Rapid and commuter rapid trains stop at stations marked "●" and pass those marked "｜".

References

Notes
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.

Biography
Miyaichi was born in Okazaki on December 14, 1992. After graduating from Chukyo University Chukyo High School, he signed with English Premier League club Arsenal in 2011. He loaned out to Dutch Eredivisie club Feyenoord soon. In summer 2011, he returned to Arsenal. He played 2 matches at FA Cup. In January 2012, he moved to Bolton Wanderers on loan. In the 2012/13 season, he loaned out to Wigan Athletic. However he could not play many matches for injury. In summer 2013, he returned to Arsenal and played for the club 1 season. However there were few opportunities to play. In the 2014/15 season, he loaned out to Eredivisie club Twente. In summer 2015, he moved to German 2. Bundesliga club St. Pauli. 

In 2009, Miyaichi was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2009 U-17 World Cup and played 2 matches. On May 23, 2012, he debuted for the Japan national team against Azerbaijan. He played 2 games for Japan until 2012.

Statistics
Statistics

|-
|2010/11||Feyenoord||Feyenoord||12||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||12||3

|-
|2011/12||Arsenal||Premier League||0||0||0||0||2||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2011/12||Bolton Wanderers||Premier League||12||0||2||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1
|-
|2012/13||Wigan Athletic||Premier League||4||0||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2013/14||Arsenal||Premier League||1||0||0||0||2||0||2||0||5||0

|-
|2014/15||Twente||Feyenoord||10||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||0
|-
|2015/16||rowspan="6"|St. Pauli||rowspan="6"|2. Bundesliga||5||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||5||2
|-
|2016/17||17||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||19||0
|-
|2017/18||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2018/19||25||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||25||5
|-
|2019/20||29||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||30||1
|-
|2020/21||||||||||||||||||||
22||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||3
17||0||3||1||6||0||2||0||28||1
76||8||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||79||8
115||11||7||1||6||0||2||0||130||12
|}

|-
|2012||2||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

References

Other websites

1992 births
Living people
Footballers from Aichi Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Frozen may refer to:

 The result of freezing

Movies 
 Frozen (1997 movie), a movie by Wang Xiaoshuai
 Frozen (2005 movie), a movie by Juliet McKoen
 Frozen (2007 movie), a movie by Shivajee Chandrabhushan
 Frozen (2010 American movie), a thriller movie by Adam Green
 Frozen (2010 Hong Kong movie), a movie by Derek Kwok
 Frozen (franchise), a Disney media franchise based on the 2013 movie
 Frozen (2013 movie), a Disney animated movie inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's The Snow Queen
Frozen Fever (2015), a short sequel to the movie Frozen (2013)
 Olaf's Frozen Adventure (2017), a featurette short sequel to the movie Frozen (2013)
 Frozen II (2019), the sequel to the movie Frozen (2013)
 Frozen (advertisement), a 2014 political advertisement
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. His brothers Noriyoshi Sakai and Goson Sakai are also footballers.

Biography
Sakai was born in Niigata Prefecture on March 14, 1991.He joined J1 League club Albirex Niigata from their youth team in 2008. he played many matches from 2009. In January 2012, he moved to German Bundesliga club Stuttgart. He played 87 matches for the club in 4 seasons. In summer 2015, he moved to Hamburger SV. Although he played many matches for the club, the club was relegated to 2. Bundesliga first time in the club history end of the 2017/18 season. In summer 2019, he returned to Japan and joined Vissel Kobe. Kobe won the champions in the 2019 Emperor's Cup which is first major title in the club history.
In 2012, Sakai was selected the Japan U-23 national team for 2012 Summer Olympics. He played 4 matches and Japan won the 4th place. On September 6, 2012, he debuted for the Japan national team against United Arab Emirates. After the debut, he battles with Yuto Nagatomo, Atsuto Uchida and Hiroki Sakai for the left and right side back. He participated 2013 Confederations Cup and 2014 World Cup. However he did not play in the match both tournament. In 2015, he participated 2015 Asian Cup and played 4 matches as right side back. In 2018, he was selected Japan for 2018 World Cup. He played 1 match and Japan qualified to the knockout stage. After the 2018 World Cup, he retired from Japan national team. He played 42 games for Japan until 2018.

Statistics

|-
|2008||rowspan="4"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="4"|J1 League||0||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2009||18||0||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2010||31||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||33||0
|-
|2011||25||1||2||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||30||1
|-
|2011/12||rowspan="4"|Stuttgart||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||14||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2012/13||27||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||10||1||41||1
|-
|2013/14||28||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0||32||0
|-
|2014/15||18||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||19||1
|-
|2015/16||rowspan="4"|Hamburger SV||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||22||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||0
|-
|2016/17||33||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2017/18||28||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|2018/19||2. Bundesliga||31||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||34||0

|-
|2019||rowspan="3"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="3"|J1 League||12||0||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||0
|-
|2020||32||1||colspan="2"|-||1||0||6||0||39||1
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
118||2||8||0||10||0||6||0||142||2
201||2||16||0||colspan="2"|-||12||1||229||3
319||4||24||0||10||0||18||1||371||5
|}

|-
|2012||2||0
|-
|2013||9||0
|-
|2014||7||0
|-
|2015||7||0
|-
|2016||7||0
|-
|2017||4||0
|-
|2018||6||0
|-
!Total||42||0
|}
References

Other websites

1991 births
Living people
Footballers from Niigata Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Albirex Niigata players
Vissel Kobe players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Kazem HajirAzad (; March 21, 1950, Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian movie and theatre actor. He has played the role of Rostam in the movie The Death Story of Sohrab directed by Farshad Ahmadi Dastgerdi.

References

Other websites 
Kazem HajirAzad Website

1950 births
Living people
Actors from Tehran
Iranian movie actors
Hessian (German: Hessisch) is a group of German dialects, characterized as a Central German dialect according to its share in the High German sound shift and spoken mainly in Hesse, but also in some areas in Franconia, Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine-Westphalia.

Hessian, together with Palatine on the one hand and a mixed area between Hessian, Palatine, South Franconian ("Badisch") and East Franconian in the Rhine-Main-Neckar area on the other hand, forms the Rhine Franconian. Lorraine Franconian is also partially counted as part of Rhine Franconian.

The absence of the transition from p > (p)f (Appel for "apple", German: Apfel) marks Rhine Franconian, together with Moselle Franconian and Ripuarian, as a West Central German dialect.

"Hessian" in the sense of the traditional dialect is not to be confused with the modern New Hessian regiolect.
Geographical distribution and division 
The distribution area of Hessian dialects occupies the state of Hesse except for the extreme north and northeast, part of Rhineland-Palatinate (Westerwald, Rhenish Hesse, Taunus), North Rhine-Westphalia (Wittgensteiner Land) and Bavaria (Bavarian Lower Main).

One distinguishes

 Südhessisch (Frankfurterisch as well as the dialects around Wiesbaden, Darmstadt and in the northern district of Groß-Gerau, Rheinhessisch around Mainz, Untermainländisch around Aschaffenburg)
 Mittelhessisch (Rheingauer Platt, Taunus, along the Lahn (Hinterländer Platt), in the Vogelsberg, Wetterau to Spessart)
 Wittgensteiner Platt (Wittgensteiner Land; transition between Central and North Hessian)
 Nordhessisch (northern Hesse south of the Benrath line and excluding the Werra valley)
 Osthessisch (around Fulda)

Linguistic description
Phonology 
Linguistic boundaries are the isoglosses ich (Hessian) / ik (Low German) as well as machen (Hessian) / maken (Low German) northward to Low Saxon and Westphalian, Pund (Hessian) / Fund (Thuringian) eastward to Thuringian, Pund (Hessian) / Pfund (East Franconian) as well as Appel (Hessian) / Apfel (East Franconian) eastward to East Franconian, was (Hessian) / wat (Ripuarian/Moselle Franconian) westward to Moselle Franconian and fest (Hessian) / fescht (Palatine) to the Rhine Franconian/Palatine/East Franconian mixed area southward. As can be seen from the bounding isoglosses, Hessian is subject to the High German sound shift with respect to t > s and k > ch/h, but unlike East Central German, it does not show the p > f transition.
The border to the Low German language area is marked by a here spatially very narrowly limited isoglossic bundle - the Benrath line, which here, unlike west and east, is hardly fanned out. This language boundary (or maken-machen or ik-ich line) between Low German and Central German language varieties or Hessian belongs to the dialect continuum, but it is probably one of the most sharply formed transitional areas in the German language area. In contrast, the border to the south is characterized by particularly wide isoglosses and is correspondingly blurred. The transition to Palatine, to East Franconian and to Thuringian is fluent.
Characteristic is the lack of distinction between voiced and unvoiced s or sch as well as in South and Central Hessian between ch on the one hand and sch on the other. All these sounds tend to be pronounced voiced, so that phonetically, for example, there is hardly any difference between Kirche and Kirsche or between weiße and weise. This leads also in High German partly to hypercorrection (Kirchbaum instead of Kirschbaum).

Lexic 
Hessian is characterized by residual occurrences of particularly ancient words whose root words hardly occur in other dialects or languages, such as idrecken, itarucken for ruminate, densen, dinsen for "to pull at something with all one's might" and ehren (ähren) for ackern/plow.

The Hessian vocabulary is documented by three multi-volume dictionaries, the "Südhessisches Wörterbuch" (completed, 6 volumes), the "Hessen-Nassauisches Volkswörterbuch" (in progress), and the "Frankfurter Wörterbuch" (completed, 6 volumes).
From the 19th century come A. G. E. Vilmar's Idiotikon von Kurhessen (Marburg/Leipzig 1868) and Hermann von Pfister's Mundartliche und stammheitliche Nachträge zu A. F. C. Vilmar's Idiotikon von Hessen (Marburg 1886).

Grammar 
South of the Main, the preterite (past tense) is absent and replaced by the perfect (present perfect); north of the Main, on the other hand, preterite forms are common. In the south, standard German is "ich kam", i.e., ich bin kumme, whereas in the north, ich kåm. A second important, albeit Gemeindeutsch difference to standard German is the replacement of the genitive by prepositional and dative periphrases. Thus, instead of "Georg's book" it is "des Buch vum Schorsch" or "em Schorsch soi Buch."

Hessian syntax was studied in the 2010s at the Philipps University of Marburg as part of the project "SyHD: Syntax of Hessian Dialects."

Related pages
Low German

References
Bibliography 
 Magnus Breder Birkenes, Jürg Fleischer: Zentral-, Nord- und Osthessisch. In: Joachim Herrgen, Jürgen Erich Schmidt: Sprache und Raum. Ein internationales Handbuch der Sprachvariation. Band 4: Deutsch (= Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft. Band 30.4). De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin/Boston 2019, ISBN 978-3-11-018003-9, S. 435–478.
 Martin Durrell, Winifred V. Davies: Hessian. In: Charles V. J. Russ (Hrsg.): The Dialects of Modern German. A Linguistic Survey. Routledge, London 1990, ISBN 0-415-00308-3, S. 210–240.
 Hans Friebertshäuser: Das hessische Dialektbuch. Verlag C. H. Beck, München 1987, ISBN 3-406-32317-0.
 Hans Friebertshäuser: Kleines hessisches Wörterbuch. Verlag C. H. Beck, München 1990, ISBN 3-406-34192-6.
 Hans Friebertshäuser: Die Mundarten in Hessen. Regionalkultur im Umbruch des 20. Jahrhunderts. Husum, Husum 2004, ISBN 3-89876-089-8.
R[udolf] E. Keller: Darmstadt. In: German Dialects. Phonology & Morphology, with selected texts. Manchester University Press, Manchester 1961, S. 161–199.
 Werner König: dtv-Atlas zur deutschen Sprache. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, München 1978, ISBN 3-423-03025-9. Zahlreiche Neuauflagen.
 Peter Wiesinger: Phonetisch-phonologische Untersuchungen zur Vokalentwicklung in den deutschen Dialekten. Band 1 und 2. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1970 (Studia Linguistica Germanica 2).
 Hedwig Witte: Hessisch wie es nicht im Wörterbuch steht. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt 1971, ISBN 3-7973-0206-1.