Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles Football Club, commonly known as Los Angeles FC, or simply LAFC, ia an American professional soccer franchise based in Los Angeles, California. They competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Western Conference. The team plays their home games at BMO Stadium (known before 2023 as Banc of California Stadium). Their main rival is LA Galaxy, and the rivalry is known as El Tráfico.

Players and staff

Current roster

Coaching staff

Honors

Team

Players

References

2010s establishments in California
2014 establishments in California
American soccer teams
Major League Soccer teams
Sports in Los Angeles
Carlos Alberto Vela Garrido (born 1 March 1989) is a Mexican professional footballer. He plays as a winger who captains MLS club Los Angeles FC.

Career statistics

Club

International

International goals
Scores and results list Mexico's goal tally first.

Honours

Club
Los Angeles FC
Supporters' Shield: 2019

International
Mexico U-17
FIFA U-17 World Cup: 2005
Mexico
CONCACAF Gold Cup: 2009, 2015
CONCACAF Cup: 2015

Individual
FIFA U-17 World Cup Golden Boot: 2005
Real Sociedad Player of the Year: 2011–12, 2013–14
MLS All-Star: 2018, 2019 
MLS Best XI: 2018, 2019
 MLS Player of the Month: March 2019, April 2019, September 2019
 MLS Golden Boot: 2019
 MLS MVP Award: 2019

References

Other websites

Real Sociedad official profile 

2010 FIFA World Cup profile

1989 births
Living people
Mexican footballers
Association football forwards
Arsenal F.C. players
Premier League players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Diego Martín Rossi Marachlian (born 5 March 1998) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a winger or a forward for Major League Soccer club Columbus Crew and the Uruguay national team.

Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list Uruguay's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Rossi goal.

Honours
Peñarol
Primera División: 2015–16, 2017

Los Angeles FC
Supporters' Shield: 2019

Fenerbahçe
Turkish Cup: 2022–23

Uruguay Youth
South American Youth Football Championship: 2017

Individual
MLS All-Star: 2019, 2021 
MLS is Back Tournament Golden Boot: 2020
MLS is Back Tournament Young Player of the Tournament: 2020
MLS is Back Tournament Best XI: 2020
MLS Golden Boot: 2020
MLS Young Player of the Year: 2020
MLS Best XI: 2020
CONCACAF Champions League Team of the Tournament: 2020
Best MLS Player ESPY Award: 2021

References

Living people
1998 births
Association football forwards
Uruguayan footballers
The Designated Player Rule, nicknamed the Beckham Rule, allows Major League Soccer franchises to sign up to three players that would be considered outside their salary cap (either by offering the player higher wages or by paying a transfer fee for the player). The rule was adopted ahead of the 2007 MLS season, and it enables teams to compete for star players in the international soccer market. The rule is one of two ways which MLS teams may exceed their salary cap, the other being allocation money. As of December 2019, there have been 209 Designated Players in league history.

The rule is named after David Beckham. Beckham was the first player signed under this rule, signing a five-year contract with the Los Angeles Galaxy with a guaranteed annual salary of $6.5 million.

Club DP History
Club DP History

Notes
 The below list indicates players who have had their contract assigned as a Designated Player (DP) contract during their time in MLS. Players may have not always have had a DP contract, or have later had their contract negotiated below a DP level. Similarly, some players have been in MLS whose salary has been at a DP level, but the club has opted to bring their salary below the DP threshold using General Allocation Money or Targeted Allocation Money. Their listed "Years as DP" indicates what seasons they were active as a DP for that club only. Players in bold are currently signed to a DP contract by their club.
 Former MLS sides Miami Fusion and Tampa Bay Mutiny were dissolved before the introduction of the Designated Player Rule.

Atlanta United FC

Austin FC

Chicago Fire

Chivas USA (defunct)

FC Cincinnati

Colorado Rapids

Columbus Crew SC

FC Dallas

D.C. United

Houston Dynamo

Inter Miami CF

LA Galaxy

Los Angeles FC

Minnesota United FC

Montreal Impact

Nashville SC
Nashville SC

New England Revolution

New York City FC

New York Red Bulls

Orlando City SC

Philadelphia Union

Portland Timbers

Real Salt Lake

San Jose Earthquakes

Seattle Sounders FC

Sporting Kansas City

Toronto FC

Vancouver Whitecaps FC

References

Other websites
Designated Players glossary entry  at MLSsoccer.com

Major League Soccer
In probability, the geometric distribution with probability of success , written , is a discrete probability distribution defined on non-negative integers. It is used to model the number of trials needed to obtain a first success, where the probability of success of each trial is .

An example involving geometric distribution is the number of times a coin needs to be tossed in order to get the first head.

The geometric distribution is the discrete analogue of the exponential distribution.

Related pages 
 Bernoulli distribution

References 

Probability distributions
Functions and mappings
Statistics
Predator 2 is a 1990 American science fiction action movie. It is a standalone sequel to 1987's Predator. It starrs Danny Glover as an LAPD officer and main protagonist, who tries to catch the main antagonist, the   extraterrestrial Predator in Los Angeles.

Cast
 Danny Glover as Detective Lieutenant Michael "Mike" R. Harrigan
 Gary Busey as Special Agent Peter Keyes
 Bill Paxton as Detective Jerry Lambert

References

Other websites 

 

1990 action movies
1990 science fiction movies
American science fiction movies
American action movies
20th Century Fox movies
English-language movies
Predator movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Movies directed by Stephen Hopkins
Movies composed by Alan Silvestri
Charlotte Forman (1715–1787) was a journalist, translator, political essayist and activist. Between 1756 and 1780, she wrote political essays and news from abroad for newspapers under pseudonyms (false names). The false name she used in the newspapers Gazetteer and The Public Ledger was "Probus".

She was not famous in her lifetime, but she has become more well known in recent years. This is because she was one of the few women at that time who wrote essays on politics and trade. Back then, people thought those were men's areas of interest. Because of sexism, most people thought Forman's essays were written by men.

Scholars say her essays show great knowledge and morality.

Early life 
Forman's father was Irish Jacobite Charles Forman, and her mother was called Mary. Forman had five brothers and sisters.
Charles Forman was a clerk in the English war office. When James Francis Edward Stuart tried become king of England, Ireland and Scotland (and make royal House of Stuart the rulers of these countries) in the Jacobite rising of 1715, Forman was late in sending orders to the English general Charles Wills, who was fighting the Jacobites. Therefore, we do not know whether Charlotte was born in England or France, but she did later write that she had been "nursed in the palace of the Trianon" in France. 

She lived in London for most of her life in poverty, and  went into debtors' prison for a short time in 1767.

Writing career 
Forman wrote a many political essays for the Gazetteer and London Daily Advertiser between 1756 and 1760, then carried in in the Public Ledger in 1760. Both newspapers were for merchants, traders, and shopkeepers in London, and had information about to international trade, such as news about shipping and offers of wholesale and retail goods..
Forman's essays in the Gazetteer and the Public Ledger, all signed as Probus, were written in the before and during the Seven Years' War. About 200 surviving essays comment on  diplomatic news and general news reports, as well as looking into the interests of England, Prussia, France, Holland, Austria, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and Denmark. She always supported the English war effort, and kept telling readers that England could defeat France, as well as defending Frederick the Great and William Pitt from critics. She also argued against an early peace, as she thought it would give France too much leeway.

Letters written between her and with Radical satirist and politician John Wilkes have beensaid to give modern readers "graphic evidence of the struggles of an independent woman in the 18th century attempting to support herself by writing". She said she was a literary day labourer.
She is not known to have published anything under her own name, although there are many works published anonymously which now cannot be attributed.

References 

 
 
1784 deaths
English journalists
Frank the Pug or Agent F is an alien that poses as a pug and is a character in the Men in Black franchise. He was voiced by Tim Blaney. He has appeared in all but one of the movies.

Species
According to Men in Black II, he is actually a Remoolian.

Fictional characters introduced in 1997
Fictional dogs
Fictional extraterrestrial characters
Eight Crazy Nights is a 2002 American animated holiday comedy movie that was produced by Jack Giarraputo and was directed by Seth Kearsley. It stars Adam Sandler and is set in New Hampshire.

Cast 
 Adam Sandler as Davey Stone, Whitey Duvall, Elenore Duvall and reindeer
 Rob Schneider as Narrator

Ratings 
Eight Crazy Nights gained mainly negative reviews.

References

2002 comedy movies
2002 animated movies
Adult animated movies
American comedy movies
American animated movies
Basketball movies
English-language movies
Christmas movies
Columbia Pictures movies
Happy Madison movies
Movies set in the 1980s
Movies set in 2001
Screenplays by Adam Sandler
Back in the USSR is a 1992 American Japanese Russian thriller movie directed by Deran Sarafian and starring Frank Whaley, Roman Polanski, Natalya Negoda, Andrew Divoff, Dey Young, Brian Blessed, Constantine Gregory. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites 
 

1992 thriller movies
American thriller movies
Japanese thriller movies
Russian thriller movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Deran Sarafian
Movies set in Moscow
The Sweatbox is a 2002 American documentary movie designed to show behind-the-scenes footage of Kingdom of the Sun (the original version of The Emperor's New Groove). It showed transformation from Kingdom of the Sun to The Emperor's New Groove, including the director, musician Sting (whose wife created the documentary), artists and voice cast being dismayed by the new direction. The major theme is creative-executive conflicts.

Appearances
Mark Dindal
Sting
Roger Allers
Andreas Deja
David Spade
Patrick Warburton
Eartha Kitt
John Goodman
Thomas Schumacher
Roy E. Disney
David Hartley
Randy Fullmer
David Reynolds
Peter Schneider
Don Hahn
Joe Ranft
John Musker
Ron Clements
Gary Trousdale
Kirk Wise	
Dale Baer
Tony Bancroft	
Tom Jones
Owen Wilson
Marc Shaiman
Bruce W. Smith
John Debney

Other websites

Sweatbox Documentary Unedited Version

2002 movies
The Emperor's New Groove
American documentary movies
Spyro Reignited Trilogy is a platform video game that was published by Activision. It serves as a remaster and remake of the first three Spyro games: Spyro the Dragon, Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage! and Spyro: Year of the Dragon.

Other websites
Spyro the Dragon's Official website

2018 video games
Activision video games
Compilation video games
Nintendo Switch games
PlayStation 4 games
Spyro video games
Video game remakes
Xbox One games
All Dogs Go to Heaven is a 1989 American British Irish animated movie directed by Don Bluth, starring Burt Reynolds, and Dom DeLuise.

Cast 
 Frank Oz as Hellhound a Wolf/Hyena-like Dragon-Creature.

Sequel 
The movie got a sequel, All Dogs Go To Heaven 2.

Other websites 

1989 action movies
1989 adventure movies
1989 animated movies
1980s buddy movies
1989 comedy-drama movies
1980s family movies
1989 fantasy movies
1980s musical movies
1980s American action movies
American adventure movies
American animated movies
American buddy comedy movies
American comedy-drama movies
American family movies
American fantasy-comedy movies
American musical comedy movies
British adventure movies
British animated movies
British buddy movies
British comedy-drama movies
British family movies
British fantasy movies
British musical movies
1980s English-language movies
Irish adventure movies
Irish comedy movies
Irish drama movies
Irish fantasy movies
MGM movies
Movies about dogs
Movies directed by Don Bluth
Anastasia is a 1997 American animated movie with music and songs. Don Bluth and Gary Goldman directed it. It starred Meg Ryan, John Cusack, Kelsey Grammer, Hank Azaria and Christopher Lloyd.

Plot
The movie is about the Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia and the idea that she might have survived the murder of her family by the evil sorcerer Rasputin, with amnesia. (In reality, Anastasia was murdered with her family, after the Russian Revolution, on 17 July 1918, by the Bolshevik secret police.)

Other websites
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1997 animated movies
1997 fantasy movies
1990s musical movies
American animated movies
1990s American fantasy movies
1990s American musical movies
Annie Award winners
1990s English-language movies
Movies directed by Don Bluth
Movies about amnesia
Movies about royalty
Movies set in Paris
Movies set in Russia
Movies set in palaces
Movies set in the 1910s
Movies set in the 1920s
20th Century Fox movies
Telly Monster is a worrying reddish purple monster from Sesame Street. He loves triangles.

Muppets
This Is My Life is a 1992 American comedy movie directed by first time director Nora Ephron and was based on the novel This Is Your Life by Meg Wolitzer. It stars Julie Kavner, Gaby Hoffmann, Samantha Mathis, Carrie Fisher, Dan Aykroyd, Caroline Aaron, Kathy Najimy, Estelle Harris and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1992 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies based on books
20th Century Fox movies
The Odd Couple is a 1968 American comedy movie directed by Gene Saks and based on the Neil Simon's play of the same name. It stars Walter Matthau, Jack Lemmon, Herb Edelman, John Fiedler, David Sheiner, Billie Bird, Larry Haines, Carole Shelley and Monica Evans. It was nominated for two Academy Awards and was followed by the sequel The Odd Couple II.

Other websites
 
 
 

1968 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies based on plays
Paramount Pictures movies
Jacinda Barclay (18 February 1991 – 13 October 2020) was an Australian sportswoman. She played Australian rules football, baseball and American football at high levels. She played for her country in five Women's Baseball World Cups. She also played American football for the Chicago Bliss in the Legends Football League and Australian football for the Greater Western Sydney Giants in the AFL Women's (AFLW). Due to her success across different sports, The Sydney Morning Herald called Barclay "the Sonny Bill Williams of women's sport" in 2016.

Barclay grew up in Chidlow, Western Australia. She died on 13 October 2020 in Chidlow at the age of 29.

References

Other websites

Jacinda Barclay at AustralianFootball.com

1991 births
2020 deaths
Australian rules footballers
Baseball players
Sportspeople from Western Australia
Sportswomen
Cover Up is a 1949 American mystery movie directed by Alfred E. Green and starring William Bendix, Dennis O'Keefe, Art Baker, Barbara Britton, Ann E. Todd, Doro Merande, Hank Worden, Russell Armes. It was distributed by United Artists.

Other websites

1949 crime movies
1940s mystery movies
American crime movies
American mystery movies
Movies directed by Alfred E. Green
Aluminium-26 (26Al, Al-26) is a radioactive isotope of aluminium. It decays by either positron emission or electron capture to magnesium-26. The half-life of 26Al is 7.17×105 years. A small amount of aluminium-26 is made when atoms hit cosmic ray protons.

When aluminium-26 decays it also produces gamma rays and x-rays. Because it is radioactive, it is usually kept behind at least 5 centimetres (2 in) of lead. We use special tools to transfer, use, and store aluminium-26.

References

Isotopes
Aluminium
Olivier Corpet (4 September 1949 – 6 October 2020) was a French author and writer. He was co-founder, then director of the Institute for Contemporary Publishing Archives for 24 years. He was born in Paris.

Corpet began working as an engineer for the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

In 1986, he helped co-found Ent'revues, an association based on the research group.

Corpet founded the Institute for Contemporary Publishing Archives with Pascal Fouché and Jean-Pierre Dauphin in 1988. He was Director until 2013, when he resigned for health-related reasons.

Corpet died in Paris on 6 October 2020 at the age of 71.

References

1949 births
2020 deaths
Writers from Paris
Fred Nitz is a wheelchair athlete from Queensland. He represented Australia at the 1982 Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled in Hong Kong. He won medals in all of his events, winning 3 golds (200m, 400m and 4 x 400m) and 2 silvers (100m and 1500m Paraplegic 2 class). He was one of 157 Australian athletes to compete at the 1982 Games, where Australians won a total of 315 medals.

References

Australian athletes
Sportspeople from Queensland
Australian sportspeople with disabilities
Stellar nucleosynthesis is the creation (nucleosynthesis) of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions in stars. This fusion reaction also creates the stars' light and heat. The theory was proposed by Fred Hoyle in 1946. Stars evolve because of changes in what they are made up of throughout their life. However, this does not by itself change the amount of elements in the universe. Later in its life, a low-mass star will slowly release its atmosphere through solar wind, forming a planetary nebula. A high-mass star will release mass through a supernova.

Hydrogen fusion

Hydrogen fusion is the main process that makes energy in main sequence stars. Stars of all masses start on the main sequence. Hydrogen fusion combines four protons, which are hydrogen-1 nuclei, to make a helium-4 nucleus. In doing this, the star must convert two protons into neutrons.
Less massive stars, such as the Sun, use the proton-proton chain reaction. It starts with a collision of two protons. One of them becomes a neutron (after it releases a positively-charged positron). This creates a hydrogen-2 nucleus. Next, it collides with another proton to make a helium-3 nucleus. Finally, two helium-3 nuclei collide. This releases two protons and creates a stable helium-4 nucleus.

More massive stars use the CNO cycle to make helium-4. It starts with a carbon-12 nucleus. Four protons hit it, one at a time. Two of them become neutrons. Then the nucleus splits apart into a helium-4 nucleus and a carbon-12 nucleus, so the cycle can keep going. Of course, this is only possible if there is already carbon-12 in the star.

Helium fusion
Helium fusion combines three helium-4 nuclei into carbon-12. If two helium-4 nuclei collide, the resulting nucleus will decay very quickly. So three helium-4 nuclei must collide at almost the same time.
A helium-4 nucleus is also called an alpha particle, so this process is called the triple-alpha process.

Helium fusion requires higher temperature and pressure than hydrogen fusion. It can happen in all but the smallest stars. Helium fusion starts when the core runs out of hydrogen. When hydrogen fusion stops, the core stops making heat and light. Gravity collapses the core, making it smaller. This creates enough pressure and heat for helium fusion. The helium fusion makes the star much bigger. It becomes a red giant or red supergiant.

Alpha process
In the alpha process, helium-4 nuclei collide with larger nuclei. This creates oxygen, neon, magnesium, and larger elements. It requires higher temperature and pressure than helium fusion. This requirement gets even higher as nuclei get larger. It will not happen in the Sun, but in much more massive stars.

The alpha process creates elements up to iron (atomic number 26). It creates nuclei whose mass numbers are multiples of 4.
S-process and r-process
In the s-process and r-process, large nuclei collide with neutrons. Sometimes, a nucleus will then go through beta decay, and a neutron will change into a proton. The "s" stands for "slow", because it happens more slowly, when less neutrons are nearby. It can happen inside red giant stars. The "r" stands for "rapid", because it happens more quickly, when more neutrons are nearby. The r-process can happen in a supernova. These are an important source of rare, heavy elements.

References

Further reading

Nuclear physics
Astrophysics
"Eye of the Tiger" is a 1982 hard rock song under the American rock band Survivor. This rock ballad was from the hard rock studio album of the same name. It was recorded under the request of the actor Sylvester Stallone for his boxing drama movie Rocky III. That happened when rock group Queen didn't give him permission to use the song "Another One Bites the Dust" in his movie. The movie version had tiger growls within it.

In the United States, "Eye of the Tiger" hit #1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It stayed at #1 for six weeks.

The song was nominated for a 1982 Academy Award for Best Original Song. This was the only nomination for Rocky III. It lost to "Up Where We Belong" from An Officer and a Gentleman. It was also nominated for a 1983 Grammy Award for Song of the Year. It lost, though, to Willie Nelson's hit "Always on My Mind".
In 2012, Survivor sued Republican presidential candidate Newt Gingrich in Illinois federal court. Gingrich had been using "Eye of the Tiger" without asking permission in his political rallies dating back to 2009.

References

Rock ballads
1982 songs
Operation Amsterdam is a 1959 British World War II action movie directed by Michael McCarthy and was based on the novel Adventures in Diamonds by David E. Walker. It stars Peter Finch, Eva Bartok, Tony Britton, Alexander Knox, Malcolm Keen, Christopher Rhodes, Oscar Quitak and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

1959 war movies
1950s action movies
British action movies
British war movies
Movies based on books
20th Century Fox movies
Movies set in Amsterdam‏‎
Movies set in the Netherlands
Movies directed by Michael McCarthy
Merge sort (or mergesort) is an divide and conquer algorithm for sorting a list of items. John von Neumann first presented it in 1945. It is similar to quicksort, developed in 1960. The difference is that with merge sort,  dividing the lists is trivial, and merging them together isn't. With quicksort, dividing the lists is more complex, but the merging step is trivial.

Usage
Merge sort is a stable sorting algorithm, while quicksort is not. It has a worst-case complexity of O(n*log(n)). Merge sort is also highly parallelizable. It can be used for solving the inversion counting problem.

Algorithm
 If the list contains only one item, then return the list
 Divide the list into two lists of half the size of the list
 Apply the algorithm to each of the two lists
 Merge the two sorted lists together

Searching and sorting algorithms
A sorting algorithm is called stable if it preserves the order of elements with the same sorting key. Otherwise it is called unstable.
Merge sort is an example of a stable sorting algorithm, quicksort is an example of an unstable sorting algorithm. 
Note that being stable has nothing to do with how difficult it is to do the sorting (known as complexity). Bubble sort is very easy to implement, but takes a very long time. It is a stable sorting algorithm.
Heapsort is very efficient, but it is not stable.

Formally stability may be defined as, how the algorithm treats equal elements. Let A[] be an array, and let ‘<‘ be a strict weak ordering on the elements of A[].  A sorting algorithm is stable if: i < j and A[i]=A[j] implies pi(i) < pi(j) where pi is the sorting permutation (sorting moves A[i] to position pi(i)).

Which sorting algorithms are stable? 

Some Sorting Algorithms are stable by nature, such as Bubble Sort, Insertion Sort, Merge Sort, Count Sort, etc.

Which sorting algorithms are unstable?
Quick Sort, Heap Sort etc., can be made stable by also taking the position of the elements into consideration. This change may be done in a way that does not compromise a lot on the performance and takes some extra space.

Searching and sorting algorithms
Geoffrey Curtis Ralph "Geoff" Peddle (1 January 1963 – 8 October 2020) was a Canadian Anglican prelate. He was the bishop of the Diocese of Eastern Newfoundland and Labrador from 2014 to 2020. Peddle was born in Bonavista, Newfoundland and Labrador.

Peddle died on 8 October 2020 at the age of 57.

References

1963 births
2020 deaths
Anglican bishops
Anglican priests
People from Newfoundland and Labrador
Helmut Giesbrecht (February 18, 1943 – October 9, 2020) was a Ukrainian-born Canadian educator and politician. He represented Skeena in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1991 to 2001 as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member. From 1981 to 1985, he was Mayor of Terrace, British Columbia.

Giesbrecht died on October 9, 2020, aged 77.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
Canadian school teachers
Trade unionists
Politicians from British Columbia
John Joseph Creedon (August 1, 1924 – October 11, 2020) was an American businessman. He was the President and Chief Executive Officer of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company from 1983 to 1989. Creedon was born in New York City.

Creedon died on October 11, 2020 in Larchmont, New York at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
USS Caliente (AO-53) 
French American School of New York

1924 births
2020 deaths
Businesspeople from New York City
Larchmont  is a village located within the Town of Mamaroneck in Westchester County, New York, approximately  northeast of Midtown Manhattan. The population of the village was 5,864 at the 2010 census.

References

Villages in New York (state)
Heap sort or heapsort is a sorting algorithm. It was presented in 1964, and helped make a data structure known as heap popular. Heapsort divides the input into a sorted and an unsorted region. It then takes the largest element from the unsorted region and inserts it into the sorted region. The unsorted region is kept as a heap, which allows finding the largest element quickly. Heapsort is not stable. It has a worst-case complexity of O(n*log(n)).

Searching and sorting algorithms
Donald Pellmann (August 12, 1915 – October 11, 2020) was an American centenarian multi world-record-setting masters athlete. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Pellmann held the current M90 world record (for men aged 90 or above) in the long jump, high jump, discus throw, and indoor pole vault.

He participated in the 100 metres, triple jump, shot put, and javelin throw.

Pellmann died on October 11, 2020 in Santa Clara, California from problems caused by a broken hip at the age of 105.

References

1915 births
2020 deaths
American centenarians
Javelin throwers
Discus throwers
American shot putters
American high jumpers
Long jumpers
American sprinters
Sportspeople from Milwaukee
Pole vaulters
J. W. "Jay" Porter (January 17, 1933 – October 11, 2020) was an American Major League Baseball player. He appeared with the St. Louis Browns in 1952, Detroit Tigers between 1955 and 1957, Cleveland Indians in 1958, Washington Senators in 1959, and St. Louis Cardinals in 1959. Porter was born in Shawnee, Oklahoma.

Porter died of respiratory failure on October 11, 2020 in Jupiter, Florida at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

 Sports Illustrated 10 Greatest Characters in Detroit Tigers History
 BaseballLibrary.com Profile
 Baseball-Almanac Profile

1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Baltimore Orioles players
Cleveland Indians players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Detroit Tigers players
Washington Nationals players
Sportspeople from Oregon
Sportspeople from Oklahoma
People from Shawnee, Oklahoma
Jean Cardot (20 July 1930 – 13 October 2020) was a French sculptor. He was born in Saint-Étienne, France. He was elected a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts on 9 November 1983 and president in 1992 and 1997. He made statues in Paris of Sir Winston Churchill 1998 on the Right Bank of the Seine in front of the Petit Palais.

Cardot died on 13 October 2020 in Paris. He was 90 years old.

References

1930 births
2020 deaths
French sculptors
People from Saint-Étienne
The Académie des Beaux-Arts (, Academy of Fine Arts) is a French learned society. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France. The current President of the Academy (2016) is .

The Academy was created in 1816 in Paris as a merger of the Académie de peinture et de sculpture (Academy of Painting and Sculpture, founded 1648), the Académie de musique (Academy of Music, founded in 1669) and the Académie d'architecture (Academy of Architecture, founded in 1671).

Other websites
 Institut de France website

1810s establishments in France
1816 establishments in Europe
Buildings and structures in Paris
Nevzat Güzelırmak (1 January 1942 – 12 October 2020) was a Turkish football defender and later manager. He played 18 times for Turkey from 1962 to 1968. He also played for Göztepe S.K. between 1960 to 1975.

Güzelırmak died on 12 October 2020 at the age of 78.

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
Turkish footballers
Turkish football managers
The Incident is a 1967 American crime thriller movie directed by Larry Peerce and was based on the teleplay Ride with Terror by Nicholas E. Baehr. It stars Martin Sheen, Beau Bridges, Ruby Dee, Tony Musante, Ed McMahon, Victor Arnold, Thelma Ritter, Donna Mills, Jan Sterling, Jack Gilford, Brock Peters, Robert Fields and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites

 

1967 crime movies
1967 thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
Movies based on plays
20th Century Fox movies
American independent movies
Movies directed by Larry Peerce
Göztepe Spor Kulübü (, Göztepe Sports Club) also known as Göztepe, is a Turkish sports club based in the Göztepe and Güzelyalı neighborhoods of İzmir. 

The club became the Turkish champions in 1950. In 1969 Göztepe became the first Turkish football team to play a semi-final in European competitions.

References

2000s establishments in Turkey
2008 establishments in Asia
2008 establishments in Europe
Turkish football clubs
Fernando Lopes (21 November 1964 –  October 2020) was an Angolan swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

Lopes died in October 2020 at the age of 55.

References

1964 births
2020 deaths
Swimmers
Angolan sportspeople
Olympians
Carlos M. Rivera (1934 – October 12, 2020) was an American firefighter. He was the first Hispanic commissioner in the New York City Fire Department's 127-year history. He was appointed the 27th Fire Commissioner of the City of New York by Mayor David N. Dinkins on January 1, 1990. He resigned on August 31, 1993.

Rivera died on October 12, 2020 in New York City at the age of 86.

References

2020 deaths
1934 births
People from New York City
The Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China () was the head of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The position was established at the 8th National Congress in 1945 and abolished at the 12th National Congress in 1982, being replaced by that of the General Secretary. The CCP Chairman was elected by the Central Committee in plenary session and had full powers over the Central Committee, the Politburo and its Standing Committee.

List of chairmen
 Mao Zedong (19 June 1945 – 9 September 1976)
 Hua Guofeng (7 October 1976 – 28 June 1981)
 Hu Yaobang (29 June 1981 – 11 September 1982)
List of vice chairmen
 8th Central Committee (1956–1969)
 Liu Shaoqi (expelled in 1968), Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Lin Biao (from 1959).
 9th Central Committee (1969–1973)
 Lin Biao (died in 1971).
 10th Central Committee (1973–1977)
 Hua Guofeng (First Vice-chairman from 6 April 1976, chairman from 9 September), Zhou Enlai (died in 1976), Wang Hongwen (arrested in 1976), Kang Sheng (died in 1975), Li Desheng, Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping (from 1975 to 1976, and from 1977).
 11th Central Committee (1977–1982)
 Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun, Li Xiannian, Wang Dongxing, Hua Guofeng (from 1981), Zhao Ziyang (from 1981).

Chinese communist politicians
Politics of the People's Republic of China
Sadegh Malek Shahmirzadi () (April 24, 1940 – October 12, 2020) was an Iranian archaeologist and anthropologist. He was born in Shahmirzad, Semnan Province. 

Shahmirzadi was the author of over 60 research articles and books. Shahmirzadi's book, Dictionary of Archeology English-Persian-Persian-English, published in 1997.

Shamirzadi died on October 12, 2020 in Tehran at the age of 80.
Works
 1978, Introduction to Sociology (in Persian).
 1994, Fundamental of Archaeology, Prehistoric Iran, Prehistoric Mesopotamia and Art and Archeology of Ancient Egypt (in Persian).
 1996, English for Student of Archeology.
 1996, Dictionary of Archaeology English-Persian-Persian-English. ()
 1996, Iranian Houses.
 1998, History of Early Iran (in Persian); co-authors with Dr. M. Haririan, Dr. J. Amoozgar, and N. Mirsaidi. (Fifth printing 2006).
 1999, Prehistoric Iran; Iran From The Earliest Times to the Dawn of Urbanism.
 2000, Agh Tepe; co-author with Jebraeil Nokandeh.
 2004, The Silversmiths of Sialk (in Persian). ()
 2006, Sialk, The Oldest Fortified Village of Iran; Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran, Iran.

References

1940 births
2020 deaths
Iranian writers
Archaeologists
Asian anthropologists
Aldo Brovarone (24 June 1926 – 12 October 2020) was an Italian automobile designer. He was  the chief stylist for Pininfarina. He was known for his works including the Ferrari Dino GTS, Lancia Gamma Coupé and the Peugeot 504 and 504 Coupé. Brovarone was born in Vigliano Biellese, Italy.

Brovarone died on 12 October 2020 in Turin, Italy at the age of 94.

References

Italian businesspeople
Italian mechanical engineers
2020 deaths
1926 births
People from Piedmont
Ezra Schabas,  (April 24, 1924 – October 12, 2020) was an American-born Canadian musician, educator and author. He began working in 1952. He was born in New York City. He was a leading musical educator, clarinetist, and administrator in Toronto's musical institutions. 

He wrote several books on Canadian and American musical history, and he was appointed to the Order of Ontario and made a Member of the Order of Canada.

Shabas died on October 12, 2020 in Toronto at the age of 96.

References

Other websites
 Ezra Schabas archival papers held at the University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services

1924 births
2020 deaths
Musicians from New York City
Musicians from Toronto
Educators from New York City
Canadian educators
Writers from Toronto
Writers from New York City
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Christopher David Killip (11 July 1946 – 13 October 2020) was a Manx photographer. He worked at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, from 1991 to 2017, as a Professor of Visual and Environmental Studies. Killip was well known for his black and white images of people and places. He was born in Douglas, Isle of Man.

Killip died in October 2020 at the age of 74.

References

Other websites
Killip at Visual and Environmental Studies, Harvard University
ULAN entry for Killip
Killip's photographs  in the [British] Government Art Collection, Department of Culture, Media and Sport
Pirelli Work, publisher's page.
Chris Killip's personal website

British photographers
2020 deaths
1946 births
Harvard University faculty
Manx people
Vitória Futebol Clube is a Portuguese sports club from the city of Setúbal. Popularly known as Vitória de Setúbal (), the club was born under the original name Sport Victoria from the ashes of the small Bonfim Foot-Ball Club.

References

20th-century establishments in Portugal
1910 establishments in Europe
Portuguese football clubs
Setúbal (, also , ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal.  The population in 2021 was 123,496.

In Setubal is Portugal’s largest covered market, and the Igreja do Convento de Jesus church.
On the hill to the south of the city is the Forte de São Filipe, a fort constructed during the 16th century by the Spanish king, Philip II.

References

Cities in Portugal
Municipalities of Portugal
Augusto Matine (13 February 1947 – 13 October 2020) was a Portuguese footballer and manager.

He played as a midfielder mostly for Benfica and Vitória Setúbal at club level and 9 times for the Portugal national team. He managed the Mozambique national team, Estrela Amadora and home town clubs Ferroviário de Maputo and Desportivo de Maputo.

References

1947 births
2020 deaths
Portuguese footballers
Portuguese football managers
"Something in the Way" is a song by American rock band Nirvana, written by Kurt Cobain. It is the 12th song on their second album, Nevermind, released in September 1991. It is the final listed song on the album, although most copies of Nevermind also feature the hidden track "Endless, Nameless".

"Something in the Way" was said to be based on a time when Cobain was homeless and slept underneath a bridge, close to his childhood home in Aberdeen, Washington. While Cobain did run away from home as a teenager, his sisters and biographer do not believe he actually slept under it.

In August 2020, the song charted for the first time after appearing in the first trailer for the 2022 superhero movie The Batman, peaking at number two on Billboard's US Rock Digital Songs Sales chart, and number five on their US Alternative Digital Songs Sales charts. When the movie came out in March 2022, Spotify said there was a 1200% increase in streams of the song.

References

1991 songs
Nirvana (band) songs
John Richard Reid  (3 June 1928 – 14 October 2020) was a New Zealand cricketer. He was born in Auckland, New Zealand. He played for the national team between 1949 to 1965. 

In 1962, Reid was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire. 

Reid died in Auckland on 14 October 2020 at the age of 92.

References

1928 births
2020 deaths
New Zealand cricketers
Sportspeople from Auckland
Lexicographic Order is, to put simply, Alphabetic order.
in a mathematical or programming context, this means that symbols are ordered by their value
for example: 0, 00, 1, 11, 2, 22, etc.

Set theory
Theoretical computer science
Vocabulary
An axion is a elementary particle theorized in 1977 by the Peccei–Quinn theory. It was used to solve the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). If these axions do exist in a specific mass range, they could be a possible part of cold dark matter. There is also evidence of solar axions (axions from the Sun). Also if these axions exist there is evidence that they can go faster than the speed of light.

References 

Astrophysics
Elementary particles
Quantum mechanics
Sir Alexander Tilloch Galt,  (Born September 6, 1817, died September 19, 1893) was a politician and a father of the Canadian Confederation.

He began working in Canada with the British American Land Company in Lower Canada's Eastern Townships. He was angry about the political deadlock in the united legislature of Canada East (Québec) and Canada West (Ontario). He first supported annexation to the United States, but later worked for a federal union of the British North American colonies. After Confederation, he moved from electoral politics into diplomacy. He continued to promote development in the Eastern Townships and later in southern Alberta.

References

1817 births
1893 deaths
Canadian businesspeople
Canadian politicians
Knights Bachelor
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec
Order of St Michael and St George
People from the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea
Privy Councillors (Canada)
Spallation is a process whereby material is released from a body because of impact or stress. In impact mechanics, it is the release of material from a target during impact by a projectile. In planetary physics, it is the impact of a meteoroid on the surface of a planet and the effects of solar winds and cosmic rays on the atmosphere and surface of planets. In anthropology, spallation is a process used to make stone tools by knapping. In nuclear physics, spallation is the process in which a heavy nucleus releases many nucleons because it has been hit by a high-energy particle, thereby reducing its atomic weight.

Nuclear physics
Agwé (also spelt Goue, Agoueh, or Agive), is a loa who rules over the sea, fish, and aquatic plants, as well as the patron loa of fishermen and sailors in Voodoo.

Worship
His colors are blue, white, and occasionally sea-green or brown. His veve (ritual symbol) is a boat with sails. His symbols are painted shells, painted oars, and sea life like the seahorse and starfish.

Offerings
Small offerings to Agwe are dropped overboard in deep ocean water. Large offerings to Agwe are left on constructed rafts (barques d'Agwe) which are floated to sea. If the raft sinks, it is accepted; if it returns to shore it is rejected.

His offerings include: 

mirrors,  toy ships or scale ship models, oars or paddles, sea shells;

champagne, naval rum, coffee with sugar and cream, white cake, cane syrup, olive oil; 

male ducks and white rams or goats (they are prepared, cooked, and then placed on plates as a sacrifice; as king of the seas, Agwe doesn't get hot food at home).
In popular culture
 In the Broadway show Once On This Island, Agwe is one of the 4 main gods that guide and influence the main character. He is declared the god of water, appearing with three other gods: mother of Earth Asaka, goddess of love Erzulie, and demon of death Ghede.
 Agwe is a character in the novel My Love, My Love, or The Peasant Girl by Rosa Guy.
 Loa Agwe (together with the adepts of Voodoo) is depicted in Andrei Gusev's 2020 novel Once in Malindi.

References

Gods and goddesses
Afro-American religion
Beryllium-10 (10Be) is a radioisotope of beryllium. It is formed in the Earth's atmosphere mainly by cosmic ray spallation of nitrogen and oxygen. Beryllium-10 has a half-life of 1.39 × 106 years. It decays by beta decay to boron-10. It has a maximum energy of 556.2 keV. It decays through the reaction 10Be→10B + e−.

10Be and its daughter product have been used to study soil erosion, soil formation from regolith, the development of lateritic soils and the age of ice cores. It is also formed in nuclear explosions by a reaction of fast neutrons with 13C in the carbon dioxide in air.

References

Isotopes
Beryllium
Karl Fredrik Ljungberg (born 16 April 1977) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a winger. He is also a football manager. He was the former assistant coach of Arsenal F.C.

Career statistics

Club
Sources:

International
Source:

International goals
Sweden score listed first, score column indicates after each Ljungberg goal.

Managerial statistics

Honours
Halmstad
Allsvenskan: 1997
Svenska Cupen: 1994–95

Arsenal
Premier League: 2001–02, 2003–04
FA Cup: 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05
FA Charity Shield: 1999

Seattle Sounders

U.S. Open Cup: 2009

Individual
Premier League Player of the Season: 2001–02
Premier League Player of the Month: April 2002
Premier League Overseas Team of the Decade: 1992–93 – 2001–02
ESM Team of the Year: 2001–02
Guldbollen: 2002, 2006
Swedish Midfielder of the Year: 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 
MLS Best XI: 2009
MLS Player of the Month: October 2009
Fotbollsgalan Folkets Lirare ("Fan's Player of the Year"): 1998

References

Other websites
Other websites

Freddie Ljungberg at Celtic F.C.

1977 births
Living people
Swedish footballers
Swedish football managers
Arsenal F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
Premier League players
UEFA Euro 2000 players
2002 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2004 players
2006 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2008 players
Michael Sheehan Bradley (born July 31, 1987) is an American former professional soccer player.

Career statistics

Club

International

Scores and results list United States' goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Bradley goal.

Honors
Roma
 Coppa Italia runner-up: 2012–13

Toronto FC
 MLS Cup: 2017; runner-up: 2016, 2019
 Eastern Conference (Playoffs): 2016, 2017, 2019
Supporters' Shield: 2017
 Canadian Championship: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020; runner-up: 2019, 2021, 2022
 CONCACAF Champions League runner-up: 2018
Campeones Cup runner-up: 2018
United States
 CONCACAF Gold Cup: 2007, 2017; runner-up: 2011, 2019
 FIFA Confederations Cup runner-up: 2009
Individual
 CONCACAF Men's Best XI: 2015, 2018
 IFFHS CONCACAF Team of the Decade: 2011–2020
U.S. Soccer Player of the Year: 2015
CONCACAF Gold Cup Golden Ball: 2017
 CONCACAF Gold Cup Best XI: 2017, 2019
MLS All-Star: 2014, 2015, 2017
 Fútbol de Primera Player of the Year: 2015
Red Patch Boys Player of the Year: 2014

References
In planetary science, planetary differentiation is the process of separating out different parts of a planetary body where the planetary body develops into distinct layers. The denser materials of a planet sink to the center, while less dense materials rise to the surface. Such a process usually creates a core and mantle. Sometimes a crust forms on top of the mantle. The process of planetary differentiation has happened on planets, dwarf planets, the asteroid 4 Vesta, and natural satellites (such as the Moon).

Planets
A callus is an area of thick skin that forms due to pressure, friction or irritation. Repeated contact is needed for them to form. Calluses are often found on one's feet because of walking and badly fitting shoes. Though they may appear unsightly, calluses are not usually harmful. They can, however, lead to or cause other problems if neglected.

Calluses can also form on human hands. In particular, the middle, ring and index fingers are prone to calluses.

Construction work, having high heels on too much, rock climbing and playing musical instruments can cause calluses on the hands or feet. Certain sports can also cause calluses.

References

Skin problems
Legia Warszawa (), known in English as Legia Warsaw, is a professional football club in Warsaw, Poland. Legia is one of the most successful Polish football clubs in history winning 14 Ekstraklasa titles, a record 19 Polish Cup trophies and four Polish SuperCups. The club plays its home games at the Polish Army Stadium.

Legia in Europe
As of 1 October 2020

Note: italics means neutral place results or penalised result

Players

Current squad

Out on loan

Retired numbers

Hall of Fame
This is a list of former players and coaches who have been inducted into the Legia Warsaw Hall of Fame.

Honours

Domestic
As of the 2022–23 season.

Europe
European Cup/Champions League:
 Semi-finals (1): 1969–70
 Quarter-finals (2): 1970–71, 1995–96
 Group stage (1): 2016–17
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup:
 Semi-finals (1): 1990–91
 Quarter-finals (2): 1964–65, 1981–82
UEFA Europa League:
 Group stage (2): 2013–14, 2015–16
 Round of 32 (3): 2011–12, 2014–15, 2016–17

References

Other websites
Other websites

Official website 
Legia Fansite 
Legionisci Fansite 
Legia Warszawa Ultras Group

1910s establishments in Poland
1916 establishments in Europe
Polish football clubs
Warsaw
Frasers Property is a company that manages real estate in many countries. It is a multi-national company. It has assets in Singapore, Southeast Asia, Australia, Europe, and China.  The company headquarters is in Singapore. The stocks of the company is traded in the Singapore Exchange. 

Frasers Property Industrial is a strategic business unit of Frasers Property. It develops and manages industrial properties in Australia, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria. As of 31 December 2019, it had approximately S$5.4 billion of assets under management.

References

Other websites 
 Official website
1963 establishments in Asia
Real estate developers

Companies of Singapore