Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
There has not been a Nazi state since 1945, but there are still people who believe in those ideas. These people are often called neo-Nazis. Here are some examples of modern Nazi ideas:
 Germanic peoples are superior to all other races of people.
 Many neo-nazis change "germanic" to "all white people".
 They speak against Jews and sometimes other races. For example:
 They say that the Holocaust did not happen, and that it was made up by the Jews.
 They say that Hitler was right to blame Jewish people for Germany's problems after World War I;
 They tell people to hate Jewish people and other groups of people.
 They believe that Jews have too much power in the world.
After the war, laws were made in Germany and other countries, especially countries in Europe, that make it illegal to say the Holocaust never happened. Sometimes they also ban questioning the number of people affected by it, which is saying that not so many people were killed as most people think who wrote this? There has been some controversy over whether this affects people's free speech. Certain countries, such as Germany, Austria, and France, also banned the use of Nazi symbols. It is also banned to make a Nazi pledge position on a popular media source to stop Nazis from using them.

Related pages
 Adolf Hitler
 Mein Kampf
 Nazi eugenics
 The Holocaust
 Nazi concentration camps and death camps
 Holocaust victims

References

Other websites. 

 

 
Fascism
Adolf Hitler
Pork is meat that comes from pigs. It is the most commonly consumed meat in the world Evidence of pig husbandry dates back to 5000 BC.

A simple meal to make which contains pork is afelia. Sausages, bacon and ham are the most common uses of pork in the United Kingdom, the United States, and other parts of the Western world. Pork is forbidden by the food taboos of kosher and halal.

References
Mike Farrell (born February 6, 1939) is an American actor, writer and producer. He played BJ Hunnicutt on the television series M*A*S*H. He played Michael "Mike" Hawks in the television movie Battered in 1978. He played Chicago real estate developer Lee Miglin in the limited crime series The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story.

Farrell was born in St. Paul, Minnesota. He was raised in Hollywood, California. He was part of the United States Marine Corps. Farrell was married to Judy Hayden from 1963 until they divorced in 1983. Then, he married Shelley Fabares in 1984. He has two children with Hayden.

Farrell is also an activist for various causes, including animal rights and world peace. He was Vice President of the Screen Actors Guild.

References

Other websites
Other websites 
 

American movie actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American political activists
American human rights activists
Democrats (United States)
Actors from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Screenwriters from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Movie directors from Los Angeles
Actors from Los Angeles
Writers from Saint Paul, Minnesota
1939 births
Living people
David Allen Ogden Stiers (October 31, 1942 – March 3, 2018) was an American actor, comedian, conductor, director, musician, singer and voice artist. He was most famous for his role as Charles Emerson Winchester III in M*A*S*H. He also provided the voices in several Disney animated movies. This included playing Cogsworth in Beauty and the Beast, John Radcliffe in Pocahontas, and Jumba Jookiba in the Lilo & Stitch franchise.

He also played the voice of Escher in the Myst V (End of Ages) video game.

Early life
Stiers was born in Peoria, Illinois on October 31, 1942. He attended Urbana High School at the same time as Roger Ebert. He went to Eugene, Oregon, where he graduated from North Eugene High School and attended the University of Oregon.

Personal life
Stiers was openly gay. He was a Democrat.

Death
On March 3, 2018, Stiers died at his home in Newport, Oregon of bladder cancer-related complications at the age of 75.

References

Other websites
 The Stiers Place Website  - David Ogden Stiers Fansite
1942 births
2018 deaths
Actors from Oregon
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American television directors
Cancer deaths in Oregon
Deaths from bladder cancer
Democrats (United States)
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT people from Illinois
Actors from Peoria, Illinois
Comedians from Oregon
Singers from Peoria, Illinois
Singers from Oregon
Beauty and the Beast is a French folk story. It tells the story of a merchant who is lost in the woods. He finds the palace of a beast who wants to kill him, and makes a deal with the beast, to have his daughter in exchange. The daughter goes to live in the Beast's castle; the two fall in love; and the beast turns into a prince.

The story has been published and revised in many versions, most notably Madame Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve's 1740 retelling and its revision in 1756 by Madame Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont.

It was the inspiration for many other stories, as well as a 1980s TV series starring Linda Hamilton and Ron Pearlman. Several movies have been based on it, most famously Jean Cocteau's 1946 version and the 1991 animated version by Disney, which was nominated for the Best Picture Academy Award and inspired a long-running Broadway musical.

Other websites 
  Beauty and the Beast, audio version 

Fairy tales
William Wayne McMillan Rogers III (April 7, 1933 – December 31, 2015) was an American television and movie actor. He played the role of "Trapper" John McIntrye on the TV series M*A*S*H. (The role was played by Elliott Gould in the 1970 movie version and Pernell Roberts on the 1979-1986 TV show, Trapper John MD). He left the show in 1975 and was replaced by Mike Farrell as BJ Hunnicutt. He graduated from Princeton University with a degree in history and served in the Navy before becoming an actor. 

Since retiring from acting, Rogers works as an investor and appears on many financial news shows.

Rogers died from complications of pneumonia in Los Angeles, California on December 31, 2015 at the age of 82.

Sources

Other websites 

1933 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Birmingham, Alabama
McLean Stevenson (November 14, 1929 – February 15, 1996) was an American actor. He is best known for his role as Henry Blake on the TV show, M*A*S*H. He left the show in 1975 and his character was killed off.

Stevenson was born in Normal, Illinois.

His grandfather Adlai E. Stevenson was Vice-president of the United States to Grover Cleveland, and his second cousin, once removed Adlai Stevenson II was Governor of Illinois and unsuccessfully ran for President twice in the 1950s losing to Dwight D. Eisenhower both times.

Stevenson, while recovering from bladder cancer, died of a heart attack in Los Angeles, aged 68. Ironically, Roger Bowen, who played Henry Blake in the 1970 movie version of M*A*S*H, died the day after Stevenson did.

Other websites
Other websites 

1929 births
1996 deaths
Deaths from bladder cancer
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American television presenters
Actors from Illinois
Golden Globe Award winning actors
People from Normal, Illinois
Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (15 April 1793 – 23 November 1864 (Julian calendar: 11 November)) was a German-born Russian astronomer.  He was born in Altona (now an area of Hamburg), Germany, but later lived in Russia. He was an expert on double stars and one of the first astronomers to measure stellar parallax (closely related to the work by Friedrich Bessel).

While director of Dorpat Observatory (1817–39) he wrote Stellarum Duplicum et Multiplicum (1837), which proved that double stars are not exceptional and that star systems are governed by the laws of gravity. Struve added a lot to the study of galactic structure and also engaged in notable geodetic operations such as the triangulation of Livonia and the measurement of an arc of the meridian. In 1839 he became director of the new Pulkovo Observatory and was one of the first three astronomers who almost simultaneously obtained an approximate stellar parallax. (One of the others being Bessel)
In 1822 he published the first of many double-star catalogues, the identifying numbers of which are still used today. Struve's stars, however, are now often named in his honor (for example, Struve 2398), whereas the original catalogue prefix was the Greek letter sigma. In 1833 he moved to Russia to set up the Pulkovo Observatory near St. Petersburg, of which he was director until his retirement in 1862, when his son took over in the post. In total, Friedrich Struve produced 272 astronomical works and 18 children; his great-grandson Otto, by contrast, produced 907 works but zero children.

His son, Otto Wilhelm von Struve (1819–1905) succeeded him as director (1862–89) of the Pulkovo Observatory.

References

Other websites

1793 births
1864 deaths
Russian astronomers
Mario Party is a series of video games made by Nintendo. The idea of each game is that Mario and his friends must travel across a game board and earn stars and coins. Each new game in the series contains new characters, playing boards, and mini-games. Every few turns, each character must participate in a mini-game. The winner generally gets 10 coins.

Titles in the series

Home console games

Handheld games

Playable characters
Mario
Luigi
Princess Peach
Yoshi
Wario
Donkey Kong
Princess Daisy
Waluigi
Toad
Boo
Koopa Kid
Toadette
Birdo
Dry Bones
Blooper
Hammer Bro
Shy Guy
Koopa
Kamek
Rosalina
Bowser Jr.
Spike
Diddy Kong
Bowser
Goomba
Monty Mole
Pom Pom

References
 

Mario Party games
Helsinki () is the capital city of Finland. Helsinki is the largest city in Finland. 604,380 (31.12.2012) people live in Helsinki, and 1,360,000 live in the Helsinki metropolitan area.

Helsinki is in the south of Finland, on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. The city is in the Uusimaa region. When one looks from Helsinki, Tallinn is on the opposite side of the sea, but it is too far away to see. A poetic name for Helsinki is "the daughter of the Baltic Sea".

History 
In 1550, Swedish king Gustav Vasa commanded people to build a new city and move there. His idea was to build a new place to trade, which would be more popular than Tallinn. The idea did not work well, and many people returned from Helsinki to their homes. Later Sweden built the fortress Suomenlinna in Helsinki. After Russia had taken Finland from Sweden in several wars, they started developing Helsinki. Helsinki became the capital of autonomous province of Finland. When Finland became independent in 1917, Helsinki stayed as the capital city.
Geography 
Helsinki spreads around several bays and over several islands. Some famous islands include Seurasaari, Lauttasaari and Korkeasaari - which is also the country's biggest zoo - as well as the fortress island of Suomenlinna (Sveaborg).

The metropolitan area of Greater Helsinki also includes two of Finland's biggest cities, Espoo to the west of Helsinki, and Vantaa to the north. These two cities, along with Helsinki itself and the small town of Kauniainen (which is in fact surrounded by Espoo), make up the Capital Region (Pääkaupunkiseutu in Finnish or Huvudstadsregionen in Swedish). There are other towns nearby that are part of Greater Helsinki, including Järvenpää, Kerava, Tuusula, Nurmijärvi, Sipoo, Kirkkonummi, Mäntsälä and Vihti. They have become popular places for Helsinki commuters to live.
Transport 
The public transportation network in Helsinki and its area consists of
many bus routes serving most of the region. They are operated by different companies under contract to HSL.
one metro line (with two branches) between Helsinki and its eastern suburbs. The line first opened in 1982 and was extended to Espoo in 2017.
eleven tram lines, located mostly in the city centre. A light rail line serving the northern suburbs has been planned and construction will begin in 2019.
several commuter trains between Helsinki and nearby cities. Some lines go as far as Lahti, Riihimäki and Karis.

Helsinki Airport is located in Vantaa about 20 kilometers north of Helsinki city center. The airport offers both domestic flights within Finland and international flights to Europe, Asia and North America.

Helsinki offers several boat services to Tallinn and Stockholm every day, along with ferries to places including the island of Suomenlinna.

Gallery

References

Other websites
Other websites 

 City of Helsinki web site - English version 
 City portal of Helsinki - English version
 Finland Travel Community 
 WorldFlicks in Helsinki: Photos and interesting places on Google Maps 

 
Olympic cities
1550s establishments in Europe
16th-century establishments in Finland
1550 establishments
Jehovah's Witnesses is a religious group with more than eight million members around the world. They believe that God, who they call Jehovah, will end crime, violence, sickness and death by destroying all badness in the world. They say God's kingdom will restore God's original purpose for the earth: bringing about peace for all humans who live by Bible standards.

In the 1870s, a preacher named Charles Taze Russell started a Bible study group in Pennsylvania in 1876, which became known as the Bible Students. They started a religious magazine called The Watchtower. After Russell died, Joseph Franklin Rutherford took over, and the Bible Students who stayed with him became known as Jehovah's Witnesses in 1931.
Some of their beliefs, especially about who God is and what his plans are for humans and the earth, are different from what is taught in most Christian churches. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that only 144,000 people will go to heaven and that all the other people who obey God will live forever in paradise on earth. They do not believe that God is a Trinity. They believe Jesus died on a single pole rather than a cross. They do not use images or symbols such as the cross. They teach that when people die, they remain in the grave until God resurrects them in the future when God's kingdom rules over earth.

Jehovah's Witnesses are best known for preaching from door-to-door and in other public places, and offering their magazines, The Watchtower and Awake! They are also well known for refusing to join armies and refusing blood transfusions.
History 
In 1870 a young clothing shop owner named Charles Taze Russell heard an Adventist preacher speak. The preacher said the Bible contained clues that showed God was about to set up a kingdom, or government, over earth. He said the kingdom, which is mentioned in the New Testament of the Bible, would be based in heaven, and it would completely change the way of life for everyone in the world. Russell studied that preacher's teachings and looked through the Bible, and he ended up with some new beliefs.
Beginnings 
Using various Bible verses and events from history, Russell decided that God would soon call a group of "saints" to heaven to be kings there. Other faithful Christians who had since died would also make up a total of 144,000 kings in heaven. Churches at the time taught that humans were still waiting for Jesus to return to earth in his Second Coming, but Russell believed that Jesus returned in 1874. Russell believed that God would start Armageddon in 1914, starting with a complete breakdown of law and order on earth, when governments and people would fight among themselves. He believed that God would then end sickness and death and allow obedient Christians to live forever in perfect health.
Russell believed it was very important that all Christians, including those who were attending churches, should learn those "truths". He believed these "truths" had been hidden in the Bible for thousands of years. He started a publishing company called the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. He wrote several books, set up Bible study classes for people to study his teachings, and started a magazine, Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence, which taught that Christ was already present.

A new president  
By the time Russell died in 1916, he had written 50,000 pages, with almost 20 million copies of his books printed and distributed around the world. Joseph Franklin Rutherford, one of his followers, took Russell's position as president of the Watch Tower Society.
Punishment and discrimination 
Some of the new teachings resulted in suffering for many Jehovah's Witnesses. Thousands were sent to prison, beaten or killed in several countries during World War II because they refused to fight. In Germany, many were sent to concentration camps because they would not support the Nazi Party. Later, in the United States, many of their children were expelled from schools because they refused to salute the flag. Some countries still have laws against members practicing the religion. By 1977 they had more than two million members around the world.
Armageddon expected in 1975 
From 1966, the religion suggested that God could bring Armageddon in 1975, and that the kingdom would be set up very soon after. Some Witnesses sold businesses and homes, gave up jobs, delayed medical operations and decided against starting a family because they expected Armageddon to arrive. Many members who assumed Armageddon would come in 1975 left at the time, but many other people joined and the group kept growing.

Beliefs
Beliefs

One God 
Like Jews, Muslims, as well as other Christians, Jehovah's Witnesses believe there is an all-powerful, all-knowing God who created everything. They also have some beliefs that are different from most Christians. They call God Jehovah (a translation of the Hebrew letters "YHWH") and they believe it is important to use that name. They believe Jesus is God's son, the first angel, and that he is also called Michael the Archangel. They say the holy spirit is God's power rather than a person. They do not believe in the Trinity. They believe the Bible is a book that God used humans to write and that it is completely true and the best guide for how people should live.
Adam and Eve 
Jehovah's Witnesses believe that God made Adam and Eve, the first humans, and put them in a garden called Eden. They believe that when Adam and Eve sinned, they no longer had God's approval so they began to get sick and die. They were not perfect anymore and could not have perfect children. They believe that Jehovah later sent Jesus to die on a pole (not a cross, as most Christians believe) to forgive people's sins.
Heaven 
Jehovah's Witnesses believe that only 144,000 people, a number found in Revelation chapters 7 and 14, will go to heaven to be kings and priests with Jesus. They say God will start a worldwide war called Armageddon, and the people who do not obey God or worship him the way he expects will be killed. The people who he approves will survive and be given the chance to live forever. Then God will begin to turn earth into a paradise without crime, sickness, pain, aging, wars or death. They say God will also bring back billions of people who died in the past so they can learn about God and possibly live in paradise as well.

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that only their religion really obeys God's instructions and that God does not approve of any other religions. They believe that Satan the Devil is the real leader of all other religions and makes them think they worship God the right way. So they believe that only Jehovah's Witnesses will be saved at Armageddon, but they say God will make the final choice.
What they do

Door-to-door work 

Jehovah's Witnesses are best known for their door-to-door preaching. They believe Jesus ordered them at Matthew 28:19 to "go make disciples of all the nations", warning people that the day of God's judgement, or Armageddon, will happen soon. Jehovah's Witnesses believe their preaching is a fulfillment of a prophecy at Matthew 24:14, "And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come." All Witnesses are told to spend as much time as they can in public preaching work, usually offering The Watchtower and other Watch Tower Society publications. Since the Internet, Jehovah's Witnesses also preach online. They teach people their beliefs about Jehovah and his plans for the earth. Members are told to give a monthly written report on how much time they have spent publicly preaching.
Meetings 
The buildings where Jehovah's Witnesses meet to worship are called Kingdom Halls. Unlike many other churches, these halls do not have altars, statues, or symbols such as the cross. Each congregation has two meetings each week, which are open to the public: 
 The midweek Christian Life and Ministry meeting
 The weekend Public Talk and Watchtower study

Members unable to attend can also listen to the meeting over the phone or by video streaming where available. They also attend one large convention and two smaller assemblies each year (some of them at hired sports arenas), where hundreds or thousands of members gather.
At their meetings, they consider what the Watch Tower Society says about the Bible and how to apply its teachings in life. At some meetings, people in the audience are invited to answer questions and make comments. The religion has elders who "take the lead" and ministerial servants who have various duties. They do not dress differently to other members and they are not paid. Most elders support themselves with their own jobs outside the religion.

Rules 
Members of the religion are expected to live up to high moral standards based on how they understand the Bible. They are told they should always be honest and obey the laws where they live (unless the law says not to follow their religion).
There are many things that are against the rules for Jehovah's Witnesses, including: 
 Sex before marriage (fornication)
 Adultery
 Having an abortion
 Polygamy, Polyandry, or Polyamorous relationships
 Homosexual relationships
 Pornography
 Smoking tobacco or taking illegal drugs (they can drink alcohol in moderation, but not getting drunk)
 Voting in elections or taking sides in politics
 Saluting flags or singing national anthems
 Joining the military or fighting in wars
 Carrying weapons or becoming policemen who carry firearms
 Training in martial arts or self-defence
 Celebrating birthdays, Christmas, Easter, or other common political, historical or religious holidays
 Having a blood transfusion

Vaccines and most medical treatments or surgeries are allowed as a personal decision.
Jehovah's Witnesses are told to marry only other baptized Jehovah's Witnesses. They believe God does not approve of divorce unless the husband or wife cheated. They can legally separate from a partner who hurt their family or refused to support them, but they would not be allowed to marry someone while they are still legally married. They believe that when a spouse dies, the living widow or widower is allowed to remarry if they want to. Jehovah's Witnesses are not meant to make close friends with non-Witnesses because it could make it more difficult to follow their religion.
Membership 
Jehovah's Witnesses are strict about who can be a member. They only count people as members if they are baptized (or getting ready to be baptized) and they preach each month.. Like other Christian groups, they believe baptism represents devotion to God and their promise to live by his teachings. Unlike some Christian groups, Witnesses are not baptized as babies. There is no set age required for baptism, but they believe baptism should be a choice made by someone who is willing and understands what it means. However, it is common for young children and teenagers to be baptized.
Members may also resign from the religion, which is called "disassociating". This can happen by writing a letter, or if the elders decide the person has taken an action that is not allowed such as having a blood transfusion. People who "disassociate" are treated the same as a person who is "disfellowshipped".

Some people, including former Witnesses, have criticized these punishments as harsh and unfair. The style of leadership of the group has also been described by some authors as autocratic and totalitarian, because members have to be completely submissive to the organization.

References

Other websites

Official 
 Official Website
 JW Broadcasting

 Jehovah's Witnesses' brochures about the name Jehovah 
 Does God Have a Name?
 Does God Have a Name? (video)
 The Divine Name in the Hebrew Scriptures

 
1930s establishments in the United States
A wife is a married woman. "Married" means that the law says two people are legally "joined". During the marriage ceremony, the wife is called the bride.

In countries and times it has been different how many wives a man can have legally. In old times there were no limitations in some countries. In Christianity and Judaism a husband (a married man) can have one wife (monogamy). In Islam a husband can have up to four wives (polygamy).

There are some names for special kinds of wives. For example,
a queen is a wife of a king. 

A man whose wife is deceased is called a widower.

Related pages
 Marriage
 Husband
 Homemaker
 Divorce

Family
Marriage
Catherine Parr (alternatively Katherine or Kateryn)  (c. August 1512 – 5 September 1548) was Queen of England and of Ireland (1543–47). She was the last of the six wives of King Henry VIII.  She married him on 12 July 1543, and outlived him by one year.  She was also the most-married English queen, with four husbands. She was also the first woman to be queen of both England and Ireland.

Catherine had a close relationship with Henry's three children. She personally helped teach school for Elizabeth and Edward, both of whom became English monarchs. She helped get the Third Succession Act in 1543 passed. This placed Mary I and Elizabeth I, back into the line of succession to the British throne.

Henry died on 28 January 1547. Six months after Henry's death, she married her fourth and final husband, Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley.
Catherine gave birth to her only child — a daughter, Mary Seymour. She was named after Catherine's stepdaughter Mary – on 30 August 1548. She died only six days later, on 5 September 1548, at Sudeley Castle in Gloucestershire, from what was probably childbed fever (sepsis). This was common at that time, because births did not happen in clean conditions. 

Many years later, in 1782, the coffin of Queen Catherine was found in the ruins of the Sudeley Castle chapel.

References

Further reading 
 
 
 
 

1512 births
1548 deaths
English Anglicans
English Roman Catholics
Former Roman Catholics
Kings and Queens consort of England
Royalty from London
Queen are a British rock band. It was formed in Baselstone in 1970. They are among the most commercially successful bands in history. They have sold over 300 million albums worldwide. The first members of the band were Freddie Mercury (lead vocals, piano), Brian May (lead guitar, vocals), Roger Taylor (drums, vocals), and John Deacon (bass guitar). their current guest lead singer is Adam Lambert.

Freddie Mercury died of an AIDS-related bronchopneumonia on November 24, 1991 aged 45. In 1997 John Deacon retired to spend more time with his family. The other two former members toured with Paul Rodgers from 2005 to 2009. In December 2018 it was announced Queen & Lambert will bring its Rhapsody Tour to The Forum in 2019. Three of their biggest hits were "Bohemian Rhapsody”, "We Will Rock You", and "We Are the Champions".
With his friend Tim Staffell, Brian May started a band called 1984 in the mid-1960s. The band broke up after a little bit and then May decided to make another band and teamed up with two other college students named Tim Staffell and Roger Taylor. They called themselves "Smile" with Roger Taylor on drums and vocals, Tim Staffell on vocals and bass and Brian May on guitar and vocals. They did a few hits such as "April Lady". Tim Staffell became friends with another college student, Farrokh Bulsara (to be later known as Freddie Mercury) and Farrokh became a big fan of Smile and encouraged them a lot. Later on, Tim left Smile to join Humpy Bongs and Farrokh Bulsara subsequently joined the band on vocals and piano in 1970. Then Farrokh came up with the name Queen, so they changed it from "Smile" to "Queen". They then started auditions for a new bassist. They were going through several bassists during this time and none of them stuck, only lasting for about a few minutes
. None of the auditioners managed to suit the place of the new bassist, but finally in 1971, they settled on John Deacon. Queen's first album was released in 1973 and it was called Queen with songs such as "Seven Seas of Rhye" and "Liar". Farrokh Bulsara changed his name to Freddie Mercury after the lyrics "Mother Mercury, look what they've done to me" in "My Fairy King".
Personnel
Current member
 Brian May – lead guitar, vocals (1970–present)
 Roger Taylor – drums, vocals (1970–present)

Deceased members
 Freddie Mercury – vocals, piano (1970–1991)

Past members
 John Deacon – bass guitar (1971–1997)

Guest members
 Paul Rodgers – vocals (2004–2009)
 Adam Lambert – vocals (2009–present)
Album Hits
Queen – "Keep Yourself Alive" – 1973
Queen II – "Seven Seas of Rhye"– 1974
Sheer Heart Attack – "Killer Queen" – 1974
A Night at The Opera – "Bohemian Rhapsody", "You're My Best Friend", "I'm In Love With My Car "– 1975
A Day at the Races – "Somebody to Love", "Good Old Fashioned Lover Boy" – 1976
News of the World – "We Are The Champions" / " We Will Rock You" (Double A side single) – 1977
Jazz – "Bicycle Race" / "Fat Bottomed Girls" (Double A side single), "Don't Stop Me Now"– 1978
The Game – "Another One Bites the Dust", "Crazy Little Thing Called Love"– 1980
Flash Gordon – "Flash's Theme" – 1980
Hot Space – "Under Pressure" – 1982
The Works – "Radio Ga Ga", "I Want To Break Free", "Hammer To Fall"– 1984
A Kind of Magic – "One Vision", "A Kind of Magic", "Who Wants to Live Forever"– 1986
The Miracle – "I Want It All"– 1989
Innuendo – "The Show Must Go On", "These Are the Days of Our Lives"– 1991
Made in Heaven – "Heaven For Everyone" – 1995
The Cosmos Rocks – "C-lebrity"– 2008
Studio albums 
Queen (1973)
Queen II (1974)
Sheer Heart Attack (1974)
A Night at the Opera (1975)
A Day at the Races (1976)
News of the World (1977)
Jazz (1978)
The Game (1980)
Flash Gordon (1980)
Hot Space (1982)
The Works (1984)
A Kind of Magic (1986)
The Miracle (1989)
Innuendo (1991)
Made in Heaven (1995)

References 

one of the best bands in the 60s and 70s

1970 establishments in England
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English rock bands
Musical groups established in 1970
Musical groups from London
Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel were an American folk and rock music duo. They were two childhood friends, who became famous in the 1960s. Their songs, including "Mrs. Robinson", "So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright", "The Sound of Silence", and "Bridge Over Troubled Water", all composed by Simon, are still popular to this day.

Their free concert in New York City's Central Park in 1981 was the biggest concert ever, with 500,000 people (about the same number as Woodstock).

The band broke up in 1970.

Albums 
 Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.
 Sounds of Silence
 Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme
 Bookends
 Bridge Over Troubled Water
 Greatest Hits
 The Concert in Central Park

Sources

Musical groups from New York City
American rock bands
Folk music groups
Madagascar is a large island nation in the Indian Ocean. It is off of the east coast of Africa. Twenty-two million people live there; its capital is Antananarivo. It is the world's fourth largest island.

The official languages are Malagasy and French.

Pre-human history 
About two hundred million years ago, Madagascar was a part of a huge supercontinent called Pangaea. When this broke up, Madagascar was attached to what is now India. Madagascar would later break away from India and became closer to Africa. 

The long history of separation from other continents has allowed plants and animals on the island to evolve in relative isolation. Many of its animals came from Africa, because the island is closer to Africa than to India. Many of these endemic Malagasy animals have died out since the arrival of humans, particularly the megafauna.

Despite this, and massive deforestation, Madagascar is still home to an incredible array of wildlife. Most of the wildlife is unique.
Environment 
Madagascar is home to many species that were not known about until around 1679 when Dutch explorers went there. They do not even exist elsewhere in Africa. They only exist in Madagascar. In fact, most of the mammals living in Madagascar do not live anywhere else in the world. 

Many species in Madagascar are in danger because much of the forest has been cut down. Forests are cut down so the land can grow crops such as coffee, which is an important export crop for Madagascar.

Economy 
Agriculture is a big part of the economy in Madagascar, including the growing of coffee and vanilla. Madagascar sells more vanilla than any other country in the world. Madagascar also makes money from tourism.

Provinces 

In 2004 Madagascar was divided into 22 regions.  It used to be divided into 6 provinces.

Human history 
People have probably lived in Madagascar for at least 2000 years.
France took over the city of Antananarivo in 1895, and added Madagascar as a colony two years later. Madagascar became independent from France, which meant it became its own country, on 26 June, 1960. Philibert Tsiranana became the first president of Madagascar (1960-72).

Related pages
List of rivers of Madagascar
Madagascar at the Olympics
Madagascar national football team

References

Other websites
Photos of Madagascar  

 
 
Gondwana
Least developed countries
1960 establishments in Africa
A board game is a game usually played with pieces on a board, or some area with marked spaces.  

Most board games use pieces that may be moved, placed, or traded depending on the rules of the game. These pieces may be money, chips, pawns, or other objects. Board games may often involve some random chance with dice or cards.  There are many board games with a long history in some cultures.  Examples of these games are  chess, checkers, backgammon, parqués, and go. There are also a great number of popular board games that have been created more recently, in the past hundred years. Among these games are Scrabble and Monopoly. 

Chess, and most versions of checkers, are played on a 8x8 square board with 32 white squares and 32 black squares. International checkers is played on a 10x10 square board.
Older than chess, but not by much, is tafl (pronounced 'tabl'), later called "hneftafl". This is an old Norse board game with just two types of pieces. Its pieces, when found in Britain, have often been wrongly ascribed to chess. In chess, of course, the board is different, and there are six kinds of pieces.

References

Other websites

Information about thousands of different board games
Aerosmith is an American rock band, formed in 1970 in Boston, Massachusetts. They have released many popular songs, including "Walk This Way" and "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing". They have their own Guitar Hero video game called Guitar Hero: Aerosmith. Their lead singer is Steven Tyler.

List of albums

Studio albums 
 1973 - Aerosmith
 1974 - Get Your Wings
 1975 - Toys in the Attic
 1976 - Rocks
 1977 - Draw the Line
 1979 - Night in the Ruts
 1982 - Rock in a Hard Place
 1985 - Done with Mirrors
 1987 - Permanent Vacation
 1989 - Pump
 1993 - Get a Grip
 1997 - Nine Lives
 2001 - Just Push Play
 2012 - Music from Another Dimension!

Compilation and live albums 
 1980 - Aerosmith's Greatest Hits
 1994 - Big Ones
 1998 - A Little South of Sanity (Live)

References

Other websites 
 Aerosmith's official YouTube channel
1970 establishments in the United States
1970s establishments in Massachusetts
1970s American music groups
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
 
American rock bands
Musical groups established in 1970
Musical groups from Boston
Brighton is a city on the south coast of England. It was called "Brighthelmstone". It is in the county of East Sussex. In 2000, it joined Hove to become the city of Brighton & Hove. Historically, Brighton forms the main part of the Brighton/Worthing/Littlehampton conurbation, with 474,485 inhabitants (2011 census). This is England's 12th largest conurbation, and the mostly densely populated area outside London.

History 
From the 1730s, Brighton entered its second phase of development—one which brought a rapid improvement in its fortunes. The fad for bathing in seawater as a cure for illnesses was encouraged. From the 1760s it was a boarding point for boats travelling to France. Road transport to London was improved when the main road via Crawley was turnpiked in 1770. Spas and indoor baths were opened by physicians.
From 1780, development of Georgian terraced houses started. The fishing village developed to the fashionable resort of Brighton. Growth of the town was encouraged by the patronage of the Prince Regent (later King George IV) after his first visit in 1783. He spent much of his leisure time in the town, and had the Royal Pavilion built during the early part of his Regency.

The arrival of the London and Brighton Railway in 1841 brought Brighton within the reach of day-trippers from London. Some major attractions such as the West Pier and the Brighton Palace Pier were built for the growing number of tourists. The population grew from around 7,000 in 1801 to more than 120,000 by 1901.

In 1984, a Provisional Irish Republican Army bombing killed five people.

Modern-day Brighton is a centre for education, sports, and recreation. It has two universities: University of Sussex and the University of Brighton. It also has 54 other schools.
In 2003, the universities of Sussex and Brighton formed a medical school, known as Brighton and Sussex Medical School. Brighton has a thriving LGBT community and every year in the first weekend in  August Pride festivities are held.

Notable people  

 Dora Bryan - English actress
 Henry Thrale - English politician. Lived in West Street. His good friend, Samuel Johnson, often stayed at his home.
 Laurence Olivier - lived in the city for many years
 Martha Gunn - famous Brighton dipper and favourite of George IV
 Nick Cave - Australian musician,  been living in the city since the 1980s
 Rudyard Kipling - classical books author

References
Up to 1900 
 1303 - University of Rome La Sapienza is founded by Pope Boniface VIII.
 1453 – Last naval battle in Byzantine history, as three Genoese galleys escorting a Byzantine transport fight their way through the huge Ottoman blockade fleet into the Golden Horn.
 1534 – Jacques Cartier sets sail from France on an expedition that will take him to present-day Canada, including Labrador.
 1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump parliament.
 1657 – Freedom of religion is granted to Jews in New Amsterdam, present-day New York City.
 1689 - James II of England/James VII of Scotland lays siege to Derry in present-day Northern Ireland.
 1770 - Irekle II, King of Georgia, abandoned by his Russian ally Count Totleben, wins against Ottoman Empire forces at Aspindza.
 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Siege of Boston begins.
 1792 – France declares war on Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor.
 1810 – The Governor of Caracas (Venezuela), declares independence from Spain.
1828 – René Caillié becomes the first non-Muslim to enter Timbuktu.
 1836 - United States Congress passes the act creating the Wisconsin territory.
 1862 – Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard complete the first pasteurization process.
 1876 - The April Uprising begins in Bulgaria.
 1887 – The first car race is held in France, on a course running from Paris to Versailles.
 1889 – Nazi leader Adolf Hitler is born in Braunau am Inn, Austria.
1901  2000 
 1902 – Marie Curie and Pierre Curie refine Radium.
 1912 – Baseball: The Tiger Stadium (Detroit) and Fenway Park (Boston) open.
 1914 - 19 people die in the Ludlow massacre in Colorado during a coal miners strike.
 1916 - In baseball, the Chicago Cubs play their first game at Weeghman Park, now called Wrigley Field, defeating the Cincinnati Reds 7-6.
 1920 – The 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp begin.
 1922 - The Soviet government creates the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast within the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.
 1939 - Billie Holiday records the first civil rights song Strange Fruit.
 1944 - Dutch freighter Voorbode explodes in the harbor of Bergen, Norway, killing 150 people.
 1945 – World War II: US troops capture Leipzig, which is later handed to Soviet forces.
 1945 – World War II: At the Führerbunker, Adolf Hitler makes his last outside appearance, handing Iron Cross medals to members of the Hitler Youth on his 56th birthday.
1946 - The League of Nations officially dissolves, giving most of its powers to the United Nations.
 1947 – King Christian X of Denmark dies. King Frederick IX of Denmark succeeds him.
 1951 - Dan Gavriliu performs the first surgical replacement of a human organ.
 1964 – The British TV Channel BBC Two begins transmission, but a power cut occurs, due to a fire at Battersea Power Station in London.
 1967 - A Globe Air plane crashes against a mountain near Nicosia, Cyprus, killing 126 people.
 1968 - A South African Airways plane crashes shortly after take-off from Windhoek, Namibia, killing 129 people.
 1968 - Pierre Trudeau becomes Prime Minister of Canada.
 1968 – British politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech, in which he calls for tighter immigration controls.
 1972 – Apollo 16 lands on the Moon.
 1978 – Korean Air Flight 902 is shot down by the Soviets.
 1986 – Vladimir Horowitz performs in Russia for the first time in 61 years.
1986 - Chicago Bulls basketball star Michael Jordan scores a playoff record 63 points in a single game, against the Boston Celtics.
 1989 – Scientists announce that an Asteroid has narrowly missed hitting the Earth.
 1992 - Surviving members of the band Queen hold a tribute concert to Freddie Mercury at Wembley Stadium.
 1998 – The Red Army Faction announces an end to its operations.
 1999 – Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, two teenagers, go on a shooting spree at Columbine High School, near Littleton, Colorado.
From 2001 
 2005 – In Ecuador, President Lucio Gutiérrez is removed by Parliament and replaced by Alfredo Palacio.
 2007 - Johnson Space Center shooting: A man with a handgun barricades himself in the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, and kills a male hostage before killing himself.
 2008 – Danica Patrick wins the Indy Japan 300, becoming the first woman to win an Indy car race.
 2010 – Deepwater Horizon oil spill: An explosion occurs on the Deepwater Horizon Oil rig, near Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico, killing 11 people, and causing the worst Oil spill in US history.
 2011 – Photojournalist Tim Hetherington and journalist Chris Hondros are killed in Libya during the 2011 Libyan civil war.
 2012 - A Bhoja Air plane crashes near Islamabad, Pakistan, killing 127 people.
 2013 - At least 160 people are killed after an earthquake of over magnitude 6 strikes Sichuan province in China.
2013 - Giorgio Napolitano is elected to a second term as President of Italy. It is the first time that an Italian President has been elected to a second term in office.
 2017 - In Paris, shooting toward police officers killed one officer and the attacker.
Up to 1900 
 570 – Muhammad the Prophet, founder of Islam (d. 632)
 1492 - Pietro Aretino, Italian writer and poet (d. 1556)
 1494 – Johannes Agricola, German religious reformer (d. 1566)
 1586 – Saint Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint (d. 1617)
 1633 – Emperor Go-Komyo, Emperor of Japan (d. 1654)
 1723 - Cornelius Harnett, American merchant, farmer and statesman (d. 1781)
 1745 - Philippe Pinel, French physician (d. 1826)
 1748 – Georg Michael Telemann, German composer (d. 1839)
 1808 – Emperor Napoleon III of France (d. 1873)
 1809 - James David Forbes, Scottish physicist and glaciologist (d. 1868)
 1818 - Albrecht von Stosch, German general and admiral (d. 1896)
 1839 – King Carol I of Romania (d. 1914)
 1842 - John Murphy Farley, Irish-American cardinal (d. 1918)
 1850 - Daniel Chester French, American sculptor (d. 1931)
 1851 – Torakusu Yamaha, Japanese entrepreneur (d. 1916)
 1851 – Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (d. 1875)
 1851 - Eduardo Acevedo Díaz, Uruguayan writer and politician (d. 1921)
1852 - John Murphy Farley, Archbishop of New York and cardinal (d. 1918)
 1855 – Inukai Tsuyoshi, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1932)
 1859 - Vincenzo Cerulli, Italian astronomer (d. 1927)
 1860 - Pieter Jelles Troelstra, Dutch-Frisian poet and politician (d. 1930)
 1871 - Sydney Chapman, British economist (d. 1951)
 1871 - Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, Croatian engineer and inventor (d. 1972)
 1875 - Vladimir Vidric, Croatian poet (d. 1989)
 1879 - Paul Poiret, French fashion designer (d. 1944)
 1884 – Daniel Varujan, Armenian poet (d. 1915)
 1884 – Princess Beatrice of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1966)
 1889 – Adolf Hitler, Nazi leader (d. 1945)
 1890 – Adolf Schaerf, President of Austria (d. 1965)
 1890 – Maurice Duplessis, Premier of Quebec (d. 1959)
 1893 – Joan Miró, Spanish painter (d. 1983)
 1893 – Edna Parker, American supercentenarian, oldest person in the world at the time of her death (d. 2008)
 1893 – Harold Lloyd, American actor (d. 1971)
1895 - Emile Christian, American jazz musician (d. 1973)
 1896 - Wop May, Canadian pilot and captain (d. 1952)
1901  1950 
 1904 – Bruce Cabot, American actor (d. 1972)
 1904 - George Stibitz, American scientist (d. 1995)
 1908 - Lionel Hampton, American jazz musician, bandleader and actor (d. 2002)
 1910 – Robert F. Wagner, Jr., Mayor of New York City (d. 1991)
 1911 – Kukrit Pramoj, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 1995)
 1913 - Roger Rochard, French long-distance runner (d. 1993)
 1914 - Betty Lou Gerson, American actress (d. 1999)
 1918 – Kai Siegbahn, Swedish physicist (d. 2007)
 1920 – John Paul Stevens, American jurist (d. 2019)
 1923 - Mother Angelica, American nun and broadcaster (d. 2016)
 1923 - Tito Puente, American jazz musician and producer (d. 2000)
 1923 - Jorge Romo, Mexican footballer (d. 2014)
 1924 – Leslie Phillips, British actor
 1924 - Nina Foch, Dutch-American actress (d. 2008)
 1925 - Elena Verdugo, American actress (d. 2017)
 1927 – Karl Alexander Müller, Swiss physicist
 1927 – Phil Hill, American racing driver (d. 2008)
 1928 - Robert Byrne, American chess player (d. 2013)
1928 - Arvo Kruusement, Estonian movie director
 1930 - Dwight Gustafson, American composer and conductor (d. 2014)
 1935 - Mario Camus, Spanish screenwriter and movie director
 1936 – Pat Roberts, United States Senator
 1936 - Pauli Ellefsen, 6th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 2012)
 1937 – Jiri Dienstbier, Czech politician and journalist (d. 2011)
 1937 – George Takei, American actor
 1938 - Betty Cuthbert, Australian athlete (d. 2017)
 1938 - Igor Sergeyev, Marshal of the Russian Federation (d. 2006)
 1938 – Peter Snow, British broadcaster
 1939 - Peter S. Beagle, American writer
 1939 – Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Prime Minister of Norway
 1939 - Wayson Choy, Canadian writer (d. 2019)
 1940 - James Gammon, American actor (d. 2010)
 1941 - Ryan O'Neal, American actor
 1942 – Arto Paasilinna, Finnish writer (d. 2018)
 1943 – Alan Beith, British politician, former MP for Berwick-upon-Tweed
 1943 - John Eliot Gardiner, British conductor
 1943 – Edie Sedgwick, American actress (d. 1971)
1945 - Michael Brandon, American actor
 1945 - Gregory Olsen, American entrepreneur
 1945 - Gerry Steinberg, English politician (d. 2015)
 1945 - Thein Sein, President of Burma
 1946 – Sabine Bergmann-Pohl, German politician
 1947 - David Leland, British director, actor and screenwriter
 1947 - Björn Skifs, Swedish singer-songwriter, actor and screenwriter
 1949 – Massimo D'Alema, former Prime Minister of Italy
 1949 – Aleksandr Maltsev, Russian ice hockey player
 1949 – Jessica Lange, American actress
 1949 – Toller Cranston, Canadian figure skater (d. 2015)
 1949 - Paul Heiney, English journalist
 1950 - N. Chandrababu Naidu, Indian politician, 13th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
 1950 – Alexander Lebed, Russian general and politician (d. 2002)
 1950 - Ibrahim Yusri, Egyptian actor (d. 2015)