Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Merrill Swain is a professor emerita of second-language education at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. She developed the output hypothesis. This idea about second-language acquisition says that learners cannot become very good at the grammar of a language only by taking in language and trying to understand it. They must also speak to learn. Swain also worked with Michael Canale on communicative competence. Swain was the president of the American Association for Applied Linguistics in 1998.  She received her PhD at the University of California.

Related pages 
List of women linguists

References

Other websites 
 Merrill Swain at the Ontario Institute of Studies in Education

Living people
Bilingualism and second language acquisition researchers
Academics of the University of Toronto
Linguists
A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field.

It is known as the largest and the most powerful type of magnet existing in the Universe.  It has the most powerful magnetic field at 1015 gauss.  The theory regarding these objects was proposed by Robert Duncan and Christopher Thompson in 1992, but the first recorded gamma ray burst thought to have been from a magnetar had been detected on March 5, 1979.  Magnetars were previously named as Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs). 

Types of stars
Ravindra Prabhat (born April 5, 1969) is a Hindi-language poet, scholar, journalist, novelist and short story writer from India. He has been an administrator, editor, researcher, and screenplay writer. He writes for a major daily newspaper as a historian. He has received several awards.

Bibliography

Books
Fiction
Taki Bacha Rahe Loktantra(2011)  (Hindi)
Prem Na Hat Bikay (2012)  (Hindi)
Dharati Pakad Nirdaliya (2013)  (Hindi)

Non-fiction
Contemporary Nepali Literature (critical writings,essays and interviews,1995)
History of Hindi Blogging (2011)  (Hindi)
Contributor to Hindi Blogging: Expression of new revolution (2011) 

Documentaries
Naya Bihan (Screen Play Writer, 1992) television documentary film on Women's Education under the UNESCO related plan of Unit of Sitamarhi District in "Bihar Education Project".

Poetry collections
Ham Safar (1991) (his first poetry collection) 
Mat Rona Ramjani Chacha (1999)
Smriti Shesh (2002)
Magazines
Urvija 1992 to 1995. Published at Sitamarhi, Bihar in India.
 Fagunahat, 1990 to 1992a yearly magazine published at Sitamarhi, Bihar in India.
Samvad, 1993, editor of a special issue of this monthly magazine, whose principal editor was Basant Arya.
Sahityanjali, 1994. editor of a special issue of this monthly magazine, whose principal editor was Madhvendra Verma.
Hamari Vani 2010, a Hindi e-journal. he was consulting editor for the year 2010.
Parikalpna Blogotsav, 2012 - . He is chief editor of this Internet web journal.
Vatvriksh, May 2011 to May 2013. A Hindi magazine published in Lucknow. He is chief editor.
Parikalpana Samay, June 2013 - A monthly Hindi magazine published in Lucknow. He is chief editor.

Adaptations of Prabhat's works
Dr. Siyaram written a Book on Prabhat's works-
Ravindra Prabhat Ki Parikalpana aur Blog alochana karm(2017)  (Hindi)

Notes 

1969 births
Indian poets
Indian journalists
Living people
Negligent homicide is the crime of killing a person unintentionally through negligence. For example, someone might write a text message while driving a car, instead of paying attention to the road. If that makes them hit and kill someone, that is negligent homicide.

It is a lesser crime than murder or manslaughter and the sentences are lower.

References

Types of crime
The term crime of passion refers to a criminal act in which the perpetrator commits a crime against someone else due to strong impulse (for example, grief or heartbreak) rather than in the premeditated fashion. For example, the wife may take her revenge on a person with whom a husband may have had an affair, or vice versa. This is known by the term temporary insanity in the United States. 

Crime
A chancellor is a leader of a university or a college. This title is mainly used in the Commonwealth nations. In other countries, such as the United States, it is more common to call him/her the university president.

The chancellor is often just a ceremonial figure. This means he or she does not make many decisions inside the University. He/She is just a person who is chosen to represent the University at official events and with other organizations. In this case, the Chancellor might not even live close to the University or take part in meetings there. For example, at the University of Cambridge the chancellor is a person who has done something important in his life, and is in some way connected to the University. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh was the Chancellor at Cambridge for 36 years.
Vice-chancellor 
The vice-chancellor of a university is instead the chief executive. He/She is the one that makes all the decisions, goes at regular meetings and has the day-to-day duties to do. The vice-chancellor is often very closely linked to the University: for example, he/she might be a fellow there, who decides to take on additional responsibilities. The vice-chancellor might also represent the university at important events if the chancellor is not available.

References 

Titles
Colleges and universities
The neck is the part of the body that connects the head to the trunk. 

The neck contains the cervical spine (the bones in the neck) many important blood vessels, the trachea (through which breathing is done) the larynx (where the voice comes from) the esophagus, lymph nodes, muscles, nerves, connective tissue, and skin. Blood vessels include Carotid artery and Jugular vein.
The white-headed capuchin (Cebus capucinus) is a medium-sized New World monkey. It is a member of the family Cebidae and the subfamily Cebinae. The monkey is also known as the white-faced capuchin or the white-throated capuchin. It lives in the forests of Central America and the northwestern part of South America. The white-headed Capuchin is important to rain forests because it spreads seeds and pollen.

It is a very intelligent monkey that has been trained to assist paraplegic people.

The monkey is medium-sized. It can weigh up to . Their color is mostly black. They have a pink face. They also have white on the front part of the body. It has a prehensile coiled tail. It is used to help support the monkey on a branch.
The white-headed capuchin can eat many different types of food. These include fruit, plants, insects and small vertebrates. The monkey lives in troops. (groups) these groups can have more than 20 animals, both males and females.  the animal is noted for its ability to use tools. They are known to rub plants on their fur as a herbal medicine. They can also use tools as weapons and for getting food. The monkey is known to live for over 54 years.

Taxonomy

The white-headed Capuchin was first described by Carolus Linnaeus in his 18th century work, Systema Naturae. It is a member of the family Cebidae. It is part of the family of New World monkeys. It is part of the genus Cebus. It is part of the C. capucinus species group. 

Some scientists think there are three subspecies of white-headed Capuchin:
 C. c. capucinus
 C. c. imitator
 C. c. limitaneus
Physical description
The white-headed Capuchin has mostly black fur. It has white or yellow fur on the neck, throat, chest, shoulders, and upper arms.  The face is pink or a white-cream color. The face can have marks like dark brows or dark fur patches. There is also an area of black fur on the top of the head.

The body of an adult monkeys can be between  in length plus the tail. They can weight of up to .  The tail can be as long as  . Males are larger than females.

Diet 

The white-headed capuchin is an omnivore.  Its mainly eats fruit and insects.  It find food at all levels of the forest. It also finds food on the ground.  To find food, it uses many methods. These include taking the bark off of trees, searching through leaf litter, breaking dead tree branches and rolling over rocks. They also use stones to break open hard fruits.
Fruit is between 50% and 67% or more of their diet.  In one study, white-headed capuchins ate 95 different fruit species.  Its favorite fruits includefigs from the family Moraceae, mangos and related fruits from the family Anacardiaceae and fruits from the family Rubiaceae.  It normally only eats ripe fruit.  It typically eats only the pulp and juice. The monkey spits out the seeds and fibers.  It also east flowers, young leaves and bromeliads.  The bromelids are also used as a water source.  

The insects they eat include beetle larvae, butterfly and moth caterpillars, ants, and wasps. They also eat the larvae of  and ants and wasps.  It eats larger animals such as birds, bird eggs, frogs, lizards, crabs and mollusks.  The amount of vertebrates eaten is different for each troop.  Even troops ;icing next to each other can have large differences in their diets.
The diet can vary between the rainy and dry season.  Some tribes will eat many types of fruits in the rainy season  and during the dry season, they eat mostly  insects, ant and wasp larvae and vertebrates.  Access to water can also be a problem during the dry season.  The white-headed capuchin likes to drink every day. In forests where water holes dry up, there can be competition between troops over water holes.

Reproduction 
The white-headed Capuchin has a polygamous mating system. The male mates with many females. The dominant male is normally the father of most of the young.  Dominant males avoid breeding with their own daughters who are members of the troop. This is rare among New World monkeys.
The gestation period is 5 to 6 months. A single young is normally born from each pregnancy. Twins can sometimes be born. Most births happen from December to April. The baby is carried on the mother's back for about 6 weeks.  After 4 to 5 weeks the baby can get off from its mother's back for a short period of time. At 3 months, it can move around by itself. Weaning happens between 6 and 12 months. It is common for Capuchins other than the mother help care for the infant. Males and females engage in this alloparenting.

The white-headed Capuchin matures slowly. It  takes 3 years for a capuchin to reach sexual maturity. Females normally give birth for the first time at 7 years old. They give birth every 26 months. Males reach maturity at 10 years old.

Habitats
Habitats

The white-headed Capuchin lives in Central America and a small part of South America. In South America the white-headed Capuchin lives in the north-western part between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes Mountains in Colombia and Ecuador. It is one of the most commonly monkeys in Central America's national parks.

It is very common in Costa Rica and Panama, but the monkey has been thrown out from Honduras and much of Nicaragua. Many Honduran Capuchin monkeys were moved to the island of Roatán. Nany of the Nicaraguan Capuchin monkeys were captured and moved to the island of Ometepe.

References

Other websites

Use of a club by a wild white-faced capuchin to attack a venomous snake 

New World monkeys
Mammals of North America
Mammals of South America
Barbara Acklin (February 28, 1943 – November 27, 1998) was an American soul singer and songwriter. She was very popular in the 1960s and 1970s. She had several hit singles, including "Love Makes a Woman". She was born in Oakland, California and raised in Chicago. Acklin later moved to Omaha, Nebraska. She died there from pneumonia when she was 55.

African American musicians
Singer-songwriters from Chicago
1943 births
1998 deaths
Singer-songwriters from California
Singers from Oakland, California
Writers from Oakland, California
Lola Albright (July 20, 1924 – March 23, 2017) was an American actress. She has been in many movies. She was a fashion model before her acting career. Albright was born and raised in Akron, Ohio.

Albright died at her home in Toluca Lake, California on March 23, 2017, aged 92.

References

American movie actors
Actors from Ohio
1924 births
2017 deaths
Models from Ohio
Mary Martha Byrne (December 23, 1969) is an American television actress. She appears mostly in soap operas. She played Lily in As the World Turns. She played Andrea in General Hospital. She was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey.

References

People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
1969 births
Living people
Georges Appert (1850 – 1934) was a French historian, writer and Japan studies expert.  He was a professor of law at the University of Tokyo.

Career
Appert was a government advisor in Japan from 1879 to 1889.

Select works
In an overview of writings by and about Appert, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 26 works in 43 publications in 5 languages and 132 library holdings. Some of the works are:

  Ancien Japon, 1888
 Du terme en droit romain et en droit français, 1876
 Dictionnaire des termes de droit, d'économie politique et d'administration, 1885
 日本立法資料全集 (Japanese legislation Complete Works). 別卷 337, 佛國相續法講義 , 2005
 Un code de la féodalité Japonaise au XIIIe siècle, 1900
 経済学講義 (Economics lecture), 1883

Related pages
 Foreign advisors to the government in Meiji period Japan

References

1850 births
1934 deaths
Foreign advisors to the government in Meiji-period Japan
French Japanologists
French historians
Rosanne Cash (born May 24, 1955 ) is an American singer, songwriter and author. She originally did country music, but then expanded to pop, folk and rock music. Cash has had many hit songs during her singing career. She is the daughter of Johnny Cash. Rosanne Cash was born in Memphis, Tennessee.  She moved to Nashville in 1981, and New York City almost nine years later.

References

American singer-songwriters
singers from Memphis, Tennessee
1955 births
Living people
Semiotics of culture is a field of semiotics which explains the phenomena of culture as created by sign processes (semiosis) used in communication.

Semiotics of culture was established by Juri Lotman (University of Tartu) and his colleagues in Moscow and elsewhere.

Semiotics
Culture
Linguistics

es:Semiótica cultural
Carrie Rachel Brownstein (born September 27, 1974 ) is an American singer, guitarist and actor. She sings with the band Wild Flag. Brownstein plays indie and alternative rock music. Since 2011, she has acted on the sketch comedy television series Portlandia.

Brownstein was born in Seattle, Washington.  She grew up in Redmond, Washington and lives in Portland, Oregon. In 2010, she stated that she is bisexual.

References

Actors from Seattle
American guitarists
American LGBT people
American television actors
Bisexual people
LGBT actors
LGBT musicians
Singers from Seattle
1974 births
Living people
American bloggers
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a surgery where doctors put wires that can carry corrective electric signals inside a patient's brain. Electronic equipment located outside the brain can then send signals to specific parts of the person's brain. DBS is used to treat many diseases. DBS has been used to treat pain disorder, Parkinson's disease, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Tourette syndrome. The Food and Drug Administration approved DBS as a treatment for tremors in 1997, for Parkinson's disease in 2002, Tourette syndrome in 1999, and dystonia in 2003. DBS is helpful for most patients but there can be serious complications and side effects.

Applications

Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease is a neurological syndrome characterized by  tremor, hypokinesia, rigidity, and postural instability.  DBS does not cure Parkinson's, but it can help reduce symptoms and improve the patient’s life. DBS is only used for patients whose symptoms cannot be controlled with medications.
DBS was approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of Parkinson's in 2002. DBS carries the risks of major surgery, with a complication rate related to the experience of the surgical team.  The major complications include hemorrhage (1–2%) and infection (3–5%).

Major depression
Deep brain stimulation has been used in a few patients to treat major depressive disorder(MDD). It is hard to find a good target in the brain for DBS because there are few patients that have had DBS for MDD.

A study of DBS for major depressive disorder and Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) looked at 23 patients — nine for OCD, seven for MDD, and one for both. It found that "about half the patients did show dramatic improvement" and that there were few side effects and complications.
DBS for treatment resistant depression can be as effective as antidepressants, but side effects and complications need to be watched. Common side effects for DBS for MDD include infection, headache, bad mood, and suicidal thoughts.

Tourette syndrome

In 1999, DBS was approved for Tourette syndrome - an inherited neurological disorder. Deep brain stimulation is used to treat patients with severe Tourette syndrome when medication does not help the patient. Many patients have fewer symptoms after DBS. In some patients, the DBS is only put on one side of the brain. This can reduce symptoms and patients may have fewer side effects when the stimulation is only put on one side of the brain.

There are two places in the brain where the stimulation is placed. The stimulation is either put in the thalamus or the globus pallidus pars interna. The thalamus is a more common target for DBS, but both targets can reduce symptoms. The best target for treating Tourette Syndrome with DBS is not yet defined.
Other medical applications

Alzheimer disease
In 2012, a literature review showed some slowed onset of dementia and memory loss in six Alzheimer's disease patients who had DBS.

Trauma/coma
In August 2007, US scientists used DBS on a 38-year-old man who was in a coma for six years because of a head injury. The patient was able to wake up, open his eyes, and turn his head in response to talking. After more DBS, the patient could name objects and use his hands. He could also drink liquid and eat food by mouth. Although DBS has worked for some patients with head injuries, DBS may not work for every patient with serious head injury and/or coma.

OCD
DBS has been used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)  The use of DBS for OCD is one of the most successful uses of DBS for any disease. It is not understood why DBS is so successful for OCD.
Possible complications and side effects
DBS is helpful for some patients, but other patients have side effects and complications. Patients may experience side effects of apathy, hallucinations, addiction to gambling, hypersexuality, cognitive problems, and depression. However, these may be temporary and related to correct placement and calibration of the stimulator. Some side effects can go away after some time.

Because the brain can move a little during surgery, there is the possibility that the electrodes can move out of place. This may cause more complications like personality changes. Electrode movement is easy to find using a CT scan.
There may also be complications of surgery, such as bleeding within the brain.

In an rare case, a patient with severe Tourette's Syndrome had very severe side effects and complications. The patient suffered from opisthotonus- when the muscles are contracted without the patient's control. The patient later died from other infections.

References

Surgery
Brain
Laura Pausini,  (; born 16 May 1974) is an Italian pop singer-songwriter. She sings both in Italian and Spanish, but also in Portuguese, English, French, Catalan and Latin.

She is a judge on the Spanish and Mexican versions of The Voice and also a judge on the Spanish version of The X Factor.

In 2022, she was one of the presenters of the Eurovision Song Contest 2022.

Discography
Discography

 Laura Pausini (1993)
 Laura (1994)
 Le cose che vivi / Las cosas que vives (1996)
 La mia risposta / Mi respuesta (1998)
 Tra te e il mare / Entre tú y mil mares (2000)
 The Best of Laura Pausini - E ritorno da Te / Lo mejor de Laura Pausini - Volveré Junto a Ti (2001)
 From the Inside (2002)
 Resta in ascolto / Escucha (2004)
 Live in Paris 05 (2015)
 Io canto / Yo canto (2006)
 San Siro 2007 (2007)
 Primavera in anticipo / Primavera anticipada (2008)
 Laura Live World Tour 09 / Laura Live Gira Mundial 09 (2009)
 Inedito / Inédito (2011)
 20 - The Greatest Hits / 20 - Grandes Éxitos (2013)
 Simili / Similares (2015)
 Laura Xmas / Laura Navidad (2016)

References

Other websites
 
 

1974 births
Living people
Italian singer-songwriters
Musicians from Emilia-Romagna
Italian pop singers
Latin Grammy Award winners
Grammy Award winners
Atlantic Records artists
Jane Henson (Jane Ann Nebel; June 16, 1934 – April 2, 2013) was an American puppeteer and the widow of puppeteer Jim Henson.

Henson was born on June 16, 1934 in St. Albans, Queens, New York City. She studied at the University of Maryland, College Park. Henson was married to Jim Henson from 1959 until they separated in 1986. They had 5 children. Henson died on April 2, 2013 in her home in Greenwich, Connecticut from cancer, aged 78.

References

Other websites

1934 births
2013 deaths
Cancer deaths in Connecticut
Muppets
People from New York City
American puppeteers
Maria Granoli (Maria Redaelli; 3 April 1899 – 2 April 2013) was an Italian supercentenarian. At the time of her death, just one day shy of her 114th birthday, she was the oldest living person in Italy, the oldest living person in Europe, and the 4th oldest living person in the world behind Jiroemon Kimura, Misao Okawa and Gertrude Weaver (Weaver's case was confirmed in 2014, which after Maria Redaelli's death.).

Redaelli was born on 3 April 1899 in Inzago (Province of Milan), Lombardy, Italy. She was married to Gaspare Granoli until his death. They had two children; one died. Redaelli died on 2 April 2013 (just one day away from her 114th birthday) in her home in Filanda, Lombardy, Italy from natural causes, aged 113. After that, Emma Morano become the oldest living person in Italy and Europe.

References

1899 births
2013 deaths
Italian supercentenarians
People from Milan
Hotel for Dogs is a 2009 American children's comedy movie. It is based on the 1971 Lois Duncan book of the same name. The movie was directed by Thor Freudenthal and adapted by Jeff Lowell and Mark McCorkle.

Cast
 Emma Roberts as Andi
 Jake T. Austin as Bruce
 Johnny Simmons as Dave
 Don Cheadle as Bernie
 Robinne Lee as Carol
 Cesar Yedra as Clarence
 Troy Gentile as Mark
 Kyla Pratt as Heather
 Lisa Kudrow as Lois
 Kevin Dillon as Carl

Other websites
 

2000s family movies
2009 comedy movies
Movies based on books
2009 movies
English-language movies
The Tomkinson Ranges is a mountain range in the northwest corner of South Australia. The range consists of sandstone hills, surrounded by spinifex grasslands. Several rock holes are located in and around the hills.

The mountains were named after politician Samuel Tomkinson (1851–1900). The explorer William Gosse named them when he passed through the region in the early 1870s. Ernest Giles and his team reached the ranges shortly after, and set up a base here from which to explore the Gibson and Great Victoria Deserts. Numerous prospecting expeditions were made through the region until the 1930s.

Together with the Mann Ranges, the Tomkinson Ranges are an important part of the Pitjantjatjara homeland. The communities of Kalka and Pipalyatjara are located at the base of the mountains.

References

Mountain ranges of Australia
Mountains of South Australia
The Petermann Ranges is a mountain range in central Australia. It spreads about  across the border between Western Australia and the southwest corner of the Northern Territory. The highest point is  above sea level. The ranges were formed about 550 million years ago, in an event called the Petermann Orogeny. They are made mostly of granite, sandstone and quartzite. The greater Petermann Ranges consist of several sections of ridges and hills. In the Northern Territory, these sections include the Dean, Mannanana, Ilyaralona, Curdie and Piultarana Ranges, the Pottoyu Hills, and several isolated mountains. In Western Australia, it includes the Hope and Dean Ranges.

The Petermann Ranges were given their name by the explorer Ernest Giles, who travelled through the area during March 1874.

The area is considered biologically important for Australia. An indigenous protected area, the Katiti-Petermann Indigenous Protected Area, has been proposed to conserve the ranges' ecosystem.

References
References

Mountain ranges of Australia
Mountains of the Northern Territory
Geography of Western Australia
The Battle of Qingshanli(, ) was a battle for the independence of Korea that took place in Manchuria. From October 21 to October 28, 1920, fighting happened between Kim Jwa-jin and Hong Pom-do, Lee Pom-seok's 4,000-strong Korean independence militia and a 30,000-strong Japanese suppression regiment.

References

Bibliography 
JACAR Ref.C03022770200, Chōsengun Shireibu (朝鮮軍司令部): Kantō shuppeishi (間島出兵史)
Sasaki Harutaka (佐々木春隆): Kankoku dokuritsu undōshi jō no "Seizanri taisen" kō (韓国独立運動史上の「青山里大戦」考), Gunji shigaku (軍事史学), Vol.15 No. 3, pp. 22–34, 1979.
Sasaki Harutaka (佐々木春隆): Chōsen sensō zenshi to shite no Kankoku dokuritsu undō no kenkyū (朝鮮戦争前史としての韓国独立運動の研究), 1985.

1920 in Asia
History of Korea
1920s in Japan
Battles
October events
The peyote is either of two species of the cactus genus Lophophora of plants in the family Cactaceae.

The most common plant, L. williamsii, grow in North America, mostly in Mexico, can be found in the Chihuahuan desert of southern Texas and northern Mexico. The size is about eight centimeters (three inches) wide and five centimeters (two inches) tall. It is mostly blue green in color, with pink to white flowers, growing in groups among scrub, in areas with limestone soil. L. diffusa grows only in a small area in central Mexico, the color is yellow green, with white to yellow flowers.
Peyote has hallucinogenic effects, made by at least 28 different alkaloids, mostly mescaline. In many countries it is illegal to sell, use or posses both dried plant-material and living plants, but some places also give an exception from the law when used in religious rituals, such as by The Native American Church where it is used in a similar way as some Native American tribes, that likely have used peyote for at least 5,500 years. in their rituals.

References 

Cactaceae
Illegal drugs
Psychoactive drugs
The Everard Ranges is a mountain range in northern South Australia. It consists of low rounded granite hills, topped with bare rock. The rock is from the Palaeocene period, between 20 and 60 million years ago. The range is segmented, with several monoliths and bornhardts separated from the hills by valleys. The valleys are filled with scrub, and the range is surrounded by Tertiary plains. The plains around it are about 550 metres above sea level.

The Everard Ranges are part of the traditional homeland of the Yankunytjatjara people. However, today most of the people living in and around the area are Pitjantjatjara. There are several caves and overhangs with Aboriginal rock paintings. The community of Mimili is located in the east of the range, about 22 km east of the centre.

The Everard Ranges were named by Ernest Giles after Everard Park, a large cattle station that covered the eastern part of the range (it is now the community of Mimili).
Other websites
Caring for country in South Australia's Everard Ranges 

Mountain ranges of Australia
Mountains of South Australia
The Basedow Range is a mountain range in the south of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is located on the northern side of the Lasseter Highway, in the section between the Luritja and Stuart Highways. The range consists of two ridges of deformed sedimentary rock. The western ridge makes up most of the range's mass, and is about 12 km long. A small gap separates it from the eastern ridge, which is about 5 km long and much lower in height. The highest peak is Mount Ebenezer (702 m), which is located near the east end of the western ridge.

The Basedow Range is about 204 km south of Alice Springs. It is entirely within the property of the Mount Ebenezer cattle station. The community of Imaṉpa is at the base of Mount Ebenezer on its southern side. To the west of the range is the Angas Downs Indigenous Protected Area.

The Basedow Range was named by the explorer W. H. Tietkens when he reached the area on 19 July 1889. He named it after Martin P. F. Basedow, a German politician from Adelaide.

References
References

Mountain ranges of Australia
Mountains of the Northern Territory
Fionnula Flanagan (December 10, 1941) is an Irish actress who works mostly in movies and television. She has also acted on stage, and is also a political activist. Flanagan was born in Dublin, Ireland.

Other websites

Irish movie actors
1941 births
Living people
Irish actors
Susan Anton (born 12 October 1950) is an American actress and beauty contestant. She began her acting career with commercials on television. She later started acting for television. Before that, she was Miss California in 1969 Miss America Pageants. Anton was born in California.

References

Other websites

American television actors
Actors from San Bernardino, California
1950 births
Living people
Pocket God is a video game application for the iPhone, iPod and iPad. It is a game containing small people that live on an island. The gamer can put the islanders through tasks and games.

2009 video games
Mobile games
The Mexican Empire () was the official name of independent Mexico. It was a monarchy from 1821 to 1823, when the Emperor came into conflict with Congress. The territory of the Mexican Empire included New Spain and the former Captaincy General of Guatemala. Mexico then declared itself a republic. However, it reverted to a monarchy during the Second Mexican Empire of Maximilian I of Mexico.

Other websites 

Imperial House of Mexico
Mexican Empire

19th century in Mexico
1821 establishments in North America
1820s disestablishments in North America
1823 disestablishments
1820s in North America
Former monarchies of North America
Daniela Mercuri de Almeida (born July 28, 1965), known by her stage name Daniela Mercury, is a Brazilian singer, songwriter and record producer. She is one of the best known Brazilian female singers, selling over 20 million albums worldwide.

Early life
Mercury was born on July 28, 1965, in Salvador, Bahia. Her mother is Liliana Mercuri, a social worker of Italian descent. Her father is António Fernando de Abreu Ferreira de Almeida, a Portuguese-born industrial mechanic. Her four siblings include Tom, Cristiana, Vânia, and Marcos. She attended both the Ana Néri School and the Colégio Baiano.
When Mercury was eight years old, she began taking dance lessons,. At age 13, influenced by Elis Regina, she decided to become a singer. She started singing in local bars in 1980. Mercury went to the Universidade Federal da Bahia, where she enrolled in the Dance School in 1984. A year later she married electronic engineer Zalther Póvoas. She has two children in this marriage, Gabriel Almeida Póvoas. and Giovana Almeida Póvoas born in 1985 and 1986 respectively.

Discography

Studio albums
 Daniela Mercury
 O Canto da Cidade
 Música de Rua
 Feijão com Arroz
 Sol da Liberdade
 Sou de Qualquer Lugar
 Carnaval Eletrônico
 Balé Mulato
 Canibália

Live albums
 Elétrica
 MTV ao Vivo – Eletrodoméstico
 Clássica
 Balé Mulato – Ao Vivo
 Canibália: Ritmos do Brasil

Compilations albums
 Swing Tropical - Grandes Êxitos
 20 Grandes Êxitos
 XXI - Vinte um Grandes Êxitos
 The Very Best Gold
 O Canto da Cidade - 15 Anos

Concert tours
 Canibália

Videography

References
References

1965 births
Brazilian singers
Living people
People from Salvador, Bahia
Bisexual people
Yarkon Park (, ) is a national park in Tel Aviv, Israel. It is also a very big public urban park in the north of the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area and covers an area of 3.5 km². The park is also called the Joshua Gardens () after the 7th mayor of Tel Aviv, Yehoshua Rabinovitz. The park extends along the Yarkon River until the river's mouth next to the Yarkon River Peninsula, where it flows into the Mediterranean Sea near to the Reading Power Station. It finishes in Petah Tikva. The largest part of the park runs along the cities of Ramat Gan and Bnei Brak. The river finishes near to Rosh HaAyin in the Yarkon National Garden. The park has many facilities, such as sports facilities, botanical gardens, an aviary, a water park, two outdoor concert venues and artificial lakes. The Ayalon River flows into the Yarkon River in the park after coming from a channel inside Road 20.

Sites in the park 
 Tel Aviv Port
 National Sport Center – Tel Aviv

Other websites
Other websites 

 Yarkon National Park at the Israel Nature and National Parks Protection Authority 
 Yarkon Park 

Tel Aviv
Parks in Israel
Salvador (meaning "saviour" in Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese) may refer to:

People

Given name
 Salvador Allende (1908−1973), deposed president of Chile
 Salvador Bacarisse (1898−1963), Spanish composer
 Salva Ballesta (born 1975), Spanish footballer
 Salvador Dalí (1904−1989), Spanish surrealist painter
 Salvador Espriu (1913−1985), Spanish poet
 Salvador Gómez (water polo) (born 1968), Spanish water polo player
 Salvador Gonzáles Escalona (born 1948), Cuban artist
 Salvador González Marco (born 1963), Spanish footballer
 Salvador Laurel (1928−2004), Philippine politician
 Salvador Luria (1912−1991), Italian-American scientist
 Salvador de Madariaga (1886−1978), Spanish writer
 Salvador Novo (1904−1974), Mexican writer
 Salvador Pineda (born 1952), Mexican actor
 Salvador Puig Antich (1948−1974), Spanish anarchist executed by garrote under the dictatorship of Francisco Franco
 Salvador Sánchez (1959−1982), Mexican boxer
Family name
 António Salvador (athlete) (born 1966), Portuguese long-distance runner
 Bryce Salvador (born 1976), Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman
 Francis Salvador (1747−1776), Jewish-American patriot
 Gregorio Salvador Caja (born 1927), Spanish linguist
 Henri Salvador (1917−2008), French singer and jazz guitarist
 Joseph Salvador (1716−1786), head of the British East India Company, leader of the Sephardic community in Great Britain, and great-grandfather of Francis Salvador
 Dr. Salvador, fictional character in Resident Evil 4

Places

Argentina
 Salvador Mazza, Salta, a city in the province of Salta
 Universidad del Salvador (USAL), a Jesuit university in Buenos Aires

Brazil
 Salvador, Bahia, a municipality in the State of Bahia

El Salvador
 El Salvador, a Central American country
 San Salvador, the capital of El Salvador

Paraguay
 Tevego, known as Villa del Divino Salvador in 1843, a settlement in the Concepción Department
Philippines
 El Salvador, Misamis Oriental, a city in the province of Misamis Oriental
 Salvador, Lanao del Norte, a municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte
 Salvador Benedicto, Negros Occidental, a municipality in the province of Negros Occidental

United States
 Lake Salvador, a lake in the State of Louisiana
 Salvador, California, an unincorporated community in Napa County, California

United Kingdom
 Salvador Settlement, a community in the Falkland Islands
Discography
1961: Viva a Brotolândia  
1962: Poema de Amor
1963: O Bem do Amor
1963: Ellis Regina  
1965: Dois na Bossa
1965: O Fino do Fino   – Elis & Zimbo Trio1965: Samba, Eu Canto Assim!1966: Dois na Bossa nº21966: Elis1967: Dois na Bossa nº31968: Elis Especial1969: Elis, Como & Porque1969: Elis Regina in London1969: Aquarela do Brasil  – Elis Regina & Toots Thielemans1970: Em Pleno Verão1970: Elis no Teatro da Praia com Miele & Bôscoli1971: Ela1972: Elis1973: Elis - no 21973: Elis1974: Elis1974: Elis & Tom1976: Falso Brilhante1977: Elis1978: Transversal do Tempo  (live)
1979: Essa Mulher1979: Elis Especial1980: Saudades do Brasil1980: Elis1982: Montreux Jazz Festival1982: Trem Azul 
1983: Vento de Maio (compilation)
1984: Luz das Estrelas1987: Personalidade1994: Elis Regina no Fino da Bossa  (live)
1994: Dose Dupla-Elis Regina  
1995: Elis ao Vivo  (live)
2001: Sucessos Inesquecíveis de Elis Regina  (compilation)
2002: 20 Anos de Saudade  (compilation)
2004: Little Pepper: The Definitive Collection (compilation)
2005: Elis Regina: MPB Especial 1973   
2006: Elis Regina Carvalho Costa  
2006: Elis full color 3 DVD box set 
2006: Por toda a minha vida   
2006: Pérolas Raras2012: Um Dia''
References

1945 births
1982 deaths
Brazilian singers
People from Porto Alegre
Gloria Trevi (born Gloria de los Ángeles Treviño Ruiz on February 15, 1968) is a Mexican pop-rock singer-songwriter.  Called the "Supreme Diva of Mexican Pop" by the music channel VH1, Trevi has sold more than 20 million records.

Discography

Studio albums

 Tu Ángel de la Guarda literally means "Your guardian angel" but contains the idiomatic expression for "condom".
 Más Turbada Que Nunca literally means "More crazy than ever" but is a sexual reference to the word "Masturbated"

Live albums

Singles (U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Songs)

Recompiled albums 
 1993: Cántalo tú mismo (BMG Ariola)
 1997: ¡De pelos! Lo mejor de la Trevi (BMG Ariola)
 1999: No soy monedita de oro (BMG Ariola) (I am not a gold digger)
 2008: Una Rosa Blu (Deluxe Edition) (Universal)
 2009: Lo escencial de Gloria Trevi (Sony Music)
 2009: 6 Super Hits (Universal)

Filmography
 Pelo Suelto
 Zapatos Viejos
 La Papa Sin Catsup

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Official website 

1968 births
Living people
Mexican television presenters
Singers from Monterrey
Eutrophication is what a water-based ecosystem does when too many nutrients are added to it. Eutrophication is mainly caused by two nutrients, phosphorus and nitrogen. These are normally brought to aquatic ecosystems as runoff from fertilized agricultural areas, erosion from river banks, river beds, clearing of land (deforestation), or sewage that ends up in aquatic environments. The major consequence of eutrophication are algal blooms. 

Water pollution
Environmental chemistry
Ariel Sharon Park (also called: Ayalon Park) is a big public urban park that is planned to be built in the south of the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area, around some of the floodplains of the Ayalon River. The Azor River and the Kofer River are connected to the river in the park area. Road 1 and Road 44 run through the planned area of the park. The park is planned to be opened in the year 2020 in southern Tel Aviv and also between the cities of Holon, Azor and Ramat Gan. The park is planned to be connected to the Menachem Begin Park (South Park) in southern Tel Aviv and the Mikveh Israel agricultural school in Holon. the park is going to be one of the largest park in Israel and one of the largest in the Middle East.

There are already trails for bicycles in the park.

The park is named after the former Israeli prime minister Ariel Sharon.

Old Bnei Brak 
In the area of the park is the Old City of Bnei Brak, which is mentioned in the Haggadah book in the Jewish holiday of Passover.
Recycling park 
Between the years 1952 and 1998, the area was used a garbage dump called Hiriya. In 2002, the Israeli governmant decided to rehabilitate the site and build a big park around the dump with a recycling center. In 2004, a German landscape architect won the job for the new design of the site. In 2007, the Ecological Study Center opened in the recycling park. In 2010, the recycling park won a prize from the European Center of Architecture in the category of "Landscape Architecture" for the best green design for that year.

Other websites  

  Ariel Sharon Park  
 Hiriya website 
 Removing Hiriya Garbage Dump, a Test Case

Tel Aviv
Parks in Israel
Siri is a Scandinavian girl's name. It is a short form of Sigrid and has been widely used since the mediaeval age. It is derived from Old Norse sigr, which means victory, and frídr, which means beautiful. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

PEOPLE 

 Siri von Essen, Finland Swedish actress married to August Strindberg

References

Given names
The United Fruit Company was an American corporation. It dealt with tropical fruits, especially bananas. These fruits were grown on Central and South American plantations. They were sold in the United States and Europe. The company was created in 1899 from Minor C. Keith's banana-trading concerns with Andrew W. Preston's Boston Fruit Company. It grew in the early and mid-20th century. It controlled vast territories and transportation networks in Central America, the Caribbean coast of Colombia, Ecuador, and the West Indies. It competed with the Standard Fruit Company in the international banana trade. 

It maintained a monopoly in certain regions that came to be called banana republics.
It had a deep and long-lasting impact on the economy and politics of many Latin American countries. Critics often accused it of neocolonialism. They described it as the example of the influence of a multinational corporation on the internal politics of countries. After a period of financial decline, United Fruit merged with Eli M. Black's AMK in 1970 to become the United Brands Company. In 1984, Carl Lindner, Jr. transformed United Brands into the present-day Chiquita Brands International.

References

1899 establishments in the United States
1970 disestablishments in the United States
American food companies
Companies based in Louisiana
Defunct companies of the United States
Growth hormone (GH or HGH), also known as somatotropin or somatropin, is a hormone responsible for growth, cell reproduction and regeneration in humans and other animals. It is specific only to certain kinds of cells.

Human growth hormone 
Growth hormone is used as a prescription drug in medicine to treat children's and adults growth disorders. In the United States, it is only available legally by prescription from a doctor. HGH is a very complex hormone, and many of its functions are still unknown.
Synthetic human growth hormone was developed in 1985 and approved by the FDA for specific uses in children and adults. In children, HGH injections are approved for treating short stature of unknown cause as well as poor growth due to a number of medical causes, including:
 Turner's syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects a girl's development
 Prader-Willi syndrome, an uncommon genetic disorder causing poor muscle tone, low levels of sex hormones, and a constant feeling of hunger
 Chronic kidney disease
 HGH deficiency or insufficiency
 Children born small for gestational age

Related pages
Peptide hormone
List of chemicals in doping cases in sport

References

Hormones
Area code 649 is the local telephone area code of Turks and Caicos Islands. The 649 area code was created during a split from the original Area code 809 area code, which was done in or around May 1997.

Like many Caribbean countries Turks and Caicos Islands uses +1 followed by the area code as the international direct dial phone code.

When in Turks and Caicos Islands, use the seven digits alone. To call from anywhere within North America (the United States, Canada, etc.), simply dial 1(869) followed by the phone number.

Other website
North American Numbering Plan Administrator

Turks and Caicos Islands
Area codes
Azkaban is the jail of wizards in the fiction fantasy series by J.K. Rowling, Harry Potter.  It holds most of the Death Eaters in prison. In Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Rowling described Azkaban as "Cold, dark, and all your greatest memories you can't remember, and all you can think about are your worst." Dementors are the guards of Azkaban.

Fictional buildings and structures
Harry Potter
The first-move advantage in chess is the advantage of the player (White) who makes the first move in chess. Statistics of results on chess databases include almost all published games since 1851. In all forms of statistics, White scores better than Black for the main four opening moves 1.e4, 1.d4, 1.c4 and 1.Nf3.

White's overall winning percentage is calculated by taking the percentage of games won by White plus half the percentage of drawn games. Thus, if out of 100 games White wins 40, draws 32, and loses 28, White's total winning percentage is 40 plus half of 32, i.e. 56 percent. It is about the same for tournament games between humans and games between computers. White's advantage is less significant in rapid games or novice games.

Since about 1889, when World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz addressed this issue, the overwhelming consensus has been that a perfectly played game would end in a draw.

Winning percentages
Recent sources indicate that White scores about 54 to 56 percent. In 2005, GM Jonathan Rowson wrote that "the conventional wisdom is that White begins the game with a small advantage and, holding all other factors constant, scores approximately 56% to Black's 44%".p193 International Master (IM) John Watson wrote in 1998 that White had scored 56% for most of the 20th century, but that this figure had recently slipped to 55%.p231 The website ChessGames.com holds regularly updated statistics on its games database. On March 17, 2008 the database contained 
460,703 games. White won 36.81%, 36.50% were drawn, and Black won 26.69%, resulting in a total White winning percentage of 55.06%.
Chess Engines Grand Tournament (CEGT) tests computer chess engines by playing them against each other, with time controls of forty moves in one hundred and twenty minutes per player (40/120), and also 40/20 and 40/4, and uses the results of those games to compile a rating list for each time control. At the slowest time control (40/120), White has scored 55.4% (W34.7 D41.3 L24.0) in games played among 38 of the strongest chess engines (as of May 27, 2009). At 40/20, White has scored 54.6% (W37.0 D35.2 L27.8) in games played among 284 engines (as of May 24, 2009). At the fastest time control (40/4), White has scored 54.8% (W39.6 D30.5 L30.0), in games played among 128 programs (as of May 28, 2009).

Drawn with best play
Joseph Bertin wrote in his 1735 textbook The Noble Game of Chess, "He that plays first, is understood to have the attack". This is consistent with the traditional view that White, by virtue of the first move, begins with the initiative and should try to extend it into the middlegame, while Black should strive to neutralize White's initiative and attain equality.p89 Because White begins with the initiative, a minor mistake by White generally leads only to loss of the initiative, while a similar mistake by Black may have more serious consequences. Thus, Sveshnikov wrote in 1994, "Black players cannot afford to make even the slightest mistake ... from a theoretical point of view, the tasks of White and Black in chess are different: White has to strive for a win, Black  for a draw!"
Modern writers often think of Black's role in more dynamic terms than merely trying to equalize. Rowson writes that "the idea of Black trying to 'equalize' is questionable. I think it has limited application to a few openings, rather than being an opening prescription for Black in general".p227 Evans wrote that after one of his games against Fischer, "Fischer confided his 'secret' to me: unlike other masters, he sought to win with the black pieces from the start. The revelation that Black has dynamic chances and need not be satisfied with mere equality was the turning point in his career, he said".p91 Watson surmised that Kasparov, when playing black, bypasses the question of whether White has an opening advantage "by thinking in terms of the concrete nature of the dynamic imbalance on the board, and seeking to seize the initiative whenever possible".p231 Watson observes that "energetic opening play by Black may ... lead to a position so complex and unclear that to speak of equality is meaningless
. Sometimes we say 'dynamically balanced' instead of 'equal' to express the view that either player is as likely as the other to emerge from complications with an advantage. This style of opening play has become prevalent in modern chess, with World Champions Fischer and Kasparov as its most visible practitioners".