Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Births 

 Aristarchus of Samos, Greek astronomer and mathematician (approximate date) (d. c. 230 BC)
 Xun Zi, Chinese philosopher (approximate date)

Deaths 

 Pytheas, Greek merchant, geographer and explorer from the Greek colony Massilia (today Marseille) (b. c. 380 BC)

310 BC
Year 380 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.

Events

By place

Persian empire 
Persia makes the Athenians remove their general Chabrias from Egypt. Chabrias has been helping the Egyptian Pharaohs keep their independence from the Persian Empire.

Egypt 
 The Egyptian Pharaoh Hakor dies.  He is succeeded by his son Nepherites II, but he is overthrown by Nectanebo I within the year.  This ends the Twenty-ninth dynasty of Egypt. Nectanabo (or more properly Nekhtnebef) becomes the first Pharaoh of the Thirtieth dynasty of Egypt.

Greece 
 Cleombrotus I succeeds his brother Agesipolis I as king of Sparta.

By topic

Art 
 What some historians call the Rich style in Greece comes to an end.

Births 

 King Darius III of Persia (d. 330 BC) (approximate date)
 Pytheas, Greek explorer, who will explore northwestern Europe, including the British Isles (d. c. 310 BC) (approximate date)

Deaths
Deaths 

 Agesipolis I, king of Sparta
 Philoxenus of Cythera, Greek dithyrambic poet (b. 435 BC)
 Hakor, king of the Twenty-ninth dynasty of Egypt
 Nefaarud II, son of Hakor and last king of the Twenty-ninth dynasty

380s BC
The Avengers is a spy-fi television series of the 1960s. The show was aired from 7 January 1961 to 21 May 1969. The main characters of this show included Doctor David Keel, his partner John Steed. The female characters were Emma Peel (Diana Rigg) and Cathy Gale (played by Honor Blackman). The show began airing in the United Kingdom.

In the U.S., though, it was not aired until 10pm or afterward. This was due to violence and adult themes.

There were novels, radio programs and movies involving this series. Uma Thurman played Emma Peel in the movie of 1998.

1960s British television series
1961 television series debuts
1961 establishments in Europe
1969 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1969 television series endings
1960s establishments in the United Kingdom
English-language television programs
Fernando Grostein Andrade, or Fernando Andrade (born January 30, 1981 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian filmmaker, director, producer, screenwriter and director of photography. He is known for the documentaries Wandering Heart, with Caetano Veloso, and Breaking the Taboo, featuring Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Bill Clinton and Jimmy Carter that discusses alternatives to the failed war on drugs. Fernando is also known for his prolific work in advertisement and video clips. In 2009, Fernando founded the production house Spray Filmes. Located in the Jardins neighborhood in São Paulo, Spray Filmes acts in the realm of film, advertisement and internet production.

Early life
Fernando is the son of the PhD urbanist Marta Dora Grostein and the journalist Mario Escobar de Andrade, director of Playboy magazine in Brazil, who died in 1991. He is the brother, on his mother's side, of the TV host Luciano Huck.
Career
Fernando got a degree in Business Administration at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas, in São Paulo. He studied film at CINUSP, USC and UCLA.

Fernando began his career in communications at 15 years of age at the advertisement agency DM9 and the radio station Jovem Pan 2. He also wrote articles for Trip magazine's website and for Playboy magazine.
Film
In 2001, he made his first short film Strawberry, the first shot in HD at 24 frames per second in Brazil. It introduced the actor Guilherme Berenguer in addition to the talent of other actors such as Fernanda Rodrigues and Daniel Dantas. The short film opened the International Brasília Festival, the 27th São Paulo International Film Festival, the Paulista Audio Visual Festival, as well as the Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films. The short tells the tale of a boy whose girlfriend's sexual fantasy is to have sex in a bathtub filled with strawberry jam. Frightened, the boy is advised by his psychiatrist to play along with the girl's fantasies, but at their first family dinner together, he discovers that the shrink is her father.
In 2003, Fernando Andrade went on a journey with Caetano Veloso to São Paulo, New York and Japan. For 42 days, he documented the artist's discomfort with the recent success of his English language album internationally, revealing a new side of the Brazilian music master. With participations from Michelangelo Antonioni, Pedro Almodóvar and David Byrne, the documentary Wandering Heart premiered on the 24th of July in the Brazilian Circuit by way of Paramount. Wandering Heart, directed, photographed and edited by Fernando, was screened at the "It's All True" Festival in 2008  and the Rome Festival of the same year, where it was well received by the audience: according to Eric J Lyman, Hollywood Reporter, it was "one of the highlights of the weekend." The screening took place at the Conciliacione auditorium, Blasco Giurato (Director of Photography of Cinema Paradiso) was there. The film has one of the last registries of the filmmaker Michelangelo Antonioni, right before he died in 2007
. The film critic and founder of the "It's All True" festival Amir Labaki, considered the documentary "The most revealing portrait of Caetano. A figure that is here to stay." The critic from O Globo newspaper, Marcelo Janot, considered it "The best film from the recent batch of documentaries of Brazilian musicians."
In 2010, Fernando directed the documentary short Newspaper of the Future. The film documents changes within the newspaper Folha de São Paulo during the integration with its on-line counterpart, Folha.com. It also showcased the new graphic design template being implemented and presented to the newspapers employees. Filmed during 15 days at the newspapers headquarters and printing press in Tamboré, the production interviewed personalities such as Otavio Frias Filho, managing editor of Folha and the columnists: Clóvis Rossi, Juca Kfouri, José Simão and Barbara Gancia, amongst others.
In 2011, he released the documentary Breaking the Taboo, which discusses alternative policies for the failed war on drugs and has the Ex-President of Brazil, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, as its anchor. The film features statements from Bill Clinton, Jimmy Carter, Paulo Coelho, Dráuzio Varella, Gael Garcia Bernal and 4 other former heads of state from countries such as Colombia, Switzerland, Norway and Mexico. The film caused ample repercussions in Brazil, promoting the debate in the media, schools and even in the Brazilian congress, with a speech by senator Eduardo Suplicy. Veja Magazine published a 9-page article on the film calling it "a meticulously crafted report made over two years with 168 interviews from personalities, some of them of the same caliber as mentioned above, and others less known, but no less credible
." The television show Fantástico of Rede Globo, Brazil's largest TV network, aired an 8-minute report on the film and later polled the viewers on the subject, 57% voted in favor of legalization. Trip magazine published a cover story on the film. Filmed in 18 cities around the world, the interviewed subjects include premiers, policemen, inmates and rehabilitated addicts who help compose a board that debates and consolidates the films argument. The Result of an ample research process, which includes 168 interviewed subjects, Breaking the Taboo was filmed in 18 cities around the World with the scenery varying from FARC poppy plantations in the Colombian Jungle to Amsterdam Coffeeshops and the American Capital. The Newspaper Folha de São Paulo considered that the film had "A consistent argumentative route, not necessarily aligned with common sense"
. The film also had repercussions in the English newspaper The Guardian: "The documentary highlights the perils of debating an issue so clouded by ideology and calls for an end to the stigmatization of the debate. It boasts the support of several former world leaders including Bill Clinton and Jimmy Carter." The documentary is currently being adapted for the American and European market in partnership with the production house Current Sponge, led by Sam Branson, son of the entrepreneur Richard Branson.
In 2012, Fernando participated in the "Colors for Love" project of the Italian magazine Colors by directing and as serving as DP, on the short film "Cine Rincão" which tells the story of Paulo Eduardo, who was suddenly shot in the chest then went on to study film at the Criar Institute (an NGO which teaches film related skills to low income teens) and build the community movie theatre Cine Rincão. The soundtrack is by Lucas Lima and Caetano Veloso.

Advertisement
Advertisement

Fernando directs advertisements for Spray Filmes. In 2009 he filmed for ALmap BBDO the Open Cage campaign for the launch of the EOS convertible, an interactive film mixing 3d techniques with helicopter shots which received Gold at the FIAP and Wave Festival awards. In 2010 Fernando directed the Nestlé 90 year anniversary campaign. In 2010 he filmed the Grafiteiros campaign for the launch of Sprites new Can art, the campaign was re-edited in the next year for the X films. For Mitsubishi and Africa Advertisement Agency he filmed the "Make New Friends" campaign. For Arezzo and the art director Giovani Biano, Fernando filmed the "Love and Color" campaign.

References

Other websites
 

1981 births
Living people
Brazilian movie directors
Brazilian screenwriters
Brazilian movie producers
Falling Down is a 1993 American crime drama movie directed by Joel Schumacher. It stars Michael Douglas as divorced defense engineer who was laid off the previous month. Foster has a mental breakdown and walks out of his car whilst in a traffic jam. He crosses Los Angeles, California on foot to go to his daughter's birthday party. He uses violence against many people he encounters. He is pursued by LAPD detective Prendergast, played by Robert Duvall.

Other websites 

1993 crime drama movies
1993 crime thriller movies
1993 drama thriller movies
1990s satirical movies
American crime drama movies
American crime thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
American satirical movies
Borderline personality disorder in fiction
1990s English-language movies
Midlife crisis movies
Movies about dysfunctional families
Movies set in Los Angeles
Warner Bros. movies
Movies directed by Joel Schumacher
The Karabakh horse , also known as Karabakh, is a mountain-steppe racing and riding horse. It is named after the geographic area where the horse was first developed, Karabakh in the Southern Caucasus.  It is an area that is  part of Azerbaijan. The highland part is currently under control by Armenia. The breed is noted for its good temper and speed. For example, in 2004 a Karabakh horse named Kishmish from the Agdam stud in Azerbaijan set a speed record by running 1000 metres in 1 minute 9 seconds, and 1600 metres in 1 minute, 52 seconds.

The breed is thought to be a cross-breeding of Akhal-Teke, Persian, Kabarda, Turkoman, and Arabian horse. Right now, the Karabakh is bred mainly in Azerbaijan's Shaki area. Currently the breed numbers are below 1,000.  It is threatened with extinction.

Breed characteristics
The breed is hardy, strong, tough, and sure-footed.
The horse is not large.  It is 14-15 hands high or 145–150 cm. They have small, clean-cut heads, a straight profile with broad foreheads, and nostrils that can dilate. The neck is set high, average in length, muscular and elegant. They have compact bodies with well defined and developed muscles.  The shoulders are often quite upright. The horses have a deep chest, a sloping croup, and long, fine, but very strong legs, although the joints are small. The horses are narrow, not very deep through the girth, due to the Akhal-Teke influence.

Their skin is thin and soft with shiny hair. The main colors of the breed are chestnut and bay, with characteristic golden tint of the breed. They can also be gray. Rarely they can be Palomino or Buckskin.  White markings are allowed.

They are fast and agile. The Karabakh horse is said to have a good endurance and loyalty to master.
In popular culture 
The Karabakh horse is the national animal of Azerbaijan.  It is the official symbol of the Agdam and Shaki regions. This horse is very important in Azerbaijan culture. They appear in literature and are on items such as postage stamps.

References

Horse breeds
Armenia
National symbols of Azerbaijan
Alim Qasimov (born 1957) is an Azerbaijani musician.  He is one of the foremost mugam singers in Azerbaijan. He was awarded the International Music Council-UNESCO Music Prize in 1999.  It is one of the highest international honors for music. His music is characterised by his vocal improvisation.  It is a move away from the traditional style of mugham. Qasimov has recorded nine albums, three of which are mugham albums with his daughter, Ferghana Qasimova.

Influence and legacy 
In 21 November 2009, he was included in a 500 most influential Muslims of world book. The Icelandic singer Björk complimented Qasimov, by naming him as her "favourite singer alive today". In 2010, Alim Qasimov was nominated for the United States National Public Radio's "50 great voices in recorded history" award.

Discography
Discography

Albums
Classical Mugham (3 January 1996)
The Art of Mugham: Azerbaidjan (Live) (1 December 1997)
The Mugham of Azerbaidjan (1 October 1999)
Love's Deep Ocean (11 October 1999) with Ferghana Qasimova
The Legendary Art of Mugham (15 October 1997) with Alim Qasimov Ensemble
Central Asian Series, Vol. 6: Spiritual Music of Azerbaijan (25 September 2007) with Ferghana Qasimova
"Intimate dialogue" - Live at Morgenland Festival Osnabrück 2009 with Ferghana Qasimova

Singles

References

1957 births
Living people
Azerbaijani musicians
Singers
A folk dance is a dance that has some or all of the following:
They are dances at social functions by people with little or no professional training.  They are often to traditional music or music based on traditional music.
They are not made for public performance or the stage.  Traditional folkdances may be later arranged and set for stage performances.
The way they are done is strongly about inherited tradition rather than making changes.  Although like all folk traditions they do change over time.
New dancers often learn informally by watching others and/or getting help from others.

Even though some people argue with it, folk dancing can be dancing for with no governing body or dancing for which there are no competitive or professional performances.

Europe
Europe

Types of European folk dance include: 
Polonez (Polish),
clogging,
English country dance,
international folk dance,
Irish dance,
Maypole dance,
Morris dance,
Turkish dance,
Welsh Morris Dance,
Nordic polska dance,
Ball de bastons,
square dance, and
sword dance.
Sword dances include Longsword dances and rapier dancing. Some choreographed dances such as contra dance, Scottish country dance, and modern Western square dance, are called folk dances, though this is not true in the strictest sense. Country dance overlaps with contemporary folk dance and ballroom dance. Most country dances and ballroom dances are from folk dances, with small changes over the years.

Middle East & South Asia
Attan - The national dance of Afghanistan
 Azerbaijani dances
 Kurdish dance
 Assyrian folk dance
 Georgian Folk Dances 
 Bhangra a Punjabi harvest dance and music style that has become popular worldwide.
 Ghoomar a traditional Bhil tribe women's folk dance of Rajasthan, India.
 Ghumura Dance: War Dance from Kingdom of Kalahandi, Orissa, India
 Kalbelia is one of the most sensuous dance forms of Rajasthan, performed by the kalbelia tribe.
 Israeli folk dance

Latin America
 Baile Folklorico (Mexico and Central America)
  
Folklore
Dance types
Celebrations are a chocolate collection made by Mars, Incorporated.  They were started in 1997. They are miniature versions of Mars-produced chocolate bars. With the tagline "Share the joy", Celebrations were the first mixed box of chocolates to bring together confectionery which had been already released in one box or tin. This was different than having new, especially-created candy. Celebrations are most popular around holidays, such as Christmas, Halloween and Easter.

Contents
They are miniature versions of the following Mars chocolates:
 Mars
 Bounty
 Snickers
 Dove / Galaxy
 Dove Caramel / Galaxy Caramel
 Twix
 Maltesers Teaser
 Milky Way

The selection sold in the United Kingdom also previously had:

 Galaxy Truffle
 Topic

Twix replaced Galaxy Truffle in 2011.

References 

Candy
Celebration may refer to:
 Party, a social gathering or celebration
 Festival, a community gathering to celebrate something in particular
The observance of a feast day or holiday
The celebration of the Eucharist
A Southeast Alaska Native cultural event

Celebration may also be:
In Music:
"Celebration" (Kool & the Gang song), a song by Kool & The Gang, notably covered by Kylie Minogue
"Celebration" (Voices With Soul song), the debut single from girl band, Voices With Soul
"Celebration", a song by Krokus from Hardware
"Celebration", a song by Hafdis Huld from "Dirty Paper Cup"
Celebration (Simple Minds album), a 1982 album by Simple Minds
Celebration (Julian Lloyd Webber album), a 2001 album by Julian Lloyd Webber
Celebration (Madonna album), a 2009 greatest hits album by Madonna
Celebration (Madonna song), same-titled single by Madonna
"Celebration", a piece by Paul McCartney from Standing Stone
Celebration (Uriah Heep album), a 2009 album by Uriah Heep
Celebration (band), a Baltimore-based band
Celebration (Celebration album), a 2006 album by Celebration
Celebration (musical), a 1969 avante-garde musical theater work by Harvey Schmidt and Tom Jones
Celebration, alternate title for the 1971 concert film Celebration at Big Sur
"Celebration Day", a 1970 song from the album Led Zeppelin III
"A Celebration", a 1982 single by U2
Celebration (Smokie album), an album by Smokie
Celebration (Tyga song), a 2012 song by Tyga featuring T-Pain
Celebration! The Fullerton College Jazz Festival 25th Anniversary, a 1997 album by the Fullerton College Jazz Bands and Jazz Singers
Other:
Celebration (play), by Harold Pinter
Celebration (painting), by Tyeb Mehta
Celebration, Florida, a community in the United States, originally developed by The Walt Disney Company.
Celebrations, a chocolate collection made by Mars, Inc.
Star Wars Celebration, an official Star Wars convention
Celebration (ship), a Holiday Class cruise ship operated by Carnival Cruise Lines
The Celebration, 1998 Danish film
The Celebration Theatre, a gay and lesbian theatre company in Los Angeles, CA
The term used in the Bop It game instructions to notify that the player has reached the maximum score.
History and revival of chokha 
It has been in wide use among Caucasians from the 9th century until 1920s. Nowadays, chokha is no longer in use but continues to still be worn for ceremonial and festive occasions.

Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili made high-ranking Georgian officials working abroad to wear the national costume at official meetings. So, in the very center of Europe, in the 21st century, among the elegant ladies and gentlemen classic suits, you will find men in their Chokhas, and daggers around the waist.

Types of chokha 

There are Four types of Chokha worn among the Georgians:
Kartl-Kakheti chokha (Kartli and Kakheti are eastern Georgian provinces)
Khevsur Chokha (mainly in Mtskheta-mtianeti province of Georgia)
Adjarian chokha (mainly found in western Georgia provinces such as Adjara and Guria and also used to be used in Lazona that is now part of republic of Turkey)
General Caucasian chokha which is like a Kartl-Kakheti chokha but is little longer
In Georgia, the Black chokha was reserved to the "Order of Chokhosani". They represent the elite society of the citizens. These were people with special dedications such as: Great generals, heroes or some of the famous poets and the people who had done some big service to the country. Not even all of Lords were allowed in "Chokhosani Orden" and those who did proudly represented this rank in their clothing.

Chokha is sewn of thick fabric and is tight on the waist and wide on the bottom. In some parts of the Caucasus there are also female chokhas.

Generally, the chokha outfit includes a khanjali (the sword), the akhalukhi also know as the arkhalig (a shirt worn underneath the chokha), the gazyrs (the bullets), and the bashlyk (a hood, separate from the robe) or  papakha (a tall fur hat).

References 

Outerwear
Caucasus
National symbols of Georgia (country)
The term Eastern world means very broadly the various cultures or social structures and philosophical systems of Eastern Asia or geographically the Eastern Culture. This includes the Indian subcontinent (which is Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Nepal and sometimes Afghanistan), the Far East (which is China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Philippines,
Malaysia, Mongolia, Indonesia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea), Australasia (Australia, New Zealand), Eastern Europe/Eurasia (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Turkey). The Middle East/Near East and Central Asia are, as their names imply, often considered 'east' in terms of Europe

Introduction
The division between "East" and "West" is from European cultural history.  There is a difference between European Christendom and the alien cultures beyond it to the East. With the European colonization of the Americas the East/West distinction became global. The idea of an Eastern, "Indian" (Indies) or "Oriental" sphere was made stronger by ideas of racial as well as religious and cultural differences. Such differences were shown by Westerners in the scholarly tradition known as Orientalism and Indology. People from the East are known by certain regions in the West as "Oriental". During the Cold War, the term "Eastern world" was sometimes used to mean the Eastern Bloc, which was the Soviet Union, China and their communist allies.  The term "Western world" often meant the United States and its NATO allies such as the United Kingdom. The idea is often another term for the Far East—a region that bears considerable cultural and religious sameness
. Eastern philosophy, art, literature, and other traditions, are often found throughout the region in places of high importance, such as popular culture, architecture and traditional literature. The spread of Buddhism and Hindu Yoga is partly responsible for this.
Eastern culture

Eastern culture has created many themes and traditions. Some important ones are:
Eastern religion, Eastern philosophy
Far Eastern religions
Confucianism — the belief that human beings are teachable, improvable and perfectible through personal and communal endeavour especially including self-cultivation and self-creation. 
Eastern Buddhism
Shinto
Daoism
Indian religions
Dharmic religions
Buddhism — path of liberation attained through insight into the ultimate nature of reality
Hinduism — an umbrella term for religious sects native to India
Jainism
Sikhism — A religion that developed in the warring plains of Punjab in an atmosphere of ideological clash between Islam and Hinduism. Its followers keep spiritual as well as martial qualities.
Ethnic religions (Folk religions) 
Donyi Poloism — originated from Arunachal Pradesh
Bathouism — originated from Assam
Sanamahism — An eastern religion developed in Manipur (politically inside India) but the ideologies and cultural heritage closer to the Sinosphere.
 
The Middle East, today largely the same as the Islamic world
Christianity — like other Abrahamic religions like Judaism and Islam, originates in the Middle East, where it is now a small minority religion.  
Islam — the majority of the world Muslim population have always lived in Asia, due to Islam spreading and becoming the main religion of these areas.
Judaism — although not as much of a presence as it once was, Judaism still exists in Asia (see Mizrahi Jews). 
Zoroastrianism, the monotheistic state religion of Sassanid Persia 
Oriental medicine 
Ayurveda
Chinese medicine
Kampo
Traditional Tibetan medicine
Traditional Korean Medicine
References 

Country classifications
Political geography
Cultural geography
The Maiden Tower, also called Giz Galasi, is in the Old City, Baku in Azerbaijan.  It is an ancient tower that shows the presence of Zoroastrians, Sassanians, Arabs, Persians, Shirvanis, Ottomans, and Russians. It was built in the 12th century as part of the walled city of Baku. It is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. The tower is one of the most noted landmarks and Azerbaijan's most distinctive national emblems.  It is on the Manat and other official letter heads.

The Maiden Tower now has a museum.

References

Towers in Asia
Buildings and structures in Baku
12th-century buildings and structures
Azerbaijani culture
World Heritage Sites in Azerbaijan
Museums in Baku
Archaeological sites in Azerbaijan
Maiden Tower may be:

 Maiden Tower (Baku), Azerbaijan
 Maiden's Tower, Turkey
 Maiden Tower (Jabrail), Azerbaijan
The Palace of the Shirvanshahs is the biggest monument of the Shirvan-Absheron branch of Azerbaijan architecture.  It is in the Inner City of Baku. There is the main building of the palace, Divanhane, the burial vaults, the shah's mosque with a minaret, Seyid Yahya Bakuvi's mausoleum, a portal in the east - Murad's gate, a reservoir and the remnants of the bath-house.

The palace is shown on the front of the Azerbaijani 10,000 manat banknote of 1994-2006. It is also on the new 10 manat banknote.

References

Palaces in Asia
Buildings and structures in Baku
15th-century buildings and structures‎
Azerbaijani culture
World Heritage Sites in Azerbaijan
Museums in Baku
Archaeological sites in Azerbaijan
The hand is a unit of measurement of length. It is now used only to measure the height of horses in some English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. This unit started in ancient Egypt and was originally based on the distance across a human hand. Today it is equal to four inches or 10.16 centimeters. It may be abbreviated to "h" or the plural "hh".

References

Horses
Units of length
Imperial units
Diwan is a collection of poems. These poems were often written and collected in the royal courts of various sultanates.  They were very well known for their ability to inspire.

Poetry
Persian literature
A hand is a body part.

Hand may also refer to:

Film and television
 The Hand (Babylon 5)
 The Hand, a short film by Wong Kar-Wai, part of the film Eros

Music

Songs
 "Hands" (Jewel song)
 "Hands" (Koda Kumi song)
 "Hands" (The Raconteurs song)

Other uses
 Hand (card games)
 Hand (unit), a measurement, primarily of a horse's height
 Hand (writing style), any of several writing styles, such as chancery hand 
 Handwriting, an individual's style of writing by hand
 Part of a clock face

Related pages
 Hand County, South Dakota
The ghazal is a poetic form that has rhyming couplets and a refrain, with each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal talks about both the pain of loss and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient.  It started in 6th century Arabic verse. It comes from the Arabian panegyric qasida. The structure of the ghazal are similar in strictness to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In its style and content it is a genre with a lot of variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. It is one of the main poetic forms the Indo-Perso-Arabic civilization gave to the eastern Islamic world. 

The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century.  This was because of the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate. Although the ghazal is mostly a form of Dari poetry and Urdu poetry, today it is found in the poetry of many languages of the Indian sub-continent.
Ghazals were written by the Persian mystics and poets Rumi (13th century) and Hafiz (14th century), the Azeri poet Fuzuli (16th century), as well as Mirza Ghalib (1797–1869) and Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938).  Through Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), the ghazal became very popular in Germany during the 19th century.  The form was used by Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866) and August von Platen (1796–1835). The Kashmiri-American poet Agha Shahid Ali liked the form. He edited a volume of "real ghazals in English". 

It is common in ghazals for the poet's name to be in the last verse.  This is known as takhallus.

Poetry forms
6th-century works
Muzaffar al-Din Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf (died 1467) was the leader of the Kara Koyunlu Oghuz Turkoman tribal federation in Azerbaijan.  He ruled from about 1438 to 1467. He grew the Kara Koyunlu’s land to its largest.  It included Western Anatolia, most of present day Iraq, central Iran, and even Kerman. He was one of the greatest rulers of the Kara Koyunlu. He was said to enjoy drinking and entertainment. During his rule Jahan Shah had the Gökmedrese and Muzafferiye theological schools built in his capital city Tabriz. Azerbaijani was his mother tongue and he wrote poems in this language.

References

1467 deaths
Azerbaijani people
Kings and queens
Year of birth unknown
The Book of Dede Korkut, also spelled as Dada Gorgud, Dede Qorqut or Qorqit ata, is the most famous epic stories of the Oghuz Turks. The stories have values important to the social lifestyle of the nomadic Turks and their pre-Islamic beliefs. The book's mythic story is part of the culture of Turkic states.  Some of those are Turkey, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and to a smaller amount Kyrgyzstan.

The stories were first told orally before they were written as a book. There are many versions of the stories. Many dates have been used for the first written copies. Geoffery Lewis dates it fairly early in the 15th century. Cemal Kafadar said that it was no earlier than the 15th century.  Stanford Jay Shaw (1977) in his history of the Ottoman empire dates it in the 14th century.

References

Asian mythology
History books
Epic poems
Turkish culture
Shah Abbas II (born 31 December 1632; died 25/26 October 1666) was Shah of Iran from 1642 to 1666. He was the seventh Shah of the Safavid Dynasty. He was the son of Shah Safi I and a Circassian, Anna Khanum. His name was Sultan Muhammed Mirza until he became Shah on 15 May 1642. Since he was less than ten years old when he became shah, the job of governing Persia was given to the grand vizier Saru Taqi.

Saru Taqi tried to end corruption. He made many enemies. On 11 October 1645 he was killed by a group of army officers. Then Khalifa Sultan became grand vizier until his death in 1653 or 1654.

Abbas' reign was mostly peaceful. It was important for not having any Ottoman attacks. In 1648 Abbas conquered Kandahar. He kept it from attacks by Mughal India. He died in Khusruabad near Damghan on the night of 25–26 October 1666.

References

 The Cambridge History of Iran Volume 6, edited by William Bayne Fisher (1968)

1632 births
1666 deaths
Shahs of Iran
The 2012 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup women's football tournament is the third such tournament.  It will be held in Azerbaijan from 22 September to 13 October, following a decision by the Executive Committee on 19 March 2010.

France won the title after defeating Korea DPR 1–1 (7–6 after pen.).

Mascot
The official mascot of this World Cup is The Top Top Girl.  This means ball in Azerbaijani.  It is a young girl with the national flag painted on her cheeks. The body is blue, red, green and white like the host's national team. Her brown hair in a ponytail is meant to look like a buta.  This is a curving decorative motif widely used in Azerbaijani art.

Qualified teams

1.Teams that made their debut.

Venues
All four venues were first to be only in Baku. 
There will also be matches in Lankaran. Tofik Bakhramov Stadium is the stadium where the final stages will be held.

Results

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Knockout stage

Awards
The following awards were given for the tournament:

References
References

Related pages
FIFA.com U-17 Women's World Cup 2012 website 

FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup
2012 in association football
21st century in Azerbaijan
Football in Azerbaijan
The Azerbaijan national futsal team is the national futsal team of Azerbaijan.  It is controlled by Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan. It represents Azerbaijan in international futsal competitions and is ranked 15 in the world.  This makes it the highest ranking team from Caucasus in the World Rankings.

Azerbaijan's first time at a big level came during UEFA European Futsal Championship 2010.

Tournament records

FIFA World Cup

UEFA European Futsal Championship

Managers
 Elman Alakbarov (2008–2009)
 Alesio (2009-present)

References

Other websites
Official website

National sports teams of Azerbaijan
Asian national futsal teams
The 2010 UEFA Futsal Championship was the sixth official edition of the UEFA-governed European Championship for national futsal teams. It was hosted by Hungary.  It was between January 19 and January 30, 2010.  There were two venues.  One was in Budapest (Papp László Sportaréna) and one in Debrecen (Főnix Arena). For the first time, twelve teams were in the final round.

Spain defeated Portugal in the final by 4–2.  This was the fifth title in a row for Spain.

Qualification
Thirty-eight nations took part in the qualifying round. Hungary was selected because they were the host.

Qualified teams

1 Bold indicates champion for that year

Venues

Final ranking

Awards

Other websites
 6th UEFA Futsal Championship - Hungary 2010 , Futsal Planet
 Official UEFA website

2010 in association football
Futsal
Sport in Budapest
21st century in Hungary
2010 in Europe
Football in Hungary
Football competitions in Europe
DreamWorks Animation is a CGI studio owned by Warner Bros.

Feature films

Released films

Direct-to-video films

Television specials

Short films

 The films that were screened as part of DreamWorks Animation Week were: Shrek, Madagascar, Kung Fu Panda, How to Train Your Dragon, The Croods, and Trolls.

DreamWorks Animation Television

SAMiscallenous
 74th Academy Awards (2002) (Did the animation for Shrek and Donkey in the audience during the award for Best Animated Feature)

Franchises

Accolades
Edwin R. Leonard, CTO of DreamWorks Animation, won a special achievement award at the 2008 Annies for driving their innovative work with open-source software and Linux.

Academy Awards

Golden Globe Awards

Annie Awards

British Academy Film Awards

Critics' Choice Movie Awards

National Board of Review

Satellite Award

Saturn Award

References
References

1994 establishments in California
American animation studios
Companies based in San Francisco
Companies listed on NASDAQ
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Glendale, California
Universal Pictures
Bagan (; also called Pagan) is an ancient city in the Mandalay region of Myanmar. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Pagan from the 9th to 13th centuries. During the kingdom's golden age between the 11th and 13th centuries, over 10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries were built in Bagan.

Now, the archaeological remains of over 2,200 of these temples and pagodas are in the surrounding plains. It is one of the biggest places for tourism in the country.

References
  ISBN 0-8248-2886-0, 978-0-8248-2886-8.

Other websites

 Myanmar (Burma) - Photo Gallery
 All about Bagan
 Images from Bagan and Burma 
 Temples of Bagan Photo Gallery Alan Ingram
 Old Bagan Photo Gallery 

Cities in Myanmar
9th-century establishments in Asia
Buddhist buildings
A user guide, also called a user manual or (less frequently) instruction manual, is a book about how to use something.

A computer usually has a user guide to tell people how to use it. A computer program also often has a user guide. 

The user guide is often written by the person who made the software. 

People who want to write a user guide must keep the words very simple so other people can understand what you are saying. It also helps to put many pictures into the user guide. 

If there are pictures, people who read or speak a different language can still understand what to do with the equipment or software.

Genres
Technology
Cyril Hubert Marie Bourlon de Rouvre is a French businessman and politician born the 19th of December 1945 at Boulogne-Billancourt.

Biography 

After studies at the  collège Maspero in Paris, then at the collège Saint-Martin de France in Pontoise, at the Oratory School in Reading, at the Collège Saint-Jean in Fribourg and at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly, Cyril Bourlon de Rouvre study electrical engineering at Jussieu before being graduate aerospace engineer at the Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées.
In 1979, at the death of his father, murdered by his valet, he inherits a large real estate holdings, a sugar refinery and 28 companies. He is CEO of Financière Robur et de Cofragec (1982-1992), of Coficine (1984-1992), of Gestimage (1985-1992), of Fabriques Sucre company (1987-1992), of Robur DA (1988-1992), of SFDIC (1990-1992), general manager of  Éditions Robur (1986-1992), of Elphora (1983-1992), of Société Joyeux (1985-1992), of Vrille (1987-1992), of 3C (1988-1992) and of the Films de La Tour (1989-1992).

In 1987, he started a new career into film distribution by acquiring, from the producer Robert Dorfmann, by one of its companies, the Financière Robur, Cofragec company with its catalog of 650 films including La Grande Vadrouille or La Vache et le Prisonnier.
In 1989, he starts a political career in Haute-Marne, department where which his grandfather Charles de Rouvre was deputy during the French Third Republic. He is elected mayor of Chaumont, without political party against the centrist senator and mayor Georges Berchet, and regional councilor for the region Champagne-Ardenne (1992-1998).

Owner of the Formula 1 team AGS from March 1989 to 1991, he swallowed $18 million and began selling activities of his group, about 70 companies: First Transair, then the sugar factory, sold to the Compagnie de Navigation Mixte, and in 1992, the catalog movies, lent to UGC in the form of a merger. In 1991, he gives AGS the Italians Gabriele Rafanelli  and Patrizio Cantu.
In 1992, Cyril de Rouvre buys the Formula 1 team Guy Ligier for an estimated price of 200 million of francs. With his new owner, the team start again to be competitive and the 1993 season is a success, with a 5th place in the constructor rank (the best results since 1986). But the involvement of Cyril de Rouvre lasts only one season because of legal troubles.

The 14th of December 1993, the judge Eva Joly incarcerated him at the Fleury-Mérogis Prison, as part of a complaint for fraud filed by the leaders of UGC, Guy Verrecchia and Alain Sussfeld, following the takeover in June 1992 the company Cofragec. This company has been emptied of its assets, leaving a liability estimated at 172.6 million francs. Cyril de Rouvre had promised to repay this sum at the end of 1992 but at that time, he still had 100 million. On 5 May 1993, leaders of UGC have filed a complaint against him. He spent two months in prison.

In early 1994, he sold Ligier to Flavio Briatore.
He lost the mayor of Chaumont at the French municipal elections of 1995.

In 1996, a judicial investigation was opened against him at the Tribunal de grande instance of Chaumont. He appeared before the Criminal Court of this city in September 1999 for tax evasion. Knowing that the prosecution had asked him against three years imprisonment and 20-year ban on company management, he is sentenced the 19th of December 1999, date of his birthday, to 18 months imprisonment suspended and a ban from managing a company for 3 years and a fine large tax.

Bibliography 
 Who's Who in France, 2002-2003, Levallois-Perret, Jacques Lafitte Editions, 2002, p. 1648

References 

1945 births
Living people
Alumni of the Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées
Formula One people
French businesspeople
French mayors
Politicians from Boulogne-Billancourt
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Settlement may refer to:
Human settlement, a place where people live
Illegal settlement, a settlement built in a violation of some law
Urban settlement, a settlement in an urban area
Rural settlement, a settlement in a rural area
 a space colony
Settlement (closing), as in a real estate closing with transfer of title deed to the buyer
Settlement (finance), the process of exchanging the consideration for financial instruments once a transaction has been executed
Settlement (litigation), an agreement or resolution of a dispute
Structural settlement - The disruption or distortion of a vital part of a building or bridge, especially the foundation.

Related pages 

 Settler, someone who lives in a settlement
Romanians are a ethnic group and nation native to Romania.

References

Ethnic groups in Europe
With the help of some other molecules, it makes messenger RNA from a strand of a DNA. This is its main function, but it does various other things. Products of RNAP include:
Messenger RNA (mRNA). These are templates for the synthesis of proteins by ribosomes.
Non-coding RNA or "RNA genes". These are a broad class of genes that encode RNA which is not translated into protein. The most important RNA genes are transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), both of which are involved in the process of translation. However, since the late 1990s, many new RNA genes have been found, and thus RNA genes may play a much more significant role than previously thought.
Transfer RNA (tRNA)—transfers specific amino acids to growing polypeptide chains at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)—a component of ribosomes
Micro RNA—regulates gene activity
Catalytic RNA (Ribozyme)—enzymatically active RNA molecules

In eukaryotes
In eukaryotes

Eukaryotes have various RNAPs in their nuclei, each to synthesis a type of RNA.  All are similar and related to each other and to bacterial RNAP:
RNA polymerase I synthesizes a pre-rRNA which will form the major RNA sections of the ribosome.
RNA polymerase II synthesizes precursors of mRNAs and most snRNA and microRNAs. This is the most studied type. It needs a range of transcription factors to bind it to promoters.
RNA polymerase III synthesizes tRNAs, rRNA 5S and other small RNAs found in the nucleus and cytosol.
RNA polymerase IV synthesizes siRNA in plants.
RNA polymerase V synthesizes RNAs involved in siRNA-directed heterochromatin formation in plants.

Eukaryotic chloroplasts have an RNAP very similar to bacterial RNAP ("plastid-encoded polymerase"). Eukaryotic chloroplasts also have a second, unrelated, RNAP.

Eukaryotic mitochondria contain an unrelated RNAP (member of the "single-subunit RNAP" protein family).
X-ray crystallography of  DNA and RNA polymerases show that, other than having a Mg2+ ion at the catalytic site, they are virtually unrelated to each other. So the two classes of enzyme have arisen independently twice in the early evolution of cells. One line led to the modern DNA polymerases and reverse transcriptases. The other line led to all  modern cellular RNA polymerases.

References 

RNA
Enzymes
Molecular biology
Weronika Książkiewicz (born March 21, 1981) is a Polish movie and television actress.

Early life 
Weronika Książkiewicz born in 1981 in Moscow. Her mother is Polish and her father is Russian. Weronika has a son, Borys Aleksander.
Filmography 
 1999-2005: Lokatorzy as Małgorzata
 2000: Plebania as Ola
 2002-2008: Samo Życie as Ewa
 2003-2004: Glina
 2004: Talki z resztą
 2004: Stacyjka as Iga
 2004: Panienki as Ania
 2004: Clap projekt - Camerimage as dancer
 2004-2008: Kryminalni as Kinga
 2005: Wiedźmy
 2005: Karol: A Man Who Became Pope as Mrs. Waechter
 2005: Zakręcone as Anna
 2006: Oficerowie as Mrs. Wasowska
 2006: Mrok as "Pussi
 2007: Dylematu 5 as Nadia
 2007: Prawo miasta as Jaga
 2008: Little Moscow (2008 film)
 2008: 39 i pół as actress
 2008: BrzydUla as Klaudia
 2008: Londyńczycy as Agnieszka
 2008: I kto tu rządzi as Ewelina
 2008: Rozmowy nocą as Weronika
 2008: Ile waży koń trojański? as Jola
 2009: Rajskie klimaty as Marta
 2009: Złoty środek as Kasia
 2010: Na Wspólnej as Laura
 2011: Hotel 52 as Sylwia
 2011: Los numeros as Iwona
 2011: Chichot losu as Agata
 2011: Linia Życia as Patrycja
 2011: Rezydencja as Julia
 2012: Piąty stadion as Anna
 2016: L'ispettore Coliandro (ITA) - S05E01 as Natasha

Other websites
Other websites

Entertainers from Moscow
Polish movie actors
Polish television actors
1981 births
Living people
Gameloft S. A. ("SA" means Société anonyme, a French company type) is a developer and publisher for mobile games, for example Java-based phones, Android, and iPhone. Its headquarters are in Paris, France. It was founded in the year 1999 by Michel Guillemot, who stepped down as head of the company during mass media company Vivendi's hostile takeover of Gameloft in 2015.

History 
The company was founded in 1999, but it really started to make profits in 2003. At the end of 2007, Gameloft announced that it is now the biggest video game company for mobile devices, with a revenue of 26 million euros. At that moment, more than 4,000 employees were working for Gameloft.

In 2011, Gameloft had a revenue of US$164.4 million. This is an increase of 17% compared to 2010. Its games have been downloaded more than 125 million times.

Further information
Gameloft Live 
Gameloft released a system called "Gameloft Live", a community platform for games. It lets players share their results, create profiles, etc. A free registration is required to use it. Games that support online multiplayer use Gameloft Live as their connection platform.

References

Other websites 
 Official website

Video game companies of Europe
1999 establishments in France
Companies based in Paris
Adolfo Suárez, Madrid-Barajas Airport is Madrid's biggest airport. It is in the district of Barajas, northeast of the centre of Madrid. On March 24, 2014, the Spanish government announced that they will rename the airport after last Prime Minister of Spain Adolfo Suarez.

History 
The airport was originally set up in 1931.  At first it was only a small building. The first terminal, now known as Terminal 2, was built in 1952. Air traffic increased. It was designed by Madrid-based architect Antonio Lamela. Because of this the airport was again expanded in 1971.  Terminal 1 was made.  It was meant for international traffic. In 1997, Terminal 3, then known as Terminal Norte opened.  It was mainly for the Air Shuttle service between Madrid and Barcelona. Terminal 4 was opened, together with its satellite terminal, in February 2006.
Terminals 
The airport has four terminal buildings and a satellite terminal: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T4S. 
The three first are connected. T4 can be reached with a free shuttle bus. The satellite terminal is reachable from the T4 by an underground automatic train.

Statistics

Public transport 
The metro de Madrid underground line 8 stops at terminal T2 and at terminal T4, and a supplement applies for both stops. Renfe commuter trains (Cercanías) on the C-1 line stop at terminal T4. The airport is also connected by bus and coach services to regional and national destinations.

Gallery

References

Other websites 

 Official website



Madrid
Airport
Adolfo Suárez
1931 establishments in Europe
1930s establishments in Spain
Jeffrey Leon “Jeff” Bridges (born December 4, 1949) is an American actor and singer. he was born in Los Angeles, California to actor Lloyd Bridges (1913-1998) and actress Dorothy Bridges (née Simpson, 1915-2009). His brother Beau Bridges (born 1941) is also an actor.

Bridges has starred in many movies, including: Starman, The Fisher King, The Vanishing, The Big Lebowski, Arlington Road, The Contender, K-PAX, Seabiscuit, The Door in the Floor, Iron Man, Crazy Heart and True Grit.

On October 19, 2020, Bridges announced that he had been diagnosed with lymphoma and has gone through chemotherapy. Bridges also announced he contracted COVID-19 while in treatment and noted it was a difficult experience which he said made cancer "look like a piece of cake." He said he is now fully vaccinated against COVID-19.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

1949 births
Living people
Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Los Angeles
American child actors
Country musicians from California
American movie actors
American movie producers
American television actors
American voice actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Singers from Los Angeles