Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Toa Payoh MRT station (NS19) is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South Line in Toa Payoh, Singapore. Located within the town centre of Toa Payoh, this station is connected to Toa Payoh Bus Interchange and the HDB Hub.

Toa Payoh was the first MRT station in Singapore to be completed, topping out on 5 August 1985.

The station was the first underground station in the world to be fitted with platform screen doors. This station was among the first phase of MRT stations, from Toa Payoh to Yio Chu Kang, to be opened in Singapore on 7 November 1987. Today, the concourse area bears the inauguration plate of Singapore's MRT system.

References

Related pages
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)

Other websites

 

1987 establishments in Singapore
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) stations
The Buru Quartet is a series of four books written by Indonesian author Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The novels are:
 This Earth of Mankind
 Child of All Nations
 Footsteps
 House of Glass.

The books were published between 1980 and 1988. Indonesian president Suharto banned the books. The next president B.J. Habibie also banned them. In 2000, the Indonesian government stopped banning the books so people in Indonesia could read them legally.

Story
The novels tell the story of the Indonesian National Awakening Movement between 1898 and 1918. The main character is Minke. He is born in 1900, the son of a regent. Minke is educated by the Dutch. He is based on an early Indonesian journalist named Raden Tirto Adhi Soerjo.

References

Other websites
 Buru Quartet review by the Asian Review of Books

Indonesian culture
Novels
Formoso is a city in Jewell County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 93 people lived there.

History 
The first post office at Formoso was founded in December 1887.

Formoso was founded about 1889.

Geography 
Formoso is at  (39.779355, -97.992458).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 93 people, 48 households, and 26 families living in the city.

Education 
Formoso is a part of USD 107 Rock Hills Schools. The Rock Hills High School mascot is Rock Hills Grizzlies.

Formoso schools closed through school unification. The Formoso High School mascot was Formoso Falcons.

References

Other websites 
City
 Formoso - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 107, local school district
Maps
 Formoso City Map, KDOT

Cities in Jewell County, Kansas
Esbon is a city in Jewell County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 99 people lived there.

History 
Esbon was planned out in 1873. It was incorporated as a city in 1904.

The first post office in Esbon was created in January 1874.

Esbon was a shipping point on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad.

Geography 
Esbon is at  (39.822656, -98.433762).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 99 people, 52 households, and 24 families living in the city.

References

Other websites 
City
 Esbon - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 107, local school district
Pictures
 Historic Images of Esbon, Wichita State University Library
Maps
 Esbon City Map, KDOT

Cities in Jewell County, Kansas
Dresden is a city in Decatur County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 41 people lived there.

History 
Dresden was created in 1888. It was named by German settlers after the city of Dresden, in Germany.

The first post office in Dresden was created in October 1888.

Dresden was a station on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad.

Geography 
Dresden is at  (39.622221, -100.421403).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 41 people, 19 households, and 12 families living in the city.

References

Other websites 
City
 Dresden - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 294, local school district
Maps
 Dresden City Map, KDOT

1888 establishments in Kansas
Cities in Kansas
Summit is a city in Oklahoma in the United States.

Cities in Oklahoma
Cuba is a city in Crawford County in the state of Missouri in the United States.

References 

Cities in Missouri
This Earth of Mankind is the first book in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Buru Quartet. Hasta Mitra first published it in 1980. The story happens at the end of the Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia. Pramoedya wrote the novel in prison on Buru island in eastern Indonesia. Pramoedya told the story aloud to other prisoners in 1973 because he was not allowed to write. The story spread through all the prisoners until 1975. Then Pramoedya was finally allowed to write the full story.

The main character and narrator of This Earth of Mankind is a Javanese boy named Minke. He attends an elite Dutch school. Minke's life becomes  dangerous when he falls in love with Annelies, the beautiful Indo daughter of Nyai Ontosoroh. In This Earth of Mankind, Pramoedya showed the racism of the Dutch colony.
The Indonesian Attorney General banned This Earth of Mankind in 1981. Many copies of the first editions survived. In 2005 the publisher Lentera Depantara started to publish it again in Indonesia. It had already been published worldwide in 33 languages.

Plot summary
This Earth of Mankind tells the story of Minke. He is a Javanese minor royal who studies at a Dutch Hogere Burger School. At that time, usually only Europeans could study there. Minke is a talented young writer. His writing is published in several Dutch-language journals. They are popular. But many of Minke's classmates hate him because he is native. His classmates are all at least partly European descent.

Minke meets an unusual Indonesian woman, Nyai Ontosoroh. She is the concubine of a Dutch man called Herman Mellema. Minke falls in love with their daughter, Annelies. They marry in an Islamic wedding. But by Dutch law, they are not marriedbecause it was native and Annelies' Dutch guardians did not approve.
It was common for local women to become the concubines of Dutch men living in the East Indies. Their children were either illegitimate "natives" and lost legal rights. Or if their father accepted them as his children they were called "Indos". Then the mother lost all rights over their children. Nyai Ontosoro suffers because of her low status and lack of rights. But, she believes education is the way to show her basic humanity. She believes that learning is the way to oppose racism, stupidity, and poverty. However, deciding to make her children Herman Mellema's children causes terrible problems for them.

Published by ex-political prisoners
After release from detention in April 1980 Pramoedya and Hasjim Rachman met with Joesoef Isak. Rachman had been editor of the Eastern Star. Isak used to be a journalist at the Merdeka  newspaper. He had been in Salemba prison. They agreed to publish works by ex-political prisoners that other publishers would not.
They chose This Earth of Mankind (Bumi Manusia) as the first book. Pramoedya began working hard on the papers that he had brought from the Buru island. Prison officials had taken most of his writing. At the same time, Hasjim and Joesoef talked to government officials, including the Vice-President, Adam Malik. They were positive about the plans.

In July 1980, the manuscript of This Earth of Mankind was sent to the Aga Press printers. 5,000 copies of This Earth of Mankind sold in 12 days. Soon other publishers in Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Netherlands, and Australia asked the publishers, Hasta Mitra, for permission to make translations. The Wira Karya publishing house in Malaysia paid royalties of as much as 12% direct to Pramoedya.
By November, Hasta Mitra had published its third edition, and had sold about 10,000 copies. The book was well-received critically. It was called "the best work of literature of our times." The Armed Forces daily newspaper called it "a new contribution to the treasury of Indonesian literature".

Banned
the Attorney General of Indonesia banned This Earth of Mankind in 1981. He said it promoted Marxist-Leninist ideas and Communism. Neither are in the book.

First, the Ampat Lima printing house were told to not print any books published by Hasta Mitra. The editors of major media were told that they were not allowed to review or praise This Earth of Mankind or any of Pramoedya's other writing.

In April 1981, some New Order youth groups criticized Pramoedya's writing. Mass media reported this as the people not liking Pramoedya's work. New Order media such as Suara Karya, Pelita and Karya Dharma began publishing criticisms of This Earth of Mankind and its author.
The Association of Indonesian Publishers (IKAPI) had been planning an exhibition of books that year. They canceled Hasta Mitra's membership in the association. IKAPI had been enthusiastic about asking the publisher to become a member and be involved in its activities. Newspapers that used to support Pramoedya stopped publishing his writing. They also started rejecting writing by authors who supported Pramoedya.

Finally, on 29 May 1981, the Attorney General published regulation SK-052/JA/5/1981 about the banning of This Earth of Mankind and its sequel Child of All Nations (Anak Semua Bangsa). The regulation mentioned a letter from Suharto.

The Attorney General's office took all copies of This Earth of Mankind and Child of All Nations tried to take all copies of the books from all book shops. However, by August 1981, they only took 972 copies of the books although about 20,000 copies had been printed.
The translator of This Earth of Mankind into English, Maxwell Lane, was a staff member of the Australian Embassy in Jakarta. The Australian Government recalled him in September 1981. The Ampat Lima printing company closed because of pressure from the Attorney General's office and the Interior Ministry.
Translations into other languages
 Bumi Manusia, Hasta Mitra, 1980 (Jakarta, Indonesian)
 Aarde Der Mensen, Manus Amici, 1981 (Amsterdam, Dutch)
 Ren Shi Jian, Beijing Da Xue, 1982 (Beijing, Chinese)
 Ren Shi Jian, Dou Shi Chu Ban Selangor, 1983 (Malaysia, Chinese)
 Bumi Manusia, Wira Karya, 1983, (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian)
 This Earth of Mankind, Penguin Book, 1983 (Australia, English)
 Garten der Menschheit, Express Editio, 1984 (Berlin, German)
 Im Garten der Menschheit, Albert Klutsch-Verlags-Vertrag, 1984 (German)
 Människans Jord, Förlaget Hjulet, 1986 (Stockholm, Swedish)
 Ningen No Daichi, Shinkuwara Mekong Published, 1986 (Japanese)
 MИP ЧEЛOBEЧECKИЙ, Radooga Moskwa 1986 (Russian)
 CBIT ЛЮДCbKЙ, In Ukrainian, 1986 (Ukrainian)
 Garten der Menschheit, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, 1987 (German)
 Aarde der mensen, Unieboek, 1987 (Amsterdam, Dutch)
 Ang Daigdig ng Tao, Solidaridad Publishing House, 1989 (Manila, Filipino)
 Questa Terra Dell'Uomo, Il Saggiatore, 1990 (Milan, Italy)
Minke, O Neul Publishing, 1990 (Korean)
 This Earth of Mankind, Penguin Book, 1990 (New York, English)
 This Earth of Mankind, William Morrow & Co., Inc, 1991 (New York, English)
 Människans Jord, Norstedts Förlag AB, 1992 (Stockholm, Swedish)
 Tierra Humana, Txalaparta, 1995 (Navarre, Spanish)
 Erbe Einer Versunkenen Welt, Verlag Volt und Welt, 1996 (German)
 Aarde der mensen, Uitgeverij De Geus, 1999 (Breda)
 This Earth of Mankind, Penguin Book, 2000 (Italy)
 Le Monde des Hommes, Payot & Rivages, 2001 (Paris, French)
 Menneskenes Jord, Pax Forlag A/S, 2001 (Oslo, Norwegian)
 Tiera Humana, Edisiones Destino, S.A., 2001 (Barcelona, Spanish)
 This Earth of Mankind, Bertrand Editorial, 2002 (Portuguese)
 This Earth of Mankind, Leopard Förlag, 2002 (Swedish)
 Bumi Manusia, Radio 68H, 2002 (Radio Broadcast, Indonesian)
 Esta estranha terra, Livros Quetzal, 2003 (Portuguese)
 Människornas Jord, Leopard Förlag, 2003 (Stockholm, Swedish)
 ?, Alfa-Narodna Knjiga, 2003 (Serbian)
แผ่นดินของชีวิต, Kobfai Publishing, 2003 (Thai)
 Bumi Manusia, Lentera Dipantara, 2005 (Indonesian)
 دھرتی کا دکھ, Mas'ud Ash'ar, 2009 (Lahore, Urdu)
 'Manushya Bhoomi' tr.by S.A.Qudsi,(Malayalam-Indian)- Chintha Pub-2011
Adaptation
This Earth of Mankind was made into an Indonesian language movie. Production started in 2006. Armantono wrote the script.
The moviewas shown in Indonesian movie theaters in August 2019.

References

Novels
Censorship
Indonesian culture
1980 books
Widnau is a municipality in Rheintal in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Widnau Online Official website 

Municipalities in Rheintal
Madagascar Kartz is a racing game based on DreamWorks Animation's Madagascar. It was released in 2009.

The game was released in 2009. The Nintendo DS version was re-released together with Shrek's Carnival Craze Party Games.

Gameplay 
The game is a basic kart racing game and the player can perform jumps, flips, and rolls.

Characters include Alex the Lion, Marty the Zebra, Melman the Giraffe, Gloria the Hippopotamus, The Penguins, The Chimps, and King Julien from the Madagascar films. Two characters from other movies is a Shrek from Shrek, and B.O.B. from Monsters vs. Aliens, all DreamWorks Animation franchises. 

Race types include Quick Race, Championship, Time Trial and Checkpoint race. 

A Championship race is one where the player collects mangoes and tries to finish first place.

In Time Trial, players beat their own times and earn medals (gold, silver and bronze). 

In Checkpoint Race, players collects hourglasses before the time runs out.  

"I Like to Move It", sung by Reel 2 Real, is the menu theme.
References

Video games
Madagascar (franchise)
Superior is a city in Nuckolls County, Nebraska, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the city population was 1,825.

References

Cities in Nebraska
Li Yugang is a singer and artist from Jilin, China. He was the second Chinese person to sing at the Sydney Opera House.

Life 
Li Yugang was born into a farming family in Jilin province in 1978. He started in opera when he was a child. Despite this, he could not study at a university as his parents were too poor to support this. Instead, he worked in various jobs in Changchun after finishing high school.

Li Yugang was went to Xi'an in 1998. There he became known for singing both roles a duets by himself. He was first exposed to the Nandan art in Peking Opera and became very interested in it.

Work 

In August 2006, Li Yugang became famous by participating in the Xingguang Dadao.

In February 23 2009, Li Yugang joined in the China Opera and Dance Theater as a "special talent people".
From 2010–2014, Li Yugang created "Flower in the Mirror, Moon in the Water" () and "Portrait of Four Ancient Beauties" (). Together he performed over 100 shows in the country and internationally. Li Yugang also released 3 CDs from his company "The New Drunken Beauty" (), "The Dream Chaser" () and "Lotus Flower" (). In 2014, the Rhymoi Music company released Li Yugang's "Once Upon a Time in Shanghai" () CD album. In 2015, Li Yugang directed and starred in his own stage masterpiece "Lady Zhaojun" (), a grand Oriental Poetic Stage production which took him three years in preparation.

References

Other websites 
CCTV-星播客-男扮女装李玉刚
李玉剛國際粉絲團 (Yugang International Fans) (Facebook Account)
Li Yugang Fan Club（李玉剛粉絲頁）(Facebook Account)
李玉刚的个人空间 -哔哩哔哩

Living people
1978 births
Chinese singers
Chinese stage actors
People from Jilin
Arthur Ronald Marks (August 2, 1927 – November 13, 2019) was an American movie and television director, writer, and producer. He was best known for his work in the blaxploitation genre. He was born in Los Angeles, California

His best known movies are Bonnie's Kids, Detroit 9000, Friday Foster, Bucktown, The Monkey Hu$tle and J. D.'s Revenge. He also directed and produced many episodes of the American legal drama Perry Mason, as well as episodes of Starsky & Hutch, Mannix, I Spy, My Friend Tony ,The Dukes of Hazzard", Steve Canyon , and Young Daniel Boone.

Marks died on November 13, 2019 in Los Angeles at the age of 92.

References

Other websites

1927 births
2019 deaths
American television writers
American television producers
American television directors
Movie directors from Los Angeles
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Screenwriters from Los Angeles
Anton Mavretič (11 December 1934 – 21 November 2019) was a Slovene electrical engineer. He worked in the United States. He died on 21 November 2019 at the age of 84. He was born in Metlika, Slovenia.

Mavretič was professor and research associate at the Center for Space Physics at Boston University. He was a corresponding member of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts from June 2007 until his death. In 1985 he founded his consulting firm SIAT of Boston LLC.

Mavretič worked for the MIT Center for Space Research under contract for NASA from 1972 to 1979. He worked for the development of plasma spectrometers for Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 projects.

References

1934 births
2019 deaths
American electrical engineers
Slovenian scientists
Gahan Wilson (February 18, 1930 – November 21, 2019) was an American author, cartoonist and illustrator. His cartoons appeared on Playboy, Collier's and The New Yorker for almost 50 years. Wilson wrote and illustrated a short story for Harlan Ellison's anthology Again, Dangerous Visions (1972). 

In March 2019, Wilson was diagnosed with dementia. He died from problems caused by the disease on November 21, 2019 in Scottsdale, Arizona at the age of 89.

References

Other websites
 Lambiek: Gahan Wilson
 Audio recording of Mr. Wilson as moderator and participant in panel discussion at the First World Fantasy Convention in 1975.

1930 births
2019 deaths
American cartoonists
American illustrators
Writers from Evanston, Illinois
Deaths from dementia
Disease-related deaths in Arizona
Daniel Leclercq (4 September 1949 – 22 November 2019) was a French football defender and manager. He played 440 matches from 1967 to 1984 for US Valenciennes, Olympique de Marseille and RC Lens. He later managed clubs from 1986 to 2017. 

He remains the only manager to have led RC Lens to the Ligue 1 championship.

Leclercq died in Martinique on 22 November 2019 from a pulmonary embolism at the age of 70.

References

1949 births
2019 deaths
Footballers from Nord
French football managers
Vilters-Wangs is a municipality in Sarganserland in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 

Municipalities in Sarganserland
Sevelen is a municipality in Werdenberg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Kaare Reidar Norum (24 December 1932 – 22 November 2019) was a Norwegian educator and nutritionist. He was born in Oslo. He was hired as a docent at the University of Oslo in 1969. He became a professor in 1972. He was vice dean of the Faculty of Medicine from 1983 to 1985, dean from 1986 to 1988 and rector from 1999 to 2001.

He was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1986 until his death.

Norum became a member of  in 1971 and has chaired the council several times. He worked with Ingrid Espelid Hovig.

References

1932 births
2019 deaths
Scientists from Oslo
Norwegian educators
Oberuzwil is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Marbach is a municipality in Rheintal in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 

Municipalities in Rheintal
Henry Isaac Sobel (9 January 1944 – 22 November 2019) was a Portuguese-born Brazilian-American reform rabbi. He was president of the Congregação Israelita Paulista (CIP), a major Jewish congregation in São Paulo, Brazil.

On March 23, 2007, Sobel was arrested in Palm Beach, Florida, accused of shoplifting US$680 worth of neckties. He was released on a $3,000 bail and returned to São Paulo. 

Sobel died of lung cancer on 22 November 2019 in Miami, Florida at the age of 75.

References

1944 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Florida
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Miami
People from Lisbon
American rabbis
Brazilian people
Bowen Dow Stassforth (August 7, 1926 – November 22, 2019) was an American competition swimmer. He won a silver medal in the 200 m breaststroke at the 1952 Olympics and set two world records in the 200-yard (long course) breaststroke. and one world record in the 100 meter (long course) breaststroke

Stassforth died at his home in Rancho Palos Verdes, California on November 22, 2019 at the age of 93.

References

1926 births
2019 deaths
American swimmers
American Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Rancho Palos Verdes (also known by the abbreviation RPV) is a city in Los Angeles County, California.  The population was 42,287 at the 2020 census.

References

Cities in California
Settlements in Los Angeles County, California
Jessica Hecht (born June 28, 1965) is an American actress and singer. She played Gretchen Schwartz on Breaking Bad and as Susan Bunch on Friends. She was born in Princeton, New Jersey. Hecht was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Featured Actress for her role in A View from the Bridge on Broadway.

References

Other websites

1965 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
People from Bloomfield, Connecticut
Actors from Connecticut
Singers from Connecticut
Actors from New Jersey
People from Princeton, New Jersey
Singers from New Jersey
Actors from New York City
Singers from New York City
Lord Ayyappa was the son of Vishnu & ShivaLord Ayyappa is a very popular Hindu deity, which is mainly worshipped in South India. He is also spelt as Ayyappa. It is believed that he was born out of the union between Lord Shiva and the mythical Mohini, who is also regarded as an avatar of Lord Vishnu. Therefore, Ayyappa is also called as ‘ Hariharan Puthiran’ which means the son of both Hari or Vishnu and ‘ Haran’ or Shiva.

Hindu gods and goddesses
Deo Surya Mandir is one of the Hindu sun temples in Deo, Bihar. The 8th century old temple is believed to be built by God Goldsmiths Vishwkarma. Sun temple at Deo in Aurangabad district is famous for ‘Chhath puja’ congregation.

References

Hindu temples
8th-century establishments in Asia
Desmond Kevin Howard (born May 15, 1970) is an American former professional football player in the National Football League (NFL) . Howard was known mostly as a return specialist but also played wide receiver. He is currently a college football analyst for ESPN.

1970 births
Living people
American football wide receivers
Detroit Lions players
Green Bay Packers players
Heisman Trophy winners
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Oakland Raiders players
Washington Redskins players
The United States shares international land borders with two nations:

 The Canada–United States border, to the north
 The Mexico–United States border, to the south
The border of the United States and Canada, officially known as the International Boundary, is the longest international border in the world shared between the same pair of countries.  The terrestrial boundary (including small portions of maritime boundaries on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic coasts, as well as the Great Lakes) is  long, including  shared with Alaska. It is Canada's only land border.

Geography of Canada
Borders of the United States
Gem is a city in Thomas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 88 people lived there.

History 
Gem was a shipping point on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad. The town was named from the Gem Ranch.

The first post office in Gem was created in 1885. It was closed in March 2014.

Geography 
Gem is at  (39.425730, -100.896294).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 88 people, 36 households, and 26 families living in the city.

References

Other websites 
City
 Gem - Directory of Public Officials
Maps
 Gem City Map, KDOT

Cities in Thomas County, Kansas
Copeland is a city in Gray County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2010 census, 310 people lived there.

History 
Copeland was founded in 1912. It was named for E. L. Copeland, an official of the Santa Fe Railroad.

The first post office in Copeland was founded in October 1912.

Geography 
Copeland is at  (37.540199, -100.630236).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 310 people, 112 households, and 87 families living in the city.

Education 
South Gray Schools has two parts: Copeland USD 476 and Montezuma USD 371. They include an Elementary school and Junior High School in Copeland, and an Elementary and High School in Montezuma.

Before to school unification, Copeland was home to Copeland High School, which had a mascot known as the Vikings.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

City
 Copeland - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 476, local school district
Maps
 Copeland City Map, KDOT

Cities in Gray County, Kansas
Montezuma is a city in Gray County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 966 people lived there.

History 
Montezuma was founded in 1879, and relocated in 1912 to the Santa Fe Railroad. It was named after Moctezuma II, ruler of the Aztec Empire.

Geography 
Montezuma is at  (37.595353, -100.442205).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

Climate 
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system says that Montezuma has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 966 people, 366 households, and 249 families living in the city.

Education 
Montezuma is a part of USD 371 South Gray Schools. USD 371 and USD 476 share South Gray High School. The South Gray High School mascot is South Gray Rebels.
Before to school unification, the Montezuma High School mascot was Montezuma Indians. The Montezuma Indians won the Kansas State High School boys class BB basketball championship in 1955.

References

Other websites 
City
 Montezuma - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 371, local school district
Maps
 Montezuma City Map, KDOT

1879 establishments in Kansas
Cities in Gray County, Kansas
Berolle is a municipality of the district Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Bougy-Villars is a municipality of the district of Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Stuart is a town in southeastern Oklahoma.

References

Towns in Oklahoma
Soper is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.

Towns in Oklahoma
Denges is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is located in the district of Morges and is situated on the north shore of Lake Geneva. The village of Denges has a population of approximately 1,500 people and covers an area of 1.67 square kilometers. It is surrounded by farmland and vineyards, and is known for its beautiful countryside and charming Swiss architecture.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Clarmont is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Bière is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Mandiraja Market (Indonesian: Pasar Mandiraja) is a traditional market in the village of Mandirajakulon, Indonesia. It is one of the largest traditional markets in the Banjarnegara District. It was created by the Banjarnegara District government.

References

Other websites

 Website Resmi Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Street markets
Central Java
Full Blast is a 1999 Canadian movie, directed by Rodrigue Jean.

Cast
 David La Haye as Steph
 Martin Desgagné as Piston
 Louise Portal as Rose
 Marie-Jo Thério as Marie-Lou
 Patrice Godin as Charles
 Daniel Desjardins as Chico
 Luc Proulx as Steph's father
 Danica Arsenault as Juliette
 Danny Jacobs as Curt (uncredited)

Other websites
 

1999 movies
Canadian movies
A zero-sum game is a term in game theory and economic theory. 

It is a mathematical representation of a situation. Each individual's gain or loss of utility is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the utility of the other participants. If the total gains of the participants are added up and the total losses are subtracted, they will add up to zero. So, cutting a cake is a zero-sum game. 

Not so obvious, but essential, is how players (participants) value the cake. A zero-sum game exists if and only if all players value the cake equally (see marginal utility).

Game theory
María Asunción Balaguer Golobart (8 November 1925 – 23 November 2019) was a Spanish actress. She appeared in more than 100 movies and television shows from 1952 to 2016. In 1983, she played El barón, by Leandro Fernández de Moratín. In 1984, she played La cena del rey Baltasar, by Pedro Calderón de la Barca. Her best known roles include: El canto del gallo, The Witching Hour and The Bird of Happiness.

Balaguer died on 23 November 2019 in Madrid of multiple organ failure caused by a stroke, aged 94.

References

Other websites

1925 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Spanish movie actors
Spanish television actors
Actors from Madrid
The 2019–20 Colombian protests are a collection of protests that have occurred since 21 November 2019. Hundreds of thousands of Colombians protested to support the Colombian peace process and against the government of Iván Duque Márquez.

There were further protests in Colombia in 2021.

References

2019 in South America
2010s riots
2020 in South America
2020s riots
Crime in South America
December 2019 events
February 2020 events
2019-20 protests
January 2020 events
November 2019 events
2020 protests
Sir Stephen Cleobury  ( ; 31 December 1948 – 22 November 2019) was an English organist and Director of Music. He was known for his works with the Choir of King's College, Cambridge and the BBC Singers.

He was knighted in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to choral music.

Cleobury died on 22 November 2019, in his hometown of York, North Yorkshire of cancer, aged 70.

References

Other websites
 
 Stephen Cleobury Edition Peters
 Biography of Stephen Cleobury (conductor) Bach-Cantatas
 King's College (accessed November 2006)
 Stephen Cleobury discography, AllMusic
 Stephen Cleobury interviewed by Alan Macfarlane 4 July 2008 (video)
 Stephen Cleobury interviewed by Barry Rose, 1987
 Stephen Cleobury Biography at concertorganists.com

1948 births
2019 deaths
Cancer deaths in England
English organists
British conductors
Writers from Kent
Teck Ghee MRT station (CR12) is a future underground Mass Rapid Transit station on the Cross Island MRT line located on the boundary of Ang Mo Kio and Bishan planning areas, Singapore.

History
The station was first announced on 25 January 2019 as part of the Cross Island Line (CRL). Construction will start in 2020 and expected to be completed by 2029.

References

Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) stations
Ensign is a city in Gray County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 187 people lived there.

History 
Ensign was first called Lone Lake, and planned out about 1886. It was renamed Ensign in 1888 in honor of its founder, G. L. Ensign.

Geography 
Ensign is at  (37.652608, -100.232657).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 187 people, 76 households, and 52 families living in the city.

Economy 
The Gray County Wind Farm near Ensign is the largest wind farm in Kansas.

Education 
Ensign is a part of USD 102 Cimarron-Ensign. Ensign had its own high school until 1984. The Ensign High School mascot was Ensign Wildcats.

Notable people 
 John Crutcher, former Lieutenant Governor of Kansas.

References

Other websites 
City
 City website
 Ensign - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 102, local school district
Maps
 Ensign City Map, KDOT

Cities in Gray County, Kansas
Frank J. Gaffney Jr. (born 5 April 1953) is an American anti-Muslim conspiracy theorist. He is the founder and president of the Center for Security Policy. 

In the 1970s and 1980s he worked in many roles for the federal government, such as seven months as Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs during the Reagan administration.

References

1953 births
Living people
American columnists
Conspiracy theorists
American political writers
Politicians from Philadelphia
Writers from Philadelphia
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Writers from Washington, D.C.
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Cedar is a city in Smith County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 14 people lived there.

History 
The first post office in Cedar was founded in 1871, but it was called Cedarville until 1906.

Cedar was a station and shipping point on the Missouri Pacific Railroad.

Geography 
Cedar is at  (39.656711, -98.940389).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 14 people, 8 households, and 5 families living in the city.

Government 
The Cedar government has a mayor and five council members. The council meets the 1st Monday of each month at 7PM.

References

Other websites 

City
 Cedar - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
 USD 237, local school district
Maps
 Cedar City Map, KDOT

Cities in Smith County, Kansas
Robin Williams: Come Inside My Mind is a 2018 American documentary, directed by Marina Zenovich. It celebrates the life and career of Robin Williams.

The movie played six sell-out screenings at the Sundance Film Festival in 2018.

References

2018 documentary movies
American documentary movies
2010s English-language movies
Gaylord is a city in Smith County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 114 people lived there.

History 
Gaylord was founded in 1870. It was named for C. E. Gaylord, a native of Marshall County who was one of the town's founders. The Gaylord post office opened in June 1871.

Gaylord was a station on the Missouri Pacific Railroad.

Geography 
Gaylord is at  (39.645229, -98.847008).

According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

People

2010 census 
As of the 2010 census says that there were 114 people, 59 households, and 32 families living in the city.

Government 
The Gaylord government has a mayor and five council members. The council meets the 2nd Wednesday of each month at 7:30PM.
 City Hall, 509 Main Street.

Education 
Gaylord is served by USD 237 Smith Center Schools.

Gaylord schools were closed through school unification. The Gaylord High School mascot was a taunting Beaver.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

City
 City of Gaylord
Schools
 USD 237, local school district
Maps
 Gaylord City Map, KDOT

Cities in Smith County, Kansas
1870 establishments in Kansas
Vufflens-le-Château is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Notable people 
Ferdinand de Saussure and Michael Schumacher lived in Vufflens-le-Château.

References

Other websites 

 Official website
Mauraz is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Chevilly is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Other websites 
 
 Official website
Chigny is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites 

 Official website 
 Information on the municipality
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) is a public research university in Hung Hom, Hong Kong. The history of PolyU goes back to 1937. It became a full university in 1994. 

PolyU has 8 faculties and schools. There are programs in applied science, business, construction, environment, engineering, social science, health, humanities, design, hotel and tourism management. 

The university teaches 220 postgraduate, undergraduate and sub-degree programmes for more than 32,000 students every year. As of 2019, THE ranks the university 19th in Asia. QS ranks it 8th in young universities and 91st internationally.

History

Origins and establishment  
The Government Trade School started in 1937 at Wood Road, Wan Chai. The school was the first public post-secondary technical institution in Hong Kong. After World War II, the school became the Hong Kong Technical College. It opened a new campus in Hung Hom in 1957.
In 1972, the Government Trade School became the Hong Kong Polytechnic was formally established. Its goal is to educate qualified workers. It gained full university status and changing its name to The Hong Kong Polytechnic University in 1994.

2019 police siege 
In November 2019, protesters occupied the university as part of the 2019 Hong Kong protests. Students fought with the Hong Kong Police Force from 17 November to 19 November. On November 16th, police tried to enter the campus, but protesters kept them out with road blocks and petrol bombs. The police then blocked all exits from the university campus and asked all protesters inside to give up and come out. On November 18, the police shot 1,491 canisters of tear gas at protesters and shot 1,981 rubber bullets, bean bags, and sponge grenades. The university has been called a battleground. The university was later closed off by police, but protesters still escaped. More than 280 protesters were injured and more than 1,000 people were arrested.

Campus
Campus

Main campus 

PolyU's main campus is in Yau Tsim Mong District. It has mare than 20 buildings. Many buildings connect to each other. The campus has student hostels, a multi-purpose auditorium, sports, recreational and catering facilities, and a bookstore and banks. The Jockey Club Auditorium opened in 2000. Its balcony and main floor seats up to 1,084 people.

PolyU has many sports facilities, including: a swimming pool, 2 indoor sports grounds, a outdoor sports ground with basketball and soccer fields and jogging track, 2 outdoor tennis courts, and a joint-sports center.

Innovation Tower 
The Jockey Club Innovation Tower is at the northeastern side of the university campus. This 15-story building has 15,000 square meters of floor area. It is for design education. The tower has exhibition areas, multi-functional classrooms and lecture halls, design studios and workshops, and a lounge. Zaha Hadid designed the tower.

Pao Yue-kong Library
The library started on 1 August 1972. There were two centers atHung Hom and Quarry Bay until 1976. They moved together into one building in 1976. The library was named after shipping entrepreneur and philanthropist Yue-Kong Pao in 1995.

In 2014, there were over 2.77 million of library holdings in total, with nearly 600,000 electronic resources. The six-storey library provides 3,900 study spaces and is equipped with a 24-hour study centre and audio-visual information areas.

Hotel Icon 
Hotel Icon opened in September 2011.  The hotel is owned by the university as a teaching and research hotel of the School of Hotel and Tourism Management.

Community college

PolyU started the Hong Kong Community College (HKCC) in 2001. It is a offers associate degree and higher diploma programs in arts, science, social sciences, business, health care, and design. HKCC classes are at the Hung Hom Bay and West Kowloon campuses.

Academics

Faculties and schools
The University has 8 faculties and schools. Students may study in more than 220 postgraduate, undergraduate and sub-degree programs. Service learning subjects are offered by 20 departments from all faculties and schools. They do many kinds of community service projects.

Research

There are several research centers at PolyU Each faculty or school has its own centers. Institutes for public policy research and sustainable urban development are run by the Areas of Excellence Committee. PolyU started the Aviation Services Research Centre with Boeing. PolyU also has The Hong Kong Research Institute of Textiles and Apparel.

Important projects

Important PolyU research projects include:

Safety monitoring of high speed rail
Eco-blocks (a construction material made from recycled glass and demolition waste)
Electric vehicles
Electronic “bat ears” for people with vision problems
Nano-particles for purifying dirty water
Organic photovoltaics and LEDs
Tools and instruments used in space exploration
Reputation and rankings
World Rankings of PolyU
 QS "Top 50 Under 50" list of world's top young universities (2016/17): 7th in the world, 3rd in Hong Kong
 QS Asian University Rankings 2016/17: 6th in Asia, 5th in Hong Kong
 QS World University Rankings 2018: 95th in the world, 5th in Hong Kong
 Times Higher Education's World University Rankings 2017: 192nd in the world
 Times Higher Education's 150 Under 50 World University Rankings 2016: 27th in the world
 Times Higher Education's Asia University Rankings 2017: 17th in the Asia, 5th in Hong Kong

World Rankings of Faculties, Schools and Disciplines

Student life

Student halls 
There are two student halls of residence buildings provided by the university, in Hung Hom Bay and Ho Man Tin. The university also has off-campus housing  in Sham Shui Po, Mong Kok, and Tsim She Tsui.
Student organization 
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Students’ Union (HKPUSU) is run by students. It is not controlled by the university administration. The HKPUSU helps full-time undergraduate students.

Sports teams 

 Athletics
 Badminton
 Basketball
 Fencing
 Handball
 Karate-do
 Rowing
 Rugby
 Soccer
 Squash
 Swimming
 Table Tennis
 Taekwondo
 Tennis
 Volleyball
 Woodball

Controversy
The university's faculty-led Student Discipline Committee, with the support of the university council chairman Lam Tai-fai, expelled one student and suspended another for one year because the students posted on the "Democracy Wall" bulletin board in 2018. The students' union managed the bulletin board then. The students had posted messages remembering the fourth anniversary of the "Umbrella Movement" democracy protests of 2014. They also said Hong Kong should be independent from the People's Republic of China.  Two more students were ordered to do community service as punishment.
The students were not allowed to have help from lawyers. The committee saw video of the students shouting and knocking on doors. Some people said that the students had made negative comments, attacked a staff member, and damaged property. The students said they did not do any of those things. The students were all current or past leaders of school organizations. They are not allowed to appeal the decision 

Many pro-democracy groups protested the committee's decision. More than a dozen legislators and 19 student organisations protested. The Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union described the punishments as too hard. That union has more than 90,000 members.

Notable alumni

Academics
 Kim Man Lui (2006, Ph.D. in Software Engineering) – Author, business, and professor at Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Politicians and public organization
 Leung Chun Ying (1974, Higher Diploma in Surveying) - Chief Executive of Hong Kong
 Chan Kam Lam (1971) - member (Kowloon East) of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong SAR

Design
 Vivienne Tam - fashion designer
 Wong Kar-wai - film director
 Gigi Leung - singer, songwriter and actor
 Raman Hui - animator
 Paul Wong - composer, songwriter, singer and the lead guitarist of the band Beyond.
 Alice Mak - artist and cartoonist, mother of cartoon characters McMug and McDull
 Pinky Lai - designer of the original Porsche Boxster and Cayman

References

Other websites 

 

1937 establishments in Asia
Colleges and universities in Hong Kong
Lully is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

References

Other websites
Bussy-Chardonney is a municipality of the district Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

The municipality was created in 1961 by a merger of Bussy-sur-Morges and Chardonney-sur-Morges. This union also existed before 1744 and between 1799 and 1819.

References

Other websites 

 Official site
Mythology 
The annual flooding of the Nile occasionally was said to be the Arrival of Hapi. Since this flooding provided fertile soil in an area that was otherwise desert, Hapi symbolized fertility. He had large female breasts because he was said to bring a rich and nourishing harvest. Due to his fertile nature he was sometimes considered the "father of the gods", and was considered to be a caring father who helped to maintain the balance of the cosmos, the world or universe regarded as an orderly, harmonious system. He was thought to live within a cavern at the supposed source of the Nile near Aswan. The cult of Hapi was mainly located at the First Cataract named Elephantine. His priests were involved in rituals to ensure the steady levels of flow required from the annual flood. At Elephantine the official nilometer, a measuring device, was carefully monitored to predict the level of the flood, and his priests must have been intimately concerned with its monitoring.
Hapi was not regarded as the god of the Nile itself but of the flooding event. He was also considered a "friend of Geb" the Egyptian god of the earth, and the "lord of Neper", the god of grain.

Iconography
Although male and wearing the false beard, Hapi was pictured with pendulous breasts and a large stomach, as representations of the fertility of the Nile. He also was usually given blue or green skin, representing water. Other attributes varied, depending upon the region of Egypt in which the depictions exist. In Lower Egypt, he was adorned with papyrus plants and attended by frogs, present in the region, and symbols of it. Whereas in Upper Egypt, it was the lotus and crocodiles which were more present in the Nile, thus these were the symbols of the region, and those associated with Hapi there. Hapi often was pictured carrying offerings of food or pouring water from an amphora, but also, very rarely, was depicted as a hippopotamus. During the Nineteenth Dynasty Hapi is often depicted as a pair of figures, each holding and tying together the long stem of two plants representing Upper and Lower Egypt, symbolically binding the two halves of the country around a hieroglyph meaning "union"
. This symbolic representation was often carved at the base of seated statues of the pharaoh.
Egyptian historian Al Maqrizi (1364–1442) related in his "El Khutat El Maqrizia (The Maqrizian Plans) that living virgins were sacrificed annually as "brides of the Nile" ("Arous El Nil") and this has been historically accepted as late as the 1970s. but this claim is disputed by some Egyptologists such as Bassam El Shammaa.

References 
Works cited

Further reading

Other websites 

 Hapi, God of the Nile, Fertility, the North and South 
 Egyptian God - Hapi: Father of the gods
 Ancient Egypt: The Mythology - Hapi
Before the Aswan Dam was built (1898-1902). there was a Nile flood, once a year. This flood carried rich sediments, which made the soil fertile. Egypt is located in the desert, and agriculture is only possible close to the Nile. A rainy season in Ethiopia starts the flooding, which used to occur between May and August. During this time, the Blue Nile has five times as much water as the White Nile. During the rest of the year, the White Nile has almost twice as much water than the Blue Nile. This event was visible in Aswan, starting in June, and reaching its peak in August. The water reaches the eastuary of the Nile about two weeks later.

The flooding always occurs at the same time; in some years it may be a few days erlier, in others it will be a few days later. What cannot be prediced is the total amount of water. Little water meant droughts and famine. Too much water would cause damage to dams and houses.

Egyptian mythology
Floods
Nile
Astraea is a goddess from Greek mythology. She is the goddess of justice, innocence, and accuracy. Many stories say she is the constellation Virgo. Her name means "starry night" or "star maid".

Related pages 
Themis
5 Astraea

Greek gods and goddesses