Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
1901  1950 
 1902 - Alfred H. Barr, Jr., American art historian (d. 1981).
 1909 – John Thomson, Scottish footballer (d. 1931).
 1910 – John Banner, Austrian-born actor (d. 1973).
 1911 - Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician (d. 2018).
 1912 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956).
 1918 - Sandro Puppo, Italian footballer (d. 1986).
 1919 - Francis Gobreski, American fighter pilot (d. 2002).
 1922 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist (d. 1993).
 1923 – Richard Herrmann, German footballer (d. 1962).
 1924 - Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian artist (d. 1976).
 1926 - Abdul-Karim Mousavi Ardebili, former Interim President of Iran (d. 2016).
 1926 - Harry L. Ettlinger, German-American engineer (d. 2018).
 1927 - Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director (d. 2001).
 1927 - Per Oscarsson, Swedish actor (d. 2010).
 1929 – Acker Bilk, English jazz clarinettist (d. 2014).
 1929 - Edith M. Flanigen, American chemist.
 1929 – Claes Oldenburg, Swedish-American artist.
 1930 – Kurt Biedenkopf, German politician.
1930 - Jasraj, Indian classical singer (d. 2020).
 1930 - Roy Clarke, English television scriptwriter.
 1934 - Juan Manuel Bordeu, Argentine racing driver (d. 1990).
 1935 – David Lodge, British writer.
 1936 – Alan Alda, American actor, director and writer.
 1936 - Waldyr Boccardo, Brazilian basketball player (d. 2018).
 1936 – Ismail Kadare, Albanian writer.
 1937 - Donald Crothers, American academic and educator (d. 2014).
 1938 - Tomas Lindahl, Swedish biologist and geneticist.
 1938 - Leonid Zhabotinsky, Ukrainian weightlifter (d. 2016).
 1939 - John M. Fabian, American pilot and astronaut.
 1940 – Carlos Slim, Mexican businessman.
 1941 - Joel Crothers, American actor (d. 1985).
 1941 - King Tubby, Jamaican musician (d. 1989).
 1942 - Sjoukje Dijkstra, Dutch figure skater.
 1943 - Paul Henderson, Canadian ice hockey player.
 1943 – Dick Taylor, British musician.
 1944 – Susan Howard, American actress.
 1944 – John Tavener, English composer (d. 2013).
 1945 - Marthe Keller, Swiss actress.
1945 - Robert Wyatt, English musician.
 1947 - Jeanne Shaheen, American politician, United States Senator for New Hampshire
 1948 – Charles Taylor, former President of Liberia.
 1948 – Heinz Flohe, German footballer (d. 2013).
 1949 - Mike Moore, 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand.
 1949 - Thomas Downey, American politician.
 1949 - Gregg Popovich, American basketball coach.
 1950 - David C. Hilmers, American astronaut.
 1950 – Hamad Ibn Isa al Khalifah, King of Bahrain.
1951  1975 
 1951 - Leonid Kadeniuk, Ukrainian cosmonaut (d. 2018).
 1953 - Richard Anconina, French actor.
 1954 - Bruno Metsu, French footballer and coach (d. 2013)
 1954 - Robin Smith, Canadian voice actor
 1955 – Nicolas Sarkozy, former President of France.
 1955 - Vinod Khosla, Indian-American businessman, co-founded Sun Microsystems. 
 1957 - Frank Skinner, English comedian.
 1957 - Nick Price, Zimbabwean golfer.
 1961 – Arnaldur Indridason, Icelandic writer.
 1961 - Normand Rochefort, Canadian ice hockey player.
 1962 - Joan McAlpine, Scottish politician.
 1964 - Dave McPherson, Scottish footballer
 1964 - Juergen Teller, German artist and photographer.
 1966 - Andrea Berg, German singer.
 1968 – Sarah McLachlan, Canadian singer/songwriter
 1968 – DJ Muggs, American musician
 1969 - Kathryn Morris, American actress.
 1971 - Anthony Hamilton, American singer
 1972 - Nicky Southall, English footballer and manager
 1974 – Magglio Ordóñez, Venezuelan baseball player
From 1976 
 1976 - Lee Ingleby, English actor.
 1976 - Rick Ross, American rapper.
 1977 - Daunte Culpepper, American football player.
 1977 – Joey Fatone, American singer (*NSYNC)
 1978 – Gianluigi Buffon, Italian footballer
 1978 – Jamie Carragher, English footballer
 1978 – Papa Bouba Diop, Senegalese footballer
 1979 - Ali Boulala, Swedish skateboarder
 1980 – Nick Carter, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
 1980 – Yasuhito Endo, Japanese footballer
 1980 - Michael Hastings, American journalist (d. 2013)
 1981 – Elijah Wood, American actor
 1984 - Andre Iguodala, American basketball player
 1984 - Anne Panter, English field hockey player
 1985 - Daniel Carcillo, Canadian ice hockey player
 1985 - Arnold Mvuemba, French footballer
 1985 - Libby Trickett, Australian swimmer
 1985 - J. Cole, American rapper
 1985 - Andras Kallay-Saunders, American-Hungarian singer
 1986 - Shruti Haasan, Indian actress
 1986 – Jessica Ennis-Hill, British athlete
 1989 - Siem de Jong, Dutch footballer
1991 - Calum Worthy, Canadian actor
 1991 - Carl Klingberg, Swedish ice hockey player
 1992 - Andrei Savchenko, Russian footballer
 1993 - Richmond Boakye, Ghanaian footballer
 1993 - John Anthony Brooks, German-American soccer player
 1993 - Will Poulter, English actor
 1998 – Ariel Winter, American actress and singer
Up to 1950 
 592 - Guntram, King of the Franks (b. 532)
 814 – Charlemagne, King of the Franks (b. early 700s)
 1271 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France (b. 1247)
 1443 - Robert Le Masson, Chancellor of France
 1547 – Henry VIII of England (b. 1491)
 1596 – Francis Drake, English naval officer, explorer and pirate (b. 1540)
 1613 - Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and library founder (b. 1545)
 1621 – Pope Paul V (b. 1550)
 1672 - Pierre Seguier, Chancellor of France (b. 1588)
 1687 – Johannes Hevelius, Polish astronomer and Mayor of Gdansk (b. 1611)
 1697 - John Fenwick, English conspirator
 1754 - Ludvig Holberg, Norwegian historian and writer (b. 1684)
 1859 – Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1782)
   1859   - Carl Adolph Agardh, Swedish botanist (b. 1785) 
 1864 - Emile Chappeyron, English engineer and physicist (b. 1799)
 1912 - Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist (b. 1819)
 1918 – John McCrae, Canadian poet (b. 1872)
1924 - Teofilo Braga, Portuguese statesman (b. 1843)
 1928 - Vicente Blasco Ibanez, Spanish writer (b. 1867)
 1936 - Oscar K. Allen, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1882)
 1937 - Anastasios Metaxas, Greek architect and shooter (b. 1862)
 1938 - Bernd Rosemeyer, German racing driver (b. 1909)
 1939 – William Butler Yeats, Irish writer (b. 1865)
 1947 - Reynaldo Hahn, Venezuelan-French composer, conductor and critic (b. 1875)
 1949 - Jean-Pierre Wimille, French racing driver (b. 1908)
 1950 - Nicolai Luzin, Russian mathematician (b. 1883)
1951  2000 
 1951 – Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, President of Finland (b. 1867)
 1953 – Derek Bentley, British victim of a miscarriage of justice (b. 1933) (hanged)
 1953 – James Scullin, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1876)
 1953 - Neyzen Tefvik, Turkish poet and satirist (b. 1879)
 1956 - Marie Juchacz, German social reformer (b. 1883)
 1959 - Walter Beall, American baseball (b. 1899)
 1960 - Zora Neale Hurston, American writer (b. 1891)
 1963 – Jean Piccard, Swiss scientist (b. 1884)
 1963 - John Farrow, Australian screenwriter and director (b. 1904)
 1965 - Maxime Weygand, French military (b. 1867)
 1973 – John Banner, Austrian-born actor (b. 1910)
 1975 – Ola Raknes, Norwegian psychoanalyst and philologist (b. 1887)
 1976 - Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian artist (b. 1924)
 1983 – Frank Forde, shortest-serving Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1890)
 1983 – Billy Fury, British singer (b. 1940)
 1985 - Alfredo Foni, Italian footballer (b. 1911)
 1986 - Deaths in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster:
Greg Jarvis, American astronaut (b. 1944)
Christa McAuliffe, American teacher and astronaut (b. 1948)
Ronald McNair, American astronaut (b. 1950)
Ellison Onizuka, American astronaut (b. 1946)
Judith Resnik, American astronaut (b. 1949)
Francis R. Scobee, American astronaut (b. 1939)
Michael J. Smith, American astronaut (b. 1949)
 1988 – Klaus Fuchs, German atomic spy (b. 1911)
 1989 - Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama, Tibetan religious leader (b. 1938)
 1991 – Red Grange, American football player (b. 1903)
 1993 - Helen Sawyer Hogg, Canadian astronomer (b. 1905)
 1994 - Hal Smith, American actor (b. 1916)
 1996 – Joseph Brodsky, Russian poet (b. 1940)
 1996 – Jerry Siegel, American cartoonist (b. 1914)
 1998 - Shotaro Ishinomori, Japanese writer (b. 1938)
 1999 - Torgny Torgnysson Segerstedt, Swedish sociologist and philosopher (b. 1908)
From 2001 
 2002 – Astrid Lindgren, Swedish writer (b. 1907)
 2005 – Jim Capaldi, British musician (b. 1944)
 2007 – Karel Svoboda, Czech composer (b. 1938)
 2008 – Christodoulos I, Archbishop of Athens (b. 1939)
 2008 – Marie Takvam, Norwegian writer (b. 1926)
 2009 – Billy Powell, American musician (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b. 1952)
 2009 - Glenn Davis, American athlete (b. 1934)
 2011 - Margaret Price, Welsh soprano (b. 1941)
 2014 - Jorge Obeid, Argentine politician (b. 1947)
 2014 - Dwight Gustafson, American composer and conductor (b. 1930)
 2015 - Yves Chauvin, French chemist (b. 1930)
 2015 - Suraj Abdurrahman, Nigerian army officer (b. 1954)
 2016 - Buddy Cianci, American politician (b. 1941)
 2016 - Paul Kantner, American rock musician (b. 1941)
 2016 - Signe Toly Anderson, American singer (b. 1941)
 2016 - Yisroel Belsky, American rabbi (b. 1938)
 2017 - Christopher Bland, British businessman (b. 1938)
 2017 - Many Clouds, British racehorse (b. 2007)
 2017 - Geoff Nicholls, British musician (b. 1948)
2017 - Lennart Nilsson, Swedish cinematographer (b. 1922)
 2017 - Alexander Tikhanovich, Belarusian singer (b. 1952)
 2017 - Bobby Freeman, American singer-songwriter and record producer (b. 1940)
 2017 - Guitar Gable, American singer-songwriter and record producer (b. 1937)
 2017 - Sang Chul Lee, Russian-born Canadian Christian minister (b. 1924)
 2017 - John N. Mather, American mathematician (b. 1942)
 2017 - Bharati Mukherjee, American writer (b. 1940)
 2017 - Richard Portman, American sound engineer (b. 1934)
 2017 - Thomas Joseph Simpson, Canadian World War II veteran (b. 1921)
 2017 - Dan Spiegle, American comic book artist (b. 1920)
 2017 - Darryl Sutton, Australian rules footballer (b. 1952)
 2017 - Stuart Timmons, American historian and activist (b. 1957)
 2018 - Dharmasena Pathiraja, Sri Lankan movie director and screenwriter (b. 1943)
 2018 - Coco Schumann, German jazz guitarist (b. 1924)
 2018 - Gene Sharp, American political scientist (b. 1928)
 2019 - Jurrie Koolhof, Dutch footballer (b. 1960)
2019 - Mourad Medelci, Algerian politician (b. 1943)
 2019 - Pepe Smith, Filipino rock guitarist (b. 1947)
Observances 
 Army Day (Armenia)
 EU Data Privacy Day
 Unofficial Day commemorating Charlemagne in some Christian groups.

Days of the year
Up to 1950 
 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire.
 690 - Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire.
 1590 - Composer Carlo Gesualdo murders his wife, Donna Maria d'Avalos and her lover Fabrizio Carafa, the Duke of Andria, at the Palazzo San Saverio in Naples.
 1780 - Great Hurricane of 1780 devastates the Caribbean.
 1781 - George Washington captures Yorktown, Virginia, after the Siege of Yorktown.
 1793 – Marie Antoinette is executed on the guillotine.
 1813 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Leipzig between Napoleon Bonaparte and the forces of the Sixth Coalition.
 1834 - Much of the ancient structure of the Palace of Westminster in London burns to the ground.
 1843 - William Rowan Hamilton comes up with the idea of quaternions, a non-commutative extension of complex numbers.
 1846 - William T. G. Morton demonstrates anesthesia at the Massachusetts General Hospital.
1859 – John Brown leads a raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia).
 1875 – Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.
 1905 - Partition of Bengal in India.
 1909 - William Howard Taft and Porfirio Díaz hold the first summit meeting between Presidents of the United States and Mexico.
 1916 - In Brooklyn, New York, Margaret Sanger opens the first family planning clinic in the United States. 
 1923 – The Walt Disney Company is founded.
 1934 – Chinese Communists begin the Long March.
 1939 - World War II: First attack on British territory by the German Luftwaffe.
 1940 – Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto is established.
 1945 - The Food and Agriculture Organization is founded in Quebec City.
 1946 – Execution of Nazi war criminals who were sentenced in the Nuremberg Trials.
 1949 - East Germany and the Soviet Union form diplomatic relations.
1951  2000 
 1951 – Pakistan's Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan is assassinated.
 1962 - John F. Kennedy is shown photographs of military sites in Cuba.
 1963 – Ludwig Erhard is chosen to succeed Konrad Adenauer as Chancellor of Germany.
 1964 - The People's Republic of China detonates its first nuclear weapon.
 1964 - Leonid Brezhnev is inaugurated as  General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with Alexei Kosygin becoming Premier.
 1968 - At the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, US athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are kicked off the US team for their part in the Black Power Salute.
 1970 – In response to the October Crisis, Canada's Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act.
 1970 - The University of Augsburg in Bavaria opens.
 1973 – Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho are announced as the winners of the Nobel Peace Prize.
 1975 - Rahima Banu, a two-year-old girl from Bangladesh, is the last person known to be infected with naturally-occurring smallpox.
1978 – Karol Wojtyła becomes Pope John Paul II.
 1978 - Wanda Rutkiewicz becomes the first person from Poland, and the first European woman, to climb to the top of Mount Everest.
 1984 – Desmond Tutu wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
 1984 - The British TV series The Bill is first shown.
 1986 – Reinhold Messner reaches the top of Lhotse in the Himalayas with Hans Kammerlander. Messner becomes the first person to climb all the mountains over 8000 metres high.
 1987 – The southern part of the United Kingdom is hit by a major storm which causes a lot of damage, especially with fallen trees, and kills 18 people.
 1991 - George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing 23 people.
 1994 - The majority of voters in Finland support entry into the EU.
 1995 – The Skye Bridge, linking the Isle of Skye to mainland Scotland, is opened.
 1995 - Million-Man March on Washington, DC.
 1996 – 84 people are crushed to death at the Estadio Mateo Flores in Guatemala.
From 2001 
 2002 - The Bibliotheca Alexandrina library is opened in Alexandria, Egypt.
 2006 – A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Hawaii, causing widespread damage.
 2012 - Planet Alpha Centauri Bb is discovered orbiting a star outside the Solar System.
 2013 - Lao Airlines Flight 301 crashes on approach to Pakse International Airport in Laos, killing 49 people.
 2013 - Erna Solberg becomes Prime Minister of Norway, succeeding Jens Stoltenberg. Solberg is Norway's second female Prime Minister, after Gro Harlem Brundtland.
 2013 - US politicians agree to end the government shutdown, and narrowly avoid the United States being unable to repay its debts.
 2017 - The remainder of Hurricane Ophelia hits the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Scotland.
 2017 - Maltese blogger and journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia is murdered in a car bomb attack.
2020 - Murder of Samuel Paty of Islamist terrorism happens.

Births
Up to 1800 
 1396 – William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English soldier (d. 1450)
 1430 – King James II of Scotland (d. 1460)
 1483 – Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (d. 1542)
 1535 – Niwa Nagahide, Japanese warlord (d. 1585)
 1620 - Pierre Paul Puget, French painter and sculptor (d. 1694)
 1663 – Prince Eugene of Savoy, French-born Austrian general (d. 1736)
 1679 - Jan Dismas Zelenka, Bohemian composer (d. 1745)
 1710 – Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (d. 1790)
 1714 – Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (d. 1795)
 1726 – Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish painter (d. 1801)
 1729 - Pierre van Maldere, Flemish violinist and composer (d. 1768)
 1751 – Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt, Queen of Prussia (d. 1805)
 1752 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian (d. 1827)
 1754 – Morgan Lewis, Governor of New York (1804-07) (d. 1844)
 1758 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer (d. 1843)
 1760 - Jonathan Dayton, American politician (d. 1824)
1762 – Paul Hamilton, Governor of South Carolina (1804–06) and U.S. Secretary of Navy (1809–12) (d. 1816)
 1789 – William Burton, Governor of Delaware (1859–63) (d. 1866)
 1795 – William Buell Sprague, American clergyman and writer (d. 1876)
1801  1900 
 1802 – Isaac Murphy, Governor of Arkansas (1864-68) (d. 1882)
 1804 - Benjamin Russell, American artist (d. 1885)
 1806 – William Pitt Fessenden, U.S. Secretary of Treasury (1864-65) (d. 1869)
 1815 – Francis Lubbock, Governor of Texas (d. 1905)
 1819 – Austin F. Pike, American politician from New Hampshire (d. 1886)
 1831 - Lucy Stanton, American abolitionist (d. 1910)
 1840 – Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1900)
 1841 – Prince Hirobumi Ito, Japanese governor of Korea and 1st Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1909)
 1847 - Maria Pia of Savoy (d. 1911)
 1849 - George Washington Williams, American jurist, historian and politician (d. 1891)
 1854 - Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (d. 1900)
 1854 - Karl Kautsky, Czech-born German theoretician (d. 1938)
 1855 - Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general (d. 1931)
 1861 – J. B. Bury, Irish historian (d. 1927)
 1863 – Austen Chamberlain, English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937)
1876 – Jimmy Sinclair, South African cricketer, rugby union and soccer player (d. 1913)
 1878 - Eugenio Canfari, Italian sports official (d. 1962)
 1878 - Miguel Llobet, Catalan guitarist and composer (d. 1938)
 1878 – Maxie Long, American athlete (d. 1959)
 1884 - Rembrandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor (d. 1916)
 1885 - Dorando Pietri, Italian marathon runner (d. 1942)
 1886 - David Ben-Gurion, first Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1973)
 1886 - Armin T. Wegner, German poet (d. 1978)
 1888 - Eugene O'Neill, American writer (d. 1953)
 1890 - Michael Collins, Irish patriot (d. 1922)
 1890 - Maria Goretti, Italian murder victim and saint (d. 1902)
 1895 - Ling Hau Shang, Convicted Triad Leader (d. 1954)
 1897 - Louis de Cazenave, French World War I veteran (d. 2008)
 1900 - Primo Conti, Italian painter and poet (d. 1988)
1901  1950 
 1901 - Federico Munerati, Italian footballer (d. 1980)
 1903 - Big Joe Williams, American blues guitarist (d. 1982)
 1905 - Ernst Kuzorra, German footballer (d. 1990)
 1908 - Enver Hoxha, Albanian political leader (d. 1985)
 1912 - Clifford Hansen, American politician, Governor of Wyoming (d. 2009)
 1914 - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 2007)
 1918 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher (d. 1990)
 1918 - Géori Boué, French soprano (d. 2017)
 1918 - Abraham Nemeth, American mathematician (d. 2013)
 1918 - Henri Vernes, Belgian writer and comics creator
 1922 - Max Bygraves, English singer, songwriter and entertainer (d. 2012)
 1923 - Bill McLaren, Scottish rugby commentator (d. 2010)
 1923 - Linda Darnell, American actress (d. 1965)
 1925 - Angela Lansbury, British-born actress
 1927 - Günter Grass, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
 1928 - Mary Daly, American philosopher, theologian and professor (d. 2010)
 1928 - Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress (d. 2016)
1929 - Fernanda Montenegro, Brazilian actress
 1929 - Ivor Allchurch, Welsh footballer (d. 1997)
 1930 - John Polkinghorne, English physicist, theologian and priest
 1930 - Carmen Sevilla, Spanish actress and singer
 1931 - Valery Klimov, Ukrainian-Russian violinist
 1931 - Charles Colson, American Watergate conspirator (d. 2012)
 1932 - Detlev Karsten Rohwedder, German politician and manager (d. 1991)
 1932 - Gudbergur Bergsson, Icelandic writer
 1936 - Akira Machida, Japanese judge, 15th Chief Justice of Japan
 1936 - Peter Bowles, English actor
 1936 - Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer (d. 1994)
 1938 - Nico, German musician, fashion model and actress (d. 1988)
 1940 - Ivan Della Mea, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2009)
 1941 - Baddeley Devesi, 1st Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (d. 2012)
 1941 - Tim McCarver, American baseball player and sportscaster
 1941 - Emma Nicholson, Baroness Nicholson of Winterbourne, English computer programmer and politician
1943 - Fred Turner, Canadian bassist (Bachman–Turner Overdrive)
 1946 - Suzanne Somers, American actress
 1947 - Bob Weir, American singer and musician
 1947 - Terry Griffiths, Welsh snooker player
 1947 - David Zucker, American director and screenwriter
 1950 - Angry Grandpa, American internet personality (d. 2017)
1951  1975 
 1952 - Glenys Thornton, Baroness Thornton, English politician
 1954 - Corinna Harfouch, German actress
 1954 - Michael Forsyth, Baron Forsyth of Drumlean, Scottish politician
 1956 - Marin Alsop, American conductor
 1958 - Tim Robbins, American actor, director, and writer
 1959 - Tessa Munt, English politician
 1959 - John Whittingdale, English politician
 1960 - Bob Mould, American singer and guitarist
 1960 - Cressida Dick, English police officer, Head of the London Metropolitan Police
 1960 - Guy LeBlanc, Canadian keyboardist and composer (d. 2015)
 1961 - Yahiro Kazama, Japanese footballer
 1962 - Manute Bol, Sudanese basketball player (d. 2010)
 1962 - Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Russian opera singer (d. 2017)
 1962 - Flea, Australian-American musician (Red Hot Chilli Peppers)
 1964 - James Thompson, American-Finnish author (d. 2014)
 1965 - Steve Lamacq, British DJ
 1965 - Tom Tolbert, American basketball player
 1966 - Stefan Reuter, German footballer
1967 - Davina McCall, English television presenter
 1968 - Francesco Libetta, Italian pianist, composer and conductor
 1970 - Mehmet Scholl, German footballer
 1972 - Adrianne Frost, American comedienne, actress and author
 1972 - Tomas Lindberg, Swedish singer-songwriter
 1973 - Justin Credible, American wrestler
 1973 - Thomas Myhre, Norwegian footballer
 1974 - Paul Kariya, Canadian ice hockey player
 1975 - Brynjar Gunnarsson, Icelandic footballer
 1975 - Kellie Martin, American actress and director
From 1976 
 1977 - John Mayer, American singer-songwriter
 1979 - Erin Brown, American actress, model, movie maker and musician
 1982 - Prithotraj Sukumaran, Indian actor, producer and singer
 1982 - Cristian Riveros, Paraguayan footballer
 1982 - Frédéric Michalak, French rugby player
 1983 - Rémi Ochlik, French photographer (d. 2012)
 1983 - Philipp Kohlschreiber, German tennis player
 1983 - Loreen, Swedish singer
 1984 - Shayne Ward, English singer, winner of the 2005  X Factor
 1985 - Verena Sailer, German sprinter
 1985 - Casey Stoner, Australian motorcycle racer
 1986 - Inna, Romanian singer
 1986 - Craig Pickering, British sprinter
 1988 - Zoltan Stieber, Hungarian footballer
 1988 - Max Thieriot, American actor
 1988 - Tumua Anae, American water polo player
 1989 - Dan Biggar, Welsh rugby player
 1990 - Johanna Gudrun Jonsdottir (Yohanna), Icelandic singer
 1990 - Amina Sato, Japanese singer (AKB48)
 1991 - Jedward, Irish pop singers
 1992 - Viktorija Golubic, Swiss tennis player
1992 - Bryce Harper, American baseball player
 1994 - Amelia Lily, English singer
 1997 - Naomi Osaka, Japanese tennis player
 2003 - Princess Kritika of Nepal, Nepalese princess
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 640 – Saint Gall, monk and missionary (b. around 550)
 1333 - Antipope Nicholas V (b. 1260)
 1355 - Louis, King of Sicily (b. 1337)
 1396 - Agnolo Gaddi, Italian painter
 1553 – Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)
 1591 – Pope Gregory XIV (b. 1535)
 1628 - Francois de Malherbe, French poet (b. 1555)
 1655 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Italian physician, mathematician and theorist (b. 1591)
 1730 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French-American explorer and politician (b. 1658)
 1750 - Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German composer (b. 1687)
 1755 - Gerard Majella, Italian saint (b. 1725)
 1791 – Grigory Potemkin, Russian general and statesman (b. 1739)
 1793 – Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (b. 1755)
 1793 - John Hunter, Scottish anatomist (b. 1728)
 1796 – Victor Amadeus III of Savoy (b. 1726)
 1799 - Veerapandiya Kattabomman, Indian activist (b. 1760)
 1822 – Eva Marie Veigel, Austrian ballet dancer (b. 1724)
 1888 – John Wentworth, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1815)
1901  2000 
 1913 - Ralph Rose, American athlete (b. 1885)
 1937 - Jean de Brunhoff, French poet and playwright (b. 1899)
 1944 – Jon Sveinsson, Icelandic writer (b. 1857)
 1946 - Nazi war criminals executed following Nuremberg trials:
Joachim von Ribbentrop, German politician (b. 1893)
Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1892)
Julius Streicher, German propagandist (b. 1884)
Alfred Jodl, German military officer (b. 1890)
Ernst Kaltenbrunner, SS officer (b. 1903)
 1947 - Jean de Brunhoff, French poet and playwright (b. 1899)
 1951 – Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1895)
 1952 - Ghulam Bhik Nairang, Indian-Pakistani Muslim leader and poet (b. 1876)
 1954 – Jules Rimet, French football administrator (b. 1873)
 1959 – George Marshall, United States Secretary of State (b. 1880)
 1962 - Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (b. 1884)
 1966 - George O'Hara, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1899)
 1971 - Robin Boyd, Australian architect (b. 1919)
1973 - Gene Krupa, American drummer and composer (b. 1909)
 1975 - Vittorio Gui, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1885)
 1981 - Moshe Dayan, Israeli general (b. 1915)
 1982 – Mario del Monaco, Italian tenor (b. 1915)
 1983 - Jakob Gotovac, Croatian composer (b. 1895)
 1983 - Willi Ritschard, Swiss politician (b. 1918)
 1989 - Cornel Wilde, American actor (b. 1915)
 1990 – Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (b. 1919)
 1991 - Ole Beich, Danish bass player (b. 1955)
 1992 - Shirley Booth, American actress and singer (b. 1898)
 1997 – James Michener, American writer (b. 1907)
From 2001 
 2003 – Laszlo Papp, Hungarian boxer (b. 1926)
 2004 - Pierre Salinger, White House Press Secretary (b. 1925)
 2006 – Valentin Paniagua Corazao, President of Peru (b. 1936)
 2007 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (b. 1921)
 2007 – Tose Proeski, Macedonian singer (b. 1981)
 2010 – Barbara Billingsley, American actress (b. 1915)
 2011 – Dan Wheldon, British auto racer (b. 1978)
 2012 - Eddie Yost, American baseball player (b. 1926)
 2013 - Ed Lauter, American actor (b. 1938)
 2014 - John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, English peer (b. 1926)
 2014 - Patrick Paul D'Souza, Indian bishop (b. 1928)
 2014 - Sumi Haru, American actress (b. 1939)
 2014 - Tim Hauser, American musician (b. 1941)
 2015 - Ralph Andrews, American television producer (b. 1928)
 2015 - Francesc de Paula Burguera, Spanish journalist (b. 1928)
 2016 - Anthony Foley, Irish rugby player and coach (b. 1973)
 2016 - Kigeli V, former King of Rwanda (b. 1936)
 2016 - Arsen Pavlov, Russian soldier (b. 1983)
2017 - Roy Dotrice, English actor (b. 1923)
 2017 - Sean Hughes, Irish actor and comedian (b. 1965)
 2017 - Daphne Caruana Galizia, Maltese blogger and journalist (b. 1964)
 2017 - John Dunsworth, Canadian actor (b. 1946)
Observances 
 Teacher's Day (Poland, Chile)
 World Food Day (FAO)
 Air Force Day (Bulgaria)
 World Anesthesia Day

Days of the year
1794 was a common year.

Events 
 Whiskey Rebellion

Births 
 February 21 – Antonio López de Santa Anna
Up to 1900 
 41 - Tiberius is confirmed as Roman Emperor by the Roman Senate following the natural death of Augustus Caesar on August 19.
 96 – Nerva becomes Roman Emperor, after the murder of Domitian.
 324 - Constantine I decisively defeats Licinius in the Battle of Chrysopolis, establishing his own control over the whole Roman Empire.
 1180 - Philip Augustus becomes King of France.
 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands in present-day Costa Rica on his final voyage.
 1635 - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor declares war on France.
 1679 - New Hampshire becomes a county of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
 1714 - George I of Great Britain arrives in Great Britain for the first time since becoming King on August 1.
 1739 - The Treaty of Belgrade is signed, giving Belgrade to the Roman Empire.
 1759 - Seven Years' War: The British capture Quebec City.
 1793 – The first cornerstone for the US Capitol building is laid by George Washington.
 1809 - The Royal Opera House in London opens.
1810 – The process towards Chilean independence begins with the formation of the first government junta.
 1812 - The 1812 Fire of Moscow dies down after destroying three quarters (75%) of the city.
 1814 - The Congress of Vienna begins, with discussions on a new order in Europe.
 1851 - First publication of what later becomes The New York Times.
 1870 – The Old Faithful Geyser at Yellowstone is first observed by Henry D. Washburn.
 1872 – Oscar II of Sweden and Norway becomes King.
 1882 - The Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
 1895 - Daniel David Palmer gives the first chiropractic adjustment.
1901  2000 
 1906 – A Typhoon and Tsunami kill around 10,000 people in Hong Kong.
 1910 - 25,000 people demonstrate in Amsterdam for equal voting rights.
 1911 - Russian Premier Pyotr Stolypin is shot at the Kiev Opera House.
 1914 - The Irish Home Rule Act becomes law, but is delayed until after World War I.
 1914 - World War I: South African troops land in what was then German South West Africa (now Namibia).
 1919 – Women in the Netherlands gain the right to vote.
 1922 - Hungary is admitted to the League of Nations.
 1927 - The Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) goes on the air.
 1939 – World War II: The Polish government under Ignacy Moscicki flees to Romania.
 1940 - World War II: British steamer City of Benares is torpedoed by German U-boat U-48 on Rockall sandbank, killing 248 people.
 1947 – The U.S. Air Force is formed as a group split from the U.S. Army.
 1947 – The CIA is founded.
1952 – Charlie Chaplin leaves the United States and is barred, by J. Edgar Hoover, from ever entering the country again.
 1960 - Fidel Castro arrives in New York City as the head of a Cuban delegation of the United Nations.
 1961 – UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld is killed in a plane crash in what is now the border region between Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on his way to the war-torn Katanga region.
 1962 – Rwanda, Burundi, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago join the UN.
 1964 - Constantine II of Greece marries Anne-Marie of Denmark.
 1964 - The North Vietnamese army begins infiltrating South Vietnam.
 1970 – American guitarist Jimi Hendrix dies in London, aged 27.
 1973 - East Germany, West Germany and the Bahamas join the United Nations.
 1974 – Hurricane Fifi kills thousands of people in Honduras.
 1975 – Newspaper heiress Patty Hearst is arrested.
 1977 - Voyager 1 takes the first photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.
 1981 - Capital punishment is banned in France.
1982 - Christian militia kill 600 Palestinians in Lebanon.
 1984 - Joe Kittinger completes the first solo balloon crossing of the Atlantic Ocean.
 1987 - Jerzy Kukuczka becomes the second mountaineer to climb all 14 peak over 8000 meters high.
 1988 – Saw Maung seizes power in Burma, overthrowing Maung Maung Kha.
 1990 – Liechtenstein joins the UN.
 1991 - Yugoslavia begins a naval blockade of seven of its port cities on the Adriatic Sea coast.
 1994 - A volcano erupts on the island of New Britain in Papua New Guinea, destroying the island's capital, Rabaul.
 1997 - A narrow majority of voters in Wales supports devolution in a referendum.
 1998 – The ferry Princess of the Orient sinks in heavy wind, in the Philippines, killing 180 people.
From 2001 
 2005 – Afghanistan holds its first election after the Taliban was overthrown.
 2005 – The SPD-Green Party coalition government loses its majority in the German Bundestag in the German election. Angela Merkel of the CDU becomes Germany's first female chancellor two months later, leading a grand coalition.
 2006 – Right wing protesters riot outside the Hungarian television building in Budapest, after the release of an audio tape in which Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsany admits lying during the 2006 election campaign.
 2013 - Tony Abbott becomes the 28th Prime Minister of Australia.
 2014 - Scottish independence referendum, 2014: A majority of voters (55.3%) support Scotland remaining part of the United Kingdom, with 44.7% voting for independence.
 2015 - The 2015 Rugby union World Cup in England and Wales begins.
 2016 - 17 Indian army personnel are killed in a grenade attack at a military base in Indian-controlled Kashmir.
2016 - The 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, come to an end, with China topping the medal table and Great Britain finishing second.
 2019 - 27 people are killed in a fire at a boarding school in Monrovia, Liberia.
Births

Up to 1800 
  53 – Trajan, Roman Emperor (d. 117)
 1434 – Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1467)
 1495 - Louis X, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1545)
 1587 - Francesco Caccini, Italian singer-songwriter and lute player (d. 1640)
 1606 - Zhang Xianzhong, Chinese peasant revolt leader (d. 1647)
 1643 - Gilbert Burnet, Scottish bishop, historian and theologian (d. 1715)
 1676 - Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1733)
 1684 – Johann Gottfried Walther, German composer (d. 1748)
 1709 – Samuel Johnson, English writer and lexicographer (d. 1784)
 1733 - George Reid, American politician, 3rd Governor of Delaware (d. 1798)
 1750 – Tomás de Iriarte, Spanish writer (d. 1791)
 1752 – Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (d. 1833)
 1765 – Pope Gregory XVI (d. 1846)
 1779 - Joseph Story, American jurist (d. 1845)
 1786 – Christian VIII of Denmark, King of Denmark (d. 1848)
 1786 - Justinus Kerner, German poet and writer (d. 1862)
1801  1900 
 1804 - John Steell, Scottish sculptor (d. 1891)
 1806 - Heinrich Traube, German writer (d. 1884)
 1812 - Herschel Vespasian Johnson, American politician, 41st Governor of Georgia (d. 1880)
 1817 - Mihail Kogalniceanu, Romanian politician and historian (d. 1891)
 1819 – Léon Foucault, French physicist (d. 1868)
 1831 - Siegfried Marcus, German-Austrian inventor (d. 1898)
 1846 – Richard With, Norwegian businessman, politician and captain, founder of Hurtigruten (d. 1930)
 1854 - Fiorentino Ameghino, Argentine naturalist and anthropologist (d. 1911)
 1859 – John Bates, 41st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1946)
 1860 - Alberto Franchetti, Italian composer (d. 1942)
 1862 - Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (d. 1933)
 1870 - Clark Wissler, American anthropologist (d. 1947)
 1872 - Carl Friedberg, German-Italian pianist and educator (d. 1955)
 1876 – James Scullin, 9th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1953)
 1878 - James O. Richardson, American admiral (d. 1974)
1883 - Gerald Tyrwhit-Wilson, 14th Baron Berners, English composer, writer and painter (d. 1950)
 1885 - Uzeyir Haribeyov, Azerbaijani composer, conductor and playwright (d. 1948)
 1888 - Toni Wolff, Swiss psychologist (d. 1953)
 1888 – Grey Owl, English-Canadian conservationist (d. 1938)
 1891 - Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia (d. 1942)
 1894 - Fay Compton, English actress (d. 1978)
 1895 – Tomoji Tanabe, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2009)
 1895 – John Diefenbaker, Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1979)
 1895 - Grégoire-Pierre Agagianian, Armenian Catholic Church leader (d. 1971)
 1900 – Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, first Prime Minister of Mauritius and Governor-General of Mauritius (d. 1985)
 1900 - Mahmoud Fawzi, Egyptian diplomat and politician (d. 1981)
1901  1950 
 1905 – Greta Garbo, Swedish actress (d. 1990)
 1905 - Agnes de Mille, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1993)
 1906 - Julio Rosales, Filipino cardinal (d. 1983)
 1907 - Edwin McMillan, American physicist (d. 1991)
 1908 - Victor Ambartsumian, Armenian astronomer and astrophysicist (d. 1996)
 1911 – Edwin McMillan, American physicist (d. 1991)
 1914 – Jack Cardiff, British movie director (d. 2009)
 1916 - Rossano Brazzi, Italian actor, singer, director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
 1916 - Mercedes Salisachs, Spanish actress (d. 2014)
 1917 - June Foray, American voice actress (d. 2017)
 1917 - Phil Taylor, English footballer (d. 2012)
 1917 - Francis Parker Yockey, American lawyer and philosopher (d. 1960)
 1917 - Jozsef Asboth, Hungarian tennis player (d. 1986)
 1921 - Kamal Hassan Ali, Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 1993)
 1922 - Grayson Hall, American actress (d. 1985)
 1922 - Laurens van Ravens, Belgian football referee (d. 2018)
 1923 – Queen Anne of Romania, last queen of Romania (d. 2016)
1923 - Peter Smithson, English architect (d. 2003)
 1930 - Ignatius Moses I Daoud, Syrian cardinal (d. 2012)
 1931 - Julio Grondona, Argentine football official (d. 2014)
 1932 - Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Russian physicist and astronaut (d. 2002)
 1933 - Leonid Kharitonov, Russian opera singer (d. 2017)
 1933 - Scotty Bowman, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
 1933 - Bob Bennett, former United States Senator from Utah (d. 2016)
 1934 - Kurt Malangré, German politician (d. 2018)
 1939 – Jorge Sampaio, former President of Portugal
 1939 - Abbas El Fassi, former Prime Minister of Morocco
 1940 - Frankie Avalon, American musician
 1942 - Gabriella Ferri, Italian singer (d. 2004)
 1942 - Alex Stepney, English footballer
 1944 - Veronica Carlson, British actor (d. 2022)
 1944 - Charles L. Veach, American colonel, pilot and astronaut (d. 1995)
 1946 - Jimmy O'Rourke, Scottish footballer
 1947 - Giancarlo Minardi, Italian businessman
 1948 - Lynn Abbey, American computer programmer and writer
1949 - C. K. Menon, Indian businessman and politician (d. 2019)
 1949 – Mo Mowlam, English politician (d. 2005)
 1949 – Peter Shilton, English footballer
 1950 - Chris Heister, Swedish politician
1951  1975 
 1951 - Ben Carson, American neurosurgeon and politician
 1952 – Dee Dee Ramone, American musician (The Ramones) (d. 2002)
 1954 – Takao Doi, Japanese astronaut
 1954 - Murtaza Bhutto, Pakistani politician (d. 1996)
 1954 - Steven Pinker, Canadian psychologist, linguist and writer
 1954 - Dennis Johnson, American basketball player and coach
 1954 - Einar Mar Gudmundsson, Icelandic writer
 1955 - Paul Butler, English bishop
 1956 - Tom McInnerny, English actor
 1957 - Philip May, English investment banker, husband of Theresa May
 1958 - Rachid Taha, Algerian singer and activist (d. 2018)
 1961 – James Gandolfini, American actor (d. 2013)
 1962 - Joanne Catherall, English singer (The Human League)
 1962 - John Fashanu, English footballer
 1962 - John Mann, Canadian actor, singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019)
 1963 - John Powell, English-Canadian composer and conductor
 1963 - Dan Povenmire, American television director, writer, producer and actor
 1964 - Marco Masini, Italian singer-songwriter
1964 - Holly Robinson Peete, American actress and singer
 1967 - Tara Fitzgerald, English actress
 1968 - Upendra, Indian actor, singer, director and screenwriter
 1968 - Toni Kukoc, Croatian basketball player
 1970 - Aisha Tyler, American actress, television host and writer
 1970 – Darren Gough, English cricketer
 1971 – Anna Netrebko, Russian-Austrian opera singer
 1971 – Jada Pinkett Smith, American actress and model
 1971 – Lance Armstrong, American cyclist
 1972 - Michael Landes, American actor
 1972 - Iain Stewart, Scottish politician
 1973 - James Marsden, American actor
 1973 - Louise Sauvage, Australian wheelchair racer
 1973 – Mark Shuttleworth, South African entrepreneur
 1974 – Sol Campbell, English footballer
 1974 – Xzibit, American rapper
 1975 - Jason Sudeikis, American actor
From 1976 
 1976 - Sophina Brown, American actress
 1976 - Ronaldo, Brazilian footballer
 1977 - Barrett Foa, American actor
 1977 - Li Tie, Chinese footballer and manager
 1978 - Neil Entwistle, English murderer
 1979 – Daniel Aranzubia, Spanish footballer
 1979 - Junichi Inamoto, Japanese footballer
 1980 - Charles Hedger, British guitarist
 1981 – Andrea Caracciolo, Italian footballer
 1981 – Jennifer Tisdale, American actress and model
 1983 – Kevin Doyle, Irish footballer
 1983 - Yuzo Kurihara, Japanese footballer
 1984 - Jack Carpenter, American actor
 1984 - Dizzee Rascal, English rapper
 1984 - Travis Outlaw, American basketball player
 1985 - Pete Cashmore, Scottish blogger
 1986 - Cammy Bell, Scottish footballer
 1986 - Keeley Hazell, English model and actress
 1988 – Annette Obrestad, Norwegian poker player
 1989 – Chris Eubank Jr., British professional boxer
 1989 - Serge Ibaka, Congolese-Spanish basketball player
 1990 – Lewis Holtby, German footballer
1992 - Amber Liu, American-South Korean singer and dancer
 1993 - Patrick Schwarzenegger, American model and actor
 1995 - Max Meyer, German footballer
 1996 - C. J. Sanders, American football player
 1998 - Christian Pulisic, American soccer player
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 96 – Domitian, Roman Emperor (b. 51)
 411 - Constantine III, Roman general and emperor
 887 - Pietro I Candiano, 16th Doge of Venice (b. 842)
 1180 – King Louis VII of France (b. 1120)
 1361 - Louis V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1315)
 1598 – Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese warlord (b. 1536)
 1675 - Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1605)
 1783 – Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician (b. 1707)
 1792 - August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (b. 1704)
 1797 - Lazare Hoche, French general (b. 1768)
 1819 - John Langdon, American politician (b. 1743)
 1857 - Karol Kurpinski, Polish composer and conductor (b. 1785)
 1860 - Joseph Locke, English engineer (b. 1805)
 1872 – King Charles XV of Sweden/IV of Norway (b. 1826)
 1891 – José Manuel Balmaceda, President of Chile (b. 1840)
 1896 - Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist (b. 1819)
1901  2000 
 1904 – Herbert von Bismarck, son of Otto von Bismarck (b. 1849)
 1905 - George MacDonald, Scottish minister, writer and poet (b. 1894)
 1909 - Grigore Tocilescu, Romanian archaeologist and historian (b. 1850)
 1911 – Pyotr Stolypin, Russian politician (b. 1862)
 1924 – Francis Herbert Bradley, English mathematician (b. 1846)
 1939 - Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish writer, painter and photographer (b. 1885)
 1941 - Fred Karno, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1866)
 1953 - Charles de Tornaco, Belgian racing driver (b. 1927)
 1954 - Johannes Drost, Dutch swimmer (b. 1880)
 1956 - Adélard Godbout, Canadian politician, 15th Premier of Quebec (b. 1892)
 1958 - Olaf Gulbransson, Norwegian painter and illustrator (b. 1893)
 1959 - Harvey Glatman, American serial killer (executed by gas chamber; b. 1927)
 1961 – Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish United Nations Secretary-General and distinguished economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1905)
 1967 – John Cockcroft, British physicist (b. 1897)
1970 – Jimi Hendrix, American musician (b. 1942)
 1980 - Katherine Anne Porter, American journalist and writer (b. 1890)
 1987 – Américo Tomas, President of Portugal (b. 1894)
 1992 - Mohammad Hidayatullah, 6th Vice President of India (b. 1905)
 1992 - Princess Margaret of Denmark (b. 1895)
 1994 – Vitas Gerulaitis, American tennis player (b. 1954)
 1996 - Annabella, French actress (b. 1907)
From 2001 
 2002 – Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1930)
 2004 - Russ Meyer, American filmmaker (b. 1922)
 2006 - Edward J. King, American politician, 66th Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1925)
 2008 – Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (b. 1931)
 2009 – Irving Kristol, American columnist and journalist (b. 1920)
 2012 - Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician (b. 1915)
 2013 - Marcel Reich-Ranicki, German writer and literary critic (b. 1920)
 2013 - Ken Norton, American boxer (b. 1943)
 2014 - Kenny Wheeler, Canadian jazz trumpeter (b. 1930)
 2014 - George Radwanski, Canadian journalist and civil servant (b. 1947)
 2014 - Earl Ross, Canadian racing driver (b. 1941)
 2015 - Mario Benjamín Menéndez, Argentine general and Governor of the Falkland Islands (b. 1930)
 2015 - Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean footballer (b. 1955)
 2015 - Marcin Wrona, Polish movie and television director (b. 1973)
 2015 - Nancy Bernstein, American visual effects and movie producer (b. 1960)
2016 - C. Martin Croker, American actor (b. 1962)
 2017 - Jean Plaskie, Belgian footballer (b. 1941)
 2017 - Chuck Low, American actor (b. 1928)
 2017 - Afzal Ahsan Randhawa, Pakistani writer (b. 1937)
 2018 - David DiChiera, American composer (b. 1935)
 2018 - Marceline Loridan-Ivens, French writer and film director (b. 1928)
 2018 - Jean Piat, French actor (b. 1924)
 2018 - Richard M. Pollack, American mathematician (b. 1935)
 2018 - Robert Venturi, American architect (b. 1925)
 2018 - Norifumi Yamamoto, Japanese martial artist (b. 1977)
 2019 - Graeme Gibson, Canadian novelist and union leader (b. 1934)
 2019 - Tony Mills, English singer and musician (b. 1962)
 2019 - Shyam Ramsay, Indian film director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1952)
 2019 - Fernando Ricksen, Dutch footballer (b. 1976)
 2020 - Ruth Bader Ginsburg, American jurist (b. 1933)
Observances 
 Independence Day (Chile)
 Indigenous Language Day (Okinawa)

Days of the year
Quartz is a tectosilicate mineral that is the second most common mineral in Earth's continental crust. Its crystal structure is a framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra. Each shares an oxygen atom with another tetrahedron, so the overall chemical formula is SiO2 or silica.

It's name is derived from the German quarz, which sounds the same but is spelled without a t.

There are many different varieties of quartz, some of which are semi-precious gemstones.  They have been used for a long time to make jewelry and hardstone carvings.  Agate, amethyst, rose quartz are all forms of quartz.

Quartz crystals are used in oscillators, for example in quartz clocks. People also extract the silicon to make semiconductors.
The majority of sand is small quartz bits. Quartz has a mineral hardness of 7. (mohs scale).

The word "quartz" comes from the German word "quarz".
'Fused quartz' is glass made of silica in non-crystalline form. It does not contain other ingredients that are added to other glass to lower the melting point. Fused silica has high working and melting temperatures. For some purposes, fused quartz is better than other types of glass due to its purity. The glass is used in a number of high-tech products.

Quartz comes in many different types such as clear quartz, smoky quartz, tiger's eye, lemon quartz and many more. There are many microcrystalline types of quartz, like Jasper, Onyx, Agate and Carnelian.

Shocked quartz 

Shocked quartz is a form of quartz that has a microscopic structure different from normal quartz. Under intense pressure (but limited temperature), the crystalline structure of quartz is deformed along planes inside the crystal. These planes show up as lines under a microscope.
Shocked quartz is found worldwide, especially in impact craters and in the thin Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary layer. This is at the contact between Cretaceous and Paleogene rocks. It is further evidence (in addition to iridium enrichment) that the transition between the two geologic periods was caused by a large impact. Eugene Shoemaker discovered it in building stones in the Bavarian town of Nördlingen. The stones were from shocked metamorphic rocks, such as breccia, of a meteor crater.

Related pages 

Time crystal

References 

Minerals
Pink Floyd were an English rock band that became famous in the 1960s and 1970s. They performed for more than 30 years, and have sold more than 200 million (200,000,000) albums. They are famous for their live shows and deep music. Most of their albums are concept albums, which means every song is linked through a theme. Their first album was The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, which was released in 1967. Their latest album is The Endless River, which was released in November 2014. The band was named after the blues artists Pink Anderson and Floyd Council by Syd Barrett, one of the band's founder members. In 2005, they played at a concert called Live Aid after 24 years of not playing together. The line up was David Gilmour, Roger Waters, Nick Mason and Richard Wright. They have made some very popular albums, including The Dark Side of the Moon, which was released in 1973 and The Wall, which was released in 1979
. After Richard Wright died in 2008, David Gilmour said that he did not want to reunite, despite Roger saying he might want to.
Early history

Syd Barrett started the group, and played guitar and sang in the band.  He left soon after, at the start of 1968, because of a mental illness that was made worse by heavy drug use. The other people in the band were Roger Waters (bass guitar and vocals), David Gilmour (lead guitar and vocals), Richard Wright (keyboard and vocals), and Nick Mason (drums). David Gilmour joined the band in 1968.  Roger Waters quit the band in 1985. 

During most of their career, they played a kind of rock music that some people call progressive rock.

Later history