Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Work as an artist

Clay went to Europe during the years 1825 until 1828. He studied art there. After he came back to America, he made a collection of drawings called Life in Philadelphia. The drawings show racism against African American people who lived in Philadelphia. In the year 1831, he started making political cartoons. He made jokes about Andrew Jackson in a drawing called "The Rats Leave a Falling House". He moved to New York City in 1837. He made art for magazines and books, and also made drawings for sheet music.

Later life and death

He started to go blind and had to stop making art. He moved to Delaware and worked for the state government until he moved back to New York City in 1856. He became sick and died of tuberculosis in 1857. He is buried in Christ Church Burial Ground in Philadelphia. His artwork is owned by The Library Company of Philadelphia and the Library of Congress.

References
References

1799 births
1857 deaths
American painters
American cartoonists
American printmakers
Lawyers from Philadelphia
The Pennsylvania Bar Association is an American voluntary association of lawyers and people going to school for law. It is located in the state of Pennsylvania and is for people who work in that state. In the year 2013, 28,000 people were a part of the association.

References

Other websites

Organizations based in Pennsylvania

United States law
Billy Unger (born October 15, 1995) is an American actor. He is best known for his role of Chase Davenport on the sitcom Lab Rats. Unger was born in southern Florida. When he was 11 years old, he moved to California for his acting career.

References

Actors from Florida
American television actors
1995 births
Living people
Hattie Ophelia Wyatt Caraway (February 1, 1878 — December 21, 1950) was the first woman elected to serve a full term in the United States Senate. She was the Senator from Arkansas for just over thirteen years (December 1931 to January 1945).

Caraway had a stroke in 1950. She died later that year in Falls Church, Virginia due to this stroke.

Deaths from stroke
United States senators from Arkansas
1878 births
1950 deaths
The Division of Paterson is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It is just north of Newcastle, on the coast of the Tasman Sea. It includes the towns of Anna Bay, Bulahdelah. Clarence Town, Dungog, Forster, Hawks Nest, Lemon Tree Passage, Medowie, Morpeth, Nelson Bay, Paterson, Raymond Terrace, Stroud, Tuncurry and parts of Nabiac, Thornton and East Maitland. The division was first set up in 1949 and abolished in 1984. It was recreated after a redistribution in 1992.

The division is named after poet and author Banjo Paterson. It is possible that is was named after Colonel William Paterson who also gave his name to the Paterson River and the town of Paterson, both of which were in the electorate. It was first contested at the 1949 election.
In 1949 the division included Singleton, Maitland and Muswellbrook. Redistributions moved the electorate north until it included Gunnedah and Mudgee. The original electorate was abolished in 1984. In 1992 it was recreated covering a similar area to the original electorate.

Members

Election results

References

Other websites
 Division of Paterson - Australian Electoral Commission

Electoral divisions of Australia
New South Wales
1949 establishments in Australia
1984 disestablishments in Australia
1992 establishments in Australia
Elaine Schwartzenburg Edwards (March 8, 1929 – May 14, 2018) was a former United States Senator from Louisiana. She was a member of the Democratic Party. Edwards was the wife of Edwin Edwards, the former Governor of Louisiana. They were married from 1949 until they divorced in 1989. She was a Senator for three and a half months during 1972. Edwards was born in Marksville, Louisiana.

Edwards died on May 14, 2018 at her daughter's home in Denham Springs, Louisiana of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the age of 89.

References

Democratic Party (United States) politicians
United States senators from Louisiana
Deaths from COPD
1929 births
2018 deaths
Margaret Chase Smith (14 December 1897 — 29 May 1995) was an American politician. She was a member of the House of Representatives from 1940 to 1949, and a United States Senator from 1949 to 1973. She was from the Republican Party. She was the first female to be in both houses of the United States Congress.

Chase was born in Maine. She died after a stroke at age 97.

References

1964 United States presidential candidates
United States senators from Maine
Deaths from stroke
1897 births
1995 deaths
Eva Kelly Bowring (January 9, 1892 — January 8, 1985) was a United States Senator from Nebraska. She was the first woman from Nebraska in the Senate. She was a Senator for seven months during 1954.

She was born in Missouri. She died the day before her 93rd birthday.

Republican Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Missouri
United States senators from Nebraska
1892 births
1985 deaths
George Jerome Waldo Goodman (August 10, 1930 – January 3, 2014) was an American author and economics commentator. He was best known by his pen name Adam Smith. He also wrote fiction under his real name. 

Goodman died at the age of 83, at the University of Miami Hospital. He had suffered from the bone marrow disorder myelofibrosis.

References

Other websites

 Goodman's bio at Bookrags.com, page 1
 Goodman's bio at Bookrags.com, page 2
 

1930 births
2014 deaths
Writers from St. Louis, Missouri
Deaths from myelofibrosis
Rey means "king" in Spanish and Occitan. It comes from the Latin word rex. It is used as a name in many cultures.

It can also mean:

Rey, Iran
Rey County, Iran
Rey (Star Wars), a character in the Star Wars films.
Sir Peter John O'Sullevan (3 March 1918 – 29 July 2015) was an Irish retired horse racing commentator. He worked for the BBC, the Press Association, Daily Express and Today. He was the BBC's leading horse-racing commentator from 1947 to 1997.

O'Sullevan was born in Kenmare, Ireland. He studied at Hawtreys, Charterhouse School, and later at Collège Alpin International Beau Soleil in Switzerland. O'Sullevan died of cancer in London, aged 97.

References

Other websites
  2002 BBC Sports article on Royal Ascot
 2005 interview in The Independent (London)

1918 births
2015 deaths
BBC people
Sportspeople from the Republic of Ireland
Rebecca Ann Latimer Felton (10 June 1835 — 24 January 1930) was an American writer, lecturer and politician. She was in the United States Senate as a Democrat. She was from Georgia.

Latimer Felton was born in the Atlanta area. She died in the city of Atlanta, aged 94.

Democratic Party (United States) politicians
United States senators from Georgia
1835 births
1930 deaths
Oswald (–642) was a King of Northumbria and the first Christian monarch of that kingdom. Oswald brought St. Aidan from Iona to start a monastery on the island of Lindisfarne. Oswald was also venerated as a saint.

Early career
Early career 

Oswald was born , the son of King Athelfrith of Bernicia and his second wife Acha of Deira. At age twelve his father was killed in battle by Edwin who became King of Northumbria. Along with his brothers Eanfrith and Oswiu and their sister Aebbe, he found safety with the Scots in Dál Riata. The monks of Iona baptized the children and raised them in the Celtic Christian faith. For all of Edwin's reign Oswald remained in Exile. Cadwallon ap Cadfan, the Christian king of Gwynedd, along with the pagan Penda of Mercia, attacked Northumbria in 632. In 633 the two invading armies met Edwin at the Battle of Hatfield Chase. Edwin was killed and his army was destroyed. For the next year Cadwallon destroyed everything he could in Northumbria. At the same time Oswald was gathering a small army among the Scots and Picts.
He attacked Cadwallon's larger army at a place called Hefenfelth ("heavenly field"). Cadwallon was killed and his army defeated.

King of Northumbria
Oswald claimed the crowns of both Bernicia and Deira. By doing this he reunited Northumbria to a single kingdom. Oswald was the first king of Northumbria to come to the throne already a Christian. As one of his first acts Oswald set up what would become the holy island of Lindisfarne. He asked for a bishop to come to Northumbria to convert his people to the Christian faith. They sent Bishop Aidan. Aidan built a monastery and created a Christian colony on the island of Lindisfarne off the coast of Bamburgh. Oswald, at least at first, had to translate for Aidan who did not speak English fluently. Oswald was considered a bretwalda by Bede, the fourth such overlord over the other Anglo-Saxon kings. In 635, Oswald married Cyneburh, the daughter of King Cynegils of Wessex. Oswald also became the godfather of Cynegils when he was baptized . Oswald created several similar alliances in an effort to contain Penda of Mercia. About 638 he won a battle against Owen Map Bili, the king of Strathclyde near Edinburgh
. In 640 Oswald tried to recover Lindsey from Penda. The two armies met again in 642 at the Battle of Maserfield (probably in Shropshire). Oswald was killed in the battle. For a year after the battle his head and hands were fastened to stakes. His brother Oswiu finally recovered Oswald's relics. Oswiu succeeded Oswald as king of Northumbria.
Family 

Oswald married Cyneburh of Wessex. Their son, "the only son he possessed on earth", was: 

 Athelwald

Notes

References

Other websites 

 Kings of Northumbria
600s births
642 deaths
Anglo-Saxon royalty
"Don't Turn Around" is a popular song. It was first sung by Tina Turner in 1986. It was not until 1988, though, when singers Bonnie Tyler and Luther Ingram made their own versions of the song, that it got really popular. The most famous version of the song was by Ace of Base in 1994.

1986 songs
Pop songs
Tina Turner songs
Ace of Base songs
Bonnie Tyler songs
Neil Diamond songs
"All That She Wants" is a hit single from Swedish pop group Ace of Base. It was released in 1992. The song hit #2 in the United States. It was also at the top of the charts in Germany, Australia, United Kingdom and Denmark. The song was very popular in 1993.

The longest version was 7 minutes and 58 seconds long.

1992 songs
Pop songs
Ace of Base songs
"The Sign" is a hit song performed by Ace of Base. It was released as a single on 29 October 1993 in Europe. The song hit #2 on the UK Singles Chart. It spent six weeks near #1 in the United States.

A cover version of this song was played on the television series Full House.

Another version of this song lasts six minutes and 49 seconds.

1993 songs
Pop songs
The Woodlands is a National Historic Landmark in the city of Philadelphia in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. The Schuylkill River goes past The Woodlands. It has a mansion, a building to put a carriage inside (called a "carriage house"), and a garden that became a cemetery in the year 1840. Over 30,000 people are buried in the cemetery.

References

Other websites

National Historic Landmarks of the United States
Philadelphia
Cemeteries in the United States
1770 establishments
1770s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
18th-century establishments in Pennsylvania
The Schuylkill River is a river in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. It is  long. It used to be called "Tool-pay Hanna" by the Lenape.

References

Rivers of Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania Prison Society is a non-profit organization. It in the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States. It helps prisoners and their families. It also helps prisoners after they are out of prison. 

It was started in 1787. It used to be called the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons. It was founded by a group of men from Philadelphia. The group of men included Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Rush, John Swanwick, Tench Coxe, Zachariah Poulson, and William White. William White was the president for a long time.

It now has many small organizations, called "chapters", around Pennsylvania. It has 43 chapters.

References

Non-profit organizations of the United States
Philadelphia
Imprisonment and detention
1787 establishments in the United States
Human rights organizations in the United States
1780s establishments in Pennsylvania
Irene Papas (; 3 September 1929 – 14 September 2022) was a Greek musician and actress. She played the title character in the 1962 movie Elektra. She also had lots of other movies. She was born in Chiliomodi, Greece. She retired from acting in 2003.

Her birthyear is sometimes confused as 1926, however, in an interview, Papas said she was born in 1929.

Papas had a long love affair with American actor Marlon Brando.

In 2013, it was revealed that Papas had Alzheimer's disease. She died on 14 September 2022 in Chiliomodi at the age of 93.

References

Greek singers
Greek actors
1929 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
"(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty" is a 1976 hit song from KC and the Sunshine Band. The song was #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and on the soul singles chart.

The lyrics caused controversy due to their sexual nature.

Chart performance

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

All-time charts

References 

1976 songs
Pop songs
KC and the Sunshine Band songs
Warren Skorodenski (born March 22, 1960 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender. Frederick played a total of 35 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Chicago Black Hawks and Edmonton Oilers.

Career
He played for the New Brunswick Hawks, the AHL affiliate of the Black Hawks. During that time, he was able to win the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award for being the goalie with the lowest goals against average and shared the award with his teammate Bob Janecyk. He was called up by the Black Hawks during the 1981-82 NHL season. He played 1 game and was sent back down to the AHL where he played 4 seasons and 1 season in the CHL with the Birmingham South Stars. During the 1984-85 NHL season, he was called up and played as Murray Bannerman backup. He recorded the league's highest save percentage, at 0.903. In 1987, he signed a contract with the Edmonton Oilers and played 3 games with them. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 1990.

References
References

Other websites
 

1960 births
Living people
Calgary Wranglers players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Cape Breton Oilers players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Edmonton Oilers players
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
New Brunswick Hawks players
Nova Scotia Oilers players
Sherbrooke Jets players
Sportspeople from Winnipeg
Springfield Indians players
American Hockey League players
Mower Hospital was a military hospital in a neighborhood named Chestnut Hill, which is in the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1862 for soldiers who were in the American Civil War. It was run by the United States Army.

Architect John McArthur, Jr. designed the hospital. It was near the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad so hurt soldiers could be brought to the hospital fast. It was open from January 1863 until May 1865. 

It had room for 40,000 patients. It was shaped so that people would not get sicker or get an infection from other sick and injured people. It had many things for the people who worked there, and for the injured soldiers. People could go to a barber shop and go grocery shopping. It had lights powered with gas and fresh water. 

The hospital does not exist anymore.

References

Hospitals in the United States
Buildings and structures in Philadelphia
American Civil War
1862 establishments in the United States
1860s establishments in Pennsylvania
Alicia Rhett (February 1, 1915 – January 3, 2014) was an American painter and actress. She appeared in several movies, but was more known for painting portraits. She played India Wilkes in Gone with the Wind.

She was born in Savannah, Georgia. She died at age 98 in Charleston, South Carolina.

References

Other websites

 
 New York Times biography

American movie actors
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
1915 births
2014 deaths
The Merchants' Exchange Building is a building in the city of Philadelphia which is in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. It is in a historical neighborhood called Old City. Architect William Strickland designed the building. It was built starting in the year 1832 and was done in 1834. The Merchants' Exchange Building was the first office building in the city. It used to be a brokerage house.  In 1875, the Philadelphia Stock Exchange moved into the building. 

In the year 2001 it became a National Historic Landmark.

References

National Historic Landmarks of the United States
1834 establishments in the United States
Buildings and structures in Philadelphia
1830s establishments in Pennsylvania
Saul Zaentz ( (February 28, 1921 – January 3, 2014) was an American movie producer. He also owned a record company. He won the Academy Award for Best Picture three times. In 1996, he was awarded the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award.

Zaentz died in San Francisco, California. He was suffering from Alzheimer's disease. He was 92 years old.

References

Other websites
IMDB Profile
The Saul Zaentz Company
Zaentz Media Center official site

1921 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in San Francisco
Movie producers from New Jersey
People from Passaic, New Jersey
A proxy war, or proxy warfare, is a war in which opposite sides use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly. States sometimes use less powerful states as proxies but more often use violent non-state actors, mercenaries, and other third parties, such as during a civil war. They may give their proxies money, weapons, training, or other help. The hope is  to strike an opponent without a full-scale war, especially one that could involve the nuclear bomb.

The United States and the Soviet Union used many proxies to fight each other during the Cold War. Both sides tried to increase their influence and to decrease the other's influence.

War
Willem "Wim" Kok (September 29, 1938 – October 20, 2018) was a politician and former trade unionist from the Netherlands. He represented the Labour Party (PvdA). He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from August 22, 1994 until July 22, 2002.

Kok was born in Bergambacht in South Holland.

Kok died on October 20, 2018 in Amsterdam from heart failure at the age of 80.

References

Other websites

  W. (Wim) Kok (Parlement & Politiek)
  Kabinet-Kok I  (Rijksoverheid)
  Kabinet-Kok II  (Rijksoverheid)
 Dr. W. Kok  (Rijksoverheid)

1938 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch lobbyists
Dutch trade unionists
Leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians
Politicians from South Holland
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Josip Manolić (born 22 March 1920) is a Croatian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Croatia from 24 August 1990 to 17 July 1991.

References

1920 births
Living people
Yugoslavian military people
Majors
Military personnel of World War II
Prime Ministers of Croatia
The George H. W. Bush vomiting incident was an incident that occurred on January 8, 1992 at around 8:20 p.m. JST when U.S. President George H. W. Bush fainted after vomiting at a banquet hosted by the then Prime Minister of Japan, Kiichi Miyazawa. Bush vomited on Miyazawa's lap. Bush later made comments to the press that he had a 24 hour flu bug. The incident was widely reported, After the event, many comedians made fun of Bush because of the incident.

References

1992 in the United States
George H. W. Bush
1990s in Japan
1992 in Asia
Harry Milner Whittington (born March 3, 1927 – February 4, 2023) was an American lawyer and real estate investor. He became famous in the media on February 11, 2006, when he was accidentally shot by Vice President Dick Cheney. Cheney was hunting quail with two women on a ranch in Kenedy County, Texas, near Corpus Christi. He died on February 4, 2023 aged 95.

References

Other websites
 Lawyer wins another round in eminent domain case against the city in the Austin American-Statesman, January 28, 2006 
 Last Rights in the Austin Chronicle. October 5, 2001.
 Whittington named committee head in the Austin Business Journal, July 8, 2004.
 Cheney Accidentally Shoots Fellow Hunter, ABC News, February 12, 2006
 Texas Funeral Service Commission employee listing 
 Harry Whittington's campaign contributions  at newsmeat.com

1927 births
Lawyers from Austin
Businesspeople from Austin, Texas
2023 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
People from Corpus Christi, Texas
The Dick Cheney hunting incident happened on February 11, 2006, when then U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney shot Harry Whittington, a 78-year-old Texas attorney, while participating in a quail hunt on a ranch in Kenedy County, Texas. Both Cheney and Whittington called the incident an accident.

On February 14, 2006, Whittington suffered a non-fatal heart attack and atrial fibrillation due to at least one lead-shot pellet lodged in or near his heart. Cheney did not speak publicly about the incident until February 15 in an interview with Fox News. Early reports indicated that Cheney and Whittington were friends and that the injuries were minor.  Whittington has since told the Washington Post that he and Cheney were not close friends but acquaintances and has not said if Cheney apologized.

References

2006 in the United States
2000s in Texas
was a Japanese politician. Miyazawa was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). He was the 78th Prime Minister, serving from 5 November 1991 to 9 August 1993.

Miyazawa died in Tokyo at the age of 87.

References

Other websites

1919 births
2007 deaths
Prime Ministers of Japan
People from Hiroshima Prefecture
University of Tokyo alumni
Haydée Mercedes Sosa (9 July 1935 – 4 October 2009) was an Argentine singer. She was popular throughout Latin America and many countries outside the continent. Sosa became one of the important examples of nueva canción. She gave voice to songs written by both Brazilians and Cubans. She was best known as the "voice of the voiceless ones".

Sosa suffered from breathing problems in later years. Sosa went into hospital in Buenos Aires on September 18, 2009. She died from multiple organ failure on October 4, 2009. She was aged 74.

References

Other websites

 Tribute to Mercedes Sosa  (in Portuguese BR)
 Mercedes Sosa's website  (in Spanish)
 Mercedes Sosa's News (in Spanish)
 

1935 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Argentine singers
Latin Grammy Award winners
People from Tucumán Province
Walk the Line is an American biographical drama movie based on the life of country singer Johnny Cash. It stars Joaquin Phoenix, Reese Witherspoon, Ginnifer Goodwin and Robert Patrick. It was released on November 18, 2005. It got positive reviews from critics.

Release dates 

2005 drama movies
2000s biographical movies
20th Century Fox movies
American biographical movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
Johnny Cash
Movies directed by James Mangold
Jennifer Michelle Goodwin (or Ginnifer Goodwin; born May 22, 1978) is an American actress. She played Margene Heffman in the television series Big Love. She also appeared on movies, including Mona Lisa Smile, Something Borrowed, Walk the Line, He's Just Not That Into You and Zootopia.

References

Other websites

 
 
 

1978 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Memphis, Tennessee
Robert Patrick (born Robert Patrick Hammond Jr.; November 5, 1958) is an American actor. He is known for his roles in Die Hard 2, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Spy Kids, Walk the Line, Wayne's World, and in Identity Thief. He won a Saturn Award in 2000 for his role in The Sopranos.

Patrick was born in Marietta, Georgia.

References

Other websites

 
 
 Robert Patrick bio  at CBS, The Unit

Saturn Award winners
1958 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
John Cameron Fogerty (born May 28, 1945) is an American musician, songwriter and guitarist. He is best known for his time with the roots rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival (CCR), as well as his time as a solo musician.

Fogerty was born in Berkeley, California. The first band he was a part of was called The Golliwogs. He started this band with his brother Tom Fogerty, and Doug Clifford and Stu Cook.

In 1966, Fogerty served a United States Army Reserve unit at Fort Bragg, Fort Knox, and Fort Lee. In July 1967, he was discharged. At that time the band changed its name to Creedence Clearwater Revival. The band broke up in 1972. Since then, Fogerty has had a successful solo career.

He is currently married to Julie Kramer. They have one daughter from Kramer's previous marriage, two sons and a daughter.

References

Other websites
Official website

1945 births
Living people
American rock guitarists
American songwriters
Writers from Berkeley, California
Singers from Berkeley, California
The Kola Superdeep Borehole (, Kolskaya sverkhglubokaya skvazhina) was a very deep hole dug on the Kola Peninsula in Russia during 1970-1992 and closed by 2008. It was dug in order to learn more about the inside of the Earth. Digging started on May 24, 1970. The work continued until 1992, or 1994. The borehole was kept open until 2005. SG-3, the deepest part of the hole, reached  below the surface in 1989. That is the deepest hole ever made and is still the deepest man-made point on Earth.

For a long time, SG-3 was also the longest hole by distance from its opening. In 2008, the Al Shaheen BD-04A oil well in Qatar reached + farther and, in 2011, the Odoptu OP-11 oil well off Sakhalin got + farther.

Making the hole
Making the hole

The hole was made with different machines at different times. The Soviets started making the hole with the Uralmash-4E. Later, they used the Uralmash-15000. At first, they wanted to get to  below the surface. The machines broke the earlier record for the deepest hole on June 6, 1979. The prior record had been held by the  Bertha Rogers hole in Washita County, Oklahoma, in the United States. The machines got to  below the surface in 1983. Then the Soviet Union celebrated (took special note of) this for about a year without going any deeper. On September 27, 1984, the machine broke at a depth of ; its drill string twisted off and was left in the hole. When the Soviets started to make the hole again, they had to start from .
The greatest depth was reached in 1989. The people making the hole thought that they would get to  by the end of 1990 and, at last, get to 15,000 m by 1993. They were not able to go any deeper, though, because they had made an error, and the end of the hole was  in place of the  they had hoped for. Their machines stopped making any holes at all in 1992. The last studies were stopped in 2005 and the place was completely closed and left alone in 2008.

What we learned

The Kola hole got about ⅓ of the way through the Baltic Shield, the part of the Earth's crust (its outer level of rock) below the Kola Peninsula. (People who study the Earth think it's about  deep at the place where the hole was made.) The rocks at the bottom of the deepest hole were more than 2½ billion years old.
The people who made the hole said they wanted to learn about the different levels of the Baltic Shield, how sound and heat move under the ground, or what kinds of rocks make up the deep crust, and to create new skills and tools for going deep into the Earth. One of the most important things they found was they had made an error about the kinds of rocks underground. When they looked at how sound waves moved through the Earth, they thought there should be a change from granite to basalt rocks at about  below the surface. In fact, the sound waves had changed because the heat and pressure made the granite act differently. Also, this special kind of granite was broken into pieces and full of water. The water did not come from above but had been trapped in the deep crust by solid rock. Another important discovery was that the mud from the deep hole was "boiling" with hydrogen gas.

Related pages
 Mohorovičić discontinuity

Authorities

Other books

Other websites
Other websites

 Official website 
 "The World's Deepest Hole " from the 1985 Alaska Science Forum
 "The Deepest Hole" at Damn Interesting

Earth sciences
Oliver Glasner (born August 28th, 1974) is an Austrian retired football player. He is now assistant coach of FC Red Bull Salzburg.

Career
Glasner started with SV Riedau, then went on to SV Ried. There he played from 1992 until 2011. In the 2003/04 season, he played for LASK Linz on loan. For SV Ried he played 516 matches and scored 27 goals. He played for Ried in an international match in 2011. He then had to have surgery on his brain, which ended his career.

In 2012 he came to FC Red Bull Salzburg and worked in the managing staff. After the replacement of Ricardo Moniz he became assistance coach to Roger Schmidt.

Honours
Austrian Cup: 1998, 2011 with SV Ried
Lifetime Honorary captain of SV Ried

References

1974 births
Living people
Austrian football managers
Austrian footballers
FC Liefering managers
SV Ried managers
LASK managers
Austrian football defenders

Players of LASK
"On Denoting" is an essay by Bertrand Russell from 1905. The essay was published in the philosophy journal Mind in 1905. It was reprinted, in both a special 2005 anniversary issue of the same journal and in Russell's Logic and Knowledge, 1956. The essay is one of the most significant and influential philosophical essays of the 20th century. In it, Russell introduces definite and indefinite descriptions, formulates descriptivism with regard to proper names, and characterises proper names as "disguised" or "abbreviated" definite descriptions.

In the 1920s, Frank P. Ramsey referred to the essay as "that paradigm of philosophy". In the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry Descriptions, Peter Ludlow singled the essay out as "the paradigm of philosophy", and called it a work of "tremendous insight"; provoking discussion and debate among philosophers of language and linguists for over a century.

References

 

Works of philosophy
British essays
1905 works
The Chumscrubber is a 2005 movie. It got mostly bad reviews from movie critics. The main character, Dean Stiffle, was played by Jamie Bell. In the movie Dean's best friend Troy commits suicide.

2005 movies
American independent movies
Rosa Isabel Mutya Buena (born 21 May 1985) is an English singer and songwriter. She is best known for being a member of the Sugababes.

Early life
Buena was born in Kingsbury, London to a Filipino father and Irish mother.
Career
Buena became famous as a member of girl group Sugababes in 2000. The band released three studio albums with Buena as a member. She left the band in 2005. In 2007 Buena released an album on her own called Real Girl. It reached number ten in the UK Albums Chart. Five songs from the album were released as singles. The album's first single, "Real Girl", reached number two in the UK Singles Chart. "Song 4 Mutya" was released as the second single. In 2008 the record label that released the album dropped Buena because the album did not sell as many copies as they hoped. On 2 January 2009, Buena entered Celebrity Big Brother 6 as a housemate. On 16 January 2009 Buena chose to leave the Big Brother House. In 2010 Buena said that she did not want to be a musician anymore and that she was training to become a child psychologist. In 2011 Buena started a new band called Mutya Keisha Siobhan with Keisha Buchanan and Siobhán Donaghy. They released their first single "Flatline" in 2013.
Personal life
In March 2005 Buena gave birth to a daughter called Tahlia.

Discography

Real Girl (2007)

References

1985 births
Living people
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
English R&B singers
English pop singers
English dance musicians
British soul musicians
People from the London Borough of Brent
Singers from London
Sugababes members
Siobhán Emma Donaghy (born 14 June 1984) is an English singer. She was born in London.

Career

Sugababes
In 1998 Donaghy started Sugababes with Mutya Buena and Keisha Buchanan. Their first album One Touch was released by London Records in 2000. In 2001 Donaghy left the group.

Solo career
In May 2003 Donaghy released the single "Nothing but Song" under Shanghai Nobody, an anagram of her name. In 2003 she released her first album on her own, Revolution in Me as Siobhán Donaghy. Her second album Ghosts was released in 2007. It got good reviews from music critics.

In 2011 the Sugababes started again with the name Mutya Keisha Siobhan. In 2013 Sugababes said that they had broken up. They released their first single, "Flatline", in 2013. It reached number 50 in the UK Singles Chart. Their first album is thought to be planned for release in early 2014.

References

1984 births
Living people
Singers from London
Sugababes members
Dr. Seuss' The Lorax is a 2012 American animated movie based on Dr. Seuss' book of the same name. It stars Danny DeVito, Ed Helms, Zac Efron, Taylor Swift, Betty White, Rob Riggle and Jenny Slate. It was released on July 6, 2012. The movie received mixed reviews. It has songs like Let it Grow and How Bad Can I Be.

Plot
The story begins when a boy named Ted Wiggins appears, and ends when a Once-ler reunites with a Lorax.

2012 animated movies
American family movies
American animated movies
American criminal comedy movies
American adventure movies
2010s English-language movies
Movies based on books by Dr. Seuss
Dystopian movies
Illumination movies
Geraldine James (born 6 July 1950) is an English actress. She has acted in television series, such as She's Been Away. She played Portia in a Broadway production of The Merchant of Venice in 1989. More recently, she acted in the movie Diana in 2013.

James was born in Berkshire, England.

References

English television actors
English movie actors
1950 births
Living people
The movie Look Who's Talking Too is a comedy and drama movie. It was released December 14, 1990 in the United States. The movie is about childbirth and a couple wanting to be an average family. Kirstie Alley plays Mollie, Roseanne Barr voices Julie, John Travolta plays James and Bruce Willis voices Mikey. The movie received very negative reviews. Its overall box office, however, was moderately strong.

References

Other websites 

 
 
 
 

1990 comedy-drama movies
1990 romantic comedy movies
1990 romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
1990s English-language movies
1990s sequel movies
American family movies
American sequel movies
Movies about children
Movies directed by Amy Heckerling
Movies set in New York City
Pregnancy movies
The Division of Reid is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It is named after the Right Honourable Sir George Reid, a former Premier of New South Wales and the fourth Prime Minister of Australia. Ot was set up in 1922.

The division is in the inner-western suburbs of Sydney. It includes Abbotsford, Breakfast Point, Cabarita, Canada Bay, Chiswick, Concord, Concord West, Drummoyne, Five Dock, Homebush, Homebush West, Liberty Grove, Lidcombe, Mortlake, Newington, North Strathfield, Rhodes, Rodd Point, Russell Lea, Silverwater, Sydney Olympic Park, Wareemba, and Wentworth Point; and includes parts of Auburn, Berala, Burwood, Croydon, and Strathfield.

History
In 2009 the Australian Electoral Commission proposed that the division be abolished. The name "Reid" was kept for a division which included most of the old Division of Lowe, with part of the old Division of Reid.

Members
Members

Members for the division have included Jack Lang, a former Premier of New South Wales; Tom Uren, a minister in Whitlam and Hawke governments; and Laurie Ferguson, the son of Jack Ferguson who was a Deputy Premier of New South Wales, and the brother of Martin Ferguson, a former President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions and a minister in the Rudd and Gillard governments.

Election results

References

Other websites
 Division of Reid – Australian Electoral Commission

Electoral divisions of Australia
New South Wales
1922 establishments in Australia
Benton County is a county in Indiana. Its county seat is Fowler. About 93% of the land in the county is used for growing crops, mainly corn and soybeans.

Cities 
There are no cities in this county. The largest town, Fowler, in 2020 had a population of 2,337.

Towns 
Ambia
Boswell
Earl Park
Fowler
Otterbein
Oxford

Wind farms 
There are three large wind farms in the county:
 Benton County Wind Farm - 135 turbines
 Fowler Ridge Wind Farm - 460 turbines
 Hoosier Wind Farm - 53 turbines

References 

Indiana counties
1840 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Indiana
Twink Caplan (born 25 December 1947) is an American actress. She played Rona in the first two Look Who's Talking movies. She also played Miss Geist in the 1995 movie Clueless.

The actress was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

References

Actors from Pittsburgh
American television actors
American movie actors
1947 births
Living people
Fowler is a town in Benton County, Indiana, in the United States

References 

Towns in Indiana
County seats in Indiana
Alpha and Omega 2: A Howl-iday Adventure (or just Alpha and Omega 2) is a 2013 American computer-animated action comedy movie. It was co-produced and directed by Richard Rich. It is the sequel to the 2010 animated movie Alpha and Omega. The first announcement for the movie was in September 2012, when it was announced for a worldwide theatrical release. However, the movie faced a lot of scandals and delays during its production and was released straight-to-DVD instead on October 8, 2013 with a Christmas theme. Alpha and Omega 3: The Great Wolf Games was released on iTunes on March 4, 2014. It was released as a Walmart exclusive on March 25, 2014.

Plot
Kate and Humphrey are eager to spend the upcoming winter with their three pups, Stinky, Claudette and Runt, as it will be the first that they've spent together as a family.
While out travelling with his siblings, Runt, the only Omega offspring of Kate and Humphrey, climbs a tree and spots 3 rogue wolves in the area. After 2 of the rogue wolves save Stinky and Claudette from a grizzly, Runt suddenly disappears. Stinky and Claudette then inform Kate and Humphrey, including their relatives as they were about to have a family dinner, about Runt's disappearance. The family hurries to find Runt, and Kate sees that the rogue wolves have captured Runt and are heading to Banff National Park, home to the rogue wolf pack and south of Jasper. After being warned by Tony and Winston about how dangerous the rogues are, Kate and Humphrey still go on to find their lost pup, much to their disappointment. Meanwhile, at Banff, Runt is taken to the rogues’ leader, King. He is then made as a bait, as King expects the western pack to come for Runt. Princess, King's daughter, is appointed to care for Runt and to keep the bait alive
. As night falls, a storm approaches, prompting Kate and Humphrey to stop the search and wait for the storm to subside the next day. Meanwhile, at the den, Stinky and Claudette sneak out to help their parents search for Runt while everyone is asleep.
The next day, Kate and Humphrey meet Marcel and Paddy. After following what their parents did before to cross the river, Stinky and Claudette find them and go with their parents to help in the search. On the way, they meet a lost grizzly cub who was separated from his mother. At first, Humphrey refuses because of his experience with a bear cub before. He then decides to let the bear go with them. A mile away from Banff, Kate and Humphrey leave Paddy to guard the children while they and Marcel retrieve Runt. Despite this, the children manage to convince Paddy to go. While on Banff, their family also arrives and Humphrey is made to distract the rogues by acting as a gigantic "special-class alpha" named Lockjaw while Kate retrieves Runt. After finding out that it is but a trick, King orders the Alpha rogues to kill them. Winston then orders Kate and Humphrey to take the cubs to the north side in the human roads and they will rendezvous there
. Fortunately, the bear cub's family arrives and helps them defeat the rogues after the cub explained how the wolves helped him. As the snow covers the lands, Humphrey and his family are lost. Runt climbs a tree and sees the human roads about ten miles away at the foot of the mountain. They then logboard their way down.
Upon reaching the same gas station and seeing Max, the same hunter they encountered before, Humphrey hesitates. They go in anyway and the man sees them. Once seeing Kate and Humphrey have pups (and him having a family of his own), Max decides to be nice this time. So, he gives them free food and leaves the door open, much to their surprise. The film ends with Kate and Humphrey deciding to settle there for the winter as they all go to sleep.

Reception
Reception

Alpha and Omega 2: A Howl-iday Adventure received generally mixed reviews by critics, who praised the film for its improvement on the script, humor, dialogue, story and voice acting, but they also criticized the film's animation quality, short run time and rushed ending. So far, the film has a 55% in Rotten Tomatoes and a 50 out of 100 in Metacritic, indicating "mixed to average reviews". The consensus for the movie in Rotten Tomatoes is "While it suffers from sub-par animation and a rushed plot, Alpha and Omega 2: A Howl-iday Adventure delivers enough good thrills and improvements to keep fans and audiences entertained". Just like the first movie, Alpha and Omega 2: A Howl-iday Adventure was very successful with fans, who gave the film extremely positive reviews, despite the mixed critical reaction and gaining a 81% rating in the RT community. The movie also gained a cult following.
Soundtrack
 "Life After You" by Daughtry 
 "Learn to Love Again" by Lawson
 "Drops of Jupiter (Tell Me)" by Train
 "I Found You" by The Wanted
 "Goin' Back to Indiana" by The Jackson 5
 "They Don't Care About Us" by Michael Jackson
 "Wonderful Christmas Time" by Wings
 "I'll Never Break Your Heart" by Backstreet Boys
 "Shake Up Christmas" by Train
 "Christmas Time" by Backstreet Boys
 "What Do You Want From Me" by Adam Lambert
 "A Thousand Miles" by Vanessa Carlton
 "I'm Your Angel" by Celine Dion featuring R. Kelly
 "I Don't Wanna Spend One More Christmas Without You" by 'N Sync
 "If My Heart Was a House" by Owl City
Sequels
The two other sequels of Alpha and Omega are currently in production. Alpha and Omega 3: The Great Wolf Games is set to have direct-to-DVD release on March 25, 2014 and it will be a Walmart exclusive. The plot will follow around The Great Wolf Games, which are happening in Jasper when Kate, Humphrey and the puppies arrive home. In the games, all the pups from different packs come together and compete in different games. But, something goes wrong, leaving most of the Alphas out of commission. So, it's up to Humphrey to lead the new team to victory. Alpha and Omega: The Legend of the Saw Tooth Cave will be released in October 31 2014, along with Alpha and Omega 5: Family Vacation to be released in Spring 2015.

Other websites

2013 movies
English-language movies
Sequel movies
American comedy movies
American animated movies
Movies about wolves
Movies about bears
Alpha and Omega
Blackford County is a county in Indiana. Its county seat is Hartford City.

Cities 
Dunkirk
Hartford City
Montpelier

Towns 
Shamrock Lakes

References 

Indiana counties
1838 establishments in Indiana
Boone County is a county in Indiana. Its county seat is Lebanon.

Cities 
Lebanon

Towns 
Advance
Jamestown
Thorntown
Ulen
Whitestown
Zionsville

References 

Indiana counties
1830 establishments in Indiana
Alex Cross is an American crime thriller movie. It was released in October 2012. It is about a police detective and psychologist who lives in Detroit with his family. He would like to leave Detroit for Washington, D.C.. But when his wife is killed, Alex goes looking for evidence against the killer.

Tyler Perry plays the title character. Cross was previously played by Morgan Freeman in Kiss the Girls and Along Came a Spider.

The movie critics did not give good reviews for Alex Cross. The movie did not do well at the box office.

References

Other websites 
 

2012 crime thriller movies
2010s mystery movies
2010s American crime thriller movies
American mystery movies
American serial killer movies
2010s English-language movies
Movies set in Detroit
Lionsgate movies
Cicely Louise Tyson (December 19, 1924 – January 28, 2021) was an American actress. She played Sipsey in the comedic-drama movie Fried Green Tomatoes (1991), and played Mamma Kay in the movie The Haunting in Georgia (2013). She also played Carrie Grace Battle in the television series Sweet Justice.

Tyson was born in New York City. She died on January 28, 2021 in New York City at the age of 96.

Notes

Reference

Drama Desk Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Models from New York City
American stage actors
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from New York City
1924 births
2021 deaths
Suchitra Sen (6 April 1931 – 17 January 2014) was an Indian actress. She appeared in over 100 Bangladeshi movies. She was best known for her roles in Deep Jwele Jaai and Aandhi.

Sen was born near Pabna, Benagal. She was awarded the Padma Shri in 1972. Sen died on January 17, 2014 from a heart attack. She was aged 82. She had been admitted due to an infection.

References

Other websites
 
 A Biography upperstal.com 
 Calcuttaweb article on Suchitra Sen 

1931 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian movie actors
People of British India
Nicanor Parra Sandoval (5 September 1914 – 23 January 2018) was a Chilean poet, mathematician and physicist. He was considered to be an influential poet in Latin America and one of the most important poets of Spanish literature. Parra had been nominated several times for a Nobel Prize in Literature.

Parra died on January 23, 2018, at 7:00 am, in La Reina, Chile, at the age of 103.

References

Other websites

Nicanor Parra  Official website
Nicanor Parra website  at the Universidad de Chile
Nicanor Parra: De los Antipoemas a los Artefactos Dramáticos – Madrid
La Antipoesía de Parra y el lenguaje del artefacto   UNESCO

1914 births
2018 deaths
Chilean poets
Chilean centenarians
Physicists
Mathematicians
Chilean scientists
Ñuble Region
Fouad A. Ajami (; September 18, 1945 – June 22, 2014) was an Lebanese-born American professor and writer. He was a senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.

He was born in Arnoun, Lebanon. Ajami was an outspoken supporter of the Iraq War. He has also appeared on CNN multiple times.

Ajami died from prostate cancer in Maine, aged 68.

References

Other websites
Fouad Ajami  at Johns Hopkins SAIS
Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa (ASMEA)

1945 births
2014 deaths
Stanford University faculty
American political writers
Writers from Oregon
F. Murray Abraham (born October 24, 1939) is an American actor. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as Antonio Salieri in Amadeus (1984). He is also known for his roles on The Name of the Rose (1986), Finding Forrester (2000), Inside Llewyn Davis (2013), All the President's Men (1976) and Scarface (1983).

References

Other websites
 
 
 
 
 Yahoo! Movies Biography
 F. Murray Abraham  at IMG Artists

Golden Globe Award winning actors
1939 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Pittsburgh
American Presbyterians
Television personalities from Pennsylvania
Best Actor Academy Award winners
People from El Paso, Texas
The carat is a unit of mass, which is used for gemstones and pearls. One Carat is equal to 0.2g. The current definition was adopted in 1907  at the Fourth General Conference on Weights and Measures. Officially, the carat can be divided into 100 pointsof 2 milligrams each.

References

Units of mass