Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Kitty Hawk or Kittyhawk may refer to:

Places
Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
Kitty Hawk, is an area of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
Kitty Hawk Air Society, an Honor Society for the Air Force Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps program

Airlines
Kitty Hawk Aircargo, an American cargo airline based in Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas
Kitty Hawk Airways, an American airline based at Dallas Love Field near Dallas in Dallas County, Texas

Military
USS Kitty Hawk, ships of the United States Navy
Curtiss P-40 Kitty Hawk, a U.S. World War II fighter aircraft

Computers
IBM Kittyhawk, 2008 supercomputer designed by IBM to run entire Internet.
HP Kittyhawk microdrive, hard disk drive made by Hewlett Packard
Morse code is an old system of encoding messages that is used to send telegraphic information using signals and rhythm. In written communication,  Morse code uses dots and dashes to represent a limited number of alphabet letters, numbers, punctuation and special characters of a given message. When messages are sent by sound, radio signals or light flashes, dots are short beeps or clicks or flashes, and dashes are longer ones. For example, Wikipedia written in Morse code is .-- .. -.- .. .--. . -.. .. .-

Morse code is named after Samuel Morse, who helped invent it. It is not used as much today as it was in the 19th and 20th centuries. Teletypewriters were invented in the early 20th century with their own codes and gradually replaced Morse code. Other types of technology that are easier to use for communication became even more common.
Some amateur radio operators still use Morse code to communicate and were previously required to learn and pass telegraphy exams to qualify their licenses. The requirements were lifted after 2003. 

There are different types of Morse code for some different countries.  

There are three different symbols in Morse code; there's a short one, usually called 'dit', a long one, called 'dah', and the pause. A dah is three times as long as a dit, and the pause has the same length as the dit.

Today, Morse codes can be easily generated through smartphone applications or through a web application, which take text as input and outputs the Morse code in copyable text or downloadable audio form. Its usage as a method of sending secret messages has become obsolete in favor of more powerful encryption techniques provided by advanced modern computer machines.

Different ways to send Morse code 
Morse code can be sent in different ways. On ships, flickering lights were often used instead of radio communication.
The history of the S.O.S 
The S.O.S as it is used today, was introduced by the Imperial German Marine in 1904. It was mandatory for all German ships starting in 1905. It was meant as a distress signal, and should be repeated until all other stations stopped sending. Afterwards the real message would be sent. Also, there is no pause between the characters.  

At the time, the market was controlled by two companies; one was Telefunken, and the other was Marconi. Marconi was under British control, Telefunken was German. Marconi used CQD as a distress signal.
The people doing the communication were employees of either Marconi or Telefunken; they were not employed by the ships' owners. These operators were not allowed to answer calls sent by the competing company, which also included distress signals. As this was against the laws of the sea, a conference in Berlin decided to use the German distress signal internationally. This started in 1908. When the ship Republic sent a distress signal in 1909, it was still CQD, and the Titanic also sent CQD at first, in 1912.  

The first ship to use the new signal was the RMS Slavonia, in 1909.

Replacing the S.O.S signal 
The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a satellite-based system that was introduced in 1999 to handle distress situations. It defines four different regions, three of which are covered by satellite. The fourth, which covers the polar regions, is covered by shortwave radio. With the introduction of GMDSS, the S.O.S signal is no longer used.

References

Signalling
Encodings
Telegraphy
Chives are herbs which are related to the onion. Its leaves are used for flavoring.

Gallery

Other websites 

 Nutritional Information 
 Mrs. Grieve's "A Modern Herbal" @ Botanical.com
 Chives, history, clutivation, container growing and a recipe 

Allium
Herbs
The Premier of New South Wales is the leader of the New South Wales government. He or she is the most powerful politician in the Australian state of New South Wales.

The current Premier is Chris Minns from the Labor.

List of Premiers of New South Wales

* Askin's given name was Robin but he changed it legally to Robert in 1971, prior to being knighted in 1972. Before then, he was generally known as Bob.
is a motocross racing video game made by Nintendo. It first appeared as a game for the Famicom in Japan in 1984 for a price of 5000 yen. It is the first game in the Excite series. The second game in the series is Excitebike 64 and the third is Excite Truck.

In 2011, a re-release of Excitebike called 3D Classics: Excitebike was released for the Nintendo 3DS. It is a 3D version of the original game.

Other websites
Excitebike at StrategyWiki

1984 video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Virtual Console games
Famicom Disk System games
Morris Iemma (born 21 July 1961) was the 40th Premier of New South Wales from 3 August 2005 to 5 September 2008. He was from the Labor Party.

References

1961 births
Living people
Iemma, Morris
Politicians from Sydney
Australian Labor Party politicians
Lukáčovce is a village and in the Nitra District in western central Slovakia.

Other websites 

Villages in Slovakia
The houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata), also known as the African houbara, is a large bird in the bustard family. It breeds in the Canary Islands, North Africa, Iran and western Pakistan. 

Birds of Pakistan
Bustards
Birds of Africa
The Sindh Ibex or Turkman Wild Goat (Capra aegagrus blythi) is a vulnerable wild goat native to Iran, Iraq, Turkmenistan Pakistan within Pakistan it is the Provincial animal of Sindh.

Mammals of Pakistan
Caprids
Juniperus squamata (flaky juniper or Himalayan juniper) is a species of juniper native to the Himalaya and China, from northeastern Afghanistan and Pakistan east to Yunnan in southwestern China, and with disjunct populations north to western Gansu and east to Fujian. 

It grows at 1,600-4,900 m altitude.  It is the provincial tree of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (unofficial).

Plants of Asia
Cupressaceae
The rose-ringed parakeet (Psittacula krameri) also known as the ring-necked parakeet, is a tropical species of bird, with a wide range in Africa and  south Asia (the Indian subcontinent).

The rose-ringed parakeet is sexually dimorphic. The adult male has a red or black neck ring and the hen and immature birds of both sexes show little or no neck rings. Both sexes have a distinctive green colour. 

Rose-ringed parakeets measure on average  in length, including the tail feathers, a large portion of their total length. Their average single-wing length is about . In the wild, this is a noisy species with an unmistakable squawk. Captive birds can be taught to speak. It is herbivorous and not migratory.

Birds of Asia
Parakeets
Birds of Africa
Saludos Amigos is a 1942 movie that takes place in Latin America, produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. The sixth animated feature in the Disney animated features canon, it is made up of four different segments; Donald Duck stars in two of them and Goofy stars in one. It also features the first appearance of José Carioca. Saludos Amigos was popular enough for a sequel, The Three Caballeros, to be produced two years later. The movie premiered in Rio de Janeiro on August 24, 1942. It was released in the United States on February 6, 1943. It got mixed reviews and was only rereleased once, in 1949, when it was shown on a double bill with the first rerelease of Dumbo.

Its title in Spanish means, "Hello, Friends". This was the first Disney animated feature to be shown in South America before it was shown in the USA. At 42 minutes, this is the shortest Disney feature to date.
Segments 
The movie features four different parts, or segments. Each of them begin with different clips of the Disney artists roaming the country drawing cartoons of some of the local cultures and scenery:

 In Lake Titicaca, American tourist Donald Duck visits the Lake Titicaca and meets with some of the local yokels, including a llama.

 Pedro involves the title character, a small airplane from Chile, in his very first flight to pick up air mail from Mendoza, with almost disastrous results.

 In El Gaucho Goofy, American cowboy Goofy gets taken mysteriously to the Uruguayan pampas to learn the ways of the native gaucho. This segment was later edited for the movie's video release, to get rid of one scene of Goofy smoking a cigarette.

 Aquarela do Brasil (or "Watercolor of Brazil"), the finale of the movie, involves a brand-new character, José Carioca, showing Donald Duck around South America and introducing him to the samba (to the tunes of "Brazil" and "Tico-Tico no Fubá").
Cast 
 Lee Blair - Himself
 Mary Blair - Herself
 Pinto Colvig - Goofy
 Walt Disney - Himself
 Norman Ferguson - Himself
 Frank Graham - Himself
 Clarence Nash - Donald Duck
 José Oliveira - José Carioca
 Fred Shields - Narrator
 Frank Thomas - Himself

Worldwide release dates

Titles in other languages 
 
 
 
 
  (also known as )
 
 Japanese: ラテン・アメリカの旅 (Raten Amerika no Tabi, Journey to the Latin America)
 
 
 
  (also known as )

References

Other websites 
 
 

1942 movies
Disney animated movies
American family movies
American musical movies
Movies composed by Oliver Wallace
Multilingual movies
Ghar Kab Ao Gey is a Pakistani Urdu language movie directed by Iqbal Kashmiri. It was released in theaters across Pakistan in Eid-ul-Fittar on January 9, 2000.

Pakistani movies
2000 movies
Urdu-language movies
Tere Pyar Mein (, In Your Love) is a Pakistani movie which was released in December 2000. It launched the career of Zara Sheikh in Lollywood.

Pakistani movies
2000 movies
Urdu-language movies
Electronic body music (EBM, also known as aggropop) is a music genre that mixes together parts of industrial music and electronic dance music. It first became popular in Belgium.

References 

Industrial music
The Birthday Massacre is a synthpop band, based in Toronto, Canada. The band was officially formed in 1999, known at that time as Imagica, a name taken from a novel by Clive Barker called Imajica. In 2001 they changed their name to The Birthday Massacre. They have released 5 studio albums and they announced in January 2013 that they are working on a 6th album. In 2013 they did a tour with Emilie Autumn. In 2014 The Birthday Massacre will release their sixth album.

Career
In 2002 The Birthday Massacre released their first album, Nothing and Nowhere. In 2005 Violet was released. Walking with Strangers was released in 2007. During the spring and summer of 2009, the band went on tour with bands I Am Ghost and Dommin in North America and Europe.

Members 

 Chibi - Vocals (1999-present)
 Rainbow - Guitar and Programming (1999-present)
 Michael Falcore - Guitar (1999-present)
 Rhim - Drums (2003-Present)
 O-en - Keyboards (2004-present)
 Nate Manor – bass (2010-present)

Former members
Former members 

 Dank - Keyboards (2000-2001)
 Aslan - Bass (2000-2007)
 Adm - Keyboards (2002-2004)
 Brett Carruthers (2004)
 O.E. - Drums (2001-2003), Bass (2007-2010)

Discography

Demos 
 Demo 1 (2000) (as Imagica)
 Demo 2 (2001) (as Imagica)

Albums 

 Nothing and Nowhere (2002)
 Violet (2004)
 Walking with Strangers (2007)
 Looking Glass EP (2008)
 Pins and Needles (2010)
 Hide and Seek (2012)

DVD 
 Blue (2005)
 ""Live Bootleg DVD"" (2006)

References 

1990s music groups
2000s music groups
2010s music groups
Canadian rock bands
New wave bands
Musical groups established in 1999
1999 establishments in Canada
Clive Barker (born 5 October 1952) is an English author, movie director and visual artist. He was born in Liverpool. He is openly gay.

Novels
 (1985) The Damnation Game
 (1986) The Hellbound Heart
 (1987) Weaveworld
 (1988) Cabal
 (1989) The Great and Secret Show (first "Book of the Art")
 (1991) Imajica
 (1992) The Thief of Always
 (1994) Everville (second "Book of the Art")
 (1996) Sacrament
 (1998) Galilee
 (2001) Coldheart Canyon: A Hollywood Ghost Story
 (2001) Tortured Souls (novelette)
 (2002) Abarat (first book of the Abarat Quintet)
 (2004) Abarat: Days of Magic, Nights of War (second book of the Abarat Quintet)
 (2007) Mister B. Gone (2008) Absolute Midnight (third book of the Abarat Quintet)
 (2008) The Scarlet Gospels''

Filmography

Directed
 (1973) Salome
 (1978) The Forbidden
 (1987) Hellraiser
 (1990) Nightbreed
 (1995) Lord of Illusions
 (2009) Tortured Souls: Animae Damnatae
Produced
 (1988) Hellbound: Hellraiser II
 (1992) Hellraiser III: Hell on Earth
 (1992) Candyman
 (2006) The Plague
 (2008) The Midnight Meat Train
 (2008) Born (pre-production)
 (2009) Clive Barker Presents Hellraiser (pre-production)

Written
 (1986) Rawhead Rex
 (1987) Transmutations
 (2008) Book of Blood (post-production)
 (2008) Born (pre-production)

References

Other websites

Actors from Liverpool
English artists
English LGBT writers
English movie actors
English movie directors
English movie producers
English novelists
English screenwriters
English voice actors
LGBT actors
LGBT artists
LGBT directors
Writers from Liverpool
1952 births
Living people
Hellraiser is a 1987 British horror movie exploring the themes of sadomasochism, pain as a source of pleasure, and morality under duress and fear. It is based on the novella The Hellbound Heart by Clive Barker, who also wrote the screenplay and directed the movie.

Hellraiser was number 19 on the cable channel Bravo's list of the 100 Scariest Movie Moments.

This movie had a sequel, Hellbound: Hellraiser II.

References

Other websites

1987 horror movies
British horror movies
Movies based on books
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. It grows to a height of 2-3 feet.

Lamiales
Spices
Medicinal plants
Pedaliaceae (pedalium family or sesame family) is a flowering plant in the Scrophulariales family.

Sesame, Sesamum indicum, is the source of sesame seeds.

Lamiales
Plant families
The Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis)  is a species of monitor lizard. They live in the Indonesian islands of Komodo, Rincah, Flores, Gili Motang, and Gili Dasami. It is the largest living lizard. They grow to an average length of 2–3 meters (about 6.5–10 ft) and weigh around 70 kg (154 pounds). Komodo dragon bites can be very dangerous, and they sometimes attack people.

Western scientists first saw Komodo dragons in 1910. They are very popular animals in zoos because they are very big and look scary. The lizards are in some danger. There are very few Komodo dragons still alive on their home islands. Indonesian law does not allow hunting these lizards. Komodo National Park was made to help protect Komodo dragons.

The Komodo dragon has other names. Some scientists called it the Komodo monitor or the Komodo Island monitor. But, this is not very common. The people who live in Komodo Island call them ora,  buaja durat (land crocodile) or biawak raksasa (giant monitor).

Description
Description 

The Komodo dragon is cold-blooded. Its tail is as long as its body. It has about 60 sharp teeth that can grow up to 2.5 centimeters (1 inch) long. It also has a long, yellow, forked tongue. Its skin can be blue, orange, green, gray, or brown. Its saliva is red because its gums almost completely cover its teeth. When they eat, their teeth cut their gums and make them bleed. This makes a good environment for dangerous bacteria that live in its mouth.

Size 
These lizards are the top predators in the places where they live because they are so big.
 
People used to think they were very big because there are no other large, meat-eating animals on the islands where they live. Therefore, they did not have to compete with other similar animals for the same food and places to live. People also thought they were big because of their low metabolic rate.
However, facts are different. The fossil record shows that the Komodo is the last of a group of lizards called varanids. These lizards have been about the same size for nearly a million years. They came from Australia nearly four million years ago, and spread to much of Indonesia. Their size has nothing to do with being on a relatively small island.

Most of them died out after contact with the modern humans.

Senses 
The Komodo dragon's earholes are easy to see, but Komodo dragons are not very good at hearing. They are able to see as far away as 300 meters (985 feet). But, they probably have poor night vision. The Komodo dragon is able to see in color, but has trouble seeing objects that do not move.
Saliva 
Komodo dragons have dangerous bacteria in their saliva. Scientists have identified 57 of them. One of the most dangerous bacteria in Komodo dragon saliva appears to be a kind of Pasteurella multocida. These bacteria cause disease in their victim's blood. If a bite does not kill an animal and it escapes, it will usually die within a week from infection. The Komodo dragon seems to never get sick from its own bacteria. So, researchers have been looking for the lizard's antibacterial. This may be used as medicine for humans.

In addition to the deadly bacteria, the Komodo dragon has venom glands in its lower jaws. This poison is as strong as the venomous  taipan snake's. The venom is a blood thinner. It can cause death by heart failure and massive internal bleeding in as little as 30 minutes.
Reproduction
Mating begins between May and August, and the eggs are laid in September. Dragons leave about twenty eggs in empty nests made by birds called megapodes. The eggs develop for seven to eight months. The eggs open and the baby lizards come out in April, when there are many insects to eat. Young Komodo dragons live in trees, where they are safe from adult Komodo dragons and other animals that might eat them. They grow to become adults in around three to five years. They can live as long as fifty years. Female Komodo dragons can have babies without fertilisation (parthenogenesis).

Habitat
Habitat

The Komodo dragon likes hot and dry places and lives in dry open grassland, savanna, and tropical forest on lower land. It is most active in the day because it is cold-blooded, but it is sometimes active at night. Komodo dragons live alone. They come together only to breed and eat. They can run up to 20 kilometers per hour (12.4 mph), dive up to 4.5 metres (15 ft) at top speed for short periods of time. When they are young, they climb trees with their strong claws. As the Komodo dragon grows bigger, its claws are used mostly as weapons, because it is too big to climb trees well.

The Komodo dragon digs holes for protection with its powerful legs and claws. These holes can be from 1–3 metres (3–10 ft) wide. Because it is very big and sleeps in holes, it is able to keep itself warm through the night. The Komodo dragon usually hunts in the afternoon, but stays in the shade during the hottest part of the day. Komodo dragons have special resting places on ridges that catch cool sea breezes.

Food
Food

Komodo dragons are carnivores, which means that they eat meat. Although they eat mostly dead animals they will also catch live animals as prey. When prey goes by a Komodo dragon, it will suddenly charge at the animal and bite or claw the belly or the throat. To catch animals that are up high and out of reach, the Komodo dragon may stand on its back legs and use its tail as a support.
Komodo dragons do not chew their food. They eat by biting and pulling off large chunks of flesh and swallowing them whole. They can swallow smaller prey, up to the size of a goat, whole. This is because they have flexible jaws and skulls, and their stomachs can expand. Komodo dragons make much saliva to help the food move easily, but swallowing still takes a long time (15–20 minutes to swallow a goat). Komodo dragons may try to swallow faster by running and pushing the dead animal in its mouth very hard against a tree. Sometimes a lizard hits the tree so hard that it gets knocked out. Dragons breathe using a small tube under the tongue that connects to the lungs. This allows it to continue breathing even while swallowing large things.  Komodo dragons can eat up to 80 percent of its body weight in one meal. After swallowing its food, it drags itself to a sunny place to speed up digestion so the food does not rot and poison the dragon. Large dragons can survive on as little as 12 meals a year
. After digestion, the Komodo dragon vomits the horns, hair, and teeth of the animal it ate. This vomit is covered in a smelly mucus. After vomiting, it rubs its face in the dirt or on bushes to get rid of the mucus. This suggests that komodo dragons dislike the smell, just like humans do.
The largest animals usually eat first, while the smaller ones eat later. Dragons of equal size may wrestle each other. Losers usually run away, although sometimes they are chased and eaten by the winners.

The Komodo dragon's diet includes invertebrates, other reptiles (including smaller Komodo dragons), birds, bird eggs, small mammals, monkeys, wild boars, goats, deer, horses, and water buffalo. Young Komodo dragons will eat insects, eggs, geckoes, and small mammals. Komodo dragons may eat people and, they can even dig up bodies from their graves to eat them. Therefore, people on Komodo Island moved their graves from sandy to clay ground and piled rocks on top to stop the lizards from digging up dead bodies.

Because the Komodo dragon does not have a diaphragm, it cannot suck water when drinking. It cannot lap water with its tongue either. Instead, it drinks by taking a mouthful of water, lifting its head, and letting the water run down its throat.
Evolutionary history
Recent fossils from Queensland suggest that the Komodo dragon evolved in Australia before spreading to Indonesia. Its body size stayed the same on Flores since the islands were isolated by rising sea levels about 900,000 years ago.  The sea level dropped very low during the last ice age and uncovered wide areas of continental shelf. The Komodo dragon spread into these areas. They became isolated on the islands where they live today when sea levels rose again. They moved into what is now the Indonesian island group. They spread as far east as the island of Timor.

Komodo dragons and people

In zoos

Komodo dragons have been popular in zoos for a long time. However, there are few of them in zoos because they may become sick and do not have babies easily. As of May 2009, there are 13 European, 2 African, 35 North American, 1 Singaporean, and 2 Australian institutions that keep Komodo dragons.
A Komodo dragon was shown in a zoo for the first time in 1934 at the Smithsonian National Zoological Park. But, it lived for only two years. People continued to try to keep Komodo dragons in zoos, but the lives of these creatures was very short. The average life of a dragon in a zoo was five years in the National Zoological Park. Walter Auffenberg studied the dragons in zoos and eventually helped zoos to keep dragons more successfully.

Many dragons in zoos may become tamer than wild lizards after a short period of time in a zoo. Many zoo keepers have brought the animals out of their cages to meet visitors without any problems. Dragons can also recognize individual humans. However, even dragons that seem tame may surprise people and become aggressive. This can often happen when a stranger enters the animal's home.
Research with captive Komodo dragons shows that they play. One dragon would push a shovel and seemed attracted to the sound of it moving across rocks. A young female dragon at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. grabbed and shook things like statues, drink cans, plastic rings, and blankets. She would also put her head in boxes, shoes, and other objects. She did not make a mistake and think these objects were food. She would only swallow them if they were covered in rat blood.

Danger to humans
Komodo dragons do not attack humans very often. However, they do sometimes hurt or kill people.

In June 2001, a Komodo dragon seriously hurt Phil Bronstein—executive editor of the San Francisco Chronicle. Bronstein had entered the dragon's cage at the Los Angeles Zoo after being invited in by its keeper. The zoo keeper had told him to take off his white shoes, which could have excited the Komodo dragon. Bronstein was bitten on his bare foot. Although he escaped, he needed surgery to repair his foot.
On June 4, 2007, a Komodo dragon attacked an eight-year-old boy on Komodo Island. The boy later died because he lost too much blood. This was the first time that people know a dragon had killed a human in 33 years. Local people blamed the attack on environmentalists. People from outside the island had stopped local people from killing goats and leaving them for the dragons. The Komodo dragons no longer found the food they needed, so they came into places where humans lived looking for food. Many natives of Komodo Island believe that Komodo dragons are actually the reincarnation of relatives, so they should be treated lizards.

On March 24, 2009, two Komodo dragons attacked and killed fisherman Muhamad Anwar on Komodo Island. They attacked Anwar after he fell out of a sugar-apple tree. He was bleeding badly from bites on his hands, body, legs, and neck. He was taken to a clinic on the nearby island of Flores, but doctors said he was dead when he arrived.

Protecting Komodo dragons
There are very few Komodo dragons. They may not survive. The lizards are on the IUCN Red List of animals in danger. Not many Komodo dragons still live on their home islands.
Komodo (1,701)
Rincah (1,300)
Gili Motang (100)
Gili Dasami (100)
Flores (ca. 2,000)
Padar (None–Extinct)

However, there may now be only 352 females having babies in the wild. The Komodo National Park was founded in 1980 to protect the Komodo dragon on its home islands.

Many things have reduced the number of dragons, including: volcanoes, earthquakes, loss of good places to live, fire, not enough animals to eat, tourism, and illegal hunting.

Buying or selling Komodo dragons or their skins is illegal as part of an international law called CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species).

Related pages 
 Dragon
 Megalania prisca - A huge, extinct monitor lizard
 Monitor lizard

References

Other books about the Komodo dragon 

  
  
    
  

Monitor lizards
Reptiles of Asia
National symbols of Indonesia
Organized crime is an act committed by a group or groups of people, usually mobsters and other criminals, who work to make money or achieve certain motive illegally.

Related pages
 Corruption
 Illegal drug trade
 Money laundering
The Singles 1992-2003 is a greatest hits album by the American alternative rock band No Doubt. It was released on November 25, 2003 (the same day as Boom Box, a box set album by No Doubt.) The album contained all of the singles the band had released at the time, except for "Squeal" and "Doghouse" (two singles from their album The Beacon Street Collection that never became popular.) However, it also included two songs that were not singles: "Trapped in a Box" from their first album No Doubt, and a cover version of the song "It's My Life" by Talk Talk.

List of songs
"Just a Girl"
"It's My Life"
"Hey Baby"
"Bathwater"
"Sunday Morning"
"Hella Good"
"New"
"Underneath It All"
"Excuse Me Mr."
"Running"
"Spiderwebs"
"Simple Kind of Life"
"Don't Speak"
"Ex-Girlfriend"
"Trapped in a Box"

2003 albums
No Doubt albums
Greatest hits albums
Nathan Karl Kress also Nate Kress (born November 18, 1992) is an American teen actor and voice actor.

Biography

Early life
Nathan Kress was born in Glendale, California and resides in Southern California. He acts on the hit Nickelodeon show iCarly as Freddie Benson.

Career
When Kress was young, he would quote lines and monologues from television and perform for his family and friends. He began modeling, acting and voiceover work at 3 years old. At age 6, he took a break from acting, and at about age 10, asked his mom to begin homeschooling him so that he could pursue acting again. He voiced the role of Eizan Kaburagi from Nickelodeon's animated series, Shuriken School. He has also guest starred in The Suite Life of Zack and Cody as Jamie.  Kress has enjoyed playing dramatic roles in House, Standoff, and Without a Trace.
In early 2007, Nathan performed in a short film, Bag, for which he won a Jury Honorable Mention Award at the 168 Hour Film Festival for the role of Albert. Bag also won the Festival award for Best Comedy.

iCarly
On iCarly, Nathan's role is that of Freddie Benson, the technical producer for Carly's webshow, iCarly. Freddie is a computer whiz kid who has a crush on Carly (Miranda Cosgrove) and an ongoing feud with Sam (Jennette McCurdy). "It's weird," says Kress, "I have to pretend to love Carly and kiss Sam when actually we are just all really good friends." He co-stars with Miranda Cosgrove, Jennette McCurdy, and Jerry Trainor on iCarly.

Television and film roles

References

Other websites
 
 Nathan Kress Profile 
   Fansite

1992 births
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Living people
Actors from Glendale, California
A monster truck is a vehicle usually styled after a pickup truck. It is changed or purposely built with very big wheels and suspension. Monster trucks are used for competition and popular entertainment.

Usually, a monster truck show involves the truck crushing smaller cars under its huge tires.

Trucks
The Harlem Globetrotters are an exhibition basketball team that combines athleticism and comedy. They are a "barnstorming" team, which means they travel around the world playing basketball in many different places.  Sometimes they play college or pro teams, but usually they play a team called the Washington Generals.

They were founded in 1925 in Chicago.  Almost all their players are African-American, which was unusual at the time of their founding (at that time, most professional basketball players were white).  In the 1930s and 1940s, they were one of the best basketball teams in the country, along with the New York Rens, another African-American basketball team.  By the 1950s, a lot of black players started playing in the NBA, and the Globetrobbers became a clown team.  

The best-known Globetrotter is Meadowlark Lemon.  Wilt Chamberlain played for the Globetrotters for a while.  They were placed in the Basketball Hall of Fame as a team in 2001.
Basketball teams in the United States
American entertainers
African-American people
Burt Ward (born Bert John Gervis, Jr., on July 6, 1945) is an American television actor. He is best known for his work as Robin, the "Boy Wonder," in the 1960s television series Batman. In 1992 he wrote a book called “Burt Ward: My life in tights.”

References 

1945 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American activists
Actors from Los Angeles
Cast 
 Adam West - Batman/Bruce Wayne - A caped crusader whose parents were murdered when he was a child.
 Burt Ward - Robin/Dick Grayson - Batman's faithful partner and "boy wonder".
 Alan Napier - Alfred - Batman's loyal butler.
 Neil Hamilton - Commissioner James Worthington Gordon - Gotham City Commissioner of Police.
 Stafford Repp - Chief Miles O'Hara - Gotham City Chief of Police.
 Madge Blake - Aunt Harriet Cooper - Dick Grayson's maternal aunt.
 Yvonne Craig - Batgirl/Barbara Gordon - Commissioner Gordon's daughter and Batman's partner (Season 3).
 Byron Keith - Mayor John Linseed - Mayor of Gotham City (recurring).
 William Dozier - "Desmond Doomsday," the Narrator
The Big Four Supervillains:
  Cesar Romero --- aka Jack "The Joker" Napier
  Burgess Meredith- aka Oswald "The Penguin" Cobblepot
  Frank Gorshin   - aka Edward "The Riddler" Nygma  {also played by John Austin in one episode}
  Julie Newmar   -  aka Shelia "The Catwoman" Caryle {also played by Eartha Kitt and Lee Meriweather}

Pictures
Pictures

Other websites 
 Batmania UK :: 1966 Batman
 
 
 Museum of Broadcast Communications 
 The 1966 Batman TV Tribute Site
 The BatCave Fan Site
 The Bat Pages Note: this website contains the original screentests of Adam West, Burt Ward, and Lyle Waggoner.
 Batman: The Series @ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond
 Batman: The Movie @ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond 
 BATMAN ON FILM
 Television Obscurities - Batgirl Promotional Short

Action television series
Comedy television series
1966 television series debuts
1968 television series endings
Batman
Superhero television shows
English-language television programs
A graduate school (or grad school) is a school that gives advanced academic degrees, such as Master's degrees (M.S. or M.B.A.) and Doctoral degrees (Ph.D. or L.L.D. or D.D.S. etc.). A graduate student (or grad student) is a student who has earned a Bachelor's degree and is pursuing additional education in a specific field, though this is not always the case. In British English, the term "postgraduate student" is more common. 

A graduate school is not always a separate school.

The term "graduate school" could be confusing because the verb "graduate" is also used to mean completing high school education or earning a Bachelor's degree. The verb is used for all those types of schools, but the meaning of the adjective "graduate" is changed to mean "postgraduate" in the term "graduate school". The small change in meaning can be viewed with an air of sophistication, where experienced students are often more aware of the issue, while novice students might not be aware, as being more naive.
Related pages 
 Business school
 Law school
 Medical school

Colleges and universities
The SAT Reasoning Test (used to be called Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment Test) is a test for college admissions in the United States. The SAT is owned, published, and created by the College Board, a non-profit organization in the United States, and was once owned by the Educational Testing Service (ETS). ETS now makes the exam. The SAT is usually taken by high school juniors and seniors.

As of March 5, 2016, the College Board has begun using a new SAT, which has four sections (reading, writing, math without calculator, math with calculator) plus an optional essay. 

The reading section comes first. It is 65 minutes long, and has 52 questions. Unlike on the pre-2016 SAT, there are no vocabulary words or sentences to fill in.

The writing section, which is 35 minutes long and has 44 questions, comes next. It is similar to the old writing section.
The math section is split into two parts: one which lets students use calculators, and one which does not. The no-calculator section comes before the calculator section, and has 20 problems to be finished in 25 minutes. The calculator section has 38 problems to be done in 55 minutes.

Finally, the essay is 50 minutes long, but does not have to be taken by every student. The new essay is based on analyzing a passage, instead of answering a question about life experiences.

Scores on the new SAT range from 400 to 1600, as on the pre-2005 SAT.

Older versions

Before 2005 
On the old SAT made before 2005, the top score was 1600. The two sections were Critical Reading and Mathematics. The scores in each area ranged from 200 to 800, 800 being the best score. The two scores were added together.
From 2005 to 2016 
From 2005 to 2016, the SAT had questions in three areas: Critical Reading, Mathematics, and Writing. Writing included a new essay section. The scores in each area go from 200 to 800, 800 being the best score. The scores in the three areas are added up, for a score between 600 and 2400. The average score is about 1500 in total. Getting near the highest or lowest scores is rare.

The test had ten sections, with the essay always coming first. There is also a section that is not scored. College Board said:

The sections are mostly 25 minutes long, but the later sections start to get shorter, with fewer questions. The whole test lasted 3 hours and 45 minutes.

Related tests 
The PSAT is also fee-based, and is practice for the real SAT.

The NMSQT is the National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test. It's a qualifying test for the National Merit Scholarship Program.
The SAT Subject Tests were one hour long tests in mathematics, science, history, English, and foreign languages. They were all multiple choice and scores ranged from 200 to 800 points. No subject tests will be held after June 2021.

Similar articles
ACT (test), a college entrance exam, competitor to the SAT
 SHSAT, a high school entrance exam in New York

Notes

Other websites
SAT and SAT Subject Tests

Education in the United States
Charles "Lucky" Luciano (born Salvatore Lucania; November 24, 1897 – January 26, 1962) was a Sicilian mobster. Luciano is considered to have been the father of modern organized crime and the mastermind of the postwar expansion of the international heroin trade. He was the first official boss of the modern Genovese crime family. 

Time magazine named Luciano among the top 20 most influential builders and titans of the 20th century.

References 

1897 births
1962 deaths
Drug traffickers
Italian mobsters
People from Sicily
Bosses of the Genovese crime family
 1922–1931 – Giuseppe "Joe the Boss" Masseria (Boss, murdered in 1931 during the Castellammarese War)
 1931–1946 – Salvatore 'Charlie "Lucky" Luciano' Lucania (Boss, jailed in 1936)
 1936–1946 – Frank "Frankie the Prime Minister" Costello (acting boss)
 1946–1957 – Frank "Frankie the Prime Minister" Costello (Boss, retired)
 1957–1969 – Vito "Don Vito" Genovese (Boss, jailed 1959, died in prison in 1969)
 Circa 1959–1972 – Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli (acting boss, turned front boss sometime in the mid-1960s, murdered 1972)
 Circa 1965–1972 – Gerardo "Jerry" Catena (jailed 1970-72, retired 1973, died 2000 at age 98)
 Circa 1965–1981 – Philip "Benny Squint" Lombardo (retired)
 1972–1981 – Frank "Funzi" Tieri (acting boss, turned front boss sometime in the early 1970s by the family)
 1981–1987 – Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno (front boss for Vincent Gigante, jailed 1987, died in prison)
1981–2005 – Vincent "Chin" Gigante (Boss, jailed 1997, died in prison of heart failure on December 19, 2005)
 1990–1996 – Liborio "Barney" Bellomo (street boss, jailed)
 1996–1998 – Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (street boss, steps down)
 1997–2003 – Matthew "Matty the Horse" Ianniello (acting boss, jailed)
 2003–2005 – Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (acting boss, jailed)
 2005–2006 – Mario Gigante (acting boss, possible in retirement after the death of his brother in 2005)
 2006–2007 – Daniel "Danny the Lion" Leo (acting boss) (indicted May 31, 2007, remanded without bail before being sentenced to 5 years in prison in early 2008), Venero "Benny Eggs" Mangano (underboss) (released from prison December, 2006 after serving 15 years), Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (consigliere) (Sentenced to 46 months on March 3, 2006), Lawrence "Little Larry" Dentico (acting consigliere) (promoted prior to coping a plea and being sentenced to  years in early 2006)
2007–present – Paul "Paulie Stripes" DiMarco (alleged acting boss, next in line coming from the midwest?), Venero "Benny Eggs" Mangano (underboss), Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (consigliere?)
1931 establishments in the United States
1930s establishments in New York (state)
The ACT is an achievement test for college admissions in the United States made by ACT, Inc.  It was first given in Fall 1959 by Everett Franklin Lindquist as a competitor to the College Board's Scholastic Aptitude Test, now the SAT Reasoning Test.  Some students who perform poorly on the SAT find that they perform better on the ACT and vice versa.  The ACT test is made of 4 tests: English, Math, Reading, and Science reasoning.  In February 2005, an optional writing test was added to the ACT, like changes to the SAT that took place later in March of the same year.  All four-year colleges and universities in the U.S. accept the ACT.

Related pages
 Global Assessment Certificate
 SAT, the main competitor to ACT's examination

References

Other websites
 ACT, Inc.
 Website for test takers
 ACT Club 
 ACT Education Solutions 
 ACT International Services 

Education in the United States
The Pakistan Declaration (titled Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?) was a pamphlet published in January 1933 by Choudhary Rahmat Ali in which the word Pakistan was used for the first time.

The pamphlet was written when Pakistan was part of British India. The pamphlet asked that "the five Northern units of India"  - Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Afghan Province), Kashmir, Sindh and Baluchistan (or Pakstan) become an independent state and not part of India.

After the pamphlet was published the name of Pakistan became very popular and led to the Pakistan Movement. Fourteen years after the pamphlet was published, in 1947, Pakistan became an independent state.

References

Pakistan Movement
Pamphlets
National symbols of Pakistan
1930s works
A pamphlet is a small book without a hard cover or binding. It can be made up of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths (called a leaflet).

It can also be made up of a few pages that are folded in half and stapled at the crease to make a simple book. In order to count as a pamphlet, UNESCO requires the pamphlet to have 'at least 5 but not more than 48 pages' not including the cover page; a longer item is a book.

Pamphlets can contain anything, such as user instructions information for kitchen appliances, or religious and political ideas. Pamphlets have been important in history, publishing a lot of pamphlets can help spread ideas, for instance during revolutions pamphlets were used to influence people. Pamphlets are also important in advertising as they are cheap to produce and can be distributed easily to customers.

References
Pattaya (, ) is a city  in Thailand. It is on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand, about 165 km southeast of Bangkok.

Tourism
In 2016, 65% of the tourists (coming to the city) where foreigners. Of foreigners there were most Chinese, followed by Russians, and then by Koreans, and then by Indians, and then by Germans.

References

Cities in Thailand
Vernon Chatman (born October 31, 1972) is an Emmy Award winning American television producer, writer, voice actor, comedian and musician. He is best known as the voice of "Towelie" on the cartoon series South Park.

American screenwriters
American voice actors
Comedians from New York City
American musicians
Emmy Award winners
Actors from New York City
American television actors
Writers from New York City
1972 births
Living people
Yasothon is a town in the Isan region of Thailand. It is far from Bangkok about 500 km. In the village people grow rice and houseplants. The weather is very hot in the summer (more than other provinces) and the famous festival is Bang Fai Rocket Festival. This festival is really beautiful, every year the visitor from all over the country come to visit this festival. The festival features large home-made rockets, fireworks displays, parades and beauty contests. Normally people have created the rockets for launched in to the sky; they believe that the god will send the planting season.

From Yasothon city of nearby province are Mukdahan, Nakhonpanom, Rio Et, Sisakat and Ubom Ratchathani.

References

Towns in Thailand
1811 establishments
Establishments in Thailand
1810s establishments in Asia
Thai food is a type of food that was first made in Thailand. Thai food is often spicy, but does not have to be. Thai food is shared with every person at the table. The meal is not thrown away. The Thai believe that throwing food away would anger the "god of rice". Thai food is eaten with a fork and a large spoon.

Dishes 
Thai green curry
Pad Thai
Thai chicken and sweet potato soup

References
Lopburi is a province in the center of Thailand. It is good farming land. Lopburi has a long history. It was first called La-vo. Lopburi was settled during the Bronze Age. The Khmer expanded their power in the area during the 10th century and ruled from the town of La-vo.

The administration of Lopburi is divided into 11 districts and 124 sub-districts. The tourist attractions are Narainivech Palace, Narai National Museum, Pralarn shrine (famous for the monkeys that come out of the jungle), Pasakchonlasit dam, Mahatad temple, Lopburi's zoo, Indian pagoda's shrine, Lai temple, Vichayenn's house -it's the place where the royal government welcome the foreign envoys, and Vangkanleung's waterfall.
 thumb | right | Map of Lopburi

References

Provinces of Thailand
Volkswagen Golf is a car produced by Volkswagen since 1974. It entered its 8th generation in 2019.

Different versions

1970s automobiles
1980s automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Capparis decidua is commonly known as karir, kair, kirir, karril, Teent etc. It is either a small tree with many branches or a shrub of the Thar desert and other hot and dry regions in southern Asia. It has a lot of thin, leafless branches, the small  leaves being found only on young shoots. It rarely grows above a height of 5 meters (15 feet).
These unripe fruits were used as a major dietary food item by the majority of people due to its exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties. 
The berries can be eaten and mixed with sangri (beans from the tree Prosopis cineraria) form a vegetable dish called "Kair sangri" in Rajasthan, India, which is a delicacy to many.khair is also used for preparing pickle and can be stored for long time .
They are highly tolerant to salinity of soil (8 mmhos) .
These plants grow in extremely scarce condition of water ( xerophytes )   like ber .

Capparaceae
Plants of Pakistan
A pilgrimage is a journey or travel, that is often done for a religious purpose

The Pilgrims is the name for the early settlers of the Plymouth Colony, which is now Plymouth, Massachusetts. In 1620 they traveled to New England on a ship called the Mayflower. There were 102 passengers on the ship. They were English Puritans who had left England years earlier to live in Leiden because of religious differences with the Church of England. Unlike other Puritans who wanted to reform the Church of England, they wanted to separate from it, so they were called Separatists. The original settlers of Plymouth Colony are known as the Pilgrim Fathers, or simply as the Pilgrims.

The Mayflower was a cargo ship and was not meant for passengers.  It was uncomfortable and small.  Many Pilgrims got sick on the journey or soon after they arrived.  One child was born on the Mayflower.
When they arrived in America, they built homes and farms.  They received help from the Wampanoag people.  The Wampanoag people taught the Pilgrims how to plant corn, hunt, and fish in the new land. They had a big feast for 3 days, which was the first thanksgiving.

Foods commonly eaten by the Pilgrims included bread, grains, corn, venison, turkey, mussels, lobster, eel, and clams.

References

People from Massachusetts
G major (or the key of G) is a major scale based on G, with the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E,F, and G. Its key signature has one sharp, F.

Its relative minor is E minor, and its parallel minor is G minor.

Musical keys
Major scales
Classic female blues music was played from 1920 to 1929. The most popular of female blues singers were Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, Mamie Smith, Ethel Waters and Rosa Henderson. 

Blues music
The Delta blues is one of the earliest types of blues music. It started in the Mississippi Delta (a place in the US that goes from Memphis to Mississippi). Guitar and harmonica are usually used to play it.

Beginning 
Delta blues music was first played in the 1920s. Tommy Johnson and Ishman Bracey were recorded by Victor in 1928. Robert Wilkins was first recorded by Victor in Memphis in 1928, and  Big Joe Williams and Garfield Akers were also recorded in Memphis in 1929 by Brunswick/Vocalion.

List of artists

Ishman Bracey
Willie Brown
R. L. Burnside
Sam Chatmon
Bob Cobb
James Cotton
Arthur Crudup 
CeDell Davis
David Honeyboy Edwards
Earl Hooker
John Lee Hooker
Son House
Mississippi John Hurt
Skip James
Robert Johnson
Tommy Johnson
Blind Willie Johnson
Junior Kimbrough