Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Karen Sylvia Doggenweiler Lapuente (born August 27, 1969 in Puerto Varas) is a popular Chilean journalist and TV presenter.

She is married to the Chilean politician Marco Enríquez-Ominami.

Television 
TVN

 24 Horas (1991–1995)
 NBA JAM deportivo (1997)
 Pase lo que Pase (1998–2001)
 Super Salvaje (animales) (2002)
 La Gran Sorpresa (2002)
 Tocando las Estrellas (2003)
 Buenos días a todos (2002–2004, 2011-present)
 Chile Elige (2006)
 El Baile en TVN (2006–2008)
 Viña Tiene Festival (2008)
 La Familia del Último Pasajero (2008)
 Estrellas en el hielo: El baile (2008)
 Calle 7 (2009)
 Todos a Coro (2009)
 Pelotón III (2009)
 Abre los Ojos (2009-2010)
 Fuerza Chile (2010)
 Circo de Estrellas (2010)
 Circo, Detrás de la Magia (2010)
 Halcón y Camaleón (2010)
 Pelotón V (2010)
 Animal Nocturno (2010-2011)
 Mamá a los 15 (2011-2012)
 Factor X (2011-2012)
 Dime por qué? (2011)
 La dieta del Lagarto (2011)

Sources
Sources 

1969 births
Living people
People from Puerto Varas
Chilean journalists
Chilean television presenters
Julio César Rodríguez (born on 1969 in Hualpén) is a Chilean journalist and television presenter.

Television 
TVN
 Rojo VIP (2005)
 La Tele o Yo (2005)

Zona Latina
 Sin Dios ni Late (2008-2011)

Canal 13
 Bienvenidos (2011-2012)
 No Basta con Ser Bella (2012)

Vive Deportes
 Siganme los Buenos (2011-present)

Chilevisión
 SQP (2004, 2013-present)

Sources 

Chilean journalists
Chilean television presenters
Living people
1969 births
People from Bío Bío Region
Dallas is an American television soap opera. The show airs on TNT. It started on June 13, 2012. It is a revival of the 1978-1991 television series of the same name. It continues from where the original series left off. The cast includes Patrick Duffy, Larry Hagman, Linda Gray, Josh Henderson, and Jesse Metcalfe.

The series was cancelled on October 3, 2014.

Like the original series, Dallas is about the Ewings, a family from Texas involved in oil and cattle ranching. The new series focuses on the next generation of the Ewings. The next generation of the Ewings are the children who were born during the original series. As grown-ups, the children have become a lot like their parents. Three characters from the original series, Bobby, J.R., and Sue Ellen, return as main characters.

Other websites

2012 American television series debuts
American soap operas
Television series set in Texas
English-language television programs
Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. () is a Mexican multimedia mass media company and the largest in Hispanic America and the Spanish-speaking world. and in the Spanish-speaking world. It is a major international entertainment business, with much of its programming airing in the United States on Univision, with which it has an exclusive contract.

Channels 
 Las Estrellas
 Foro TV
 El Canal 5*
 Nueve (Mexican TV network)

Other channels 
 Tiin
 Golden
 Golden Edge
 Golden Premier
 Ritmoson Latino
 Telehit
 TLNovelas

Noticieros Televisa 
 Noticieros Televisa is the news division of Grupo Televisa, which produces national and local news for Televisa's TV channels and local stations across Mexico.
It is headed by Leopoldo Gómez, the Vice President of News for Televisa.

Other websites 
 Televisa.com

References

Mass media
Entertainment companies

Companies of Mexico
The Inclosure Act 1773 (13 Geo 3. c. 81) (also known as the Enclosure Act 1773) is an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain. The Act is still in force in the United Kingdom. It created a law that allowed landowners to enclose land and remove the right of commoners to use the land. This act was a big part of the agrarian revolution.

Sources

1773
1770s in Great Britain
Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain
Eric Koston (born April 29, 1975)  is an American professional skateboarder. He was born in Bangkok, Thailand. Now he is living in California in the United States. 

Eric grew up in San Bernardino in California. He started to skateboard in 1986 at the age of 11 years old when his brother gave him his old skateboard. He picked up skateboarding quickly and later went to a skate camp where he met Eddie Elguera, who realized his potential as a professional skateboarder. He was in grade 10 when he dropped out of school to become a full time skateboarder.
In 1992, Koston moved to Los Angeles where Natas Kaupas got him into the 101 team. In 101, he established himself as a leading switch stance skateboarder. He did many switch tricks like the nollie flip nose slide and the switch kick flip backside tail slide. He also took a switch 360 flip down the Embarcadero 7. He was finally sponsored and became a pro-skater in 1993 when he joined the H-Street Team and moved into the team house. Later, in 1993, he created the Fourstar clothing company. He also invented many skateboard tricks. Even though he didn't invent it himself, Koston's main signature trick is the "K Grind" (for Koston) after mastering it and showing it on a video. The "K Grind" is only a crooked grind. His stance is goofy, but he is known for his ability to skate switch. He possesses the technical skill and commitment to create the practice of new tricks, either on the streets, or in competition. He is known for commercializing the competitive, HORSE-derivative game of S.K.A.T.E
.K.A.T.E. Eric Koston appears in the Electronic Arts (EA games) video games Skate 2 and Skate 3. He also is in the Laikai video named Fully Flared where he does a perfect fakie 360 flip down the four stairs. Eric Koston is still skateboarding. He can be seen at the Battle of the Berrics which are games of S.K.A.T.E. in their co-own skate park.
References 
 http://www.nike.com/us/en_us/c/skateboarding/stories/2012/08/nike-skateboarding-team-eric-koston 
 http://skateboard.about.com/od/proskaterbios/p/ProEricKoston.htm 
 http://espn.go.com/action/athlete/_/id/1016/eric-koston
 http://www.oakley.com/sports/skate/athletes/556 
 http://www.kidzworld.com/article/5512-eric-koston-biography

American skateboarders
Sportspeople from California
1975 births
Living people
People from San Bernardino, California
Britain's Next top Model, Cycle 4 is the fourth season of Britain's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 14 contestants. The winner was 18-year old Alex Evans.

Contestants

(ages stated are at time of contest)

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Models 1
 A Revlon Cosmetics Campaign
 A spread & cover in Company Magazine

Episodes
1.
casting episode

2.
Best: Rachael Cairns
Worst: Aaron Hunt & Sophie Roberts
Eliminated: Sophie Roberts

3.
Best: Lisa Fowler
Worst: Alex Evans & Musayeroh Barrie
Eliminated: Musayeroh Barrie

4.
Best: Rachael Cairns
Worst: Louise Heywood & Lauren Donaldson-Stanley
Eliminated: Louise Heywood

5.
Best: Charlotte Denton
Worst: Lisa Fowler & Lauren Donaldson-Stanley
Eliminated: Lauren Donaldson-Stanley

6.
Best: Stefanie Wilson
Worst: Lisa Fowler & Lynzi Arnott
Eliminated: Lynzi Arnott

7.
Best: Leanne Nagle
Worst: Lisa Fowler & Charlotte Denton
Eliminated: Lisa Fowler

8.
Best: Catherine Thomas
Worst: Leanne Nagle & Martha Braddell
Eliminated: Leanne Nagle & Martha Braddell
9.
Best: Stefanie Wilson
Worst: Charlotte Denton & Aaron Hunt
Eliminated: Aaron Hunt

10.
Best: Alex Evans
Worst: Charlotte Denton & Stefanie Wilson
Eliminated: Charlotte Denton

11.
Best: Rachael Cairns
Worst: Alex Evans & Catherine Thomas
Eliminated: None

12.
Best: Alex Evans
Worst: Rachael Cairns & Stefanie Wilson
Eliminated: Rachael Cairns

13.
Final Three: Alex Evans, Catherine Thomas & Stefanie Wilson
Eliminated: Stefanie Wilson

Final Two: Alex Evans & Catherine Thomas
Winner: Alex Evans

Britain's Next Top Model
A leper window was a window built low in the chancel wall of some medieval churches. It was usually iron barred and shuttered. Lepers stood outside and watched Mass through this window.

References 
 Broderick, R. C. The Catholic Concise Encyclopedia. 1952. Simon & Schuster. p. 222. 
 Dictionary: Leper window

Church architecture
Windows (architecture)
The Eurocopter EC120 Colibri is a light helicopter designed and built in France and Germany, with help of China and Singapore. The name of Colibri is the french translation for hummingbird. It is built by Eurocopter in Marignane. Its first flight was in 1995. Some are used by the Chinese, French and Spanish air forces mainly for training.

References 

Aviation in France
German military aircraft
EC120 Colibri
Women's Rights National Historical Park (est.1980) consists of four historical properties in Seneca Falls and Waterloo, New York. These properties are important to women's rights. They are the Wesleyan Chapel (the site of the first Women's Rights Convention); the Elizabeth Cady Stanton House; the M'Clintock House; and the Richard Hunt House. The park consists of 6.83 acres (27,600 m²). It includes a visitor center and an education and cultural center.  

The Votes For Women History Trail (est. 2009) is administered through the Park. It is a motor vehicle route of sites in upstate New York important to women's rights. Sites include the Susan B. Anthony House; the Mount Hope Cemetery; Antoinette Louisa Brown Blackwell Childhood Home; the M'Clintock House; and The Women's Rights National Historic Park itself.

Gallery

Other websites
 Women's Rights National Historic Park

National Historical Parks of the United States
There was a tram system in Biel, Switzerland, from 1877 to 1948. As the idea of having trams was not popular, there was only one route from Bözingen to Nidau.
The tram was originally a horse carriage on rails. There were only a few carriages from other tram systems. Although it was very small there were summer and winter carriages.
After Biel City bought the system in 1901, it became electrical with more carriages and a bigger route. The tram was not very popular and the owner did not earn much money. This was the reason why only very few routes were built.
All the four routes started at the train station in Biel, today known as ‘Zentralplatz’. The tram to Meinisberg went through Mett but because there was a big distance between Biel and Meinisberg, there were only a few stations.
Biel City started to reduced the system in 1930. First, route 1 and 2 became route 1. Then, in 1940, routes 2 and 3 were replaced by buses and finally, route 1 became a bus route, too.

Today
Today 

Biel has a well-organized bus system since 1948. It grew more and more and is quite large, with over 15 different routes today. Some of them use the old tram routes but more were added, especially in the last 20 years. There are also different bus types today. Some are electrical, others run on fuel.

Biel
Transport in Switzerland
Biel/Bienne, Switzerland
Gennevilliers  is a town in France near Paris. It is in the region Île-de-France and the department of Hauts-de-Seine. About 41,000 people live there.

Administration 
Gennevilliers has a town hall, two fire stations, a police station, three post office, and a customs station.

Culture & monuments 
Gennevilliers has an old church from 17th century called Saint Marie Madeleine.
At least Gennevilliers has got a movie theatre, a modern theatre, a music school, and a fine art school.

Sport 
The main sports played in Gennevilliers are : Football, rugby, swimming, dance, archery, and kayak
Transport 
Gennevilliers is famous for his port, the Port de Gennevilliers, one of the most important in France, and the first one on the river Seine. Gennevilliers has 3 stations of the Paris Métro Line 13 : Gabriel Péri, Les Agnettes, and Les Courtilles. Urban train line C come to Gennevilliers. City is also served by 6 tram stations : Parc des Chantereine, Gare de Gennevilliers, Timbaud, Le Village, Le Luth, and Les Courtilles. Two highways converge in Gennevilliers, the A15 and A86.

Twin town 
  England : Wirral.
  Germany : Bergkamen.
  Italy : Imola
  Palestine : al-Bireh
  Poland : Ostrowiec
  Spain : La Bañeza.

Communes in Hauts-de-Seine
The Renault Master is a series of light trucks and minibuses produced by French manufacturer Renault from 1980 to present.

Opel and Vauxhall did make the same vehicle until 2020 but with different names, The names are: Opel Movano and Vauxhall Movano. These names were later reused in 2020 for a rebadged Fiat Ducato.

Other websites

Front wheel drive vehicles
Buses
Vans
Master
Cumberland Gap National Historical Park (est. June 11, 1940) is a United States National Historical Park at the borders Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia.  The park covers . It includes a visitors' center, museum, and gift shop.

The Cumberland Gap is a large natural break in the Appalachian Mountains. Historically, the gap was fertile hunting ground used by Native Americans. About 1775, it became the main route for settlers moving west into Kentucky.  Between 1775 and 1810 as many as 300,000 settlers may have used the gap. Tours are led to the park's Hensley Settlement, an early 20th century Kentucky mountain community, and trips are made to Gap Cave which was once used for shelter by traveling Indians and settlers. Appalachian music festivals and concerts are held in the park.

References

Other websites

 
Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
Cumberland Gap  at American Byways
Guide to records (administrative files) from the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
National Historical Parks of the United States
Appalachian Mountains
Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 2 is the second season of Britain's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 13 contestants. The winner was 18-year old Lianna Fowler from Derby, England.

Contestants
(In alphabetical order)

 Abigail Clancy
 Amber Niemann
 Asha Hibbert
 Georgina Edewor-Thorley
 Jasmia Robinson
 Lianna Fowler
 Lucy Flower
 Nina Malone
 Samantha Gerrard
 Sarah Butler
 Sophia Price
 Tamar Higgs
 Yvette Stubbs

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Models 1
 A campaign in Ford Fiesta
 A cover & spread in Company Magazine

Episodes
1.
Best: Sarah Butler
Worst: Jasmia Robinson & Yvette Stubbs
Eliminated: Yvette Stubbs

2.
Best: Sophia Price
Worst: Nina Malone & Lianna Fowler
Eliminated: Nina Malone

3.
Best: Abbey Clancy
Worst: Asha Hibbert & Amber Niemann
Eliminated: Asha Hibbert

4.
Best: Sarah Butler
Worst: Lucy Flower & Tamar Higgs
Eliminated: Lucy Flower

5.
Best: Lianna Fowler
Worst: Abbey Clancy & Sophia Price
Eliminated: Sophia Price
6.
Best: Tamar Higgs
Worst: Sarah Butler & Samantha Gerrard
Eliminated: Samantha Gerrard

7.
Best: Jasmia Robinson 
Worst/Eliminated: Georgina Edewor-Thorley & Tamar Higgs

8.
Best: Amber Niemann
Worst: Sarah Butler & Lianna Fowler
Eliminated: Sarah Butler

9.
Best: Jasmia Robinson 
Worst: Amber Niemann & Lianna Fowler
Eliminated: Amber Niemann

10.
Best: Lianna Fowler
Worst: Abbey Clancy & Jasmia Robinson 
Eliminated: Jasmia Robinson 

Final Two: Abbey Clancy & Lianna Fowler
Winner: Lianna Fowler

Britain's Next Top Model
Italophilia is the admiration, general appreciation or love of Italy, its culture, society, arts and people. It is often related to the emulation of Italy's ideals and civilization.

Characteristics

The term is used in two basic contexts: in international politics and in cultural context.

"Italophilia", "Italophile", and "Italophilic" are the terms used to denote pro-Italian sentiments, usually in politics and literature.

A huge italophilia started to develop in Europe during the centuries of the Italian Renaissance.

Actually one of the main reasons of Italophilia in the world is that Italy is home to more World Heritage Sites than any other nation in the world. These sites are culturally important and value according to UNESCO. Indeed about 60% of the works of art of the world are in Italy.
Another reason is the worlwide appreciation for Italian culinary and foods. Italy is also a big wine producer. In 2005 it made over 5 million tonnes, and many italian wines are very famous in the world, like the "Chianti".

Indeed in the American countries with a huge Italian emigration in the last centuries, there it is a widespread italophilia: Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay, Venezuela, Canada and the USA have millions of Italian descendants who promote in their society the love and appreciation for Italy.

Actually Giorgio Silvestri (director of the "Assemblea legislativa della Liguria") has calculated that there are nearly 250 million italophiles in the world.

References

Bibliography
 Barzini, Luigi. The Italians. Hamilton. London, 1987
 Sells, Lytton. The Italian influence in English Poetry Allen &Unwin ed. London, 1955

Related pages

 Italy
 Italians

Italy
DeWitt Clinton (March 2, 1769 – February 11, 1828) was an early American politician and statesman. He graduated in law from Columbia University in 1790. From 1790 to 1795 he served as private secretary to his uncle, George Clinton. 

Clinton was born in Little Britain, New York. He was married to Maria Franklin. They had ten children, but only three survived. Clinton then married Catharine Jones from 1819 until his death in 1828. His son, George William Clinton, served as mayor of Buffalo, New York.

He served in the New York State Legislature (1797–1798) and the New York Senate (1798–1802). He served the U.S. Senate (1802–1803). He served 10 terms as Mayor of New York City (1803–1815). During his 10 terms as mayor, he promoted public education, city planning, public sanitation, and relief for the poor.
Clinton also held office as state senator (1806–1811) and lieutenant governor (1811–1813). From 1810 to 1824, he served as New York Canal Commissioner. In 1812, he lost the race for President of the United States to James Madison. He was Governor of New York State (1817–1823, 1825–1828).  He supported a plan to build a canal through upstate New York to connect the east with the Midwest. He became such a strong supporter of the New York plan that his opponents called it "Clinton's Ditch". He is sometimes known as the Father of the Erie Canal. 

Clinton died from heart failure in Albany, New York, aged 58.

References 
 DeWitt Clinton
 New Netherland Institute: DeWitt Clinton

1769 births
1828 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Mayors of New York City
Governors of New York (state)
United States senators from New York (state)
19th-century American politicians
TV Azteca, is a Mexican multimedia conglomerate owned by Grupo Salinas. It is the second-largest mass media company in Mexico after Televisa. As of 2017, it competes in Mexico with Televisa.

It operates two television networks in Mexico: Azteca 7 and Azteca Uno. It also operates repeaters and affiliate stations in most major and minor cities.

History 

In the 1990s, during the presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari, several companies were privatized, including Imevisión (Spanish: Instituto Mexicano de Televisión; English Mexican Television Institute), which owned two channels (Red Nacional 7 and Red Nacional 13), which after its privatization, it would be renamed Televisión Azteca, S.A de C.V (except Canal 22 would pass under the power of Conaculta).

References

Other websites 
 TVAzteca.com

Mass media
Entertainment companies

Companies of Mexico
Dulwich College is a boarding school for boys aged 718 in Dulwich in south London. It is one of the largest fee-paying schools in England. It was started in 1619 by Edward Alleyn. In 2013 88% of students got 100% A*/A in their A Levels. It is a member of the Eton Group.

Amongst the many famous pupils was Joseph Bazalgette, who cleaned the London water supply, and was knighted in 1875.

Other websites
Dulwich College website

1619 establishments
Schools in London
1610s establishments in Europe
17th-century establishments in England
Taurus is a constellation in the northern sky.  "Taurus" means "bull" in Latin. It is a constellation of the zodiac, which means that it crosses the ecliptic. The astronomer named Ptolemy listed Taurus when he made a list of 48 constellations. It is one of the 88 modern constellations that were made by the International Astronomical Union.

The star clusters Pleiades and Hyades are in Taurus. Taurus also contains the Crab Nebula, which is a supernova remnant. The brightest star in Taurus is a red giant star called Aldebaran.

References

Constellations
Constellations listed by Ptolemy
The Pink Panther 2 is a comedy movie released in 2009. It is the sequel to the movie The Pink Panther. In this movie, Inspector Jacques Clouseau (Steve Martin) is assigned to catch a burglar called "The Tornado". The Tornado has stolen the famous Pink Panther Diamond.

This movie also stars Kevin Kline, Beyoncé Knowles, and Jean Reno.

Cast 
 Steve Martin as Inspector Jacques Clouseau
 Jean Reno as Gendarme Gilbert Ponton 
 Alfred Molina as Chief Inspector Randall Pepperidge 
 Emily Mortimer as Nicole Nuveau Durant 
 Aishwarya Rai Bachchan as Sonia Solandres
 Andy García as Inspector Vicenzo Roccara Squarcialupi Brancaleone
 Yuki Matsuzaki as Kenji Mazuto
 Lily Tomlin as Yvette Berenger
 John Cleese as Chief Inspector Charles Dreyfus

References 

American comedy movies
French comedy movies
2008 comedy movies
Movies directed by Harald Zwart
MGM movies
Pink Panther
Movies set in London
Movies set in Paris
Movies set in Rome
The Boston National Historical Park  (est. October 1, 1974) is a group of eight sites in Boston, Massachusetts associated with the American Revolutionary War: the Bunker Hill Monument; Charlestown Navy Yard; Dorchester Heights; Faneuil Hall; Old North Church; Old South Meeting House; Old State House; and the Paul Revere House.

Gallery 

National Historical Parks of the United States
Organolithium compounds contain a direct bond between a carbon atom and a lithium atom. They are an important class of organometallic compound. The bonding between the carbon and lithium is highly polar due to the difference in electronegativity between these atoms, which effectively makes the carbon negatively charged and capable of acting as a strong base or nucleophile. These compounds are similar to Grignard reagents, but are much more reactive. Organolithium reagents such as butyllithium are widely commercially available. Due to their highly reactive nature, they must be handled under a protective atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon as they will catch fire in air.

Organic compounds
Lithium compounds
Organic chemistry
The Braderie (, ) is a festival celebrated every year in Biel, Switzerland at the end of June. In 2013, the festival will start on 28 June and end on 30 June.

Location 
The main part of the festival takes place between the train station Biel and the Nidaugasse. There are over 100 stalls every year, which sell different things. The shops in Biel usually do their sales in this week, because many people are in the streets during the festival. A stage is set up in the front of the Apollo Cinema. Bands and singers present their music on this stage. The Braderie is known for a lot of famous Swiss stars, for example, Stress, DJ Antoine and Pegasus.
History 
The Braderie began in 1936. Since 1930 and the big economic crisis, the people of Biel were searching for a way to improve the economy of Biel. The festival was started by Miggi Tièche and Carlo Schneeberger. The first Braderie was a big success. Originally known simply as a solution for the crisis, the Braderie began to be a part of Biel's calendar. There were three Braderies between 1937 and 1939. During World War II, they had to stop the Braderie. The break ended only in 1947, and then the Braderie started again, and it was known as "Bieler Sommerfest" (Biel Summer Celebration). Because of the long history from the Braderie, it is common today for most of the stores in Biel to make their sales during the Braderie.

Other websites
Official website  
General information 

Festivals in Europe
Biel/Bienne, Switzerland
1936 establishments in Europe
1930s establishments in Switzerland
June events
Alba Quezada (born Alba Pilar Fuenzalida Figueroa on August 28, 1985 in Chillán) is a Chilean model and television presenter.

Filmography

Television

References

Other websites 
 
 Biographie de Alba Quezada 

1985 births
People from Bío Bío Region
Living people
Chilean models
Chilean television presenters
Begonia is a genus of perennial flowering plants. The genus contains about 1,400 different plant species. Begonias are found in moist subtropical and tropical climates. Some species are often grown indoors as houseplants.

Cucurbitales
Ingrid Elena Cruz Toro (born 1 July 1975 in Antofagasta) is a Chilean actress.

Filmography

Cinema

Television

Telenovelas

Sources

Other websites 

1975 births
People from Antofagasta Region
Living people
Chilean movie actors
Chilean television actors
Chilean stage actors
María Lucía Hiriart Rodríguez (10 December 1923 – 16 December 2021), also known as Lucía Hiriart de Pinochet, was the wife of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet. She was First Lady of Chile from 1973 to 1990. She was born in Antofagasta, Chile.

On 30 December 2018, Hiriart was hospitalized after falling at her home in Santiago de Chile. She fractured her arm and multiple ribs.

Hiriart died in Santiago de Chile on 16 December 2021 from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by heart disease, six days after her 98th birthday.

References

Other websites
Analysis of her arrest  

1922 births
First Ladies of Chile
People from Antofagasta Region
2021 deaths
Deaths from cardiopulmonary arrest
Deaths from heart disease
Carolina Verónica Mestrovic Moroni (born 20 July 1991, in Arica) is a Chilean singer, actress and television presenter.

Filmografía

Programas de televisión

Participante

Hostess

Telenovelas

References

Other websites 
 

1991 births
People from Arica
Living people
Chilean singers
Chilean television actors
Chilean television presenters
Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 3 is the third season of Britain's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 12 contestants. The winner was 18-year-old Lauren McAvoy.

Contestants
(ages stated are at time of contest)

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Models 1
 A contarct with Ruby & Millie Cosmetics
 A cover and spread in Company Magazine

Episodes
1.
Best: Lucy Benett
Worst: Abigail Galatia & Dani Lawrence
Eliminated: Dani Lawrence

2.
Best: Rebecca White
Worst: Krystal Hancok & Carly Thompson
Eliminated: Krystal Hancok

3.
Best: Louise Watts
Worst: Stefanie Webber & Abigail  Galatia
Eliminated: Abigail Galatia

4.
Best: Carly Thompson
Worst: Lauren McAvoy & Natalie Nwagbo
Eliminated: Natalie Nwagbo

5.
Best: Stefanie Webber
Worst: Holly Alexander Richie & Carly Thompson 
Eliminated: Holly Alexander Richie

6.
Best: Rebecca White
Worst: Louise Watts & Carly Thompson
Eliminated: Carly Thompson

7.
Best: Louise Watts
Worst: Stefanie Webber & Sherece Champell 
Eliminated: Sherece Champell
8.
Best: Rebecca White
Worst: Lucy Benett & Louise Watts
Eliminated: Lucy Benett

9.
Best: Louise Watts
Worst: Lauren McAvoy & Stefanie Webber
Eliminated: Stefanie Webber

10.
Best: Louise Watts
Worst: Lauren McAvoy & Rebecca White
Eliminated: Rebecca White

Final Two: Lauren McAvoy & Louise Watts
Winner: Lauren McAvoy

Britain's Next Top Model
Britain's & Ireland's Next Topmodel, Cycle 7 is the seventh season of Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model. Tis cycle includes 13 contestants. The winner was 20-year-old Jade Thompson from Stoke on Trent, England.

Contestants
(ages stated are at time of contest)

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Models 1
 A spread & cover in Company Magazine
 A £100,000 contract with Revlon Cosmetics
 An international campaign with Miss Selfridge
 A new Peugeot RCZ

Episodes
1.-4.
casting episodes

5.
Best: Holly Higgins
Worst: Anastasija Bogatirijova, Joanne Northey & Kimberleigh Spreadbury
Eliminated: Joanne Northey & Kimberleigh Spreadbury

6.
Best: Jessica Abbide
Worst: Stacey Haskins & Ufuoma Itoje
Eliminated: Ufuoma Itoje

7.
Best: Jade Thompson
Worst: Hannah Devane & Amy Woodman
Eliminated: Hannah Devane

8.
Best: Anastasija Bogatirijova
Worst: Amy Woodman, Holly Higgins & Jade Thompson
Eliminated: Amy Woodman & Holly Higgins
9.
Best: Jade Thompson
Worst: Tanya Mihalovic, Stacey Haskins & Imogen Leaver
Eliminated: Tanya Mihalovic & Stacey Haskins

10.
recap episode

11.
Best: Justė Juozapaitytė
Worst: Jessica Abbide & Anastasija Bogatirijova
Eliminated: Jessica Abbide

12.
Best: Justė Juozapaitytė & Jade Thompson
Eliminated: Anastasija Bogatirijova & Imogen Leaver

13.
Final Two: Justė Juozapaitytė & Jade Thompson
Winner: Jade Thompson

References

Other websites
 

British reality television series
The Anglo-Zulu War was a war fought from 1879 to 1887 between the Zulu people and the British Empire. There was no declaration of war. The war was fought in South Africa, mostly. The Zulu were victorious at first, and won the Battle of Isandlwana. Later their luck turned, and the British Empire won the Battle of Ulundi. The Zulu lost the war, and the Zulu Kingdom ceased to exist as an independent state. Today, the area is part of South Africa, and is called KwaZulu-Natal.

Wars involving the British Empire
19th century in South Africa
Resistance to the British Empire
19th-century conflicts
Amanda Bresnan (born 4 December 1971) is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly. Bresnan was elected to the ACT Legislative Assembly from the electorate of Brindabella in the 2008 election. She was defeated at the 2012 election

Early life and education
Bresnan grew up in Brisbane. She studied at Griffith University. Bresnan entered the ACT Government's Graduate Program and later became a senior policy officer in ACT Health. She went on to become policy manager for the Consumers’ Health Forum of Australia and the director of policy at the Mental Health Council of Australia.

Political career
Bresnan ran for election for the electorate of Molonglo in the Australian Capital Territory general election in 2004. She did not win in the multi-member electorate. However, the Greens' main candidate, Deb Foskey, was elected.
In the 2007, Bresnan ran for the House of Representatives seat of Canberra.  In June 2008, the ACT Greens said that Bresnan would stand for election in Brindabella.

Parliamentary career
Bresnan main interest dealth with Health, Mental Health, Transport, Disability, Housing, Ageing, Multicultural Affairs, Industrial Relations and Corrections. She is also the ACT Greens' Party Whip.

References

Other websites

 Amanda Bresnan: Official Website and Newsfeed
 Amanda Bresnan: Parliamentary Website and Information 
 Amanda Bresnan's Inaugural Speech 

1971 births
Australian Greens politicians
Living people
Politicians from Brisbane
People from the Australian Capital Territory
Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 5 is the fifth season of Britain's Next Top Model. This cycle includes 13 contestants. The winner 19-year-old was Mecia Simson from Plymouth, England.

Contestants
(ages stated are at time of contest)

Prizes
 A modeling contract with Models 1
 A campaign with Max Factor
 A spread & cover in Company Magazine

Episodes

1.
Best: Mecia Simson
Worst: Rebecca Ball, Ashley Brown, & Nell Naberro
Eliminated: Rebecca Ball & Nell Naberro

2.
Best: Kasey Wynter
Worst: Lisa-Ann Hillman & Sophie Sumner
Eliminated: Lisa-Ann Hillman

3.
Best: Kasey Wynter
Worst: Ashley Brown & Chloe Cummings
Eliminated: None

4.
Best: Sophie Sumner
Worst: Kasey Wynter & Lauren Wee
Eliminated: Lauren Wee

5.
Best: Jade McSorley
Worst: Chloe Cummings & Kasey Wynter
Eliminated: Chloe Cummings & Kasey Wynter

6.
Best/Immune: Daisy Payne
Worst: Madeleine Wheatley & Annaliese Dayes
Eliminated: Madeleine Wheatley

7.
Best: Jade McSorley
Worst: Hayley Buchanan & Daisy Payne
Eliminated: Hayley Buchanan
8.
Best: Mecia Simson
Worst: Sophie Sumner & Annaliese Dayes
Eliminated: Annaliese Dayes

9.
Best: Jade McSorley
Worst: Ashley Brown & Daisy Payne
Eliminated: Daisy Payne

10.
Best: Sophie Sumner
Worst: Ashley Brown & Viola Szekely
Eliminated: Viola Szekely

11.
Best: Jade McSorley
Worst: Ashley Brown & Mecia Simson
Eliminated: Ashley Brown

12.
Final Three: Jade McSorley, Mecia Simson & Sophie Sumner
Eliminated: Jade McSorley

13.
Final Two: Sophie Sumner & Mecia Simson
Winner: Mecia Simson

Britain's Next Top Model
Queen Liliʻuokalani (September 2, 1838-November 11, 1917) was the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii.  She was well educated and traveled widely.  She married John Owen Dominis on September 16, 1862.  He became the Governor of Oahu and Maui.  The couple had no children. She was an accomplished musician. "Aloha ʻOe" is her best-known composition.

In 1891, Liliʻuokalani became Queen of Hawaii when her brother, the king, died.  In 1893, she wanted a new constitution.  This caused the American minister in Hawaii great concern. American soldiers took over the ʻIolani Palace and other government buildings. In 1894, they removed Queen Liliʻuokalani as queen.  The United States set up a provisional government. It became the Republic of Hawaii.
The Hawaiian people were on the side of their Queen. President Grover Cleveland offered to return the throne if she granted amnesty to all involved in the takeover of her kingdom.  She refused, but then changed her mind and agreed. She was denied her reinstatement by the Provisional Government.  On July 4, 1894, the Republic of Hawaii began. Liliʻuokalani died on November 11, 1917 following a stroke.

References
 National Women's History Museum: Queen Liliʻuokalani 

People from Hawaii
Kings and Queens of Hawaii
Deaths from stroke
1838 births
1917 deaths
Native Hawaiians
Couleur (from French, in English colour, or in the United States color) is the word which is used for the headgear and ribbons worn by members of some Central European student societies (Studentenverbindungen).

Ribbon

Headgear

Cap

Tönnchen

Straßencerevis

Further reading
 Peter Krause: O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum, Graz, Wien, Köln 1979 (German), 
 Peter Krause: O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum, 5. verb. Auflage, Graz, Wien, Köln 1997 (German), 
 Paulgerhard Gladen: Gaudeamus igitur - Die studentischen Verbindungen einst und jetzt, Köln 2001 (German),
 Edgar Hunger / Curt Meyer: Studentisches Brauchtum, Bonn, Stuttgart 1958 (German)

Accessories
A Zirkel is a symbol used in Central European student societies (Studentenverbindungen).

Look and meaning 
A Zirkel consists of interwined lines, mostly followed by an exclamation mark. The lines mostly show the first letters of the name of the Studentenverbindung and/or the letters v, c, f or e, f, v.

Examples

Meaning of v-c-f:
 Vivant fratres coniuncti ("the joined brothers should live") or
 Vivat circulus fratrum ("the circle of brothers should live") or
 Vivat, crescat, floreat ("live, grow, flourish").

Meaning of e-f-v:
 Ehre, Freiheit, Vaterland ("Honour, Freedom, Fatherland").

The meaning of the exclamation mark is not quite clear.

Using 
The members of the Studentenverbindung use the Zirkel as sign on Couleur or other things (such as beer glasses, etc). If a member signs in affairs of its Studentenverbindung it places the Zirkel after its signature. This use is similar to the use of postnominals in Anglo-Saxon countries.

Examples

References
References

Further reading
 Peter Krause: O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum, Graz, Wien, Köln 1979 (German), 
 Peter Krause: O alte Burschenherrlichkeit - Die Studenten und ihr Brauchtum, 5. verb. Auflage, Graz, Wien, Köln 1997 (German), 
 Paulgerhard Gladen: Gaudeamus igitur - Die studentischen Verbindungen einst und jetzt, Köln 2001 (German)  
 Edgar Hunger / Curt Meyer: Studentisches Brauchtum, Bonn, Stuttgart 1958 (German)

Symbols
Zirkel may refer to:

Ferdinand Zirkel (1838–1912), German geologist and petrographer
USS Zirkel (ID-3407), a cargo ship that served in the United States Navy from 1918 to 1919
Zirkel (Studentenverbindung), a symbol used in European Studentenverbindungen
Albert Zirkel (1885–?), American wrestler who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics
Mount Zirkel
Dorsum Zirkel, a wrinkle ridge in Mare Imbrium on the Moon. It is 193 km long and was named after Ferdinand Zirkel in 1976
Masha Rasputina (, born Alla Ageeva, 13 May 1965, Urop, Belovsky District, Kemerovo Oblast) is a Russian pop singer. She is known for her over-the-top, husky vocal style, fiery stage persona and flamboyant image. 

Rasputina has been married twice. She has two daughters, Lidia Yermakova and Maria Zakharova (born 8 September 2000).

Discography

Albums 
 Городская сумасшедшая (A Town's Mad Girl, 1991)
 Я родилась в Сибири (I Was Born in Siberia, 1993)
 Синий понедельничек (Blue Monday, 1994)
 Я была на Венере (I Visited Venus, 1995)
 Ты меня не буди (Don't Wake Me Up, 1999)
 Поцелуй меня при всех (Kiss Me in Public, 2000)
 Живи, страна! (Live, My Country, 2001)
 Роза чайная (Rose Tea Room, 2003)
 Маша Распутина. The Best (The Best of Masha Rasputina, compilation, 2008)

References

Other websites  
 Оfficial site
 Fan site
 persona.rin.ru: Маша Распутина
 all-biography.ru Маша Распутина
 shalala.ru Маша Распутина

1965 births
Living people
Russian pop singers
Kemerovo Oblast
Alla Borisovna Pugacheva (, or Pugachova, ), born 15 April 1949), is а Russian singer. She has a "clear mezzosoprano and a full display of sincere emotions". She is the most successful Soviet and Russian performer in terms of record sales and popularity. She became a Meritorious Artist of the Russian SFSR in 1980, People's Artist of the Russian SFSR in 1985 and People's Artist of the USSR in 1991. She is the mother of actress and singer, Kristina Orbakaitė.

Notes and references

Other websites

Alla Pugacheva fan club  
Russian Music on the net: Info on Alla Pugacheva with lyrics translated to English

Videos of Alla Pugacheva's Concert in Kremlin
Alla Pugacheva on YouTube

1949 births
Living people
Mezzo-sopranos
Musicians from Moscow
Russian singers
Soviet singers
Jorge Drexler (born Jorge Abner Drexler Prada; 21 September 1964) is an Uruguayan musician, actor, and doctor.

In 2004, Drexler become the first Uruguayan ever to win an Academy Award.  He won for composing the song "Al Otro Lado del Río" from The Motorcycle Diaries.

Discography
La luz que sabe robar (Ayui, 1992)
Radar (Ayui, 1994)
Vaivén (Virgin, 1996)
Llueve (Virgin, 1997)
Frontera (Virgin, 1999)
Sea (Virgin, 2001)
Eco (Dro, 2004)
Eco2 (includes 3 bonus tracks + DVD) (Dro, 2005)
12 Segundos de Oscuridad (2006)
La Edad del Cielo (iTunes release) (2007)
Cara B(2008)
Amar la Trama (2010)

Other websites

Jorge Drexler's official site
Jorge Drexler's Official Label Site - Free music online 

1964 births
Living people
Actors from Montevideo
Musicians from Montevideo
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Latin Grammy Award winners
Physicians
"Aloha ʻOe" (Farewell to Thee) is a song by Queen Lili'uokalani, the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii. It was written in 1878. The song tells of a farewell between two lovers.

References
 Aloha Oe

Culture of Hawaii
1978 songs
The 2012–13 UEFA Champions League was the 58th season of Europe's top club football competition organized by UEFA. It was the 21st season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League.

The final match took place at Wembley Stadium in London, England, to celebrate the 150th anniversary of England's Football Association. Bayern Munich won the final by beating Borussia Dortmund 2–1 with a late goal from Arjen Robben. It was Bayern's 10th final, their first European Cup title in 12 years, and their fifth overall. This was also the first final featuring two German teams and the fourth final with teams from the same association.

Chelsea, the previous champions, were eliminated in the group stage which was a first for title holders. However, they went on to win the 2013 UEFA Europa League, becoming the first team to hold both the Europa League and Champions League titles at the same time.

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Group E

Group F

Group G

Group H
Group G

Group H

Knockout Stage

Round of 16 

|}

Quarter Finals 

|}

Semi Finals 

|}

Final

The final was played on 25 May 2013 at Wembley Stadium in London, England.

Statistics

Hat-tricks 

4Player scored four goals.

References

UEFA Champions League seasons
2012 in association football
2013 in association football
The 2011–12 UEFA Champions League was the 57th UEFA Champions League. The champions were Chelsea. No third place match was played, as usual, but the teams defeated in the semi-finals were Real Madrid and FC Barcelona. FC Barcelona was the defending champions, but they were eliminated in the semi finals.

FC Bayern Munich defeated Real Madrid 3-3 (penalties) in aggregate. FC Barcelona were defeated by Chelsea 3-2 in aggregate.

Chelsea defeated FC Bayern Munich 1-1 (4-3 with penalties).

Knockout stage

Round of 16

|}

Quarter-finals

|}

Semi-finals

|}

Final

Statistics

Hat-tricks

4Player scored four goals.
5Player scored five goals.

UEFA Champions League seasons
2012 in association football
2011 in association football
Angélica Sofía Castro Rivera (born October 30, 1996 in Mexico City) is a Mexican actress and model. Her step-father is the current President of Mexico and her mother is an actress.

Filmography

Telenovelas

TV Series

Sources 
 

1996 births
Living people
Actors from Mexico City
Mexican models
Mexican television actors
Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa (born August 18, 1962) is a Mexican politician. He was President of Mexico from 1 December 2006 to 30 November 2012. He is a member of the Partido Acción Nacional (PAN), one of the three major Mexican political parties.

Calderón was born on August 18, 1962 in Morelia, Mexico. He studied at Free School of Law, at Autonomous Technological Institute of Mexico, and at Harvard University. Calderón has been married to Margarita Zavala since 1993. She ran for president in the 2018 election, but dropped out of the race.

Calderón is Chairperson of Global Commission for the Economy and Climate which issued The New Climate Economy Report.

Personal background[edit] 
Felipe Calderón was born in Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico on August 18, 1962. He is the youngest of five brothers and son of Carmen Hinojosa Calderón and the late Luis Calderón Vega.
His father was a co-founder of the National Action Party and an important political figure. The elder Calderón occupied state posts and served a term as federal deputy. He spent most of his life working within the party and spent most of his free time promoting the PAN. The young Calderón was active in his father's campaigns. As a boy, he distributed party pamphlets and flyers, rode PAN campaign vehicles and chanted slogans at rallies.

After growing up in Morelia, Calderón moved to Mexico City, where he received a bachelor's degree in law from the Escuela Libre de Derecho. Later, he received a master's degree in economics from the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) and a Master of Public Administration degree in 2000 from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
Following his father's example, he joined the PAN, with the desire of one day becoming Mexico's president. It was in the National Action Party that Calderón met his wife, Margarita Zavala, who served in Congress as a federal deputy. They have three children, María, Luis Felipe and Juan Pablo.

Calderón is Roman Catholic.
Political and social views 
To demands for detailed revelation of his personal positions on abortion, Calderón responded that he voted for life. Calderón's administration sought to maintain moderate positions on social policy and supported Mexican legislation guaranteeing abortion for rape victims, when pregnancy endangers a woman's life or in cases of severe fetal deformity; has publicly advocated the legalization of small quantities of cocaine and other drugs for addicts who agree to undergo treatment; and has approved a right-to-die initiative for ill patients to refuse invasive treatment or extraordinary efforts to prolong their lives. As for his economic policies, he supports balanced fiscal policies, flat taxes, lower taxes, and free trade.
Political career 
He was a local representative in the Legislative Assembly and, on two different occasions, in the federal Chamber of Deputies. He ran for the governorship of Michoacán in 1995 and served as national president of the PAN from 1996 to 1999. During his tenure, his party maintained control of 14 state capitals, but also faced a reduced presence in the federal Chamber of Deputies.

Soon after Vicente Fox took office as president, Calderón was appointed director of Banobras, a state-owned development bank. He was accused by political opponents of committing abuse, disputing use of certain legal procedures to finance property valued between three and five million Mexican pesos (between US$300,000 and $500,000); however, once political objections arose, he used other means to formalize his transaction.
He joined the presidential cabinet as Secretary of Energy, replacing Ernesto Martens. He left the post in May 2004 in protest of Vicente Fox's criticism of his presidential ambitions while supporting those of Santiago Creel.

2006 presidential campaign 
Members of his party chose him as the PAN presidential candidate. In a series of three primary elections, he defeated the favored former Secretary of the Interior under President Vicente Fox, and thus the election of Calderón as party candidate surprised many analysts. The PAN pointed to his competitive primary election as a sign of internal democracy. In other major parties, there was one candidate or all strong candidates but one were eliminated.
Calderón's campaign gained momentum after the first presidential debate. Subsequent poll numbers put him ahead of López Obrador from March to May; some polls favored him by as much as 9 percentage points. This trend in his favor was contained after the second presidential debate when López Obrador decided to start joining the debates. Final poll numbers days ahead of the results indicated that his opponent's prior lead had shrunk further; some polls gave López Obrador the lead, while others favored Calderón and still others indicated a technical tie.

Results

Presidency

Inauguration 
Mexican Constitution states that the President must be inaugurated by taking the oath of office before Congress in the lower house, the Chamber of Deputies. The PRD opposition had threatened to not allow Calderón to take the oath of office and be inaugurated as president. Ahead of claims that the PRD would disrupt the precedings, the PAN took control of Congress's main floor three days before the inauguration was scheduled.
Calderón's inauguration ceremony on 1 December at the Congress of the Union was tense and lasted less than five minutes, as he barely managed to recite the oath of office while the PRD legislators shouted in protest against the alleged electoral fraud and attempted to impede his inauguration, and afterward he quickly left the building for security reasons as some of the legislators engaged in violent brawls. Besides the claims of fraud, Calderón took office with the smallest percentage of votes for a winning presidential candidate in Mexican history (35.8%), which meant that his administration would face severe legitimacy problems. Only a month after taking office, Calderón declared war on the drug cartels and organized crime, thus beginning the Mexican Drug War. This was considered by many as an immediate strategy to gain popular legitimacy and acceptation for the new President after the convoluted elections.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Office of the President of Mexico site
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Felipe Calderon full access article
 Extended biography by CIDOB Foundation 
 Felipe Calderón's speech to the Mexican people from the 'National Auditorium', 2006

1962 births
Living people
Presidents of Mexico
People from Michoacán
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Michael "Mike" Gray (October 26, 1935 – April 30, 2013) was an American writer, screenwriter, activist, cinematographer, movie producer and director. He was known for making many documentaries about drugs and war. He was also the screenwriter for Star Trek: The Next Generation and The China Syndrome for which he was nominated for an Academy Award.

Gray was born on October 26, 1935 in Darlington, Indiana. He was raised in Chicago, Illinois. Gray studied at Purdue University.

He was married to Carol Gray until his death in 2013. They had one son, Lucas Gray who is a storyboard writer for The Simpsons. Gray died from unknown causes in his home in Los Angeles, California, aged 77.

Gray won the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Drama and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, and for the BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay.

References

Other websites
 
 Mike Gray
 Drug Crazy
 Film Group Collection, 1966-1969