Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
The government of Empress Dowager Cixi gave her support to the boxers. This caused foreign diplomats, civilians, soldiers and even some Chinese Christians to retreat. They went to the legation quarter. They held out against the boxers for 55 days. A multinational coalition rushed 20,000 troops to their rescue. The Chinese government was forced to compensate the victims and make many additional concessions. Subsequent reforms implemented after the crisis of 1900 laid the foundation for the end of the Qing Dynasty. It establishment of the modern Chinese Republic.

The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipients must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient has been killed (posthumously).
During the Boxer rebellion, 59 American servicemen received the Medal of Honor for their actions. Four of these were for Army personnel, twenty-two went to navy sailors and the remaining thirty-three went to marines.  Harry Fisher was the first Marine to receive the medal posthumously and the only posthumous recipient for this conflict.

Recipients

References
General

Specific

Further reading

Boxer Rebellion
Sir James Wilson Vincent Savile OBE, KCSG (31 October 1926  29 October 2011) was a British predatory sex offender and paedophile who throughout his life gained fame and celebrity status in Britain as a DJ and television presenter. He was the initial host of Top of the Pops and the host of Jim'll Fix It. In 2012, a year after his death, he was accused of many counts of child sexual abuse and rape, which he committed from 1963 to 2009, and which many BBC employers are thought to have had awareness of for decades and covered up, which kept his sex abuse unknown to the public. This ultimately caused a scandal at the BBC following the allegations in which Savile was posthumously exposed for his crimes, with the police ultimately concluding that he had been a predatory sex offender. He is thought to have been one of Britain's most prolific sex offenders of the 20th century.
Early life
Savile was born in Leeds the youngest of seven children. His siblings were Mary, Marjory, Vincent, John, Joan and Cristina. His parents were Vincent Joseph Marie Savile and Agnes Monica Kelly. He died in Leeds of natural causes. He was a devout Roman Catholic. He presented Jim'll Fix It and Top of the Pops. Savile was also a professional wrestler and cyclist when he was young and during World War II he was conscripted to work as a Bevin Boy in the coal mines.

Career
Savile started being a DJ at Radio Luxembourg in 1958. He stopped working for them in 1967. In 1968 he joined BBC Radio 1. On New Year's Day 1964 he presented the first edition of the BBC music chart television programme Top of the Pops. In 1971 he was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.

Honors
Savile was also an honorary life member of the British Gypsy Council and the first non-gypsy to be an honorary life member.

In 1990, he was made a Knight Bachelor for his charity work.
Death
On the night of 29 October 2011, Savile was found dead in his home at the age of 84, just 2 days before his 85th birthday. Police said there were no suspicious circumstances to his death. A year later his crimes were revealed by victims. He had been in hospital with pneumonia, and his death was not suspicious.

Due to his sex abuse remaining unknown to the public at the time of his death, many tributes were paid to him, a large funeral took place for him and he was initially praised in obituaries written in the immediate aftermath of his death.

Characteristics
Savile was known to own several cars including Bentley, Rolls-Royce and Mercedes-Benz.

Savile smoked expensive Cuban cigars and was a heavy smoker.

Savile was close friends with Edward Heath. Most of his sexual abuse was against young girls.

Sex offences and crimes
In 1963, a boy told police that Savile had raped him.
Since he died in 2011, 589 people have made complaints about Savile to the police. 31 said that they were raped by Savile. 16 said they were under 16 when Savile raped them. Police called Savile "Britain's worst paedophile". In March 2013 Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary reported that 214 of the complaints that had been made against Savile after his death would have been criminal offences.

It was also revealed that Savile also committed some child sex offences in his silver Rolls-Royce Corniche.

On 3 October 2012, a television programme called Exposure: The Other Side of Jimmy Savile was shown on ITV. In it several women said that Savile sexually abused them when they were teenagers. Exposure Update: The Jimmy Savile Investigation, was shown on ITV on 21 November 2012.
An investigation codenamed Operation Yewtree was launched and several arrests were made. People arrested included Gary Glitter, Rolf Harris, Dave Lee Travis, William Roache, Wilfred De'ath, Max Clifford, Stuart Hall, and Paul Gambaccini.

Savile was the subject of an episode of Louis Theroux's When Louis Met! where Theroux asked him if he is a paedophile in 2001 and Savile laughed off the question and told him that those were just claims.

In June 2014, MP Jeremy Hunt apologised to Savile's victims after it was revealed that Savile had also abused dead bodies while at Broadmoor Psychiatric Hospital and he was a regular visitor and evil stalker.

References

Other websites 

1926 births
2011 deaths
BBC radio presenters
BBC television presenters
British cyclists
British DJs
British rapists
British sex offenders
Child sexual abusers
English professional wrestlers
English Roman Catholics
Members of the Order of the British Empire
People from Leeds
Television personalities from Yorkshire
Personal Best is a 1982 American drama movie in which the story is focused on lesbian issues in the Summer Olympics of 1980, directed by Robert Towne. Starring in this are Mariel Hemingway and Patrice Donnelly; the earlier plays Chris Cahill in this movie. This motion picture was rated highly, although it did not do well in the box office.

Other websites 

1982 drama movies
1980s LGBT movies
1980s sports movies
American drama movies
American LGBT movies
American sports movies
English-language movies
LGBT drama movies
Sports drama movies
The Korean War was an increase of border clashes between two rival Korean governments (each of which was supported by external powers). Each Korean government was trying to topple the other through political and guerilla tactics. Some may refer to it as a civil war. Though many other factors were at play. South Korea filed to strengthen their cause in free elections held in May 1950. The refusal of South Korea to hold new elections per North Korean demands was also a factor. The communist North Korean Army moved south on June 25, 1950. It was an attempt to reunite the Korean peninsula which had been formally divided since 1948. The conflict was then expanded by the United States and the Soviet Union's involvement as part of the larger Cold War. The main hostilities were during the period from June 25, 1950 until the armistice was signed on July 27, 1953.

Medal of Honor
Medal of Honor

The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient is killed (posthumously).

During this war 135 Medals of Honor were presented for bravery in action. Ninety seven were presented posthumously.

RecipientsTansey?

Note: Notes in quotations are derived or are copied from the official Medal of Honor citation

Related pages
 List of Medal of Honor recipients

References
General

Inline

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
Medal of Honor recipients
Against All Odds is a 1984 crime drama movie in which Rachel Ward and Jeff Bridges are among the cast. This movie is about a mix of infidelity, gangsters, crime and adultery. The movie was a remake of Out of the Past, a romance-thriller from 1947.

Release dates 

1984 thriller movies
1984 drama movies
American drama thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Taylor Hackford
Zechariah was the father of John the Baptist. He appears in the Gospel of Luke. He was struck dumb by an angel for failing to have faith. His voice was restored after John was born.

Ancient Israeli people
New Testament people
The Pennsylvania Turnpike is a toll road (a road cars have to pay to drive on) operated by the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States.  It costs more than $7 for a car to enter it from Ohio. The turnpike is a limited-access highway, which means cars must use ramps to get onto the highway. It runs  across the state. The turnpike begins at the Ohio border in Lawrence County, where it goes into that state as the Ohio Turnpike. The designation ends at the New Jersey border at the Delaware River – Turnpike Toll Bridge over the Delaware River in Bucks County, where it goes into that state as the Pearl Harbor Memorial Extension of the New Jersey Turnpike. The roadway goes east-west path through the state, going through the Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, and Philadelphia areas. As it goes across the Appalachian Mountains in the middle of the state, the turnpike goes through four tunnels
. It is part of the Interstate Highway System and is signed as part of Interstate 76 (I-76) between the Ohio border and Valley Forge, I-70 and I-76 between New Stanton and Breezewood, I-276 between Valley Forge and Bristol Township, and I-95 between Bristol Township and the New Jersey border.  The road uses a ticket system of tolling, where cars get a ticket listing fares when they head onto the road and pay when they leave the road, between the Warrendale and Neshaminy Falls toll plazas. There is also an eastbound toll plaza at Gateway near the Ohio border and a westbound toll plaza at the Delaware River Bridge that uses cameras to take a picture of the car's license plate and send a bill in the mail. E-ZPass, a form of electronic toll collection, is also used at all toll plazas.
The Pennsylvania Turnpike was planned in the 1930s to make traveling by car better across the mountains of Pennsylvania. It went through seven tunnels that were created for the abandoned South Pennsylvania Railroad in the 1880s. The road opened on October 1, 1940 between Irwin and Carlisle as the first long-distance limited-access highway in the United States that led to the building of other limited-access toll roads and the Interstate Highway System. Following World War II, the turnpike was built east to Valley Forge in 1950 and west to the Ohio border in 1951. In 1954, the road was built east to the Delaware River. The mainline turnpike was done in 1956 when the Delaware River bridge was built. In the 1960s, another tube was bored at four of the two-lane tunnels while the other three tunnels were closed when a new road was built around them. This made all of the highway four lanes wide
. Work continues to be done to make the road better, such as rebuilding the original section to today's standards, widening parts of the turnpike to six lanes, and adding new interchanges.
References

Works cited

Turnpike
The Free Trade Party was an Australian political party from 1889 to 1909. It was officially known as the Australian Free Trade and Liberal Association. It was also called the Revenue Tariff Party in some states and renamed the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. It wanted to remove tariffs (taxes on imports and exports) as well as other restrictions on trade. It argued that free trade would benefit everyone. However, many members also supported some tariffs to raise money for the government.

The party was based in New South Wales, where its leaders were Sir Henry Parkes and Sir George Reid. It was the main party in New South Wales politics before federation.
After the elections for the first Commonwealth Parliament, the Free Traders were the second largest group in the Australian House of Representatives, with 25 seats. Reid became the Parliament's first leader of the Opposition. He later became Prime Minister in 1904-05. The deputy leader of the Free Trade Party was Willima McMillan. Joseph Cook became deputy leader of the party when McMillan retired in 1903.

A separate Tasmanian Revenue Tariff Party took part in the 1903 federal election in Tasmania and won two seats. It joined with the Free Trade Party in federal parliament.
After the question of tariffs had largely been settled, Reid looked around for another cause for his party. He settled on opposition to socialism. He criticised both the Australian Labor Party and the Protectionist Party, led by Alfred Deakin. The Free Trade Party was renamed the Anti-Socialist Party (ASP) before the 1906 federal election. The Labor Party and the FTP/ASP continued to grow in electoral strength. Some Protectionists left the party to join Labor and the ASP.

Reid retired in 1908, and the party leadership passed to Joseph Cook. He agreed to merge with the Protectionists to become the Commonwealth Liberal Party in 1909.

References

1889 establishments in Australia
1909 disestablishments
Commonwealth Liberal Party
Political parties in Australia
1900s disestablishments in Australia
Dubai International Airport  () is an international airport serving Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is a major airline hub in the Middle East, and is the main airport of Dubai. The airport is the main hub for Emirates. The airport consists of 3 terminals, named Terminal 1, 2, and 3. Emirates mainly uses Terminal 3. It is the world's biggest airport for international passenger traffic, and the 19th biggest for passenger traffic.

Terminals, airlines and destinations

Passenger flights

Terminal F (Cargo flights)

VIP Pavillion

Awards
 2011 – Best Airport in Middle East of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International and most improved airport in the Middle East.

References

In other websites

Official Site
Air Freight Services Dubai

Project Information from Airport Technology

Airports in Asia
Buildings and structures in Dubai
There are currently 64 living recipients of the Medal of Honor, the US military's highest decoration. Of the living recipients, one was awarded in the Korean War, 47 in the Vietnam War, 14 in the War in Afghanistan, and two in the War in Iraq. Four medal holders are still on active duty in the US military: soldiers Thomas Payne, Earl Plumlee, William Swenson, and Matthew Williams.

References

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
Zero Dark Thirty is a 2012 American thriller movie about the hunt for Osama bin Laden. It was directed by Kathryn Bigelow. The film stars Jessica Chastain, Chris Pratt and James Gandolfini. The main character Maya at the Central Intelligence Agency is fictional. However, the story is based on real events. Zero Dark Thiry was a critical success. It is considered one of he best movies of 2012. There was controversy how film showed torture.
Plot 
Maya Harris works at the CIA to find Osama bin Laden. A suspected terrorist, Ammar says the courier of Osama bin Laden may be  Abu Ahmed al-Kuwaiti. Later another suspect denies knowing Abu Ahmed. A Jordanian doctor tricks CIA agents into trusting them. He blows himself up and kills the agents. Another suspect tells Maya he buried Abu Ahmed. Maya believes that the death of Abu was the death of his brother Habeeb. May tells Dan from the CIA headquarters about this. The two track the phone of Ibrahim Sayeed. He went under the name Abu Ahmed al-Kuwaiti. The car of Sayeed arrives at a compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Shooters attack Maya. The CIA calls her job off because they think she is exposed. In the US, Officials discuss whether to attack the compound. 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment attack the compound and kill Osama bin Laden on May 2, 2011.

Cast
Cast 

 Jessica Chastain as Maya Harris, a CIA intelligence analyst
 Jason Clarke as Dan Fuller, a CIA intelligence officer
 Jennifer Ehle as Jessica Karley, a senior CIA analyst
 Mark Strong as George Panetta, a senior CIA supervisor
 Kyle Chandler as Joseph Bradley, Islamabad CIA Station Chief
 James Gandolfini as CIA Director
 Harold Perrineau as Jack Fuller, a CIA analyst
 Mark Duplass as Steve Bradley, a CIA analyst
 Fredric Lehne as Fred "The Wolf" Guerrero, a CIA section chief
 John Barrowman as Jeremy Karley, a CIA executive
 Jessie Collins as Debbie Stone, a CIA analyst
 Édgar Ramírez as Larry Handley, a CIA SAD/SOG operative
 Fares Fares as Hakim, a CIA SAD/SOG operative
 Scott Adkins as John Simmons, a CIA SAD/SOG operative
 Jeremy Strong as Thomas, a CIA analyst
Reception 
The film got very positive reviews. It has a 91% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Critics said the movie was gripping and suspenseful.They also praised that the film showed how life is. The film was considered authentic. Zero Dark Thirty made many Critics' top tens list. The film was also controversial. Some criticized the movie for seeming to support torture. Some said it was a pro-Obama movie. Others said the movie wrongly got classified material.

References
Wayne James Hillman (November 13, 1938 – November 24, 1990) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played 14 seasons in the NHL.

Hillman played in the NHL with the Chicago Black Hawks for 5 seasons, the New York Rangers for 4 seasons, the Minnesota North Stars for 1 season and the Philadelphia Flyers for 4 seasons. Hillman also played for the Cleveland Crusaders of the World Hockey Association for 2 seasons and retired after his time with the Crusaders wa done.

Even though Hillman only played 1 playoff game for the Black Hawks in the 1960-61 NHL season his name was still engraved on the Stanley Cup.

Hillman died of cancer on November 24, 1990.

Other websites

1938 births
1990 deaths
Buffalo Bisons (AHL) players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicago Blackhawks players
Deaths from cancer
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Minnesota North Stars players
New York Rangers players
Philadelphia Flyers players
American Hockey League players
World Hockey Association players
The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient has been killed (posthumously).

Although Medals of Honor can be presented only to members of the U.S. armed forces it is not required to be a U.S. citizen. Since the American Civil War hundreds of people born outside the United States have received the medal. The most recent of these recipients being Leslie H. Sabo, Jr.. He received his medal in May 2012 for actions performed during the Vietnam War. The large number of foreign-born recipients during the 19th and early 20th centuries was likely due to immigration waves from Europe.

American Civil War

Indian Wars

Korean Expedition
Korean Expedition

Spanish-American War

Samoan Civil War

Philippine-American War

Boxer Rebellion

Occupation of Veracruz

World War I

World War II

Korean War

Vietnam War

Peacetime

Other websites
http://www.history.army.mil/moh.html 

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
This is a list of Native Americans presented the nation's highest military decoration — the Medal of Honor. The Medal of Honor is bestowed "for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty, in actual combat against an armed enemy force."  The medal is presented by the President of the United States on behalf of the Congress.

Of the 3,469 Medals of Honor presented as of 2012 only 28 have been given to Native Americans.

The Medal of Honor created during the American Civil War. It is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal it is commonly presented after the recipient was killed (posthumously).

List of recipients

References

Lists of Medal of Honor recipients
Medal of Honor recipients
This article is about the Protectionist Party of 1889-1909.

The Protectionist Party was an Australian political party from 1889 until 1909. Its policies were based on protectionism. It argued that Australia needed protective tariffs to allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most important leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime pinisters of Australia.

The Protectionist Party formed government Australia's first government with the support of the Labor Party. They agreed to put in place social reforms that were Labor policy. Labor's program, however, was often too radical for the Protectionists, and compromises had to be made. Several changes of minority governments occurred.
The Protectionist vote had dropped by the 1906 federal election. Labor formed its first government in 1904 and its second in 1908 under Andrew Fisher. Many people believed an anti-socialist group was needed to oppose the Labor Party. Deakin and Anti-Socialist Party leader Joseph Cook, began talks to join their parties together.  The more liberal Protectionists, such as Isaac Isaacs and H. B. Higgins, opposed a merger.  The Protection Party was split by this issue.  Most members, including Deakin, joined with the Anti-Socialist Party to become the Commonwealth Liberal Party. This became known as "the Fusion,". The more liberal Protectionists supported Labor.  The Fusion would form another minority government before Fisher and Labor achieved Australia's first federal majority government, and the first Senate majority, at the 1910 election.

In 2007, a new political party, the Australian Protectionist Party was set up.

References
References

Australian Dictionary of Biography - Edmund Barton
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Alfred Deakin

Political parties in Australia
Commonwealth Liberal Party
1889 establishments in Australia
1909 disestablishments
1900s disestablishments in Australia
Fallingwater is the name of the summer house Frank Lloyd Wright designed in 1935 for the Kaufmann family. It is in the woods over a waterfall in Pennsylvania. It is a nationally listed national historic place, and some say it is the most famous private house in the world.

The house actually sits low in the valley over the stream, but looks dramatic from further downstream. It has large terraces, and some of them stick straight out and hang right over the waterfall or the stream. There are windows and glass doors, with only narrow steel supports between them, wrapping all the way around the living room. There are also windows going all the way from the floor to the ceiling in all three stories of the tower. Most of the house is made from stone.
There are strong horizontal and vertical lines in the design of the house. It resembles the horizontal and vertical lines in the rock formations and other natural features. The waterfall can be heard everywhere in the house. Wright wanted there to be a close connection between inside and outside, and for the house itself to be natural.

The large, cave-like living room has a big fireplace built on a large rock that comes up out of the floor. This was Edgar Kaufmann's favorite place to sit before the house was built. A stairway hangs down from the main floor to the stream. A glass hatchway lets people go down it from the living room.

Some of the furniture is built right into the house. Many shelves are attached directly into the wall, sticking out without any supports that can be seen, like the floors and terraces of the house itself.

There is a guest house on the hill behind the main house. It is connected by an "S" shaped, covered walk. There is a plunge pool beside the guest house.
In 1991, members of the American Institute of Architects named the Fallingwater house the "best all-time work of American architecture".

References

Further reading 
 Edgar Kaufmann Jr. 1986. Fallingwater: a Frank Lloyd Wright country house Abbeville Press.
 Robert McCarter 2002. Fallingwater aid. (Architecture in Detail) Phaidon Press.
 Franklin Toker 2005. Fallingwater rising: Frank Lloyd Wright, E.J. Kaufmann, and America's most extraordinary house. Knopf.
 Lynda S. Waggoner and the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy 1996. Fallingwater: Frank Lloyd Wright's romance with nature. Universe Publishing.

Other websites 

Fallingwater pictures: fall photo - numerous excellent photos of the house.
Official Fallingwater website - visitor and design information
official Western Pennsylvania Conservancy website 
Architectural Record article
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette article 

Buildings and structures in Pennsylvania
Houses in the United States
Frank Lloyd Wright buildings
Laurie [ lawr-ee ] is a given name for women. It is a version of Laura. Laura is more common than Laurie. Sometimes, it can also be a surname. Laurie is a gender-neutral name that has been in use for centuries across various cultures with diverse interpretations. The name Laurie originated from the Latin name Laurentius, which signifies "a person from Laurentum." Laurentum was a historic city located in Italy, and individuals who hailed from that city were given the name Laurentius. This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).

People 

 Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (1956–1989)
 Laurie Anderson, American interdisciplinary artist and musician
 Laurie Holden, American-Canadian actress
 Laurie Hendren, Canadian computer scientist (1958-2019)
 Laurie Bird, film actor, photographer
 Laurie Metcalf, American actress

References 

Given names
Surnames
The Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP) was a political party in Australia from 1909 to 1917. It was also known as The Fusion, or the Deakinite Liberal Party. It is the earliest direct ancestor of the modern Liberal Party of Australia.

The party was formed after the Australian Labor Party formed its second government in 1908.  Business leaders told Alfred Deakin, the leader of the Protectionist Party, and Joseph Cook, leader of the Anti-Socialist Party, to join forces to oppose the Labor Party. In 1909, the Protectionists and Anti-Socialists joined to form the CLP.  Deakin was the new party's first leader, with Cook as deputy leader.  Several of the more liberal Protectionists left and joined Labor.
The Protectionists and Anti-Socialists had a majority of seats in the House of Representatives. The new party used its numbers to force Prime Minister Andrew Fisher to resign. Deakin became Prime Minister for the third time. However, the CLP was defeated by Labor at its first election, less than a year later in 1910. 

Cook took over from Deakin shortly before the 1913 election and won government by a single seat.  One year later, Cook introduced a bill removing special treatment for union members.  Cook knew the Labor Party had the numbers in Senate to defeat the bill. When the Senate rejected it twice, Cook had an excuse to call an early election for 5 September. This was the first double dissolution election in Australia. However CLP was soundly defeated, and Labor became the government.
In November 1916, the CLP made a deal with the Prime Minister Billy Hughes. Hughes had been forced to leave the ALP for supporting conscription in World War I. He set up a new party called the National Labor Party.  In February 1917, the CLP and National Labor joined to form the Nationalist Party of Australia.  Although the new party had more Liberals, Hughes became its leader with Cook as his deputy.

Today the Commonwealth Liberal Party is usually called the Deakinite Liberal Party so it will not be confused with the modern Liberal Party of Australia.

Leaders 

 Alfred Deakin 1909-13
 Joseph Cook 1913-16

References
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Alfred Deakin
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Joseph Cook

Other websites

 
1909 establishments
1917 disestablishments
1900s establishments in Australia
1900s disestablishments in Australia
The Australian Electoral Commission, or the AEC, is the Australian federal government agency in charge of federal elections and referendums. State and local government elections are run by the Electoral Commission in each state and territory.

The AEC also draws the boundaries for seats and makes regular changes to keep all seats roughly equal in population numbers. It organizes Commonwealth electoral roll which is a list of people who can vote in elections. The electoral roll is used by the state and territory Electoral Commissions to for their elections.

The AEC also plays a leading role in electoral education and industrial voting (votes on industrial action).

History and structure
The AEC began in 1902, as a part of the Department of Home Affairs. In 1973, it became the Australian Electoral Office. In February 1984 it became the Australian Electoral Commission.
The AEC is run by a Chairman who is a Judge, or a retired Judge, of the Federal Court, the Electoral Commissioner and a non-judicial member who is usually the Australian Statistician). The Electoral Commissioner has the powers of a Secretary of a Department under the Public Service Act 1999 and the Financial Management and Accountability Act 1998. The Chairperson and the third, non-judicial member both hold their offices on a part-time basis.

The AEC has a National Office in Canberra and State Offices in Adelaide, Brisbane, Darwin, Hobart, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney.

Each federal electorate has a Divisional Returning Officer responsible for the House of Representatives elections within their division.  Each State also has an Australian Electoral Officer responsible for the Senate elections.

Duties
Duties

The AEC's major duties are to run federal elections, by-elections and referendums. Election Rolls must always be up-to-date. The AEC must also follow up people who do not vote. After the election the AEC provides detailed election results. The AEC is answerable to the Joint Standing Committee on Electoral Matters of the Parliament of Australia. It reports to Parliament on how elections were carried out and the success of the elections in general.

References

Other websites
The Australian Electoral Commission website

Government agencies of Australia
Organizations based in Canberra
Elections
1984 establishments in Australia
The National Labor Party was an Australian political party which only existed for three months. It was started  by Prime Minister Billy Hughes in November 1916. Hughes had taken over as leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and Prime Minister when Andrew Fisher resigned in 1915. Hughes formed the new party after he was forced out of the ALP a month after conscription was rejected by the people in the 1916 vote. Hughes still wanted conscription for World War I.
On 15 September 1916 the Labor Party in New South Wales forced Hughes from the Labor Party. On 14 November 1916, Hughes and 24 other Labor members walked out of a meeting of the Labor members of parliament. The remaining 43 members said they did not want Hughes to continue as their leader. Hughes and his followers formed a minority Government with support from the Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP) led by Joseph Cook. They said the Australian Labor Party was no longer  nationalist. They wanted a new party that would be both socially radical and nationalist.  

The National Labor Party had to depend on support from the Commonwealth Liberal Party to govern. In 1917 the two groups joined to form a new party, the Nationalist Party of Australia, with Hughes as leader. 

The National Labor Party was never a proper political party. It did not have any organisational structure. It did get support from some trade union officials and Labor Party branches, particularly in Western Australia and Tasmania.
Western Australia
The National Labor Party in Western Australia started off as two separate groups. One group was the Labor Solidarity Committee based in Perth. The other was National Labor based on the goldfields. The two joined in April-May 1917, led by former Premier John Scaddan. After he lost his seat in Parliament the party turned to Federal Senators Patrick Lynch, Hugh de Largie and George Pearce for leadership and guidance. Unlike the federal party, it did not join with the CLP and kept its own identity. It worked with the Nationalist Party as partners.

The party won six of 50 Assembly seats in the Western Australian state elections of 1917 and 1921. It also held three of 30 Council seats during this period. However, in 1924 elections they won only one seat in the Assembly and two in the Council. Later that year they were taken over by the Nationalists.
References
Australian Dictionary of Biography - Billy Hughes
Robertson, John R. (1958). The Scaddan government and the conscription crisis, 1911-17 : aspects of Western Australia's political history (thesis). University of Western Australia. Accessed in Scholars Centre, Reid Library, UWA.
Cusack, Danny. (2002). With an olive branch and a shillelagh: The political career of Senator Paddy Lynch (1867-1944) (thesis). Murdoch University. Accessed via Murdoch Digital Theses.

Political parties in Australia
1916 establishments
1910s establishments in Australia
1917 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in Australia
Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is forcing fractures in a rock layer, by fluid that is put under pressure. Although it can happen naturally, it is now used as a method to force oil and natural gas from shale.

History and method
Some hydraulic fractures form naturally: certain dykes are examples. This lets gas and petroleum from source rocks get to reservoir rocks. The first use of hydraulic fracturing to extract substances from rock was in 1947.
The modern fracturing technique, called 'horizontal slickwater fracturing', was first used in 1998. It made the extraction of shale gas economically practical. The energy from the injection of a highly pressurized fluid creates new channels in the rock. This increases the extraction rates and recovery of hydrocarbons, which are used for fuel. In 2010 it was estimated that 60% of all new oil and gas wells worldwide were being hydraulically fractured. As of the year 2012, 2.5 million hydraulic fracturing actions have been done on oil and gas wells worldwide, more than one million of them in the United States.

Advantages and disadvantages 
The supporters of hydraulic fracturing point to the economic benefits from the vast amounts of previously out-of-reach hydrocarbons.
Opponents of fracking point to potentially harmful environmental effects. These include contamination of ground water, risks to air quality, the migration of gases and hydraulic fracturing chemicals to the surface, surface contamination from spills and flowback, and the health effects of these. For these reasons hydraulic fracturing has come under examination. Some countries are suspending or banning it. 

In 2013, some of those countries, including the United Kingdom, lifted their bans.  Now they have regulations instead of outright prohibition.  Fracking can greatly increase the UK gas reserves.

References 

Fuel
Geothermal energy
Environmental issues
Deana Carter (born January 4, 1966) is an American country music singer. She began her career in 1994. In 1996, she had successful singles including Strawberry Wine and How Do I Get There. Carter was born in Nashville, Tennessee.

Awards and nominations

Country musicians from Tennessee
1966 births
Living people
Musicians from Nashville, Tennessee
Singers from Nashville, Tennessee
General Gabriele D'Annunzio, Prince of Montenevoso  (, , ; 12 March 1863 – 1 March 1938), sometimes written d'Annunzio, was an Italian writer, poet, journalist and playwright. He was nicknamed "Il Vate" (The Poet) and "Il Profeta" (The Prophet) and he was associated with the Decadent movement.

Works

Novels
Il piacere (1889)
Giovanni Episcopo (1891)
L'innocente (1892)
Il trionfo della morte (The Triumph of Death, 1894)
Le vergini delle rocce (The Maidens of the Rocks, 1895)
Il fuoco ( The Flame of Life: A Novel, 1900)
Forse che sì forse che no (1910)

Tragedies
La città morta (The Dead City: a Tragedy, 1899).
La Gioconda (Gioconda, 1899).
Francesca da Rimini (1902).
L'Etiopia in fiamme (1904).
La figlia di Jorio (1904).
La fiaccola sotto il moggio (1905).
La nave (1908).
Fedra (1909).

Short story collections
Terra vergine (1882)
Le novelle della Pescara (1884–1886)
Poetry collections
Primo vere (1879)
Canto novo (1882)
Poema paradisiaco (1893)
The five books of Laudi del cielo, del mare, della terra e degli eroi (1903–1912)
Maia (Canto Amebeo della Guerra) 
ElettraAlcyoneMerope
Asterope (La Canzone del Quarnaro)Ode alla nazione serba'' (1914)

Notes

Italian writers
Italian poets
Italian playwrights
1863 births
1938 deaths
Kathleen "Kathy" Mattea (born June 21, 1959, West Virginia) is an American Celtic recording artist and country musician. She had multiple strong-charting singles. Some of them are Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses and Where've You Been. Her career began in 1983.

Musicians from West Virginia
American country musicians
1959 births
Living people
Hiroshi H. Miyamura (October 6, 1925 – November 29, 2022), also known as Hershey Miyamura, was a United States Army soldier.  He received the Medal of Honor because of his actions in the Korean War.

Early life 
Miyamura was born in Gallup, New Mexico to Japanese immigrant parents. He is a Nisei, which means that he is a second generation Japanese-American.

Soldier
Miyamura joined the US Army in January 1945.

Miyamura volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei 100th Infantry Battalion.  This army unit was mostly made up of Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland.

After the end of World War II, he became part of the U.S. Army Reserve. He was called to active duty in the Korean War.  He was a prisoner of war for 28 months.

Medal of Honor citation

Miyamura's Medal of Honor recognized his conduct in frontline fighting in Korea in 1951. He fought in close quarters combat; and he stayed behind to provide covering fire while his unit withdrew.
Cpl. Miyamura, a member of Company H, distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy. On the night of 24 April, Company H was occupying a defensive position when the enemy fanatically attacked threatening to overrun the position. Cpl. Miyamura, a machinegun squad leader, aware of the imminent danger to his men unhesitatingly jumped from his shelter wielding his bayonet in close hand-to-hand combat killing approximately 10 of the enemy. Returning to his position, he administered first aid to the wounded and directed their evacuation. As another savage assault hit the line, he manned his machinegun and delivered withering fire until his ammunition was expended. He ordered the squad to withdraw while he stayed behind to render the gun inoperative. He then bayoneted his way through infiltrated enemy soldiers to a second gun emplacement and assisted in its operation
. When the intensity of the attack necessitated the withdrawal of the company Cpl. Miyamura ordered his men to fall back while he remained to cover their movement. He killed more than 50 of the enemy before his ammunition was depleted and he was severely wounded. He maintained his magnificent stand despite his painful wounds, continuing to repel the attack until his position was overrun. When last seen he was fighting ferociously against an overwhelming number of enemy soldiers. Cpl. Miyamura's indomitable heroism and consummate devotion to duty reflect the utmost glory on himself and uphold the illustrious traditions on the military service.
Namesake
An area in Gallup, New Mexico was named for Miyamura   The Hiroshi H. Miyamura High School is named after him.

An I-40 highway interchange is also named after him.  It is also called the Miyamura Overpass.

Related pages 
 List of living Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Korean War Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients

References

Other websites

1925 births
2022 deaths
People from Gallup, New Mexico
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Military people from New Mexico
Yorba Linda is a city in southern California, in the United States. It is approximately  northeast of Downtown Santa Ana, and  southeast of Downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census, there are 68,336 people living in the city. In 2006 it was identified as the richest city in the United States by the U.S. Census Bureau that shows a median household income of $121,075 higher than any other.

Yorba Linda is known to have big residential properties. It is also known to have 30 horse trails which are  in overall length.

Richard Nixon, President of the United States, from 1969 to 1974, and Vice President of the United States, from 1953 to 1961, was born there and is the most well known resident there, however his father moved there before it became a city.

History

Pre-colonization
This place was home to Native American tribes once.
Early years
In 1834, Jose Antonio Yorba's most successful son Bernardo Yorba (the city would be later be named after) was granted the  Rancho Cañón de Santa Ana by Mexican governor José Figueroa.

Founding
On November 2, 1967, Yorba Linda was incorporated as a city.

Recent times
In November 2008, the eastern part of the city was struck by a brush fire that destroyed 113 homes and damaged 50 other homes.

Geography
It is bordered by Anaheim on the south, Placentia on the west and southwest, Brea on the northwest, Chino Hills State Park on the north, and Corona on the east and bordered by the counties of San Bernardino and Riverside.

Yorba Linda is the sixth largest city in Orange County after Santa Ana, Irvine, Anaheim, Huntington Beach and Newport Beach.

The two nearest seismic faults are the Whittier Fault and the other is Chino Fault, both of which are part of the Elsinore Fault Zone.

Climate
Climate

Notable people
 Sabrina Bryan, The Cheetah Girls songstress and actress
 Danielle Fishel, actress Boy Meets World
 Alli Mauzey, Broadway actress, Wicked, Hairspray, Cry-Baby
 Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States, 36th Vice President of the United States, Senator and Congressman
 Audrina Patridge, actress The Hills
 Atreyu, heavy metal band formed in city in 1998

Places of Interest

 Birthplace of Richard Nixon
 Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum

References

Other websites
 City website 

 
1967 establishments in California
Sanaa Lathan (born September 19, 1971 in New York City, New York) is an American movie and stage performer who has also done television acts, including Family Matters and Moesha, the latter of which starred the singer Brandy.

Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
1971 births
Living people
Yoshihiko Noda  was Prime Minister of Japan from 2011 to 2012. He was leader of the Democratic Party of Japan (Minshuto). He was defeated by Shinzo Abe's party in an election in December 2012.

Noda was born in Funabashi, Chiba. His family was poor.

References

Prime Ministers of Japan
1957 births
Living people
Politicians from Chiba Prefecture
Holy Innocents is on December 28. It remembers the killing of the male children of Bethlehem by Herod, as recorded in the Gospel of Matthew. It is not known exactly when the church began celebrating this event. The first mention of the day dates to the year 485.

Related pages
Star of Bethlehem
The Twelve Days of Christmas

References

Christian holidays
December events
480s establishments
Over the centuries, differing churches and sects of Christianity have changed the actual traditions, time frame and their interpretations. St. Stephen's Day (or Boxing Day), for example, is 26 December in the Western Church and 27 December in the Eastern Church. 28 December is Childermas or the Feast of the Innocents. Currently, the twelve days and nights are celebrated in widely varying ways around the world. For example, some give gifts only on Christmas Day, some only on Twelfth Night, and some each of the twelve nights. The song "The Twelve Days of Christmas" is about this giving of gifts.

References

Related pages
Saint Stephen (December 26)
 Saint John the Apostle (December 27)
Holy Innocents' Day (December 28)
Epiphany (holiday) (January 6)

Christmas
Natalia Cigliuti (born September 6, 1978, New York City) is a television actress. She acted in many TV programs. The most popular of these include All My Children and Pacific Palisades.

References

Actors from New York (state)
1978 births
Living people
Epiphany is a word with several related meanings.

Originally, in Greek, it meant a striking appearance. Now it means:

Epiphany, a sudden insight to a puzzling problem, as in Eureka effect
Epiphany (holiday), a religious holiday, the feast of the Epiphany which celebrates the visit of the wise men to see Jesus
Epiphany (software)
Get Scraped is the debut full-length album by Canadian electronica producer, deadmau5. Get Scraped was released on July 26, 2005 on CD and was also released on June 12, 2006 for digital download.

The tracklist for the 2006 digital download version was rearranged. The 2006 version also featured the acoustic version of "Careless" which replaced both "Message from Nowhere" and "FlashTV".

Songs

Download (2006)

Other websites
Get Scraped at Allmusic

2005 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Vexillology is the second studio album by Canadian electronica producer, deadmau5. Vexillology was released on November 6, 2006.

The album is only of two of deadmau5's album that do not feature his signature "mau5head" on the cover art. The name of the album is from the study of flags and their symbols. (Vexillology)

Songs

Other websites
Vexillology at Discogs

2006 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Random Album Title is the first studio album by Canadian electronica producer, deadmau5. Random Album Title was released on November 6, 2006.

The album featured the hit singles "Faxing Berlin" and "I Remember" featuring Kaskade.

The song "Arguru" was written in memory of Juan Antonio Arguelles Rius, an audio-software developer and musician that died in a car accident.

Songs

References

2008 albums
Deadmau5 albums
For Lack of a Better Name is the fourth studio album by the Canadian electronica artist, deadmau5. It was first released on 22 September 2009 in North America by Ultra Records and deadmau5's record label Mau5trap and worldwide on 5 October 2009 by Virgin Records

The album featured the hit singles "Ghosts 'n' Stuff" featuring Rob Swire and "Strobe", which was featured in an episode of Epic Meal Time which deadmau5 guest starred in. The songs "FML" and "Hi Friend!" were both featured in an episode of Gossip Girl which deadmau5 also appeared on.

The song "Moar Ghosts 'n' Stuff" features samples from the 1957 movie The Brain from Planet Arous and the classical piece Funeral march by composer Frédéric Chopin.

Songs

References

2008 albums
Deadmau5 albums
4×4=12 is the fifth studio album by Canadian electronica artist, deadmau5. 4×4=12 was released on 6 December 2010 worldwide and was released on 7 December 2010 in the United States.

The name of the album is a reference to a moment on deadmau5's Ustream channel when he was explaining his live set up for shows and said, 'Yeah, it's in four banks of four, and that equals 16,' and they were like, 'Dude, that's 12'! Everyone started saying it over and over again, and it just caught on."

The album featured the singles "Some Chords", "Animal Rights" with Wolfgang Gartner, "Sofi Needs a Ladder" featuring SOFI and "Raise Your Weapon" featuring Greta Svabo Bech of Picture Book.

The album received a Nomination for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 54th Grammy Awards.

Songs

References

2010 albums
Deadmau5 albums
Virgin Records albums