Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Samuel James "Sugar Jim" Henry (October 23, 1920 – January 21, 2004) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. Henry played 406 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the New York Rangers, Chicago Black Hawks, and Boston Bruins.

Henry also played in the AHL for the New Haven Eagles/New Haven Ramblers and Indianapolis Capitals, as well as the USHL for the Kansas City Mohawks and the Omaha Knights. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 1959 after playing 9 games with the St. Paul Saints of the IHL. After he retired, Henry coached the Toledo Mercurys of the IHL for 1 season and the Brandon Wheat Kings of the SJHL for 1 season.

On October 7, 1948, he was involved in a trade which sent him to the Chicago Black Hawkss for Emile Francis and Alex Kaleta. He was inducted into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame & Museum in 2004. He died on January 21, 2004.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1920 births
2004 deaths
American Hockey League players
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Indianapolis Capitals players
New Haven Ramblers players
New York Rangers players
Sportspeople from Winnipeg
Frederick Hugh "Old Eagle Eyes" Lehman (October 27, 1885 – April 12, 1961) was a Canadian ice hockey goaltender and coach. He played 48 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Chicago Black Hawks.

He is best known for his time in the PCHL with the Vancouver Millionaires/Vancouver Maroons. He spent 9 years with the franchise and won a Stanley Cup with them in 1914. He then spent 1 year with Chicago Black Hawks of the NHL and split the second year to coach them.

After he retired, he worked in the road construction business and became the president of a paving company. Lehman was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958.

References

Other websites 

1885 births
1961 deaths
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Stanley Cup champions
Poul Holmskov Schlüter (, 3 April 1929 – 27 May 2021) was a Danish politician. He served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 1982 to 1993. He was also a member of the European Parliament from 1994 until 1999.

Schlüter died on 27 May 2021 in Copenhagen, aged 92.

References

Other websites

1929 births
2021 deaths
Prime Ministers of Denmark
MEPs for Denmark
Klute is a 1971 American mystery thriller movie directed by Alan J. Pakula. It is set in New York City. It stars Donald Sutherland, Jane Fonda, Charles Cioffi, Lee Wallace, Sylvester Stallone, Jean Stapleton, and Roy Scheider. It was released on June 25, 1971. Fonda won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for her role.

Other websites 

1970s mystery movies
1971 mystery movies
1971 thriller movies
Academy Award winning movies
American mystery movies
American thriller movies
1970s English-language movies
Film noir
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies about prostitution
Movies set in New York City
Warner Bros. movies
Movies directed by Alan J. Pakula
Mike Leigh, OBE (born 20 February 1943) is an English screenwriter, movie director and actor. His best known movies are Life Is Sweet (1990), Naked (1993), Secrets & Lies (1996), Career Girls (1997), Topsy-Turvy (1999), All or Nothing (2002), and Vera Drake (2004).

Leigh was born in Brocket Hall, Welwyn, Hertfordshire. He was bought up in Broughton, Salford, Lancashire. He is Jewish. He was married to actress Alison Steadman from 1973 until they divorced in 2001. They have two sons, Toby and Leo. Leigh lives in Camden, London.

References

Other websites

 

1943 births
Actors from Hertfordshire
Actors from Lancashire
English movie actors
English movie directors
English playwrights
English screenwriters
English television directors
English television writers
Jewish British actors
Jewish British writers
Living people
People from Salford
Republicans
Writers from Hertfordshire
Writers from Lancashire
Catherine Martin (born 26 January 1965) is an Australian costume designer, production designer, set designer, and movie producer. She has won two Academy Awards for Moulin Rouge! (2001) in 2002 and another two for The Great Gatsby (2013) in 2014. This makes her the most awarded Australian in Oscar history.

Martin was born in Lindfield, Sydney, New South Wales. She is married to movie director Baz Luhrmann. They have two children.

References

Other websites
 
 

1965 births
Living people
Australian movie producers
Costume designers
People from Sydney
Best Costume Design Academy Award winners
BAFTA Award winners
Tony Award winners
Set designers
Qamar-ud-din Khan Siddiqi, Asaf Jah I is the first ruler of Hyderabad Kingdom in 1720. He is the founder of Asaf Jahi dynasty.

Personal life
Asaf Jah was married to Sayed-UnNissa Begum, who belonged to a Sayed family from Gulbarga With this marriage he had four children, two daughters and two sons; Ghazi-Uddin and Nasir Jung. From other wives he had four more sons; Salabat Jung, Nizam Ali Khan-(later Nizam II), Basalat Jung, and Mogal Ali Khan.

References

1671 births
1748 deaths
Indian monarchs
Nizams of Hyderabad
18th century in India
Non-coding DNA sequences are parts of an organism's DNA which do not code for protein sequences. It is often called junk DNA.

Some non-coding DNA is transcribed into functional non-coding RNA molecules (e.g. transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, and regulatory RNAs). Other DNA sequences are not transcribed, or give rise to RNA transcripts of unknown function. The amount of non-coding DNA varies greatly between species. For example, over 98% of the human genome is noncoding DNA, while only about 2% of a typical bacterial genome is non-coding DNA.

At first, much non-coding DNA had no known biological function. It was called junk DNA, particularly in the press. But many non-coding sequences are functional. These include genes for functional RNA molecules and DNA sequences such as "start replication" signals, centromeres, and telomeres.

Other noncoding sequences have not-yet-discovered functions. This is inferred from the high levels of sequence similarity seen in different species of DNA.
The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project suggested in September 2012 that over 80% of DNA in the human genome "serves some purpose, biochemically speaking".  This conclusion was strongly criticized by some other scientists.

Historical note 
The term "junk DNA" was first used by Charles Ehret and Gérard de Haller in a paper. Widely influential was Susuno Ohno's 1972 paper. The term has been replaced by the more neutral term "non-coding DNA".

References 

DNA
Time of My Life is a 2011 Philippine drama billed as a "danserye" (dance TV series), created and developed by GMA Network, starring Mark Herras and Kris Bernal. It premiered on August 1, 2011 on GMA Network in the Philippines and on August 3, 2011 on GMA Pinoy TV.

Post-production
The very first danserye is based on original concept created for GMA Television by Senedy Que with head writer Des Garbes Severino, choreographers Miggy Tanchanco (modern) and Donald Balbuena (ballroom), and directors Mark Reyes (musicals) and Andoy Ranay (drama). In 2010 it was planned for a working title Jump. It is supposed to be replacing Tween Hearts but the GMA Network decided to put it on the Primetime block. The show is slated for 2011 despite 2010. Several auditions across the Philippines were held. And the auditionees were seen in Party Pilipinas (until it was premiered on August 2011), with a working title Time of My Life.

References 

2010s reality television series
Quantitative easing (QE) is something a central bank can do to help the economy. It is done by buying bonds or other assets. With this, the interest rate will decrease and the rate of inflation will go up. It is usually used when inflation is very low or negative. It is used when normal expansionary monetary policy doesn't work.

Quantitative easing can help bring an economy out of recession. The International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Federal Reserve, and other economists say that quantitative easing after the 2007-2008 financial crisis helped stop some problems from getting worse.

QE is used by the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan. It has helped to cause a bull market on stock exchanges.

History
The US Federal Reserve used policies similar to quantitative easing during the Great Depression of the 1930s.
Japan before 2007 
A policy called "quantitative easing" (量的金融緩和, ryōteki kin'yū kanwa) was first used by the Bank of Japan (BOJ) to stop domestic deflation in the early 2000s. The BOJ had kept short-term interest rates at close to zero since 1999. The Bank of Japan had for many years, and as late as February 2001, said that "quantitative easing ... is not effective". They did not like to use it for monetary policy.

The Bank of Japan says that they started quantitative easing on 19 March 2001.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Credit Easing Policy Tools Interactive chart of the assets on Federal Reserve's balance sheet.
 Deflation: Making Sure "It" Doesn't Happen Here, 2002 speech by Ben Bernanke on deflation and the utility of quantitative easing
 Bank of England – Quantitative Easing
 Bank of England – QE Explained Pamphlet
 Modern Money Mechanics  Federal Reserve Document Explaining How Money Is Created
 Quantitative easing explained (Financial Times Europe)
 A Fed Governor Discusses Quantitative Easing Among Other Topics

Economics
The four verb aspects in English (simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous) can be combined with the past, present, and future to create 12 verb forms.

References

Grammar
Officer candidate schools or Officer Cadet Schools (OCS) are military institutions which train civilians and enlisted personnel to be officers in the armed forces of a country. Different countries and services run their Officer Candidate schools differently. Most schools are for less than one year. An OCS is different from a service academies which include academic instruction leading to a Bachelor degree. Another difference is that an OCS is taught almost exclusively by the military.

References

Other websites 

 Officer Candidate Schools 
Educational institutions

Military organizations
Loch Sheldrake is a hamlet and  census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Fallsburg, New York, in Sullivan County, New York. The zip code for Loch Sheldrake is 12759.

The community was originally named Sheldrake before the railroad came. Because it sat next to a lake it was renamed Loch Sheldrake. The pond there was also renamed Loch Sheldrake Lake. It is bordered by the hamlet of Hurleyville, the Town of Liberty, the hamlet of Hasbrouck, the hamlet of Divine Corners, and the hamlet of Woodbourne. The commercial center of Loch Sheldrake is the intersection of County Road 104 and New York State Route 52, at the edge of Loch Sheldrake lake.

Notes

References 

Hamlets in New York (state)
Census-designated places in New York (state)
Kitty Hawk is a town in northeastern North Carolina. It is on the Outer Banks. There were 3,272 people living there at the 2010 census.

In 1903, Kitty Hawk got famous when the Wright brothers made the first powered airplane flight at Kill Devil Hills on December 17.

Towns in North Carolina
Kill Devil Hills is a town in the northeast region of North Carolina. At the 2010 census, 6,683 people lived there. The Wright brothers had their first powered airplane flight in 1903.

The town received municipal charters in 1953.

Towns in North Carolina
Ocean City is a town in southeast Maryland. It is near the Atlantic Ocean. The town had 7,102 people as of the 2010 census. Between 320,000 and 345,000 people visit the town every year.

The town was founded in 1875. It was incorporated five years later.

1875 establishments in the United States
Towns in Maryland
19th-century establishments in Maryland
The 120th Infantry Regiment ("Third North Carolina") is an infantry regiment of the United States Army National Guard. The unit is a part of the 30th Heavy Brigade Combat Team of the North Carolina Army National Guard. Currently, 1st Battalion is the only active battalion in the regiment. The 1st Battalion, 120th Infantry Regiment (1/120th IN) is headquartered in Wilmington, North Carolina. The 2nd Battalion, 120th Infantry Regiment was most famous for its actions in the Battle of Mortain. There they stopped a German advance. This allowed an American breakout from 7-13 August 1944. The 2/120th's actions kept the American forces moving as Allied forces pushed through Northern France after the Normandy invasion.

References 

United States Army
The 75th Infantry Division was a division of the United States Army in World War II. It was also active from 1952 to 1957 as a combat division of the United States Army Organized Reserves. The 75th was activated 15 April 1943, at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri.

In 1993, the division was activated again as the 75th Division (Training Support) in the Army Reserve, and remains active. In January 2003, numerous units of the 75th Division (Training Support) were mobilized to train other Army Reserve and National Guard units deploying overseas in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom  (OIF/OEF). Several of the division's units remain mobilized even to the present day.

References 

United States Army
1943 establishments in the United States
1990s establishments in Missouri
1957 disestablishments
1950s disestablishments in the United States
1993 establishments in the United States
20th-century disestablishments in Missouri
Luann Bambrough (also L'Wren Scott; April 28, 1964 – March 17, 2014) was an American model and fashion designer. She was the girlfriend of singer Mick Jagger for the last 13 years of her life.

Scott made costumes for many movies, such as Eyes Wide Shut.

Scott was born in New York City. She was adopted and was raised in Utah.

Death
On March 17, 2014, she was found dead in her Manhattan apartment. She committed suicide by hanging.

References

American adoptees
American fashion designers
Models from New York City
Models who committed suicide
People from New York City
People from Utah
Suicides by hanging in the United States
1964 births
2014 deaths
Marek Galiński (1 August 1974 – 17 March 2014) was a Polish professional mountain biker. He won eight Polish national championship titles. He also competed for Poland in the Summer Olympics in 1996, 2000, 2004, and 2008. He was born in Opoczno.

Galiński was killed in a car accident on 17 March 2014 in Jędrzejów. He was 39 years old. He was outlived by wife and two children.

References

Other websites
 Marek Galiński at Cycling Archives

1974 births
2014 deaths
1996 Summer Olympics
2000 Summer Olympics
2004 Summer Olympics
2008 Summer Olympics

Polish cyclists
Polish Olympians
Road accident deaths
Clarissa Theresa Philomena Aileen Mary Josephine Agnes Elsie Trilby Louise Esmerelda Dickson Wright (24 June 1947 – 15 March 2014) was an English celebrity chef, television personality, businesswoman and barrister. She was best known as one half, along with the late Jennifer Paterson, of BBC Two's Two Fat Ladies (1996–99). She was born in St John's Wood, London. She was a Roman Catholic.

Dickson Wright died on 15 March 2014 in Edinburgh, Scotland, having been in hospital for several weeks. She was 66 years old. She was outlived by her two sisters.

References

Other websites
 

1947 births
2014 deaths
British chefs
British lawyers
Businesspeople from London
Disease-related deaths in Scotland
English Roman Catholics
Television personalities from London
Writers from London
Gary Bettenhausen (November 18, 1941 – March 16, 2014) was an American auto racing driver. He was inducted in the National Sprint Car Hall of Fame in 1993. He was born in Blue Island, Illinois and was raised in Tinley Park, Illinois.

Bettenhausen died on March 16, 2014 in Monrovia, Indiana. He was 72 years old.

References

Other websites
 Gary Bettenhausen at Racing Reference

1941 births
2014 deaths
American racecar drivers
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from Illinois
Caernarfon Castle is a castle in Wales. It is a World Heritage Site.

References

Castles in Wales
World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom

Grade I listed buildings in Wales
13th-century buildings and structures‎
The Castle of Mey is a castle on the far north coast of Scotland in the county of Caithness. It is best known as the home of the late Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.

References

Castles in Scotland
16th-century buildings and structures
Buildings and structures in Highland
Blarney Castle is a 15th-century castle in County Cork in Ireland. Blarney is in the historic Irish Province of Munster. The Blarney Stone is in the castle. The Blarney Stone is one of the biggest tourist attractions in Ireland.

Description
Blarney Castle is a well preserved 15th century building. It is in the small town of Blarney, County Cork in Ireland. Blarney is about 6 miles northwest of the city of Cork. There are not many good buildings in County Cork that were built before the 19th century. The castle is also one of Ireland's oldest and most historic castles. The walls of the castle are up to 18 feet thick.

History
Blarney Castle was built in 1446 by Dermot MacCarthy. He was King of South Munster. The castle is the third building on the site. The first was built of wood. In about 1210 a stone building was built in place of the wooden one. Finally, in 1446 the current castle was built by MacCarthy.
Queen Elizabeth I of England wanted the castle. She told the Earl of Leicester to get it for her. However, he was never able to get it because MacCarthy always made excuses to stop it happening.

Oliver Cromwell's army won the castle by force. They did not capture the soldiers living in it though. They had escaped through tunnels and caves underneath.

The Blarney Stone
The Blarney Stone is a slab of limestone. The size of the stone is about 4 feet long and 1 foot wide. It is built into the castle's battlements 83 feet up from the ground.

There are lots of myths about where the stone came from. Some say it came from the prophet Jeremiah. Some say it came from Stonehenge. It is supposed to have been given to Dermot MacCarthy by Robert the Bruce. The gift was for help fighting against the English at the 1314 battle of Bannockburn.

In 2014 scientists in Scotland examined a piece of the stone. They found that it was a piece of limestone from close to the castle. The stone is about 330 million years old.
Tourist attraction

The Blarney stone is one of Ireland's biggest tourist attractions. Hundreds of tourists visit Blarney Castle every day. The visitors go to kiss the Blarney Stone. People think that kissing the stone will give them the "gift of the gab" (make them good at talking). There is usually a long queue of people waiting to kiss it. To kiss the stone people have to lie on their backs and let their heads hang back over a ledge.

References

Castles in the Republic of Ireland
County Cork
15th-century buildings and structures
Devon Werkheiser (born March 8, 1991 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American actor, voice actor, singer-songwriter and musician. He is best known for his role as Ned Bigby in the Nickelodeon sitcom Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide. He is also known for his role as main character Nolan Byrd in the TV movie Shredderman Rules. Werkheiser was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He was raised in Johns Creek, Georgia.

References

Other websites

Official website 

1991 births
Living people
Actors from Atlanta
American child actors
American child singers
American movie actors
American pop musicians
American television actors
American singer-songwriters
American voice actors
Singers from Atlanta
During the Second World War, the Order of Leopold was awarded to officers of foreign militaries who had helped to liberate Belgium from the occupation of German forces. Famous recipients include Brand Whitlock, George S. Patton, Bernard Montgomery, Dwight Eisenhower, and Wesley Clark. Medal of Honor recepient Sergeant Francis S. Currey was awarded the Order of Leopold for his actions at Malmedy, Belgium in late 1944. The medal was also granted to Karel Bossart in 1962, and Josip Broz Tito in 1970.

References 

Orders, decorations, and medals
Belgian culture
Jack Albert Kinzler (January 9, 1920 – March 4, 2014) was an American NASA engineer. He was the chief of the Technical Services Center at NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. He was known within the agency as Mr. Fix It. He was awarded the NASA Distinguished Service Medal for creating the solar shield that saved Skylab. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Kinzler died from natural causes on March 4, 2014 in Taylor Lake Village, Texas. He was 94 years old.

References

Other websites
 

1920 births
2014 deaths
Engineers from Pennsylvania
NASA
Scientists from Pittsburgh
The prickly pear is Opuntia: a genus in the cactus family, Cactaceae. There are about 190 different species of Opuntia. 

The genus is named after the Ancient Greek city of Opus. There, according to Theophrastus, an edible plant grew which could be propagated by rooting its leaves.  

Prickly pears (mostly Opuntia stricta) were originally imported into Australia in the 18th century for gardens. They were later used as a natural agricultural fencing.  They quickly became a widespread invasive weed. They changed  of farming land into an impenetrable green jungle of prickly pear, in places  high.
In 1919, the Australian federal government established the Commonwealth Prickly Pear Board to coordinate efforts with state governments to eradicate the weed. Early attempts at mechanical removal and poisonous chemicals failed, so in a last resort, biological control was attempted. There is a moth, Cactoblastis cactorum, from South America, whose larvae eat prickly pear. It was introduced in 1925 and rapidly reduced the cactus population. A memorial hall in Chinchilla (Queensland) commemorates the moth. This is one of the earliest known examples of the biological control of pests.

References 

Cactaceae
A magnetic field line or magnetic flux line shows the direction of a magnet's force and the strength of a magnet. 

The idea of lines of force was invented by Michael Faraday. His theory is that all of reality is made up of force itself. His theory predicts that electricity, light, and gravity have finite propagation delays. Einstein's theory agrees with this. 

One can make magnetic field lines show as if they were physical phenomena. For example, iron filings placed in a magnetic field line up to form lines that correspond to 'field lines'.
If there are a lot of lines through a magnet and not a great space between them, the magnet is strong. If the lines between a magnet are far apart and there aren't many lines, the magnet is weak. A way of determining the strength of a magnet is to do an experiment with iron filings. The iron filings will get attracted to the magnet and move into the shape of the flux lines. You then look at the shape of the iron filings and see the gap between the flux lines. This gives you an idea of the strength of the magnet. 

The use of iron filings to display a field alters the magnetic field so that it is much larger along the "lines" of iron. This caused by the large permeability of iron relative to air. Magnetic fields' "lines" are also visually displayed in polar auroras, when particles cause visible streaks of light that line up with the local direction of Earth's magnetic field.
The actual magnetic field itself does not have "lines" in it; the "lines" are solely the iron filings becoming polarized themselves, reacting to each other and the field, lining up N and S with respect to each other in the field. If you could see the actual fields of force, it would be shaded and gradient, with a heavier, thicker shade near the stronger part of the magnet, fading the further you get from the source. And in all 3 dimensions, which iron filing demonstrations cannot reproduce. Ferrofluids will react in all 3 dimensions and can more accurately reproduce a field, except for gravity creating a weight restriction. Holding a strong magnet in front of a CRT-type monitor with a white screen can also give a representation of the fields, without any "lines of force" visible. The issue with using ferro/magnetic materials to view a field is, the materials themselves become magnetized and change the original field to include their own influence.

References 

Magnetism
The thorny devil (Moloch horrid us) is also called the thorny dragon, Moloch, or mountain devil. It is an Australian lizard, that lives in desert regions of central Australia.

The thorny devil grows up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long and can live for 15 to 20 years. The females are larger than the males. Most of these lizards are colored in camouflaging shades of desert browns and tans. These colors change from pale colors during warm weather and to darker colors during cold weather. These animals are covered entirely with conical spines that are mostly uncalcified (not bony).

Female thorny devils lay ten eggs during the September-December season (or Spring-Summer). They put the eggs in a burrow about 30 cm deep. These eggs hatch after about three or four months, but not all babies will survive, because of predators like wild birds and goannas.

Habitat 
The thorny devil is found in the arid regions of central Australia. It lives in sand, spinifex grasslands and scrub.
Diet
They only eat ants, and may eat thousands of ants in a day. The thorny devil's mouth is so specialized that it can only use it to eat ants, for example it cannot lick up water, and has developed other ways to drink. Ideally adapted to its harsh, desert habitat, it uses narrow channels between the scales on its stomach and legs to collect morning dew and water from damp or wet sand. The water travels up these channels to the lizard’s mouth.

References 

Reptiles of Australia
Iguania
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network layer protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address (called a DLC address), such as an Ethernet address. A host wishing to obtain a physical address broadcasts an ARP request onto the TCP/IP network. The host on the network that has the IP address in the request then replies with its physical hardware address.
There is also Reverse ARP (RARP) which can be used by a host to discover its IP address. In this case, the host broadcasts its physical address and a RARP server replies with the host's IP address.

Computer protocols
Markus Brüderlin (1958 – 16 March 2014) was a Swiss art historian, curator and writer. From 2006 to his death, he was the director of the Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg. He was born in Basel.

Brüderlin died unexpectedly on 16 March 2014 at his home in Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany. He was 55 years old.

References

Other websites
 Markus Brüderlin  at the Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg website 
 

1958 births
2014 deaths
Swiss artists
Swiss historians
Writers from Basel
Summerhill School is an independent British boarding school which was founded in 1921 by A.S. Neill (Alexander Sutherland Neill). He believed the school should fit the child, not than the other way around.

Summerhill is run as a democratic community. Decisions are made in school meetings, which anyone, staff or pupil, may attend, and at which everyone has an equal vote. These meetings serve as both a legislative and judicial body. Summerhill is the oldest "children's democracy" in the world. It is probably the most famous alternative or 'free' school.

Members of the community are free to do as they please, so long as their actions do not cause any harm to others, according to Neill's principle "Freedom, not Licence". This extends to the freedom for pupils to choose which lessons, if any, they attend.

The school is not large. It varies 6080 boys and girls with ages ranging from 5 to 17. The school is now owned by Zoë Readhead, the daughter of A.S. Neill.
Does it work? 
Apparently it does. The most recent OFSTED inspection of the school reported:
"Evaluation of the school:
Summerhill School provides a good quality of education. It meets all the regulatory requirements for independent schools, which is an improvement from the last inspection. All the points for development outlined in the previous report have been addressed. The school meets its aims very successfully. Strengths of the school include outstanding pupils’ spiritual, moral, social and cultural development and outstanding promotion of pupils’ welfare health and safety, including effective safeguarding procedures. Pupils’ behaviour is outstanding and they make good progress. The curriculum and teaching and assessment are good. The national minimum standards for boarding schools are met and overall effectiveness for the boarding experience is outstanding". OFSTED: Summerhill School, 2011.
The school did have trouble with OFSTED in the past:
"In March 2000, after a damning report from an OfSTED (Office for Standards in Education) inspection in March 1999, which demanded changes to the Summerhill philosophy, the school won an historic legal battle against the DfEE (Department for Education and Employment) when it defended the rights and voices of its children at an Independent Schools Tribunal". (School website)

Fees 
Annual fees are significantly less than most independent schools:
Day pupils £3,735–£8,931
Boarders £8,568–£14,889

Books about Summerhill
Books by A.S. Neill 
A Dominie's Log. Herbert Jenkins, 1916; Hart, 1975
A Dominie in Doubt. Herbert Jenkins, 1921; Hart, 1975
A Dominie Abroad. Herbert Jenkins, 1923
The Problem Child. Herbert Jenkins, 1926; McBride, 1928
The Problem Parent. Herbert Jenkins, 1932
That Dreadful School. Herbert Jenkins, 1937
Hearts not Heads in the School. Herbert Jenkins, 1945
The Problem Family. Herbert Jenkins, 1949; Hermitage Press, 1949
The Free Child. Herbert Jenkins, 1953
Summerhill. Gollancz, 1962; Penguin, 1968; Hart 1960
Freedon not License! Hart 1966
Talking of Summerhill. Gollancz, 1967
Neill! Neill! Orange Peel! A personal view of ninety years. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973; Quartet, 1977. New York: Hart. ISBN 978-0-671-81300-0
Other authors 
Summerhill, a loving World. Photographs by Herb Snitzer, Macmillan, 1964
Neill & Summerhill, a man and his work. A pictorial study by John Walmsley, Penguin Education, 1969
Inside Summerhill. Photographs by Joshua Popenoe, Hart, 1969
Summerhill: For and Against: assessments of A.S. Neill. Harold Hart (ed). Hart, 1970; Angus & Robertson, 1973 (includes essays by Bruno Bettleheim, John Holt, Sylvia Ashton- Warner, Paul Goodman, Fred Hechinger, Erich Fromm).
Summerhill Diary. Bjarne Segefjord, Gollancz, 1971
Fifty Years of Freedom: A.S. Neill and the evolution of the Summerhill idea. Ray Hemmings, Allen & Unwin 1972
Record of a Friendship: the correspondence of Wilhelm Reich and A.S. Neill. Beverley R. Placzek (ed) Gollancz, 1981. 
All the best, Neill, letters from Summerhill. Jonathan Croall (ed) Andre Deutsch 1983. 
Neill of Summerhill, the permanent rebel. Jonathan Croall, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1983. 
The new Summerhill. Albert Lamb (ed) Penguin Education, 1992.
Real Education, Varieties of Freedom. David Gribble, Lib Ed, 1998. 
Summerhill and A.S.Neill. Mark Vaughan (ed) Open University Press 2006. Contributions from Zoë Readhead and Ian Stronach. Introduction by Tim Brighouse. 
After Summerhill: what happened to the pupils of Britain's most radical school? Hussein Lucas 2011  Herbert Adler
Schools in England
1921 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in England
Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) 
 is a computer communication technology that proposes to substitute specialized network hardware with software running on regular computers or cloud.

It aims to reduce costs and complexity in communication networks, while facilitating faster creation of new communication services.

References

Internet
Computer networking
Telecommunications
Frightwig is an American punk rock band. It was founded in 1982. All of the members are women. They are feminists. Deanna Ashley and Mia Levin started the band in San Francisco. In 1984, they released their first album Cat Farm Faboo. In 1986, their second album was released. In 1993 they released an extended play called Phone Sexy. In 1994 the band broke up. The band got back together in 2012.

References

1980s American music groups
1982 establishments in California
1990s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American feminists
American punk bands
Musical groups established in 1982
Musical groups from San Francisco
Carrickfergus Castle is a Norman castle in Carrickfergus, County Antrim in Northern Ireland. It was built in 1177 by John de Courcy.

References

Castles in Northern Ireland
County Antrim
1177 establishments
12th-century buildings and structures
Dunluce Castle is a medieval castle on the north coast of County Antrim in Northern Ireland. It is east of Portrush.

References

Castles in Northern Ireland
County Antrim
13th-century buildings and structures
Rachel Donelson Jackson (June 15, 1767 – December 22, 1828) was the wife of Andrew Jackson, the seventh president. She died before her husband's inauguration. She was never First Lady.

Early life
Young Rachel was very pretty, with dark brown hair and beautiful eyes. Her family moved from Virginia to Nashville, Tennessee. The Robards family was quite wealthy and important in Nashville. Rachel was married to Captain Lewis Robards in Kentucky. She met Andrew Jackson while living with her mother. Andrew was staying at her mother's house. One time, she sent a letter home asking one of her brothers to come to Kentucky. She wanted to go home again. Jackson went to Kentucky instead of her brother.
Remarriage 
Rachel Donelson Robards and Andrew Jackson wanted to get married. They could not because Rachel was already married to Lewis Robards. She tried to get a divorce in 1790. She and Andrew thought that her husband would get a divorce. They got married in 1791 in the town of Natchez, Mississippi. Their marriage was unlawful (against the law). She and Andrew tried to get a real divorce until 1794. They married again in 1794 when her marriage with Lewis Robards ended. No one knows if she knew that she broke the law.

Rachel moved to the Hermitage outside Nashville with Andrew. They were quite wealthy. They owned many slaves on their plantation. Rachel managed the household. She ran the plantation while Andrew was away.
Rachel died in 1828. This was the year her husband Andrew became president. He thought she died because other people said mean things about her. They talked about her marriage. Many people said she broke the law to marry Andrew on purpose. This made her very sad. She was buried in a corner of the Hermitage garden.

What people remember
People thought Rachel and Andrew were very different. Andrew was tall, important, and neat. Rachel was short, quiet, and common. One girl who visited their house would not have guessed that they were married. She thought they were too different. The visitor said that Rachel was kind and motherly, not elegant or graceful. Rachel had lived in the frontier (newly-lived in areas) her whole life. She had no reason to become elegant.
Rachel loved Andrew very much. She was sad every time he went away. Once she travelled to meet him, it was not common for women to do. She was very worried when he was in danger. She became quite sick from stress. Her marriage was very important to her. A visitor once said that their love was very great. Andrew Jackson always treated Rachel like she was the best thing in his life. Rachel was always devoted to Andrew.

References

1767 births
1828 deaths
18th-century American people
People from Virginia
Mareike Carrière (26 July 1954 – 17 March 2014) was a German actress, spokesperson and translator. She was best known for having television show appearances. She was born in Hanover, Lower Saxony, West Germany.

Carrière died from cancer on 17 March 2014 in Hamburg, Germany. She was 59 years old. She was outlived by her husband and by her brother, Mathieu.

References

Other websites

  
 

1954 births
2014 deaths
Cancer deaths in Germany
German movie actors
German stage actors
German television actors
People from Hanover
Radio personalities
German translators
Cocteau Twins were a Scottish rock band. Robin Guthrie and Will Heggie started the band in 1979 in Grangemouth. The band was named after the song "The Cocteau Twins" by Johnny and the Self-Abusers. The band's first album Garlands was released by 4AD records in 1982. In 1996 the band released their last album Milk and Kisses. In 1997 the band broke up.

1979 establishments in the United Kingdom
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
1997 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Musical groups established in 1979
Musical groups disestablished in 1997
Scottish rock bands
20th-century establishments in Scotland
Doku (Dokka) Khamatovich Umarov (; ; also called by the Arabized name of "Dokka Abu Usman") (13 April 1964 – reported March 18, 2014) was a Chechen Islamist militant in Russia. Umarov claimed responsibly for some attacks on Russian civilians. This earned himself a media nickname of "Russia's Bin Laden".

Umarov was the first emir of the Caucasus Emirate (from 2007 to 2013).

On 18 March 2014, the Russian government said that Umarov was dead.

References

Other websites
 Profile: Doku Umarov, BBC News

1964 births
2014 deaths
People from Chechnya
Heads of state
Muslim terrorists
Russian military people
Franco Zeffirelli, KBE (12 February 1923 – 15 June 2019) was an Italian director and producer of movies and television. He was also an opera director and a designer of Italian operas. 

He was a former senator of Catania (1994–2001). His political party was the Forza Italia party.

He received an honorary knighthood from the British government in 2004 when he was created a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.

Zeffirelli was born Gianfranco Zeffirelli on 12 February 1923 in Florence, Italy. He was openly gay. In 2007 and 2018, he was accused of sexually harassing an actor and a movie director. Zeffirelli died after a long illness on 15 June 2019 in Rome at the age of 96.

References

Other websites

 
 

1923 births
2019 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Italy
LGBT directors
LGBT producers
LGBT politicians
Gay men
Italian LGBT people
Italian movie producers
Italian movie directors
Italian theatre directors
Theatre producers
Politicians from Florence
Television producers
Fouad Mebazaa ( ; born 15 June 1933) is a Tunisian politician. He was the President of Tunisia from 15 January 2011 to 13 December 2011.

References

Other websites

1933 births
Living people
Presidents of Tunisia
Prime Ministers of Tunisia
Speakers of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People
Moncef Marzouki (, al-Munṣif al-Marzūqī, born 7 July 1945) is a Tunisian politician. On 12 December 2011, he was elected President of Tunisia. He served as Interim President of Tunisia from 2011 to 2014.

A failed presidential candidate, Chahed came in eleventh place in the 2019 election.

In November 2021, Moncef Marzouki was the subject of an international arrest warrant for endangering state security.

References

1945 births
Living people
Presidents of Tunisia
Alexander Petrovich Pochinok (12 January 1958 – 16 March 2014 ) was a Russian economist and politician. He was the Minister of Taxes and Levies from 1999 to 2000 and Minister of Labor and Social Development from 2000 to 2004.

Pochinok died of cardiac arrest on 16 March 2014, in Moscow, aged 56.

References

1958 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Russian politicians
Oswald Norman Morris OBE, DFC, AFC, BSC (22 November 191517 March 2014) was a British Academy Award-winning cinematographer. He was known for his works in Fiddler on the Roof and in Goodbye, Mr. Chips. 

Morris died at his home in Dorset, England, at the age of 98.

References

Other websites
 Oswald Morris at the Internet Movie Database

Academy Award winning cinematographers
BAFTA Award winners
British cinematographers
People from Middlesex
1915 births
2014 deaths
Stephen K. Weeks (born June 30, 1958) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender and current goaltending coach of the Chicago Blackhawks. Weeks played 13 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the New York Rangers, Hartford Whalers, Vancouver Canucks, New York Islanders, Los Angeles Kings, and Ottawa Senators.

He was drafted with the 176th overall pick by the New York Rangers in the 1978 NHL Entry Draft.
He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 1993. After he retired, he became the goaltending consultant and also an assistant coach for the Hartford Whalers/Carolina Hurricanes organization. After his time there was done, he became the goaltending coach for the Atlanta Thrashers in the 2008. On August 12, 2013, he was hired by the Chicago Blackhawks as their Goaltending Coach.

References

Other websites
Other websites

1958 births
Living people
Binghamton Whalers players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Hartford Whalers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Los Angeles Kings players
New Haven Nighthawks players
New York Islanders players
New York Rangers players
Ottawa Senators players
Vancouver Canucks players
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Central Professional Hockey League players
(April 1, 1907 – July 27, 2014) was a Japanese and American Rōshi Rinzai Zen teacher. He lived in the United States since 1962. He started the Mount Baldy Zen Center, near Mount Baldy in California. He was also its head abbot.

Joshu Sasaki died at Cedars Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles on July 27, 2014, aged 107.

References

Other websites

 Kyozan Joshu Sasaki at the Mount Baldy Zen Center website

1907 births
2014 deaths
American Buddhists
American centenarians
Japanese centenarians
Japanese educators
Buddhist monks
Angry Birds Epic is a role-playing video game developed by Chimera Entertainment and published by Rovio Entertainment. The game was available on iOS in Australia, Canada and New Zealand on March 12, 2014 and was released worldwide on June 12, 2014.

Related pages 
 Angry Birds
 Angry Birds Space
 Angry Birds Go!
 Bad Piggies
 Amazing Alex

References

Role-playing video games
Scott Niedermayer (born August 31, 1973) is a Canadian retired ice hockey defenceman and current assistant coach of the Anaheim Ducks. He played 18 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the New Jersey Devils and Anaheim Ducks.

Career
Before playing in the NHL, Niedermayer played 2 seasons with the Kamloops Blazers of the WHL. He was drafted with the 3rd overall pick by the New Jersey Devils in the 1991 NHL Entry Draft. He played 12 seasons with the New Jersey Devils and 5 seasons with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim/Anaheim Ducks. During his time in New Jersey, he reached the Stanley Cup Finals four times and won three Stanley Cups with the team. He was also able to win the James Norris Memorial Trophy in the 2003–04 NHL season after he finished second in league scoring among defencemen, recorded a plus-minus rating of +20 and lead the Devils to a modern NHL record low 164 goals against.
Niedermayer was an unrestricted free agent after the 2004–05 NHL lockout. The Devils offered him a five-year contract worth $7.8 million per season (the maximum allowed under the new salary cap), but he decided to sign a four-year contract worth $6.75 million per season with the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. He signed with the Mighty Ducks because he wanted to try to win a Stanley cup with his brother Rob. Scott was named captain of the Ducks when he arrived in Anaheim.

When the Ducks won the Stanley Cup in 2007, Scott, as team captain, had the choice of who to hand the Stanley Cup to first. He chose to hand the Cup off to his brother Rob first. He later stated: "You don't really dream of passing it to your brother. I never have. To be able to do that is definitely a highlight of my career." He was also able to win the Conn Smythe Trophy.
He has also competed in the Olympics with Canada. His first Olympics were in 2002 where he helped Canada defeat the United States, 5–2 in the final as the country won its first Olympic gold medal in hockey in 50 years. His last Olympics were in 2010. He was named captain of Team Canada for the tournament that was held in his home province, in Vancouver. He was able to lead Canada to the gold medal, after they defeated the United States 3–2 in overtime.

Personal life
He was born in Edmonton, Alberta but lived in Cassiar, British Columbia for three years before settling in Cranbrook, British Columbia. He has a father named Bob, who worked as a doctor in Cassiar as well as Cranbrook, and has a mother named Carol who worked as a teacher. His younger brother Rob was also an NHL player.
He is married to his wife Lisa and they have four sons: Logan, Jackson, Joshua and Luke. The family live in Newport Beach, California and often return to Cranbrook, where they spent the off-seasons when he was playing. Niedermayer is an environmentalist and joined WWF-Canada to speak out in favour of efforts to maintain British Columbia's natural wilderness.

References

Other websites 

1973 births
Anaheim Ducks players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Canadian Olympic gold medalists
Conn Smythe Trophy winners
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Ice hockey people from Alberta
International Hockey League (1945–2001) players
James Norris Memorial Trophy winners
Living people
Memorial Cup winners
New Jersey Devils players
People from Cranbrook, British Columbia
Sportspeople from Edmonton
Stanley Cup champions
Kaiser Kalambo (6 July 1953 – 18 March 2014) was a Zambian association football player and coach. He represented Zambia in three Africa Cup of Nations tournaments. He was named Zambian captain in 1980. The same year in which he was voted Zambian footballer of the year. Later, he coached several club sides in Zambia and Botswana. He was born in Luanshya, Copperbelt.

Kalambo died from prostate cancer on the morning of 18 March 2014 at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. He was 60 years old.

References

Other websites
 Kaiser Kalambo  at Sports Reference 

1953 births
2014 deaths
Zambian footballers
Copperbelt
Musical activities of the choir
The school choir sings every day in the Basilica. They often sing in front of large groups of pilgrims and visitors from around the world. More people attend the midday singing of Salve Regina than any other performance. They choir have released many albums. They have toured in several countries, including Hungary, Switzerland, France, Italy, Belgium, Germany, Poland, and Russia. They have performed in Russia three times (Moscow 2011 & 2013, and St. Petersburg 2011).
History
1025: The Benedictine Community of Montserrat was founded.
12th Century: Period of the Virgin of Montserrat. Pilgrims started to climb the mountain to worship the Virgin.
1307: First documentation showing the existence of the Escolania, which is also the first reference to the choir robes worn today.
1479: The choir sang for the Catholic King Fernando during his visit to Barcelona.
1494: Abbot Garcia de Cisneros spoke of the importance of religious music in relation to the choristers of the Escolania, which was made up of about 20 boys at the time.
16th Century: Bartomeu Garriga, a chorister at the time, promised that when he was older, he would make a great temple for the Virgin. In 1560, as Abbot of the Monastery, he started to construct the current Basilica.
17th-18th Century: Period of growth, with the first appearance of Masters of the Escolania. This title was given to monks that directed the choir and cultivated a new repertoire of compositions.