Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 412 - Pope Theophilus of Alexandria
 767 – Constantine II, Patriarch of Constantinople (executed)
 898 - Lambert, Holy Roman Emperor
 1002 – Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy (b. 949)
 1174 - Petronilla of Aragon (b. 1135)
 1326 - Walter de Stapledon, English bishop (b. 1261)
 1389 – Pope Urban VI (b. 1318)
 1564 - Andreas Vesalius, Flemish anatomist (b. 1514)
 1582 – Saint Teresa of Avila, Spanish Carmelite nun and poet (b. 1515)
 1715 - Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (b. 1675)
 1811 – Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, English painter (b. 1735)
 1817 - Tadeusz Kosciuszko, Lithuanian-Polish military figure (b. 1746)
 1819 - Sergey Vyazmitinov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744)
 1837 - Ivan Dimitriev, Russian poet and statesman (b. 1760)
 1865 - Andrés Bello, Venezuelan polymath (b. 1781)
 1880 – Victorio, Apache leader
 1891 – Gilbert Arthur a Beckett, British writer (b. 1837)
 1900 – Zdenek Fibich, Czech composer (b. 1850)
1901  2000 
 1904 - George, King of Saxony (b. 1832)
 1917 – Mata Hari, Dutch exotic dancer and spy (b. 1867)
 1918 - Sai Baba of Shirdi, Indian guru and national saint of India (b. 1838)
 1933 - Nitobe Inazo, Japanese diplomat (b. 1862)
 1934 – Raymond Poincaré, French statesman (b. 1860)
 1945 – Pierre Laval, premier of Vichy France (b. 1860)
 1946 – Hermann Göring, German air force commander (b. 1893)
 1948 - Edythe Chapman, American actress (b. 1863)
 1955 - Fumio Hayasaka, Japanese composer (b. 1914)
 1959 - Stepan Bandera, Ukrainian politician (b. 1909)
 1960 - Clara Kimball Young, American actress and producer (b. 1890)
 1964 – Cole Porter, American composer (b. 1891)
 1965 – Abraham Fraenkel, Israeli mathematician (b. 1891)
 1976 - Carlo Gambino, Italian-American crime boss (b. 1902)
 1980 - Mikhail Lavrentyov, Russian physicist and mathematician (b. 1900)
 1980 - Apostolis Nikolaidis, Greek footballer and volleyball player (b. 1896)
 1987 – Thomas Sankara, Burkina Faso politician (b. 1949)
1988 – Kaikhosru Shapurji Sorabji, Indian composer and classical pianist (b. 1892)
 1990 - Delphine Seyrig, French actress (b. 1932)
 1994 - Sarah Kofman, French philosopher (b. 1934)
 1995 - Marco Campos, Brazilian racing driver (b. 1976)
 1998 - Colette Darfeuil, French actress (b. 1906)
 2000 – Konrad Emil Bloch, German-American biochemist (b. 1912)
From 2001 
 2001 – Zhang Xueliang, Chinese warlord and military figure (b. 1901)
 2003 – Ben Metcalfe, environmental activist (b. 1919)
 2005 - Jason Collier, American basketball player (b. 1977)
 2011 - Betty Driver, English actress (b. 1920)
 2012 - Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia (b. 1922)
 2012 - Claude Cheysson, French politician (b. 1920)
 2013 - Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss politician (b. 1923)
 2013 - Hans Riegel, German businessman (b. 1923)
 2014 - Marie Dubois, French actress (b. 1937)
 2014 - Giovanni Reale, Italian historian and philosopher (b. 1931)
 2014 - Robert Tiernan, American politician (b. 1929)
 2015 - Kenneth D. Taylor, Canadian diplomat (b. 1934)
 2015 - Nate Huffman, American basketball player (b. 1975)
 2015 - Sergei Filippenkov, Russian footballer (b. 1971)
 2015 - Larry N. Vanderhoef, American biochemist (b. 1941)
 2015 - Neill Sheridan, American baseball player (b. 1921)
Holidays and observances 
 Saint Teresa of Ávila Feast Day
 Global Handwashing Day
 National Tree Planting Day (Sri Lanka)
 Teachers' Day (Brazil)

References 

Days of the year
Up to 1900 
 54  Roman Empire emperor Claudius dies after being poisoned by his wife Agrippina. Nero becomes Emperor.
 409  Vandals and Alans cross the Pyrenees and reach Hispania, present-day Spain.
 1307  All Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair, to be later tortured into "admitting" heresy.
 1399  Henry IV of England is crowned King. He founds the Royal House of Lancaster.
 1582  Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
 1644  A Swedish-Dutch fleet defeats the Danes and captures about 1,000 prisoners.
 1710  Port Royal, capital of French Acadia, falls in a siege to British forces.
 1773  Charles Messier discovers the Whirlpool Galaxy.
 1775  The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy).
1792  In Washington, DC, the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House since 1818) is laid.
 1803  The first European settlement in Victoria, Australia, is started at Sullivan Bay, Victoria.
 1812  War of 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights – On the Niagara frontier in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaerof are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock.
 1825  Ludwig I of Bavaria becomes King.
 1843  In New York City, Henry Jones and 11 others found B'nai B'rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
 1845  A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the U.S. Congress, will make Texas a U.S. state.
 1881  First known conversation in modern Hebrew by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and a group of his friends.
 1884  Greenwich, London is decided as the place that the 0 degree longitude line will pass through.
1885  The Georgia Institute of Technology is founded of Atlanta, Georgia.
 1898  British passenger ship Mohegan crashes into a reef off Cornwall, sinking within 12 minutes, killing 106 people.
1901  2000 
 1911  Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn becomes the first British royal to be Governor-General of Canada.
 1914  The Boston Braves complete a 4 games to 0 win over the Philadelphia Athletics at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts in the first such victory in Baseball World Series history.
 1917  "Miracle of the Sun" is said to have been seen by 70,000 people in Fatima, Portugal.
 1918  Talaat Pasha and the Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in World War I.
 1921  The Soviet republics of Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia sign the Treaty of Kars with the Grand National Assembly of Turkey to determine modern borders between Turkey and the Southern Caucasus states.
 1923  Ankara replaces Istanbul as capital city of Turkey.
 1943  World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
 1944  World War II: Riga, Latvia is occupied by the Red Army.
1945  The Christian Social Union of Bavaria, the main political party of Bavaria, is founded.
 1946  France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
 1958  Debut of Paddington Bear fictional character, created by Michael Bond.
 1960  1960 World Series: Baseball player Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a World Series with a home run.
 1962  Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? opens on Broadway.
 1967  The first game of the American Basketball Association is played in Oakland, California, as the Oakland Oaks defeat the Anaheim Amigos 134-129.
 1970  Fiji joins the UN.
 1972  An Aeroflot Ilyushin-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176
 1972  Andes flight disaster: Fairchild passenger plane transporting a rugby team crashes in Andes. They are found alive December 20 but they have had to resort to cannibalism to survive, as chronicled in the 1993 movie Alive: The Miracle of the Andes.
1976  A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children killed on the ground)
 1976  The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, who was then working at the C.D.C..
 1977  Four Palestinians hijack a Lufthansa Airlines flight to Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction.
 1990  End of the Lebanese Civil War: Syrian forces launch an attack on the free areas of Lebanon, removing Michel Aoun from the Presidential Palace.
 1992  An Antonov An-124 operated by Antonov Airlines crashes near Kiev, Ukraine, killing 8 people.
 1995  Microsoft releases Windows 95.
 1999  The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
From 2001 
 2003  The Public Library of Science commences publication of an open-access scientific journal, PLoS Biology.
 2006  Ban Ki-moon is chosen to succeed Kofi Annan as UN Secretary-General.
 2006  Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank win the Nobel Peace Prize.
 2010  Miracle of Copiapo: 33 miners, who survived for a record 69 days, trapped underground in the San José mine in Chile, are rescued, in a rescue operation that was followed by people around the world.
 2016  Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand, dies aged 88 after more than 70 years on the throne. He was the world's longest-serving head of state at the time of his death.
 2016  Bob Dylan becomes the first singer-songwriter to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
 2016  The Maldives announce their withdrawal from the Commonwealth of Nations.
 2017  The United States and Israel announce their withdrawal from UNESCO.
 2019  Simone Biles becomes the most-successful ever gymnast at the World Gymnastics Championships.

Births
Up to 1900 
 1162  Leonora of England, Queen of Castile (d. 1214)
 1453  Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales (d. 1471)
 1474  Mariotto Albertinelli, Italian painter (d. 1495)
 1499  Claude of France (d. 1524)
 1566  Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, Irish politician (d. 1643)
 1613  Luisa of Medina-Sidonia, Queen of Portugal (d. 1666)
 1680  Catherine Opalinska, Queen of Poland (d. 1747)
 1713  Allan Ramsay, Scottish painter (d. 1784)
 1768  Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin, French explorer (d. 1839)
 1816  Benjamin H. Brewster, United States Attorney General (d. 1888)
 1820  John William Dawson, Canadian geologist (d. 1899)
 1821  Rudolf Virchow, German physician, pathologist, biologist and politician (d. 1902)
 1825  Charles Frederick Worth, English fashion designer (d. 1895)
 1844  Ernest Myers, English poet (d. 1921)
 1853  Lillie Langtry, British actress (d. 1929)
 1862  Mary Kingsley, British explorer (d. 1900)
 1867  Ramon Maximiliano Valdés, 7th President of Panama (d. 1918)
1870  Albert Jay Nock, American writer (d. 1945)
 1872  Blaise Diagne, Senegalese politician (d. 1934)
 1874  Jozsef Klekl, Slovenian politician in Hungary (d. 1948)
 1876  Rube Waddell, American baseball player (d. 1914)
 1877  Theodore G. Bilbo, Governor of Mississippi (d. 1947)
 1878  Stepan Shahumyan, Armenian politician and revolutionary (d. 1918)
 1879  Edward Hennig, American gymnast (d. 1960)
 1880  Sasha Cherny, Russian poet (d. 1932)
 1883  William Dickey, American diver (d. 1950)
 1887  Jozef Tiso, Slovakian politician (d. 1947)
 1890  Conrad Richter, American writer (d. 1968)
 1891  Irene Rich, American actress (d. 1988)
 1893  Kurt Reidemeister, German mathematician (d. 1971)
 1895  Mike Gazella, American baseball player (d. 1978)
 1896  E. Beatrice Riley, Australian supercentenarian (d. 2009)
 1900  Gerald Marks, American composer (d. 1997)
1901  1950 
 1902  Karl Leichter, Estonian musicologist (d. 1987)
 1904  Wilfred Pickles, English actor (d. 1978)
 1905  Coloman Braun-Bogdan, Romanian footballer (d. 1983)
 1905  Yves Allégret, French movie director (d. 1987)
 1908  Steinn Steinarr, Icelandic poet (d. 1958)
 1909  Art Tatum, American jazz musician (d. 1956)
 1911  Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d. 2001)
 1911  Migjeni, Albanian poet (d. 1938)
 1915  Terry Frost, English artist (d. 2003)
 1915  Wesley Powell, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1981)
 1917  George Osmond, patriarch of the Osmonds (d. 2007)
 1920  Laraine Day, American actress (d. 2007)
 1921  Yves Montand, French actor and singer (d. 1991)
 1923  Faas Wilkes, Dutch footballer (d. 2006)
 1923  Iona Opie, English folklorist
 1924  Terry Gibbs, American jazz musician
 1924  Charlie Silvera, American baseball player (d. 2019)
 1924  Roberto Eduardo Viola, Argentine military leader (d. 1994)
 1925  Lenny Bruce, American comedian (d. 1966)
1925  Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2013)
 1925  Gustav Winckler, Danish singer (d. 1979)
 1926  Killer Kowalski, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 2008)
 1926  Tommy Whittle, British jazz saxophonist (d. 2013)
 1927  Lee Konitz, American jazz saxophonist
 1927  Turgut Ozal, 8th President of Turkey (d. 1993)
 1929  Shivinder Singh Sidhu, Indian politician, Governor of Meghalaya and Goa (d. 2018)
 1931  Raymond Kopa, French footballer (d. 2017)
 1933  Narriman Sadek, Egyptian royal
 1933  Mark Zakharov, Russian director and screenwriter (d. 2019)
 1934  Nana Mouskouri, Greek singer and politician
 1934  Jack Colvin, American actor (d. 2005)
 1938  Christiane Hörbiger, Austrian actress
 1939  Melinda Dillon, American actress
 1940  Pharoah Sanders, American saxophonist
 1940  Chris Farlowe, English rock, blues and soul singer
 1941  Paul Simon, American musician and songwriter
 1942  Rutanya Alda, Latvian-American actress
 1943  Edmund Daukoru, OPEC Secretary-General
1943  Peter Sauber, Swiss Formula One team principal
 1945  Desi Bouterse, President of Suriname
 1946  Edwina Currie, British politician
 1947  Joe Dolce, American-born Australian singer-songwriter
 1947  Sammy Hagar, American singer
 1949  Raimundo Fagner, Brazilian singer, composer and actor
 1949  Marisol Malaret, Puerto Rican model
 1949  Rick Vito, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Fleetwood Mac)
 1949  Mark Winzenried, American middle-distance runner
 1950  Rolf Rüssmann, German footballer (d. 2009)
1951  1975 
 1952  Mundo Earwood, American country musician and singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
 1954  Haitham bin Tariq, Sultan of Oman
 1954  Mordechai Vanunu, Israeli nuclear technician
 1956  Chris Carter, American TV and movie producer, director and writer
 1958  Maria Cantwell, American politician
 1958  Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist (d. 2018)
 1959  Marie Osmond, American entertainer
 1960  Joey Belladonna, American musician
 1960  Eric Joyce, Scottish politician
 1960  Ari Fleischer, 24th White House Press Secretary
 1960  Peter Keisler, United States Attorney General
 1961  Doc Rivers, American basketball player and coach
 1962  Kelly Preston, American actress
 1962  Jerry Rice, American football player
 1963  Thomas Dörflein, German zookeeper (d. 2008)
 1964  Nie Haisheng, Chinese astronaut
 1964  Christopher Judge, American actor
 1966  John Regis, English athlete
 1967  Trevor Hoffman, American baseball player
 1967  Javier Sotomayor, Cuban athlete
 1967  Kate Walsh, American actress
1968  Carlos Marin, Spanish baritone (Il Divo)
 1968  Tisha Campbell, American actress
 1969  Nancy Kerrigan, American figure skater
 1970  Mel Jackson, American actor and musician
 1970  Paul Potts, English tenor
 1970  Rob Howley, Welsh rugby player and coach
 1971  Sacha Baron Cohen, English actor and comedian
 1971  Kira Reed, American actress and TV host, writer and producer
From 1976 
 1977  Katrin Wagner-Augustin, German canoeist
 1977  Paul Pierce, American basketball player
 1977  Antonio Di Natale, Italian footballer
 1978  Wes Brown, English footballer
 1978  Markus Heikkinen, Finnish footballer
 1978  Jermaine O'Neal, American basketball player
 1980  Magne Hoseth, Norwegian footballer
 1980  David Haye, English boxer
 1980  Scott Parker, English footballer
 1980  Ashanti, American singer and actress
 1981  Kele Okereke, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bloc Party)
 1982  Ian Thorpe, Australian swimmer
 1982  Kevin Clifton, English professional dancer
 1982  Denis Buntic, Croatian handball player
 1984  Misono, Japanese singer-songwriter and guitarist
 1984  Frank Simek, American basketball player
 1986  Gabriel Agbonlahor, English footballer
 1986  Sergio Pérez Moya, Mexican footballer
 1987  Ashley Newbrough, American actress
 1988  Scott Jamieson, Australian footballer
 1988  Enrique Pérez, Mexican footballer
 1988  Susan Thorsgaard, Danish handball player
1989  Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, American politician and activist
 1990  Pooja Hegde, Indian model and actress
 1990  Himesh Patel, English actor
 1992  Aaron Dismuke, American voice actor
 1993  Kaito Ishikawa, Japanese voice actor
 1993  D-Pryde, Canadian rapper
 1993  Tiffany Trump, daughter of Donald Trump
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 54  Claudius, Roman Emperor (b. 10 BC)
 1093  Robert I, Count of Flanders
 1282  Nichiren, Japanese monk (b. 1222)
 1687  Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer (b. 1633)
 1706  Iyasus the Great, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1682)
 1715  Nicolas Malebranche, French philosopher (b. 1638)
 1759  John Henley, English clergyman (b. 1692)
 1812  Sir Isaac Brock, British general (killed in battle) (b. 1769)
 1815  Joachim Murat, King of Naples, Marshal of France (b. 1767)
 1822  Antonio Canova, Venetian sculptor (b. 1757)
 1825  Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria (b. 1756)
 1852  John Lloyd Stephens, American explorer, writer and diplomat (b. 1805)
 1869  Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic (b. 1804)
 1882  Arthur Gobineau, French philosopher (b. 1816)
 1890  Samuel Freeman Miller, U.S. Supreme Court justice (b. 1816)
1901  2000 
 1904  Pavlos Melas, Greek military officer (b. 1870)
 1905  Henry Irving, British actor (b. 1838)
 1909  Francisco Ferrer y Guardia, Spanish free-thinker (b. 1849)
 1911  Sister Nivedita, Irish-Indian social worker, author and educator (b. 1867)
 1917  Florence La Badie, pioneer actress (b. 1888)
 1919  Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish writer (born 1857)
 1926  Hans E. Kinck, Norwegian philologist and author (b. 1865)
 1928  Dagmar of Denmark, Empress of Russia (b. 1847)
 1931  Ernst Didring, Swedish writer (b. 1868)
 1938  E.C. Segar, American cartoonist (b. 1892)
 1945  Milton S. Hershey, American chocolate tycoon (b. 1857)
 1955  Manuel Ávila Camacho, President of Mexico (b. 1897)
 1961  Prince Louis Rwagasore, Prime Minister of Burundi (b. 1932)
 1966  Clifton Webb, actor (b. 1889)
 1968  Bea Benaderet, actress (b. 1906)
 1974  Ed Sullivan, American television personality (b. 1901)
 1979  Antonio Berni, Argentine painter, illustrator and engraver (b. 1905)
1981  Rebecca Clarke, composer and violist (b. 1886)
 1987  Walter Houser Brattain, American physicist (b. 1902)
 1987  Kishore Kumar, Indian singer (b. 1929)
 1989  Merab Kostava, Georgian political activist (b. 1939)
 1990  Le Duc Tho, Vietnamese Nobel Peace Prize recipient (b. 1911)
 1993  Wade Flemons, American singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
 1996  Beryl Reid, English actress (b. 1919)
 1998  Dmitry Filippov, Russian politician (b. 1944)
 2000  Gus Hall, American Communist politician (b. 1910)
From 2001 
 2001  Peter Doyle, Australian singer (b. 1949)
 2002  Stephen Ambrose, American historian and biographer (b. 1936)
 2003  Bertram Brockhouse, Nobel Prize-winning Canadian physicist (b. 1918)
 2006  Dino Monduzzi, Italian cardinal (b. 1922)
 2007  Bob Denard, French mercenary (b. 1929)
 2008  Alexei Cherepanov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1989)
 2008  Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (b. 1971)
 2009  Al Martino, American musician (b. 1927)
 2010  Vernon Biever, American photographer (b. 1923)
 2010  Mary Malcolm, British television personality (b. 1918)
 2012  Gary Collins, American actor and television host (b. 1938)
 2013  Olga Aroseva, Russian actress (b. 1926)
 2013  Tommy Whittle, British jazz saxophonist (b. 1926)
 2014  Antonio Cafiero, Argentine politician (b. 1922)
 2014  Pontus Segerström, Swedish footballer (b. 1981)
 2015  Sue Lloyd-Roberts, English journalist (b. 1950)
 2016  Dario Fo, Italian writer, playwright, theatre director and actor (b. 1926)
2016  Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (b. 1946)
 2016  Jim Prentice, Canadian politician, 16th Premier of Alberta (b. 1956)
 2017  Satish Chandra, Indian historian (b. 1922)
 2017  Pierre Hanon, Belgian footballer (b. 1936)
 2017  Bo Holmström, Swedish journalist (b. 1938)
 2017  William Lombardy, American chess player (b. 1937)
 2017  Albert Zafy, President of Madagascar (b. 1927)
 2018  Fabien Eboussi Boulaga, Cameroonian philosopher (b. 1934)
 2018  William Coors, American brewer (b. 1916)
 2018  Nikolai Pankin, Russian swimmer (b. 1949)
 2018  Jim Taylor, American football player (b. 1935)
 2018  Robert W. Doran, New Zealand computer scientist (b. 1944)
 2018  Edgar S. Harris Jr., American Air Force lieutenant general (b. 1925)
 2018  Patricia Hollis, Baroness Hollis of Heigham, British politician (b. 1941)
 2019  Scotty Bowers, American author (b. 1923)
 2019  Richard Huckle, British sex offender (b. 1986)
 2019  Charles Jencks, American architect and philanthropist (b. 1939)
2019  Vasim Mammadiyev, Azerbaijani theologian (b. 1942)
 2019  Adolfo Mexiac, Mexican artist (b. 1927)
Observances 
 National Police Day (Thailand)
 International Day for Disaster Reduction

Days of the year
Up to 1900 
 202 BC – The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal.
 AD 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.
 1216 - King John of England dies. His nine-year-old son takes to the throne, becoming King Henry III of England.
 1303 - Siegen, in Westphalia (in present-day Germany) is given city rights.
 1386 - First lecture at the University of Heidelberg.
 1453 – The French recapture of Bordeaux brings the Hundred Years' War to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French soil.
 1466 – The Thirteen Years' War ended with the Second Treaty of Toruń. Gdansk Pomerania and Prussia as a whole was incorporated into Poland; the Teutonic Knights were allowed to rule its eastern part as Polish vassals.
 1781 – Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis surrenders to George Washington and Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau at Yorktown, Virginia, ending the American Revolutionary War.
1789 - John Jay is sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the United States.
 1805 - Battle of Ulm in the Napoleonic Wars.
 1812 – Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.
 1813 – The Battle of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.
 1845 - Opera Tannhäuser by Richar Wagner is first performed.
 1864 – Battle of Cedar Creek – Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroys Confederate Army under Jubal Early.
 1864 – Confederate raiders launch an attack on Saint Albans, Vermont from Canada.
 1866 - Austria hands over Veneto to France, which immediately gives it to Italy. Mantua also becomes part of Italy.
 1873 – Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.
1901  2000 
 1912 – Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
 1914 – The First Battle of Ypres begins.
 1917 – Love Field in Dallas, Texas is opened.
 1921 - Portugal's Prime Minister Antonio Joaquim Granjo is killed in a coup.
 1933 – Germany withdraws from the League of Nations.
 1935 – Fascist Italy invades Ethiopia.
 1943 – Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.
 1944 – United States forces land in the Philippines.
 1950 – The People's Republic of China joins the Korean War.
 1954 – First successful climb of Cho Oyu in the Himalayas.
 1956 - The Soviet Union and Japan sign a joint declaration, officially ending the state of war between them.
 1973 – President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court demand to turn over the Watergate tapes.
 1973 - Heavy rain causes floods in south-eastern Spain, killing around 200 people.
 1974 – Niue becomes a self-governing territory of New Zealand.
1982 – John De Lorean is arrested for trafficking in cocaine.
 1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada, is overthrown and executed in a military coup d'état led by Bernard Coard.
 1985 – The first Blockbuster Video store opens in Dallas, Texas.
 1986 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique and a prominent leader of FRELIMO, and 33 others died when their Tupolev 134 plane crashed into the Lebombo Mountains.
 1987 – In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore oil platforms.
 1987 – (Black Monday) Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%.
 1989 – Guildford Four convictions are quashed by the Court of Appeal – they had spent 15 years in prison through a miscarriage of justice.
 1991 - An earthquake in northern India, of magnitude 7, kills 2,000 people.
 1992 - German politicians Petra Kelly and Gert Bastian are found dead. It is believed that Bastian killed Kelly on October 1, before killing himself.
From 2001 
 2001 – SIEV-X sinks en route to Christmas Island
 2003 – Mother Teresa is beatified by Pope John Paul II.
 2004 – Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the Thai government on charges of corruption.
 2005 – The trial of Saddam Hussein, on charges of Crimes against Humanity, begins.
 2005 – Hurricane Wilma becomes the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record.
 2007 - A bomb explosion occurs at a market in Makati, Philippines, killing 11 people.
 2008 - In the US, former Republican United States Secretary of State Colin Powell announces that he intends to vote for Democrat candidate Barack Obama over John McCain in the November 4 Presidential election.
 2012 - A bomb attack in Beirut, Lebanon, kills at least 11 people, including the Lebanese army chief. The attack is believed to be linked to the conflict in Syria.
2015 - The Liberal Party of Canada wins an overall majority in Canada's general election, ending over nine years of Stephen Harper's Conservative government. Justin Trudeau is the designated Prime Minister of Canada.
 2017 - A stick-shaped object called 'Oumuamua is discovered as it passes through the Solar System.
 2018 - A train runs over a crowd celebrating a Hindu festival in Amritsar, India, killing at least 60 people.
 2018 - Unmanned European-Japanese spacecraft BepiColombo is launched on a seven-year journey to the planet Mercury.
 2018 - Saudi Arabia admits that the missing journalist Jamal Khashoggi died in its consulate in Istanbul, Turkey.
 2019 - A dam collapses at a gold mine on the Seiba river in the Krasnoyarsk region of Siberia, Russia, killing 15 people.
 2019 - The House of Commons of the United Kingdom holds a Saturday sitting for the first time since 1982 because of the issue of Brexit.
Up to 1900 
 1276 - Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (d. 1328)
 1433 – Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (d. 1499)
 1562 – Archbishop George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1633)
 1582 - Dmitry Ivanovich, Tsarevich of Russia (d. 1591)
 1605 – Thomas Browne, English writer (d. 1682)
 1610 - James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, English statesman and soldier (d. 1688)
 1658 – Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1704)
 1688 - William Cheselden, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1752)
 1718 - Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (d. 1804)
 1720 - John Woolman, American Quaker preacher and anti-Slavery activist (d. 1772)
 1748 - Martha Jefferson, wife of Thomas Jefferson (d. 1782)
 1774 - José de Fabrega, Panamanian military (d. 1844)
 1784 – John McLoughlin, Hudson's Bay company trader (d. 1857)
 1784 - James Henry Leigh Hunt, English Romantic critic, essayist and poet (d. 1859)
 1789 - Theophilos Kairis, Greek priest and revolutionary (d. 1853)
1795 - Pedro Blanco Soto, Bolivian general and politician (d. 1829)
 1810 - Cassius Clay, American abolitionist (d. 1903)
 1814 - Theodoros Vryzakis, Greek painter (d. 1918)
 1827 - Charles Cordier, French sculptor (d. 1902)
 1851 – Empress Myeongseong of Korea (d. 1895)
 1856 - Edmund Beecher Wilson, American biologist (d. 1939)
 1858 – George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (d. 1937)
 1862 – Auguste Lumière, one of the inventors of cinema (d. 1954)
 1868 - Bertha Knight Landes, American politician (d. 1943)
 1871 - Luigi Albertini, Italian politician and publicist (d. 1941)
 1872 - Jacques E. Brandenberger, Swiss chemist (d. 1954)
 1873 – Jaap Eden, Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925)
 1876 - Mordecai Brown, American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 1945)
 1876 - Mihkel Pung, Estonian politician (d. 1941)
 1882 – Umberto Boccioni, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1916)
 1884 - Eugen Habermann, Estonian architect (d. 1944)
 1885 – Charles Merrill, American investment banker (d. 1956)
1895 – Lewis Mumford, American historian (d. 1990)
 1897 - Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (d. 1994)
 1899 – Miguel Angel Asturias, Guatemalan writer (d. 1974)
 1900 – Erna Berger, German soprano (d. 1990)
1901  1950 
 1907 – Roger Wolfe Kahn, band leader (d. 1962)
 1908 – Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (d. 1981)
 1909 - Stein Grieg Halvorsen, Norwegian theatre actor (d. 2013)
 1910 – Jean Genet, French writer (d. 1986)
 1910 – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian physicist (d. 1995)
 1913 – Vinícius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and songwriter (d. 1980)
 1913 - Haxhi Lleshi, Albanian military and politician (d. 1998)
 1914 - Juanita Moore, American actress (d. 2014)
 1915 - Farid al-Atrash, Syrian composer, musician and actor (d. 1974)
 1916 – Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1994)
 1916 – Jean Dausset, French immunologist (d. 2009)
 1917 - Walter Munk, Austrian-born American oceanographer (d. 2019)
 1918 - Robert Schwarz Strauss, American politician and diplomat (d. 2014)
 1920 - Pandurana Shastri, Indian philosopher (d. 2003)
 1921 - George Nader, American actor (d. 2002)
 1921 – Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer (d. 1995)
 1924 - Lubomir Strougal, former Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia
1925 - Czeslaw Kiszczak, former Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2015)
 1925 - Bernard Hepton, English actor (d. 2018)
 1925 – Emilio Eduardo Massera, Argentine naval officer and member of the Military Junta (d. 2010)
 1926 - Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian singer and songwriter (d. 2009)
 1926 - Marjorie Tallchief, American ballerina
 1927 - Pierre Alechinsky, Belgian artist
 1931 - Manolo Escobar, Spanish singer and actor (d. 2013)
 1931 – John le Carré, English novelist
 1932 – Robert Reed, actor (d. 1992)
 1934 - William Frates, American military veteran and radiologist (d. 2019)
 1934 – Yakubu Gowon, former President of Nigeria
 1935 - Don Ward, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2014)
 1935 - Agne Simonsson, Swedish footballer
 1936 - Sylvia Browne, American author (d. 2013)
 1937 – Peter Max, American pop artist
 1938 - Eugenio Montejo, Venezuelan poet (d. 2008)
 1940 – Michael Gambon, Irish-British actor
 1940 - Rosny Smarth, 8th Prime Minister of Haiti
1941 - Pepetela, Angolan writer, politician and activist
 1941 - Simon Ward, English actor (d. 2012)
 1942 – Andrew Vachss, writer and attorney
 1943 - Takis Ikonomopoulos, Greek footballer
 1944 - Pepetela, Angolan writer, politician and activist
 1944 – Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician (d. 1987)
 1945 – Divine, actor (d. 1988)
 1945 – John Lithgow, American actor
 1945 - Angus Deaton, Scottish-American economist
 1945 - Gloria Jones, American singer and songwriter
 1945 – Patricia Ireland, American attorney and feminist
 1946 - Bob Holland, Australian cricketer (d. 2017)
 1946 – Philip Pullman, English writer
 1946 - Jürgen Croy, East German footballer
 1947 - Giorgio Cavazzano, comics artist and illustrator
1951  1975 
 1951 - Demetrios Christodoulou, Greek physicist
 1952 - Peter Bone, English politician
 1953 - Sylvie Bermann, French diplomat
 1953 - Lionel Hollins, American basketball player and coach
 1954 – Sam Allardyce, English football manager
 1954 - Joe Bryant, American basketball player
 1954 - Ken Stott, Scottish actor
 1955 - LaSalle Ishii, Japanese television personality, actor and director
 1956 - Carlo Urbani, Italian physician (d. 1993)
 1956 - Didier Theys, Belgian racing driver
 1956 - Sunny Deol, Indian actor and director
 1957 - Karl Wallinger, Welsh singer-songwriter, musician and producer
 1958 - Lou Briel, Puerto Rican singer-songwriter, pianist, producer and actor
 1958 - Michael Steele, American journalist and politician
 1959 - Nir Barkat, Israeli politician
 1959 - Martin Kusch, German philosopher
 1960 - Jennifer Holliday, American actress and singer
 1962 – Evander Holyfield, American boxing champion
 1962 - Tracy Chevalier, American author
 1963 – Prince Laurent of Belgium
1964 - Jorge Luis González, Cuban-born American boxer
 1965 – Ty Pennington, American TV carpenter
 1966 – Jon Favreau, American actor, writer, director
 1966 – Sinitta, American-British singer
 1967 - Amy Carter, daughter of Jimmy Carter
 1969 – DJ Sammy, Spanish DJ
 1969 – Erwin Sánchez, Bolivian footballer
 1969 – Trey Parker, American cartoonist, comedian, writer, actor
 1969 - Dieter Thomas, German ski jumper
 1969 - Caroline Catz, English actress
 1970 - Nouria Mérah-Benida, Algerian runner
 1971 - David Wagner, German-American footballer and coach
 1972 – Pras, musician
 1973 - Joaquin Gage, Canadian ice hockey player
 1973 - Hicham Arazi, Moroccan tennis player
From 1976 
 1976 – Paul Hartley, Scottish footballer
 1976 – Desmond Harrington, American actor
 1976 – Michael Young, American baseball player
 1977 – Habib Beye, Senegalese footballer
 1977 - Jason Reitman, American writer and director
 1978 - Ruslan Chagaev, Uzbekistani boxer
 1979 - Brian Robertson, American trombonist (Suburban Legends)
 1979 - Lei Jia, Chinese singer
 1981 – Heikki Kovalainen, Finnish racing driver
 1982 – Louis Oosthuizen, South African golfer
 1982 - Gillian Jacobs, American actress
 1982 - Gonzalo Pineda, Mexican footballer
 1983 - Vladimir Gabulov, Russian footballer
 1983 - Cara Santa Maria, American journalist
 1983 - Rebecca Ferguson, Swedish singer
 1983 - Adrie Visser, Dutch cyclist
 1984 - Saki Fujita, Japanese voice actress
 1985 - Kevin O'Connor, Irish footballer
 1988 - Dot Rotten, English rapper and musician
 1989 – Miroslav Stoch, Slovakian footballer
 1990 - Janet Leon, Swedish singer-songwriter and dancer
 1990 - Ciara Renée, American actress and singer
1991 - Cotton Dixon, American singer and pianist
 1992 - Kim Ji-won, South Korean actress
 1993 – Abby Sunderland, American sailor
 2004 – Abilass Jeyarajah, Sri Lankan tsunami survivor
Deaths

Up to 1900 
 727 - Frithuswith, English saint (b. 650)
 1187 – Pope Urban III
 1216 – King John of England (b. 1167)
 1587 – Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1541)
 1619 - Fujiwara Seika, Japanese philosopher and educator (b. 1561)
 1682 – Thomas Browne, English writer (b. 1605)
 1723 - Godfrey Kneller, German-born painter (b. 1646)
 1745 – Jonathan Swift, Irish writer (b. 1667)
 1790 - Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724)
 1813 – Jozef Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (b. 1763)
 1815 - Paolo Mascagni, Italian physician (b. 1755)
 1842 - Aleksey Koltsov, Russian poet (b. 1808)
 1851 - Marie Thérèse of France (b. 1778)
 1856 - William Sprague, American politician (b. 1799)
 1860 - Ang Duong, Cambodian King (b. 1796)
 1889 – King Louis of Portugal (b. 1838)
 1890 – Richard Francis Burton, British explorer (b. 1821)
 1893 - Lucy Stone, American activist (b. 1818)
 1897 - George Pullman, American engineer and businessman (b. 1831)
1901  2000 
 1901 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829)
 1905 - Virgil Earp, American Western figure (b. 1843)
 1911 - Eugene Burton Ely, American aviator (b. 1886)
 1912 - Julius Maggi, Swiss businessman (b. 1846)
 1918 – Harold Lockwood, American actor (b. 1887)
 1921 - Antonio Joaquim Granjo, Prime Minister of Portugal
 1936 – Lu Xun, Chinese writer (b. 1881)
 1937 – Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand physicist (b. 1871)
 1940 - Umberto Caligaris, Italian footballer (b. 1901)
 1940 - Emilio Comici, Italian climber and cave explorer (b. 1901)
 1943 – Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)
 1945 – Plutarco Elias Calles, President of Mexico (b. 1877)
 1950 – Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (b. 1892)
 1955 - Carlos Davila, Chilean politician, diplomat and journalist (b. 1887)
 1956 - Isham Jones, American bandleader, saxophonist, bassist and songwriter (b. 1894)
 1964 - Sergey Biryuzov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1904)
1969 - Lacey Hearn, American sprinter (b. 1881)
 1970 – Lázaro Cárdenas, President of Mexico (b. 1895)
 1978 - Gig Young, American actor (b. 1913)
 1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (b. 1944)
 1984 – Jerzy Popieluszko, Polish priest, supported the Solidarity movement (b. 1947)
 1986 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (b. 1933)
 1987 – Jacqueline du Pré, British cellist (b. 1945)
 1994 - Martha Raye, American actress (b. 1916)
 1995 – Don Cherry, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1936)
 1997 - Glen Buxton, American guitarist (b. 1947)
 1999 - Nathalie Sarraute, French novelist (b. 1900)
From 2001 
 2002 - Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Russian physicist and cosmonaut (b. 1932)
 2003 – Alija Izetbegovic, President of Bosnia and Herzegovina (b. 1925)
 2003 – Road Warrior Hawk, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)
 2005 - Ryan Dallas Cook, American trombonist (Suburban Legends) (b. 1982)
 2008 - Gianni Raimondi, Italian tenor (b. 1923)
 2009 – Joseph Wiseman, Canadian actor (b. 1918)
 2009 - Howard Unruh, American murderer (b. 1921)
 2010 – Tom Bosley, American actor (b. 1927)
 2012 - Fiorenzo Magni, Italian cyclist (b. 1920)
 2014 - Lynda Bellingham, Canadian-English actress (b. 1948)
 2014 - Etienne Mourrut, French politician (b. 1939)
 2014 - John Holt, Jamaican singer (b. 1947)
 2014 - Gloria Casarez, American civil rights activist (b. 1971)
 2014 - Stephen Paulus, American composer (b. 1949)
 2014 - Raphael Ravenscroft, British saxophonist (b. 1954)
 2015 - Ali Treki, Libyan diplomat (b. 1938)
 2016 - Yvette Chauviré, French ballerina (b. 1917)
2017 - Umberto Lenzi, Italian film director (b. 1931)
 2018 - Takanobu Hozumi, Japanese actor (b. 1931)
 2018 - Osamu Shimomura, Japanese biochemist, Nobel Prize for Chemistry winner (b. 1928)
 2018 - Diana Sowle, American actress (b. 1930)
 2019 - Erhard Eppler, German politician (b. 1926)
 2019 - Salvador Giner, Spanish sociologist (b. 1934)
 2019 - Ishmael Levenston, Saban politician (b. 1940)
 2019 - Joseph Lombardo, American mafioso (b. 1929)
 2019 - Alexander Volkov, Russian tennis player (b. 1967)
Observances 
 Constitution Day (Niue)
 Mother Teresa Day (Albania)

Days of the year
Up to 1900 
 320 - Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philosopher, observes a solar eclipse and writes a commentary on The Great Astronomer.
 629 - King Dagobert is crowned King of the Franks.
 1009 – The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the "mad" Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the Church's foundations down to bedrock.
 1016 – The Danes defeat the Saxons in the Battle of Ashingdon.
 1081 - The Normans defeat the Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Dyrrhachium.
 1210 - Pope Innocent III excommunicates German leader Otto IV.
 1356 - An earthquake destroys Basel, Switzerland.
 1386 - Opening of the University of Heidelberg.
 1502 - Opening of the University of Wittenberg.
 1540 - Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto's forces destroy the fortified town of Mabila in present-day Alabama.
 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen beats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts
1599 - Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia defeats the army of Andrew Bathory in the Battle of Selimbar, leading to the first recorded unification of the Romanian people.
 1685 – Louis XIV of France revokes the Edict of Nantes, which has protected French Protestants. Roman Catholicism is reinstated as the state religion in France.
 1748 – Signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession.
 1767 – Mason–Dixon line, survey separating Maryland from Pennsylvania is completed.
 1775 - American Revolutionary War: The burning of Falmouth, present-day Portland, Maine, prompts the Continental Congress to create the Continental Navy.
 1779 - American Revolutionary War: The French-American Siege of Savannah is ended.
 1797 - The Treaty of Campo Formio is signed by France and Austria.
 1851 – Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is first published as The Whale by Richard Bentley of London.
1860 – The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
 1867 – United States takes possession of Alaska, celebrated annually in the state as (Alaska Day). On this day, Alaska also changes from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar, and the International Date Line is shifted to the west.
 1898 – United States takes possession of Puerto Rico.
1901  2000 
 1908 – Belgium annexes the Congo Free State.
 1912 – The First Balkan War begins.
 1913 - The monument to the 1813 Battle of the Nations is completed in Leipzig.
 1921 - The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is founded.
 1922 – The British Broadcasting Company (later Corporation)  is founded by a consortium, to establish a nationwide network of radio transmitters to provide a national broadcasting service.
 1925 – The Grand Ole Opry opens.
 1929 - Women are officially declared "Persons" under Canadian law.
 1944 – Adolf Hitler orders the establishment of a German national militia.
 1944 – Soviet Union invades Czechoslovakia
 1945 – The USSR's nuclear program receives plans for the United States's plutonium bomb from Klaus Fuchs at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
 1945 - A group of the Venezuelan Armed Forces stages a military coup, overthrowing President Isaias Medina Anguarita.
 1945 - Juan Peron marries Eva Peron.
 1954 – Texas Instruments announces the first Transistor radio
1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair closes for its first season after a six-month run.
 1967 - Soviet probe Venera 4 reaches Venus and becomes the first spacecraft to measure the atmosphere under another planet.
 1968 - 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City: Bob Beamon jumps 8.90 metres in the long jump, known as the 'jump into the 21st century'.
 1968 – A police raid on John Lennon and Yoko Ono's flat finds 168 grains of marijuana. They later plead guilty and are fined £150.
 1969 – Jefferson Airplane member Paul Kantner is charged with possession of marijuana on Hawaii.
 1974 – The Texas Chainsaw Massacre opens in theaters.
 1975 - The Saint Nazaire Bridge in western France is opened to traffic.
 1976 - Bangladesh is recognized by China and established diplomatic ties with Dacca.
1977 – German Autumn: a set of events revolving around the kidnapping of Hanns-Martin Schleyer and the hijacking of a Lufthansa flight by the Red Army Faction (RAF) comes to an end when Schleyer is executed and various RAF members commit suicide. The German government states that it would never again negotiate with terrorists.
 1989 – Erich Honecker resigns as leader of East Germany.
 1989 – The Galileo space probe is launched.
 1991 - The Supreme Council of Azerbaijan adopts a declaration of Independence from the Soviet Union.
 1993 – Andreas Papandreou begins his second term as Prime Minister of Greece.
From 2001 
 2003 – Bolivian Gas War: President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada is forced to resign and leave Bolivia.
 2004 - World Chess Championship: Vladimir Kramnik defends his title against Hungary's Peter Leko.
 2007 – A bomb attack in Karachi kills 139 people and injures 450. Benazir Bhutto, returning from exile, escapes unhurt.
 2011 – Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit is released by Palestinians after over five years. In exchange, Israel releases 1,027 Palestinian prisoners.
 2019 - A bomb attack in Nangarhar, Afghanistan, kills at least 62 people.
 2019 - Astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch perform the first all-female spacewalk.

Births
Up to 1900 
 1127 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (d. 1192)
 1405 – Pope Pius II (d. 1464)
 1547 – Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (d. 1606)
 1569 - Giambattista Marini, Italian poet (d. 1625)
 1585 – Heinrich Schuetz, German composer (d. 1672) (October 8 in Julian calendar)
 1634 - Luca Giordano, Italian artist (d. 1705)
 1653 – Abraham van Riebeeck, Dutch colonial governor (d. 1713)
 1663 - Prince Eugene of Savoy (d. 1736)
 1668 - John George IV, Elector of Saxony (d. 1694)
 1706 - Baldassare Galuppi, Italian composer (d. 1785)
 1741 - Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French general and author (d. 1803)
 1753 - Joseph Bloomfield, Governor of New Jersey (d. 1823)
 1777 – Heinrich von Kleist, German writer (d. 1811)
 1785 - Thomas Love Peacock, English poet and dramatist (d. 1866)
 1801 - Justo José de Urquiza, President of Argentina (d. 1870)
 1804 – Mongkut (Rama IV), King of Siam (Thailand) (d. 1868)
 1805 - Mariano Ospina Rodríguez, President of Colombia (d. 1885)
1822 - Midhat Pasha, 238th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1883)
 1824 - Juan Valera, Spanish writer, diplomat and politician (d. 1905)
 1831 – Frederick III of Germany (d. 1888)
 1836 - Frederick August Otto Schwarz, American entrepreneur (d. 1911)
 1854 – Salomon August Andrée, Swedish explorer (d. 1897)
 1856 - James B. Frazier, Governor of Tennessee (d. 1937)
 1859 – Henri Bergson, French philosopher (d. 1941)
 1865 – Arie de Jong, Dutch linguist (d. 1957)
 1868 - Ernst Didring, Swedish writer (d. 1931)
 1870 - D. T. Suzuki, Japanese author and Buddhist scholar (d. 1966)
 1872 - Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian poet and writer (d. 1936)
 1873 – Ivanoe Bonomi, Italian politician (d. 1951)
 1882 - Lucien Petit-Breton, Argentine-born French cyclist (d. 1917)
 1884 - Hugo Goetz, American swimmer (d. 1972)
 1887 - Takashi Sakai, Japanese Governor of Hong Kong (d. 1946)
 1893 - Sidney Holland, 25th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1961)
 1893 - George Ohsawa, Japanese philosopher (d. 1966)
1894 - Tibor Déry, Hungarian writer (d. 1977)
 1894 - Yury Tynyanov, Russian writer (d. 1943)
 1898 – Lotte Lenya, Austrian singer and actress (d. 1981)
1901  1950 
 1902 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist (d. 1980)
 1902 - Miriam Hopkins, American actress (d. 1972)
 1903 - Lina Radke, German athlete (d. 1983)
 1905 – Jan Gies, Dutch resistance fighter (d. 1993)
 1905 – Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Ivory Coast (d. 1993)
 1906 - James Brooks, American painter (d. 1992)
 1909 – Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher in law and political science (d. 2004)
 1912 - Aurelio Sabattani, Italian cardinal (d. 2003)
 1912 - Philibert Tsiranana, President of Madagascar (d. 1978)
 1914 - Raymond Lambert, Swiss mountaineer (d. 1997)
 1918 - Molly Geertsema, Dutch politician (d. 1991)
 1918 - Bobby Troup, American actor, jazz pianist and singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
 1918 - Konstantinos Mitsotakis, Greek politician, former Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2017)
 1919 – Pierre Trudeau, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2000)
 1919 – Anita O'Day, American singer (d. 2006)
 1919 - Camilla Williams, American opera singer (d. 2012)
1920 – Melina Mercouri, Greek actress and politician (d. 1994)
 1921 – Jesse Helms, American politician (d. 2008)
 1921 - Jerry Cooke, American photographer (d. 2005)
 1923 - Paulo Amaral, Brazilian footballer (d. 2008)
 1923 – Julius Nespral, German actor
 1923 - Jessie Mae Hemphill, American blues electric guitarist and singer-songwriter (d. 2008)
 1923 - Boris Sagal, Ukrainian-American film director (d. 1981)
 1924 - Egil Hovland, Norwegian composer (d. 2013)
 1925 – Ramiz Alia, Albanian politician (d. 2011)
 1925 - N. D. Tiwari, Indian politician (d. 2018)
 1926 – Chuck Berry, American singer and musician (d. 2017)
 1926 - Yoram Gross, Polish-Australian animation producer and director (d. 2015)
 1926 – Klaus Kinski, German actor (d. 1991)
 1927 - George C. Scott, American actor, producer and director (d. 1999)
 1928 - Ernest Simoni, Albanian cardinal
 1929 – Violeta Chamorro, former President of Nicaragua
 1930 - Frank Carlucci, American politician, 16th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2018)
1932 - René Bliard, French footballer (d. 2009)
 1932 – Vytautas Landsbergis, Lithuanian politician
 1933 - Firuz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani politician (d. 2018)
 1933 - Ludovico Scarfiotti, Italian racing driver (d. 1968)
 1934 - Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (d. 1970)
 1934 - Kir Bulychev, Russian science fiction writer (d. 2003)
 1934 - Sylvie Joly, French actress (d. 2015)
 1935 – Peter Boyle, American actor (d. 2006)
 1938 - Bo Holmström, Swedish journalist (d. 2017)
 1938 - Guy Roux, French football manager
 1939 - Flavio Cotti, Swiss politician
 1939 - Mike Ditka, American football player and coach
 1939 – Lee Harvey Oswald, suspected assassin of John F. Kennedy (d. 1963)
 1941 - Timothy Bell, Baron Bell, British advertising and public relations executive (d. 2019)
 1943 – Andrej Bajuk, Slovenian banker and politician (d. 2011)
 1943 - Christine Charbonneau, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
 1945 - Huell Howser, American TV host (d. 2013)
 1945 - Kate Pretty, English archaeologist