Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Mohamed El Ouafa ( - 1948 – 27 December 2020) was a Moroccan politician. He was a member of Istiqlal Party. He was Minister of Education in  Abdelilah Benkirane's cabinet from 2012 to 2013. Between 2000 and 2012 he was Ambassador to India, Iran and Brazil.

Ouafa died of COVID-19 on 27 December 2020 in Rabat, Morocco at the age of 72.

References

1948 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco
Moroccan politicians
Ambassadors
Chandrakant Chiplunkar Seedi Bambawala is a Hindi comedy television series that aired on SAB TV. The show was premiered on August 18th, 2014, and ended on November 12th, 2014. The show revolved around a fire brigade employee of Marathi origin who belonged to a middle-class family.

The show hit the small screen every week from Monday to Friday at 10 p.m. The TV series showcased the funny incidents in which the firefighter gets involved and which then results in a comedy of errors. Every time he gets trapped into hilarious events, his cosmopolitan friends or family members or his neighbors assist him.

The serial explores the life of the Chiplunkar family and their interesting mix of neighbours who always come together to help each other. The lead protagonist is being played by Prashant Damle, as Chandrakant Chiplunkar, a fire brigade employee. Kavita Lad and Anang Desai played supportive cast in the serial.

2014 Indian television series debuts
2014 Indian television series endings
was a Japanese politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party of Japan. He was a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet from 1999 until his death. Hata was born in Tokyo.

He was the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism from June 4, 2012 until December 26, 2012 during the Yoshihiko Noda cabinet. Hata was the son of Prime Minister Tsutomu Hata. 

Hata died in Tokyo on December 27, 2020 after being hospitalized with a fever, aged 53. He was about to be tested for COVID-19 at the time of his death.

References

1967 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Tokyo
Sergio Pintor (16 November 1937 – 27 December 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was an Diocesan Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ozieri from 2006 to 2012. Pintor was born in Oristano, Italy. In 1961, he became a priest.

Pintor died on 27 December 2020 in Ozieri, Italy at the age of 83.

References

1937 births
2020 deaths
Italian Roman Catholic bishops
María del Carmen Calvo Poyato (born 9 June 1957) is a Spanish politician and author. She became the Deputy Prime Minister of Spain in June 2018 and Minister of the Presidency, Relations with the Cortes and Equality in January 2020. Calvo is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party. 

Calvo was born in Cabra, Spain. She studied at University of Seville and the University of Córdoba.

From 2004 until 2011, she was a member of the Congress of Deputies. In 2019, she was re-elected to the congress.

On 25 March 2020, Calvo tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. She made a recovery from the illness in May 2020.

References

1957 births
Living people
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
Spanish writers
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( ; PSOE ) is a social-democratic political party in Spain. The PSOE has been in government for a longer time than any other political party in modern democratic Spain.

The party was in charge of the Spanish government from 1982 to 1996 under Felipe González; from 2004 to 2011 under José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero; and currently since 2014 under Pedro Sánchez.

The PSOE was founded in 1879, making it the oldest party currently active in Spain. When it was founded, it was a marxist party, however they stopped supporting Marxism in 1979.

1880s to 1931
PSOE was founded in Madrid, and its  main objective was the defense of worker's rights and the achievement of the ideals of marxist socialism, by gaining political power for the working class.
From 1879 to 1910 PSOE was a little organisation, having only reprentation in 3 regions. At this time, anarchism was the dominant ideology in the spanish labour movement. In the 1910 Spanish general election, a seat was won by PSOE, and this gave the party more importance at national level.

In 1917, PSOE and UGT (the trade union of the party) participated in the 1917 Spanish general strike and the party won more national attention. In 1920 a split from PSOE formed the Communist Party of Spain. 

In the 1923–1930 dictatorship, some members of PSOE collaborated with the military regime, while others did not.

In the 1931 Spanish local elections PSOE endorsed republican positions.

1931-1936
In 1931 the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed following the 1931 Spanish local elections and the resignment of the spanish king Alfonso XIII. PSOE was the winner of the 1931 general election, the first free elections in Spain.
The party had presence in the 1931-1933 goverment, and in the 1936-1939 goverment. In the 1936 Spanish general elections PSOE was in the "Popular Front" coalition (a coalition of the main left wing spanish parties).

1939 to 1975
Following the Spanish Civil War, PSOE was prohibited and many memebers went to exile. PSOE was the second largest party in illegality during the Franco dictatorship.

In 1974, Felipe González won the leadership of the party, and announced the party will stop supporting marxism, which was made offcial in 1979.
The new ideology of the party was a Centre-left Social democracy.

1975 to 1982
PSOE endorsed the 1978 Spanish constitution. In the 1978 elections, PSOE was the second longest party, being UCD the 1st.

1982 to 1996
In the 1982 general elections, Felipe González won by absolute majority (more than 50%). PSOE will win all the elections from 1982 to 1996. In this era, Spain started to modernise in both social aspects and in economic ones.

In 1996 the PP won the presidency.
2000 to 2010
In the year 2000 José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero won the leadership of the party, and the 2004 and 2008 Spanish general elections. 

Under Zapatero´s rule, the PSOE started embracing progressivism and some social liberal economic policies. This changes were called "Nueva vía" and were very simmilar to the german Neue mitte and to the english New Labour.

2018 - nowdays
Mantaining a simmilar philosophy to Zapatero, Pedro Sánchez was chosen general secretary in 2014.

In 2018, Pedro Sánchez (the opposition leader) was proclaimed president of spain, after Mariano Rajoy lost an impeachment. He won the two 2019 spanish elections and lost the 2023 elections, but, PSOE would join with all the opposition and regional parties to gain the spanish presidency.

References

19th-century establishments in Spain
1879 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Spain
Cabra is a town in Córdoba province, Andalusia, Spain. About 20,940 lived here in 2005.

References

Towns in Spain
Municipalities in Andalusia
Province of Córdoba (Spain)
Alfonso Guerra González (born 31 May 1940) is a Spanish politician. From 1982 to 1991, he was Deputy Prime Minister of Spain.

References

1940 births
Living people
People from Seville
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
Rodolfo Martín Villa (born 3 October 1934) is a Spanish engineer and politician. He was the Deputy Prime Minister of Spain from 1981 to 1982.

He is being investigated in Argentina for murder and crimes against humanity during the 1976 Vitoria massacre.

References

1934 births
Living people
Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain
The Leader of the Opposition () is an unofficial honorary title held by the leader of the largest party in the Congress of Deputies—the lower house of the Spanish parliament.

List of opposition leaders

Notes
Miguel Herrero y Rodríguez de Miñón (born 18 June 1940) is a Spanish jurist and politician. He is a member of the Union of the Democratic Centre until 1982, then of People's Alliance and the People's Party. 

He is one of the "Fathers of the Constitution", the seven politicians who were part of the draft of the Spanish constitution in 1978.

References

1940 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
People from Madrid
Joaquín Almunia Amann (born 17 June 1948) is a Spanish politician. He was President of the European Commissioner for Competition (2009–2014). 

From 1997 to 2000, he was the leader of the opposition as secretary general of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.

References

1948 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
European Union politicians
People from Bilbao
Antonio Hernández Mancha (born 1 April 1951) is a Spanish politician, lawyer and businessman. He was president of the People's Alliance political party and Spain's Leader of the Opposition from 1987 to 1989.

References

Other websites
 Article published by Hernández Mancha in El País
 El PP ya tiene muertos en el armario: el ‘fantasma’ de Antonio Hernández Mancha (article published in El Confidencial) 

1951 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
Spanish businesspeople
Spanish lawyers
The People's Party ( ; known mostly by its acronym, PP ) is a conservative and Christian-democratic political party in Spain.

The People's Party was founded in 1989 from the People's Alliance (AP). This party was created as a more centre-right party instead of a far-right party.

References

1980s establishments in Spain
1989 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Spain
Conservative parties
The 2023 Spanish general election will be held on 23 July 2023, after electoral advance of Pedro Sánchez, to elect the 15th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain.

All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies will be up for election, as well as 208 of 265 seats in the Senate.

Polling

Notes

References

21st century in Spain
21st-century elections
General elections
Elections in Spain
A happiness pump is an idea in philosophy.  A happiness pump is someone who will do anything to make other people happy even if it makes them very unhappy themselves.  They have turned themselves into a machine (a "pump") that makes happiness.

The happiness pump is a way of showing problems in utilitarianism.  Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy.  It is a way of deciding which actions are good and which are bad.  In utilitarianism, actions that make more happiness or stop pain are good.  Actions that stop happiness or make pain are bad.  In utilitarianism, it does not matter who is becoming happier or feeling less pain.  That means that, in utilitarianism, helping strangers is good.  The happiness pump is a person who has taken utilitarianism too far and will give themselves lots of pain so long as they believe it makes other people somewhere in the world much happier.
The happiness pump is only an idea.  Philosopher Joshua David Greene says it is almost impossible to be a happiness pump for real.  People who even tried would give up.

In popular culture

A happiness pump character is on one episode of the television show The Good Place.

Related pages
Thought experiment

References

Philosophy
Inés Arrimadas García (; born 3 July 1981) is a Spanish lawyer and politician. She has been a member of the Congress of Deputies since 2019 and Spokesperson of Citizens party in the Congress. In 2020, she was elected party leader.

References
 

1981 births
Living people
Spanish politicians
The April 2019 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 28 April 2019, to elect the 13th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 266 seats in the Senate.

With a turnout of 71.8%, the controlling party PSOE of Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez won a victory—the first for the party in a nationwide election in eleven years—with 28.7% of the vote and 123 seats. In the Senate, the PSOE became the largest party in the chamber for the first time since 1995, winning its first majority of seats in that chamber since the 1989 election. 

However, no party won an outright majority and the top three winners of this race had the option for a coalition government. To prevent this, Prime Minister Sánchez ordered a new election to be held seven months later.

Notelist

References

April 2019 events
2010s elections in Spain
2019 elections in Europe
General elections
Elections in Spain
The November 2019 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 10 November 2019, to elect the 14th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 208 of 265 seats in the Senate.

Voter turnout was the lowest since 1975. The opposition party People's Party (PP) won a few seats while the far-right Vox party won many seats, taking away from the Citizens (Cs). 

However, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party won the majority of the seats and popular vote and formed a coalition government with the Unidas Podemos party.

Notes

References

November 2019 events
2010s elections in Spain
2019 elections in Europe
General elections
Elections in Spain
Oriol Junqueras i Vies (; born 11 April 1969) is a Spanish politician, historian and academic.

He was mayor of Sant Vicenç dels Horts. He was Vice President of Catalonia from January 2016 to October 2017. He is president of the Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC).

References

1969 births
Living people
Spanish historians
Politicians from Barcelona
MEPs for Spain
Spanish academics
Autonomous University of Barcelona alumni
The president of the Government of Catalonia (, ) is one of the main parts of government that make up the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia. The president also is head of government of Catalonia.

The current acting president is Pere Aragonès following Quim Torra's disqualification as president in 28 September 2020.

Presidents (since 1977)

References
Josep Tarradellas i Joan (), 1st Marquess of Tarradellas (1899 in Cervelló, Baix Llobregat – 1988 in Barcelona) was a Spanish politician. He was President of Catalonia from 1954 to 1980.

References

1899 births
1988 deaths
Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
José Montilla Aguilera (born 15 January 1955 in Iznájar, Córdoba, Spain) is a Spanish politician who is currently a member of the Spanish Senate.  He was the 128th President of Generalitat de Catalunya.

References

1955 births
Living people
Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
Artur Mas i Gavarró (; born 31 January 1956) is a Spanish politician. He was president of the Government of Catalonia from 2010 to 2015 and acting president from September 2015 to 12 January 2016.

References

1956 births
Living people
Politicians from Barcelona
Presidents of the Government of Catalonia
Hugo Clément (born 7 October 1989 in Strasbourg) is a French journalist.

1989 births
Living people
French journalists
Southeast Brazil () is one of five official regions in Brazil.  It borders South Brazil, Center-West Brazil, and Northeast Brazil.  It makes 60% of Brazil's gross domestic product.  Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro,  Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo  are all in Southeast Brazil.

References

Regions of Brazil
Tom and Jerry: The Movie (also known as Tom and Jerry: The Great Escape) is an 1993 German-American animated comedy-adventure musical family movie directed by Phil Roman produced by Film Roman and Turner Entertainment, distributed by Miramax Films, released in Germany by October 1, 1992 and United States on July 30, 1993. as the first film's installment of the Tom and Jerry Movie trilogy, with few direct-to-video sequels then.

Voice cast 
 Richard Kind as Tom Cat
 Dana Hill as Jerry Mouse
 Anndi McAfee as Robyn Starling
 Ed Gilbert as Puggsy
 David Lander as Frankie Da Flea
 Charlotte Rae as Aunt Pristine Figg 
 Tony Jay as Lickboot
 Rip Taylor as Captain Kiddie
 Howard Morris as Squawk
 Henry Gibson as Dr. Applecheek
 Michael Bell as Ferdinand, Straycatcher 1/Larry
 Sydney Lassick as Straycatcher 2/Sid
 Don Messick as Droopy
Additional voices include Raymond McLeod as Bulldog, Alley Cat 1, Scott Wohjahn as Alley Cat 3, Mitchell D. Moore as Alley Cat 2, Greg Burson, BJ Ward, Tino Insana.
1993 comedy movies
1993 adventure movies
German movies
English-language movies
1993 movies
American animated movies
Movies based on TV series
Movies set in the 1990s
Miramax movies
1990s comedy movies
Tom and Jerry
Tom and Jerry movies
Beyond the Forest is a 1949 American crime drama movie directed by King Vidor and was based on the novel of the same name by Stuart Engstrand. It stars Bette Davis, Joseph Cotten, David Brian, Ruth Roman, Minor Watson, Regis Toomey and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1950.

Other websites
 
 
 

1949 crime drama movies
1940s American crime drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by King Vidor
Warner Bros. movies
Ólafur Darri Ólafsson (born 13 March 1973) is an Icelandic actor, producer and screenwriter. He is known for roles in movies such as Children (2006), The Deep (2012), The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (2013) and The Vanishing (2018). His television work includes shows such as Trapped and Lady Dynamite.

Ólafur was born in Connecticut, United States, the son of Icelandic parents. He holds dual citizenship of Iceland and the United States. He has two children with dancer Lovísa Ósk Gunnarsdóttir.

References

Other websites

Living people
1973 births
Actors from Connecticut
American movie actors
American movie producers
American television actors
American screenwriters
Icelandic people
Writers from Connecticut
Major John André (b. 1750 - d. 1780) was a British officer in the American War for Independence.  He helped Benedict Arnold change sides to the British army and tried to take the fort West Point for the British.  He was killed for the crime of being a spy.

Early life

André was born in 1750 in London.

His parents were Huguenots.  The Huguenots were Protestants who had lived in France.  When the French government said it was illegal to be Protestants, many Huguenots went to other countries.  André's mother went to England when she was young.  His mother had been born in France and his father had been born in Geneva.  André's father was a merchant—he earned money by buying and selling things.  André's parents had one other son and three daughters.

André went to school in Geneva and then came back to England in 1767.  He had a good education.  He could draw, paint, play the flute, write poems, and speak English, French, German, and Italian.
André wanted to join the army, but at that time, people did not become officers unless they could buy the position.  When André's father died in 1769, André had to make money to take care of his family.  He became a merchant in his father's business.

André fell in love with an English woman named Honora Sneyd.  But Sneyd's guardians would not let them marry unless André became rich.  André worked hard to be a good merchant.  But then Honora Sneyd changed her mind.  Then André joined the army.  Sneyd's foster sister, Anna Seward, said André joined the army because he had a broken heart.

Army career

André joined the army on March 4, 1771.  He did special training in Germany for two years.  In 1774, he went to Canada with the Royal Welsh  Fusileers.  He was a lieutenant at the time.  André helped defend St. John's from the American army.  The siege lasted two months, and the British lost.
André was captured at St. John's.  Because he was an officer and not an enlisted man, he was held prisoner in inns instead of barracks and ate dinner with rich people.  André was kept prisoner in the house of the Cope family in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.  Many people in Lancaster County spoke German, and so could André, so he made friends.  André also taught art to the Copes' son.

In 1776, André was sent back to the British army.  He was traded for American prisoners.  He wrote a book about everything he had learned about the British Colonies and drew maps of places he had been.  He gave the book to British General William Howe in New York City.  Howe thought the book was very good and that André was very intelligent.  He promoted André to captain and made him aide to Major-General Charles Grey.
André was part of the invasion of Philadelphia in 1777.  At the time, Philadelphia was the largest city in the thirteen colonies.  The British captured it.  André fought in the Battle of Brandywine, the Paoli Massacre, the Battle of Germantown, the Battle of Monmouth, and Grey's raids into Massachusetts and New Jersey in 1778.  André kept a personal book during this time.  That book is now a valuable historical source about the war.

During the winter of 1777-1778, there was less fighting because it was too cold and snowy.  John André lived in Philadelphia in Benjamin Franklin's house.  He wrote poetry for women, for example Peggy Shippen.  He also threw a large party called the Mischianza to honor General Howe and his brother, Admiral Richard Howe.  When the British left Philadelphia, André packed up and stole many of Benjamin Franklin's inventions, books, and other things.  Historians think General Grey may have ordered him to do this.

In 1778, André was promoted to major and deputy Adjutant General.
In May of 1779, Benedict Arnold, a high-ranking American officer, told André he wanted to change sides if the British would give him £10,000 and high rank in the British military.  He was the commander of the fort West Point.  If the British had West Point, they could control the Hudson Valley and they would be much stronger in New England.  André and Arnold sent letters to each other for months.

In 1779, André went with General Clinton to attack Charleston, South Carolina, and they won.  André returned north with Clinton and began talking to Arnold again.  Arnold said he had to meet André in person to plan the surrender of West Point.

Capture and trial
Capture and trial

In September 1779, André got on a ship and sailed up the Hudson.  He met Arnold, who gave him papers and the plans to West Point.  But André could not get back to his ship because American forces had attacked it, and it had sailed away.  André decided to go back to British territory in disguise.  He took off his British army uniform and put on ordinary clothes.  On the way, he was captured by American freelance soldiers.  They found the papers Arnold had given André.  They arrested André as a spy.
Because André had been in disguise and not wearing his uniform, he was legally a spy and not only an enemy soldier.  The punishment for being a spy was much worse.  André was put on trial in Tappan, New York.  Many of his friends wrote letters to George Washington to ask that he be allowed to live.  Others asked that he be allowed to die by firing squad, which was the usual way soldiers were killed.  On September 29, 1780, André was found guilty of being "under a feigned name and in a disguised habit." He was sentenced to die by hanging.  André was hanged at noon on October 2, 1780.

Burial

At first, André was buried next to the Hudson River.  A peach tree grew on top of his grave.  In 1782, King George III had a monument built for André in Westminster Abbey.

In 1821, people dug up John André's bones and took them to England.  He is buried in Westminster Abbey.  They took the peach tree too and replanted it in the king's garden. There is another monument in Tappan, New York.

In popular culture
In popular culture

A fictional John André is in the television series Turn.

References

1750 births
1780 deaths
British military people
Spies
New York's 21st congressional district is a congressional district in the state of New York in the United States of America. As of the 2020 United States presidential election Republican representative Elise Stefanik is the current representative for the district. The district is the largest district in New York and is made up of the entire counties of, Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Hamilton, Jefferson, Lewis, St. Lawrence, Warren, and Washington. Parts of Herkimer and Saratoga counties are also part of the 21st district.

Recent election results

References

21
Tostig Godwinson was a man who lived in England in the 1000s c.e.  He was the younger brother of King Harold II. He was the third son of Earl Godwine of Wessex and his Danish wife Gytha, who was the daughter of Thorkell Sprakaleg.

Tostig, his father, and his brothers were banished from England in 1051 by the Saxon King Edward the Confessor but they came back in 1052. After Earl Siward died three years later, he was appointed Earl of Northumbria, Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire.

He rebelled against Harold and fought alongside Viking forces at the battle of Stamford bridge, where he died in battle.

References

English royalty
Munchos are a potato chips snack food. They are manufactured from dehydrated potatoes by Frito-Lay. 

They are somewhat similar to Lay's Stax and Pringles. These are also made with dried potatoes. They are kosher.

The chips were first made in 1969.

References

1969 establishments in the United States
Snack foods
Lay's Stax is a potato chip snack food. It was produced by Frito-Lay. It was introduced in 2003 as a direct competition to Pringles.

Lay's Stax potato chips are heavier and thicker than Pringles. The shape of Stax is a simple curve called a hyperbolic cylinder. Pringles are formed into a double-curve.

References

Snack foods
The Eve of St. Mark is a 1944 American World War II fantasy movie directed by John M. Stahl and was based on the 1942 play of the same name by Maxwell Anderson. It stars Vincent Price, Harry Morgan, Ruth Nelson, Anne Baxter and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.

Other websites
 
 

1944 war movies
1940s fantasy movies
American war movies
American fantasy movies
World War II movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by John M. Stahl
The Langbian Plateau frog  or Chantaburi Stream frog ("Hylarana" montivaga) is a frog from Vietnam and Thailand. Scientists think it may also live in Cambodia and Laos.

References

Frogs of Asia
Dodie Stevens (born Geraldine Ann Pasquale; February 17, 1946) is an American pop and rock singer. She's best known for her 1959 song "Pink Shoe Laces". It began at #96 on the United States Billboard Hot 100. It peaked at #3 on the chart.

Other Stevens songs are "Merry, Merry Christmas Baby."

Stevens was born in Chicago, Illinois. She and her family moved to the San Gabriel Valley in California when she was a child.

References

Singers from Chicago
American rock singers
American pop singers
1946 births
Living people
The San Gabriel Valley is one of the main valleys in Southern California. It lies generally to the east of Los Angeles. The surrounding areas include:

 The San Gabriel Mountains to the north

 San Rafael Hills to the west

 Puente Hills to the south, with the coastal plain of Orange County beyond

 Chino Hills and San Jose Hills to the east, with the Pomona Valley and Inland Empire beyond

The San Gabriel Valley gets its name from the San Gabriel River.

Pasadena is the largest city in the valley.

Cities and communities 

The San Gabriel Valley is in Los Angeles County. The incorporated cities and unincorporated neighborhoods of the San Gabriel Valley include:
Altadena
 Alhambra
 Arcadia
 Avocado Heights
 Azusa
 Baldwin Park
 Bassett
 Bradbury
 Charter Oak
 Citrus
 City of Industry
 Claremont
 Covina
 Diamond Bar
 Duarte
 East Pasadena
 El Monte
 Glendora
 Hacienda Heights
 Hillgrove
 Irwindale
 La Puente
 La Verne
 Los Angeles (El Sereno)
 Mayflower Village
 Monrovia
 Monterey Park
 North El Monte
 Pasadena
 Pomona
 Rosemead
 Rowland Heights
 San Dimas
 San Gabriel
 San Marino
 San Pasqual
 Sierra Madre
 South El Monte
 South Pasadena
 South San Gabriel
 South San Jose Hills
 Temple City
 Valinda
 Vincent
 Walnut
 West Covina
 West Puente Valley

References

Valleys of California
While the City Sleeps is a 1956 American crime thriller movie directed by Fritz Lang and was based on the 1953 novel The Bloody Spur by Charles Einstein. It stars Dana Andrews, Rhonda Fleming, George Sanders, Howard Duff, Thomas Mitchell, Vincent Price, John Drew Barrymore and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.

Other websites
 
 
 

1956 movies
1956 crime movies
1950s thriller movies
1950s crime thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Fritz Lang
Movies set in New York City
The cup is a unit of measure in the U.S. customary system. It is defined as 8 fluid ounces.

Units of volume
Bearberry is the name for three species of  small woody plants in the heath family, Ericaceae. They grow well in cold places. Each species has subspecies. They can grow well in poor soil (for example soil that is mostly sand). 

They have edible fruit. Their leaves are sometimes used for folk medicine.<ref name=":0">Schofield, Janice J.  1989. Discovering wild plants: Alaska, western Canada, the Northwest p. 217. ISBN 978-0-88240-355-7</ref> The common name comes from the fact that bears often eat them.

 Species 
The three species are:

 Alpine bearberry, Arctostaphylos alpina: Grows in the Alps, and is 10-30cm high.
 Red bearberry, Arctostaphylos  rubra: Grows in the mountains in Sichuan province, China, Siberia, Alaska, and northern Canada.  Leaves fall offf in autumn. Also 10-30cm high. Fruit are red.
 Common bearberry''', Arctostaphylos uva-ursi:'' Common in the northern Hemisphere. This is what most people refer to as 'bearberry'.

References 

Ericaceae
Barbara Ellen Rose (June 11, 1936 – December 25, 2020) was an American art historian, art critic, curator, college professor, and filmmaker. She was born in Washington, D.C.. She wrote the screenplay for the 1977 documentary North Star: Mark di Suvero. Rose wrote for Vogue, Art in America, Artforum, and Partisan Review.

Rose died on December 25, 2020, from problems caused by breast cancer in Concord, New Hampshire, aged 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
American art critics
American historians
American screenwriters
Academics from Washington, D.C.
Bronisława Kowalska (1955 – 26 December 2020) was a Polish politician. She was a Deputy from 1993 to 2005 and was a Member of the European Parliament in 2004. Kowalska was born in Starachowice, Poland.

Kowalska died on 26 December 2020 from COVID-19 in Warsaw at the age of 65.

References

1955 births
2020 deaths
MEPs for Poland
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
José Luiz Carbone (22 March 1946 – 27 December 2020) was a Brazilian footballer and coach. He was born in São Paulo. He played for São Paulo, Ponte Preta, Metropol, Internacional, Botafogo and Nacional (SP).

He played for the Brazilian national team from 1973 to 1974 making six appearances.

Carbone died of liver cancer in hospital in Campinas, Brazil on 27 December 2020 at the age of 74.

References

1946 births
2020 deaths
Footballers from São Paulo
Brazilian football managers
Deaths from liver cancer
Marian Gerard Jochman (2 February 1935 – 27 December 2020) was a Polish long-distance runner. He competed in the men's 5000 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Jochman died on 27 December 2020 at the age of 85.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Polish Olympians
Polish athletes
Long-distance runners
Antonio Velasco Piña (8 September 1935 – 27 December 2020) was a Mexican novelist, spiritual writer and essayist. He was the founder of La Nueva Mexicanidad, a group supporting Aztec religion. He was born in Buenavista de Cuellar, Guerrero.

Velasco Piña died on 27 December 2020 in Mexico City at the age of 85.

Works
 Anibal y Escipion (2013) 
 San Judas Tadeo (2010) 
 Cartas a Elizabeth
 Dos Guerreros Olmecas
Regina - Dos de octubre no se olvida (1987)
El despertar de Teotihuacan (1994)
Tlacaelel, El Azteca entre los Aztecas
 La mujer dormida debe dar a luz
 El retorno de lo sagrado
El círculo negro. El grupo secreto detrás del poder en México (2006)

References

Mexican writers
1935 births
2020 deaths
People from Guerrero (state)
Philip Henry Niekro ( ; April 1, 1939 – December 26, 2020), nicknamed "Knucksie", was an American baseball pitcher. He played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves. He played with New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians and Toronto Blue Jays.

Niekro was honored into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1997. He was born in Blaine, Ohio.

Niekro died of cancer on December 26, 2020 in Flowery Branch, Georgia at the age of 81.

References

1939 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Georgia (U.S. state)
Atlanta Braves players
New York Yankees players
Cleveland Indians players
Toronto Blue Jays players
Sportspeople from Ohio
National Baseball Hall of Fame members
Hugo Travers (born 6 April 1997 in Versailles), also known as HugoDécrypte, is a French journalist and YouTuber.

Hugo Travers is known for his YouTube videos which has daily news updates in French, and more detailed videos on his second channel.

References 

1997 births
Living people
French YouTubers
French journalists
Blaine is an unincorporated community in northern Pease Township, Belmont County, Ohio, United States. It has a post office, with the ZIP code of 43909.

References

Unincorporated communities in Ohio
Pease Township is one of sixteen townships of Belmont County, Ohio, United States. The 2010 census showed 14,309 people living in the township.

References

Townships in Ohio
Flowery Branch is a city in Hall County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had 9,391 people living here.

References

Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Margaret Weis (born March 16, 1948) is an American fantasy and science fiction writer and author of dozens of novels and short stories. She is one of the creators of the Dragonlance game world.

Dragonlance 
In 1983, Weis signed up for a job as games editor at TSR Inc. She didn't get that job. She was, however, hired as book editor. She worked in the TSR book division until 1986.

Weis was born in Independence, Missouri. She now lives in Wisconsin.

References

1948 births
American science fiction writers
American novelists
Writers from Missouri
People from Independence, Missouri
Living people
On June 14, 2015, Clauddine "Dee Dee" Blanchard was murdered in the bedroom of her house in Springfield, Missouri. Her body was lying on the bed covered in blood from stab wounds which were caused days earlier. 

Dee Dee's daughter Gypsy Rose, who, according to Blanchard suffered from leukemia, asthma, muscular dystrophy, and brain damage was not in the house at the time the body's discovery. 

The following day, police found Gypsy Rose in Wisconsin, where she had traveled with her boyfriend Nicholas Godejohn. Dee Dee faked all the illness that Gypsy had and many people were mad at Dee Dee because of it. 

Godejohn and Gypsy planned and killed Dee Dee while she was sleeping. Many believed Gypsy killing her mother was justified because the mother was mentally abusing her. 

Gypsy Rose was found guilty to second-degree murder and is serving a 10-year sentence. After a brief trial in November 2018 Godejohn was convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.
References

June 2015 events
2015 in the United States
2015 murders in the United States
Murders by blade weapons
Deaths by person in the United States
Arbutus is a genus of flowering plants in the Ericaceae family. There are 12 species, which mostly grow around the Mediterranean, and in Central America. The type species is Arbutus unedo, which is known as strawberry tree in English. All species are either trees or shrubs.

Certain Lepidoptera species use Arbutus as food. Some species are cultivated as ornamental plants outside their range.

Ericaceae
The 2021 Atlantic hurricane season was the third most active Atlantic hurricane season. It officially began on June 1, 2021, and ended on November 30, 2021. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most Atlantic tropical cyclones form. However, tropical cyclogenesis is possible at any time of the year, as demonstrated by the early formation of Subtropical Storm Ana on May 22, making 2021 the seventh consecutive year that a storm formed before the official start of the season. In June 3 named storms formed during the month making June 2021 the most active June since 1968 and also tied with 1886, 1909, and 1936.

Starting this season, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began to issue regular Tropical Weather Outlooks on May 15, two weeks earlier than it did in the past. This change was implemented in light of the fact that named systems had formed in the Atlantic Ocean prior to the official start of the season in each of the preceding six seasons.

Season Summary
Season Summary

Systems

Tropical Storm Ana 

Tropical Storm Ana was the first tropical cyclone of the year. This storm threatened Bermuda, warranting a Tropical Storm Watch, but it did not affect that area. It moved northeast and dissipated on May 24. This storm formed before hurricane season officially begun, continuing the 7-year streak of pre-season systems.

Tropical Storm Bill 
Tropical Storm Bill threatened the East Coast of the United States as it formed into Tropical Depression Two, but it did not affect that reigon and continued northeast into the Atlantic Ocean, south of Canada, and dissipated on June 16.
Tropical Storm Claudette 
Tropical Storm Claudette formed just off the coast of Louisiana and made landfall in eastern Terrebonne Parish, and weakened to a tropical depression travelled across Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, the Carolinas, and southern Virginia before moving into the Atlantic, reintensifying into a tropical storm on June 21 and turning post-tropical the next day. The storm later dissipated the next day. This storm killed 14 people in Alabama, 4 of which were direct.

Tropical Storm Danny 

Tropical Storm Danny formed off the coast of South Carolina and made landfall in that state. This made Danny the first June storm to make landfall in South Carolina since Hurricane One in 1867. It dissipated inland the next day.

Hurricane Elsa
Hurricane Elsa 

Tropical Storm Elsa formed on the early morning hours of July 1, 2021, and intensified into a tropical storm later that day. This made it the earliest fifth tropical cyclone to form in the Atlantic since reliable records begun in 1851. This is also the second earliest storm to form this far east in the Main Development Region, only behind the 1933 Trinidad hurricane. This storm rapidly moved towards the Lesser Antillies at 30 mph after it became a tropical storm.

Tropical Storm Fred

Hurricane Grace

Hurricane Henri

Hurricane Ida
Hurricane Ida

Hurricane Ida was a powerful Category 4 hurricane that affected Gulf Coast of the United States, Southeastern United States, and Northeastern United States in late August 2021 into early September 2021. Ida was the ninth named storm, and fourth hurricane of the 2021 Atlantic hurricane season, Ida originated from a tropical wave first monitored by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) on August 23, moving into the Caribbean Sea and developing into a tropical storm on August 26. On August 27, Ida became a Category 1 hurricane and initiated rapid intensification on the next day, becoming a Category 2 hurricane at 18:00 UTC on August 28.

Tropical Storm Kate

Tropical Storm Julian

Hurricane Larry

Tropical Storm Mindy

Hurricane Nicholas

Tropical Storm Odette

Tropical Storm Peter

Tropical Storm Rose

Hurricane Sam

Subtropical Storm Teresa

Tropical Storm Victor

Tropical Storm Wanda
Storm names
These names will be used for named storms that form in the North Atlantic in 2021. Retired names, if any, will be announced by the World Meteorological Organization in the spring of 2022. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2027 season. This is the same list used in the 2015 season,  with the exceptions of Elsa and Julian, which replaced Erika and Joaquin. The names Elsa, Julian, Rose, Sam, Teresa, Victor, and Wanda was used for the first time this year.

Season effects
This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 2021 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, landfall(s)–denoted by bold location names – damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2021 USD.

References
References

2021 Atlantic hurricane season
2021 disasters in North America
Norman Thavaud (born 14 April 1987) is a French YouTuber.

1987 births
French YouTubers
People from Pas-de-Calais
Living people
"A Star Is Burns" is the 18th episode of the 6th season of The Simpsons. It was first shown on the Fox network on March 5, 1995.

Other websites 

The Simpsons (season 6) episodes
1995 television episodes
A Dobsonian telescope is an Newtonian telescope design.

It is "altazimuth-mounted".  An altazimuth or alt-azimuth mount is a simple two-axis mount. It supports and rotates an instrument about two perpendicular axes – one vertical and the other horizontal. 

Rotation about the vertical axis varies the compass bearing of where the instrument points (the azimuth). Rotation about the horizontal axis varies the altitude (angle of elevation) of the pointing direction.

It was popularised by John Dobson in 1965. It increased the size of telescopes for amateur astronomers. Dobson's telescopes had a simplified mechanical design that was easy to make from readily available components. It made a large, portable, low-cost telescope. 

The design works for looking at faint, deep-sky objects such as nebulae and galaxies. This type of observation needs a large objective diameter (i.e. light-gathering power) of relatively short focal length. It can be taken to less light-polluted places.

References 

Telescopes
A lava lamp is a decorative lamp, invented in 1963 by British entrepreneur Edward Craven Walker, who made the lighting company Mathmos. The lamp usually takes 2 to 6 hours to heat up, but this also depends on the light bulb which is heating the wax. The lamps are designed in a variety of styles and colours, for example, a mixture of blue and red. The wax inside usually reflects the colours.

Lamps
Arthur Berckmans (3 May 1929 – 28 December 2020), better known as Berck, was a Belgian comics writer. He wrote Sammy. He was born in Leuven, Belgium. He retired in 1994. He also worked on Zonneland.

Berckmans died on 28 December 2020 at the age of 91.

References

Other websites
 
 

1929 births
2020 deaths
Belgian writers
Comics writers
People from Leuven
Maria Gąsienica Bukowa-Kowalska (2 January 1936 – 27 December 2020) was a Polish cross-country skier. She competed in the women's 10 km and the women's 3 × 5 km relay events at the 1956 Winter Olympics. Bukowa-Kowalska was born in Kościelisko, Poland.

Bukowa-Kowalska died on 27 December 2020 at the age of 84.

References

1936 births
2020 deaths
Polish Olympians
Polish skiers
Armando Manzanero Canché (7 December 1935 – 28 December 2020) was a Mexican bolero singer-songwriter, composer and pianist. He was born in Mérida, Yucatán. His career began in 1950. His record label was RCA Records. His best known singles were: "Somos Novios (It's Impossible)", "Mía" and "Adoro".

In 2014, Manzanero was honored with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

On 17 December 2020, Manzanero was hospitalized in Mexico City after being diagnosed with COVID-19. He died five days later from the infection, aged 85.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Grammy Award winners
Mexican singer-songwriters
Mexican musicians
Mexican composers
Pianists
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
People from Yucatán (state)
Mérida () is the capital and largest city in the Yucatán state in Mexico. It is also the largest city of the Yucatán Peninsula.

References

Capital cities in Mexico
Yucatán (state)
Chris Wilder (born 23 September 1967) is an English football manager and a former player. He is currently the manager of Premier League football club Sheffield United.

References

1967 births
English footballers
English football managers
Sportspeople from Sheffield
Living people
Yaël Braun-Pivet (born 7 December 1970 in Nancy) is a French lawyer, activism associative and politician. She was the Minister of the Overseas from May 2022 to June 2022.

Yaël was member of the Socialist Party (PS) and then of En Marche (now La République en Marche). She was elected as member of the national assembly on 18 June 2017, as a representative for the department of Yvelines.

She is Chair of the Committee on Constitutional Laws, Legislation and the General Administration of the Republic in the French National Assembly.

Personal life
Braun-Pivet is married and has five children.

References

Other websites

1970 births
Living people
Socialist Party (France) politicians
French lawyers
Politicians from Grand Est
People from Nancy
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 fantasy movie directed by David Yates. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 2003 novel of the same name. The fifth movie in the Harry Potter movie series, it was written by Michael Goldenberg and produced by David Heyman and David Barron.  

The movie stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. 

The movie had a budget between £75 and 100 million ($150–200 million). Warner Bros. released the movie in North America on 11 July 2007 and in the United Kingdom on 12 July. It is the first Potter movie to be released in IMAX 3D.

Order of the Phoenix opened to a worldwide five-day opening of $333 million. The movie was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008.
Plot 
During the summer holidays, Harry Potter and his cousin Dudley are attacked by Dementors. Harry uses magic to defeat them but his aunt and uncle blame him for the attack. Harry meets the Order of the Phoenix, a group of good witches and wizards who want to fight the Death Eaters. His godfather, Sirius Black, is one of the leaders. The Order tells Harry that the Ministry of Magic is trying to convince the magical community that Lord Voldemort is dead, but in reality, he came back to life in the previous movie.
Harry, Ron, Hermione, Ginny, Luna and Neville travel to the Department of Mysterious. Harry realises that the dream wasn't real and that Sirius isn't there. They find an prophecy which contains information about Harry and Voldemort's bond. The group are attacked by Death Eaters but they are rescued by Sirius and the Order of the Phoenix. A battle takes place and Bellatrix manages to kill Sirius Black. Both Dumbledore and Voldemort arrive and fight each other. The Minister of Magic enters the room just as Voldemort escapes. The Ministry is forced to admit Voldemort has returned. Harry must now come to terms with what the prophecy said: "neither can live while the other survives", in reference to Harry and Voldemort.

References

2007 fantasy movies
2000s American fantasy movies
British fantasy movies
Harry Potter 5
Movies based on books
Harry Potter 5
Movies composed by John Williams
Movies set in London
Movies set in Scotland
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince is a 2009 fantasy movie directed by David Yates. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 2005 novel of the same name. The movie, which is the sixth one in the Harry Potter movie series. 

It stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. 

With a budget of $250 million, it is one of the most expensive movies ever made. At the time, it was the most expensive movie in the Harry Potter movie series.

Plot 
Lord Voldemort gives Draco Malfoy the task of killing Professor Dumbledore. Draco's mother, Narcissa makes a deal with Severus Snape that he must kill Dumbledore if Draco cannot. Meanwhile, Harry Potter and Dumbledore recruit Professor Slughorn to work as the new potions teacher at Hogwarts school.
As the school year begins, Harry's friend Ron Weasley falls in love with Lavender Brown, making Hermione Granger upset. Harry finds a potions and spellbook written by a former Hogwarts student who called themselves the "Half-Blood Prince". A half-blood is a wizard who has one magical parent and one non-magical parent. Pure-bloods have two magical parents while muggle-borns have two non-magical parents. Voldemort wants rid of all wizards who are not pure-bloods.

Dumbledore and Harry look into Professor Slughorn's memories and find out that Slughorn taught Voldemort when he was at school. Slughorn told Voldemort about Horcruxes, objects which an evil wizard can put his soul inside of so he can be immortality. Dumbledore realises that Voldemort has been using Horcruxes to survive after death. Two of them have already been destroyed.