Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Career

Early work 
In 1936, Tipton lead a band playing on the radio station, KFXR. In 1938, Tipton joined Louvenie’s Western Swingbillies. This band played on another rado station, KTOK, and at Brown's Tavern. In 1940, Tipton was touring the Midwest and playing at dances with Scott Cameron's band. Starting in 1941, he played for two and a half years at Joplin, Missouri's Cotton Club with George Meyer's band. He then toured for a time with Ross Carlyle. Later, he played for two years in Texas.

In 1949, Tipton began touring the Pacific Northwest with George Meyer. A local radio station recorded the band's appearances at Roseburg, Oregon's Shalimar Room. Recordings of Tipton's early playing include "If I Knew Then" and "Sophisticated Swing". The band was well known for the song "Flying Home". They played the song like Benny Goodman's band did.
George Meyer's band became more successful, and they began getting better chances to perform. They played with The Ink Spots, the Delta Rhythm Boys, and Billy Eckstine at the Boulevard Club in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.

Bandleader 
Tipton began playing piano alone at the Elks club in Longview, Washington. In Longview, he started the Billy Tipton Trio. This band was Tipton on piano, Dick O'Neil on drums, and Kenny Richards (and later Ron Kilde) on bass. The trio became popular in the area.

A talent scout from Tops Records heard them play at King's Supper Club in Santa Barbara, California and got them a contract to record songs. The Billy Tipton Trio made two albums of jazz standards for Tops, Sweet Georgia Brown and Billy Tipton Plays Hi-Fi on Piano, in 1957. The albums sold 17,678 copies. This was a good number for a small independent record label.
After the albums' success, the Holiday Hotel in Reno, Nevada asked them to become play there regularly. Tops Records asked the trio to record four more albums. Tipton said no both offers. Instead, he moved to Spokane, Washington worked as an agent. The trio played every week at Allen's Tin Pan Alley as the house band. He played mainly swing standards and less jazz, even though he preferred jazz. His performances also included skits like vaudeville performers did. He imitated celebrities like Liberace and Elvis Presley. In some of these comedy skits, he played a little girl. He helped young musicians at the Dave Sobol Theatrical Agency.

In the late 1970s, Tipton's arthritis got worse and he had to retire from music.
Personal life 
Early in his career, Tipton appeared as a male only as a musician. He appeared as a woman at other times. He lived with a woman named Non Earl Harrell. Other musicians thought this was a lesbian relationship. The relationship ended in 1942. Tipton's next relationship was with a singer known only as "June". This lasted for several years.

Then, or seven years, Tipton lived with a young woman named Betty Cox. She was 19 when they started their relationship. Cox said they had a heterosexual relationship. Betty remembered Tipton as "the most fantastic love of my life." Tipton kept the secret of his physical sexual characteristics a secret from Betty with a story. Tipton said that he had been in a serious car accident which had badly damaged his genitals and broken some ribs. He said he had to wear bandages protect his damaged chest. He told his female partners this story later in his life. Tipton was never legally married, but several women had drivers' licenses naming them Mrs. Tipton.
In 1960, Tipton ended the relationship with Cox. He settle down with nightclub dancer and stripper, Kitty Kelly (later known as Kitty Oakes). Her professional name was "The Irish Venus." They were involved with their local PTA and with the Boy Scouts. They adopted three sons, John, Scott, and William. After Tipton died, Kitty gave several interviews about him and their relationship. In early interviews, she said, “He gave up everything... There were certain rules and regulations in those days if you were going to be a musician.” She was taking about trying to be part of 1920−30s music industry. His son William described Tipton as a good father who loved to go on Scout camping trips.

They had trouble with their adopted sons during their adolescence. The couple often argued over how they should raise the boys. Tipton left Kitty in the late 1970s and moved into a mobile home with their sons. He restarted an old relationship with Maryann. He was poor, but stayed there until his death.
Death and after 
In 1989, at the age of 74, Tipton had medical problems. He said it was emphysema and refused to call a doctor. Actually he  had a hemorrhaging peptic ulcer. He died because he did not get medical care for this serious problem. His son William watched while paramedics were trying to save Tipton's life. That is how William learned that his father was born female. Tipton was pronounced dead at Valley General Hospital. The coroner shared the secret with the rest of the family. Kitty had his body to be cremated so that nobody would find out, but one of their sons did not keep the secret. A newspaper article was published the day after Tipton's funeral and wire services picked it up. Stories about Tipton appeared in papers including tabloids such as National Enquirer and Star, as well as more serious papers such as New York Magazine and The Seattle Times. Tipton's family even made talk show appearances.
Works inspired by Tipton 
 The 1991 song "Tipton" by folksinger Phranc is a tribute to Billy Tipton.
"Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man" is a 1995 short movie based on the life and career of Billy Tipton.
 Stevie Wants to Play the Blues was a play based on Tipton's life written by Eduardo Machado and performed in Los Angeles.
 The Slow Drag was a play based on Tipton's life by Carson Kreitzer performed in New York City and London.
 An opera based on Tipton's life, Billy, was staged in Olympia, Washington.
 Trumpet, a novel based on Tipton's life, is by Jackie Kay.
 The Opposite Sex is Neither, a theatrical revue by noted trans woman Kate Bornstein, features Billy Tipton.
 "Billy's Thing" is an unreleased track by Jill Sobule.
 "The Legend of Billy Tipton," by the punk band The Video Dead, is about the story of Billy Tipton.
 The band The Billy Tipton Memorial Saxophone Quartet took its name from Billy Tipton on learning his story.
Recordings 
 Sweet Georgia Brown Tops Records L1522 (1957)
 Billy Tipton Plays Hi-Fi on Piano Tops Records L1534 (1957)

References

Other websites 
 Billy Tipton photo timeline 
 Music from both Billy Tipton Trio albums
 Excerpt from biography by Diane Middlebrook 
 

1914 births
1989 deaths
Deaths from ulcers
Deaths from emphysema
American jazz musicians
American pianists
American saxophonists
LGBT musicians

LGBT people from Oklahoma
Musicians from Oklahoma
Musicians from Kansas City, Missouri
People from Oklahoma City
Transgender people
Hip replacement is a surgery where the hip joint is replaced by a prosthetic implant. This joint replacement is usually done to relieve arthritis pain or fix very bad joint damage.

Types of Hip Replacement Surgeries 
There are three types of hip replacement surgeries.

 Total hip replacement
 Partial hip replacement
 Hip surfacing

Who can benefit from a hip replacement? 
Your doctor may recommend a hip replacement if you have significant pain, swelling, and damage to your hip joint due to the following conditions:

 Osteoarthritis (most common)
 Rheumatoid arthritis
 Osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis)
 Injury such as hip fracture
 Tumor in the hip joint

Recovery Time 
Typically, after 6 to 12 weeks, you will make a full recovery from hip replacement surgery. You will still need follow-up appointments to make sure your hip is healing.
Most people can resume their daily activities after six weeks. You may be discharged from the hospital after 2 to 4 days. Here are some points that can help you speed up your recovery after surgery.

References 

Joints
Surgery
Uses
There are many kinds of slurries, including
 A mixture of cement and water to form concrete
 A mixture of thickening agent, oxidizers, and water used to form a gel explosive
 A mixture of pyroclastic rock and water known as a lahar
 A mixture of bentonite and water used to make slurry walls
 A mixture of coal waste and water known as coal slurry
 A mixture of wood pulp and water used to make paper
 A mixture of animal waste and water used as fertilizer
 A mixture of finely ground meat and water, centrifugally dewatered into meat slurry, a food product
 An abrasive substance used in chemical-mechanical polishing
 A mixture of ice crystals, freezing point depressant, and water called slurry ice
 A mixture of raw materials and water involved in the rawmill manufacture of Portland cement
 A mixture of minerals, water, and additives used in the manufacture of ceramics  
 A mixture of water and food starch used to thicken puddings, sauces, and gravys.

Related pages
 Asphalt

References

Other websites
Other websites

Materials
was a  after Genkyū and before Jōgen.  This period started in April 1206 and ended in October 1207.  The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Ken'ei era
 1206 (Ken'ei 1, 2nd month): Shogun Sanetomo's standing at court was raised to the 2nd rank of the 4th class.
 16 April 1206 (Ken'ei 1, 7th day of the 3rd month): The emperor planned to pay a visit to the Kujō Yoshitsune, but in the night before this visit, an unknown assassin killed  Yoshitsune.  After the killing, Konoe Iezane was made sesshō (regent) and Fujiwara no Tadatsune was made the  Minister of the Left (sadaijin).
 1206 (Ken'ei 1, 12th month):  Konoe Iezane stopped being sesshō; and instead, he became Chancellor (kampaku).
 1207 (Ken'ei 1): Hōnen and his followers are exiled

Related pages
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
1200s establishments in Japan
1200s disestablishments in Japan
1206 establishments
1207 disestablishments
, also known as Shōgen, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) after Ken'ei and before Kenryaku.  This period spanned the years from October 1207 through March 1211.  The reigning emperors were  and .

Events of the Jōgen era

 1208 (Jōgen 2, 6th month): Tsuchimikado went to the Kumano Sanzan Shrine.
 1210 (Jōgen 4, 5th month): The emperor returned to the Kumano Shrine.
 1210 (Jōgen 4, 6th month): Tsuchimikado accepted Hideyasu of Kazusa as part of the court.
 1210 (Jōgen 4, 8th month): The emperor visited the Kasuga Shrine.
 1210 (Jōgen 4, 9th month): A comet with a very long tail appeared in the night sky.
 1210 (Jōgen 4, 25th day of the 11th month): In the 12th year of Tsuchimikado's reign, the emperor abdicated for no particular reason; and the succession (senso) was received by his younger brother, the second son of the former-Emperor Go-Toba.  Soon after, Emperor Juntoku's role as emperor was confirmed (sokui).

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References
References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1200s establishments in Japan
1210s disestablishments in Japan
1207 establishments
1211 disestablishments
The Newport Aquarium is a public aquarium in Newport, Kentucky, United States.

World Rivers
In the aquarium's first gallery, nine displays show freshwater fish from five continents of the world. There are hundreds of species in these exhibits, from the rainforests of Australia, the wetlands and caves of North America, tall grasses of  Asia, the Amazon of South America, and the center of Africa. The tanks in World Rivers hold 9,000 gallons of freshwater.
Wenlock River: Banded Rainbow fish, Pacific Blue Eye, Black Tandan Catfish, Gudgeon 
Licking River: Rainbow darter, Rosefin shiner, Redside dace, Blue sucker, Two-toned Pared Sunfish 
Mississippi River: Spotted gar, Spring cavefish, Stinkpot turtle
Cavefish: Blind cavfish, Northern cavefish 
Mekong River: Bumblebee goby, Harlequin Rasboras, Blue gouarmi, Siamese algae eater, Danios, Thai Wood Shrimp
Rio Negro: Heckel duscus, Corydoras catfish, Black-winged hatchetfish, Goden pencilfish, Ram cichlid, Striped Headstander, Cardinal tetra, Neon tetra, Rummy-nose tetra, Red finned Congo tetra, Striped Krib, Slender teleo, Brichard's catfish, Deep Angelfish
Lake Malawi: Mbuna Cichlid, Malawi Eyebiter, Even-spotted Synodontius, Hapliningsteni 
Congo River: Congo Tetra, Red Finned Congo Tetra, Green Rope Fish, Butterfly Fish
Lake Tanganyika: Black-fin cichlid, Golden julie, Mbu pufferfish, Moore's Lamprologus, Clavas, Shelldweller, Xenotilapia
Caribbean Cove: Near the end of World Rivers is the aquarium's first tunnel. This tank is home to lookdowns, live sharksuckers, porkfish, gruntfish, and green moray eels.
Shore Gallery
This gallery has over 500 animals in eight different exhibits. These are animals that live in the shallow areas of a water's edge.  The tanks in the Shore Gallery hold 6,120 gallons of water. This includes a touch pool where visitors can touch species of the New England shoreline in a 1,200 gallon, rocky, open-topped exhibit. The Surge Zone depicts an area of Hawaii where waves crash against the rocky shore and create tide pools.

Salt Marsh: Depicts the species that live in the brackish waters of Maryland's shores: Northern Diamondback Terrapin, Marsh Fiddler Crab, Sheepshead Minnow, Marsh Killfish, Mummichog, Periwinkle, Blenny, and Atlantic Silverside.
Tidal River: Showcases a river whose flow is affected by tides in Peninsula De Paria, Venezuela: Four-eyed Fish, Endler's Livebearers, and Orange-spotted Sunfish.
Mangrove Forest: This depicts the brackish mangrove forest along the Nigerian Coast in Africa: Butterfly Mudskipper, Diamond moonfish, Striped Painchax.
River Delta: Depicts a river delta in the Ganges River, Bangladesh: Banded Archerfish, Glass Catfish, Up-side down catfish, Green Spotted Puffer.
Florida Grass Bed: Depicts the tall, thick grasses of the Florida Keys: Scrawled Filefish, High Hat, Gramma Basslet, Orange Toadfish, Trumpetfish.

Flooded Crater: Depicts the Hanauma Bay, which was created when the ocean broke through the side of a volcanic crater and filled the crater with water: Lagoon Triggerfish, Pennant fish, Racoon Butterfly, Loggerhead sea turtle.

Surge Zone: Saddle Wrasse, Ornate wrasse, Sergeants, Sailfin Tang, Dascyilus, Hawaiian Flagtail, Squirrelfish, Arc-eyed Hawkfish.

Sand Flats: Depicts a sandy flat off the Southeastern coast of the U.S.: Silver pomfrets.

California Kelp Forest: This is the second tunnel of the aquarium, simulating a thick kelp forest near Anacapa Island, California

Other websites

Aquariums
Buildings and structures in Kentucky
Biwer is a commune and small town in eastern Luxembourg.

The commune is in the canton of Grevenmacher,  which is part of the old district of Grevenmacher.  It is made up of Biwer, Boudler, Brouch, Hegelsdorf, Wecker and Weydig.

In Biwer, the largest village of the commune,  are every public buildings. There are  the primary school called 'An der Wiss', the cultural centre 'Fancy', a swimming pool, a sports hall and a day-care centre.

References

Other websites

 Biwer commune website 

Communes of Grevenmacher
An amyloplast is an organelle inside a plant cell that stores starch. It is only found in starchy plants such as tubers and fruits.

Organelles
Plant physiology
was a  after Jōgen and before Kempo.  This period started in March 1211 and ended in December 1213. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Kenryaku era

 1211 (Kenryaku 1, 1st month): The Buddhist priest Hōnen returned from a period of exile.  He was the founder of the  temple-complex.
 1211 (Kenryaku 1, 1st month): Shogun Sanetomo's position at court was raised to the 1st rank of the 3rd class.
 2 January 1211 (Kenryaku 1, 16th day of the 1st month): The former-Senior High Priest Jien (1155–1225) was appointed Tendai Abbot.
 1212 (Kenryaku 1): Hōnen died at age 80.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
13th-century establishments in Japan
1210s disestablishments in Japan
1211 establishments
1210s establishments in Asia
1213 disestablishments
was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) after Kenryaku and before Jōkyū.  This period started in December 1213 and ended in April 1219. The reigning emperor was Juntoku-tennō (順徳天皇).
Events of the Kempo era
 1213 (Kempo 1, 1st day of the 1st month): There was an earthquake at Kamakura.
 1213 (Kempo 1, 11th month): Fujiwara no Teika, also known as Fujiwara no Sadeie offered a collection of 8th century poems to Shogun Sanetomo.  These poems were collectively known as the Man'yōshū.
 1214 (Kempo 2, 2nd month): Shogun Sanetomoand the Buddhist priest Eisai drank tea, together.
 1214 (Kempo 2, 3rd month): The emperor went to Kasuga.
 1214 (Kempo 2, 4th month): Enryaku-ji was burned; and Sanetomo paid for repairs.
 1215 (Kempo 3, 1st month): Hōjō Tokimasa died at age 78 in the mountains of Izu Province.
 1215 (Kempo 3, 6th month):  Eisai died at age 75.
 1215 (Kempo 3, 8th-9th months): There were many earthquakes in the Kamakura area.
 1217 (Kempo 5, 8th-9th months): The emperor visited the Shrines at Hirano and at Ōharano near Kyoto.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References
References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1210s establishments in Asia
1210s disestablishments in Japan
1213 establishments
13th-century establishments in Japan
1219 disestablishments
Il Canzoniere is a collection of 365 poems. It was written by the Italian poet Petrarch between 1336 and 1373.
Its central theme is the poet's love for Laura, a woman Petrarch allegedly met on April 6, 1327, in the Church of Sainte Claire in Avignon

Other websites 
Il Canzoniere online
Il Canzoniere text
 Canzoniere (different edition) and other works
 Petrarch and Laura Multi-lingual site

14th-century books
Poetry books
Italian literature
Arc flash is an accidental electrical explosion usually caused by a short circuit. It usually happens at higher-voltages (around 300 volts and above). It can cause the electrical conductors to melt creating an explosion of molten or even vaporized metal. Temperatures can be as high as 20000 degrees Celsius. Arc flash is one of the reasons it is so important to turn the power off before working on any high-voltage equipment.

Electricity
Facesitting is when a woman or man sits on a man's or maybe a woman's face. People enjoy this because there is a sense of submission by the person getting facesat, where the person sitting is controlling the breath of the "seat". Can be called "queening" or "kinging".

Gallery

References

Sexual acts
, also called Shōkyū, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) after Kempō and before Jōō.  This period started in April 1219 and ended in April 1222. The reigning emperor was Juntoku-tennō (順徳天皇).
Events of the Jōkyū era
 12 February 1219 (Jōkyū 1, 26th day of the 1st month): Shogun Sanetomo was assassinated on the steps of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū in Kamakura."
 1220 (Jōkyū 2, 2nd month): The emperor visited the Iwashimizu Shrine and the Kamo Shrines.
 13 May 1221 (Jōkyū 3, 20th day of the 4th month): In the 11th year of Juntoku's reign, the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by eldest son who was only 4 years old.  Soon after, Emperor Chūkyō is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).  Chūkyō was emperor for only a few months.
 29 July 1221 (Jōkyū 3, 9th day of the 7th month): In the 1st year of what is now considered to have been Chūkyō's reign, he abdicated; and contemporary scholars then construed that the succession (senso) was received by a grandson of former Emperor Go-Toba.
 1221 (Jōkyū 3): The Jōkyū War (Jōkyū no ran) was an armed attempt by Emperor Go-Toba to take power from the Kamakura shogunate.  The effort did not succeed.
Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
 New York Public Library Digital Gallery, early photograph of Shrine steps where Sanetomo was  killed

Japanese eras
1219
1220
1221
1222
1220s in Japan
Black magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers for evil and selfish purposes. In modern times, some think the definition of "black magic" has been used by people for any type of magic practice that is disapproved of and thought of as evil or satanic.

Black magic practices
 True name spells, knowing a person's true name to control them
 Immortality, wishing to live beyond a natural lifespan 
 Curses, magically making something bad happen to someone else
 Necromancy, practices involving spirits and the dead

Related pages 
 Voodoo

References 

Divination
Occult
Magic (paranormal)
Viola Davis (born August 11, 1965) is an American actress. She has starred in many movies, including Traffic and Antwone Fisher and Suicide Squad. She has also done many television programs. She won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2017 for her role in Fences (2016).

In 2023, Davis became one of the eighteen people who have won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony Award.

References

Academy Award winning actors
American television actors
American movie actors
American stage actors	
American voice actors
Actors from South Carolina
Satellite Award winners
1965 births
Living people
Tony Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Grammy Award winners
Drama Desk Award winners
A true name is a name of a thing or being that expresses, or is somehow identical with, its true nature. The idea that language, or some specific sacred language, refers to things by their true names has been central to philosophical and grammatical study as well as various traditions of magic, divination and mysticism since ancient times.

Language
Names
, also romanized as Jō-ō, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) after Jōkyū and before Gennin.  This period started in April 1222 and ended in November 1224. The reigning emperor was Go-Horikawa-tennō.

Events of the Jōō Era
 1222 (Jōō 2):  Regulations established concerning salaries for land stewards (jitō) who were appointed by the shogunate
 9 July 1223 (Jōō 2, 20th day of the 6th month):  The buildings of the Asama Shrine at the base of Mount Fuji in Suruga province  were re-built by Hōjō Tokimasa.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1222
1223
1224
1220s in Japan
Leeward Caribbean Creole English is an English-based creole language spoken in the Leeward Islands of the Caribbean.  It is in the countries of Antigua and Barbuda, Montserrat and Saint Kitts and Nevis.  It is also called Antiguan Creole, Saint Kitts Creole and Montserrat Creole.

Islanders often use it along with Standard English. People of a higher social status use English more often.

Antigua and Barbuda
Languages of the Caribbean
Diary of a Wimpy Kid is an American 2010 live-action/animated comedy movie and is based on the novel of the same name. The movie was released on March 19, 2010 (September in Australia). It was released on DVD, iTunes, and Blu-ray on August 3, 2010.

Release Dates

Awards and nominations
 2011 Kids Choice Awards
 Favorite movie (nominated) lost to The Karate Kid (2010 film)
 32nd Young Artist Awards
 Best actor in a feature film (Zach Gordon) (nomination) lost to Jaden Smith
 Best supporting actor in a feature film (Robert Capron) (nomination) lost to Billy Unger
 Best supporting actor in a feature film (Alex Ferris) (nomination) Lost to Billy Unger.
 Best ensemble in a feature film (Zach Gordon, Robert Capron, Devon Bostick, Chloë Moretz, Laine MacNeil,  Grayson Russell, Karan Brar, and Alex Ferris) (Won)
 Best supporting actress (Laine MacNeil) (nomination) lost to Diandra Newlin and Stefanie Scott
Cast
Zachary Gordon as Greg Heffley.
 Nathaniel Marten as adult Greg. 
 Dylan Bell as young Greg.
L.J. Benet as  uncredited singing voice of Greg.
Robert Capron as Rowley Jefferson, Greg's childish best friend.
Rachael Harris as Susan Heffley, Greg's mother.
Devon Bostick as Rodrick Heffley, Greg's older brother.
Chloë Grace Moretz as Angie Steadman, a seventh-grader at Greg's school who is a reporter for the school paper. She is a brand new character not found in the original books.
Steve Zahn as Frank Heffley, Greg's father.
Grayson Russell as Fregley, a weird classmate of Greg's.
Laine MacNeil as Patty Farrell, Greg's arch-enemy.
 Madison Bell as young Patty.
Karan Brar as Chirag Gupta, a friend of Greg's. 
Connor and Owen Fielding as Manny Heffley, Greg's little brother.
 Raugi Yu as Vice Principal Roy, the Vice Principal who appears on the intercom or TV giving news.
 Jennifer Clement as Mrs. Flint, Greg's homeroom teacher.
Alex Ferris as Collin Lee, Rowley's substitute best friend during his fight with Greg.
Andrew McNee as Coach Malone, Greg's gym teacher.
Belita Moreno as Mrs. Norton, Greg's acting teacher.
Afred E. Humphreys as Mr. Jefferson, Rowley's father who dislikes Greg.
Kaye Capron as Mrs. Jefferson, Rowley's mother.
 Donnie McNeil as Wade, one of the 3 teenagers who threw water at Greg and Rowley.
 Nicholas Carey as Pete Hosey, the leader of the 3 teenagers who threw water at Greg and Rowley.
 Samuel Patrick Chu as Carter, another one of the 3 teenagers who threw water at Greg and Rowley.
 Rob LaBelle as Mr. Winsky, the leader of the Safety Patrol.
 Harrison Houde as Darren Walsh, Greg's classmate who is infamous for starting the Cheese Touch.
 Severin Korfer as Dieter Muller, a German exchange student who took the Cheese Touch with him back to his homeland.
 Owen Best as Bryce Anderson, one of Greg's classmates who was said to have a "cute butt".
Karin Konoval as Mrs. Irvine, the woman who thought Rowley terrorized the kindergartners.
 Adam Osei as Marty Porter, the school treasurer.
 Paul Hubbard as Brock Brainigan P.I.
References

2010 comedy movies
American comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
This is a list of governors-general of Antigua and Barbuda.  The head of state is the Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda.  Most of the jobs though are done by the Governor-General.

Governors-General of Antigua and Barbuda, 1981-present
Sir Wilfred Jacobs: November 1, 1981–June 10, 1993
James Carlisle: June 10, 1993–June 30, 2007
Louise Lake-Tack: July 17, 2007—August 14, 2014
Rodney Williams: August 14, 2014—

Antigua and Barbuda
Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack, GCMG, DStJ (born 26 July 1944) is a former Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda.

Background and earlier career
Louise Lake-Tack was born in St. Philip's Parish, Antigua in 1944. She went to Freetown Government School before attending the Antigua Girls High School in St. John's. After graduating she went to the United Kingdom. She studied nursing at Charing Cross Hospital. She worked first at the National Heart Hospital and later at the Harley Street Clinic. 

Lake-Tack later studied and graduated in law.  She was a magistrate at both Marylebone and Horseferry Magistrate Courts. She also sat at Pocock Street Crown Court and Middlesex Crown Court to hear appeal cases from the lower courts. She was a member of the Antigua and Barbuda National Association (London) for the 24 years before her appointment as Governor-General.
Governor-General
She took office as Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda on 17 July 2007.  She was the first woman to hold the office. On 14 August 2014, she was replaced by Dr Rodney Williams, who took office as the 4th Governor General of Antigua and Barbuda.

Honours
Dame Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (GCMG, 13 November 2007)
Dame of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem (DStJ, 16 October 2007)

References

1944 births
Living people
Governors-General of Antigua and Barbuda
This page has a list of prime ministers of Antigua and Barbuda.

Chief Minister of Antigua (1960-1967)

Premiers of Antigua (1967-1981)

Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda (1981-Present)

Antigua
Winston Baldwin Spencer (born October 8, 1948) is a former Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. He served in office from 2004 to 2014. He also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs.

References

1948 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda
Seventh-day Adventists
Sir Lester Bryant Bird (February 21, 1938 – August 9, 2021) was the second Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 1994 to 2004. He was also a well-known athlete. He was chairman of the Antigua Labour Party (ALP) from 1971 to 1983. He became Prime Minister when the previous Prime Minister resigned. The previous Prime Minister was his father, Vere Bird.

Bird Jr. was born in New York City. He went to the University of Michigan, and became a lawyer. Bird died on August 9, 2021 at the age of 83.

References

1938 births
2021 deaths
Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda
Lawyers
Long jumpers
Politicians from New York City
Sportspeople from New York City
Area code 268 is the telephone area code of Antigua and Barbuda.  The 268 area code is part of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP).

When in Antigua and Barbuda, use the seven digits alone. When calling to Antigua and Barbuda from anywhere in the United States or Canada simply dial 1(268) + seven digit phone number.

Area codes
Antigua and Barbuda
During the Roman empire, the taurobolium referred to practices involving the sacrifice of a bull, which after mid-2nd century became connected with the worship of the Great Mother of the Gods; though not previously limited to her cult, after 159 AD all private inscriptions mention Magna Mater (the Roman name for the goddess Cybele). Originating in Asia Minor, its earliest attested performance in Italy occurred in 134 AD.

Ritual
At the taurobolium ritual, the high-priest would stand inside a pit made specifically for the purpose of the ritual, a bull would be led above the pit and sacrificed above him, the blood of the bull would pour down onto the priest, showering him in the blood. After this, the bulls testicles were removed and taken to the sanctuary as an offering. This ritual was done as a replacement for the castration of high-priests, this was because castration of male Roman citizens was forbidden in Rome.

Related pages

 Human sacrifice, the ritual killing of a person
Religion in ancient Rome
Paganism
was a  after Jōō and before Karoku.  This period spanned the years from November 1224 to April 1225. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Gennin Era
 1224 (Gennin 1): Kyogyoshinsho was believed to have been composed by Shinran in 1224; and this is also considered the year in which Jōdo Shinshū was founded.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites 
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1224
1225
1220s in Japan
was a  after Gennin and before Antei.  This period started in April 1225 and ended in December 1227. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Karoku Era
 1225 (Karoku 1, 11th month): At Kamakura,  Kujō Yoritsune's coming of age ceremonies took place at age 8; but control of the shogunate affairs was in the hands of  Hōjō Yasutoki, who was the regent (shikken).
 1225 (Karoku 1, 12th month): Emperor Go-Horikawa went in formal procession to Iwashimizu Hachiman-gū and to the Kamo Shrines.
 1226 (Karoku 2, 1st month): The Emperor raised Yoritsune to the 1st rank of the 5th class in court hierarchy.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1225
1226
1227
1220s in Japan
was a  after Gennin and before Kangi.  This period started in December 1227 and ended in March 1229.  The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Antei Era
 1227 (Antei 1, 1st month): Fujiwara Kintsugu died at age 53.  He had been Minister of the Right (udaijin) and Minister of the Left (sadaijin).
 1227 (Antei 1, 2nd month): The emperor raised Fujiwara no Nagako, the daughter of Konoe Iezane, to the rank of empress consort (chūgū).

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1227
1228
1229
1220s in Japan
Gary Leah Thomasson (born July 29, 1951 in San Diego, California) is a former professional baseball player. He played as an outfielder and first baseman in Major League Baseball from 1972 to 1980 and in Japanese Nippon Pro Baseball from 1981 to 1982.

Thomasson got a lot of attention when he joined the Yomiuri Giants. He got the largest contract ever in the Nippon league. Then, Thomasson played poorly in his two years in Japan. He almost set the league record for strikeouts. He ended his career with a knee injury.

Cultural references 
Japanese artist Genpei Akasegawa used Thomasson's name to describe a kind of found art. A "Tomason" is a part of a building that has lost its meaning or purpose, but still is still interesting.

References

Other websites
 

1951 births
Living people
Los Angeles Dodgers players
San Francisco Giants players
New York Yankees players
Oakland Athletics players
, also romanized as Kanki, was a  after Antei and before Jōei.  This period started in March 1229 and ended in April 1232. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Kangi era
 1230 (Kangi 2, 12th month): Kujō Yoritsune was married to the daughter of Minamoto no Yoriie.
 1231 (Kangi 3, 2nd month): Yoritsune was raised to the 2nd rank of the 4th class in the dōjō kuge.
 1231 (Kangi 3, 3rd month): Yoritsune was made a General of the Left.
 1231 (Kangi 3, 4th month): Yoritsune was raised to the 1st rank of the 4th class in the dōjō kuge.
 6 November 1231 (Kangi 3, 11th day of the 10th month): Former Emperor Tsuchimikado died.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1229
1230
1231
1232
1220s in Japan
1230s in Japan
was a  after Kangi and before Tenpuku.  This period started in April 1232 and ended in April 1233. The reigning emperors were  and .

Events of the Jōei Era
 1232 (Jōei 1, i2nd month): Kujō Yoritsune was raised to the 2nd rank of the 3rd class in the court hierarchy.
 1232 (Jōei 1, 11th month): In the 11th year of Emperor Go-Horikawa's reign, he abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by a his oldest son.  Soon after, Emperor Shijō's new role as emperor was confirmed (sokui).

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1232
1233
1230s in Japan
, also romanized as Tempuku, was a  after Jōei and before Bunryaku.  This period started in April 1233 and ended in November 1234. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Tenpuku Era
 1233 (Tenpuku 1, 1st month):  Kujō Yoritsune is granted the court post of

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1233
1234
1230s in Japan
A , also spelled Thomason and Thomasson in English, is a kind of conceptual art or found art. Gempei Akasegawa  created this word to describe certain kinds of useless parts of buildings or roads. These have lost their purpose as the environment around them changed.  This kind of art is not made on purpose, but becomes art when people observe and recognize it.

Origin of the name
Akasegawa named this special kind of "art" after an American baseball player who joined the Yomiuri Giants in 1981. Gary Thomasson became famous in Japan for getting the biggest baseball contract ever, then playing very poorly and retiring early.
Types of Tomason
Tomason can be grouped by features they have in common. These include: "useless stairways", "pointless doorways", "overhangs", "blocked windows", "sealed up walls", "A-bomb type",  (doors opening from a high place into open air), "outies", "poundcakes", "atago" (strange bumps or things sticking up out of the road for no reason), "premature burial" (when a wall is built partly covering an existing feature), and more.

References

Other websites
  Tomason in Sydney
 みちくさ学会ではトマソンを募集しています！ ("...looking for Tomason!") -- images
 Flickr,   thomason (超芸術トマソン) 

Art
Mystery fiction (story, book, novel) is fictional work in which a professional or amateur detective investigates and solves a crime mystery. Usually the story begins with a crime and a few suspects, and ends when the protagonist detective identifies the criminal. 

Sometimes the term is used to refer to supernatural or suspense stories and thrillers.

Related pages
Miss Marple
Sherlock Holmes
Nancy Drew
The Hardy Boys

Fiction genres
Mysteries
The nematodes or roundworms are  one of the most diverse of all animal phyla. They are one of the protostome phyla.

Nematode species look very similar to one another. Over 80,000 have been described, of which over 15,000 are parasitic. It has been estimated that the total number of described and undescribed roundworms might be more than 500,000.

The body structure is fairly constant. A thick cuticle gives protection, and acts as a kind of hydrostatic skeleton. Caenorhabditis elegans has had its genetics studied intensively, and it had its genome analysed in the year 1998. DNA sequence analysis of nematodes is quite advanced, including trees of species relationship.

Cell numbers in the organs are constant within a species. Nematodes have a fixed, genetically determined number of cells, a phenomenon known as eutely. The male C. elegans has 1031 cells, a number which does not change after cell division stops at the end of the larval period. Growth is solely due to an increase in the size of individual cells.
Related pages 
Turbatrix aceti
Caenorhabditis elegans

References
A bromance is a close non-sexual relationship between two or more men, a form of homosocial intimacy. Bromance is a portmanteau word of bro or brother and romance. The word was created in the 1990s to describe the sort of relationships that develop between skateboarders who spend a great deal of time together.

Womance, also called sismance, is the female flip side of bromance. It means a close non-sexual relationship between two or more women, a form of homosocial intimacy.

Related pages 
 Platonic love
 Romantic friendship

References 

Slang
Men
Turbatrix aceti (also called vinegar eels) is a species of nematode. They feed on the acidic bacteria from vinegar and other things, like fermented apples. They range from 1mm to 10mm long or larger. These nematodes go through a six-stage life cycle. The stages are: an egg, four larval stages, and reaching adulthood. They live about 10 months.

Anatomy
The nematode's reproductive system is sexual. Female vinegar eels have ovaries and produce eggs. Their reproductive system is in the form of a tube. The females also have a short sac-like seminal receptacle that stores sperm. A fertilized egg hatches in the uterus before leaving the womb. Vinegar eels give birth to as many as 45 babies every 8-10 days.  A male vinegar eels’ reproductive system is smaller than the female’s. They have testis and a vas deferens. The testes open into a wide sperm duct and then into a muscular duct which can push out the sperm. The duct empties into a  cloaca.
Aging research 
Experiments with T. aceti were done to understand the cause of ageing.  DNA damage accumulates when the rate of damage occurrence is more than the rate of DNA repair.  Accumulation of DNA damage leads to a decline in gene expression. There is a consistent decline in DNA repair capacity with age in the nematode. A second report measured the ability to repair DNA damage in young and old nematodes after exposure to ionizing radiation.  They observed that the old nematodes were strikingly less able to carry out this type of DNA repair than young nematodes.  These experiments suggest that a decline in DNA repair capability occurs with age. This is the "DNA damage theory of aging".

References
References

Aquatic Community. "Raising Vinegar Eels." AC Tropical Fish & Aquarium. Aquaticcommunity.com, 2004-06. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.
Pinckney, Rhonda DVM, PhD. "(The Parasitology Resource UW - Madison)." The Parasitology Rescource/ VetMed. UW School of Veterinary Medicine. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. <http://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/pbs/foodsafety/parasite/vinegar.html >.
Tappin, Adrian R. "Vinegar Eels." Home of the Rainbowfish- Feeding. Selected for Inclusion in the National Library of Australia Digital Archive of Australian Online Publications (Jan. 1998), Dec. 2008. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. <http://rainbowfish.angfaqld.org.au/vinegar.htm >.
Wetman. "Vinegar Eels." The Skeptical Aquarist.com. The Skeptical Aquarist ©, 21 Mar. 2011. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. <http://www.skepticalaquarist.com/turbatrix >.

Nematodes
Edward L. Stratemeyer (October 4, 1862  May 10, 1930) was an American publisher and a writer of children's stories. He was very prolific and created several children's series including The Rover Boys, The Bobbsey Twins, Tom Swift, The Hardy Boys, and Nancy Drew. He founded the Stratemeyer Syndicate.

1862 births
1930 deaths
19th-century American children's writers
American children's writers
American publishers
Writers from New Jersey
Julie Delpy (born 21 December 1969 in Paris) is a French-American director and movie actress. She has performed in and directed many movies during her career. She moved to the United States around 1990. She is a dual citizen of France and the United States.

Other websites

1969 births
Living people
Actors from Paris
American movie actors
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
American television actors
French movie actors
French screenwriters
French television actors
Movie directors from Paris
Movie producers from Paris
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Writers from Paris
, also romanized as Bunreki, was a  after Tenpuku and before Katei.  This period started in November 1234 and ended in September 1235. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Bunryaku Era
 18 June 1234 (Bunryaku 1, 20th day of the 5th month): Former Emperor Chūkyō died.
 31 August 1234 (Bunryaku 1, 6th day of the 8th month): Former Emperor Go-Horikawa died.
 1234 (Bunryaku 1, 12th month): Kujō Yoritsune is raised to the 1st rank of the 3rd class in the court hierarchy.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1234
1235
1230s in Japan
was a  after Bunryaku and before Ryakunin.  This period started in September 1235 and ended in November 1238. The reigning emperor was .

Events of the Katei Era
 1235 (Katei 1, 11th month): Kujō Yoritsune is raised to the 2nd rank of the 2nd class in the court hierarchy.
 1236 (Katei 2, 7th month): Yoritsune is raised to the 1st rank of the 2nd class in the court hierarchy.
 1237 (Katei 3, 8th month): Yoritsune ordered the building of a mansion in the Rokuhara section of Kyoto.

Related pages 
 Kamakura period

References

Other websites
 National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Japanese eras
1235
1236
1237
1238
1230s in Japan
Ribalonga (from the Gallician riba - 'climb' and longa - 'long') is a Portuguese parish in the north of the Municipality of Alijó, in ‘Trás-dos-montes’ (‘behind the hills’). It has a population of 231 (2011) and an area of 9,15 km2 (density : 25,2/km2). Its patron saint is Saint Anna, mother of Saint Mary and therefore, grandmother of Jesus.

History 
The Castle of Ribalonga was a fortress that probably began to be inhabited on the Iron Age and continued on the Ancient Rome.
Ribalonga belonged on the 13th century to the parish of Vila Chã, on 1839 to Vila Real, on 1852 to Vilar de Maçada and on 1872 to Alijó.

Legends
Legends

Legend of the red cross 
The legend tells that in the year 2000, a man of the family Sampaio, whose descendants still live in the village, coming from the fair of Vilar de Maçada, brought with him some meat. Suddenly, he was followed by a pack of wolves and he became very scared, because he realized that the wolves were very hungry. When he arrived near the village, the wolves began to close the circle. When he saw himself lost, he got off his horse and knelt and asked the Lord of the Afflicted to save him from the wolves. At this moment, the dogs in the house of Mr. Sampaio began barking anxiously and the wife of the man let them go. They ran fast to the place where the man was and drove the wolves away. In recognition, he built a cross where he asked the Lord to help. A few days later, one of the dogs appeared, all hurt.
This cross can be seen today, a little bit degraded, on the place that has the name Red Cross and that is in the South of Ribalonga.
Legend of St. Ana 
There is another legend of Ribalonga, referring to its place of St. Ana. There is a huge rock, rectangular, with three grooves at the top, the head, the torso and the limbs of a person.
The voice of the people, that same voice that describes the legends word by word, says that these signs were left there by St. Ana when she was on pilgrimage to holy places.
The legend tells that St. Ana, very tired and seeing no other place to lie down, took this rock to rest.  And so the stone became soft for her to be comfortable and cosy, taking the shape of her body. And the next day, at dawn, her forces restored, she continued her journey. After that, people began to pass the rock to go to work and, noticing the furrows, they were amazed. Nobody knows how they came to the conclusion that it was St. Ana. Was it because they were devotees? No one can answer, the fact is that currently the village patron saint is St. Ana and  the hills and the land around the place where the famous rock is, are known as Santa Ana.
Geography 
Ribalonga borders to Rapadoura, Vila Verde, Popúlo, Vilar de Maçada, Vila Chã and to the region of Douro. It has a lot of mountains, hills, pines and it's very stony.

Culture 
The cuisine of Ribalonga is based on meat. There are a lot of different specialities like cozido à portuguesa ('Portuguese stew'), feijoada à transmontana (rice and black beans), alheiras or linguiças (both sausages). There are a lot of fields and vineyards too.

Gallery

Parishes
Geography of Portugal
13th-century establishments in Europe
Establishments in Portugal
, formerly known as , is a broadcasting, restaurant, and observation tower in the city of Tokyo, the capital of Japan the special ward of Sumida, not far from the Sumida River. The nearest train station is Oshiage, which is on the Toei Asakusa Line, Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line, and railway lines operated by Tobu and Keisei.

The Tokyo Skytree was designed by the architects from Nikken Sekkei, a e company, the process of building the tower began in 2008 and was completed on 29 February 2012. Emperor Akihito visited the tower in advance of its official opening, and the opening ceremony took place on 22 May 2012.

With a height of , the Tokyo Skytree is the tallest structure in Japan. This height was chosen because it could be easily remembered. The figures 6 (mu), 3 (sa), 4 (shi) stand for Musashi Province, which is an old name of the region where the tower stands.
It is the third tallest structure in the world behind Merdeka 118 in Malaysia and Burj Khalifa in Dubai. It is also the tallest tower in the world, according to the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, because there is no space in the Skytree for people to live or work in, unlike the Burj Khalifa.

All of central Tokyo can be seen from special viewing platforms at  and . At night, it is lit up with different coloured lights.

References

Other websites 

http://www.tokyo-skytree.jp/english ,  
Skyscrapernews article on New Tokyo Tower 
http://www.rising-east.jp/webcam/

Buildings and structures in Tokyo
Skyscrapers in Japan