Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
History
The city was founded by Henry Flagler as a community to house the servants working in the two grand hotels on the neighboring island of Palm Beach, across Lake Worth. The original spelling was "Westpalmbeach", but it was feared that the 13-letter word would be a bad omen for the new community. On November 5, 1894, 78 people met at the "Calaboose" (the first jail and police station located at Clematis St. and Poinsettia, now Dixie Hwy.) and passed the motion to incorporate the Town of West Palm Beach in what was then Dade County (now Miami-Dade County). This made West Palm Beach the oldest incorporated municipality in the county and in South Florida.  The town council quickly addressed the building codes and the tents and shanties were replaced by brick, brick veneer, and stone buildings. The city grew rapidly in the 1920s as part of the Florida land boom. Many of the city's landmark structures and old neighborhoods were built during this period.
Originally, Flagler intended for his Florida East Coast Railway to end in West Palm but after the area experienced a deep freeze, he chose to extend the railroad to Miami instead.

In the 1960s, Palm Beach County's first enclosed shopping mall, the Palm Beach Mall, and an indoor arena were completed. They led to a short revival for the city, but crime continued to be a serious problem and by the early 1990s there were not many people living or working in downtown. Since the 1990s, developments such as CityPlace and renovation of 1920s architecture on Clematis Street have brought people back to downtown for the entertainment and shopping district.
Notable area residents, past and present 
Hank Aaron, former all-time home run king.  A street is named for him
Tori Amos, singer-songwriter
Bob Barker, Entertainer/Gameshow Host
Jason Bonham, drummer and son of Led Zeppelin's legendary drummer John Bonham
Glenn Close, actress
Celine Dion, singer
Jeff Gordon, NASCAR driver
Devin Hester, NFL Player with the Chicago Bears
Hey Monday, alternative rock band
Alan Jackson, Country singer
Tommy Lee Jones, actor
Rush Limbaugh, Radio talk show host
Joe Namath, former NFL quarterback
Olivia Newton-John, actress, singer
Lilly Pulitzer, Fashion Designer
Burt Reynolds, Actor, graduate of Palm Beach High School
Adrian Rogers, former president Southern Baptist Convention and pastor of Bellevue Baptist Church
Rod Stewart, singer
Donald Trump, real estate mogul, TV host
Serena Williams, former No.1 ranked Tennis Champion
Venus Williams, former No.1 ranked Tennis Champion
Tiger Woods, Professional Golfer on the PGA Tour
Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook

References
References 

Cities in Florida
County seats in Florida
Palm Beach County, Florida
1894 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Florida
West Park is a city of Florida in the United States.

References 

Cities in Florida
Weston is a city in Florida in the United States. It is in Broward County.

Cities in Florida
Wewahitchka is a city in Gulf County, Florida in the United States.

Cities in Florida
Gulf County, Florida
Wildwood is a city in Sumter County, Florida, United States. The population was 15,730 at the 2020 census.

References 

Cities in Florida
Williston is a city of Florida in the United States.

Geography 
Williston has a total area of 6.8 square miles.

Cities in Florida
Wilton Manors is a city of Florida in the United States.

Cities in Florida
Winter Garden is a city  west of Orlando. It in the western part of Orange County, Florida, United States. The city was established by Henry Harrel in 1857. It was formerly called Beulah. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2022, 48,523 people lived there.

References

Cities in Florida
Winter Haven is a city of Florida in the United States.

References 

Cities in Florida
Winter Park is a city of Florida in the United States. It is known for its Theme parks.

Cities in Florida
Zephyrhills is a city of Florida in the United States. It is known for the bottled water brand, Zephyrhills.

Cities in Florida
George Edward Foreman (January 5, 1949) is an American two-time World Heavyweight Boxing Champion and entrepreneur. He was born in Marshall, Texas, and grew up in Fifth Ward, Houston.

He became the oldest man ever to win a major heavyweight title when, at 45, he knocked out 26-year-old Michael Moorer in the 10th round. He is still the oldest person to do that and has been named one of the 25 greatest fighters of all time by Ring Magazine.  Nicknamed "Big George", he became a businessman and an ordained Christian minister. 

Foreman has ten children, and each of his five sons is named George: George Jr., George III, George IV, George V, and George VI. They are also known by the nicknames "Monk", "Red", "Joe" "Big Wheel" and "Little George". His five daughters are Michi, Georgetta, Freda George, Natalie, and Leola. He also has two adopted daughters.
Late in the 20th century he gave his name to the electric George Foreman Grills.  They cook food and allow the fat to drain off into a bowl, making the food less fatty.

References 

African-American boxers
Businesspeople from Texas
American Christians
Sportspeople from Texas
1949 births
Living people
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees
SIMATIC is the name of an automation system which was developed by the German company Siemens. The automation system controls machines used for industrial production. This system makes it possible for machines to run automatically. Depending on the needed function of the machine you have to upload the right program on your Simatic unit. This unit is kept in a control cabinet near the machine.

Function 
Simatic is similar to a digital computer which can store and run programs. The Simatic also has some inputs and outputs. The running program on the Simatic controls these inputs and outputs. Both are connected by electrical wires with the machine. That makes a communication between the Simatic and any machine possible. As the case may be the inputs and outputs are set on a “High” signal or on a “Low” signal by the program. These are different electrical definitions. Finally these signals are important if an action in the machine happens or not. 

Example for different signals at the output to a motor:
“High” signal: motor is starting
 “Low” signal: motor is stopping

Example for different signals at the input coming from a thermometer in the machine:

 “High” signal: temperature exceeded the limit
 “Low” signal: temperature is still allowed

Communication 
There are basically two ways of communication:

From the machine to the Simatic 

In the machine, there are sensors. A sensor gives information about different situations in the machine. For example, how fast the motor rotates, what the temperature is or when the current action is completed. All this information is necessary for the program. The sensors give out an electrical signal, each signal goes by wire on an input of the Simatic unit. So the program knows what´s going on in the machine. This is very important, because now the program can perform the next correct step in its sequence. For example, if the temperature of the motor is too high, the program has to know it. Now the program will switch off the motor.

From the Simatic to the machine
In the machine, there are actuators. They cause a wanted motion, action or forming. Examples for actuators are a motor, a heater or a light. If the program says that it´s time to switch on the light in the machine, the right output of the Simatic unit will be set. That means that an electrical signal at the output goes by wire to the machine and switches on the light.

The name Simatic 

The name Simatic is a registered trademark of the company Siemens, since 1958. Simatic connects “Siemens” and “Automatic” in one word.

Product lines 

Siemens developed four different product lines so far:

 1958 Simatic Version G
 1973 Simatic S3

 1979 Simatic S5

 1995 Simatic S7

Used Software 

Every automation system needs a program to control a machine. To create a program you need a software. Siemens created their own software for their products.

 The Simatic S5 product line is programmed by the software Step5.
The Simatic S7 product line is programmed by the software Step7 or in TIA Portal (totally integrated automation).

References 
http://www.automation.siemens.com/simatic/portal/index_76.htm 
http://w1.siemens.com/entry/cc/en/
A lect is a specific form of language.

Some examples of lects:

Dialect
Sociolect
Register

Language
A register, in linguistics, is the way people use different words, spelling or grammar—talk or write differently—to different people, in different situations. They might be more polite to strangers, for example. Or they will be more respectful to their boss at work.

This chart shows the words or phrases that one would use depending on different registers:

Related pages
 Diglossia

Linguistics
In linguistics, a stratum, or strate, is a language that changes another language or is changed by another language.

A substratum is the language which is changed, and a superstratum is the language that changes it. An adstratum is two languages changing each other at the same time.

Linguistics
Language transfer is where a person uses their knowledge of one language when they learn another one. This can help them, but it can also confuse them.

Language education
Code-switching is an ability when a person mixes more than one language or lect when they talk, depending on who they’re talking to.

Related pages 
Multilingualism

Language
Digraphia means the use of more than one writing system for the same language. 

The standard examples are Hindustani and Turkish. With Hindustani there is at the same time an Urdu version written in the Urdu script, and a Hindi version written in Devanagari.

Japanese can use kanji, which is based on logograms, or hiragana or katakana, which are syllabic. The Romanization of Japanese also exists.

Moldovan is written in the Roman alphabet because it is almost the same as Romanian. But in parts of Moldovia, the Cyrillic script is used instead. The written languages are identical but use different scripts.

References

Related pages 
Multilingualism

Writing systems
Japanese uses the Roman alphabet as well as kanji, hiragana, and katakana. It is often used to put Japanese words on a computer.
When Romanized text is used for Japanese words, this is called romaji (ローマ字).

Differences among romanizations
This chart shows in full the three main systems for the romanization of Japanese: Hepburn, Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki:

This chart shows the differences which can be clearly seen among them.

Japanese language
Japanese
Language attrition happens when someone forgets all or part of a language learned earlier.

Related pages
Endangered language
Language death
Extinct language

Language
Language death is a when language is no longer being used as a first language (also called mother language or native language) or a second language and so it becomes an extinct language. It should not be confused with a dead language, such as Latin, which still is still spoken as a second language.

Language revival, a dead language becoming a living language again. The only widely-known example of a language being revived is Hebrew.

Related pages

Language attrition
Sacred language

Language
A modern language is a language which is spoken today. It is the opposite of an extinct language. The official languages of countries are modern languages.

Language
FreeOTFE is a free, open source, computer program used to automatically encrypt and decrypt information stored on a hard disk.

FreeOTFE was originally written for Microsoft Windows and was later copied to Windows Mobile (FreeOTFE4PDA).

It can encrypt information using a large number algorithms including AES (aka Rijndael), Blowfish, CAST6, MARS, RC6, Serpent and Twofish.

Sarah Dean is the developer of FreeOTFE.

Related pages
 Encryption
 Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) - Email encryption
 PuTTY - SSH encryption

Other websites 
 Official WWW site

Cryptography
Microsoft Windows software
Free software
Secrecy
Computer security
A natural language is the kind which we use in everyday conversation and writing. For example English, Hindi, Chinese. Natural languages are always very flexible, and people speak them in slightly different ways.

There are some natural languages which are simplified, such as Basic English and Special English.

An artificial language is quite different, as it is built for some special purpose. They are always very precise, and must be used according to pre-set rules. Symbolic logic, mathematics, programming languages.

Related pages
Artificial language
Formal language
Natural language processing

Language
Windows Mobile is a discontinued operating system that came with basic applications for mobile devices.

It is designed to look like desktop versions of Microsoft Windows.

The first version was Pocket PC 2000, released in April 2000. It was based on the kernel of Windows CE 3.0 (Handheld PC 2000). Then came Pocket PC 2002, released about two weeks before Windows XP. It was similar to 2000, having full compatibility with Windows CE. Windows Mobile 2003, released in April 2003, was the first version called Windows Mobile. It was software-compatible with Windows
CE 3.x and 4.x.

Windows Mobile 5 was released around July/August 2005. It was similar to WM2003, except for a few new additions.

Windows Mobile 6.0 was released in February 2007 and had a kernel powered by Windows CE 6.x.
6.1 in 2008 was much the same, and 6.5, released in 2009/2010, was the last version.
It was discontinued in March 2010 and replaced by Windows Phone.
Microsoft ended sale of Windows Mobile devices on June 13, 2010 and ended all support of it on August 21, 2010.
Two months later, Windows Phone was released.

References

Microsoft operating systems
A Shoot is something in professional wrestling that is completely real and is not scripted. In other words, broken kayfabe. A shoot rarely happens.

Worked shoot 

On the scripted level, a Worked shoot is a scripted segment that takes place in a show with elements of reality being exposed, such as an off-screen incident between wrestlers being used as fuel for an on-screen rivalry between them. It can also be a segment that fans are meant to believe is a shoot, but is not.

Professional wrestling
A Proto-World language is a possible proto-language that all other languages came from.

Related pages
 Proto-Indo-European language

Languages
Biofuels are fuels from plant materials.  They offer the prospect of oil price moderation. Some biofuels can supply sustainable energy. Responsible development of biofuels will help economic prospects in Africa, Latin America and Asia.

Biofuel options

There are many biofuel options which are available.  Biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, are currently produced from the products of conventional food crops such as the starch, sugar and oil feedstocks from crops that include wheat, maize, sugar cane, palm oil and oilseed rape. Any major switch to biofuels from such crops would create a direct competition with their use for food and animal feed, and in some parts of the world we are already seeing the economic consequences of such competition.
Second generation biofuels are now being produced from the cellulose in dedicated energy crops (perennial grasses such as switchgrass and Miscanthus giganteus), forestry materials, the co-products from food production, and domestic vegetable waste. Advances in the conversion processes will improve the sustainability of biofuels, through  better efficiencies and reduced environmental impact of producing biofuels, from both existing food crops and from cellulosic sources.
Lord Ron Oxburgh suggests that responsible production of biofuels has several trade-offs:
Produced responsibly they are a sustainable energy source that need not divert any land from growing food nor damage the environment; they can also help solve the problems of the waste generated by Western society; and they can create jobs for the poor where previously were none.  Produced irresponsibly, they at best offer no climate benefit and, at worst, have detrimental social and environmental consequences.  In other words, biofuels are pretty much like any other product.   

According to the Rocky Mountain Institute, sound biofuel production practices would not hamper food and fibre production, nor cause water or environmental problems, and would enhance soil fertility. The selection of land on which to grow the feedstocks is a critical component of the ability of biofuels to deliver sustainable solutions. A key consideration is the minimization of biofuel competition for prime cropland.
Plants used as sustainable biofuel

Jatropha in India and Africa

Crops like Jatropha, used for biodiesel, can thrive on marginal agricultural land where many trees and crops will not grow, or would produce only slow growth yields. Jatropha cultivation provides benefits for local communities: 
Cultivation and fruit picking by hand is labour-intensive and needs around one person per hectare. In parts of rural India and Africa this provides much-needed jobs - about 200,000 people worldwide now find employment through jatropha. Moreover, villagers often find that they can grow other crops in the shade of the trees. Their communities will avoid importing expensive diesel and there will be some for export too.

Jatropha in Cambodia
Cambodia has no proven fossil fuel reserves, and is almost completely dependent on imported diesel fuel for electricity production. Consequently, Cambodians face an insecure supply and pay some of the highest energy prices in the world. The impacts of this are widespread and may hinder economic development.

Biofuels may provide a substitute for diesel fuel that can be manufactured locally for a lower price, independent of the international oil price. The local production and use of biofuel also offers other benefits such as improved energy security, rural development opportunities and environmental benefits.  The Jatropha curcas species appears to be a particularly suitable source of biofuel as it already grows commonly in Cambodia. Local sustainable production of biofuel in Cambodia, based on the Jatropha or other sources, offers good potential benefits for the investors, the economy, rural communities and the environment.
Sweet sorghum in India
Sweet sorghum overcomes many of the shortcomings of other biofuel crops. With sweet sorghum, only the stalks are used for biofuel production, while the grain is saved for food or livestock feed. It is not in high demand in the global food market, and thus has little impact on food prices and food security. Sweet sorghum is grown on already-farmed drylands that are low in carbon storage capacity, so concerns about the clearing of rainforest do not apply.  Sweet sorghum is easier and cheaper to grow than other biofuel crops in India and does not require irrigation, an important consideration in dry areas.

International collaboration on sustainable biofuels

Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels

Public attitudes and the actions of stakeholders can play a crucial role in realising the potential of biofuels. Informed discussion and dialogue, based
both on the scientific case and an understanding of public and stakeholder views, is important.
The Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels is an international initiative which brings together farmers, companies, governments, non-governmental organizations, and scientists who are  interested in the sustainability of biofuels production and distribution. During 2008, the Roundtable developed a series of principles and criteria for sustainable biofuels production through meetings, teleconferences, and online discussions.

The Roundtable for Sustainable Biofuels released “Version Zero” of its proposed standards for sustainable biofuels on August 13, 2008. This includes a dozen principles, each with several criteria developing the principle further.

Sustainable Biofuels Consensus
The Sustainable Biofuels Consensus is an international initiative which calls upon governments, the private sector, and other stakeholders to take concerted, collaborative and coordinated action to ensure the sustainable trade, use and production of biofuels.  In this way biofuels may play a key role in the transformation of the energy sector, climate stabilization and resulting worldwide renaissance of rural areas, all of which are urgently needed.

The Sustainable Biofuels Consensus envisions a landscape that provides food, fodder, fiber, and energy, which offers opportunities for rural development; that diversifies energy supply, restores ecosystems, protects biodiversity, and sequesters carbon.

Oil price moderation
Biofuels offer the prospect of real market competition and oil price moderation. According to the Wall Street Journal, crude oil would be trading 15 per cent higher and gasoline would be as much as 25 per cent more expensive, if it were not for biofuels. A healthy supply of alternative energy sources will help to combat gasoline price spikes.

Sustainable transport

Biofuels have a limited ability to replace fossil fuels and should not be regarded as a ‘silver bullet’ to deal with transport emissions. Biofuels on their own cannot deliver a sustainable transport system and so must be developed as part of an integrated approach,
which promotes other renewable energy options and energy efficiency, as well as moderating the overall demand and need for transport. The development of hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, public transport, and better urban and rural planning all need to be considered.

References
References

Other websites
New Zealand passes sustainable biofuels bill
Air New Zealand Sustainable Biofuel Test Flight Update
India approves biofuel rise
Biofuels a sustainable answer to future motoring, says Swedish

Energy
Sustainable development
Biofuels
The Montreal Screwjob was an incident that happened on November 9, 1997, at the World Wrestling Federation (WWF)'s Survivor Series professional wrestling show. It happened in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is called a screwjob, because in real life, the way the match would end was changed without one of the wrestlers knowing about it. The wrestler who was screwed was Bret Hart. The people who took part in the screwjob were Hart's opponent Shawn Michaels, WWF's owner Vince McMahon, and referee Earl Hebner.

Why the screwjob happened 
Bret Hart had wrestled in the WWF for 14 years, since 1983. He was popular, wrestling alone or as part of a tag team. He became WWF Champion five times. He was WWF Champion when the screwjob happened. In 1996, he signed a contract that lasted 20 years. The contract was meant to last until he retired as a wrestler, and let him be part of WWF's backstage plans. This meant he would be paid a lot of money.
At the start of November, Hart agreed to leave WWF and sign a new contract with WCW. His time in the WWF would end after Survivor Series. Because he was still WWF Champion, and he did not want to lose it in his final appearance, Vince McMahon was worried that Hart would bring the championship belt to WCW. This had happened before, when Debra Miceli, a wrestler who appeared as Alundra Blayze in WWF and Madusa in WCW, left WWF as WWF Women's Champion. She brought the belt on to WCW's TV show, WCW Monday Nitro, and dropped the belt in a trash can. The WWF Championship was the most important belt in WWF, so it would be even worse if Hart did something like that.

McMahon and Hart agreed to a plan, where Hart would still be champion at the end of Survivor Series. The next night on WWF's TV show, Monday Night Raw, he would give up the belt. McMahon did not follow this plan.
The screwjob 
At Survivor Series, the match between Hart and Michaels was the main event (final match) of the show. At the end of the match, Michaels had put Hart in a wrestling hold called the Sharpshooter. This was a hold that Hart liked to use, and won a lot of matches with. The ending of the match was supposed to have D-Generation X (a group of Shawn Michaels' on-screen friends) and The Hart Foundation (a group of Bret Hart's relatives and on-screen friends) run out to try and help. This meant the match would end without a winner. After that, Hart would give up the belt.

Instead, Earl Hebner, the referee, called for the match to end. He acted like Bret Hart had given up in the hold, even though he had not. The bell rang and the match ended. This meant that Shawn Michaels was the new WWF Champion. Hart was angry because this was not what had been planned. He spat at McMahon, who had planned this. The fans were also angry, and booed McMahon and Michaels while cheering Hart.
After the screwjob 
Bret Hart went to WCW, where he wrestled for two years until he retired.

Because the fans hated McMahon for what he had done, he decided to act like a villain on-screen. He was shown as the owner of the WWF (before, he pretended others owned it) and played the role of an evil boss. He had a long storyline with Stone Cold Steve Austin, who was a very popular hero at the time.

On the January 4, 2010 episode of Raw, Hart made up with Michaels by shaking his hand and hugging in the ring.

References 

1997 in professional wrestling
WWE
1997 in Canada
1990s in Quebec
The kind of "spirit"
The word "animism" is based on the word anima from Latin. Anima means breath, life, or spirit. However, these are English words. The ideas of animism are often not from people who speak English. This means there is not one definition of spirit. The definitions are different in different animist groups. The following definitions are from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Some groups believe that nature moves and interacts because of the spirit in things. Other groups believe that nature has more than just a spirit of movement. They believe that spirits in nature are persons like humans are persons. They believe that persons of nature can have a "social relationship" with other persons. Other groups believe that the persons of nature are dead relatives of humans who are alive. Still other groups believe that a single plant or animal may be many spirits in one. They believe that existence, movements, and more are each a separate spirit
. In summary, not all animists define "spirit" the same way, but animists do believe similar things. They believe there is a spirit in many things which are not humans. They believe these spirits are why things that are not human move and interact.
The kinds of Animist belief

Differences between Animism and similar beliefs 
Animism is different from other similar beliefs. However, it is often confused with other similar beliefs. First, Animism is not Hylozoism. Hylozoism claims that the entire universe is alive and has an animating power like a spirit. Animism does not claim that the universe is alive. Animism does not believe all things are alive. Second, Animism is not Panpsychism. Panpsychism claims that all things have a mind and that mentality is the reason why the universe can exist. Animism claims that only some things have a mind. Animism does not believe that things must have a mind in order to exist. Third, Animism is not Vitalism. Vitalism claims that things which are alive cannot be explained without a spiritual as well as physical reason. Animism does not always believe  that everything alive has a spirit. Animism also sometimes believes that non-living things have spirits.
Differences between Animism and Theism 
Animism is often compatible with Theism. Theism is the belief in the divine. The divine can be a single god (monotheism), many gods (polytheism), or everything (pantheism). Theists believe that the divine is "transcendent," separate from human life. However, Animism is neither monotheistic nor polytheistic. The spirits of Animist belief are not transcendent, and that is why humans interact with them. Also, Animism is not pantheistic. The spirits of Animism are not all one (monism), but are unique to each thing with a spirit.
"Old Animism" and "New Animism" 
Animism is an idea described by anthropologists, not Animists. As anthropologists have studied Animism, they have changed their minds on how to describe it. This means that the first definition of Animism is now known as "Old Animism." The first definition was offered by Ernst Stahl in the 1800s. Stahl was a chemist and physician. He was not describing a religious belief. However, Edward Tylor borrowed his word to use for religious beliefs in other parts of the world. These beliefs were different and older from what Tylor believed. Because they were different and older, Tylor argued that his beliefs must have developed from Animist beliefs. He argued that all people groups develop in this way. The main change he proposed was that people move from religious explanations for the world to scientific explanations for the world. This was called the social evolutionary approach to anthropology. It is not popular with anthropologists since the 1920s.
Now, anthropologists have stopped thinking of Animism as a way of explaining the world. Now, Animism is described as a way of relating to the world. This is the difference: the "old Animism" explained the unknown, but "new Animism" builds relationships with non-human people. This change in definitions is possible mostly because of Alfred Irving Hallowell. Hallowell studied the Berens River Ojibwe of North America in the 1930s. He lived with them. He learned that the Ojibwe do not think there is a spirit in all things at all times. They do not believe spirits explain every question. Instead, the spirits of things which interact with humans as persons. Animism for the Ojibwe is about relationships. Hallowell said the best way to understand this "new" Animism was to also believe in it. It is not common for anthropologists to believe similar things to the people they write about. However, this definition of Animism is the one that anthropologists are writing about today.

References

Related pages
 Shinto
Religion
Cultural anthropology
A proto-language is a language that all languages in a language family came from.

Related pages
 Historical linguistics
 Proto-World language
 Proto-Indo-European language

Languages
WrestleMania X-Seven was the seventeenth yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It happened on April 1, 2001 at the Reliant Astrodome in Houston, Texas. The event was the first WrestleMania held in the state of Texas. The amount of people who went to the event broke the record for total number of people attending at the Reliant Astrodome.  The total number of people was counted at of 67,925.  It resulted in total receipt of $3.5 million. The event is often cited as the end of The Attitude Era.

The main event was a No Disqualification match between Steve Austin and The Rock for the WWF Championship. During the match, Austin turned heel after he told Vince McMahon, a man that he had called his nemesis, to give him a chair. Austin hit The Rock with sixteen chair shots, which lead to Austin pinning The Rock and becoming the new WWF Champion. The PPV ended with Austin and McMahon shaking hands and sharing beers.
The main matches on the undercard featured Triple H vs. The Undertaker, the second TLC match for the WWF Tag Team Championship, and Vince McMahon versus Shane McMahon in a Street Fight.

Matches

Battle Royal

References

Other websites
Official WrestleMania X-Seven website

2001 in professional wrestling
Sports in Houston
WrestleMania 17
WWF Attitude Era
2001 in American television
2000s in Houston
Central Florida is the central region of the United States state of Florida, on the East Coast. The region enjoys a hot but stormy climate, with many thunderstorms, and hurricanes threatening often.

The exact boundary of the area may be in dispute. Central Florida tends to be thought of as the area around metropolitan Orlando, including Orange, Osceola, Seminole, Lake, Brevard, and Volusia counties. Polk and Sumter counties are considered by some, including the local media, to be part of Central Florida. Although geographically in the central part of the state, usually the west central coast, including Hillsborough, Pinellas, Pasco, and Hernando counties, is considered the Tampa Bay area or the Suncoast, rather than a part of Central Florida. This area is known as the I-4 corridor.

In 2020, the total population of the Central Florida area was about 8 million people. Central Florida is a mix of deep south and typical Floridian culture.  This is what makes the area unique.
The largest cities in Central Florida are Orlando, Palm Bay, Lakeland, Melbourne, Deltona, Daytona Beach, Kissimmee, Altamonte Springs and Sanford. 

The region has grown over the last two decades.  A lack of growth management has led to massive urban sprawl in the area. Outdated and unplanned building has led to an overload of vehicle traffic. Local governments, in dispute with each other over growth, have now started taking a more regional approach and several transportation programs.

References

Other websites 
Kissimmee Convention & Visitors Bureau, Osceola County 
University of Central Florida
Central Florida Hurricane Center
Trails.com List of Central Florida Trails
Altamonte Springs Community Blog 
Around Central Florida community pages 
 Central Florida Free MLS Real Estate Search 
Central Florida Event Guide

Geography of Florida
Emil von Behring (Emil Adolf von Behring), born Emil Adolf Behring (15 March 1854 – 31 March 1917), was a German doctor. He won the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for making a serum to stop people getting the disease diphtheria

References 

1854 births
1917 deaths
German academics
German doctors
German Nobel Prize winners
People from former German territories
Prussian scientists
Ronald Ross (13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932) was an English doctor. He won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for work on malaria transmitting by anopheles mosquitos.

References

1857 births
1932 deaths
English physicians
British Nobel Prize winners
Niels Ryberg Finsen (December 15, 1860 – September 24, 1904) was an Icelandic-Faroese doctor. He won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for treating lupus vulgaris (tuberculosis of the skin), with light radiation.

References 

1860 births
1904 deaths
Danish physicians
Faroese people
Danish Nobel Prize winners
Robert Koch (11 December 1843 - 27 May 1910) was a German doctor. He won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for studying tuberculosis.

The Royal Prussian Institute for Infectious Disease started in 1891, is now called the Robert Koch Institute.

Koch's postulates 
Koch developed a system to check whether a microorganism caused a disease. The system was four questions, known as Koch's postulate.
Koch's postulates are the following:

The micro-organism must be common in all organisms with the disease, but absent from healthy organisms.
The microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture.
The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism.
The microorganism must be taken from the inoculated, diseased experimental host and shown to be identical to the original one which caused the disease.
The postulates are still useful. Many variations have been developed.

Other websites

References
References 

1843 births
1910 deaths
German doctors
German Nobel Prize winners
Kanata is a large suburban area in the western part of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It has a population of 90,000 and is growing very fast. It is just west of the Greenbelt. It is an important area for Hi-tech Businesses. It was an independent town from 1978 to 2000.

History

Kanata was originally part of the Township of March. It was settled by Europeans in the early 19th Century. It was mainly agricultural(Farms) until the 1960s when it became the site of a lot of construction. Modern Kanata is largely the creation of Bill Teron, a developer and urban planner who purchased over 3,000 acres (12 km2) of rural land and set about building a model community. It was planned to have a mix of offices, residential(Housing) area, and green area. Kanata was divided into a number of communities. Each was intended to have its own Business Center and unique culture. These include Beaverbrook, Glen Cairn, Bridlewood, Katimavik, Hazeldean, Morgan's Grant, and Kanata Lakes.
Kanata grew Rapidly. In 1978 the Province of Ontario made Kanata a city separate from the Township of March. Kanata remained a city intil 2001 when it was merged with the city of Ottawa, along with many other cities.

The city became an important hi-tech centre. DEC was one of the pioneer technology companies in Kanata. The DEC campus has been successively Digital, Compaq, and is now HP. Kanata remains home to many of the major hi-tech employers of Ottawa, such as Mitel, March Networks, Alcatel-Lucent, Dell Canada, Hewlett-Packard, Smart Technologies, Norpak, Nortel, MDS Nordion, Breconridge, AMCC, and Cisco Systems, Inc.. The hi-tech industry is clustered along March Road, in the Kanata North Business Park and Kanata Research Park, and along Eagleson Road, in the Kanata South Business Park.

Location

Kanata is in the Ottawa Valley. It is about 22 km southwest of Downtown Ottawa. It is along the Highway 417. The northern end of Kanata is west of the Ottawa River.
To the east, Kanata is separated from the former City of Nepean by the National Capital Commission's Greenbelt (Ottawa). The community of Bells Corners borders the inner side of the Greenbelt. Bells Corners is, like Kanata, a hi-tech suburb that was established around 1950.

To the west of Kanata is Stittsville, Ontario. Stittsville first a farming community, then a village, then part of the township of Goulbourn. Stittsville is now a large suburb which was merged into the new City of Ottawa in 2001, and is largely employed by the hi-tech industry.

To the south of Kanata is the former village of Richmond, Ontario which pre-dated what is now the City of Ottawa.

Notable Buildings
Scotiabank Place, 1000 Palladium Drive. Home arena of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League and many large concerts. It has also been known as The Palladium (1996), and The Corel Centre (1996-2005). For several years before the merger, the Corel Centre was not in the City of Ottawa, but rather in the City of Kanata, which was in the Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton. 
The Kanata Recreation Complex, 100 Walter Baker Place. It Has two skating rinks and a toboggan hill. 
The Kanata Leisure Centre and Wave Pool, 70 Aird Place 
The Brookstreet Resort, 525 Legget Drive 
The Kanata Centrum power centre; together with adjacent developments, Ottawa's third largest shopping centre. 
The Royal Canadian Legion's national headquarters, located near the Kanata Leisure Centre and the bridge over Hwy. 417 which links Castlefrank Road and Kanata Avenue. The Department of National Defence named the Valour Bridge on 1 December 2006, in an official naming ceremony to honour Canada's Armed Forces.
Ron Maslin Playhouse, 1 Ron Maslin Place. The 350-seat theatre was completed in 1996, and was funded by an all-volunteer theatre company which was founded in 1968 in the homes of original Kanata residents and enthusiasts of live theatre. 
Bell Sensplex, 1565 Maple Grove Road. Houses four ice rinks, one olympic sized, an indoor soccer pitch, a licensed restaurant upstairs and the new location of iPlay, formerly on Iber road in Stittsville. 
AMC Kanata 24 Theatres, the largest movie theatre in Ottawa. The movie theatre itself is located in the Kanata Centrum.
Schools

Major schools in Kanata:

Elementary schools

Bridlewood Community Elementary School 
Castlefrank Elementary School 
École Élémentaire Publique Kanata 
Glen Cairn Public School 
Jack Donohue Public School 
John Young Elementary School 
Katimavik Elementary School 
Roch Carrier Elementary School 
Roland Michener Public School 
Stephen Leacock Public School 
W. Erskine Johnston Public School 
W.O. Mitchell Elementary School

French Catholic Schools:

École Roger-Saint-Denis 
École Elisabeth-Bruyère

Catholic Schools

Georges Vanier Catholic School 
Holy Redeemer Catholic School 
Holy Spirit Catholic School 
St Isidore Catholic School 
St Martin de Porres Catholic School

French Immersion Catholic Schools: École elementaire publique Kanata

St James Catholic School 
St Anne Catholic School

Secondary schools

Earl of March Secondary School 
A.Y. Jackson Secondary School 
Holy Trinity Catholic High School 
All Saints Catholic High School

Private Schools
March Montessori School
Cities in Ontario
Former cities in Canada
Neighborhoods
Camillo Golgi (7 July 1843 – 21 January 1926) was an Italian doctor. He shared the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Santiago Ramón y Cajal for their work on the parts of the nervous system.

References 

1843 births
1926 deaths
Italian biologists
Italian Nobel Prize winners
Santiago Ramón y Cajal 1 May 1852  18 October 1934) was a Spanish doctor. He shared the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Camillo Golgi for their work on the anatomy of the nervous system.

Ramón y Cajal worked on thin slices of brain tissue which were laid on microscope slides and stained with silver. The stain was invented by Golgi, who shared the Nobel Prize with him.

Ramón y Cajal's investigations of the microscopic structure of the brain were original: he is considered by many to be the father of modern neuroscience. He was skilled at drawing, and hundreds of his illustrations of brain cells are still used for educational purposes today.

Related pages
List of scientists from Europe

References 

1852 births
1934 deaths
Spanish scientists
Neuroscientists
Anatomists
Spanish Nobel Prize winners
Robert James "Rab" Douglas (born 24 April 1972 in Lanark) is a Scottish footballer. He currently plays  at Dundee F.C.

Honours
Livingston
Winner
Scottish Division 3: 1995–96
Dundee

Scottish Division 1: 1997–98
Celtic
Winner
Scottish Premier League: 2000–01, 2001–02, 2003–04
Scottish Cup: 2000–01, 2003–04, 2004–05
Runner-up
UEFA Cup: 2002–03
Scottish League Cup: 2002–03
Scottish Cup: 2001–02

References

British association football goalkeepers
Living people
1972 births
Footballers from South Lanarkshire
Alphonse Laveran (Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, 18 June 1845  18 May 1922) was a French military doctor. He won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for his work on the way protozoa can cause disease.

References

1845 births
1922 deaths
French academics
French military people
French Nobel Prize winners
French physicians
Scientists from Paris
The Phasianidae is a family of birds which includes the pheasants, partridges, grouse, junglefowl (including chicken). These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many have a spur on their legs. 

Males of the larger species are often brightly coloured. The typical diet is seeds with some insects and berries.

References
This is the complete discography of the Canadian Punk rock band Sum 41.

Albums

Studio albums

Live, bonus and compilation albums

EPs

DVDs

Singles

Soundtrack appearances
"Makes No Difference":
Bring It On (2000)
Summer Catch (2001)
Out Cold (2001)
Van Wilder (2002)
Dragon Ball Z: Bardock - The Father of Goku  (2002)

"What I Believe"
Dude, Where's My Car? (2000)

"Fat Lip":
American Pie 2 (2001)

"32 Ways to Die":
Book of Shadows: Blair Witch 2 (2000)

"In Too Deep":
American Pie 2 (2001)
Cheaper By The Dozen (2003)

"What We're All About":
Spider-man (2002)

"The Hell Song":
American Wedding (2003)

"We're All to Blame":
Godzilla: Final Wars (2004)

"No Reason":
Dirty Love (2005)

"Open Your Eyes":
Going the Distance (2004)

"Noots":
Fantastic Four (2005)
Featurings, Covers & B-Sides
"Astronaut" - Recorded before "Half Hour of Power", appears on  Rock out with your Cock Out.
"Reign in Pain" - A song found on some versions of "Does This Look Infected?"  Done by Sum 41's alter ego band "Pain for Pleasure"
"WWVII Parts 1 and 2" - A song found on some versions of "Does This Look Infected?"  Done by Sum 41's alter ego band "Pain for Pleasure".  Holds the record for being the longest Sum 41 song to date.
"Moron" - Appeared on Rock Against Bush, Vol. 1, some versions of "Chuck" (both releases had two different versions however), and in "Go chuck yourself" (live).
"Noots" - Appeared on the soundtrack to Fantastic Four and a song on some versions of "Chuck".
"Rock You" - from the movie soundtrack FUBAR: The Album
"Subject to Change" - Appeared as secret track on "Chuck" on Japanese and European versions (New song Underclass Hero of Sum 41's new album of the same name has the same exact chorus, which says that this is an original demo of the new song)
"Things I Want" - featured in the Swallow My Eggnog disk from Tenacious D
"Unwritten Christmas" - guest artist on a recording with Unwritten Law
"Rock Medley" - A live song mix for the MTV 20 years anniversary that include owns Fat Lip, No Sleep 'Till Brooklyn (From Beastie Boys), Shout at the Devil (from Mötley Crüe), You've Got Another Thing Comin' (From Judas Priest), featuring Tommy Lee and Rob Halford
"How You Remind Me" - Nickelback cover performed live at the MTV 2002 New Year's Eve
"Walk This Way" - Aerosmith cover recorded with Nelly, Ja Rule and DJ Clue for the Aerosmith's MTV Icon
"The Trooper" - Iron Maiden cover performed at MTV and numerous concerts
"Metallica Medley" - Metallica mix cover that include For Whom the Bell Tolls, Enter Sandman and Master of Puppets, performed live at the Metallica's MTV Icon opening
"Little Know It All" - guest performance with Iggy Pop, later released as a single for the record Skull Ring.
"Lust for Life" - guest performance with Iggy Pop on the Skull Ring Tour and the 2003 MTV Latin Music Awards.
"Get Back" - Premiered on Saturday Night Live, a recorded "Rock Remix" version with Ludacris for the iTunes version of Chuck and The Red Light District albums.
"Killer Queen" - Recorded for the Killer Queen: A Tribute to Queen album.
"Attitude" - A Misfits cover which is featured on their MySpace.
"Still Waiting" - Appeared in the 2005 Survival Horror Video Game "Obscure" as main theme. 
"Fat Lip" and "Makes No Difference" were featured in ice-hockey video game NHL 2002 by EA Sports.
"Underclass Hero" was featured in football video game Madden NFL 08.
 "Pla" is a song that was recorded for the Underclass Hero album that didn't make the final cut.  Currently unreleased, confirmed on the band's official Q&A.
There is an unreleased B-side of Underclass Hero
Others

Notes

Discography
Discographies of Canadian artists
Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov  (16 May 1845 – 16 July 1916) was a Ukrainian zoologist of (partly) Jewish descent (his mother was Jewish). He won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, with Paul Ehrlich, for finding out how immunity fights disease.

Mechnikov was a protozoologist who became better known for the discovery of macrophages in 1882. He discovered how they dealt with germs by phagocytosis. Macrophages are found in virtually all tissues, and patrol for potential pathogens by amoeboid movement.

He is also credited with coining the term gerontology in 1903, for the emerging study of ageing and longevity.

He was born in Kharkov (now Kharkiv), Russian Empire (now Ukraine)

Related pages 
List of biologists

References

Other websites 

1845 births
1916 deaths
Immunologists
Jewish Nobel Prize winners
Jewish scientists
Russian Jews
Russian Nobel Prize winners
Russian scientists
Ukrainian Jews
Ukrainian Nobel Prize winners
Ukrainian scientists
Zoologists
Paul Ehrlich (14 March 1854 – 20 August 1915) was a German doctor of Jewish descent. He won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, with Ilya Mechnikov, for finding out how immunity fights disease.

Ehrlich directed a research program which discovered the first treatment for syphilis which worked. It was a compound of arsenic which went by the trade name of Salvarsan. He studied trypanosomiasis and other protozoal diseases. He produced trypan red, which was (as his Japanese assistant Shiga showed) effective against trypanosomes.

He invented a staining system for bacteria (before Gram staining). He did a complete survey of all the cell staining techniques then known. He showed how to tell the difference between different kinds of white blood cells, and discovered mast cells. He discovered that methylene blue, which stains bacteria and cell nuclei, could put the malarial parasite, Plasmodium, into recession (the fever drops).