Aarushhh/wikipedia-simple-splitted huggingface dataset:
Islam
In 2011, Wikileaks published diplomatic cables attributing controversial comments on Islam to Lee. Wikileaks quoted Lee as having described Islam as a "venomous religion". Lee later denied making the comments.

The incident followed hot on the heels of Lee's controversial book release Lee Kuan Yew: Hard Truths to Keep Singapore Going. In the book, Lee claimed that Singaporean Muslims faced difficulties in integrating because of their religion, and urged them to "be less strict on Islamic observances". He has said:

"I have to speak candidly to be of value, but I do not wish to offend the Muslim community.

I think we were progressing very nicely until the surge of Islam came, and if you asked me for my observations, the other communities have easier integration - friends, intermarriages and so on, Indians with Chinese, Chinese with Indians - than Muslims. That's the result of the surge from the Arab states.

I would say today, we can integrate all religions and races except Islam.
I think the Muslims socially do not cause any trouble, but they are distinct and separate...

But now, you go to schools with Malay and Chinese, there's a halal and non-halal segment and so too, the universities. And they tend to sit separately so as not to be contaminated. All that becomes a social divide...

Be less strict on Islamic observances and say ‘Okay, I'll eat with you."

According to former PM Goh Chok Tong, Singaporean Muslims adjusted their religious practices according to the unique circumstances in Singapore.

The ethnic integration policy was also implemented to avoid the formation of ethnic ghettoes in Singapore's HDB flats. Every precinct had to have inhabitants from all the ethnic groups according to national proportions.
Defamation judgment
On 24 September 2008 the High Court of Singapore, in a summary judgment by Justice Woo Bih Li, ruled that the Far Eastern Economic Review (FEER) magazine (Hugo Restall, editor), defamed Lee and his son, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong. The court found the 2006 article "Singapore's 'Martyr': Chee Soon Juan" meant that Lee Kuan Yew "has been running and continues to run Singapore in the same corrupt manner as T. T. Durai operated the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and he has been using libel actions to suppress those who would question to avoid exposure of his corruption." The court sentenced FEER, owned by Dow Jones & Company (in turn owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corp), to pay damages to the complainants. FEER appealed but lost the case when the Court of Appeal ruled in October, 2009 that the Far Eastern Economic Review did defame the country's founder Lee Kuan Yew and his son Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong.
Secondary sources
 Barr, Michael D. 2000. Lee Kuan Yew: The Beliefs Behind the Man. Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press.
 Gordon, Uri. 2000. Machiavelli's Tiger: Lee Kwan Yew and Singapore's Authoritarian regime 
 Josey, Alex. 1980. Lee Kuan Yew — The Crucial Years. Singapore and Kuala Lumpur: Times Books International.
 King, Rodney. 2008. The Singapore Miracle, Myth and Reality. 2nd Edition, Insight Press.
 Kwang, Han Fook, Warren Fernandez and Sumiko Tan. 1998. Lee Kuan Yew: The Man and His Ideas. Singapore: Singapore Press Holdings.

 Minchin, James. 1986. No Man is an Island. A Study of Singapore’s Lee Kuan Yew. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.

References

Other websites
Other websites

 Official Profile .
 Lee Kuan Yew Watch 
 Culture Is Destiny; A Conversation with Lee Kuan Yew . Foreign Affairs, interview by Fareed Zakaria.
 War of Words  Alejandro Reyes, Asiaweek.com, 25 September 1998. Retrieved 8 December 2004.
 Lee Kuan Yew: A Chronology, 1923–1965 Largely based on Lee Kuan Yew, The Singapore Story: Memoirs of Lee Kuan Yew. Singapore: Times, 1998. Retrieved 8 December 2004
 Charlie Rose interview LEE KUAN YEW - 58 mins interview video
 CNN interview Part 1, Part 2: CNN's Fareed Zakaria talks with Lee Kuan Yew about his life as prime minister of Singapore.
 Memories of Asia

Prime Ministers of Singapore
People's Action Party (Singapore) politicians
Members of the Cabinet of Singapore
1923 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Companions of Honour
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Singaporean politicians
Political office-holders in Singapore
Autobiographers
Wednesday Morning, 3 AM is the name of the first album by Simon and Garfunkel. It came out in 1964. Some of the songs on the album were written by Paul Simon, but others were written by other people. The songs "Wednesday Morning, 3 AM", "The Sounds of Silence", "Bleecker Street" and Bob Dylan's "The Times They Are a-Changin'" are on the album. The album did not sell well, though the song "The Sounds of Silence" was later released as a successful single in 1966.

Track listing

Personnel
 Paul Simon – acoustic guitar, banjo on "Last Night I Had the Strangest Dream", vocals
 Art Garfunkel – vocals
 Barry Kornfeld – acoustic guitar
 Bill Lee – double bass

Charts

References

1964 albums
Folk albums
Three 6 Mafia is a rap group from Memphis, Tennessee. They became a band under the name Triple 6 Mafia in 1991 and released their first studio album Mystic Stylez in 1995. They are signed to Sony Music Entertainment, Hypnotize Minds and Columbia Records. Their song "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" won an Academy Award for Best Original Song in 2006. The song "Somebody's Gonna Get It" is the current entrance theme song of WWE superstar Mark Henry.

Studio albums 
 Mystic Stylez (1995)
 Chapter 1: The End (1996)
 Chapter 2: World Domination (1997)
 When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 (2000)
 Choices: The Album (2001)
 Da Unbreakables (2003)
 Choices II: The Setup (2005)
 Most Known Unknown (2005)
 Last 2 Walk (2008)
 Laws of Power (2014)

References

Other websites 
Three 6 Mafia's Official website 

Musical groups from Tennessee
American rap music groups
American hip hop bands
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Musical groups established in 1991
1990s establishments in Tennessee
In geology, a hotspot or hot spot is a portion of the Earth's surface which is volcanic. This may be caused by a rising mantle plume or some other cause. Hotspots may be far from tectonic plate boundaries. 

A volcanic hotspot is where magma pushes up from deep in the Earth's crust or mantle, and creates a volcano. The Earth's plates may move along, creating a new volcano above the hotspot while moving the older volcanoes away. This creates a chain of volcanoes, such as in Hawaii.

Discussion

Standard account of volcanic activity 
Most volcanoes are explained by the collision or splitting apart of continental plates. This explains the long mountain ranges which have many volcanoes, such as the western edge of the Americas. It also explains the huge rift valleys such as the East African Rift Valley. Most Earth scientists accept that the cause of these great features is plate tectonics.
The problem arises with volcanoes which are not at the edges of plates. In the United States, the Yellowstone Caldera is obviously active. It has geysers caused by constant geothermal energy activity, and the floor of the crater moves up and down as much as 50 meters in a few years. The Pacific Ocean has six or seven chains of islands formed by volcanic activity. Most of these cannot be explained simply as being on the edge of two or three plates.

Hotspot theory 
J. Tuzo Wilson suggested in 1963 that volcanic chains like the Hawaiian Islands result from the slow movement of a tectonic plate across a fixed hot spot deep beneath the surface of the planet. Hotspots are thought to be caused by a narrow stream of hot mantle convecting up from the Earth's core–mantle boundary called a mantle plume. 

Other geologists think it is not high temperature that causes the volcanism. They think lithospheric extension (stretching of the Earth's crust) allows melted mantle to rise from shallow depths.
Geologists have identified some 40–50 such hotspots around the globe. Those under Hawaii, Réunion, and Yellowstone are the most active at present.

References 

Geological formations
Beautiful Girls is a 1996 American romantic comedy-drama movie. It stars Rosie O'Donnell, Matt Dillon, Mira Sorvino and Natalie Portman. The movie was released in February 1996. It is about a reunion. Ted Demme directed the movie. Also starring are Annabeth Gish, Lauren Holly, Michael Rapaport and Uma Thurman.

References

Other websites 

1996 comedy-drama movies
1996 romantic comedy movies
1996 romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
Canadian romance movies
Canadian comedy movies
Canadian drama movies
Malaysian movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies directed by Ted Demme
Movies set in Massachusetts
Teimour Radjabov, born 12 March 1987 in Baku, Azerbaijan, is the leading Azerbaijani chess player. 

Radjabov earned the title of Grandmaster in March 2001 at the age of 14, making him the second-youngest grandmaster in history at that time (to Bu Xiangzhi).  Radjabov's playing style has been described as attacking and tactically influenced.

Radjabov came second in the FIDE Grand Prix 2008–2010, qualifying him for the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship of 2012.

Radjabov is the youngest player ever to make the FIDE Top 100 Players list.  His rating of 2599 in January 2002 ranked 93rd in the world while he was still 14 years old.

In 2003, Radjabov defeated Garry Kasparov, Viswanathan Anand, and Ruslan Ponomariov with the black pieces.  He is probably the first player ever to beat three former and reigning FIDE World Chess Champions with the black pieces in one year.

Radjabov reached the semi-finals (earning a bronze medal) at the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004.
Position from Kasparov  Rajabov 
In this key position play went:
21... Ngxe5!?
22. Qe3 Nd7 
23. Qxe6 Bh4 
24. Qg4 g5 
25. Bd2 Rde8 and Black eventually won.

If Kasparov had taken the knight play would have gone:
22. Bxe5 Nxe5
23. dxe5 d4!
and Black comes through the centre.

References 

1987 births
Living people
Azerbaijani chess players
People from Baku
Chess grandmasters
Rumble Fighter is a computer game. It is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) where it is possible to play different classes such as the Striker, Soul Fighter, Elementalist, Alchemist or Shaman. The game is usually played player vs. player (PVP), but a new mode called Adventure Mode makes it possible to fight monsters, single play or party play.

References

Online games
Massively multiplayer online role-playing games
Peak oil is the idea that at some point an oil well, an oil field, a country, or the world, will be producing the most crude oil it can ever produce at one time.  After this point, less oil will be produced and therefore people will have to use less oil because it will cost more money.  Many scientists and governments are concerned about what will happen when there is less oil to go around.

The first person to come up with this idea was M.K. Hubbert in the 1950s and 1960s, who said that a graph of oil production looks like a curve (which we now call Hubbert's Curve).  Hubbert drew a graph in 1956 that predicted that the United States would reach its peak oil in the early 1970s.  The United States did indeed reach its peak oil in the early 1970s.  

It is unclear as to when the world's peak oil will happen, though many scientists agree that it was reached in the early 2000s or before 2020. For example, in 2010 the International Energy Agency (IEA) has said that peak oil may have happened in 2006.

References
References

Energy
The corgi (or Welsh corgi) is a small breed of dog. It comes from Wales.

There are two breeds: the Pembroke Welsh corgi and the Cardigan Welsh corgi. Queen Elizabeth II has kept pet Pembroke Welsh corgis since she was seven years old.

Corgis have a long torso and short legs, large bones, and a very short tail. Corgis were originally bred as dogs. They are very active and like exercise. They are intelligent and have good memories.

Culture 

Outside Wales, corgis have been made popular by Queen Elizabeth II. She usually had at least four as pets and once as many as thirteen. Her first corgi was named Susan. She mated Susan and her current dogs are still offspring of that breeding. She now has two corgis who are about twelve years old. Some portraits of Queen Elizabeth II show her holding a corgi or a few around her.

References 

Dog breeds originating in Wales
Ace, Aces, ACE or ACES may refer to:
 Flying ace, a military pilot who has shot down five or more enemy aircraft in air combat
 Ace (Doctor Who), a character in the Doctor Who television series
 Ace Frehley (born 1951), rock and roll guitarist and former member of the rock band Kiss
 Ace, a slang term for asexuality
 Ace (card), a card in a pack of playing cards.

Related pages
Dave Bolland (born June 5, 1986 in Etobicoke, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He played for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Chicago Blackhawks and Toronto Maple Leafs.

He began his hockey career when he played for the Queensway Canadiens at Mimico Areana, the local arena in Mimico. He then played minor hockey for the Toronto Red Wings of the Greater Toronto Hockey League from 2000 until 2002. When he played for the Red Wings, they won the OHL All Ontario Bantam Championship.

He was selected eighth overall in the first round of the 2002 Ontario Hockey League (OHL) Priority Selection by the London Knights. He played 4 seasons with the Knight before he was drafted with the 32nd overall pick by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. He won the Stanley Cup with the Chicago Blackhawks in 2010.
On June 24, 2013, He scored the game-winning goal in the final minute of game 6 of the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals to help the Blackhawks win their fifth cup and the second cup in four years (2010).

During the 2013 NHL Entry draft, the Blackhawks traded Bolland to the Maple Leafs in exchange for the 51st pick, the 117th pick and a fourth-round pick in the 2014 NHL Entry draft.

On June 28, 2014, Bolland was signed as a free agent by the Florida Panthers to a five-year, $27.5 million  contract.

Dave Bolland has yet to play a NHL game since December 16, 2015 due to back injury although he was traded to Arizona Coyotes for a conditional second round pick.

References

Other websites
Other websites 

1986 births
Living people
Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks players
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from Toronto
Norfolk Admirals players
Portland Pirates players
Rockford IceHogs (AHL) players
Stanley Cup champions
Toronto Maple Leafs players
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Memorial Cup winners
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The county once contained the rich and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary. The county was affected by the expansion of London in the 18th and 19th centuries. From 1855 the south east was administered as part of London. When county councils were initially introduced in England in 1889 around 20% of the area of Middlesex, and a third of its population, was transferred to the County of London.

In the interwar years urban London further expanded, with the expansion of public transport, and the setting up of new industries outside inner London.
After a Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London, Middlesex was absorbed by an enlarged Greater London in 1965. Despite its disappearance as an administrative county, Middlesex is still used as an area name. It was kept as a postal county; it is an optional component of postal addresses. It is still regarded by many as a meaningful area, with its own teams in County cricket, rugby and other sports and pastimes.

References
Ernst  Heinrich  Meier (17 May 1813 in Bückeburg – 2 March 1866 in Tübingen) was a German Orientalist. He published an Indian play, Sakuntala or the Lost Ring. He also published a collection of German folk songs.

References

1813 births
1866 deaths

Writers from Baden-Württemberg
Chico Slimani (born 2 April 1971) is a Moroccan-Welsh pop singer based in the UK and Morocco. He has been active since 2005 when he reached the quarter-finals of the 2005 UK series of talent show The X Factor. He has had 3 hit singles as of 2010, Number 1 hit "It's Chico Time", which was number 3 in Ireland, Number 24 hit "Disco" which was number 39 in Ireland and Number 45 hit "Curvy Cola Bottle Body" which failed to chart in Ireland he charted at number 85 with "It's England Time". He is part of Sony BMG record label. His album is Lights, Camera, Action. He is a contestant in the seventh series of Dancing on Ice, which began in January 2012. He is also known as Chico.

References

Dancing on Ice participants
Moroccan entertainers
The X Factor contestants
Welsh pop musicians
Welsh singers
1971 births
Living people
Recaredo Santos Tornero (October 14, 1842 – July 26, 1902) was a Chilean editor and journalist. He was the director of El Mercurio de Valparaíso and founder of El Comercio.

Biography 
Tornero was born in Valparaíso, on October 14, 1842. His parents were Carmen Olmos de Aguilera Orrego, and the Spanish immigrant José Santos Tornero Monteros, who was also the owner of the first public library in Chile. Recaredo Tornero studied at the National Institute of Santiago, and later attended the École Supérieure de Commerce de Paris, in France. He came back to Chile in 1860. In 1866, he succeeded his father as the director of El Mercurio de Valparaíso. He married Elena Stuven Olmos, and they had four children: Carmela, Recaredo, Teresa and Enrique.
His father's businesses included the Spanish Library (), the printing house of El Mercurio and the Valparaíso newspaper of the same name. The enterprise remained in the family's possession for 33 years. In 1866, Tornero and his brother Orestes bought the enterprise from their father.

Orestes took care of the library and its other parts, while Recaredo continued running the printing house and the newspaper. Later, they formed the Tornero & Sons Society () with his father, who was living outside Chile.

Tornero was the only editor of El Mercurio de Valparaíso from 1867 to 1870. In 1870, he partnered with Camilo Letelier. Blanco Cuartín became the main editor of the newspaper later and suggested that it focus on culture and literacy
He published Chile Ilustrado in 1872, the first illustrated album of Chile, with a descriptive guide, historic, politic, industrial, social and statistical review of the country and a rich graphic backup, with more than 200 wood engravings and 10 litographs. He was given a prize for this book at the 1876 Philadelphia Exposition.

After running it for nine years, he sold his part of the newspaper to Camilo Letelier. He revisited Europe in 1875, and bought machinery to create the first paper mill in Chile in 1880. At that time, he also started to publish foreign works translated into Spanish.

After his return to Valparaíso, Tornero founded a library and a printing house in Almendral. His brother Orestes died in 1881, and Tornero he took over the Mercurio library, which was mainly focused on editing teaching material and works translated from French.

President José Manuel Balmaceda had a bad relationship with the Chilean press. For this reason, Recaredo started the newspaper El Comercio to support him.
Recaredo died in Santiago on July 26, 1902.

References 

People from Valparaíso
Chilean journalists
1842 births
1902 deaths
Studio albums

Compilation albums

Live albums 

Notes
 Standard worldwide: 1-CD. Standard USA: 2-CD (counted as double units). RIAA counts double albums twice towards certification if over 100 minutes.
 This EP is considered in some countries as a single and in others as an album.
 I'm Going to Tell You a Secret reached #1 in the UK DVD Chart.

Singles

References 

Discography
Discographies of American artists
People who have a personality with many traits that make them prone to addiction are said to have an addictive personality. An addiction is a physical or psychological dependency that influences the life of that person negatively. Many addicted people use illegal drugs, but this does not have to be the case: many can also be addicted to smoking, gambling, food, exercise, work, video games, pornography or relationships. People with an addictive personality tend to plan their lives around the addiction. Addictive personality is difficult to treat.

Related pages 

 Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Personal life
Addiction
The Nexus was a professional wrestling stable that competed on the Raw brand. The Nexus' members were the First and Second Season NXT Rookies, CM Punk and John Cena.

History 

Before the Nexus joined together, they were contestants on the show, NXT. At the end of the first season of the show, Wade Barrett was chosen to be the winner, and he got a WWE contract and a chance to face any champion he chose. The seven losers of the show were left without a job. On the June 7th Raw, the group debuted during a match between John Cena and CM Punk. The Nexus attacked Punk, Cena, Luke Gallows, Jerry Lawler, Matt Striker, and other WWE employees.
The next night, Vince McMahon chose a new general manager of Raw. This new GM gave the all of the Nexus WWE contracts. Barrett said that this group was going to form no matter who won the competition, stating that the seven of them had formed a "Nexus" and had a common goal they all fought to have accomplished. However, even after apologizing for their actions, the Nexus continued their attacks, including one on McMahon who tried to take credit for the Nexus' actions.

At Money in the Bank pay-per-view, the Nexus tried to get involved in the WWE Championship match involving Sheamus and John Cena in a steel cage by breaking the door. However, the referees threw away the key and the tool that Tarver tried to use to break in. Then, they tried to climb up and get into the match. However, Sheamus and Cena were able to hold them off and escape, with Sheamus winning. Afterwards, Cena began beating up Tarver and Young and then took Tarver's Nexus armband.
On the July 19 episode of Raw the Nexus continued their attacks on the Raw roster by first attacking Edge and then Chris Jericho. Later on in the show Barrett beat Mark Henry. After that, Barrett and The Nexus asked Cena to join them. Cena refused and said that he would take them all down at SummerSlam, and that he had found some help to do it. Cena revealed his team one by one; the members were Edge, John Morrison, R-Truth, The Great Khali, Chris Jericho and Bret Hart. On the August 9 episode of Raw, the Nexus attacked the Hart Dynasty, Mark Henry, and the Great Khali before being stopped by Team WWE in a tag team lumberjack match. At SummerSlam, the Nexus were defeated by Team WWE, who had  Daniel Bryan, who joined Team WWE as a surprise member (after Nexus had (kayfabe) injured Khali, taking him out of the match) and eliminated both Young and Slater.
On the August 16, 2010 episode of Raw, Wade Barrett said that each member of Nexus would have a match facing a member of Team WWE and if a Nexus member lost they would be kicked out. All members of the Nexus, except for Darren Young, won their matches that night. Because of this, Young was thrown out of Nexus and attacked afterwards.

At a live event in Hawaii, member Skip Sheffield broke his ankle during a tag match with Otunga against the Hart Dynasty. This injury would take Sheffield out of action for months and that left only 5 members of Nexus left. The Nexus defeated the team of John Cena, Edge, Chris Jericho, Sheamus and Randy Orton in a 5 on 5 elimination match. They also attacked The Undertaker with the help of Kane.

They would appear on SmackDown and attack Dolph Ziggler, MVP, Big Show and John Cena. The Nexus would later serve as lumberjacks in the main event match between John Cena and Kane.
On the following Raw, John Cena was paired with Michael Tarver. After their match, Cena attacked Tarver. Barrett said they were going to get rid of Tarver anyways. Cena said he would destroy Nexus from the inside but the mystery GM said that Cena was a member of Nexus now and he would either take orders from Barrett or be fired. During a #1 contender battle royal later that night, Barrett ordered Cena to eliminate himself when it came down to them. At Bragging Rights, Cena and Otunga won the WWE Tag Team Championship by defeating Cody Rhodes and Drew McIntyre. The rest of the Nexus also helped Kane defeat The Undertaker in a buried alive match later that night. Barrett defeated Randy Orton in the main event match for the WWE Championship by disqualification from John Cena which caused him not to win the championship. Slater and Gabriel won the Tag Team Championship on the next Raw when Barrett ordered Otunga to lie down and be pinned on purpose
. Barrett also said that Michael McGillicutty and Husky Harris had become official member of Nexus. Cena defeated Orton in the main event match by disqualification from Barrett. Barrett was allowed to chose a special guest referee for his WWE Championship rematch against Orton at Survivor Series and he chose Cena. He said if Cena didn't make sure he won, Cena would be fired from the WWE but if Barrett did win, Cena would be able to leave the Nexus. Otunga led Harris, Slater, Gabriel and McGillicutty and they invaded SmackDown where they interrupted a match between Edge and Alberto Del Rio. They were defeated in the main event 10-man tag team match by Edge, Del Rio, Big Show, Kane and Kofi Kingston. Barrett wasn't happy with Otunga's decision to invade SmackDown and he forced Otunga to defend his spot in the group the next week. Otunga successfully defended his spot in the group when he defeated Edge in a lumberjack match, after an interference from Kane
. Orton defeated Barrett at Survivor Series to keep his WWE Championship. Cena was later fired from the WWE and left Nexus.
Even though Cena was fired, he kept showing up on Raw where he interfered in matches and attacked them backstage. Cena caused Slater and Gabriel to lose their Tag Team Champions to Santino Marella and Vladimir Kozlov after he interfered in their Fatal 4-Way tag team elimination match. Cena said later in the night that his attacks on Barrett would continue but attacks on the rest of the members of Nexus may stop eventually. Nexus threatened to kick out Barrett if he did not get Cena rehired. Barrett rehired Cena and faced him in a Chairs match at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs. Cena defeated Barrett after he attacked the other members of Nexus throughout the PPV.
Nexus announced that it was under "new management" and CM Punk later revealed that he was that new leader after Barrett was kicked out of Nexus for losing his match against Randy Orton and Sheamus. After CM Punk ordered Slater and Gabriel to hit each other with kendo swords for initiation, they refused and left Nexus to join Barrett and Ezekiel Jackson on SmackDown as The Corre. Mason Ryan joined Nexus after he interfered in a match between Punk and Cena. The feud between Cena and Nexus ended when Cena eliminated the members of Nexus in the Royal Rumble except Husky Harris who was eliminated by The Great Khali. Nexus cost Randy Orton his WWE Championship at the Royal Rumble and Orton would punt Harris in the skull on the following Raw after Harris and McGillicutty failed to win the Tag Team Championship from Santino Marella and Vladimir Kozlov. Orton would punt each member of Nexus over the weeks and removed them from in ring action
. Orton was unable to punt Punk in the head after their match at WrestleMania XXVII which left Punk as the only active member of Nexus. The rest of the members of Nexus returned and cost Orton a shot at the WWE Championship. Orton was drafted to SmackDown during the WWE Draft and defeated Punk at Extreme Rules which ended the feud between Orton and Nexus. Ryan later left the group because of an injury. Nexus quietly disbanded on August 22, 2011.
In wrestling 
 Finishing moves
 450° splash – Gabriel
 Skip-line (Running lariat) – Sheffield
 Sweetness (Jumping Russian legsweep) – Slater
 Tarver's Lightning (Reverse thrown scoop powerslam) – Tarver
 The Verdict (Thrust spinebuster) – Otunga
 The Wasteland (Fireman's carry slam) – Barrett
 Heat Wave - Young
 Guillotine choke - Bryan
 House of Pain - Ryan
 Running senton - Harris
 McGillicutter - McGillicutty
 Attitude Adjustment & STF - Cena
 Go to Sleep & Anaconda Vise - Punk
 Entrance themes
 "We Are One" by 12 Stones
 "This Fire Burns" by Killswitch Engage
 "Death Blow" by VideoHelper Music
 "All About the Power" by S–Preme

References 

WWE teams and stables
2010 establishments
2011 disestablishments
The British Film Institute is a charity which helps to promote movies. They call them films rather than movies. It runs several cinemas including the IMAX, in London. It also runs the annual London Film Festival, which has movies, and the Lesbian and Gay Film Festival, which also has movies. The BFI has a large archive with more than 50,000 fiction movies (though they call them films), over 100,000 non-fiction titles and around 625,000 television programmes.

British movies
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. His brother Akihiro Endo is also a former footballer.

Biography
Endo was born in Kagoshima on January 28, 1980. After graduating from Kagoshima Jitsugyo High School, he joined J1 League club Yokohama Flügels in 1998. In March, he debuted against Yokohama Marinos in opening game in 1998 season. He played many matches as central midfielder in 1998 season. The club won the champions in 1998 Emperor's Cup. However the club was disbanded end of 1998 season due to financial strain. In 1999, he moved to Kyoto Purple Sanga with contemporaries Kazuki Teshima, Hideo Oshima and so on. He became a regular player and played many matches. However the club was relegated to J2 League end of 2000 season.
After the 2006 World Cup, Endo became a regular player as offensive midfielder under new manager Ivica Osim and wore the "number 7" shirt for Japan as Hidetoshi Nakata successor. In 2008, Takeshi Okada became a new manager, he played as defensive midfielder with Makoto Hasebe. He was selected Japan for 2010 World Cup. He played all 4 matches and scored a goal from a free-kick against Denmark in a 3–1 win as Japan qualified for the knockout stage. In 2011, he played at 2011 Asian Cup and Japan won the champions. From autumn 2013, his opportunity to play decreased. He also played at 2014 World Cup and 2015 Asian Cup. He played 152 games and scored 15 goals for Japan until 2015.

Statistics
|-
|1998||Yokohama Flügels||J1 League||16||1||0||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||20||1
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|J1 League||24||4||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||28||4
|-
|2000||29||5||1||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||36||6
|-
|2001||rowspan="20"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="20"|J1 League||29||4||3||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||36||5
|-
|2002||30||5||1||0||8||1||colspan="2"|-||39||6
|-
|2003||30||4||2||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||38||4
|-
|2004||29||9||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||32||9
|-
|2005||33||10||2||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||39||10
|-
|2006||25||9||4||1||0||0||5||3||34||13
|-
|2007||34||8||4||0||8||1||colspan="2"|-||46||9
|-
|2008||27||6||3||0||1||0||10||3||41||9
|-
|2009||32||10||4||3||2||0||6||1||44||14
|-
|2010||30||3||2||2||0||0||3||0||35||5
|-
|2011||33||4||0||0||0||0||7||1||40||5
|-
|2012||34||5||4||3||2||0||4||1||46||9
|-
|2013||33||5||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||33||5
|-
|2014||34||6||5||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||45||6
|-
|2015||34||5||4||0||3||1||12||0||53||6
|-
|-
|2016||34||2||2||0||3||1||5||1||44||4
|-
|2017||31||1||1||0||4||0||7||0||43||1
|-
|2018||34||1||1||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||41||1
|-
|2019||28||1||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|-
|2020||11||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||13||0
|-
|2020||rowspan="2"|Júbilo Iwata||rowspan="2"|J2 League||15||2||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||15||2
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
689||110||49||10||76||5||59||10||872||135
689||110||48||10||76||5||59||10||872||135
|}
|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||11||1
|-
|2004||16||2
|-
|2005||8||0
|-
|2006||8||0
|-
|2007||13||1
|-
|2008||16||3
|-
|2009||12||0
|-
|2010||15||2
|-
|2011||13||0
|-
|2012||11||1
|-
|2013||16||2
|-
|2014||8||2
|-
|2015||4||1
|-
!Total||152||15
|}

References

Other websites

1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Kagoshima Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Yokohama Flügels players
Kyoto Sanga FC players
Gamba Osaka players
Júbilo Iwata players
2006 FIFA World Cup players
2010 FIFA World Cup players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
2003 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2005 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2013 FIFA Confederations Cup players
The Leader of the Opposition in New Zealand is the politician who leads the MPs that are not in government in the New Zealand Parliament. In the debating chamber the Leader of the Opposition sits directly opposite the Prime Minister. At present, the Leader of the Opposition is Christopher Luxon of National since 2021.

Role
Usually, the Leader of the Opposition is the leader of the largest party of the Opposition.

The Leader of the Opposition does not have a large official role, but there are several ways in which the Leader of the Opposition takes part in affairs of state. Often, these relate to national security matters, which are supposed to go past party politics - the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service, for example, has to talk to the Leader of the Opposition as well as the Prime Minister about certain matters.

The Leader of the Opposition also receives a higher salary than other members of the Opposition, being paid the same amount as a Cabinet Minister.

References

 
Politics of New Zealand
The  Premier of Victoria  is the head of the Government of Victoria, Australia. The Premier does the same job at a state level as the Prime Minister of Australia does at a national level. Formal power is held by the King who is represented in Victoria by the Governor of Victoria. The Governor acts on the advice given to him by the Premier. The current Premier of Victoria is Jacinta Allan.

Victoria is governed under the Westminster  system of parliamentary government. It is a bicameral system with two elected houses. The lower house is called the Legislative Assembly and the upper house is called the Legislative Council. After an election, the State Governor appoints as Premier, the leader of the party who can control a majority of the elected members in the lower house. The Premier must resign if they no longer have a majority in the  Legislative Assembly. This can happen if they lose seats at an election, or if their own political party does not support them.
Victoria was a British colony, and power was held by the  Governor. In 1855, Britain allowed Victoria to have its own parliament, and the power was passed to the Premier.

List of  Premiers of Victoria
El Mercurio de Valparaíso is the oldest newspaper of Chile, and the oldest one in the world in Spanish language that is still being published –the first newspaper in Chile was La Aurora de Chile. It is from Valparaíso, and it was founded in 1827 by typographers Thomas G. Wells, Ignacio Silva Medina and Pedro Félix Vicuña. The first edition was published in September 12, 1827.

It is claimed that newspaper El Peruano is the oldest one in Spanish language.

References

Other websites 
 El Mercurio de Valparaíso homepage

Newspapers in South America
Spanish-language newspapers
Valparaíso
1827 establishments
19th-century establishments in Chile
1820s establishments in South America
Valparaíso may refer to:

Brazil
 Valparaíso - town in the São Paulo state
 Valparaíso - river in the Acre state
 Valparaíso de Goiás - town in the Goiás state
 Valparaíso - neighborhood in Blumenau, Santa Catarina
 Valparaíso - neighborhood in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro
 Valparaíso - neighborhood São Carlos, São Paulo

Chile
 Valparaíso - city in Chile
 Greater Valparaíso - a conurbation
 Region of Valparaíso - a region of Chile
 Province of Valparaíso - a province of Chile

Colombia
 Valparaíso - city in the department of Antioquia
 Valparaíso - city in the department of Caquetá

Spain
 Valparaíso, Cáceres, a town in the province of Cáceres, now disappeared, but that originated the most of the American toponyms.
 Valparaíso de Abajo, town in the province of Cuenca.
 Valparaíso de Arriba, town in the province of Cuenca.
 Valparaíso, town in the province of Zamora.

United States
 Valparaiso - city in the Indiana state
Valparaíso is a city in Chile, in the central coast del Litoral Central. It's also the capital of the province and region, and the legislative capital of the country. The city is part of the Greater Valparaíso conurbation.

The Chilean House of Representatives, the Command in Chief of the Chilean Army, the Fishing Undersecretary, the Fishing National Service, amidst other organizations, are in this city. The historical part of the city was declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO, in 2003.

References

Other websites

 
Capitals of Chilean regions
Azoximer bromide is a macromolecular compound with high-molecular weight and not proved immunomodulating activity. It is using in 
CIS countries for treatment and prophylaxis of diseases connected with damage of immune system. It is a N-oxidized polyethylene–piperazine derivative. Azoximer bromide is sold under the trade name Polyoxidonium.

Polyoxidonium is registered in US Patent-5503830 from 1996, in the Russian Federation from 1996, under registration number 96/302/9, FS 42-3906-00.

References 

Immunology
Drugs
Polymers
Raymond Washington Traylor, Jr. (May 2, 1963 – September 22, 2004) was a American professional wrestler. He is best known for wrestling with the WWF under the ring name (The) Big Bossman and with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) under the many different ring names. 

During his time with the WWF, he won the WWF Hardcore Champion four times where his fourth reign is credited as being the longest in WWF/E History. He also won the WWF Tag Team Championship one time with Ken Shamrock. He was one of the first members of The Corporation and served as their bodyguard.

He died of a heart attack in his Acworth, Georgia home on September 22, 2004.

In 2016, Traylor was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Slick.

References

Other websites 
The Big Boss Man's profile at WWE.com
Ray Traylor (Big Bossman) at Findagrave.com

1963 births
2004 deaths
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Former WWE wrestlers
WWE Hall of Fame
Chilliwack is a city in the Canadian province of British Columbia. 

The population of Chilliwack was 77,936 in 2011. The mayor of Chilliwack is Ken Popove.

The Stó:lō people lived in the area between 5,000 and 10,000 years ago. The population grew from 1857 to 1859 when gold was found in the Fraser Canyon. Over 40,000 gold miners had traveled to the goldfields and many of them traveled through the Chilliwack area. Chilliwack was incorporated as a town in 1873 and was the third municipality in British Columbia.

References

Other websites
 Official city website

Cities in British Columbia
1873 establishments in Canada
Whitesnake are an English hard rock band formed in London in 1978. The members of the group are David Coverdale, the only sole-singer and founder of the band, drummer Tommy Aldridge (since 1987; left 2007 but rejoined in 2013), guitarist Reb Beach and Joel Hoekstra, bassist Tanya O'Callaghan, and keyboardist Michelle Luppi and Dino Jelusick.

Studio albums
Snakebite- EP (1978)
Trouble (1978)
Lovehunter (1979)
Ready an' Willing (1980)
Come an' Get It (1981)
Saints & Sinners (1982)
Slide It In (1984)
Whitesnake (1987)
Slip of the Tongue (1989)
Restless Heart (1997)
Good to Be Bad (2008)
Flesh & Blood (2019)
Complications
The Best of Whitesnake (1981)
The Greatest Whitesnake (1983)
Best (1991)
Whitesnake's Greatest Hits (1994)
The Best of Whitesnake: The Millennium Collection (2000)
Here I Go Again: The Whitesnake Collection (2002)
Best of Whitesnake (2003)
The Silver Anniversary Collection (2003)
The Early Years (2004)
The Definitive Collection (2006)
Gold (2006)
Unzipped (2018)
The ROCK Album (2020)
Love Songs (2020)
The Blues Album (2021)
Greatest Hits: Revisted, Remixed, Remastered (2022)

Other websites
Whitesnake's official website

1978 establishments in the United Kingdom
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English hard rock bands
Musical groups established in 1978
Musical groups from Yorkshire
In publishing, printers are the companies that supply printing services and persons who operate directly printing presses.

After the invention of the moveable type printing press by Johannes Gutenberg around 1450, printers were made popular throughout Europe.

Today, printers are found throughout the world. They include:

 Newspaper printers, that are often owned by newspaper publishers
 Magazine printers, that are usually independent of magazine publishers
 Book printers, often not directly connected with book publishers
 Stationery printers
 Packaging printers
 Commercial printers, often offering digital and traditional printing services

An artist that operates a printing press to do their own works, especially by hand, is usually named by the term printmaker.
Famous printers
 Johannes Gutenberg
 John Baskerville
 Jodocus Badius
 Henry Estienne
 William Caxton
 Benjamin Franklin
 Colard Mansion
 Aldus Manutius
 Francysk Skaryna
 Ottaviano Petrucci
 Christoffel Plantijn
 Johann Froben
 Hieronymus Froben
 Wright Brothers
 Charlotte Guillard
 William Bradford
 Jacob Meghapart
 Grigor Marzuantsi
 Mkhitar Sebastatsi
 Voskan Yerevantsi

Printers

diq:Neşırxaney
Kristina Bernadette Cojuangco Aquino (born February 14, 1971) is a Filipino actress and television host. She is the fourth daughter of Former President Corazon Aquino and Former senator Ninoy Aquino and sister of president Benigno Aquino III.

1971 births
Living people
Filipino actors
Corazon Aquino
First Ladies and First Gentlemen of the Philippines
List of human infectious diseases arranged by name.

List of infectious diseases in humans

Related pages
 Lists of diseases
 Infectious disease
 Virus diseases
 List of infectious diseases causing flu-like syndrome
 Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
 List of ICD-9 codes 001-139: infectious and parasitic diseases

References 

 Chin J. B., ed. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. 17th ed. APHA [American Public Health Association] Press; 2000. 
 Red Book: 2009 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 2009. American Academy of Pediatrics. 28th ed. 
 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov. Retrieved on August 4, 2009.

Infectious diseases
The University of  Melbourne is  in Melbourne, Victoria. Opened in 1853, it is the second oldest university in Australia, and the oldest in Victoria. The  main campus is in Parkville, just north of the Melbourne CBD. It has several other campuses across Victoria. It has one of the largest financial endowments of any Australian university, standing at $1.105bn as of 2008.

Public recognition
Melbourne is one of the top universities in Australia and the world. In Australia it has a leading position in business, education, engineering, arts, law and medicine. It is the second largest research organisation in Australia after the CSIRO. In 2008, it spent AU$653.7m on research.
Students and staff
The university has over 35,000 students, and nearly 7,200 staff members. In 2008 it changed the way it organized its courses. This to be like way American and European universities work. The idea was to link to the European Union's Bologna process and get international acceptance for its degrees. many people were unhappy with these changes. Professor Glyn Davis AC is Melbourne's current vice-chancellor.

History

Melbourne University was started by the Victorian Parliament in 1853. Classes began in 1855  with three professors and 16 students. The buildings were officially opened by the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Victoria, Sir Charles Hotham,  on 3 October 1855. The first chancellor, Redmond Barry (later Sir Redmond), held the position until his death in 1880. 

At first all the buildings were built in the gothic revival style. In the 1950s a modernist style was started as the new "house style", resulting in the mix of university buildings seen today.
The opening of the university was made possible by the wealth coming from the Victorian gold rush. The university was to be a "civilising influence" at a time of rapid settlement and commercial growth (Selleck, 2003). It was not a religious university and was not allowed to offer in degrees in divinity. The churches could only build colleges on only the northern edge. The local population wanted 'useful' subjects like law, not 'useless' subjects like classics. The people of Melbourne won this argument, and law was introduced in 1857, and medicine and engineering in the 1860s. Women were let into courses in 1881.

In 1902 the university was bankrupt when it was found out that the man in charge of the university's money, Frederick Dickson, had stolen ₤24,000. The university's annual budget was £15,000. Dickson was jailed for seven years. This resulted in a royal commission that came up with new ways of funding, and new courses including agriculture and education.
After World War II, there were more students wanting to go to a university and Melbourne University became much larger and more inclusive.

The 150th anniversary was celebrated in 2003.

Related books
 Selleck, R.J.W. (2003). The Shop: The University of Melbourne,  1850–1939. Melbourne: University of Melbourne Press. 930pp
 Poynter, John & Rasmussen, Carolyn (1996). A Place Apart – The University of Melbourne: Decades of Challenge. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press. ISBN 0-522-84584-3.
 Macintyre, S. & Selleck, R.J.W. (2003). A short history of the University of Melbourne. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press. ISBN 0-522-85058-8.

References

1853 establishments in Oceania
1850s establishments in Australia
Buildings and structures in Melbourne
Colleges and universities in Australia
Fabiano Luigi Caruana, (born 30 July 1992 in Miami, Florida), is a chess grandmaster. He has dual citizenship of Italy and the United States. Fabiano plays for Italy in team events.

He became a grandmaster at the age of 14 years, 11 months and 20 days, making him the youngest grandmaster in the history of Italy and the United States.  Fabiano won the 2018 Candidates Tournament, which gave him the chance to play Magnus Carlsen for the title of World Chess Champion.
Caruana and Carlsen played 12 games using Classical time controls. All of these games ended in a draw. This is the only time in the history of the world chess championship that all classical games have ended in a draw. On 28 November, rapid chess was used as a tie-breaker; Caruana lost three games in a row, and Carlsen kept his title as World Chess Champion.

References 

1992 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Miami
American chess players
Italian sportspeople
Chess grandmasters
A twig is a small, thin branch. people can study twigs to identify plants, especially in winter when they have no leaves.

References 

Trees
The 97th edition of the Tour de France took place from 3 to 25 July. The winner was Andy Schleck, because Alberto Contador was disqualified.

Stages 

The Prologue is held in Rotterdam in the Netherlands. After Amsterdam in 1954, Scheveningen in 1973, Leiden in 1978 and s'Hertogenbosch in 1996, Rotterdam is the fifth city in the Netherlands to have hosted the start of the Tour de France.

Classification leadership

Current classification

As of 10 July, 2010

General Classification

Points Classification

Mountains Classification

Best Young Riders' Classification

Team Classification

List of paticipants 

As of 1st July.

Race Rules

Prices

During this Tour de France, 3,27 million € are distributed. At the start, each team receives 51 243 €. In return, each team presents in the arrival with at least seven riders obtained a prime of 1 600 € per rider present.

Rules

 Helmets are obligatory for all stages.

Yellow Jersey