// File: contracts/PixelDucks.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
  bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

  /**
   * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
   */
  function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
    // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
    // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

    if (value == 0) {
      return "0";
    }
    uint256 temp = value;
    uint256 digits;
    while (temp != 0) {
      digits++;
      temp /= 10;
    }
    bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
    while (value != 0) {
      digits -= 1;
      buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
      value /= 10;
    }
    return string(buffer);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
   */
  function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
    if (value == 0) {
      return "0x00";
    }
    uint256 temp = value;
    uint256 length = 0;
    while (temp != 0) {
      length++;
      temp >>= 8;
    }
    return toHexString(value, length);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
   */
  function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
    bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
    buffer[0] = "0";
    buffer[1] = "x";
    for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
      buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
      value >>= 4;
    }
    require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
    return string(buffer);
  }
}

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
  /**
   * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
   *
   * [IMPORTANT]
   * ====
   * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
   * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
   *
   * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
   * types of addresses:
   *
   *  - an externally-owned account
   *  - a contract in construction
   *  - an address where a contract will be created
   *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
   * ====
   *
   * [IMPORTANT]
   * ====
   * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
   *
   * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
   * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
   * constructor.
   * ====
   */
  function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
    // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
    // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
    // of the constructor execution.

    return account.code.length > 0;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
   * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
   *
   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
   * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
   * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
   * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
   *
   * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
   *
   * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
   * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
   * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
   * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
   */
  function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
    require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

    (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
    require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
   * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
   * function instead.
   *
   * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
   * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
   *
   * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
   * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `target` must be a contract.
   * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
    return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
   * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function functionCall(
    address target,
    bytes memory data,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
    return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
   * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
   * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function functionCallWithValue(
    address target,
    bytes memory data,
    uint256 value
  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
    return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
   * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function functionCallWithValue(
    address target,
    bytes memory data,
    uint256 value,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
    require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
    require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

    (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
    return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
   * but performing a static call.
   *
   * _Available since v3.3._
   */
  function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data)
    internal
    view
    returns (bytes memory)
  {
    return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
   * but performing a static call.
   *
   * _Available since v3.3._
   */
  function functionStaticCall(
    address target,
    bytes memory data,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
    require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

    (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
    return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
   * but performing a delegate call.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
    return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
   * but performing a delegate call.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function functionDelegateCall(
    address target,
    bytes memory data,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
    require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

    (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
    return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
   * revert reason using the provided one.
   *
   * _Available since v4.3._
   */
  function verifyCallResult(
    bool success,
    bytes memory returndata,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
    if (success) {
      return returndata;
    } else {
      // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
      if (returndata.length > 0) {
        // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

        assembly {
          let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
          revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
        }
      } else {
        revert(errorMessage);
      }
    }
  }
}

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations.
 *
 * NOTE: `SafeMath` is generally not needed starting with Solidity 0.8, since the compiler
 * now has built in overflow checking.
 */
library SafeMath {
  /**
   * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
    unchecked {
      uint256 c = a + b;
      if (c < a) return (false, 0);
      return (true, c);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the substraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
    unchecked {
      if (b > a) return (false, 0);
      return (true, a - b);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
    unchecked {
      // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
      // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
      // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
      if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
      uint256 c = a * b;
      if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
      return (true, c);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
    unchecked {
      if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
      return (true, a / b);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
   *
   * _Available since v3.4._
   */
  function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
    unchecked {
      if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
      return (true, a % b);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
   * overflow.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - Addition cannot overflow.
   */
  function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return a + b;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
   * overflow (when the result is negative).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
   */
  function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return a - b;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
   * overflow.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
   */
  function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return a * b;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting on
   * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The divisor cannot be zero.
   */
  function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return a / b;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
   * reverting when dividing by zero.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
   * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
   * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The divisor cannot be zero.
   */
  function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return a % b;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
   * overflow (when the result is negative).
   *
   * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
   * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {trySub}.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
   */
  function sub(
    uint256 a,
    uint256 b,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    unchecked {
      require(b <= a, errorMessage);
      return a - b;
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
   * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
   * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
   * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The divisor cannot be zero.
   */
  function div(
    uint256 a,
    uint256 b,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    unchecked {
      require(b > 0, errorMessage);
      return a / b;
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
   * reverting with custom message when dividing by zero.
   *
   * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
   * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryMod}.
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
   * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
   * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The divisor cannot be zero.
   */
  function mod(
    uint256 a,
    uint256 b,
    string memory errorMessage
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    unchecked {
      require(b > 0, errorMessage);
      return a % b;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
  function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
    return msg.sender;
  }

  function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
    return msg.data;
  }
}

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
  /**
   * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
   * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
   * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
   * to learn more about how these ids are created.
   *
   * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
   */
  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
   */
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
   */
  event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
   */
  event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

  /**
   * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
   */
  function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

  /**
   * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   */
  function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

  /**
   * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
   * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
   * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) external;

  /**
   * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
   *
   * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
   * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function transferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) external;

  /**
   * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
   * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
   *
   * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event.
   */
  function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

  /**
   * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   */
  function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

  /**
   * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
   * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
   *
   * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
   */
  function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;

  /**
   * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
   *
   * See {setApprovalForAll}
   */
  function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);

  /**
   * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
   * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes calldata data
  ) external;
}

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
  /**
   * @dev Returns the token collection name.
   */
  function name() external view returns (string memory);

  /**
   * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
   */
  function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

  /**
   * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
   */
  function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
  /**
   * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
   */
  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
    return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
  }
}

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
interface IERC721Receiver {
  /**
   * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
   * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
   *
   * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
   * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
   *
   * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721.onERC721Received.selector`.
   */
  function onERC721Received(
    address operator,
    address from,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes calldata data
  ) external returns (bytes4);
}

abstract contract Ownable is Context {
  address private _owner;

  event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

  /**
   * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
   */
  constructor() {
    _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
   */
  function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
    return _owner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
   * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
   *
   * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
   * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
    _transferOwnership(address(0));
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
   * Can only be called by the current owner.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
    require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
    _transferOwnership(newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
   * Internal function without access restriction.
   */
  function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
    address oldOwner = _owner;
    _owner = newOwner;
    emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
  }
}

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional enumeration extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721Enumerable is IERC721 {
  /**
   * @dev Returns the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
   */
  function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @dev Returns a token ID owned by `owner` at a given `index` of its token list.
   * Use along with {balanceOf} to enumerate all of ``owner``'s tokens.
   */
  function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @dev Returns a token ID at a given `index` of all the tokens stored by the contract.
   * Use along with {totalSupply} to enumerate all tokens.
   */
  function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);
}

/**
 * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
 * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
 * {ERC721Enumerable}.
 */
contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata {
  using Address for address;
  using Strings for uint256;

  // Token name
  string private _name;

  // Token symbol
  string private _symbol;

  // Mapping from token ID to owner address
  mapping(uint256 => address) private _owners;

  // Mapping owner address to token count
  mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

  // Mapping from token ID to approved address
  mapping(uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

  // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
  mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

  /**
   * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
   */
  constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
    _name = name_;
    _symbol = symbol_;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
   */
  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override(ERC165, IERC165)
    returns (bool)
  {
    return
      interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId ||
      interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId ||
      super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
   */
  function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
    require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");
    return _balances[owner];
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
   */
  function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
    address owner = _owners[tokenId];
    require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");
    return owner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
   */
  function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
    return _name;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
   */
  function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
    return _symbol;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
   */
  function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
    require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI query for nonexistent token");

    string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
    return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, tokenId.toString())) : "";
  }

  /**
   * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
   * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
   * by default, can be overriden in child contracts.
   */
  function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
    return "";
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
   */
  function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
    address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
    require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

    require(
      _msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
      "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
    );

    _approve(to, tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
   */
  function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
    require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");

    return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
   */
  function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
    _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
   */
  function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override
    returns (bool)
  {
    return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
   */
  function transferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) public virtual override {
    //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
    require(
      _isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId),
      "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved"
    );

    _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) public virtual override {
    safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes memory _data
  ) public virtual override {
    require(
      _isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId),
      "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved"
    );
    _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, _data);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
   * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
   *
   * `_data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
   *
   * This internal function is equivalent to {safeTransferFrom}, and can be used to e.g.
   * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
   * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function _safeTransfer(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes memory _data
  ) internal virtual {
    _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    require(
      _checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data),
      "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer"
    );
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
   *
   * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
   *
   * Tokens start existing when they are minted (`_mint`),
   * and stop existing when they are burned (`_burn`).
   */
  function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
    return _owners[tokenId] != address(0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `tokenId`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   */
  function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId)
    internal
    view
    virtual
    returns (bool)
  {
    require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
    address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
    return (spender == owner ||
      getApproved(tokenId) == spender ||
      isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
  }

  /**
   * @dev Safely mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must not exist.
   * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
    _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
   * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
   */
  function _safeMint(
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes memory _data
  ) internal virtual {
    _mint(to, tokenId);
    require(
      _checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, _data),
      "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer"
    );
  }

  /**
   * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
   *
   * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must not exist.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
    require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
    require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

    _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

    _balances[to] += 1;
    _owners[tokenId] = to;

    emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

    _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
   * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `tokenId` must exist.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
    address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);

    _beforeTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

    // Clear approvals
    _approve(address(0), tokenId);

    _balances[owner] -= 1;
    delete _owners[tokenId];

    emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

    _afterTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
   *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function _transfer(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) internal virtual {
    require(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer from incorrect owner");
    require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

    _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

    // Clear approvals from the previous owner
    _approve(address(0), tokenId);

    _balances[from] -= 1;
    _balances[to] += 1;
    _owners[tokenId] = to;

    emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);

    _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
   *
   * Emits a {Approval} event.
   */
  function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
    _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
    emit Approval(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId), to, tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
   *
   * Emits a {ApprovalForAll} event.
   */
  function _setApprovalForAll(
    address owner,
    address operator,
    bool approved
  ) internal virtual {
    require(owner != operator, "ERC721: approve to caller");
    _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
    emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
   * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
   *
   * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
   * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
   * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
   * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
   * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
   */
  function _checkOnERC721Received(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId,
    bytes memory _data
  ) private returns (bool) {
    if (to.isContract()) {
      try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, _data) returns (
        bytes4 retval
      ) {
        return retval == IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector;
      } catch (bytes memory reason) {
        if (reason.length == 0) {
          revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
        } else {
          assembly {
            revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      return true;
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
   * and burning.
   *
   * Calling conditions:
   *
   * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be
   * transferred to `to`.
   * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
   * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.
   * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
   *
   * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
   */
  function _beforeTokenTransfer(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) internal virtual {}

  /**
   * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
   * minting and burning.
   *
   * Calling conditions:
   *
   * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero.
   * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
   *
   * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
   */
  function _afterTokenTransfer(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) internal virtual {}
}

/**
 * @dev This implements an optional extension of {ERC721} defined in the EIP that adds
 * enumerability of all the token ids in the contract as well as all token ids owned by each
 * account.
 */
abstract contract ERC721Enumerable is ERC721, IERC721Enumerable {
  // Mapping from owner to list of owned token IDs
  mapping(address => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) private _ownedTokens;

  // Mapping from token ID to index of the owner tokens list
  mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _ownedTokensIndex;

  // Array with all token ids, used for enumeration
  uint256[] private _allTokens;

  // Mapping from token id to position in the allTokens array
  mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _allTokensIndex;

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
   */
  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override(IERC165, ERC721)
    returns (bool)
  {
    return
      interfaceId == type(IERC721Enumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-tokenOfOwnerByIndex}.
   */
  function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override
    returns (uint256)
  {
    require(index < ERC721.balanceOf(owner), "ERC721Enumerable: owner index out of bounds");
    return _ownedTokens[owner][index];
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-totalSupply}.
   */
  function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
    return _allTokens.length;
  }

  /**
   * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-tokenByIndex}.
   */
  function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
    require(index < ERC721Enumerable.totalSupply(), "ERC721Enumerable: global index out of bounds");
    return _allTokens[index];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
   * and burning.
   *
   * Calling conditions:
   *
   * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be
   * transferred to `to`.
   * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
   * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.
   * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
   * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
   *
   * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
   */
  function _beforeTokenTransfer(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) internal virtual override {
    super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

    if (from == address(0)) {
      _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
    } else if (from != to) {
      _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(from, tokenId);
    }
    if (to == address(0)) {
      _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
    } else if (to != from) {
      _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's ownership-tracking data structures.
   * @param to address representing the new owner of the given token ID
   * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list of the given address
   */
  function _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(address to, uint256 tokenId) private {
    uint256 length = ERC721.balanceOf(to);
    _ownedTokens[to][length] = tokenId;
    _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = length;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's token tracking data structures.
   * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list
   */
  function _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
    _allTokensIndex[tokenId] = _allTokens.length;
    _allTokens.push(tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's ownership-tracking data structures. Note that
   * while the token is not assigned a new owner, the `_ownedTokensIndex` mapping is _not_ updated: this allows for
   * gas optimizations e.g. when performing a transfer operation (avoiding double writes).
   * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _ownedTokens array.
   * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
   * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list of the given address
   */
  function _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(address from, uint256 tokenId) private {
    // To prevent a gap in from's tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
    // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

    uint256 lastTokenIndex = ERC721.balanceOf(from) - 1;
    uint256 tokenIndex = _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];

    // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary
    if (tokenIndex != lastTokenIndex) {
      uint256 lastTokenId = _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];

      _ownedTokens[from][tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
      _ownedTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index
    }

    // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
    delete _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];
    delete _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's token tracking data structures.
   * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _allTokens array.
   * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list
   */
  function _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
    // To prevent a gap in the tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
    // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

    uint256 lastTokenIndex = _allTokens.length - 1;
    uint256 tokenIndex = _allTokensIndex[tokenId];

    // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary. However, since this occurs so
    // rarely (when the last minted token is burnt) that we still do the swap here to avoid the gas cost of adding
    // an 'if' statement (like in _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration)
    uint256 lastTokenId = _allTokens[lastTokenIndex];

    _allTokens[tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
    _allTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index

    // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
    delete _allTokensIndex[tokenId];
    _allTokens.pop();
  }
}

contract PixelDucks721 is ERC721, ERC721Enumerable, Ownable {
  using SafeMath for uint256;
  using Strings for uint256;

  // Locked         - 0
  // Open           - 1
  // Ended          - 2
  enum SalePhase {
    WaitingToStart,
    InProgress,
    Finished
  }

  string private _baseURIextended;

  uint256 public constant MAX_TOKENS_PER_MINT = 50;
  uint256 public constant MAX_TOKENS = 1830;

  uint256 public tokenMintPrice = 0.005 ether; // 0.005 ETH initial

  bool public metadataIsFrozen;

  SalePhase public phase;

  constructor() ERC721("Pixel Ducks", "PIXD") {}

  // /// Freezes the metadata
  // /// @dev sets the state of `metadataIsFrozen` to true
  // /// @notice permamently freezes the metadata so that no more changes are possible
  function freezeMetadata() external onlyOwner {
    // require(!metadataIsFrozen, "Metadata is already frozen");
    metadataIsFrozen = true;
  }

  // /// Adjust the mint price
  // /// @dev modifies the state of the `mintPrice` variable
  // /// @notice sets the price for minting a token
  // /// @param newPrice_ The new price for minting
  function adjustMintPrice(uint256 newPrice_) external onlyOwner {
    tokenMintPrice = newPrice_;
  }

  // /// Advance Phase
  // /// @dev Advance the sale phase state
  // /// @notice Advances sale phase state incrementally

  function enterNextPhase(SalePhase phase_) external onlyOwner {
    require(
      uint8(phase_) == uint8(phase) + 1 && (uint8(phase_) >= 0 && uint8(phase_) <= 2),
      "can only advance phases"
    );

    phase = phase_;
  }

  /// Disburse payments
  /// @dev transfers amounts that correspond to addresses passeed in as args
  /// @param payees_ recipient addresses
  /// @param amounts_ amount to payout to address with corresponding index in the `payees_` array
  function disbursePayments(address[] memory payees_, uint256[] memory amounts_)
    external
    onlyOwner
  {
    require(payees_.length == amounts_.length, "Payees and amounts length mismatch");

    for (uint256 i; i < payees_.length; i++) {
      makePaymentTo(payees_[i], amounts_[i]);
    }
  }

  /// Make a payment
  /// @dev internal fn called by `disbursePayments` to send Ether to an address
  function makePaymentTo(address address_, uint256 amt_) private {
    (bool success, ) = address_.call{value: amt_}("");
    require(success, "Transfer failed.");
  }

  function _beforeTokenTransfer(
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 tokenId
  ) internal override(ERC721, ERC721Enumerable) {
    super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);
  }

  function _baseURI() internal view virtual override returns (string memory) {
    return _baseURIextended;
  }

  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
    public
    view
    virtual
    override(ERC721, ERC721Enumerable)
    returns (bool)
  {
    return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
  }

  function setBaseURI(string memory baseURI_) external onlyOwner {
    require(!metadataIsFrozen, "Metadata is permanently frozen");
    _baseURIextended = baseURI_;
  }

  function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
    require(_exists(tokenId), "URI query for nonexistent token");

    string memory currentBaseURI = _baseURI();
    return
      bytes(currentBaseURI).length > 0
        ? string(abi.encodePacked(currentBaseURI, tokenId.toString(), ".json"))
        : "";
  }

  function mint(uint256 numberOfTokens) public payable {
    require(uint8(phase) == 1, "Sale not active.");
    require(numberOfTokens <= MAX_TOKENS_PER_MINT, "Reached Max to MINT per Purchase");
    require(numberOfTokens + totalSupply() <= MAX_TOKENS, "Reached Max Allowed to Buy.");
    require(tokenMintPrice * numberOfTokens <= msg.value, "Ether is not enough.");

    for (uint256 i = 0; i < numberOfTokens; i++) {
      uint256 mintIndex = totalSupply() + 1;

      if (mintIndex <= MAX_TOKENS) {
        _safeMint(msg.sender, mintIndex);
      }
    }
  }
}