// File: contracts_cart/CartPoolFactory.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.10;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "./interfaces/IPool.sol";

/**
 * @title CART Pool Factory
 *
 * @notice CART Pool Factory manages CART Yield farming pools, provides a single
 *      public interface to access the pools, provides an interface for the pools
 *      to mint yield rewards, access pool-related info, update weights, etc.
 *
 * @notice The factory is authorized (via its owner) to register new pools, change weights
 *      of the existing pools, removing the pools (by changing their weights to zero)
 *
 * @dev The factory requires ROLE_TOKEN_CREATOR permission on the CART token to mint yield
 *      (see `mintYieldTo` function)
 *
 */
contract CartPoolFactory is Ownable, ReentrancyGuard {
    /**
     * @dev Smart contract unique identifier, a random number
     * @dev Should be regenerated each time smart contact source code is changed
     *      and changes smart contract itself is to be redeployed
     * @dev Generated using https://www.random.org/bytes/
     */
    uint256 public constant FACTORY_UID = 0xb77099a6d99df5887a6108e413b3c6dfe0c11a1583c9d9b3cd08bfb8ca996aef;

    /// @dev Link to CART STREET ERC20 Token instance
    address public immutable CART;

    /// @dev Auxiliary data structure used only in getPoolData() view function
    struct PoolData {
        // @dev pool token address (like CART)
        address poolToken;
        // @dev pool address (like deployed core pool instance)
        address poolAddress;
        // @dev pool weight (200 for CART pools, 800 for CART/ETH pools - set during deployment)
        uint256 weight;
        // @dev flash pool flag
        bool isFlashPool;
    }

    /**
     * @dev CART/block determines yield farming reward base
     *      used by the yield pools controlled by the factory
     */
    uint256 public cartPerBlock;

    /**
     * @dev The yield is distributed proportionally to pool weights;
     *      total weight is here to help in determining the proportion
     */
    uint256 public totalWeight;

    /**
     * @dev End block is the last block when CART/block can be decreased;
     *      it is implied that yield farming stops after that block
     */
    uint256 public endBlock;

    /// @dev Maps pool token address (like CART) -> pool address (like core pool instance)
    mapping(address => address) public pools;

    /// @dev Keeps track of registered pool addresses, maps pool address -> exists flag
    mapping(address => bool) public poolExists;

    /**
     * @dev Fired in createPool() and registerPool()
     *
     * @param _by an address which executed an action
     * @param poolToken pool token address (like CART)
     * @param poolAddress deployed pool instance address
     * @param weight pool weight
     * @param isFlashPool flag indicating if pool is a flash pool
     */
    event PoolRegistered(
        address indexed _by,
        address indexed poolToken,
        address indexed poolAddress,
        uint256 weight,
        bool isFlashPool
    );

    /**
     * @dev Fired in changePoolWeight()
     *
     * @param _by an address which executed an action
     * @param poolAddress deployed pool instance address
     * @param weight new pool weight
     */
    event WeightUpdated(address indexed _by, address indexed poolAddress, uint256 weight);

    /**
     * @dev Fired in updateCartPerBlock()
     *
     * @param _by an address which executed an action
     * @param newCartPerBlock new CART/block value
     */
    event CartRatioUpdated(address indexed _by, uint256 newCartPerBlock);

    /**
     * @dev Fired in mintYieldTo()
     *
     * @param _to an address to mint tokens to
     * @param amount amount of CART tokens to mint
     */
    event MintYield(address indexed _to, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @dev Creates/deploys a factory instance
     *
     * @param _cart CART ERC20 token address
     * @param _cartPerBlock initial CART/block value for rewards
     * @param _endBlock block number when farming stops and rewards cannot be updated anymore
     */
    constructor(
        address _cart,
        uint256 _cartPerBlock,
        uint256 _endBlock
    ) {
        // verify the inputs are set
        require(_cart != address(0) , "CART is invalid");
        require(_cartPerBlock > 0, "CART/block not set");

        // save the inputs into internal state variables
        CART = _cart;
        cartPerBlock = _cartPerBlock;
        endBlock = _endBlock;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Given a pool token retrieves corresponding pool address
     *
     * @dev A shortcut for `pools` mapping
     *
     * @param poolToken pool token address (like CART) to query pool address for
     * @return pool address for the token specified
     */
    function getPoolAddress(address poolToken) external view returns (address) {
        // read the mapping and return
        return pools[poolToken];
    }

    /**
     * @notice Reads pool information for the pool defined by its pool token address,
     *      designed to simplify integration with the front ends
     *
     * @param _poolToken pool token address to query pool information for
     * @return pool information packed in a PoolData struct
     */
    function getPoolData(address _poolToken) external view returns (PoolData memory) {
        // get the pool address from the mapping
        address poolAddr = pools[_poolToken];

        // throw if there is no pool registered for the token specified
        require(poolAddr != address(0), "pool not found");

        // read pool information from the pool smart contract
        // via the pool interface (IPool)
        bool isFlashPool = IPool(poolAddr).isFlashPool();
        uint256 weight = IPool(poolAddr).weight();

        // create the in-memory structure and return it
        return PoolData({ poolToken: _poolToken, poolAddress: poolAddr, weight: weight, isFlashPool: isFlashPool });
    }

    /**
     * @dev Registers an already deployed pool instance within the factory
     *
     * @dev Can be executed by the pool factory owner only
     *
     * @param poolAddr address of the already deployed pool instance
     */
    function registerPool(address poolAddr) external onlyOwner {
        // read pool information from the pool smart contract
        // via the pool interface (IPool)
        address poolToken = IPool(poolAddr).poolToken();
        bool isFlashPool = IPool(poolAddr).isFlashPool();
        uint256 weight = IPool(poolAddr).weight();

        // ensure that the pool is not already registered within the factory
        require(pools[poolToken] == address(0), "this pool is already registered");

        // create pool structure, register it within the factory
        pools[poolToken] = poolAddr;
        poolExists[poolAddr] = true;
        // update total pool weight of the factory
        totalWeight += weight;

        // emit an event
        emit PoolRegistered(msg.sender, poolToken, poolAddr, weight, isFlashPool);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints CART tokens; executed by CART Pool only
     *
     * @dev Requires factory to have ROLE_TOKEN_CREATOR permission
     *      on the CART ERC20 token instance
     *
     * @param _to an address to mint tokens to
     * @param _amount amount of CART tokens to mint
     */
    function mintYieldTo(address _to, uint256 _amount) external {
        // verify that sender is a pool registered withing the factory
        require(poolExists[msg.sender], "access denied");

        // transfer CART tokens as required
        transferCartToken(_to, _amount);

        emit MintYield(_to, _amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the weight of the pool;
     *      executed by the pool itself or by the factory owner
     *
     * @param poolAddr address of the pool to change weight for
     * @param weight new weight value to set to
     */
    function changePoolWeight(address poolAddr, uint256 weight) external {
        // verify function is executed either by factory owner or by the pool itself
        require(msg.sender == owner() || poolExists[msg.sender]);

        // recalculate total weight
        totalWeight = totalWeight + weight - IPool(poolAddr).weight();

        // set the new pool weight
        IPool(poolAddr).setWeight(weight);

        // emit an event
        emit WeightUpdated(msg.sender, poolAddr, weight);
    }

    /**
     * @dev set NFT Info of the pool;
     *      executed by the pool itself or by the factory owner
     *
     * @param poolAddr address of the pool to change NFT Info
     * @param nftAddress address of NFT
     * @param nftWeight weight of NFT
     */
    function setNFTWeight(address poolAddr, address nftAddress, uint256 nftWeight) external {
        // verify function is executed either by factory owner or by the pool itself
        require(msg.sender == owner() || poolExists[msg.sender]);

        // set the new NFT Info
        IPool(poolAddr).NFTWeightUpdated(nftAddress, nftWeight);
    }

    /**
     * @dev set new stake weight multiplier
     *      executed by the factory owner

     ** @param poolAddr address of the pool to change weight multiplier
     * @param _newWeightMultiplier  new stake weight multiplier
     */
    function setWeightMultiplier(address poolAddr, uint256 _newWeightMultiplier) external {
        // verify function is executed either by factory owner
        require(msg.sender == owner());
        // set the new weight multiplier
        IPool(poolAddr).setWeightMultiplierbyFactory(_newWeightMultiplier);
    }

    /**
     * @dev set new cartPerBlock
     *      executed by the factory owner
     *
     * @param _cartPerBlock  new CART/block value for rewards
     */
    function setCartPerBlock(uint256 _cartPerBlock) external {
        // verify function is executed either by factory owner
        require(msg.sender == owner());
        // set new CART/block value for rewards
        cartPerBlock = _cartPerBlock;
    }

    /**
     * @dev set new endBlock
     *      executed by the factory owner
     *
     * @param _endBlock  new endblock number, this number means when farming stops and rewards cannot be updated anymore
     */
    function setEndBlock(uint256 _endBlock) external {
        // verify function is executed either by factory owner
        require(msg.sender == owner());
        // verify block number
        require(_endBlock > block.number, "invalid end block: must be greater than current block");
        // set new endblock number
        endBlock = _endBlock;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Testing time-dependent functionality is difficult and the best way of
     *      doing it is to override block number in helper test smart contracts
     *
     * @return `block.number` in mainnet, custom values in testnets (if overridden)
     */
    function blockNumber() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        // return current block number
        return block.number;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Keeps track of registered pool addresses
     *
     * @param _pool pool address
     * @return bool  whether is pool Exists
     */
    function isPoolExists(address _pool) external view returns (bool) {
        return poolExists[_pool];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Executes SafeERC20.safeTransfer on a CART token
     *
     */
    function transferCartToken(address _to, uint256 _value) internal {
        // just delegate call to the target
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(CART), _to, _value);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Emergency withdraw specified amount of tokens, call only by owner
     *
     *
     * @dev Reentrancy safety enforced via `ReentrancyGuard.nonReentrant`
     *
     */
    function emergencyWithdraw() external nonReentrant {
        require(msg.sender == owner(), 'Access denied!');
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(CART), msg.sender, IERC20(CART).balanceOf(address(this)));
    }

}
// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (security/ReentrancyGuard.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.

    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;

    uint256 private _status;

    constructor() {
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _notEntered will be true
        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = _ENTERED;

        _;

        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    function safeTransfer(
        IERC20 token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        IERC20 token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    function safeIncreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    function safeDecreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // Return data is optional
            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    }
}

// File: contracts_cart/interfaces/IPool.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.10;

/**
* @dev Data structure representing token holder using a pool
*/
struct User {
    // @dev Total staked amount
    uint256 tokenAmount;
    // @dev Total reward amount
    uint256 rewardAmount;
    // @dev Total weight
    uint256 totalWeight;
    // @dev Auxiliary variable for yield calculation
    uint256 subYieldRewards;
    // @dev An array of holder's deposits
    Deposit[] deposits;
}

/**
* @dev Deposit is a key data structure used in staking,
*      it represents a unit of stake with its amount, weight and term (time interval)
*/
struct Deposit {
    // @dev token amount staked
    uint256 tokenAmount;
    // @dev stake weight
    uint256 weight;
    // @dev locking period - from
    uint64 lockedFrom;
    // @dev locking period - until
    uint64 lockedUntil;
    // @dev indicates if the stake was created as a yield reward
    bool isYield;
}

/**
 * @title Cart Pool
 *
 * @notice An abstraction representing a pool, see CARTPoolBase for details
 *
 */
interface IPool {
    
    // for the rest of the functions see Soldoc in CARTPoolBase
    function CART() external view returns (address);

    function poolToken() external view returns (address);

    function isFlashPool() external view returns (bool);

    function weight() external view returns (uint256);

    function lastYieldDistribution() external view returns (uint256);

    function yieldRewardsPerWeight() external view returns (uint256);

    function usersLockingWeight() external view returns (uint256);

    function weightMultiplier() external view returns (uint256);

    function balanceOf(address _user) external view returns (uint256);

    function getDepositsLength(address _user) external view returns (uint256);

    function getOriginDeposit(address _user, uint256 _depositId) external view returns (Deposit memory);

    function getUser(address _user) external view returns (User memory);

    function stake(
        uint256 _amount,
        uint64 _lockedUntil,
        address _nftAddress,
        uint256 _nftTokenId
    ) external;

    function unstake(
        uint256 _depositId,
        uint256 _amount
    ) external;

    function sync() external;

    function processRewards() external;

    function setWeight(uint256 _weight) external;

    function NFTWeightUpdated(address _nftAddress, uint256 _nftWeight) external;

    function setWeightMultiplierbyFactory(uint256 _newWeightMultiplier) external;

    function getNFTWeight(address _nftAddress) external view returns (uint256);

    function weightToReward(uint256 _weight, uint256 rewardPerWeight) external pure returns (uint256);

    function rewardToWeight(uint256 reward, uint256 rewardPerWeight) external pure returns (uint256);

}
// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(account)
        }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}