// File: contracts/ComicsByCookie.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^ 0.8.7;

import "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol";
import "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";

/*
🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪                                                                       
 ________  ________  _____ ______   ___  ________  ________              
|\   ____\|\   __  \|\   _ \  _   \|\  \|\   ____\|\   ____\             
\ \  \___|\ \  \|\  \ \  \\\__\ \  \ \  \ \  \___|\ \  \___|_            
 \ \  \    \ \  \\\  \ \  \\|__| \  \ \  \ \  \    \ \_____  \           
  \ \  \____\ \  \\\  \ \  \    \ \  \ \  \ \  \____\|____|\  \          
   \ \_______\ \_______\ \__\    \ \__\ \__\ \_______\____\_\  \         
    \|_______|\|_______|\|__|     \|__|\|__|\|_______|\_________\        
                                                     \|_________|        
                                                                         
                                                                         
                    ________      ___    ___                             
                   |\   __  \    |\  \  /  /|                            
                   \ \  \|\ /_   \ \  \/  / /                            
                    \ \   __  \   \ \    / /                             
                     \ \  \|\  \   \/  /  /                              
                      \ \_______\__/  / /                                
                       \|_______|\___/ /                                 
                                \|___|/                                  
                                                                         
                                                                         
              ________  ________  ________  ___  __    ___  _______      
             |\   ____\|\   __  \|\   __  \|\  \|\  \ |\  \|\  ___ \     
             \ \  \___|\ \  \|\  \ \  \|\  \ \  \/  /|\ \  \ \   __/|    
              \ \  \    \ \  \\\  \ \  \\\  \ \   ___  \ \  \ \  \_|/__  
               \ \  \____\ \  \\\  \ \  \\\  \ \  \\ \  \ \  \ \  \_|\ \ 
                \ \_______\ \_______\ \_______\ \__\\ \__\ \__\ \_______\
                 \|_______|\|_______|\|_______|\|__| \|__|\|__|\|_______|

🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪🍪
*/

contract ComicsByCookie is ERC1155, Ownable {
    string public name = "Comics by Cookie";
    string public symbol = "COOKE";
    string private ipfsCID = "QmYRj6hCPgJCGBjj4wXay1qJAedRXYBFpWePZdC5d2tR4a";
    string private hiddenCIDorURI = "";
    uint256 public collectionTotal = 1;
    uint256 public cost = 0.01 ether;
    uint256 public maxMintAmount = 2;
    uint256 public maxBatchMintAmount = 2;
    uint256 public whitelisterLimit = 2;

    bool public paused = true;
    bool public revealed = true;
    bool public mintInOrder = false;

    bool private useMintOnDate = false;
    uint public mintDateStart;

    uint256 public tokenNextToMint;
    mapping(uint => string) private tokenToURI;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private currentSupply;
    mapping(uint256 => bool) private hasMaxSupply;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) public maxSupply;
    mapping(uint256 => bool) private hasMaxSupplyForBatch;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) public maxSupplyForBatch;
    mapping(uint256 => bool) private createdToken;

    bool public roleInUse = false;
    mapping(uint256 => string) public role;
    uint256 public roleLimitMin;
    uint256 public roleLimitMax;

    mapping(uint256 => uint256[]) public requirementTokens;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256[]) public batchRequirementTokens;

    mapping(uint256 => bool) public flagged;
    mapping(address => bool) public restricted;

    uint256[] public collectionBatchEndID;
    string[] public ipfsCIDBatch;
    string[] public uriBatch;

    mapping(address => uint256) public holdersAmount;
    mapping(address => uint256) public claimBalance;

    bool public onlyWhitelisted = false;
    address[] public whitelistedAddresses;
    mapping(address => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) public whitelisterMintedPhaseBalance;
    uint256 public phaseForMint = 1;
    uint256 public costForWhitelisters = 0.01 ether;
    mapping(address => uint256) public whitelistTier;
    uint256[] public costTiers;
    uint256[] public whitelisterTierLimits;

    address payable public payments;
    address public projectLeader;
    address[] public admins;
    uint256 public devpayCount = 1;
    uint256 private devpayCountMax = 0;

    constructor() ERC1155(""){
        collectionBatchEndID.push(collectionTotal);
        ipfsCIDBatch.push(ipfsCID);
        uriBatch.push("");
        maxSupply[1] = 1000;
        hasMaxSupply[1] = true;
        createdToken[1] = true;
        currentSupply[1] = 1;
        tokenNextToMint = 2;
        _mint(msg.sender, 1, 1, "");

        costTiers.push(costForWhitelisters);
        whitelisterTierLimits.push(whitelisterLimit);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The contract developer's website.
     */
    function contractDev() public pure returns(string memory){
        string memory dev = unicode"🐸 https://www.halfsupershop.com/ 🐸";
        return dev;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the PAUSE state.
     * true = closed to Admin Only
     * false = open for Presale or Public
     */
    function pause(bool _state) public onlyAdmins {
        paused = _state;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the DATE to mint.
     * true = use date
     * false = don't use date
     * _unixDate = unix date used if true
     */
    function setMintDate(bool _state, uint _unixDate) public onlyAdmins {
        useMintOnDate = _state;
        if(_state){
            //future start date
            mintDateStart = _unixDate;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the roleInUse state allowing Mints to pick a role randomly.
     */
    function setRoleInUse(bool _state) public onlyAdmins {
        roleInUse = _state;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the minting phase.
     * Note: new phases resets the minted balance for all addresses
     */
    function setMintPhase(uint _phase) public onlyAdmins {
        phaseForMint = _phase;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the mintInOrder state.
     */
    function setMintInOrder(bool _state) public onlyAdmins {
        mintInOrder = _state;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the tokenNextToMint.
     */
    function setTokenNextToMint(uint _id) public onlyAdmins {
        tokenNextToMint = _id;
    }

    function _cost(address _user) public view returns(uint256){
        if (!checkIfAdmin()) {
            if (onlyWhitelisted && isWhitelisted(_user)) {
                if(whitelistTier[_user] == 0){
                    return costForWhitelisters;
                } 
                else{
                    return costTiers[whitelistTier[_user]];
                }
            }
            else{
                return cost;
            }
        }
        else{
            return 0;
        }
    }

    function checkOut(uint _amount) private {
        uint256 _freeAmount = (holdersAmount[msg.sender] - claimBalance[msg.sender]);
        if(_freeAmount >= _amount){
            _freeAmount = _amount;
        }
        if (!checkIfAdmin()) {
            if(useMintOnDate){
                require(block.timestamp >= mintDateStart, "Not Mint Date Yet");
            }
            
            if (onlyWhitelisted) {
                //Whitelisted Only Phase
                require(isWhitelisted(msg.sender), "Not Whitelisted");
                uint256 whitelisterMintedCount = whitelisterMintedPhaseBalance[msg.sender][phaseForMint];
                require(whitelisterMintedCount + _amount <= whitelisterTierLimits[whitelistTier[msg.sender]], "Exceeded Max Whitelist Mint Limit");
                require(msg.value >= ((_amount - _freeAmount) * _cost(msg.sender)), "Insufficient Funds");
                whitelisterMintedPhaseBalance[msg.sender][phaseForMint] += _amount;
            }
            else{
                //Public Phase
                require(msg.value >= (_amount * _cost(msg.sender)), "Insufficient Funds");
            }
            if(msg.value > 0 && devpayCount <= devpayCountMax){
                devpayCount += msg.value;
            }
        }
    }

    function checkOutScan(uint _id) private{
        if (!exists(_id)) {
            createdToken[_id] = true;
            flagged[_id] = false;
            if(mintInOrder){
                maxSupply[_id] = 1;
                hasMaxSupply[_id] = true;
                currentSupply[_id] = 1;
            }
        }

        if(roleInUse){
            role[_id] = randomRole();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allows Admins, Whitelisters, and Public to Mint NFTs in Order from 1-collectionTotal.
     */
    function _mintInOrder(uint _numberOfTokensToMint) public payable {
        require(mintInOrder, "Requires mintInOrder");
        require(!paused, "Paused");
        require(!exists(collectionTotal), "Sold Out");
        require(_numberOfTokensToMint + tokenNextToMint - 1 <= collectionTotal, "Please Lower Amount");

        checkOut(_numberOfTokensToMint);
        _mintBatchTo(msg.sender, _numberOfTokensToMint);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allows Admins to Mint NFTs in Order from 1-collectionTotal to an address.
     * Can only be called by Admins even while paused.
     */
    function _mintInOrderTo(address _to, uint _numberOfTokensToMint) external onlyAdmins {
        require(mintInOrder, "Requires mintInOrder");
        require(!exists(collectionTotal), "Sold Out");
        require(_numberOfTokensToMint + tokenNextToMint -1 <= collectionTotal, "Please Lower Amount");

        _mintBatchTo(_to, _numberOfTokensToMint);
    }

    function _mintBatchTo(address _to, uint _numberOfTokensToMint)private {
        uint256[] memory _ids = new uint256[](_numberOfTokensToMint);
        uint256[] memory _amounts = new uint256[](_numberOfTokensToMint);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _numberOfTokensToMint; i++) {
            uint256 _id = tokenNextToMint;
            
            checkOutScan(_id);

            _ids[i] = tokenNextToMint;
            _amounts[i] = 1;
            tokenNextToMint++;
        }

        if(holdersAmount[msg.sender] != 0){
            if(claimBalance[msg.sender] < holdersAmount[msg.sender]){
                claimBalance[msg.sender] += _numberOfTokensToMint;
            }

            if(claimBalance[msg.sender] >= holdersAmount[msg.sender]){
                claimBalance[msg.sender] = 0;
                holdersAmount[msg.sender] = 0;
            }
        }

        _mintBatch(_to, _ids, _amounts, "");
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Owner, Whitelisters, and Public to Mint a single NFT.
    */
    function mint(address _to, uint _id, uint _amount) public payable {
        require(!mintInOrder, "Requires mintInOrder False");
        require(!paused, "Paused");
        require(canMintChecker(_id, _amount), "CANNOT MINT");

        checkOut(_amount);
        checkOutScan(_id);
        currentSupply[_id] += _amount;
        
        _mint(_to, _id, _amount, "");
    }

    function canMintChecker(uint _id, uint _amount) private view returns(bool){
        if (hasMaxSupply[_id]) {
            if (_amount > 0 && _amount <= maxMintAmount && _id > 0 && _id <= collectionTotal && currentSupply[_id] + _amount <= maxSupply[_id]) {
                // CAN MINT
            }
            else {
                // CANNOT MINT 
                return false;
            }
        }
        else {
            if (_amount > 0 && _amount <= maxMintAmount && _id > 0 && _id <= collectionTotal) {
                // CAN MINT
            }
            else {
                // CANNOT MINT 
                return false;
            }
        }

        // checks if the id needs requirement token(s)
        if(requirementTokens[_id].length > 0) {
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < requirementTokens[_id].length; i++) {
                if(balanceOf(msg.sender, requirementTokens[_id][i]) <= 0){
                    //CANNOT MINT: DOES NOT HAVE REQUIREMENT TOKEN(S)
                    return false;
                }
                else{
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }

        // checks if the batch (other than the original) that the id resides in needs requirement token(s)
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < collectionBatchEndID.length; i++) {
            if(i != 0 && _id <= collectionBatchEndID[i] && _id > collectionBatchEndID[i - 1]){
                uint256 batchToCheck = collectionBatchEndID[i];
                if(batchRequirementTokens[batchToCheck].length > 0){
                    for (uint256 j = 0; j < batchRequirementTokens[batchToCheck].length; j++) {
                        if(balanceOf(msg.sender, batchRequirementTokens[batchToCheck][j]) <= 0){
                            //CANNOT MINT: DOES NOT HAVE REQUIREMENT TOKEN(S)
                            return false;
                        }
                        else{
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                }
                // checks if the batch the id resides in has a supply limit for each id in the batch
                if(hasMaxSupplyForBatch[batchToCheck]){
                    if (_amount > 0 && _amount <= maxMintAmount && _id > 0 && _id <= collectionTotal && currentSupply[_id] + _amount <= maxSupplyForBatch[batchToCheck]) {
                        // CAN MINT
                    }
                    else {
                        // CANNOT MINT 
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                else {
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Owner, Whitelisters, and Public to Mint multiple NFTs.
    */
    function mintBatch(address _to, uint[] memory _ids, uint[] memory _amounts) public payable {
        require(!mintInOrder, "Requires mintInOrder False");
        require(!paused, "Paused");
        require(_ids.length <= maxMintAmount, "Too Many IDs");
        require(_ids.length == _amounts.length, "IDs and Amounts Not Equal");
        require(canMintBatchChecker(_ids, _amounts), "CANNOT MINT BATCH");

        uint256 _totalBatchAmount;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _amounts.length; i++) {
            _totalBatchAmount += _amounts[i];
        }
        require(_totalBatchAmount <= maxBatchMintAmount, "Batch Amount Limit Exceeded");

        checkOut(_totalBatchAmount);
        
        for (uint256 k = 0; k < _ids.length; k++) {
            uint256 _id = _ids[k];
            checkOutScan(_id);
            currentSupply[_ids[k]] += _amounts[k];
        }

        _mintBatch(_to, _ids, _amounts, "");
    }

    function canMintBatchChecker(uint[] memory _ids, uint[] memory _amounts)private view returns(bool){
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 _id = _ids[i];
            uint256 _amount = _amounts[i];
            if(canMintChecker(_id, _amount)){
                //CAN MINT
            }
            else{
                // CANNOT MINT
                return false;
            }
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allows Admin to Mint a single NEW NFT.
     */
    function adminMint(address _to, uint _id, uint _amount) external onlyAdmins {
        require(!mintInOrder, "Requires mintInOrder False");
        checkOutScan(_id);
        currentSupply[_id] += _amount;
        _mint(_to, _id, _amount, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allows Admin to Mint multiple NEW NFTs.
     */
    function adminMintBatch(address _to, uint[] memory _ids, uint[] memory _amounts) external onlyAdmins {
        require(!mintInOrder, "Requires mintInOrder False");
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 _id = _ids[i];
            checkOutScan(_id);
            currentSupply[_id] += _amounts[i];
        }
        _mintBatch(_to, _ids, _amounts, "");
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows User to DESTROY a single token they own.
    */
    function burn(uint _id, uint _amount) external {
        currentSupply[_id] -= _amount;
        _burn(msg.sender, _id, _amount);
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows User to DESTROY multiple tokens they own.
    */
    function burnBatch(uint[] memory _ids, uint[] memory _amounts) external {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 _id = _ids[i];
            currentSupply[_id] -= _amounts[i];
        }
        _burnBatch(msg.sender, _ids, _amounts);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allows Admin to set the requirementTokens for a specified token ID or Batch end ID
     */
    function setRequirementTokens(uint _endID, bool _isBatch, uint[] memory _requiredIDS) external onlyAdmins {
        if(_isBatch){
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < collectionBatchEndID.length; i++) {
                if(collectionBatchEndID[i] == _endID){
                    // is confirmed a Batch
                    break;
                }
                if(collectionBatchEndID[i] == collectionBatchEndID[collectionBatchEndID.length - 1] && _endID != collectionBatchEndID[i]){
                    // is not a Batch
                    revert("_endID is not a Batch");
                }
            }
            batchRequirementTokens[_endID] = _requiredIDS;
        }
        else{
            requirementTokens[_endID] = _requiredIDS;
        }
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Admin to REVEAL the original collection.
    * Can only be called by the current owner once.
    * WARNING: Please ensure the CID is 100% correct before execution.
    */
    function reveal(string memory _CID) external onlyAdmins {
        require(!revealed, "Already Revealed");
        ipfsCID = _CID;
        ipfsCIDBatch[0] = _CID;
        revealed = true;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Admin to set the hidden URI or CID.
    * Note: _URIorCID must end with /
    */
    function setHiddenURIorCID(string memory _URIorCID) external onlyAdmins {
        hiddenCIDorURI = _URIorCID;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Admin to modify the URI or CID of a Batch.
    */
    function modifyURICID(uint _batchIndex, string memory _uri, bool _isIpfsCID) external onlyAdmins {
        if (_isIpfsCID) {
            //modify IPFS CID
            ipfsCIDBatch[_batchIndex] = _uri;
        }
        else{
            //modify URI
            uriBatch[_batchIndex] = _uri;
        }
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Admin to set the URI of a single token.
    *      Set _isIpfsCID to true if using only IPFS CID for the _uri.    
    */
    function setURI(uint _id, string memory _uri, bool _isIpfsCID) external onlyAdmins {
        if (_isIpfsCID) {
            string memory _uriIPFS = string(abi.encodePacked(
                "ipfs://",
                _uri,
                "/",
                Strings.toString(_id),
                ".json"
            ));

            tokenToURI[_id] = _uriIPFS;
            emit URI(_uriIPFS, _id);
        }
        else {
            tokenToURI[_id] = _uri;
            emit URI(_uri, _id);
        }
    }

    /**
    * @dev Allows Admin to create a new Batch and set the URI or CID of a single or batch of tokens.
    * Note: Previous Token URIs and or CIDs cannot be changed.
    *       Set _isIpfsCID to true if using only IPFS CID for the _uri.
    *       Example URI structure if _endBatchID = 55 and if _isIpfsCID = false and if _uri = BASEURI.EXTENSION
    *       will output: BASEURI.EXTENSION/55.json for IDs 55 and below until it hits another batch end ID
    */
    function createBatchAndSetURI(uint _endBatchID, string memory _uri, bool _isIpfsCID) external onlyAdmins {
        require(_endBatchID > collectionBatchEndID[collectionBatchEndID.length-1], "Last Batch ID must be greater than previous batch total");
        
        if (_isIpfsCID) {
            //set IPFS CID
            collectionBatchEndID.push(_endBatchID);
            ipfsCIDBatch.push(_uri);
            uriBatch.push("");
        }
        else{
            //set URI
            collectionBatchEndID.push(_endBatchID);
            uriBatch.push(_uri);
            ipfsCIDBatch.push("");
        }
        
    }

    function uri(uint256 _id) override public view returns(string memory){
        bool _batched = true;
        string memory _CIDorURI = string(abi.encodePacked(
            "ipfs://",
            ipfsCID,
            "/"
        ));
        string memory _HIDDEN = string(abi.encodePacked(
            hiddenCIDorURI,
            "hidden",
            ".json"
        ));

        if(createdToken[_id]){
            if (_id > 0 && _id <= collectionTotal) {
                if(!revealed){
                    //hidden
                    return _HIDDEN;
                }
                else{
                    if(keccak256(abi.encodePacked((tokenToURI[_id]))) != keccak256(abi.encodePacked(("")))){
                        return tokenToURI[_id];
                    }

                    for (uint256 i = 0; i < collectionBatchEndID.length; ++i) {
                        if(_id <= collectionBatchEndID[i]){
                            if(keccak256(abi.encodePacked((ipfsCIDBatch[i]))) != keccak256(abi.encodePacked(("")))){
                                _CIDorURI = string(abi.encodePacked(
                                    "ipfs://",
                                    ipfsCIDBatch[i],
                                    "/"
                                ));
                                break;
                            }
                            if(keccak256(abi.encodePacked((uriBatch[i]))) != keccak256(abi.encodePacked(("")))){
                                _CIDorURI = string(abi.encodePacked(
                                    uriBatch[i],
                                    "/"
                                ));
                                break;
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                        else{
                            //_id was not found in a batch
                            continue;
                        }
                    }

                    if(_id > collectionBatchEndID[collectionBatchEndID.length - 1]){
                        _batched = false;
                    }

                    if(_batched){
                        if(keccak256(abi.encodePacked((role[_id]))) == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(("")))){
                            //no role
                            return (
                            string(abi.encodePacked(
                                _CIDorURI,
                                Strings.toString(_id),
                                ".json"
                            )));
                        }
                        else{
                            //has role
                            return (
                            string(abi.encodePacked(
                                _CIDorURI,
                                role[_id],
                                ".json"
                            )));
                        }
                    }
                    else{
                        //no URI set default to hidden
                        return _HIDDEN;
                    }
                    
                }
            }
            //no URI set default to hidden
            return _HIDDEN;
        }
        else{
            //hidden
            return _HIDDEN;
        }
    }

    //"Randomly" returns a number >= roleLimitMin and <= roleLimitMax.
    function randomRole() internal view returns (string memory){
        uint random = uint(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
            block.timestamp,
            block.difficulty,
            msg.sender,
            tokenNextToMint,
            role[tokenNextToMint - 1])
            )) % roleLimitMax;
        //return random;
        if(random < roleLimitMin){
            return Strings.toString(roleLimitMax - (random + 1));
        }
        else{
            return Strings.toString(random + 1);
        }
    }

    function randomPick() public view returns (string memory _role){
        return randomRole();
    }

    function roleLimitSet(uint _min, uint _max) external onlyAdmins {
        roleLimitMin = _min;
        roleLimitMax = _max;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Total amount of tokens in with a given id.
    */
    function totalSupply(uint256 _id) public view returns(uint256) {
        return currentSupply[_id];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Indicates whether any token exist with a given id, or not.
     */
    function exists(uint256 _id) public view returns(bool) {
        return createdToken[_id];
    }

    /**
    * @dev Checks max supply of token with the given id.
    * Note: If 0 then supply is limitless.
    */
    function checkMaxSupply(uint256 _id) public view returns(uint256) {
        if(maxSupply[_id] != 0){
            return maxSupply[_id];
        }
        
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < collectionBatchEndID.length; i++) {
            if(_id != 0 && _id <= collectionBatchEndID[i] && _id > collectionBatchEndID[i - 1]){
                uint256 batchToCheck = collectionBatchEndID[i];
                if(maxSupplyForBatch[batchToCheck] != 0){
                    return maxSupplyForBatch[batchToCheck];
                }
                else{
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        
        // no Max Supply found ID has infinite supply
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set a supply limit.
     * Note: If 0 then supply is limitless.
     */
    function setMaxSupplies(uint[] memory _ids, uint[] memory _supplies, bool _isBatchAllSameSupply) external onlyAdmins {
        if(_isBatchAllSameSupply){
            uint256 _endBatchID = _ids[_ids.length - 1];
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < collectionBatchEndID.length; ++i) {
                if(_endBatchID == collectionBatchEndID[i]){
                    maxSupplyForBatch[_endBatchID] = _supplies[_supplies.length - 1];
                    if(_supplies[_supplies.length - 1] > 0){
                        // has a max limit
                        hasMaxSupplyForBatch[_endBatchID] = true;
                    }
                    else {
                        // infinite supply
                        hasMaxSupplyForBatch[_endBatchID] = false;
                    }                 
                }
            }
        }
        else{
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ids.length; i++) {
                uint256 _id = _ids[i];
                maxSupply[_id] += _supplies[i];
                if (_supplies[i] > 0) {
                    // has a max limit
                    hasMaxSupply[_id] = true;
                }
                else {
                    // infinite supply
                    hasMaxSupply[_id] = false;
                }
            }
        }
        
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can update the collection total to allow minting the newly added NFTs.
     */
    function updateCollectionTotal(uint _newCollectionTotal) external onlyAdmins {
        collectionTotal = _newCollectionTotal;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check if address is whitelisted.
     */
    function isWhitelisted(address _user) public view returns(bool) {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < whitelistedAddresses.length; i++) {
            if (whitelistedAddresses[i] == _user) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        if(holdersAmount[_user] != 0){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the amount of NFTs a user can mint in one session.
     */
    function setmaxMintAmount(uint256 _newmaxMintAmount) public onlyAdmins {
        maxMintAmount = _newmaxMintAmount;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the max amount of NFTs a whitelister can mint during presale.
     */
    function setNftPerWhitelisterLimit(uint256 _limit) public onlyAdmins {
        whitelisterLimit = _limit;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the PRESALE state.
     * true = presale ongoing for whitelisters only
     * false = sale open to public
     */
    function setOnlyWhitelisted(bool _state) public onlyAdmins {
        onlyWhitelisted = _state;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the addresses as whitelisters and assign an optional tier.
     * Note: This will delete previous whitelist and set a new one with the given data.
     *       All addresses have their tier set to 0 by default.
     *       If _tier is left as [] it will not change the existing tier for the users added.
     *       If only 1 number is in _tier it will assign all to that tier number.
     * Example: _users = ["0xADDRESS1", "0xADDRESS2", "0xADDRESS3"] _tier = [1,2,3]
     */
    function whitelistUsers(address[] calldata _users, uint[] memory _tier) public onlyAdmins {
        delete whitelistedAddresses;
        whitelistedAddresses = _users;

        if(_tier.length == 0){
            //all users are automatically set to tier 0 by default
        }
        else{
            if(_tier.length == 1){
                for (uint256 i = 0; i < _users.length; i++) {
                    whitelistTier[_users[i]] = _tier[0];
                }
            }
            else{
                whitelisterSetTier(_users, _tier);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the tier number for the addresses of whitelisters.
     * Example: _users = ["0xADDRESS1", "0xADDRESS2", "0xADDRESS3"] _tier = [1,2,3]
     */
    function whitelisterSetTier(address[] calldata _users, uint[] memory _tier) public onlyAdmins {
        require(_users.length == _tier.length, "Users Array Not Equal To Tier Array");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _users.length; i++) {
            whitelistTier[_users[i]] = _tier[i];
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the new cost in WEI.
     * 1 ETH = 10^18 WEI
     * Use http://etherscan.io/unitconverter for conversions.
     */
    function setCost(uint256 _newCost) public onlyAdmins {
        cost = _newCost;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the new cost in WEI for whitelist users.
     * Note: this cost is only in effect during whitelist only phase
     */
    function setCostForWhitelisted(uint256 _newCost) public onlyAdmins {
        costForWhitelisters = _newCost;
        costTiers[0] = _newCost;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the new cost tiers in WEI for whitelist users.
     * Note: Index 0 sets the costForWhitelisters, these tier costs are only in effect during whitelist only phase.
     */
    function setCostTiers(uint[] memory _tierCost) public onlyAdmins {
        delete costTiers;
        costTiers = _tierCost;
        costForWhitelisters = _tierCost[0];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the new limit tiers for whitelist users.
     * Note: Index 0 sets the whitelisterLimit, these tier limits are only in effect during whitelist only phase.
     */
    function setwhitelisterTierLimits(uint[] memory _tierLimit) public onlyAdmins {
        delete whitelisterTierLimits;
        whitelisterTierLimits = _tierLimit;
        whitelisterLimit = _tierLimit[0];
    }

    function whitelisterLimitGet(address _user) private view returns(uint256){
        if(holdersAmount[_user] != 0){
            return holdersAmount[_user] + whitelisterLimit;
        }
        if(whitelistTier[_user] == 0){
            return whitelisterLimit;
        } 
        else{
            return whitelisterTierLimits[whitelistTier[_user]];
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can set the payout address.
     */
    function setPayoutAddress(address _address) external onlyOwner{
        payments = payable(_address);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Admin can pull funds to the payout address.
     */
    function withdraw() public payable onlyAdmins {
        require(payments != 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, "Set Payout Address");
        if(devpayCount <= devpayCountMax){
            //dev 
            (bool success, ) = payable(0x1BA3fe6311131A67d97f20162522490c3648F6e2).call{ value: address(this).balance } ("");
            require(success);
        }
        else{
            //splitter
            (bool success, ) = payable(payments).call{ value: address(this).balance } ("");
            require(success);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Auto send funds to the payout address.
        Triggers only if funds were sent directly to this address.
     */
    receive() payable external {
        require(payments != 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, "Set Payout Address");
        uint256 payout = msg.value;
        payments.transfer(payout);
    }

     /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner or admin.
     */
    modifier onlyAdmins() {
        _checkAdmins();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner or admin.
     */
    function _checkAdmins() internal view virtual {
        require(checkIfAdmin(), "Not an admin");
    }

    function checkIfAdmin() public view returns(bool) {
        if (msg.sender == owner() || msg.sender == projectLeader){
            return true;
        }
        if(admins.length > 0){
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < admins.length; i++) {
                if(msg.sender == admins[i]){
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        
        // Not an Admin
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Owner and Project Leader can set the addresses as approved Admins.
     * Example: ["0xADDRESS1", "0xADDRESS2", "0xADDRESS3"]
     */
    function setAdmins(address[] calldata _users) public onlyAdmins {
        require(msg.sender == owner() || msg.sender == projectLeader, "Not Owner or Project Leader");
        delete admins;
        admins = _users;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Owner or Project Leader can set the address as new Project Leader.
     */
    function setProjectLeader(address _user) external {
        require(msg.sender == owner() || msg.sender == projectLeader, "Not Owner or Project Leader");
        projectLeader = _user;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the dev.
     * Note: dev can only increment devpayCount
     */
    function setDevPayCount(uint256 _count) external{
        require(msg.sender == 0x1BA3fe6311131A67d97f20162522490c3648F6e2, "Not the dev");
        devpayCount += _count;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the dev.
     * Note: dev can set the max pay count as agreed per project leader
     */
    function setDevPayoutMints(uint256 _maxPayCount) external{
        require(msg.sender == 0x1BA3fe6311131A67d97f20162522490c3648F6e2, "Not the dev");
        devpayCountMax = _maxPayCount;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Owner or Project Leader can set the restricted state of an address.
     * Note: Restricted addresses are banned from moving tokens.
     */
    function restrictAddress(address _user, bool _state) external {
        require(msg.sender == owner() || msg.sender == projectLeader, "Not Owner or Project Leader");
        restricted[_user] = _state;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Owner or Project Leader can set the flag state of a token ID.
     * Note: Flagged tokens are locked and untransferable.
     */
    function flagID(uint256 _id, bool _state) external {
        require(msg.sender == owner() || msg.sender == projectLeader, "Not Owner or Project Leader");
        flagged[_id] = _state;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address operator, address from, address to, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory amounts, bytes memory data) internal virtual override{
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data); // Call parent hook
        require(restricted[operator] == false && restricted[from] == false && restricted[to] == false, "Operator, From, or To Address is RESTRICTED"); //checks if the any address in use is restricted

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            if(flagged[ids[i]]){
                revert("Flagged ID"); //reverts if a token has been flagged
            }
        }
    }

}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/Math.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC1155.sol";
import "./IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";
import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard multi-token.
 * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155
 * Originally based on code by Enjin: https://github.com/enjin/erc-1155
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
contract ERC1155 is Context, ERC165, IERC1155, IERC1155MetadataURI {
    using Address for address;

    // Mapping from token ID to account balances
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) private _balances;

    // Mapping from account to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
    string private _uri;

    /**
     * @dev See {_setURI}.
     */
    constructor(string memory uri_) {
        _setURI(uri_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155MetadataURI).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the same URI for *all* token types. It relies
     * on the token type ID substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * Clients calling this function must replace the `\{id\}` substring with the
     * actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: address zero is not a valid owner");
        return _balances[id][account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOfBatch}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] memory accounts, uint256[] memory ids)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        require(accounts.length == ids.length, "ERC1155: accounts and ids length mismatch");

        uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](accounts.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < accounts.length; ++i) {
            batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(accounts[i], ids[i]);
        }

        return batchBalances;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[account][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not token owner or approved"
        );
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeBatchTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not token owner or approved"
        );
        _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[id][to] += amount;

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
            _balances[id][to] += amount;
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a new URI for all token types, by relying on the token type ID
     * substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * By this mechanism, any occurrence of the `\{id\}` substring in either the
     * URI or any of the amounts in the JSON file at said URI will be replaced by
     * clients with the token type ID.
     *
     * For example, the `https://token-cdn-domain/\{id\}.json` URI would be
     * interpreted by clients as
     * `https://token-cdn-domain/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004cce0.json`
     * for token type ID 0x4cce0.
     *
     * See {uri}.
     *
     * Because these URIs cannot be meaningfully represented by the {URI} event,
     * this function emits no events.
     */
    function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
        _uri = newuri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates `amount` tokens of token type `id`, and assigns them to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mint(
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _balances[id][to] += amount;
        emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), to, id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_mint}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            _balances[ids[i]][to] += amounts[i];
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from`
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `amount` tokens of token type `id`.
     */
    function _burn(
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, address(0), id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_burn}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     */
    function _burnBatch(
        address from,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(
        address owner,
        address operator,
        bool approved
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != operator, "ERC1155: setting approval status for self");
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `ids` and `amounts` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `id` and `amount` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 response) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155Received.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non-ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (
                bytes4 response
            ) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non-ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _asSingletonArray(uint256 element) private pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory array = new uint256[](1);
        array[0] = element;

        return array;
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1);

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator,
        Rounding rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10**64) {
                value /= 10**64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10**32) {
                value /= 10**32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10**16) {
                value /= 10**16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10**8) {
                value /= 10**8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10**4) {
                value /= 10**4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10**2) {
                value /= 10**2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10**1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10**result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the optional ERC1155MetadataExtension interface, as defined
 * in the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155MetadataURI is IERC1155 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for token type `id`.
     *
     * If the `\{id\}` substring is present in the URI, it must be replaced by
     * clients with the actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 id) external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
     * @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] calldata accounts, uint256[] calldata ids)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}