// File: contracts/Recipes/BalancerRecipe.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.7;

import "./OpenZeppelin/SafeERC20.sol";
import "./OpenZeppelin/SafeMath.sol";
import "./OpenZeppelin/Ownable.sol";
import "./Interfaces/IWETH.sol";
import "./Interfaces/ILendingRegistry.sol";
import "./Interfaces/ILendingLogic.sol";
import "./Interfaces/IPieRegistry.sol";
import "./Interfaces/IPie.sol";
import "./Interfaces/IUniV3Router.sol";
import "./Interfaces/IBalancer.sol";

pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;

/**
 * @title BalancerRecipe contract for BaoFinance's Baskets Protocol (vexs SimpleUniRecipe fork)
 *
 * @author fabiaz84
 */
contract BalancerRecipe is Ownable {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    // -------------------------------
    // CONSTANTS
    // -------------------------------

    IERC20 constant DAI = IERC20(0x6B175474E89094C44Da98b954EedeAC495271d0F);
    IWETH constant WETH = IWETH(0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2);
    ILendingRegistry immutable lendingRegistry;
    IPieRegistry immutable basketRegistry;
    IBalancer balancer = IBalancer(0xB4FBF271143F4FBf7B91A5ded31805e42b2208d6);

    // -------------------------------
    // VARIABLES
    // -------------------------------

    uniV3Router uniRouter;
    uniOracle oracle;

    mapping(address => bytes32) balancerViable;

    /**
     * Create a new Recipe.
     *
     * @param _lendingRegistry LendingRegistry address
     * @param _pieRegistry PieRegistry address
     * @param _uniV3Router Uniswap V3 Router address
     * @param _uniOracle Uniswap Oracke address
     */
    constructor(
        address _lendingRegistry,
        address _pieRegistry,
        address _uniV3Router,
        address _uniOracle
    ) {
        require(_lendingRegistry != address(0), "LENDING_MANAGER_ZERO");
        require(_pieRegistry != address(0), "PIE_REGISTRY_ZERO");

        lendingRegistry = ILendingRegistry(_lendingRegistry);
        basketRegistry = IPieRegistry(_pieRegistry);

        uniRouter = uniV3Router(_uniV3Router);
        oracle = uniOracle(_uniOracle);

        // Approve max WETH spending on Balancer
        WETH.approve(address(balancer), type(uint256).max);
    }

    // -------------------------------
    // PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
    // -------------------------------

    /**
     * External bake function.
     * Mints `_mintAmount` basket tokens with as little of `_maxInput` as possible.
     *
     * @param _basket Address of basket token to mint
     * @param _maxInput Max WETH to use to mint _mintAmount basket tokens
     * @param _mintAmount Target amount of basket tokens to mint
     * @return inputAmountUsed Amount of WETH used to mint the basket token
     * @return outputAmount Amount of basket tokens minted
     */
    function bake(
        address _basket,
        uint256 _maxInput,
        uint256 _mintAmount
    ) external returns(uint256 inputAmountUsed, uint256 outputAmount) {
        IERC20 outputToken = IERC20(_basket);

        IERC20(address(WETH)).safeTransferFrom(_msgSender(), address(this), _maxInput);

        outputAmount = _bake(_basket, _mintAmount);

        uint256 remainingInputBalance = WETH.balanceOf(address(this));
        
        if(remainingInputBalance > 0) {
            WETH.transfer(_msgSender(), remainingInputBalance);
        }
        inputAmountUsed = _maxInput - remainingInputBalance;

        outputToken.safeTransfer(_msgSender(), outputAmount);  
    }

    /**
     * Bake a basket with ETH.
     *
     * Wraps the ETH that was sent, and continues the baking
     * process as normal.
     *
     * @param _basket Basket token to mint
     * @param _mintAmount Target amount of basket tokens to mint
     */
    function toBasket(
        address _basket,
        uint256 _mintAmount
    ) external payable returns (uint256 outputAmount) {
        // Wrap ETH
        address(WETH).call{value: msg.value}("");

        // Bake basket
        outputAmount = _bake(_basket, _mintAmount);

        // Transfer minted baskets to msg.sender
        IERC20(_basket).safeTransfer(msg.sender, outputAmount);

        // if any WETH left convert it into ETH and send it back
        uint256 wethBalance = WETH.balanceOf(address(this));
        if(wethBalance != 0) {
            // console.log("returning WETH");
            // console.log(wethBalance);
            WETH.withdraw(wethBalance);
            payable(msg.sender).transfer(wethBalance);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the price of `_amount` basket tokens in WETH
     *
     * @param _basket Basket token to get the price of
     * @param _amount Amount of basket tokens to get price of
     * @return _price Price of `_amount` basket tokens in WETH
     */
    function getPrice(address _basket, uint256 _amount) public returns (uint256 _price) {
        // Check that _basket is a valid basket
        require(basketRegistry.inRegistry(_basket));

        // Loop through all the tokens in the basket and get their prices on UniSwap V3
        (address[] memory tokens, uint256[] memory amounts) = IPie(_basket).calcTokensForAmount(_amount);
        address _token;
        address _underlying;
        uint256 _amount;
        for (uint256 i; i < tokens.length; ++i) {
            _token = tokens[i];
            _amount = amounts[i].add(1);

            // If the amount equals zero, revert.
            assembly {
                if iszero(_amount) {
                    revert(0, 0)
                }
            }

            _underlying = lendingRegistry.wrappedToUnderlying(_token);
            if (_underlying != address(0)) {
                _amount = mulDivDown(
                    _amount,
                    getLendingLogicFromWrapped(_token).exchangeRateView(_token),
                    1e18
                );
                _token = _underlying;
            }

            // If the token is WETH, we don't need to perform a swap before lending.
            _price += _token == address(WETH) ? _amount : _quoteExactOutput(address(WETH), _token, _amount, 500);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the price of `_amount` basket tokens in ETH
     *
     * @param _basket Basket token to get the price of
     * @param _amount Amount of basket tokens to get price of
     * @return _price Price of `_amount` basket tokens in ETH
     */
    function getPriceEth(address _basket, uint256 _amount) external returns (uint256 _price) {
        _price = _quoteExactOutput(
            address(WETH),
            address(DAI),
            getPrice(_basket, _amount),
            500
        );
    }

    // -------------------------------
    // INTERNAL FUNCTIONS
    // -------------------------------

    /**
     * Internal bake function.
     * Checks if _basket is a valid basket, mints _mintAmount basketTokens, and returns the real
     * amount minted.
     *
     * @param _basket Address of basket token to mint
     * @param _mintAmount Target amount of basket tokens to mint
     * @return outputAmount Amount of basket tokens minted
     */
    function _bake(address _basket, uint256 _mintAmount) internal returns (uint256 outputAmount) {
        require(basketRegistry.inRegistry(_basket));

        swapAndJoin(_basket, _mintAmount);

        outputAmount = IERC20(_basket).balanceOf(address(this));
    }

    /**
     * Swap for the underlying assets of a basket using only Balancer and mint _outputAmount basket tokens.
     *
     * @param _basket Basket to pull underlying assets from
     * @param _mintAmount Target amount of basket tokens to mint
     */
    function swapAndJoin(address _basket, uint256 _mintAmount) internal {
        IPie basket = IPie(_basket);
        (address[] memory tokens, uint256[] memory amounts) = basket.calcTokensForAmount(_mintAmount);

        // Instantiate empty variables that will be assigned multiple times in the loop, less memory allocation
        address _token;
        address underlying;
        uint256 _amount;
        uint256 underlyingAmount;
        ILendingLogic lendingLogic;

        for (uint256 i; i < tokens.length; ++i) {
            _token = tokens[i];
            _amount = amounts[i].add(1);

            // If the token is registered in the lending registry, swap to
            // its underlying token and lend it.
            underlying = lendingRegistry.wrappedToUnderlying(_token);

            if (underlying == address(0) && _token != address(WETH)) {
                _swap_out_amount(
                    address(WETH),
                    _token,
                    _amount
                );
            } else {
                // Get underlying amount according to the exchange rate
                lendingLogic = getLendingLogicFromWrapped(_token);
                underlyingAmount = mulDivDown(_amount, lendingLogic.exchangeRate(_token), 1e18);

                // Swap for the underlying asset on Balancer
                // If the token is WETH, no need to swap
                if (underlying != address(WETH)) {
                    _swap_out_amount(
                        address(WETH),
                        underlying,
                        underlyingAmount
                    );
                }

                // Execute lending transactions
                (address[] memory targets, bytes[] memory data) = lendingLogic.lend(underlying, underlyingAmount, address(this));
                for (uint256 j; j < targets.length; ++j) {
                    (bool success,) = targets[j].call{value : 0}(data[j]);
                    require(success, "CALL_FAILED");
                }
            }
            IERC20(_token).approve(_basket, _amount);
        }
        basket.joinPool(_mintAmount);
    }

    /**
     * Swap `_from` -> `_to` and receive exactly `_amountOut` of `_to` on Balancer
     *
     * @param _assetIn Address of token to swap from
     * @param _assetOut Address of token to swap to
     * @param _amountOut Exact amount of `_to` to receive
     */
    function _swap_out_amount(
        address _assetIn,
        address _assetOut,
        uint256 _amountOut
    ) internal {
            IBalancer.SwapKind kind = IBalancer.SwapKind.GIVEN_OUT;
            IBalancer.SingleSwap memory singleSwap = IBalancer.SingleSwap(
                balancerViable[_assetOut],
                kind,
                _assetIn,
                _assetOut,
                _amountOut,
                ""
            );
            
            IBalancer.FundManagement memory funds =  IBalancer.FundManagement(
                address(this),
                false,
                payable(address(this)),
                false
            );

            IERC20(_assetIn).approve(address(balancer), 0);
            IERC20(_assetIn).approve(address(balancer), type(uint256).max);
            balancer.swap(
                singleSwap,
                funds,
                type(uint256).max,
                block.timestamp + 1
            );
    }

    /**
     * Quote an exact input swap on UniV3
     *
     * @param _from Token to swap from
     * @param _to Token to swap to
     * @param _amountOut Exact amount of `_to` tokens to be received for `_amountIn` `_from` tokens
     * @return _amountIn Amount to send in order to receive `_amountOut` `to` tokens
     */
    function _quoteExactOutput(
        address _from,
        address _to,
        uint256 _amountOut,
        uint24 _fee
    ) internal returns (uint256 _amountIn) {
        try oracle.quoteExactOutputSingle(_from, _to, _fee, _amountOut, 0) returns (uint256 _p) {
            _amountIn = _p;
        } catch {
            _amountIn = type(uint256).max;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the lending logic of a wrapped token
     *
     * @param _wrapped Address of wrapped token
     * @return ILendingLogic - Lending logic associated with `_wrapped`
     */
    function getLendingLogicFromWrapped(address _wrapped) internal view returns (ILendingLogic) {
        return ILendingLogic(
            lendingRegistry.protocolToLogic(
                lendingRegistry.wrappedToProtocol(
                    _wrapped
                )
            )
        );
    }

    /**
     * Yoinked from the geniuses behind solmate
     * https://github.com/Rari-Capital/solmate/blob/main/src/utils/FixedPointMathLib.sol
     *
     * (x*y)/z
     */
    function mulDivDown(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 z) {
        assembly {
            // Store x * y in z for now.
            z := mul(x, y)

            // Equivalent to require(denominator != 0 && (x == 0 || (x * y) / x == y))
            if iszero(and(iszero(iszero(denominator)), or(iszero(x), eq(div(z, x), y)))) {
                revert(0, 0)
            }

            // Divide z by the denominator.
            z := div(z, denominator)
        }
    }

    // -------------------------------
    // ADMIN FUNCTIONS
    // -------------------------------

    /**
     * Update the Uni V3 Router
     *
     * @param _newRouter New Uni V3 Router address
     */
    function updateUniRouter(address _newRouter) external onlyOwner {
        // Update stored Uni V3 exchange
        uniRouter = uniV3Router(_newRouter);
    }

    function setBalancerPoolMapping(address _inputAsset, bytes32 _pool) external onlyOwner {
        balancerViable[_inputAsset] = _pool;
    }

    /**
     * Update the Uni V3 Oracle
     *
     * @param _newOracle New Uni V3 Oracle address
     */
    function updateUniOracle(address _newOracle) external onlyOwner {
        oracle = uniOracle(_newOracle);
    }

    receive() external payable {}
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/IBalancer.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

interface IBalancer{
    enum SwapKind { GIVEN_IN, GIVEN_OUT }

    struct BatchSwapStep {
        bytes32 poolId;
        uint256 assetInIndex;
        uint256 assetOutIndex;
        uint256 amount;
        bytes userData;
    }

    //Balancer params
    struct SingleSwap {
        bytes32 poolId;
        SwapKind kind;
        address assetIn;
        address assetOut;
        uint256 amount;
        bytes userData;
    }

    struct FundManagement {
        address sender;
        bool fromInternalBalance;
        address payable recipient;
        bool toInternalBalance;
    }

    function swap(
        SingleSwap memory singleSwap,
        FundManagement memory funds,
        uint256 limit,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external payable returns (uint256);

    function queryBatchSwap(
        SwapKind kind,
        BatchSwapStep[] memory swaps,
        address[] memory assets,
        FundManagement memory funds
    ) external returns (int256[] memory assetDeltas);
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/IERC20.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/ILendingLogic.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

interface ILendingLogic {
    /**
        @notice Get the APR based on underlying token.
        @param _token Address of the underlying token
        @return Interest with 18 decimals
    */
    function getAPRFromUnderlying(address _token) external view returns(uint256);

    /**
        @notice Get the APR based on wrapped token.
        @param _token Address of the wrapped token
        @return Interest with 18 decimals
    */
    function getAPRFromWrapped(address _token) external view returns(uint256);

    /**
        @notice Get the calls needed to lend.
        @param _underlying Address of the underlying token
        @param _amount Amount of the underlying token
        @return targets Addresses of the contracts to call
        @return data Calldata of the calls
    */
    function lend(address _underlying, uint256 _amount, address _tokenHolder) external view returns(address[] memory targets, bytes[] memory data);

    /**
        @notice Get the calls needed to unlend
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
        @param _amount Amount of the underlying tokens
        @return targets Addresses of the contracts to call
        @return data Calldata of the calls
    */
    function unlend(address _wrapped, uint256 _amount, address _tokenHolder) external view returns(address[] memory targets, bytes[] memory data);

    /**
        @notice Get the underlying wrapped exchange rate
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
        @return The exchange rate
    */
    function exchangeRate(address _wrapped) external returns(uint256);

    /**
        @notice Get the underlying wrapped exchange rate in a view (non state changing) way
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
        @return The exchange rate
    */
    function exchangeRateView(address _wrapped) external view returns(uint256);
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/ILendingRegistry.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

interface ILendingRegistry {
    // Maps wrapped token to protocol
    function wrappedToProtocol(address _wrapped) external view returns(bytes32);
    // Maps wrapped token to underlying
    function wrappedToUnderlying(address _wrapped) external view returns(address);
    function underlyingToProtocolWrapped(address _underlying, bytes32 protocol) external view returns (address);
    function protocolToLogic(bytes32 _protocol) external view returns (address);

    /**
        @notice Set which protocl a wrapped token belongs to
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
        @param _protocol Bytes32 key of the protocol
    */
    function setWrappedToProtocol(address _wrapped, bytes32 _protocol) external;

    /**
        @notice Set what is the underlying for a wrapped token
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
        @param _underlying Address of the underlying token
    */
    function setWrappedToUnderlying(address _wrapped, address _underlying) external;

    /**
        @notice Set the logic contract for the protocol
        @param _protocol Bytes32 key of the procol
        @param _logic Address of the lending logic contract for that protocol
    */
    function setProtocolToLogic(bytes32 _protocol, address _logic) external;
    /**
        @notice Set the wrapped token for the underlying deposited in this protocol
        @param _underlying Address of the unerlying token
        @param _protocol Bytes32 key of the protocol
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
    */
    function setUnderlyingToProtocolWrapped(address _underlying, bytes32 _protocol, address _wrapped) external;

    /**
        @notice Get tx data to lend the underlying amount in a specific protocol
        @param _underlying Address of the underlying token
        @param _amount Amount to lend
        @param _protocol Bytes32 key of the protocol
        @return targets Addresses of the contracts to call
        @return data Calldata for the calls
    */
    function getLendTXData(address _underlying, uint256 _amount, bytes32 _protocol) external view returns(address[] memory targets, bytes[] memory data);

    /**
        @notice Get the tx data to unlend the wrapped amount
        @param _wrapped Address of the wrapped token
        @param _amount Amount of wrapped token to unlend
        @return targets Addresses of the contracts to call
        @return data Calldata for the calls
    */
    function getUnlendTXData(address _wrapped, uint256 _amount) external view returns(address[] memory targets, bytes[] memory data);
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/IPie.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

import "./IERC20.sol";

interface IPie is IERC20 {
    function joinPool(uint256 _amount) external;
    function exitPool(uint256 _amount) external;
    function calcTokensForAmount(uint256 _amount) external view  returns(address[] memory tokens, uint256[] memory amounts);
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/IPieRegistry.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
interface IPieRegistry {
    function inRegistry(address _pool) external view returns(bool);
    function entries(uint256 _index) external view returns(address);
    function addSmartPool(address _smartPool) external;
    function removeSmartPool(uint256 _index) external;
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/IUniV3Router.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

interface uniV3Router {

    struct ExactInputSingleParams {
        address tokenIn;
        address tokenOut;
        uint24 fee;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountIn;
        uint256 amountOutMinimum;
        uint160 sqrtPriceLimitX96;
    }

    struct ExactOutputSingleParams {
        address tokenIn;
        address tokenOut;
        uint24 fee;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountOut;
        uint256 amountInMaximum;
        uint160 sqrtPriceLimitX96;
    }

    struct ExactInputParams {
        bytes path;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountIn;
        uint256 amountOutMinimum;
    }

    struct ExactOutputParams {
        bytes path;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountOut;
        uint256 amountInMaximum;
    }

    function exactInputSingle(ExactInputSingleParams memory params) external returns (uint256 amountOut);

    function exactOutputSingle(ExactOutputSingleParams calldata params) external;

    function exactOutput(ExactOutputParams memory params) external returns (uint256 amountIn);
}

interface uniOracle {
   function quoteExactOutputSingle(
    address tokenIn,
    address tokenOut,
    uint24 fee,
    uint256 amountOut,
    uint160 sqrtPriceLimitX96
  ) external returns (uint256 amountIn);
}

// File: contracts/Recipes/Interfaces/IWETH.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

import "./IERC20.sol";

interface IWETH is IERC20 {
  function deposit() external payable;
  function withdraw(uint) external;
  function decimals() external view returns(uint8);
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/OpenZeppelin/Address.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(account)
        }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/OpenZeppelin/Context.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/OpenZeppelin/Ownable.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/OpenZeppelin/SafeERC20.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../Interfaces/IERC20.sol";
import "./Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    function safeTransfer(
        IERC20 token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        IERC20 token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    function safeIncreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    function safeDecreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // Return data is optional
            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    }
}
// File: contracts/Recipes/OpenZeppelin/SafeMath.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.7;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
 * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
 * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
 * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
 * operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b <= a, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a - b;

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        uint256 c = a * b;
        require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b > 0, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b != 0, errorMessage);
        return a % b;
    }
}