// File: contracts/physicalclaim/PhysicalClaim.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "@manifoldxyz/creator-core-solidity/contracts/core/IERC721CreatorCore.sol";

import "./PhysicalClaimCore.sol";
import "./PhysicalClaimLib.sol";
import "./IPhysicalClaim.sol";

// Let's get Physical 💋
contract PhysicalClaim is PhysicalClaimCore, IPhysicalClaim {
    using Strings for uint256;

    constructor(address initialOwner) PhysicalClaimCore(initialOwner) {}

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(PhysicalClaimCore, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IPhysicalClaim).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }
    
    /**
     * @dev See {IPhysicalClaim-initializePhysicalClaim}.
     */
    function initializePhysicalClaim(
        uint256 instanceId,
        PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters
    ) external  {
        // Max uint56 for instanceId
        if (instanceId == 0 || instanceId > MAX_UINT_56) {
            revert InvalidInput();
        }

        _initialize(instanceId, physicalClaimParameters);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IPhysicalClaim-updatePhysicalClaim}.
     */
    function updatePhysicalClaim(
        uint256 instanceId,
        PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters
    ) external {
        _validateAdmin(instanceId);
        _update(instanceId, physicalClaimParameters);
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@manifoldxyz/creator-core-solidity/contracts/core/IERC721CreatorCore.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "./ICreatorCore.sol";

/**
 * @dev Core ERC721 creator interface
 */
interface IERC721CreatorCore is ICreatorCore {

    /**
     * @dev mint a token with no extension. Can only be called by an admin.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintBase(address to) external returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev mint a token with no extension. Can only be called by an admin.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintBase(address to, string calldata uri) external returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev batch mint a token with no extension. Can only be called by an admin.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintBaseBatch(address to, uint16 count) external returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev batch mint a token with no extension. Can only be called by an admin.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintBaseBatch(address to, string[] calldata uris) external returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev mint a token. Can only be called by a registered extension.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintExtension(address to) external returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev mint a token. Can only be called by a registered extension.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintExtension(address to, string calldata uri) external returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev mint a token. Can only be called by a registered extension.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintExtension(address to, uint80 data) external returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev batch mint a token. Can only be called by a registered extension.
     * Returns tokenIds minted
     */
    function mintExtensionBatch(address to, uint16 count) external returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev batch mint a token. Can only be called by a registered extension.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintExtensionBatch(address to, string[] calldata uris) external returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev batch mint a token. Can only be called by a registered extension.
     * Returns tokenId minted
     */
    function mintExtensionBatch(address to, uint80[] calldata data) external returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev burn a token. Can only be called by token owner or approved address.
     * On burn, calls back to the registered extension's onBurn method
     */
    function burn(uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev get token data
     */
    function tokenData(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (uint80);

}
// File: contracts/physicalclaim/PhysicalClaimCore.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "@manifoldxyz/libraries-solidity/contracts/access/AdminControl.sol";
import "@manifoldxyz/libraries-solidity/contracts/access/IAdminControl.sol";

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";

import "./PhysicalClaimLib.sol";
import "./IPhysicalClaimCore.sol";
import "./Interfaces.sol";

/**
 * @title Physical Claim Core
 * @author manifold.xyz
 * @notice Core logic for Physical Claim shared extensions.
 */
abstract contract PhysicalClaimCore is ERC165, AdminControl, ReentrancyGuard, IPhysicalClaimCore {
    using Strings for uint256;
    using ECDSA for bytes32;

    uint256 internal constant MAX_UINT_16 = 0xffff;
    uint256 internal constant MAX_UINT_56 = 0xffffffffffffff;

    bool public deprecated;

    // { instanceId => PhysicalClaim }
    mapping(uint256 => PhysicalClaim) internal _physicalClaims;

    // { instanceId => creator } -> TODO: make it so multiple people can administer a physical claim
    mapping(uint256 => address) internal _physicalClaimCreator;

    // { instanceId => { redeemer => uint256 } }
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) internal _redemptionCounts;

    // { instanceId => nonce => t/f  }
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(bytes32 => bool)) internal _usedMessages;

    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(IERC165, ERC165, AdminControl) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IPhysicalClaimCore).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC721Receiver).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155Receiver).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * Admin function to deprecate the contract
     */
    function deprecate(bool _deprecated) external adminRequired {
        deprecated = _deprecated;
    }

    /**
     * Initialiazes a physical claim with base parameters
     */
    function _initialize(
        uint256 instanceId,
        PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters
    ) internal {
        if (deprecated) {
            revert ContractDeprecated();
        }
        if (_physicalClaimCreator[instanceId] != address(0)) {
            revert InvalidInstance();
        }
        _physicalClaimCreator[instanceId] = msg.sender;
        PhysicalClaimLib.initialize(instanceId, _physicalClaims[instanceId], physicalClaimParameters);
    }

    /**
     * Updates a physical claim with base parameters
     */
    function _update(
        uint256 instanceId,
        PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters
    ) internal {
        PhysicalClaimLib.update(instanceId, _getPhysicalClaim(instanceId), physicalClaimParameters);
    }

    /**
     * Validates that this physical claim is managed by the user
     */
     function _validateAdmin(
        uint256 instanceId
     ) internal view {
        require(_physicalClaimCreator[instanceId] == msg.sender, "Must be admin");
     }

    /**
     * See {IPhysicalClaimCore-getPhysicalClaim}.
     */
    function getPhysicalClaim(uint256 instanceId) external override view returns(PhysicalClaimView memory) {
        PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance = _getPhysicalClaim(instanceId);
        VariationState[] memory variationStates = new VariationState[](physicalClaimInstance.variationIds.length);
        for (uint256 i; i < physicalClaimInstance.variationIds.length;) {
            variationStates[i] = physicalClaimInstance.variations[physicalClaimInstance.variationIds[i]];
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
        return PhysicalClaimView({
            paymentReceiver: physicalClaimInstance.paymentReceiver,
            redeemedCount: physicalClaimInstance.redeemedCount,
            totalSupply: physicalClaimInstance.totalSupply,
            startDate: physicalClaimInstance.startDate,
            endDate: physicalClaimInstance.endDate,
            signer: physicalClaimInstance.signer,
            burnSet: physicalClaimInstance.burnSet,
            variationStates: variationStates
        });
    }

    /**
     * See {IPhysicalClaimCore-getPhysicalClaim}.
     */
    function getRedemptions(uint256 instanceId, address redeemer) external override view returns(uint256) {
        return _redemptionCounts[instanceId][redeemer];
    }

    /**
     * See {IPhysicalClaimCore-getVariationState}.
     */
    function getVariationState(uint256 instanceId, uint8 variation) external override view returns(VariationState memory) {
        return _getPhysicalClaim(instanceId).variations[variation];
    }

    /**
     * Helper to get physical claim instance
     */
    function _getPhysicalClaim(uint256 instanceId) internal view returns(PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance) {
        physicalClaimInstance = _physicalClaims[instanceId];
        if (physicalClaimInstance.paymentReceiver == address(0)) {
            revert InvalidInstance();
        }
    }

    /**
     * (Batch overload) see {IPhysicalClaimCore-burnRedeem}.
     */
    function burnRedeem(PhysicalClaimSubmission[] calldata submissions) external payable override nonReentrant {
        if (submissions.length == 0) revert InvalidInput();

        uint256 msgValueRemaining = msg.value;
        for (uint256 i; i < submissions.length;) {
            PhysicalClaimSubmission memory currentSub = submissions[i];
            uint256 instanceId = currentSub.instanceId;

            // The expectedCount must match the user's current redemption count to enforce idempotency
            if (currentSub.currentClaimCount != _redemptionCounts[instanceId][msg.sender]) revert InvalidInput();

            uint256 totalCost = currentSub.totalCost;

            // Check that we have enough funds for the redemption
            if (totalCost > 0) {
                if (msgValueRemaining < totalCost) {
                    revert InvalidPaymentAmount();
                }
                msgValueRemaining -= totalCost;
            }
            _burnRedeem(currentSub);
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    function _burnRedeem(PhysicalClaimSubmission memory submission) private {
        PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance = _getPhysicalClaim(submission.instanceId);

        // Get the amount that can be burned
        uint16 physicalClaimCount = _getAvailablePhysicalClaimCount(physicalClaimInstance, submission.variation, submission.count);

        // Signer being set means that the physical claim is a paid claim
        if (physicalClaimInstance.signer != address(0)) {
            // Check that the message value is what was signed...
            _checkPriceSignature(submission.instanceId, submission.signature, submission.message, submission.nonce, physicalClaimInstance.signer, submission.totalCost);
            _forwardValue(physicalClaimInstance.paymentReceiver, submission.totalCost);
        }

        // Do physical claim
        _burnTokens(physicalClaimInstance, submission.burnTokens, physicalClaimCount, msg.sender, submission.data);
        _redeem(submission.instanceId, physicalClaimInstance, msg.sender, submission.variation, physicalClaimCount, submission.data);
    }

    function _checkPriceSignature(uint56 instanceId, bytes memory signature, bytes32 message, bytes32 nonce, address signingAddress, uint256 cost) internal {
        // Verify valid message based on input variables
        bytes32 expectedMessage = keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", instanceId, cost));
        // Verify nonce usage/re-use
        require(!_usedMessages[instanceId][nonce], "Cannot replay transaction");
        address signer = message.recover(signature);
        if (message != expectedMessage || signer != signingAddress) revert InvalidSignature();
        _usedMessages[instanceId][nonce] = true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IPhysicalClaimCore-recover}.
     */
    function recover(address tokenAddress, uint256 tokenId, address destination) external override adminRequired {
        IERC721(tokenAddress).transferFrom(address(this), destination, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Receiver-onReceived}.
     */
    function onERC721Received(
        address,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external override nonReentrant returns(bytes4) {
        // Check calldata is valid
        if (data.length % 32 != 0) {
            revert InvalidData();
        }

        uint56 instanceId;
        uint256 burnItemIndex;
        bytes32[] memory merkleProof;
        uint8 variation;
        (instanceId, burnItemIndex, merkleProof, variation) = abi.decode(data, (uint56, uint256, bytes32[], uint8));
      
        _onERC721Received(from, id, instanceId, burnItemIndex, merkleProof, variation);
        return this.onERC721Received.selector;
    }

    /**
     * @notice  token transfer callback
     */
    function _onERC721Received(
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        uint56 instanceId,
        uint256 burnItemIndex,
        bytes32[] memory merkleProof,
        uint8 variation
    ) private {
        PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance = _getPhysicalClaim(instanceId);
        // Note: since safeTransferFrom can't take funds, we are restricted to non-signature mints
        if (physicalClaimInstance.signer != address(0)) revert InvalidInput();

        // A single  can only be sent in directly for a burn if:
        // 1. There is no cost to the burn (because no payment can be sent with a transfer)
        // 2. The burn only requires one NFT (one burnSet element and one count)
        _validateReceivedInput(physicalClaimInstance.burnSet.length, physicalClaimInstance.burnSet[0].requiredCount);

        // Validate we have remaining amounts available (will revert if not)
        _getAvailablePhysicalClaimCount(physicalClaimInstance, variation, 1);

        // Check that the burn token is valid
        BurnItem memory burnItem = physicalClaimInstance.burnSet[0].items[burnItemIndex];

        // Can only take in one burn item
        if (burnItem.tokenSpec != TokenSpec.ERC721) {
            revert InvalidInput();
        }
        PhysicalClaimLib.validateBurnItem(burnItem, msg.sender, tokenId, merkleProof);

        // Do burn and redeem
        _burn(burnItem, address(this), msg.sender, tokenId, 1, "");
        _redeem(instanceId, physicalClaimInstance, from, variation, 1, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received}.
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external override nonReentrant returns(bytes4) {
        // Check calldata is valid
        if (data.length % 32 != 0) {
            revert InvalidData();
        }

        uint56 instanceId;
        uint16 burnRedeemCount;
        uint256 burnItemIndex;
        bytes32[] memory merkleProof;
        uint8 variation;
        (instanceId, burnRedeemCount, burnItemIndex, merkleProof, variation) = abi.decode(data, (uint56, uint16, uint256, bytes32[], uint8));

        // Do burn redeem
        _onERC1155Received(from, id, value, instanceId, burnRedeemCount, burnItemIndex, merkleProof, variation);

        return this.onERC1155Received.selector;
    }

    /**
     * Execute onERC1155Received burn/redeem
     */
    function _onERC1155Received(address from, uint256 tokenId, uint256 value, uint256 instanceId, uint16 burnRedeemCount, uint256 burnItemIndex, bytes32[] memory merkleProof, uint8 variation) private {
        PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance = _getPhysicalClaim(instanceId);
        // Note: since safeTransferFrom can't take funds, we are restricted to non-signature mints
        if (physicalClaimInstance.signer != address(0)) revert InvalidInput();

        // A single 1155 can only be sent in directly for a burn if:
        // 1. The burn only requires one NFT (one burn set element and one required count in the set)
        // 2. They are an active member (because no fee payment can be sent with a transfer)
        _validateReceivedInput(physicalClaimInstance.burnSet.length, physicalClaimInstance.burnSet[0].requiredCount);

        uint16 availableBurnRedeemCount = _getAvailablePhysicalClaimCount(physicalClaimInstance, variation, burnRedeemCount);

        // Check that the burn token is valid
        BurnItem memory burnItem = physicalClaimInstance.burnSet[0].items[burnItemIndex];
        if (value != burnItem.amount * burnRedeemCount) {
            revert InvalidBurnAmount();
        }
        PhysicalClaimLib.validateBurnItem(burnItem, msg.sender, tokenId, merkleProof);

        // Do burn and redeem
        _burn(burnItem, address(this), msg.sender, tokenId, availableBurnRedeemCount, "");
        _redeem(instanceId, physicalClaimInstance, from, variation, availableBurnRedeemCount, "");

        // Return excess amount
        if (availableBurnRedeemCount != burnRedeemCount) {
            IERC1155(msg.sender).safeTransferFrom(address(this), from, tokenId, (burnRedeemCount - availableBurnRedeemCount) * burnItem.amount, "");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived}.
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external override nonReentrant returns(bytes4) {
        // Do not support batch burning right now
        revert InvalidInput();
    }

    function _validateReceivedInput(uint256 length, uint256 requiredCount) private pure {
        if (length != 1 || requiredCount != 1) {
            revert InvalidInput();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Send funds to receiver
     */
    function _forwardValue(address payable receiver, uint256 amount) private {
        (bool sent, ) = receiver.call{value: amount}("");
        if (!sent) {
            revert TransferFailure();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Burn all listed tokens and check that the burn set is satisfied
     */
    function _burnTokens(PhysicalClaim storage burnRedeemInstance, BurnToken[] memory burnTokens, uint256 burnRedeemCount, address owner, bytes memory data) private {
        // Check that each group in the burn set is satisfied
        uint256[] memory groupCounts = new uint256[](burnRedeemInstance.burnSet.length);

        for (uint256 i; i < burnTokens.length;) {
            BurnToken memory burnToken = burnTokens[i];
            BurnItem memory burnItem = burnRedeemInstance.burnSet[burnToken.groupIndex].items[burnToken.itemIndex];

            PhysicalClaimLib.validateBurnItem(burnItem, burnToken.contractAddress, burnToken.id, burnToken.merkleProof);

            _burn(burnItem, owner, burnToken.contractAddress, burnToken.id, burnRedeemCount, data);
            groupCounts[burnToken.groupIndex] += burnRedeemCount;

            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
        for (uint256 i; i < groupCounts.length;) {
            if (groupCounts[i] != burnRedeemInstance.burnSet[i].requiredCount * burnRedeemCount) {
                revert InvalidBurnAmount();
            }
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper to get the number of burn redeems the person can accomplish
     */
    function _getAvailablePhysicalClaimCount(PhysicalClaim storage instance, uint8 variation, uint16 count) internal view returns(uint16 burnRedeemCount) {
        uint16 remainingTotalCount;
        if (instance.totalSupply == 0) {
            // If totalSupply is 0, it means unlimited redemptions
            remainingTotalCount = count;
        } else {
            // Get the remaining total redemptions
            remainingTotalCount = (instance.totalSupply - instance.redeemedCount);
        }

        // Get the max redemptions for this variation
        VariationState memory variationState = instance.variations[variation];
        if (!variationState.active) revert InvalidVariation();

        uint16 variationRemainingCount;
        if (variationState.totalSupply == 0) {
            // If totalSupply of variation is 0, it means unlimited available
            variationRemainingCount = count;
        } else {
            // Get the remaining variation redemptions
            variationRemainingCount = (variationState.totalSupply - variationState.redeemedCount);
        }
        
        // Use whichever is lesser...
        uint16 comparator = remainingTotalCount > variationRemainingCount ? variationRemainingCount : remainingTotalCount;

        // Use the lesser of what's available or the desired count
        if (comparator > count) {
            burnRedeemCount = count;
        } else {
            burnRedeemCount = comparator;
        }

        // No more remaining
        if (burnRedeemCount == 0) revert InvalidRedeemAmount();
    }

    /**
     * Helper to burn token
     */
    function _burn(BurnItem memory burnItem, address from, address contractAddress, uint256 tokenId, uint256 burnRedeemCount, bytes memory data) private {
        if (burnItem.tokenSpec == TokenSpec.ERC1155) {
            uint256 amount = burnItem.amount * burnRedeemCount;

            if (burnItem.burnSpec == BurnSpec.NONE) {
                // Send to 0xdEaD to burn if contract doesn't have burn function
                IERC1155(contractAddress).safeTransferFrom(from, address(0xdEaD), tokenId, amount, data);

            } else if (burnItem.burnSpec == BurnSpec.MANIFOLD) {
                // Burn using the creator core's burn function
                uint256[] memory tokenIds = new uint256[](1);
                tokenIds[0] = tokenId;
                uint256[] memory amounts = new uint256[](1);
                amounts[0] = amount;
                Manifold1155(contractAddress).burn(from, tokenIds, amounts);

            } else if (burnItem.burnSpec == BurnSpec.OPENZEPPELIN) {
                // Burn using OpenZeppelin's burn function
                OZBurnable1155(contractAddress).burn(from, tokenId, amount);

            } else {
                revert InvalidBurnSpec();
            }
        } else if (burnItem.tokenSpec == TokenSpec.ERC721) {
            if (burnRedeemCount != 1) {
                revert InvalidBurnAmount();
            } 
            if (burnItem.burnSpec == BurnSpec.NONE) {
                // Send to 0xdEaD to burn if contract doesn't have burn function
                IERC721(contractAddress).safeTransferFrom(from, address(0xdEaD), tokenId, data);

            } else if (burnItem.burnSpec == BurnSpec.MANIFOLD || burnItem.burnSpec == BurnSpec.OPENZEPPELIN) {
                if (from != address(this)) {
                    // 721 `burn` functions do not have a `from` parameter, so we must verify the owner
                    if (IERC721(contractAddress).ownerOf(tokenId) != from) {
                        revert TransferFailure();
                    }
                }
                // Burn using the contract's burn function
                Burnable721(contractAddress).burn(tokenId);

            } else {
                revert InvalidBurnSpec();
            }
        } else {
            revert InvalidTokenSpec();
        }
    }

    /** 
     * Helper to redeem multiple redeem
     */
    function _redeem(uint256 instanceId, PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance, address to, uint8 variation, uint16 count, bytes memory data) internal {
        uint256 totalCount = count;
        if (totalCount > MAX_UINT_16) {
            revert InvalidInput();
        }
        physicalClaimInstance.redeemedCount += uint16(totalCount);
        physicalClaimInstance.variations[variation].redeemedCount += count;
        _redemptionCounts[instanceId][to] += count;
        emit PhysicalClaimLib.PhysicalClaimRedemption(instanceId, variation, count, data);
    }
}
// File: contracts/physicalclaim/PhysicalClaimLib.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol";
import "./IPhysicalClaimCore.sol";

/**
 * @title Physical Claim Lib
 * @author manifold.xyz
 * @notice Library for Physical Claim shared extensions.
 */
library PhysicalClaimLib {

    event PhysicalClaimInitialized(uint256 indexed instanceId, address initializer);
    event PhysicalClaimUpdated(uint256 indexed instanceId);
    event PhysicalClaimRedemption(uint256 indexed instanceId, uint8 indexed variation, uint32 count, bytes data);

    error PhysicalClaimAlreadyInitialized();
    error InvalidBurnItem();
    error InvalidBurnToken();
    error InvalidMerkleProof();
    error InvalidStorageProtocol();
    error InvalidPaymentReceiver();
    error InvalidDates();
    error InvalidInput();

    /**
     * Initialiazes a burn redeem with base parameters
     */
    function initialize(
        uint256 instanceId,
        IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance,
        IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters
    ) public {
        _validateParameters(physicalClaimParameters);

        // Create the physical claim
        _setParameters(physicalClaimInstance, physicalClaimParameters);
        _setBurnGroups(physicalClaimInstance, physicalClaimParameters.burnSet);

        emit PhysicalClaimInitialized(instanceId, msg.sender);
    }

    /**
     * Updates a physical claim with base parameters
     */
    function update(
        uint256 instanceId,
        IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance,
        IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters
    ) public {
        _validateParameters(physicalClaimParameters);

        // Overwrite the existing burnRedeem
        _setParameters(physicalClaimInstance, physicalClaimParameters);
        _setBurnGroups(physicalClaimInstance, physicalClaimParameters.burnSet);
        syncTotalSupply(physicalClaimInstance);
        emit PhysicalClaimUpdated(instanceId);
    }

    /**
     * Helper to update total supply if redeemedCount exceeds totalSupply after airdrop or instance update.
     */
    function syncTotalSupply(IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance) public {
        if (
            physicalClaimInstance.totalSupply != 0 &&
            physicalClaimInstance.redeemedCount > physicalClaimInstance.totalSupply
        ) {
            physicalClaimInstance.totalSupply = physicalClaimInstance.redeemedCount;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Helper to validate burn item
     */
    function validateBurnItem(IPhysicalClaimCore.BurnItem memory burnItem, address contractAddress, uint256 tokenId, bytes32[] memory merkleProof) public pure {
        if (burnItem.validationType == IPhysicalClaimCore.ValidationType.ANY) {
            return;
        }
        if (contractAddress != burnItem.contractAddress) {
            revert InvalidBurnToken();
        }
        if (burnItem.validationType == IPhysicalClaimCore.ValidationType.CONTRACT) {
            return;
        } else if (burnItem.validationType == IPhysicalClaimCore.ValidationType.RANGE) {
            if (tokenId < burnItem.minTokenId || tokenId > burnItem.maxTokenId) {
                revert IPhysicalClaimCore.InvalidToken(tokenId);
            }
            return;
        } else if (burnItem.validationType == IPhysicalClaimCore.ValidationType.MERKLE_TREE) {
            bytes32 leaf = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(tokenId));
            if (!MerkleProof.verify(merkleProof, burnItem.merkleRoot, leaf)) {
                revert InvalidMerkleProof();
            }
            return;
        }
        revert InvalidBurnItem();
    }

    /**
     * Helper to validate the parameters for a physical claim
     */
    function _validateParameters(IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters) internal pure {
        if (physicalClaimParameters.paymentReceiver == address(0)) {
            revert InvalidPaymentReceiver();
        }
        if (physicalClaimParameters.endDate != 0 && physicalClaimParameters.startDate >= physicalClaimParameters.endDate) {
            revert InvalidDates();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper to set top level properties for a physical claim
     */
    function _setParameters(IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance, IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters) private {
        physicalClaimInstance.startDate = physicalClaimParameters.startDate;
        physicalClaimInstance.endDate = physicalClaimParameters.endDate;
        physicalClaimInstance.totalSupply = physicalClaimParameters.totalSupply;
        physicalClaimInstance.paymentReceiver = physicalClaimParameters.paymentReceiver;
        physicalClaimInstance.signer = physicalClaimParameters.signer;

        uint8[] memory currentVariationIds = physicalClaimInstance.variationIds;
        for (uint256 i; i < currentVariationIds.length;) {
            physicalClaimInstance.variations[currentVariationIds[i]].active = false;
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
        physicalClaimInstance.variationIds = new uint8[](physicalClaimParameters.variationLimits.length);
        for (uint256 i; i < physicalClaimParameters.variationLimits.length;) {
            IPhysicalClaimCore.VariationLimit memory variationLimit = physicalClaimParameters.variationLimits[i];
            IPhysicalClaimCore.VariationState storage variationState = physicalClaimInstance.variations[variationLimit.id];
            variationState.active = true;
            physicalClaimInstance.variationIds[i] = variationLimit.id;
            // Set the totalSupply. If params specify 0, we use 0, otherwise it's the max of the current redeemCount and the param's totalSupply
            variationState.totalSupply = variationLimit.totalSupply == 0 ? 0 : (variationState.redeemedCount > variationLimit.totalSupply ? variationState.redeemedCount : variationLimit.totalSupply);
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Helper to set the burn groups for a physical claim
     */
    function _setBurnGroups(IPhysicalClaimCore.PhysicalClaim storage physicalClaimInstance, IPhysicalClaimCore.BurnGroup[] calldata burnGroups) private {
        delete physicalClaimInstance.burnSet;
        for (uint256 i; i < burnGroups.length;) {
            physicalClaimInstance.burnSet.push();
            IPhysicalClaimCore.BurnGroup storage burnGroup = physicalClaimInstance.burnSet[i];
            if (burnGroups[i].requiredCount == 0 || burnGroups[i].requiredCount > burnGroups[i].items.length) {
                revert InvalidInput();
            }
            burnGroup.requiredCount = burnGroups[i].requiredCount;
            for (uint256 j; j < burnGroups[i].items.length;) {
                // IPhysicalClaimCore.BurnItem memory burnItem = burnGroups[i].items[j];
                // uint256 amount = burnItem.amount;
                burnGroup.items.push(burnGroups[i].items[j]);
                unchecked { ++j; }
            }
            unchecked { ++i; }
        }
    }

}
// File: contracts/physicalclaim/IPhysicalClaim.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "./IPhysicalClaimCore.sol";

interface IPhysicalClaim is IPhysicalClaimCore {
    /**
     * @notice initialize a new physical claim, emit initialize event
     * @param instanceId                the instanceId of the physicalClaim for the physical claim
     * @param physicalClaimParameters      the parameters which will affect the redemption behavior of the physical claim
     */
    function initializePhysicalClaim(uint256 instanceId, PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters) external;

    /**
     * @notice update an existing physical claim
     * @param instanceId                the instanceId of the physicalClaim for the physical claim
     * @param physicalClaimParameters      the parameters which will affect the redemption behavior of the physical claim
     */
    function updatePhysicalClaim(uint256 instanceId, PhysicalClaimParameters calldata physicalClaimParameters) external;
}

// File: node_modules/@manifoldxyz/creator-core-solidity/contracts/core/ICreatorCore.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Core creator interface
 */
interface ICreatorCore is IERC165 {

    event ExtensionRegistered(address indexed extension, address indexed sender);
    event ExtensionUnregistered(address indexed extension, address indexed sender);
    event ExtensionBlacklisted(address indexed extension, address indexed sender);
    event MintPermissionsUpdated(address indexed extension, address indexed permissions, address indexed sender);
    event RoyaltiesUpdated(uint256 indexed tokenId, address payable[] receivers, uint256[] basisPoints);
    event DefaultRoyaltiesUpdated(address payable[] receivers, uint256[] basisPoints);
    event ApproveTransferUpdated(address extension);
    event ExtensionRoyaltiesUpdated(address indexed extension, address payable[] receivers, uint256[] basisPoints);
    event ExtensionApproveTransferUpdated(address indexed extension, bool enabled);

    /**
     * @dev gets address of all extensions
     */
    function getExtensions() external view returns (address[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev add an extension.  Can only be called by contract owner or admin.
     * extension address must point to a contract implementing ICreatorExtension.
     * Returns True if newly added, False if already added.
     */
    function registerExtension(address extension, string calldata baseURI) external;

    /**
     * @dev add an extension.  Can only be called by contract owner or admin.
     * extension address must point to a contract implementing ICreatorExtension.
     * Returns True if newly added, False if already added.
     */
    function registerExtension(address extension, string calldata baseURI, bool baseURIIdentical) external;

    /**
     * @dev add an extension.  Can only be called by contract owner or admin.
     * Returns True if removed, False if already removed.
     */
    function unregisterExtension(address extension) external;

    /**
     * @dev blacklist an extension.  Can only be called by contract owner or admin.
     * This function will destroy all ability to reference the metadata of any tokens created
     * by the specified extension. It will also unregister the extension if needed.
     * Returns True if removed, False if already removed.
     */
    function blacklistExtension(address extension) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the baseTokenURI of an extension.  Can only be called by extension.
     */
    function setBaseTokenURIExtension(string calldata uri) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the baseTokenURI of an extension.  Can only be called by extension.
     * For tokens with no uri configured, tokenURI will return "uri+tokenId"
     */
    function setBaseTokenURIExtension(string calldata uri, bool identical) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the common prefix of an extension.  Can only be called by extension.
     * If configured, and a token has a uri set, tokenURI will return "prefixURI+tokenURI"
     * Useful if you want to use ipfs/arweave
     */
    function setTokenURIPrefixExtension(string calldata prefix) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the tokenURI of a token extension.  Can only be called by extension that minted token.
     */
    function setTokenURIExtension(uint256 tokenId, string calldata uri) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the tokenURI of a token extension for multiple tokens.  Can only be called by extension that minted token.
     */
    function setTokenURIExtension(uint256[] memory tokenId, string[] calldata uri) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the baseTokenURI for tokens with no extension.  Can only be called by owner/admin.
     * For tokens with no uri configured, tokenURI will return "uri+tokenId"
     */
    function setBaseTokenURI(string calldata uri) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the common prefix for tokens with no extension.  Can only be called by owner/admin.
     * If configured, and a token has a uri set, tokenURI will return "prefixURI+tokenURI"
     * Useful if you want to use ipfs/arweave
     */
    function setTokenURIPrefix(string calldata prefix) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the tokenURI of a token with no extension.  Can only be called by owner/admin.
     */
    function setTokenURI(uint256 tokenId, string calldata uri) external;

    /**
     * @dev set the tokenURI of multiple tokens with no extension.  Can only be called by owner/admin.
     */
    function setTokenURI(uint256[] memory tokenIds, string[] calldata uris) external;

    /**
     * @dev set a permissions contract for an extension.  Used to control minting.
     */
    function setMintPermissions(address extension, address permissions) external;

    /**
     * @dev Configure so transfers of tokens created by the caller (must be extension) gets approval
     * from the extension before transferring
     */
    function setApproveTransferExtension(bool enabled) external;

    /**
     * @dev get the extension of a given token
     */
    function tokenExtension(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Set default royalties
     */
    function setRoyalties(address payable[] calldata receivers, uint256[] calldata basisPoints) external;

    /**
     * @dev Set royalties of a token
     */
    function setRoyalties(uint256 tokenId, address payable[] calldata receivers, uint256[] calldata basisPoints) external;

    /**
     * @dev Set royalties of an extension
     */
    function setRoyaltiesExtension(address extension, address payable[] calldata receivers, uint256[] calldata basisPoints) external;

    /**
     * @dev Get royalites of a token.  Returns list of receivers and basisPoints
     */
    function getRoyalties(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address payable[] memory, uint256[] memory);
    
    // Royalty support for various other standards
    function getFeeRecipients(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address payable[] memory);
    function getFeeBps(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (uint[] memory);
    function getFees(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address payable[] memory, uint256[] memory);
    function royaltyInfo(uint256 tokenId, uint256 value) external view returns (address, uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Set the default approve transfer contract location.
     */
    function setApproveTransfer(address extension) external; 

    /**
     * @dev Get the default approve transfer contract location.
     */
    function getApproveTransfer() external view returns (address);
}

// File: node_modules/@manifoldxyz/libraries-solidity/contracts/access/AdminControl.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "./IAdminControl.sol";

abstract contract AdminControl is Ownable, IAdminControl, ERC165 {
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;

    // Track registered admins
    EnumerableSet.AddressSet private _admins;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAdminControl).interfaceId
            || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Only allows approved admins to call the specified function
     */
    modifier adminRequired() {
        require(owner() == msg.sender || _admins.contains(msg.sender), "AdminControl: Must be owner or admin");
        _;
    }   

    /**
     * @dev See {IAdminControl-getAdmins}.
     */
    function getAdmins() external view override returns (address[] memory admins) {
        admins = new address[](_admins.length());
        for (uint i = 0; i < _admins.length(); i++) {
            admins[i] = _admins.at(i);
        }
        return admins;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IAdminControl-approveAdmin}.
     */
    function approveAdmin(address admin) external override onlyOwner {
        if (!_admins.contains(admin)) {
            emit AdminApproved(admin, msg.sender);
            _admins.add(admin);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IAdminControl-revokeAdmin}.
     */
    function revokeAdmin(address admin) external override onlyOwner {
        if (_admins.contains(admin)) {
            emit AdminRevoked(admin, msg.sender);
            _admins.remove(admin);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IAdminControl-isAdmin}.
     */
    function isAdmin(address admin) public override view returns (bool) {
        return (owner() == admin || _admins.contains(admin));
    }

}
// File: node_modules/@manifoldxyz/libraries-solidity/contracts/access/IAdminControl.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for admin control
 */
interface IAdminControl is IERC165 {

    event AdminApproved(address indexed account, address indexed sender);
    event AdminRevoked(address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev gets address of all admins
     */
    function getAdmins() external view returns (address[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev add an admin.  Can only be called by contract owner.
     */
    function approveAdmin(address admin) external;

    /**
     * @dev remove an admin.  Can only be called by contract owner.
     */
    function revokeAdmin(address admin) external;

    /**
     * @dev checks whether or not given address is an admin
     * Returns True if they are
     */
    function isAdmin(address admin) external view returns (bool);

}
// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (security/ReentrancyGuard.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.

    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;

    uint256 private _status;

    constructor() {
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        _nonReentrantBefore();
        _;
        _nonReentrantAfter();
    }

    function _nonReentrantBefore() private {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _status will be _NOT_ENTERED
        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = _ENTERED;
    }

    function _nonReentrantAfter() private {
        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the reentrancy guard is currently set to "entered", which indicates there is a
     * `nonReentrant` function in the call stack.
     */
    function _reentrancyGuardEntered() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _status == _ENTERED;
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Note that the caller is responsible to confirm that the recipient is capable of receiving ERC721
     * or else they may be permanently lost. Usage of {safeTransferFrom} prevents loss, though the caller must
     * understand this adds an external call which potentially creates a reentrancy vulnerability.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(
        address[] calldata accounts,
        uint256[] calldata ids
    ) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/Math.sol";
import "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV // Deprecated in v4.8
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32 message) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, "\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32")
            mstore(0x1c, hash)
            message := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 data) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(ptr, "\x19\x01")
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
            data := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Data with intended validator, created from a
     * `validator` and `data` according to the version 0 of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x00", validator, data));
    }
}

// File: contracts/physicalclaim/IPhysicalClaimCore.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/// @author: manifold.xyz

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * Burn Redeem Core interface
 */
interface IPhysicalClaimCore is IERC165, IERC721Receiver, IERC1155Receiver {
    error InvalidInstance();
    error UnsupportedContractVersion();
    error InvalidToken(uint256);
    error InvalidInput(); // 0xb4fa3fb3
    error InvalidTokenSpec();
    error InvalidBurnSpec();
    error InvalidData();
    error TransferFailure();
    error ContractDeprecated();

    error PhysicalClaimDoesNotExist(uint256);
    error PhysicalClaimInactive(uint256);

    error InvalidBurnAmount(); // 0x2075cc10
    error InvalidRedeemAmount(); // 0x918e94c5
    error InvalidPaymentAmount(); // 0xfc512fde
    error InvalidSignature(); // 0x8baa579f
    error InvalidVariation(); // 0xc674e37c

    /**
     * @notice the validation type used for a `BurnItem`
     * CONTRACT                 any token from a specific contract is valid
     * RANGE                    token IDs within a range (inclusive) are valid
     * MERKLE_TREE              various individual token IDs included in a merkle tree are valid
     * ANY                      any token from any contract
     */
    enum ValidationType { INVALID, CONTRACT, RANGE, MERKLE_TREE, ANY }

    enum TokenSpec { ERC721, ERC1155 }

    enum BurnSpec { NONE, MANIFOLD, OPENZEPPELIN }

    /**
     * @notice a `BurnItem` indicates which tokens are eligible to be burned
     * @param validationType    which type of validation used to check that the burn item is 
     *                          satisfied
     * @param tokenSpec         whether the token is an  or ERC1155
     * @param burnSpec          whether the contract for a token has a `burn` function and, if so,
     *                          what interface
     * @param amount            (only for ERC1155 tokens) the amount (value) required to burn
     * @param minTokenId        (only for RANGE validation) the minimum valid token ID
     * @param maxTokenId        (only for RANGE validation) the maximum valid token ID
     * @param merkleRoot        (only for MERKLE_TREE validation) the root of the merkle tree of
     *                          valid token IDs
     */
    struct BurnItem {
        ValidationType validationType;
        address contractAddress;
        TokenSpec tokenSpec;
        BurnSpec burnSpec;
        uint72 amount;
        uint256 minTokenId;
        uint256 maxTokenId;
        bytes32 merkleRoot;
    }

    /**
     * @param totalSupply      the maximum number of times the variation can be redeemed (0 means no limit)
     * @param redeemedCount    the number of times the variation has been redeemed
     * @param active           whether the variation is active
     */
    struct VariationState {
        uint16 totalSupply;
        uint16 redeemedCount;
        bool active;
    }

    /**
     * @notice a `BurnGroup` is a group of valid `BurnItem`s
     * @param requiredCount     the number of `BurnItem`s (0 < requiredCount <= items.length) that 
     *                          need to be included in a burn
     * @param items             the list of `BurnItem`s
     */
    struct BurnGroup {
        uint256 requiredCount;
        BurnItem[] items;
    }

    /**
     * @notice parameters for burn redeem intialization/updates
     * @param paymentReceiver   the address to forward proceeds from paid burn redeems
     * @param totalSupply       the maximum number of redemptions to redeem (0 for unlimited)
     * @param startDate         the starting time for the burn redeem (0 for immediately)
     * @param endDate           the end time for the burn redeem (0 for never)
     * @param signer            the address of the signer for the transaction details
     * @param burnSet           a list of `BurnGroup`s that must each be satisfied for a burn redeem
     * @param variationLimits        a list of `Variation` ids and limits
     */
    struct PhysicalClaimParameters {
        address payable paymentReceiver;
        uint16 totalSupply;
        uint48 startDate;
        uint48 endDate;
        address signer;
        BurnGroup[] burnSet;
        VariationLimit[] variationLimits;
    }

    /**
     * @notice parameters
     */
    struct VariationLimit {
        uint8 id;
        uint16 totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @notice the state for a physical claim
     * @param paymentReceiver   the address to forward proceeds from paid burn redeems
     * @param redeemedCount     the amount currently redeemed
     * @param totalSupply       the maximum number of redemptions to redeem (0 for unlimited)
     * @param startDate         the starting time for the burn redeem (0 for immediately)
     * @param endDate           the end time for the burn redeem (0 for never)
     * @param signer            the address of the signer for the transaction details
     * @param burnSet           a list of `BurnGroup`s that must each be satisfied for a burn redeem
     * @param variationIds      a list of variation IDs for the redemptions
     * @param variations        a mapping of `Variation`s for the redemptions
     */
    struct PhysicalClaim {
        address payable paymentReceiver;
        uint16 redeemedCount;
        uint16 totalSupply;
        uint48 startDate;
        uint48 endDate;
        address signer;
        BurnGroup[] burnSet;
        uint8[] variationIds;
        mapping(uint8 => VariationState) variations;
    }

    /**
     * @notice the state for a physical claim
     * @param paymentReceiver   the address to forward proceeds from paid burn redeems
     * @param redeemedCount     the amount currently redeemed
     * @param totalSupply       the maximum number of redemptions to redeem (0 for unlimited)
     * @param startDate         the starting time for the burn redeem (0 for immediately)
     * @param endDate           the end time for the burn redeem (0 for never)
     * @param signer            the address of the signer for the transaction details
     * @param burnSet           a list of `BurnGroup`s that must each be satisfied for a burn redeem
     * @param variationIds      a list of variation IDs for the redemptions
     * @param variations        a mapping of `Variation`s for the redemptions
     */
    struct PhysicalClaimView {
        address payable paymentReceiver;
        uint16 redeemedCount;
        uint16 totalSupply;
        uint48 startDate;
        uint48 endDate;
        address signer;
        BurnGroup[] burnSet;
        VariationState[] variationStates;
    }

    /**
     * @notice a submission for a physical claim
     * @param instanceId            the instanceId of the physical claim
     * @param count                 the number of times to perform a claim for this instance
     * @param currentClaimCount     the current number of times the physical claim has been redeemed
     * @param variation             the variation to redeem
     * @param data                  the data for the transaction
     * @param signature             the signature for the transaction
     * @param message               the message for the transaction
     * @param nonce                 the nonce for the transaction
     * @param totalCost             the total cost for the transaction
     * @param burnTokens            the tokens to burn
     */
    struct PhysicalClaimSubmission {
        uint56 instanceId;
        uint16 count;
        uint16 currentClaimCount;
        uint8 variation;
        bytes data;
        bytes signature;
        bytes32 message;
        bytes32 nonce;
        uint256 totalCost;
        BurnToken[] burnTokens;
    }

    /**
     * @notice a pointer to a `BurnItem` in a `BurnGroup` used in calls to `burnRedeem`
     * @param groupIndex        the index of the `BurnGroup` in `PhysicalClaim.burnSet`
     * @param itemIndex         the index of the `BurnItem` in `BurnGroup.items`
     * @param contractAddress   the address of the contract for the token
     * @param id                the token ID
     * @param merkleProof       the merkle proof for the token ID (only for MERKLE_TREE validation)
     */
    struct BurnToken {
        uint48 groupIndex;
        uint48 itemIndex;
        address contractAddress;
        uint256 id;
        bytes32[] merkleProof;
    }

    /**
     * @notice get a physical claim corresponding to an instanceId
     * @param instanceId                the instanceId of the physical claim
     * @return PhysicalClaim            the physical claim object
     */
    function getPhysicalClaim(uint256 instanceId) external view returns(PhysicalClaimView memory);

    /**
     * @notice gets the number of redemptions for a physical claim for a given redeemer
     * @param instanceId           the instanceId of the physical claim
     * @return redeemer            the address who redeemed
     */
    function getRedemptions(uint256 instanceId, address redeemer) external view returns(uint256);

    /**
     * @notice gets the redemption state for a physical claim for a given variation
     * @param instanceId           the instanceId of the physical claim
     * @param variation            the variation
     * @return VariationState      the max and available for the variation
     */
    function getVariationState(uint256 instanceId, uint8 variation) external view returns(VariationState memory);

    /**
     * @notice burn tokens and physical claims multiple times in a single transaction
     * @param submissions               the submissions for the physical claims
     */
    function burnRedeem(PhysicalClaimSubmission[] calldata submissions) external payable;
    
    /**
     * @notice recover a token that was sent to the contract without safeTransferFrom
     * @param tokenAddress              the address of the token contract
     * @param tokenId                   the id of the token
     * @param destination               the address to send the token to
     */
    function recover(address tokenAddress, uint256 tokenId, address destination) external;
}

// File: contracts/physicalclaim/Interfaces.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

interface Burnable721 {
    function burn(uint256 tokenId) external;
}

interface OZBurnable1155 {
    function burn(address account, uint256 id, uint256 value) external;
}

interface Manifold1155 {
    function burn(address account, uint256[] memory tokenIds, uint256[] memory amounts) external;
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.2) (utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev These functions deal with verification of Merkle Tree proofs.
 *
 * The tree and the proofs can be generated using our
 * https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/merkle-tree[JavaScript library].
 * You will find a quickstart guide in the readme.
 *
 * WARNING: You should avoid using leaf values that are 64 bytes long prior to
 * hashing, or use a hash function other than keccak256 for hashing leaves.
 * This is because the concatenation of a sorted pair of internal nodes in
 * the merkle tree could be reinterpreted as a leaf value.
 * OpenZeppelin's JavaScript library generates merkle trees that are safe
 * against this attack out of the box.
 */
library MerkleProof {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if a `leaf` can be proved to be a part of a Merkle tree
     * defined by `root`. For this, a `proof` must be provided, containing
     * sibling hashes on the branch from the leaf to the root of the tree. Each
     * pair of leaves and each pair of pre-images are assumed to be sorted.
     */
    function verify(bytes32[] memory proof, bytes32 root, bytes32 leaf) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return processProof(proof, leaf) == root;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calldata version of {verify}
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function verifyCalldata(bytes32[] calldata proof, bytes32 root, bytes32 leaf) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return processProofCalldata(proof, leaf) == root;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the rebuilt hash obtained by traversing a Merkle tree up
     * from `leaf` using `proof`. A `proof` is valid if and only if the rebuilt
     * hash matches the root of the tree. When processing the proof, the pairs
     * of leafs & pre-images are assumed to be sorted.
     *
     * _Available since v4.4._
     */
    function processProof(bytes32[] memory proof, bytes32 leaf) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        bytes32 computedHash = leaf;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proof.length; i++) {
            computedHash = _hashPair(computedHash, proof[i]);
        }
        return computedHash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calldata version of {processProof}
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function processProofCalldata(bytes32[] calldata proof, bytes32 leaf) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        bytes32 computedHash = leaf;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proof.length; i++) {
            computedHash = _hashPair(computedHash, proof[i]);
        }
        return computedHash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the `leaves` can be simultaneously proven to be a part of a merkle tree defined by
     * `root`, according to `proof` and `proofFlags` as described in {processMultiProof}.
     *
     * CAUTION: Not all merkle trees admit multiproofs. See {processMultiProof} for details.
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function multiProofVerify(
        bytes32[] memory proof,
        bool[] memory proofFlags,
        bytes32 root,
        bytes32[] memory leaves
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return processMultiProof(proof, proofFlags, leaves) == root;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calldata version of {multiProofVerify}
     *
     * CAUTION: Not all merkle trees admit multiproofs. See {processMultiProof} for details.
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function multiProofVerifyCalldata(
        bytes32[] calldata proof,
        bool[] calldata proofFlags,
        bytes32 root,
        bytes32[] memory leaves
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return processMultiProofCalldata(proof, proofFlags, leaves) == root;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the root of a tree reconstructed from `leaves` and sibling nodes in `proof`. The reconstruction
     * proceeds by incrementally reconstructing all inner nodes by combining a leaf/inner node with either another
     * leaf/inner node or a proof sibling node, depending on whether each `proofFlags` item is true or false
     * respectively.
     *
     * CAUTION: Not all merkle trees admit multiproofs. To use multiproofs, it is sufficient to ensure that: 1) the tree
     * is complete (but not necessarily perfect), 2) the leaves to be proven are in the opposite order they are in the
     * tree (i.e., as seen from right to left starting at the deepest layer and continuing at the next layer).
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function processMultiProof(
        bytes32[] memory proof,
        bool[] memory proofFlags,
        bytes32[] memory leaves
    ) internal pure returns (bytes32 merkleRoot) {
        // This function rebuilds the root hash by traversing the tree up from the leaves. The root is rebuilt by
        // consuming and producing values on a queue. The queue starts with the `leaves` array, then goes onto the
        // `hashes` array. At the end of the process, the last hash in the `hashes` array should contain the root of
        // the merkle tree.
        uint256 leavesLen = leaves.length;
        uint256 proofLen = proof.length;
        uint256 totalHashes = proofFlags.length;

        // Check proof validity.
        require(leavesLen + proofLen - 1 == totalHashes, "MerkleProof: invalid multiproof");

        // The xxxPos values are "pointers" to the next value to consume in each array. All accesses are done using
        // `xxx[xxxPos++]`, which return the current value and increment the pointer, thus mimicking a queue's "pop".
        bytes32[] memory hashes = new bytes32[](totalHashes);
        uint256 leafPos = 0;
        uint256 hashPos = 0;
        uint256 proofPos = 0;
        // At each step, we compute the next hash using two values:
        // - a value from the "main queue". If not all leaves have been consumed, we get the next leaf, otherwise we
        //   get the next hash.
        // - depending on the flag, either another value from the "main queue" (merging branches) or an element from the
        //   `proof` array.
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < totalHashes; i++) {
            bytes32 a = leafPos < leavesLen ? leaves[leafPos++] : hashes[hashPos++];
            bytes32 b = proofFlags[i]
                ? (leafPos < leavesLen ? leaves[leafPos++] : hashes[hashPos++])
                : proof[proofPos++];
            hashes[i] = _hashPair(a, b);
        }

        if (totalHashes > 0) {
            require(proofPos == proofLen, "MerkleProof: invalid multiproof");
            unchecked {
                return hashes[totalHashes - 1];
            }
        } else if (leavesLen > 0) {
            return leaves[0];
        } else {
            return proof[0];
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calldata version of {processMultiProof}.
     *
     * CAUTION: Not all merkle trees admit multiproofs. See {processMultiProof} for details.
     *
     * _Available since v4.7._
     */
    function processMultiProofCalldata(
        bytes32[] calldata proof,
        bool[] calldata proofFlags,
        bytes32[] memory leaves
    ) internal pure returns (bytes32 merkleRoot) {
        // This function rebuilds the root hash by traversing the tree up from the leaves. The root is rebuilt by
        // consuming and producing values on a queue. The queue starts with the `leaves` array, then goes onto the
        // `hashes` array. At the end of the process, the last hash in the `hashes` array should contain the root of
        // the merkle tree.
        uint256 leavesLen = leaves.length;
        uint256 proofLen = proof.length;
        uint256 totalHashes = proofFlags.length;

        // Check proof validity.
        require(leavesLen + proofLen - 1 == totalHashes, "MerkleProof: invalid multiproof");

        // The xxxPos values are "pointers" to the next value to consume in each array. All accesses are done using
        // `xxx[xxxPos++]`, which return the current value and increment the pointer, thus mimicking a queue's "pop".
        bytes32[] memory hashes = new bytes32[](totalHashes);
        uint256 leafPos = 0;
        uint256 hashPos = 0;
        uint256 proofPos = 0;
        // At each step, we compute the next hash using two values:
        // - a value from the "main queue". If not all leaves have been consumed, we get the next leaf, otherwise we
        //   get the next hash.
        // - depending on the flag, either another value from the "main queue" (merging branches) or an element from the
        //   `proof` array.
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < totalHashes; i++) {
            bytes32 a = leafPos < leavesLen ? leaves[leafPos++] : hashes[hashPos++];
            bytes32 b = proofFlags[i]
                ? (leafPos < leavesLen ? leaves[leafPos++] : hashes[hashPos++])
                : proof[proofPos++];
            hashes[i] = _hashPair(a, b);
        }

        if (totalHashes > 0) {
            require(proofPos == proofLen, "MerkleProof: invalid multiproof");
            unchecked {
                return hashes[totalHashes - 1];
            }
        } else if (leavesLen > 0) {
            return leaves[0];
        } else {
            return proof[0];
        }
    }

    function _hashPair(bytes32 a, bytes32 b) private pure returns (bytes32) {
        return a < b ? _efficientHash(a, b) : _efficientHash(b, a);
    }

    function _efficientHash(bytes32 a, bytes32 b) private pure returns (bytes32 value) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, a)
            mstore(0x20, b)
            value := keccak256(0x00, 0x40)
        }
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/EnumerableSet.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for managing
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(abstract_data_type)[sets] of primitive
 * types.
 *
 * Sets have the following properties:
 *
 * - Elements are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time
 * (O(1)).
 * - Elements are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering.
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract Example {
 *     // Add the library methods
 *     using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
 *
 *     // Declare a set state variable
 *     EnumerableSet.AddressSet private mySet;
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * As of v3.3.0, sets of type `bytes32` (`Bytes32Set`), `address` (`AddressSet`)
 * and `uint256` (`UintSet`) are supported.
 *
 * [WARNING]
 * ====
 * Trying to delete such a structure from storage will likely result in data corruption, rendering the structure
 * unusable.
 * See https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/11843[ethereum/solidity#11843] for more info.
 *
 * In order to clean an EnumerableSet, you can either remove all elements one by one or create a fresh instance using an
 * array of EnumerableSet.
 * ====
 */
library EnumerableSet {
    // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code
    // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Set type with
    // bytes32 values.
    // The Set implementation uses private functions, and user-facing
    // implementations (such as AddressSet) are just wrappers around the
    // underlying Set.
    // This means that we can only create new EnumerableSets for types that fit
    // in bytes32.

    struct Set {
        // Storage of set values
        bytes32[] _values;
        // Position of the value in the `values` array, plus 1 because index 0
        // means a value is not in the set.
        mapping(bytes32 => uint256) _indexes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function _add(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        if (!_contains(set, value)) {
            set._values.push(value);
            // The value is stored at length-1, but we add 1 to all indexes
            // and use 0 as a sentinel value
            set._indexes[value] = set._values.length;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function _remove(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        // We read and store the value's index to prevent multiple reads from the same storage slot
        uint256 valueIndex = set._indexes[value];

        if (valueIndex != 0) {
            // Equivalent to contains(set, value)
            // To delete an element from the _values array in O(1), we swap the element to delete with the last one in
            // the array, and then remove the last element (sometimes called as 'swap and pop').
            // This modifies the order of the array, as noted in {at}.

            uint256 toDeleteIndex = valueIndex - 1;
            uint256 lastIndex = set._values.length - 1;

            if (lastIndex != toDeleteIndex) {
                bytes32 lastValue = set._values[lastIndex];

                // Move the last value to the index where the value to delete is
                set._values[toDeleteIndex] = lastValue;
                // Update the index for the moved value
                set._indexes[lastValue] = valueIndex; // Replace lastValue's index to valueIndex
            }

            // Delete the slot where the moved value was stored
            set._values.pop();

            // Delete the index for the deleted slot
            delete set._indexes[value];

            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function _contains(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private view returns (bool) {
        return set._indexes[value] != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function _length(Set storage set) private view returns (uint256) {
        return set._values.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function _at(Set storage set, uint256 index) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return set._values[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function _values(Set storage set) private view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return set._values;
    }

    // Bytes32Set

    struct Bytes32Set {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32Set storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return _at(set._inner, index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        bytes32[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // AddressSet

    struct AddressSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(AddressSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(_at(set._inner, index))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (address[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        address[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // UintSet

    struct UintSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_at(set._inner, index));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        uint256[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SignedMath.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
interface IERC721Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
     * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
     *
     * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector`.
     */
    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
     * @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}