// File: /contracts/RegionCollectible.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

import "./BDERC1155Tradable.sol";
import "./LibRegion.sol";
import "./IWarrior.sol";

//Import ERC1155 standard for utilizing FAME tokens
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/utils/ERC1155Holder.sol";

/**
 * @title RegionCollectible
 * RegionCollectible - The contract for managing BattleDrome Region NFTs
 */

contract RegionCollectible is BDERC1155Tradable, ERC1155Holder {
    using LibRegion for LibRegion.region;

    mapping(uint256 => LibRegion.region) regions;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) locationOfWarrior;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256[]) warriorsAtLocation;
    mapping(string => bool) regionNames;
    mapping(string => uint256) regionsByName;
    mapping(address => bool) trustedContracts;

    uint256 currentRegionCount;
    uint256 currentRegionPricingCounter;

    IERC1155 FAMEContract;
    IWarrior WarriorContract;
    uint256 FAMETokenID;
    uint256 regionTaxDivisor;

    constructor(address _proxyRegistryAddress)
        BDERC1155Tradable(
            "RegionCollectible",
            "BDR",
            _proxyRegistryAddress,
            "https://metadata.battledrome.io/api/erc1155-region/"
        )
    {}

    function contractURI() public pure returns (string memory) {
        return "https://metadata.battledrome.io/contract/erc1155-region";
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Modifiers
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    modifier onlyTrustedContracts() {
        //Check that the message came from a Trusted Contract
        require(trustedContracts[msg.sender]);
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyOwnersOrTrustedContracts(uint256 regionID) {
        //Check that the message either came from an owner, or a trusted contract
        require(
            balanceOf(msg.sender, regionID) > 0 || trustedContracts[msg.sender]
        );
        _;
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Events
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    event RegionAltered(uint64 indexed region, uint32 timeStamp);
    event RegionCreated(
        uint64 indexed region,
        address indexed owner,
        uint64 price,
        uint32 timeStamp
    );
    event RegionSold(
        uint64 indexed region,
        address indexed owner,
        uint64 price,
        uint32 timeStamp
    );
    event RegionBought(
        uint64 indexed region,
        address indexed owner,
        uint64 price,
        uint32 timeStamp
    );

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Region Factory
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    //Standard factory function, allowing minting regions.
    function internalCreateRegion() internal returns (uint256 theNewRegion) {
        //Generate a new random seed for the region
        uint256 randomSeed = uint256(blockhash(block.number - 1)); //YES WE KNOW this isn't truely random. it's predictable, and vulnerable to malicious miners...
        //Doesn't actually matter in this case. That's all ok. It's only for generating cosmetics etc...

        //Calculate new Token ID for minting
        uint256 _id = _getNextTokenID();
        _incrementTokenTypeId();

        //Log the original creator of this region
        creators[_id] = msg.sender;

        //Generate a new region metadata structure, and add it to the regions array
        regions[_id].initialize(msg.sender, randomSeed);
        if (currentRegionCount > 0) {
            generateInitialRegionConnections(_id);
        }

        //Mint the new token in the ledger
        _mint(msg.sender, _id, 1, "");
        tokenSupply[_id] = 1;
        currentRegionCount += 1;

        //Return new region index
        return _id;
    }

    function trustedCreateRegion()
        public
        onlyTrustedContracts
        returns (uint256 theNewRegion)
    {
        uint256 _id = internalCreateRegion();

        emit RegionCreated(uint64(_id), msg.sender, 0, uint32(block.timestamp));
        return _id;
    }

    function newRegion() public returns (uint256 theNewRegion) {
        //Calculate the fee:
        uint256 regionFee = getRegionCost(0);

        //Take fee from the owner
        transferFAME(msg.sender, address(this), regionFee);

        uint256 _id = internalCreateRegion();

        //Process the paid fee for this region
        processRegionCreationFee(_id, regionFee);

        currentRegionPricingCounter += 1;

        emit RegionCreated(
            uint64(_id),
            msg.sender,
            uint64(regionFee),
            uint32(block.timestamp)
        );
        return _id;
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // ERC1155 Overrides Functions
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function safeTransferFrom(
        address _from,
        address _to,
        uint256 _id,
        uint256 _amount,
        bytes memory _data
    ) public override {
        super.safeTransferFrom(_from, _to, _id, _amount, _data);
        regions[_id].header.owner = _to;
    }

    function internalTransferFrom(
        address _from,
        address _to,
        uint256 _id,
        uint256 _amount,
        bytes memory _data
    ) internal {
        super._safeTransferFrom(_from, _to, _id, _amount, _data);
        regions[_id].header.owner = _to;
    }

    function onERC1155Received(
        address _operator,
        address _from,
        uint256 _id,
        uint256 _amount,
        bytes calldata _data
    ) public override returns (bytes4) {
        require(
            (msg.sender == address(FAMEContract) && _id == FAMETokenID) ||
                msg.sender == address(this),
            "INVALID_TOKEN!"
        );
        return super.onERC1155Received(_operator, _from, _id, _amount, _data);
    }

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override(BDERC1155Tradable, ERC1155Receiver)
        returns (bool)
    {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // General Utility Functions
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function processRegionCreationFee(uint256 regionID, uint256 feeAmount)
        internal
    {
        //Withhold half, in order to bank for buyback
        uint256 withheld = feeAmount / 2;
        //Send the rest to the region purse
        FAMEToRegion(regionID, feeAmount - withheld, false);
    }

    function touch(uint256 regionID) internal {
        emit RegionAltered(uint64(regionID), uint32(block.timestamp));
    }

    function setFAMEContractAddress(address newContract) public onlyOwner {
        FAMEContract = IERC1155(newContract);
    }

    function setWarriorContractAddress(address newContract) public onlyOwner {
        WarriorContract = IWarrior(newContract);
    }

    function setFAMETokenID(uint256 id) public onlyOwner {
        FAMETokenID = id;
    }

    function setRegionTaxDivisor(uint256 divisor) public onlyOwner {
        regionTaxDivisor = divisor;
    }

    function transferFAME(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal {
        FAMEContract.safeTransferFrom(
            sender,
            recipient,
            FAMETokenID,
            amount,
            ""
        );
    }

    function FAMEToRegion(
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bool tax
    ) internal {
        uint256 taxAmount = tax ? amount / regionTaxDivisor : 0;
        if (tax && taxAmount <= 0) taxAmount = 1;
        regions[id].header.balance += (amount - taxAmount);
        if (taxAmount > 0)
            transferFAME(address(this), regions[id].header.owner, taxAmount);
    }

    function getRegionIDByName(string memory name)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return regionsByName[name];
    }

    function nameExists(string memory _name) public view returns (bool) {
        return regionNames[_name] == true;
    }

    function setName(uint256 regionID, string memory name)
        public
        ownersOnly(regionID)
    {
        //Check if the name is unique
        require(!nameExists(name));
        //Set the name
        regions[regionID].header.bytesName = LibRegion.stringToBytes32(name);
        //Add region's name to index
        regionNames[name] = true;
        regionsByName[name] = regionID;
        touch(regionID);
    }

    function addTrustedContract(address trustee) public onlyOwner {
        trustedContracts[trustee] = true;
    }

    function removeTrustedContract(address trustee) public onlyOwner {
        trustedContracts[trustee] = false;
    }

    function canConnectInternal(uint256 regionIDA, uint256 regionIDB)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        uint8 maxConnections = LibRegion.getMaxConnectionCount();
        return (regions[regionIDA].connections.length < maxConnections &&
            regions[regionIDB].connections.length < maxConnections);
    }

    function addConnectionInternal(uint256 regionIDA, uint256 regionIDB)
        internal
    {
        //Need to make sure reciprocal connection is made.
        regions[regionIDA].addConnection(regionIDB);
        regions[regionIDB].addConnection(regionIDA);
    }

    function generateInitialRegionConnections(uint256 regionID) internal {
        LibRegion.region storage r = regions[regionID];
        uint256 counter = 0;
        while (r.needsAnotherConnection()) {
            uint256 targetRegionID = (LibRegion.random(
                r.header.seed,
                counter++
            ) % currentRegionCount) + 1;
            if (canConnectInternal(regionID, targetRegionID))
                addConnectionInternal(regionID, targetRegionID);
        }
    }

    function incrementCurrentRegionPricingCounter()
        public
        onlyTrustedContracts
    {
        currentRegionPricingCounter++;
    }

    function decrementCurrentRegionPricingCounter()
        public
        onlyTrustedContracts
    {
        currentRegionPricingCounter--;
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Basic Getters
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function getCurrentRegionCount() public view returns (uint256) {
        return currentRegionCount;
    }

    function getCurrentRegionPricingCounter() public view returns (uint256) {
        return currentRegionPricingCounter;
    }

    function ownerOf(uint256 _id) public view returns (address) {
        return regions[_id].header.owner;
    }

    function getRegionCost(int256 offset) public view returns (uint256) {
        return
            LibRegion.getRegionCost(
                uint256(int256(currentRegionPricingCounter) + offset)
            );
    }

    function getRegionName(uint256 regionID)
        public
        view
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return regions[regionID].getName();
    }

    function getRegionHeader(uint256 regionID)
        public
        view
        returns (LibRegion.regionHeader memory)
    {
        return regions[regionID].header;
    }

    function getRandomProperty(uint256 regionID, string memory propertyIndex)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return regions[regionID].getRandomProperty(propertyIndex);
    }

    function getRegionConfig(uint256 regionID, uint256 configIndex)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return regions[regionID].config[configIndex];
    }

    function getRegionConnections(uint256 regionID)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        return regions[regionID].connections;
    }

    function getRegionConnectionCount(uint256 regionID)
        public
        view
        returns (uint16)
    {
        return uint16(regions[regionID].connections.length);
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Transaction/Payment Handling
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function payRegion(
        uint256 regionID,
        uint256 amount,
        bool tax
    ) public {
        //Take sent amount from msg.sender
        transferFAME(msg.sender, address(this), amount);
        //Transfer the paid amount to the region
        FAMEToRegion(regionID, amount, tax);
        //And alert of an update to the region:
        touch(regionID);
    }

    function transferFAMEFromRegionToRegion(
        uint256 senderID,
        uint256 recipientID,
        uint256 amount,
        bool tax
    ) public onlyTrustedContracts {
        require(regions[senderID].header.balance >= amount);
        regions[senderID].header.balance -= amount;
        FAMEToRegion(recipientID, amount, tax);
        touch(senderID);
        touch(recipientID);
    }

    function transferFAMEFromWarriorToRegion(
        uint256 warriorID,
        uint256 regionID,
        uint256 amount
    ) public onlyTrustedContracts {
        WarriorContract.transferFAMEFromWarriorToAddress(
            warriorID,
            address(this),
            amount
        );
        FAMEToRegion(regionID, amount, true);
        touch(regionID);
    }

    function transferFAMEFromRegionToWarrior(
        uint256 regionID,
        uint256 warriorID,
        uint256 amount
    ) public onlyTrustedContracts {
        require(regions[regionID].header.balance >= amount);
        regions[regionID].header.balance -= amount;
        WarriorContract.payWarrior(warriorID, amount, true);
        touch(regionID);
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Buy/Sell of regions
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    function sellRegion(uint256 regionID) public ownersOnly(regionID) {
        //Calculate the payout:
        uint256 regionPayout = getRegionCost(-1) / 2;

        //Take ownership of the region from the seller
        internalTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), regionID, 1, "");

        //Decrement the region pricing counter
        currentRegionPricingCounter -= 1;

        //Pay the Seller
        transferFAME(address(this), msg.sender, regionPayout);

        //Emit the event
        emit RegionSold(
            uint64(regionID),
            msg.sender,
            uint64(regionPayout),
            uint32(block.timestamp)
        );
    }

    function buyRegion(uint256 regionID) public {
        //Only allow buying a region that is for sale (owned by this contract)
        require(
            regions[regionID].header.owner == address(this),
            "REGION NOT FOR SALE!"
        );

        //Calculate the fee:
        uint256 regionFee = getRegionCost(0);

        //Take fee from the buyer
        transferFAME(msg.sender, address(this), regionFee);

        //Process the paid fee for this region
        processRegionCreationFee(regionID, regionFee);

        //Increment the region pricing counter
        currentRegionPricingCounter += 1;

        //Assign the region to the buyer
        internalTransferFrom(address(this), msg.sender, regionID, 1, "");

        //Emit the event
        emit RegionBought(
            uint64(regionID),
            msg.sender,
            uint64(regionFee),
            uint32(block.timestamp)
        );
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Master Setters for Updating Metadata store on Region NFTs
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function setRegionDescription(uint256 regionID, string memory description)
        public
        ownersOnly(regionID)
    {
        regions[regionID].header.description = description;
    }

    function setRegionLinkURL(uint256 regionID, string memory url)
        public
        ownersOnly(regionID)
    {
        regions[regionID].header.linkURL = url;
    }

    function setMetaURL(uint256 regionID, string memory url)
        public
        ownersOnly(regionID)
    {
        regions[regionID].header.regionMetaURL = url;
    }

    function setConfig(
        uint256 regionID,
        uint256 index,
        uint256 value
    ) public onlyOwnersOrTrustedContracts(regionID) {
        regions[regionID].config[index] = value;
    }
}

// File: /contracts/LibRegion.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

library LibRegion {
	
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Config
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    
    //Costing Config
    uint constant regionCostBase = 100;
    uint constant initialGrowthOffset = 5;
    uint constant regionGrowthExponent = 2;
    uint constant fakePercentMultiplier = 10000;
    uint constant fakePercent = 2000; //fakePercentMultiplier * 20%
    //With these numbers, the result should be roughly:
    //region 1 - 500 fame
    //region 2 - 720 fame
    //region 3 - 980 fame
    //region 4 - 1280 fame
    //region 5 - 1620 fame
    //region 6 - 2000 fame
    //region 7 - 2420 fame
    //region 8 - 2880 fame
    //region 9 - 3380 fame
    //and so on, up to 216,320 fame for region 100

    //Value Constraints
    uint8 constant minConnections = 1;
    uint8 constant maxConnections = 8;

    //Misc Config
    uint8 constant connectionChancePercent = 25;

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Enums
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Structs
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    struct regionHeader {
        address owner;
        bytes32 bytesName;
        string description;
        string linkURL;
        string regionMetaURL;
        uint seed;
        uint balance;
        uint32 creationTime;
    }

    struct region {
        regionHeader header;
        uint[] connections;
        mapping(uint=>uint) config;
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Constructors/Initializers
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function initialize(region storage r, address owner, uint randomSeed) public {
        r.header = regionHeader(
            owner,                      //Owner
            bytes32(0),                 //Name (in Bytes32 format)
            "",                         //Description
            "",                         //Link URL
            "",                         //RegionMetaURL
            random(randomSeed,1),       //Random Seed
            0,                          //Starting Balance
            uint32(block.timestamp)     //Creation Time
        );
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Utilities
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function random(uint seeda, uint seedb) public pure returns (uint) {
        return uint(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(seeda,seedb)));  
    }

	function stringToBytes32(string memory source) public pure returns (bytes32 result) {
        bytes memory tempEmptyStringTest = bytes(source);
        if (tempEmptyStringTest.length == 0) {
            return 0x0;
        }

        assembly {
            result := mload(add(source, 32))
        }
    }

    function bytes32ToString(bytes32 source) public pure returns (string memory result) {
        uint8 len = 32;
        uint8 i = 0;
        for(i=0;i<32;i++){
            if(source[i]==0){
                len = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        bytes memory bytesArray = new bytes(len);
        for (i=0;i<len;i++) {
            bytesArray[i] = source[i];
        }
        result = string(bytesArray);
    }

    function getMinConnectionCount() public pure returns (uint8) {
        return minConnections;
    }
    
    function getMaxConnectionCount() public pure returns (uint8) {
        return maxConnections;
    }

    function getConnectionChancePercent() public pure returns (uint8) {
        return connectionChancePercent;
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Derivation / Calaculation Pure Functions
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function getRandomProperty(region storage r, string memory propertyKey) public view returns (uint) {
        uint idx = uint(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(propertyKey)));
        return random(r.header.seed,idx);
    }

    function getName(region storage r) public view returns(string memory name) {
        name = bytes32ToString(r.header.bytesName);
    }

    function needsAnotherConnection(region storage r) public view returns(bool) {
        if(r.connections.length<minConnections){
            return true;
        }else{
            uint8 roll = uint8(random(r.header.seed,r.connections.length)%100);
            return roll<connectionChancePercent;
        }
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Costing Getters
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function getRegionCost(uint regionCounter) public pure returns(uint) {
        return (((regionCounter+initialGrowthOffset)**regionGrowthExponent)*(regionCostBase*fakePercent))/fakePercentMultiplier;
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Setters
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    function setName(region storage r, string memory name) public {
        require(r.header.bytesName==bytes32(0));
        r.header.bytesName = stringToBytes32(name);
    }

    function addConnection(region storage r, uint connectionID) public {
        r.connections.push(connectionID);
    }

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Buying Things
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // Actions/Activities/Effects
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

}
// File: /contracts/IWarrior.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

interface IWarrior {
	function newWarrior() external returns(uint theNewWarrior);
    function getWarriorIDByName(string calldata name) external view returns(uint);
    function nameExists(string calldata _name) external view returns(bool);
    function setName(uint warriorID, string calldata name) external;
    function ownerOf(uint _id) external view returns(address);
    function getWarriorCost() external pure returns(uint);
    function getWarriorName(uint warriorID) external view returns(string memory);
	function payWarrior(uint warriorID, uint amount, bool tax) external;
    function transferFAMEFromWarriorToWarrior(uint senderID, uint recipientID, uint amount, bool tax) external;
    function transferFAMEFromWarriorToAddress(uint warriorID, address recipient, uint amount) external;
}
// File: /contracts/BDERC1155Tradable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;

//import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/ownership/Ownable.sol";
//import 'multi-token-standard/contracts/tokens/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol';
//import 'multi-token-standard/contracts/tokens/ERC1155/ERC1155Metadata.sol';
//import 'multi-token-standard/contracts/tokens/ERC1155/ERC1155MintBurn.sol';
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/presets/ERC1155PresetMinterPauser.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";

contract OwnableDelegateProxy {}

contract ProxyRegistry {
    mapping(address => OwnableDelegateProxy) public proxies;
}

/**
 * @title BDERC1155Tradable
 * BDERC1155Tradable - BattleDrome ERC1155 contract that whitelists an operator address, has create and mint functionality, and supports useful standards from OpenZeppelin,
  like _exists(), name(), symbol(), and totalSupply()
 */
contract BDERC1155Tradable is ERC1155PresetMinterPauser, Ownable {
    using Strings for string;

    address proxyRegistryAddress;
    uint256 private _currentTokenID = 0;
    mapping(uint256 => address) public creators;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) public tokenSupply;
    // Contract name
    string public name;
    // Contract symbol
    string public symbol;
    //Metadata URI (for backwards compat with old code, overrides URI functionality from openzeppelin)
    string public baseMetadataURI;

    /**
     * @dev Require msg.sender to be the creator of the token id
     */
    modifier creatorOnly(uint256 _id) {
        require(
            creators[_id] == msg.sender,
            "ERC1155Tradable#creatorOnly: ONLY_CREATOR_ALLOWED"
        );
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Require msg.sender to own more than 0 of the token id
     */
    modifier ownersOnly(uint256 _id) {
        require(
            balanceOf(msg.sender, _id) > 0,
            "ERC1155Tradable#ownersOnly: ONLY_OWNERS_ALLOWED"
        );
        _;
    }

    constructor(
        string memory _name,
        string memory _symbol,
        address _proxyRegistryAddress,
        string memory _metadataURI
    ) ERC1155PresetMinterPauser(_metadataURI) {
        name = _name;
        symbol = _symbol;
        proxyRegistryAddress = _proxyRegistryAddress;
        _setBaseMetadataURI(_metadataURI);
    }

    function uri(uint256 _id) public view override returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(_id), "ERC721Tradable#uri: NONEXISTENT_TOKEN");
        return string(abi.encodePacked(baseMetadataURI, Strings.toString(_id)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total quantity for a token ID
     * @param _id uint256 ID of the token to query
     * @return amount of token in existence
     */
    function totalSupply(uint256 _id) public view returns (uint256) {
        return tokenSupply[_id];
    }

    function _setBaseMetadataURI(string memory _newBaseMetadataURI) internal {
        baseMetadataURI = _newBaseMetadataURI;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Will update the base URL of token's URI
     * @param _newBaseMetadataURI New base URL of token's URI
     */
    function setBaseMetadataURI(string memory _newBaseMetadataURI)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        _setBaseMetadataURI(_newBaseMetadataURI);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a new token type and assigns _initialSupply to an address
     * NOTE: remove onlyOwner if you want third parties to create new tokens on your contract (which may change your IDs)
     * @param _initialOwner address of the first owner of the token
     * @param _initialSupply amount to supply the first owner
     * @param _uri Optional URI for this token type
     * @param _data Data to pass if receiver is contract
     * @return The newly created token ID
     */
    function create(
        address _initialOwner,
        uint256 _initialSupply,
        string calldata _uri,
        bytes calldata _data
    ) external onlyOwner returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _id = _getNextTokenID();
        _incrementTokenTypeId();
        creators[_id] = msg.sender;

        if (bytes(_uri).length > 0) {
            emit URI(_uri, _id);
        }

        _mint(_initialOwner, _id, _initialSupply, _data);
        tokenSupply[_id] = _initialSupply;
        return _id;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints some amount of tokens to an address
     * @param _to          Address of the future owner of the token
     * @param _id          Token ID to mint
     * @param _quantity    Amount of tokens to mint
     * @param _data        Data to pass if receiver is contract
     */
    function mint(
        address _to,
        uint256 _id,
        uint256 _quantity,
        bytes memory _data
    ) public override creatorOnly(_id) {
        _mint(_to, _id, _quantity, _data);
        tokenSupply[_id] = tokenSupply[_id] + _quantity;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mint tokens for each id in _ids
     * @param _to          The address to mint tokens to
     * @param _ids         Array of ids to mint
     * @param _quantities  Array of amounts of tokens to mint per id
     * @param _data        Data to pass if receiver is contract
     */
    function batchMint(
        address _to,
        uint256[] memory _ids,
        uint256[] memory _quantities,
        bytes memory _data
    ) public {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 _id = _ids[i];
            require(
                creators[_id] == msg.sender,
                "ERC1155Tradable#batchMint: ONLY_CREATOR_ALLOWED"
            );
            uint256 quantity = _quantities[i];
            tokenSupply[_id] = tokenSupply[_id] + quantity;
        }
        _mintBatch(_to, _ids, _quantities, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the creator address for given tokens
     * @param _to   Address of the new creator
     * @param _ids  Array of Token IDs to change creator
     */
    function setCreator(address _to, uint256[] memory _ids) public {
        require(
            _to != address(0),
            "ERC1155Tradable#setCreator: INVALID_ADDRESS."
        );
        require(
            _ids.length>0,
            "ERC1155Tradeable#setCreator: EMPTY_ARRAY"
        );
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 id = _ids[i];
            _setCreator(_to, id);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Override isApprovedForAll to whitelist user's OpenSea proxy accounts to enable gas-free listings.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address _owner, address _operator)
        public
        view
        override
        returns (bool isOperator)
    {
        //TODO: FAILING HERE ON REGION SALE
        //Failing from inside the transferFAME function (inside safeTransferFrom in the FAME contract itself)
        //When being called by the Region contract as the operator
        //With the user being the owner.
        //WHY!?!?!?

        //Ideas:
        //  Look into the proxy contract, this code is throwing a revert and the debugger seems non-specific
        //  Pour over this again with debugger a couple times

        // Whitelist OpenSea proxy contract for easy trading.
        ProxyRegistry proxyRegistry = ProxyRegistry(proxyRegistryAddress);
        if (address(proxyRegistry.proxies(_owner)) == _operator) {
            return true;
        }

        return ERC1155.isApprovedForAll(_owner, _operator);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the creator address for given token
     * @param _to   Address of the new creator
     * @param _id  Token IDs to change creator of
     */
    function _setCreator(address _to, uint256 _id) internal creatorOnly(_id) {
        creators[_id] = _to;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the specified token exists by checking to see if it has a creator
     * @param _id uint256 ID of the token to query the existence of
     * @return bool whether the token exists
     */
    function _exists(uint256 _id) internal view returns (bool) {
        return creators[_id] != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev calculates the next token ID based on value of _currentTokenID
     * @return uint256 for the next token ID
     */
    function _getNextTokenID() internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _currentTokenID + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @dev increments the value of _currentTokenID
     */
    function _incrementTokenTypeId() internal {
        _currentTokenID++;
    }

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual override {}

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (bool)
    {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Library for managing
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(abstract_data_type)[sets] of primitive
 * types.
 *
 * Sets have the following properties:
 *
 * - Elements are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time
 * (O(1)).
 * - Elements are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering.
 *
 * ```
 * contract Example {
 *     // Add the library methods
 *     using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
 *
 *     // Declare a set state variable
 *     EnumerableSet.AddressSet private mySet;
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * As of v3.3.0, sets of type `bytes32` (`Bytes32Set`), `address` (`AddressSet`)
 * and `uint256` (`UintSet`) are supported.
 */
library EnumerableSet {
    // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code
    // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Set type with
    // bytes32 values.
    // The Set implementation uses private functions, and user-facing
    // implementations (such as AddressSet) are just wrappers around the
    // underlying Set.
    // This means that we can only create new EnumerableSets for types that fit
    // in bytes32.

    struct Set {
        // Storage of set values
        bytes32[] _values;
        // Position of the value in the `values` array, plus 1 because index 0
        // means a value is not in the set.
        mapping(bytes32 => uint256) _indexes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function _add(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        if (!_contains(set, value)) {
            set._values.push(value);
            // The value is stored at length-1, but we add 1 to all indexes
            // and use 0 as a sentinel value
            set._indexes[value] = set._values.length;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function _remove(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        // We read and store the value's index to prevent multiple reads from the same storage slot
        uint256 valueIndex = set._indexes[value];

        if (valueIndex != 0) {
            // Equivalent to contains(set, value)
            // To delete an element from the _values array in O(1), we swap the element to delete with the last one in
            // the array, and then remove the last element (sometimes called as 'swap and pop').
            // This modifies the order of the array, as noted in {at}.

            uint256 toDeleteIndex = valueIndex - 1;
            uint256 lastIndex = set._values.length - 1;

            if (lastIndex != toDeleteIndex) {
                bytes32 lastvalue = set._values[lastIndex];

                // Move the last value to the index where the value to delete is
                set._values[toDeleteIndex] = lastvalue;
                // Update the index for the moved value
                set._indexes[lastvalue] = valueIndex; // Replace lastvalue's index to valueIndex
            }

            // Delete the slot where the moved value was stored
            set._values.pop();

            // Delete the index for the deleted slot
            delete set._indexes[value];

            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function _contains(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private view returns (bool) {
        return set._indexes[value] != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function _length(Set storage set) private view returns (uint256) {
        return set._values.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function _at(Set storage set, uint256 index) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return set._values[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function _values(Set storage set) private view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return set._values;
    }

    // Bytes32Set

    struct Bytes32Set {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32Set storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return _at(set._inner, index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return _values(set._inner);
    }

    // AddressSet

    struct AddressSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(AddressSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(_at(set._inner, index))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (address[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        address[] memory result;

        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // UintSet

    struct UintSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_at(set._inner, index));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        uint256[] memory result;

        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(account)
        }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/utils/ERC1155Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import "../../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Receiver is ERC165, IERC1155Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC1155Receiver).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/utils/ERC1155Holder.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ERC1155Receiver.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
contract ERC1155Holder is ERC1155Receiver {
    function onERC1155Received(
        address,
        address,
        uint256,
        uint256,
        bytes memory
    ) public virtual override returns (bytes4) {
        return this.onERC1155Received.selector;
    }

    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address,
        address,
        uint256[] memory,
        uint256[] memory,
        bytes memory
    ) public virtual override returns (bytes4) {
        return this.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/presets/ERC1155PresetMinterPauser.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC1155.sol";
import "../extensions/ERC1155Burnable.sol";
import "../extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol";
import "../../../access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol";
import "../../../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev {ERC1155} token, including:
 *
 *  - ability for holders to burn (destroy) their tokens
 *  - a minter role that allows for token minting (creation)
 *  - a pauser role that allows to stop all token transfers
 *
 * This contract uses {AccessControl} to lock permissioned functions using the
 * different roles - head to its documentation for details.
 *
 * The account that deploys the contract will be granted the minter and pauser
 * roles, as well as the default admin role, which will let it grant both minter
 * and pauser roles to other accounts.
 */
contract ERC1155PresetMinterPauser is Context, AccessControlEnumerable, ERC1155Burnable, ERC1155Pausable {
    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ROLE");

    /**
     * @dev Grants `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, `MINTER_ROLE`, and `PAUSER_ROLE` to the account that
     * deploys the contract.
     */
    constructor(string memory uri) ERC1155(uri) {
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, _msgSender());

        _setupRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender());
        _setupRole(PAUSER_ROLE, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates `amount` new tokens for `to`, of token type `id`.
     *
     * See {ERC1155-_mint}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the `MINTER_ROLE`.
     */
    function mint(
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual {
        require(hasRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "ERC1155PresetMinterPauser: must have minter role to mint");

        _mint(to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] variant of {mint}.
     */
    function mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual {
        require(hasRole(MINTER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "ERC1155PresetMinterPauser: must have minter role to mint");

        _mintBatch(to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Pauses all token transfers.
     *
     * See {ERC1155Pausable} and {Pausable-_pause}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the `PAUSER_ROLE`.
     */
    function pause() public virtual {
        require(hasRole(PAUSER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "ERC1155PresetMinterPauser: must have pauser role to pause");
        _pause();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Unpauses all token transfers.
     *
     * See {ERC1155Pausable} and {Pausable-_unpause}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the `PAUSER_ROLE`.
     */
    function unpause() public virtual {
        require(hasRole(PAUSER_ROLE, _msgSender()), "ERC1155PresetMinterPauser: must have pauser role to unpause");
        _unpause();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override(AccessControlEnumerable, ERC1155)
        returns (bool)
    {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual override(ERC1155, ERC1155Pausable) {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the optional ERC1155MetadataExtension interface, as defined
 * in the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155MetadataURI is IERC1155 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for token type `id`.
     *
     * If the `\{id\}` substring is present in the URI, it must be replaced by
     * clients with the actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 id) external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC1155.sol";
import "../../../security/Pausable.sol";

/**
 * @dev ERC1155 token with pausable token transfers, minting and burning.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios such as preventing trades until the end of an evaluation
 * period, or having an emergency switch for freezing all token transfers in the
 * event of a large bug.
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Pausable is ERC1155, Pausable {
    /**
     * @dev See {ERC1155-_beforeTokenTransfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        require(!paused(), "ERC1155Pausable: token transfer while paused");
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Burnable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {ERC1155} that allows token holders to destroy both their
 * own tokens and those that they have been approved to use.
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Burnable is ERC1155 {
    function burn(
        address account,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value
    ) public virtual {
        require(
            account == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(account, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );

        _burn(account, id, value);
    }

    function burnBatch(
        address account,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values
    ) public virtual {
        require(
            account == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(account, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );

        _burnBatch(account, ids, values);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
        @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
        called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
        To accept the transfer, this must return
        `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
        (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
        @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
        @param from The address which previously owned the token
        @param id The ID of the token being transferred
        @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
        @param data Additional data with no specified format
        @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
    */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
        @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
        is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
        been updated. To accept the transfer(s), this must return
        `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
        (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
        @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
        @param from The address which previously owned the token
        @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
        @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
        @param data Additional data with no specified format
        @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
    */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] calldata accounts, uint256[] calldata ids)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC1155.sol";
import "./IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";
import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard multi-token.
 * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155
 * Originally based on code by Enjin: https://github.com/enjin/erc-1155
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
contract ERC1155 is Context, ERC165, IERC1155, IERC1155MetadataURI {
    using Address for address;

    // Mapping from token ID to account balances
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) private _balances;

    // Mapping from account to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
    string private _uri;

    /**
     * @dev See {_setURI}.
     */
    constructor(string memory uri_) {
        _setURI(uri_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155MetadataURI).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the same URI for *all* token types. It relies
     * on the token type ID substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * Clients calling this function must replace the `\{id\}` substring with the
     * actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: balance query for the zero address");
        return _balances[id][account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOfBatch}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] memory accounts, uint256[] memory ids)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        require(accounts.length == ids.length, "ERC1155: accounts and ids length mismatch");

        uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](accounts.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < accounts.length; ++i) {
            batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(accounts[i], ids[i]);
        }

        return batchBalances;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        require(_msgSender() != operator, "ERC1155: setting approval status for self");

        _operatorApprovals[_msgSender()][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[account][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeBatchTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: transfer caller is not owner nor approved"
        );
        _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, _asSingletonArray(id), _asSingletonArray(amount), data);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[id][to] += amount;

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, amount);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
            _balances[id][to] += amount;
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, amounts);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a new URI for all token types, by relying on the token type ID
     * substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * By this mechanism, any occurrence of the `\{id\}` substring in either the
     * URI or any of the amounts in the JSON file at said URI will be replaced by
     * clients with the token type ID.
     *
     * For example, the `https://token-cdn-domain/\{id\}.json` URI would be
     * interpreted by clients as
     * `https://token-cdn-domain/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004cce0.json`
     * for token type ID 0x4cce0.
     *
     * See {uri}.
     *
     * Because these URIs cannot be meaningfully represented by the {URI} event,
     * this function emits no events.
     */
    function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
        _uri = newuri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates `amount` tokens of token type `id`, and assigns them to `account`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `account` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mint(
        address account,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), account, _asSingletonArray(id), _asSingletonArray(amount), data);

        _balances[id][account] += amount;
        emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), account, id, amount);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), account, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_mint}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            _balances[ids[i]][to] += amounts[i];
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `account`
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens of token type `id`.
     */
    function _burn(
        address account,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, account, address(0), _asSingletonArray(id), _asSingletonArray(amount), "");

        uint256 accountBalance = _balances[id][account];
        require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][account] = accountBalance - amount;
        }

        emit TransferSingle(operator, account, address(0), id, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_burn}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     */
    function _burnBatch(
        address account,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, account, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 accountBalance = _balances[id][account];
            require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][account] = accountBalance - amount;
            }
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, account, address(0), ids, amounts);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `id` and `amount` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 response) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155Received.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (
                bytes4 response
            ) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _asSingletonArray(uint256 element) private pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory array = new uint256[](1);
        array[0] = element;

        return array;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    constructor() {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _setOwner(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _setOwner(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _setOwner(newOwner);
    }

    function _setOwner(address newOwner) private {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControl.sol";

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControlEnumerable declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/IAccessControl.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControlEnumerable.sol";
import "./AccessControl.sol";
import "../utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows enumerating the members of each role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControlEnumerable, AccessControl {
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;

    mapping(bytes32 => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private _roleMembers;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlEnumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) public view override returns (address) {
        return _roleMembers[role].at(index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) public view override returns (uint256) {
        return _roleMembers[role].length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {grantRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        super.grantRole(role, account);
        _roleMembers[role].add(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {revokeRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        super.revokeRole(role, account);
        _roleMembers[role].remove(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {renounceRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        super.renounceRole(role, account);
        _roleMembers[role].remove(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {_setupRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override {
        super._setupRole(role, account);
        _roleMembers[role].add(account);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControl.sol";
import "../utils/Context.sol";
import "../utils/Strings.sol";
import "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint160(account), 20),
                        " is missing role ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) private {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) private {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }
}