// Dummy contract only used to emit to end-user they are using wrong solc
contract solcChecker {
/* INCOMPATIBLE SOLC: import the following instead: "github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/oraclizeAPI_0.4.sol" */ function f(bytes calldata x) external;
}

contract OraclizeI {

    address public cbAddress;

    function setProofType(byte _proofType) external;
    function setCustomGasPrice(uint _gasPrice) external;
    function getPrice(string memory _datasource) public returns (uint _dsprice);
    function randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash() external view returns (bytes32 _sessionKeyHash);
    function getPrice(string memory _datasource, uint _gasLimit) public returns (uint _dsprice);
    function queryN(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes memory _argN) public payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query(uint _timestamp, string calldata _datasource, string calldata _arg) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query2(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string memory _arg1, string memory _arg2) public payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string calldata _datasource, string calldata _arg, uint _gasLimit) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function queryN_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string calldata _datasource, bytes calldata _argN, uint _gasLimit) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query2_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string calldata _datasource, string calldata _arg1, string calldata _arg2, uint _gasLimit) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
}

contract OraclizeAddrResolverI {
    function getAddress() public returns (address _address);
}
/*

Begin solidity-cborutils

https://github.com/smartcontractkit/solidity-cborutils

MIT License

Copyright (c) 2018 SmartContract ChainLink, Ltd.

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

*/
library Buffer {

    struct buffer {
        bytes buf;
        uint capacity;
    }

    function init(buffer memory _buf, uint _capacity) internal pure {
        uint capacity = _capacity;
        if (capacity % 32 != 0) {
            capacity += 32 - (capacity % 32);
        }
        _buf.capacity = capacity; // Allocate space for the buffer data
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(_buf, ptr)
            mstore(ptr, 0)
            mstore(0x40, add(ptr, capacity))
        }
    }

    function resize(buffer memory _buf, uint _capacity) private pure {
        bytes memory oldbuf = _buf.buf;
        init(_buf, _capacity);
        append(_buf, oldbuf);
    }

    function max(uint _a, uint _b) private pure returns (uint _max) {
        if (_a > _b) {
            return _a;
        }
        return _b;
    }
    /**
      * @dev Appends a byte array to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so
      *      would exceed the capacity of the buffer.
      * @param _buf The buffer to append to.
      * @param _data The data to append.
      * @return The original buffer.
      *
      */
    function append(buffer memory _buf, bytes memory _data) internal pure returns (buffer memory _buffer) {
        if (_data.length + _buf.buf.length > _buf.capacity) {
            resize(_buf, max(_buf.capacity, _data.length) * 2);
        }
        uint dest;
        uint src;
        uint len = _data.length;
        assembly {
            let bufptr := mload(_buf) // Memory address of the buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr) // Length of existing buffer data
            dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), 32) // Start address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length)
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, mload(_data))) // Update buffer length
            src := add(_data, 32)
        }
        for(; len >= 32; len -= 32) { // Copy word-length chunks while possible
            assembly {
                mstore(dest, mload(src))
            }
            dest += 32;
            src += 32;
        }
        uint mask = 256 ** (32 - len) - 1; // Copy remaining bytes
        assembly {
            let srcpart := and(mload(src), not(mask))
            let destpart := and(mload(dest), mask)
            mstore(dest, or(destpart, srcpart))
        }
        return _buf;
    }
    /**
      *
      * @dev Appends a byte to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so would
      * exceed the capacity of the buffer.
      * @param _buf The buffer to append to.
      * @param _data The data to append.
      * @return The original buffer.
      *
      */
    function append(buffer memory _buf, uint8 _data) internal pure {
        if (_buf.buf.length + 1 > _buf.capacity) {
            resize(_buf, _buf.capacity * 2);
        }
        assembly {
            let bufptr := mload(_buf) // Memory address of the buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr) // Length of existing buffer data
            let dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), 32) // Address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length)
            mstore8(dest, _data)
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, 1)) // Update buffer length
        }
    }
    /**
      *
      * @dev Appends a byte to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so would
      * exceed the capacity of the buffer.
      * @param _buf The buffer to append to.
      * @param _data The data to append.
      * @return The original buffer.
      *
      */
    function appendInt(buffer memory _buf, uint _data, uint _len) internal pure returns (buffer memory _buffer) {
        if (_len + _buf.buf.length > _buf.capacity) {
            resize(_buf, max(_buf.capacity, _len) * 2);
        }
        uint mask = 256 ** _len - 1;
        assembly {
            let bufptr := mload(_buf) // Memory address of the buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr) // Length of existing buffer data
            let dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), _len) // Address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length) + len
            mstore(dest, or(and(mload(dest), not(mask)), _data))
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, _len)) // Update buffer length
        }
        return _buf;
    }
}

library CBOR {

    using Buffer for Buffer.buffer;

    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_INT = 0;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_MAP = 5;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_BYTES = 2;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_ARRAY = 4;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_STRING = 3;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_NEGATIVE_INT = 1;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_CONTENT_FREE = 7;

    function encodeType(Buffer.buffer memory _buf, uint8 _major, uint _value) private pure {
        if (_value <= 23) {
            _buf.append(uint8((_major << 5) | _value));
        } else if (_value <= 0xFF) {
            _buf.append(uint8((_major << 5) | 24));
            _buf.appendInt(_value, 1);
        } else if (_value <= 0xFFFF) {
            _buf.append(uint8((_major << 5) | 25));
            _buf.appendInt(_value, 2);
        } else if (_value <= 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            _buf.append(uint8((_major << 5) | 26));
            _buf.appendInt(_value, 4);
        } else if (_value <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
            _buf.append(uint8((_major << 5) | 27));
            _buf.appendInt(_value, 8);
        }
    }

    function encodeIndefiniteLengthType(Buffer.buffer memory _buf, uint8 _major) private pure {
        _buf.append(uint8((_major << 5) | 31));
    }

    function encodeUInt(Buffer.buffer memory _buf, uint _value) internal pure {
        encodeType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_INT, _value);
    }

    function encodeInt(Buffer.buffer memory _buf, int _value) internal pure {
        if (_value >= 0) {
            encodeType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_INT, uint(_value));
        } else {
            encodeType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_NEGATIVE_INT, uint(-1 - _value));
        }
    }

    function encodeBytes(Buffer.buffer memory _buf, bytes memory _value) internal pure {
        encodeType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_BYTES, _value.length);
        _buf.append(_value);
    }

    function encodeString(Buffer.buffer memory _buf, string memory _value) internal pure {
        encodeType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_STRING, bytes(_value).length);
        _buf.append(bytes(_value));
    }

    function startArray(Buffer.buffer memory _buf) internal pure {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_ARRAY);
    }

    function startMap(Buffer.buffer memory _buf) internal pure {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_MAP);
    }

    function endSequence(Buffer.buffer memory _buf) internal pure {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(_buf, MAJOR_TYPE_CONTENT_FREE);
    }
}
/*

End solidity-cborutils

*/
contract usingOraclize {

    using CBOR for Buffer.buffer;

    OraclizeI oraclize;
    OraclizeAddrResolverI OAR;

    uint constant day = 60 * 60 * 24;
    uint constant week = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7;
    uint constant month = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30;

    byte constant proofType_NONE = 0x00;
    byte constant proofType_Ledger = 0x30;
    byte constant proofType_Native = 0xF0;
    byte constant proofStorage_IPFS = 0x01;
    byte constant proofType_Android = 0x40;
    byte constant proofType_TLSNotary = 0x10;

    string oraclize_network_name;
    uint8 constant networkID_auto = 0;
    uint8 constant networkID_morden = 2;
    uint8 constant networkID_mainnet = 1;
    uint8 constant networkID_testnet = 2;
    uint8 constant networkID_consensys = 161;

    mapping(bytes32 => bytes32) oraclize_randomDS_args;
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified;

    modifier oraclizeAPI {
        if ((address(OAR) == address(0)) || (getCodeSize(address(OAR)) == 0)) {
            oraclize_setNetwork(networkID_auto);
        }
        if (address(oraclize) != OAR.getAddress()) {
            oraclize = OraclizeI(OAR.getAddress());
        }
        _;
    }

    modifier oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify(bytes32 _queryId, string memory _result, bytes memory _proof) {
        // RandomDS Proof Step 1: The prefix has to match 'LP\x01' (Ledger Proof version 1)
        require((_proof[0] == "L") && (_proof[1] == "P") && (uint8(_proof[2]) == uint8(1)));
        bool proofVerified = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(_proof, _queryId, bytes(_result), oraclize_getNetworkName());
        require(proofVerified);
        _;
    }

    function oraclize_setNetwork(uint8 _networkID) internal returns (bool _networkSet) {
      return oraclize_setNetwork();
      _networkID; // silence the warning and remain backwards compatible
    }

    function oraclize_setNetworkName(string memory _network_name) internal {
        oraclize_network_name = _network_name;
    }

    function oraclize_getNetworkName() internal view returns (string memory _networkName) {
        return oraclize_network_name;
    }

    function oraclize_setNetwork() internal returns (bool _networkSet) {
        if (getCodeSize(0x1d3B2638a7cC9f2CB3D298A3DA7a90B67E5506ed) > 0) { //mainnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x1d3B2638a7cC9f2CB3D298A3DA7a90B67E5506ed);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_mainnet");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0xc03A2615D5efaf5F49F60B7BB6583eaec212fdf1) > 0) { //ropsten testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0xc03A2615D5efaf5F49F60B7BB6583eaec212fdf1);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_ropsten3");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0xB7A07BcF2Ba2f2703b24C0691b5278999C59AC7e) > 0) { //kovan testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0xB7A07BcF2Ba2f2703b24C0691b5278999C59AC7e);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_kovan");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x146500cfd35B22E4A392Fe0aDc06De1a1368Ed48) > 0) { //rinkeby testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x146500cfd35B22E4A392Fe0aDc06De1a1368Ed48);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_rinkeby");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475) > 0) { //ethereum-bridge
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475);
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x20e12A1F859B3FeaE5Fb2A0A32C18F5a65555bBF) > 0) { //ether.camp ide
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x20e12A1F859B3FeaE5Fb2A0A32C18F5a65555bBF);
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x51efaF4c8B3C9AfBD5aB9F4bbC82784Ab6ef8fAA) > 0) { //browser-solidity
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x51efaF4c8B3C9AfBD5aB9F4bbC82784Ab6ef8fAA);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    function __callback(bytes32 _myid, string memory _result) public {
        __callback(_myid, _result, new bytes(0));
    }

    function __callback(bytes32 _myid, string memory _result, bytes memory _proof) public {
      return;
      _myid; _result; _proof; // Silence compiler warnings
    }

    function oraclize_getPrice(string memory _datasource) oraclizeAPI internal returns (uint _queryPrice) {
        return oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
    }

    function oraclize_getPrice(string memory _datasource, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (uint _queryPrice) {
        return oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string memory _arg) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query.value(price)(0, _datasource, _arg);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string memory _arg) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, _arg);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string memory _arg, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource,_gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query_withGasLimit.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, _arg, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string memory _arg, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
           return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, _datasource, _arg, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string memory _arg1, string memory _arg2) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query2.value(price)(0, _datasource, _arg1, _arg2);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string memory _arg1, string memory _arg2) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query2.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, _arg1, _arg2);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string memory _arg1, string memory _arg2, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query2_withGasLimit.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, _arg1, _arg2, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string memory _arg1, string memory _arg2, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        return oraclize.query2_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, _datasource, _arg1, _arg2, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[] memory _argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(0, _datasource, args);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[] memory _argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, args);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[] memory _argN, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, args, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[] memory _argN, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, _datasource, args, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[1] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[1] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[1] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[1] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[2] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[2] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[2] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[2] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[3] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[3] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[3] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[3] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[4] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[4] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[4] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[4] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[5] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[5] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, string[5] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, string[5] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[] memory _argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(0, _datasource, args);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[] memory _argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * 200000) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, args);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[] memory _argN, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(_timestamp, _datasource, args, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[] memory _argN, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(_datasource, _gasLimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice * _gasLimit) {
            return 0; // Unexpectedly high price
        }
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(_argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, _datasource, args, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[1] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[1] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[1] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[1] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[2] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[2] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[2] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[2] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[3] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[3] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[3] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[3] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[4] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[4] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[4] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[4] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[5] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[5] memory _args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs);
    }

    function oraclize_query(uint _timestamp, string memory _datasource, bytes[5] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_timestamp, _datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string memory _datasource, bytes[5] memory _args, uint _gasLimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = _args[0];
        dynargs[1] = _args[1];
        dynargs[2] = _args[2];
        dynargs[3] = _args[3];
        dynargs[4] = _args[4];
        return oraclize_query(_datasource, dynargs, _gasLimit);
    }

    function oraclize_setProof(byte _proofP) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setProofType(_proofP);
    }


    function oraclize_cbAddress() oraclizeAPI internal returns (address _callbackAddress) {
        return oraclize.cbAddress();
    }

    function getCodeSize(address _addr) view internal returns (uint _size) {
        assembly {
            _size := extcodesize(_addr)
        }
    }

    function oraclize_setCustomGasPrice(uint _gasPrice) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setCustomGasPrice(_gasPrice);
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash() oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 _sessionKeyHash) {
        return oraclize.randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash();
    }

    function parseAddr(string memory _a) internal pure returns (address _parsedAddress) {
        bytes memory tmp = bytes(_a);
        uint160 iaddr = 0;
        uint160 b1;
        uint160 b2;
        for (uint i = 2; i < 2 + 2 * 20; i += 2) {
            iaddr *= 256;
            b1 = uint160(uint8(tmp[i]));
            b2 = uint160(uint8(tmp[i + 1]));
            if ((b1 >= 97) && (b1 <= 102)) {
                b1 -= 87;
            } else if ((b1 >= 65) && (b1 <= 70)) {
                b1 -= 55;
            } else if ((b1 >= 48) && (b1 <= 57)) {
                b1 -= 48;
            }
            if ((b2 >= 97) && (b2 <= 102)) {
                b2 -= 87;
            } else if ((b2 >= 65) && (b2 <= 70)) {
                b2 -= 55;
            } else if ((b2 >= 48) && (b2 <= 57)) {
                b2 -= 48;
            }
            iaddr += (b1 * 16 + b2);
        }
        return address(iaddr);
    }

    function strCompare(string memory _a, string memory _b) internal pure returns (int _returnCode) {
        bytes memory a = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory b = bytes(_b);
        uint minLength = a.length;
        if (b.length < minLength) {
            minLength = b.length;
        }
        for (uint i = 0; i < minLength; i ++) {
            if (a[i] < b[i]) {
                return -1;
            } else if (a[i] > b[i]) {
                return 1;
            }
        }
        if (a.length < b.length) {
            return -1;
        } else if (a.length > b.length) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    function indexOf(string memory _haystack, string memory _needle) internal pure returns (int _returnCode) {
        bytes memory h = bytes(_haystack);
        bytes memory n = bytes(_needle);
        if (h.length < 1 || n.length < 1 || (n.length > h.length)) {
            return -1;
        } else if (h.length > (2 ** 128 - 1)) {
            return -1;
        } else {
            uint subindex = 0;
            for (uint i = 0; i < h.length; i++) {
                if (h[i] == n[0]) {
                    subindex = 1;
                    while(subindex < n.length && (i + subindex) < h.length && h[i + subindex] == n[subindex]) {
                        subindex++;
                    }
                    if (subindex == n.length) {
                        return int(i);
                    }
                }
            }
            return -1;
        }
    }

    function strConcat(string memory _a, string memory _b) internal pure returns (string memory _concatenatedString) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, "", "", "");
    }

    function strConcat(string memory _a, string memory _b, string memory _c) internal pure returns (string memory _concatenatedString) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, _c, "", "");
    }

    function strConcat(string memory _a, string memory _b, string memory _c, string memory _d) internal pure returns (string memory _concatenatedString) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, _c, _d, "");
    }

    function strConcat(string memory _a, string memory _b, string memory _c, string memory _d, string memory _e) internal pure returns (string memory _concatenatedString) {
        bytes memory _ba = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory _bb = bytes(_b);
        bytes memory _bc = bytes(_c);
        bytes memory _bd = bytes(_d);
        bytes memory _be = bytes(_e);
        string memory abcde = new string(_ba.length + _bb.length + _bc.length + _bd.length + _be.length);
        bytes memory babcde = bytes(abcde);
        uint k = 0;
        uint i = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < _ba.length; i++) {
            babcde[k++] = _ba[i];
        }
        for (i = 0; i < _bb.length; i++) {
            babcde[k++] = _bb[i];
        }
        for (i = 0; i < _bc.length; i++) {
            babcde[k++] = _bc[i];
        }
        for (i = 0; i < _bd.length; i++) {
            babcde[k++] = _bd[i];
        }
        for (i = 0; i < _be.length; i++) {
            babcde[k++] = _be[i];
        }
        return string(babcde);
    }

    function safeParseInt(string memory _a) internal pure returns (uint _parsedInt) {
        return safeParseInt(_a, 0);
    }

    function safeParseInt(string memory _a, uint _b) internal pure returns (uint _parsedInt) {
        bytes memory bresult = bytes(_a);
        uint mint = 0;
        bool decimals = false;
        for (uint i = 0; i < bresult.length; i++) {
            if ((uint(uint8(bresult[i])) >= 48) && (uint(uint8(bresult[i])) <= 57)) {
                if (decimals) {
                   if (_b == 0) break;
                    else _b--;
                }
                mint *= 10;
                mint += uint(uint8(bresult[i])) - 48;
            } else if (uint(uint8(bresult[i])) == 46) {
                require(!decimals, 'More than one decimal encountered in string!');
                decimals = true;
            } else {
                revert("Non-numeral character encountered in string!");
            }
        }
        if (_b > 0) {
            mint *= 10 ** _b;
        }
        return mint;
    }

    function parseInt(string memory _a) internal pure returns (uint _parsedInt) {
        return parseInt(_a, 0);
    }

    function parseInt(string memory _a, uint _b) internal pure returns (uint _parsedInt) {
        bytes memory bresult = bytes(_a);
        uint mint = 0;
        bool decimals = false;
        for (uint i = 0; i < bresult.length; i++) {
            if ((uint(uint8(bresult[i])) >= 48) && (uint(uint8(bresult[i])) <= 57)) {
                if (decimals) {
                   if (_b == 0) {
                       break;
                   } else {
                       _b--;
                   }
                }
                mint *= 10;
                mint += uint(uint8(bresult[i])) - 48;
            } else if (uint(uint8(bresult[i])) == 46) {
                decimals = true;
            }
        }
        if (_b > 0) {
            mint *= 10 ** _b;
        }
        return mint;
    }

    function uint2str(uint _i) internal pure returns (string memory _uintAsString) {
        if (_i == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint j = _i;
        uint len;
        while (j != 0) {
            len++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
        uint k = len - 1;
        while (_i != 0) {
            bstr[k--] = byte(uint8(48 + _i % 10));
            _i /= 10;
        }
        return string(bstr);
    }

    function stra2cbor(string[] memory _arr) internal pure returns (bytes memory _cborEncoding) {
        safeMemoryCleaner();
        Buffer.buffer memory buf;
        Buffer.init(buf, 1024);
        buf.startArray();
        for (uint i = 0; i < _arr.length; i++) {
            buf.encodeString(_arr[i]);
        }
        buf.endSequence();
        return buf.buf;
    }

    function ba2cbor(bytes[] memory _arr) internal pure returns (bytes memory _cborEncoding) {
        safeMemoryCleaner();
        Buffer.buffer memory buf;
        Buffer.init(buf, 1024);
        buf.startArray();
        for (uint i = 0; i < _arr.length; i++) {
            buf.encodeBytes(_arr[i]);
        }
        buf.endSequence();
        return buf.buf;
    }

    function oraclize_newRandomDSQuery(uint _delay, uint _nbytes, uint _customGasLimit) internal returns (bytes32 _queryId) {
        require((_nbytes > 0) && (_nbytes <= 32));
        _delay *= 10; // Convert from seconds to ledger timer ticks
        bytes memory nbytes = new bytes(1);
        nbytes[0] = byte(uint8(_nbytes));
        bytes memory unonce = new bytes(32);
        bytes memory sessionKeyHash = new bytes(32);
        bytes32 sessionKeyHash_bytes32 = oraclize_randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash();
        assembly {
            mstore(unonce, 0x20)
            /*
             The following variables can be relaxed.
             Check the relaxed random contract at https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-examples
             for an idea on how to override and replace commit hash variables.
            */
            mstore(add(unonce, 0x20), xor(blockhash(sub(number, 1)), xor(coinbase, timestamp)))
            mstore(sessionKeyHash, 0x20)
            mstore(add(sessionKeyHash, 0x20), sessionKeyHash_bytes32)
        }
        bytes memory delay = new bytes(32);
        assembly {
            mstore(add(delay, 0x20), _delay)
        }
        bytes memory delay_bytes8 = new bytes(8);
        copyBytes(delay, 24, 8, delay_bytes8, 0);
        bytes[4] memory args = [unonce, nbytes, sessionKeyHash, delay];
        bytes32 queryId = oraclize_query("random", args, _customGasLimit);
        bytes memory delay_bytes8_left = new bytes(8);
        assembly {
            let x := mload(add(delay_bytes8, 0x20))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x27), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x26), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x25), div(x, 0x10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x24), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x23), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x22), div(x, 0x10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x21), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x20), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
        }
        oraclize_randomDS_setCommitment(queryId, keccak256(abi.encodePacked(delay_bytes8_left, args[1], sha256(args[0]), args[2])));
        return queryId;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_setCommitment(bytes32 _queryId, bytes32 _commitment) internal {
        oraclize_randomDS_args[_queryId] = _commitment;
    }

    function verifySig(bytes32 _tosignh, bytes memory _dersig, bytes memory _pubkey) internal returns (bool _sigVerified) {
        bool sigok;
        address signer;
        bytes32 sigr;
        bytes32 sigs;
        bytes memory sigr_ = new bytes(32);
        uint offset = 4 + (uint(uint8(_dersig[3])) - 0x20);
        sigr_ = copyBytes(_dersig, offset, 32, sigr_, 0);
        bytes memory sigs_ = new bytes(32);
        offset += 32 + 2;
        sigs_ = copyBytes(_dersig, offset + (uint(uint8(_dersig[offset - 1])) - 0x20), 32, sigs_, 0);
        assembly {
            sigr := mload(add(sigr_, 32))
            sigs := mload(add(sigs_, 32))
        }
        (sigok, signer) = safer_ecrecover(_tosignh, 27, sigr, sigs);
        if (address(uint160(uint256(keccak256(_pubkey)))) == signer) {
            return true;
        } else {
            (sigok, signer) = safer_ecrecover(_tosignh, 28, sigr, sigs);
            return (address(uint160(uint256(keccak256(_pubkey)))) == signer);
        }
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__sessionKeyValidity(bytes memory _proof, uint _sig2offset) internal returns (bool _proofVerified) {
        bool sigok;
        // Random DS Proof Step 6: Verify the attestation signature, APPKEY1 must sign the sessionKey from the correct ledger app (CODEHASH)
        bytes memory sig2 = new bytes(uint(uint8(_proof[_sig2offset + 1])) + 2);
        copyBytes(_proof, _sig2offset, sig2.length, sig2, 0);
        bytes memory appkey1_pubkey = new bytes(64);
        copyBytes(_proof, 3 + 1, 64, appkey1_pubkey, 0);
        bytes memory tosign2 = new bytes(1 + 65 + 32);
        tosign2[0] = byte(uint8(1)); //role
        copyBytes(_proof, _sig2offset - 65, 65, tosign2, 1);
        bytes memory CODEHASH = hex"fd94fa71bc0ba10d39d464d0d8f465efeef0a2764e3887fcc9df41ded20f505c";
        copyBytes(CODEHASH, 0, 32, tosign2, 1 + 65);
        sigok = verifySig(sha256(tosign2), sig2, appkey1_pubkey);
        if (!sigok) {
            return false;
        }
        // Random DS Proof Step 7: Verify the APPKEY1 provenance (must be signed by Ledger)
        bytes memory LEDGERKEY = hex"7fb956469c5c9b89840d55b43537e66a98dd4811ea0a27224272c2e5622911e8537a2f8e86a46baec82864e98dd01e9ccc2f8bc5dfc9cbe5a91a290498dd96e4";
        bytes memory tosign3 = new bytes(1 + 65);
        tosign3[0] = 0xFE;
        copyBytes(_proof, 3, 65, tosign3, 1);
        bytes memory sig3 = new bytes(uint(uint8(_proof[3 + 65 + 1])) + 2);
        copyBytes(_proof, 3 + 65, sig3.length, sig3, 0);
        sigok = verifySig(sha256(tosign3), sig3, LEDGERKEY);
        return sigok;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__returnCode(bytes32 _queryId, string memory _result, bytes memory _proof) internal returns (uint8 _returnCode) {
        // Random DS Proof Step 1: The prefix has to match 'LP\x01' (Ledger Proof version 1)
        if ((_proof[0] != "L") || (_proof[1] != "P") || (uint8(_proof[2]) != uint8(1))) {
            return 1;
        }
        bool proofVerified = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(_proof, _queryId, bytes(_result), oraclize_getNetworkName());
        if (!proofVerified) {
            return 2;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    function matchBytes32Prefix(bytes32 _content, bytes memory _prefix, uint _nRandomBytes) internal pure returns (bool _matchesPrefix) {
        bool match_ = true;
        require(_prefix.length == _nRandomBytes);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i< _nRandomBytes; i++) {
            if (_content[i] != _prefix[i]) {
                match_ = false;
            }
        }
        return match_;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(bytes memory _proof, bytes32 _queryId, bytes memory _result, string memory _contextName) internal returns (bool _proofVerified) {
        // Random DS Proof Step 2: The unique keyhash has to match with the sha256 of (context name + _queryId)
        uint ledgerProofLength = 3 + 65 + (uint(uint8(_proof[3 + 65 + 1])) + 2) + 32;
        bytes memory keyhash = new bytes(32);
        copyBytes(_proof, ledgerProofLength, 32, keyhash, 0);
        if (!(keccak256(keyhash) == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(sha256(abi.encodePacked(_contextName, _queryId)))))) {
            return false;
        }
        bytes memory sig1 = new bytes(uint(uint8(_proof[ledgerProofLength + (32 + 8 + 1 + 32) + 1])) + 2);
        copyBytes(_proof, ledgerProofLength + (32 + 8 + 1 + 32), sig1.length, sig1, 0);
        // Random DS Proof Step 3: We assume sig1 is valid (it will be verified during step 5) and we verify if '_result' is the _prefix of sha256(sig1)
        if (!matchBytes32Prefix(sha256(sig1), _result, uint(uint8(_proof[ledgerProofLength + 32 + 8])))) {
            return false;
        }
        // Random DS Proof Step 4: Commitment match verification, keccak256(delay, nbytes, unonce, sessionKeyHash) == commitment in storage.
        // This is to verify that the computed args match with the ones specified in the query.
        bytes memory commitmentSlice1 = new bytes(8 + 1 + 32);
        copyBytes(_proof, ledgerProofLength + 32, 8 + 1 + 32, commitmentSlice1, 0);
        bytes memory sessionPubkey = new bytes(64);
        uint sig2offset = ledgerProofLength + 32 + (8 + 1 + 32) + sig1.length + 65;
        copyBytes(_proof, sig2offset - 64, 64, sessionPubkey, 0);
        bytes32 sessionPubkeyHash = sha256(sessionPubkey);
        if (oraclize_randomDS_args[_queryId] == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(commitmentSlice1, sessionPubkeyHash))) { //unonce, nbytes and sessionKeyHash match
            delete oraclize_randomDS_args[_queryId];
        } else return false;
        // Random DS Proof Step 5: Validity verification for sig1 (keyhash and args signed with the sessionKey)
        bytes memory tosign1 = new bytes(32 + 8 + 1 + 32);
        copyBytes(_proof, ledgerProofLength, 32 + 8 + 1 + 32, tosign1, 0);
        if (!verifySig(sha256(tosign1), sig1, sessionPubkey)) {
            return false;
        }
        // Verify if sessionPubkeyHash was verified already, if not.. let's do it!
        if (!oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash]) {
            oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash] = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__sessionKeyValidity(_proof, sig2offset);
        }
        return oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash];
    }
    /*
     The following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    */
    function copyBytes(bytes memory _from, uint _fromOffset, uint _length, bytes memory _to, uint _toOffset) internal pure returns (bytes memory _copiedBytes) {
        uint minLength = _length + _toOffset;
        require(_to.length >= minLength); // Buffer too small. Should be a better way?
        uint i = 32 + _fromOffset; // NOTE: the offset 32 is added to skip the `size` field of both bytes variables
        uint j = 32 + _toOffset;
        while (i < (32 + _fromOffset + _length)) {
            assembly {
                let tmp := mload(add(_from, i))
                mstore(add(_to, j), tmp)
            }
            i += 32;
            j += 32;
        }
        return _to;
    }
    /*
     The following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
     Duplicate Solidity's ecrecover, but catching the CALL return value
    */
    function safer_ecrecover(bytes32 _hash, uint8 _v, bytes32 _r, bytes32 _s) internal returns (bool _success, address _recoveredAddress) {
        /*
         We do our own memory management here. Solidity uses memory offset
         0x40 to store the current end of memory. We write past it (as
         writes are memory extensions), but don't update the offset so
         Solidity will reuse it. The memory used here is only needed for
         this context.
         FIXME: inline assembly can't access return values
        */
        bool ret;
        address addr;
        assembly {
            let size := mload(0x40)
            mstore(size, _hash)
            mstore(add(size, 32), _v)
            mstore(add(size, 64), _r)
            mstore(add(size, 96), _s)
            ret := call(3000, 1, 0, size, 128, size, 32) // NOTE: we can reuse the request memory because we deal with the return code.
            addr := mload(size)
        }
        return (ret, addr);
    }
    /*
     The following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    */
    function ecrecovery(bytes32 _hash, bytes memory _sig) internal returns (bool _success, address _recoveredAddress) {
        bytes32 r;
        bytes32 s;
        uint8 v;
        if (_sig.length != 65) {
            return (false, address(0));
        }
        /*
         The signature format is a compact form of:
           {bytes32 r}{bytes32 s}{uint8 v}
         Compact means, uint8 is not padded to 32 bytes.
        */
        assembly {
            r := mload(add(_sig, 32))
            s := mload(add(_sig, 64))
            /*
             Here we are loading the last 32 bytes. We exploit the fact that
             'mload' will pad with zeroes if we overread.
             There is no 'mload8' to do this, but that would be nicer.
            */
            v := byte(0, mload(add(_sig, 96)))
            /*
              Alternative solution:
              'byte' is not working due to the Solidity parser, so lets
              use the second best option, 'and'
              v := and(mload(add(_sig, 65)), 255)
            */
        }
        /*
         albeit non-transactional signatures are not specified by the YP, one would expect it
         to match the YP range of [27, 28]
         geth uses [0, 1] and some clients have followed. This might change, see:
         https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/2053
        */
        if (v < 27) {
            v += 27;
        }
        if (v != 27 && v != 28) {
            return (false, address(0));
        }
        return safer_ecrecover(_hash, v, r, s);
    }

    function safeMemoryCleaner() internal pure {
        assembly {
            let fmem := mload(0x40)
            codecopy(fmem, codesize, sub(msize, fmem))
        }
    }
}
/*

END ORACLIZE_API

*/











/*
 * Copyright 2019 Authpaper Team
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
pragma solidity ^0.5.1;

contract Adminstrator {
  address public admin;
  address payable public owner;

  modifier onlyAdmin() { 
        require(msg.sender == admin || msg.sender == owner,"Not authorized to run this function"); 
        _;
  } 

  constructor() public {
    admin = msg.sender;
	owner = msg.sender;
  }

  function transferAdminstrator(address newAdmin) public onlyAdmin {
    admin = newAdmin; 
  }
}



contract FiftyContract is Adminstrator,usingOraclize {
	//About the membership
    uint public mRate = 150 finney; //membership fee
	uint public membershiptime = 183 * 86400; //membership valid for 183 days, around 0.5 year
	mapping (address => uint) public membership;
	
	//About reading data from the website
	string public website="http://ec2-54-251-168-235.ap-southeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com/getAddresses.php?eth=";
	enum gettingData { Member, Parent }
	mapping (bytes32 => treeNode) public oraclizeCallbacks;
	
	//About the tree
	event completeTree(address indexed _self, uint indexed _nodeID, uint indexed _amount);
	event startTree(address indexed _self, uint indexed _nodeID, uint indexed _amount);
	event assignTreeNode(address indexed _self, uint indexed _nodeID, uint indexed _amount);
	//Keep the nodeID they are using, (2 ** 32) - 1 means they are rejected from joining a tree of that amount
	mapping (address => mapping (uint => uint)) public nodeIDIndex;
	//Keep children of a node, no matter the tree is already completed or running currently
	//Acts like treeNode => mapping (uint => treeNode)
	mapping (address => mapping (uint => mapping (uint => mapping (uint => treeNode)))) public treeChildren;
	//Acts like treeNode => treeNode
	mapping (address => mapping (uint => mapping (uint => treeNode))) public treeParent;
	//Keep the current running nodes given an address
	mapping (address => mapping (uint => bool)) public currentNodes;
	//Temporary direct referral
	mapping (address => address) public temporaryDirectReferral;
	uint public spread=2;
	uint public level=2;
	uint public minimumTreeNodeReferred=2;
	
	struct treeNode {
		 address payable ethAddress; 
		 uint nodeType; 
		 uint nodeID;
	}
	struct rewardDistribution {
		address payable first;
		address payable second;
	}
	
	//Statistic issue
	uint256 public receivedAmount=0;
	uint256 public sentAmount=0;
	bool public paused=false;
	event Paused(address account);
	event Unpaused(address account);
	event makeQuery(address indexed account, string msg);
	
	//Setting the variables
	function setMembershipFee(uint newMrate, uint newTime) public onlyAdmin{
		require(newMrate > 0, "new rate must be positive");
		require(newTime > 0, "new membership time must be positive");
		mRate = newMrate * 10 ** uint256(15); //The amount is in finney
		membershiptime = newTime * 86400; //The amount is in days
	}
	function setTreeSpec(uint newSpread, uint newLevel, uint newTreeNodeReferred) public onlyAdmin{
		require(newSpread > 1, "new spread must be larger than 1");
		require(newLevel > 1, "new level must be larger than 1");
		require(newTreeNodeReferred > 1, "new minimum tree nodes referred by root must be larger than 1");
		spread = newSpread;
		level = newLevel;
		minimumTreeNodeReferred = newTreeNodeReferred;
	}
	function setWebsite(string memory web) public onlyAdmin{
		website = web;
	}
	function pause(bool isPause) public onlyAdmin{
		paused = isPause;
		if(isPause) emit Paused(msg.sender);
		else emit Unpaused(msg.sender);
	}
	//Just in case there are fronzen money
	function withdraw(uint amount) public onlyAdmin returns(bool) {
        require(amount < address(this).balance);
        owner.transfer(amount);
        return true;
    } 
	//The main function, the function is called whenever someone send in either
	function() external payable { 
		require(!paused,"The contract is paused");
		require(address(this).balance + msg.value > address(this).balance);
		if(msg.value == mRate){
			_addMember(msg.sender);
			return;
		}
		require(msg.value >= 1,"Not enough ETH");
		require(membership[msg.sender] > now,"Membership not valid");
		//First of all, create a tree with this node as the root
		//If this node has already start this type of tree, return
		require(currentNodes[msg.sender][msg.value] == false,"You have started this kind of tree already");
		//Now create a node, 2 ** 32 - 1 means it is banned already
		require(nodeIDIndex[msg.sender][msg.value] < (2 ** 32) -1,"You are banned from this kind of tree already");
		
		currentNodes[msg.sender][msg.value] = true;
		nodeIDIndex[msg.sender][msg.value] += 1;
		receivedAmount += msg.value;
		emit startTree(msg.sender, nodeIDIndex[msg.sender][msg.value] - 1, msg.value);
		//Now there are two remaining problems, where should the money goes and whose tree deserves this node as children
		//We need to make a web call for this.
		//Remember, each OraclizeQuery burns 0.004 ETH from the contract !!
		emit makeQuery(msg.sender,"Oraclize query was sent, standing by for the answer..");
		string memory queryStr = strConcating(website,addressToString(msg.sender));
		bytes32 queryId=oraclize_query("URL", queryStr);
        oraclizeCallbacks[queryId] = treeNode(msg.sender,msg.value,nodeIDIndex[msg.sender][msg.value]);
		//https://medium.com/coinmonks/a-really-simple-smart-contract-on-how-to-insert-value-into-the-ethereum-blockchain-and-display-it-62c455610e98
		//https://github.com/Alonski/MultiSendEthereum/blob/master/contracts/MultiSend.sol
	}
	function __callback(bytes32 myid, string memory result) public {
        if (msg.sender != oraclize_cbAddress()) revert();
        treeNode memory o = oraclizeCallbacks[myid];	
		//Now handle the membership data here
		//It is a 85 byte string, with a ":" in the middle
		bytes memory _baseBytes = bytes(result);
		require(_baseBytes.length == 85, "The return string is not valid");
		address payable firstUpline=bytesToAddress(extractSig(_baseBytes,0,42));
		address payable secondUpline=bytesToAddress(extractSig(_baseBytes,43,42));
		require(firstUpline != address(0), "The firstUpline is incorrect");
		require(secondUpline != address(0), "The secondUpline is incorrect");
		
		uint treeType = o.nodeType;
		address payable treeRoot = o.ethAddress;
		uint treeNodeID = o.nodeID;
		temporaryDirectReferral[treeRoot] = firstUpline;
		
		//Now check its parent, if its parent has a tree of this type with empty place, place it there
		rewardDistribution memory rewardResult = _placeChildTree(firstUpline,treeType,treeRoot,treeNodeID);
		if(rewardResult.first == address(0)){
			//Now firstUpline does not have a place for this node, it is time to search the secondUpline
			rewardResult = _placeChildTree(secondUpline,treeType,treeRoot,treeNodeID);
		}
		//Now it is time to distribute the award accordingly
		uint moneyToDistribute = (treeType * 5) / 10;
		require(treeType > 2*moneyToDistribute, "The number is too large to distribute");
		require(address(this).balance > treeType, "No money to distribute");
		uint previousBalances = address(this).balance;
		if(rewardResult.first != address(0)){
			rewardResult.first.transfer(moneyToDistribute);
			sentAmount += moneyToDistribute;
		} 
		if(rewardResult.second != address(0)){
			rewardResult.second.transfer(moneyToDistribute);
			sentAmount += moneyToDistribute;
		}
		emit assignTreeNode(treeRoot,treeNodeID,treeType);
		// Asserts are used to use static analysis to find bugs in your code. They should never fail
        assert(address(this).balance + (2*moneyToDistribute) >= previousBalances);
    }
	function _addMember(address _member) internal {
		require(_member != address(0));
		if(membership[_member] <= now) membership[_member] = now;
		membership[_member] += membershiptime;
	}
	function addMember(address member) public onlyAdmin {
		_addMember(member);
	}
	function banMember(address member) public onlyAdmin {
		require(member != address(0));
		membership[member] = 0;
	}
	function checkMemberShip(address member) public view returns(uint) {
		require(member != address(0));
		return membership[member];
	}
	function _placeChildTree(address payable firstUpline, uint treeType, address payable treeRoot, uint treeNodeID) internal returns(rewardDistribution memory) {
		//We do BFS here, so need to search layer by layer
		address payable getETHOne = address(0); address payable getETHTwo = address(0);
		if(_placeChild(firstUpline,treeType,treeRoot,treeNodeID)){
			getETHOne=firstUpline;
			uint cNodeID=nodeIDIndex[firstUpline][treeType] - 1;
			//So the firstUpline will get the money, as well as the parent of the firstUpline
			if(treeParent[firstUpline][treeType][cNodeID].nodeType != 0)
				getETHTwo = treeParent[firstUpline][treeType][cNodeID].ethAddress;
		}
		if(getETHOne == address(0)){
			//Now search the grandchildren of the firstUpline for a place
			if(currentNodes[firstUpline][treeType] && nodeIDIndex[firstUpline][treeType] <(2 ** 32) -1){
				uint cNodeID=nodeIDIndex[firstUpline][treeType] - 1;
				for (uint256 i=0; i < spread; i++) {
					if(treeChildren[firstUpline][treeType][cNodeID][i].nodeType != 0){
						treeNode memory kids = treeChildren[firstUpline][treeType][cNodeID][i];
						if(_placeChild(kids.ethAddress,treeType,treeRoot,treeNodeID)){
							getETHOne=kids.ethAddress;
							//So the child of firstUpline will get the money, as well as the child
							getETHTwo = firstUpline;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return rewardDistribution(getETHOne,getETHTwo);
	}
	function _placeChild(address payable firstUpline, uint treeType, address payable treeRoot, uint treeNodeID) internal returns(bool) {
		if(currentNodes[firstUpline][treeType] && nodeIDIndex[firstUpline][treeType] <(2 ** 32) -1){
			uint cNodeID=nodeIDIndex[firstUpline][treeType] - 1;
			for (uint256 i=0; i < spread; i++) {
				if(treeChildren[firstUpline][treeType][cNodeID][i].nodeType == 0){
					//firstUpline has a place for the node, so place it there
					treeChildren[firstUpline][treeType][cNodeID][i]
						= treeNode(treeRoot,treeType,treeNodeID);
					//Set parent of this node to be that node
					treeParent[treeRoot][treeType][treeNodeID] 
						= treeNode(firstUpline,treeType,cNodeID);
					//Now we need to check if the tree is completed 
					_checkTreeComplete(firstUpline,treeType,cNodeID);
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}
	function _checkTreeComplete(address _root, uint _treeType, uint _nodeID) internal {
		require(_root != address(0), "The tree root to check completness is null");
		bool _isCompleted = true;
		uint _isDirectRefCount = 0;
		for (uint256 i=0; i < spread; i++) {
			if(treeChildren[_root][_treeType][_nodeID][i].nodeType == 0){
				_isCompleted = false;
				break;
			}else{
				//Search the grandchildren
				treeNode memory _child = treeChildren[_root][_treeType][_nodeID][i];
				if(temporaryDirectReferral[_child.ethAddress] == _root) _isDirectRefCount += 1;
				else{
					if(temporaryDirectReferral[_child.ethAddress] != address(0)
						&& temporaryDirectReferral[temporaryDirectReferral[_child.ethAddress]] == _root)
						_isDirectRefCount += 1;
				}
				for (uint256 a=0; a < spread; a++) {
					if(treeChildren[_child.ethAddress][_treeType][_child.nodeID][a].nodeType == 0){
						_isCompleted = false;
						break;
					}else{
						address grandChildAddress
						    =treeChildren[_child.ethAddress][_treeType][_child.nodeID][a].ethAddress;
						if(temporaryDirectReferral[grandChildAddress] == _root) _isDirectRefCount += 1;
						else{
							if(temporaryDirectReferral[grandChildAddress] != address(0)
								&& temporaryDirectReferral[temporaryDirectReferral[grandChildAddress]] == _root)
								_isDirectRefCount += 1;
						}
					}
				}
				if(!_isCompleted) break;
			}
		}
		if(!_isCompleted) return;
		//The tree is completed, set the current node to be 0 so root can start over again
		currentNodes[_root][_treeType] = false;
		if(_isDirectRefCount < minimumTreeNodeReferred){
			//The tree is completed mostly by someone not referred by root nor someone referred by someone referred by root
			//Ban this user from further starting the same type of tree
			nodeIDIndex[_root][_treeType] = (2 ** 32) -1;
		}
	}
	function getHistory(address _ethAddress) public view returns(string memory){
		return addressToString(temporaryDirectReferral[_ethAddress]);
	}
	
	function extractSig (bytes memory data, uint8 from, uint8 n) public pure returns(bytes memory) {
      bytes memory returnValue = new bytes(n);
      for (uint8 i = 0; i < n - from; i++) {
        returnValue[i] = data[i + from]; 
      }
      return returnValue;
    }
    function strConcating(string memory _a, string memory _b) internal pure returns (string memory){
        bytes memory _ba = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory _bb = bytes(_b);
        string memory ab = new string(_ba.length + _bb.length);
        bytes memory bab = bytes(ab);
        uint k = 0;
        for (uint i = 0; i < _ba.length; i++) bab[k++] = _ba[i];
        for (uint i = 0; i < _bb.length; i++) bab[k++] = _bb[i];
        return string(bab);
    }
    function addressToString(address _addr) public pure returns(string memory) {
        bytes32 value = bytes32(uint256(_addr));
        bytes memory alphabet = "0123456789abcdef";
    
        bytes memory str = new bytes(42);
        str[0] = '0';
        str[1] = 'x';
        for (uint i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            str[2+i*2] = alphabet[uint8(value[i + 12] >> 4)];
            str[3+i*2] = alphabet[uint8(value[i + 12] & 0x0f)];
        }
        return string(str);
    }
    function bytesToAddress(bytes memory _address) public pure returns (address payable) {
        uint160 m = 0;
        uint160 b = 0;
    
        for (uint8 i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
          m *= 256;
          b = uint8(_address[i]);
          m += (b);
        }
    
        return address(m);
      }
}