// File: /contracts/GPO.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/presets/ERC20PresetFixedSupply.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol";
import "@uniswap/v3-periphery/contracts/interfaces/ISwapRouter.sol";
import "@uniswap/v3-periphery/contracts/libraries/TransferHelper.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";

contract GPO is ERC20PresetFixedSupply, Pausable, Ownable, AccessControl {
    
    // TokenSwaped event is emitted anytime there is a swap between GPO and USDC on the GoldPesa.com decentralized exchange powered by Uniswap
    event TokensSwaped(
        address indexed purchaser,
        uint256 amountIn,
        uint256 amountOut,
        bool direction // false: GPO-X, true: X-GPO
    );

    // FeeSplit stores the "recipient" wallet address and the respective percentage of the feeOnSwap which are to be sent to it.  
    struct FeeSplit {
        address recipient;
        uint16 fee;
    }

    // Token Name
    string public _name = "GoldPesa Option";
    // Token Symbol
    string public _symbol = "GPO";
    // GPO Hard Cap
    uint256 public constant fixedSupply = 100_000_000;
    // Wallet Hard Cap
    uint256 public constant capOnWallet = 100_000;
    // GoldPesa fee on swap percentage
    uint256 public feeOnSwap = 10;
    // Uniswap Router Address
    ISwapRouter public immutable swapRouter;
    // USDC ERC20 token Address
    address public addrUSDC;
    // Uniswap V3 Pool Fee * 10000 = 1 %
    uint24 private swapPoolFee = 10000;
    // Uniswap V3 GPO/USDC liquidity pool address
    address public authorizedPool;
    // Time when Pre-Sale and Sale tokens will be unlocked (Unix Time)
    uint256 public walletsTimelockedUntil;
    // When freeTrade is true the token bypasses the hard cap on wallet and can be traded freely on any exchange
    bool public freeTrade = false;
    // The feeOnSwap percentage is distributed to the addresses and their respective percentage which are held in the feeSplits array
    FeeSplit[] public feeSplits;
    // Keeps a record of the number of addresses in the feeSplits array 
    uint256 public feeSplitsLength;

    // Defines an Access Control role called "CAN_LOCK" which is granted to addresses which are allowed to lock wallet addresses during the Sale and Pre-Sale phase
    bytes32 public constant AUTHORIZED_LOCK =
        keccak256("CAN_LOCK");
    modifier authorizedLocker() {
        require(hasRole(AUTHORIZED_LOCK, _msgSender()));
        _;
    }
    // Mapping which holds information of the wallet addresses which are locked (true) /unlocked (false)
    mapping(address => bool) public lockedWallets;
    // Mapping which holds details of the wallet addresses which bypass the wallet hard cap and are able to swap with the Uniswap GPO/USDC liquidity pool
    mapping(address => bool) public whitelistedWallets;
    // Mapping which holds details of the amount of GPO tokens are locked in the lockedWallets mapping 
    mapping(address => uint256) public lockedWalletsAmount;
    bool public swapEnabled = false;

    // Upon deployment, the constructor is only executed once
    constructor(
        ISwapRouter _swapRouter,
        uint256 _walletsTimelockedUntil
    ) ERC20PresetFixedSupply(_name, _symbol, hardCapOnToken(), address(this)) {
        swapRouter = _swapRouter;
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, _msgSender());
        walletsTimelockedUntil = _walletsTimelockedUntil;
        whitelistedWallets[address(0x0)] = true;
        whitelistedWallets[address(this)] = true;
    }

    // Enables GoldPesa to manually transfer GPO tokens from the GPO contract to another wallet address
    function transferTokensTo(address _to, uint256 amount) public onlyOwner {
        _transfer(address(this), _to, amount);
    }
    // Enables GoldPesa to manually add or remove wallet addresses from the whitelistedWallets mapping
    function changeWalletWhitelist(address _addr, bool yesOrNo) public onlyOwner {
        whitelistedWallets[_addr] = yesOrNo;
    }
    // Sets the USDC contract address, the Uniswap pool fee and accordingly includes the derived Uniswap liquidity pool address to the whitelistedWallets mapping
    function setPoolParameters(address USDC, uint24 poolFee) public onlyOwner {
        addrUSDC = USDC;
        swapPoolFee = poolFee;
        whitelistedWallets[authorizedPool] = false;

        // taken from @uniswap/v3-periphery/contracts/libraries/PoolAddress.sol
        address token0 = address(this);
        address token1 = USDC;
        if (token0 > token1) (token0, token1) = (token1, token0);

        authorizedPool = address(
            uint160(
                uint256(
                    keccak256(
                        abi.encodePacked(
                            hex'ff',
                            0x1F98431c8aD98523631AE4a59f267346ea31F984,
                            keccak256(abi.encode(token0, token1, poolFee)),
                            bytes32(0xe34f199b19b2b4f47f68442619d555527d244f78a3297ea89325f843f87b8b54)
                        )
                    )
                )
            )
        );
        whitelistedWallets[authorizedPool] = true;
    }
    // Enables GoldPesa to set the state of the contract to "freeTrade" 
    function switchFreeTrade() public onlyOwner {
        freeTrade = !freeTrade;
    }

    function switchSwapEnabled() public onlyOwner {
        swapEnabled = !swapEnabled;
    }

    // Enables GoldPesa to set the feeOnSwap 
    function setFeeOnSwap(uint24 _feeOnSwap) public onlyOwner {
        feeOnSwap = _feeOnSwap;
    }
    // Enables GoldPesa to set the "feeOnSwap" distribution details 
    function setFeeSplits(FeeSplit[] memory _feeSplits) public onlyOwner {
        uint256 grandTotal = 0;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _feeSplits.length; i++) {
            FeeSplit memory f = _feeSplits[i];
            grandTotal += f.fee;
        }
        require(_feeSplits.length == 0 || grandTotal == 100);
        // temporarily allow 0 fee splits for tests for manual fee distribution
        delete feeSplits;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _feeSplits.length; i++) {
            feeSplits.push(_feeSplits[i]);
        }
        feeSplitsLength = _feeSplits.length;
    }
    // Distributes the feeOnSwap amount collected during any swap transaction to the addresses defined in the "feeSplits" array
    function distributeFee(uint256 amount) internal {
        uint256 grandTotal = 0;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < feeSplits.length; i++) {
            FeeSplit storage f = feeSplits[i];
            uint256 distributeAmount = amount * f.fee / 100;
            IERC20(addrUSDC).transfer(f.recipient, distributeAmount);
            grandTotal += distributeAmount;
        }
        if (grandTotal != amount && feeSplits.length > 0) {
            FeeSplit storage f = feeSplits[0];
            IERC20(addrUSDC).transfer(f.recipient, amount - grandTotal);
        }
    }
    // Defines the rules that must be satisfied before GPO can be transferred
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
        // Ensures that GPO token holders cannot burn their own tokens
        require(to != address(0x0) || whitelistedWallets[from], "GPO_ERR: Cannot burn");
        // Ensures that GPO token holders cannot execute a swap directly with the GPO/USDC liquidity pool on Uniswap. All swaps must be executed on the GoldPesa DEX unless 
        // "freeTrade" has be enabled
        if (authorizedPool != address(0x0) && (from == authorizedPool || to == authorizedPool)) 
            require(freeTrade || (whitelistedWallets[to] && whitelistedWallets[from]), "GPO_ERR: UniswapV3 functionality is only allowed through GPO's protocol"); 
        // Unless "freeTrade" has been enabled this require statement rejects any transfers to wallets which will break the 100,000 GPO wallet hard cap unless the 
        // receiving wallet address is a "whitelistedWallet"
        require(
            freeTrade || 
            from == address(0x0) ||
            whitelistedWallets[to] || 
            balanceOf(to) + amount <= hardCapOnWallet(),
            "GPO_ERR: Hard cap on wallet reached"
        );
        // Disables all GPO transfers if the token has been paused by GoldPesa
        require(!paused(), "ERC20Pausable: token transfer while paused");
        // Rejects transfers made from locked wallets which are greater than the wallet's "lockedWalletsAmount" until the date where all tokens are unlocked
        require(block.timestamp >= walletsTimelockedUntil || 
            !lockedWallets[from] || 
            (lockedWallets[from] && amount <= (balanceOf(from) - lockedWalletsAmount[from])), "Cannot transfer token as the wallet is locked");
    }
    // Internal mint function which cannot be called externally after the GPO contract is deployed ensuring that the GPO token hard cap of 100,000,000 is not breached
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
        // Ensures that GPO token hard cap of 100,000,000 is not breached even if the mint function is called internally
        require(
            ERC20.totalSupply() + amount <= hardCapOnToken(),
            "ERC20Capped: cap exceeded"
        );
        super._mint(account, amount);
    }

    // Returns the GPO token hard cap ("fixedSupply") in wei
    function hardCapOnToken() public view returns (uint256) {
        return fixedSupply * (10**(uint256(decimals())));
    }
    // Returns the GPO token wallet hard cap ("capOnWallet") in wei
    function hardCapOnWallet() public view returns (uint256) {
        return capOnWallet * (10**(uint256(decimals())));
    }
    // Returns the GoldPesa feeOnSwap in USDC which is used in the swap functions
    function calculateFeeOnSwap(uint256 amount)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return amount * feeOnSwap / 100;
    }
    // Enables GoldPesa to lock and unlock wallet address manually 
    function lockUnlockWallet(address account, bool yesOrNo, uint256 amount) public authorizedLocker {
        lockedWallets[account] = yesOrNo;
        if (yesOrNo) {
            uint256 lockedValue = lockedWalletsAmount[account] + amount;
            require(lockedValue <= balanceOf(account));
            lockedWalletsAmount[account] = lockedValue;
        } else {
            lockedWalletsAmount[account] = 0;
        }
    }
    // Pause the GPO token transfers
    function pause() public onlyOwner {
        _pause();
    }
    // Unpause the GPO token transfer
    function unpause() public onlyOwner {
        _unpause();
    }

    // User defines the exact amount of USDC they would like to receive while swaping GPO for USDC using the GPO/USDC Uniswap V3 liquidity pool.
    // Any extra GPO tokens not used in the Swap are returned back to the user.
    function swapToExactOutput(uint256 amountInMaximum, uint256 amountOut, uint256 deadline) external returns (uint256 amountIn) {
        require(swapEnabled || whitelistedWallets[_msgSender()]);
        
        _transfer(_msgSender(), address(this), amountInMaximum);
        _approve(address(this), address(swapRouter), amountInMaximum);

        if (deadline == 0)
            deadline = block.timestamp + 30*60;
        
        ISwapRouter.ExactOutputSingleParams memory params =
            ISwapRouter.ExactOutputSingleParams({
                tokenIn: address(this),
                tokenOut: addrUSDC,
                fee: swapPoolFee,
                recipient: address(this),
                deadline: deadline,
                amountOut: amountOut,
                amountInMaximum: amountInMaximum,
                sqrtPriceLimitX96: 0
            });
        amountIn = swapRouter.exactOutputSingle(params);
        uint256 fee = calculateFeeOnSwap(amountOut);
        uint256 amountSwap = amountOut - fee;
        
        TransferHelper.safeTransfer(addrUSDC, _msgSender(), amountSwap);
        distributeFee(fee); 

        if (amountIn < amountInMaximum) {
            _transfer(address(this), _msgSender(), amountInMaximum - amountIn);
        } 
        emit TokensSwaped(_msgSender(), amountIn, amountOut, false);
    }
    // User defines the exact amount of GPO they would like to spend while swaping GPO for USDC using the GPO/USDC Uniswap V3 liquidity pool.
    function swapToExactInput(uint256 amountIn, uint256 amountOutMinimum, uint256 deadline ) external returns (uint256 amountOut) {
        require(swapEnabled || whitelistedWallets[_msgSender()]);

        _transfer(_msgSender(), address(this), amountIn);
        _approve(address(this), address(swapRouter), amountIn);

        if (deadline == 0)
            deadline = block.timestamp + 30*60;

        ISwapRouter.ExactInputSingleParams memory params = ISwapRouter
            .ExactInputSingleParams({
                tokenIn: address(this),
                tokenOut: addrUSDC,
                fee: swapPoolFee,
                recipient: address(this),
                deadline: deadline,
                amountIn: amountIn,
                amountOutMinimum: amountOutMinimum,
                sqrtPriceLimitX96: 0
            });

        amountOut = swapRouter.exactInputSingle(params);

        uint256 fee = calculateFeeOnSwap(amountOut);
        uint256 amountSwap = amountOut - fee;

        TransferHelper.safeTransfer(addrUSDC, _msgSender(), amountSwap);
        distributeFee(fee);

        emit TokensSwaped(_msgSender(), amountIn, amountOut, false);

        return amountSwap;
    }
    // User defines the exact amount of GPO they would like to receive while swaping USDC for GPO using the GPO/USDC Uniswap V3 liquidity pool.
    // Any extra USDC tokens not used in the Swap are returned back to the user.
    function swapFromExactOutput(uint256 amountInMaximum, uint256 amountOut, uint256 deadline) external returns (uint256 amountIn) {
        require(swapEnabled || whitelistedWallets[_msgSender()]);

        TransferHelper.safeTransferFrom(addrUSDC, _msgSender(), address(this), amountInMaximum);
        uint256 fee = calculateFeeOnSwap(amountInMaximum);
        uint256 amountSwap = amountInMaximum - fee;
        distributeFee(fee);

        
        if (deadline == 0)
            deadline = block.timestamp + 30*60;
        
        TransferHelper.safeApprove(addrUSDC, address(swapRouter), amountSwap);
        ISwapRouter.ExactOutputSingleParams memory params = ISwapRouter.ExactOutputSingleParams({
                tokenIn: addrUSDC,
                tokenOut: address(this),
                fee: swapPoolFee,
                recipient: address(this),
                deadline: deadline,
                amountOut: amountOut,
                amountInMaximum: amountSwap,
                sqrtPriceLimitX96: 0
        });
        amountIn = swapRouter.exactOutputSingle(params);
        
        _transfer(address(this), _msgSender(), amountOut);

        if (amountIn < amountSwap) {
            TransferHelper.safeTransfer(addrUSDC, _msgSender(), amountSwap - amountIn);
        } 

        emit TokensSwaped(_msgSender(), amountIn, amountOut, true);
    }
    // User defines the exact amount of USDC they would like to spend while swaping USDC for GPO using the GPO/USDC Uniswap V3 liquidity pool.
    function swapFromExactInput(uint256 amountIn, uint256 amountOutMinimum, uint256 deadline) external returns (uint256 amountOut) {
        require(swapEnabled || whitelistedWallets[_msgSender()]);

        uint256 fee = calculateFeeOnSwap(amountIn);
        TransferHelper.safeTransferFrom(addrUSDC, _msgSender(), address(this), amountIn);
        uint256 amountSwap = amountIn - fee;
        distributeFee(fee);
        TransferHelper.safeApprove(addrUSDC, address(swapRouter), amountSwap);

        if (deadline == 0)
            deadline = block.timestamp + 30*60;

        ISwapRouter.ExactInputSingleParams memory params = ISwapRouter
            .ExactInputSingleParams({
                tokenIn: addrUSDC,
                tokenOut: address(this),
                fee: swapPoolFee,
                recipient: address(this),
                deadline: deadline,
                amountIn: amountSwap,
                amountOutMinimum: amountOutMinimum,
                sqrtPriceLimitX96: 0
            });
        amountOut = swapRouter.exactInputSingle(params);
        _transfer(address(this), _msgSender(), amountOut);

        emit TokensSwaped(_msgSender(), amountIn, amountOut, true);
    }


}

// File: @uniswap/v3-periphery/contracts/libraries/TransferHelper.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
pragma solidity >=0.6.0;

import '@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol';

library TransferHelper {
    /// @notice Transfers tokens from the targeted address to the given destination
    /// @notice Errors with 'STF' if transfer fails
    /// @param token The contract address of the token to be transferred
    /// @param from The originating address from which the tokens will be transferred
    /// @param to The destination address of the transfer
    /// @param value The amount to be transferred
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        (bool success, bytes memory data) =
            token.call(abi.encodeWithSelector(IERC20.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
        require(success && (data.length == 0 || abi.decode(data, (bool))), 'STF');
    }

    /// @notice Transfers tokens from msg.sender to a recipient
    /// @dev Errors with ST if transfer fails
    /// @param token The contract address of the token which will be transferred
    /// @param to The recipient of the transfer
    /// @param value The value of the transfer
    function safeTransfer(
        address token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        (bool success, bytes memory data) = token.call(abi.encodeWithSelector(IERC20.transfer.selector, to, value));
        require(success && (data.length == 0 || abi.decode(data, (bool))), 'ST');
    }

    /// @notice Approves the stipulated contract to spend the given allowance in the given token
    /// @dev Errors with 'SA' if transfer fails
    /// @param token The contract address of the token to be approved
    /// @param to The target of the approval
    /// @param value The amount of the given token the target will be allowed to spend
    function safeApprove(
        address token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        (bool success, bytes memory data) = token.call(abi.encodeWithSelector(IERC20.approve.selector, to, value));
        require(success && (data.length == 0 || abi.decode(data, (bool))), 'SA');
    }

    /// @notice Transfers ETH to the recipient address
    /// @dev Fails with `STE`
    /// @param to The destination of the transfer
    /// @param value The value to be transferred
    function safeTransferETH(address to, uint256 value) internal {
        (bool success, ) = to.call{value: value}(new bytes(0));
        require(success, 'STE');
    }
}

// File: @uniswap/v3-periphery/contracts/interfaces/ISwapRouter.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
pragma solidity >=0.7.5;
pragma abicoder v2;

import '@uniswap/v3-core/contracts/interfaces/callback/IUniswapV3SwapCallback.sol';

/// @title Router token swapping functionality
/// @notice Functions for swapping tokens via Uniswap V3
interface ISwapRouter is IUniswapV3SwapCallback {
    struct ExactInputSingleParams {
        address tokenIn;
        address tokenOut;
        uint24 fee;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountIn;
        uint256 amountOutMinimum;
        uint160 sqrtPriceLimitX96;
    }

    /// @notice Swaps `amountIn` of one token for as much as possible of another token
    /// @param params The parameters necessary for the swap, encoded as `ExactInputSingleParams` in calldata
    /// @return amountOut The amount of the received token
    function exactInputSingle(ExactInputSingleParams calldata params) external payable returns (uint256 amountOut);

    struct ExactInputParams {
        bytes path;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountIn;
        uint256 amountOutMinimum;
    }

    /// @notice Swaps `amountIn` of one token for as much as possible of another along the specified path
    /// @param params The parameters necessary for the multi-hop swap, encoded as `ExactInputParams` in calldata
    /// @return amountOut The amount of the received token
    function exactInput(ExactInputParams calldata params) external payable returns (uint256 amountOut);

    struct ExactOutputSingleParams {
        address tokenIn;
        address tokenOut;
        uint24 fee;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountOut;
        uint256 amountInMaximum;
        uint160 sqrtPriceLimitX96;
    }

    /// @notice Swaps as little as possible of one token for `amountOut` of another token
    /// @param params The parameters necessary for the swap, encoded as `ExactOutputSingleParams` in calldata
    /// @return amountIn The amount of the input token
    function exactOutputSingle(ExactOutputSingleParams calldata params) external payable returns (uint256 amountIn);

    struct ExactOutputParams {
        bytes path;
        address recipient;
        uint256 deadline;
        uint256 amountOut;
        uint256 amountInMaximum;
    }

    /// @notice Swaps as little as possible of one token for `amountOut` of another along the specified path (reversed)
    /// @param params The parameters necessary for the multi-hop swap, encoded as `ExactOutputParams` in calldata
    /// @return amountIn The amount of the input token
    function exactOutput(ExactOutputParams calldata params) external payable returns (uint256 amountIn);
}

// File: @uniswap/v3-core/contracts/interfaces/callback/IUniswapV3SwapCallback.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
pragma solidity >=0.5.0;

/// @title Callback for IUniswapV3PoolActions#swap
/// @notice Any contract that calls IUniswapV3PoolActions#swap must implement this interface
interface IUniswapV3SwapCallback {
    /// @notice Called to `msg.sender` after executing a swap via IUniswapV3Pool#swap.
    /// @dev In the implementation you must pay the pool tokens owed for the swap.
    /// The caller of this method must be checked to be a UniswapV3Pool deployed by the canonical UniswapV3Factory.
    /// amount0Delta and amount1Delta can both be 0 if no tokens were swapped.
    /// @param amount0Delta The amount of token0 that was sent (negative) or must be received (positive) by the pool by
    /// the end of the swap. If positive, the callback must send that amount of token0 to the pool.
    /// @param amount1Delta The amount of token1 that was sent (negative) or must be received (positive) by the pool by
    /// the end of the swap. If positive, the callback must send that amount of token1 to the pool.
    /// @param data Any data passed through by the caller via the IUniswapV3PoolActions#swap call
    function uniswapV3SwapCallback(
        int256 amount0Delta,
        int256 amount1Delta,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/presets/ERC20PresetFixedSupply.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol";

/**
 * @dev {ERC20} token, including:
 *
 *  - Preminted initial supply
 *  - Ability for holders to burn (destroy) their tokens
 *  - No access control mechanism (for minting/pausing) and hence no governance
 *
 * This contract uses {ERC20Burnable} to include burn capabilities - head to
 * its documentation for details.
 *
 * _Available since v3.4._
 */
contract ERC20PresetFixedSupply is ERC20Burnable {
    /**
     * @dev Mints `initialSupply` amount of token and transfers them to `owner`.
     *
     * See {ERC20-constructor}.
     */
    constructor(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        uint256 initialSupply,
        address owner
    ) ERC20(name, symbol) {
        _mint(owner, initialSupply);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC20.sol";
import "../../../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {ERC20} that allows token holders to destroy both their own
 * tokens and those that they have an allowance for, in a way that can be
 * recognized off-chain (via event analysis).
 */
abstract contract ERC20Burnable is Context, ERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from the caller.
     *
     * See {ERC20-_burn}.
     */
    function burn(uint256 amount) public virtual {
        _burn(_msgSender(), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, deducting from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * See {ERC20-_burn} and {ERC20-allowance}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``accounts``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function burnFrom(address account, uint256 amount) public virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(account, _msgSender());
        require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds allowance");
        unchecked {
            _approve(account, _msgSender(), currentAllowance - amount);
        }
        _burn(account, amount);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC20.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
    mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To select a different value for
     * {decimals} you should overload it.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless this function is
     * overridden;
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``sender``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        _transfer(sender, recipient, amount);

        uint256 currentAllowance = _allowances[sender][_msgSender()];
        require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance");
        unchecked {
            _approve(sender, _msgSender(), currentAllowance - amount);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender] + addedValue);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        uint256 currentAllowance = _allowances[_msgSender()][spender];
        require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
        unchecked {
            _approve(_msgSender(), spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `sender` to `recipient`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(sender != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        require(recipient != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(sender, recipient, amount);

        uint256 senderBalance = _balances[sender];
        require(senderBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[sender] = senderBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[recipient] += amount;

        emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(sender, recipient, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _totalSupply += amount;
        _balances[account] += amount;
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);

        uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
        require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
        }
        _totalSupply -= amount;

        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * will be transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * has been transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    constructor() {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _setOwner(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _setOwner(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _setOwner(newOwner);
    }

    function _setOwner(address newOwner) private {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/IAccessControl.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IAccessControl.sol";
import "../utils/Context.sol";
import "../utils/Strings.sol";
import "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address => bool) members;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with a standardized message including the required role.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view override returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].members[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revert with a standard message if `account` is missing `role`.
     *
     * The format of the revert reason is given by the following regular expression:
     *
     *  /^AccessControl: account (0x[0-9a-f]{40}) is missing role (0x[0-9a-f]{64})$/
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert(
                string(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        "AccessControl: account ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint160(account), 20),
                        " is missing role ",
                        Strings.toHexString(uint256(role), 32)
                    )
                )
            );
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view override returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `account`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override {
        require(account == _msgSender(), "AccessControl: can only renounce roles for self");

        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event. Note that unlike {grantRole}, this function doesn't perform any
     * checks on the calling account.
     *
     * [WARNING]
     * ====
     * This function should only be called from the constructor when setting
     * up the initial roles for the system.
     *
     * Using this function in any other way is effectively circumventing the admin
     * system imposed by {AccessControl}.
     * ====
     */
    function _setupRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) private {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }

    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) private {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].members[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
        }
    }
}