// solium-disable linebreak-style
pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

contract OraclizeI {
    address public cbAddress;
    function query(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg) payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg, uint _gaslimit) payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query2(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg1, string _arg2) payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query2_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg1, string _arg2, uint _gaslimit) payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function queryN(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, bytes _argN) payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function queryN_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, bytes _argN, uint _gaslimit) payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function getPrice(string _datasource) returns (uint _dsprice);
    function getPrice(string _datasource, uint gaslimit) returns (uint _dsprice);
    function useCoupon(string _coupon);
    function setProofType(byte _proofType);
    function setConfig(bytes32 _config);
    function setCustomGasPrice(uint _gasPrice);
    function randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash() returns(bytes32);
}

contract OraclizeAddrResolverI {
    function getAddress() returns (address _addr);
}

/*
Begin solidity-cborutils
https://github.com/smartcontractkit/solidity-cborutils
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2018 SmartContract ChainLink, Ltd.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
 */

library Buffer {
    struct buffer {
        bytes buf;
        uint capacity;
    }

    function init(buffer memory buf, uint _capacity) internal constant {
        uint capacity = _capacity;
        if(capacity % 32 != 0) capacity += 32 - (capacity % 32);
        // Allocate space for the buffer data
        buf.capacity = capacity;
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(buf, ptr)
            mstore(ptr, 0)
            mstore(0x40, add(ptr, capacity))
        }
    }

    function resize(buffer memory buf, uint capacity) private constant {
        bytes memory oldbuf = buf.buf;
        init(buf, capacity);
        append(buf, oldbuf);
    }

    function max(uint a, uint b) private constant returns(uint) {
        if(a > b) {
            return a;
        }
        return b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Appends a byte array to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so
     *      would exceed the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param buf The buffer to append to.
     * @param data The data to append.
     * @return The original buffer.
     */
    function append(buffer memory buf, bytes data) internal constant returns(buffer memory) {
        if(data.length + buf.buf.length > buf.capacity) {
            resize(buf, max(buf.capacity, data.length) * 2);
        }

        uint dest;
        uint src;
        uint len = data.length;
        assembly {
            // Memory address of the buffer data
            let bufptr := mload(buf)
            // Length of existing buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr)
            // Start address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length)
            dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), 32)
            // Update buffer length
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, mload(data)))
            src := add(data, 32)
        }

        // Copy word-length chunks while possible
        for(; len >= 32; len -= 32) {
            assembly {
                mstore(dest, mload(src))
            }
            dest += 32;
            src += 32;
        }

        // Copy remaining bytes
        uint mask = 256 ** (32 - len) - 1;
        assembly {
            let srcpart := and(mload(src), not(mask))
            let destpart := and(mload(dest), mask)
            mstore(dest, or(destpart, srcpart))
        }

        return buf;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Appends a byte to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so would
     * exceed the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param buf The buffer to append to.
     * @param data The data to append.
     * @return The original buffer.
     */
    function append(buffer memory buf, uint8 data) internal constant {
        if(buf.buf.length + 1 > buf.capacity) {
            resize(buf, buf.capacity * 2);
        }

        assembly {
            // Memory address of the buffer data
            let bufptr := mload(buf)
            // Length of existing buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr)
            // Address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length)
            let dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), 32)
            mstore8(dest, data)
            // Update buffer length
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, 1))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Appends a byte to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so would
     * exceed the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param buf The buffer to append to.
     * @param data The data to append.
     * @return The original buffer.
     */
    function appendInt(buffer memory buf, uint data, uint len) internal constant returns(buffer memory) {
        if(len + buf.buf.length > buf.capacity) {
            resize(buf, max(buf.capacity, len) * 2);
        }

        uint mask = 256 ** len - 1;
        assembly {
            // Memory address of the buffer data
            let bufptr := mload(buf)
            // Length of existing buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr)
            // Address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length) + len
            let dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), len)
            mstore(dest, or(and(mload(dest), not(mask)), data))
            // Update buffer length
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, len))
        }
        return buf;
    }
}

library CBOR {
    using Buffer for Buffer.buffer;

    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_INT = 0;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_NEGATIVE_INT = 1;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_BYTES = 2;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_STRING = 3;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_ARRAY = 4;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_MAP = 5;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_CONTENT_FREE = 7;

    function shl8(uint8 x, uint8 y) private constant returns (uint8) {
        return x * (2 ** y);
    }

    function encodeType(Buffer.buffer memory buf, uint8 major, uint value) private constant {
        if(value <= 23) {
            buf.append(uint8(shl8(major, 5) | value));
        } else if(value <= 0xFF) {
            buf.append(uint8(shl8(major, 5) | 24));
            buf.appendInt(value, 1);
        } else if(value <= 0xFFFF) {
            buf.append(uint8(shl8(major, 5) | 25));
            buf.appendInt(value, 2);
        } else if(value <= 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            buf.append(uint8(shl8(major, 5) | 26));
            buf.appendInt(value, 4);
        } else if(value <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
            buf.append(uint8(shl8(major, 5) | 27));
            buf.appendInt(value, 8);
        }
    }

    function encodeIndefiniteLengthType(Buffer.buffer memory buf, uint8 major) private constant {
        buf.append(uint8(shl8(major, 5) | 31));
    }

    function encodeUInt(Buffer.buffer memory buf, uint value) internal constant {
        encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_INT, value);
    }

    function encodeInt(Buffer.buffer memory buf, int value) internal constant {
        if(value >= 0) {
            encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_INT, uint(value));
        } else {
            encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_NEGATIVE_INT, uint(-1 - value));
        }
    }

    function encodeBytes(Buffer.buffer memory buf, bytes value) internal constant {
        encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_BYTES, value.length);
        buf.append(value);
    }

    function encodeString(Buffer.buffer memory buf, string value) internal constant {
        encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_STRING, bytes(value).length);
        buf.append(bytes(value));
    }

    function startArray(Buffer.buffer memory buf) internal constant {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_ARRAY);
    }

    function startMap(Buffer.buffer memory buf) internal constant {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_MAP);
    }

    function endSequence(Buffer.buffer memory buf) internal constant {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_CONTENT_FREE);
    }
}

/*
End solidity-cborutils
 */

contract usingOraclize {
    uint constant day = 60*60*24;
    uint constant week = 60*60*24*7;
    uint constant month = 60*60*24*30;
    byte constant proofType_NONE = 0x00;
    byte constant proofType_TLSNotary = 0x10;
    byte constant proofType_Ledger = 0x30;
    byte constant proofType_Android = 0x40;
    byte constant proofType_Native = 0xF0;
    byte constant proofStorage_IPFS = 0x01;
    uint8 constant networkID_auto = 0;
    uint8 constant networkID_mainnet = 1;
    uint8 constant networkID_testnet = 2;
    uint8 constant networkID_morden = 2;
    uint8 constant networkID_consensys = 161;

    OraclizeAddrResolverI OAR;

    OraclizeI oraclize;
    modifier oraclizeAPI {
        if((address(OAR)==0)||(getCodeSize(address(OAR))==0))
            oraclize_setNetwork(networkID_auto);

        if(address(oraclize) != OAR.getAddress())
            oraclize = OraclizeI(OAR.getAddress());

        _;
    }
    modifier coupon(string code){
        oraclize = OraclizeI(OAR.getAddress());
        oraclize.useCoupon(code);
        _;
    }

    function oraclize_setNetwork(uint8 networkID) internal returns(bool){
        if (getCodeSize(0x1d3B2638a7cC9f2CB3D298A3DA7a90B67E5506ed)>0){ //mainnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x1d3B2638a7cC9f2CB3D298A3DA7a90B67E5506ed);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_mainnet");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0xc03A2615D5efaf5F49F60B7BB6583eaec212fdf1)>0){ //ropsten testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0xc03A2615D5efaf5F49F60B7BB6583eaec212fdf1);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_ropsten3");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0xB7A07BcF2Ba2f2703b24C0691b5278999C59AC7e)>0){ //kovan testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0xB7A07BcF2Ba2f2703b24C0691b5278999C59AC7e);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_kovan");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x146500cfd35B22E4A392Fe0aDc06De1a1368Ed48)>0){ //rinkeby testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x146500cfd35B22E4A392Fe0aDc06De1a1368Ed48);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_rinkeby");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475)>0){ //ethereum-bridge
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475);
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x20e12A1F859B3FeaE5Fb2A0A32C18F5a65555bBF)>0){ //ether.camp ide
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x20e12A1F859B3FeaE5Fb2A0A32C18F5a65555bBF);
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x51efaF4c8B3C9AfBD5aB9F4bbC82784Ab6ef8fAA)>0){ //browser-solidity
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x51efaF4c8B3C9AfBD5aB9F4bbC82784Ab6ef8fAA);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    function __callback(bytes32 myid, string result) {
        __callback(myid, result, new bytes(0));
    }
    function __callback(bytes32 myid, string result, bytes proof) {
    }

    function oraclize_useCoupon(string code) oraclizeAPI internal {
        oraclize.useCoupon(code);
    }

    function oraclize_getPrice(string datasource) oraclizeAPI internal returns (uint){
        return oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
    }

    function oraclize_getPrice(string datasource, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (uint){
        return oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query.value(price)(0, datasource, arg);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, arg, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg1, string arg2) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2.value(price)(0, datasource, arg1, arg2);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg1, string arg2) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg1, arg2);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg1, string arg2, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg1, arg2, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg1, string arg2, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, arg1, arg2, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(0, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(0, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_cbAddress() oraclizeAPI internal returns (address){
        return oraclize.cbAddress();
    }
    function oraclize_setProof(byte proofP) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setProofType(proofP);
    }
    function oraclize_setCustomGasPrice(uint gasPrice) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setCustomGasPrice(gasPrice);
    }
    function oraclize_setConfig(bytes32 config) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setConfig(config);
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash() oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32){
        return oraclize.randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash();
    }

    function getCodeSize(address _addr) constant internal returns(uint _size) {
        assembly {
            _size := extcodesize(_addr)
        }
    }

    function parseAddr(string _a) internal returns (address){
        bytes memory tmp = bytes(_a);
        uint160 iaddr = 0;
        uint160 b1;
        uint160 b2;
        for (uint i=2; i<2+2*20; i+=2){
            iaddr *= 256;
            b1 = uint160(tmp[i]);
            b2 = uint160(tmp[i+1]);
            if ((b1 >= 97)&&(b1 <= 102)) b1 -= 87;
            else if ((b1 >= 65)&&(b1 <= 70)) b1 -= 55;
            else if ((b1 >= 48)&&(b1 <= 57)) b1 -= 48;
            if ((b2 >= 97)&&(b2 <= 102)) b2 -= 87;
            else if ((b2 >= 65)&&(b2 <= 70)) b2 -= 55;
            else if ((b2 >= 48)&&(b2 <= 57)) b2 -= 48;
            iaddr += (b1*16+b2);
        }
        return address(iaddr);
    }

    function strCompare(string _a, string _b) internal returns (int) {
        bytes memory a = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory b = bytes(_b);
        uint minLength = a.length;
        if (b.length < minLength) minLength = b.length;
        for (uint i = 0; i < minLength; i ++)
            if (a[i] < b[i])
                return -1;
            else if (a[i] > b[i])
                return 1;
        if (a.length < b.length)
            return -1;
        else if (a.length > b.length)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }

    function indexOf(string _haystack, string _needle) internal returns (int) {
        bytes memory h = bytes(_haystack);
        bytes memory n = bytes(_needle);
        if(h.length < 1 || n.length < 1 || (n.length > h.length))
            return -1;
        else if(h.length > (2**128 -1))
            return -1;
        else
        {
            uint subindex = 0;
            for (uint i = 0; i < h.length; i ++)
            {
                if (h[i] == n[0])
                {
                    subindex = 1;
                    while(subindex < n.length && (i + subindex) < h.length && h[i + subindex] == n[subindex])
                    {
                        subindex++;
                    }
                    if(subindex == n.length)
                        return int(i);
                }
            }
            return -1;
        }
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c, string _d, string _e) internal returns (string) {
        bytes memory _ba = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory _bb = bytes(_b);
        bytes memory _bc = bytes(_c);
        bytes memory _bd = bytes(_d);
        bytes memory _be = bytes(_e);
        string memory abcde = new string(_ba.length + _bb.length + _bc.length + _bd.length + _be.length);
        bytes memory babcde = bytes(abcde);
        uint k = 0;
        for (uint i = 0; i < _ba.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _ba[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _bb.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bb[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _bc.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bc[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _bd.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bd[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _be.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _be[i];
        return string(babcde);
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c, string _d) internal returns (string) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, _c, _d, "");
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c) internal returns (string) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, _c, "", "");
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b) internal returns (string) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, "", "", "");
    }

    // parseInt
    function parseInt(string _a) internal returns (uint) {
        return parseInt(_a, 0);
    }

    // parseInt(parseFloat*10^_b)
    function parseInt(string _a, uint _b) internal returns (uint) {
        bytes memory bresult = bytes(_a);
        uint mint = 0;
        bool decimals = false;
        for (uint i=0; i<bresult.length; i++){
            if ((bresult[i] >= 48)&&(bresult[i] <= 57)){
                if (decimals){
                   if (_b == 0) break;
                    else _b--;
                }
                mint *= 10;
                mint += uint(bresult[i]) - 48;
            } else if (bresult[i] == 46) decimals = true;
        }
        if (_b > 0) mint *= 10**_b;
        return mint;
    }

    function uint2str(uint i) internal returns (string){
        if (i == 0) return "0";
        uint j = i;
        uint len;
        while (j != 0){
            len++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
        uint k = len - 1;
        while (i != 0){
            bstr[k--] = byte(48 + i % 10);
            i /= 10;
        }
        return string(bstr);
    }

    using CBOR for Buffer.buffer;
    function stra2cbor(string[] arr) internal constant returns (bytes) {
        safeMemoryCleaner();
        Buffer.buffer memory buf;
        Buffer.init(buf, 1024);
        buf.startArray();
        for (uint i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            buf.encodeString(arr[i]);
        }
        buf.endSequence();
        return buf.buf;
    }

    function ba2cbor(bytes[] arr) internal constant returns (bytes) {
        safeMemoryCleaner();
        Buffer.buffer memory buf;
        Buffer.init(buf, 1024);
        buf.startArray();
        for (uint i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            buf.encodeBytes(arr[i]);
        }
        buf.endSequence();
        return buf.buf;
    }

    string oraclize_network_name;
    function oraclize_setNetworkName(string _network_name) internal {
        oraclize_network_name = _network_name;
    }

    function oraclize_getNetworkName() internal returns (string) {
        return oraclize_network_name;
    }

    function oraclize_newRandomDSQuery(uint _delay, uint _nbytes, uint _customGasLimit) internal returns (bytes32){
        if ((_nbytes == 0)||(_nbytes > 32)) throw;
	// Convert from seconds to ledger timer ticks
        _delay *= 10;
        bytes memory nbytes = new bytes(1);
        nbytes[0] = byte(_nbytes);
        bytes memory unonce = new bytes(32);
        bytes memory sessionKeyHash = new bytes(32);
        bytes32 sessionKeyHash_bytes32 = oraclize_randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash();
        assembly {
            mstore(unonce, 0x20)
            // the following variables can be relaxed
            // check relaxed random contract under ethereum-examples repo
            // for an idea on how to override and replace comit hash vars
            mstore(add(unonce, 0x20), xor(blockhash(sub(number, 1)), xor(coinbase, timestamp)))
            mstore(sessionKeyHash, 0x20)
            mstore(add(sessionKeyHash, 0x20), sessionKeyHash_bytes32)
        }
        bytes memory delay = new bytes(32);
        assembly {
            mstore(add(delay, 0x20), _delay)
        }

        bytes memory delay_bytes8 = new bytes(8);
        copyBytes(delay, 24, 8, delay_bytes8, 0);

        bytes[4] memory args = [unonce, nbytes, sessionKeyHash, delay];
        bytes32 queryId = oraclize_query("random", args, _customGasLimit);

        bytes memory delay_bytes8_left = new bytes(8);

        assembly {
            let x := mload(add(delay_bytes8, 0x20))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x27), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x26), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x25), div(x, 0x10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x24), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x23), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x22), div(x, 0x10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x21), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x20), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))

        }

        oraclize_randomDS_setCommitment(queryId, sha3(delay_bytes8_left, args[1], sha256(args[0]), args[2]));
        return queryId;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_setCommitment(bytes32 queryId, bytes32 commitment) internal {
        oraclize_randomDS_args[queryId] = commitment;
    }

    mapping(bytes32=>bytes32) oraclize_randomDS_args;
    mapping(bytes32=>bool) oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified;

    function verifySig(bytes32 tosignh, bytes dersig, bytes pubkey) internal returns (bool){
        bool sigok;
        address signer;

        bytes32 sigr;
        bytes32 sigs;

        bytes memory sigr_ = new bytes(32);
        uint offset = 4+(uint(dersig[3]) - 0x20);
        sigr_ = copyBytes(dersig, offset, 32, sigr_, 0);
        bytes memory sigs_ = new bytes(32);
        offset += 32 + 2;
        sigs_ = copyBytes(dersig, offset+(uint(dersig[offset-1]) - 0x20), 32, sigs_, 0);

        assembly {
            sigr := mload(add(sigr_, 32))
            sigs := mload(add(sigs_, 32))
        }


        (sigok, signer) = safer_ecrecover(tosignh, 27, sigr, sigs);
        if (address(sha3(pubkey)) == signer) return true;
        else {
            (sigok, signer) = safer_ecrecover(tosignh, 28, sigr, sigs);
            return (address(sha3(pubkey)) == signer);
        }
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__sessionKeyValidity(bytes proof, uint sig2offset) internal returns (bool) {
        bool sigok;

        // Step 6: verify the attestation signature, APPKEY1 must sign the sessionKey from the correct ledger app (CODEHASH)
        bytes memory sig2 = new bytes(uint(proof[sig2offset+1])+2);
        copyBytes(proof, sig2offset, sig2.length, sig2, 0);

        bytes memory appkey1_pubkey = new bytes(64);
        copyBytes(proof, 3+1, 64, appkey1_pubkey, 0);

        bytes memory tosign2 = new bytes(1+65+32);
        tosign2[0] = 1; //role
        copyBytes(proof, sig2offset-65, 65, tosign2, 1);
        bytes memory CODEHASH = hex"fd94fa71bc0ba10d39d464d0d8f465efeef0a2764e3887fcc9df41ded20f505c";
        copyBytes(CODEHASH, 0, 32, tosign2, 1+65);
        sigok = verifySig(sha256(tosign2), sig2, appkey1_pubkey);

        if (sigok == false) return false;


        // Step 7: verify the APPKEY1 provenance (must be signed by Ledger)
        bytes memory LEDGERKEY = hex"7fb956469c5c9b89840d55b43537e66a98dd4811ea0a27224272c2e5622911e8537a2f8e86a46baec82864e98dd01e9ccc2f8bc5dfc9cbe5a91a290498dd96e4";

        bytes memory tosign3 = new bytes(1+65);
        tosign3[0] = 0xFE;
        copyBytes(proof, 3, 65, tosign3, 1);

        bytes memory sig3 = new bytes(uint(proof[3+65+1])+2);
        copyBytes(proof, 3+65, sig3.length, sig3, 0);

        sigok = verifySig(sha256(tosign3), sig3, LEDGERKEY);

        return sigok;
    }

    modifier oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify(bytes32 _queryId, string _result, bytes _proof) {
        // Step 1: the prefix has to match 'LP\x01' (Ledger Proof version 1)
        if ((_proof[0] != "L")||(_proof[1] != "P")||(_proof[2] != 1)) throw;

        bool proofVerified = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(_proof, _queryId, bytes(_result), oraclize_getNetworkName());
        if (proofVerified == false) throw;

        _;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__returnCode(bytes32 _queryId, string _result, bytes _proof) internal returns (uint8){
        // Step 1: the prefix has to match 'LP\x01' (Ledger Proof version 1)
        if ((_proof[0] != "L")||(_proof[1] != "P")||(_proof[2] != 1)) return 1;

        bool proofVerified = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(_proof, _queryId, bytes(_result), oraclize_getNetworkName());
        if (proofVerified == false) return 2;

        return 0;
    }

    function matchBytes32Prefix(bytes32 content, bytes prefix, uint n_random_bytes) internal returns (bool){
        bool match_ = true;

	if (prefix.length != n_random_bytes) throw;

        for (uint256 i=0; i< n_random_bytes; i++) {
            if (content[i] != prefix[i]) match_ = false;
        }

        return match_;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(bytes proof, bytes32 queryId, bytes result, string context_name) internal returns (bool){

        // Step 2: the unique keyhash has to match with the sha256 of (context name + queryId)
        uint ledgerProofLength = 3+65+(uint(proof[3+65+1])+2)+32;
        bytes memory keyhash = new bytes(32);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength, 32, keyhash, 0);
        if (!(sha3(keyhash) == sha3(sha256(context_name, queryId)))) return false;

        bytes memory sig1 = new bytes(uint(proof[ledgerProofLength+(32+8+1+32)+1])+2);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength+(32+8+1+32), sig1.length, sig1, 0);

        // Step 3: we assume sig1 is valid (it will be verified during step 5) and we verify if 'result' is the prefix of sha256(sig1)
        if (!matchBytes32Prefix(sha256(sig1), result, uint(proof[ledgerProofLength+32+8]))) return false;

        // Step 4: commitment match verification, sha3(delay, nbytes, unonce, sessionKeyHash) == commitment in storage.
        // This is to verify that the computed args match with the ones specified in the query.
        bytes memory commitmentSlice1 = new bytes(8+1+32);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength+32, 8+1+32, commitmentSlice1, 0);

        bytes memory sessionPubkey = new bytes(64);
        uint sig2offset = ledgerProofLength+32+(8+1+32)+sig1.length+65;
        copyBytes(proof, sig2offset-64, 64, sessionPubkey, 0);

        bytes32 sessionPubkeyHash = sha256(sessionPubkey);
        if (oraclize_randomDS_args[queryId] == sha3(commitmentSlice1, sessionPubkeyHash)){ //unonce, nbytes and sessionKeyHash match
            delete oraclize_randomDS_args[queryId];
        } else return false;


        // Step 5: validity verification for sig1 (keyhash and args signed with the sessionKey)
        bytes memory tosign1 = new bytes(32+8+1+32);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength, 32+8+1+32, tosign1, 0);
        if (!verifySig(sha256(tosign1), sig1, sessionPubkey)) return false;

        // verify if sessionPubkeyHash was verified already, if not.. let's do it!
        if (oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash] == false){
            oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash] = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__sessionKeyValidity(proof, sig2offset);
        }

        return oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash];
    }


    // the following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    function copyBytes(bytes from, uint fromOffset, uint length, bytes to, uint toOffset) internal returns (bytes) {
        uint minLength = length + toOffset;

        if (to.length < minLength) {
            // Buffer too small
            throw; // Should be a better way?
        }

        // NOTE: the offset 32 is added to skip the `size` field of both bytes variables
        uint i = 32 + fromOffset;
        uint j = 32 + toOffset;

        while (i < (32 + fromOffset + length)) {
            assembly {
                let tmp := mload(add(from, i))
                mstore(add(to, j), tmp)
            }
            i += 32;
            j += 32;
        }

        return to;
    }

    // the following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    // Duplicate Solidity's ecrecover, but catching the CALL return value
    function safer_ecrecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal returns (bool, address) {
        // We do our own memory management here. Solidity uses memory offset
        // 0x40 to store the current end of memory. We write past it (as
        // writes are memory extensions), but don't update the offset so
        // Solidity will reuse it. The memory used here is only needed for
        // this context.

        // FIXME: inline assembly can't access return values
        bool ret;
        address addr;

        assembly {
            let size := mload(0x40)
            mstore(size, hash)
            mstore(add(size, 32), v)
            mstore(add(size, 64), r)
            mstore(add(size, 96), s)

            // NOTE: we can reuse the request memory because we deal with
            //       the return code
            ret := call(3000, 1, 0, size, 128, size, 32)
            addr := mload(size)
        }

        return (ret, addr);
    }

    // the following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    function ecrecovery(bytes32 hash, bytes sig) internal returns (bool, address) {
        bytes32 r;
        bytes32 s;
        uint8 v;

        if (sig.length != 65)
          return (false, 0);

        // The signature format is a compact form of:
        //   {bytes32 r}{bytes32 s}{uint8 v}
        // Compact means, uint8 is not padded to 32 bytes.
        assembly {
            r := mload(add(sig, 32))
            s := mload(add(sig, 64))

            // Here we are loading the last 32 bytes. We exploit the fact that
            // 'mload' will pad with zeroes if we overread.
            // There is no 'mload8' to do this, but that would be nicer.
            v := byte(0, mload(add(sig, 96)))

            // Alternative solution:
            // 'byte' is not working due to the Solidity parser, so lets
            // use the second best option, 'and'
            // v := and(mload(add(sig, 65)), 255)
        }

        // albeit non-transactional signatures are not specified by the YP, one would expect it
        // to match the YP range of [27, 28]
        //
        // geth uses [0, 1] and some clients have followed. This might change, see:
        //  https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/2053
        if (v < 27)
          v += 27;

        if (v != 27 && v != 28)
            return (false, 0);

        return safer_ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    function safeMemoryCleaner() internal constant {
        assembly {
            let fmem := mload(0x40)
            codecopy(fmem, codesize, sub(msize, fmem))
        }
    }
}

contract AceDice is usingOraclize {
  /// *** Constants section
  
  // Each bet is deducted 1% in favour of the house, but no less than some minimum.
  // The lower bound is dictated by gas costs of the settleBet transaction, providing
  // headroom for up to 10 Gwei prices.
  uint constant HOUSE_EDGE_PERCENT = 2;
  uint constant HOUSE_EDGE_MINIMUM_AMOUNT = 0.0004 ether;
  
  // Bets lower than this amount do not participate in jackpot rolls (and are
  // not deducted JACKPOT_FEE).
  uint constant MIN_JACKPOT_BET = 0.1 ether;
  
  // Chance to win jackpot (currently 0.1%) and fee deducted into jackpot fund.
  uint constant JACKPOT_MODULO = 1000;
  uint constant JACKPOT_FEE = 0.001 ether;
  
  // There is minimum and maximum bets.
  uint constant MIN_BET = 0.01 ether;
  uint constant MAX_AMOUNT = 300000 ether;
  
  // Modulo is a number of equiprobable outcomes in a game:
  // - 2 for coin flip
  // - 6 for dice
  // - 6*6 = 36 for double dice
  // - 100 for etheroll
  // - 37 for roulette
  // etc.
  // It's called so because 256-bit entropy is treated like a huge integer and
  // the remainder of its division by modulo is considered bet outcome.
  // uint constant MAX_MODULO = 100;
  
  // For modulos below this threshold rolls are checked against a bit mask,
  // thus allowing betting on any combination of outcomes. For example, given
  // modulo 6 for dice, 101000 mask (base-2, big endian) means betting on
  // 4 and 6; for games with modulos higher than threshold (Etheroll), a simple
  // limit is used, allowing betting on any outcome in [0, N) range.
  //
  // The specific value is dictated by the fact that 256-bit intermediate
  // multiplication result allows implementing population count efficiently
  // for numbers that are up to 42 bits, and 40 is the highest multiple of
  // eight below 42.
  uint constant MAX_MASK_MODULO = 40;
  
  // This is a check on bet mask overflow.
  uint constant MAX_BET_MASK = 2 ** MAX_MASK_MODULO;
  
  // EVM BLOCKHASH opcode can query no further than 256 blocks into the
  // past. Given that settleBet uses block hash of placeBet as one of
  // complementary entropy sources, we cannot process bets older than this
  // threshold. On rare occasions AceDice croupier may fail to invoke
  // settleBet in this timespan due to technical issues or extreme Ethereum
  // congestion; such bets can be refunded via invoking refundBet.
  uint constant BET_EXPIRATION_BLOCKS = 250;
  
  // Some deliberately invalid address to initialize the secret signer with.
  // Forces maintainers to invoke setSecretSigner before processing any bets.
  address constant DUMMY_ADDRESS = 0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE;
  
  // Standard contract ownership transfer.
  address public owner;
  address private nextOwner;
  
  // Adjustable max bet profit. Used to cap bets against dynamic odds.
  uint public maxProfit;
  
  // The address corresponding to a private key used to sign placeBet commits.
  address public secretSigner;
  
  // Accumulated jackpot fund.
  uint128 public jackpotSize;
  
  uint64 public oraclizeGasLimit;
  uint public oraclizeGasPrice;

  uint public todaysRewardSize;

  // Funds that are locked in potentially winning bets. Prevents contract from
  // committing to bets it cannot pay out.
  uint128 public lockedInBets;
  
  // A structure representing a single bet.
  struct Bet {
    // Wager amount in wei.
    uint amount;
    // Modulo of a game.
    // uint8 modulo;
    // Number of winning outcomes, used to compute winning payment (* modulo/rollUnder),
    // and used instead of mask for games with modulo > MAX_MASK_MODULO.
    uint8 rollUnder;
    // Block number of placeBet tx.
    uint40 placeBlockNumber;
    // Bit mask representing winning bet outcomes (see MAX_MASK_MODULO comment).
    uint40 mask;
    // Address of a gambler, used to pay out winning bets.
    address gambler;
    // Address of inviter
    address inviter;
  }

  struct Profile{
    // picture index of profile avatar
    uint avatarIndex;
    // nickname of user
    string nickName;
  }
  
  // Mapping from commits to all currently active & processed bets.
  mapping (bytes32 => Bet) bets;
  // Mapping for accumuldated bet amount and users
  mapping (address => uint) accuBetAmount;

  mapping (address => Profile) profiles;
  
  // Croupier account.
  address public croupier;
  
  // Events that are issued to make statistic recovery easier.
  event FailedPayment(address indexed beneficiary, uint amount);
  event Payment(address indexed beneficiary, uint amount, uint dice, uint rollUnder, uint betAmount);
  event JackpotPayment(address indexed beneficiary, uint amount, uint dice, uint rollUnder, uint betAmount);
  event VIPPayback(address indexed beneficiary, uint amount);
  
  // This event is emitted in placeBet to record commit in the logs.
  event Commit(bytes32 commit);

  // 오늘의 랭킹 보상 지급 이벤트
  event TodaysRankingPayment(address indexed beneficiary, uint amount);
  
  // Constructor. Deliberately does not take any parameters.
  constructor () public {
    owner = msg.sender;
    secretSigner = DUMMY_ADDRESS;
    croupier = DUMMY_ADDRESS;

    oraclize_setNetwork(networkID_auto);
    oraclizeGasLimit = 40000;
    oraclizeGasPrice = 13000000000 wei;
    /* use TLSNotary for oraclize call */
    // oraclize_setProof(proofType_TLSNotary | proofStorage_IPFS);
    /* init gas price for callback (default 20 gwei)*/
    oraclize_setCustomGasPrice(oraclizeGasPrice);
  }
  
  // Standard modifier on methods invokable only by contract owner.
  modifier onlyOwner {
    require (msg.sender == owner, "OnlyOwner methods called by non-owner.");
    _;
  }
  
  // Standard modifier on methods invokable only by contract owner.
  modifier onlyCroupier {
    require (msg.sender == croupier, "OnlyCroupier methods called by non-croupier.");
    _;
  }

    /*
     * checks only Oraclize address is calling
    */
    modifier onlyOraclize {
        if (msg.sender != oraclize_cbAddress()) throw;
        _;
    }
  
  // Standard contract ownership transfer implementation,
  function approveNextOwner(address _nextOwner) external onlyOwner {
    require (_nextOwner != owner, "Cannot approve current owner.");
    nextOwner = _nextOwner;
  }
  
  function acceptNextOwner() external {
    require (msg.sender == nextOwner, "Can only accept preapproved new owner.");
    owner = nextOwner;
  }
  
  // Fallback function deliberately left empty. It's primary use case
  // is to top up the bank roll.
  function () public payable {
  }
  
  // See comment for "secretSigner" variable.
  function setSecretSigner(address newSecretSigner) external onlyOwner {
    secretSigner = newSecretSigner;
  }
  
  function getSecretSigner() external onlyOwner view returns(address){
    return secretSigner;
  }
  
  // Change the croupier address.
  function setCroupier(address newCroupier) external onlyOwner {
    croupier = newCroupier;
  }
  
  // Change max bet reward. Setting this to zero effectively disables betting.
  function setMaxProfit(uint _maxProfit) public onlyOwner {
    require (_maxProfit < MAX_AMOUNT, "maxProfit should be a sane number.");
    maxProfit = _maxProfit;
  }

  function setOraclizeGasLimit(uint64 _limit) public onlyOwner {
    oraclizeGasLimit = _limit;
  }

  function setOraclizeGasPrice(uint _price) public onlyOwner {
    oraclizeGasPrice = _price;
    oraclize_setCustomGasPrice(_price);
  }
  
  // This function is used to bump up the jackpot fund. Cannot be used to lower it.
  function increaseJackpot(uint increaseAmount) external onlyOwner {
    require (increaseAmount <= address(this).balance, "Increase amount larger than balance.");
    require (jackpotSize + lockedInBets + increaseAmount <= address(this).balance, "Not enough funds.");
    jackpotSize += uint128(increaseAmount);
  }
  
  // Funds withdrawal to cover costs of AceDice operation.
  function withdrawFunds(address beneficiary, uint withdrawAmount) external onlyOwner {
    require (withdrawAmount <= address(this).balance, "Increase amount larger than balance.");
    require (jackpotSize + lockedInBets + withdrawAmount <= address(this).balance, "Not enough funds.");
    sendFunds(beneficiary, withdrawAmount, withdrawAmount, 0, 0, 0);
  }
  
  // Contract may be destroyed only when there are no ongoing bets,
  // either settled or refunded. All funds are transferred to contract owner.
  function kill() external onlyOwner {
    require (lockedInBets == 0, "All bets should be processed (settled or refunded) before self-destruct.");
    selfdestruct(owner);
  }

  /// *** Betting logic
  function placeBet(uint betMask) external payable {
    
    // Validate input data ranges.
    uint amount = msg.value;
    //require (modulo > 1 && modulo <= MAX_MODULO, "Modulo should be within range.");
    require (amount >= MIN_BET && amount <= MAX_AMOUNT, "Amount should be within range.");
    // require (betMask > 0 && betMask < MAX_BET_MASK, "Mask should be within range.");
    
    //verifyCommit(commitLastBlock, commit, v, r, s);
    
    // uint rollUnder;
    uint mask;
    
    require (betMask > 2 && betMask <= 96, "High modulo range, betMask larger than modulo.");
    uint possibleWinAmount;
    uint jackpotFee;
    
    (possibleWinAmount, jackpotFee) = getDiceWinAmount(amount, betMask);
    
    // Enforce max profit limit.
    require (possibleWinAmount <= amount + maxProfit, "maxProfit limit violation. ");
    
    // Lock funds.
    lockedInBets += uint128(possibleWinAmount);
    jackpotSize += uint128(jackpotFee);
    
    // Check whether contract has enough funds to process this bet.
    require (jackpotSize + lockedInBets <= address(this).balance, "Cannot afford to lose this bet.");

    bytes32 rngId = oraclize_query("WolframAlpha","random number between 1 and 1000", oraclizeGasLimit);
    
    // Record commit in logs.
    emit Commit(rngId);

    // Store bet parameters on blockchain.
    Bet storage bet = bets[rngId];
    bet.amount = amount;
    // bet.modulo = uint8(modulo);
    bet.rollUnder = uint8(betMask);
    bet.placeBlockNumber = uint40(block.number);
    bet.mask = uint40(mask);
    bet.gambler = msg.sender;
    
    uint accuAmount = accuBetAmount[msg.sender];
    accuAmount = accuAmount + amount;
    accuBetAmount[msg.sender] = accuAmount;
  }

  function placeBetWithInviter(uint betMask, address inviter) external payable {
     
    uint amount = msg.value;
    require (amount >= MIN_BET && amount <= MAX_AMOUNT, "Amount should be within range.");
    require (address(this) != inviter && inviter != address(0), "cannot invite myself");
    
    uint mask;
    
    require (betMask > 2 && betMask <= 96, "High modulo range, betMask larger than modulo.");
    uint possibleWinAmount;
    uint jackpotFee;
    
    (possibleWinAmount, jackpotFee) = getDiceWinAmount(amount, betMask);
    
    // Enforce max profit limit.
    require (possibleWinAmount <= amount + maxProfit, "maxProfit limit violation. ");
    
    // Lock funds.
    lockedInBets += uint128(possibleWinAmount);
    jackpotSize += uint128(jackpotFee);
    
    // Check whether contract has enough funds to process this bet.
    require (jackpotSize + lockedInBets <= address(this).balance, "Cannot afford to lose this bet.");

    bytes32 rngId = oraclize_query("WolframAlpha","random number between 1 and 1000", oraclizeGasLimit);
    
    // Record commit in logs.
    emit Commit(rngId);

    // Store bet parameters on blockchain.
    Bet storage bet = bets[rngId];
    bet.amount = amount;
    // bet.modulo = uint8(modulo);
    bet.rollUnder = uint8(betMask);
    bet.placeBlockNumber = uint40(block.number);
    bet.mask = uint40(mask);
    bet.gambler = msg.sender;
    bet.inviter = inviter;
    
    uint accuAmount = accuBetAmount[msg.sender];
    accuAmount = accuAmount + amount;
    accuBetAmount[msg.sender] = accuAmount;
    
  }

  function __callback(bytes32 _rngId, string _result, bytes proof) onlyOraclize {
    Bet storage bet = bets[_rngId];
    require (bet.gambler != address(0), "cannot find bet info...");

    uint randomNumber = parseInt(_result);
    settleBetCommon(bet, randomNumber);
  }

    // Common settlement code for settleBet & settleBetUncleMerkleProof.
  function settleBetCommon(Bet storage bet, uint randomNumber) private {
    // Fetch bet parameters into local variables (to save gas).
    uint amount = bet.amount;
    // uint modulo = bet.modulo;
    uint rollUnder = bet.rollUnder;
    address gambler = bet.gambler;
    
    // Check that bet is in 'active' state.
    require (amount != 0, "Bet should be in an 'active' state");

    applyVIPLevel(gambler, amount);
    
    // Move bet into 'processed' state already.
    bet.amount = 0;
    
    uint diceWinAmount;
    uint _jackpotFee;
    (diceWinAmount, _jackpotFee) = getDiceWinAmount(amount, rollUnder);
    
    uint diceWin = 0;
    uint jackpotWin = 0;

    uint dice = randomNumber / 10;
    

    // For larger modulos, check inclusion into half-open interval.
    if (dice < rollUnder) {
      diceWin = diceWinAmount;
    }
      
    // Unlock the bet amount, regardless of the outcome.
    lockedInBets -= uint128(diceWinAmount);
    
    // Roll for a jackpot (if eligible).
    if (amount >= MIN_JACKPOT_BET) {
      // The second modulo, statistically independent from the "main" dice roll.
      // Effectively you are playing two games at once!
      // uint jackpotRng = (uint(entropy) / modulo) % JACKPOT_MODULO;
      
      // Bingo!
      if (randomNumber == 0) {
        jackpotWin = jackpotSize;
        jackpotSize = 0;
      }
    }
    
    // Log jackpot win.
    if (jackpotWin > 0) {
      emit JackpotPayment(gambler, jackpotWin, dice, rollUnder, amount);
    }
    
    if(bet.inviter != address(0)){
      // 친구 초대하면 친구한대 15% 때어줌
      // uint inviterFee = amount * HOUSE_EDGE_PERCENT / 100 * 15 /100;
      bet.inviter.transfer(amount * HOUSE_EDGE_PERCENT / 100 * 15 /100);
    }
    todaysRewardSize += amount * HOUSE_EDGE_PERCENT / 100 * 9 /100;
    // Send the funds to gambler.
    sendFunds(gambler, diceWin + jackpotWin == 0 ? 1 wei : diceWin + jackpotWin, diceWin, dice, rollUnder, amount);
  }

  function applyVIPLevel(address gambler, uint amount) private {
    uint accuAmount = accuBetAmount[gambler];
    uint rate;
    if(accuAmount >= 30 ether && accuAmount < 150 ether){
      rate = 1;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 150 ether && accuAmount < 300 ether){
      rate = 2;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 300 ether && accuAmount < 1500 ether){
      rate = 4;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 1500 ether && accuAmount < 3000 ether){
      rate = 6;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 3000 ether && accuAmount < 15000 ether){
      rate = 8;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 15000 ether && accuAmount < 30000 ether){
      rate = 10;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 30000 ether && accuAmount < 150000 ether){
      rate = 12;
    } else if(accuAmount >= 150000 ether){
      rate = 15;
    } else{
      return;
    }

    uint vipPayback = amount * rate / 10000;
    if(gambler.send(vipPayback)){
      emit VIPPayback(gambler, vipPayback);
    }
  }

  function refundBet(bytes32 rngId) external {
    // Check that bet is in 'active' state.
    Bet storage bet = bets[rngId];
    uint amount = bet.amount;
    
    require (amount != 0, "Bet should be in an 'active' state");
    
    // Check that bet has already expired.
    require (block.number > bet.placeBlockNumber + BET_EXPIRATION_BLOCKS, "Blockhash can't be queried by EVM.");
    
    // Move bet into 'processed' state, release funds.
    bet.amount = 0;
    
    uint diceWinAmount;
    uint jackpotFee;
    (diceWinAmount, jackpotFee) = getDiceWinAmount(amount, bet.rollUnder);
    
    lockedInBets -= uint128(diceWinAmount);
    jackpotSize -= uint128(jackpotFee);
    
    // Send the refund.
    sendFunds(bet.gambler, amount, amount, 0, 0, 0);
  }

  function getMyAccuAmount() external view returns (uint){
    return accuBetAmount[msg.sender];
  }
  
      
  // Get the expected win amount after house edge is subtracted.
  function getDiceWinAmount(uint amount, uint rollUnder) private pure returns (uint winAmount, uint jackpotFee) {
    require (0 < rollUnder && rollUnder <= 100, "Win probability out of range.");
    
    jackpotFee = amount >= MIN_JACKPOT_BET ? JACKPOT_FEE : 0;
    
    uint houseEdge = amount * HOUSE_EDGE_PERCENT / 100;
    
    if (houseEdge < HOUSE_EDGE_MINIMUM_AMOUNT) {
      houseEdge = HOUSE_EDGE_MINIMUM_AMOUNT;
    }
    
    require (houseEdge + jackpotFee <= amount, "Bet doesn't even cover house edge.");
    winAmount = (amount - houseEdge - jackpotFee) * 100 / rollUnder;
  }
      
  // Helper routine to process the payment.
  function sendFunds(address beneficiary, uint amount, uint successLogAmount, uint dice, uint rollUnder, uint betAmount) private {
    if (beneficiary.send(amount)) {
      emit Payment(beneficiary, successLogAmount, dice, rollUnder, betAmount);
    } else {
      emit FailedPayment(beneficiary, amount);
    }
  }
        

  function thisBalance() public view returns(uint) {
      return address(this).balance;
  }

  function setAvatarIndex(uint index) external{
    require (index >=0 && index <= 100, "avatar index should be in range");
    Profile storage profile = profiles[msg.sender];
    profile.avatarIndex = index;
  }

  function setNickName(string nickName) external{
    Profile storage profile = profiles[msg.sender];
    profile.nickName = nickName;
  }

  function getProfile() external view returns(uint, string){
    Profile storage profile = profiles[msg.sender];
    return (profile.avatarIndex, profile.nickName);
  }

  function payTodayReward(address to, uint rate) external onlyOwner {
    uint prize = todaysRewardSize * rate / 10000;
    todaysRewardSize = todaysRewardSize - prize;
    if(to.send(prize)){
      emit TodaysRankingPayment(to, prize);
    }
  }
}