// File: /contracts/WincityParisGrandeChaumiere.sol



//SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Counters.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol";

//  __          _______ _   _  _____ _____ _________     __
//  \ \        / /_   _| \ | |/ ____|_   _|__   __\ \   / /
//   \ \  /\  / /  | | |  \| | |      | |    | |   \ \_/ / 
//    \ \/  \/ /   | | | . ` | |      | |    | |    \   /  
//     \  /\  /   _| |_| |\  | |____ _| |_   | |     | |   
//      \/  \/   |_____|_| \_|\_____|_____|  |_|     |_|   
//
// Contract Type :  Revenue-based Finance Decentralised
// Operator : SAS FONCIERE WINCITY ( French company )
// Fees : They are available on wincity.com
/// @author WinCity | Emmanuel Chappat 
/// @title Wincity Paris Grande Chaumiere

contract WincityParisGrandeChaumiere is ERC1155, ERC1155Pausable, Ownable {
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    /**
    Triggered everytime the public / private reserve ratio is updated
    @param rarityRangeId Rarity Range Id (indexed at 0)
    @param newPublicSupply The new public supply count
    @param newFirstPrivateId The first private token in the range
    */
    event PublicReserveUpdated(
        uint8 rarityRangeId,
        uint16 newPublicSupply,
        uint16 newFirstPrivateId
    );
    event MintPriceUpdated(uint8 rarityRangeId, uint256 newPrice);

    string public name;
    string public symbol;

    /**
    Rarity is linked to token id as such:
    ID 1 = Unique
    ID 2 to ID 11 = RarityRange 1 (10 cards)
    ID 12 to ID 111 =  RarityRange 2 (100 cards)
    ID 112 to ID 1111 =  RarityRange 3 (1000 cards)
    */

    // Max supply for each rarity type
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE1_SUPPLY = 1;
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE2_SUPPLY = 10;
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE3_SUPPLY = 100;
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE4_SUPPLY = 1000;

    // Initial Public supply for each rarity type,
    // can be updated after deploy
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE1_PUBLIC_SUPPLY = 1;
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE2_PUBLIC_SUPPLY = 10;
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE3_PUBLIC_SUPPLY = 100;
    uint16 public constant RARITY_RANGE4_PUBLIC_SUPPLY = 1000;

    uint16 public royaltyPercentage = 1;
    address public royaltyReceiver;
    uint16 public maxTokenPerTx = 100;

    bytes32 public whitelistMerkleRoot;

    struct RarityRange {
        // First token ID in this range
        uint16 firstTokenId;
        // Last token ID in this range
        uint16 lastTokenId;
        // First private token ID in this range
        uint16 firstPrivateTokenId;
        // Price for public mint in this range
        uint256 mintPrice;
    }

    // RarityRanges by id
    mapping(uint8 => RarityRange) private rarityRangeById;

    // Public mint starting time in seconds
    uint256 public publicSaleStartTimestamp;

    // Mapping to keep track of the public token minted. By RarityRange id
    mapping(uint8 => Counters.Counter) private publicMintedCounter;

    // Mapping to keep track of the tokens from the private reserve that have already been withdrawn
    mapping(uint16 => bool) private privateTokenClaimed;

    // Mapping to keep track of whitelist addresses that have already been claimed
    mapping(address => bool) private whitelistClaimed;

    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * CONSTRUCTOR
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
    constructor(
        string memory _uri,
        string memory _name,
        string memory _symbol
    ) ERC1155(string(abi.encodePacked(_uri,  _name, "/{id}"))) {
        name = _name;
        symbol = _symbol;

        uint16 rarityRange1FirstId = 1;
        uint16 rarityRange2FirstId = rarityRange1FirstId + RARITY_RANGE1_SUPPLY;
        uint16 rarityRange3FirstId = rarityRange2FirstId + RARITY_RANGE2_SUPPLY;
        uint16 rarityRange4FirstId = rarityRange3FirstId + RARITY_RANGE3_SUPPLY;

        // Initialize the 4 rarity ranges
        rarityRangeById[0] = RarityRange(
            rarityRange1FirstId,
            rarityRange2FirstId - 1,
            rarityRange1FirstId + RARITY_RANGE1_PUBLIC_SUPPLY,
            0.04 ether
        );
        rarityRangeById[1] = RarityRange(
            rarityRange2FirstId,
            rarityRange3FirstId - 1,
            rarityRange2FirstId + RARITY_RANGE2_PUBLIC_SUPPLY,
            0.03 ether
        );
        rarityRangeById[2] = RarityRange(
            rarityRange3FirstId,
            rarityRange4FirstId - 1,
            rarityRange3FirstId + RARITY_RANGE3_PUBLIC_SUPPLY,
            0.02 ether
        );
        rarityRangeById[3] = RarityRange(
            rarityRange4FirstId,
            rarityRange4FirstId + RARITY_RANGE4_SUPPLY - 1,
            rarityRange4FirstId + RARITY_RANGE4_PUBLIC_SUPPLY,
            0.01 ether
        );

        // The -1 are because the token are not yet minted and we increment
        // the counter after the minting is successful.
        publicMintedCounter[0] = Counters.Counter(rarityRange1FirstId - 1);
        publicMintedCounter[1] = Counters.Counter(rarityRange2FirstId - 1);
        publicMintedCounter[2] = Counters.Counter(rarityRange3FirstId - 1);
        publicMintedCounter[3] = Counters.Counter(rarityRange4FirstId - 1);
    }

    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * MODIFIERS
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
    modifier whenPublicSaleActive() {
        require(isPublicSaleOpen(), "Public sale not opened.");
        _;
    }
    modifier whenPreSaleActive() {
        require(isPreSaleOpen(), "Presale not opened.");
        _;
    }
    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * OpenZepplin Hooks
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual override(ERC1155, ERC1155Pausable) {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * GETTERS / SETTERS
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
    function pause() external onlyOwner {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause() external onlyOwner {
        _unpause();
    }

    function isPublicSaleOpen() public view returns (bool) {
        return
            block.timestamp >= publicSaleStartTimestamp &&
            publicSaleStartTimestamp != 0;
    }

    function isPreSaleOpen() public view returns (bool) {
        return publicSaleStartTimestamp > 0 ?  block.timestamp  >= (publicSaleStartTimestamp - 86400) : false;
    }

    function getBalance() public view returns (uint256) {
        return address(this).balance;
    }

    function publicMintPrice(uint8 rarityRangeId)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        require(
            rarityRangeId >= 0 && rarityRangeId <= 3,
            "Invalid RarityRange ID"
        );
        return rarityRangeById[rarityRangeId].mintPrice;
    }

    function getRarityRangeById(uint8 id)
        public
        view
        returns (RarityRange memory)
    {
        require(id >= 0 && id <= 3, "Invalid RarityRange ID");
        return rarityRangeById[id];
    }

    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * Setters (ownable)
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
    function setPublicSaleTimestamp(uint256 _timestamp) external onlyOwner {
        publicSaleStartTimestamp = _timestamp;
    }

    function setWhitelistMerkleRoot(bytes32 _merkleRoot) external onlyOwner {
        whitelistMerkleRoot = _merkleRoot;
    }

    function setUri(string calldata _uri) external onlyOwner {
        _setURI(_uri);
    }

    function setPublicMintPrice(uint8 rarityRangeId, uint256 _mintPrice)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(_mintPrice > 0, "mintPrice must be greater than 0");
        require(
            rarityRangeId >= 0 && rarityRangeId <= 3,
            "Invalid RarityRange ID"
        );
        rarityRangeById[rarityRangeId].mintPrice = _mintPrice;

        emit MintPriceUpdated(rarityRangeId, _mintPrice);
    }

    function setMaxPerTx(uint8 maxPerTx) public onlyOwner {
        require(maxPerTx > 0, "maxPerTx must be greater than 0");
        maxTokenPerTx = maxPerTx;
    }

    /**
    Set a public reserve for a given rarity range
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    @param newPublicSupply the new count of public supply tokens
    */
    function setPublicReserve(uint8 rarityRangeId, uint16 newPublicSupply)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(
            rarityRangeId >= 0 && rarityRangeId <= 3,
            "Invalid RarityRange ID"
        );
        RarityRange memory rarityRange = getRarityRangeById(rarityRangeId);
        uint16 newFirstPrivateId = rarityRange.firstTokenId + newPublicSupply;
        require(
            newFirstPrivateId != rarityRange.firstPrivateTokenId,
            "Public supply did not change."
        );

        // The +1 bellow for when a range is fully reserved for public sale
        require(
            newFirstPrivateId <= rarityRange.lastTokenId + 1,
            "Higher than max supply."
        );
        uint256 currentPublicSupply = totalSupplyForRarityRange(rarityRangeId);
        require(
            currentPublicSupply < newFirstPrivateId,
            "Public supply too low"
        );

        rarityRangeById[rarityRangeId].firstPrivateTokenId = newFirstPrivateId;

        emit PublicReserveUpdated(
            rarityRangeId,
            newPublicSupply,
            newFirstPrivateId
        );
    }

    /**
    Return the supply count for a given rarity range ID
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    */
    function totalSupplyForRarityRange(uint8 rarityRangeId)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return publicMintedCounter[rarityRangeId].current();
    }

    /**
    Return the total of publicly minted tokens
    @dev calculations are made here to save gas on minting
    */
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        RarityRange memory rarityRange1 = getRarityRangeById(0);
        RarityRange memory rarityRange2 = getRarityRangeById(1);
        RarityRange memory rarityRange3 = getRarityRangeById(2);
        RarityRange memory rarityRange4 = getRarityRangeById(3);
        uint256 current1 = publicMintedCounter[0].current() + 1;
        uint256 current2 = publicMintedCounter[1].current() + 1;
        uint256 current3 = publicMintedCounter[2].current() + 1;
        uint256 current4 = publicMintedCounter[3].current() + 1;

        return
            (current1 - rarityRange1.firstTokenId) +
            (current2 - rarityRange2.firstTokenId) +
            (current3 - rarityRange3.firstTokenId) +
            (current4 - rarityRange4.firstTokenId);
    }

    /**
    Check if a private token has been previously withdrawn
    @param id The token Id to be claimed
    */
    function checkClaimStatus(uint8 id) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return privateTokenClaimed[id];
    }

    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * MINTING
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

    /**
    Used to "extract" a privately held token and mint it to a given address
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    @param id Id of the token
    @param receiver receipient address 
    */
    function claimTokenFromPrivateReserve(
        uint8 rarityRangeId,
        uint16 id,
        address receiver
    ) external onlyOwner returns (uint256) {
        // Do we have a valid RarityRange ID
        require(
            (rarityRangeId >= 0 && rarityRangeId <= 3),
            "Invalid RarityRange ID"
        );
    
        require(tx.origin == msg.sender, "Caller should not be a contract.");


        // Make sure the token has not been previously withdrawn
        require(privateTokenClaimed[id] == false, "Token previously withdrawn");

        RarityRange memory rarityRange = getRarityRangeById(rarityRangeId);

        require(
            (id >= rarityRange.firstPrivateTokenId &&
                id <= rarityRange.lastTokenId),
            "Token ID not eligeble for claim"
        );
        privateTokenClaimed[id] = true;
        _mint(receiver, id, 1, "");
        return id;
    }


    /**
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    @param count how many tokens to mint at once
    */
    function _purchase(uint8 rarityRangeId, uint8 count)
        internal
        whenNotPaused
    {
        require(tx.origin == msg.sender, "Caller should not be a contract.");

        // Do we have a valid RarityRange ID
        require(
            rarityRangeId >= 0 && rarityRangeId <= 3,
            "Invalid RarityRange ID"
        );

        // Do we have enough supply to fullfil the order
        RarityRange memory currentRarityRange = getRarityRangeById(
            rarityRangeId
        );
        require(
            publicMintedCounter[rarityRangeId].current() + count <
                currentRarityRange.firstPrivateTokenId,
            "Not Enough Supply"
        );

        // Is count supperior than max per wallet
        require(count > 0 && count <= maxTokenPerTx, "Invalid count");

        // Check for payment
        require(
            count * currentRarityRange.mintPrice == msg.value || msg.sender == owner(),
            "Incorrect amount of ether sent"
        );

        // All good, we can start minting.
        for (uint16 i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            publicMintedCounter[rarityRangeId].increment();
            _mint(
                msg.sender,
                publicMintedCounter[rarityRangeId].current(),
                1,
                ""
            );
        }
    }

    /**
    Public mint is only for token assigned to the public reserve. Private token can not be minted directly via ethereum. 
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    @param count how many tokens to mint at once
    */
    function mintPublicSale(uint8 rarityRangeId, uint8 count)
        external
        payable
        whenPublicSaleActive
        whenNotPaused
    {
        _purchase(rarityRangeId, count);
    }

    /**
    Presale mint.
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    @param count how many tokens to mint at once
    @param merkleProof The merkle proof hashes 
    */
    function mintPreSale(
        uint8 rarityRangeId,
        uint8 count,
        bytes32[] calldata merkleProof
    ) external payable whenPreSaleActive whenNotPaused {
        // check is WL has already been claimed for this user
        require(
            whitelistClaimed[msg.sender] == false,
            "Address has already claim."
        );

        // merkle tree magic
        bytes32 leaf = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(msg.sender));

        require(
            MerkleProof.verify(merkleProof, whitelistMerkleRoot, leaf),
            "Address is not whitelisted."
        );

        whitelistClaimed[msg.sender] == true;
        _purchase(rarityRangeId, count);
    }

    /**
    Founder Mint
    @param rarityRangeId The rarity range ID (indexed at 0)
    @param count how many tokens to mint at once
    */
    function founderMint(uint8 rarityRangeId, uint8 count)
        external
        payable
        whenNotPaused
        onlyOwner
    {
        _purchase(rarityRangeId, count);
    }

    /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
     * Withdrawls
     * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
    function withdrawAmount(address payable recipient, uint256 amount)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        (bool succeed, bytes memory data) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(succeed, "Failed to withdraw Ether");
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev These functions deal with verification of Merkle Trees proofs.
 *
 * The proofs can be generated using the JavaScript library
 * https://github.com/miguelmota/merkletreejs[merkletreejs].
 * Note: the hashing algorithm should be keccak256 and pair sorting should be enabled.
 *
 * See `test/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.test.js` for some examples.
 */
library MerkleProof {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if a `leaf` can be proved to be a part of a Merkle tree
     * defined by `root`. For this, a `proof` must be provided, containing
     * sibling hashes on the branch from the leaf to the root of the tree. Each
     * pair of leaves and each pair of pre-images are assumed to be sorted.
     */
    function verify(
        bytes32[] memory proof,
        bytes32 root,
        bytes32 leaf
    ) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return processProof(proof, leaf) == root;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the rebuilt hash obtained by traversing a Merklee tree up
     * from `leaf` using `proof`. A `proof` is valid if and only if the rebuilt
     * hash matches the root of the tree. When processing the proof, the pairs
     * of leafs & pre-images are assumed to be sorted.
     *
     * _Available since v4.4._
     */
    function processProof(bytes32[] memory proof, bytes32 leaf) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        bytes32 computedHash = leaf;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proof.length; i++) {
            bytes32 proofElement = proof[i];
            if (computedHash <= proofElement) {
                // Hash(current computed hash + current element of the proof)
                computedHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(computedHash, proofElement));
            } else {
                // Hash(current element of the proof + current computed hash)
                computedHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(proofElement, computedHash));
            }
        }
        return computedHash;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Counters.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Counters.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title Counters
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented, decremented or reset. This can be used e.g. to track the number
 * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
 *
 * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
 */
library Counters {
    struct Counter {
        // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to
        // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add
        // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637
        uint256 _value; // default: 0
    }

    function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return counter._value;
    }

    function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {
        unchecked {
            counter._value += 1;
        }
    }

    function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {
        uint256 value = counter._value;
        require(value > 0, "Counter: decrement overflow");
        unchecked {
            counter._value = value - 1;
        }
    }

    function reset(Counter storage counter) internal {
        counter._value = 0;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(account)
        }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the optional ERC1155MetadataExtension interface, as defined
 * in the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155MetadataURI is IERC1155 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for token type `id`.
     *
     * If the `\{id\}` substring is present in the URI, it must be replaced by
     * clients with the actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 id) external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC1155.sol";
import "../../../security/Pausable.sol";

/**
 * @dev ERC1155 token with pausable token transfers, minting and burning.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios such as preventing trades until the end of an evaluation
 * period, or having an emergency switch for freezing all token transfers in the
 * event of a large bug.
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Pausable is ERC1155, Pausable {
    /**
     * @dev See {ERC1155-_beforeTokenTransfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        require(!paused(), "ERC1155Pausable: token transfer while paused");
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
        @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
        called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
        To accept the transfer, this must return
        `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
        (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
        @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
        @param from The address which previously owned the token
        @param id The ID of the token being transferred
        @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
        @param data Additional data with no specified format
        @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
    */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
        @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
        is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
        been updated. To accept the transfer(s), this must return
        `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
        (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
        @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
        @param from The address which previously owned the token
        @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
        @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
        @param data Additional data with no specified format
        @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
    */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] calldata accounts, uint256[] calldata ids)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC1155.sol";
import "./IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";
import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard multi-token.
 * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155
 * Originally based on code by Enjin: https://github.com/enjin/erc-1155
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
contract ERC1155 is Context, ERC165, IERC1155, IERC1155MetadataURI {
    using Address for address;

    // Mapping from token ID to account balances
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) private _balances;

    // Mapping from account to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
    string private _uri;

    /**
     * @dev See {_setURI}.
     */
    constructor(string memory uri_) {
        _setURI(uri_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155MetadataURI).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the same URI for *all* token types. It relies
     * on the token type ID substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * Clients calling this function must replace the `\{id\}` substring with the
     * actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: balance query for the zero address");
        return _balances[id][account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOfBatch}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(address[] memory accounts, uint256[] memory ids)
        public
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (uint256[] memory)
    {
        require(accounts.length == ids.length, "ERC1155: accounts and ids length mismatch");

        uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](accounts.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < accounts.length; ++i) {
            batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(accounts[i], ids[i]);
        }

        return batchBalances;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[account][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not owner nor approved"
        );
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeBatchTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: transfer caller is not owner nor approved"
        );
        _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, _asSingletonArray(id), _asSingletonArray(amount), data);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[id][to] += amount;

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, amount);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
            _balances[id][to] += amount;
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, amounts);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a new URI for all token types, by relying on the token type ID
     * substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * By this mechanism, any occurrence of the `\{id\}` substring in either the
     * URI or any of the amounts in the JSON file at said URI will be replaced by
     * clients with the token type ID.
     *
     * For example, the `https://token-cdn-domain/\{id\}.json` URI would be
     * interpreted by clients as
     * `https://token-cdn-domain/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004cce0.json`
     * for token type ID 0x4cce0.
     *
     * See {uri}.
     *
     * Because these URIs cannot be meaningfully represented by the {URI} event,
     * this function emits no events.
     */
    function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
        _uri = newuri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates `amount` tokens of token type `id`, and assigns them to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mint(
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, _asSingletonArray(id), _asSingletonArray(amount), data);

        _balances[id][to] += amount;
        emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), to, id, amount);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_mint}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            _balances[ids[i]][to] += amounts[i];
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from`
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `amount` tokens of token type `id`.
     */
    function _burn(
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), _asSingletonArray(id), _asSingletonArray(amount), "");

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, address(0), id, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_burn}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     */
    function _burnBatch(
        address from,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits a {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(
        address owner,
        address operator,
        bool approved
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != operator, "ERC1155: setting approval status for self");
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `id` and `amount` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 response) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155Received.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (
                bytes4 response
            ) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _asSingletonArray(uint256 element) private pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory array = new uint256[](1);
        array[0] = element;

        return array;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (security/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    constructor() {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}