// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.

    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;

    uint256 private _status;

    constructor() {
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and make it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _notEntered will be true
        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = _ENTERED;

        _;

        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    function safeTransfer(
        IERC20 token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        IERC20 token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    function safeIncreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    function safeDecreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // Return data is optional
            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        assembly {
            size := extcodesize(account)
        }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    function _verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) private pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/*
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: contracts/Minter.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.3;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol";
import "./interfaces/bloq/IAddressList.sol";
import "./interfaces/bloq/IAddressListFactory.sol";
import "./interfaces/compound/ICompound.sol";
import "./interfaces/IVUSD.sol";

/// @title Minter contract which will mint VUSD 1:1, less minting fee, with DAI, USDC or USDT.
contract Minter is Context, ReentrancyGuard {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;

    string public constant NAME = "VUSD-Minter";
    string public constant VERSION = "1.2.1";

    IAddressList public immutable whitelistedTokens;
    IVUSD public immutable vusd;

    uint256 public mintingFee; // Default no fee
    uint256 public constant MAX_MINTING_FEE = 10_000; // 10_000 = 100%
    uint256 public constant MINT_LIMIT = 50_000_000 * 10**18; // 50M VUSD

    mapping(address => address) public cTokens;

    address internal constant DAI = 0x6B175474E89094C44Da98b954EedeAC495271d0F;
    address internal constant USDC = 0xA0b86991c6218b36c1d19D4a2e9Eb0cE3606eB48;
    address internal constant USDT = 0xdAC17F958D2ee523a2206206994597C13D831ec7;

    event UpdatedMintingFee(uint256 previousMintingFee, uint256 newMintingFee);

    constructor(address _vusd) {
        require(_vusd != address(0), "vusd-address-is-zero");
        vusd = IVUSD(_vusd);

        IAddressListFactory _factory = IAddressListFactory(0xded8217De022706A191eE7Ee0Dc9df1185Fb5dA3);
        IAddressList _whitelistedTokens = IAddressList(_factory.createList());
        // Add token into the list, add cToken into the mapping and approve cToken to spend token
        _addToken(_whitelistedTokens, DAI, address(0x5d3a536E4D6DbD6114cc1Ead35777bAB948E3643));
        _addToken(_whitelistedTokens, USDC, address(0x39AA39c021dfbaE8faC545936693aC917d5E7563));
        _addToken(_whitelistedTokens, USDT, address(0xf650C3d88D12dB855b8bf7D11Be6C55A4e07dCC9));

        whitelistedTokens = _whitelistedTokens;
    }

    modifier onlyGovernor() {
        require(_msgSender() == governor(), "caller-is-not-the-governor");
        _;
    }

    ////////////////////////////// Only Governor //////////////////////////////
    /**
     * @notice Add token as whitelisted token for VUSD system
     * @dev Add token address in whitelistedTokens list and add cToken in mapping
     * @param _token address which we want to add in token list.
     * @param _cToken CToken address correspond to _token
     */
    function addWhitelistedToken(address _token, address _cToken) external onlyGovernor {
        _addToken(whitelistedTokens, _token, _cToken);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Remove token from whitelisted tokens
     * @param _token address which we want to remove from token list.
     */
    function removeWhitelistedToken(address _token) external onlyGovernor {
        require(whitelistedTokens.remove(_token), "remove-from-list-failed");
        IERC20(_token).safeApprove(cTokens[_token], 0);
        delete cTokens[_token];
    }

    /// @notice Update minting fee
    function updateMintingFee(uint256 _newMintingFee) external onlyGovernor {
        require(_newMintingFee <= MAX_MINTING_FEE, "minting-fee-limit-reached");
        require(mintingFee != _newMintingFee, "same-minting-fee");
        emit UpdatedMintingFee(mintingFee, _newMintingFee);
        mintingFee = _newMintingFee;
    }

    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    /**
     * @notice Mint VUSD
     * @param _token Address of token being deposited
     * @param _amount Amount of _token
     */
    function mint(address _token, uint256 _amount) external nonReentrant {
        _mint(_token, _amount, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @notice Mint VUSD
     * @param _token Address of token being deposited
     * @param _amount Amount of _token
     * @param _receiver Address of VUSD receiver
     */
    function mint(
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount,
        address _receiver
    ) external nonReentrant {
        _mint(_token, _amount, _receiver);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculate mintage for supported tokens.
     * @param _token Address of token which will be deposited for this mintage
     * @param _amount Amount of _token
     */
    function calculateMintage(address _token, uint256 _amount) external view returns (uint256 _mintReturn) {
        if (whitelistedTokens.contains(_token)) {
            (uint256 _mintage, ) = _calculateMintage(_token, _amount);
            return _mintage;
        }
        // Return 0 for unsupported tokens.
        return 0;
    }

    /// @notice Check available mintage based on mint limit
    function availableMintage() public view returns (uint256 _mintage) {
        return MINT_LIMIT - vusd.totalSupply();
    }

    /// @dev Treasury is defined in VUSD token contract only
    function treasury() public view returns (address) {
        return vusd.treasury();
    }

    /// @dev Governor is defined in VUSD token contract only
    function governor() public view returns (address) {
        return vusd.governor();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add _token into the list, add _cToken in mapping and
     * approve cToken to spend token
     */
    function _addToken(
        IAddressList _list,
        address _token,
        address _cToken
    ) internal {
        require(_list.add(_token), "add-in-list-failed");
        cTokens[_token] = _cToken;
        IERC20(_token).safeApprove(_cToken, type(uint256).max);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Mint VUSD
     * @param _token Address of token being deposited
     * @param _amount Amount of _token
     * @param _receiver Address of VUSD receiver
     */
    function _mint(
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount,
        address _receiver
    ) internal {
        require(whitelistedTokens.contains(_token), "token-is-not-supported");
        (uint256 _mintage, uint256 _actualAmount) = _calculateMintage(_token, _amount);
        require(_mintage != 0, "mint-limit-reached");
        IERC20(_token).safeTransferFrom(_msgSender(), address(this), _actualAmount);
        address _cToken = cTokens[_token];
        require(CToken(_cToken).mint(_actualAmount) == 0, "cToken-mint-failed");
        IERC20(_cToken).safeTransfer(treasury(), IERC20(_cToken).balanceOf(address(this)));
        vusd.mint(_receiver, _mintage);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculate mintage based on mintingFee, if any.
     * Also covert _token defined decimal amount to 18 decimal amount
     * @return _mintage VUSD mintage based on given input
     * @return _actualAmount Actual token amount used for _mintage
     */
    function _calculateMintage(address _token, uint256 _amount)
        internal
        view
        returns (uint256 _mintage, uint256 _actualAmount)
    {
        uint256 _decimals = IERC20Metadata(_token).decimals();
        uint256 _availableAmount = availableMintage() / 10**(18 - _decimals);
        _actualAmount = (_amount > _availableAmount) ? _availableAmount : _amount;
        _mintage = (mintingFee != 0) ? _actualAmount - ((_actualAmount * mintingFee) / MAX_MINTING_FEE) : _actualAmount;
        // Convert final amount to 18 decimals
        _mintage = _mintage * 10**(18 - _decimals);
    }
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/IVUSD.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.3;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

interface IVUSD is IERC20, IERC20Permit {
    function burnFrom(address _user, uint256 _amount) external;

    function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external;

    function multiTransfer(address[] memory _recipients, uint256[] memory _amounts) external returns (bool);

    function updateMinter(address _newMinter) external;

    function updateTreasury(address _newTreasury) external;

    function governor() external view returns (address _governor);

    function minter() external view returns (address _minter);

    function treasury() external view returns (address _treasury);
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/bloq/IAddressList.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.3;

interface IAddressList {
    function add(address a) external returns (bool);

    function remove(address a) external returns (bool);

    function at(uint256 index) external view returns (address, uint256);

    function get(address a) external view returns (uint256);

    function contains(address a) external view returns (bool);

    function length() external view returns (uint256);

    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/bloq/IAddressListFactory.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.3;

interface IAddressListFactory {
    function ours(address a) external view returns (bool);

    function listCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function listAt(uint256 idx) external view returns (address);

    function createList() external returns (address listaddr);
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/compound/ICompound.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.3;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

interface CToken is IERC20 {
    function accrueInterest() external returns (uint256);

    function balanceOfUnderlying(address owner) external returns (uint256);

    function exchangeRateCurrent() external returns (uint256);

    function exchangeRateStored() external view returns (uint256);

    function mint() external payable; // For ETH

    function mint(uint256 mintAmount) external returns (uint256); // For ERC20

    function redeem(uint256 redeemTokens) external returns (uint256);

    function redeemUnderlying(uint256 redeemAmount) external returns (uint256);
}

interface Comptroller {
    function claimComp(address holder, address[] memory) external;

    function compAccrued(address holder) external view returns (uint256);
}