pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
 */
library SafeMath {

  /**
  * @dev Multiplies two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function mul(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than asserting 'a' not being zero, but the
    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
    if (_a == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    uint256 c = _a * _b;
    assert(c / _a == _b);

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Integer division of two numbers, truncating the quotient.
  */
  function div(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // assert(_b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
    uint256 c = _a / _b;
    // assert(_a == _b * c + _a % _b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Subtracts two numbers, throws on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
  */
  function sub(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    assert(_b <= _a);
    uint256 c = _a - _b;

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Adds two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function add(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    uint256 c = _a + _b;
    assert(c >= _a);

    return c;
  }
}


/**
 * @title ERC20 interface
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20
 */
contract ERC20 {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);

  function balanceOf(address _who) public view returns (uint256);

  function allowance(address _owner, address _spender)
    public view returns (uint256);

  function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool);

  function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value)
    public returns (bool);

  function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value)
    public returns (bool);

  event Transfer(
    address indexed from,
    address indexed to,
    uint256 value
  );

  event Approval(
    address indexed owner,
    address indexed spender,
    uint256 value
  );
}


/**
 * @title Standard ERC20 token
 *
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard token.
 * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20
 * Based on code by FirstBlood: https://github.com/Firstbloodio/token/blob/master/smart_contract/FirstBloodToken.sol
 */
contract StandardToken is ERC20 {
  using SafeMath for uint256;

  mapping(address => uint256) balances;

  mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) internal allowed;

  uint256 totalSupply_;

  /**
  * @dev Total number of tokens in existence
  */
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
    return totalSupply_;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address.
  * @param _owner The address to query the the balance of.
  * @return An uint256 representing the amount owned by the passed address.
  */
  function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256) {
    return balances[_owner];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Function to check the amount of tokens that an owner allowed to a spender.
   * @param _owner address The address which owns the funds.
   * @param _spender address The address which will spend the funds.
   * @return A uint256 specifying the amount of tokens still available for the spender.
   */
  function allowance(
    address _owner,
    address _spender
   )
    public
    view
    returns (uint256)
  {
    return allowed[_owner][_spender];
  }

  /**
  * @dev Transfer token for a specified address
  * @param _to The address to transfer to.
  * @param _value The amount to be transferred.
  */
  function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool) {
    require(_value <= balances[msg.sender]);
    require(_to != address(0));

    balances[msg.sender] = balances[msg.sender].sub(_value);
    balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(_value);
    emit Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender.
   * Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk that someone may use both the old
   * and the new allowance by unfortunate transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this
   * race condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the desired value afterwards:
   * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
   * @param _spender The address which will spend the funds.
   * @param _value The amount of tokens to be spent.
   */
  function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public returns (bool) {
    allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
    emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another
   * @param _from address The address which you want to send tokens from
   * @param _to address The address which you want to transfer to
   * @param _value uint256 the amount of tokens to be transferred
   */
  function transferFrom(
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _value
  )
    public
    returns (bool)
  {
    require(_value <= balances[_from]);
    require(_value <= allowed[_from][msg.sender]);
    require(_to != address(0));

    balances[_from] = balances[_from].sub(_value);
    balances[_to] = balances[_to].add(_value);
    allowed[_from][msg.sender] = allowed[_from][msg.sender].sub(_value);
    emit Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Increase the amount of tokens that an owner allowed to a spender.
   * approve should be called when allowed[_spender] == 0. To increment
   * allowed value is better to use this function to avoid 2 calls (and wait until
   * the first transaction is mined)
   * From MonolithDAO Token.sol
   * @param _spender The address which will spend the funds.
   * @param _addedValue The amount of tokens to increase the allowance by.
   */
  function increaseApproval(
    address _spender,
    uint256 _addedValue
  )
    public
    returns (bool)
  {
    allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = (
      allowed[msg.sender][_spender].add(_addedValue));
    emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, allowed[msg.sender][_spender]);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Decrease the amount of tokens that an owner allowed to a spender.
   * approve should be called when allowed[_spender] == 0. To decrement
   * allowed value is better to use this function to avoid 2 calls (and wait until
   * the first transaction is mined)
   * From MonolithDAO Token.sol
   * @param _spender The address which will spend the funds.
   * @param _subtractedValue The amount of tokens to decrease the allowance by.
   */
  function decreaseApproval(
    address _spender,
    uint256 _subtractedValue
  )
    public
    returns (bool)
  {
    uint256 oldValue = allowed[msg.sender][_spender];
    if (_subtractedValue >= oldValue) {
      allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = 0;
    } else {
      allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = oldValue.sub(_subtractedValue);
    }
    emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, allowed[msg.sender][_spender]);
    return true;
  }

}


/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for ERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
  function safeTransfer(
    ERC20 _token,
    address _to,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_token.transfer(_to, _value));
  }

  function safeTransferFrom(
    ERC20 _token,
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_token.transferFrom(_from, _to, _value));
  }

  function safeApprove(
    ERC20 _token,
    address _spender,
    uint256 _value
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_token.approve(_spender, _value));
  }
}


contract NmxToken is StandardToken {

  string public constant name = "Numex";
  string public constant symbol = "NMX";
  uint8 public constant decimals = 18;

  uint256 public constant INITIAL_SUPPLY = 1500000 * (10 ** uint256(decimals));

  /**
   * @dev Constructor that gives msg.sender all of existing tokens.
   */
  constructor() public {
    totalSupply_ = INITIAL_SUPPLY;
    balances[msg.sender] = INITIAL_SUPPLY;
    emit Transfer(address(0), msg.sender, INITIAL_SUPPLY);
  }
}


/**
 * @title Crowdsale
 * @dev Crowdsale is a base contract for managing a token crowdsale,
 * allowing investors to purchase tokens with ether. This contract implements
 * such functionality in its most fundamental form and can be extended to provide additional
 * functionality and/or custom behavior.
 * The external interface represents the basic interface for purchasing tokens, and conform
 * the base architecture for crowdsales. They are *not* intended to be modified / overridden.
 * The internal interface conforms the extensible and modifiable surface of crowdsales. Override
 * the methods to add functionality. Consider using 'super' where appropriate to concatenate
 * behavior.
 */
contract Crowdsale {
  using SafeMath for uint256;
  using SafeERC20 for ERC20;

  // The token being sold
  ERC20 public token;

  // Address where funds are collected
  address public wallet;

  // How many token units a buyer gets per wei.
  // The rate is the conversion between wei and the smallest and indivisible token unit.
  // So, if you are using a rate of 1 with a DetailedERC20 token with 3 decimals called TOK
  // 1 wei will give you 1 unit, or 0.001 TOK.
  uint256 public rate;

  // Amount of wei raised
  uint256 public weiRaised;

  /**
   * Event for token purchase logging
   * @param purchaser who paid for the tokens
   * @param beneficiary who got the tokens
   * @param value weis paid for purchase
   * @param amount amount of tokens purchased
   */
  event TokenPurchase(
    address indexed purchaser,
    address indexed beneficiary,
    uint256 value,
    uint256 amount
  );

  /**
   * @param _rate Number of token units a buyer gets per wei
   * @param _wallet Address where collected funds will be forwarded to
   * @param _token Address of the token being sold
   */
  constructor(uint256 _rate, address _wallet, ERC20 _token) public {
    require(_rate > 0);
    require(_wallet != address(0));
    require(_token != address(0));

    rate = _rate;
    wallet = _wallet;
    token = _token;
  }

  // -----------------------------------------
  // Crowdsale external interface
  // -----------------------------------------

  /**
   * @dev fallback function ***DO NOT OVERRIDE***
   */
  function () external payable {
    buyTokens(msg.sender);
  }

  /**
   * @dev low level token purchase ***DO NOT OVERRIDE***
   * @param _beneficiary Address performing the token purchase
   */
  function buyTokens(address _beneficiary) public payable {

    uint256 weiAmount = msg.value;
    _preValidatePurchase(_beneficiary, weiAmount);

    // calculate token amount to be created
    uint256 tokens = _getTokenAmount(weiAmount);

    // update state
    weiRaised = weiRaised.add(weiAmount);

    _processPurchase(_beneficiary, tokens);
    emit TokenPurchase(
      msg.sender,
      _beneficiary,
      weiAmount,
      tokens
    );

    _updatePurchasingState(_beneficiary, weiAmount);

    _forwardFunds();
    _postValidatePurchase(_beneficiary, weiAmount);
  }

  // -----------------------------------------
  // Internal interface (extensible)
  // -----------------------------------------

  /**
   * @dev Validation of an incoming purchase. Use require statements to revert state when conditions are not met. Use `super` in contracts that inherit from Crowdsale to extend their validations.
   * Example from CappedCrowdsale.sol's _preValidatePurchase method: 
   *   super._preValidatePurchase(_beneficiary, _weiAmount);
   *   require(weiRaised.add(_weiAmount) <= cap);
   * @param _beneficiary Address performing the token purchase
   * @param _weiAmount Value in wei involved in the purchase
   */
  function _preValidatePurchase(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _weiAmount
  )
    internal
  {
    require(_beneficiary != address(0));
    require(_weiAmount != 0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Validation of an executed purchase. Observe state and use revert statements to undo rollback when valid conditions are not met.
   * @param _beneficiary Address performing the token purchase
   * @param _weiAmount Value in wei involved in the purchase
   */
  function _postValidatePurchase(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _weiAmount
  )
    internal
  {
    // optional override
  }

  /**
   * @dev Source of tokens. Override this method to modify the way in which the crowdsale ultimately gets and sends its tokens.
   * @param _beneficiary Address performing the token purchase
   * @param _tokenAmount Number of tokens to be emitted
   */
  function _deliverTokens(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _tokenAmount
  )
    internal
  {
    token.safeTransfer(_beneficiary, _tokenAmount);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Executed when a purchase has been validated and is ready to be executed. Not necessarily emits/sends tokens.
   * @param _beneficiary Address receiving the tokens
   * @param _tokenAmount Number of tokens to be purchased
   */
  function _processPurchase(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _tokenAmount
  )
    internal
  {
    _deliverTokens(_beneficiary, _tokenAmount);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Override for extensions that require an internal state to check for validity (current user contributions, etc.)
   * @param _beneficiary Address receiving the tokens
   * @param _weiAmount Value in wei involved in the purchase
   */
  function _updatePurchasingState(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _weiAmount
  )
    internal
  {
    // optional override
  }

  /**
   * @dev Override to extend the way in which ether is converted to tokens.
   * @param _weiAmount Value in wei to be converted into tokens
   * @return Number of tokens that can be purchased with the specified _weiAmount
   */
  function _getTokenAmount(uint256 _weiAmount)
    internal view returns (uint256)
  {
    return _weiAmount.mul(rate);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Determines how ETH is stored/forwarded on purchases.
   */
  function _forwardFunds() internal {
    wallet.transfer(msg.value);
  }
}


/**
 * @title TimedCrowdsale
 * @dev Crowdsale accepting contributions only within a time frame.
 */
contract TimedCrowdsale is Crowdsale {
  using SafeMath for uint256;

  uint256 public openingTime;
  uint256 public closingTime;

  /**
   * @dev Reverts if not in crowdsale time range.
   */
  modifier onlyWhileOpen {
    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-block-members
    require(block.timestamp >= openingTime && block.timestamp <= closingTime);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Constructor, takes crowdsale opening and closing times.
   * @param _openingTime Crowdsale opening time
   * @param _closingTime Crowdsale closing time
   */
  constructor(uint256 _openingTime, uint256 _closingTime) public {
    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-block-members
    require(_openingTime >= block.timestamp);
    require(_closingTime >= _openingTime);

    openingTime = _openingTime;
    closingTime = _closingTime;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Checks whether the period in which the crowdsale is open has already elapsed.
   * @return Whether crowdsale period has elapsed
   */
  function hasClosed() public view returns (bool) {
    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-block-members
    return block.timestamp > closingTime;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Extend parent behavior requiring to be within contributing period
   * @param _beneficiary Token purchaser
   * @param _weiAmount Amount of wei contributed
   */
  function _preValidatePurchase(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _weiAmount
  )
    internal
    onlyWhileOpen
  {
    super._preValidatePurchase(_beneficiary, _weiAmount);
  }

}


/**
 * @title AllowanceCrowdsale
 * @dev Extension of Crowdsale where tokens are held by a wallet, which approves an allowance to the crowdsale.
 */
contract AllowanceCrowdsale is Crowdsale {
  using SafeMath for uint256;
  using SafeERC20 for ERC20;

  address public tokenWallet;

  /**
   * @dev Constructor, takes token wallet address.
   * @param _tokenWallet Address holding the tokens, which has approved allowance to the crowdsale
   */
  constructor(address _tokenWallet) public {
    require(_tokenWallet != address(0));
    tokenWallet = _tokenWallet;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Checks the amount of tokens left in the allowance.
   * @return Amount of tokens left in the allowance
   */
  function remainingTokens() public view returns (uint256) {
    return token.allowance(tokenWallet, this);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Overrides parent behavior by transferring tokens from wallet.
   * @param _beneficiary Token purchaser
   * @param _tokenAmount Amount of tokens purchased
   */
  function _deliverTokens(
    address _beneficiary,
    uint256 _tokenAmount
  )
    internal
  {
    token.safeTransferFrom(tokenWallet, _beneficiary, _tokenAmount);
  }
}


/**
 * @title IncreasingPriceCrowdsale
 * @dev Extension of Crowdsale contract that increases the price of tokens linearly in time.
 * Note that what should be provided to the constructor is the initial and final _rates_, that is,
 * the amount of tokens per wei contributed. Thus, the initial rate must be greater than the final rate.
 */
contract IncreasingPriceCrowdsale is TimedCrowdsale {
  using SafeMath for uint256;

  uint256 public initialRate;
  uint256 public finalRate;

  /**
   * @dev Constructor, takes initial and final rates of tokens received per wei contributed.
   * @param _initialRate Number of tokens a buyer gets per wei at the start of the crowdsale
   * @param _finalRate Number of tokens a buyer gets per wei at the end of the crowdsale
   */
  constructor(uint256 _initialRate, uint256 _finalRate) public {
    require(_initialRate >= _finalRate);
    require(_finalRate > 0);
    initialRate = _initialRate;
    finalRate = _finalRate;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the rate of tokens per wei at the present time.
   * Note that, as price _increases_ with time, the rate _decreases_.
   * @return The number of tokens a buyer gets per wei at a given time
   */
  function getCurrentRate() public view returns (uint256) {
    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-block-members
    uint256 elapsedTime = block.timestamp.sub(openingTime);
    uint256 timeRange = closingTime.sub(openingTime);
    uint256 rateRange = initialRate.sub(finalRate);
    return initialRate.sub(elapsedTime.mul(rateRange).div(timeRange));
  }

  /**
   * @dev Overrides parent method taking into account variable rate.
   * @param _weiAmount The value in wei to be converted into tokens
   * @return The number of tokens _weiAmount wei will buy at present time
   */
  function _getTokenAmount(uint256 _weiAmount)
    internal view returns (uint256)
  {
    uint256 currentRate = getCurrentRate();
    return currentRate.mul(_weiAmount);
  }

}


/**
 * @title NmxCrowdsale
 * TimedCrowdsale - sets a time boundary for raising funds
 * AllowanceCrowdsale - allows to purchase tokens from external wallet
 */
contract NmxCrowdsale is AllowanceCrowdsale, IncreasingPriceCrowdsale {

  // solium-disable-next-line max-len
  event CrowdsaleCreated(address owner, uint256 openingTime, uint256 closingTime, uint256 rate);

  /**
   * @param _openingTime  time in Unix epoch - opening the crowdsale
   * @param _closingTime  time in Unix epoch - closing the crowdsale
   * @param _rate         how many tokens per 1 Ether in first stage
   * @param _ratePublic   how many tokens per 1 Ether in last stage
   * @param _wallet       wallet to collect Ether
   * @param _token        ERC20 token to put on sale
   * @param _tokenHolder  address of the token holder - to approve crowdsale
   */
  constructor(
    uint256 _openingTime,
    uint256 _closingTime,
    uint256 _rate,
    uint256 _ratePublic,
    address _wallet,
    StandardToken _token,
    address _tokenHolder
  )
    public
    Crowdsale(_rate, _wallet, _token)
    AllowanceCrowdsale(_tokenHolder)
    TimedCrowdsale(_openingTime, _closingTime)
    IncreasingPriceCrowdsale(_rate, _ratePublic)
  {
    emit CrowdsaleCreated(
      msg.sender, 
      _openingTime, 
      _closingTime, 
      _rate);
  }

  /**
  * There are only 2 rates: private and public - equally long
  */
  function getCurrentRate() public view returns (uint256) {
    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-block-members
    uint256 elapsedTime = block.timestamp.sub(openingTime);
    uint256 timeRange = closingTime.sub(openingTime);
    if (elapsedTime < timeRange.div(2)) {
      return initialRate;
    } else {
      return finalRate;
    }
  }
}