// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/math/Math.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a >= b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow, so we distribute
        return (a / 2) + (b / 2) + ((a % 2 + b % 2) / 2);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
 * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
 * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
 * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
 * operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b <= a, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a - b;

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        uint256 c = a * b;
        require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Solidity only automatically asserts when dividing by 0
        require(b > 0, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b != 0, errorMessage);
        return a % b;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP. Does not include
 * the optional functions; to access them see {ERC20Detailed}.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/utils/Address.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.5;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following 
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // According to EIP-1052, 0x0 is the value returned for not-yet created accounts
        // and 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470 is returned
        // for accounts without code, i.e. `keccak256('')`
        bytes32 codehash;
        bytes32 accountHash = 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470;
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly { codehash := extcodehash(account) }
        return (codehash != accountHash && codehash != 0x0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` into `address payable`. Note that this is
     * simply a type cast: the actual underlying value is not changed.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function toPayable(address account) internal pure returns (address payable) {
        return address(uint160(account));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-call-value
        (bool success, ) = recipient.call.value(amount)("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/token/ERC20/SafeERC20.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;




/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for ERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    using Address for address;

    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        // solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require((value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender).add(value);
        callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender).sub(value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
        callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves.

        // A Solidity high level call has three parts:
        //  1. The target address is checked to verify it contains contract code
        //  2. The call itself is made, and success asserted
        //  3. The return value is decoded, which in turn checks the size of the returned data.
        // solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(address(token).isContract(), "SafeERC20: call to non-contract");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        require(success, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");

        if (returndata.length > 0) { // Return data is optional
            // solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/upgrades/contracts/Initializable.sol

pragma solidity >=0.4.24 <0.6.0;


/**
 * @title Initializable
 *
 * @dev Helper contract to support initializer functions. To use it, replace
 * the constructor with a function that has the `initializer` modifier.
 * WARNING: Unlike constructors, initializer functions must be manually
 * invoked. This applies both to deploying an Initializable contract, as well
 * as extending an Initializable contract via inheritance.
 * WARNING: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke
 * a parent initializer twice, or ensure that all initializers are idempotent,
 * because this is not dealt with automatically as with constructors.
 */
contract Initializable {

  /**
   * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
   */
  bool private initialized;

  /**
   * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
   */
  bool private initializing;

  /**
   * @dev Modifier to use in the initializer function of a contract.
   */
  modifier initializer() {
    require(initializing || isConstructor() || !initialized, "Contract instance has already been initialized");

    bool isTopLevelCall = !initializing;
    if (isTopLevelCall) {
      initializing = true;
      initialized = true;
    }

    _;

    if (isTopLevelCall) {
      initializing = false;
    }
  }

  /// @dev Returns true if and only if the function is running in the constructor
  function isConstructor() private view returns (bool) {
    // extcodesize checks the size of the code stored in an address, and
    // address returns the current address. Since the code is still not
    // deployed when running a constructor, any checks on its code size will
    // yield zero, making it an effective way to detect if a contract is
    // under construction or not.
    uint256 cs;
    assembly { cs := extcodesize(address) }
    return cs == 0;
  }

  // Reserved storage space to allow for layout changes in the future.
  uint256[50] private ______gap;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/GSN/Context.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;


/*
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
contract Context is Initializable {
    // Empty internal constructor, to prevent people from mistakenly deploying
    // an instance of this contract, which should be used via inheritance.
    constructor () internal { }
    // solhint-disable-previous-line no-empty-blocks

    function _msgSender() internal view returns (address payable) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;





/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20Mintable}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin guidelines: functions revert instead
 * of returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless conventional
 * and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20 applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20 is Initializable, Context, IERC20 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    mapping (address => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public returns (bool) {
        _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20};
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - `sender` and `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for `sender`'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) public returns (bool) {
        _transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
        _approve(sender, _msgSender(), _allowances[sender][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance"));
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].add(addedValue));
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public returns (bool) {
        _approve(_msgSender(), spender, _allowances[_msgSender()][spender].sub(subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero"));
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves tokens `amount` from `sender` to `recipient`.
     *
     * This is internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(sender != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        require(recipient != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _balances[sender] = _balances[sender].sub(amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        _balances[recipient] = _balances[recipient].add(amount);
        emit Transfer(sender, recipient, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(amount);
        _balances[account] = _balances[account].add(amount);
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _balances[account] = _balances[account].sub(amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        _totalSupply = _totalSupply.sub(amount);
        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`s tokens.
     *
     * This is internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`.`amount` is then deducted
     * from the caller's allowance.
     *
     * See {_burn} and {_approve}.
     */
    function _burnFrom(address account, uint256 amount) internal {
        _burn(account, amount);
        _approve(account, _msgSender(), _allowances[account][_msgSender()].sub(amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds allowance"));
    }

    uint256[50] private ______gap;
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts-ethereum-package/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20Detailed.sol

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;



/**
 * @dev Optional functions from the ERC20 standard.
 */
contract ERC20Detailed is Initializable, IERC20 {
    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;
    uint8 private _decimals;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for `name`, `symbol`, and `decimals`. All three of
     * these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    function initialize(string memory name, string memory symbol, uint8 decimals) public initializer {
        _name = name;
        _symbol = symbol;
        _decimals = decimals;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5,05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view returns (uint8) {
        return _decimals;
    }

    uint256[50] private ______gap;
}

// File: contracts/hardworkInterface/IStrategy.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;

interface IStrategy {
    
    function unsalvagableTokens(address tokens) external view returns (bool);
    
    function governance() external view returns (address);
    function controller() external view returns (address);
    function underlying() external view returns (address);
    function vault() external view returns (address);

    function withdrawAllToVault() external;
    function withdrawToVault(uint256 amount) external;

    function investedUnderlyingBalance() external view returns (uint256); // itsNotMuch()

    // should only be called by controller
    function salvage(address recipient, address token, uint256 amount) external;

    function doHardWork() external;
    function depositArbCheck() external view returns(bool);
}

// File: contracts/hardworkInterface/IController.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;

interface IController {
    // [Grey list]
    // An EOA can safely interact with the system no matter what.
    // If you're using Metamask, you're using an EOA.
    // Only smart contracts may be affected by this grey list.
    //
    // This contract will not be able to ban any EOA from the system
    // even if an EOA is being added to the greyList, he/she will still be able
    // to interact with the whole system as if nothing happened.
    // Only smart contracts will be affected by being added to the greyList.
    // This grey list is only used in Vault.sol, see the code there for reference
    function greyList(address _target) external view returns(bool);

    function addVaultAndStrategy(address _vault, address _strategy) external;
    function doHardWork(address _vault) external;
    function hasVault(address _vault) external returns(bool);

    function salvage(address _token, uint256 amount) external;
    function salvageStrategy(address _strategy, address _token, uint256 amount) external;

    function notifyFee(address _underlying, uint256 fee) external;
    function profitSharingNumerator() external view returns (uint256);
    function profitSharingDenominator() external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: contracts/hardworkInterface/IVault.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;

interface IVault {

    function underlyingBalanceInVault() external view returns (uint256);
    function underlyingBalanceWithInvestment() external view returns (uint256);

    function governance() external view returns (address);
    function controller() external view returns (address);
    function underlying() external view returns (address);
    function strategy() external view returns (address);

    function setStrategy(address _strategy) external;
    function setVaultFractionToInvest(uint256 numerator, uint256 denominator) external;

    function deposit(uint256 amountWei) external;
    function depositFor(uint256 amountWei, address holder) external;

    function withdrawAll() external;
    function withdraw(uint256 numberOfShares) external;
    function getPricePerFullShare() external view returns (uint256);

    function underlyingBalanceWithInvestmentForHolder(address holder) view external returns (uint256);

    // hard work should be callable only by the controller (by the hard worker) or by governance
    function doHardWork() external;
    function rebalance() external;
}

// File: contracts/hardworkInterface/IUpgradeSource.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;

interface IUpgradeSource {
  function shouldUpgrade() external view returns (bool, address);
  function finalizeUpgrade() external;
}

// File: contracts/Storage.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;

contract Storage {

  address public governance;
  address public controller;

  constructor() public {
    governance = msg.sender;
  }

  modifier onlyGovernance() {
    require(isGovernance(msg.sender), "Not governance");
    _;
  }

  function setGovernance(address _governance) public onlyGovernance {
    require(_governance != address(0), "new governance shouldn't be empty");
    governance = _governance;
  }

  function setController(address _controller) public onlyGovernance {
    require(_controller != address(0), "new controller shouldn't be empty");
    controller = _controller;
  }

  function isGovernance(address account) public view returns (bool) {
    return account == governance;
  }

  function isController(address account) public view returns (bool) {
    return account == controller;
  }
}

// File: contracts/GovernableInit.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;



// A clone of Governable supporting the Initializable interface and pattern
contract GovernableInit is Initializable {

  bytes32 internal constant _STORAGE_SLOT = 0xa7ec62784904ff31cbcc32d09932a58e7f1e4476e1d041995b37c917990b16dc;

  modifier onlyGovernance() {
    require(Storage(_storage()).isGovernance(msg.sender), "Not governance");
    _;
  }

  constructor() public {
    assert(_STORAGE_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.governableInit.storage")) - 1));
  }

  function initialize(address _store) public initializer {
    _setStorage(_store);
  }

  function _setStorage(address newStorage) private {
    bytes32 slot = _STORAGE_SLOT;
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      sstore(slot, newStorage)
    }
  }

  function setStorage(address _store) public onlyGovernance {
    require(_store != address(0), "new storage shouldn't be empty");
    _setStorage(_store);
  }

  function _storage() internal view returns (address str) {
    bytes32 slot = _STORAGE_SLOT;
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      str := sload(slot)
    }
  }

  function governance() public view returns (address) {
    return Storage(_storage()).governance();
  }
}

// File: contracts/ControllableInit.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;


// A clone of Governable supporting the Initializable interface and pattern
contract ControllableInit is GovernableInit {

  constructor() public {
  }

  function initialize(address _storage) public initializer {
    GovernableInit.initialize(_storage);
  }

  modifier onlyController() {
    require(Storage(_storage()).isController(msg.sender), "Not a controller");
    _;
  }

  modifier onlyControllerOrGovernance(){
    require((Storage(_storage()).isController(msg.sender) || Storage(_storage()).isGovernance(msg.sender)),
      "The caller must be controller or governance");
    _;
  }

  function controller() public view returns (address) {
    return Storage(_storage()).controller();
  }
}

// File: contracts/VaultStorage.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;


contract VaultStorage is Initializable {

  bytes32 internal constant _STRATEGY_SLOT = 0xf1a169aa0f736c2813818fdfbdc5755c31e0839c8f49831a16543496b28574ea;
  bytes32 internal constant _UNDERLYING_SLOT = 0x1994607607e11d53306ef62e45e3bd85762c58d9bf38b5578bc4a258a26a7371;
  bytes32 internal constant _UNDERLYING_UNIT_SLOT = 0xa66bc57d4b4eed7c7687876ca77997588987307cb13ecc23f5e52725192e5fff;
  bytes32 internal constant _VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_NUMERATOR_SLOT = 0x39122c9adfb653455d0c05043bd52fcfbc2be864e832efd3abc72ce5a3d7ed5a;
  bytes32 internal constant _VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_DENOMINATOR_SLOT = 0x469a3bad2fab7b936c45eecd1f5da52af89cead3e2ed7f732b6f3fc92ed32308;
  bytes32 internal constant _NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0xb1acf527cd7cd1668b30e5a9a1c0d845714604de29ce560150922c9d8c0937df;
  bytes32 internal constant _NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_TIMESTAMP_SLOT = 0x3bc747f4b148b37be485de3223c90b4468252967d2ea7f9fcbd8b6e653f434c9;
  bytes32 internal constant _NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_DELAY_SLOT = 0x82ddc3be3f0c1a6870327f78f4979a0b37b21b16736ef5be6a7a7a35e530bcf0;
  bytes32 internal constant _STRATEGY_TIME_LOCK_SLOT = 0x6d02338b2e4c913c0f7d380e2798409838a48a2c4d57d52742a808c82d713d8b;
  bytes32 internal constant _FUTURE_STRATEGY_SLOT = 0xb441b53a4e42c2ca9182bc7ede99bedba7a5d9360d9dfbd31fa8ee2dc8590610;
  bytes32 internal constant _STRATEGY_UPDATE_TIME_SLOT = 0x56e7c0e75875c6497f0de657009613a32558904b5c10771a825cc330feff7e72;

  constructor() public {
    assert(_STRATEGY_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.strategy")) - 1));
    assert(_UNDERLYING_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.underlying")) - 1));
    assert(_UNDERLYING_UNIT_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.underlyingUnit")) - 1));
    assert(_VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_NUMERATOR_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.vaultFractionToInvestNumerator")) - 1));
    assert(_VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_DENOMINATOR_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.vaultFractionToInvestDenominator")) - 1));
    assert(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.nextImplementation")) - 1));
    assert(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_TIMESTAMP_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.nextImplementationTimestamp")) - 1));
    assert(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_DELAY_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.nextImplementationDelay")) - 1));
    assert(_STRATEGY_TIME_LOCK_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.strategyTimeLock")) - 1));
    assert(_FUTURE_STRATEGY_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.futureStrategy")) - 1));
    assert(_STRATEGY_UPDATE_TIME_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.vaultStorage.strategyUpdateTime")) - 1));
  }

  function initialize(
    address _underlying,
    uint256 _toInvestNumerator,
    uint256 _toInvestDenominator,
    uint256 _underlyingUnit,
    uint256 _implementationChangeDelay,
    uint256 _strategyChangeDelay
  ) public initializer {
    _setUnderlying(_underlying);
    _setVaultFractionToInvestNumerator(_toInvestNumerator);
    _setVaultFractionToInvestDenominator(_toInvestDenominator);
    _setUnderlyingUnit(_underlyingUnit);
    _setNextImplementationDelay(_implementationChangeDelay);
    _setStrategyTimeLock(_strategyChangeDelay);
    _setStrategyUpdateTime(0);
    _setFutureStrategy(address(0));
  }

  function _setStrategy(address _address) internal {
    setAddress(_STRATEGY_SLOT, _address);
  }

  function _strategy() internal view returns (address) {
    return getAddress(_STRATEGY_SLOT);
  }

  function _setUnderlying(address _address) internal {
    setAddress(_UNDERLYING_SLOT, _address);
  }

  function _underlying() internal view returns (address) {
    return getAddress(_UNDERLYING_SLOT);
  }

  function _setUnderlyingUnit(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_UNDERLYING_UNIT_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _underlyingUnit() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_UNDERLYING_UNIT_SLOT);
  }

  function _setVaultFractionToInvestNumerator(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_NUMERATOR_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _vaultFractionToInvestNumerator() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_NUMERATOR_SLOT);
  }

  function _setVaultFractionToInvestDenominator(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_DENOMINATOR_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _vaultFractionToInvestDenominator() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_VAULT_FRACTION_TO_INVEST_DENOMINATOR_SLOT);
  }

  function _setNextImplementation(address _address) internal {
    setAddress(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, _address);
  }

  function _nextImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
    return getAddress(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT);
  }

  function _setNextImplementationTimestamp(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_TIMESTAMP_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _nextImplementationTimestamp() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_TIMESTAMP_SLOT);
  }

  function _setNextImplementationDelay(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_DELAY_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _nextImplementationDelay() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_NEXT_IMPLEMENTATION_DELAY_SLOT);
  }

  function _setStrategyTimeLock(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_STRATEGY_TIME_LOCK_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _strategyTimeLock() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_STRATEGY_TIME_LOCK_SLOT);
  }

  function _setFutureStrategy(address _value) internal {
    setAddress(_FUTURE_STRATEGY_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _futureStrategy() internal view returns (address) {
    return getAddress(_FUTURE_STRATEGY_SLOT);
  }

  function _setStrategyUpdateTime(uint256 _value) internal {
    setUint256(_STRATEGY_UPDATE_TIME_SLOT, _value);
  }

  function _strategyUpdateTime() internal view returns (uint256) {
    return getUint256(_STRATEGY_UPDATE_TIME_SLOT);
  }

  function setAddress(bytes32 slot, address _address) private {
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      sstore(slot, _address)
    }
  }

  function setUint256(bytes32 slot, uint256 _value) private {
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      sstore(slot, _value)
    }
  }

  function getAddress(bytes32 slot) private view returns (address str) {
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      str := sload(slot)
    }
  }

  function getUint256(bytes32 slot) private view returns (uint256 str) {
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      str := sload(slot)
    }
  }

  uint256[50] private ______gap;
}

// File: contracts/Vault.sol

pragma solidity 0.5.16;













contract Vault is ERC20, ERC20Detailed, IVault, IUpgradeSource, ControllableInit, VaultStorage {
  using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
  using Address for address;
  using SafeMath for uint256;

  event Withdraw(address indexed beneficiary, uint256 amount);
  event Deposit(address indexed beneficiary, uint256 amount);
  event Invest(uint256 amount);
  event StrategyAnnounced(address newStrategy, uint256 time);
  event StrategyChanged(address newStrategy, address oldStrategy);

  constructor() public {
  }

  // the function is name differently to not cause inheritance clash in truffle and allows tests
  function initializeVault(address _storage,
    address _underlying,
    uint256 _toInvestNumerator,
    uint256 _toInvestDenominator
  ) public initializer {
    require(_toInvestNumerator <= _toInvestDenominator, "cannot invest more than 100%");
    require(_toInvestDenominator != 0, "cannot divide by 0");

    ERC20Detailed.initialize(
      string(abi.encodePacked("FARM_", ERC20Detailed(_underlying).symbol())),
      string(abi.encodePacked("f", ERC20Detailed(_underlying).symbol())),
      ERC20Detailed(_underlying).decimals()
    );
    ControllableInit.initialize(
      _storage
    );

    uint256 underlyingUnit = 10 ** uint256(ERC20Detailed(address(_underlying)).decimals());
    uint256 implementationDelay = 12 hours;
    uint256 strategyChangeDelay = 12 hours;
    VaultStorage.initialize(
      _underlying,
      _toInvestNumerator,
      _toInvestDenominator,
      underlyingUnit,
      implementationDelay,
      strategyChangeDelay
    );
  }

  function strategy() public view returns(address) {
    return _strategy();
  }

  function underlying() public view returns(address) {
    return _underlying();
  }

  function underlyingUnit() public view returns(uint256) {
    return _underlyingUnit();
  }

  function vaultFractionToInvestNumerator() public view returns(uint256) {
    return _vaultFractionToInvestNumerator();
  }

  function vaultFractionToInvestDenominator() public view returns(uint256) {
    return _vaultFractionToInvestDenominator();
  }

  function nextImplementation() public view returns(address) {
    return _nextImplementation();
  }

  function nextImplementationTimestamp() public view returns(uint256) {
    return _nextImplementationTimestamp();
  }

  function nextImplementationDelay() public view returns(uint256) {
    return _nextImplementationDelay();
  }

  modifier whenStrategyDefined() {
    require(address(strategy()) != address(0), "Strategy must be defined");
    _;
  }

  // Only smart contracts will be affected by this modifier
  modifier defense() {
    require(
      (msg.sender == tx.origin) ||                // If it is a normal user and not smart contract,
                                                  // then the requirement will pass
      !IController(controller()).greyList(msg.sender), // If it is a smart contract, then
      "This smart contract has been grey listed"  // make sure that it is not on our greyList.
    );
    _;
  }

  /**
  * Chooses the best strategy and re-invests. If the strategy did not change, it just calls
  * doHardWork on the current strategy. Call this through controller to claim hard rewards.
  */
  function doHardWork() whenStrategyDefined onlyControllerOrGovernance external {
    // ensure that new funds are invested too
    invest();
    IStrategy(strategy()).doHardWork();
  }

  /*
  * Returns the cash balance across all users in this contract.
  */
  function underlyingBalanceInVault() view public returns (uint256) {
    return IERC20(underlying()).balanceOf(address(this));
  }

  /* Returns the current underlying (e.g., DAI's) balance together with
   * the invested amount (if DAI is invested elsewhere by the strategy).
  */
  function underlyingBalanceWithInvestment() view public returns (uint256) {
    if (address(strategy()) == address(0)) {
      // initial state, when not set
      return underlyingBalanceInVault();
    }
    return underlyingBalanceInVault().add(IStrategy(strategy()).investedUnderlyingBalance());
  }

  function getPricePerFullShare() public view returns (uint256) {
    return totalSupply() == 0
        ? underlyingUnit()
        : underlyingUnit().mul(underlyingBalanceWithInvestment()).div(totalSupply());
  }

  /* get the user's share (in underlying)
  */
  function underlyingBalanceWithInvestmentForHolder(address holder) view external returns (uint256) {
    if (totalSupply() == 0) {
      return 0;
    }
    return underlyingBalanceWithInvestment()
        .mul(balanceOf(holder))
        .div(totalSupply());
  }

  function futureStrategy() public view returns (address) {
    return _futureStrategy();
  }

  function strategyUpdateTime() public view returns (uint256) {
    return _strategyUpdateTime();
  }

  function strategyTimeLock() public view returns (uint256) {
    return _strategyTimeLock();
  }

  function canUpdateStrategy(address _strategy) public view returns(bool) {
    return strategy() == address(0) // no strategy was set yet
      || (_strategy == futureStrategy()
          && block.timestamp > strategyUpdateTime()
          && strategyUpdateTime() > 0); // or the timelock has passed
  }

  /**
  * Indicates that the strategy update will happen in the future
  */
  function announceStrategyUpdate(address _strategy) public onlyControllerOrGovernance {
    // records a new timestamp
    uint256 when = block.timestamp.add(strategyTimeLock());
    _setStrategyUpdateTime(when);
    _setFutureStrategy(_strategy);
    emit StrategyAnnounced(_strategy, when);
  }

  /**
  * Finalizes (or cancels) the strategy update by resetting the data
  */
  function finalizeStrategyUpdate() public onlyControllerOrGovernance {
    _setStrategyUpdateTime(0);
    _setFutureStrategy(address(0));
  }

  function setStrategy(address _strategy) public onlyControllerOrGovernance {
    require(canUpdateStrategy(_strategy),
      "The strategy exists and switch timelock did not elapse yet");
    require(_strategy != address(0), "new _strategy cannot be empty");
    require(IStrategy(_strategy).underlying() == address(underlying()), "Vault underlying must match Strategy underlying");
    require(IStrategy(_strategy).vault() == address(this), "the strategy does not belong to this vault");

    emit StrategyChanged(_strategy, strategy());
    if (address(_strategy) != address(strategy())) {
      if (address(strategy()) != address(0)) { // if the original strategy (no underscore) is defined
        IERC20(underlying()).safeApprove(address(strategy()), 0);
        IStrategy(strategy()).withdrawAllToVault();
      }
      _setStrategy(_strategy);
      IERC20(underlying()).safeApprove(address(strategy()), 0);
      IERC20(underlying()).safeApprove(address(strategy()), uint256(~0));
    }
    finalizeStrategyUpdate();
  }

  function setVaultFractionToInvest(uint256 numerator, uint256 denominator) external onlyGovernance {
    require(denominator > 0, "denominator must be greater than 0");
    require(numerator <= denominator, "denominator must be greater than or equal to the numerator");
    _setVaultFractionToInvestNumerator(numerator);
    _setVaultFractionToInvestDenominator(denominator);
  }

  function rebalance() external onlyControllerOrGovernance {
    withdrawAll();
    invest();
  }

  function availableToInvestOut() public view returns (uint256) {
    uint256 wantInvestInTotal = underlyingBalanceWithInvestment()
        .mul(vaultFractionToInvestNumerator())
        .div(vaultFractionToInvestDenominator());
    uint256 alreadyInvested = IStrategy(strategy()).investedUnderlyingBalance();
    if (alreadyInvested >= wantInvestInTotal) {
      return 0;
    } else {
      uint256 remainingToInvest = wantInvestInTotal.sub(alreadyInvested);
      return remainingToInvest <= underlyingBalanceInVault()
        // TODO: we think that the "else" branch of the ternary operation is not
        // going to get hit
        ? remainingToInvest : underlyingBalanceInVault();
    }
  }

  function invest() internal whenStrategyDefined {
    uint256 availableAmount = availableToInvestOut();
    if (availableAmount > 0) {
      IERC20(underlying()).safeTransfer(address(strategy()), availableAmount);
      emit Invest(availableAmount);
    }
  }

  /*
  * Allows for depositing the underlying asset in exchange for shares.
  * Approval is assumed.
  */
  function deposit(uint256 amount) external defense {
    _deposit(amount, msg.sender, msg.sender);
  }

  /*
  * Allows for depositing the underlying asset in exchange for shares
  * assigned to the holder.
  * This facilitates depositing for someone else (using DepositHelper)
  */
  function depositFor(uint256 amount, address holder) public defense {
    _deposit(amount, msg.sender, holder);
  }

  function withdrawAll() public onlyControllerOrGovernance whenStrategyDefined {
    IStrategy(strategy()).withdrawAllToVault();
  }

  function withdraw(uint256 numberOfShares) external {
    require(totalSupply() > 0, "Vault has no shares");
    require(numberOfShares > 0, "numberOfShares must be greater than 0");
    uint256 totalSupply = totalSupply();
    _burn(msg.sender, numberOfShares);

    uint256 underlyingAmountToWithdraw = underlyingBalanceWithInvestment()
        .mul(numberOfShares)
        .div(totalSupply);
    if (underlyingAmountToWithdraw > underlyingBalanceInVault()) {
      // withdraw everything from the strategy to accurately check the share value
      if (numberOfShares == totalSupply) {
        IStrategy(strategy()).withdrawAllToVault();
      } else {
        uint256 missing = underlyingAmountToWithdraw.sub(underlyingBalanceInVault());
        IStrategy(strategy()).withdrawToVault(missing);
      }
      // recalculate to improve accuracy
      underlyingAmountToWithdraw = Math.min(underlyingBalanceWithInvestment()
          .mul(numberOfShares)
          .div(totalSupply), underlyingBalanceInVault());
    }

    IERC20(underlying()).safeTransfer(msg.sender, underlyingAmountToWithdraw);

    // update the withdrawal amount for the holder
    emit Withdraw(msg.sender, underlyingAmountToWithdraw);
  }

  function _deposit(uint256 amount, address sender, address beneficiary) internal {
    require(amount > 0, "Cannot deposit 0");
    require(beneficiary != address(0), "holder must be defined");

    if (address(strategy()) != address(0)) {
      require(IStrategy(strategy()).depositArbCheck(), "Too much arb");
    }

    uint256 toMint = totalSupply() == 0
        ? amount
        : amount.mul(totalSupply()).div(underlyingBalanceWithInvestment());
    _mint(beneficiary, toMint);

    IERC20(underlying()).safeTransferFrom(sender, address(this), amount);

    // update the contribution amount for the beneficiary
    emit Deposit(beneficiary, amount);
  }

  /**
  * Schedules an upgrade for this vault's proxy.
  */
  function scheduleUpgrade(address impl) public onlyGovernance {
    _setNextImplementation(impl);
    _setNextImplementationTimestamp(block.timestamp.add(nextImplementationDelay()));
  }

  function shouldUpgrade() external view returns (bool, address) {
    return (
      nextImplementationTimestamp() != 0
        && block.timestamp > nextImplementationTimestamp()
        && nextImplementation() != address(0),
      nextImplementation()
    );
  }

  function finalizeUpgrade() external onlyGovernance {
    _setNextImplementation(address(0));
    _setNextImplementationTimestamp(0);
  }
}