// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR GPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.5.17 <0.8.0;
/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that revert on error
 */
library SafeMath {

  /**
  * @dev Multiplies two numbers, reverts on overflow.
  */
  function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
    if (a == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    uint256 c = a * b;
    require(c / a == b);

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Integer division of two numbers truncating the quotient, reverts on division by zero.
  */
  function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(b > 0); // Solidity only automatically asserts when dividing by 0
    uint256 c = a / b;
    // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Subtracts two numbers, reverts on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
  */
  function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(b <= a);
    uint256 c = a - b;

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Adds two numbers, reverts on overflow.
  */
  function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    uint256 c = a + b;
    require(c >= a);

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Divides two numbers and returns the remainder (unsigned integer modulo),
  * reverts when dividing by zero.
  */
  function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(b != 0);
    return a % b;
  }
}

/**
 * @title SafeMathInt
 * @dev Math operations for int256 with overflow safety checks.
 */
library SafeMathInt {
    int256 private constant MIN_INT256 = int256(1) << 255;
    int256 private constant MAX_INT256 = ~(int256(1) << 255);

    /**
     * @dev Multiplies two int256 variables and fails on overflow.
     */
    function mul(int256 a, int256 b)
        internal
        pure
        returns (int256)
    {
        int256 c = a * b;

        // Detect overflow when multiplying MIN_INT256 with -1
        require(c != MIN_INT256 || (a & MIN_INT256) != (b & MIN_INT256));
        require((b == 0) || (c / b == a));
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Division of two int256 variables and fails on overflow.
     */
    function div(int256 a, int256 b)
        internal
        pure
        returns (int256)
    {
        // Prevent overflow when dividing MIN_INT256 by -1
        require(b != -1 || a != MIN_INT256);

        // Solidity already throws when dividing by 0.
        return a / b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Subtracts two int256 variables and fails on overflow.
     */
    function sub(int256 a, int256 b)
        internal
        pure
        returns (int256)
    {
        int256 c = a - b;
        require((b >= 0 && c <= a) || (b < 0 && c > a));
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adds two int256 variables and fails on overflow.
     */
    function add(int256 a, int256 b)
        internal
        pure
        returns (int256)
    {
        int256 c = a + b;
        require((b >= 0 && c >= a) || (b < 0 && c < a));
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts to absolute value, and fails on overflow.
     */
    function abs(int256 a)
        internal
        pure
        returns (int256)
    {
        require(a != MIN_INT256);
        return a < 0 ? -a : a;
    }
}
/**
 * @title Various utilities useful for uint256.
 */
library UInt256Lib {

    uint256 private constant MAX_INT256 = ~(uint256(1) << 255);

    /**
     * @dev Safely converts a uint256 to an int256.
     */
    function toInt256Safe(uint256 a)
        internal
        pure
        returns (int256)
    {
        require(a <= MAX_INT256);
        return int256(a);
    }
}
/**
 * @title Ownable
 * @dev The Ownable contract has an owner address, and provides basic authorization control
 * functions, this simplifies the implementation of "user permissions".
 */
contract Ownable {
  address private _owner;

  event OwnershipRenounced(address indexed previousOwner);

  event OwnershipTransferred(
    address indexed previousOwner,
    address indexed newOwner
  );


  /**
   * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
   * account.
   */
  constructor() public {
    _owner = msg.sender;
  }

  /**
   * @return the address of the owner.
   */
  function owner() public view returns(address) {
    return _owner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(isOwner());
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @return true if `msg.sender` is the owner of the contract.
   */
  function isOwner() public view returns(bool) {
    return msg.sender == _owner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
   * @notice Renouncing to ownership will leave the contract without an owner.
   * It will not be possible to call the functions with the `onlyOwner`
   * modifier anymore.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
    emit OwnershipRenounced(_owner);
    _owner = address(0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
    _transferOwnership(newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal {
    require(newOwner != address(0));
    emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
    _owner = newOwner;
  }
}
interface IOracle {
    function getData() external view returns (uint256);
    function update() external;
}

interface IMau {
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
    function rebase(uint256 epoch, int256 supplyDelta) external returns (uint256);
}

/**
 * @title Mau's Master
 * @dev Controller for an elastic supply currency based on the uFragments Ideal Money protocol a.k.a. Ampleforth.
 *      uFragments operates symmetrically on expansion and contraction. It will both split and
 *      combine coins to maintain a stable unit price.
 *
 *      This component regulates the token supply of the uFragments ERC20 token in response to
 *      market oracles.
 */
contract Master is Ownable {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    using SafeMathInt for int256;
    using UInt256Lib for uint256;

    struct Transaction {
        bool enabled;
        address destination;
        bytes data;
    }

    event TransactionFailed(address indexed destination, uint index, bytes data);

    // Stable ordering is not guaranteed.
    Transaction[] public transactions;

    event LogRebase(
        uint256 indexed epoch,
        uint256 exchangeRate,
        int256 requestedSupplyAdjustment,
        uint256 timestampSec
    );

    IMau public mau;

    // Market oracle provides the MAU/USD exchange rate as an 18 decimal fixed point number.
    IOracle public marketOracle;

    // If the current exchange rate is within this fractional distance from the target, no supply
    // update is performed. Fixed point number--same format as the rate.
    // (ie) abs(rate - targetRate) / targetRate < deviationThreshold, then no supply change.
    // DECIMALS Fixed point number.
    uint256 public deviationThreshold;

    // More than this much time must pass between rebase operations.
    uint256 public rebaseCooldown;

    // Block timestamp of last rebase operation
    uint256 public lastRebaseTimestampSec;

    // The number of rebase cycles since inception
    uint256 public epoch;

    uint256 private constant DECIMALS = 18;

    // Due to the expression in computeSupplyDelta(), MAX_RATE * MAX_SUPPLY must fit into an int256.
    // Both are 18 decimals fixed point numbers.
    uint256 private constant MAX_RATE = 10**6 * 10**DECIMALS;
    // MAX_SUPPLY = MAX_INT256 / MAX_RATE
    uint256 private constant MAX_SUPPLY = ~(uint256(1) << 255) / MAX_RATE;

    uint256 public targetRate;
    int256 public posDamp;
    int256 public negDamp;
    
    bool public posRebaseEnabled;
    bool public rebaseLocked; 

    constructor(address _mau) public {
        deviationThreshold = 5 * 10 ** (DECIMALS-2);
        // Start at .000000000051 cents 
        targetRate = (5508 * 10 ** (DECIMALS-14));
        negDamp = 2;
        posDamp = 20;

        rebaseCooldown = 8 hours; 
        lastRebaseTimestampSec = block.timestamp + rebaseCooldown;

        epoch = 1;
        rebaseLocked = true;
        posRebaseEnabled = true;
        
        mau = IMau(_mau);
    }
    
    /**
     * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
     * @notice Override to ensure that rebases aren't locked when this happens.
     */
    function releaseOwnership() public onlyOwner {
        require(!rebaseLocked, "Cannot renounce ownership if rebase is locked");
        super.renounceOwnership();
    }
        
    function setRebaseLocked(bool _locked) external onlyOwner {
        rebaseLocked = _locked;
    }
    
    function setPosRebaseEnabled() external onlyOwner {
        posRebaseEnabled = true;
    }
    
    function setPosRebaseDisabled() external onlyOwner {
        posRebaseEnabled = false;
    }


    /**
     * @notice Returns true if the cooldown timer has expired since the last rebase.
     *
     */
     
    function canRebase() public view returns (bool) {
        return ((!rebaseLocked || isOwner()) && lastRebaseTimestampSec.add(rebaseCooldown) < now);
    }
    
    function cooldownExpiryTimestamp() public view returns (uint256) {
        return lastRebaseTimestampSec.add(rebaseCooldown);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Initiates a new rebase operation, provided the minimum time period has elapsed.
     *
     */
     
    function rebase() external {

        require(tx.origin == msg.sender);
        require(canRebase(), "Rebase not allowed");

        lastRebaseTimestampSec = now;

        epoch = epoch.add(1);

        (uint256 exchangeRate, int256 supplyDelta) = getRebaseValues();
        
        if (supplyDelta > 0 && !posRebaseEnabled) {
            supplyDelta = 0;
        }
        
        uint256 supplyAfterRebase = mau.rebase(epoch, supplyDelta);
        
        assert(supplyAfterRebase <= MAX_SUPPLY);
        
        for (uint i = 0; i < transactions.length; i++) {
            Transaction storage t = transactions[i];
            if (t.enabled) {
                bool result =
                    externalCall(t.destination, t.data);
                if (!result) {
                    emit TransactionFailed(t.destination, i, t.data);
                    revert("Transaction Failed");
                }
            }
        }
        
        marketOracle.update();

        if (epoch < 80) {
            incrementTargetRate();
        } else {
            finalRate();
        }
        
        emit LogRebase(epoch, exchangeRate, supplyDelta, now);
    }
    
    // Increment by 20%
    function incrementTargetRate() internal {
        targetRate = targetRate.mul(6).div(5);
    }
    
    // Final rate of $.0001 per coin
    function finalRate() internal {
        targetRate = ( 1 ** (DECIMALS-4));
    }
    
    function setPosDampFactor(int256 pdf) external onlyOwner {
        posDamp = pdf;
    }
    
    function setNegDampFactor(int256 ndf) external onlyOwner {
        negDamp = ndf;
    }
    
    /**
     * @notice Calculates the supplyDelta and returns the current set of values for the rebase
     *
     * @dev The supply adjustment equals (_totalSupply * DeviationFromTargetRate) / rebaseLag
     *      Where DeviationFromTargetRate is (MarketOracleRate - targetRate) / targetRate
     * 
     */    
    
    function getRebaseValues() public view returns (uint256, int256) {

        uint256 exchangeRate = marketOracle.getData();

        if (exchangeRate > MAX_RATE) {
            exchangeRate = MAX_RATE;
        }

        int256 supplyDelta = computeSupplyDelta(exchangeRate);

        // Apply the dampening factor.
        if (supplyDelta < 0) {
            supplyDelta = supplyDelta.div(negDamp);
        } else {
            supplyDelta = supplyDelta.div(posDamp);                   
        }

        if (supplyDelta > 0 && mau.totalSupply().add(uint256(supplyDelta)) > MAX_SUPPLY) {
            supplyDelta = (MAX_SUPPLY.sub(mau.totalSupply())).toInt256Safe();
        }

        return (exchangeRate, supplyDelta);
    }


    /**
     * @return Computes the total supply adjustment in response to the exchange rate
     *         and the targetRate.
     */
    function computeSupplyDelta(uint256 rate)
        internal
        view
        returns (int256)
    {
        if (withinDeviationThreshold(rate)) {
            return 0;
        }

        int256 targetRateSigned = targetRate.toInt256Safe();
        return mau.totalSupply().toInt256Safe()
            .mul(rate.toInt256Safe().sub(targetRateSigned))
            .div(targetRateSigned);
    }

    /**
     * @param rate The current exchange rate, an 18 decimal fixed point number.
     * @return If the rate is within the deviation threshold from the target rate, returns true.
     *         Otherwise, returns false.
     */
    function withinDeviationThreshold(uint256 rate)
        internal
        view
        returns (bool)
    {
        uint256 absoluteDeviationThreshold = targetRate.mul(deviationThreshold)
            .div(10 ** DECIMALS);

        return (rate >= targetRate && rate.sub(targetRate) < absoluteDeviationThreshold)
            || (rate < targetRate && targetRate.sub(rate) < absoluteDeviationThreshold);
    }
    
    /**
     * @notice Sets the reference to the market oracle.
     * @param marketOracle_ The address of the market oracle contract.
     */
    function setMarketOracle(IOracle marketOracle_)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        marketOracle = marketOracle_;
    }
    
    /**
     * @notice Adds a transaction that gets called for a downstream receiver of rebases
     * @param destination Address of contract destination
     * @param data Transaction data payload
     */
    function addTransaction(address destination, bytes calldata data)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        transactions.push(Transaction({
            enabled: true,
            destination: destination,
            data: data
        }));
    }

    /**
     * @param index Index of transaction to remove.
     *              Transaction ordering may have changed since adding.
     */
    function removeTransaction(uint index)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(index < transactions.length, "index out of bounds");

        if (index < transactions.length - 1) {
            transactions[index] = transactions[transactions.length - 1];
        }
        
        require(transactions.length > 0, "transactions list is empty");
        transactions[transactions.length - 1] = Transaction(false, address(0), "");
    }

    /**
     * @param index Index of transaction. Transaction ordering may have changed since adding.
     * @param enabled True for enabled, false for disabled.
     */
    function setTransactionEnabled(uint index, bool enabled)
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        require(index < transactions.length, "index must be in range of stored tx list");
        transactions[index].enabled = enabled;
    }

    /**
     * @return Number of transactions, both enabled and disabled, in transactions list.
     */
    function transactionsSize()
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return transactions.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev wrapper to call the encoded transactions on downstream consumers.
     * @param destination Address of destination contract.
     * @param data The encoded data payload.
     * @return True on success
     */
    function externalCall(address destination, bytes memory data)
        internal
        returns (bool)
    {
        bool result;
        assembly {  // solhint-disable-line no-inline-assembly
            // "Allocate" memory for output
            // (0x40 is where "free memory" pointer is stored by convention)
            let outputAddress := mload(0x40)

            // First 32 bytes are the padded length of data, so exclude that
            let dataAddress := add(data, 32)

            result := call(
                sub(gas(), 34710),
                destination,
                0, // transfer value in wei
                dataAddress,
                mload(data),  // Size of the input, in bytes. Stored in position 0 of the array.
                outputAddress,
                0  // Output is ignored, therefore the output size is zero
            )
        }
        return result;
    }    
    
}