// File: /Users/sterlingcrispin/code/ConceptualLandscapesCONCEPT/Messages/contracts/DrawSvgOps.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: Mixed...
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

library TypeConversions {
    // borrowed from https://github.com/provable-things/ethereum-api/issues/102
    function uint2str(uint256 _i) internal pure returns (string memory str){
        if (_i == 0){
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 j = _i;
        uint256 length;
        while (j != 0){
            length++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(length);
        uint256 k = length;
        j = _i;
        while (j != 0){
            bstr[--k] = bytes1(uint8(48 + j % 10));
            j /= 10;
        }
        str = string(bstr);
    }
}

/// Copyright (c) Sterling Crispin
/// All rights reserved.
/// @title DrawSvgOps
/// @notice Provides some drawing functions used in MESSAGE
/// @author Sterling Crispin <sterlingcrispin@gmail.com>
library DrawSvgOps {

    string internal constant elli1 = '<ellipse cx="';
    string internal constant elli2 = '" cy="';
    string internal constant elli3 = '" rx="';
    string internal constant elli4 = '" ry="';
    string internal constant elli5 = '" stroke="mediumpurple" stroke-dasharray="';
    string internal constant upgradeShapeEnd = '"  fill-opacity="0"/>';
    string internal constant strBlank = ' ';

    function rand(uint num) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return  uint256(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(block.difficulty, block.timestamp, num))) % num;
    }
    function Ellipse(uint256 size) external view returns (string memory){
        string memory xLoc = TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-1));
        string memory yLoc = TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-2));
        string memory output = string(abi.encodePacked(
            elli1,xLoc,
            elli2,yLoc,
            elli3,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-3)),
            elli4,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-3))));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(
            output,
            elli5,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(7)+1),upgradeShapeEnd,
            elli1,xLoc,
            elli2,yLoc
        ));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(
            output,elli3,
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-4)),
            elli4,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-5)),
            elli5,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(6)+1),upgradeShapeEnd
            ));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(
            output,
            elli1,xLoc,
            elli2,yLoc,
            elli3,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-5)),
            elli4));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(
            output,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-6)),
            elli5,TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(4)+1),upgradeShapeEnd
        ));
        return output;
    }

    function Wiggle(uint256 size) external view returns (string memory){
        string memory output = string(abi.encodePacked(
            '<path d="M ',
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-1)), strBlank,
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-2)), strBlank,
            'Q ', TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-3)), strBlank));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(output,
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-4)), ', ',
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-5)), strBlank,
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-6)), strBlank,
            'T ',  TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-7)), strBlank,
            TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(size-8)), '"'
            ));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(output,
            ' stroke="red" stroke-dasharray="',TypeConversions.uint2str(rand(7)+1), upgradeShapeEnd
        ));
        return output;
    }
}
// File: /Users/sterlingcrispin/code/ConceptualLandscapesCONCEPT/Messages/contracts/Message.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Enumerable.sol";
import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol";
import "./common/meta-transactions/ContentMixin.sol";
import "./common/meta-transactions/NativeMetaTransaction.sol";
import "./DrawSvgOps.sol";

/**
       ///////////////////////////////////////
       ///////////////////////////////////////
       ///,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,//
       ///..................................//
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///       //usr: hello world         //
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///////////////////////////////////////
       ///,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,//
       ///..................................//
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///       //pub: hello world         //
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///                                  //
       ///////(O)/////////////////////////////
       ///////////////////////////////////////

       I hope you all have fun. Be nice.

       MESSAGE

       2021

       Sterling Crispin

       https://www.sterlingcrispin.com/message.html
**/


contract OwnableDelegateProxy {}

contract ProxyRegistry {
    mapping(address => OwnableDelegateProxy) public proxies;
}

/// [MIT License]
/// @title ERC721Tradable
/// @notice Edited ERC721Tradable.sol from OpenSea without mintTo and other garbo IDC about
abstract contract ERC721Tradable is ContextMixin, ERC721Enumerable, NativeMetaTransaction, Ownable {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    address proxyRegistryAddress;
    uint256 private _currentTokenId = 0;

    constructor(
        string memory _name,
        string memory _symbol,
        address _proxyRegistryAddress
    ) ERC721(_name, _symbol) {
        proxyRegistryAddress = _proxyRegistryAddress;
        _initializeEIP712(_name);
    }
    // OpenSea friendly func
    function _msgSender()
        internal
        override
        view
        returns (address sender)
    {
        return ContextMixin.msgSender();
    }
}

/// [MIT License]
/// @title Base64
/// @notice Provides a function for encoding some bytes in base64
/// @author Brecht Devos <brecht@loopring.org>
library Base64 {
    bytes internal constant TABLE = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
    /// @notice Encodes some bytes to the base64 representation
    function encode(bytes memory data) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 len = data.length;
        if (len == 0) return "";
        uint256 encodedLen = 4 * ((len + 2) / 3);
        bytes memory result = new bytes(encodedLen + 32);
        bytes memory table = TABLE;

        assembly {
            let tablePtr := add(table, 1)
            let resultPtr := add(result, 32)
            for {
                let i := 0
            } lt(i, len) {

            } {
                i := add(i, 3)
                let input := and(mload(add(data, i)), 0xffffff)
                let out := mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(18, input), 0x3F)))
                out := shl(8, out)
                out := add(out, and(mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(12, input), 0x3F))), 0xFF))
                out := shl(8, out)
                out := add(out, and(mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(6, input), 0x3F))), 0xFF))
                out := shl(8, out)
                out := add(out, and(mload(add(tablePtr, and(input, 0x3F))), 0xFF))
                out := shl(224, out)
                mstore(resultPtr, out)
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 4)
            }
            switch mod(len, 3)
            case 1 {
                mstore(sub(resultPtr, 2), shl(240, 0x3d3d))
            }
            case 2 {
                mstore(sub(resultPtr, 1), shl(248, 0x3d))
            }
            mstore(result, encodedLen)
        }
        return string(result);
    }
}
/// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~      
/// [MIT License]
/// @title Message
/// @notice An experiment in communication.
/// @author Sterling Crispin <sterlingcrispin@gmail.com>
contract Message is ERC721Tradable {
    using Strings for string;

    uint256 constant MAXTOKENS = 482;// 512 total tokens
    uint256 OWNERTOKENS = 30;

    bool internal mintingEnabled = false;
    string internal constant spanA = '<tspan x="40" dy="25">';
    string internal constant spanZ = '</tspan>';
    string internal constant svgStart = '<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet" viewBox="0 0 400 400" width="800" height="800"><defs><linearGradient id="grad"  x1="0" x2="0" y1="0" y2="1"><stop offset="0%" stop-color="dimgrey" /><stop offset="10%" stop-color="black" /></linearGradient><radialGradient id="grad2" cx="0.5" cy="0.9" r="1.2" fx="0.5" fy="0.9" spreadMethod="repeat"><stop offset="0%" stop-color="red"/><stop offset="100%" stop-color="blue"/></radialGradient></defs><style>.base { fill:';
    string internal constant svgO1 = 'font-family: monospace; font-size: 15px; }</style><rect y="8" width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#grad';
    string internal constant svgB1 = '<rect y="50%" width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#grad';
    string internal constant svgB2 = ')" />';
    string internal constant svgO3 = '<text x="20" y="60" class="base">//usr: ';
    string internal constant svgP2 = '<text x="20" y="250" class="base">//pub: '; 
    string internal constant svgEnd = '<rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="none" stroke="dimgrey" stroke-width="20"/><circle cx="20" cy="395" r="3" fill="limegreen"/></svg>';
    string internal constant errBad = "Writing disabled due to Something Bad";
    string internal constant errPub = "Public Message is not enabled";
    string internal constant errOwn = "You are not the owner";
    string internal constant upgradeMetaEnd = '"},';
    string internal constant upgradeAvailMeta = '{"trait_type": "Upgrades Available","value": "';
    string internal constant upgradeUsedMeta = '{"trait_type": "Upgrades Used","value": "';
    string internal constant upgradeWigMeta = '{"trait_type": "Wiggle","value": "';
    string internal constant ugSphereMeta = '{"trait_type": "Spheres","value": "';
    string internal constant ugGradMeta = '{"trait_type": "Sunrise","value": "';
    string internal constant rarityMeta = '{"trait_type": "Vibe","value":';
    uint256 internal constant size = 400;
    
    struct MsgData{
        address owner;
        // 0 = Owner Only, 1 = Public Enabled , 2 = disabled due to lawsuit or Something Bad
        uint256 writeState;
        uint256 publicLineCount;
        string[5] publicMessage;
        uint256 ownerLineCount;
        string[5] ownerMessage;
        // green = 0, cool = 1, rare = 2, coolRare = 3, neat = 4
        uint256 rareType;
        // wiggle 0, spheres 1, grad 2, available = 3, used = 4
        string[5] upgradeMeta;
        // svg code
        string upgrade;
        // wiggle 0, spheres 1, grad 2
        uint256[3] upgradeUsed;
        uint256 upgradeAvailable;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => MsgData) public allMessage;

    constructor(address _proxyRegistryAddress)
        ERC721Tradable("Message", "MESSAGE", _proxyRegistryAddress)
    {}

    function readUpgradeMetadata(uint256 tokenId) public view returns(string[5] memory){
        return allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta;
    }
    
    function readWriteState(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (uint256){
        return allMessage[tokenId].writeState;
    }

    function readRarityType(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (uint256){
        return allMessage[tokenId].rareType;
    }

    function readPublicMessage(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string[5] memory){
        return allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage;
    }

    function readPublicLineCount(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (uint256){
        return allMessage[tokenId].publicLineCount;
    }

    function readOwnerMessage(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string[5] memory){
        return allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage;
    }

    function readOwnerLineCount(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (uint256){
        return allMessage[tokenId].ownerLineCount;
    }

    function checkOwner(uint256 tokenId) private view{
        require(allMessage[tokenId].writeState != 2, errBad);
        require(allMessage[tokenId].owner == _msgSender(), errOwn);
    }
    function clearOwnerMessage(uint256 tokenId) private {
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage = ["","","","",""];
    }
    function ownerWriteSingleLine(uint256 tokenId, string memory messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30) public {
        checkOwner(tokenId);
        clearOwnerMessage(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[0] =  string(abi.encodePacked(messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30 )); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerLineCount = 1;
    }

    function ownerWriteTwoLines(uint256 tokenId, string[2] memory messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30) public {
        checkOwner(tokenId);
        clearOwnerMessage(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[0] = string(abi.encodePacked(messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[0])); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[1] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[1],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerLineCount = 2;  
    }

    function ownerWriteMultiLines(uint256 tokenId, string[5] memory messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30) public {
        checkOwner(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[0] = string(abi.encodePacked(messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[0])); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[1] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[1],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[2] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[2],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[3] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[3],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[4] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[4],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerLineCount = 5;
    }
    function ownerWriteDrawing(uint256 tokenId, string memory svgCommand) public {
        checkOwner(tokenId);
        clearOwnerMessage(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerMessage[0] =  string(abi.encodePacked('</text>',svgCommand,'<text>')); 
        allMessage[tokenId].ownerLineCount = 1;
    }

    function ownerTogglePublicWrite(uint256 tokenId, bool toggle) public {
        checkOwner(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].writeState = toggle ? 1 : 0;
    }

    function checkPublic(uint256 tokenId) private view {
        require(allMessage[tokenId].writeState == 1, errPub);
    }
    
    function clearPublicMessage(uint256 tokenId) private {
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage = ["","","","",""];
    }
    
    function publicWriteSingleLine(uint256 tokenId, string memory messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30) public {
        checkPublic(tokenId);
        clearPublicMessage(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[0] =  string(abi.encodePacked(messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30 )); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicLineCount = 1;
    }

    function publicWriteTwoLines(uint256 tokenId, string[2] memory messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30) public {
        checkPublic(tokenId);
        clearPublicMessage(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[0] = string(abi.encodePacked(messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[0])); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[1] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[1],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicLineCount = 2;
    }

    function publicWriteMultiLine(uint256 tokenId, string[5] memory messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30) public {
        checkPublic(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[0] = string(abi.encodePacked(messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[0])); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[1] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[1],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[2] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[2],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[3] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[3],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[4] = string(abi.encodePacked(spanA,messageMaxCharacterPerLineAbout30[4],spanZ)); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicLineCount = 5;
    }
    
    function publicWriteDrawing(uint256 tokenId, string memory svgCommand) public {
        checkPublic(tokenId);
        clearPublicMessage(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].publicMessage[0] = string(abi.encodePacked('</text>',svgCommand,'<text>')); 
        allMessage[tokenId].publicLineCount = 1;
    }

    // lucky you
    function mint() public {
        require(mintingEnabled,"Public minting not currently enabled");
        require(balanceOf(_msgSender()) < 1, "Limit is 1 per wallet");
        require(totalSupply() < MAXTOKENS, "Max tokens have already been minted.");
        _privateMint(_msgSender());
    }

    // lucky me 
    function contractOwnerMint(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
        require(OWNERTOKENS > 0, "Maxed");
        OWNERTOKENS -= 1;
        _privateMint(newOwner);
    }

    // I won't use this on influencers
    function contractOwnerToggleCool(uint256 tokenId, bool toggle) public onlyOwner {
        allMessage[tokenId].rareType = toggle ? 1 : 0;
    }

    // For emergency use only...
    function contractOwnerToggleNice(uint256 tokenId, bool toggle) public onlyOwner {
        allMessage[tokenId].writeState = toggle ? 0 : 2;
        if(toggle == false){
            clearPublicMessage(tokenId);
            clearOwnerMessage(tokenId);
            allMessage[tokenId].writeState = 2;
            allMessage[tokenId].rareType = 0;
            allMessage[tokenId].ownerLineCount = 1;
            allMessage[tokenId].publicLineCount = 1;
            allMessage[tokenId].upgradeAvailable = 0;
            allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed =[0,0,0];
            allMessage[tokenId].upgrade = "";
            allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta = ["","","","",""];
        }
    }
    function contractOwnerToggleMinting(bool toggle) public onlyOwner {
        mintingEnabled = toggle;
    }
    // BOT OPERATOR WARNING: if you attack this
    // I'll call contractOwnerToggleNice() removing rarity
    // and disabling your shit,  so don't fuck around and find out. 
    function rand(uint256 num) private view returns (uint256) {
        return  uint256(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(block.difficulty, block.timestamp, num, totalSupply()))) % num;
    }

    function _privateMint(address newOwner) private {
        uint256 newToken = totalSupply()+1;
        // 25%
        if(rand(4) == 0){
            allMessage[newToken].rareType = 4;
        }
        // 14%
        if(rand(7) == 0){
            allMessage[newToken].rareType = 1;
        }
        // 8%
        if(rand(13) == 0){
            allMessage[newToken].rareType = 2;
        }
        // 0.13% ish
        if(rand(1234) == 0){
            allMessage[newToken].rareType = 3;
        }
        // 12%
        if(rand(8) == 0){
            allMessage[newToken].upgradeAvailable = rand(4)+1;
        } else {
            allMessage[newToken].upgradeAvailable = 0;
        }
        allMessage[newToken].publicMessage = ["hello world","","","",""];
        allMessage[newToken].ownerMessage = allMessage[newToken].publicMessage;
        allMessage[newToken].upgrade = ""; 
        allMessage[newToken].publicLineCount = 1;
        allMessage[newToken].ownerLineCount = 1;
        allMessage[newToken].writeState = 1;
        allMessage[newToken].upgradeUsed = [0,0,0];
        refreshAvailableUpgradeMetadata(newToken);
        _safeMint(newOwner,newToken);
    }

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].owner = to;
    }

    function isApprovedForAll(address _owner, address _operator) override public view returns (bool){
        if (owner() == _owner && _owner == _operator) {
            return true;
        }
        ProxyRegistry proxyRegistry = ProxyRegistry(proxyRegistryAddress);
        if (
            owner() == _owner &&
            address(proxyRegistry.proxies(_owner)) == _operator
        ) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    function ugType0(uint256 tokenId) private {
        allMessage[tokenId].upgrade = string(abi.encodePacked(allMessage[tokenId].upgrade, DrawSvgOps.Wiggle(size)));
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[0] += 1;
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta[0] = string(abi.encodePacked(upgradeWigMeta, TypeConversions.uint2str(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[0]), upgradeMetaEnd));
    }

    function ugType1(uint256 tokenId) private {
        allMessage[tokenId].upgrade = string(abi.encodePacked(allMessage[tokenId].upgrade, DrawSvgOps.Ellipse(size)));
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[1] += 1;
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta[1] = string(abi.encodePacked(ugSphereMeta, TypeConversions.uint2str(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[1]), upgradeMetaEnd));
    }

    function refreshAvailableUpgradeMetadata(uint256 tokenId) private{
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta[3] = string(abi.encodePacked(
            upgradeAvailMeta, 
            TypeConversions.uint2str(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeAvailable), 
        upgradeMetaEnd));
    }
    function upgradeMessage(uint256 tokenId) public{
        require(allMessage[tokenId].owner == _msgSender(), errOwn);
        require(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeAvailable > 0, 'No remaining upgrades');
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeAvailable -= 1;
        uint256 ugType = rand(3);
        if(ugType == 0){
            ugType0(tokenId);
        } 
        else if (ugType == 1){
            ugType1(tokenId);
        } else if (ugType == 2){
            if(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[2] < 1){
                allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[2] += 1;
                allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta[2] = string(abi.encodePacked(
                    ugGradMeta, 
                    TypeConversions.uint2str(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[2]), 
                    upgradeMetaEnd));
            } else {
                ugType0(tokenId);
            }
        }
        refreshAvailableUpgradeMetadata(tokenId);
        allMessage[tokenId].upgradeMeta[4] = string(abi.encodePacked(
            upgradeUsedMeta, 
            TypeConversions.uint2str(allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[0] + allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[1] + allMessage[tokenId].upgradeUsed[2]), 
            upgradeMetaEnd));
    }

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) override public view returns (string memory) {
        MsgData memory msgCopy = allMessage[tokenId];
        string memory attr = string(abi.encodePacked('"attributes": [', msgCopy.upgradeMeta[0],msgCopy.upgradeMeta[1],msgCopy.upgradeMeta[2],msgCopy.upgradeMeta[3],msgCopy.upgradeMeta[4]));
        string memory fontColor = 'limegreen;'; 
        if(msgCopy.rareType == 4){
            fontColor = 'yellow;'; 
            attr = string(abi.encodePacked(attr,rarityMeta, '"I just think they\'re neat"}'));
        } else if(msgCopy.rareType == 1){
            fontColor = 'cornflowerblue;'; 
            attr = string(abi.encodePacked(attr,rarityMeta,'"Oh, wow. Cool."}'));
        } else if(msgCopy.rareType == 2){
            fontColor = 'red;';
            attr = string(abi.encodePacked(attr,rarityMeta,'"Looks Rare"}'));
        } else if(msgCopy.rareType == 3){
            fontColor = 'red;font-style: oblique;font-weight: 900;letter-spacing: 3px;';
            attr = string(abi.encodePacked(attr,rarityMeta,'"Looks Rare and Cool"}'));
        } else {
            attr = string(abi.encodePacked(attr,rarityMeta,'"Green"}'));
        }
        string memory grad = msgCopy.upgradeUsed[2] == 0 ? "" : "2";
        string memory box2 = '';
        if(msgCopy.writeState==1){
            box2 = string(abi.encodePacked(svgB1,grad,svgB2));
        }
        string memory output = string(abi.encodePacked(svgStart,fontColor,svgO1,grad,svgB2,box2,svgO3));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(output, msgCopy.ownerMessage[0],msgCopy.ownerMessage[1],msgCopy.ownerMessage[2], msgCopy.ownerMessage[3],msgCopy.ownerMessage[4]));
        if(msgCopy.writeState==1){
            output = string(abi.encodePacked(output, '</text>',svgP2, msgCopy.publicMessage[0],msgCopy.publicMessage[1],msgCopy.publicMessage[2]));
            output = string(abi.encodePacked(output, msgCopy.publicMessage[3],msgCopy.publicMessage[4]));
        }
        output = string(abi.encodePacked(output,'</text>', msgCopy.upgrade, svgEnd));
        string memory json = Base64.encode(bytes(string(abi.encodePacked('{"name": "Message #', Strings.toString(tokenId), '", "description": "Message is an experiment in communication. Write via contract, refresh metadata. Be nice. https://sterlingcrispin.com/message.html",', attr ,'], "image": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,', Base64.encode(bytes(output)), '"}'))));
        output = string(abi.encodePacked('data:application/json;base64,', json));
        return output;
    }
}
// File: /Users/sterlingcrispin/code/ConceptualLandscapesCONCEPT/Messages/contracts/common/meta-transactions/ContentMixin.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

abstract contract ContextMixin {
    function msgSender()
        internal
        view
        returns (address payable sender)
    {
        if (msg.sender == address(this)) {
            bytes memory array = msg.data;
            uint256 index = msg.data.length;
            assembly {
                // Load the 32 bytes word from memory with the address on the lower 20 bytes, and mask those.
                sender := and(
                    mload(add(array, index)),
                    0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
                )
            }
        } else {
            sender = payable(msg.sender);
        }
        return sender;
    }
}

// File: /Users/sterlingcrispin/code/ConceptualLandscapesCONCEPT/Messages/contracts/common/meta-transactions/EIP712Base.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {Initializable} from "./Initializable.sol";

contract EIP712Base is Initializable {
    struct EIP712Domain {
        string name;
        string version;
        address verifyingContract;
        bytes32 salt;
    }

    string constant public ERC712_VERSION = "1";

    bytes32 internal constant EIP712_DOMAIN_TYPEHASH = keccak256(
        bytes(
            "EIP712Domain(string name,string version,address verifyingContract,bytes32 salt)"
        )
    );
    bytes32 internal domainSeperator;

    // supposed to be called once while initializing.
    // one of the contracts that inherits this contract follows proxy pattern
    // so it is not possible to do this in a constructor
    function _initializeEIP712(
        string memory name
    )
        internal
        initializer
    {
        _setDomainSeperator(name);
    }

    function _setDomainSeperator(string memory name) internal {
        domainSeperator = keccak256(
            abi.encode(
                EIP712_DOMAIN_TYPEHASH,
                keccak256(bytes(name)),
                keccak256(bytes(ERC712_VERSION)),
                address(this),
                bytes32(getChainId())
            )
        );
    }

    function getDomainSeperator() public view returns (bytes32) {
        return domainSeperator;
    }

    function getChainId() public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 id;
        assembly {
            id := chainid()
        }
        return id;
    }

    /**
     * Accept message hash and returns hash message in EIP712 compatible form
     * So that it can be used to recover signer from signature signed using EIP712 formatted data
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712
     * "\\x19" makes the encoding deterministic
     * "\\x01" is the version byte to make it compatible to EIP-191
     */
    function toTypedMessageHash(bytes32 messageHash)
        internal
        view
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return
            keccak256(
                abi.encodePacked("\x19\x01", getDomainSeperator(), messageHash)
            );
    }
}
// File: /Users/sterlingcrispin/code/ConceptualLandscapesCONCEPT/Messages/contracts/common/meta-transactions/Initializable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract Initializable {
    bool inited = false;

    modifier initializer() {
        require(!inited, "already inited");
        _;
        inited = true;
    }
}

// File: /Users/sterlingcrispin/code/ConceptualLandscapesCONCEPT/Messages/contracts/common/meta-transactions/NativeMetaTransaction.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {SafeMath} from  "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol";
import {EIP712Base} from "./EIP712Base.sol";

contract NativeMetaTransaction is EIP712Base {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    bytes32 private constant META_TRANSACTION_TYPEHASH = keccak256(
        bytes(
            "MetaTransaction(uint256 nonce,address from,bytes functionSignature)"
        )
    );
    event MetaTransactionExecuted(
        address userAddress,
        address payable relayerAddress,
        bytes functionSignature
    );
    mapping(address => uint256) nonces;

    /*
     * Meta transaction structure.
     * No point of including value field here as if user is doing value transfer then he has the funds to pay for gas
     * He should call the desired function directly in that case.
     */
    struct MetaTransaction {
        uint256 nonce;
        address from;
        bytes functionSignature;
    }

    function executeMetaTransaction(
        address userAddress,
        bytes memory functionSignature,
        bytes32 sigR,
        bytes32 sigS,
        uint8 sigV
    ) public payable returns (bytes memory) {
        MetaTransaction memory metaTx = MetaTransaction({
            nonce: nonces[userAddress],
            from: userAddress,
            functionSignature: functionSignature
        });

        require(
            verify(userAddress, metaTx, sigR, sigS, sigV),
            "Signer and signature do not match"
        );

        // increase nonce for user (to avoid re-use)
        nonces[userAddress] = nonces[userAddress].add(1);

        emit MetaTransactionExecuted(
            userAddress,
            payable(msg.sender),
            functionSignature
        );

        // Append userAddress and relayer address at the end to extract it from calling context
        (bool success, bytes memory returnData) = address(this).call(
            abi.encodePacked(functionSignature, userAddress)
        );
        require(success, "Function call not successful");

        return returnData;
    }

    function hashMetaTransaction(MetaTransaction memory metaTx)
        internal
        pure
        returns (bytes32)
    {
        return
            keccak256(
                abi.encode(
                    META_TRANSACTION_TYPEHASH,
                    metaTx.nonce,
                    metaTx.from,
                    keccak256(metaTx.functionSignature)
                )
            );
    }

    function getNonce(address user) public view returns (uint256 nonce) {
        nonce = nonces[user];
    }

    function verify(
        address signer,
        MetaTransaction memory metaTx,
        bytes32 sigR,
        bytes32 sigS,
        uint8 sigV
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        require(signer != address(0), "NativeMetaTransaction: INVALID_SIGNER");
        return
            signer ==
            ecrecover(
                toTypedMessageHash(hashMetaTransaction(metaTx)),
                sigV,
                sigR,
                sigS
            );
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor () {
        address msgSender = _msgSender();
        _owner = msgSender;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
        _owner = address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
        _owner = newOwner;
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC721.sol";
import "./IERC721Receiver.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";
import "../../utils/Strings.sol";
import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
 * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
 * {ERC721Enumerable}.
 */
contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata {
    using Address for address;
    using Strings for uint256;

    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    // Mapping from token ID to owner address
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _owners;

    // Mapping owner address to token count
    mapping (address => uint256) private _balances;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping (address => mapping (address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
     */
    constructor (string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId
            || interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId
            || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");
        return _balances[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        address owner = _owners[tokenId];
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");
        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI query for nonexistent token");

        string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
        return bytes(baseURI).length > 0
            ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, tokenId.toString()))
            : '';
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. Empty by default, can be overriden
     * in child contracts.
     */
    function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

        require(_msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
            "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
        );

        _approve(to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        require(operator != _msgSender(), "ERC721: approve to caller");

        _operatorApprovals[_msgSender()][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");

        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) public virtual override {
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
        _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * `_data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {safeTransferFrom}, and can be used to e.g.
     * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal virtual {
        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
     *
     * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Tokens start existing when they are minted (`_mint`),
     * and stop existing when they are burned (`_burn`).
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _owners[tokenId] != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `tokenId`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
        address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);
        return (spender == owner || getApproved(tokenId) == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
     * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

        _balances[to] += 1;
        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        address owner = ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

        // Clear approvals
        _approve(address(0), tokenId);

        _balances[owner] -= 1;
        delete _owners[tokenId];

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
     *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        require(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer of token that is not own");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

        // Clear approvals from the previous owner
        _approve(address(0), tokenId);

        _balances[from] -= 1;
        _balances[to] += 1;
        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
     *
     * Emits a {Approval} event.
     */
    function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
        emit Approval(ERC721.ownerOf(tokenId), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data)
        private returns (bool)
    {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, _data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                return retval == IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received.selector;
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
                } else {
                    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be
     * transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual { }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
      * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
      *
      * Requirements:
      *
      * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
      * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
      * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
      * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
      * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
      *
      * Emits a {Transfer} event.
      */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external;
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
interface IERC721Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
     * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
     *
     * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721.onERC721Received.selector`.
     */
    function onERC721Received(address operator, address from, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Enumerable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../ERC721.sol";
import "./IERC721Enumerable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This implements an optional extension of {ERC721} defined in the EIP that adds
 * enumerability of all the token ids in the contract as well as all token ids owned by each
 * account.
 */
abstract contract ERC721Enumerable is ERC721, IERC721Enumerable {
    // Mapping from owner to list of owned token IDs
    mapping(address => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) private _ownedTokens;

    // Mapping from token ID to index of the owner tokens list
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _ownedTokensIndex;

    // Array with all token ids, used for enumeration
    uint256[] private _allTokens;

    // Mapping from token id to position in the allTokens array
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _allTokensIndex;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(IERC165, ERC721) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC721Enumerable).interfaceId
            || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-tokenOfOwnerByIndex}.
     */
    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(index < ERC721.balanceOf(owner), "ERC721Enumerable: owner index out of bounds");
        return _ownedTokens[owner][index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _allTokens.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-tokenByIndex}.
     */
    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(index < ERC721Enumerable.totalSupply(), "ERC721Enumerable: global index out of bounds");
        return _allTokens[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be
     * transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual override {
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

        if (from == address(0)) {
            _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
        } else if (from != to) {
            _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(from, tokenId);
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(tokenId);
        } else if (to != from) {
            _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's ownership-tracking data structures.
     * @param to address representing the new owner of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list of the given address
     */
    function _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(address to, uint256 tokenId) private {
        uint256 length = ERC721.balanceOf(to);
        _ownedTokens[to][length] = tokenId;
        _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to add a token to this extension's token tracking data structures.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list
     */
    function _addTokenToAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
        _allTokensIndex[tokenId] = _allTokens.length;
        _allTokens.push(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's ownership-tracking data structures. Note that
     * while the token is not assigned a new owner, the `_ownedTokensIndex` mapping is _not_ updated: this allows for
     * gas optimizations e.g. when performing a transfer operation (avoiding double writes).
     * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _ownedTokens array.
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list of the given address
     */
    function _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(address from, uint256 tokenId) private {
        // To prevent a gap in from's tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

        uint256 lastTokenIndex = ERC721.balanceOf(from) - 1;
        uint256 tokenIndex = _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary
        if (tokenIndex != lastTokenIndex) {
            uint256 lastTokenId = _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];

            _ownedTokens[from][tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
            _ownedTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index
        }

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        delete _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];
        delete _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to remove a token from this extension's token tracking data structures.
     * This has O(1) time complexity, but alters the order of the _allTokens array.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list
     */
    function _removeTokenFromAllTokensEnumeration(uint256 tokenId) private {
        // To prevent a gap in the tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
        // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).

        uint256 lastTokenIndex = _allTokens.length - 1;
        uint256 tokenIndex = _allTokensIndex[tokenId];

        // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary. However, since this occurs so
        // rarely (when the last minted token is burnt) that we still do the swap here to avoid the gas cost of adding
        // an 'if' statement (like in _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration)
        uint256 lastTokenId = _allTokens[lastTokenIndex];

        _allTokens[tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token
        _allTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index

        // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
        delete _allTokensIndex[tokenId];
        _allTokens.pop();
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC721.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional enumeration extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721Enumerable is IERC721 {

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns a token ID owned by `owner` at a given `index` of its token list.
     * Use along with {balanceOf} to enumerate all of ``owner``'s tokens.
     */
    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) external view returns (uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Returns a token ID at a given `index` of all the tokens stored by the contract.
     * Use along with {totalSupply} to enumerate all tokens.
     */
    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC721.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
        // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
        // constructor execution.

        uint256 size;
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly { size := extcodesize(account) }
        return size > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls, avoid-call-value
        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{ value: amount }("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain`call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
      return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{ value: value }(data);
        return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data, string memory errorMessage) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    function _verifyCallResult(bool success, bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure returns(bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/*
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant alphabet = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = alphabet[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

// CAUTION
// This version of SafeMath should only be used with Solidity 0.8 or later,
// because it relies on the compiler's built in overflow checks.

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations.
 *
 * NOTE: `SafeMath` is no longer needed starting with Solidity 0.8. The compiler
 * now has built in overflow checking.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the substraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a + b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a - b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a * b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a / b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * reverting when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a % b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {trySub}.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            require(b <= a, errorMessage);
            return a - b;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            require(b > 0, errorMessage);
            return a / b;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * reverting with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryMod}.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            require(b > 0, errorMessage);
            return a % b;
        }
    }
}