pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol

/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
 */
library SafeMath {

  /**
  * @dev Multiplies two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function mul(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than asserting 'a' not being zero, but the
    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
    if (_a == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    c = _a * _b;
    assert(c / _a == _b);
    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Integer division of two numbers, truncating the quotient.
  */
  function div(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // assert(_b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
    // uint256 c = _a / _b;
    // assert(_a == _b * c + _a % _b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
    return _a / _b;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Subtracts two numbers, throws on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
  */
  function sub(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    assert(_b <= _a);
    return _a - _b;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Adds two numbers, throws on overflow.
  */
  function add(uint256 _a, uint256 _b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    c = _a + _b;
    assert(c >= _a);
    return c;
  }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/ownership/Ownable.sol

/**
 * @title Ownable
 * @dev The Ownable contract has an owner address, and provides basic authorization control
 * functions, this simplifies the implementation of "user permissions".
 */
contract Ownable {
  address public owner;


  event OwnershipRenounced(address indexed previousOwner);
  event OwnershipTransferred(
    address indexed previousOwner,
    address indexed newOwner
  );


  /**
   * @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
   * account.
   */
  constructor() public {
    owner = msg.sender;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
   */
  modifier onlyOwner() {
    require(msg.sender == owner);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to relinquish control of the contract.
   * @notice Renouncing to ownership will leave the contract without an owner.
   * It will not be possible to call the functions with the `onlyOwner`
   * modifier anymore.
   */
  function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
    emit OwnershipRenounced(owner);
    owner = address(0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param _newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function transferOwnership(address _newOwner) public onlyOwner {
    _transferOwnership(_newOwner);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers control of the contract to a newOwner.
   * @param _newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
   */
  function _transferOwnership(address _newOwner) internal {
    require(_newOwner != address(0));
    emit OwnershipTransferred(owner, _newOwner);
    owner = _newOwner;
  }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/access/rbac/Roles.sol

/**
 * @title Roles
 * @author Francisco Giordano (@frangio)
 * @dev Library for managing addresses assigned to a Role.
 * See RBAC.sol for example usage.
 */
library Roles {
  struct Role {
    mapping (address => bool) bearer;
  }

  /**
   * @dev give an address access to this role
   */
  function add(Role storage _role, address _addr)
    internal
  {
    _role.bearer[_addr] = true;
  }

  /**
   * @dev remove an address' access to this role
   */
  function remove(Role storage _role, address _addr)
    internal
  {
    _role.bearer[_addr] = false;
  }

  /**
   * @dev check if an address has this role
   * // reverts
   */
  function check(Role storage _role, address _addr)
    internal
    view
  {
    require(has(_role, _addr));
  }

  /**
   * @dev check if an address has this role
   * @return bool
   */
  function has(Role storage _role, address _addr)
    internal
    view
    returns (bool)
  {
    return _role.bearer[_addr];
  }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/access/rbac/RBAC.sol

/**
 * @title RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
 * @author Matt Condon (@Shrugs)
 * @dev Stores and provides setters and getters for roles and addresses.
 * Supports unlimited numbers of roles and addresses.
 * See //contracts/mocks/RBACMock.sol for an example of usage.
 * This RBAC method uses strings to key roles. It may be beneficial
 * for you to write your own implementation of this interface using Enums or similar.
 */
contract RBAC {
  using Roles for Roles.Role;

  mapping (string => Roles.Role) private roles;

  event RoleAdded(address indexed operator, string role);
  event RoleRemoved(address indexed operator, string role);

  /**
   * @dev reverts if addr does not have role
   * @param _operator address
   * @param _role the name of the role
   * // reverts
   */
  function checkRole(address _operator, string _role)
    public
    view
  {
    roles[_role].check(_operator);
  }

  /**
   * @dev determine if addr has role
   * @param _operator address
   * @param _role the name of the role
   * @return bool
   */
  function hasRole(address _operator, string _role)
    public
    view
    returns (bool)
  {
    return roles[_role].has(_operator);
  }

  /**
   * @dev add a role to an address
   * @param _operator address
   * @param _role the name of the role
   */
  function addRole(address _operator, string _role)
    internal
  {
    roles[_role].add(_operator);
    emit RoleAdded(_operator, _role);
  }

  /**
   * @dev remove a role from an address
   * @param _operator address
   * @param _role the name of the role
   */
  function removeRole(address _operator, string _role)
    internal
  {
    roles[_role].remove(_operator);
    emit RoleRemoved(_operator, _role);
  }

  /**
   * @dev modifier to scope access to a single role (uses msg.sender as addr)
   * @param _role the name of the role
   * // reverts
   */
  modifier onlyRole(string _role)
  {
    checkRole(msg.sender, _role);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev modifier to scope access to a set of roles (uses msg.sender as addr)
   * @param _roles the names of the roles to scope access to
   * // reverts
   *
   * @TODO - when solidity supports dynamic arrays as arguments to modifiers, provide this
   *  see: https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2467
   */
  // modifier onlyRoles(string[] _roles) {
  //     bool hasAnyRole = false;
  //     for (uint8 i = 0; i < _roles.length; i++) {
  //         if (hasRole(msg.sender, _roles[i])) {
  //             hasAnyRole = true;
  //             break;
  //         }
  //     }

  //     require(hasAnyRole);

  //     _;
  // }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/access/Whitelist.sol

/**
 * @title Whitelist
 * @dev The Whitelist contract has a whitelist of addresses, and provides basic authorization control functions.
 * This simplifies the implementation of "user permissions".
 */
contract Whitelist is Ownable, RBAC {
  string public constant ROLE_WHITELISTED = "whitelist";

  /**
   * @dev Throws if operator is not whitelisted.
   * @param _operator address
   */
  modifier onlyIfWhitelisted(address _operator) {
    checkRole(_operator, ROLE_WHITELISTED);
    _;
  }

  /**
   * @dev add an address to the whitelist
   * @param _operator address
   * @return true if the address was added to the whitelist, false if the address was already in the whitelist
   */
  function addAddressToWhitelist(address _operator)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    addRole(_operator, ROLE_WHITELISTED);
  }

  /**
   * @dev getter to determine if address is in whitelist
   */
  function whitelist(address _operator)
    public
    view
    returns (bool)
  {
    return hasRole(_operator, ROLE_WHITELISTED);
  }

  /**
   * @dev add addresses to the whitelist
   * @param _operators addresses
   * @return true if at least one address was added to the whitelist,
   * false if all addresses were already in the whitelist
   */
  function addAddressesToWhitelist(address[] _operators)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    for (uint256 i = 0; i < _operators.length; i++) {
      addAddressToWhitelist(_operators[i]);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev remove an address from the whitelist
   * @param _operator address
   * @return true if the address was removed from the whitelist,
   * false if the address wasn't in the whitelist in the first place
   */
  function removeAddressFromWhitelist(address _operator)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    removeRole(_operator, ROLE_WHITELISTED);
  }

  /**
   * @dev remove addresses from the whitelist
   * @param _operators addresses
   * @return true if at least one address was removed from the whitelist,
   * false if all addresses weren't in the whitelist in the first place
   */
  function removeAddressesFromWhitelist(address[] _operators)
    public
    onlyOwner
  {
    for (uint256 i = 0; i < _operators.length; i++) {
      removeAddressFromWhitelist(_operators[i]);
    }
  }

}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/introspection/ERC165.sol

/**
 * @title ERC165
 * @dev https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-165.md
 */
interface ERC165 {

  /**
   * @notice Query if a contract implements an interface
   * @param _interfaceId The interface identifier, as specified in ERC-165
   * @dev Interface identification is specified in ERC-165. This function
   * uses less than 30,000 gas.
   */
  function supportsInterface(bytes4 _interfaceId)
    external
    view
    returns (bool);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721Basic.sol

/**
 * @title ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard basic interface
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
 */
contract ERC721Basic is ERC165 {

  bytes4 internal constant InterfaceId_ERC721 = 0x80ac58cd;
  /*
   * 0x80ac58cd ===
   *   bytes4(keccak256('balanceOf(address)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('ownerOf(uint256)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('approve(address,uint256)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('getApproved(uint256)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('setApprovalForAll(address,bool)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('isApprovedForAll(address,address)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256,bytes)'))
   */

  bytes4 internal constant InterfaceId_ERC721Exists = 0x4f558e79;
  /*
   * 0x4f558e79 ===
   *   bytes4(keccak256('exists(uint256)'))
   */

  bytes4 internal constant InterfaceId_ERC721Enumerable = 0x780e9d63;
  /**
   * 0x780e9d63 ===
   *   bytes4(keccak256('totalSupply()')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address,uint256)')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('tokenByIndex(uint256)'))
   */

  bytes4 internal constant InterfaceId_ERC721Metadata = 0x5b5e139f;
  /**
   * 0x5b5e139f ===
   *   bytes4(keccak256('name()')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('symbol()')) ^
   *   bytes4(keccak256('tokenURI(uint256)'))
   */

  event Transfer(
    address indexed _from,
    address indexed _to,
    uint256 indexed _tokenId
  );
  event Approval(
    address indexed _owner,
    address indexed _approved,
    uint256 indexed _tokenId
  );
  event ApprovalForAll(
    address indexed _owner,
    address indexed _operator,
    bool _approved
  );

  function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256 _balance);
  function ownerOf(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (address _owner);
  function exists(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (bool _exists);

  function approve(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) public;
  function getApproved(uint256 _tokenId)
    public view returns (address _operator);

  function setApprovalForAll(address _operator, bool _approved) public;
  function isApprovedForAll(address _owner, address _operator)
    public view returns (bool);

  function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _tokenId) public;
  function safeTransferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _tokenId)
    public;

  function safeTransferFrom(
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _tokenId,
    bytes _data
  )
    public;
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional enumeration extension
 * @dev See https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
 */
contract ERC721Enumerable is ERC721Basic {
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256);
  function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(
    address _owner,
    uint256 _index
  )
    public
    view
    returns (uint256 _tokenId);

  function tokenByIndex(uint256 _index) public view returns (uint256);
}


/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
 */
contract ERC721Metadata is ERC721Basic {
  function name() external view returns (string _name);
  function symbol() external view returns (string _symbol);
  function tokenURI(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (string);
}


/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, full implementation interface
 * @dev See https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
 */
contract ERC721 is ERC721Basic, ERC721Enumerable, ERC721Metadata {
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721Receiver.sol

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
contract ERC721Receiver {
  /**
   * @dev Magic value to be returned upon successful reception of an NFT
   *  Equals to `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`,
   *  which can be also obtained as `ERC721Receiver(0).onERC721Received.selector`
   */
  bytes4 internal constant ERC721_RECEIVED = 0x150b7a02;

  /**
   * @notice Handle the receipt of an NFT
   * @dev The ERC721 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
   * after a `safetransfer`. This function MAY throw to revert and reject the
   * transfer. Return of other than the magic value MUST result in the
   * transaction being reverted.
   * Note: the contract address is always the message sender.
   * @param _operator The address which called `safeTransferFrom` function
   * @param _from The address which previously owned the token
   * @param _tokenId The NFT identifier which is being transferred
   * @param _data Additional data with no specified format
   * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
   */
  function onERC721Received(
    address _operator,
    address _from,
    uint256 _tokenId,
    bytes _data
  )
    public
    returns(bytes4);
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/AddressUtils.sol

/**
 * Utility library of inline functions on addresses
 */
library AddressUtils {

  /**
   * Returns whether the target address is a contract
   * @dev This function will return false if invoked during the constructor of a contract,
   * as the code is not actually created until after the constructor finishes.
   * @param _addr address to check
   * @return whether the target address is a contract
   */
  function isContract(address _addr) internal view returns (bool) {
    uint256 size;
    // XXX Currently there is no better way to check if there is a contract in an address
    // than to check the size of the code at that address.
    // See https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/a/14016/36603
    // for more details about how this works.
    // TODO Check this again before the Serenity release, because all addresses will be
    // contracts then.
    // solium-disable-next-line security/no-inline-assembly
    assembly { size := extcodesize(_addr) }
    return size > 0;
  }

}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/introspection/SupportsInterfaceWithLookup.sol

/**
 * @title SupportsInterfaceWithLookup
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Implements ERC165 using a lookup table.
 */
contract SupportsInterfaceWithLookup is ERC165 {

  bytes4 public constant InterfaceId_ERC165 = 0x01ffc9a7;
  /**
   * 0x01ffc9a7 ===
   *   bytes4(keccak256('supportsInterface(bytes4)'))
   */

  /**
   * @dev a mapping of interface id to whether or not it's supported
   */
  mapping(bytes4 => bool) internal supportedInterfaces;

  /**
   * @dev A contract implementing SupportsInterfaceWithLookup
   * implement ERC165 itself
   */
  constructor()
    public
  {
    _registerInterface(InterfaceId_ERC165);
  }

  /**
   * @dev implement supportsInterface(bytes4) using a lookup table
   */
  function supportsInterface(bytes4 _interfaceId)
    external
    view
    returns (bool)
  {
    return supportedInterfaces[_interfaceId];
  }

  /**
   * @dev private method for registering an interface
   */
  function _registerInterface(bytes4 _interfaceId)
    internal
  {
    require(_interfaceId != 0xffffffff);
    supportedInterfaces[_interfaceId] = true;
  }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721BasicToken.sol

/**
 * @title ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard basic implementation
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
 */
contract ERC721BasicToken is SupportsInterfaceWithLookup, ERC721Basic {

  using SafeMath for uint256;
  using AddressUtils for address;

  // Equals to `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
  // which can be also obtained as `ERC721Receiver(0).onERC721Received.selector`
  bytes4 private constant ERC721_RECEIVED = 0x150b7a02;

  // Mapping from token ID to owner
  mapping (uint256 => address) internal tokenOwner;

  // Mapping from token ID to approved address
  mapping (uint256 => address) internal tokenApprovals;

  // Mapping from owner to number of owned token
  mapping (address => uint256) internal ownedTokensCount;

  // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
  mapping (address => mapping (address => bool)) internal operatorApprovals;

  constructor()
    public
  {
    // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
    _registerInterface(InterfaceId_ERC721);
    _registerInterface(InterfaceId_ERC721Exists);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address
   * @param _owner address to query the balance of
   * @return uint256 representing the amount owned by the passed address
   */
  function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256) {
    require(_owner != address(0));
    return ownedTokensCount[_owner];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the owner of the specified token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the owner of
   * @return owner address currently marked as the owner of the given token ID
   */
  function ownerOf(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (address) {
    address owner = tokenOwner[_tokenId];
    require(owner != address(0));
    return owner;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns whether the specified token exists
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the existence of
   * @return whether the token exists
   */
  function exists(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (bool) {
    address owner = tokenOwner[_tokenId];
    return owner != address(0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Approves another address to transfer the given token ID
   * The zero address indicates there is no approved address.
   * There can only be one approved address per token at a given time.
   * Can only be called by the token owner or an approved operator.
   * @param _to address to be approved for the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be approved
   */
  function approve(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) public {
    address owner = ownerOf(_tokenId);
    require(_to != owner);
    require(msg.sender == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, msg.sender));

    tokenApprovals[_tokenId] = _to;
    emit Approval(owner, _to, _tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the approved address for a token ID, or zero if no address set
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the approval of
   * @return address currently approved for the given token ID
   */
  function getApproved(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (address) {
    return tokenApprovals[_tokenId];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Sets or unsets the approval of a given operator
   * An operator is allowed to transfer all tokens of the sender on their behalf
   * @param _to operator address to set the approval
   * @param _approved representing the status of the approval to be set
   */
  function setApprovalForAll(address _to, bool _approved) public {
    require(_to != msg.sender);
    operatorApprovals[msg.sender][_to] = _approved;
    emit ApprovalForAll(msg.sender, _to, _approved);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Tells whether an operator is approved by a given owner
   * @param _owner owner address which you want to query the approval of
   * @param _operator operator address which you want to query the approval of
   * @return bool whether the given operator is approved by the given owner
   */
  function isApprovedForAll(
    address _owner,
    address _operator
  )
    public
    view
    returns (bool)
  {
    return operatorApprovals[_owner][_operator];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
   * Usage of this method is discouraged, use `safeTransferFrom` whenever possible
   * Requires the msg sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
   * @param _from current owner of the token
   * @param _to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
  */
  function transferFrom(
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _tokenId
  )
    public
  {
    require(isApprovedOrOwner(msg.sender, _tokenId));
    require(_from != address(0));
    require(_to != address(0));

    clearApproval(_from, _tokenId);
    removeTokenFrom(_from, _tokenId);
    addTokenTo(_to, _tokenId);

    emit Transfer(_from, _to, _tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
   * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
   * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
   * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
   * the transfer is reverted.
   *
   * Requires the msg sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
   * @param _from current owner of the token
   * @param _to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
  */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _tokenId
  )
    public
  {
    // solium-disable-next-line arg-overflow
    safeTransferFrom(_from, _to, _tokenId, "");
  }

  /**
   * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
   * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
   * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
   * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
   * the transfer is reverted.
   * Requires the msg sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
   * @param _from current owner of the token
   * @param _to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
   * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
   */
  function safeTransferFrom(
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _tokenId,
    bytes _data
  )
    public
  {
    transferFrom(_from, _to, _tokenId);
    // solium-disable-next-line arg-overflow
    require(checkAndCallSafeTransfer(_from, _to, _tokenId, _data));
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns whether the given spender can transfer a given token ID
   * @param _spender address of the spender to query
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
   * @return bool whether the msg.sender is approved for the given token ID,
   *  is an operator of the owner, or is the owner of the token
   */
  function isApprovedOrOwner(
    address _spender,
    uint256 _tokenId
  )
    internal
    view
    returns (bool)
  {
    address owner = ownerOf(_tokenId);
    // Disable solium check because of
    // https://github.com/duaraghav8/Solium/issues/175
    // solium-disable-next-line operator-whitespace
    return (
      _spender == owner ||
      getApproved(_tokenId) == _spender ||
      isApprovedForAll(owner, _spender)
    );
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to mint a new token
   * Reverts if the given token ID already exists
   * @param _to The address that will own the minted token
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted by the msg.sender
   */
  function _mint(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    require(_to != address(0));
    addTokenTo(_to, _tokenId);
    emit Transfer(address(0), _to, _tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token
   * Reverts if the token does not exist
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned by the msg.sender
   */
  function _burn(address _owner, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    clearApproval(_owner, _tokenId);
    removeTokenFrom(_owner, _tokenId);
    emit Transfer(_owner, address(0), _tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to clear current approval of a given token ID
   * Reverts if the given address is not indeed the owner of the token
   * @param _owner owner of the token
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
   */
  function clearApproval(address _owner, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    require(ownerOf(_tokenId) == _owner);
    if (tokenApprovals[_tokenId] != address(0)) {
      tokenApprovals[_tokenId] = address(0);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to add a token ID to the list of a given address
   * @param _to address representing the new owner of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list of the given address
   */
  function addTokenTo(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    require(tokenOwner[_tokenId] == address(0));
    tokenOwner[_tokenId] = _to;
    ownedTokensCount[_to] = ownedTokensCount[_to].add(1);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to remove a token ID from the list of a given address
   * @param _from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list of the given address
   */
  function removeTokenFrom(address _from, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    require(ownerOf(_tokenId) == _from);
    ownedTokensCount[_from] = ownedTokensCount[_from].sub(1);
    tokenOwner[_tokenId] = address(0);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to invoke `onERC721Received` on a target address
   * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract
   * @param _from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
   * @param _to target address that will receive the tokens
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
   * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
   * @return whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
   */
  function checkAndCallSafeTransfer(
    address _from,
    address _to,
    uint256 _tokenId,
    bytes _data
  )
    internal
    returns (bool)
  {
    if (!_to.isContract()) {
      return true;
    }
    bytes4 retval = ERC721Receiver(_to).onERC721Received(
      msg.sender, _from, _tokenId, _data);
    return (retval == ERC721_RECEIVED);
  }
}

// File: openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721Token.sol

/**
 * @title Full ERC721 Token
 * This implementation includes all the required and some optional functionality of the ERC721 standard
 * Moreover, it includes approve all functionality using operator terminology
 * @dev see https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-721.md
 */
contract ERC721Token is SupportsInterfaceWithLookup, ERC721BasicToken, ERC721 {

  // Token name
  string internal name_;

  // Token symbol
  string internal symbol_;

  // Mapping from owner to list of owned token IDs
  mapping(address => uint256[]) internal ownedTokens;

  // Mapping from token ID to index of the owner tokens list
  mapping(uint256 => uint256) internal ownedTokensIndex;

  // Array with all token ids, used for enumeration
  uint256[] internal allTokens;

  // Mapping from token id to position in the allTokens array
  mapping(uint256 => uint256) internal allTokensIndex;

  // Optional mapping for token URIs
  mapping(uint256 => string) internal tokenURIs;

  /**
   * @dev Constructor function
   */
  constructor(string _name, string _symbol) public {
    name_ = _name;
    symbol_ = _symbol;

    // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
    _registerInterface(InterfaceId_ERC721Enumerable);
    _registerInterface(InterfaceId_ERC721Metadata);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the token name
   * @return string representing the token name
   */
  function name() external view returns (string) {
    return name_;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the token symbol
   * @return string representing the token symbol
   */
  function symbol() external view returns (string) {
    return symbol_;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns an URI for a given token ID
   * Throws if the token ID does not exist. May return an empty string.
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query
   */
  function tokenURI(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (string) {
    require(exists(_tokenId));
    return tokenURIs[_tokenId];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of the tokens list of the requested owner
   * @param _owner address owning the tokens list to be accessed
   * @param _index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the requested tokens list
   * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list owned by the requested address
   */
  function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(
    address _owner,
    uint256 _index
  )
    public
    view
    returns (uint256)
  {
    require(_index < balanceOf(_owner));
    return ownedTokens[_owner][_index];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the total amount of tokens stored by the contract
   * @return uint256 representing the total amount of tokens
   */
  function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
    return allTokens.length;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the token ID at a given index of all the tokens in this contract
   * Reverts if the index is greater or equal to the total number of tokens
   * @param _index uint256 representing the index to be accessed of the tokens list
   * @return uint256 token ID at the given index of the tokens list
   */
  function tokenByIndex(uint256 _index) public view returns (uint256) {
    require(_index < totalSupply());
    return allTokens[_index];
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to set the token URI for a given token
   * Reverts if the token ID does not exist
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to set its URI
   * @param _uri string URI to assign
   */
  function _setTokenURI(uint256 _tokenId, string _uri) internal {
    require(exists(_tokenId));
    tokenURIs[_tokenId] = _uri;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to add a token ID to the list of a given address
   * @param _to address representing the new owner of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be added to the tokens list of the given address
   */
  function addTokenTo(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    super.addTokenTo(_to, _tokenId);
    uint256 length = ownedTokens[_to].length;
    ownedTokens[_to].push(_tokenId);
    ownedTokensIndex[_tokenId] = length;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to remove a token ID from the list of a given address
   * @param _from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be removed from the tokens list of the given address
   */
  function removeTokenFrom(address _from, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    super.removeTokenFrom(_from, _tokenId);

    // To prevent a gap in the array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and
    // then delete the last slot.
    uint256 tokenIndex = ownedTokensIndex[_tokenId];
    uint256 lastTokenIndex = ownedTokens[_from].length.sub(1);
    uint256 lastToken = ownedTokens[_from][lastTokenIndex];

    ownedTokens[_from][tokenIndex] = lastToken;
    // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array
    ownedTokens[_from].length--;

    // Note that this will handle single-element arrays. In that case, both tokenIndex and lastTokenIndex are going to
    // be zero. Then we can make sure that we will remove _tokenId from the ownedTokens list since we are first swapping
    // the lastToken to the first position, and then dropping the element placed in the last position of the list

    ownedTokensIndex[_tokenId] = 0;
    ownedTokensIndex[lastToken] = tokenIndex;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to mint a new token
   * Reverts if the given token ID already exists
   * @param _to address the beneficiary that will own the minted token
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted by the msg.sender
   */
  function _mint(address _to, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    super._mint(_to, _tokenId);

    allTokensIndex[_tokenId] = allTokens.length;
    allTokens.push(_tokenId);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token
   * Reverts if the token does not exist
   * @param _owner owner of the token to burn
   * @param _tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned by the msg.sender
   */
  function _burn(address _owner, uint256 _tokenId) internal {
    super._burn(_owner, _tokenId);

    // Clear metadata (if any)
    if (bytes(tokenURIs[_tokenId]).length != 0) {
      delete tokenURIs[_tokenId];
    }

    // Reorg all tokens array
    uint256 tokenIndex = allTokensIndex[_tokenId];
    uint256 lastTokenIndex = allTokens.length.sub(1);
    uint256 lastToken = allTokens[lastTokenIndex];

    allTokens[tokenIndex] = lastToken;
    allTokens[lastTokenIndex] = 0;

    allTokens.length--;
    allTokensIndex[_tokenId] = 0;
    allTokensIndex[lastToken] = tokenIndex;
  }

}

// File: contracts/Strings.sol

library Strings {
  // via https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/master/oraclizeAPI_0.5.sol
  function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c, string _d, string _e) internal pure returns (string) {
    bytes memory _ba = bytes(_a);
    bytes memory _bb = bytes(_b);
    bytes memory _bc = bytes(_c);
    bytes memory _bd = bytes(_d);
    bytes memory _be = bytes(_e);
    string memory abcde = new string(_ba.length + _bb.length + _bc.length + _bd.length + _be.length);
    bytes memory babcde = bytes(abcde);
    uint k = 0;
    for (uint i = 0; i < _ba.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _ba[i];
    for (i = 0; i < _bb.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bb[i];
    for (i = 0; i < _bc.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bc[i];
    for (i = 0; i < _bd.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bd[i];
    for (i = 0; i < _be.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _be[i];
    return string(babcde);
  }

  function strConcat(string _a, string _b) internal pure returns (string) {
    return strConcat(_a, _b, "", "", "");
  }
}

// File: contracts/RadiCards.sol

/**
* @title Radi.Cards
*
* @author blockrocket.tech (smart contracts)
* @author cryptodecks.co
* @author knownorigin.io
* @author pheme.app
* @author d1labs.com
* @author mbdoesthings.com
*/
contract RadiCards is ERC721Token, Whitelist {
  using SafeMath for uint256;

  string public tokenBaseURI = "https://ipfs.infura.io/ipfs/";

  uint256 public tokenIdPointer = 0;
  uint256 public minContribution = 0.01 ether;

  struct Benefactor {
    address ethAddress;
    string name;
    string website;
    string logo;
  }

  struct CardDesign {
    string tokenURI;
    bool active;
  }

  struct RadiCard {
    // Metadata
    address gifter;
    uint256 giftingAmount;
    string message;
    string extra;
    // Lookups
    uint256 cardIndex;
    uint256 benefactorIndex;
  }

  event CardGifted(
    address indexed _to,
    uint256 indexed _benefactorIndex,
    uint256 indexed _cardIndex,
    address _from,
    uint256 _tokenId
  );

  event BenefactorAdded(
    uint256 indexed _benefactorIndex
  );

  event CardAdded(
    uint256 indexed _cardIndex
  );

  mapping(uint256 => Benefactor) public benefactors;
  uint256[] internal benefactorsIndex;

  mapping(uint256 => CardDesign) public cards;
  uint256[] internal cardsIndex;

  mapping(uint256 => RadiCard) public tokenIdToRadiCardIndex;

  uint256 public totalGiftedInWei;

  constructor () public ERC721Token("RadiCards", "RADI") {
    addAddressToWhitelist(msg.sender);
  }

  function gift(address to, uint256 _benefactorIndex, uint256 _cardIndex, string _message, string _extra) payable public returns (bool) {
    require(to != address(0), "Must be a valid address");
    require(benefactors[_benefactorIndex].ethAddress != address(0), "Must specify existing benefactor");
    require(bytes(cards[_cardIndex].tokenURI).length != 0, "Must specify existing card");
    require(cards[_cardIndex].active, "Must be an active card");
    require(msg.value >= minContribution, "Must send at least the minimum amount");

    tokenIdToRadiCardIndex[tokenIdPointer] = RadiCard({
      gifter : msg.sender,
      giftingAmount : msg.value,
      message : _message,
      extra : _extra,
      benefactorIndex : _benefactorIndex,
      cardIndex : _cardIndex
    });

    uint256 _tokenId = _mint(to, cards[_cardIndex].tokenURI);

    // transfer the ETH to the benefactor
    benefactors[_benefactorIndex].ethAddress.transfer(msg.value);

    // tally up the total eth gifted
    totalGiftedInWei = totalGiftedInWei.add(msg.value);

    // Fire an event with all the import information in
    emit CardGifted(to, _benefactorIndex, _cardIndex, msg.sender, _tokenId);

    return true;
  }

  function _mint(address to, string tokenURI) internal returns (uint256 _tokenId) {
    uint256 tokenId = tokenIdPointer;

    super._mint(to, tokenId);
    _setTokenURI(tokenId, tokenURI);

    tokenIdPointer = tokenIdPointer.add(1);

    return tokenId;
  }

  function burn(uint256 _tokenId) public  {
    revert("Radi.Cards are censorship resistant!");
  }

  function tokenURI(uint256 _tokenId) public view returns (string) {
    require(exists(_tokenId));

    return Strings.strConcat(tokenBaseURI, tokenURIs[_tokenId]);
  }

  function tokenDetails(uint256 _tokenId)
  public view
  returns (
    address _gifter,
    uint256 _giftingAmount,
    string _message,
    string _extra,
    uint256 _cardIndex,
    uint256 _benefactorIndex
  ) {
    require(exists(_tokenId));
    RadiCard memory _radiCard = tokenIdToRadiCardIndex[_tokenId];
    return (
      _radiCard.gifter,
      _radiCard.giftingAmount,
      _radiCard.message,
      _radiCard.extra,
      _radiCard.cardIndex,
      _radiCard.benefactorIndex
    );
  }

  function tokenBenefactor(uint256 _tokenId)
  public view
  returns (
    address _ethAddress,
    string _name,
    string _website,
    string _logo
  ) {
    require(exists(_tokenId));
    RadiCard memory _radiCard = tokenIdToRadiCardIndex[_tokenId];
    Benefactor memory _benefactor = benefactors[_radiCard.benefactorIndex];
    return (
      _benefactor.ethAddress,
      _benefactor.name,
      _benefactor.website,
      _benefactor.logo
    );
  }

  function tokensOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256[] _tokenIds) {
    return ownedTokens[_owner];
  }

  function benefactorsKeys() public view returns (uint256[] _keys) {
    return benefactorsIndex;
  }

  function cardsKeys() public view returns (uint256[] _keys) {
    return cardsIndex;
  }

  function addBenefactor(uint256 _benefactorIndex, address _ethAddress, string _name, string _website, string _logo)
  public onlyIfWhitelisted(msg.sender)
  returns (bool) {
    require(address(_ethAddress) != address(0), "Invalid address");
    require(bytes(_name).length != 0, "Invalid name");
    require(bytes(_website).length != 0, "Invalid name");
    require(bytes(_logo).length != 0, "Invalid name");

    benefactors[_benefactorIndex] = Benefactor(
      _ethAddress,
      _name,
      _website,
      _logo
    );
    benefactorsIndex.push(_benefactorIndex);

    emit BenefactorAdded(_benefactorIndex);
    return true;
  }

  function addCard(uint256 _cardIndex, string _tokenURI, bool _active)
  public onlyIfWhitelisted(msg.sender)
  returns (bool) {
    require(bytes(_tokenURI).length != 0, "Invalid token URI");

    cards[_cardIndex] = CardDesign(
      _tokenURI,
      _active
    );
    cardsIndex.push(_cardIndex);

    emit CardAdded(_cardIndex);
    return true;
  }

  function setTokenBaseURI(string _newBaseURI) external onlyIfWhitelisted(msg.sender) {
    require(bytes(_newBaseURI).length != 0, "Base URI invalid");

    tokenBaseURI = _newBaseURI;
  }

  function setMinContribution(uint256 _minContribution) external onlyIfWhitelisted(msg.sender) {
    require(_minContribution > 0, "Invalid minimum contribution");

    minContribution = _minContribution;
  }

  function setActive(uint256 _cardIndex, bool _active) external onlyIfWhitelisted(msg.sender) {
    require(bytes(cards[_cardIndex].tokenURI).length != 0, "Must specify existing card");

    cards[_cardIndex].active = _active;
  }
}