// File: contracts/NomoNounsToken.sol



//SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

/// @title The NOMO NOUNS main contract

pragma solidity ^0.8.15;

import '@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol';
import '@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol';
import {IERC721A, ERC721A} from "erc721a/contracts/ERC721A.sol";
import {ERC721AQueryable} from "erc721a/contracts/extensions/ERC721AQueryable.sol";
import {INounsAuctionHouseExtra} from './interfaces/INounsAuctionHouseExtra.sol';
import {INomoNounsSeeder} from "./interfaces/INomoNounsSeeder.sol";
import {INomoNounsDescriptor} from "./interfaces/INomoNounsDescriptor.sol";

contract NomoNounsToken is ERC721A, ERC721AQueryable, EIP712, Ownable {
    using ECDSA for bytes32;

    //*********************************************************************//
    // --------------------------- custom errors ------------------------- //
    //*********************************************************************//
    error WITHDRAW_NO_BALANCE();
    error WITHDRAW_NOT_SUCCESS();

    /// events
    event NomoCreated(uint256 indexed nounId, INomoNounsSeeder.Seed seed);

    // The Nomo Nouns token URI descriptor
    INomoNounsDescriptor public descriptor;

    // The Nouns token seeder
    INomoNounsSeeder public seeder;

    // The Nouns token seeder
    INounsAuctionHouseExtra public auctionHouse;

    // The noun seeds
    mapping(uint256 => INomoNounsSeeder.Seed) public seeds;

    // The nounId of a tokenId
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) public nounIdOfNomo;

    // The withdraw wallet
    address public withdrawWallet;

    // minting start price
    uint256 public mintingStartPrice;

    // minting increase interval (minutes)
    uint256 public mintingIncreaseInterval;

    // minting price increase per interval (ether)
    uint256 public mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval;

    // signer address
    address public signer;

    // IPFS content hash of contract-level metadata
    string private _contractURIHash;

    constructor(
        uint256 _mintingStartPrice,
        uint256 _mintingIncreaseInterval,
        uint256 _mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval,
        address _withdrawWallet,
        address _signer,
        INounsAuctionHouseExtra _auctionHouse,
        INomoNounsSeeder _seeder,
        INomoNounsDescriptor _descriptor
    ) ERC721A('Nomo Nouns', 'NOMO') EIP712('NOMONOUNS', '1') {
        mintingStartPrice = _mintingStartPrice;
        mintingIncreaseInterval = _mintingIncreaseInterval;
        mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval = _mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval;
        withdrawWallet = _withdrawWallet;
        signer = _signer;
        auctionHouse = _auctionHouse;
        seeder = _seeder;
        descriptor = _descriptor;
    }

    /// @notice minting logic
    /// @param nounId nounsId
    /// @param blockNumber block number for seeds
    function mint(
        uint256 nounId,
        uint256 blockNumber,
        uint256 quantity,
        bytes calldata _signature
    ) public payable returns (uint256) {
        // validate signature
        require(signer == _verify(nounId, blockNumber, _signature), 'Invalid signature');

        // check endTime minting
        require(block.timestamp < auctionHouse.auction().endTime, 'Minting expired');

        // nounId parameter must be same as nounId in auction
        require(nounId == auctionHouse.auction().nounId, 'NounId invalid');

        // check ETH being paid is sufficient
        uint256 mintingStartTime = auctionHouse.auction().startTime;
        uint256 totalCost = getMintingPrice(mintingStartTime) * quantity;
        require(msg.value >= totalCost, 'Not enough ETH to pay');

        return _mintTo(msg.sender, nounId, blockNumber, quantity);
    }

    /// @notice Calculate minting price
    /// @param startTime start time in timestamp
    function getMintingPrice(uint256 startTime) public view returns (uint256) {
        if (block.timestamp < startTime) {
            return mintingStartPrice;
        }
        return
        mintingStartPrice +
        (((block.timestamp - startTime) / mintingIncreaseInterval) * mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval);
    }

    /// @notice withdraw all ETH
    function withdraw() external onlyOwner {
        if (address(this).balance == 0) revert WITHDRAW_NO_BALANCE();
        (bool success,) = withdrawWallet.call{value : address(this).balance}('');
        if (!success) revert WITHDRAW_NOT_SUCCESS();
    }

    /// @notice The IPFS URI of contract-level metadata.
    function contractURI() public view returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(_contractURIHash));
    }

    //*********************************************************************//
    // ------------------------- URI functions --------------------------- //
    //*********************************************************************//

    /// @notice A distinct Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for a given asset.
    /// @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view override (ERC721A, IERC721A) returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), 'Token: URI query for nonexistent token');
        uint256 nounId = getNounId(tokenId);
        return descriptor.tokenURI(tokenId, seeds[nounId]);
    }

    /// @notice Similar to `tokenURI`, but always serves a base64 encoded data URI
    /// @notice with the JSON contents directly inlined.
    function dataURI(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), 'Token: URI query for nonexistent token');
        uint256 nounId = getNounId(tokenId);
        return descriptor.dataURI(tokenId, seeds[nounId]);
    }

    //*********************************************************************//
    // ------------------------ Update Settings -------------------------- //
    //*********************************************************************//

    /// @notice Set the token URI descriptor.
    function setDescriptor(INomoNounsDescriptor _descriptor) external onlyOwner {
        descriptor = _descriptor;
    }

    /// @notice Set the token seeder.
    function setSeeder(INomoNounsSeeder _seeder) external onlyOwner {
        seeder = _seeder;
    }

    /// @notice Set the withdrawl wallet address.
    function setWithdrawWallet(address _withdrawWallet) external onlyOwner {
        withdrawWallet = _withdrawWallet;
    }

    /// @notice Set the minting start price.
    function setMintingStartPrice(uint256 _mintingStartPrice) external onlyOwner {
        mintingStartPrice = _mintingStartPrice;
    }

    /// @notice Set the minting increase interval in seconds.
    function setMintingIncreaseInterval(uint256 _mintingIncreaseInterval) external onlyOwner {
        mintingIncreaseInterval = _mintingIncreaseInterval;
    }

    /// @notice Set the minting price increase per inteval in wei.
    function setMintingPriceIncreasePerInterval(uint256 _mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval) external onlyOwner {
        mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval = _mintingPriceIncreasePerInterval;
    }

    /// @notice Set signer address
    function setSigner(address _signer) external onlyOwner {
        signer = _signer;
    }

    /// @notice Set the _contractURIHash.
    function setContractURIHash(string memory newContractURIHash) external onlyOwner {
        _contractURIHash = newContractURIHash;
    }

    //*********************************************************************//
    // ----------------------- Internal Funtions ------------------------- //
    //*********************************************************************//

    /**
     * @dev Returns the starting token ID.
     */
    function _startTokenId() internal pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 1;
    }

    /// @notice Mint a Noun with `nounId` to the provided `to` address.
    function getNounId(
        uint256 tokenId
    ) public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 currentTokenId = tokenId;
        while (currentTokenId > 0) {
            if (nounIdOfNomo[currentTokenId] != 0) {
                return nounIdOfNomo[currentTokenId];
            }
            currentTokenId--;
        }

        revert("No nounId found for tokenId");
    }

    /// @notice Mint a Noun with `nounId` to the provided `to` address.
    function _mintTo(
        address to,
        uint256 nounId,
        uint256 blockNumber,
        uint256 quantity
    ) internal returns (uint256) {
        if (seeds[nounId].nounId == 0) {
            nounIdOfNomo[_nextTokenId()] = nounId;
            seeds[nounId] = seeder.generateSeed(nounId, blockNumber, descriptor);
            emit NomoCreated(nounId, seeds[nounId]);
        }

        _mint(to, quantity);

        return nounId;
    }

    function _verify(
        uint256 nounsId,
        uint256 blockNumber,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) public view returns (address) {
        bytes32 TYPEHASH = keccak256('Minter(uint256 nounsId,uint256 blockNumber)');
        bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(TYPEHASH, nounsId, blockNumber)));
        return ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
    }
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/INounsAuctionHouseExtra.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Modified interface for NounsDescriptorV2 exposing additional public fields

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity 0.8.15;

import {INounsAuctionHouse} from "../../nouns-contracts/NounsAuctionHouse/contracts/interfaces/INounsAuctionHouse.sol";

interface INounsAuctionHouseExtra is INounsAuctionHouse {
    function auction() external view returns (Auction memory);
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/INomoNounsSeeder.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for NounsSeeder

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

import {INomoNounsDescriptor} from "./INomoNounsDescriptor.sol";
import {INounsSeeder} from "../../nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/INounsSeeder.sol";

interface INomoNounsSeeder {
    struct Seed {
        uint40 nounId;
        uint40 background;
        uint40 body;
        uint40 accessory;
        uint40 head;
        uint40 glasses;
    }

    function generateSeed(
        uint256 nounId,
        uint256 blockNumber,
        INomoNounsDescriptor descriptor
    ) external view returns (Seed memory);
}
// File: contracts/interfaces/INomoNounsDescriptor.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for NounsDescriptorV2

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

import {INomoNounsSeeder} from "./INomoNounsSeeder.sol";
import {ISVGRenderer} from "../../nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/ISVGRenderer.sol";
import {INounsArt} from '../../nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/INounsArt.sol';
//import {INounsDescriptorMinimal} from '../../nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/INounsDescriptorMinimal.sol';

interface INomoNounsDescriptor {
    event DataURIToggled(bool enabled);

    event BaseURIUpdated(string baseURI);

    event ArtUpdated(INounsArt art);

    event RendererUpdated(ISVGRenderer renderer);

    error EmptyPalette();
    error BadPaletteLength();
    error IndexNotFound();

    function isDataURIEnabled() external returns (bool);

    function baseURI() external returns (string memory);

    function palettes(uint8 paletteIndex) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function backgrounds(uint256 index) external view returns (string memory);

    function bodies(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function accessories(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function heads(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function glasses(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function backgroundCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function bodyCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function accessoryCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function headCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function glassesCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function setBackgroundOverride(uint256 _index, string calldata _color) external;

    function unsetBackgroundOverride(uint256 _index) external;

    function toggleDataURIEnabled() external;

    function setBaseURI(string calldata baseURI) external;

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId, INomoNounsSeeder.Seed memory seed) external view returns (string memory);

    function dataURI(uint256 tokenId, INomoNounsSeeder.Seed memory seed) external view returns (string memory);

    function genericDataURI(
        string calldata name,
        string calldata description,
        INomoNounsSeeder.Seed memory seed
    ) external view returns (string memory);

    function generateSVGImage(INomoNounsSeeder.Seed memory seed) external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// File: erc721a/contracts/ERC721A.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// ERC721A Contracts v4.2.3
// Creator: Chiru Labs

pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import './IERC721A.sol';

/**
 * @dev Interface of ERC721 token receiver.
 */
interface ERC721A__IERC721Receiver {
    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

/**
 * @title ERC721A
 *
 * @dev Implementation of the [ERC721](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721)
 * Non-Fungible Token Standard, including the Metadata extension.
 * Optimized for lower gas during batch mints.
 *
 * Token IDs are minted in sequential order (e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3, ...)
 * starting from `_startTokenId()`.
 *
 * Assumptions:
 *
 * - An owner cannot have more than 2**64 - 1 (max value of uint64) of supply.
 * - The maximum token ID cannot exceed 2**256 - 1 (max value of uint256).
 */
contract ERC721A is IERC721A {
    // Bypass for a `--via-ir` bug (https://github.com/chiru-labs/ERC721A/pull/364).
    struct TokenApprovalRef {
        address value;
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                           CONSTANTS
    // =============================================================

    // Mask of an entry in packed address data.
    uint256 private constant _BITMASK_ADDRESS_DATA_ENTRY = (1 << 64) - 1;

    // The bit position of `numberMinted` in packed address data.
    uint256 private constant _BITPOS_NUMBER_MINTED = 64;

    // The bit position of `numberBurned` in packed address data.
    uint256 private constant _BITPOS_NUMBER_BURNED = 128;

    // The bit position of `aux` in packed address data.
    uint256 private constant _BITPOS_AUX = 192;

    // Mask of all 256 bits in packed address data except the 64 bits for `aux`.
    uint256 private constant _BITMASK_AUX_COMPLEMENT = (1 << 192) - 1;

    // The bit position of `startTimestamp` in packed ownership.
    uint256 private constant _BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP = 160;

    // The bit mask of the `burned` bit in packed ownership.
    uint256 private constant _BITMASK_BURNED = 1 << 224;

    // The bit position of the `nextInitialized` bit in packed ownership.
    uint256 private constant _BITPOS_NEXT_INITIALIZED = 225;

    // The bit mask of the `nextInitialized` bit in packed ownership.
    uint256 private constant _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED = 1 << 225;

    // The bit position of `extraData` in packed ownership.
    uint256 private constant _BITPOS_EXTRA_DATA = 232;

    // Mask of all 256 bits in a packed ownership except the 24 bits for `extraData`.
    uint256 private constant _BITMASK_EXTRA_DATA_COMPLEMENT = (1 << 232) - 1;

    // The mask of the lower 160 bits for addresses.
    uint256 private constant _BITMASK_ADDRESS = (1 << 160) - 1;

    // The maximum `quantity` that can be minted with {_mintERC2309}.
    // This limit is to prevent overflows on the address data entries.
    // For a limit of 5000, a total of 3.689e15 calls to {_mintERC2309}
    // is required to cause an overflow, which is unrealistic.
    uint256 private constant _MAX_MINT_ERC2309_QUANTITY_LIMIT = 5000;

    // The `Transfer` event signature is given by:
    // `keccak256(bytes("Transfer(address,address,uint256)"))`.
    bytes32 private constant _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE =
        0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef;

    // =============================================================
    //                            STORAGE
    // =============================================================

    // The next token ID to be minted.
    uint256 private _currentIndex;

    // The number of tokens burned.
    uint256 private _burnCounter;

    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    // Mapping from token ID to ownership details
    // An empty struct value does not necessarily mean the token is unowned.
    // See {_packedOwnershipOf} implementation for details.
    //
    // Bits Layout:
    // - [0..159]   `addr`
    // - [160..223] `startTimestamp`
    // - [224]      `burned`
    // - [225]      `nextInitialized`
    // - [232..255] `extraData`
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _packedOwnerships;

    // Mapping owner address to address data.
    //
    // Bits Layout:
    // - [0..63]    `balance`
    // - [64..127]  `numberMinted`
    // - [128..191] `numberBurned`
    // - [192..255] `aux`
    mapping(address => uint256) private _packedAddressData;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address.
    mapping(uint256 => TokenApprovalRef) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // =============================================================
    //                          CONSTRUCTOR
    // =============================================================

    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
        _currentIndex = _startTokenId();
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                   TOKEN COUNTING OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the starting token ID.
     * To change the starting token ID, please override this function.
     */
    function _startTokenId() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the next token ID to be minted.
     */
    function _nextTokenId() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _currentIndex;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total number of tokens in existence.
     * Burned tokens will reduce the count.
     * To get the total number of tokens minted, please see {_totalMinted}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        // Counter underflow is impossible as _burnCounter cannot be incremented
        // more than `_currentIndex - _startTokenId()` times.
        unchecked {
            return _currentIndex - _burnCounter - _startTokenId();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total amount of tokens minted in the contract.
     */
    function _totalMinted() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        // Counter underflow is impossible as `_currentIndex` does not decrement,
        // and it is initialized to `_startTokenId()`.
        unchecked {
            return _currentIndex - _startTokenId();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total number of tokens burned.
     */
    function _totalBurned() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _burnCounter;
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                    ADDRESS DATA OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in `owner`'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        if (owner == address(0)) revert BalanceQueryForZeroAddress();
        return _packedAddressData[owner] & _BITMASK_ADDRESS_DATA_ENTRY;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of tokens minted by `owner`.
     */
    function _numberMinted(address owner) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return (_packedAddressData[owner] >> _BITPOS_NUMBER_MINTED) & _BITMASK_ADDRESS_DATA_ENTRY;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of tokens burned by or on behalf of `owner`.
     */
    function _numberBurned(address owner) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return (_packedAddressData[owner] >> _BITPOS_NUMBER_BURNED) & _BITMASK_ADDRESS_DATA_ENTRY;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the auxiliary data for `owner`. (e.g. number of whitelist mint slots used).
     */
    function _getAux(address owner) internal view returns (uint64) {
        return uint64(_packedAddressData[owner] >> _BITPOS_AUX);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the auxiliary data for `owner`. (e.g. number of whitelist mint slots used).
     * If there are multiple variables, please pack them into a uint64.
     */
    function _setAux(address owner, uint64 aux) internal virtual {
        uint256 packed = _packedAddressData[owner];
        uint256 auxCasted;
        // Cast `aux` with assembly to avoid redundant masking.
        assembly {
            auxCasted := aux
        }
        packed = (packed & _BITMASK_AUX_COMPLEMENT) | (auxCasted << _BITPOS_AUX);
        _packedAddressData[owner] = packed;
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                            IERC165
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * [EIP section](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified)
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        // The interface IDs are constants representing the first 4 bytes
        // of the XOR of all function selectors in the interface.
        // See: [ERC165](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165)
        // (e.g. `bytes4(i.functionA.selector ^ i.functionB.selector ^ ...)`)
        return
            interfaceId == 0x01ffc9a7 || // ERC165 interface ID for ERC165.
            interfaceId == 0x80ac58cd || // ERC165 interface ID for ERC721.
            interfaceId == 0x5b5e139f; // ERC165 interface ID for ERC721Metadata.
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                        IERC721Metadata
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        if (!_exists(tokenId)) revert URIQueryForNonexistentToken();

        string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
        return bytes(baseURI).length != 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, _toString(tokenId))) : '';
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
     * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
     * by default, it can be overridden in child contracts.
     */
    function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return '';
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                     OWNERSHIPS OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(_packedOwnershipOf(tokenId)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gas spent here starts off proportional to the maximum mint batch size.
     * It gradually moves to O(1) as tokens get transferred around over time.
     */
    function _ownershipOf(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (TokenOwnership memory) {
        return _unpackedOwnership(_packedOwnershipOf(tokenId));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the unpacked `TokenOwnership` struct at `index`.
     */
    function _ownershipAt(uint256 index) internal view virtual returns (TokenOwnership memory) {
        return _unpackedOwnership(_packedOwnerships[index]);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the ownership slot minted at `index` for efficiency purposes.
     */
    function _initializeOwnershipAt(uint256 index) internal virtual {
        if (_packedOwnerships[index] == 0) {
            _packedOwnerships[index] = _packedOwnershipOf(index);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the packed ownership data of `tokenId`.
     */
    function _packedOwnershipOf(uint256 tokenId) private view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 curr = tokenId;

        unchecked {
            if (_startTokenId() <= curr)
                if (curr < _currentIndex) {
                    uint256 packed = _packedOwnerships[curr];
                    // If not burned.
                    if (packed & _BITMASK_BURNED == 0) {
                        // Invariant:
                        // There will always be an initialized ownership slot
                        // (i.e. `ownership.addr != address(0) && ownership.burned == false`)
                        // before an unintialized ownership slot
                        // (i.e. `ownership.addr == address(0) && ownership.burned == false`)
                        // Hence, `curr` will not underflow.
                        //
                        // We can directly compare the packed value.
                        // If the address is zero, packed will be zero.
                        while (packed == 0) {
                            packed = _packedOwnerships[--curr];
                        }
                        return packed;
                    }
                }
        }
        revert OwnerQueryForNonexistentToken();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the unpacked `TokenOwnership` struct from `packed`.
     */
    function _unpackedOwnership(uint256 packed) private pure returns (TokenOwnership memory ownership) {
        ownership.addr = address(uint160(packed));
        ownership.startTimestamp = uint64(packed >> _BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP);
        ownership.burned = packed & _BITMASK_BURNED != 0;
        ownership.extraData = uint24(packed >> _BITPOS_EXTRA_DATA);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Packs ownership data into a single uint256.
     */
    function _packOwnershipData(address owner, uint256 flags) private view returns (uint256 result) {
        assembly {
            // Mask `owner` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
            owner := and(owner, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
            // `owner | (block.timestamp << _BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP) | flags`.
            result := or(owner, or(shl(_BITPOS_START_TIMESTAMP, timestamp()), flags))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the `nextInitialized` flag set if `quantity` equals 1.
     */
    function _nextInitializedFlag(uint256 quantity) private pure returns (uint256 result) {
        // For branchless setting of the `nextInitialized` flag.
        assembly {
            // `(quantity == 1) << _BITPOS_NEXT_INITIALIZED`.
            result := shl(_BITPOS_NEXT_INITIALIZED, eq(quantity, 1))
        }
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                      APPROVAL OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the
     * zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public payable virtual override {
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);

        if (_msgSenderERC721A() != owner)
            if (!isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSenderERC721A())) {
                revert ApprovalCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();
            }

        _tokenApprovals[tokenId].value = to;
        emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {
        if (!_exists(tokenId)) revert ApprovalQueryForNonexistentToken();

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId].value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom}
     * for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _operatorApprovals[_msgSenderERC721A()][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSenderERC721A(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.
     *
     * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Tokens start existing when they are minted. See {_mint}.
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return
            _startTokenId() <= tokenId &&
            tokenId < _currentIndex && // If within bounds,
            _packedOwnerships[tokenId] & _BITMASK_BURNED == 0; // and not burned.
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `msgSender` is equal to `approvedAddress` or `owner`.
     */
    function _isSenderApprovedOrOwner(
        address approvedAddress,
        address owner,
        address msgSender
    ) private pure returns (bool result) {
        assembly {
            // Mask `owner` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
            owner := and(owner, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
            // Mask `msgSender` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
            msgSender := and(msgSender, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
            // `msgSender == owner || msgSender == approvedAddress`.
            result := or(eq(msgSender, owner), eq(msgSender, approvedAddress))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot and value for the approved address of `tokenId`.
     */
    function _getApprovedSlotAndAddress(uint256 tokenId)
        private
        view
        returns (uint256 approvedAddressSlot, address approvedAddress)
    {
        TokenApprovalRef storage tokenApproval = _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
        // The following is equivalent to `approvedAddress = _tokenApprovals[tokenId].value`.
        assembly {
            approvedAddressSlot := tokenApproval.slot
            approvedAddress := sload(approvedAddressSlot)
        }
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                      TRANSFER OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token
     * by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) public payable virtual override {
        uint256 prevOwnershipPacked = _packedOwnershipOf(tokenId);

        if (address(uint160(prevOwnershipPacked)) != from) revert TransferFromIncorrectOwner();

        (uint256 approvedAddressSlot, address approvedAddress) = _getApprovedSlotAndAddress(tokenId);

        // The nested ifs save around 20+ gas over a compound boolean condition.
        if (!_isSenderApprovedOrOwner(approvedAddress, from, _msgSenderERC721A()))
            if (!isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSenderERC721A())) revert TransferCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();

        if (to == address(0)) revert TransferToZeroAddress();

        _beforeTokenTransfers(from, to, tokenId, 1);

        // Clear approvals from the previous owner.
        assembly {
            if approvedAddress {
                // This is equivalent to `delete _tokenApprovals[tokenId]`.
                sstore(approvedAddressSlot, 0)
            }
        }

        // Underflow of the sender's balance is impossible because we check for
        // ownership above and the recipient's balance can't realistically overflow.
        // Counter overflow is incredibly unrealistic as `tokenId` would have to be 2**256.
        unchecked {
            // We can directly increment and decrement the balances.
            --_packedAddressData[from]; // Updates: `balance -= 1`.
            ++_packedAddressData[to]; // Updates: `balance += 1`.

            // Updates:
            // - `address` to the next owner.
            // - `startTimestamp` to the timestamp of transfering.
            // - `burned` to `false`.
            // - `nextInitialized` to `true`.
            _packedOwnerships[tokenId] = _packOwnershipData(
                to,
                _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED | _nextExtraData(from, to, prevOwnershipPacked)
            );

            // If the next slot may not have been initialized (i.e. `nextInitialized == false`) .
            if (prevOwnershipPacked & _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED == 0) {
                uint256 nextTokenId = tokenId + 1;
                // If the next slot's address is zero and not burned (i.e. packed value is zero).
                if (_packedOwnerships[nextTokenId] == 0) {
                    // If the next slot is within bounds.
                    if (nextTokenId != _currentIndex) {
                        // Initialize the next slot to maintain correctness for `ownerOf(tokenId + 1)`.
                        _packedOwnerships[nextTokenId] = prevOwnershipPacked;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
        _afterTokenTransfers(from, to, tokenId, 1);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to `safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, '')`.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) public payable virtual override {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, '');
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token
     * by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement
     * {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory _data
    ) public payable virtual override {
        transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
        if (to.code.length != 0)
            if (!_checkContractOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data)) {
                revert TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();
            }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before a set of serially-ordered token IDs
     * are about to be transferred. This includes minting.
     * And also called before burning one token.
     *
     * `startTokenId` - the first token ID to be transferred.
     * `quantity` - the amount to be transferred.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `from`'s `tokenId` will be
     * transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, `tokenId` will be burned by `from`.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfers(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 startTokenId,
        uint256 quantity
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after a set of serially-ordered token IDs
     * have been transferred. This includes minting.
     * And also called after one token has been burned.
     *
     * `startTokenId` - the first token ID to be transferred.
     * `quantity` - the amount to be transferred.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `from`'s `tokenId` has been
     * transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` has been minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, `tokenId` has been burned by `from`.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfers(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 startTokenId,
        uint256 quantity
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Private function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target contract.
     *
     * `from` - Previous owner of the given token ID.
     * `to` - Target address that will receive the token.
     * `tokenId` - Token ID to be transferred.
     * `_data` - Optional data to send along with the call.
     *
     * Returns whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value.
     */
    function _checkContractOnERC721Received(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory _data
    ) private returns (bool) {
        try ERC721A__IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSenderERC721A(), from, tokenId, _data) returns (
            bytes4 retval
        ) {
            return retval == ERC721A__IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received.selector;
        } catch (bytes memory reason) {
            if (reason.length == 0) {
                revert TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();
            } else {
                assembly {
                    revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                        MINT OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Mints `quantity` tokens and transfers them to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `quantity` must be greater than 0.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event for each mint.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 quantity) internal virtual {
        uint256 startTokenId = _currentIndex;
        if (quantity == 0) revert MintZeroQuantity();

        _beforeTokenTransfers(address(0), to, startTokenId, quantity);

        // Overflows are incredibly unrealistic.
        // `balance` and `numberMinted` have a maximum limit of 2**64.
        // `tokenId` has a maximum limit of 2**256.
        unchecked {
            // Updates:
            // - `balance += quantity`.
            // - `numberMinted += quantity`.
            //
            // We can directly add to the `balance` and `numberMinted`.
            _packedAddressData[to] += quantity * ((1 << _BITPOS_NUMBER_MINTED) | 1);

            // Updates:
            // - `address` to the owner.
            // - `startTimestamp` to the timestamp of minting.
            // - `burned` to `false`.
            // - `nextInitialized` to `quantity == 1`.
            _packedOwnerships[startTokenId] = _packOwnershipData(
                to,
                _nextInitializedFlag(quantity) | _nextExtraData(address(0), to, 0)
            );

            uint256 toMasked;
            uint256 end = startTokenId + quantity;

            // Use assembly to loop and emit the `Transfer` event for gas savings.
            // The duplicated `log4` removes an extra check and reduces stack juggling.
            // The assembly, together with the surrounding Solidity code, have been
            // delicately arranged to nudge the compiler into producing optimized opcodes.
            assembly {
                // Mask `to` to the lower 160 bits, in case the upper bits somehow aren't clean.
                toMasked := and(to, _BITMASK_ADDRESS)
                // Emit the `Transfer` event.
                log4(
                    0, // Start of data (0, since no data).
                    0, // End of data (0, since no data).
                    _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, // Signature.
                    0, // `address(0)`.
                    toMasked, // `to`.
                    startTokenId // `tokenId`.
                )

                // The `iszero(eq(,))` check ensures that large values of `quantity`
                // that overflows uint256 will make the loop run out of gas.
                // The compiler will optimize the `iszero` away for performance.
                for {
                    let tokenId := add(startTokenId, 1)
                } iszero(eq(tokenId, end)) {
                    tokenId := add(tokenId, 1)
                } {
                    // Emit the `Transfer` event. Similar to above.
                    log4(0, 0, _TRANSFER_EVENT_SIGNATURE, 0, toMasked, tokenId)
                }
            }
            if (toMasked == 0) revert MintToZeroAddress();

            _currentIndex = end;
        }
        _afterTokenTransfers(address(0), to, startTokenId, quantity);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints `quantity` tokens and transfers them to `to`.
     *
     * This function is intended for efficient minting only during contract creation.
     *
     * It emits only one {ConsecutiveTransfer} as defined in
     * [ERC2309](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2309),
     * instead of a sequence of {Transfer} event(s).
     *
     * Calling this function outside of contract creation WILL make your contract
     * non-compliant with the ERC721 standard.
     * For full ERC721 compliance, substituting ERC721 {Transfer} event(s) with the ERC2309
     * {ConsecutiveTransfer} event is only permissible during contract creation.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `quantity` must be greater than 0.
     *
     * Emits a {ConsecutiveTransfer} event.
     */
    function _mintERC2309(address to, uint256 quantity) internal virtual {
        uint256 startTokenId = _currentIndex;
        if (to == address(0)) revert MintToZeroAddress();
        if (quantity == 0) revert MintZeroQuantity();
        if (quantity > _MAX_MINT_ERC2309_QUANTITY_LIMIT) revert MintERC2309QuantityExceedsLimit();

        _beforeTokenTransfers(address(0), to, startTokenId, quantity);

        // Overflows are unrealistic due to the above check for `quantity` to be below the limit.
        unchecked {
            // Updates:
            // - `balance += quantity`.
            // - `numberMinted += quantity`.
            //
            // We can directly add to the `balance` and `numberMinted`.
            _packedAddressData[to] += quantity * ((1 << _BITPOS_NUMBER_MINTED) | 1);

            // Updates:
            // - `address` to the owner.
            // - `startTimestamp` to the timestamp of minting.
            // - `burned` to `false`.
            // - `nextInitialized` to `quantity == 1`.
            _packedOwnerships[startTokenId] = _packOwnershipData(
                to,
                _nextInitializedFlag(quantity) | _nextExtraData(address(0), to, 0)
            );

            emit ConsecutiveTransfer(startTokenId, startTokenId + quantity - 1, address(0), to);

            _currentIndex = startTokenId + quantity;
        }
        _afterTokenTransfers(address(0), to, startTokenId, quantity);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely mints `quantity` tokens and transfers them to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement
     * {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called for each safe transfer.
     * - `quantity` must be greater than 0.
     *
     * See {_mint}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event for each mint.
     */
    function _safeMint(
        address to,
        uint256 quantity,
        bytes memory _data
    ) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, quantity);

        unchecked {
            if (to.code.length != 0) {
                uint256 end = _currentIndex;
                uint256 index = end - quantity;
                do {
                    if (!_checkContractOnERC721Received(address(0), to, index++, _data)) {
                        revert TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();
                    }
                } while (index < end);
                // Reentrancy protection.
                if (_currentIndex != end) revert();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to `_safeMint(to, quantity, '')`.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 quantity) internal virtual {
        _safeMint(to, quantity, '');
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                        BURN OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to `_burn(tokenId, false)`.
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {
        _burn(tokenId, false);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId, bool approvalCheck) internal virtual {
        uint256 prevOwnershipPacked = _packedOwnershipOf(tokenId);

        address from = address(uint160(prevOwnershipPacked));

        (uint256 approvedAddressSlot, address approvedAddress) = _getApprovedSlotAndAddress(tokenId);

        if (approvalCheck) {
            // The nested ifs save around 20+ gas over a compound boolean condition.
            if (!_isSenderApprovedOrOwner(approvedAddress, from, _msgSenderERC721A()))
                if (!isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSenderERC721A())) revert TransferCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();
        }

        _beforeTokenTransfers(from, address(0), tokenId, 1);

        // Clear approvals from the previous owner.
        assembly {
            if approvedAddress {
                // This is equivalent to `delete _tokenApprovals[tokenId]`.
                sstore(approvedAddressSlot, 0)
            }
        }

        // Underflow of the sender's balance is impossible because we check for
        // ownership above and the recipient's balance can't realistically overflow.
        // Counter overflow is incredibly unrealistic as `tokenId` would have to be 2**256.
        unchecked {
            // Updates:
            // - `balance -= 1`.
            // - `numberBurned += 1`.
            //
            // We can directly decrement the balance, and increment the number burned.
            // This is equivalent to `packed -= 1; packed += 1 << _BITPOS_NUMBER_BURNED;`.
            _packedAddressData[from] += (1 << _BITPOS_NUMBER_BURNED) - 1;

            // Updates:
            // - `address` to the last owner.
            // - `startTimestamp` to the timestamp of burning.
            // - `burned` to `true`.
            // - `nextInitialized` to `true`.
            _packedOwnerships[tokenId] = _packOwnershipData(
                from,
                (_BITMASK_BURNED | _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED) | _nextExtraData(from, address(0), prevOwnershipPacked)
            );

            // If the next slot may not have been initialized (i.e. `nextInitialized == false`) .
            if (prevOwnershipPacked & _BITMASK_NEXT_INITIALIZED == 0) {
                uint256 nextTokenId = tokenId + 1;
                // If the next slot's address is zero and not burned (i.e. packed value is zero).
                if (_packedOwnerships[nextTokenId] == 0) {
                    // If the next slot is within bounds.
                    if (nextTokenId != _currentIndex) {
                        // Initialize the next slot to maintain correctness for `ownerOf(tokenId + 1)`.
                        _packedOwnerships[nextTokenId] = prevOwnershipPacked;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, address(0), tokenId);
        _afterTokenTransfers(from, address(0), tokenId, 1);

        // Overflow not possible, as _burnCounter cannot be exceed _currentIndex times.
        unchecked {
            _burnCounter++;
        }
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                     EXTRA DATA OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Directly sets the extra data for the ownership data `index`.
     */
    function _setExtraDataAt(uint256 index, uint24 extraData) internal virtual {
        uint256 packed = _packedOwnerships[index];
        if (packed == 0) revert OwnershipNotInitializedForExtraData();
        uint256 extraDataCasted;
        // Cast `extraData` with assembly to avoid redundant masking.
        assembly {
            extraDataCasted := extraData
        }
        packed = (packed & _BITMASK_EXTRA_DATA_COMPLEMENT) | (extraDataCasted << _BITPOS_EXTRA_DATA);
        _packedOwnerships[index] = packed;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Called during each token transfer to set the 24bit `extraData` field.
     * Intended to be overridden by the cosumer contract.
     *
     * `previousExtraData` - the value of `extraData` before transfer.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `from`'s `tokenId` will be
     * transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.
     * - When `to` is zero, `tokenId` will be burned by `from`.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     */
    function _extraData(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint24 previousExtraData
    ) internal view virtual returns (uint24) {}

    /**
     * @dev Returns the next extra data for the packed ownership data.
     * The returned result is shifted into position.
     */
    function _nextExtraData(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 prevOwnershipPacked
    ) private view returns (uint256) {
        uint24 extraData = uint24(prevOwnershipPacked >> _BITPOS_EXTRA_DATA);
        return uint256(_extraData(from, to, extraData)) << _BITPOS_EXTRA_DATA;
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                       OTHER OPERATIONS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the message sender (defaults to `msg.sender`).
     *
     * If you are writing GSN compatible contracts, you need to override this function.
     */
    function _msgSenderERC721A() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a uint256 to its ASCII string decimal representation.
     */
    function _toString(uint256 value) internal pure virtual returns (string memory str) {
        assembly {
            // The maximum value of a uint256 contains 78 digits (1 byte per digit), but
            // we allocate 0xa0 bytes to keep the free memory pointer 32-byte word aligned.
            // We will need 1 word for the trailing zeros padding, 1 word for the length,
            // and 3 words for a maximum of 78 digits. Total: 5 * 0x20 = 0xa0.
            let m := add(mload(0x40), 0xa0)
            // Update the free memory pointer to allocate.
            mstore(0x40, m)
            // Assign the `str` to the end.
            str := sub(m, 0x20)
            // Zeroize the slot after the string.
            mstore(str, 0)

            // Cache the end of the memory to calculate the length later.
            let end := str

            // We write the string from rightmost digit to leftmost digit.
            // The following is essentially a do-while loop that also handles the zero case.
            // prettier-ignore
            for { let temp := value } 1 {} {
                str := sub(str, 1)
                // Write the character to the pointer.
                // The ASCII index of the '0' character is 48.
                mstore8(str, add(48, mod(temp, 10)))
                // Keep dividing `temp` until zero.
                temp := div(temp, 10)
                // prettier-ignore
                if iszero(temp) { break }
            }

            let length := sub(end, str)
            // Move the pointer 32 bytes leftwards to make room for the length.
            str := sub(str, 0x20)
            // Store the length.
            mstore(str, length)
        }
    }
}

// File: erc721a/contracts/extensions/ERC721AQueryable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// ERC721A Contracts v4.2.3
// Creator: Chiru Labs

pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import './IERC721AQueryable.sol';
import '../ERC721A.sol';

/**
 * @title ERC721AQueryable.
 *
 * @dev ERC721A subclass with convenience query functions.
 */
abstract contract ERC721AQueryable is ERC721A, IERC721AQueryable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the `TokenOwnership` struct at `tokenId` without reverting.
     *
     * If the `tokenId` is out of bounds:
     *
     * - `addr = address(0)`
     * - `startTimestamp = 0`
     * - `burned = false`
     * - `extraData = 0`
     *
     * If the `tokenId` is burned:
     *
     * - `addr = <Address of owner before token was burned>`
     * - `startTimestamp = <Timestamp when token was burned>`
     * - `burned = true`
     * - `extraData = <Extra data when token was burned>`
     *
     * Otherwise:
     *
     * - `addr = <Address of owner>`
     * - `startTimestamp = <Timestamp of start of ownership>`
     * - `burned = false`
     * - `extraData = <Extra data at start of ownership>`
     */
    function explicitOwnershipOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (TokenOwnership memory) {
        TokenOwnership memory ownership;
        if (tokenId < _startTokenId() || tokenId >= _nextTokenId()) {
            return ownership;
        }
        ownership = _ownershipAt(tokenId);
        if (ownership.burned) {
            return ownership;
        }
        return _ownershipOf(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an array of `TokenOwnership` structs at `tokenIds` in order.
     * See {ERC721AQueryable-explicitOwnershipOf}
     */
    function explicitOwnershipsOf(uint256[] calldata tokenIds)
        external
        view
        virtual
        override
        returns (TokenOwnership[] memory)
    {
        unchecked {
            uint256 tokenIdsLength = tokenIds.length;
            TokenOwnership[] memory ownerships = new TokenOwnership[](tokenIdsLength);
            for (uint256 i; i != tokenIdsLength; ++i) {
                ownerships[i] = explicitOwnershipOf(tokenIds[i]);
            }
            return ownerships;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an array of token IDs owned by `owner`,
     * in the range [`start`, `stop`)
     * (i.e. `start <= tokenId < stop`).
     *
     * This function allows for tokens to be queried if the collection
     * grows too big for a single call of {ERC721AQueryable-tokensOfOwner}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `start < stop`
     */
    function tokensOfOwnerIn(
        address owner,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 stop
    ) external view virtual override returns (uint256[] memory) {
        unchecked {
            if (start >= stop) revert InvalidQueryRange();
            uint256 tokenIdsIdx;
            uint256 stopLimit = _nextTokenId();
            // Set `start = max(start, _startTokenId())`.
            if (start < _startTokenId()) {
                start = _startTokenId();
            }
            // Set `stop = min(stop, stopLimit)`.
            if (stop > stopLimit) {
                stop = stopLimit;
            }
            uint256 tokenIdsMaxLength = balanceOf(owner);
            // Set `tokenIdsMaxLength = min(balanceOf(owner), stop - start)`,
            // to cater for cases where `balanceOf(owner)` is too big.
            if (start < stop) {
                uint256 rangeLength = stop - start;
                if (rangeLength < tokenIdsMaxLength) {
                    tokenIdsMaxLength = rangeLength;
                }
            } else {
                tokenIdsMaxLength = 0;
            }
            uint256[] memory tokenIds = new uint256[](tokenIdsMaxLength);
            if (tokenIdsMaxLength == 0) {
                return tokenIds;
            }
            // We need to call `explicitOwnershipOf(start)`,
            // because the slot at `start` may not be initialized.
            TokenOwnership memory ownership = explicitOwnershipOf(start);
            address currOwnershipAddr;
            // If the starting slot exists (i.e. not burned), initialize `currOwnershipAddr`.
            // `ownership.address` will not be zero, as `start` is clamped to the valid token ID range.
            if (!ownership.burned) {
                currOwnershipAddr = ownership.addr;
            }
            for (uint256 i = start; i != stop && tokenIdsIdx != tokenIdsMaxLength; ++i) {
                ownership = _ownershipAt(i);
                if (ownership.burned) {
                    continue;
                }
                if (ownership.addr != address(0)) {
                    currOwnershipAddr = ownership.addr;
                }
                if (currOwnershipAddr == owner) {
                    tokenIds[tokenIdsIdx++] = i;
                }
            }
            // Downsize the array to fit.
            assembly {
                mstore(tokenIds, tokenIdsIdx)
            }
            return tokenIds;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an array of token IDs owned by `owner`.
     *
     * This function scans the ownership mapping and is O(`totalSupply`) in complexity.
     * It is meant to be called off-chain.
     *
     * See {ERC721AQueryable-tokensOfOwnerIn} for splitting the scan into
     * multiple smaller scans if the collection is large enough to cause
     * an out-of-gas error (10K collections should be fine).
     */
    function tokensOfOwner(address owner) external view virtual override returns (uint256[] memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 tokenIdsIdx;
            address currOwnershipAddr;
            uint256 tokenIdsLength = balanceOf(owner);
            uint256[] memory tokenIds = new uint256[](tokenIdsLength);
            TokenOwnership memory ownership;
            for (uint256 i = _startTokenId(); tokenIdsIdx != tokenIdsLength; ++i) {
                ownership = _ownershipAt(i);
                if (ownership.burned) {
                    continue;
                }
                if (ownership.addr != address(0)) {
                    currOwnershipAddr = ownership.addr;
                }
                if (currOwnershipAddr == owner) {
                    tokenIds[tokenIdsIdx++] = i;
                }
            }
            return tokenIds;
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ECDSA.sol";

/**
 * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.
 *
 * The encoding specified in the EIP is very generic, and such a generic implementation in Solidity is not feasible,
 * thus this contract does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding
 * they need in their contracts using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.
 *
 * This contract implements the EIP 712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding
 * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA
 * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).
 *
 * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating
 * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as "v4", as implemented by the JSON RPC method
 * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].
 *
 * _Available since v3.4._
 */
abstract contract EIP712 {
    /* solhint-disable var-name-mixedcase */
    // Cache the domain separator as an immutable value, but also store the chain id that it corresponds to, in order to
    // invalidate the cached domain separator if the chain id changes.
    bytes32 private immutable _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
    uint256 private immutable _CACHED_CHAIN_ID;
    address private immutable _CACHED_THIS;

    bytes32 private immutable _HASHED_NAME;
    bytes32 private immutable _HASHED_VERSION;
    bytes32 private immutable _TYPE_HASH;

    /* solhint-enable var-name-mixedcase */

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.
     *
     * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP 712]:
     *
     * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.
     * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.
     *
     * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart
     * contract upgrade].
     */
    constructor(string memory name, string memory version) {
        bytes32 hashedName = keccak256(bytes(name));
        bytes32 hashedVersion = keccak256(bytes(version));
        bytes32 typeHash = keccak256(
            "EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)"
        );
        _HASHED_NAME = hashedName;
        _HASHED_VERSION = hashedVersion;
        _CACHED_CHAIN_ID = block.chainid;
        _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR = _buildDomainSeparator(typeHash, hashedName, hashedVersion);
        _CACHED_THIS = address(this);
        _TYPE_HASH = typeHash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
     */
    function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {
        if (address(this) == _CACHED_THIS && block.chainid == _CACHED_CHAIN_ID) {
            return _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
        } else {
            return _buildDomainSeparator(_TYPE_HASH, _HASHED_NAME, _HASHED_VERSION);
        }
    }

    function _buildDomainSeparator(
        bytes32 typeHash,
        bytes32 nameHash,
        bytes32 versionHash
    ) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(typeHash, nameHash, versionHash, block.chainid, address(this)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this
     * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.
     *
     * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:
     *
     * ```solidity
     * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(
     *     keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"),
     *     mailTo,
     *     keccak256(bytes(mailContents))
     * )));
     * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
     * ```
     */
    function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return ECDSA.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);
    }
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsAuctionHouse/contracts/interfaces/INounsAuctionHouse.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for Noun Auction Houses

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

interface INounsAuctionHouse {
    struct Auction {
        // ID for the Noun (ERC721 token ID)
        uint256 nounId;
        // The current highest bid amount
        uint256 amount;
        // The time that the auction started
        uint256 startTime;
        // The time that the auction is scheduled to end
        uint256 endTime;
        // The address of the current highest bid
        address payable bidder;
        // Whether or not the auction has been settled
        bool settled;
    }

    event AuctionCreated(uint256 indexed nounId, uint256 startTime, uint256 endTime);

    event AuctionBid(uint256 indexed nounId, address sender, uint256 value, bool extended);

    event AuctionExtended(uint256 indexed nounId, uint256 endTime);

    event AuctionSettled(uint256 indexed nounId, address winner, uint256 amount);

    event AuctionTimeBufferUpdated(uint256 timeBuffer);

    event AuctionReservePriceUpdated(uint256 reservePrice);

    event AuctionMinBidIncrementPercentageUpdated(uint256 minBidIncrementPercentage);

    function settleAuction() external;

    function settleCurrentAndCreateNewAuction() external;

    function createBid(uint256 nounId) external payable;

    function pause() external;

    function unpause() external;

    function setTimeBuffer(uint256 timeBuffer) external;

    function setReservePrice(uint256 reservePrice) external;

    function setMinBidIncrementPercentage(uint8 minBidIncrementPercentage) external;
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/INounsSeeder.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for NounsSeeder

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

import { INounsDescriptorMinimal } from './INounsDescriptorMinimal.sol';

interface INounsSeeder {
    struct Seed {
        uint48 background;
        uint48 body;
        uint48 accessory;
        uint48 head;
        uint48 glasses;
    }

    function generateSeed(uint256 nounId, INounsDescriptorMinimal descriptor) external view returns (Seed memory);
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/ISVGRenderer.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for SVGRenderer

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

interface ISVGRenderer {
    struct Part {
        bytes image;
        bytes palette;
    }

    struct SVGParams {
        Part[] parts;
        string background;
    }

    function generateSVG(SVGParams memory params) external view returns (string memory svg);

    function generateSVGPart(Part memory part) external view returns (string memory partialSVG);

    function generateSVGParts(Part[] memory parts) external view returns (string memory partialSVG);
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/INounsArt.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for NounsArt

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

import { Inflate } from '../libs/Inflate.sol';
import { IInflator } from './IInflator.sol';

interface INounsArt {
    error SenderIsNotDescriptor();

    error EmptyPalette();

    error BadPaletteLength();

    error EmptyBytes();

    error BadDecompressedLength();

    error BadImageCount();

    error ImageNotFound();

    error PaletteNotFound();

    event DescriptorUpdated(address oldDescriptor, address newDescriptor);

    event InflatorUpdated(address oldInflator, address newInflator);

    event BackgroundsAdded(uint256 count);

    event PaletteSet(uint8 paletteIndex);

    event BodiesAdded(uint16 count);

    event AccessoriesAdded(uint16 count);

    event HeadsAdded(uint16 count);

    event GlassesAdded(uint16 count);

    struct NounArtStoragePage {
        uint16 imageCount;
        uint80 decompressedLength;
        address pointer;
    }

    struct Trait {
        NounArtStoragePage[] storagePages;
        uint256 storedImagesCount;
    }

    function descriptor() external view returns (address);

    function inflator() external view returns (IInflator);

    function setDescriptor(address descriptor) external;

    function setInflator(IInflator inflator) external;

    function addManyBackgrounds(string[] calldata _backgrounds) external;

    function addBackground(string calldata _background) external;

    function palettes(uint8 paletteIndex) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function setPalette(uint8 paletteIndex, bytes calldata palette) external;

    function addBodies(
        bytes calldata encodedCompressed,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function addAccessories(
        bytes calldata encodedCompressed,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function addHeads(
        bytes calldata encodedCompressed,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function addGlasses(
        bytes calldata encodedCompressed,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function addBodiesFromPointer(
        address pointer,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function setPalettePointer(uint8 paletteIndex, address pointer) external;

    function addAccessoriesFromPointer(
        address pointer,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function addHeadsFromPointer(
        address pointer,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function addGlassesFromPointer(
        address pointer,
        uint80 decompressedLength,
        uint16 imageCount
    ) external;

    function backgroundsCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function backgrounds(uint256 index) external view returns (string memory);

    function heads(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function bodies(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function accessories(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function glasses(uint256 index) external view returns (bytes memory);

    function getBodiesTrait() external view returns (Trait memory);

    function getAccessoriesTrait() external view returns (Trait memory);

    function getHeadsTrait() external view returns (Trait memory);

    function getGlassesTrait() external view returns (Trait memory);
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/libs/Inflate.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

/// @notice Based on https://github.com/madler/zlib/blob/master/contrib/puff
/// @dev Modified the original code for gas optimizations
/// 1. Disable overflow/underflow checks
/// 2. Chunk some loop iterations
library Inflate {
    // Maximum bits in a code
    uint256 constant MAXBITS = 15;
    // Maximum number of literal/length codes
    uint256 constant MAXLCODES = 286;
    // Maximum number of distance codes
    uint256 constant MAXDCODES = 30;
    // Maximum codes lengths to read
    uint256 constant MAXCODES = (MAXLCODES + MAXDCODES);
    // Number of fixed literal/length codes
    uint256 constant FIXLCODES = 288;

    // Error codes
    enum ErrorCode {
        ERR_NONE, // 0 successful inflate
        ERR_NOT_TERMINATED, // 1 available inflate data did not terminate
        ERR_OUTPUT_EXHAUSTED, // 2 output space exhausted before completing inflate
        ERR_INVALID_BLOCK_TYPE, // 3 invalid block type (type == 3)
        ERR_STORED_LENGTH_NO_MATCH, // 4 stored block length did not match one's complement
        ERR_TOO_MANY_LENGTH_OR_DISTANCE_CODES, // 5 dynamic block code description: too many length or distance codes
        ERR_CODE_LENGTHS_CODES_INCOMPLETE, // 6 dynamic block code description: code lengths codes incomplete
        ERR_REPEAT_NO_FIRST_LENGTH, // 7 dynamic block code description: repeat lengths with no first length
        ERR_REPEAT_MORE, // 8 dynamic block code description: repeat more than specified lengths
        ERR_INVALID_LITERAL_LENGTH_CODE_LENGTHS, // 9 dynamic block code description: invalid literal/length code lengths
        ERR_INVALID_DISTANCE_CODE_LENGTHS, // 10 dynamic block code description: invalid distance code lengths
        ERR_MISSING_END_OF_BLOCK, // 11 dynamic block code description: missing end-of-block code
        ERR_INVALID_LENGTH_OR_DISTANCE_CODE, // 12 invalid literal/length or distance code in fixed or dynamic block
        ERR_DISTANCE_TOO_FAR, // 13 distance is too far back in fixed or dynamic block
        ERR_CONSTRUCT // 14 internal: error in construct()
    }

    // Input and output state
    struct State {
        //////////////////
        // Output state //
        //////////////////
        // Output buffer
        bytes output;
        // Bytes written to out so far
        uint256 outcnt;
        /////////////////
        // Input state //
        /////////////////
        // Input buffer
        bytes input;
        // Bytes read so far
        uint256 incnt;
        ////////////////
        // Temp state //
        ////////////////
        // Bit buffer
        uint256 bitbuf;
        // Number of bits in bit buffer
        uint256 bitcnt;
        //////////////////////////
        // Static Huffman codes //
        //////////////////////////
        Huffman lencode;
        Huffman distcode;
    }

    // Huffman code decoding tables
    struct Huffman {
        uint256[] counts;
        uint256[] symbols;
    }

    function bits(State memory s, uint256 need) private pure returns (ErrorCode, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Bit accumulator (can use up to 20 bits)
            uint256 val;

            // Load at least need bits into val
            val = s.bitbuf;
            while (s.bitcnt < need) {
                if (s.incnt == s.input.length) {
                    // Out of input
                    return (ErrorCode.ERR_NOT_TERMINATED, 0);
                }

                // Load eight bits
                val |= uint256(uint8(s.input[s.incnt++])) << s.bitcnt;
                s.bitcnt += 8;
            }

            // Drop need bits and update buffer, always zero to seven bits left
            s.bitbuf = val >> need;
            s.bitcnt -= need;

            // Return need bits, zeroing the bits above that
            uint256 ret = (val & ((1 << need) - 1));
            return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, ret);
        }
    }

    function _stored(State memory s) private pure returns (ErrorCode) {
        unchecked {
            // Length of stored block
            uint256 len;

            // Discard leftover bits from current byte (assumes s.bitcnt < 8)
            s.bitbuf = 0;
            s.bitcnt = 0;

            // Get length and check against its one's complement
            if (s.incnt + 4 > s.input.length) {
                // Not enough input
                return ErrorCode.ERR_NOT_TERMINATED;
            }
            len = uint256(uint8(s.input[s.incnt++]));
            len |= uint256(uint8(s.input[s.incnt++])) << 8;

            if (uint8(s.input[s.incnt++]) != (~len & 0xFF) || uint8(s.input[s.incnt++]) != ((~len >> 8) & 0xFF)) {
                // Didn't match complement!
                return ErrorCode.ERR_STORED_LENGTH_NO_MATCH;
            }

            // Copy len bytes from in to out
            if (s.incnt + len > s.input.length) {
                // Not enough input
                return ErrorCode.ERR_NOT_TERMINATED;
            }
            if (s.outcnt + len > s.output.length) {
                // Not enough output space
                return ErrorCode.ERR_OUTPUT_EXHAUSTED;
            }
            while (len != 0) {
                // Note: Solidity reverts on underflow, so we decrement here
                len -= 1;
                s.output[s.outcnt++] = s.input[s.incnt++];
            }

            // Done with a valid stored block
            return ErrorCode.ERR_NONE;
        }
    }

    function _decode(State memory s, Huffman memory h) private pure returns (ErrorCode, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Current number of bits in code
            uint256 len;
            // Len bits being decoded
            uint256 code = 0;
            // First code of length len
            uint256 first = 0;
            // Number of codes of length len
            uint256 count;
            // Index of first code of length len in symbol table
            uint256 index = 0;
            // Error code
            ErrorCode err;

            uint256 tempCode;
            for (len = 1; len <= MAXBITS; len += 5) {
                // Get next bit
                (err, tempCode) = bits(s, 1);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, 0);
                }
                code |= tempCode;
                count = h.counts[len];

                // If length len, return symbol
                if (code < first + count) {
                    return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, h.symbols[index + (code - first)]);
                }
                // Else update for next length
                index += count;
                first += count;
                first <<= 1;
                code <<= 1;

                // Get next bit
                (err, tempCode) = bits(s, 1);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, 0);
                }
                code |= tempCode;
                count = h.counts[len + 1];

                // If length len, return symbol
                if (code < first + count) {
                    return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, h.symbols[index + (code - first)]);
                }
                // Else update for next length
                index += count;
                first += count;
                first <<= 1;
                code <<= 1;

                // Get next bit
                (err, tempCode) = bits(s, 1);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, 0);
                }
                code |= tempCode;
                count = h.counts[len + 2];

                // If length len, return symbol
                if (code < first + count) {
                    return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, h.symbols[index + (code - first)]);
                }
                // Else update for next length
                index += count;
                first += count;
                first <<= 1;
                code <<= 1;

                // Get next bit
                (err, tempCode) = bits(s, 1);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, 0);
                }
                code |= tempCode;
                count = h.counts[len + 3];

                // If length len, return symbol
                if (code < first + count) {
                    return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, h.symbols[index + (code - first)]);
                }
                // Else update for next length
                index += count;
                first += count;
                first <<= 1;
                code <<= 1;

                // Get next bit
                (err, tempCode) = bits(s, 1);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, 0);
                }
                code |= tempCode;
                count = h.counts[len + 4];

                // If length len, return symbol
                if (code < first + count) {
                    return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, h.symbols[index + (code - first)]);
                }
                // Else update for next length
                index += count;
                first += count;
                first <<= 1;
                code <<= 1;
            }

            // Ran out of codes
            return (ErrorCode.ERR_INVALID_LENGTH_OR_DISTANCE_CODE, 0);
        }
    }

    function _construct(
        Huffman memory h,
        uint256[] memory lengths,
        uint256 n,
        uint256 start
    ) private pure returns (ErrorCode) {
        unchecked {
            // Current symbol when stepping through lengths[]
            uint256 symbol;
            // Current length when stepping through h.counts[]
            uint256 len;
            // Number of possible codes left of current length
            uint256 left;
            // Offsets in symbol table for each length
            uint256[MAXBITS + 1] memory offs;

            // Count number of codes of each length
            for (len = 0; len <= MAXBITS; ++len) {
                h.counts[len] = 0;
            }
            for (symbol = 0; symbol < n; ++symbol) {
                // Assumes lengths are within bounds
                ++h.counts[lengths[start + symbol]];
            }
            // No codes!
            if (h.counts[0] == n) {
                // Complete, but decode() will fail
                return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE);
            }

            // Check for an over-subscribed or incomplete set of lengths

            // One possible code of zero length
            left = 1;

            for (len = 1; len <= MAXBITS; len += 5) {
                // One more bit, double codes left
                left <<= 1;
                if (left < h.counts[len]) {
                    // Over-subscribed--return error
                    return ErrorCode.ERR_CONSTRUCT;
                }
                // Deduct count from possible codes
                left -= h.counts[len];

                // One more bit, double codes left
                left <<= 1;
                if (left < h.counts[len + 1]) {
                    // Over-subscribed--return error
                    return ErrorCode.ERR_CONSTRUCT;
                }
                // Deduct count from possible codes
                left -= h.counts[len + 1];

                // One more bit, double codes left
                left <<= 1;
                if (left < h.counts[len + 2]) {
                    // Over-subscribed--return error
                    return ErrorCode.ERR_CONSTRUCT;
                }
                // Deduct count from possible codes
                left -= h.counts[len + 2];

                // One more bit, double codes left
                left <<= 1;
                if (left < h.counts[len + 3]) {
                    // Over-subscribed--return error
                    return ErrorCode.ERR_CONSTRUCT;
                }
                // Deduct count from possible codes
                left -= h.counts[len + 3];

                // One more bit, double codes left
                left <<= 1;
                if (left < h.counts[len + 4]) {
                    // Over-subscribed--return error
                    return ErrorCode.ERR_CONSTRUCT;
                }
                // Deduct count from possible codes
                left -= h.counts[len + 4];
            }

            // Generate offsets into symbol table for each length for sorting
            offs[1] = 0;
            for (len = 1; len < MAXBITS; ++len) {
                offs[len + 1] = offs[len] + h.counts[len];
            }

            // Put symbols in table sorted by length, by symbol order within each length
            for (symbol = 0; symbol < n; ++symbol) {
                if (lengths[start + symbol] != 0) {
                    h.symbols[offs[lengths[start + symbol]]++] = symbol;
                }
            }

            // Left > 0 means incomplete
            return left > 0 ? ErrorCode.ERR_CONSTRUCT : ErrorCode.ERR_NONE;
        }
    }

    function _codes(
        State memory s,
        Huffman memory lencode,
        Huffman memory distcode
    ) private pure returns (ErrorCode) {
        unchecked {
            // Decoded symbol
            uint256 symbol;
            // Length for copy
            uint256 len;
            // Distance for copy
            uint256 dist;
            // TODO Solidity doesn't support constant arrays, but these are fixed at compile-time
            // Size base for length codes 257..285
            uint16[29] memory lens = [
                3,
                4,
                5,
                6,
                7,
                8,
                9,
                10,
                11,
                13,
                15,
                17,
                19,
                23,
                27,
                31,
                35,
                43,
                51,
                59,
                67,
                83,
                99,
                115,
                131,
                163,
                195,
                227,
                258
            ];
            // Extra bits for length codes 257..285
            uint8[29] memory lext = [
                0,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                1,
                1,
                1,
                1,
                2,
                2,
                2,
                2,
                3,
                3,
                3,
                3,
                4,
                4,
                4,
                4,
                5,
                5,
                5,
                5,
                0
            ];
            // Offset base for distance codes 0..29
            uint16[30] memory dists = [
                1,
                2,
                3,
                4,
                5,
                7,
                9,
                13,
                17,
                25,
                33,
                49,
                65,
                97,
                129,
                193,
                257,
                385,
                513,
                769,
                1025,
                1537,
                2049,
                3073,
                4097,
                6145,
                8193,
                12289,
                16385,
                24577
            ];
            // Extra bits for distance codes 0..29
            uint8[30] memory dext = [
                0,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                1,
                1,
                2,
                2,
                3,
                3,
                4,
                4,
                5,
                5,
                6,
                6,
                7,
                7,
                8,
                8,
                9,
                9,
                10,
                10,
                11,
                11,
                12,
                12,
                13,
                13
            ];
            // Error code
            ErrorCode err;

            // Decode literals and length/distance pairs
            while (symbol != 256) {
                (err, symbol) = _decode(s, lencode);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    // Invalid symbol
                    return err;
                }

                if (symbol < 256) {
                    // Literal: symbol is the byte
                    // Write out the literal
                    if (s.outcnt == s.output.length) {
                        return ErrorCode.ERR_OUTPUT_EXHAUSTED;
                    }
                    s.output[s.outcnt] = bytes1(uint8(symbol));
                    ++s.outcnt;
                } else if (symbol > 256) {
                    uint256 tempBits;
                    // Length
                    // Get and compute length
                    symbol -= 257;
                    if (symbol >= 29) {
                        // Invalid fixed code
                        return ErrorCode.ERR_INVALID_LENGTH_OR_DISTANCE_CODE;
                    }

                    (err, tempBits) = bits(s, lext[symbol]);
                    if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    len = lens[symbol] + tempBits;

                    // Get and check distance
                    (err, symbol) = _decode(s, distcode);
                    if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                        // Invalid symbol
                        return err;
                    }
                    (err, tempBits) = bits(s, dext[symbol]);
                    if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                        return err;
                    }
                    dist = dists[symbol] + tempBits;
                    if (dist > s.outcnt) {
                        // Distance too far back
                        return ErrorCode.ERR_DISTANCE_TOO_FAR;
                    }

                    // Copy length bytes from distance bytes back
                    if (s.outcnt + len > s.output.length) {
                        return ErrorCode.ERR_OUTPUT_EXHAUSTED;
                    }
                    while (len != 0) {
                        // Note: Solidity reverts on underflow, so we decrement here
                        len -= 1;
                        s.output[s.outcnt] = s.output[s.outcnt - dist];
                        ++s.outcnt;
                    }
                } else {
                    s.outcnt += len;
                }
            }

            // Done with a valid fixed or dynamic block
            return ErrorCode.ERR_NONE;
        }
    }

    function _build_fixed(State memory s) private pure returns (ErrorCode) {
        unchecked {
            // Build fixed Huffman tables
            // TODO this is all a compile-time constant
            uint256 symbol;
            uint256[] memory lengths = new uint256[](FIXLCODES);

            // Literal/length table
            for (symbol = 0; symbol < 144; ++symbol) {
                lengths[symbol] = 8;
            }
            for (; symbol < 256; ++symbol) {
                lengths[symbol] = 9;
            }
            for (; symbol < 280; ++symbol) {
                lengths[symbol] = 7;
            }
            for (; symbol < FIXLCODES; ++symbol) {
                lengths[symbol] = 8;
            }

            _construct(s.lencode, lengths, FIXLCODES, 0);

            // Distance table
            for (symbol = 0; symbol < MAXDCODES; ++symbol) {
                lengths[symbol] = 5;
            }

            _construct(s.distcode, lengths, MAXDCODES, 0);

            return ErrorCode.ERR_NONE;
        }
    }

    function _fixed(State memory s) private pure returns (ErrorCode) {
        unchecked {
            // Decode data until end-of-block code
            return _codes(s, s.lencode, s.distcode);
        }
    }

    function _build_dynamic_lengths(State memory s) private pure returns (ErrorCode, uint256[] memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 ncode;
            // Index of lengths[]
            uint256 index;
            // Descriptor code lengths
            uint256[] memory lengths = new uint256[](MAXCODES);
            // Error code
            ErrorCode err;
            // Permutation of code length codes
            uint8[19] memory order = [16, 17, 18, 0, 8, 7, 9, 6, 10, 5, 11, 4, 12, 3, 13, 2, 14, 1, 15];

            (err, ncode) = bits(s, 4);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                return (err, lengths);
            }
            ncode += 4;

            // Read code length code lengths (really), missing lengths are zero
            for (index = 0; index < ncode; ++index) {
                (err, lengths[order[index]]) = bits(s, 3);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, lengths);
                }
            }
            for (; index < 19; ++index) {
                lengths[order[index]] = 0;
            }

            return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, lengths);
        }
    }

    function _build_dynamic(State memory s)
        private
        pure
        returns (
            ErrorCode,
            Huffman memory,
            Huffman memory
        )
    {
        unchecked {
            // Number of lengths in descriptor
            uint256 nlen;
            uint256 ndist;
            // Index of lengths[]
            uint256 index;
            // Error code
            ErrorCode err;
            // Descriptor code lengths
            uint256[] memory lengths = new uint256[](MAXCODES);
            // Length and distance codes
            Huffman memory lencode = Huffman(new uint256[](MAXBITS + 1), new uint256[](MAXLCODES));
            Huffman memory distcode = Huffman(new uint256[](MAXBITS + 1), new uint256[](MAXDCODES));
            uint256 tempBits;

            // Get number of lengths in each table, check lengths
            (err, nlen) = bits(s, 5);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                return (err, lencode, distcode);
            }
            nlen += 257;
            (err, ndist) = bits(s, 5);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                return (err, lencode, distcode);
            }
            ndist += 1;

            if (nlen > MAXLCODES || ndist > MAXDCODES) {
                // Bad counts
                return (ErrorCode.ERR_TOO_MANY_LENGTH_OR_DISTANCE_CODES, lencode, distcode);
            }

            (err, lengths) = _build_dynamic_lengths(s);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                return (err, lencode, distcode);
            }

            // Build huffman table for code lengths codes (use lencode temporarily)
            err = _construct(lencode, lengths, 19, 0);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                // Require complete code set here
                return (ErrorCode.ERR_CODE_LENGTHS_CODES_INCOMPLETE, lencode, distcode);
            }

            // Read length/literal and distance code length tables
            index = 0;
            while (index < nlen + ndist) {
                // Decoded value
                uint256 symbol;
                // Last length to repeat
                uint256 len;

                (err, symbol) = _decode(s, lencode);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    // Invalid symbol
                    return (err, lencode, distcode);
                }

                if (symbol < 16) {
                    // Length in 0..15
                    lengths[index++] = symbol;
                } else {
                    // Repeat instruction
                    // Assume repeating zeros
                    len = 0;
                    if (symbol == 16) {
                        // Repeat last length 3..6 times
                        if (index == 0) {
                            // No last length!
                            return (ErrorCode.ERR_REPEAT_NO_FIRST_LENGTH, lencode, distcode);
                        }
                        // Last length
                        len = lengths[index - 1];
                        (err, tempBits) = bits(s, 2);
                        if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                            return (err, lencode, distcode);
                        }
                        symbol = 3 + tempBits;
                    } else if (symbol == 17) {
                        // Repeat zero 3..10 times
                        (err, tempBits) = bits(s, 3);
                        if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                            return (err, lencode, distcode);
                        }
                        symbol = 3 + tempBits;
                    } else {
                        // == 18, repeat zero 11..138 times
                        (err, tempBits) = bits(s, 7);
                        if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                            return (err, lencode, distcode);
                        }
                        symbol = 11 + tempBits;
                    }

                    if (index + symbol > nlen + ndist) {
                        // Too many lengths!
                        return (ErrorCode.ERR_REPEAT_MORE, lencode, distcode);
                    }
                    while (symbol != 0) {
                        // Note: Solidity reverts on underflow, so we decrement here
                        symbol -= 1;

                        // Repeat last or zero symbol times
                        lengths[index++] = len;
                    }
                }
            }

            // Check for end-of-block code -- there better be one!
            if (lengths[256] == 0) {
                return (ErrorCode.ERR_MISSING_END_OF_BLOCK, lencode, distcode);
            }

            // Build huffman table for literal/length codes
            err = _construct(lencode, lengths, nlen, 0);
            if (
                err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE &&
                (err == ErrorCode.ERR_NOT_TERMINATED ||
                    err == ErrorCode.ERR_OUTPUT_EXHAUSTED ||
                    nlen != lencode.counts[0] + lencode.counts[1])
            ) {
                // Incomplete code ok only for single length 1 code
                return (ErrorCode.ERR_INVALID_LITERAL_LENGTH_CODE_LENGTHS, lencode, distcode);
            }

            // Build huffman table for distance codes
            err = _construct(distcode, lengths, ndist, nlen);
            if (
                err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE &&
                (err == ErrorCode.ERR_NOT_TERMINATED ||
                    err == ErrorCode.ERR_OUTPUT_EXHAUSTED ||
                    ndist != distcode.counts[0] + distcode.counts[1])
            ) {
                // Incomplete code ok only for single length 1 code
                return (ErrorCode.ERR_INVALID_DISTANCE_CODE_LENGTHS, lencode, distcode);
            }

            return (ErrorCode.ERR_NONE, lencode, distcode);
        }
    }

    function _dynamic(State memory s) private pure returns (ErrorCode) {
        unchecked {
            // Length and distance codes
            Huffman memory lencode;
            Huffman memory distcode;
            // Error code
            ErrorCode err;

            (err, lencode, distcode) = _build_dynamic(s);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                return err;
            }

            // Decode data until end-of-block code
            return _codes(s, lencode, distcode);
        }
    }

    function puff(bytes memory source, uint256 destlen) internal pure returns (ErrorCode, bytes memory) {
        unchecked {
            // Input/output state
            State memory s = State(
                new bytes(destlen),
                0,
                source,
                0,
                0,
                0,
                Huffman(new uint256[](MAXBITS + 1), new uint256[](FIXLCODES)),
                Huffman(new uint256[](MAXBITS + 1), new uint256[](MAXDCODES))
            );
            // Temp: last bit
            uint256 last;
            // Temp: block type bit
            uint256 t;
            // Error code
            ErrorCode err;

            // Build fixed Huffman tables
            err = _build_fixed(s);
            if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                return (err, s.output);
            }

            // Process blocks until last block or error
            while (last == 0) {
                // One if last block
                (err, last) = bits(s, 1);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, s.output);
                }

                // Block type 0..3
                (err, t) = bits(s, 2);
                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    return (err, s.output);
                }

                err = (
                    t == 0
                        ? _stored(s)
                        : (t == 1 ? _fixed(s) : (t == 2 ? _dynamic(s) : ErrorCode.ERR_INVALID_BLOCK_TYPE))
                );
                // type == 3, invalid

                if (err != ErrorCode.ERR_NONE) {
                    // Return with error
                    break;
                }
            }

            return (err, s.output);
        }
    }
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/IInflator.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Interface for Inflator

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

import { Inflate } from '../libs/Inflate.sol';

interface IInflator {
    function puff(bytes memory source, uint256 destlen) external pure returns (Inflate.ErrorCode, bytes memory);
}

// File: nouns-contracts/NounsDescriptorV2/contracts/interfaces/INounsDescriptorMinimal.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0

/// @title Common interface for NounsDescriptor versions, as used by NounsToken and NounsSeeder.

/*********************************
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██████░░░████████░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░██░░██░░░████░░██░░░████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░█████████░░█████████░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 * ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ *
 *********************************/

pragma solidity ^0.8.6;

import { INounsSeeder } from './INounsSeeder.sol';

interface INounsDescriptorMinimal {
    ///
    /// USED BY TOKEN
    ///

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId, INounsSeeder.Seed memory seed) external view returns (string memory);

    function dataURI(uint256 tokenId, INounsSeeder.Seed memory seed) external view returns (string memory);

    ///
    /// USED BY SEEDER
    ///

    function backgroundCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function bodyCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function accessoryCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function headCount() external view returns (uint256);

    function glassesCount() external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: erc721a/contracts/IERC721A.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// ERC721A Contracts v4.2.3
// Creator: Chiru Labs

pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

/**
 * @dev Interface of ERC721A.
 */
interface IERC721A {
    /**
     * The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     */
    error ApprovalCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();

    /**
     * The token does not exist.
     */
    error ApprovalQueryForNonexistentToken();

    /**
     * Cannot query the balance for the zero address.
     */
    error BalanceQueryForZeroAddress();

    /**
     * Cannot mint to the zero address.
     */
    error MintToZeroAddress();

    /**
     * The quantity of tokens minted must be more than zero.
     */
    error MintZeroQuantity();

    /**
     * The token does not exist.
     */
    error OwnerQueryForNonexistentToken();

    /**
     * The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     */
    error TransferCallerNotOwnerNorApproved();

    /**
     * The token must be owned by `from`.
     */
    error TransferFromIncorrectOwner();

    /**
     * Cannot safely transfer to a contract that does not implement the
     * ERC721Receiver interface.
     */
    error TransferToNonERC721ReceiverImplementer();

    /**
     * Cannot transfer to the zero address.
     */
    error TransferToZeroAddress();

    /**
     * The token does not exist.
     */
    error URIQueryForNonexistentToken();

    /**
     * The `quantity` minted with ERC2309 exceeds the safety limit.
     */
    error MintERC2309QuantityExceedsLimit();

    /**
     * The `extraData` cannot be set on an unintialized ownership slot.
     */
    error OwnershipNotInitializedForExtraData();

    // =============================================================
    //                            STRUCTS
    // =============================================================

    struct TokenOwnership {
        // The address of the owner.
        address addr;
        // Stores the start time of ownership with minimal overhead for tokenomics.
        uint64 startTimestamp;
        // Whether the token has been burned.
        bool burned;
        // Arbitrary data similar to `startTimestamp` that can be set via {_extraData}.
        uint24 extraData;
    }

    // =============================================================
    //                         TOKEN COUNTERS
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total number of tokens in existence.
     * Burned tokens will reduce the count.
     * To get the total number of tokens minted, please see {_totalMinted}.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    // =============================================================
    //                            IERC165
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * [EIP section](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified)
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);

    // =============================================================
    //                            IERC721
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables
     * (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in `owner`'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`,
     * checking first that contract recipients are aware of the ERC721 protocol
     * to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move
     * this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement
     * {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external payable;

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to `safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, '')`.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external payable;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom}
     * whenever possible.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token
     * by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external payable;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the
     * zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external payable;

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom}
     * for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    // =============================================================
    //                        IERC721Metadata
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);

    // =============================================================
    //                           IERC2309
    // =============================================================

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when tokens in `fromTokenId` to `toTokenId`
     * (inclusive) is transferred from `from` to `to`, as defined in the
     * [ERC2309](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2309) standard.
     *
     * See {_mintERC2309} for more details.
     */
    event ConsecutiveTransfer(uint256 indexed fromTokenId, uint256 toTokenId, address indexed from, address indexed to);
}

// File: erc721a/contracts/extensions/IERC721AQueryable.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// ERC721A Contracts v4.2.3
// Creator: Chiru Labs

pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import '../IERC721A.sol';

/**
 * @dev Interface of ERC721AQueryable.
 */
interface IERC721AQueryable is IERC721A {
    /**
     * Invalid query range (`start` >= `stop`).
     */
    error InvalidQueryRange();

    /**
     * @dev Returns the `TokenOwnership` struct at `tokenId` without reverting.
     *
     * If the `tokenId` is out of bounds:
     *
     * - `addr = address(0)`
     * - `startTimestamp = 0`
     * - `burned = false`
     * - `extraData = 0`
     *
     * If the `tokenId` is burned:
     *
     * - `addr = <Address of owner before token was burned>`
     * - `startTimestamp = <Timestamp when token was burned>`
     * - `burned = true`
     * - `extraData = <Extra data when token was burned>`
     *
     * Otherwise:
     *
     * - `addr = <Address of owner>`
     * - `startTimestamp = <Timestamp of start of ownership>`
     * - `burned = false`
     * - `extraData = <Extra data at start of ownership>`
     */
    function explicitOwnershipOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (TokenOwnership memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns an array of `TokenOwnership` structs at `tokenIds` in order.
     * See {ERC721AQueryable-explicitOwnershipOf}
     */
    function explicitOwnershipsOf(uint256[] memory tokenIds) external view returns (TokenOwnership[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns an array of token IDs owned by `owner`,
     * in the range [`start`, `stop`)
     * (i.e. `start <= tokenId < stop`).
     *
     * This function allows for tokens to be queried if the collection
     * grows too big for a single call of {ERC721AQueryable-tokensOfOwner}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `start < stop`
     */
    function tokensOfOwnerIn(
        address owner,
        uint256 start,
        uint256 stop
    ) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns an array of token IDs owned by `owner`.
     *
     * This function scans the ownership mapping and is O(`totalSupply`) in complexity.
     * It is meant to be called off-chain.
     *
     * See {ERC721AQueryable-tokensOfOwnerIn} for splitting the scan into
     * multiple smaller scans if the collection is large enough to cause
     * an out-of-gas error (10K collections should be fine).
     */
    function tokensOfOwner(address owner) external view returns (uint256[] memory);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.3) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 'v' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }
        if (v != 27 && v != 28) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hash));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x01", domainSeparator, structHash));
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}