// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    function safeTransfer(
        IERC20 token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        IERC20 token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    function safeIncreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    function safeDecreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    }

    function safePermit(
        IERC20Permit token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // Return data is optional
            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1);

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator,
        Rounding rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10**64) {
                value /= 10**64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10**32) {
                value /= 10**32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10**16) {
                value /= 10**16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10**8) {
                value /= 10**8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10**4) {
                value /= 10**4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10**2) {
                value /= 10**2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10**1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10**result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result * 8) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (utils/math/SafeMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

// CAUTION
// This version of SafeMath should only be used with Solidity 0.8 or later,
// because it relies on the compiler's built in overflow checks.

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations.
 *
 * NOTE: `SafeMath` is generally not needed starting with Solidity 0.8, since the compiler
 * now has built in overflow checking.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a + b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a - b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a * b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a / b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * reverting when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a % b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {trySub}.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(
        uint256 a,
        uint256 b,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            require(b <= a, errorMessage);
            return a - b;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(
        uint256 a,
        uint256 b,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            require(b > 0, errorMessage);
            return a / b;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * reverting with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * CAUTION: This function is deprecated because it requires allocating memory for the error
     * message unnecessarily. For custom revert reasons use {tryMod}.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(
        uint256 a,
        uint256 b,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            require(b > 0, errorMessage);
            return a % b;
        }
    }
}

// File: contracts/strategy/BaseStrategy.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {SafeMath} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol";

import {VaultAPI} from "../../interfaces/vault/VaultAPI.sol";

library StrategyLib {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    function internalHarvestTrigger(
        address vault,
        address strategy,
        uint256 callCost,
        uint256 minReportDelay,
        uint256 maxReportDelay,
        uint256 debtThreshold,
        uint256 profitFactor
    ) public view returns (bool) {
        StrategyParams memory params = VaultAPI(vault).strategies(strategy);
        // Should not trigger if Strategy is not activated
        if (params.activation == 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // Should not trigger if we haven't waited long enough since previous harvest
        if (block.timestamp.sub(params.lastReport) < minReportDelay) return false;

        // Should trigger if hasn't been called in a while
        if (block.timestamp.sub(params.lastReport) >= maxReportDelay) return true;

        // If some amount is owed, pay it back
        // NOTE: Since debt is based on deposits, it makes sense to guard against large
        //       changes to the value from triggering a harvest directly through user
        //       behavior. This should ensure reasonable resistance to manipulation
        //       from user-initiated withdrawals as the outstanding debt fluctuates.
        uint256 outstanding = VaultAPI(vault).debtOutstanding();

        if (outstanding > debtThreshold) return true;

        // Check for profits and losses
        uint256 total = StrategyAPI(strategy).estimatedTotalAssets();

        // Trigger if we have a loss to report
        if (total.add(debtThreshold) < params.totalDebt) return true;

        uint256 profit = 0;
        if (total > params.totalDebt) profit = total.sub(params.totalDebt);
        // We've earned a profit!

        // Otherwise, only trigger if it "makes sense" economically (gas cost
        // is <N% of value moved)
        uint256 credit = VaultAPI(vault).creditAvailable();
        return (profitFactor.mul(callCost) < credit.add(profit));
    }

    function internalSetRewards(
        address oldRewards,
        address newRewards,
        address vault
    ) public {
        require(newRewards != address(0));
        VaultAPI(vault).approve(oldRewards, 0);
        VaultAPI(vault).approve(newRewards, type(uint256).max);
    }
}

// File: StrategyLib.sol

struct StrategyParams {
    uint256 performanceFee;
    uint256 activation;
    uint256 debtRatio;
    uint256 minDebtPerHarvest;
    uint256 maxDebtPerHarvest;
    uint256 lastReport;
    uint256 totalDebt;
    uint256 totalGain;
    uint256 totalLoss;
}

/**
 * This interface is here for the keeper bot to use.
 */
interface StrategyAPI {
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    function vault() external view returns (address);

    function want() external view returns (address);

    function apiVersion() external pure returns (string memory);

    function keeper() external view returns (address);

    function isActive() external view returns (bool);

    function delegatedAssets() external view returns (uint256);

    function estimatedTotalAssets() external view returns (uint256);

    function tendTrigger(uint256 callCost) external view returns (bool);

    function tend() external;

    function harvestTrigger(uint256 callCost) external view returns (bool);

    function harvest() external;

    event Harvested(uint256 profit, uint256 loss, uint256 debtPayment, uint256 debtOutstanding);
}

/**
 * @title Base Strategy
 * @author Everbloom
 * @notice
 *  BaseStrategy implements all of the required functionality to interoperate
 *  closely with the Vault contract. This contract should be inherited and the
 *  abstract methods implemented to adapt the Strategy to the particular needs
 *  it has to create a return.
 *
 *  Of special interest is the relationship between `harvest()` and
 *  `vault.report()'. `harvest()` may be called simply because enough time has
 *  elapsed since the last report, and not because any funds need to be moved
 *  or positions adjusted. This is critical so that the Vault may maintain an
 *  accurate picture of the Strategy's performance. See  `vault.report()`,
 *  `harvest()`, and `harvestTrigger()` for further details.
 */

abstract contract BaseStrategy {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    string public metadataURI;

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to track which version of `StrategyAPI` this Strategy
     *  implements.
     * @dev The Strategy's version must match the Vault's `API_VERSION`.
     * @return A string which holds the current API version of this contract.
     */
    function apiVersion() public pure returns (string memory) {
        return "0.4.3";
    }

    /**
     * @notice This Strategy's name.
     * @dev
     *  You can use this field to manage the "version" of this Strategy, e.g.
     *  `StrategySomethingOrOtherV1`. However, "API Version" is managed by
     *  `apiVersion()` function above.
     * @return This Strategy's name.
     */
    function name() external view virtual returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice
     *  The amount (priced in want) of the total assets managed by this strategy should not count
     *  towards TVL calculations.
     * @dev
     *  You can override this field to set it to a non-zero value if some of the assets of this
     *  Strategy is somehow delegated inside another part of the ecosystem e.g. another Vault.
     *  Note that this value must be strictly less than or equal to the amount provided by
     *  `estimatedTotalAssets()` below, as the TVL calc will be total assets minus delegated assets.
     *  Also note that this value is used to determine the total assets under management by this
     *  strategy, for the purposes of computing the management fee in `Vault`
     * @return
     *  The amount of assets this strategy manages that should not be included in Total Value
     *  Locked (TVL) calculation across it's ecosystem.
     */
    function delegatedAssets() external view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    VaultAPI public vault;
    address public strategist;
    address public rewards;
    address public keeper;

    IERC20 public want;

    // So indexers can keep track of this
    event Harvested(uint256 profit, uint256 loss, uint256 debtPayment, uint256 debtOutstanding);

    event UpdatedStrategist(address newStrategist);

    event UpdatedKeeper(address newKeeper);

    event UpdatedRewards(address rewards);

    event UpdatedMinReportDelay(uint256 delay);

    event UpdatedMaxReportDelay(uint256 delay);

    event UpdatedProfitFactor(uint256 profitFactor);

    event UpdatedDebtThreshold(uint256 debtThreshold);

    event EmergencyExitEnabled();

    event UpdatedMetadataURI(string metadataURI);

    // The minimum number of seconds between harvest calls. See
    // `setMinReportDelay()` for more details.
    uint256 public minReportDelay;

    // The maximum number of seconds between harvest calls. See
    // `setMaxReportDelay()` for more details.
    uint256 public maxReportDelay;

    // The minimum multiple that `callCost` must be above the credit/profit to
    // be "justifiable". See `setProfitFactor()` for more details.
    uint256 public profitFactor;

    // Use this to adjust the threshold at which running a debt causes a
    // harvest trigger. See `setDebtThreshold()` for more details.
    uint256 public debtThreshold;

    // See note on `setEmergencyExit()`.
    bool public emergencyExit;

    // modifiers
    modifier onlyAuthorized() {
        _onlyAuthorized();
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyEmergencyAuthorized() {
        _onlyEmergencyAuthorized();
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyStrategist() {
        _onlyStrategist();
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyGovernance() {
        _onlyGovernance();
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyRewarder() {
        _onlyRewarder();
        _;
    }

    modifier onlyKeepers() {
        _onlyKeepers();
        _;
    }

    function _onlyAuthorized() internal view {
        require(msg.sender == strategist || msg.sender == _governance());
    }

    function _onlyEmergencyAuthorized() internal view {
        require(
            msg.sender == strategist ||
                msg.sender == _governance() ||
                msg.sender == vault.guardian() ||
                msg.sender == vault.management()
        );
    }

    function _onlyStrategist() internal view {
        require(msg.sender == strategist);
    }

    function _onlyGovernance() internal view {
        require(msg.sender == _governance());
    }

    function _onlyRewarder() internal view {
        require(msg.sender == _governance() || msg.sender == strategist);
    }

    function _onlyKeepers() internal view {
        require(
            msg.sender == keeper ||
                msg.sender == strategist ||
                msg.sender == _governance() ||
                msg.sender == vault.guardian() ||
                msg.sender == vault.management()
        );
    }

    constructor(address _vault) {
        _initialize(_vault, msg.sender, msg.sender, msg.sender);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Initializes the Strategy, this is called only once, when the
     *  contract is deployed.
     * @dev `_vault` should implement `VaultAPI`.
     * @param _vault The address of the Vault responsible for this Strategy.
     * @param _strategist The address to assign as `strategist`.
     * The strategist is able to change the reward address
     * @param _rewards  The address to use for pulling rewards.
     * @param _keeper The adddress of the _keeper. _keeper
     * can harvest and tend a strategy.
     */
    function _initialize(
        address _vault,
        address _strategist,
        address _rewards,
        address _keeper
    ) internal {
        require(address(want) == address(0), "Strategy already initialized");

        vault = VaultAPI(_vault);
        want = IERC20(vault.token());
        SafeERC20.safeApprove(want, _vault, type(uint256).max);
        // Give Vault unlimited access (might save gas)
        strategist = _strategist;
        rewards = _rewards;
        keeper = _keeper;

        // initialize variables
        minReportDelay = 0;
        maxReportDelay = 86400;
        profitFactor = 100;
        debtThreshold = 0;

        vault.approve(rewards, type(uint256).max);
        // Allow rewards to be pulled
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `strategist`.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the existing strategist.
     * @param _strategist The new address to assign as `strategist`.
     */
    function setStrategist(address _strategist) external onlyAuthorized {
        require(_strategist != address(0));
        strategist = _strategist;
        emit UpdatedStrategist(_strategist);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `keeper`.
     *
     *  `keeper` is the only address that may call `tend()` or `harvest()`,
     *  other than `governance()` or `strategist`. However, unlike
     *  `governance()` or `strategist`, `keeper` may *only* call `tend()`
     *  and `harvest()`, and no other authorized functions, following the
     *  principle of least privilege.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @param _keeper The new address to assign as `keeper`.
     */
    function setKeeper(address _keeper) external onlyAuthorized {
        require(_keeper != address(0));
        keeper = _keeper;
        emit UpdatedKeeper(_keeper);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `rewards`. EOA or smart contract which has the permission
     *  to pull rewards from the vault.
     *
     *  This may only be called by the strategist.
     * @param _rewards The address to use for pulling rewards.
     */
    function setRewards(address _rewards) external onlyRewarder {
        address oldRewards = rewards;
        rewards = _rewards;
        StrategyLib.internalSetRewards(oldRewards, _rewards, address(vault));
        emit UpdatedRewards(_rewards);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `minReportDelay`. `minReportDelay` is the minimum number
     *  of blocks that should pass for `harvest()` to be called.
     *
     *  For external keepers (such as the Keep3r network), this is the minimum
     *  time between jobs to wait. (see `harvestTrigger()`
     *  for more details.)
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @param _delay The minimum number of seconds to wait between harvests.
     */
    function setMinReportDelay(uint256 _delay) external onlyAuthorized {
        minReportDelay = _delay;
        emit UpdatedMinReportDelay(_delay);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `maxReportDelay`. `maxReportDelay` is the maximum number
     *  of blocks that should pass for `harvest()` to be called.
     *
     *  For external keepers (such as the Keep3r network), this is the maximum
     *  time between jobs to wait. (see `harvestTrigger()`
     *  for more details.)
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @param _delay The maximum number of seconds to wait between harvests.
     */
    function setMaxReportDelay(uint256 _delay) external onlyAuthorized {
        maxReportDelay = _delay;
        emit UpdatedMaxReportDelay(_delay);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `profitFactor`. `profitFactor` is used to determine
     *  if it's worthwhile to harvest, given gas costs. (See `harvestTrigger()`
     *  for more details.)
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @param _profitFactor A ratio to multiply anticipated
     * `harvest()` gas cost against.
     */
    function setProfitFactor(uint256 _profitFactor) external onlyAuthorized {
        profitFactor = _profitFactor;
        emit UpdatedProfitFactor(_profitFactor);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Sets how far the Strategy can go into loss without a harvest and report
     *  being required.
     *
     *  By default this is 0, meaning any losses would cause a harvest which
     *  will subsequently report the loss to the Vault for tracking. (See
     *  `harvestTrigger()` for more details.)
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @param _debtThreshold How big of a loss this Strategy may carry without
     * being required to report to the Vault.
     */
    function setDebtThreshold(uint256 _debtThreshold) external onlyAuthorized {
        debtThreshold = _debtThreshold;
        emit UpdatedDebtThreshold(_debtThreshold);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Used to change `metadataURI`. `metadataURI` is used to store the URI
     * of the file describing the strategy.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @param _metadataURI The URI that describe the strategy.
     */
    function setMetadataURI(string calldata _metadataURI) external onlyAuthorized {
        metadataURI = _metadataURI;
        emit UpdatedMetadataURI(_metadataURI);
    }

    /**
     * Resolve governance address from Vault contract, used to make assertions
     * on protected functions in the Strategy.
     */
    function _governance() internal view returns (address) {
        return vault.governance();
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Provide an accurate conversion from `_amtInWei` (denominated in wei)
     *  to `want` (using the native decimal characteristics of `want`).
     * @dev
     *  Care must be taken when working with decimals to assure that the conversion
     *  is compatible. As an example:
     *
     *      given 1e17 wei (0.1 ETH) as input, and want is USDC (6 decimals),
     *      with USDC/ETH = 1800, this should give back 180000000 (180 USDC)
     *
     * @param _amtInWei The amount (in wei/1e-18 ETH) to convert to `want`
     * @return The amount in `want` of `_amtInEth` converted to `want`
     **/
    function ethToWant(uint256 _amtInWei) public view virtual returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Provide an accurate estimate for the total amount of assets
     *  (principle + return) that this Strategy is currently managing,
     *  denominated in terms of `want` tokens.
     *
     *  This total should be "realizable" e.g. the total value that could
     *  *actually* be obtained from this Strategy if it were to divest its
     *  entire position based on current on-chain conditions.
     * @dev
     *  Care must be taken in using this function, since it relies on external
     *  systems, which could be manipulated by the attacker to give an inflated
     *  (or reduced) value produced by this function, based on current on-chain
     *  conditions (e.g. this function is possible to influence through
     *  flashloan attacks, oracle manipulations, or other DeFi attack
     *  mechanisms).
     *
     *  It is up to governance to use this function to correctly order this
     *  Strategy relative to its peers in the withdrawal queue to minimize
     *  losses for the Vault based on sudden withdrawals. This value should be
     *  higher than the total debt of the Strategy and higher than its expected
     *  value to be "safe".
     * @return The estimated total assets in this Strategy.
     */
    function estimatedTotalAssets() public view virtual returns (uint256);

    /*
     * @notice
     *  Provide an indication of whether this strategy is currently "active"
     *  in that it is managing an active position, or will manage a position in
     *  the future. This should correlate to `harvest()` activity, so that Harvest
     *  events can be tracked externally by indexing agents.
     * @return True if the strategy is actively managing a position.
     */
    function isActive() public view returns (bool) {
        return vault.strategies(address(this)).debtRatio > 0 || estimatedTotalAssets() > 0;
    }

    /**
     * Perform any Strategy unwinding or other calls necessary to capture the
     * "free return" this Strategy has generated since the last time its core
     * position(s) were adjusted. Examples include unwrapping extra rewards.
     * This call is only used during "normal operation" of a Strategy, and
     * should be optimized to minimize losses as much as possible.
     *
     * This method returns any realized profits and/or realized losses
     * incurred, and should return the total amounts of profits/losses/debt
     * payments (in `want` tokens) for the Vault's accounting (e.g.
     * `want.balanceOf(this) >= _debtPayment + _profit`).
     *
     * `_debtOutstanding` will be 0 if the Strategy is not past the configured
     * debt limit, otherwise its value will be how far past the debt limit
     * the Strategy is. The Strategy's debt limit is configured in the Vault.
     *
     * NOTE: `_debtPayment` should be less than or equal to `_debtOutstanding`.
     *       It is okay for it to be less than `_debtOutstanding`, as that
     *       should only used as a guide for how much is left to pay back.
     *       Payments should be made to minimize loss from slippage, debt,
     *       withdrawal fees, etc.
     *
     * See `vault.debtOutstanding()`.
     */
    function _prepareReturn(uint256 _debtOutstanding)
        internal
        virtual
        returns (
            uint256 _profit,
            uint256 _loss,
            uint256 _debtPayment
        );

    /**
     * Perform any adjustments to the core position(s) of this Strategy given
     * what change the Vault made in the "investable capital" available to the
     * Strategy. Note that all "free capital" in the Strategy after the report
     * was made is available for reinvestment. Also note that this number
     * could be 0, and you should handle that scenario accordingly.
     *
     * See comments regarding `_debtOutstanding` on `prepareReturn()`.
     */
    function _adjustPosition(uint256 _debtOutstanding) internal virtual;

    /**
     * Liquidate up to `_amountNeeded` of `want` of this strategy's positions,
     * irregardless of slippage. Any excess will be re-invested with `adjustPosition()`.
     * This function should return the amount of `want` tokens made available by the
     * liquidation. If there is a difference between them, `_loss` indicates whether the
     * difference is due to a realized loss, or if there is some other sitution at play
     * (e.g. locked funds) where the amount made available is less than what is needed.
     *
     * NOTE: The invariant `_liquidatedAmount + _loss <= _amountNeeded` should always be maintained
     */
    function _liquidatePosition(uint256 _amountNeeded)
        internal
        virtual
        returns (uint256 _liquidatedAmount, uint256 _loss);

    /**
     * Liquidate everything and returns the amount that got freed.
     * This function is used during emergency exit instead of `prepareReturn()` to
     * liquidate all of the Strategy's positions back to the Vault.
     */

    function _liquidateAllPositions() internal virtual returns (uint256 _amountFreed);

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Provide a signal to the keeper that `tend()` should be called. The
     *  keeper will provide the estimated gas cost that they would pay to call
     *  `tend()`, and this function should use that estimate to make a
     *  determination if calling it is "worth it" for the keeper. This is not
     *  the only consideration into issuing this trigger, for example if the
     *  position would be negatively affected if `tend()` is not called
     *  shortly, then this can return `true` even if the keeper might be
     *  "at a loss".
     * @dev
     *  `callCostInWei` must be priced in terms of `wei` (1e-18 ETH).
     *
     *  This call and `harvestTrigger()` should never return `true` at the same
     *  time.
     * @param callCostInWei The keeper's estimated gas cost to call `tend()` (in wei).
     * @return `true` if `tend()` should be called, `false` otherwise.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
    function tendTrigger(uint256 callCostInWei) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        // We usually don't need tend, but if there are positions that need
        // active maintainence, overriding this function is how you would
        // signal for that.
        // If your implementation uses the cost of the call in want, you can
        // use uint256 callCost = ethToWant(callCostInWei);

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Adjust the Strategy's position. The purpose of tending isn't to
     *  realize gains, but to maximize yield by reinvesting any returns.
     *
     *  See comments on `adjustPosition()`.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance, the strategist, or the keeper.
     */
    function tend() external onlyKeepers {
        // Don't take profits with this call, but adjust for better gains
        _adjustPosition(vault.debtOutstanding());
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Provide a signal to the keeper that `harvest()` should be called. The
     *  keeper will provide the estimated gas cost that they would pay to call
     *  `harvest()`, and this function should use that estimate to make a
     *  determination if calling it is "worth it" for the keeper. This is not
     *  the only consideration into issuing this trigger, for example if the
     *  position would be negatively affected if `harvest()` is not called
     *  shortly, then this can return `true` even if the keeper might be "at a
     *  loss".
     * @dev
     *  `callCostInWei` must be priced in terms of `wei` (1e-18 ETH).
     *
     *  This call and `tendTrigger` should never return `true` at the
     *  same time.
     *
     *  See `min/maxReportDelay`, `profitFactor`, `debtThreshold` to adjust the
     *  strategist-controlled parameters that will influence whether this call
     *  returns `true` or not. These parameters will be used in conjunction
     *  with the parameters reported to the Vault (see `params`) to determine
     *  if calling `harvest()` is merited.
     *
     *  It is expected that an external system will check `harvestTrigger()`.
     *  This could be a script run off a desktop or cloud bot (e.g.
     *  or via an integration with the Keep3r network (e.g.
     *  https://github.com/Macarse/GenericKeep3rV2/blob/master/contracts/keep3r/GenericKeep3rV2.sol).
     * @param callCostInWei The keeper's estimated gas cost to call `harvest()` (in wei).
     * @return `true` if `harvest()` should be called, `false` otherwise.
     */
    function harvestTrigger(uint256 callCostInWei) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return
            StrategyLib.internalHarvestTrigger(
                address(vault),
                address(this),
                ethToWant(callCostInWei),
                minReportDelay,
                maxReportDelay,
                debtThreshold,
                profitFactor
            );
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Harvests the Strategy, recognizing any profits or losses and adjusting
     *  the Strategy's position.
     *
     *  In the rare case the Strategy is in emergency shutdown, this will exit
     *  the Strategy's position.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance, the strategist, or the keeper.
     * @dev
     *  When `harvest()` is called, the Strategy reports to the Vault (via
     *  `vault.report()`), so in some cases `harvest()` must be called in order
     *  to take in profits, to borrow newly available funds from the Vault, or
     *  otherwise adjust its position. In other cases `harvest()` must be
     *  called to report to the Vault on the Strategy's position, especially if
     *  any losses have occurred.
     */
    function harvest() external onlyKeepers {
        uint256 profit = 0;
        uint256 loss = 0;
        uint256 debtOutstanding = vault.debtOutstanding();
        uint256 debtPayment = 0;
        if (emergencyExit) {
            // Free up as much capital as possible
            uint256 amountFreed = _liquidateAllPositions();
            if (amountFreed < debtOutstanding) {
                loss = debtOutstanding.sub(amountFreed);
            } else if (amountFreed > debtOutstanding) {
                profit = amountFreed.sub(debtOutstanding);
            }
            debtPayment = debtOutstanding.sub(loss);
        } else {
            // Free up returns for Vault to pull
            (profit, loss, debtPayment) = _prepareReturn(debtOutstanding);
        }

        // Allow Vault to take up to the "harvested" balance of this contract,
        // which is the amount it has earned since the last time it reported to
        // the Vault.
        debtOutstanding = vault.report(profit, loss, debtPayment);

        // Check if free returns are left, and re-invest them
        _adjustPosition(debtOutstanding);

        emit Harvested(profit, loss, debtPayment, debtOutstanding);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Withdraws `_amountNeeded` to `vault`.
     *
     *  This may only be called by the Vault.
     * @param _amountNeeded How much `want` to withdraw.
     * @return _loss Any realized losses
     */
    function withdraw(uint256 _amountNeeded) external returns (uint256 _loss) {
        require(msg.sender == address(vault), "!vault");
        // Liquidate as much as possible to `want`, up to `_amountNeeded`
        uint256 amountFreed;
        (amountFreed, _loss) = _liquidatePosition(_amountNeeded);
        // Send it directly back (NOTE: Using `msg.sender` saves some gas here)
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(want, msg.sender, amountFreed);
        // NOTE: Reinvest anything leftover on next `tend`/`harvest`
    }

    /**
     * Do anything necessary to prepare this Strategy for migration, such as
     * transferring any reserve or LP tokens, CDPs, or other tokens or stores of
     * value.
     */
    function _prepareMigration(address _newStrategy) internal virtual;

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Transfers all `want` from this Strategy to `_newStrategy`.
     *
     *  This may only be called by the Vault.
     * @dev
     * The new Strategy's Vault must be the same as this Strategy's Vault.
     *  The migration process should be carefully performed to make sure all
     * the assets are migrated to the new address, which should have never
     * interacted with the vault before.
     * @param _newStrategy The Strategy to migrate to.
     */
    function migrate(address _newStrategy) external {
        require(msg.sender == address(vault));
        require(BaseStrategy(_newStrategy).vault() == vault);
        _prepareMigration(_newStrategy);
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(want, _newStrategy, want.balanceOf(address(this)));
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Activates emergency exit. Once activated, the Strategy will exit its
     *  position upon the next harvest, depositing all funds into the Vault as
     *  quickly as is reasonable given on-chain conditions.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance or the strategist.
     * @dev
     *  See `vault.setEmergencyShutdown()` and `harvest()` for further details.
     */
    function setEmergencyExit() external onlyEmergencyAuthorized {
        emergencyExit = true;
        vault.revokeStrategy();

        emit EmergencyExitEnabled();
    }

    /**
     * Override this to add all tokens/tokenized positions this contract
     * manages on a *persistent* basis (e.g. not just for swapping back to
     * want ephemerally).
     *
     * NOTE: Do *not* include `want`, already included in `sweep` below.
     *
     * Example:
     * ```
     *    function protectedTokens() internal override view returns (address[] memory) {
     *      address[] memory protected = new address[](3);
     *      protected[0] = tokenA;
     *      protected[1] = tokenB;
     *      protected[2] = tokenC;
     *      return protected;
     *    }
     * ```
     */
    function _protectedTokens() internal view virtual returns (address[] memory);

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Removes tokens from this Strategy that are not the type of tokens
     *  managed by this Strategy. This may be used in case of accidentally
     *  sending the wrong kind of token to this Strategy.
     *
     *  Tokens will be sent to `governance()`.
     *
     *  This will fail if an attempt is made to sweep `want`, or any tokens
     *  that are protected by this Strategy.
     *
     *  This may only be called by governance.
     * @dev
     *  Implement `protectedTokens()` to specify any additional tokens that
     *  should be protected from sweeping in addition to `want`.
     * @param _token The token to transfer out of this vault.
     */
    function sweep(address _token) external onlyGovernance {
        require(_token != address(want), "!want");
        require(_token != address(vault), "!shares");

        address[] memory protectedTokens = _protectedTokens();
        for (uint256 i; i < protectedTokens.length; i++) require(_token != protectedTokens[i], "!protected");

        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(_token), _governance(), IERC20(_token).balanceOf(address(this)));
    }
}

abstract contract BaseStrategyInitializable is BaseStrategy {
    bool public isOriginal = true;

    event Cloned(address indexed clone);

    constructor(address _vault) BaseStrategy(_vault) {}

    function initialize(
        address _vault,
        address _strategist,
        address _rewards,
        address _keeper
    ) external virtual {
        _initialize(_vault, _strategist, _rewards, _keeper);
    }

    function clone(address _vault) external returns (address) {
        return this.clone(_vault, msg.sender, msg.sender, msg.sender);
    }

    function clone(
        address _vault,
        address _strategist,
        address _rewards,
        address _keeper
    ) external returns (address newStrategy) {
        require(isOriginal, "!clone");
        // Copied from https://github.com/optionality/clone-factory/blob/master/contracts/CloneFactory.sol
        bytes20 addressBytes = bytes20(address(this));

        assembly {
            // EIP-1167 bytecode
            let clone_code := mload(0x40)
            mstore(clone_code, 0x3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73000000000000000000000000)
            mstore(add(clone_code, 0x14), addressBytes)
            mstore(add(clone_code, 0x28), 0x5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf30000000000000000000000000000000000)
            newStrategy := create(0, clone_code, 0x37)
        }

        BaseStrategyInitializable(newStrategy).initialize(_vault, _strategist, _rewards, _keeper);

        emit Cloned(newStrategy);
    }
}

// File: contracts/strategy/CurvePlainPoolStrategy.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
// Feel free to change the license, but this is what we use

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

import {StrategyCurveBase} from "./StrategyCurveBase.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {Address} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
import {ICurveFi} from "../../interfaces/curve-finance/ICurveFi.sol";

contract CurvePlainPoolStrategy is StrategyCurveBase {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    using Address for address;

    uint256 public poolSize;

    constructor(
        address _vault,
        uint256[3] memory _params,
        address _curvePool,
        address _yvToken,
        address _uniswapRouter,
        string memory strategyName,
        uint256 _poolSize,
        address _curveToken
    ) StrategyCurveBase(_vault, _params, _curveToken, _curvePool, _yvToken, _uniswapRouter, strategyName) {
        _initializeStrat(_poolSize);
    }

    function initialize(
        address _vault,
        address _strategist,
        uint256[3] memory _params,
        address _curvePool,
        address _yvToken,
        address _uniswapRouter,
        string memory strategyName,
        uint256 _poolSize,
        address _curveToken
    ) external {
        super.initializeBase(
            _vault,
            _strategist,
            _params,
            _curveToken,
            _curvePool,
            _yvToken,
            _uniswapRouter,
            strategyName
        );
        _initializeStrat(_poolSize);
    }

    function _initializeStrat(uint256 _poolSize) internal {
        require(_poolSize > 1 && _poolSize < 5, "incorrect pool size");
        if (_isWantWETH()) {
            require(
                curvePool.coins(0) == address(0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE),
                "Wrong curve pool for WETH"
            );
            curveId = 0;
        } else {
            curveId = -1;
            // Unknown pool
            for (uint128 index; index < _poolSize; index++) {
                if (curvePool.coins(index) == address(want)) {
                    curveId = int128(index);
                    break;
                }
            }
            require(curveId != -1, "incorrect want for curve pool");
        }

        poolSize = _poolSize;
        _setupStatics();
    }

    function _setupStatics() internal {
        if (!_isWantWETH()) {
            want.safeApprove(address(curvePool), type(uint256).max);
        }
    }

    function cloneSingleSidedCurve(
        address _vault,
        address _strategist,
        uint256[3] memory _params,
        address _curvePool,
        address _yvToken,
        address _uniswapRouter,
        string memory _strategyName,
        uint256 _poolSize,
        address _curveToken
    ) external returns (address payable newStrategy) {
        bytes20 addressBytes = bytes20(address(this));

        assembly {
            // EIP-1167 bytecode
            let clone_code := mload(0x40)
            mstore(clone_code, 0x3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73000000000000000000000000)
            mstore(add(clone_code, 0x14), addressBytes)
            mstore(add(clone_code, 0x28), 0x5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf30000000000000000000000000000000000)
            newStrategy := create(0, clone_code, 0x37)
        }

        CurvePlainPoolStrategy(newStrategy).initialize(
            _vault,
            _strategist,
            _params,
            _curvePool,
            _yvToken,
            _uniswapRouter,
            _strategyName,
            _poolSize,
            _curveToken
        );

        emit Cloned(newStrategy);
    }

    /**
     * @notice
     *  Deposit want tokens into a Curve liquidity pool
     * @dev
     *  Unfortunately, we need to use an if/else structure here because the curve contract cannot handle dynamic arrays
     *  The following shorthand method is not possible: `uint256[] memory amounts = new uint256[](poolSize);`
     * @param investAmount the amount of want tokens to invest
     * @param maxSlippage the pre-calculated maximum allowed slippage when adding liquidity
     */
    function _addLiquidity(uint256 investAmount, uint256 maxSlippage) internal override {
        if (_isWantWETH()) {
            WETH.withdraw(investAmount);
            uint256[2] memory amounts;
            amounts[0] = investAmount;
            curvePool.add_liquidity{value: investAmount}(amounts, maxSlippage);
        } else if (poolSize == 2) {
            uint256[2] memory amounts;
            amounts[uint256(uint128(curveId))] = investAmount;
            curvePool.add_liquidity(amounts, maxSlippage);
        } else if (poolSize == 3) {
            uint256[3] memory amounts;
            amounts[uint256(uint128(curveId))] = investAmount;
            curvePool.add_liquidity(amounts, maxSlippage);
        } else {
            uint256[4] memory amounts;
            amounts[uint256(uint128(curveId))] = investAmount;
            curvePool.add_liquidity(amounts, maxSlippage);
        }
    }

    function _withdrawLiquidity(uint256 withdrawAmount, uint256 maxSlippage) internal override {
        curvePool.remove_liquidity_one_coin(withdrawAmount, curveId, maxSlippage);
        if (_isWantWETH()) {
            WETH.deposit{value: address(this).balance}();
        }
    }

    function _prepareMigration(address _newStrategy) internal override {
        super._prepareMigration(_newStrategy);
        if (_isWantWETH()) {
            uint256 ethBalance = address(this).balance;
            if (ethBalance > 0) {
                WETH.deposit{value: ethBalance}();
            }
        }
    }

    function _isWantWETH() internal view returns (bool) {
        return address(want) == address(WETH);
    }
}

// File: contracts/strategy/StrategyCurveBase.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
// Feel free to change the license, but this is what we use

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

import {BaseStrategy} from "./BaseStrategy.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {Address} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
import {SafeMath} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol";
import {Math} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/Math.sol";

import {ICurveFi} from "../../interfaces/curve-finance/ICurveFi.sol";
import {ICrvV3} from "../../interfaces/curve-finance/ICrvV3.sol";
import {IWETH} from "../../interfaces/IERC20/IWETH.sol";
import {IERC20Extended} from "../../interfaces/IERC20/IERC20Extended.sol";
import {VaultAPI} from "../../interfaces/vault/VaultAPI.sol";
import {IUniswapV2Router01} from "../../interfaces/uniswap/IUniswapV2Router01.sol";

abstract contract StrategyCurveBase is BaseStrategy {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    using Address for address;
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    ICurveFi public curvePool;
    ICrvV3 public curveToken;

    IWETH public constant WETH = IWETH(0xC02aaA39b223FE8D0A0e5C4F27eAD9083C756Cc2);

    VaultAPI public yvToken;
    address public uniswapRouter;
    uint256 public lastInvest; // default is 0
    uint256 public minTimePerInvest; // = 3600;
    uint256 public maxSingleInvest;
    uint256 public slippageProtectionIn; // = 50; //out of 10000. 50 = 0.5%
    uint256 public slippageProtectionOut; // = 50; //out of 10000. 50 = 0.5%
    uint256 public constant DENOMINATOR = 10_000;
    string internal _strategyName;
    uint8 private _wantDecimals;

    int128 public curveId;
    bool public withdrawProtection;

    event Cloned(address indexed clone);

    constructor(
        address _vault,
        uint256[3] memory _params, // maxSingleInvest, minTimePerInvest, slippageProtectionIn(Out)
        address _curveToken,
        address _curvePool,
        address _yvToken,
        address _uniswapRouter,
        string memory strategyName
    ) BaseStrategy(_vault) {
        _initializeStrat(_params, _curveToken, _curvePool, _yvToken, _uniswapRouter, strategyName);
    }

    function initializeBase(
        address _vault,
        address _strategist,
        uint256[3] memory _params,
        address _curveToken,
        address _curvePool,
        address _yvToken,
        address _uniswapRouter,
        string memory strategyName
    ) public {
        //note: initialise can only be called once. in _initialize in BaseStrategy we have: require(address(want) == address(0), "Strategy already initialized");
        _initialize(_vault, _strategist, _strategist, _strategist);
        _initializeStrat(_params, _curveToken, _curvePool, _yvToken, _uniswapRouter, strategyName);
    }

    function _initializeStrat(
        uint256[3] memory _params,
        address _curveToken,
        address _curvePool,
        address _yvToken,
        address _uniswapRouter,
        string memory strategyName
    ) internal {
        require(_wantDecimals == 0, "Already Initialized");
        curvePool = ICurveFi(_curvePool);
        maxSingleInvest = _params[0];
        minTimePerInvest = _params[1];
        slippageProtectionIn = _params[2];
        slippageProtectionOut = _params[2];
        // use In to start with to save on stack
        _strategyName = strategyName;
        yvToken = VaultAPI(_yvToken);
        uniswapRouter = _uniswapRouter;
        curveToken = ICrvV3(_curveToken);
        _setupBaseStatics();
    }

    function _setupBaseStatics() internal {
        maxReportDelay = 86400;
        profitFactor = 1e30;
        minReportDelay = 3600;
        debtThreshold = 1e30;
        withdrawProtection = true;
        _wantDecimals = IERC20Extended(address(want)).decimals();
        curveToken.approve(address(yvToken), type(uint256).max);
    }

    function name() external view override returns (string memory) {
        return _strategyName;
    }

    function updateMinTimePerInvest(uint256 _minTimePerInvest) public onlyAuthorized {
        minTimePerInvest = _minTimePerInvest;
    }

    function updateMaxSingleInvest(uint256 _maxSingleInvest) public onlyAuthorized {
        maxSingleInvest = _maxSingleInvest;
    }

    function updateSlippageProtectionIn(uint256 _slippageProtectionIn) public onlyAuthorized {
        slippageProtectionIn = _slippageProtectionIn;
    }

    function updateSlippageProtectionOut(uint256 _slippageProtectionOut) public onlyAuthorized {
        slippageProtectionOut = _slippageProtectionOut;
    }

    function updateWithdrawProtection(bool _withdrawProtection) public onlyAuthorized {
        withdrawProtection = _withdrawProtection;
    }

    function delegatedAssets() public view override returns (uint256) {
        return vault.strategies(address(this)).totalDebt;
    }

    function estimatedTotalAssets() public view override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 totalCurveTokens = curveTokensInYVault().add(curveToken.balanceOf(address(this)));
        return want.balanceOf(address(this)).add(curveTokenToWant(totalCurveTokens));
    }

    // returns value of total
    function curveTokenToWant(uint256 tokens) public view returns (uint256) {
        if (tokens == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        return virtualPriceToWant().mul(tokens).div(1e18);
    }

    // we lose some precision here. but it shouldnt matter as we are underestimating
    function virtualPriceToWant() public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 virtualPrice = curvePool.get_virtual_price();

        if (_wantDecimals < 18) {
            return virtualPrice.div(10**(uint256(uint8(18) - _wantDecimals)));
        } else {
            return virtualPrice;
        }
    }

    function curveTokensInYVault() public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 balance = yvToken.balanceOf(address(this));

        if (yvToken.totalSupply() == 0) {
            //needed because of revert on priceperfullshare if 0
            return 0;
        }
        uint256 pricePerShare = yvToken.pricePerShare();
        //curve tokens are 1e18 decimals
        return balance.mul(pricePerShare).div(1e18);
    }

    function _prepareReturn(uint256 _debtOutstanding)
        internal
        override
        returns (
            uint256 _profit,
            uint256 _loss,
            uint256 _debtPayment
        )
    {
        _debtPayment = _debtOutstanding;

        uint256 debt = vault.strategies(address(this)).totalDebt;
        uint256 currentValue = estimatedTotalAssets();
        uint256 wantBalance = want.balanceOf(address(this));

        if (debt < currentValue) {
            _profit = currentValue.sub(debt);
        } else {
            _loss = debt.sub(currentValue);
        }

        uint256 toFree = _debtPayment.add(_profit);

        // Do we have enough `want` to pay debts?
        if (toFree > wantBalance) {
            toFree = toFree.sub(wantBalance);

            (, uint256 withdrawalLoss) = _withdrawSome(toFree);
            //when we withdraw we can lose money in the withdrawal
            if (withdrawalLoss < _profit) {
                _profit = _profit.sub(withdrawalLoss);
            } else {
                _loss = _loss.add(withdrawalLoss.sub(_profit));
                _profit = 0;
            }

            wantBalance = want.balanceOf(address(this));

            if (wantBalance < _profit) {
                _profit = wantBalance;
                _debtPayment = 0;
            } else if (wantBalance < _debtPayment.add(_profit)) {
                _debtPayment = wantBalance.sub(_profit);
            }
        }
    }

    function _liquidateAllPositions() internal override returns (uint256 _amountFreed) {
        (_amountFreed, ) = _liquidatePosition(1e36);
        //we can request a lot. dont use max because of overflow
    }

    function ethToWant(uint256 _amount) public view override returns (uint256) {
        address[] memory path = new address[](2);
        path[0] = address(WETH);
        path[1] = address(want);
        uint256[] memory amounts = IUniswapV2Router01(uniswapRouter).getAmountsOut(_amount, path);
        return amounts[amounts.length - 1];
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
    function _adjustPosition(uint256 _debtOutstanding) internal override {
        if (lastInvest.add(minTimePerInvest) > block.timestamp) {
            return;
        }

        // Invest the rest of the want
        uint256 _wantToInvest = Math.min(want.balanceOf(address(this)), maxSingleInvest);
        if (_wantToInvest == 0) {
            return;
        }

        uint256 expectedOut = _wantToInvest.mul(1e18).div(virtualPriceToWant());
        uint256 maxSlip = expectedOut.mul(DENOMINATOR.sub(slippageProtectionIn)).div(DENOMINATOR);

        _addLiquidity(_wantToInvest, maxSlip);

        // deposit to yearn vault
        yvToken.deposit();
        lastInvest = block.timestamp;
    }

    function _addLiquidity(uint256 investAmount, uint256 maxSlippage) internal virtual;

    function _withdrawLiquidity(uint256 withdrawAmount, uint256 maxSlippage) internal virtual;

    function _liquidatePosition(uint256 _amountNeeded)
        internal
        override
        returns (uint256 _liquidatedAmount, uint256 _loss)
    {
        uint256 wantBal = want.balanceOf(address(this));
        if (wantBal < _amountNeeded) {
            (_liquidatedAmount, _loss) = _withdrawSome(_amountNeeded.sub(wantBal));
        }

        _liquidatedAmount = Math.min(_amountNeeded, _liquidatedAmount.add(wantBal));
    }

    //safe to enter more than we have
    function _withdrawSome(uint256 _amount) internal returns (uint256 _liquidatedAmount, uint256 _loss) {
        uint256 wantBalanceBefore = want.balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 virtualPrice = virtualPriceToWant();
        uint256 amountWeNeedFromVirtualPrice = _amount.mul(1e18).div(virtualPrice);
        uint256 crvBeforeBalance = curveToken.balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 pricePerFullShare = yvToken.pricePerShare();
        uint256 amountFromVault = amountWeNeedFromVirtualPrice.mul(1e18).div(pricePerFullShare);
        uint256 yBalance = yvToken.balanceOf(address(this));

        // If we need more then we can afford to withdraw
        if (amountFromVault > yBalance) {
            amountFromVault = yBalance;
            uint256 _amountOfCrv = amountFromVault.mul(pricePerFullShare).div(1e18);
            _amount = _amountOfCrv.mul(virtualPrice).div(1e18);
        }

        // Withdraw funds from Yearn vault
        if (amountFromVault > 0) {
            yvToken.withdraw(amountFromVault);
            if (withdrawProtection) {
                //this tests that we liquidated all of the expected ytokens. Without it if we get back less then will mark it is loss
                require(
                    yBalance.sub(yvToken.balanceOf(address(this))) >= amountFromVault.sub(1),
                    "YVAULTWITHDRAWFAILED"
                );
            }
        }

        // Withdraw funds from Curve pool
        uint256 toWithdraw = curveToken.balanceOf(address(this)).sub(crvBeforeBalance);

        if (toWithdraw > 0) {
            //if we have less than 18 decimals we need to lower the amount out
            uint256 maxSlippage = toWithdraw.mul(DENOMINATOR.sub(slippageProtectionOut)).div(DENOMINATOR);
            if (_wantDecimals < 18) {
                maxSlippage = maxSlippage.div(10**(uint256(uint8(18) - _wantDecimals)));
            }

            _withdrawLiquidity(toWithdraw, maxSlippage);
        }

        uint256 diff = want.balanceOf(address(this)).sub(wantBalanceBefore);

        if (diff > _amount) {
            _liquidatedAmount = _amount;
        } else {
            _liquidatedAmount = diff;
            _loss = _amount.sub(diff);
        }
    }

    function _prepareMigration(address _newStrategy) internal virtual override {
        yvToken.transfer(_newStrategy, yvToken.balanceOf(address(this)));
    }

    function _protectedTokens() internal view override returns (address[] memory) {
        address[] memory protected = new address[](1);
        protected[0] = address(yvToken);
        return protected;
    }

    receive() external payable {}
}

// File: interfaces/curve-finance/ICrvV3.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";

interface ICrvV3 is IERC20 {
    function minter() external view returns (address);
}

// File: interfaces/curve-finance/ICurveFi.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

interface ICurveFi {
    function get_virtual_price() external view returns (uint256);

    function base_virtual_price() external view returns (uint256);

    function add_liquidity(
        address pool,
        uint256[2] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        address pool,
        uint256[3] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        address pool,
        uint256[4] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        // sBTC pool
        uint256[3] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        // bUSD pool
        uint256[4] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        // stETH pool
        uint256[2] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount
    ) external payable;

    function add_liquidity(
        // sBTC pool
        uint256[3] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount,
        bool use_underlying
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        // bUSD pool
        uint256[4] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount,
        bool use_underlying
    ) external;

    function add_liquidity(
        // stETH pool
        uint256[2] calldata amounts,
        uint256 min_mint_amount,
        bool use_underlying
    ) external payable;

    function coins(uint256) external view returns (address);

    function pool() external view returns (address);

    function base_coins(uint256) external view returns (address);

    function underlying_coins(uint256) external view returns (address);

    function remove_liquidity_imbalance(uint256[2] calldata amounts, uint256 max_burn_amount) external;

    function remove_liquidity(uint256 _amount, uint256[2] calldata amounts) external;

    function calc_withdraw_one_coin(uint256 _amount, int128 i) external view returns (uint256);

    function calc_withdraw_one_coin(
        uint256 _amount,
        int128 i,
        bool use_underlying
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    function remove_liquidity_one_coin(
        address pool,
        uint256 _token_amount,
        int128 i,
        uint256 min_amount
    ) external;

    function remove_liquidity_one_coin(
        uint256 _token_amount,
        int128 i,
        uint256 min_amount
    ) external;

    function remove_liquidity_one_coin(
        uint256 _token_amount,
        int128 i,
        uint256 min_amount,
        bool use_underlying
    ) external;

    function exchange(
        uint256 from,
        uint256 to,
        uint256 _from_amount,
        uint256 _min_to_amount,
        bool use_eth
    ) external;

    function exchange(
        int128 from,
        int128 to,
        uint256 _from_amount,
        uint256 _min_to_amount
    ) external payable returns (uint256);

    function balances(int128) external view returns (uint256);

    function balances(uint256) external view returns (uint256);

    function price_oracle() external view returns (uint256);

    function get_dy(
        int128 from,
        int128 to,
        uint256 _from_amount
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    function calc_token_amount(uint256[2] calldata amounts, bool is_deposit) external view returns (uint256);

    function calc_token_amount(uint256[3] calldata amounts, bool is_deposit) external view returns (uint256);

    function calc_token_amount(uint256[4] calldata amounts, bool is_deposit) external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: interfaces/IERC20/IERC20Extended.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

interface IERC20Extended {
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);

    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
}

// File: interfaces/IERC20/IWETH.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";

interface IWETH is IERC20 {
    function deposit() external payable;

    function decimals() external view returns (uint256);

    function withdraw(uint256) external;
}

// File: interfaces/uniswap/IUniswapV2Router01.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

interface IUniswapV2Router01 {
    function factory() external pure returns (address);

    function WETH() external pure returns (address);

    function addLiquidity(
        address tokenA,
        address tokenB,
        uint256 amountADesired,
        uint256 amountBDesired,
        uint256 amountAMin,
        uint256 amountBMin,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    )
        external
        returns (
            uint256 amountA,
            uint256 amountB,
            uint256 liquidity
        );

    function addLiquidityETH(
        address token,
        uint256 amountTokenDesired,
        uint256 amountTokenMin,
        uint256 amountETHMin,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    )
        external
        payable
        returns (
            uint256 amountToken,
            uint256 amountETH,
            uint256 liquidity
        );

    function removeLiquidity(
        address tokenA,
        address tokenB,
        uint256 liquidity,
        uint256 amountAMin,
        uint256 amountBMin,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external returns (uint256 amountA, uint256 amountB);

    function removeLiquidityETH(
        address token,
        uint256 liquidity,
        uint256 amountTokenMin,
        uint256 amountETHMin,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external returns (uint256 amountToken, uint256 amountETH);

    function removeLiquidityWithPermit(
        address tokenA,
        address tokenB,
        uint256 liquidity,
        uint256 amountAMin,
        uint256 amountBMin,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline,
        bool approveMax,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external returns (uint256 amountA, uint256 amountB);

    function removeLiquidityETHWithPermit(
        address token,
        uint256 liquidity,
        uint256 amountTokenMin,
        uint256 amountETHMin,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline,
        bool approveMax,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external returns (uint256 amountToken, uint256 amountETH);

    function swapExactTokensForTokens(
        uint256 amountIn,
        uint256 amountOutMin,
        address[] calldata path,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function swapTokensForExactTokens(
        uint256 amountOut,
        uint256 amountInMax,
        address[] calldata path,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function swapExactETHForTokens(
        uint256 amountOutMin,
        address[] calldata path,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external payable returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function swapTokensForExactETH(
        uint256 amountOut,
        uint256 amountInMax,
        address[] calldata path,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function swapExactTokensForETH(
        uint256 amountIn,
        uint256 amountOutMin,
        address[] calldata path,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function swapETHForExactTokens(
        uint256 amountOut,
        address[] calldata path,
        address to,
        uint256 deadline
    ) external payable returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function quote(
        uint256 amountA,
        uint256 reserveA,
        uint256 reserveB
    ) external pure returns (uint256 amountB);

    function getAmountOut(
        uint256 amountIn,
        uint256 reserveIn,
        uint256 reserveOut
    ) external pure returns (uint256 amountOut);

    function getAmountIn(
        uint256 amountOut,
        uint256 reserveIn,
        uint256 reserveOut
    ) external pure returns (uint256 amountIn);

    function getAmountsOut(uint256 amountIn, address[] calldata path) external view returns (uint256[] memory amounts);

    function getAmountsIn(uint256 amountOut, address[] calldata path) external view returns (uint256[] memory amounts);
}

// File: interfaces/vault/VaultAPI.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

pragma solidity >=0.8.0 <0.9.0;

import {IERC20} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {StrategyParams} from "../../contracts/strategy/BaseStrategy.sol";

interface VaultAPI is IERC20 {
    function name() external view returns (string calldata);

    function symbol() external view returns (string calldata);

    function decimals() external view returns (uint256);

    function apiVersion() external pure returns (string memory);

    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 expiry,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) external returns (bool);

    // NOTE: Vyper produces multiple signatures for a given function with "default" args
    function deposit() external returns (uint256);

    function deposit(uint256 amount) external returns (uint256);

    function deposit(uint256 amount, address recipient) external returns (uint256);

    // NOTE: Vyper produces multiple signatures for a given function with "default" args
    function withdraw() external returns (uint256);

    function withdraw(uint256 maxShares) external returns (uint256);

    function withdraw(uint256 maxShares, address recipient) external returns (uint256);

    function withdraw(
        uint256 maxShares,
        address recipient,
        uint256 maxLoss
    ) external returns (uint256);

    function token() external view returns (address);

    function strategies(address _strategy) external view returns (StrategyParams memory);

    function pricePerShare() external view returns (uint256);

    function totalAssets() external view returns (uint256);

    function depositLimit() external view returns (uint256);

    function maxAvailableShares() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * View how much the Vault would increase this Strategy's borrow limit,
     * based on its present performance (since its last report). Can be used to
     * determine expectedReturn in your Strategy.
     */
    function creditAvailable() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * View how much the Vault would like to pull back from the Strategy,
     * based on its present performance (since its last report). Can be used to
     * determine expectedReturn in your Strategy.
     */
    function debtOutstanding() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * View how much the Vault expect this Strategy to return at the current
     * block, based on its present performance (since its last report). Can be
     * used to determine expectedReturn in your Strategy.
     */
    function expectedReturn() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * This is the main contact point where the Strategy interacts with the
     * Vault. It is critical that this call is handled as intended by the
     * Strategy. Therefore, this function will be called by BaseStrategy to
     * make sure the integration is correct.
     */
    function report(
        uint256 _gain,
        uint256 _loss,
        uint256 _debtPayment
    ) external returns (uint256);

    /**
     * This function should only be used in the scenario where the Strategy is
     * being retired but no migration of the positions are possible, or in the
     * extreme scenario that the Strategy needs to be put into "Emergency Exit"
     * mode in order for it to exit as quickly as possible. The latter scenario
     * could be for any reason that is considered "critical" that the Strategy
     * exits its position as fast as possible, such as a sudden change in
     * market conditions leading to losses, or an imminent failure in an
     * external dependency.
     */
    function revokeStrategy() external;

    /**
     * View the governance address of the Vault to assert privileged functions
     * can only be called by governance. The Strategy serves the Vault, so it
     * is subject to governance defined by the Vault.
     */
    function governance() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * View the management address of the Vault to assert privileged functions
     * can only be called by management. The Strategy serves the Vault, so it
     * is subject to management defined by the Vault.
     */
    function management() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * View the guardian address of the Vault to assert privileged functions
     * can only be called by guardian. The Strategy serves the Vault, so it
     * is subject to guardian defined by the Vault.
     */
    function guardian() external view returns (address);
}