// File: contracts/vaults/STETHVault.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

import "./BaseVault.sol";

/**
 * @title A Vault that use variable weekly yields to buy calls
 * @author Pods Finance
 */
contract STETHVault is BaseVault {
    using TransferUtils for IERC20Metadata;
    using FixedPointMath for uint256;
    using FixedPointMath for FixedPointMath.Fractional;
    using DepositQueueLib for DepositQueueLib.DepositQueue;

    uint8 public immutable sharePriceDecimals;
    uint256 public lastRoundAssets;
    FixedPointMath.Fractional public lastSharePrice;

    uint256 public investorRatio = 5000;
    address public investor;

    event StartRoundData(uint256 indexed roundId, uint256 lastRoundAssets, uint256 sharePrice);
    event EndRoundData(
        uint256 indexed roundId,
        uint256 roundAccruedInterest,
        uint256 investmentYield,
        uint256 idleAssets
    );
    event SharePrice(uint256 indexed roundId, uint256 startSharePrice, uint256 endSharePrice);

    constructor(
        IConfigurationManager _configuration,
        IERC20Metadata _asset,
        address _investor
    ) BaseVault(_configuration, _asset) {
        investor = _investor;
        sharePriceDecimals = asset.decimals();
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc ERC20
     */
    function name() public view override returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(asset.symbol(), " Volatility Vault"));
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc ERC20
     */
    function symbol() public view override returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(asset.symbol(), "vv"));
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) public virtual override returns (uint256 shares) {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
        shares = previewDeposit(assets);

        if (shares == 0) revert IVault__ZeroShares();
        _spendCap(shares);

        assets = _tryTransferSTETH(msg.sender, assets);
        depositQueue.push(DepositQueueLib.DepositEntry(receiver, assets));

        emit Deposit(msg.sender, receiver, assets, shares);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) public virtual override returns (uint256 assets) {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
        assets = previewMint(shares);
        _spendCap(shares);

        assets = _tryTransferSTETH(msg.sender, assets);
        depositQueue.push(DepositQueueLib.DepositEntry(receiver, assets));

        emit Deposit(msg.sender, receiver, assets, shares);
    }

    function _afterRoundStart(uint256) internal override {
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();

        lastRoundAssets = totalAssets();
        lastSharePrice = FixedPointMath.Fractional({
            numerator: supply == 0 ? 0 : lastRoundAssets,
            denominator: supply
        });

        uint256 sharePrice = lastSharePrice.denominator == 0 ? 0 : lastSharePrice.mulDivDown(10**sharePriceDecimals);
        emit StartRoundData(currentRoundId, lastRoundAssets, sharePrice);
    }

    function _afterRoundEnd() internal override {
        uint256 roundAccruedInterest = 0;
        uint256 endSharePrice = 0;
        uint256 investmentYield = asset.balanceOf(investor);
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();

        if (supply != 0) {
            endSharePrice = (totalAssets() + investmentYield).mulDivDown(10**sharePriceDecimals, supply);
            roundAccruedInterest = totalAssets() - lastRoundAssets;

            // Pulls the yields from investor
            if (investmentYield > 0) {
                asset.safeTransferFrom(investor, address(this), investmentYield);
            }

            // Sends another batch to Investor
            uint256 investmentAmount = (roundAccruedInterest * investorRatio) / DENOMINATOR;
            if (investmentAmount > 0) {
                asset.safeTransfer(investor, investmentAmount);
            }
        }
        uint256 startSharePrice = lastSharePrice.denominator == 0
            ? 0
            : lastSharePrice.mulDivDown(10**sharePriceDecimals);

        emit EndRoundData(currentRoundId, roundAccruedInterest, investmentYield, totalIdleAssets());
        emit SharePrice(currentRoundId, startSharePrice, endSharePrice);
    }

    function _beforeWithdraw(uint256 shares, uint256) internal override {
        lastRoundAssets -= shares.mulDivDown(lastSharePrice);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {BaseVault-totalAssets}.
     */
    function totalAssets() public view override returns (uint256) {
        return asset.balanceOf(address(this)) - totalIdleAssets();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` of stETH from `from` to this contract using the
     * allowance mechanism.
     *
     * Note that due to division rounding, not always is not possible to move
     * the entire amount, hence transfer is attempted, returning the
     * `effectiveAmount` transferred.
     *
     * For more information refer to: https://docs.lido.fi/guides/steth-integration-guide#1-wei-corner-case
     */
    function _tryTransferSTETH(address from, uint256 amount) internal returns (uint256 effectiveAmount) {
        uint256 balanceBefore = asset.balanceOf(address(this));
        asset.safeTransferFrom(from, address(this), amount);
        return asset.balanceOf(address(this)) - balanceBefore;
    }
}

// File: contracts/vaults/BaseVault.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20Permit.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import "../interfaces/IConfigurationManager.sol";
import "../interfaces/IVault.sol";
import "../libs/TransferUtils.sol";
import "../libs/FixedPointMath.sol";
import "../libs/DepositQueueLib.sol";
import "../libs/CastUint.sol";
import "../mixins/Capped.sol";

/**
 * @title A Vault that tokenize shares of strategy
 * @author Pods Finance
 */
abstract contract BaseVault is IVault, ERC20, ERC20Permit, Capped {
    using TransferUtils for IERC20Metadata;
    using FixedPointMath for uint256;
    using CastUint for uint256;
    using DepositQueueLib for DepositQueueLib.DepositQueue;

    IConfigurationManager public immutable configuration;
    IERC20Metadata public immutable asset;

    uint256 public currentRoundId;
    bool public isProcessingDeposits = false;

    uint256 public constant DENOMINATOR = 10000;
    uint256 public constant MAX_WITHDRAW_FEE = 1000;
    uint256 public processedDeposits = 0;

    DepositQueueLib.DepositQueue internal depositQueue;

    constructor(IConfigurationManager _configuration, IERC20Metadata _asset)
        ERC20(string(abi.encodePacked("Pods Yield ", _asset.symbol())), string(abi.encodePacked("py", _asset.symbol())))
        ERC20Permit(string(abi.encodePacked("Pods Yield ", _asset.symbol())))
        Capped(_configuration)
    {
        configuration = _configuration;
        asset = _asset;

        // Vault starts in `start` state
        emit StartRound(currentRoundId, 0);
    }

    modifier onlyController() {
        if (msg.sender != controller()) revert IVault__CallerIsNotTheController();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc ERC20
     */
    function decimals() public view override returns (uint8) {
        return asset.decimals();
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) public virtual override returns (uint256 shares) {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
        shares = previewDeposit(assets);

        if (shares == 0) revert IVault__ZeroShares();
        _spendCap(shares);

        depositQueue.push(DepositQueueLib.DepositEntry(receiver, assets));
        asset.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), assets);

        emit Deposit(msg.sender, receiver, assets, shares);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) public virtual override returns (uint256 assets) {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
        assets = previewMint(shares);
        _spendCap(shares);

        depositQueue.push(DepositQueueLib.DepositEntry(receiver, assets));
        asset.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), assets);

        emit Deposit(msg.sender, receiver, assets, shares);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function redeem(
        uint256 shares,
        address receiver,
        address owner
    ) public virtual override returns (uint256 assets) {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
        assets = convertToAssets(shares);

        if (assets == 0) revert IVault__ZeroAssets();

        if (msg.sender != owner) {
            _spendAllowance(owner, msg.sender, shares);
        }

        _burn(owner, shares);
        _restoreCap(shares);

        // Apply custom withdraw logic
        _beforeWithdraw(shares, assets);

        uint256 fee = _getFee(assets);
        asset.safeTransfer(receiver, assets - fee);
        asset.safeTransfer(controller(), fee);

        emit Withdraw(msg.sender, receiver, owner, assets, shares);
        emit FeeCollected(fee);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function withdraw(
        uint256 assets,
        address receiver,
        address owner
    ) public virtual override returns (uint256 shares) {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
        shares = convertToShares(assets);

        if (msg.sender != owner) {
            _spendAllowance(owner, msg.sender, shares);
        }

        _burn(owner, shares);
        _restoreCap(shares);

        // Apply custom withdraw logic
        _beforeWithdraw(shares, assets);

        uint256 fee = _getFee(assets);
        asset.safeTransfer(receiver, assets - fee);
        asset.safeTransfer(controller(), fee);

        emit Withdraw(msg.sender, receiver, owner, assets, shares);
        emit FeeCollected(fee);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function totalAssets() public view virtual returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) public view override returns (uint256 shares) {
        return convertToShares(assets);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) public view override returns (uint256 assets) {
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();
        return supply == 0 ? shares : shares.mulDivUp(totalAssets(), supply);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) public view override returns (uint256 shares) {
        return convertToShares(assets - _getFee(assets));
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) public view override returns (uint256 assets) {
        assets = convertToAssets(shares);
        return assets - _getFee(assets);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function convertToShares(uint256 assets) public view override returns (uint256 shares) {
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();
        return supply == 0 ? assets : assets.mulDivDown(supply, totalAssets());
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function convertToAssets(uint256 shares) public view override returns (uint256 assets) {
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();
        return supply == 0 ? shares : shares.mulDivDown(totalAssets(), supply);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function maxDeposit(address) public pure override returns (uint256 assets) {
        return type(uint256).max;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function maxMint(address) public pure override returns (uint256 shares) {
        return type(uint256).max;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) public view override returns (uint256 assets) {
        return previewRedeem(balanceOf(owner));
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC4626
     */
    function maxRedeem(address owner) public view override returns (uint256 shares) {
        return balanceOf(owner);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function withdrawFeeRatio() public view override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _withdrawFeeRatio = configuration.getParameter(address(this), "WITHDRAW_FEE_RATIO");
        // Fee is limited to MAX_WITHDRAW_FEE
        return FixedPointMath.min(_withdrawFeeRatio, MAX_WITHDRAW_FEE);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function idleAssetsOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return depositQueue.balanceOf(owner);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function assetsOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();
        uint256 shares = balanceOf(owner);
        uint256 committedAssets = supply == 0 ? 0 : shares.mulDivDown(asset.balanceOf(address(this)), supply);
        return convertToAssets(shares) + idleAssetsOf(owner) + committedAssets;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function totalIdleAssets() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return depositQueue.totalDeposited;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function depositQueueSize() public view returns (uint256) {
        return depositQueue.size();
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function controller() public view returns (address) {
        return configuration.getParameter(address(this), "VAULT_CONTROLLER").toAddress();
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function startRound() public virtual onlyController {
        if (!isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__NotProcessingDeposits();

        isProcessingDeposits = false;

        _afterRoundStart(processedDeposits);
        emit StartRound(currentRoundId, processedDeposits);
        processedDeposits = 0;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function endRound() public virtual onlyController {
        if (isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__AlreadyProcessingDeposits();

        isProcessingDeposits = true;
        _afterRoundEnd();

        emit EndRound(currentRoundId++);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IVault
     */
    function processQueuedDeposits(uint256 startIndex, uint256 endIndex) public {
        if (!isProcessingDeposits) revert IVault__NotProcessingDeposits();

        uint256 _totalAssets = totalAssets();
        for (uint256 i = startIndex; i < endIndex; i++) {
            uint256 currentAssets = _totalAssets + processedDeposits;
            DepositQueueLib.DepositEntry memory depositEntry = depositQueue.get(i);
            _processDeposit(depositEntry, currentAssets);
            processedDeposits += depositEntry.amount;
        }
        depositQueue.remove(startIndex, endIndex);
    }

    /** Internals **/

    /**
     * @notice Mint new shares, effectively representing user participation in the Vault.
     */
    function _processDeposit(DepositQueueLib.DepositEntry memory depositEntry, uint256 currentAssets) internal virtual {
        uint256 supply = totalSupply();
        uint256 assets = depositEntry.amount;
        uint256 shares = currentAssets == 0 || supply == 0 ? assets : assets.mulDivUp(supply, currentAssets);
        _mint(depositEntry.owner, shares);
        emit DepositProcessed(depositEntry.owner, currentRoundId, assets, shares);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculate the fee amount on withdraw.
     */
    function _getFee(uint256 assets) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return (assets * withdrawFeeRatio()) / DENOMINATOR;
    }

    /** Hooks **/

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    function _beforeWithdraw(uint256 shares, uint256 assets) internal virtual {}

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    function _afterRoundStart(uint256 assets) internal virtual {}

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-empty-blocks
    function _afterRoundEnd() internal virtual {}
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20Permit.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./draft-IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../ERC20.sol";
import "../../../utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol";
import "../../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import "../../../utils/Counters.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on `{IERC20-approve}`, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * _Available since v3.4._
 */
abstract contract ERC20Permit is ERC20, IERC20Permit, EIP712 {
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    mapping(address => Counters.Counter) private _nonces;

    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    bytes32 private constant _PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)");
    /**
     * @dev In previous versions `_PERMIT_TYPEHASH` was declared as `immutable`.
     * However, to ensure consistency with the upgradeable transpiler, we will continue
     * to reserve a slot.
     * @custom:oz-renamed-from _PERMIT_TYPEHASH
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    bytes32 private _PERMIT_TYPEHASH_DEPRECATED_SLOT;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the {EIP712} domain separator using the `name` parameter, and setting `version` to `"1"`.
     *
     * It's a good idea to use the same `name` that is defined as the ERC20 token name.
     */
    constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, "1") {}

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20Permit-permit}.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual override {
        require(block.timestamp <= deadline, "ERC20Permit: expired deadline");

        bytes32 structHash = keccak256(abi.encode(_PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, _useNonce(owner), deadline));

        bytes32 hash = _hashTypedDataV4(structHash);

        address signer = ECDSA.recover(hash, v, r, s);
        require(signer == owner, "ERC20Permit: invalid signature");

        _approve(owner, spender, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20Permit-nonces}.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _nonces[owner].current();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20Permit-DOMAIN_SEPARATOR}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view override returns (bytes32) {
        return _domainSeparatorV4();
    }

    /**
     * @dev "Consume a nonce": return the current value and increment.
     *
     * _Available since v4.1._
     */
    function _useNonce(address owner) internal virtual returns (uint256 current) {
        Counters.Counter storage nonce = _nonces[owner];
        current = nonce.current();
        nonce.increment();
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC20.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "../../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 * For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 *
 * Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
 * functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
 * allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
 */
contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
    mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To select a different value for
     * {decimals} you should overload it.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless this function is
     * overridden;
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `amount` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `amount`.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, amount);
        _transfer(from, to, amount);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, allowance(owner, spender) + addedValue);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
     *
     * This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
     * problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
     * `subtractedValue`.
     */
    function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
        unchecked {
            _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
     */
    function _transfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[to] += amount;

        emit Transfer(from, to, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
    }

    /** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
     * the total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _totalSupply += amount;
        _balances[account] += amount;
        emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");

        _beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);

        uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
        require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
        }
        _totalSupply -= amount;

        emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _approve(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
        require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");

        _allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance amount in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Might emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * will be transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
     * minting and burning.
     *
     * Calling conditions:
     *
     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * has been transferred to `to`.
     * - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) internal virtual {}
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/IConfigurationManager.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

interface IConfigurationManager {
    event SetCap(address indexed target, uint256 value);
    event ParameterSet(address indexed target, bytes32 indexed name, uint256 value);

    error ConfigurationManager__InvalidCapTarget();

    function setParameter(
        address target,
        bytes32 name,
        uint256 value
    ) external;

    function getParameter(address target, bytes32 name) external view returns (uint256);

    function getGlobalParameter(bytes32 name) external view returns (uint256);

    function setCap(address target, uint256 value) external;

    function getCap(address target) external view returns (uint256);
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/IVault.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

import "./IERC4626.sol";

interface IVault is IERC4626 {
    error IVault__CallerIsNotTheController();
    error IVault__NotProcessingDeposits();
    error IVault__AlreadyProcessingDeposits();
    error IVault__ForbiddenWhileProcessingDeposits();
    error IVault__ZeroAssets();
    error IVault__ZeroShares();

    event FeeCollected(uint256 fee);
    event StartRound(uint256 indexed roundId, uint256 amountAddedToStrategy);
    event EndRound(uint256 indexed roundId);
    event DepositProcessed(address indexed owner, uint256 indexed roundId, uint256 assets, uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the fee charged on withdraws.
     */
    function withdrawFeeRatio() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the vault controller
     */
    function controller() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of asset tokens of an `owner` is idle, waiting for the next round.
     */
    function idleAssetsOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of asset tokens of an `owner` are either waiting for the next round,
     * deposited or committed.
     */
    function assetsOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of asset tokens is idle, waiting for the next round.
     */
    function totalIdleAssets() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs current size of the deposit queue.
     */
    function depositQueueSize() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Starts the next round, sending the idle funds to the
     * strategy where it should start accruing yield.
     */
    function startRound() external;

    /**
     * @notice Closes the round, allowing deposits to the next round be processed.
     * and opens the window for withdraws.
     */
    function endRound() external;

    /**
     * @notice Mint shares for deposits accumulated, effectively including their owners in the next round.
     * `processQueuedDeposits` extracts up to but not including endIndex. For example, processQueuedDeposits(1,4)
     * extracts the second element through the fourth element (elements indexed 1, 2, and 3).
     *
     * @param startIndex Zero-based index at which to start processing deposits
     * @param endIndex The index of the first element to exclude from queue
     */
    function processQueuedDeposits(uint256 startIndex, uint256 endIndex) external;
}

// File: contracts/libs/TransferUtils.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

library TransferUtils {
    error TransferUtils__TransferDidNotSucceed();

    function safeTransfer(
        IERC20 token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        IERC20 token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = address(token).call(data);
        if (!success || result.length > 0) {
            // Return data is optional
            bool transferSucceeded = abi.decode(result, (bool));
            if (!transferSucceeded) revert TransferUtils__TransferDidNotSucceed();
        }
    }
}

// File: contracts/libs/FixedPointMath.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

library FixedPointMath {
    using FixedPointMath for uint256;

    error FixedPointMath__DivByZero();

    struct Fractional {
        uint256 numerator;
        uint256 denominator;
    }

    function mulDivDown(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (denominator == 0) revert FixedPointMath__DivByZero();
        return (x * y) / denominator;
    }

    function mulDivUp(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (denominator == 0) revert FixedPointMath__DivByZero();
        uint256 numerator = x * y;
        return numerator / denominator + (numerator % denominator > 0 ? 1 : 0);
    }

    function mulDivUp(uint256 x, Fractional memory y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x.mulDivUp(y.numerator, y.denominator);
    }

    function mulDivDown(uint256 x, Fractional memory y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x.mulDivDown(y.numerator, y.denominator);
    }

    function mulDivUp(Fractional memory x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x.numerator.mulDivUp(y, x.denominator);
    }

    function mulDivDown(Fractional memory x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x.numerator.mulDivDown(y, x.denominator);
    }

    function fractionRoundUp(Fractional memory x) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x.numerator.mulDivUp(1, x.denominator);
    }

    function fractionRoundDown(Fractional memory x) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x.numerator.mulDivDown(1, x.denominator);
    }

    function min(uint256 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return x < y ? x : y;
    }
}

// File: contracts/libs/DepositQueueLib.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

library DepositQueueLib {
    struct DepositEntry {
        address owner;
        uint256 amount;
    }

    struct DepositQueue {
        address[] list;
        mapping(address => uint256) cache;
        uint256 totalDeposited;
    }

    function push(DepositQueue storage queue, DepositEntry memory deposit) internal {
        if (queue.cache[deposit.owner] == 0) {
            queue.list.push(deposit.owner);
        }

        queue.cache[deposit.owner] += deposit.amount;
        queue.totalDeposited += deposit.amount;
    }

    function remove(
        DepositQueue storage queue,
        uint256 startIndex,
        uint256 endIndex
    ) internal {
        if (endIndex > startIndex) {
            // Remove the interval from the cache
            while (startIndex < endIndex) {
                // No need to check, it can't go below 0
                unchecked {
                    queue.totalDeposited -= queue.cache[queue.list[startIndex]];
                }
                queue.cache[queue.list[startIndex]] = 0;
                startIndex++;
            }

            // Update the list with the remaining entries
            address[] memory newList = new address[](queue.list.length - endIndex);
            uint256 i = 0;

            while (endIndex < queue.list.length) {
                newList[i++] = queue.list[endIndex++];
            }

            queue.list = newList;
        }
    }

    function get(DepositQueue storage queue, uint256 index) internal view returns (DepositEntry memory depositEntry) {
        address owner = queue.list[index];
        depositEntry.owner = owner;
        depositEntry.amount = queue.cache[owner];
    }

    function balanceOf(DepositQueue storage queue, address owner) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return queue.cache[owner];
    }

    function size(DepositQueue storage queue) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return queue.list.length;
    }
}

// File: contracts/libs/CastUint.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

library CastUint {
    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to `address`
     */
    function toAddress(uint256 value) internal pure returns (address) {
        bytes memory data = new bytes(32);
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(add(data, 32), value)
        }
        return abi.decode(data, (address));
    }
}

// File: contracts/mixins/Capped.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

import "../interfaces/IConfigurationManager.sol";

abstract contract Capped {
    IConfigurationManager private immutable _configuration;
    uint256 public spentCap;

    error Capped__AmountExceedsCap(uint256 amount, uint256 available);

    constructor(IConfigurationManager _configuration_) {
        _configuration = _configuration_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount that could be used.
     */
    function availableCap() public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 cap = _configuration.getCap(address(this));
        return cap == 0 ? type(uint256).max : cap - spentCap;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount that could be used.
     * @param amount The amount to be spent
     */
    function _spendCap(uint256 amount) internal {
        uint256 available = availableCap();
        if (amount > available) revert Capped__AmountExceedsCap(amount, available);
        spentCap += amount;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Restores the cap.
     * @param amount The amount to be restored
     */
    function _restoreCap(uint256 amount) internal {
        if (availableCap() != type(uint256).max) {
            spentCap -= amount;
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/cryptography/draft-EIP712.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ECDSA.sol";

/**
 * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.
 *
 * The encoding specified in the EIP is very generic, and such a generic implementation in Solidity is not feasible,
 * thus this contract does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding
 * they need in their contracts using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.
 *
 * This contract implements the EIP 712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding
 * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA
 * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).
 *
 * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating
 * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as "v4", as implemented by the JSON RPC method
 * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].
 *
 * _Available since v3.4._
 */
abstract contract EIP712 {
    /* solhint-disable var-name-mixedcase */
    // Cache the domain separator as an immutable value, but also store the chain id that it corresponds to, in order to
    // invalidate the cached domain separator if the chain id changes.
    bytes32 private immutable _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
    uint256 private immutable _CACHED_CHAIN_ID;
    address private immutable _CACHED_THIS;

    bytes32 private immutable _HASHED_NAME;
    bytes32 private immutable _HASHED_VERSION;
    bytes32 private immutable _TYPE_HASH;

    /* solhint-enable var-name-mixedcase */

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.
     *
     * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP 712]:
     *
     * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.
     * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.
     *
     * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart
     * contract upgrade].
     */
    constructor(string memory name, string memory version) {
        bytes32 hashedName = keccak256(bytes(name));
        bytes32 hashedVersion = keccak256(bytes(version));
        bytes32 typeHash = keccak256(
            "EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)"
        );
        _HASHED_NAME = hashedName;
        _HASHED_VERSION = hashedVersion;
        _CACHED_CHAIN_ID = block.chainid;
        _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR = _buildDomainSeparator(typeHash, hashedName, hashedVersion);
        _CACHED_THIS = address(this);
        _TYPE_HASH = typeHash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
     */
    function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {
        if (address(this) == _CACHED_THIS && block.chainid == _CACHED_CHAIN_ID) {
            return _CACHED_DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
        } else {
            return _buildDomainSeparator(_TYPE_HASH, _HASHED_NAME, _HASHED_VERSION);
        }
    }

    function _buildDomainSeparator(
        bytes32 typeHash,
        bytes32 nameHash,
        bytes32 versionHash
    ) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(typeHash, nameHash, versionHash, block.chainid, address(this)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this
     * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.
     *
     * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:
     *
     * ```solidity
     * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(
     *     keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"),
     *     mailTo,
     *     keccak256(bytes(mailContents))
     * )));
     * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
     * ```
     */
    function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return ECDSA.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 'v' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // Check the signature length
        // - case 65: r,s,v signature (standard)
        // - case 64: r,vs signature (cf https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) _Available since v4.1._
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else if (signature.length == 64) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 vs;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                vs := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }
        if (v != 27 && v != 28) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hash));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x01", domainSeparator, structHash));
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Counters.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Counters.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title Counters
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented, decremented or reset. This can be used e.g. to track the number
 * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
 *
 * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
 */
library Counters {
    struct Counter {
        // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to
        // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add
        // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637
        uint256 _value; // default: 0
    }

    function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return counter._value;
    }

    function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {
        unchecked {
            counter._value += 1;
        }
    }

    function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {
        uint256 value = counter._value;
        require(value > 0, "Counter: decrement overflow");
        unchecked {
            counter._value = value - 1;
        }
    }

    function reset(Counter storage counter) internal {
        counter._value = 0;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// File: contracts/interfaces/IERC4626.sol



// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED

pragma solidity >=0.8.6;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

interface IERC4626 is IERC20 {
    event Deposit(address indexed caller, address indexed owner, uint256 assets, uint256 shares);

    event Withdraw(
        address indexed caller,
        address indexed receiver,
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    );

    /**
     * @notice Total amount of the underlying asset that is “managed” by Vault.
     */
    function totalAssets() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Mints `shares` Vault shares to `receiver` by depositing exactly `amount` of underlying tokens.
     * @return shares Shares minted.
     */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @notice Mints exactly `shares` Vault shares to `receiver` by depositing amount of underlying tokens.
     * @return assets Assets deposited.
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) external returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @notice Burns exactly `shares` from `owner` and sends `assets` of underlying tokens to `receiver`.
     * @return assets Assets withdrawn.
     */
    function redeem(
        uint256 shares,
        address receiver,
        address owner
    ) external returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @notice Burns `shares` from `owner` and sends exactly `assets` of underlying tokens to `receiver`.
     * @return shares Shares burned.
     */
    function withdraw(
        uint256 assets,
        address receiver,
        address owner
    ) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of shares that would be generated by depositing `assets`.
     */
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of asset tokens would be necessary to generate the amount of `shares`.
     */
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of shares would be burned to withdraw the `assets` amount.
     */
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @notice Outputs the amount of asset tokens would be withdrawn burning a given amount of shares.
     */
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice The amount of shares that the Vault would exchange for
     * the amount of assets provided, in an ideal scenario where all the conditions are met.
     */
    function convertToShares(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice The amount of assets that the Vault would exchange for
     * the amount of shares provided, in an ideal scenario where all the conditions are met.
     */
    function convertToAssets(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be deposited into
     * the Vault for the `receiver`, through a `deposit` call.
     */
    function maxDeposit(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Maximum amount of shares that can be minted from the Vault for
     * the `receiver`, through a `mint` call.
     */
    function maxMint(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @notice Maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be withdrawn from
     * the `owner` balance in the Vault, through a `withdraw` call.
     */
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @notice Maximum amount of Vault shares that can be redeemed from
     * the `owner` balance in the Vault, through a `redeem` call.
     */
    function maxRedeem(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);
}