pragma solidity 0.5.17;

interface IERC20 {
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
}

library SafeMath {
    function add(uint256 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256 z) {
        require((z = x + y) >= x, "MATH:ADD_OVERFLOW");
    }

    function sub(uint256 x, uint256 y) internal pure returns (uint256 z) {
        require((z = x - y) <= x, "MATH:SUB_UNDERFLOW");
    }
}


// Lightweight token modelled after UNI-LP: https://github.com/Uniswap/uniswap-v2-core/blob/v1.0.1/contracts/UniswapV2ERC20.sol
// Adds:
//   - An exposed `mint()` with minting role
//   - An exposed `burn()`
//   - ERC-3009 (`transferWithAuthorization()`)

contract ZERO is IERC20 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    // bytes32 private constant EIP712DOMAIN_HASH = keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)")
    bytes32 private constant EIP712DOMAIN_HASH = 0x8b73c3c69bb8fe3d512ecc4cf759cc79239f7b179b0ffacaa9a75d522b39400f;
    // bytes32 private constant NAME_HASH = keccak256("Zero Exchange Token")
    bytes32 private constant NAME_HASH = 0xb842fe63d152980530213644bef33f942b91da9d9f990afde0934f9b22f28cf9;
    // bytes32 private constant VERSION_HASH = keccak256("1")
    bytes32 private constant VERSION_HASH = 0xc89efdaa54c0f20c7adf612882df0950f5a951637e0307cdcb4c672f298b8bc6;

    // bytes32 public constant PERMIT_TYPEHASH = keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)");
    bytes32 public constant PERMIT_TYPEHASH = 0x6e71edae12b1b97f4d1f60370fef10105fa2faae0126114a169c64845d6126c9;
    // bytes32 public constant TRANSFER_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH =
    // keccak256("TransferWithAuthorization(address from,address to,uint256 value,uint256 validAfter,uint256 validBefore,bytes32 nonce)");
    bytes32 public constant TRANSFER_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH = 0x7c7c6cdb67a18743f49ec6fa9b35f50d52ed05cbed4cc592e13b44501c1a2267;

    string public constant name = "Zero Exchange Token";
    string public constant symbol = "ZERO";
    uint8 public constant decimals = 18;
    uint256 private constant cap = 1000000000;

    address public minter;
    uint256 public totalSupply;
    mapping (address => uint256) public balanceOf;
    mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) public allowance;

    // ERC-2612, ERC-3009 state
    mapping (address => uint256) public nonces;
    mapping (address => mapping (bytes32 => bool)) public authorizationState;

    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
    event AuthorizationUsed(address indexed authorizer, bytes32 indexed nonce);
    event ChangeMinter(address indexed minter);

    modifier onlyMinter {
        require(msg.sender == minter, "ZERO:NOT_MINTER");
        _;
    }

    constructor(address initialMinter) public {
        _changeMinter(initialMinter);
    }

    function _validateSignedData(address signer, bytes32 encodeData, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal view {
        bytes32 digest = keccak256(
            abi.encodePacked(
                "\x19\x01",
                getDomainSeparator(),
                encodeData
            )
        );
        address recoveredAddress = ecrecover(digest, v, r, s);
        // Explicitly disallow authorizations for address(0) as ecrecover returns address(0) on malformed messages
        require(recoveredAddress != address(0) && recoveredAddress == signer, "ZERO:INVALID_SIGNATURE");
    }

    function _changeMinter(address newMinter) internal {
        minter = newMinter;
        emit ChangeMinter(newMinter);
    }

    function _mint(address to, uint256 value) internal {
        require(totalSupply.add(value) <= cap, "ZERO:CAP_EXCEEDED");
        totalSupply = totalSupply.add(value);
        balanceOf[to] = balanceOf[to].add(value);
        emit Transfer(address(0), to, value);
    }

    function _burn(address from, uint value) internal {
        // Balance is implicitly checked with SafeMath's underflow protection
        balanceOf[from] = balanceOf[from].sub(value);
        totalSupply = totalSupply.sub(value);
        emit Transfer(from, address(0), value);
    }

    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) private {
        allowance[owner][spender] = value;
        emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
    }

    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) private {
        require(to != address(this) && to != address(0), "ZERO:RECEIVER_IS_TOKEN_OR_ZERO");

        // Balance is implicitly checked with SafeMath's underflow protection
        balanceOf[from] = balanceOf[from].sub(value);
        balanceOf[to] = balanceOf[to].add(value);
        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    function getChainId() public pure returns (uint256 chainId) {
        assembly { chainId := chainid() }
    }

    function getDomainSeparator() public view returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(
            abi.encode(
                EIP712DOMAIN_HASH,
                NAME_HASH,
                VERSION_HASH,
                getChainId(),
                address(this)
            )
        );
    }

    function mint(address to, uint256 value) external onlyMinter returns (bool) {
        _mint(to, value);
        return true;
    }

    function changeMinter(address newMinter) external onlyMinter {
        _changeMinter(newMinter);
    }

    function burn(uint256 value) external returns (bool) {
        _burn(msg.sender, value);
        return true;
    }

    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool) {
        _approve(msg.sender, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool) {
        _transfer(msg.sender, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool) {
        uint256 fromAllowance = allowance[from][msg.sender];
        if (fromAllowance != uint256(-1)) {
            // Allowance is implicitly checked with SafeMath's underflow protection
            allowance[from][msg.sender] = fromAllowance.sub(value);
        }
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    function permit(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) external {
        require(deadline >= block.timestamp, "ZERO:AUTH_EXPIRED");

        bytes32 encodeData = keccak256(abi.encode(PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, nonces[owner]++, deadline));
        _validateSignedData(owner, encodeData, v, r, s);

        _approve(owner, spender, value);
    }

    function transferWithAuthorization(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 validAfter,
        uint256 validBefore,
        bytes32 nonce,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    )
        external
    {
        require(block.timestamp > validAfter, "ZERO:AUTH_NOT_YET_VALID");
        require(block.timestamp < validBefore, "ZERO:AUTH_EXPIRED");
        require(!authorizationState[from][nonce],  "ZERO:AUTH_ALREADY_USED");

        bytes32 encodeData = keccak256(abi.encode(TRANSFER_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH, from, to, value, validAfter, validBefore, nonce));
        _validateSignedData(from, encodeData, v, r, s);

        authorizationState[from][nonce] = true;
        emit AuthorizationUsed(from, nonce);

        _transfer(from, to, value);
    }
}