// File: 0.4-contracts/proxy_deployment/ICore.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

interface ICore {
    function tokenSold(uint256 _tokenId) external;
    function lastHorseSex() external view returns (bytes32);
    function exists(uint256 _tokenId) external view returns (bool);
    function balanceOf(address _owner) external view returns (uint256);
    function ownerOf(uint256 _tokenId) external view returns (address);
    function approve(address _approved, uint256 _tokenId) external payable;
    function getApproved(uint256 _tokenId) external view returns (address);
    function setApprovalForAll(address _to, bool _approved) external;
    function getHorseSex(uint256 _horse) external view returns (bytes32);
    function getTimestamp(uint256 _horse) external view returns (uint256);
    function getBaseValue(uint256 _horse) external view returns (uint256);
    function getBloodline(uint256 _horse) external view returns (bytes32);
    function setBaseValue(uint256 _horseId, uint256 _baseValue) external;
    function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _tokenId) external payable;
    function safeTransferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _tokenId) external payable;
    function isTokenApproved(address _spender, uint256 _tokenId) external view returns (bool);
    function mintToken(address _owner, string _hash, uint256 _batchNumber) external payable returns (uint256);
    function mintCustomHorse(address _owner, string _hash, uint256 _genotype, bytes32 _gender) external returns (uint256);
    function createOffspring(address _owner, string _hash, uint256 _male, uint256 _female) external payable returns (uint256);
    function getHorseData( uint256 _horse ) external view returns (string, bytes32, uint256, uint256, uint256, uint256, bytes32, bytes32);
}

// File: 0.4-contracts/proxy_deployment/IBreedTypes.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

interface IBreedTypes {
    function populateMatrix() external;
    function getBreedType(uint256 _id) external view returns(bytes32);
    function generateBreedType(uint256 _id, uint256 _father, uint256 _mother) external;
    function setBreedingAddress(address _breeding) external;
}

// File: 0.4-contracts/proxy_deployment/usingOraclize.sol

// <ORACLIZE_API>
// Release targetted at solc 0.4.25 to silence compiler warning/error messages, compatible down to 0.4.22
/*
Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Oraclize SRL
Copyright (c) 2016 Oraclize LTD



Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:



The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.



THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
*/

// This api is currently targeted at 0.4.22 to 0.4.25 (stable builds), please import oraclizeAPI_pre0.4.sol or oraclizeAPI_0.4 where necessary

pragma solidity >= 0.4.22 < 0.5;// Incompatible compiler version... please select one stated within pragma solidity or use different oraclizeAPI version

contract OraclizeI {
    address public cbAddress;
    function query(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg, uint _gaslimit) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query2(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg1, string _arg2) public payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function query2_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, string _arg1, string _arg2, uint _gaslimit) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function queryN(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, bytes _argN) public payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function queryN_withGasLimit(uint _timestamp, string _datasource, bytes _argN, uint _gaslimit) external payable returns (bytes32 _id);
    function getPrice(string _datasource) public returns (uint _dsprice);
    function getPrice(string _datasource, uint gaslimit) public returns (uint _dsprice);
    function setProofType(byte _proofType) external;
    function setCustomGasPrice(uint _gasPrice) external;
    function randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash() external constant returns(bytes32);
}

contract OraclizeAddrResolverI {
    function getAddress() public returns (address _addr);
}

/*
Begin solidity-cborutils

https://github.com/smartcontractkit/solidity-cborutils

MIT License

Copyright (c) 2018 SmartContract ChainLink, Ltd.

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
 */

library Buffer {
    struct buffer {
        bytes buf;
        uint capacity;
    }

    function init(buffer memory buf, uint _capacity) internal pure {
        uint capacity = _capacity;
        if(capacity % 32 != 0) capacity += 32 - (capacity % 32);
        // Allocate space for the buffer data
        buf.capacity = capacity;
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(buf, ptr)
            mstore(ptr, 0)
            mstore(0x40, add(ptr, capacity))
        }
    }

    function resize(buffer memory buf, uint capacity) private pure {
        bytes memory oldbuf = buf.buf;
        init(buf, capacity);
        append(buf, oldbuf);
    }

    function max(uint a, uint b) private pure returns(uint) {
        if(a > b) {
            return a;
        }
        return b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Appends a byte array to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so
     *      would exceed the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param buf The buffer to append to.
     * @param data The data to append.
     * @return The original buffer.
     */
    function append(buffer memory buf, bytes data) internal pure returns(buffer memory) {
        if(data.length + buf.buf.length > buf.capacity) {
            resize(buf, max(buf.capacity, data.length) * 2);
        }

        uint dest;
        uint src;
        uint len = data.length;
        assembly {
            // Memory address of the buffer data
            let bufptr := mload(buf)
            // Length of existing buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr)
            // Start address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length)
            dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), 32)
            // Update buffer length
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, mload(data)))
            src := add(data, 32)
        }

        // Copy word-length chunks while possible
        for(; len >= 32; len -= 32) {
            assembly {
                mstore(dest, mload(src))
            }
            dest += 32;
            src += 32;
        }

        // Copy remaining bytes
        uint mask = 256 ** (32 - len) - 1;
        assembly {
            let srcpart := and(mload(src), not(mask))
            let destpart := and(mload(dest), mask)
            mstore(dest, or(destpart, srcpart))
        }

        return buf;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Appends a byte to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so would
     * exceed the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param buf The buffer to append to.
     * @param data The data to append.
     * @return The original buffer.
     */
    function append(buffer memory buf, uint8 data) internal pure {
        if(buf.buf.length + 1 > buf.capacity) {
            resize(buf, buf.capacity * 2);
        }

        assembly {
            // Memory address of the buffer data
            let bufptr := mload(buf)
            // Length of existing buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr)
            // Address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length)
            let dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), 32)
            mstore8(dest, data)
            // Update buffer length
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, 1))
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Appends a byte to the end of the buffer. Resizes if doing so would
     * exceed the capacity of the buffer.
     * @param buf The buffer to append to.
     * @param data The data to append.
     * @return The original buffer.
     */
    function appendInt(buffer memory buf, uint data, uint len) internal pure returns(buffer memory) {
        if(len + buf.buf.length > buf.capacity) {
            resize(buf, max(buf.capacity, len) * 2);
        }

        uint mask = 256 ** len - 1;
        assembly {
            // Memory address of the buffer data
            let bufptr := mload(buf)
            // Length of existing buffer data
            let buflen := mload(bufptr)
            // Address = buffer address + buffer length + sizeof(buffer length) + len
            let dest := add(add(bufptr, buflen), len)
            mstore(dest, or(and(mload(dest), not(mask)), data))
            // Update buffer length
            mstore(bufptr, add(buflen, len))
        }
        return buf;
    }
}

library CBOR {
    using Buffer for Buffer.buffer;

    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_INT = 0;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_NEGATIVE_INT = 1;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_BYTES = 2;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_STRING = 3;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_ARRAY = 4;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_MAP = 5;
    uint8 private constant MAJOR_TYPE_CONTENT_FREE = 7;

    function encodeType(Buffer.buffer memory buf, uint8 major, uint value) private pure {
        if(value <= 23) {
            buf.append(uint8((major << 5) | value));
        } else if(value <= 0xFF) {
            buf.append(uint8((major << 5) | 24));
            buf.appendInt(value, 1);
        } else if(value <= 0xFFFF) {
            buf.append(uint8((major << 5) | 25));
            buf.appendInt(value, 2);
        } else if(value <= 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            buf.append(uint8((major << 5) | 26));
            buf.appendInt(value, 4);
        } else if(value <= 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) {
            buf.append(uint8((major << 5) | 27));
            buf.appendInt(value, 8);
        }
    }

    function encodeIndefiniteLengthType(Buffer.buffer memory buf, uint8 major) private pure {
        buf.append(uint8((major << 5) | 31));
    }

    function encodeUInt(Buffer.buffer memory buf, uint value) internal pure {
        encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_INT, value);
    }

    function encodeInt(Buffer.buffer memory buf, int value) internal pure {
        if(value >= 0) {
            encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_INT, uint(value));
        } else {
            encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_NEGATIVE_INT, uint(-1 - value));
        }
    }

    function encodeBytes(Buffer.buffer memory buf, bytes value) internal pure {
        encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_BYTES, value.length);
        buf.append(value);
    }

    function encodeString(Buffer.buffer memory buf, string value) internal pure {
        encodeType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_STRING, bytes(value).length);
        buf.append(bytes(value));
    }

    function startArray(Buffer.buffer memory buf) internal pure {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_ARRAY);
    }

    function startMap(Buffer.buffer memory buf) internal pure {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_MAP);
    }

    function endSequence(Buffer.buffer memory buf) internal pure {
        encodeIndefiniteLengthType(buf, MAJOR_TYPE_CONTENT_FREE);
    }
}

/*
End solidity-cborutils
 */

contract usingOraclize {
    uint constant day = 60*60*24;
    uint constant week = 60*60*24*7;
    uint constant month = 60*60*24*30;
    byte constant proofType_NONE = 0x00;
    byte constant proofType_TLSNotary = 0x10;
    byte constant proofType_Ledger = 0x30;
    byte constant proofType_Android = 0x40;
    byte constant proofType_Native = 0xF0;
    byte constant proofStorage_IPFS = 0x01;
    uint8 constant networkID_auto = 0;
    uint8 constant networkID_mainnet = 1;
    uint8 constant networkID_testnet = 2;
    uint8 constant networkID_morden = 2;
    uint8 constant networkID_consensys = 161;

    OraclizeAddrResolverI OAR;

    OraclizeI oraclize;
    modifier oraclizeAPI {
        if((address(OAR)==0)||(getCodeSize(address(OAR))==0))
            oraclize_setNetwork(networkID_auto);

        if(address(oraclize) != OAR.getAddress())
            oraclize = OraclizeI(OAR.getAddress());

        _;
    }
    modifier coupon(string code){
        oraclize = OraclizeI(OAR.getAddress());
        _;
    }

    function oraclize_setNetwork(uint8 networkID) internal returns(bool){
      return oraclize_setNetwork();
      networkID; // silence the warning and remain backwards compatible
    }
    function oraclize_setNetwork() internal returns(bool){
        if (getCodeSize(0x1d3B2638a7cC9f2CB3D298A3DA7a90B67E5506ed)>0){ //mainnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x1d3B2638a7cC9f2CB3D298A3DA7a90B67E5506ed);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_mainnet");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0xc03A2615D5efaf5F49F60B7BB6583eaec212fdf1)>0){ //ropsten testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0xc03A2615D5efaf5F49F60B7BB6583eaec212fdf1);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_ropsten3");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0xB7A07BcF2Ba2f2703b24C0691b5278999C59AC7e)>0){ //kovan testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0xB7A07BcF2Ba2f2703b24C0691b5278999C59AC7e);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_kovan");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x146500cfd35B22E4A392Fe0aDc06De1a1368Ed48)>0){ //rinkeby testnet
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x146500cfd35B22E4A392Fe0aDc06De1a1368Ed48);
            oraclize_setNetworkName("eth_rinkeby");
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475)>0){ //ethereum-bridge
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475);
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x20e12A1F859B3FeaE5Fb2A0A32C18F5a65555bBF)>0){ //ether.camp ide
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x20e12A1F859B3FeaE5Fb2A0A32C18F5a65555bBF);
            return true;
        }
        if (getCodeSize(0x51efaF4c8B3C9AfBD5aB9F4bbC82784Ab6ef8fAA)>0){ //browser-solidity
            OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x51efaF4c8B3C9AfBD5aB9F4bbC82784Ab6ef8fAA);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    function __callback(bytes32 myid, string result) public {
        __callback(myid, result, new bytes(0));
    }
    function __callback(bytes32 myid, string result, bytes proof) public {
      return;
      // Following should never be reached with a preceding return, however
      // this is just a placeholder function, ideally meant to be defined in
      // child contract when proofs are used
      myid; result; proof; // Silence compiler warnings
      oraclize = OraclizeI(0); // Additional compiler silence about making function pure/view.
    }

    function oraclize_getPrice(string datasource) oraclizeAPI internal returns (uint){
        return oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
    }

    function oraclize_getPrice(string datasource, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (uint){
        return oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query.value(price)(0, datasource, arg);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, arg, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg1, string arg2) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2.value(price)(0, datasource, arg1, arg2);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg1, string arg2) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg1, arg2);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string arg1, string arg2, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, arg1, arg2, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string arg1, string arg2, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        return oraclize.query2_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, arg1, arg2, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(0, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = stra2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, string[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, string[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        string[] memory dynargs = new string[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(0, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[] argN) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*200000) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(timestamp, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[] argN, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id){
        uint price = oraclize.getPrice(datasource, gaslimit);
        if (price > 1 ether + tx.gasprice*gaslimit) return 0; // unexpectedly high price
        bytes memory args = ba2cbor(argN);
        return oraclize.queryN_withGasLimit.value(price)(0, datasource, args, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[1] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[1] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](1);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[2] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[2] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](2);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[3] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[3] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](3);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[4] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[4] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](4);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[5] args) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs);
    }
    function oraclize_query(uint timestamp, string datasource, bytes[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(timestamp, datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }
    function oraclize_query(string datasource, bytes[5] args, uint gaslimit) oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32 id) {
        bytes[] memory dynargs = new bytes[](5);
        dynargs[0] = args[0];
        dynargs[1] = args[1];
        dynargs[2] = args[2];
        dynargs[3] = args[3];
        dynargs[4] = args[4];
        return oraclize_query(datasource, dynargs, gaslimit);
    }

    function oraclize_cbAddress() oraclizeAPI internal returns (address){
        return oraclize.cbAddress();
    }
    function oraclize_setProof(byte proofP) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setProofType(proofP);
    }
    function oraclize_setCustomGasPrice(uint gasPrice) oraclizeAPI internal {
        return oraclize.setCustomGasPrice(gasPrice);
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash() oraclizeAPI internal returns (bytes32){
        return oraclize.randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash();
    }

    function getCodeSize(address _addr) view internal returns(uint _size) {
        assembly {
            _size := extcodesize(_addr)
        }
    }

    function parseAddr(string _a) internal pure returns (address){
        bytes memory tmp = bytes(_a);
        uint160 iaddr = 0;
        uint160 b1;
        uint160 b2;
        for (uint i=2; i<2+2*20; i+=2){
            iaddr *= 256;
            b1 = uint160(tmp[i]);
            b2 = uint160(tmp[i+1]);
            if ((b1 >= 97)&&(b1 <= 102)) b1 -= 87;
            else if ((b1 >= 65)&&(b1 <= 70)) b1 -= 55;
            else if ((b1 >= 48)&&(b1 <= 57)) b1 -= 48;
            if ((b2 >= 97)&&(b2 <= 102)) b2 -= 87;
            else if ((b2 >= 65)&&(b2 <= 70)) b2 -= 55;
            else if ((b2 >= 48)&&(b2 <= 57)) b2 -= 48;
            iaddr += (b1*16+b2);
        }
        return address(iaddr);
    }

    function strCompare(string _a, string _b) internal pure returns (int) {
        bytes memory a = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory b = bytes(_b);
        uint minLength = a.length;
        if (b.length < minLength) minLength = b.length;
        for (uint i = 0; i < minLength; i ++)
            if (a[i] < b[i])
                return -1;
            else if (a[i] > b[i])
                return 1;
        if (a.length < b.length)
            return -1;
        else if (a.length > b.length)
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }

    function indexOf(string _haystack, string _needle) internal pure returns (int) {
        bytes memory h = bytes(_haystack);
        bytes memory n = bytes(_needle);
        if(h.length < 1 || n.length < 1 || (n.length > h.length))
            return -1;
        else if(h.length > (2**128 -1))
            return -1;
        else
        {
            uint subindex = 0;
            for (uint i = 0; i < h.length; i ++)
            {
                if (h[i] == n[0])
                {
                    subindex = 1;
                    while(subindex < n.length && (i + subindex) < h.length && h[i + subindex] == n[subindex])
                    {
                        subindex++;
                    }
                    if(subindex == n.length)
                        return int(i);
                }
            }
            return -1;
        }
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c, string _d, string _e) internal pure returns (string) {
        bytes memory _ba = bytes(_a);
        bytes memory _bb = bytes(_b);
        bytes memory _bc = bytes(_c);
        bytes memory _bd = bytes(_d);
        bytes memory _be = bytes(_e);
        string memory abcde = new string(_ba.length + _bb.length + _bc.length + _bd.length + _be.length);
        bytes memory babcde = bytes(abcde);
        uint k = 0;
        for (uint i = 0; i < _ba.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _ba[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _bb.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bb[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _bc.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bc[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _bd.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _bd[i];
        for (i = 0; i < _be.length; i++) babcde[k++] = _be[i];
        return string(babcde);
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c, string _d) internal pure returns (string) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, _c, _d, "");
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b, string _c) internal pure returns (string) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, _c, "", "");
    }

    function strConcat(string _a, string _b) internal pure returns (string) {
        return strConcat(_a, _b, "", "", "");
    }

    // parseInt
    function parseInt(string _a) internal pure returns (uint) {
        return parseInt(_a, 0);
    }

    // parseInt(parseFloat*10^_b)
    function parseInt(string _a, uint _b) internal pure returns (uint) {
        bytes memory bresult = bytes(_a);
        uint mint = 0;
        bool decimals = false;
        for (uint i=0; i<bresult.length; i++){
            if ((bresult[i] >= 48)&&(bresult[i] <= 57)){
                if (decimals){
                   if (_b == 0) break;
                    else _b--;
                }
                mint *= 10;
                mint += uint(bresult[i]) - 48;
            } else if (bresult[i] == 46) decimals = true;
        }
        if (_b > 0) mint *= 10**_b;
        return mint;
    }

    function uint2str(uint i) internal pure returns (string){
        if (i == 0) return "0";
        uint j = i;
        uint len;
        while (j != 0){
            len++;
            j /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory bstr = new bytes(len);
        uint k = len - 1;
        while (i != 0){
            bstr[k--] = byte(48 + i % 10);
            i /= 10;
        }
        return string(bstr);
    }

    using CBOR for Buffer.buffer;
    function stra2cbor(string[] arr) internal pure returns (bytes) {
        safeMemoryCleaner();
        Buffer.buffer memory buf;
        Buffer.init(buf, 1024);
        buf.startArray();
        for (uint i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            buf.encodeString(arr[i]);
        }
        buf.endSequence();
        return buf.buf;
    }

    function ba2cbor(bytes[] arr) internal pure returns (bytes) {
        safeMemoryCleaner();
        Buffer.buffer memory buf;
        Buffer.init(buf, 1024);
        buf.startArray();
        for (uint i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            buf.encodeBytes(arr[i]);
        }
        buf.endSequence();
        return buf.buf;
    }

    string oraclize_network_name;
    function oraclize_setNetworkName(string _network_name) internal {
        oraclize_network_name = _network_name;
    }

    function oraclize_getNetworkName() internal view returns (string) {
        return oraclize_network_name;
    }

    function oraclize_newRandomDSQuery(uint _delay, uint _nbytes, uint _customGasLimit) internal returns (bytes32){
        require((_nbytes > 0) && (_nbytes <= 32));
        // Convert from seconds to ledger timer ticks
        _delay *= 10;
        bytes memory nbytes = new bytes(1);
        nbytes[0] = byte(_nbytes);
        bytes memory unonce = new bytes(32);
        bytes memory sessionKeyHash = new bytes(32);
        bytes32 sessionKeyHash_bytes32 = oraclize_randomDS_getSessionPubKeyHash();
        assembly {
            mstore(unonce, 0x20)
            // the following variables can be relaxed
            // check relaxed random contract under ethereum-examples repo
            // for an idea on how to override and replace comit hash vars
            mstore(add(unonce, 0x20), xor(blockhash(sub(number, 1)), xor(coinbase, timestamp)))
            mstore(sessionKeyHash, 0x20)
            mstore(add(sessionKeyHash, 0x20), sessionKeyHash_bytes32)
        }
        bytes memory delay = new bytes(32);
        assembly {
            mstore(add(delay, 0x20), _delay)
        }

        bytes memory delay_bytes8 = new bytes(8);
        copyBytes(delay, 24, 8, delay_bytes8, 0);

        bytes[4] memory args = [unonce, nbytes, sessionKeyHash, delay];
        bytes32 queryId = oraclize_query("random", args, _customGasLimit);

        bytes memory delay_bytes8_left = new bytes(8);

        assembly {
            let x := mload(add(delay_bytes8, 0x20))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x27), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x26), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x25), div(x, 0x10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x24), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x23), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x22), div(x, 0x10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x21), div(x, 0x100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))
            mstore8(add(delay_bytes8_left, 0x20), div(x, 0x1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000))

        }

        oraclize_randomDS_setCommitment(queryId, keccak256(abi.encodePacked(delay_bytes8_left, args[1], sha256(args[0]), args[2])));
        return queryId;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_setCommitment(bytes32 queryId, bytes32 commitment) internal {
        oraclize_randomDS_args[queryId] = commitment;
    }

    mapping(bytes32=>bytes32) oraclize_randomDS_args;
    mapping(bytes32=>bool) oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified;

    function verifySig(bytes32 tosignh, bytes dersig, bytes pubkey) internal returns (bool){
        bool sigok;
        address signer;

        bytes32 sigr;
        bytes32 sigs;

        bytes memory sigr_ = new bytes(32);
        uint offset = 4+(uint(dersig[3]) - 0x20);
        sigr_ = copyBytes(dersig, offset, 32, sigr_, 0);
        bytes memory sigs_ = new bytes(32);
        offset += 32 + 2;
        sigs_ = copyBytes(dersig, offset+(uint(dersig[offset-1]) - 0x20), 32, sigs_, 0);

        assembly {
            sigr := mload(add(sigr_, 32))
            sigs := mload(add(sigs_, 32))
        }


        (sigok, signer) = safer_ecrecover(tosignh, 27, sigr, sigs);
        if (address(keccak256(pubkey)) == signer) return true;
        else {
            (sigok, signer) = safer_ecrecover(tosignh, 28, sigr, sigs);
            return (address(keccak256(pubkey)) == signer);
        }
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__sessionKeyValidity(bytes proof, uint sig2offset) internal returns (bool) {
        bool sigok;

        // Step 6: verify the attestation signature, APPKEY1 must sign the sessionKey from the correct ledger app (CODEHASH)
        bytes memory sig2 = new bytes(uint(proof[sig2offset+1])+2);
        copyBytes(proof, sig2offset, sig2.length, sig2, 0);

        bytes memory appkey1_pubkey = new bytes(64);
        copyBytes(proof, 3+1, 64, appkey1_pubkey, 0);

        bytes memory tosign2 = new bytes(1+65+32);
        tosign2[0] = byte(1); //role
        copyBytes(proof, sig2offset-65, 65, tosign2, 1);
        bytes memory CODEHASH = hex"fd94fa71bc0ba10d39d464d0d8f465efeef0a2764e3887fcc9df41ded20f505c";
        copyBytes(CODEHASH, 0, 32, tosign2, 1+65);
        sigok = verifySig(sha256(tosign2), sig2, appkey1_pubkey);

        if (sigok == false) return false;


        // Step 7: verify the APPKEY1 provenance (must be signed by Ledger)
        bytes memory LEDGERKEY = hex"7fb956469c5c9b89840d55b43537e66a98dd4811ea0a27224272c2e5622911e8537a2f8e86a46baec82864e98dd01e9ccc2f8bc5dfc9cbe5a91a290498dd96e4";

        bytes memory tosign3 = new bytes(1+65);
        tosign3[0] = 0xFE;
        copyBytes(proof, 3, 65, tosign3, 1);

        bytes memory sig3 = new bytes(uint(proof[3+65+1])+2);
        copyBytes(proof, 3+65, sig3.length, sig3, 0);

        sigok = verifySig(sha256(tosign3), sig3, LEDGERKEY);

        return sigok;
    }

    modifier oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify(bytes32 _queryId, string _result, bytes _proof) {
        // Step 1: the prefix has to match 'LP\x01' (Ledger Proof version 1)
        require((_proof[0] == "L") && (_proof[1] == "P") && (_proof[2] == 1));

        bool proofVerified = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(_proof, _queryId, bytes(_result), oraclize_getNetworkName());
        require(proofVerified);

        _;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__returnCode(bytes32 _queryId, string _result, bytes _proof) internal returns (uint8){
        // Step 1: the prefix has to match 'LP\x01' (Ledger Proof version 1)
        if ((_proof[0] != "L")||(_proof[1] != "P")||(_proof[2] != 1)) return 1;

        bool proofVerified = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(_proof, _queryId, bytes(_result), oraclize_getNetworkName());
        if (proofVerified == false) return 2;

        return 0;
    }

    function matchBytes32Prefix(bytes32 content, bytes prefix, uint n_random_bytes) internal pure returns (bool){
        bool match_ = true;

        require(prefix.length == n_random_bytes);

        for (uint256 i=0; i< n_random_bytes; i++) {
            if (content[i] != prefix[i]) match_ = false;
        }

        return match_;
    }

    function oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__main(bytes proof, bytes32 queryId, bytes result, string context_name) internal returns (bool){

        // Step 2: the unique keyhash has to match with the sha256 of (context name + queryId)
        uint ledgerProofLength = 3+65+(uint(proof[3+65+1])+2)+32;
        bytes memory keyhash = new bytes(32);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength, 32, keyhash, 0);
        if (!(keccak256(keyhash) == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(sha256(abi.encodePacked(context_name, queryId)))))) return false;

        bytes memory sig1 = new bytes(uint(proof[ledgerProofLength+(32+8+1+32)+1])+2);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength+(32+8+1+32), sig1.length, sig1, 0);

        // Step 3: we assume sig1 is valid (it will be verified during step 5) and we verify if 'result' is the prefix of sha256(sig1)
        if (!matchBytes32Prefix(sha256(sig1), result, uint(proof[ledgerProofLength+32+8]))) return false;

        // Step 4: commitment match verification, keccak256(delay, nbytes, unonce, sessionKeyHash) == commitment in storage.
        // This is to verify that the computed args match with the ones specified in the query.
        bytes memory commitmentSlice1 = new bytes(8+1+32);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength+32, 8+1+32, commitmentSlice1, 0);

        bytes memory sessionPubkey = new bytes(64);
        uint sig2offset = ledgerProofLength+32+(8+1+32)+sig1.length+65;
        copyBytes(proof, sig2offset-64, 64, sessionPubkey, 0);

        bytes32 sessionPubkeyHash = sha256(sessionPubkey);
        if (oraclize_randomDS_args[queryId] == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(commitmentSlice1, sessionPubkeyHash))){ //unonce, nbytes and sessionKeyHash match
            delete oraclize_randomDS_args[queryId];
        } else return false;


        // Step 5: validity verification for sig1 (keyhash and args signed with the sessionKey)
        bytes memory tosign1 = new bytes(32+8+1+32);
        copyBytes(proof, ledgerProofLength, 32+8+1+32, tosign1, 0);
        if (!verifySig(sha256(tosign1), sig1, sessionPubkey)) return false;

        // verify if sessionPubkeyHash was verified already, if not.. let's do it!
        if (oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash] == false){
            oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash] = oraclize_randomDS_proofVerify__sessionKeyValidity(proof, sig2offset);
        }

        return oraclize_randomDS_sessionKeysHashVerified[sessionPubkeyHash];
    }

    // the following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    function copyBytes(bytes from, uint fromOffset, uint length, bytes to, uint toOffset) internal pure returns (bytes) {
        uint minLength = length + toOffset;

        // Buffer too small
        require(to.length >= minLength); // Should be a better way?

        // NOTE: the offset 32 is added to skip the `size` field of both bytes variables
        uint i = 32 + fromOffset;
        uint j = 32 + toOffset;

        while (i < (32 + fromOffset + length)) {
            assembly {
                let tmp := mload(add(from, i))
                mstore(add(to, j), tmp)
            }
            i += 32;
            j += 32;
        }

        return to;
    }

    // the following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    // Duplicate Solidity's ecrecover, but catching the CALL return value
    function safer_ecrecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal returns (bool, address) {
        // We do our own memory management here. Solidity uses memory offset
        // 0x40 to store the current end of memory. We write past it (as
        // writes are memory extensions), but don't update the offset so
        // Solidity will reuse it. The memory used here is only needed for
        // this context.

        // FIXME: inline assembly can't access return values
        bool ret;
        address addr;

        assembly {
            let size := mload(0x40)
            mstore(size, hash)
            mstore(add(size, 32), v)
            mstore(add(size, 64), r)
            mstore(add(size, 96), s)

            // NOTE: we can reuse the request memory because we deal with
            //       the return code
            ret := call(3000, 1, 0, size, 128, size, 32)
            addr := mload(size)
        }

        return (ret, addr);
    }

    // the following function has been written by Alex Beregszaszi (@axic), use it under the terms of the MIT license
    function ecrecovery(bytes32 hash, bytes sig) internal returns (bool, address) {
        bytes32 r;
        bytes32 s;
        uint8 v;

        if (sig.length != 65)
          return (false, 0);

        // The signature format is a compact form of:
        //   {bytes32 r}{bytes32 s}{uint8 v}
        // Compact means, uint8 is not padded to 32 bytes.
        assembly {
            r := mload(add(sig, 32))
            s := mload(add(sig, 64))

            // Here we are loading the last 32 bytes. We exploit the fact that
            // 'mload' will pad with zeroes if we overread.
            // There is no 'mload8' to do this, but that would be nicer.
            v := byte(0, mload(add(sig, 96)))

            // Alternative solution:
            // 'byte' is not working due to the Solidity parser, so lets
            // use the second best option, 'and'
            // v := and(mload(add(sig, 65)), 255)
        }

        // albeit non-transactional signatures are not specified by the YP, one would expect it
        // to match the YP range of [27, 28]
        //
        // geth uses [0, 1] and some clients have followed. This might change, see:
        //  https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/2053
        if (v < 27)
          v += 27;

        if (v != 27 && v != 28)
            return (false, 0);

        return safer_ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    function safeMemoryCleaner() internal pure {
        assembly {
            let fmem := mload(0x40)
            codecopy(fmem, codesize, sub(msize, fmem))
        }
    }

}
// </ORACLIZE_API>

// File: 0.4-contracts/proxy_deployment/Roles.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;

/**
 * @title Roles
 * @dev Library for managing addresses assigned to a Role.
 */
library Roles {
    struct Role {
        mapping (address => bool) bearer;
    }

    /**
     * @dev give an account access to this role
     */
    function add(Role storage role, address account) internal {
        require(account != address(0), "add: invalid account address");
        require(!has(role, account), "add: account is already added");

        role.bearer[account] = true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev remove an account's access to this role
     */
    function remove(Role storage role, address account) internal {
        require(account != address(0), "remove: invalid account address");
        require(has(role, account), "add: account is not defined");

        role.bearer[account] = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev check if an account has this role
     * @return bool
     */
    function has(Role storage role, address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        require(account != address(0), "has: invalid account address");
        return role.bearer[account];
    }
}

// File: 0.4-contracts/proxy_deployment/StudServiceAdmin.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


contract StudServiceAdmin {
    using Roles for Roles.Role;

    event StudServiceAdminAdded(address indexed account);
    event StudServiceAdminRemoved(address indexed account);

    Roles.Role private _StudServiceAdmins;

    constructor () internal {
        _addStudServiceAdmin(msg.sender);
    }

    modifier onlyStudServiceAdmin() {
        require(isStudServiceAdmin(msg.sender));
        _;
    }

    function isStudServiceAdmin(address account) public view returns (bool) {
        return _StudServiceAdmins.has(account);
    }

    function addStudServiceAdmin(address account) public onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        _addStudServiceAdmin(account);
    }

    function renounceStudServiceAdmin() public onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        _removeStudServiceAdmin(msg.sender);
    }

    function _addStudServiceAdmin(address account) internal {
        _StudServiceAdmins.add(account);
        emit StudServiceAdminAdded(account);
    }

    function _removeStudServiceAdmin(address account) internal {
        _StudServiceAdmins.remove(account);
        emit StudServiceAdminRemoved(account);
    }
}

// File: openzeppelin-eth/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;


/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that revert on error
 */
library SafeMath {

  /**
  * @dev Multiplies two numbers, reverts on overflow.
  */
  function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
    // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
    // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/pull/522
    if (a == 0) {
      return 0;
    }

    uint256 c = a * b;
    require(c / a == b);

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Integer division of two numbers truncating the quotient, reverts on division by zero.
  */
  function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(b > 0); // Solidity only automatically asserts when dividing by 0
    uint256 c = a / b;
    // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Subtracts two numbers, reverts on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
  */
  function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(b <= a);
    uint256 c = a - b;

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Adds two numbers, reverts on overflow.
  */
  function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    uint256 c = a + b;
    require(c >= a);

    return c;
  }

  /**
  * @dev Divides two numbers and returns the remainder (unsigned integer modulo),
  * reverts when dividing by zero.
  */
  function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(b != 0);
    return a % b;
  }
}

// File: 0.4-contracts/proxy_deployment/StudServiceV3.sol

pragma solidity ^0.4.24;






/*
 * @description StudServiceV3 introducing the updated model with getters and fixes. Refer to StudServiceV2 for the old one.
 */
contract StudServiceV3 is StudServiceAdmin, usingOraclize {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    uint256 private _baseFee;
    uint256[] private _horsesInStud;
    string private _oraclizeUrl;

    ICore private _core;
    IBreedTypes private _breedTypes;

    struct StudInfo {
        bool inStud;
        uint256 matingPrice;
        uint256 duration;
        uint256 studCreatedAt;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => bool) private _timeframes;
    mapping(uint256 => StudInfo) private _studs;
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _horseIndex;
    mapping(uint256 => bool) private _currentlyInStud;
    mapping(bytes32 => uint256) private _bloodlineWeights;
    mapping(bytes32 => uint256) private _breedTypeWeights;

    event HorseInStud(
        uint256 horseId,
        uint256 matingPrice,
        uint256 duration,
        uint256 timestamp
    );
    event HorseDisabledFromStud(uint256 horseId, uint256 timestamp);
    event HorseRemovedFromStud(uint256 horseId, uint256 timestamp);

    modifier onlyHorseOwner(uint256 horseId) {
        require(msg.sender == _core.ownerOf(horseId), "SS notOwnerOfHorse");
        _;
    }

    /*
     *  @dev We only remove the horse from the mapping ONCE the '__callback' is called, this is for a reason.
     *  For Studs we use Oraclize as a service for queries in the future but we also have a function
     *  to manually remove the horse from stud but this does not cancel the
     *  query that was already sent, so the horse is blocked from being in Stud again until the
     *  callback is called and effectively removing it from stud.
     *
     *  Main case: User puts horse in stud, horse is manually removed, horse is put in stud
     *  again thus creating another query, this time the user decides to leave the horse
     *  for the whole period of time but the first query which couldn't be cancelled is
     *  executed, calling the '__callback' function and removing the horse from Stud and leaving
     *  yet another query in air.
     */

    constructor (ICore core, IBreedTypes breedTypes) public {
        // Set core and breedtypes contracts
        _core = core;
        _breedTypes = breedTypes;

        // Nakamoto - Szabo - Finney - Buterin
        _bloodlineWeights[bytes32("N")] = 180;
        _bloodlineWeights[bytes32("S")] = 120;
        _bloodlineWeights[bytes32("F")] = 40;
        _bloodlineWeights[bytes32("B")] = 15;

        // Genesis - Legendary - Exclusive - Elite - Cross - Pacer
        _breedTypeWeights[bytes32("genesis")] = 180;
        _breedTypeWeights[bytes32("legendary")] = 150;
        _breedTypeWeights[bytes32("exclusive")] = 120;
        _breedTypeWeights[bytes32("elite")] = 90;
        _breedTypeWeights[bytes32("cross")] = 80;
        _breedTypeWeights[bytes32("pacer")] = 60;

        _timeframes[86400] = true;
        _timeframes[259200] = true;
        _timeframes[604800] = true;

        _baseFee = 0.05 ether;
        _oraclizeUrl = "json(https://api.zed.run/api/v1/remove_horse_stud).horse_id";

        // OAR = OraclizeAddrResolverI(0x6f485C8BF6fc43eA212E93BBF8ce046C7f1cb475);
    }

    function() external payable {
        // empty fallback method
    }

    /*      USERS PUBLIC METHODS      */

    /*
     *  @dev We don't need to check here if the horse is on sale or not, this is done by default because
     *  the horse is transferred to another address (Core) when the user puts the horse on auction,
     *  this means they won't be able to place them here as they're not the owner of the horse
     */

    function putInStud(uint256 horseId, uint256 matingPrice, uint256 duration)
        external
        payable
        onlyHorseOwner(horseId)
    {
        require(
            msg.value >= oraclize_getPrice("URL"),
            "SS oraclizePriceNotMet"
        );

        _putInstud(horseId, matingPrice, duration);

        emit HorseInStud(horseId, matingPrice, duration, block.timestamp);
    }

    function removeFromStud(uint256 horseId) external onlyHorseOwner(horseId) {
        require(isHorseInStud(horseId), "SS horseIsNotInStud");

        // The horse will be removed from Stud (Will not be visible) but whoever is the owner will have
        // to wait for the initial cooldown or that '__callback' is called to be able to put the horse
        // in stud again, unless 'removeHorseOWN/1' is called by the 'owner'.
        _deleteHorseFromStud(horseId);

        emit HorseDisabledFromStud(horseId, block.timestamp);
    }

    function __callback(bytes32 _id, string _result) public {
        require(msg.sender == oraclize_cbAddress(), "SS notOraclize");

        // manually remove the horse from stud since removeFromStud/1 allows only the owner
        uint256 horseId = parseInt(_result);
        _disableHorseFromStud(horseId);

        emit HorseRemovedFromStud(horseId, block.timestamp);
    }

    /*      ADMIN RESTRICTED METHOD      */

    function adminPutInStud(
        uint256 horseId,
        uint256 matingPrice,
        uint256 duration
    ) external payable onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        require(
            msg.value >= oraclize_getPrice("URL"),
            "SS oraclizePriceNotMet"
        );

        _putInstud(horseId, matingPrice, duration);
        emit HorseInStud(horseId, matingPrice, duration, block.timestamp);
    }

    function adminRemoveHorseFromstud(uint256 horseId)
        external
        onlyStudServiceAdmin
    {
        _disableHorseFromStud(horseId);

        emit HorseRemovedFromStud(horseId, block.timestamp);
    }

    function makeAvailableForStud(uint256 horseId)
        external
        onlyStudServiceAdmin
    {
        _currentlyInStud[horseId] = false;
    }

    function setBreedTypesAddress(IBreedTypes breedTypes)
        external
        onlyStudServiceAdmin
    {
        require(
            address(breedTypes) != address(0),
            "setBreedTypesAddress: invalid breedtypes contract address"
        );
        _breedTypes = breedTypes;
    }

    function setCoreAddress(ICore core) external onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        require(
            address(core) != address(0),
            "setCoreAddress: invalid core contract address"
        );
        _core = core;
    }

    /*      ADMIN SETTERS      */

    function setBreedTypeWeight(bytes32 breedType, uint256 weight)
        external
        onlyStudServiceAdmin
    {
        _breedTypeWeights[breedType] = weight;
    }

    function setBloodlineWeight(bytes32 bloodType, uint256 weight)
        external
        onlyStudServiceAdmin
    {
        _bloodlineWeights[bloodType] = weight;
    }

    function setBaseFee(uint256 baseFee) external onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        _baseFee = baseFee;
    }

    function setOraclizeUrl(string newUrl) external onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        _oraclizeUrl = newUrl;
    }

    function addTimeFrame(uint256 secondsFrame) external onlyStudServiceAdmin {
        require(secondsFrame > 0, "addTimeFrame: invalid seconds frame");
        require(
            !_timeframes[secondsFrame],
            "addTimeFrame: seconds frame already active"
        );

        _timeframes[secondsFrame] = true;
    }

    function removeTimeFrame(uint256 secondsFrame)
        external
        onlyStudServiceAdmin
    {
        require(
            _timeframes[secondsFrame],
            "removeTimeFrame: seconds frame is not found"
        );

        _timeframes[secondsFrame] = false;
    }

    /*      PUBLIC GETTERS      */

    function getMinimumBreedPrice(uint256 horseId)
        public
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        bytes32 breedType;
        bytes32 breedTypeFromContract = _breedTypes.getBreedType(horseId);

        // If the horse exists and the returned value from breed type is the default one (0x00000...)
        // it means it is a genesis horse. Otherwise we will just stick to the value returned by the call
        if (breedTypeFromContract == bytes32(0)) {
            breedType = bytes32("genesis");
        } else {
            breedType = breedTypeFromContract;
        }

        // Get horse data
        bytes32 bloodline = _core.getBloodline(horseId);
        uint256 bloodlineWeight = _bloodlineWeights[bloodline]
            .mul(0.80 ether)
            .div(100);
        uint256 breedWeight = _breedTypeWeights[breedType].mul(0.20 ether).div(
            100
        );

        return bloodlineWeight.add(breedWeight).mul(_baseFee).div(1 ether);
    }

    function isTimeframeExist(uint256 duration) external view returns (bool) {
        return _timeframes[duration];
    }

    function getStudInfo(uint256 horseId)
        external
        view
        returns (bool, uint256, uint256, uint256)
    {
        StudInfo memory stud = _studs[horseId];
        return (
            stud.inStud,
            stud.matingPrice,
            stud.duration,
            stud.studCreatedAt
        );
    }

    function getHorseIndex(uint256 horseId) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _horseIndex[horseId];
    }

    function getBreedTypeWeight(bytes32 breedType)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _breedTypeWeights[breedType];
    }

    function getBloodLineWeight(bytes32 bloodLine)
        external
        view
        returns (uint256)
    {
        return _bloodlineWeights[bloodLine];
    }

    function getQueryPrice() external view returns (uint256) {
        return oraclize_getPrice("URL");
    }

    function getHorsesInStud() external view returns (uint256[]) {
        return _horsesInStud;
    }

    function getMatingPrice(uint256 horseId) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _studs[horseId].matingPrice;
    }

    function getStudTime(uint256 horseId) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _studs[horseId].duration;
    }

    function getOraclizeUrl() external view returns (string) {
        return _oraclizeUrl;
    }

    function getBaseFee() external view returns (uint256) {
        return _baseFee;
    }

    function getCore() external view returns (address) {
        return address(_core);
    }

    function getBreedTypes() external view returns (address) {
        return address(_breedTypes);
    }

    function isHorseInStud(uint256 horseId) public view returns (bool) {
        return _studs[horseId].inStud;
    }

    function isCurentlyInStud(uint256 horseId) external view returns (bool) {
        return _currentlyInStud[horseId];
    }

    /*      PRIVATE     */

    function _putInstud(uint256 horseId, uint256 matingPrice, uint256 duration)
        private
    {
        // We're checking the horse exists because we're relying on the breed type for genesis to be a default value.
        // this way we don't get false positives for horses that don't exist
        require(_core.exists(horseId), "SS horseDoesNotExist");
        require(
            bytes32("M") == _core.getHorseSex(horseId),
            "SS horseIsNotMale"
        );
        require(!_currentlyInStud[horseId], "SS horseIsInStud");

        uint256 _minimumBreedPrice = getMinimumBreedPrice(horseId);
        require(
            matingPrice >= _minimumBreedPrice,
            "SS matingPriceLowerThanMinimumBreedPrice"
        );

        // if we happen to receive another time we're going to default to 1 day.
        uint256 _duration = 86400;

        // if sender is admin, any time frame will be available
        // if sender is not admin, and specified timeframe does not exist, fallback to default
        if (_timeframes[duration] || isStudServiceAdmin(msg.sender)) {
            _duration = duration;
        }

        _studs[horseId] = StudInfo(
            true,
            matingPrice,
            _duration,
            block.timestamp
        );
        _horseIndex[horseId] = _horsesInStud.push(horseId) - 1;

        _sendOraclizeQuery(_duration, horseId);
        _currentlyInStud[horseId] = true;
    }

    function _sendOraclizeQuery(uint256 duration, uint256 horseId) private {
        string memory payload = strConcat("{\"stud_info\":", uint2str(horseId), "}");
        oraclize_query(duration, "URL", _oraclizeUrl, payload);
    }

    function _disableHorseFromStud(uint256 horseId) private {
        // manually remove the horse from stud since removeFromStud/1 allows only the owner
        if (isHorseInStud(horseId)) {
            _deleteHorseFromStud(horseId);
        }

        // put horse state to false on Stud
        if (_currentlyInStud[horseId]) {
            _currentlyInStud[horseId] = false;
        }
    }

    /*
     *  @dev We move the last horse to the index of the horse we're about to remove
     *  then delete the last horse from the list.
     */
    function _deleteHorseFromStud(uint256 horseId) private {
        uint256 index = _horseIndex[horseId];
        uint256 lastHorseIndex = _horsesInStud.length - 1;
        uint256 lastHorse = _horsesInStud[lastHorseIndex];

        // We need to reassign the index of the last horse, otherwise it'd be out of bounds
        // and the transaction will fail.
        _horsesInStud[index] = lastHorse;
        _horseIndex[lastHorse] = index;

        delete _horsesInStud[lastHorseIndex];
        delete _studs[horseId];

        _horsesInStud.length--;
    }
}