ATExecDropColumn(List **wqueue, Relation rel, const char *colName,
				 DropBehavior behavior,
				 bool recurse, bool recursing,
				 bool missing_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode)
{
	HeapTuple	tuple;
	Form_pg_attribute targetatt;
	AttrNumber	attnum;
	List	   *children;
	ObjectAddress object;

	/* At top level, permission check was done in ATPrepCmd, else do it */
	if (recursing)
		ATSimplePermissions(rel, ATT_TABLE);

	/*
	 * get the number of the attribute
	 */
	tuple = SearchSysCacheAttName(RelationGetRelid(rel), colName);
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
	{
		if (!missing_ok)
		{
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
					 errmsg("column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" does not exist",
							colName, RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
		}
		else
		{
			ereport(NOTICE,
					(errmsg("column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" does not exist, skipping",
							colName, RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
			return;
		}
	}
	targetatt = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

	attnum = targetatt->attnum;

	/* Can't drop a system attribute, except OID */
	if (attnum <= 0 && attnum != ObjectIdAttributeNumber)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
				 errmsg("cannot drop system column \"%s\"",
						colName)));

	/* Don't drop inherited columns */
	if (targetatt->attinhcount > 0 && !recursing)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TABLE_DEFINITION),
				 errmsg("cannot drop inherited column \"%s\"",
						colName)));

	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);

	/*
	 * Propagate to children as appropriate.  Unlike most other ALTER
	 * routines, we have to do this one level of recursion at a time; we can't
	 * use find_all_inheritors to do it in one pass.
	 */
	children = find_inheritance_children(RelationGetRelid(rel), lockmode);

	if (children)
	{
		Relation	attr_rel;
		ListCell   *child;

		attr_rel = heap_open(AttributeRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
		foreach(child, children)
		{
			Oid			childrelid = lfirst_oid(child);
			Relation	childrel;
			Form_pg_attribute childatt;

			/* find_inheritance_children already got lock */
			childrel = heap_open(childrelid, NoLock);
			CheckTableNotInUse(childrel, "ALTER TABLE");

			tuple = SearchSysCacheCopyAttName(childrelid, colName);
			if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))		/* shouldn't happen */
				elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute \"%s\" of relation %u",
					 colName, childrelid);
			childatt = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

			if (childatt->attinhcount <= 0)		/* shouldn't happen */
				elog(ERROR, "relation %u has non-inherited attribute \"%s\"",
					 childrelid, colName);

			if (recurse)
			{
				/*
				 * If the child column has other definition sources, just
				 * decrement its inheritance count; if not, recurse to delete
				 * it.
				 */
				if (childatt->attinhcount == 1 && !childatt->attislocal)
				{
					/* Time to delete this child column, too */
					ATExecDropColumn(wqueue, childrel, colName,
									 behavior, true, true,
									 false, lockmode);
				}
				else
				{
					/* Child column must survive my deletion */
					childatt->attinhcount--;

					simple_heap_update(attr_rel, &tuple->t_self, tuple);

					/* keep the system catalog indexes current */
					CatalogUpdateIndexes(attr_rel, tuple);

					/* Make update visible */
					CommandCounterIncrement();
				}
			}
			else
			{
				/*
				 * If we were told to drop ONLY in this table (no recursion),
				 * we need to mark the inheritors' attributes as locally
				 * defined rather than inherited.
				 */
				childatt->attinhcount--;
				childatt->attislocal = true;

				simple_heap_update(attr_rel, &tuple->t_self, tuple);

				/* keep the system catalog indexes current */
				CatalogUpdateIndexes(attr_rel, tuple);

				/* Make update visible */
				CommandCounterIncrement();
			}

			heap_freetuple(tuple);

			heap_close(childrel, NoLock);
		}
		heap_close(attr_rel, RowExclusiveLock);
	}

	/*
	 * Perform the actual column deletion
	 */
	object.classId = RelationRelationId;
	object.objectId = RelationGetRelid(rel);
	object.objectSubId = attnum;

	performDeletion(&object, behavior, 0);

	/*
	 * If we dropped the OID column, must adjust pg_class.relhasoids and tell
	 * Phase 3 to physically get rid of the column.  We formerly left the
	 * column in place physically, but this caused subtle problems.  See
	 * http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-hackers/2009-02/msg00363.php
	 */
	if (attnum == ObjectIdAttributeNumber)
	{
		Relation	class_rel;
		Form_pg_class tuple_class;
		AlteredTableInfo *tab;

		class_rel = heap_open(RelationRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);

		tuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID,
									ObjectIdGetDatum(RelationGetRelid(rel)));
		if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
			elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for relation %u",
				 RelationGetRelid(rel));
		tuple_class = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

		tuple_class->relhasoids = false;
		simple_heap_update(class_rel, &tuple->t_self, tuple);

		/* Keep the catalog indexes up to date */
		CatalogUpdateIndexes(class_rel, tuple);

		heap_close(class_rel, RowExclusiveLock);

		/* Find or create work queue entry for this table */
		tab = ATGetQueueEntry(wqueue, rel);

		/* Tell Phase 3 to physically remove the OID column */
		tab->rewrite = true;
	}
}
ATExecDropColumn(List **wqueue, Relation rel, const char *colName,
				 DropBehavior behavior,
				 bool recurse, bool recursing,
				 bool missing_ok, LOCKMODE lockmode)
{
	HeapTuple	tuple;
	Form_pg_attribute targetatt;
	AttrNumber	attnum;
	List	   *children;
	ObjectAddress object;

	 
	if (recursing)
		ATSimplePermissions(rel, ATT_TABLE);

	 
	tuple = SearchSysCacheAttName(RelationGetRelid(rel), colName);
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
	{
		if (!missing_ok)
		{
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
					 errmsg("column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" does not exist",
							colName, RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
		}
		else
		{
			ereport(NOTICE,
					(errmsg("column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" does not exist, skipping",
							colName, RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
			return;
		}
	}
	targetatt = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

	attnum = targetatt->attnum;

	 
	if (attnum <= 0 && attnum != ObjectIdAttributeNumber)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
				 errmsg("cannot drop system column \"%s\"",
						colName)));

	 
	if (targetatt->attinhcount > 0 && !recursing)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TABLE_DEFINITION),
				 errmsg("cannot drop inherited column \"%s\"",
						colName)));

	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);

	 
	children = find_inheritance_children(RelationGetRelid(rel), lockmode);

	if (children)
	{
		Relation	attr_rel;
		ListCell   *child;

		attr_rel = heap_open(AttributeRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
		foreach(child, children)
		{
			Oid			childrelid = lfirst_oid(child);
			Relation	childrel;
			Form_pg_attribute childatt;

			 
			childrel = heap_open(childrelid, NoLock);
			CheckTableNotInUse(childrel, "ALTER TABLE");

			tuple = SearchSysCacheCopyAttName(childrelid, colName);
			if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))		 
				elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute \"%s\" of relation %u",
					 colName, childrelid);
			childatt = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

			if (childatt->attinhcount <= 0)		 
				elog(ERROR, "relation %u has non-inherited attribute \"%s\"",
					 childrelid, colName);

			if (recurse)
			{
				 
				if (childatt->attinhcount == 1 && !childatt->attislocal)
				{
					 
					ATExecDropColumn(wqueue, childrel, colName,
									 behavior, true, true,
									 false, lockmode);
				}
				else
				{
					 
					childatt->attinhcount--;

					simple_heap_update(attr_rel, &tuple->t_self, tuple);

					 
					CatalogUpdateIndexes(attr_rel, tuple);

					 
					CommandCounterIncrement();
				}
			}
			else
			{
				 
				childatt->attinhcount--;
				childatt->attislocal = true;

				simple_heap_update(attr_rel, &tuple->t_self, tuple);

				 
				CatalogUpdateIndexes(attr_rel, tuple);

				 
				CommandCounterIncrement();
			}

			heap_freetuple(tuple);

			heap_close(childrel, NoLock);
		}
		heap_close(attr_rel, RowExclusiveLock);
	}

	 
	object.classId = RelationRelationId;
	object.objectId = RelationGetRelid(rel);
	object.objectSubId = attnum;

	performDeletion(&object, behavior, 0);

	 
	if (attnum == ObjectIdAttributeNumber)
	{
		Relation	class_rel;
		Form_pg_class tuple_class;
		AlteredTableInfo *tab;

		class_rel = heap_open(RelationRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);

		tuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID,
									ObjectIdGetDatum(RelationGetRelid(rel)));
		if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
			elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for relation %u",
				 RelationGetRelid(rel));
		tuple_class = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

		tuple_class->relhasoids = false;
		simple_heap_update(class_rel, &tuple->t_self, tuple);

		 
		CatalogUpdateIndexes(class_rel, tuple);

		heap_close(class_rel, RowExclusiveLock);

		 
		tab = ATGetQueueEntry(wqueue, rel);

		 
		tab->rewrite = true;
	}
}