int kvm_get_msr_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct msr_data *msr_info)
{
	switch (msr_info->index) {
	case MSR_IA32_PLATFORM_ID:
	case MSR_IA32_EBL_CR_POWERON:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTINTFROMIP:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTINTTOIP:
	case MSR_AMD64_SYSCFG:
	case MSR_K8_TSEG_ADDR:
	case MSR_K8_TSEG_MASK:
	case MSR_VM_HSAVE_PA:
	case MSR_K8_INT_PENDING_MSG:
	case MSR_AMD64_NB_CFG:
	case MSR_FAM10H_MMIO_CONF_BASE:
	case MSR_AMD64_BU_CFG2:
	case MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL:
	case MSR_AMD64_DC_CFG:
	case MSR_F15H_EX_CFG:
	/*
	 * Intel Sandy Bridge CPUs must support the RAPL (running average power
	 * limit) MSRs. Just return 0, as we do not want to expose the host
	 * data here. Do not conditionalize this on CPUID, as KVM does not do
	 * so for existing CPU-specific MSRs.
	 */
	case MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT:
	case MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS:	/* Power plane 0 (core) */
	case MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS:	/* Power plane 1 (graphics uncore) */
	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS:	/* Total package */
	case MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS:	/* DRAM controller */
		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_F15H_PERF_CTL0 ... MSR_F15H_PERF_CTR5:
		if (kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index))
			return kvm_pmu_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info);
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated)
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0 ... MSR_K7_EVNTSEL3:
	case MSR_K7_PERFCTR0 ... MSR_K7_PERFCTR3:
	case MSR_P6_PERFCTR0 ... MSR_P6_PERFCTR1:
	case MSR_P6_EVNTSEL0 ... MSR_P6_EVNTSEL1:
		if (kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index))
			return kvm_pmu_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info);
		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.microcode_version;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_ARCH_CAPABILITIES:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_ARCH_CAPABILITIES))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.arch_capabilities;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_PERF_CAPABILITIES:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_PDCM))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.perf_capabilities;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_ia32_power_ctl;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_TSC: {
		/*
		 * Intel SDM states that MSR_IA32_TSC read adds the TSC offset
		 * even when not intercepted. AMD manual doesn't explicitly
		 * state this but appears to behave the same.
		 *
		 * On userspace reads and writes, however, we unconditionally
		 * return L1's TSC value to ensure backwards-compatible
		 * behavior for migration.
		 */
		u64 offset, ratio;

		if (msr_info->host_initiated) {
			offset = vcpu->arch.l1_tsc_offset;
			ratio = vcpu->arch.l1_tsc_scaling_ratio;
		} else {
			offset = vcpu->arch.tsc_offset;
			ratio = vcpu->arch.tsc_scaling_ratio;
		}

		msr_info->data = kvm_scale_tsc(vcpu, rdtsc(), ratio) + offset;
		break;
	}
	case MSR_MTRRcap:
	case 0x200 ... 0x2ff:
		return kvm_mtrr_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index, &msr_info->data);
	case 0xcd: /* fsb frequency */
		msr_info->data = 3;
		break;
		/*
		 * MSR_EBC_FREQUENCY_ID
		 * Conservative value valid for even the basic CPU models.
		 * Models 0,1: 000 in bits 23:21 indicating a bus speed of
		 * 100MHz, model 2 000 in bits 18:16 indicating 100MHz,
		 * and 266MHz for model 3, or 4. Set Core Clock
		 * Frequency to System Bus Frequency Ratio to 1 (bits
		 * 31:24) even though these are only valid for CPU
		 * models > 2, however guests may end up dividing or
		 * multiplying by zero otherwise.
		 */
	case MSR_EBC_FREQUENCY_ID:
		msr_info->data = 1 << 24;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_APICBASE:
		msr_info->data = kvm_get_apic_base(vcpu);
		break;
	case APIC_BASE_MSR ... APIC_BASE_MSR + 0xff:
		return kvm_x2apic_msr_read(vcpu, msr_info->index, &msr_info->data);
	case MSR_IA32_TSC_DEADLINE:
		msr_info->data = kvm_get_lapic_tscdeadline_msr(vcpu);
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_TSC_ADJUST:
		msr_info->data = (u64)vcpu->arch.ia32_tsc_adjust_msr;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.ia32_misc_enable_msr;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_SMBASE:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated)
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.smbase;
		break;
	case MSR_SMI_COUNT:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.smi_count;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_PERF_STATUS:
		/* TSC increment by tick */
		msr_info->data = 1000ULL;
		/* CPU multiplier */
		msr_info->data |= (((uint64_t)4ULL) << 40);
		break;
	case MSR_EFER:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.efer;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_WALL_CLOCK:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->kvm->arch.wall_clock;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_WALL_CLOCK_NEW:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE2))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->kvm->arch.wall_clock;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_SYSTEM_TIME:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.time;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_SYSTEM_TIME_NEW:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE2))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.time;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_EN:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.apf.msr_en_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_INT:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF_INT))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.apf.msr_int_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_ACK:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF_INT))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_STEAL_TIME:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_STEAL_TIME))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.st.msr_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_PV_EOI_EN:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_PV_EOI))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.pv_eoi.msr_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_POLL_CONTROL:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_POLL_CONTROL))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_kvm_poll_control;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_P5_MC_ADDR:
	case MSR_IA32_P5_MC_TYPE:
	case MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP:
	case MSR_IA32_MCG_CTL:
	case MSR_IA32_MCG_STATUS:
	case MSR_IA32_MC0_CTL ... MSR_IA32_MCx_CTL(KVM_MAX_MCE_BANKS) - 1:
		return get_msr_mce(vcpu, msr_info->index, &msr_info->data,
				   msr_info->host_initiated);
	case MSR_IA32_XSS:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_XSAVES))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.ia32_xss;
		break;
	case MSR_K7_CLK_CTL:
		/*
		 * Provide expected ramp-up count for K7. All other
		 * are set to zero, indicating minimum divisors for
		 * every field.
		 *
		 * This prevents guest kernels on AMD host with CPU
		 * type 6, model 8 and higher from exploding due to
		 * the rdmsr failing.
		 */
		msr_info->data = 0x20000000;
		break;
	case HV_X64_MSR_GUEST_OS_ID ... HV_X64_MSR_SINT15:
	case HV_X64_MSR_SYNDBG_CONTROL ... HV_X64_MSR_SYNDBG_PENDING_BUFFER:
	case HV_X64_MSR_SYNDBG_OPTIONS:
	case HV_X64_MSR_CRASH_P0 ... HV_X64_MSR_CRASH_P4:
	case HV_X64_MSR_CRASH_CTL:
	case HV_X64_MSR_STIMER0_CONFIG ... HV_X64_MSR_STIMER3_COUNT:
	case HV_X64_MSR_REENLIGHTENMENT_CONTROL:
	case HV_X64_MSR_TSC_EMULATION_CONTROL:
	case HV_X64_MSR_TSC_EMULATION_STATUS:
		return kvm_hv_get_msr_common(vcpu,
					     msr_info->index, &msr_info->data,
					     msr_info->host_initiated);
	case MSR_IA32_BBL_CR_CTL3:
		/* This legacy MSR exists but isn't fully documented in current
		 * silicon.  It is however accessed by winxp in very narrow
		 * scenarios where it sets bit #19, itself documented as
		 * a "reserved" bit.  Best effort attempt to source coherent
		 * read data here should the balance of the register be
		 * interpreted by the guest:
		 *
		 * L2 cache control register 3: 64GB range, 256KB size,
		 * enabled, latency 0x1, configured
		 */
		msr_info->data = 0xbe702111;
		break;
	case MSR_AMD64_OSVW_ID_LENGTH:
		if (!guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_OSVW))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.osvw.length;
		break;
	case MSR_AMD64_OSVW_STATUS:
		if (!guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_OSVW))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.osvw.status;
		break;
	case MSR_PLATFORM_INFO:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !vcpu->kvm->arch.guest_can_read_msr_platform_info)
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_platform_info;
		break;
	case MSR_MISC_FEATURES_ENABLES:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_misc_features_enables;
		break;
	case MSR_K7_HWCR:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_hwcr;
		break;
	default:
		if (kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index))
			return kvm_pmu_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info);
		return KVM_MSR_RET_INVALID;
	}
	return 0;
}
int kvm_get_msr_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct msr_data *msr_info)
{
	switch (msr_info->index) {
	case MSR_IA32_PLATFORM_ID:
	case MSR_IA32_EBL_CR_POWERON:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHFROMIP:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTBRANCHTOIP:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTINTFROMIP:
	case MSR_IA32_LASTINTTOIP:
	case MSR_AMD64_SYSCFG:
	case MSR_K8_TSEG_ADDR:
	case MSR_K8_TSEG_MASK:
	case MSR_VM_HSAVE_PA:
	case MSR_K8_INT_PENDING_MSG:
	case MSR_AMD64_NB_CFG:
	case MSR_FAM10H_MMIO_CONF_BASE:
	case MSR_AMD64_BU_CFG2:
	case MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL:
	case MSR_AMD64_DC_CFG:
	case MSR_F15H_EX_CFG:
	 
	case MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT:
	case MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS:	 
	case MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS:	 
	case MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS:	 
	case MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS:	 
		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_F15H_PERF_CTL0 ... MSR_F15H_PERF_CTR5:
		if (kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index))
			return kvm_pmu_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info);
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated)
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0 ... MSR_K7_EVNTSEL3:
	case MSR_K7_PERFCTR0 ... MSR_K7_PERFCTR3:
	case MSR_P6_PERFCTR0 ... MSR_P6_PERFCTR1:
	case MSR_P6_EVNTSEL0 ... MSR_P6_EVNTSEL1:
		if (kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index))
			return kvm_pmu_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info);
		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_UCODE_REV:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.microcode_version;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_ARCH_CAPABILITIES:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_ARCH_CAPABILITIES))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.arch_capabilities;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_PERF_CAPABILITIES:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_PDCM))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.perf_capabilities;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_ia32_power_ctl;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_TSC: {
		 
		u64 offset, ratio;

		if (msr_info->host_initiated) {
			offset = vcpu->arch.l1_tsc_offset;
			ratio = vcpu->arch.l1_tsc_scaling_ratio;
		} else {
			offset = vcpu->arch.tsc_offset;
			ratio = vcpu->arch.tsc_scaling_ratio;
		}

		msr_info->data = kvm_scale_tsc(vcpu, rdtsc(), ratio) + offset;
		break;
	}
	case MSR_MTRRcap:
	case 0x200 ... 0x2ff:
		return kvm_mtrr_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index, &msr_info->data);
	case 0xcd:  
		msr_info->data = 3;
		break;
		 
	case MSR_EBC_FREQUENCY_ID:
		msr_info->data = 1 << 24;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_APICBASE:
		msr_info->data = kvm_get_apic_base(vcpu);
		break;
	case APIC_BASE_MSR ... APIC_BASE_MSR + 0xff:
		return kvm_x2apic_msr_read(vcpu, msr_info->index, &msr_info->data);
	case MSR_IA32_TSC_DEADLINE:
		msr_info->data = kvm_get_lapic_tscdeadline_msr(vcpu);
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_TSC_ADJUST:
		msr_info->data = (u64)vcpu->arch.ia32_tsc_adjust_msr;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.ia32_misc_enable_msr;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_SMBASE:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated)
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.smbase;
		break;
	case MSR_SMI_COUNT:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.smi_count;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_PERF_STATUS:
		 
		msr_info->data = 1000ULL;
		 
		msr_info->data |= (((uint64_t)4ULL) << 40);
		break;
	case MSR_EFER:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.efer;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_WALL_CLOCK:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->kvm->arch.wall_clock;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_WALL_CLOCK_NEW:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE2))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->kvm->arch.wall_clock;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_SYSTEM_TIME:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.time;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_SYSTEM_TIME_NEW:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_CLOCKSOURCE2))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.time;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_EN:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.apf.msr_en_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_INT:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF_INT))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.apf.msr_int_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_ACK:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF_INT))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = 0;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_STEAL_TIME:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_STEAL_TIME))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.st.msr_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_PV_EOI_EN:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_PV_EOI))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.pv_eoi.msr_val;
		break;
	case MSR_KVM_POLL_CONTROL:
		if (!guest_pv_has(vcpu, KVM_FEATURE_POLL_CONTROL))
			return 1;

		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_kvm_poll_control;
		break;
	case MSR_IA32_P5_MC_ADDR:
	case MSR_IA32_P5_MC_TYPE:
	case MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP:
	case MSR_IA32_MCG_CTL:
	case MSR_IA32_MCG_STATUS:
	case MSR_IA32_MC0_CTL ... MSR_IA32_MCx_CTL(KVM_MAX_MCE_BANKS) - 1:
		return get_msr_mce(vcpu, msr_info->index, &msr_info->data,
				   msr_info->host_initiated);
	case MSR_IA32_XSS:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_XSAVES))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.ia32_xss;
		break;
	case MSR_K7_CLK_CTL:
		 
		msr_info->data = 0x20000000;
		break;
	case HV_X64_MSR_GUEST_OS_ID ... HV_X64_MSR_SINT15:
	case HV_X64_MSR_SYNDBG_CONTROL ... HV_X64_MSR_SYNDBG_PENDING_BUFFER:
	case HV_X64_MSR_SYNDBG_OPTIONS:
	case HV_X64_MSR_CRASH_P0 ... HV_X64_MSR_CRASH_P4:
	case HV_X64_MSR_CRASH_CTL:
	case HV_X64_MSR_STIMER0_CONFIG ... HV_X64_MSR_STIMER3_COUNT:
	case HV_X64_MSR_REENLIGHTENMENT_CONTROL:
	case HV_X64_MSR_TSC_EMULATION_CONTROL:
	case HV_X64_MSR_TSC_EMULATION_STATUS:
		return kvm_hv_get_msr_common(vcpu,
					     msr_info->index, &msr_info->data,
					     msr_info->host_initiated);
	case MSR_IA32_BBL_CR_CTL3:
		 
		msr_info->data = 0xbe702111;
		break;
	case MSR_AMD64_OSVW_ID_LENGTH:
		if (!guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_OSVW))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.osvw.length;
		break;
	case MSR_AMD64_OSVW_STATUS:
		if (!guest_cpuid_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_OSVW))
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.osvw.status;
		break;
	case MSR_PLATFORM_INFO:
		if (!msr_info->host_initiated &&
		    !vcpu->kvm->arch.guest_can_read_msr_platform_info)
			return 1;
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_platform_info;
		break;
	case MSR_MISC_FEATURES_ENABLES:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_misc_features_enables;
		break;
	case MSR_K7_HWCR:
		msr_info->data = vcpu->arch.msr_hwcr;
		break;
	default:
		if (kvm_pmu_is_valid_msr(vcpu, msr_info->index))
			return kvm_pmu_get_msr(vcpu, msr_info);
		return KVM_MSR_RET_INVALID;
	}
	return 0;
}