AIM-Harvard/TrialPanorama-filtered huggingface dataset:
Study NCT03065842 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Abortion- and contraceptive-use stigma reduction program
Description: An abortion- and contraceptive-use stigma reduction intervention (3-weeks), capturing i. Negative stereotypes associated with girls who have had an abortion. ii. Discrimination/exclusion of girls who have had an abortion. iii. Fear of coming in contact with a girls who have had an abortion. iv. Negative stereotypes about girls using a contraceptive method. v. Misconceptions about contraceptive use.~The pedagogy will be based on that gender stereotypes, intent to control female sexuality, compulsory motherhood, are social constructs that can be deconstructed. Pedagogical methods will include role modelling, practice of desired behaviours, activities for building self-efficacy, and didactic instructions.
Study NCT03065842 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Usual Standards
Description: Usual standards according to the school curriculum in Kenya.
Study NCT00569309 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Description: Patients will receive 0.5 mL Prevnar in the deltoid muscle during weeks 9, 17, and 25 after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
Study NCT00569309 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: laboratory correlative studies
Description: Approximately 30-mL of blood will be collected and sent to the appropriate research lab(s) for processing.
Study NCT03845907 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Gen 1
Description: Diagnostic Ultrasound and Optoacoustic Imaging
Study NCT00569309 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: quality-of-life assessment
Description: Responses to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 9-item brief fatigue inventory 57, brief pain inventory, and the FACT-G. This should take each patient approximately 10-15 minutes to fill out all these surveys per instance.
Study NCT02967692 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Spartalizumab
Description: Spartalizumab powder for solution is used in Part 1 and Part 2, and as concentrate for solution for infusion for Part 3. Spartalizumab is administered via intravenous infusion over 30 minutes once every 4 weeks
Study NCT02967692 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo is administered via intravenous infusion over 30 minutes once every 4 weeks
Study NCT02967692 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Dabrafenib
Description: Dabrafenib 150 mg capsules BID is administered orally for Days 1-28 of a 28-day cycle, in fasting conditions.
Study NCT02967692 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Dabrafenib
Description: Dabrafenib 150 mg capsules BID is administered orally for Days 1-28 of a 28-day cycle, in fasting conditions.
Study NCT02967692 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Trametinib
Description: Trametinib 2 mg tablets QD is administered orally for Days 1-28 of a 28-day cycle, in fasting conditions
Study NCT02967692 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Trametinib
Description: Trametinib 2 mg tablets QD is administered orally for Days 1-28 of a 28-day cycle, in fasting conditions
Study NCT04202146 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Contingency Management + Motivational Interviewing
Description: Seven-day combined CM with two sessions of brief Motivation Interviewing (MI) followed by standardized individual drug counseling on cannabis use and relapse.
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Gallium Ga 68-DOTATATE
Description: Given IV
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate
Description: Given IV
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Description: Undergo PET/MRI
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Positron Emission Tomography
Description: Undergo PET/MRI
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Questionnaire Administration
Description: Ancillary studies
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Description: Undergo PET/CT and/or SPECT/CT
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Biospecimen Collection
Description: Undergo blood sample collection
Study NCT04082520 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Description: Undergo SPECT/CT
Study NCT01065051 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Riociguat (Adempas, BAY63-2521)
Description: 1 mg single oral dose
Study NCT01065051 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Single oral dose
Study NCT03811847 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Methylphenidate Extended Release Oral Capsule
Description: Stimulant It can treat ADHD and narcolepsy.~1 capsule 18mg
Study NCT03811847 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo comparator MPH Matched Placebo Tablet
Study NCT03456674 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: LaseMD System
Description: A non-invasive fractional thulium laser delivering a wavelength of light energy as a fractionated array of microbeams to be absorbed by and damage the target molecule, a chromophore.
Study NCT00434655 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Laparoscopic restrictive procedure
Description: Morbidly Obese VETERANS will receive one of two laparoscopic bariatric restrictive procedures.
Study NCT00434655 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Laparoscopic restrictive procedure
Description: Morbidly Obese VETERANS will receive one of two laparoscopic bariatric restrictive procedures.
Study NCT04184921 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Intervention: Osimertinib 80 MG
Description: Osimertinib, also known as azd9291, is a 3rd-generation EGFR-TKI used to treat NSCLC patients with resistance to 1st generation EGFR-TKI due to T790M mutation. It has been approved in clinical applications by the FDA in 2015.
Study NCT03669263 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Fentanyl buccal soluble film (FBSF)
Description: After screening, eligible subjects were individually titrated to an adequate dose of FBSF (titration period) and continued on this dose as required to control their BTP throughout the maintenance period of the study.~During the dose titration period, subjects were administered with FBSF in a dose escalation manner until a treatment dose was identified (defined as an adequate relief of BTP observed for at least two consecutive episodes). All patient started with a dose of 200 μg and increased by 200 μg in each subsequent episode until an adequate pain relief with tolerable side effects was achieved. Doses above 1200 μg were not allowed.
Study NCT03819504 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 4-D navigated stereotactic radio surgical ablation
Description: 4-D navigated stereotactic radio surgical ablation will be performed in patients with structural heart disease and sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia/tachycardias
Study NCT01481259 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Autologous cytokine-induced killer cell
Description: Subjects receive autologous cytokine-induced killer cell infusion every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Study NCT01481259 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pemetrexed
Description: Subjects receive pemetrexed infusion at a dose of 500mg/m2 every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Study NCT01584427 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Healthy Carbohydrate Diet vs. Western Style Diet
Description: Cross over study with two intervention diets. Healthy Carbohydrate Diet with approximally 55 g of dietary fibers (arabinoxylan and resistant starch)compared with western style diet with low content of dietary fibers.
Study NCT01584427 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Healthy Carbohydrate Diet vs. Western Style Diet
Description: Cross over study with two intervention diets. Healthy Carbohydrate Diet with approximally 55 g of dietary fibers (arabinoxylan and resistant starch)compared with western style diet with low content of dietary fibers.
Study NCT02881151 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Deep brain stimulation
Description: Delivery of continuous, low-voltage electrical pulses to deep portions of the brain via an implantable pacemaker-like device.
Study NCT04780594 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: The study evaluates all surgical patients operated, both elective scheduled and emergent cases
Description: Administrative database was automatically collected. That included demographic, clinical antecedents, surgical team and surgical procedure, primary and secondary diagnoses and principal and secondary surgical procedures. A case-mix grouping system administrative automatic recorded based on the ICD-10-AM International Classification of Diseases. According to the Diagnoses-related Groups (DRG's). the Severity of Illness Index assigns to each patient an overall severity score (from 1 to 4) and mortality risk score (from 1 to 4)
Study NCT00403689 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Beta-D-Glucan
Description: 1,5 g Beta-D-Glucan daily
Study NCT00403689 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: placebo
Description: 1.5 g waxy maize starch daily
Study NCT03453346 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Sofosbuvir
Description: Generic sofosbuvir tablet 400 mg
Study NCT03453346 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ribavirin
Description: Ribavirin was provided in 100-mg tablets.
Study NCT01429428 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Far-IR compression stockings
Description: The far-IR side of compression stocking will be used by subjects, during the day, for six hours a day, during 90 days.
Study NCT01429428 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: No far-IR compression stockings
Description: This side of compression stocking without far-IR radiation will be used by subjects, during the day, for six hours a day, during 90 days.
Study NCT02286934 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Carvedilol
Description: * Day 1 to 3 : Carvedilol 12.5 mg qd~* Day 4 to 8 : Carvedilol 25 mg qd~* Day 9 to 11 : Carvedilol 12.5 mg qd
Study NCT02286934 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Isoproterenol Sensitivity Test
Description: Day 0, 1, 8 : Isoproterenol Sensitivity Test
Study NCT00571246 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Topiramate
Description: Participants are randomized to take Topiramate (250mg/day) 2 times a day
Study NCT00571246 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: lamotrigine
Description: Participants are randomized to take Lamotrigine (250 mg/day) 2 times a day
Study NCT00571246 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Participants are randomized to take placebo
Study NCT03217370 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: education of guidelines
Description: * Guidelines will be updated and education will be given to haematologists in several ways.~* ICT implementations: a) last result of haemoglobin and platelet count will be shown on the electronic blood order; b) an electronical clinical decision support system will be implemented to order blood components
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: asparaginase
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: cyclophosphamide
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: cytarabine
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: daunorubicin hydrochloride
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: dexamethasone
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: leucovorin calcium
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: mercaptopurine
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: methotrexate
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: thioguanine
Study NCT00003671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: vincristine sulfate
Study NCT02908685 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo will be administered orally (via mouth) or through a feeding tube (naso-gastric or gastrostomy tube).
Study NCT02908685 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Risdiplam
Description: Risdiplam will be administered orally (via mouth) or through a feeding tube (naso-gastric or gastrostomy tube).
Study NCT02908685 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Risdiplam
Description: Risdiplam will be administered orally (via mouth) or through a feeding tube (naso-gastric or gastrostomy tube).
Study NCT04447079 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Intervention: Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
Description: Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is part of a 6-month program ARFAs will undergo.~ACT teams will engage with ARFAs on a dedicated schedule. Each visit would last an average of 60 minutes. There will not be a re-arrangement of no-show visits. ACT teams will re-engage the ARFA over the phone to plan for the next visit as per the schedule.~In keeping with principles of ACT, ARFA's will be assertively sought out in the community and provided intensive engagement, with holistic and supportive care alongside a harm reduction approach. Care will also involve case management and involvement of SSA's.~Each interaction during the treatment period will focus on various aspects covering physical health, mental health, and addiction
Study NCT02057094 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Protein, High-Protein, and Control
Study NCT02057094 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Protein, High-Protein, and Control
Study NCT01211353 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Personalized Drinking Feedback
Description: Personalized feedback about one's drinking habits
Study NCT01211353 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Education-Only
Description: Educational information about alcohol use
Study NCT01046604 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Lovaza group
Description: Patients who are scheduled for mitral valve repair surgery at least 3 weeks removed from the initial consult will be recruited to take 4 capsules of Lovaza (omega 3 fatty acids) daily, for 3 weeks prior to their surgery.
Study NCT02333682 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 25(OH)D3 (Calcifediol Hy.D) 10 mcg
Description: 25(OH)D3 (Calcifediol Hy.D)
Study NCT02333682 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 25(OH)D3 (Calcifediol Hy.D) 15 mcg
Description: 25(OH)D3 (Calcifediol Hy.D)
Study NCT02064517 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: MTA
Description: Creation of a barrier apicale in the MTA
Study NCT02064517 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Hydroxide of calcium
Description: Revascularisation pulpaire with some hydroxide of calcium
Study NCT02333682 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 25(OH)D3 (Calcifediol Hy.D) 20 mcg
Description: 25(OH)D3 (Calcifediol Hy.D)
Study NCT02333682 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) 20 mcg
Description: Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
Study NCT02608775 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Metrodoloris Medical System
Description: Application of a skin electrode
Study NCT02608775 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Metrodoloris Medical System
Description: Application of a skin electrode
Study NCT02608775 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Aisys® care station, Acertys
Description: Standard photoplethysmography
Study NCT02608775 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Aisys® care station, Acertys
Description: Standard photoplethysmography
Study NCT03666507 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Intervention: Intraoperative Monitoring during resection of brain tumor
Description: Intraoperative Monitoring during resection of brain tumor
Study NCT02241057 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Investigational Air-Activated Adhesive-Backed Heat Patch (3-Cell)
Study NCT02241057 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Temperature Probe
Study NCT03344107 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: USSQ questionnaire administration after RIRS.
Description: USSQ symptoms questionnaire administration after RIRS
Study NCT03676543 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Timed repetitive sensory stimulation
Description: Timed repetitive sensory stimulation (TRSS) will be applied at the onset or during seizures
Study NCT01084278 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Colchicine
Description: Colchicine tablets
Study NCT03075722 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Saturn nasal mask
Description: Nasal mask for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Study NCT01846195 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CM 1500
Study NCT01846195 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CM 1500
Study NCT03433820 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Observation of wound healing
Description: Observation of wound healing after skin biopsy
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A2 milk 100
Description: Days 1 and 2: 100 mL A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A2 milk 150
Description: Days 3 and 4: 150 mL A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A2 milk 200
Description: Days 5 and 6: 200 mL A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A2 milk 250
Description: Days 7 to 14: 250 mL A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A1/A2 milk 100
Description: Days 1 and 2: 100 mL A1/A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A1/A2 milk 150
Description: Days 3 and 4: 150 mL A1/A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A1/A2 milk 200
Description: Days 5 and 6: 200 mL A1/A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT03060395 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: SHAM_COMPARATOR
Intervention: A1/A2 milk 250
Description: Days 7 to14: 250 mL A1/A2 milk twice a day
Study NCT02860624 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: 10 mg ilaprazole
Description: Two 5-mg ilaprazole tablets (Livzon Pharm Group Inc., China) being taken orally each morning on an empty stomach for 8 weeks
Study NCT02860624 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: 40mg esomeprazole
Description: One 20-mg omeprazole capsule (AstraZeneca, Losec) being taken orally each morning on an empty stomach for 8 weeks
Study NCT01728077 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Brivaracetam
Description: Flexible dosing, can up and down-titrate as needed.
Study NCT04659967 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Virtual Training
Description: Participants will receive a virtual training that is tailored to age-related hearing loss, use of non-custom personal amplification devices, and communication strategies.
Study NCT02173912 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Candesartan cilexetil 16 mg and Amlodipine besylate 10mg (Reference)
Description: Sequence 1 receives Candesartan cilexetil 16 mg and Amlodipine besylate 10mg first, then CJ-30059 second, with at least 14-day wash-out period in between.~Sequence 2 receives CJ-30059 first, then Candesartan cilexetil 16 mg and Amlodipine besylate 10mg second, with at least 14-day wash-out period in between.
Study NCT01309048 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Philips MR-guided HIFU system
Description: HIFU is the use of focused ultrasound energy to penetrate through soft tissue and causes localized high temperatures (55°C to 70°C) for a few seconds within the target producing well defined regions of protein and nerve denaturation, irreversible cell damage, and coagulative necrosis.