AIM-Harvard/TrialPanorama-filtered huggingface dataset:
Study NCT02942251 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Psycho-social
Description: This group will be suggested to add on psychotherapy on medical treatment.
Study NCT02942251 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: immunology
Description: This group will be suggested to add on Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFAs) on medical treatment.
Study NCT02942251 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Laboratory abnormality
Description: This group will be suggested to more safety antidepressants.
Study NCT02726451 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Basic Skin Care
Description: Facial Wash, Hydrator Plus Broad Spectrum SPF 30, and Rebalance skin care products (PCA SKIN®)
Study NCT02726451 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Active Skin Care
Description: Sensi Peel®, Rejuvenating Serum, and C\&E Strength Max skin care products (PCA SKIN®) in addition to the Facial Wash, Hydrator Plus Broad Spectrum SPF 30, and Rebalance skin care products (PCA SKIN®)
Study NCT02942251 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Comorbidity
Description: This group will be suggested to treat their comorbidities as well as treat MDD.
Study NCT02942251 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Treatment as usual
Description: Patients will accept routine treatments based on psychiatrist experience, not based on the relapse predict model.
Study NCT02232048 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Transthoracic Echocardiogram
Study NCT01312610 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: High flavanone orange juice
Description: High flavonone orange juice drink.
Study NCT01312610 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Control orange juice
Description: Orange beverage, low flavanone content, matched for total carbohydrate content, individual sugar profile, vitamin C
Study NCT04748211 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Infraclavicular Block
Description: USI and neurostimulator guided infraclavicular block, 10 ml 2% lidocain and 10 ml 0.05% marcaine was administered for local anetshesia. After the block was administered MAP, HR, TAV, BAD, BAA, BF, PI and rSO 2 values were measured and recorded at the 10th, 20th, and 30th minutes.
Study NCT04748211 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Interscalen Block
Description: USI and neurostimulator guided interscalen block, 10 ml 2% lidocain and 10 ml 0.05% marcaine was administered for local anetshesia. After the block was administered MAP, HR, TAV, BAD, BAA, BF, PI and rSO 2 values were measured and recorded at the 10th, 20th, and 30th minutes.
Study NCT00827827 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Exercise- Strength Training
Description: 3x per week lower-extremity ST lasting approximately 45 minutes to 1 hour.
Study NCT05335980 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Nu-V3
Description: The Nu-V3 device provides a continuous flow of intermittent, low frequency electrical pulses to the ear's specific cranial nerve endings. This treatment is delivered 24 hours a day for the first 12 weeks, then is delivered two weeks on, one week off for the following 12 weeks.
Study NCT01805466 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: EVADO
Description: EVADO (Extracorporeal Vacuum-Assisted Device Optimized) device enables separation of cardiotomy suction blood, which is stored in a separate reservoir, and, if re-infusion into the CPB circuit is required, this is performed only after selective filtering and by cell saver procedures. Moreover, by using a vacuum-assisted system for blood aspiration, EVADO allows complete elimination of roller pumps, therefore reducing the extent of mechanical cellular trauma. EVADO contains a phosphorylcholine-coated oxygenator, that confers superior biocompatibility. Finally, by requiring relatively limited priming volumes, it allows reducing haemodilution.
Study NCT01805466 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Conventional CPB
Description: conventional miniature cardiopulmonary bypass technique
Study NCT02405546 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pre-Rotated (Group R)
Description: In group R, placement of ETT over the FOS was done with 90° CCR from the beginning so that the bevel of the ETT faced posteriorly before it was advanced through the larynx.
Study NCT02405546 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: No pre-rotation
Description: ETT was not pre-rotated but rotated only if necessary
Study NCT02910206 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Etomidate
Description: etomidate is given intravenously
Study NCT02910206 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: propofol
Description: propofol is given intravenously
Study NCT02910206 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Sufentanil
Description: sufentanil is given intravenously
Study NCT02530671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Toothbrushing with manual toothbrush
Study NCT02530671 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Toothbrushing with power toothbrush
Study NCT04522323 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MEDI5752
Description: MEDI5752
Study NCT04522323 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Axitinib
Description: INLYTA
Study NCT04522323 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Lenvatinib
Description: LENVIMA
Study NCT04531059 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Esomeprazole
Description: Proton pump inhibitor
Study NCT04531059 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Esomeprazole
Description: Proton pump inhibitor
Study NCT04531059 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Bismuth Potassium Citrate
Description: Gastric mucosal protective drug with anti-H. pylori effect
Study NCT04531059 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Bismuth Potassium Citrate
Description: Gastric mucosal protective drug with anti-H. pylori effect
Study NCT04531059 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Tetracycline,Metronidazole
Description: Antibiotics for H. pylori eradication
Study NCT04531059 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Minocycline,Metronidazole
Description: Antibiotics for H. pylori eradication
Study NCT02910206 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cisatracurium
Description: Cisatracurium is given intravenously
Study NCT03511963 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: HLX04 100 mg in 4 ml Injection
Description: 7.5 mg/kg iv (XELOX+HLX04) 5 mg/kg iv (mFOLFOX6 + HLX04)
Study NCT03511963 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Avastin 100 mg in 4 ml Injection
Description: 7.5 mg/kg iv (XELOX+HLX04) 5 mg/kg iv (mFOLFOX6 + HLX04)
Study NCT00589615 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: multidisciplinary osteoporosis prevention educational program
Description: The program includes individualized counseling aimed at improving diet, muscle strength, balance, and informing individuals about home hazards and the use of medicine.
Study NCT01084876 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CT-P6
Description: Administered every 3 weeks
Study NCT01084876 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Herceptin
Description: Administered every 3 weeks
Study NCT01084876 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Paclitaxel
Description: Administered every 3 weeks
Study NCT01084876 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Paclitaxel
Description: Administered every 3 weeks
Study NCT02988973 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: roxadustat
Description: Oral administration
Study NCT02988973 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: DA
Description: Subcutaneous administration
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Paclitaxel
Description: All subjects will receive Paclitaxel weekly for 12 weeks
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Paclitaxel
Description: All subjects will receive Paclitaxel weekly for 12 weeks
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Trastuzumab
Description: All subjects will receive Trastuzumab every 3 weeks
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Trastuzumab
Description: All subjects will receive Trastuzumab every 3 weeks
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pertuzumab
Description: Arm A and Arm B subjects will receive Pertuzumab every 3 weeks
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pertuzumab
Description: Arm A and Arm B subjects will receive Pertuzumab every 3 weeks
Study NCT03747120 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pembrolizumab
Description: Arm B and Arm C subjects will receive Pembrolizumab every 3 weeks
Study NCT02878915 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ultrasound guided femoral puncture
Study NCT04606004 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Stool application
Description: Application of stool from the stoma bag 4 weeks prior, twice daily for 10 minutes at a time. However, with the stool application no barrier cream will be applied to the skin in order for the stool to achieve penetrance to the skin. Stool application will include removing any barrier creams gently, applying a thin layer of stool with a surface area shown in illustration to ensure consistent coverage, and placing a diaper on the subject. Depending on the type of the participant's ostomy, a medication cup, syringe, and/or tongue blade provided by the researchers, may be used to aid in the application of stool. After 10 minutes of application, the caregiver or inpatient healthcare provider will remove the entire thin layer of stool gently without excessive friction, just enough to remove the stool, a dabbing motion is preferred.
Study NCT01345006 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: MA09-hRPE
Description: Cohort 1 50,000 cells~Cohort 2 100,000 cells~Cohort 2a Better Vision 100,000 cells~Cohort 3 150,000 cells~Cohort 4 200,000 cells
Study NCT01597388 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AZD2014
Description: Single dose followed by multiple dosing or twice daily dosing for 2 days folllowed by 5 days off each week, or twice daily dosing on the first and fourth day of the week
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Daunomycin
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: L-Asparaginase
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Cytarabine
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Methotrexate
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Mercaptopurine
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Etoposide
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Cyclophosphamide
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Prednisone
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT00187122 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Dexamethasone
Description: See Detailed Description section for description of treatment plan.
Study NCT02520414 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Symphion® Bipolar Hysteroscopic Tissue Resection System
Study NCT03126721 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: midazolam
Description: a single oral dose of 2 mg midazolam
Study NCT04606004 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Standard of care skincare
Description: Standard of care for skin care pre-operatively: which is either no application of barrier cream, or an application of an over the counter (OTC) skin barrier such as Aquaphor, Desitin, or Vitamin A\&D if the patient is experiencing skin redness from urine incontinence.~Standard of care skin creams post op: 3M no-sting immediately post op, once begin stooling- stoma powder, 3M no-sting, Critic-aid thick barrier paste will be applied to the skin.
Study NCT04606004 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Standard of care skincare
Description: Standard of care for skin care pre-operatively: which is either no application of barrier cream, or an application of an over the counter (OTC) skin barrier such as Aquaphor, Desitin, or Vitamin A\&D if the patient is experiencing skin redness from urine incontinence.~Standard of care skin creams post op: 3M no-sting immediately post op, once begin stooling- stoma powder, 3M no-sting, Critic-aid thick barrier paste will be applied to the skin.
Study NCT00648115 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Basic Vocational Services
Description: Vocational services
Study NCT00648115 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Self-Study
Description: Veteran receives self-study resources
Study NCT00648115 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Group Program
Description: Veteran participates in group vocational program
Study NCT00597662 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: polylactide-caprolactone-trimethylenecarbonate copolymer
Description: Polylactide-caprolactone-trimethylenecarbonate copolymer membrane is applied directly over the surgical scar on the visceral peritoneum
Study NCT00597662 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Icodextrin 4%
Description: 1 liter icodextrin 4% is instilled into the peritoneal cavity at the end of the operation
Study NCT01912586 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: vacuum erection device
Description: sildenafil: 25mg/day nightly for 3 months vacuum erection device: make erections for 10-15 minutes/day for 3 months
Study NCT01184820 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BAY94-9027 + Recombinant Factor VIII (Kogenate FS, BAY14-2222)
Description: Single dose of Kogenate FS and 16 doses of BAY94-9027 given 2 times a week for 8 weeks. Both drugs to be given intravenously.
Study NCT01184820 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BAY94-9027 + Recombinant Factor VIII (Kogenate FS, BAY14-2222))
Description: Single dose of Kogenate FS and 9 doses of BAY94-9027 given once a week for 8 weeks. Both drugs to be given intravenously.
Study NCT03215290 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: TCS
Description: The cutting surface recognized as not good cutting surface was further trans-parenchymal compressing sutured, if possible, using a hepatic needle.
Study NCT03283787 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: MicroMatrix® and Cytal™ Wound Matrix 2-Layer
Description: MicroMatrix® and Cytal™ Wound Matrix 2-Layer
Study NCT03283787 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: MicroMatrix® and Cytal™ Wound Matrix 2-Layer plus NPWT
Description: MicroMatrix® and Cytal™ Wound Matrix 2-Layer plus NPWT
Study NCT01597388 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Fulvestrant
Description: IM monthly after loading dose
Study NCT05008354 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pyridoxine
Description: Pyridoxine tablet 40mg once daily
Study NCT05008354 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo tablet once daily
Study NCT01640808 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: NIK-333(peretinoin)
Description: 600mg (8 x 75mg capsules) orally, twice a day
Study NCT01640808 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo (8 x Placebo capsules) orally, twice a day
Study NCT06292455 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Elastic resistance training
Description: six-weeks elastic resistance training of upper limb. Three days per week. volume per session would be 10 repetitions and three sets. 2 minute rest interval between each set.
Study NCT06292455 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Conventional Resistance Training
Description: players follow their routine exercise protocol
Study NCT01903473 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Rapamycin
Description: Rapamycin will be started within 2 weeks after inclusion. Rapamycin will be given at 2-6 mg loading dose for one day, followed by approximately 1 mg daily to achieve a target trough level of 5 to 10 ng/mL. The frequency of trough level measurements will be done according to the investigator choice; Rapamycin may be discontinued in case of resolution of chronic GVHD ≥ 3 months or in case of un-manageable side effects or progression of chronic GVHD.~Calcineurin inhibitor discontinuation within 2 weeks after rapamycin initiation. No other modification of immunosuppressive drugs and in particular no decrease in the dose of steroids (unless necessary for side effects).
Study NCT01903473 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: T regulatory cells
Description: One infusion of ≥ 0.5 x10E6 T reg cells/kg recipient at 60-90 days after first day of rapamycin administration and after calcineurin inhibitor discontinuation. The infusion procedure will take one hour.~Low-dose Il-2 (1x106 IU/day) will be started the day of DTI and will be continued for a period of 2months in order to expand infused donor Tregs.
Study NCT03257826 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: kirschner wire
Description: retrograde percutaneous kirschner wire was applied to stabilize the tibia.
Study NCT02284438 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Endotracheal tube
Description: Three endotracheal tubes with different surfaces will be used
Study NCT04347681 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: convalescent plasma from recovered COVID 19 donor
Description: After obtaining informed consent, Eligible Patients who have severe COVID-19 and have not recovered yet will be infused with the donated convalescent plasma (10-15 ml/kg body weight of recipient)19 at least once \& if possible, daily, for up to 5 sessions.
Study NCT03283787 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
Description: Negative Pressure Wound Therapy
Study NCT03355131 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Adapted NASA's Mission X program
Description: 8 Weeks Adapted National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) Mission X (MX) program
Study NCT00430573 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: D-cycloserine
Description: Single dosage of D-cycloserine is given prior to each of 6 sessions of CBT-IC treatment (sessions 5-10)
Study NCT00430573 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Single dosage of placebo is given prior to each of 6 sessions of CBT-IC treatment (sessions 5-10)
Study NCT01245959 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil
Description: Patients receive docetaxel (60mg/m2 on day 1), cisplatin (60mg/m2 on day 1) and fluorouracil (600mg/m2 on Days 1 to 5) every three weeks for three cycles before the radiotherapy.
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Bevacizumab
Description: Given IV
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Capecitabine
Description: Given PO
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Carboplatin
Description: Given IV
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Description: Correlative studies
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Oxaliplatin
Description: Given IV
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Paclitaxel
Description: Given IV
Study NCT01081262 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Quality-of-Life Assessment
Description: Ancillary studies
Study NCT01989585 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Biopsy
Description: Undergo biopsy
Study NCT01989585 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Biospecimen Collection
Description: Undergo collection of blood samples
Study NCT01989585 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Description: Undergo CT
Study NCT01989585 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Dabrafenib
Description: Given PO