AIM-Harvard/TrialPanorama-filtered huggingface dataset:
Study NCT03858270 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Memantine
Description: Memantine will be started at 10 mg tablet once/day for a week at bedtime. After one week Memantine will be administered at 10 mg tablet twice/day for 51 weeks.
Study NCT03858270 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo
Description: Placebo will be started at 10 mg tablet once/day for a week at bedtime. After one week Placebo will be administered at 10 mg tablet twice/day for 51 weeks.
Study NCT03230721 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Thulium-fiber laser enucleation of the prostate
Description: A high-power (120 W) thulium fiber laser (Urolase, IPG IRE-POLUS, Russia) with wavelength of 1940 nm was used for thulium laser enucleation. In our study, we used a 600-μm laser fiber. The operations were performed at power of 60 W energy of 1.5 J and repetition rate of 40 Hz. Laser power in the verumontanum zone was decreased to 30 W and repetition rate to 20 Hz.
Study NCT03230721 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Monopolar enucleation of the prostate
Description: Monopolar enucleation was performed with a high-frequency generator (50-60 Hz), a pusher-electrode, and a hook-electrode.
Study NCT03230721 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ho:YAG laser enucleation of the prostate
Description: Holmium laser enucleation of prostatic hyperplasia was performed with a 100 W laser (VersaPulse Powersuite 100, Lumenis, USA/Israel) with wavelength of 2100 nm and 550-μm fiber at the tip. The operation was performed at power of 70 W; it was decreased to 40 W when incisions were made at the verumontanum.
Study NCT02425280 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Narrative Exposure Therapy
Study NCT02425280 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Treatment as Usual
Study NCT02257463 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: theophylline, long acting bronchodilators (LABD) or combined LABD and inhaled steroids according to GOLD recommendations
Study NCT02257463 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: peripheral muscles exercise training
Study NCT02257463 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: inspiratory muscle training
Description: Patients started breathing at a resistance that required generation of 30% of their PImax for one week. The load was then increased incrementally, 5-10%, to reach generation of 60% of their PImax at the end of the first month. Specific IMT was then continued at 60% of their PImax adjusted weekly to the new PImax achieved.
Study NCT03206580 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Concentric training
Description: Subjects will be submitted to 8 weeks (16 sessions) of a concentric training for knee flexors and knee extensors. This training will be performed in an isokinetic dynamometer at 70% of the subject's maximal voluntary isometric contraction.
Study NCT03206580 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Concentric-Eccentric training
Description: Subjects will be submitted to 8 weeks (16 sessions) of a concentric-eccentric training for knee flexors and knee extensors. This training will be performed in an isokinetic dynamometer at 70% of the subject's maximal voluntary isometric contraction.
Study NCT01995266 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Asunaprevir
Study NCT01995266 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Daclatasvir
Study NCT03288454 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Apixaban
Description: Apixaban 10mg given twice daily (q12h)
Study NCT03288454 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Apixaban
Description: Apixaban 10mg given twice daily (q12h)
Study NCT02623777 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides
Description: Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides administered
Study NCT02623777 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Short chain fatty acids
Description: Short chain fatty acids administered
Study NCT00618735 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BIIB021
Description: Dosage, frequency (once daily), and duration as specified in protocol. This dosing arm is currently on hold.
Study NCT00618735 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BIIB021
Description: Twice daily dosing
Study NCT02318836 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Lofexidine Hydrochloride (HCl) tablets
Description: Lofexidine HCl tablets (two 200 µg tablets) will be administered orally with 240 mL room temperature tap water as a single 400 µg dose in the morning on Day 1 after a 10 hour overnight fast.
Study NCT01018654 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Standard Cognitive Behavioral Treatment
Description: Standard CBT for Substance Abuse
Study NCT01018654 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Culturally Adapted Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment
Description: Culturally Adapted CBT for Substance Abuse
Study NCT04648332 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride
Description: compartment psoas block
Study NCT04923698 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: yoga training
Description: All women in group B were treated by the same antidepressant drugs as in group A and yoga program, 50 minutes daily, 7 days per week for 12 weeks (Total 84 sessions).
Study NCT01618526 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Western Style Diet
Description: Cross over design with two intervention diet: Healthy Carbohydrate Diet with approximally 55 grams of dietary fibers (Arabinoxylans and Resist Starch) compared with a Western Style Diet with a low content of dietary fibers.
Study NCT01618526 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Healthy Carbohydrate Diet
Description: Cross over design with two intervention diet: Healthy Carbohydrate Diet with approximally 55 grams of dietary fibers ( Arabinoxylans and Resistent Starch) compared with Western Style Diet with low content of dietary fibers
Study NCT00637377 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Ranibizumab
Description: Participants received a 0.5 mg dose of Ranibizumab via intravitreal (IVT) injection administered every 4 weeks for the first year. Thereafter a dose may be administered as frequently as every 4 weeks, but no less frequently than every 12 weeks.
Study NCT00637377 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Aflibercept Injection (EYLEA, VEGF Trap-Eye, BAY86-5321)
Description: Participants received a 2.0 mg dose of Aflibercept Injection administered every 4 weeks for the first year. Thereafter a dose may be administered as frequently as every 4 weeks, but no less frequently than every 12 weeks.
Study NCT00637377 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Aflibercept Injection (EYLEA, VEGF Trap-Eye, BAY86-5321)
Description: Participants received a 0.5 mg dose of Aflibercept Injection administered every 4 weeks for the first year. Thereafter a dose may be administered as frequently as every 4 weeks, but no less frequently than every 12 weeks.
Study NCT00637377 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Aflibercept Injection (EYLEA, VEGF Trap-Eye, BAY86-5321)
Description: Participants received a 2.0 mg dose of Aflibercept Injection administered every 8 weeks (including one additional 2,0 mg dose at Week 4) for the first year. Thereafter a dose may be administered as frequently as every 4 weeks, but no less frequently than every 12 weeks.
Study NCT04843969 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Stress induction
Description: Exposure to a psychosocial stressor
Study NCT04843969 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Control stress exposure
Description: Exposure to a control task (no stress)
Study NCT04843969 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Cue induction
Description: Exposure to a smoking-related task
Study NCT04843969 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Cue induction
Description: Exposure to a smoking-related task
Study NCT04843969 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Neutral cue exposure
Description: Exposure to neutral cues
Study NCT04843969 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Neutral cue exposure
Description: Exposure to neutral cues
Study NCT01939964 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Activation Mist
Description: Activation Mist topical spray
Study NCT01939964 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Activation Mist
Description: Activation Mist topical spray
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BMS-650032 (NS3 Protease Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 200 mg, Twice daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a (pegIFNα-2a)
Description: Solution, Subcutaneous, 180 μg/mL, Once weekly, 48 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pegylated Interferon Lambda (pegIFNλ)
Description: Solution, Subcutaneous, 180 μg/mL, Once weekly, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ribavirin (RBV)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 1000 or 1200 mg based on weight, Twice daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pegylated Interferon Lambda (pegIFNλ)
Description: Solution, Subcutaneous, 180 μg/mL, Once weekly, 16 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Ribavirin (RBV)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 1000 or 1200 mg based on weight, Twice daily, 16 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BMS-790052 (NS5A Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 60 mg, Once daily, 16 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: BMS-650032 (NS3 Protease Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 200 mg, Twice daily, 16 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo (PBO) for BMS-650032 (Placebo for NS3 Protease Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 0 mg, Twice daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo (PBO) for BMS-650032 (Placebo for NS3 Protease Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 0 mg, Twice daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo (PBO) for BMS-790052 (Placebo for NS5A Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 0 mg, Once daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Placebo (PBO) for BMS-790052 (Placebo for NS5A Inhibitor)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 0 mg, Once daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo for Ribavirin (RBV)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 0 mg, Twice daily, 24 weeks
Study NCT01309932 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Placebo for Ribavirin (RBV)
Description: Tablets, Oral, 0 mg, Twice daily, 16 weeks
Study NCT03205436 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Affinity human amniotic membrane
Description: fresh hypothermically stored human amniotic membrane
Study NCT02477605 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: CONSTELLATION® 27-gauge Combined Surgical Pak
Description: Sterile single-use supplies necessary to perform 1 vitrectomy surgery: 1 ULTRAVIT® 27-gauge 7500 cuts per minute (cpm) vitrectomy probe and a 27-gauge EDGEPLUS® Valved Entry System comprised of 3 trocar/cannulas and related accessories.
Study NCT02477605 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: CONSTELLATION® 23-gauge Combined Surgical Pak
Description: Sterile single-use supplies necessary to perform 1 vitrectomy surgery: 1 ULTRAVIT® 23-gauge 7500 cuts per minute (cpm) vitrectomy probe and a 23-gauge EDGEPLUS® trocar/cannula set comprising of 3 trocars/cannulas and related accessories.
Study NCT02477605 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Vitrectomy surgery
Description: Microincisional pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery for the treatment of various vitreoretinal diseases ranging from simple to advanced cases
Study NCT02477605 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Vitrectomy surgery
Description: Microincisional pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) surgery for the treatment of various vitreoretinal diseases ranging from simple to advanced cases
Study NCT03721913 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: participation-based intervention
Description: The participation-based intervention is a goal-orientated, family-centered, and self-determined approach that emphasize on solution strategies based on child and family-selected goals. Intervention strategies will be formed by analyzing the strength and needs of child, family, and environment, and implemented by collaboration between family and interventionists.
Study NCT03419572 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Data collection
Description: Only available evaluations as decided by the investigator based on local clinical practice will be collected.
Study NCT00198315 — intervention group
Intervention type: COMBINATION_PRODUCT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Medpulser electroporation with Bleomycin
Description: Patients receive electroporation with injection of bleomycin sulfate at a concentration of 1 U/ml per cm3 of tumor treatment area.
Study NCT03041883 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Crosslinking with riboflavin of the corneal graft-support
Description: Corneal graft support for the KPro will be crosslinked and used with the standard surgical technique
Study NCT03041883 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: De-epithelisation of the corneal graft support with instillation of riboflavin
Description: Corneal graft-support will be de-epithelialized and soaked with riboflavin and then used with the standard surgical technique
Study NCT03019575 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Corifollitropin alfa
Description: CFA administered 100 μg (if body weight ≤60 kg) or 150 μg (if body weight >60 kg) by SC injection, once every 2 weeks for 64 weeks (Day 1, Week 0 through Week 64).
Study NCT00198315 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Tumor surgical excision
Description: Patients have their tumor surgically removed.
Study NCT00593866 — intervention group
Intervention type: RADIATION
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: INTENSITY MODULATED RADIOTHERAPY
Description: Five fractions weekly, fraction size determined by dose level
Study NCT00593866 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Gemcitabine
Description: 1000mg/m2 will be infused over 100 minutes on days 1, 8, 22 and 29 of the radiation treatment
Study NCT02965846 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: AGN-195263
Description: 1 drop of AGN-195263 will be instilled in each eye twice daily.
Study NCT02965846 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Vehicle
Description: 1 drop of AGN-195263 vehicle(placebo) will be instilled in each eye twice daily.
Study NCT01388361 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: insulin degludec
Description: Injected s.c. (under the skin) once daily. The doses will be individually adjusted
Study NCT01388361 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: insulin aspart
Description: Injected s.c. (under the skin) once daily. The doses will be individually adjusted.
Study NCT01388361 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: liraglutide
Description: Injected s.c. (under the skin) once daily. The doses will be individually adjusted.
Study NCT03366701 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Intervention: Rehabilitation
Description: The intervention (routine care) correspond to five weeks rehabilitation program
Study NCT02717117 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Soup meal
Description: Soup meal as above
Study NCT00355095 — intervention group
Intervention type: DRUG
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Erythropoietin
Description: intravenous daily 3.3 \*10\^4 Units, duration 3 days
Study NCT02764242 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: Skin prick test
Description: Skin prick tests to local and imported insect sting allergen with different concentration are performed.
Study NCT02764242 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: OTHER
Intervention: sIgE measurement
Description: sIgE levels to stinging insect allergen and their recombinant venom allergen are measured
Study NCT03837886 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Sodium bicarbonate
Description: The subjects should ingest 0.3g.kg of sodium bicarbonate 90 minutes before the beginning of the protocol task.
Study NCT03837886 — intervention group
Intervention type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Group type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Calcium carbonate
Description: The subjects should receive gelatinous capsules containing 0.3 g.kg -1 of Calcium Carbonate
Study NCT02715544 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Healthy lifestyle
Description: The families will receive a designed for these purposes intervention
Study NCT02715544 — intervention group
Intervention type: OTHER
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: physical activity and dietary guidelines
Description: The families will receive a designed for these purposes intervention
Study NCT04477772 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: JS004 , Recombinant humanized IgG4k monoclonal antibody specific to BTLA for injection Intravenous infusion
Description: Part A: including dose escalation (1mg/kg JS004; 3mg/lg JS004; 10mg/kg JS004), dose expansion (3mg/kg JS004 and 200mg JS004) and indication expansion. Part B: including dose escalation (240mg JS004+100mg JS001; 240mg JS004+ 200mg JS001), dose expansion (240mg JS004+100mg JS001; 240mg JS004+ 200mg JS001) and indication expansion.
Study NCT03035396 — intervention group
Intervention type: DEVICE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Diassess Influenza A and B Test
Study NCT01350024 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Frontal nerve block with 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 dilution of epinephrine
Description: Frontal Nerve Block 5 cc will be administered preoperatively once.
Study NCT01350024 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Subconjunctival injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 dilution with epinephrine
Description: Patients will receive a 1.5 cc dose of subconjunctival lidocaine as above
Study NCT04477772 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Drug：JS001, Intravenous infusion
Description: Part B: including dose escalation (240mg JS004+100mg JS001; 240mg JS004+ 200mg JS001), dose expansion (240mg JS004+100mg JS001; 240mg JS004+ 200mg JS001) and indication expansion.
Study NCT02938754 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: VR-based motor training
Description: Subjects will perform 3 different training protocols in Virtual Reality that imply performing tasks of vertical and planar reaching and hitting spheres, or hockey pucks, spaced at different time, speed and color.
Study NCT02938754 — intervention group
Intervention type: BEHAVIORAL
Group type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR
Intervention: Conventional Therapy
Description: Subjects will perform conventional rehabilitation tasks for the upper-extremities that imply vertical and planar reaching movements.
Study NCT03758404 — intervention group
Intervention type: BIOLOGICAL
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: adeno-associated virus vector AAV- CNGA3
Description: Adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy for defects in CNGA3 gene
Study NCT01513382 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Pilonidal sinus excision
Description: The dyed portion of the excised pilonidal sinus and non-dyed cavity excision specimen will be studied histopathologically to detect any remnant of pilonidal sinus.
Study NCT03641391 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Intraoperative direct cortical electrical stimulation
Description: Intraoperative direct electrical stimulation on language or language-associate cortex, was performed using a 5-mm wide bipolar electrode with a pulse frequency of 60 Hz and an amplitude of 1.5 to 6 milliamperage. The somatosensory evoked potential was recorded with a 6-contact subdural strip electrode. If after-discharge activity indicated that the stimulation current was too high, the current amplitude was decreased by 0.5 to 1 milliamperage. The participants would be undergone awake anesthesia and asked to perform language tasks during the stimulation.
Study NCT03641391 — intervention group
Intervention type: PROCEDURE
Group type: EXPERIMENTAL
Intervention: Intraoperative direct subcortical electrical stimulation
Description: Intraoperative direct electrical stimulation on language or language-associate subcortical pathways, was performed using a biphasic square-wave pulse delivered at 60 Hz with a current amplitude ranging from 1.5 to 10 milliamperage. The somatosensory evoked potential was recorded with a 6-contact subdural strip electrode. If after-discharge activity indicated that the stimulation current was too high, the current amplitude was decreased by 0.5 to 1 milliamperage. The participants would be undergone awake anesthesia and asked to perform language tasks during the stimulation.