最高人民法院关于审理破坏野生动物资源刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释
类别：司法解释
发布机关：最高人民法院
发布日期：2000-11-27 00:00:00
施行日期：2000-12-11 00:00:00
效力状态：已废止

最高人民法院

关于审理破坏野生动物资源刑事案件

具体应用法律若干问题的解释

法释〔2000〕37号

（2000年11月17日最高人民法院审判委员会第1141次会议通过　2000年11月27日最高人民法院公告公布　自2000年12月11日起施行）

为依法惩处破坏野生动物资源的犯罪活动，根据刑法的有关规定，现就审理这类案件具体应用法律的若干问题解释如下：

第一条　刑法第三百四十一条第一款规定的"珍贵、濒危野生动物"，包括列入国家重点保护野生动物名录的国家一、二级保护野生动物、列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录一、附录二的野生动物以及驯养繁殖的上述物种。

第二条　刑法第三百四十一条第一款规定的"收购"，包括以营利、自用等为目的的购买行为；"运输"，包括采用携带、邮寄、利用他人、使用交通工具等方法进行运送的行为；"出售"，包括出卖和以营利为目的的加工利用行为。

第三条　非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售珍贵、濒危野生动物具有下列情形之一的，属于"情节严重"：

（一）达到本解释附表所列相应数量标准的；

（二）非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售不同种类的珍贵、濒危野生动物，其中两种以上分别达到附表所列"情节严重"数量标准一半以上的。

非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售珍贵、濒危野生动物具有下列情形之一的，属于"情节特别严重"：

（一）达到本解释附表所列相应数量标准的；

（二）非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售不同种类的珍贵、濒危野生动物，其中两种以上分别达到附表所列"情节特别严重"数量标准一半以上的。

第四条　非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售珍贵、濒危野生动物构成犯罪，具有下列情形之一的，可以认定为"情节严重"；非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售珍贵、濒危野生动物符合本解释第三条第一款的规定，并具有下列情形之一的，可以认定为"情节特别严重"：

（一）犯罪集团的首要分子；

（二）严重影响对野生动物的科研、养殖等工作顺利进行的；

（三）以武装掩护方法实施犯罪的；

（四）使用特种车、军用车等交通工具实施犯罪的；

（五）造成其他重大损失的。

第五条　非法收购、运输、出售珍贵、濒危野生动物制品具有下列情形之一的，属于"情节严重"：

（一）价值在10万元以上的；

（二）非法获利5万元以上的；

（三）具有其他严重情节的。

非法收购、运输、出售珍贵、濒危野生动物制品具有下列情形之一的，属于"情节特别严重"：

（一）价值在20万元以上的；

（二）非法获利10万元以上的；

（三）具有其他特别严重情节的。

第六条　违反狩猎法规，在禁猎区、禁猎期或者使用禁用的工具、方法狩猎，具有下列情形之一的，属于非法狩猎"情节严重"：

（一）非法狩猎野生动物20只以上的；

（二）违反狩猎法规，在禁猎区或者禁猎期使用禁用的工具、方法狩猎的；

（三）具有其他严重情节的。

第七条　使用爆炸、投毒、设置电网等危险方法破坏野生动物资源，构成非法猎捕、杀害珍贵、濒危野生动物罪或者非法狩猎罪，同时构成刑法第一百一十四条或者第一百一十五条规定之罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。

第八条　实施刑法第三百四十一条规定的犯罪，又以暴力、威胁方法抗拒查处，构成其他犯罪的，依照数罪并罚的规定处罚。

第九条　伪造、变造、买卖国家机关颁发的野生动物允许进出口证明书、特许猎捕证、狩猎证、驯养繁殖许可证等公文、证件构成犯罪的，依照刑法第二百八十条第一款的规定以伪造、变造、买卖国家机关公文、证件罪定罪处罚。

实施上述行为构成犯罪，同时构成刑法第二百二十五条第二项规定的非法经营罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。

第十条　非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录一、附录二所列的非原产于我国的野生动物"情节严重"、"情节特别严重"的认定标准，参照本解释第三条、第四条以及附表所列与其同属的国家一、二级保护野生动物的认定标准执行；没有与其同属的国家一、二级保护野生动物的，参照与其同科的国家一、二级保护野生动物的认定标准执行。

第十一条　珍贵、濒危野生动物制品的价值，依照国家野生动物保护主管部门的规定核定；核定价值低于实际交易价格的，以实际交易价格认定。

第十二条　单位犯刑法第三百四十一条规定之罪，定罪量刑标准依照本解释的有关规定执行。

附：

非法猎捕、杀害、收购、运输、出售珍贵、

濒危野生动物刑事案件"情节严重"、

"情节特别严重"数量认定标准表

+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 中文名      | 拉丁文名    | 级别        | 情节        | 情节特      |
|             |             |             |             |             |
|             |             |             | 严重        | 别严重      |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蜂猴        | Nycticebus  | Ⅰ           | 3           | 4           |
|             | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 熊猴        | Macaca      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | assamensis  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 台湾猴      | Macaca      | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | cyclopis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 豚尾猴      | Macaca      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | nemestrina  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 叶猴        | Presbytis   | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 金丝猴      | Rh          | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
| （所有种）  | inopithecus |             |             |             |
|             | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 长臂猿      | Hylobates   | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 马来熊      | Helarctos   | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | malayanus   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 大熊猫      | Ailuropoda  | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | melanoleuca |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 紫貂        | Martes      | Ⅰ           | 3           | 4           |
|             | zibellina   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 貂熊        | Gulo gulo   | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 熊狸        | Arctictis   | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | binturong   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 云豹        | Neofelis    | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | nebulosa    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 豹          | Panthera    | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | pardus      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 雪豹        | Panthera    | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | uncia       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 虎          | Panthera    | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | tigris      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 亚洲象      | Elephas     | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | maximus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蒙古野驴    | Equus       | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | hemionus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 西藏野驴    | Equus kiang | Ⅰ           | 3           | 5           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 野马        | Equus       | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | przewalskii |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 野骆驼      | Camelus     | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | ferus       |             |             |             |
|             | （＝b       |             |             |             |
|             | actrianus） |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鼷鹿        | Tragulus    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | javanicus   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑麂        | Muntiacus   | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | crinifrons  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白唇鹿      | Cervus      | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | albirostris |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 坡鹿        | Cervus eldi | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 梅花鹿      | Cervus      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | nippon      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 豚鹿        | Cervus      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | porcinus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 麋鹿        | Elaphurus   | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | davidianus  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 野牛        | Bos gaurus  | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 野牦牛      | Bos         | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | mutus（＝   |             |             |             |
|             | grunniens） |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 普氏原羚    | Procapra    | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | przewalskii |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 藏羚        | Pantholops  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | hodgsoni    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 高鼻羚羊    | Saiga       | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | tatarica    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 扭角羚      | Budorcas    | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | taxicolor   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 台湾鬣羚    | Capricornis | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | crispus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 赤斑羚      | Naemorhedus | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | cranbrooki  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 塔尔羊      | Hemitragus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | jemlahicus  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 北山羊      | Capra ibex  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 河狸        | Castor      | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | fiber       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 短尾信天翁  | Diomedea    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | albatrus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白腹军舰鸟  | Fregata     | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | andrewsi    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白鹳        | Ciconia     | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | ciconia     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑鹳        | Ciconia     | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | nigra       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 朱环        | Nipponia    | Ⅰ           |             | 1           |
|             | nippon      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 中华沙秋鸭  | Mergus      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | squamatus   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 金雕        | Aquila      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | chrysaetos  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白肩雕      | Aquila      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | heliaca     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 玉带海雕    | Haliaeetus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | leucoryphus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白尾海雕    | Haliaeetus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | albcilla    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 虎头海雕    | Haliaeetus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | pelagicus   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 拟兀鹫      | Pseudogyps  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | bengalensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 胡兀鹫      | Gypaetus    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | barbatus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 细嘴松鸡    | Tetrao      | Ⅰ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | p           |             |             |             |
|             | arvirostris |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 斑尾榛鸡    | Tetrastes   | Ⅰ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | sewerzowi   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 雉鹑        | T           | Ⅰ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | etraophasis |             |             |             |
|             | obscurus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 四川山鹧鸪  | Arborophila | Ⅰ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | rufipectus  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 海南山鹧鸪  | Arborophila | Ⅰ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | ardens      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑头角雉    | Tragopan    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | mel         |             |             |             |
|             | anocephalus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 红胸角雉    | Tragopan    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | satyra      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 灰腹角雉    | Tragopan    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | blythii     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黄腹角雉    | Tragopan    | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | caboti      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 虹雉        | Lophophorus | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 褐马鸡      | C           | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | rossoptilon |             |             |             |
|             | m           |             |             |             |
|             | antchuricum |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蓝鹇        | Lophura     | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | swinhoii    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑颈长尾雉  | Syrmaticus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | humiae      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白颈长尾雉  | Syrmaticus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | ewllioti    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑长尾雉    | Syrmaticus  | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | mikado      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 孔雀雉      | P           | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | olyplectron |             |             |             |
|             | b           |             |             |             |
|             | icalcaratum |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 绿孔雀      | Pavo        | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | muticus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑颈鹤      | Grus        | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | nigricollis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白头鹤      | Grus        | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | monacha     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 丹顶鹤      | Grus        | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | japonensis  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白鹤        | Grus        | Ⅰ           | 2           | 3           |
|             | l           |             |             |             |
|             | eucogeranus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 赤颈鹤      | Grus        | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | antigone    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鸨          | Otis spp.   | Ⅰ           | 4           | 6           |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 遗鸥        | Larus       | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | relictus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 四爪陆龟    | Testudo     | Ⅰ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | horsfieldi  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蜥鳄        | Shinisaurus | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | c           |             |             |             |
|             | rocodilurus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 巨蜥        | Varanus     | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | salvator    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蟒          | Python      | Ⅰ           | 2           | 4           |
|             | molurus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 扬子鳄      | Alligator   | Ⅰ           | 1           | 2           |
|             | sinensis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 中华蛩蠊    | Galloisiana | Ⅰ           | 3           | 6           |
|             | sinensis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 金斑喙风蝶  | Teinopalpus | Ⅰ           | 3           | 6           |
|             | aureus      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 短尾猴      | Macaca      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | arctoides   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 猕猴        | Macaca      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | mulatta     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 藏酋猴      | Macaca      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | thibetana   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 穿山甲      | Manis       | Ⅱ           | 8           | 16          |
|             | p           |             |             |             |
|             | entadactyla |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 豺          | Cuon        | Ⅱ           | 4           | 6           |
|             | alpinus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑熊        | Selenarctos | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | thibetanus  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 棕熊（      | Ursus       | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
| 包括马熊）  | a           |             |             |             |
|             | rctos（U.a. |             |             |             |
|             | pruinosus） |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 小熊猫      | Ailurus     | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | fulgens     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 石貂        | Martes      | Ⅱ           | 4           | 10          |
|             | foina       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黄喉貂      | Martes      | Ⅱ           | 4           | 10          |
|             | flavigula   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 斑林狸      | Prionodon   | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | pardicolor  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 大灵猫      | Viverra     | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | zibetha     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 小灵猫      | Viverricula | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | indica      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 草原斑猫    | Felis       | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | lybica（＝s |             |             |             |
|             | ilvestris） |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 荒漠猫      | Felis bieti | Ⅱ           | 4           | 10          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 丛林猫      | Felis chaus | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 猞猁        | Felis lynx  | Ⅱ           | 2           | 3           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 兔狲        | Felis manul | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 金猫        | Felis       | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | temmincki   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 渔猫        | Felis       | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | viverrinus  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 麝          | Moschus     | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 河麂        | Hydropotes  | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | inermis     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 马鹿（      | Cervus      | Ⅱ           | 4           | 6           |
| 含白臀鹿）  | el          |             |             |             |
|             | aphus（C.e. |             |             |             |
|             | macneilli） |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 水鹿        | Cervus      | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
|             | unicolor    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 驼鹿        | Alces alces | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黄羊        | Procapra    | Ⅱ           | 8           | 15          |
|             | gutturosa   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 藏原羚      | Procapra    | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | p           |             |             |             |
|             | icticaudata |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鹅喉羚      | Gazella     | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | s           |             |             |             |
|             | ubgutturosa |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鬣羚        | Capricornis | Ⅱ           | 3           | 4           |
|             | s           |             |             |             |
|             | umatraensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 斑羚        | Naemorhedus | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | goral       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 岩羊        | Pseudois    | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | nayaur      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 盘羊        | Ovis ammon  | Ⅱ           | 3           | 5           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 海南兔      | Lepus       | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | peguensis   |             |             |             |
|             | hainanus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 雪兔        | Lepus       | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | timidus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 塔里木兔    | Lepus       | Ⅱ           | 20          | 40          |
|             | y           |             |             |             |
|             | arkandensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 巨松鼠      | Ratufa      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | bicolor     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 角辟鹈      | Podiceps    | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | auritus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 赤颈辟鹈    | Podiceps    | Ⅱ           | 6           | 8           |
|             | grisegena   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鹈鹕        | Pelecanus   | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鲣鸟        | Sula spp.   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 海鸬鹚      | Ph          | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | alacrocorax |             |             |             |
|             | pelagicus   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑颈鸬鹚    | Ph          | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | alacrocorax |             |             |             |
|             | niger       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黄嘴白鹭    | Egretta     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | eulophotes  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 岩鹭        | Egretta     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 20          |
|             | sacra       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 海南虎斑    | Gorsachius  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | magnificus  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 小苇开      | Ixbrychus   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | minutus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 彩鹳        | Ibis        | Ⅱ           | 3           | 4           |
|             | le          |             |             |             |
|             | ucocephalus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白环        | T           | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | hreskiornis |             |             |             |
|             | aethiopicus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑环        | Pseudibis   | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | papillosa   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 彩环        | Plegadis    | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | falcinellus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白琵鹭      | Platalea    | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | leucorodia  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑脸琵鹭    | Platalea    | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | ninor       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 红胸黑雁    | Branta      | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | ruficollis  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白额雁      | Anser       | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | albifrons   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 天鹅        | Cygnus spp. | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鸳鸯        | Aix         | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | g           |             |             |             |
|             | alericulata |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 其他鹰类    | （Acc       | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | ipitridae） |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 隼科        | Falconidae  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑琴鸡      | Lyrurus     | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | tetrix      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 柳雷鸟      | Lagopus     | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | lagopus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 岩雷鸟      | Lagopus     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | mutus       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 镰翅鸡      | Falcipennis | Ⅱ           | 3           | 4           |
|             | falcipennis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 花尾榛鸡    | Tetrastes   | Ⅱ           | 10          | 20          |
|             | bonasia     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 雪鸡        | T           | Ⅱ           | 10          | 20          |
| （所有种）  | etraogallus |             |             |             |
|             | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 血雉        | Ithaginis   | Ⅱ           | 4           | 6           |
|             | cruentus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 红腹角雉    | Tragopan    | Ⅱ           | 4           | 6           |
|             | temminckii  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 藏马鸡      | C           | Ⅱ           | 4           | 6           |
|             | rossoptilon |             |             |             |
|             | c           |             |             |             |
|             | rossoptilon |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蓝马鸡      | C           | Ⅱ           | 4           | 10          |
|             | rossoptilon |             |             |             |
|             | aurtum      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑鹇        | Lophura     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 8           |
|             | leucomelana |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白鹇        | Lophura     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | nycthemera  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 原鸡        | Gallus      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 8           |
|             | gallus      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 勺鸡        | Pucrasia    | Ⅱ           | 6           | 8           |
|             | macrolopha  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白冠长尾雉  | Syrmaticus  | Ⅱ           | 4           | 6           |
|             | reevesii    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 锦鸡        | C           | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
| （所有种）  | hrysolophus |             |             |             |
|             | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 灰鹤        | Grus grus   | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 沙丘鹤      | Grus        | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | canadensis  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白枕鹤      | Grus vipio  | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蓑羽鹤      | A           | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | nthropoides |             |             |             |
|             | virgo       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 长脚秧鸡    | Crex crex   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 姬田鸡      | Porzana     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | parva       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 棕背田鸡    | Porzana     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | bicolor     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 花田鸡      | Coturnicops | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | nov         |             |             |             |
|             | eboracensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 铜翅水雉    | Metopidius  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | indicus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 小杓鹬      | Numenius    | Ⅱ           | 8           | 15          |
|             | borealis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 小青脚鹬    | Tringa      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | guttifer    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 灰燕行      | Glareola    | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | lactea      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 小鸥        | Larus       | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | minutus     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑浮鸥      | Chidonias   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | niger       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黄嘴河燕鸥  | Sterna      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | aurantia    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑嘴        | Thalasseus  | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
| 端凤头燕鸥  | zimmermanni |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑腹沙鸡    | Pterocles   | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
|             | orientalis  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 绿鸠        | Treron spp. | Ⅱ           | 6           | 8           |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑颏果鸠    | Ptilinopus  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | leclancheri |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 皇鸠        | Ducula spp. | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 斑尾林鸽    | Columba     | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | palumbus    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鹃鸠        | Macropygia  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鹦鹉科      | P           | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  | sittacidae. |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鸦鹃        | Centropus   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| NFACE形目   | S           | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  | TRIGIFORMES |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 灰          | Hirundapus  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| 喉针尾雨燕  | coch        |             |             |             |
|             | inchinensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 凤头雨燕    | Hemiprocne  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | longipennis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 橙胸咬鹃    | Harpactes   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | oreskios    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 蓝耳翠鸟    | Alcedo      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | meninting   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 鹳嘴翠鸟    | Pelargopsis | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | capensis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 黑胸蜂虎    | Merops      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | l           |             |             |             |
|             | eschenaulti |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 绿喉蜂虎    | Merops      | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | orientalis  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 犀鸟科      | Bucertidae  | Ⅱ           | 4           | 8           |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 白          | Dryocopus   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| 腹黑啄木鸟  | javensis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 阔嘴鸟科    | E           | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  | urylaimidae |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 八色鸫科    | Pittidae    | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 凹甲陆龟    | Manouria    | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | impressa    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 大壁虎      | Gekko gecko | Ⅱ           | 10          | 20          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 虎纹蛙      | Rana        | Ⅱ           | 100         | 200         |
|             | tigrina     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 伟铗八      | Atlasjapyx  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | atlas       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 尖板曦箭蜓  | H           | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | eliogomphus |             |             |             |
|             | retroflexus |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 宽纹北箭蜓  | O           | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | phiogomphus |             |             |             |
|             | spinicorne  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 中华缺翅虫  | Zorotypus   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | sinensis    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 墨脱缺翅虫  | Zorotypus   | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | medoensis   |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 拉步甲      | Carabus（Co | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | ptolabrus） |             |             |             |
|             | lafossei    |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 硕步甲      | Carabus（Ap | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | otopterus） |             |             |             |
|             | davidi      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 彩臂金龟    | Cheirotonus | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
| （所有种）  | spp.        |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 叉犀金龟    | Allomyrina  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | davidis     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 双尾褐凤蝶  | Bhutanitis  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | mansfieldi  |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 三尾褐凤蝶  | Bhutanitis  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | thaidina    |             |             |             |
|             | don         |             |             |             |
|             | gchuanensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 中华虎凤蝶  | Luehdorfia  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | chinensis   |             |             |             |
|             | h           |             |             |             |
|             | uashanensis |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 阿波罗绢蝶  | Parnassius  | Ⅱ           | 6           | 10          |
|             | apollo      |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+