87value/wos11967 huggingface dataset:
The constant changes occurring in today's teaching and learning processes provide a continuous improvement in the interaction of information. At the same time, globalization and the need for streamlining time facilitate the development of new methods of imparting knowledge. With the new information technologies, new forms of learning occur adding greater dynamism to the information. This form of learning, which optimizes time and space, is known as distance learning and it is being amply used in many different areas. Distance education presents the advantage of facilitating the teaching and learning processes without face-to-face interaction as knowledge is transmitted, partly or as a whole using technology. In fact, technological innovation has assumed a vital role in education. Looking to achieve more efficiency in carrying out the various activities, the job market constantly requires an investment in new skills and knowledge so that the professionals can operate the equipment and working tools, successfully and with quality. This paper presents a new system of learning a curricular unit of Circuit Theory using desktop virtual reality (VR). The software provides the possibility to understand the relationship between the physical concepts of an electrical circuit, direct or alternating current, through computer simulations and animations. This work was developed to demonstrate how a desktop VR prototype, Virtual Electric Manual-VEMA, can be applied to an engineering unit and used to enhance security and resourcefulness in using electrical equipment. Several interactive scenes were developed to illustrate the idea using a measurements and instrumentation laboratory as virtual environment. A range of interactive learning environments are presented: the menu with the first interactive experiment is the simulator of a DC circuit. It allows the student to analyze the setting up of a parallel, or series-parallel resistive circuit series powered by direct current; the second menu, features the simulator of an alternating current circuit and demonstrates how the student can perform the analysis of a circuit with resistors, inductors and capacitors; the third interactive experiment is the simulator of a three-phase alternating current circuit; the fourth menu refers to a study on the transitional phenomena. Finally, the fifth menu is an interactive experiment related to the phenomena of resonance. VEMA offers students the opportunity to understand the processes, helping them to better discern the procedures and trains them to interact with the equipment. The VEMA prototype addresses these issues and highlights the potential benefits of using VR for this purpose. Each experiment will provide technical and scientific knowledge in order to give the student/user adequate information and training in the subject.
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is one of the most popular and indispensable tools in molecular biology. Despite numerous advances in ELISA methods that markedly improve the sensitivity and throughput of detection, a hallmark of all ELISA continues to be repeated pipetting of fluids that is not only cumbersome but can easily introduce errors or contaminations. Robotics, despite obvious advantages, remains expensive. Here, we designed and produced cheap pillar plates using stereolithography-based 3D printing that can be readily inserted into conventional 96- and 384- well plates and serve as the substrate for ELISA. We demonstrate that ELISA using these pillar plates affords comparable specificity and sensitivity of detection of serum antibodies to traditional sandwich ELISA, while markedly reducing the time and efforts associated with fluid transfer. These results underscore pillar plates as an attractive platform for rapid yet robotics-free ELISA.
This paper deals with the evaluation of innovative e-learning materials that were created within the project Exemplary developmental projects from industry for reinforcing the practical knowledge of future mechanical engineers at the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen (UWB) at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FME) in the Department of Machine Design (DMD). Under this project, e-learning study materials were created based on themes that are common in technical practice and at the same time interesting, necessary and useful for educating students at FME. This entire project was divided into 10 basic design areas, which all contain one or more design projects. Individual design projects were worked on by academics in cooperation with students, and also with help from industry practitioners, so that everything corresponds with modern norms and standards currently used in real industrial companies. E-learning materials were created for all the design projects. These materials have been implemented into the teaching of several subjects, not only in DMD for which they were originally intended, but due to the extensiveness of these materials they are also used for teaching in other departments at FME. All e-learning materials consist of several important parts, including a 3-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) model, calculation, drawings, technical description, etc. All these parts are necessary for describing the structure of a machine or device in detail and for explaining all their features and functions. After completing the project and implementing the new e-learning materials into teaching, it was necessary to evaluate the success of the project and its impact on the quality and methods of teaching. Questionnaires were created and given to students for completion. We were also interested in the opinions of practitioners from the engineering industry, so we asked employees of companies we cooperate with to evaluate the study materials. Using all the gathered information and opinions, we evaluated the quality of the materials and its impact on teaching. Mistakes were corrected and the whole project was brought to a successful conclusion.
Linux-based operating systems and runtimes (OS/Rs) have emerged as the environments of choice for the majority of HPC systems. While Linux-based OS/Rs have advantages such as extensive feature sets and developer familiarity, these features come at the cost of additional system overhead. In contrast to Linux, there is a substantial history of work in the HPC community focused on lightweight OS/Rs that provide scalable and consistent performance for HPC applications, but lack many of the features offered by commodity OS/Rs. In this paper, we propose to bridge the gap between LWKs and commodity OS/Rs by selectively providing a lightweight memory subsystem for HPC applications in a commodity OS/R where concurrently executing a diverse range of workloads is commonplace. Our system HPMMAP provides lightweight memory performance transparently to HPC applications by bypassing Linux's memory management layer. Using HPMMAP, HPC applications achieve consistent performance while the same local compute nodes execute competing workloads likely to be found in HPC clusters and in-situ workload deployments. Our approach is dynamically configurable at runtime, and requires no resources when not in use. We show that HPMMAP can decrease variance and reduce application runtime by up to 50 percent when executing a co-located competing commodity workload.
The heart rate (HR) measurements based on the camera (visible light) can be used to detect HR in non-contact mode, which has great application prospects both in the clinical application and home health care. However, CMOS sensors equipped with rolling shutters, which distinguishes different lines per frame to become light sensitive at different moments in time, and stylized dithering of image acquisition (IMAQ) time caused by different computer programs running in the background will greatly influence the accuracy of the measured HR. In this paper, we analyze the phase error caused by CMOS sensor and the system error introduced by system sampling clock jitters. According to derivation, we propose two methods, amplitude-frequency superposition and a cubic spline interpolation reconstruction method based on actual schedules, that can be widely utilized in computer vision to overcome the camera phase error and sampling time fluctuation error. Amplitude of signal is analyzed and processed in amplitude-frequency domain in the method of amplitude-frequency superposition, which ignores the signal phase. Thus it can eliminate the phase error effectively. The cubic spline interpolation reconstruction method based on actual schedules can reconstructed the non-uniform sampling of images as uniform ones, so it can eliminate the system error involved by the system clock jitters. What's more, the properties of the methods are tested by applying them to both simulation experiments and real HR measurements. In the simulation, amplitude of measured signal is improved 4. 58% relative to the amplitude measured without the method of amplitude-frequency superposition; root mean square error of signal's frequency, detected by the cubic spline interpolation reconstruction method based on actual schedules, is reduced more than 30%. In the real HR measurements, the amplitude of HR is raised to 33. 5% relatively based on amplitude-frequency superposition. And the accuracy of HR is raised to approximately 40% by the method of cubic spline interpolation reconstruction method based on actual schedules. Therefore, the simulation experiments and real HR measurement proof that we can effectively eliminate the camera phase error based on the amplitude-frequency superposition extraction method, and the cubic spline interpolation based on the timetable method can effectively reduce the random error in IMAQ due to system clock jitters. These methods can both be widely used in dynamic signal detection based on machine vision.
Research was conducted to understand and extend Rothbart and Park's (1986) innovative study of trait attribution. Participants estimated the baserate frequency of correspondent behaviors and the behavioral expectations of trait stereotypes. The frequency of correspondent behavior appears to determine the evidence needed to confirm and disconfirm traits observed by Rothbart and Park by shaping the behavior expected of persons with a trait. When the baserate of correspondent behavior is high, it is generally expected of everyone, and less likely to impact trait attributions. In contrast, when correspondent behavior is uncommon, it is expected primarily of persons with a trait, and weighted more heavily in the inference process. The findings help to explain why traits that are hard to acquire are easy to lose and why positive trait attributions are harder to acquire but easier to lose than negative trait attributions.
PathWhiz is a web server built to facilitate the creation of colorful, interactive, visually pleasing pathway diagrams that are rich in biological information. The pathways generated by this online application are machine-readable and fully compatible with essentially all web-browsers and computer operating systems. It uses a specially developed, web-enabled pathway drawing interface that permits the selection and placement of different combinations of pre-drawn biological or biochemical entities to depict reactions, interactions, transport processes and binding events. This palette of entities consists of chemical compounds, proteins, nucleic acids, cellular membranes, subcellular structures, tissues, and organs. All of the visual elements in it can be interactively adjusted and customized. Furthermore, because this tool is a web server, all pathways and pathway elements are publicly accessible. This kind of pathway crowd sourcing means that PathWhiz already contains a large and rapidly growing collection of previously drawn pathways and pathway elements. Here we describe a protocol for the quick and easy creation of new pathways and the alteration of existing pathways. To further facilitate pathway editing and creation, the tool contains replication and propagation functions. The replication function allows existing pathways to be used as templates to create or edit new pathways. The propagation function allows one to take an existing pathway and automatically propagate it across different species. Pathways created with this tool can be re-styled into different formats (KEGG-like or text-book like), colored with different backgrounds, exported to BioPAX, SBGN-ML, SBML, or PWML data exchange formats, and downloaded as PNG or SVG images. The pathways can easily be incorporated into online databases, integrated into presentations, posters or publications, or used exclusively for online visualization and exploration. This protocol has been successfully applied to generate over 2,000 pathway diagrams, which are now found in many online databases including HMDB, DrugBank, SMPDB, and ECMDB.
Excessive ethanol consumption alters the neuroimmune system and particularly impacts the cytokine milieu of the CNS. Cytokine dysregulation has been shown to underlie addictive-like behaviors including alcohol abuse; however, many studies focus primarily on the proinflammatory cytokine profile during alcohol dependence. The current study furthers this research by determining the impact of excessive ethanol consumption on interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) activity in a model of non-dependent binge consumption called the drinking in the dark (DID) paradigm. Furthermore, the ability of IL-10 to modulate ethanol consumption was tested using site-directed pharmacology. Immunohistochemistry analyses determined that ethanol decreased IL-10 by 50 % in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) but had no effect on IL-4. Neither IL-10 nor IL-4, however, were altered in the central amygdala (CEA). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays confirmed that IL-10 was decreased in the amygdala but not in the serum, suggesting changes of this cytokine with the DID paradigm are restricted to the central nervous system. Finally, bilateral infusions of IL-10 into the BLA, but not CeA, reduced binge-like drinking and corresponding blood ethanol concentrations without impacting either locomotor activity or anxiety-like behavioral correlates. Together, these data support the idea that alcohol abuse dysregulates specific anti-inflammatory cytokines; however, ameliorating alcohol-induced effects on cytokines, like IL-10, may prove to be an effective therapy in curbing excessive consumption.
Background: Campylobacter species are widespread zoonotic pathogens. Campylobacter jejuni causes a form of gastroenteritis called campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter drug resistance is considered a serious threat. In order to better understand national and international research output on Campylobacter, we conducted this bibliometric overview of publications on Campylobacter. This study can be used to assess extent of interaction and response of researchers, food regulators, and health policy makers to global burden of campylobacateriosis. Methods: Scopus database was used to retrieve publications with the following keywords (Campylobacter/campylobacteriosis, C. jejuni, C. coli). The study period was set from 2000 to 2015. All types of journal documents, excluding errata, were considered. Bibliometric indicators such as annual growth of publications, country contribution, international collaboration, and citation analysis were presented. The quality of retrieved data was indirectly assessed by Hirsch index and impact factor of journals. Results: A total of 5522 documents were retrieved with median (Q1-Q3) citations of 9 (2-23) and h-index of 113. Annual number of publications showed a fluctuating increase. The core leading journals were Applied and Environmental Microbiology journal and Journal of Food Protection with 246 (4.46%) publications for each. The USA (1309; 23.6%) was the most productive country while Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (150; 2.7%) was the most productive institution. Half of the top ten productive countries were European. France had the lowest percentage (33.5%) of articles with international collaboration while Netherlands (57.7%) had the highest percentage of articles with international collaboration. Approximately half (50.1%) of retrieved articles were published in journals under the subject area of immunology/microbiology. Main themes in highly cited articles were molecular biology/genetics and public health burden of campylobacteriosis. There were 728 (13.1%) articles on campylobacter-related drug resistance, and the top cited articles focused mainly on increasing resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions: There was a clear increase in number of publications on Campylobacter. Rational use of antimicrobials in humans, poultry, and animals is highly recommended. International collaboration is highly required particularly in implementing new diagnostic screening technologies to minimize global health burden of Campylobacter and ensure food safety.
Two-dimensional (2D) boron nitride (BN) nanosheets, the rising material stars, have unique properties and amazing functionalities. The concise history of diverse synthesis routes of BN nanosheets is briefly summarized here; and the recent development towards mass production of BN nanosheets, i.e. chemical blowing technique relying on blowing molten polymer precursors into large polymeric bubbles and subsequent annealing into BN bubbles/nanosheets, is focused on. The abundant BN nanosheets enable their applications, especially in the representative polymeric composites with BN nanosheet additives, as particularly highlighted in this review. The highly thermoconductive insulating BN-filled composites are thus envisaged as high-performance packaging materials for electrical circuits.
In the Design4All project, a hardware and software architecture is under development for the implementation of adaptable and adaptive applications aimed to support all people in carrying out an independent life at home. In this paper, the problems of interactions with applications implemented in the Android platform, chosen for the experiments of interaction with the developed applications, are discussed with main emphasis on two main aspects: (i) the use of facilities supporting accessibility available in the most commonly used operating systems (mainstreaming) and (ii) the portability of solutions across different platforms.
Individual and life span differences in charitable giving are an important economic force, yet the underlying motives are not well understood. In an adult, life span sample, we assessed manifestations of prosocial tendencies across 3 different measurement domains: (a) psychological self-report measures, (b) actual giving choices, and (c) fMRI-derived, neural indicators of pure altruism. The latter expressed individuals' activity in neural valuation areas when charities received money compared to when oneself received money and thus reflected an altruistic concern for others. Results based both on structural equation modeling and unit-weighted aggregate scores revealed a strong higher-order General Benevolence dimension that accounted for variability across all measurement domains. The fact that the neural measures likely reflect pure altruistic tendencies indicates that General Benevolence is based on a genuine concern for others. Furthermore, General Benevolence exhibited a robust increase across the adult life span, potentially providing an explanation for why older adults typically contribute more to the public good than young adults.
Mobile devices, namely phones and tablets, have long gone smart. Their growing use is both a cause and an effect of their technological advancement. Among the others, their increasing ability to store and exchange sensitive information, has caused interest in exploiting their vulnerabilities, and the opposite need to protect users and their data through secure protocols for access and identification on mobile platforms. Face and iris recognition are especially attractive, since they are sufficiently reliable, and just require the webcam normally equipping the involved devices. On the contrary, the alternative use of fingerprints requires a dedicated sensor. Moreover, some Icinds of biometrics lend themselves to uses that go beyond security. Ambient intelligence services bound to the recognition of a user, as well as social applications, such as automatic photo tagging on social networks, can especially exploit face recognition. This paper describes FIRME (Face and Iris Recognition for Mobile Engagement) as a biometric application based on a multimodal recognition of face and iris, which is designed to be embedded in mobile devices. Both design and implementation of FIRME rely on a modular architecture, whose workflow includes separate and replaceable packages. The starting one handles image acquisition. From this point, different branches perform detection, segmentation, feature extraction, and matching for face and iris separately. As for face, an antispoofing step is also performed after segmentation. Finally, results from the two branches are fused. In order to address also security-critical applications, FIRME can perform continuous reidentification and best sample selection. To further address the possible limited resources of mobile devices, all algorithms are optimized to be low-demanding and computation-light. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In the manufacturing field it happens that products are processed by high-speed production lines. They pass through different machines in order to be processed, according to a pre-established order, resting on moving supports. Usually they do not stop during this process: rather, the machines are able to track and handle them while they are moving. The advantages of this kind of process stem from the continuous motion of the product, that results in an increased productivity since there is no downtime during the production. As a consequence, the tracking of goods is widely adopted to process, to manipulate and to package the products. As reported in literature, strong effort is being directed at the development of an effective control system allowing for the synchronization of the operations and the detection of the position of the incoming products. All of these systems are generally called cutting systems on the fly. For the design and the setup of these systems, it is critical to have a tool to simulate and analyse the behaviour of the machine. This article proposed a systemic approach to model the main elements that characterize such systems aimed to develop the most effective control strategy to improve the performance of the machine. The simulation tool allows to predict the behaviour of the machine and to test different control strategies.