Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694824379942.pdf (Georgia)
JECM 2022/3 SALOME LOLUA, DEVI TABIDZE MODERN VISION OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN GEORGIA AND MANAGING REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROCESSES Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia სალომე ლოლუა, დევი ტაბიძე საქართველოში დემოგრაფიული ვითარების თანამედროვე ხედვა და რეპროდუქციული ჯანმრთელობის პროცესების მართვა თბილისის სახელმწიფო სამედიცინო უნივერსიტეტი, თბილისი, საქართველო doi: https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2022.03.18 რეზიუმე თანამედროვე სამეცნიერო კვლევისა და ცხოვრების პრაქტიკის მიხედვით, დემოგრაფია არ ემსახურება მოსახლეობის მხოლოდ სტატისტიკურ აღწერას.
საჭიროების მიხედვით მან გააფართოვა თავისი ფარგლები და სხვა მეცნიერებებთან ერთად რეპროდუქციული ჯანმრთელობის სიღრმისეულ საკითხებს ასახავს.

მსოფლიოს 5 გლობალურ პრობლემას შორის მსოფლიოს დემოგრაფიული სიტუაციისა და რეპროდუქციული ჯანმრთელობის პროცესების მართვა წამყვანია.

ეს ყველაფერი ითვალისწინებს მსოფლიო მოსახლეობის კატასტროფულ ზრდას და შესამჩნევ შემცირებას უძველესი ცივილიზაციის ქვეყნებში, მათ შორის, საქართველოში.
It has been stablished through modern scientific research and life practice that demography does not serve only statistical description of population.

Throughout time, based on needs, it expanded its scope and, together with other sciences, it depicts in-depth issues of reproductive health.

Among 5 global problems in the world the one of managing the demographic situation and processes of reproductive health is prevailing.
All this envisages disastrous growth of the world population and significant decrease of it in the countries with ancient civilization, including, Georgia.

Based on research carried out by world level scientists, it can be said that nations of ancient civilization are at the verge of disappearance.

According to the UN official statistics, out of 145 million children, 125 million are born in developing countries.
Based on 2019 data of UN, in 80 % of world countries, the amount of population grew while the demographic indicator in Georgia is prone to decrease.

As stated by the national service of statistics of Georgia, as of January 1, 2019, the amount of the population of Georgia equaled 3.723.

5 thousand people which is less than 0.2 % (by 6 165 people) compared with 2017 indicator.
The UN data also demonstrates according to preliminary alarming forecast the population of which country will increase and decrease in 2020-2100.

Namely, the population of Georgia after 80 years will decrease by 38.7 % - 1.5 million and amount to 2.4 million.

Georgia falls within the 10 top countries where the amount of population will decrease significantly by 2100.

Research was carried out in 2010-2015 in Georgia with the help of experts of UN Population Fund.
It was about the study of the demographic situation in Georgia and the reasons of problems of reproductive health processes.

The UN Population Fund also offered full analysis of universal census of population in Georgia in 2014 in terms of birth, mortality, migration, reproductive health, aging, etc.

The regional UN office prepared recommendations for the government of Georgia based on research focusing mainly on problematic issues, expected threats and changes in state policy in the next decades.
The following four fundamental issues were identified in the processes of managing the demographic situation and reproductive health: 1.

Birth 2.

Sexual and reproductive health 3.

Age structure of the population and the process of aging 4.
Mortality and morbidity of population 1 JECM 2022/3 With support of the Georgian office of the UN foundation, joint UN research also proves that the lack of knowledge of the population of reproductive health and sexual rights remain the significant challenge in developing the demographic policy of the country.
The following issues also add to it: mother and child health, prevention of sexual diseases, existence of the powerful institute of family planning, modern methods of contraception, safe sex, the problem of young age chidllessness, surrogation and invitro fertilization and criminal abortions.
Modern visions of managing processes, research aims and objectives are:  To define how important the role of reproductive health is in developing the demographic policy of the country  To study the awareness and attitude of the population in defining the reproductive role  Essential targeted interventions and demographic development of the population and unhealthy attitude towards this issue in Georgia Insufficient and incompetent approach and vision taking into consideration the actuality of the issue In-depth study and analysis of the national and international scientific literature around the issue    Developing research instruments.
Carrying out research and processing the results  Selecting the target population, informing the population The following research material and methods were clearly formulated in the priority of managing the processes of reproductive health and the demographic situation: The so-called mixed research method will be used in the survey which encompasses both qualitative and quantitative ones.
The questionnaire to be administered will be developed for the quantitative method which assessed the level of awareness of the population regarding reproductive health while qualitative individual and focus group interviews were carried out in establishments of various levels to study the awareness and attitudes of the population.

The obtained data was processes with the help of the international program SPSS.
Research was carried out throughout 9 months and a special international research group volunteers selected in terms of demographic policy and reproductive health took part.

International experts of demographic direction were also involved in the process.

After finalizing the research, processing and analyzing its results, conclusions and reccommendations were developed.

Conclusions and Recommendations: 1.


Demography policy in Georgia and reproductive age health depict dynamics of population development.

2.

It is worth noting that participation of public health services in processes management has to be activated.

3.

The state healthcare system should discuss the following as its priority research direction: decrease of the amount of population, health challenges of the reproduction age, aging of the nation which is directly linked with state healthcare policy issues.
4.

Medical aspects of the demographic problem in Georgia was studied for the first time within the scope of research 5.

The role of reproductive health was defined in the process of demographic development of the country.

6.

A retrospective analysis of research outcomes was carried out for the first time.

7.

Needs of the population were defined and identified regarding teaching reproductive healthcare so that to further implement stage-by stage effective preventive measures towards problems.

8.
8.

PR technologies for involving the population of the reproductive age need to be refined.

9.

The summary can read as follows: necessity of works to be carried out to solve the problem arises in the country, which is based on the data of research carried out and reasoned by it.
References: 1. https://www.ncdc.ge/Handlers/GetFile.ashx?ID=7ae60a59-9a73-46a7-9744-0dde68a67e0e 2. https://www.geostat.ge 3. http://www.ombudsman.ge/res/docs/2019070211091439761.pdf 2 JECM 2022/3 4. http://www.gfma.ge/documents/Newsletter%203.pdf საქართველოს საოჯახო მედიცინის პროფესიული კავშირი 5. გიორგი წულაძე, ,,დემოგრაფიის მოკლე ენციკლოპედიური ლექსიკონი''.

თბილისი, 2005 წ.

6. საქართველოს სტატისტიკური წელიწდეული 2019, STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF GEORGIA 2019.

7.

G. Meladze, N. Loladze.


Population Changes and Characteristics of Demographic Processes in Tbilisi // Space-Society-Economy.

N19, pp.

85-101 (2017).

8. ლორთქიფანიძე ვაჟა, „დემოლოგია“, თბილისი, 2018 9.
„გლობალიზაცია და დემოგრაფიული პრობლემები“ – (თბილისი, 2006) - ევროკავშირის გამოცემა САЛОМЕ ЛОЛУА, ДЕВИ ТАБИДЗЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ВИДЕНИЕ ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ В ГРУЗИИ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССАМИ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ Тбилисский Государственный Медицинский Университет, Тбилиси, Грузия РЕЗЮМЕ Согласно современным научным исследованиям и практикам, демография не служит только статистическому описанию населения.
Согласно необходимости, он расширил свой объем и отражает глубину репродуктивного здоровья с другими науками.

Демографическая ситуация в мире и репродуктивные процессы здоровья ведут среди 5 глобальных проблем во всем мире.

Все это предусматривает катастрофический рост населения мира и уведомления о сокращении стран древней цивилизации, включая Грузию.
SALOME LOLUA, DEVI TABIDZE MODERN VISION OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN GEORGIA AND MANAGING REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROCESSES Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia SUMMARY It has been stablished through modern scientific research and life practice that demography does not serve only statistical description of population.

Throughout time, based on needs, it expanded its scope and, together with other sciences, it depicts in-depth issues of reproductive health.
Among 5 global problems in the world the one of managing the demographic situation and processes of reproductive health is prevailing.

All this envisages disastrous growth of the world population and significant decrease of it in the countries with ancient civilization, including, Georgia.

Keywords: demographic situation, reproductive health, Georgia  3