Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1696591268495.pdf (Vanuatu)
Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTRES and FIRST REFERRAL LEVEL HOSPITALS PLANNING GUIDE EQUIPMENT AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES August 2005 1 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Table of Contents 1.

Introduction Acronyms How to read a table 2.


Primary Health Care Centres: Functional description, planning of equipment and renewable resources 2.1 Primary Health Care Centre 2.2 Delineations 2.3 Typical Floor Plan 2.4 Room-by-room description and planning of a typical primary health centre 3.
First Referral Level Hospitals: Functional description, planning of equipment and renewable resources 3.1 Hospitals at First Referral Level 3.2 Delineations 3.3 Room-by-room description and planning for a typical first referral level hospital 3.3.1 Essential Clinical Services 3.3.2 Essential Clinical Support Services 3.3.3 Essential Non-Clinical Support Services 3.3.4 Administrative Services 3.4 Room-by-room space programme for typical first referral level hospital 4.
Definitions, Glossary and Assumptions 5.

Acknowledgements 6.

References 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 8 25 26 26 28 28 134 174 207 214 221 224 224 UNICEF 2 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 1.

Introduction The health of children and women has been at the centre of UNICEF’s agenda since its inception in 1946.
This commitment was strengthened and reiterated by the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989 and more recently by the Millennium Development Goals and UNICEF’s organizational priorities.

In 158 countries and territories, UNICEF works with governments and their partners to improve the availability of quality health care, and children’s and women’s access to it.

Primary health care centres play a central role as they provide basic health care to communities.
They constitute the entry point into the country health system.

Their activities are supported by health care services at the first referral level.

Improving services at both levels has a major impact on national health indicators and helps governments in fulfilling their national and international health care provision commitments and goals.

Making suitable supplies available, accessible and affordable is fundamental to these efforts.
In this context, UNICEF has taken the initiative to develop this Planning Guide, the first of its kind.

It aims to facilitate the planning and procurement process for medical devices and supplies for primary and first referral level health care services.

The Planning Guide approaches both levels of facilities from a functional perspective, describing the scope of their services and activities, then translating these into medical equipment and supplies required.
The impact on the mechanical, electrical and engineering systems has also been identified for each of the items described.

This Guide does not provide a standard model or essential list but is relevant in a wide variety of situations.

UNICEF Supply Division oversees the organization’s global supply and logistics operations.

It ensures that high quality supplies reach children and their families in a timely manner.
The Division also supports UNICEF field offices and Procurement Services customers globally.

Throughout its procurement, UNICEF maintains the highest ethical standards.

Through Procurement Services, partners can call upon the experience of UNICEF’s extensive network and team of multi- disciplinary professionals to assist with and coordinate all aspects of their procurement, from needs assessment to distribution.
As a key part of its efforts, UNICEF offers capacity building to governments and their partners to help them become self-sufficient.
UNICEF 3 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Acronyms AIDS A&E CBR CSSD CTG ENT EPI FRL GP Hb HFD HIV ICU IV NBR OPD OT PHC PHLS POP PPM PR PV PVC SS S/S TST TTO UNICEF USG WHO ` Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Accident and Emergency Community-Based Rehabilitation Central Sterile Supply Department Cardiotocography Ear, Nose and Throat Expanded Programme on Immunization First Referral Level General Practitioner Haemoglobin Habit forming drug cupboard Human Immunodeficiency Virus Intensive Care Unit Intravenous National Building Requirements Out-Patient Department Operating Theatre Primary Health Care Primary Health Laboratory Services Plaster of Paris Planned Preventive Maintenance Per rectum Per vagina Poly Vinyl Chloride Stainless Steel Sharp/Sharp Time Steam Temperature To Take Out (medicines) United Nations Children's Fund Ultrasonography World Health Organization Items that are standard in UNICEF’s Supply Catalogue are identified with their corresponding S-number.
How to read a table Item description Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) C: Equipment items that impact on the construction of the building (for example items that are wall or ceiling mounted).
M: Items that have an impact on the mechanical engineering infrastructure (for example items requiring hot and/or cold water supply or/and sewage drainage) C C M Q C M E 1 1 1 20 4 2 E E: Impact on the electrical installation of the hospital (in general, it concerns high voltage requirements, but could also be low voltage such as data communication or nurse call) UNICEF 4 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.
Primary Health Care Centres: Functional description, planning of equipment and renewable resources 2.1 Primary Health Care Centre 2.2 Delineations 2.3 Typical Floor Plan 2.4 Room-by-room description and planning of a typical primary health centre 2.4.01 Waiting/Multipurpose 2.4.02 Toilet (public) 2.4.03 Nurse Station 2.4.04 Clean Utility 2.4.05 Toilet (staff) 2.4.06 Resuscitation (optional) 2.4.07 Consultation/Examination (including reproductive health) 2.4.08 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 2.4.09 2-Bed Room (Optional) 2.4.10 Toilet (Patient) 2.4.11 Delivery Room 2.4.12 Toilet (Patient) 2.4.13 Soiled Utility/Laundry 2.4.14 Primary Health Laboratory UNICEF 5 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.1 Primary Health Care Centre Primary health care is a package of basic health services, which should be available, accessible, affordable and acceptable to the whole population.
It is usually the first contact children and their communities have with the national health system.

In addition to health promotion and disease prevention services, a primary health care centre provides ambulatory curative care.

It may for this purpose have a few beds for observation or for awaiting referral/transportation to a higher level hospital.
Furthermore, it also serves as a facility which patients are referred to from dispensaries and village health workers for services and activities such as ante- and post-natal care or family planning, nutritional advice and health education.

Commonly it is run by paramedical staff, with doctors on scheduled visits.

The team includes at least a registered nurse, a midwife, a medical assistant, and two or three auxiliary staff.
The typical catchment area would be a population of 5,000 to 10,000 people, depending on the geographic factors.

2.2 Delineations Medical devices and renewable resources are planned on the basis of the functional programme that allows the centre to fulfil its role as primary health care provider.

For practical reasons, the functional programme is divided into rooms with activities.

These activities are then translated into devices and renewable resources that are required, on a room-by-room basis.
The following factors should be taken into account when using tables: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) national health policies with regard to primary health services provision, appropriateness of the physical environment of the facility assessment, capacity and capabilities of the staffing, operational expenses (maintenance, consumables, etc.)

that follow the initial investment, that quantities mentioned will have to be matched with the actual capacity and occupancy of the facility.
UNICEF 6 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.3 Typical layouts for primary health care A centre that only includes the first few rooms (Treatment, Injection/Dressing, Waiting area) is a nurse station or health post.

When the facility also provides consultation/examination and resuscitation services, it is a health centre.

Further extending the scope of services results into the centre becoming a rural hospital [1].
UNICEF 7 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.4 Room-by-room description and planning of a typical primary health centre 2.4.01 Waiting/Multipurpose (25 m2) The waiting area should be situated as close as possible to the entrance of the PHC centre.

It must be large enough to accommodate the chairs and space for the activities as discussed below.
Activities: Waiting area; Health education sessions concerning the prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them available to the population of the country.
The scope of health education is determined by the needs of the community, but mainly centres around the basic elements of primary healthcare: Maintenance of general health and well being; Nutrition; Safe water and basic sanitation; Mother and child; Immunization; Local endemic diseases; Prevention of blindness; General illness and injuries; and The provision of essential medicines.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal Q C M E 5 1 Renewable/Disposable: Please note that educational material is stored in different locations within the clinic.

2.4.02 Toilets (public) (8 m2) Sufficient and accessible toilets facilities should be allocated to manage the patient load including handicapped patients.
The public toilets should be situated in such a manner that the normal functioning of the clinic is not impaired with patients waiting to utilize ablution facilities.

Hand wash and hygiene posters posted on walls, strengthen the educational aspect.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated Q C M E 3 3 3 Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).

Sq 001 Hand wash soap/liquid/optional 002 Paper for paper dispenser/Optional 003 S055200 Soap, toilet, bar, approx.110g, wrapped Item description UNICEF 8 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.4.03 Nurse Station (10 m2) The nurse station is situated adjacent to the waiting area, easily accessible from and to the rest of the clinic.
Sufficient space should be allocated to this area to accommodate the furniture and ease staff flow.

Activities: This area is utilized as a communication and correspondence centre: Patient problems – Patient-referral letters; Administrative problems – Letters to and from supervisors; Communication for patient referrals to higher level providers (first referral level and/or ambulance services, as well as health workers.)
Administration health care activities: Registration; Clinic records; Laboratory records; Ward register; Discharge letter; Antenatal card; Child health card; Report forms; Monthly report form; Posters and leaflets.

Administration of equipment and funds: Requisition forms; Stock ledgers; Cash books, receipts and petty-cash vouchers; Minutes of meetings.
Issue vouchers and inventories; Medicine control point.

Information and patient reporting, and a reference point for the appropriate area for treatment or a clinic session.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Telephone Unit (optional) 002 Radio, two way (optional) 003 Wall clock 004 S0005021 Cupboard, st., 2 doors, 4 shelves, adjust.
005 Chair, desk, height adjustable 006 S5005500 Chair, folding, steel 007 Counter, reception, 2.50 m 008 Basket, waste-paper, metal 009 Board, bulletin, framed, 1.20 x 0.70 m Q C M E E 1 C E 1 1 E 1 1 2 1 C 1 1 E Item description Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq 001 Card Antenatal 002 Card child health 003 Cash books, receipts and petty-cash vouchers 004 Clinic records 005 Laboratory records 006 Monthly report form 007 Clinic records 008 Laboratory records UNICEF 9 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 009 Monthly report form 010 Posters and leaflets 011 Registration 012 Report forms 013 Requisition forms 014 Stock ledgers 015 Vouchers and Inventory forms 016 Pens 017 Paper/Writing blocks 018 Ward register 2.4.04 Clean Utility (8 m2) The clean utility should be situated in close proximity of the clinical activities e.g.
delivery room, resuscitation room and treatment/consulting room.

Due to operational space limitation, sterilising for clinic use is done in this area.

Sufficient space and shelving should be allocated to accommodate storage of diverse utensils.
Activities: Immunization vaccine to be kept in the refrigerator and controlled at 4 °C and recorded; Cold chain maintenance; Packing and sterilising of instruments and drapes; Instrument sets allocated in the different areas; Maintenance of sterility; and Storage utensils with control of minimum and maximum levels.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 004 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 005 Blanket, adult, ward-type, blue 006 Blanket, baby wrapping, flannel, ward-type, white 007 Mask, face, cotton, theatre-type, green 008 Gown, ward-type, adult, white 009 Pillow, ward-type, white 010 Sheet, bed, ward-type, white 011 Sheet, draw, ward-type, white 012 Towel, adult, ward-type, white 013 Towel, instrument, 1.40 x 1.60 m, theatre-type, green 014 Towel, instrument, 1.80 x 2.85 m, theatre-type, green 015 Towel, hand, white 016 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 017 Dispenser, soap, hand operated 018 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 019 S0005021 Cupboard, st., 2 doors, 4 shelves, adjust.
020 S0150000 Stand, infusion, wheel, double hook 021 S0156000 Sterilizer, steam, 39L 022 Sterilizer/washer, steam, 1 door, 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.60 m, w generator (optional) 023 Basket, instruments, 0.24 x 0.25 x 0.06 m 024 Basket, instruments, 0.12 x 0.25 x 0.06 m 025 Box, st. st., with hinged lid, small, 0.25 x 0.10 x 0.05 m E Q C M E 1 1 1 C M 1 4 10 40 10 10 10 20 20 50 50 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 C M E 1 C M E 3 2 2 UNICEF 10 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 026 S0106000 Drum, st. st., sterilizing, diam 16 cm x 12 cm 027 S0107700 Drum, st. st., sterilizing, diam 26 cm x 17 cm 028 ice pack for vaccine carrier 029 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal 030 S0002093 Vacc.carrier, Apex IVC-8F, PIS E4/68-M 2 1 5 1 5 Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq Item description 001 Liquid hand wash 002 Steriliz/Ren - 005 Sterilization Paper 003 Steriliz/Ren - 001 Tape, Paper, Adhesive, 1.8 mm x 50 m 004 Steriliz/Ren - 002 Tape, Autoclave (3 sizes) 005 Steriliz/Ren - 003 Self-sealing, steam sterilization pouches (5 sizes) 006 Steriliz/Ren - 004 Self-sealing, chemical sterilization pouches (5 sizes) 007 S0514000 Brush,hand,scrubbing,plastic /EA 008 S0552000 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 009 S0558100 Indicator,TST control spot/PAC-300 010 Cloth-011 Drape, Surgical, woven(1 X 1 m) 011 Cloth-012 Drape, Surgical, woven(1 X 1,5 m) 2.4.05 Toilet (staff) (6 m2) Staff toilet to be utilized by staff only, to be kept locked at all times, space for personal belongings.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated Q C M E 2 2 2 Item description Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Sq 001 Hand wash soap/liquid/Optional 002 Paper for paper dispenser/Optional 003 S055200 Soap, toilet, bar, approx.110g, wrapped UNICEF 11 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.4.06 Resuscitation (optional) (20 m2) This area is optional and activities can also be conducted within the treatment room for practical and economical reasons.

The equipment in this area should then be allocated to the operational space (e.g.
treatment room) where these activities will take place.

This area is used to stabilise adult and paediatric patients, in the course of emergency, to maintain an airway and fluid maintenance for transfer to the next level of care.

Activities: Performed by a medical practitioner or registered nurse/midwife; To diagnose emergencies; Basic resuscitation of maintaining airway with, airway tube and manual resuscitation equipment; To place a I.V.
cannula and maintain fluid balance; To utilize emergency drugs if qualified to do so; To manage emergency documentation and transfer arrangements, e.g.

ambulance and clinical records compilation.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st., 2 trays 002 Stretcher patient, epoxy coated, with fixed patient support 003 Cabinet, instrument, single door, 0.45m 004 S5005500 Chair, folding, steel 005 S0150000 Stand, infusion, wheel, double hook 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st 007 Trolley, oxygen, complete 008 S0683200 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, adult 009 S0683300 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, child 010 S0845001 Resuscitator, hand-oper., adult, set 011 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V 012 Stethoscope, dual head Q C M E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E E Item description Oxygen mask, paediatric size Oxygen, nasal cannula Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq 001 Misc/r/p-006 Oxygen mask, adult 002 Misc/r/p-007 003 Misc/r/p-008 004 Tube/Cath-041 Airway Guedel, (00 - Neonatal) 005 Tube/Cath-042 Airway Guedel, (0 - Paediatric) 006 Tube/Cath-043 Airway Guedel, (1 - Child) 007 Tube/Cath-044 Airway Guedel, (2 - Adolescent) 008 Tube/Cath-045 Airway Guedel, (3 - Adult) 009 Tube/Cath-046 Airway Guedel, (4 + 5 – Adult Large) 010 Tube/Cath-047 Bubble Tubing 011 Tube/Cath-048 Silicone Rubber Tubing 012 Misc/inj/s-002 Set, Infusion, paediatric, precision 013 Misc/inj/s-003 Set, Infusion, Scalp vein 014 Misc/inj/s-004 Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet 015 0 016 S0481052 017 S0385000 018 S0481052 Webcol/Optional Thermometer,clinical, 35-42C /EA Tourniquet,latex rubber,75cm /EA Thermometer,clinical, 35-42C /EA UNICEF 12 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 019 S0385000 020 S1531510 021 S0519600 022 S0503025 023 S0709210 024 S0709220 025 S0709225 026 S0709230 027 S0744300 028 S0744400 029 S0782413 030 S0782405 031 S0782205 032 S0747432 033 S0747452 034 S0747420 035 S0782208 036 S0503010 037 S0503000 038 S0523005 Tourniquet,latex rubber,75cm /EA Chlorhexidine conc.
sol.
5%/BOT-100ml Cotton wool,500g,roll,non-ster (Make cotton wool balls) Bandage,elastic,7.5cmx5m,roll Cannula,IV short,18G,ster,disp /EA Cannula,IV short,20G,ster,disp /EA Cannula,IV short,22G,ster,disp /EA Cannula,IV short,24G,ster,disp /EA Needle,scalp vein,25G,ster,disp /EA Needle,scalp vein,21G,ster,disp /EA Syringe,dispos,luer,10ml,ster /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,5ml,ster /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,2ml,ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,21x1.5"ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,23x1"ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,19x1.5"ster /BOX-100 Safety box for used syrgs/ndls 5l/BOX-25 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m /EA Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,7.5cmx5m /EA Compress,gauze,10x10cm,n/ster/PAC-100 2.4.07 Consultation/Examination (including reproductive health) (15 m2) Patients needing privacy should be accommodated here.
The room should be fitted with a door.

If there is no door, bed screens should be provided in the form of a screen on wheels or a curtain to shield the couch area.

This room should be close to the waiting area where seating is available and easily accessible.

The booking schedule should be known to all employees and care taken not to overbook the facility.
Activities: Ante-natal clinic sessions; Baby weighing should be performed in this area or moved to the waiting area, where a “well baby” clinic could be held; Educational material could be used in this area or moved to the reception area for group education; Vital signs monitoring; and Safe injection practices.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 002 S0361020 Sheet, waterproof, Macintosh, ward-type 003 Towel, hand, white 004 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 005 Dispenser, soap, hand operated 006 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m 007 Cabinet, instrument, single door, 0.45m 008 Chair, desk, height adjustable 009 S5005500 Chair, folding, steel 010 S0169005 Stool, adjustable, on castors 011 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 012 S0184500 Table, examination, dismant, w/access 013 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 014 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 UNICEF 13 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 015 S114600 Measuring mat, length, child, 0-3 years 016 S1712000 Anatomy-chart pregnancy set, set of 8 (*) 017 S0777000 Speculum, grave, medium 018 S0777500 Speculum, grave, small 019 S0778000 Speculum, grave, large 020 Gen/Surg 002 Set, instruments, sutures 021 S0683200 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, adult 022 S0683300 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, child 023 S0686500 Stethoscope, foetal, plastic or aluminium 024 S0667000 Pelvimeter, Collyer type, external 025 S0640000 Hammer, reflex 026 S0660050 Otoscope set, cased 027 S0661500 Ophthalmoscope, direct 028 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V 029 S0145520 Scale, infant, clinic, metric,16kg x 10g 030 S0140500 Scale, physician, adult, metric, 6-160kg 031 S0145555 Scale (only) ,infant, spring, 25kg x 100g 032 S0002061 Doppler, foetal 033 Stethoscope, dual head 034 Stethoscope, paediatric head 035 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 E E E E Item description Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq Hand wash soap/liquid/Optional 001 0 Paper for paper dispenser/Optional 002 0 Soap, toilet, bar, approx.110g, wrapped 003 S055200 004 Misc/r/p-017 Cotton Tipped Applicator 005 Misc/r/p-016 Wooden Cervical Spatula 006 S0328001 007 S0328501 008 S0329001 009 S0330100 010 S0330102 011 S0330000 012 S0330011 013 S0782413 014 S0782405 015 S0782205 016 S0747432 017 S0747452 018 S0747420 019 S0782208 020 S0305000 021 S0503010 022 S0523005 023 S0521900 Gloves,surg,6.5,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,surg,7,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,surg,7.5,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,gynaeco,6.5,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,gynaeco,7.5,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,exam,latex,small,disp /BOX-100 Gloves,exam,latex,medium,disp /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,10ml,ster /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,5ml,ster /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,2ml,ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,21x1.5"ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,23x1"ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,19x1.5"ster /BOX-100 Safety box for used syrgs/ndls 5l/BOX-25 Apron,protection,plastic /EA Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m /EA Compress,gauze,10x10cm,n/ster/PAC-100 Gauze,roll,90cmx100m,non-sterile UNICEF 14 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.4.08 Treatment/Dressing/Injection (14 m2) This area is optional and activities can be conducted in the consultation/examination room if space is limited.
It should be considered as a clean area where sutures and wound care are rendered.

Activities: Immunization clinics and preparation of mass immunization; Minor suturing; Patients referred from hospital for dressing changes, or any wound dressing to be done in the dressing room; and Re-hydration therapy.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st.st., 2 trays 002 Work table, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 003 Cabinet, instrument, single door, 0.45m 004 S0169005 Stool, adjustable, on castors 005 S0184500 Table, examination, dismant, w/access 006 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st 008 Dental-001 Dental syringe set 009 Gen/Surg 001 Set, surgical instruments for dressing 010 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V Q C M E 1 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E Item description Pin, Safety, medium size/ Pac 12 Sut,nonabs,DEC2,need 3/8 13mm,tri/BOX-36 Sut,nonabs,DEC3,need 3/8 30mm,tri/BOX-36 Sut,nonabs,DEC2,need 3/8 13mm,tri/BOX-36 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.11 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.15 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.21 Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq 001 Need/Can-004 Needle, dental sterile, 27G Long, Gray 002 Need/Can-005 Needle, dental sterile, 30G Short, Yellow 003 Need/Can-006 Needle, dental sterile 30G Extra Short, Yellow 004 S0539000 005 S0565010 006 S0565011 007 S0565010 008 S0746110 009 S0746310 010 S0746400 011 Misc/inj/s-002 Set, Infusion, paediatric, precision 012 Misc/inj/s-003 Set, Infusion, Scalp vein 013 Misc/inj/s-004 Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet 014 Misc/inj/s-005 Set, Infusion, Vented 015 S0709210 016 S0709220 017 S0709225 018 S0709230 019 S0744300 020 S0503025 021 S0523050 022 S0328001 023 S0328501 024 S0329001 Cannula,IV short,18G,ster,disp Cannula,IV short,20G,ster,disp Cannula,IV short,22G,ster,disp Cannula,IV short,24G,ster,disp Needle,scalp vein,25G,ster,disp Bandage,elastic,7.5cmx5m,roll Compress,paraffin,10x10,ster/Box 10 Gloves,Surg,6.5,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,surg,7,ster,disp,pair /EA Gloves,surg,7.5,ster,disp,pair /EA UNICEF 15 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Gloves,exam,latex,small,disp /BOX-100 Gloves,exam,latex,medium,disp /BOX-100 Gauze,roll,90cmx100m,non-ster Compress,gauze,10x10cm,n/ster/PAC-100 Compress,gauze,10x10cm,ster/PAC-5 Cotton wool,500g,roll,non-ster /EA Syringe,2ml,w/needle,21Gx1.5"/BOX-100 Syringe,5ml,w/needle,21Gx1.5"/BOX-100 Syringe,10ml,w/needle,21Gx1.5"/BOX-100 Syringe,A-D,BCG,0.1ml,w/ndl,ster/BOX-100 Syringe,reuse,EPI,0.5ml/BOX-10 Needle,disp,22G(0.7x30mm),ster/BOX-100 Needle,disp,25G(0.5x16mm),ster/BOX-100 Needle,disp,23G(0.6x25mm),ster/BOX-100 Safety box f.used syrgs/ndls 5lt/BOX-25 Tape,adhesive,Z.O,perforated,10cmx5m Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m Chlorhexidine conc.
sol.
5% /BOT-100 ml Iodine solution 2.5% /BOT-30 ml Catheter,Foley,CH10,ster,disp Catheter,Foley,CH12,ster,disp Catheter,Foley,CH14,ster,disp Bag,urine,collecting,2000ml 025 S0330000 026 S0330011 027 S0521900 028 S0523005 029 S0523055 030 S0519600 031 S0782110 032 S0782111 033 S0782112 034 S0782209 035 S0782220 036 S0747440 037 S0747445 038 S0747452 039 S0782208 040 S0504000 041 S0503010 042 S1531510 043 S1553100 044 S0323300 045 S0323301 046 S0323302 047 S0330500 048 Misc/inj/s-006 File for ampoules 049 Misc/r/p-005 050 Cotton wool bolls/Sterile Bag, urine, paediatric 2.4.09 2-Bed Room (Optional) (14 m2) Should the need arise; patients can be accommodated overnight in the clinic.
The staff working in the primary healthcare clinic should be adequately trained and qualified to attend to these patients.

If the patients’ condition is of concern, the patient should be referred to the first referral hospital within the region.

Activities: Basic nursing care; Monitoring of vital signs.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 002 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel 003 Cabinet, bedside, standard 004 S5005500 Chair, folding, steel 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 006 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal 008 S0345100 Pump, breast, manual, w/accessories 009 S0222020 Bedpan, adult, st. st. 010 S0683200 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, adult 011 S0683300 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, child 012 S0686500 Stethoscope, foetal, plastic or aluminium 013 Stethoscope, dual head Q C M E 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 E UNICEF 16 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).

All the necessary disposables will be kept in a central storage area.

No stock will be allocated here and disposables will depend on demand and drawn from the stock area.

2.4.10 Toilet (Patient) (3 m2) This toilet is for in-patients who are staying in the two-bed room or the delivery area.
Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated Q C M E 1 1 1 Item description Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).


Sq 001 Hand wash soap/liquid/Optional 002 Paper for paper dispenser/Optional 003 S055200 Soap, toilet, bar, approx.110g, wrapped 004 Misc/dres-008 Obstetrical Pads 2.4.11 Delivery Room (19 m2) The delivery room should be easily accessible from the corridor passage at any time.

Patients’ privacy should be ensured.

Adequate space and furniture for delivery management as well as for the mother’s partner is required.
There should be adequate space for any procedures necessary for resuscitation and/or the maintenance of a clear airway.

Activities: Only trained staff e.g.


midwife/doctor to work in this area; Only uncomplicated deliveries to be done in this delivery room; Access to ambulance or emergency transport should be available to transport patients with undiagnosed complications to the first referral hospital; Delivery rooms will be used for all stages of labour, including recovery following birth if the bed facility is not available; A delivery bed with the infant cot and resuscitation equipment should be allocated here.
Adequate space to accommodate furniture, patients and medical staff during the delivery procedure; Vaginal delivery with the mother in the lithotomy position (according to protocol and staff availability per clinic and the country where this clinic is situated).
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock 002 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st.st., 2 trays 003 Trolley, soiled linen, 1 ring 004 S0361020 Sheet, waterproof, Macintosh, ward-type 005 Towel, hand, white 006 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 007 Dispenser, soap, hand operated 008 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel Q C M E 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 UNICEF 17 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 009 S0101000 Bed, labour, delivery, w/access 010 Cabinet, instrument, single door, 0.45m 011 S0169005 Stool, adjustable, on castors 012 S0150000 Stand, infusion, wheel, double hook 013 S0151001 Stand, single bowl, wheel, w/o bowl 014 S0186502 Table, instr, Mayo type, st.st., mobile 015 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 016 Table, general care, newborns 017 Trolley, oxygen, complete 018 S0760640 Pump, suction, foot-operated 019 S0791500 Vacuum extractor, Bird, manual, complete .set 020 Gyn/Obs 007 Forceps, Wrigleys (optional) 021 Gen/Surg 002 Set, instruments, sutures 022 S0683200 Blood pressure meter, sphygmomanometer, mercury, adult 023 S0686500 Stethoscope, foetal, plastic or aluminium 024 Gyn/Obs 002 Set, instruments for delivery 025 Gyn/Obs 003 Set, surgical instruments for episiotomy 026 S0845000 Resuscitator, hand-oper., infant/child, set 027 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V 028 S0145520 Scale, infant, clinic, metric,16kg x 10g 029 S0002061 Doppler, foetal 030 Stethoscope, paediatric head 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E E E E Item description Brush,hand,scrubbing,plastic /EA Apron,protection,plastic /EA Liquid hand soap /soap dispenser Soap, toilet, bar, 110g, wrapped /EA Extractor,mucus,20ml,ster,disp /EA Tube,suction,CH08,L50cm,ster,disp /EA Tube,suction,CH10,L50cm,ster,disp /EA Tube,suction,CH14,L50cm,ster,disp /EA Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq 001 S0514000 002 S0305000 003 0 004 S0552000 005 S0319000 006 S0374010 007 S0374015 008 S0374025 009 Tube/Cath-047 Bubble Tubing 010 Misc/r/p-019 011 S0322010 012 S0323010 013 S0330500 014 Misc/inj/s-002 Set, Infusion, paediatric, precision 015 Misc/inj/s-003 Set, Infusion, Scalp vein 016 Misc/inj/s-004 Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet 017 Misc/inj/s-005 Set, Infusion, Vented 018 S0709210 019 S0709220 020 S0709225 021 S0709230 022 S0744300 023 S0744400 024 S0503010 025 S0523055 Cannula,IV short,18G,ster,disp /EA Cannula,IV short,20G,ster,disp /EA Cannula,IV short,22G,ster,disp /EA Cannula,IV short,24G,ster,disp /EA Needle,scalp vein,25G,ster,disp /EA Needle,scalp vein,21G,ster,disp /EA Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m /EA Compress, gauze, 10x10 cm, ster /PAC-5 Connectors For Plastic Tubing Catheter,urethral, CH12, ster,disp /EA Catheter,urethral CH14,ster,disp /EA Bag,urine,collecting,2000ml /EA UNICEF 18 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Sampson Bleeze Neonatal Resuscitator/Optional Compress,gauze,10x10cm,n/ster,PAC/100 Gauze,roll,90cmx100m,non-ster/EA Cotton wool,500g,roll,non-ster /EA Tape umbilical,3mmx50m,non-ster /EA Umbilical Cord Clamp/Optional Safety box for used syrgs/ndls 5l/BOX-25 Syringe,dispos,luer,10ml,ster /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,5ml,ster /BOX-100 Syringe,dispos,luer,2ml,ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,21x1.5"ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,23x1"ster /BOX-100 Needle,disp,19x1.5"ster /BOX-100 Sut,abs,DEC2,need 3/8 26mm,tri/BOX-36 Sut,abs,DEC3,need 3/8 50mm,round / BOX-36 Sut,abs,DEC4,need 3/8 36mm,tri / BOX-36 026 S0523005 027 S0521900 028 S0519600 029 S0566005 030 Misc/r/p-013 031 S0782208 032 S0782413 033 S0782405 034 S0782205 035 S0747432 036 S0747452 037 S0747420 038 S0564004 039 S0564013 040 S0564020 041 Misc/dres-008 Obstetrical Pads 042 0 043 Tube/Cath-041 Airway Guedel, (00 - Neonatal) 044 Tube/Cath-042 Airway Guedel, (0 - Paediatric) 045 Tube/Cath-043 Airway Guedel, (1 - Child) 046 Tube/Cath-044 Airway Guedel, (2 - Adolescent)
 047 Tube/Cath-045 Airway Guedel, (3 - Adult) 048 Tube/Cath-046 Airway Guedel, (4 + 5 – Adult Large) 049 0 050 0 051 0 052 S0328001 053 S0328501 054 S0329001 055 S0329501 056 S0329901 057 S0330010 058 S0330011 059 S0330012 060 S0330100 061 S0330102 062 S0330104 1 mask, size 1 neonate 1 mask, size 4 adult 1 mask, size 5 adult Gloves,surg,6.5,ster,disp,pair Gloves,surg,7,ster,disp,pair Gloves,surg,7.5,ster,disp,pair Gloves,surg,8,ster,disp,pair Gloves,surg,8.5,ster,disp,pair Gloves,exam,latex,small,disp/BOX-100 Gloves,exam,latex,medium,disp/BOX-100 Gloves,exam,latex,large,disp/BOX-100 Gloves,gynaeco,6.5,ster,disp,pair Gloves,gynaeco,7.5,ster,disp,pair Gloves,gynaeco,8.5,ster,disp,pair 2.4.12 Toilet (patient) (3 m2) This toilet is for in-patients who are staying in the two-bed room or the delivery area.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated Q C M E 1 1 1 UNICEF 19 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).


Sq 001 Hand wash soap/liquid/Optional 002 Paper for paper dispenser/Optional 003 S055200 004 Misc/dres-008 Obstetrical Pads Soap, toilet, bar, approx.110g, wrapped 2.4.13 Soiled utility/Laundry (8 m2) All cleaning utensils for housekeeping are stored here.

The room also serves as the temporary storage point and testing area for specimens.

In this room, the products and specimens are collected if a disposal room is not allocated.
There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials for emptying and filling of buckets, and the routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink – which should have hot and cold water.

The room should be well ventilated so that cleaning equipment can dry quickly.

Activities: Urine testing; Examination of placentas; Washing of instruments; Linen soaking and washing; and Waste management.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktop, st. st., 2 sinks, laundry type 002 Trolley, soiled linen, 1 ring 003 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays 004 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid 005 Tub, wash, oval, plastic, 65 litre 006 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 007 Washer/extractor, 10 kg, semi-automatic 008 S2182000 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 litre 009 Rack, mobs 010 S2170000 Pail w/bail, handle, polyethylene, 10 litre 011 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mob, etc.
012 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 013 S0005021 Cupboard, st., 2 doors, 4 shelves, adjust.

Q C M E 1 1 1 1 1 1 C M 1 M E 1 1 3 1 1 1 Item description Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).


Sq 001 Plastic Bags 002 Cleaning Materials 003 Laundry Detergent 004 Non sterile disposable gloves UNICEF 20 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 2.4.14 Primary Health Laboratory (14 m2) For a comprehensive functional description of the laboratory services offered at primary health level, please refer to WHO publications [2,3].
Activities: Some common diseases in developing countries for which the primary health care laboratory might play a determinant role include: Parasitic diseases diagnosed by direct microscopic examination or after staining: malaria, onchocerciasis, trypanosomiasis, filariasis, schistosomiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, amoebiasis, ancylostomiasis and other parasites diagnosed in stools [2]; Bacterial diseases diagnosed by microscopic examination after staining: Tuberculosis, leprosy, sexually transmitted infective agents, and meningococcal and pneumococcal meningitis, acute respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases; Other conditions, particularly non-communicable, such as anaemia, diabetes and eclampsia [3].
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Work table, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 005 S0169005 Stool, adjustable, on castors 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st 007 Sterilizer, steam, bench top, 0.20 x 0.20 x 0.45 m, w generator (*) 008 Incinerator, laboratory, small (Sited outside building) 009 S0385000 Tourniquet, latex rubber, 75cm 010 S0948200 Counting chamber, for hemacytometer 011 Westergreen ESR rack 012 Hand tally counter 013 Rinse, pipettes/burettes 014 Drying rack for glass and plastic ware 015 Manual differential cell counter up to 100 cells 016 Ren/Lab 058 Test tube rack, metal to hold 20 tubes/ dia.15mm 017 Test tube clamp, wooden, 13 to 19mm diameter 018 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 100 ml 019 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 250 ml 020 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 500 ml 021 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 1000 ml 022 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 100 ml 023 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 250 ml 024 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 500 ml 025 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 1000 ml 026 Test tube, glass, heat resistant, 75 x 10 mm 027 Test tube, glass, heat resistant, 100 x 12 mm 028 Test tube, glass, heat resistant, 150 x 16 mm 029 Pipette, 2 ml 030 Pipette, WBC Diluting with white bead 031 Pipette, RBC Diluting with white bead 032 Pipette, volumetric, bulb, 1 ml 033 Pipette, volumetric, bulb, 5 ml 034 Pipette, graduated, 1 ml 035 Pipette, graduated, 5 ml 100 50 50 15 10 5 4 4 10 10 UNICEF 21 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 036 Pipette, graduated, 10 ml 037 Funnel, glass, 65 mm diameter 038 Funnel, glass, 100 mm diameter 039 Funnel, glass, 125 mm diameter 040 Dropping Bottles with stoppers, 30 ml 041
 Dropping Bottles with Ground Glass Stopper/Pipette, 30 ml 042 Dropping Bottles with Ground Glass Stopper/Pipette, 50 ml 043 Amber Glass Reagent Bottles, narrow mouth, 250 ml 044 Amber Glass Reagent Bottles, narrow mouth, 500 ml 045 Amber Glass Reagent Bottles, narrow mouth, 1000 ml 046 Petri dish with lid, glass, 90 mm diameter 047 Broad tipped forceps, Steel about 115mm long 048 S2270500 Scissors, all purpose, sharp, 180mm 049 S2170200 Pail ,w/bail handle, galvan.steel, 12 litre 050 Test tube brush 051 Brush for bottle and flasks 052 Funnel, polypropylene, 150 mm diameter 053 Funnel, polypropylene, 100 mm diameter 054 Drying rack for glass slides 055 S0745500 Scalpel handle Nr.
4, stainless steel, for No.22 blades 056 Plastic basin, 7 litre 057 Plastic basin, 13 litre 058 S0957105 Microscope, binocular, 3 objectives 059 Centrifuge, micro haematocrit, 12000 rpm 060 Centrifuge, general, 6 x 15 ml 061 Rotator 062 Balance, precision, 2200 g, <> 10 mg 063 Bath, water, precision, 15 l (optional) 064 Stirrer, hotplate, electric 065 S0952415 Oven, drying cabinet, 53 l, up to 300 °C 066 Filtration system 067 S0167600 Water distilling apparatus, 2 l/h 068 Diluter / dispenser, manual 069 Pipette, piston, set 7 sizes 070 Photometer, clinical chemistry, small baths and single analysis 071 S0000536 Haemoglobin meter 072 S0000532 Analyser, glucose, manual, strip type 073 Blood typing/grouping plate 074 S0922100 Box, empty, for 100 microscope slides 075 S0934001 Cover glass, microscope slides/BOX-100 076 S0969000 Slide,microscope,plain,76x26mm/BOX-100 077 Burette, pipette rinsing, set 078 S0983400 Timer, 60 min 079 Burner, Bunsen 080 Thermometer, laboratory, -10 to 120 C 081 S0580000 Urinary test set, complete 10 3 3 1 10 6 6 6 10 UNICEF 22 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Renewable/Disposable: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 Buckets and/or basins, plastic 002 Beaker 100 ml, glass or polypropylene 003 Bottles or containers 004 Universal containers, 28 ml capacity 005 Urine specimen, glass or plastic 006 Sputum specimens 007 Stool specimens 008 Brushes for cleaning bottles, flasks and test-tubes 009 Bunsen burner or spirit lamp 010 Centrifuge tubes, 15 ml capacity 011 Cylinder, graduated 100 ml capacity, glass or polypropylene 012 Flasks 013 Erlenmeyer, narrow mouth, glass (heat resistant), 100 ml and 250 ml 014 Volumetric, glass or polypropylene, with stopper, 100 ml and 250 ml 015 Funnel, glass or polypropylene 016 Microhaematocrit capillaries 017 Microscope slides, 75 x 22 mm 018 Coverglasses, square (22 x 22 mm) and/or rectangular 019 Pasteur pipettes, plastic disposable 020 Pipettes 10 ml 20 , L (0.02 ml) for haemoglobin and WBC dilution 021 Staining rack or tray to hold slides for staining 022 Stoppers, various sizes, plastic, rubber and/or cork 023 Teats, rubber 024 Test tubes, glass or polypropylene, 75 x 10 mm, 75 x 12mm and l00 x 12mm 025 Test tubes, heat-resistant glass, 150 x 16 mm 026 Thermometer (0-50 °C) 027 Wire loop 028 029 Glass-writing pen/pencil 030 Lancets, disposable 031 Lens cleaning paper 032 Oil for microscope immersion lens 033 Filter paper 034 Universal indicator paper, pH 1 -10 035 Set, instruments, blood sample collection Improved Neubauer chamber for cell counting by microscopy Basic Reagents: Item description Sq 001 Acetone 002 Ethanol 95% 003 Methanol 004 Buffer tablets for phosphate buffers (pH 6.8 and 7.2) 005 EDTA anticoagulant 006 Formalin (35-40%) 007 Hypochlorite, for disinfection 008 Sodium chloride (saline solution) 009 Sodium dichromate (cleaning solution) 010 Thymol crystals (for specimen preservation) 011 Xylene UNICEF 23 Primary Health Care Centres Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Urinary screen tests: Reagent test strips can be read visually against a colour scale to obtain a semi-quantitative approximation.
They are available for among others the following analyses: glucose, protein, erythrocytes (haemoglobin), bilirubin, nitrite, pH.

They may also include ketones and urobilinogen.

Diagnostic kits: A diagnostic kit is a package containing two or more reagents and/or other materials and a method protocol designed for undertaking a specified analytic procedure.

The reagents listed above are often available as diagnostic kits.
UNICEF 24 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.
First Referral Hospitals: Functional description, planning of equipment and renewable resources 3.1 Hospitals at First Referral Level 3.2 Delineations 3.3 Room-by-room description and planning for a typical first referral level hospital 3.3.1 Essential Clinical Services 3.3.1.1 Medical Ward, 30 beds 3.3.1.2 Surgical Ward, 30 beds 3.3.1.3 Paediatric Ward, 15 beds 3.3.1.4 Maternity Ward, 25 beds 3.3.1.5 Delivery Suite, 2 rooms 3.3.1.6 Surgical Suite, 2 theatres 3.3.1.7 Accident and Emergency 3.3.1.8 General Outpatient Department 3.3.2 Essential Clinical Support Services 3.3.2.1 Imaging Centre 3.3.2.2 Clinical Laboratory 3.3.2.3 Central Sterile Support Department 3.3.2.4 Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation 3.3.2.5 Pharmacy 3.3.3 Essential Non-Clinical Support Services 3.3.3.1 Laundry and Linen 3.3.3.2 Kitchen 3.3.3.3 Central Store 3.3.3.4 Housekeeping (Domestic Hygiene) 3.3.3.5 Waste Management 3.3.3.6 Engineering and Maintenance 3.3.3.7 Transport 3.3.3.8 Mortuary 3.3.4 Administrative Services 3.3.4.1 Security 3.3.4.2 Medical Records 3.3.4.3 Procurement 26 26 28 28 134 174 207 3.4 Room-by-room description and planning for a typical first referral level hospital 214 UNICEF 25 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.1 Hospitals at First Referral Level In order to succeed, primary health care must have an unwavering support from the top in the form of a clear, firm national policy – but its full realisation depends critically on the people at the first referral level who are charged with the management and implementation of primary health care strategies.
This makes the first referral level a pivotal one in the country’s health care delivery system.

The term first referral level is used here to describe a hospital at district level.

It is responsible for a defined rural or urban geographical area containing a defined population and governed by a politico- administrative organisation such as a district health management team.
The functions and responsibilities of a first referral level hospital could be summarised as follows: (i) (ii) (iii) it is an important support for other health services, and for health care in general, in the geographical area, it provides wide-ranging technical and administrative support and education and training for primary health care, and it provides an effective, affordable health care service for a defined population, with their full participation, in cooperation with agencies in the district that have similar concerns.
The size of a hospital at first referral level has a direct relation with its bed capacity, which in turn is a function of the size of the population served and its burden of disease pattern.

The grouping of populations around this type of health facilities vary.

In general first referral level hospitals serve communities of typically 50,000 people, sometimes up to 500,000 people.
The range of medical services offered differs from one country to another according to the: pattern of prevalent diseases, size and density of the population, geographic and climate conditions, level of economic development, socio-cultural infrastructure, quality and quantity of health resources, national policy for health, availability of medical and para-medical personnel.
When, for example, the pattern of prevalent diseases in a district vary widely in type and complexity, it may be impossible to treat all of them.

Some may require the intervention of highly specialized physicians and the use of sophisticated, expensive medical equipment.

Patients should then be transferred from the first referral level hospital to a tertiary level one in the region or province.
A hospital at first referral level should, however, be able to serve 85 - 95% of the medical needs in the district.

For practical reasons the services provided been divided into, 1) Essential Clinical Services, 2) Essential Clinical Support Services, 3) Essential Non-Clinical Support Services, and 4) Administrative Services.

The extent to which the last two groups of services can be provided is flexible, depending on local financial, social and cultural circumstances.
3.2 Delineations The functional programme for the departments in the hospital, with a total capacity of approximately 100 beds, describes the different entities and services.

Besides its significance with regard to facility planning, it represents a basis for the organizational philosophy of the hospital as well as for the operational procedures.
It distinguishes the following headings: Description/Activities per room Equipment per room Renewable/Consumables per department Capacity of the department Location of the department The departments dealing with administration, logistics and ancillary services are not fully elaborated on in the Planning Guide.
UNICEF 26 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Medical devices and renewable resources are planned on the basis of the functional programme, incorporating a level of sophistication, which allows the first referral level hospital to fulfil its role as care provider.

For practical reasons, the functional programme is divided into rooms with activities.
These activities are then translated into devices and renewable resources that are required, on a room-by-room basis.
UNICEF 27 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3 Room-by-room description and planning for a typical first referral level hospital 3.3.1 Essential Clinical Services 3.3.1.1 Medical Ward, 30 beds 3.3.1.2 Surgical Ward, 30 beds 3.3.1.3 Paediatric Ward, 15 beds 3.3.1.4 Maternity Ward, 25 beds 3.3.1.5 Delivery Suite, 2 rooms 3.3.1.6 Surgical Suite, 2 theatres 3.3.1.7 Accident and Emergency 3.3.1.8 General Outpatient Department UNICEF Essential Services FRL/F.D/Section 2 28 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.1 Medical Ward, 30 beds Description/Activities: There are no radical significant differences between the requirements of medical and surgical wards and only minor differences between those of the other specialties.
The unit is designed to meet the medical and nursing needs of the patients admitted.

Patients are admitted to the ward via emergency, outpatient or doctor referral, walking, by wheel chair or patient trolley.

The main characteristic of the ward in comparison to the departments of a hospital is that it provides the range of facilities necessary to meet basic human needs but in a controlled way.
It provides shelter, maintained temperature, ventilation, cleanliness, noise control, privacy and, as far as possible, general comfort.

It also provides services such as a supply of food, linen and other items, and the removal of waste products and used materials of all kinds.
The medical ward includes 30 beds within the following structure: Toilet 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 Clean Linen Room 05 Single Bed Room 06 07 Single Bed Room 08 09 Store, equipment, inpatient 18 Kitchen 19 Bathroom 20 Soiled Utility 21 Cleaner’s room.
Toilet 6-Bed Bay 6-Bed Bay 6-Bed Bay 6-Bed Bay Toilet (20) 2-Bed Room 2-Bed Room Treatment/Dressing/Injection UNICEF 29 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Staff Toilet Activities: Separate to patient ablution facilities, the inclusion of space for staff lockers would be practical.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 02.

Clean Utility Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C The clean utility/preparation room is used for storing all supplies, both clean and sterile, and for preparing and storing dressing trolleys used in the wards.

The room should be near the nurse station and with restricted access for patients or unauthorised individuals.
A medical ward has a large store of medicines that should be locked if unattended.

Secure storage is necessary for drugs, including controlled drugs, medicines, lotions and a small working stock of clean and sterile supplies.

Space is needed to assemble and prepare equipment for clinical procedures and to park the medicine trolley.

Medicine control and schedule medicine control (drug book maintenance, etc.).

A clinical wash-hand basin is required IV fluid preparation.

Injection preparation.


Trolley for vital-sign monitoring e.g.

temperature control, blood pressure measurement.

Refrigerated medication control.

Important fridge temperature control.

No food to be stored in this fridge.

Sphygmomanometer, thermometers etc.

that are not available at the bedside are to be stored and utilized from this area.

Please note that some of the above-mentioned activities could also be allocated to the treatment and dressing room if space is available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Work table, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 005 Cabinet, medicine, single door, with dangerous drug compartment, 0.60 m Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 2 1 E 03.

Nurse Station Activities: Base where the focus of communication is directed regarding patients, relatives and clinical support staff.
The nurse station is located centrally, to maximise patient care.

Theoretically, progressive nursing care requires that patients be positioned in the wards according to their level of dependence and nursing needs, the highly dependent patients being closest to the staff base.

Allocated strategically to assist incoming doctors with ward rounds.

Bulk of administrative Activities: are located here, e.g.

for patient needs as well as staff administration.


UNICEF 30 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Important that the emergency trolley (crash cart) is situated in close proximity to the nurse station and is plugged in to electrical power for the defibrillator and monitor at all times.

This trolley must be checked and sealed, and rechecked if the seal is broken.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Trolley, patient records 003 Trolley, medicine distribution, polymer, multi-drawer system 004 S0005021 Cabinet, ., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 008 Cart, crash, with defibrillator, with oxygen, adult 009 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 010 S0683300 Sphygmomanometer, aneroid 011 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 012 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass (*) 013 Viewer, double field, x-ray film 04.
Clean Linen Room Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 C E E Sufficient linen allocation for use on the ward allocated in this room (medical ward, incontinent patients, majority old patients, etc.).

Linen allocation, bed sheets, mackintosh, draw sheets, pillow cases and bed spread - in this document the linen is located in the laundry linen store.

Minimum and maximum levels of linen allocation for the optimal functioning of the unit.

Must be kept locked.


Trolley to be used for bed linen changes during patient hygiene and pressure area care.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 S0005021 Cabinet, double door, 1.00 m 05.

Single Bed Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 Single bed rooms are allocated for critically ill, ill patients or high risk patients e.g.

infectious, or those with immune deficiencies.

The hospital should allocate a single bed room for high dependency cases.
Here the activities should be delivered by senior staff with experience in ICU.

An emergency call system for professional medical assistance should be in place and staff trained to utilize the system, according to policy and procedures.

Resuscitation equipment must be close by.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction e.g.


elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.
UNICEF 31 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E M 1 M 1 (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal 010 Monitor, patient, portable, 3-channel 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 06.
Toilet Activities: It is advantageous to have a toilet located next to the single-bed room.

Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as a separate ablution block for male and female patients with bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 07.
Single Bed Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Single bed rooms are allocated for critically ill, ill patients or high risk patients e.g.

infectious, and or those with immune deficiencies.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E M 1 M 1 (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal 1 1 1 1 1 1 UNICEF 32 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 08.
Toilet Activities: It is advantageous to have a toilet located next to the single-bed room.

Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as a separate ablution block for male and female patients with bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 09.

6-Bed Bay Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Basic nursing care rendered.
Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

The unit should be flexible in order to address the treatment needs of infectious cases, so that isolation requirements could be adhered to if necessary.
These units accommodate male and female patients and appropriate ablution facilities are a necessity.

Patients leaving wards after treatment for certain chronic illnesses, e.g.

diabetes, asthma, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis need continued care.

Hospital staff must refer them to primary care facilities and cooperate with other health workers in providing appropriate long-term surveillance.
Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, Item description wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection Q C M E 6 C M E 6 6 M M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 10.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

The unit should be flexible in order to address the treatment needs of infectious cases, so that isolation requirements could be adhered to if necessary.
UNICEF 33 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources These units accommodates male and female patients and appropriate ablution facilities are a necessity.

Patients leaving wards after treatment for certain chronic illnesses, e.g.

diabetes, asthma, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis need continued care.
Hospital staff must refer them to primary care facilities and cooperate with other health workers in providing appropriate long-term surveillance.
Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount Item description (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection Q C M E 6 C M E 6 6 M M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 11.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

The unit should be flexible in order to address the treatment needs of infectious cases, so that isolation requirements could be adhered to if necessary.
These units accommodates male and female patients and appropriate ablution facilities are a necessity.

Patients leaving wards after treatment for certain chronic illnesses, e.g.

diabetes, asthma, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis need continued care.

Hospital staff must refer them to primary care facilities and cooperate with other health workers in providing appropriate long-term surveillance.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, Q C M E 6 C M E M 6 gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet 6 M connection type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 UNICEF 34 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 12.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

The unit should be flexible in order to address the treatment needs of infectious cases, so that isolation requirements could be adhered to if necessary.
These units accommodate male and female patients and appropriate ablution facilities are a necessity.

Patients leaving wards after treatment for certain chronic illnesses, e.g.

diabetes, asthma, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis need continued care.

Hospital staff must refer them to primary care facilities and cooperate with other health workers in providing appropriate long-term surveillance.
Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, Item description wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal Q C M E 6 C M E 6 6 M M 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 13.
Toilet Activities: It is advantageous to have a toilet located next to the 6 bed bay.

Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as a separate ablution block for male and female patients with bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 14.

2- Bed Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Two bed rooms are allocated for ill patients or high risk patients e.g.
infectious patients.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.
UNICEF 35 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, Item description wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal Q C M E 2 C M E 2 2 M M 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 15.
2- Bed Room Activities: Two bed rooms are allocated for ill patients or high risk patients e.g.

infectious patients.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowler’s position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interactions e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.
Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount Item description (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection Q C M E 2 C M E 2 2 M M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 16.
Treatment/Dressing/Injection Activities: Based on the policy and procedures of hospital utilisation, e.g.

for dressings and other sterile procedures.

According to procedure and policies, sterile sets must be ordered from CSSD and returned to CSSD after utilization.

Some policies might require the setting up of trolleys and then procedures are performed at the bedside.

This is a clean area and dusting is of vital importance.
Injection preparation as well as intra-venous setting can be done here if the clean utility is not located behind the nurse station.

Medical procedures, such as vena section etc.

can be undertaken here.
UNICEF 36 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Refrigerator, under counter model, 110 l 005 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 009 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 010 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 011 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) E Q C M E 1 1 C 2 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 17.
Store, equipment Activities: Equipment allocated under basic planning is stored in this room.

It is most important that sufficient floor space and shelving should be available.

Sufficient electrical plugs should be available to keep the electrical equipment plugged in and keep batteries charged.

Medical staff should be trained to use the equipment available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Patient transfer, roller system 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Chart holder, bed mounting 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 006 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 007 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 008 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 009 Hoist, patient 010 S0760605 Pump,suction,portable,220V,w/access 011 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 012 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 013 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) 014 Gen.surg-001 Dressing set 015 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 016 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 017 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 018 Scale, weight, adult, digital 18.
Kitchen Activities: Q C M E 1 1 40 4 3 3 1 1 1 1 10 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 E E E E The ward kitchen is equipped to cater for ward occupants and special dietary requirements are referred to the main kitchen, e.g.

a low salt diet, fat free, diabetic diet, etc.

Facilities are required for staff to prepare beverages and light snacks, especially for diabetic patients.

Washing and storing crockery and cutlery.

Storing of a limited quantity of dried foods.


Refrigerated storage of milk, etc., no medication and blood products must be in this refrigerator.

Equipment should include a stainless steel sink and drainer.

UNICEF 37 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources An electric boiler must be available to prepare beverages for patients.

Kitchen utensils for dishing up, and the utilization of a bain-marie trolley from the main kitchen to serve patients meals.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Microwave oven, medium power range (optional) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Boiler, water, 12 l 005 Cabinet, cutlery 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st Q C M E 1 E 2 C 1 1 1 1 E E 19.

Bathroom Activities: Mobile patients use this area for personal hygiene, immobile patients are cared for in bed.

The availability of a nurse call system is important.
If no nurse call is built in, a hand bell should be issued to patients; Staff should be aware of patients in the bathroom, to avoid medico/legal hazards.

Include a bath mat and bath aids, e.g.

a patient hoist.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 20.
Soiled utility Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The functions undertaken in the soiled utility room are unpleasant, so there should be sufficient extractor-fans as well as disposable gloves to perform these functions.

The room also serves as the temporary storage point and testing area for specimens for urine analysis and stool specimen preparation for example to be sent away for laboratory analysis.

Bulky items such as bedpans with their carriers are located here.
A wash basin, with trays and mouth wash cups, to assist immobile patients with personal hygiene is available here.

These activities may generate significant noise levels and care should be taken to eliminate noise.

Thus the soiled utility should be situated in an area which is preferably not too close to patient rooms, but not too distant for functionality or creating an extra burden on nursing staff.
This should be used as a temporary disposal area, if a disposal room is not allocated, and a temporary storage point for linen, and contaminated items for destruction at a later stage.

Storage area for containers e.g.

kidney dishes or bowls (nausea etc.).

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 UNICEF 38 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, -stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopedic, st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 2 1 10 5 10 5 5 21.

Cleaner’s Room Activities: The janitor/cleaners’ room is the base from which domestic services staff provide a cleaning service to the in-patient department.
There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials for emptying and filling buckets, and the routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink – which should have hot and cold water.

The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly.

Cleaners’ trolleys should be equipped with colour coded buckets for clean and dirty water.
Cleaners’ cloths should be colour coded and cleaners must adhere to the coding for infection control purposes.

These activities should adhere to hospital policies and protocols.

Mops to be stored in mop rack.

Heavy duty machines e.g.

high speed strip and buffing machines located in main housekeeping area (domestic area).

These items are available to keep costs down and can be utilized on request for heavy floor maintenance in wards.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops 004 Pail w/bail, handle, polyethylene,10 l 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.
vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 Administration Sets – 15 Drop 002 Administration Sets - 60 Drop 003 Airways – Guedel 3 004 Airways – Guedel 4 005 Airways – Guedel 5 006 Alcohol Swabs 007 Anti-Embolism Stockings 008 Applicator - Wooden (Orange Stick) 009 Aprons - Disposable 010 Aqua-packs Oxygen humidifier 011 Bag, Enterostomy, opening, disposable + Clamp 012 Bags - Refuse - All Colours and Sizes 013 Bags - Urine 016 Bandage - Crepe 015 Bandage - Suspension 014 Bandage- Conforming UNICEF 39 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 018 Bands - Patient I.D.
Pink 017 Bands - Patient I.D.

White 019 Bands - Patient I.D.
Yellow 020 Batteries - Medical & General 021 Beakers Feeding 022 Bedpan Covers 023 Bibs, Feeding - Adult 024 Biopsy Needles 025 Blood Administration Sets 027 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 028 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 029 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 030 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 032 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 031 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 026 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 033 Bottles - Suction - Glass/Plastic 034 Braun Splints (Arm) 035 Bubble tubing box 036 Burn Dressings 037 Cannula, IV short,18G,ster,disp 038 Cannula, IV short,20G,ster,disp 039 Cannula, IV short,22G,ster,disp 040 Cannula, IV short,24G,ster,disp 041 Cannula - Nasal-Oxygen 042 Caps - Mop/Bonnet Type 045 Catheter - Jacques 043 Catheter Introducer - Plastic 044 Catheter Sup-Pubic, CH 10, 1.65 cm, sterile, disp., adult 046 Central Venous Pressure Sets 047 Chest, Electrode, Monitor 048 Chest Drainage Kit 049 Cleansing Swabs – Sterile 050 Cleansing Swabs Non-Sterile 051 Cold/Hot Packs 052 Colostomy Bags 053 Combur Tests 055 Connector, Biconical Autoclavable 056 Connector, T/Y 054 Connectors - Plastic – Tapered 057 Container, Sample, sputum, plastic, non-sterile 058 Container, Sample, urine, plastic, non-sterile, 60 ml 059 Cotton Buds 060 Cotton Wool Balls - Sterile/Non-Sterile 061 Cotton Wool Rolls 062 Covers - PVC - Mattress/Bed Wedge 047 CVP – Cannulae 063 Cytological Fixative Spray 064 Dental Needles 065 Drain, Thoracic + Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 24 066 Drawsheet,plastic,90x180cm 067 Dressings – Wound UNICEF 40 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 074 Face Mask Water Repellent 075 Feeding Tubes 12 076 Feeding Tubes 14 077 Feeding Tubes 16 078 Flatus Tubes 079 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 10 080 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 12 081 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 14 082 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 16 083 Gauze Absorbent Ribbon 092 Gloves – Household Large 091 Gloves – Household Medium 087 Gloves – Surgical Size 6 088 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 089 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 ½ 090 Gloves – Surgical Size 8 086 Gloves, exam, latex, large, disp 085 Gloves, exam, latex, medium, disp 084 Gloves, exam, latex, small, disp 093 Hand wash Antiseptic Liquid (Hibiscrub) 094 Hand wash Povidone (Betadine) 095 Hot Packs 097 Incontinence Sheaths 096 Intubation stylet, adult, 15 Ch 098 Invalid Feeding Cups/Beakers 099 K.Y.
Jelly 100 Kits - Chest Drainage 101 Latex Tubing 102 Linen Savers 103 Litmus Paper - Red/Blue 104 Manometer Spinal Fluid 109 Mask – Poly Mask 105 Masks - Nebulizer/Oxygen 106 Masks – Oxygen 24 % 107 Masks – Oxygen 28 % 108 Masks – Oxygen 40 % 110 Mouthpiece - Peak Flow meter 111 Nail Brushes - Autoclavable/Disposable 112 Nasal Oxygen Cannula 114 Needle,disp,15G 115 Needle,disp,18G 116 Needle,disp,21G 117 Needle,disp,22G 118 Needle,disp,23G 119 Needle,disp,25G 113 Needles – Butterfly 23G 120 Oxygen T Pieces 121 Oxygen Tubing 122 Pads - Sanitary - Regular 123 Paper E.C.G.
124 Paraffin Gauze 125 Preformed E.T.
Tubes - Cuffed UNICEF 41 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 126 Queen Charlotte Face Masks 127 Razor Medical - Disposable - Single Edge 128 Rubber Bath Mat - Non-Slip 131 Ryles/Levin Tubes 16 (Duodenal Tubes) 129 Ryles/Levins Tubes 12 (Duodenal Tubes) 130 Ryles/Levins Tubes 14 (Duodenal Tubes) 132 Safety Pins Large 133 Safety Pins Medium 134 Sharps Containers (Safety Box/used syringes and needles) 135 Shrouds 136 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 137 Spatulas - Tongue 140 Spigots Large 139 Spigots Medium 138 Spigots Small 141 Spinal Fluid Manometer 144 Spinal Needle, disp,20G(0.9x90mm),sterile 142 Spinal Needle, disp,22G(0.7x40mm),sterile 143 Spinal Needle, disp.
22G(0.7x90mm),sterile 145 Spray Bottles - Plunger Operated 146 Sputum Mugs/Bags 147 Straws Medical Drinking 148 Surgical Spirits 152 Syringes 10 ml 150 Syringes 2 ml 153 Syringes 20 ml 151 Syringes 5 ml 155 Syringes 50 ml Conical Tip 154 Syringes 50 ml Luer Lock 149 Syringes Insulin 160 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 10 cm 159 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 5 cm 163 Tape Micropore 10 cm 161 Tape Micropore 2.5 cm 162 Tape Micropore 5 cm 158 Tape Surgical Adhesive Hypo-Allergenic 157 Tape,adhesive,Z.O,perforated,10cmx5m 156 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m 164 Thermometer,clinical,30-40C 165 Thermometer,clinical,35-42C 166 Thermometers Fridge 167 Tourniquet, latex rubber,75cm 168 Tracheotomy Tubes Size 3 169 Tracheotomy Tubes Size 4 68 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 6.5 mm, balloon 69 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7 mm, balloon 70 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7.5 mm, balloon 71 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 8 mm, balloon 72 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 8.5 mm, balloon 73 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 9 mm, balloon 170 Tube,Suction,CH10,L125cm,ster,disp 171 Tube,Suction,CH12,L125cm,ster,disp UNICEF 42 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 172 Tube,Suction,CH16,L125cm,ster,disp 173 Urine Meters (S.G.

Meter) 174 Vena- section set (Needle and container) Capacity, Medical ward: The total capacity of the medical ward is 30 beds, and an assumption of 85% occupancy will provide approximately 9,308 patient days per year.
Considering an average length of stay of 9 days per admission, this will allow for 1,034 admissions per year.

The throughput and occupancy of this department will fluctuate and be influenced by seasonal ailments, endemic illnesses and their epidemiology, e.g.

gastro-enteritis or influenza symptoms resulting in pneumonia.

A country with a population with specific medical conditions, e.g.

diabetes, heart conditions, etc.

will have higher occupancy and should manage the department accordingly.
The average length of stay on a ward can be reduced if patients are referred to a primary health care facility for follow up and management, in order to free capacity for more acute cases in hospital.

Location, Medical ward: Should be located close to the laboratory and if possible not too far from the imaging facility.

A communication and emergency call system should be in place to alert physicians and enable easy access to the ward to attend to emergency cases.
Access to the ward for medical patients, should include a lift, and/or a disabled ramp for wheelchairs and trolleys if located on a high level.

UNICEF 43 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.2 Surgical Ward, 30 beds Description/Activities: There are no significant differences between the requirements of medical and surgical wards, and only minor differences between those of the other specialized wards.
The units are designed to meet the surgical and nursing needs of the patients admitted.

Patients admitted to ward via emergency, out- patient or doctor referral, walking, by wheel chair or patient trolley.

The main characteristic of the ward in comparison to the departments of a hospital is that it provides the range of facilities necessary to meet basic human needs but in a controlled way.
It provides shelter, maintained temperature, ventilation, cleanliness, noise control, privacy and, as far as possible, general comfort.

It also provides services such as a supply of food, linen and other items, and the removal of waste products and used materials of all kinds.
The surgical ward, 30 beds, will encompass the following: 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 Clean Linen Room Single Bed Room 05 Toilet 06 Single Bed Room 07 Toilet 08 6-Bed Bay 09 6-Bed Bay 10 6-Bed Bay 11 6-Bed Bay 12 Toilet (20) 13 2-Bed Room 14 15 2-Bed Room 16 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 17 Store, equipment, inpatient 18 Kitchen 19 Bathroom 20 Soiled Utility 21 Cleaner’s room UNICEF 44 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Staff Toilet Activities: Separate to patient ablution facilities, the inclusion of space for staff lockers would be practical.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 02.
Clean Utility Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C The clean utility/preparation room is used for storing all supplies, both clean and sterile, and for preparing and storing dressing trolleys used in the wards.

The room should be near the nurse station and with restricted access for patients or unauthorised individuals.

A medical ward has a large store of medicines that should be locked if unattended.
Secure storage is necessary for drugs, including controlled drugs, medicines, lotions and a small working stock of clean and sterile supplies.

Space is needed to assemble and prepare equipment for clinical procedures and to park the medicine trolley.

Medicine control and schedule medicine control (drug book maintenance, etc.).

A clinical wash-hand basin is required IV fluid preparation.

Injection preparation.

Trolley for vital-sign monitoring, e.g.

temperature control, blood pressure measurement.


Refrigerated medication control.

Important fridge temperature control.

No food to be stored in this fridge.

Sphygmomanometer, thermometers, etc.

that is not available at the bedside are to be stored and utilized from this area.

Please note that some of the above-mentioned activities could also be allocated to the treatment and dressing room if space is available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Work table, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 005 Cabinet, medicine, single door, with dangerous drug compartment, 0.60 m Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 2 1 E 03.

Nurse Station Activities: Base where the focus of communication is directed regarding patients, relatives and clinical support staff.
Nurse station is located centrally, to maximise patient care.

Theoretically, progressive nursing care requires that patients be positioned in the wards according to their level of dependence and nursing needs, the highly dependent patients being closest to the staff base.

Allocated strategically to assist incoming doctors with ward rounds.

Bulk of administrative activities are located here, e.g.

for patient needs as well as staff administration.


UNICEF 45 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Important that the emergency trolley (crash cart) is situated in close proximity to the nurse station and is plugged in to electrical power for the defibrillator and monitor at all times.

This trolley must be checked and sealed, and rechecked if the seal is broken.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Trolley, patient records 003 Trolley, medicine distribution, polymer, multi-drawer system 004 S0005021 Cabinet, ., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 008 Cart, crash, with defibrillator, with oxygen, adult 009 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 010 S0683300 Sphygmomanometer, aneroid 011 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 012 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass (*) 013 Viewer, double field, x-ray film Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 C E E 04.
Clean Linen Room Activities: Sufficient linen allocation for use on the ward allocated in this room (medical ward, incontinent patients, majority old patients, etc.).

Linen allocation, bed sheets, mackintosh, draw sheets, pillow cases and bed spread - in this document the linen is located in the laundry linen store.

Minimum and maximum levels of linen allocation for the optimal functioning of the unit.

Must be kept locked.


Trolley to be used for bed linen changes during patient hygiene and pressure area care.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 S0005021 Cabinet, double door, 1.00 m 05.

Single Bed Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 Single bed rooms are allocated for major post surgical patients or for high risk patients.

Basic nursing care is provided.

Clinical procedures include the administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.
Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

Monkey chain utilization for positioning.

Using a bed cradle for patient comfort.
Equipment: Item description Sq Q C M E 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 1 C M E 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet M 1 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 1 M type (optional) UNICEF 46 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal 010 Monitor, patient, portable, 3-channel 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 06.
Toilet Activities: It is advantageous to have a toilet located next to the single-bed room.

Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as a separate ablution block for male and female patients with bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 07.
Single Bed Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The same activities as mentioned in the previous single bed room.

The surgical ward will accommodate orthopaedic patients who could require traction devices.

Balkan-frame and pulleys allocated in store room to be set up where necessary.

Fracture boards for patients with femur fractures available.

Connection of Thomas splint, traction cord and weight undertaken.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E 1 M M 1 (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal 1 1 1 1 1 1 UNICEF 47 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 08.
Toilet Activities: It is advantageous to have a toilet located next to the single-bed room.

Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as a separate ablution block for male and female patients with bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 09.

6-Bed Bay Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Basic nursing care and personal hygiene rendered.
Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital sign observation, wound observation (oozing from wounds), etc.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and infection containment.

Post-operative nursing: Nil by mouth, intermittent suctioning with gomco-suction, naso-gastric tube care, Foleys catheter care.

Pain management as prescribed.
Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, Item description wall mount (optional) Q C M E 6 C M E 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, 6 M gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet 6 M connection type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 10.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Privacy for patients through the use of bed screens.

Basic nursing care and personal hygiene undertaken.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital sign observation, oozing from wounds, etc.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and infection containment.


Post operative nursing: Nil by mouth, intermittent suctioning with gomco-suction, naso-gastric tube care, Foleys catheter care.

Pain management as prescribed.
UNICEF 48 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet Q C M E 6 C M E M 6 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 6 M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 11.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Basic nursing care and personal hygiene rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital sign observation, wound observation (oozing from wounds), etc.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and infection containment.


Post-operative nursing: Nil by mouth, intermittent suctioning with gomco-suction, naso-gastric tube care, Foleys catheter care.

Pain management as prescribed.
Item description Equipment: Sq Q C M E 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 6 C M E 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet M 6 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 6 M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 12.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Basic nursing care and personal hygiene rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital sign observation, wound observation (oozing from wounds), etc.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and infection containment.


Post-operative nursing: Nil by mouth, intermittent suctioning with gomco-suction, naso-gastric tube care, Foleys catheter care.

Pain management as prescribed.
UNICEF 49 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq Q C M E 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 6 C M E 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet M 6 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 6 M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 13.
Toilet Activities: Usually this facility is located in the centre of the ward as a separate ablution block for male and female patients, with bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 14.

2- Bed Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Two bed rooms are allocated for ill patients or high risk patients, e.g.

infectious patients.

Basic nursing care is rendered, e.g.


bed rest or a post operative bed bath, oral hygiene, etc.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

Vital sign monitoring 4 times hourly, or as required, e.g.

daily.

Pain management and medication administered as per hospital protocol.
Item description Equipment: Sq Q C M E 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 2 C M E 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet M 2 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 2 M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 UNICEF 50 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 15.
2- Bed Room Activities: Two-bed rooms are allocated for ill patients or high risk patients, e.g.

infectious patients.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

Routine post-operative care to be rendered, pressure area care.
Ensure patient privacy, by using screen facilities.
Item description Equipment: Q C M E Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 2 C M E 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet M 2 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 2 M type (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 16 Treatment/Dressing/Injection Activities: Based on the policy and procedures of hospital utilization e.g.
for dressings and other sterile procedures.

According to procedure and policies, sterile sets must be ordered from CSSD and returned to CSSD after utilization.

Some policies might require the setting up of trolleys and then procedures are performed at the bedside.

This is a clean area and dusting is of vital importance.

Injection preparation as well as intravenous setting can be done here if the clean utility is not located behind the nurse station.
Post operative procedures, for instance shortening drains, the renewal of dressings, the removal of sutures, etc.
Item description Equipment: Q C M E Sq 1 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 1 C 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 2 C M 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 1 004 Refrigerator, under counter model, 110 l 1 005 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gasspring, mobile, st. st. 1 007 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 1 1 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 1 009 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 1 010 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 1 011 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) E E UNICEF 51 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 17.
Store, equipment, inpatient Activities: Equipment allocated under basic planning is stored in this room.

It is most important that sufficient floor space and shelving should be available.

Sufficient electrical plugs should be available to keep the electrical equipment plugged in and keep batteries charged.

Surgical staff should be trained to use the equipment available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Patient transfer, roller system 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st.,mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Chart holder, bed mounting 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 006 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 007 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 008 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 009 Hoist, patient 010 S0760605 Pump,suction,portable,220V,w/access 011 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 012 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 013 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) 014 Gen.surg-001 Dressing set 015 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 016 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 017 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 018 Scale, weight, adult, digital 18.
Kitchen Activities: Q C M E 1 1 40 4 3 3 1 1 1 1 10 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 E E E E The ward kitchen is equipped to cater for ward occupants and special dietary requirements are referred to the main kitchen, e.g.

a low salt diet, fat free, diabetic diet, etc.

Facilities are required for staff to prepare beverages and light snacks, especially for diabetic patients.

Washing and storing crockery and cutlery.

Storing of a limited quantity of dried foods.


Refrigerated storage of milk etc., no medication and blood products must be in this refrigerator.

Equipment should include a stainless steel sink and drainer.

An electric boiler must be available to prepare beverages for patients.

Kitchen utensils for dishing up, and the utilization of a bain-marie trolley from the main kitchen to serve patients meals.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Microwave oven, medium power range (optional) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Boiler, water, 12 l 005 Cabinet, cutlery 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st Q C M E 1 E 2 C 1 1 1 1 E E UNICEF 52 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 19.
Bathroom Activities: Mobile patients use this area for personal hygiene; immobile patients are cared for in bed.

The availability of a nurse call system is important.

If no nurse call is built in, a hand bell should be issued to patients.

Staff should be aware of patients in the bathroom.

Include a bath mat and bath aids, e.g.

a patient hoist.

Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 20.
Soiled utility Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The functions undertaken in the soiled utility room are unpleasant, so there should be sufficient extractor-fans, as well as disposable gloves to perform these functions.

The room also serves as the temporary storage point and testing area for specimens for urine analysis and stool specimen preparation for example to be sent away for laboratory analysis.

Bulky items such as bedpans with their carriers are located here.
A wash basin, with trays and mouthwash, cups to assist immobile patients with personal hygiene is available here.

Sputum mugs are stored here.

These activities may generate significant noise levels and care should be taken to eliminate noise.

Thus the soiled utility should be situated in an area which is preferably not too close to patient rooms, but not too distant for functionality or creating an extra burden on nursing staff.
Disposal area, if a disposal room is not allocated, and a temporary storage point for linen, and contaminated items for destruction at a later stage.

Storage area for containers, e.g.

kidney dishes or bowls (nausea, etc.).

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st.,mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin,kidney,stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopaedic , st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 1 10 5 10 5 5 UNICEF 53 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 21.
Cleaner’s Room Activities: The janitor/cleaner’s room is the base from which domestic services staff provides a cleaning service to the inpatient department.

There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials for emptying and filling buckets, and the routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink – which should have hot and cold water.

The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly.
Cleaners’ trolleys should be equipped with colour coded buckets for clean and dirty water.

Cleaners’ cloths should be colour coded and cleaners must adhere to the coding for infection control purposes.

These activities should adhere to hospital policies and protocols.

Mops to be stored in mop rack.

Heavy duty machines e.g.

high speed strip and buffing machines located in main housekeeping area (domestic area).
These items are available to keep costs down and can be utilized on request for heavy floor maintenance in wards.

Item description Equipment: Sq 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops 004 Pail w/bail, handle, polyethylene,10 l 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.
006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m Q C M E 1 1 2 1 1 UNICEF 54 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 Airways – Guedel 3 002 Airways – Guedel 4 003 Airways – Guedel 5 004 Alcohol Swabs 005 Aprons - Disposable 006 Aqua-packs Oxygen humidifier 007 Bag, Enterostomy, opening, disposable + Clamp 008 Bags - Refuse - All Colours and Sizes 009 Bags - Urine 012 Bandage - Crepe 011 Bandage - Suspension 010 Bandage- Conforming 013 Batteries - Medical & General 014 Beakers Feeding 015 Bedpan Covers 016 Bibs, Feeding - Adult 017 Biopsy Needles 018 Blood Administration Sets 020 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 021 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 022 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 023 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 025 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 024 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 019 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 026 Bottles - Suction - Glass/Plastic 027 Braun Splints (Arm) 028 Bubble tubing box 029 Burn Dressings 034 Cannula - Nasal-Oxygen 030 Cannula, IV short,18G,ster,disp 031 Cannula, IV short,20G,ster,disp 032 Cannula, IV short,22G,ster,disp 033 Cannula, IV short,24G,ster,disp 035 Caps - Mop/Bonnet Type 038 Catheter - Jacques 036 Catheter Introducer - Plastic 037 Catheter Sup-Pubic, CH 10, 1.65 cm, sterile, disp., adult 039 Central Venous Pressure Sets 040 Chest, Electrode, Monitor 041 Chest Drainage Kit 042 Cleansing Swabs – Sterile 043 Cleansing Swabs Non-Sterile 044 Cold/Hot Packs 045 Colostomy Bags 046 Combur Tests 048 Connector, Biconical Autoclavable 049 Connector, T/Y UNICEF 55 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 047 Connectors - Plastic – Tapered 050 Container, Sample, sputum, plastic, non-sterile 051 Container, Sample, urine, plastic, non-sterile, 60 ml 052 Cotton Buds 053 Cotton Wool Balls - Sterile/Non-Sterile 054 Cotton Wool Rolls 055 Covers - PVC - Mattress/Bed Wedge 040 CVP – Cannulae 056 Cytological Fixative Spray 057 Dental Needles 058 Drain, Thoracic + Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 14 059 Drain, Thoracic +
 Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 24 060 Drawsheet,plastic,90x180cm 061 Dressings – Wound 068 Face Mask Water Repellent 069 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 10 070 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 12 071 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 14 072 Gauze Absorbent Ribbon 081 Gloves – Household Large 080 Gloves – Household Medium 076 Gloves – Surgical Size 6 077 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 078 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 ½ 079 Gloves – Surgical Size 8 075 Gloves, exam, latex, large, disp 074 Gloves, exam, latex, medium, disp 073 Gloves, exam, latex, small, disp 082 Hand wash Antiseptic Liquid (Hibiscrub) 083 Hand wash Povidone (Betadine) 084 Hot Packs 087 086 085 090 091 092 089 088 093 K.Y.
Jelly 094 Kits - Chest Drainage Latex Tubing 095 Linen Savers 096 097 Litmus Paper - Red/Blue 098 Manometer Spinal Fluid 099 Masks - Nebulizer/Oxygen 100 Masks – Oxygen 40 % 101 Nail Brushes - Autoclavable/Disposable 102 Nasal Oxygen Cannula 112 Needle, spinal disp,20G(0.9x90mm),sterile 110 Needle, spinal disp,22G(0.7x40mm),sterile 111 Needle, spinal disp.

22G(0.7x90mm),sterile I.D Bands - Patient Yellow I.D.

Bands - Patient Pink I.D.

Bands - Patient White I.V.

Administration Sets – 15 Drop I.V.


Administration Sets - 60 Drop I.V.

Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet Incontinence Sheaths Intubation stylet, adult, 15 Ch UNICEF 56 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 104 Needle,disp,15G 105 Needle,disp,18G 106 Needle,disp,21G 107 Needle,disp,22G 108 Needle,disp,23G 109 Needle,disp,25G 103 Needles – Butterfly 23G 113 Oxygen T Pieces 114 Oxygen Tubing 115 Pads - Sanitary - Regular 116 Paper E.C.G.
117 Paraffin Gauze 118 Preformed E.T.

Tubes - Cuffed 119 Queen Charlotte Face Masks 120 Razor Medical - Disposable - Single Edge 121 Rubber Bath Mat - Non-Slip 122 Ryles/Levins Tubes 12 (Duodenal Tubes) 123 Ryles/Levins Tubes 14 (Duodenal Tubes) 124 Ryles/Levins Tubes 16 (Duodenal Tubes) 127 S.G.
Meter (Urine Meters) 125 Safety Pins Large 126 Safety Pins Medium 128 Sharps Containers (Safety Box/used syringes and needles) 129 Shrouds 130 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 131 Spatulas - Tongue 134 Spigots Large 133 Spigots Medium 132 Spigots Small 135 Spinal Fluid Manometer 136 Spray Bottles - Plunger Operated 137 Sputum Mugs/Bags 138 Straws Medical Drinking 139 Surgical Spirits 143 Syringes 10 ml 141 Syringes 2 ml 144 Syringes 20 ml 142 Syringes 5 ml 146 Syringes 50 ml Conical Tip 145 Syringes 50 ml Luer Lock 140 Syringes Insulin 151 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 10 cm 150 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 5 cm 154 Tape Micropore 10 cm 152 Tape Micropore 2.5 cm 153 Tape Micropore 5 cm 149 Tape Surgical Adhesive Hypo-Allergenic 148 Tape,adhesive,Z.O,perforated,10cmx5m 147 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m 155 Thermometer,clinical,30-40C 156 Thermometer,clinical,35-42C 157 Thermometers Fridge UNICEF 57 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 158 Tourniquet, latex rubber,75cm 159 Tracheotomy Tubes Size 3 160 Tracheotomy Tubes Size 4 162 Traction (Cervical ) Cloth Head Halter 163 Traction (Pelvic Belt) (Various sizes) 164 Traction (Skin traction Kit) 161 Traction cord 162 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 6.5 mm, balloon 163 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7 mm, balloon 164 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7.5 mm, balloon 165 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 8 mm, balloon 166 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 8.5 mm, balloon 167 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 9 mm, balloon 165 Tube,Suction,CH10,L125cm,ster,disp 166 Tube,Suction,CH12,L125cm,ster,disp 167 Tube,Suction,CH16,L125cm,ster,disp Capacity, Surgical ward: The total capacity of the surgical ward is 30 beds, and an assumption of 80% occupancy will provide approximately 8,760 patient days per year.

Considering an average length of stay of 7 days per admission, this will allow for 1,251 admissions per year or 3.5 admissions per day.
Keep in mind that the surgical ward occupancy will most probably be higher during the week, because of the blocked operating theatre time schedule during the week.

Allocate time for emergencies after hours and at weekends.

Location, Surgical ward: This ward would preferable be situated close to the operating theatre and surgical ICU, if this department is included.

Access to these areas should be unrestricted and possible quickly, especially in emergency situations.
Access to and support from imaging and laboratory departments.

UNICEF 58 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.3 Paediatric Ward, 15 beds Description/Activities: The paediatric ward will house children (patients) up to the age of 12 years.

This unit will accommodate boys and girls, and operate as a multi-disciplinary unit, meaning that it will house medical and surgical care and/or patients for investigations.
In the paediatric ward, provision should be made for the primary caregiver to accompany the child, where possible.

This is particularly necessary in the case of children under the age of three or four; older children do not usually need the same degree of support.
The presence of the mother in the hospital provides an opportunity for health education: nurses can explain how to handle a sick child, how to perform simple nursing tasks, and how to prevent sickness in the family in future, particularly through proper immunization.

The paediatric ward provides the range of facilities necessary to meet basic paediatric needs, but in a controlled way.
It provides shelter, a maintained temperature, ventilation, cleanliness, noise control, privacy and, as far as possible, general comfort.

It also provides services such as a supply of food, linen and other items, and the removal of waste products and used materials of all kinds.

The main entrance to the paediatric unit should be provided with an electronic security device controlled from the nurse’s station.

If no electronic security is in place, special attention must be given to children’s security.
The paediatric ward will include the following: 01 Staff Toilet 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Clean Utility Nurse Station Clean Linen Room Single Bed Room, paediatric (0-4) Toilet Single Bed Room, paediatric (4-12) Toilet Single Bed Room, paediatric (0-4) Toilet 6-Bed Bay, Paediatric (0-4) 6-Bed Room, Paediatric (4-12) Toilet (10) Nursing Mothers Room (6) Treatment/Dressing/Injection Store, equipment, inpatient, paediatric Kitchen Bathroom Soiled Utility Cleaner’s room UNICEF 59 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Staff Toilet Activities: Separate to patient ablution facilities, the inclusion of space for staff lockers would be practical.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 02.
Clean Utility Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C The clean utility/preparation room is used for storing all supplies, both clean and sterile, and for preparing and storing dressing trolleys used in the wards.

The room should be near the nurse station and with restricted access for patients or unauthorised individuals.

A medical ward has a large store of medicines that should be locked if unattended.
Secure storage is necessary for drugs, including controlled drugs, medicines, lotions and a small working stock of clean and sterile supplies.

Space is needed to assemble and prepare equipment for clinical procedures and to park the medicine trolley.

Medicine control and schedule medicine control (drug book maintenance, etc.).

A clinical wash-hand basin is required IV fluid preparation.

Injection preparation.

Trolley for vital-sign monitoring e.g.

temperature control, blood pressure measurement.


Refrigerated medication control.

Important fridge temperature control.

No food to be stored in this fridge.

Sphygmomanometer, thermometers, etc.

that are not available at the bedside are to be stored and utilized from this area.

Please note that some of the above-mentioned activities could also be allocated to the treatment and dressing room if space is available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 005 Cabinet, medicine, single door, with dangerous drug compartment, 0.60 m Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 2 1 E 03.

Nurse Station Activities: Base where the focus of communication is directed regarding patients, relatives and clinical support staff.
Nurse station is located centrally, to maximise patient care.

Theoretically, progressive nursing care requires that patients be positioned in the wards according to their level of dependence and nursing needs, the highly dependent patients being closest to the staff base.

Allocated strategically to assist incoming doctors with ward rounds.

Bulk of administrative activities are located here, e.g.

for patient needs as well as staff administration.


UNICEF 60 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources It is advisable to have the front door entrance secured and a bell situated at the entrance to limit unauthorised access and for children’s protection.

Control of emergency trolley is of vital importance and protocol should be adhered to, e.g.
checking the trolley daily or using the protected seal concept meaning if the seal is broken it needs to be rechecked and sealed.

It is sensible to keep this trolley in the clean utility and out- of-reach of children.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Trolley, patient records 003 Trolley, medicine distribution, polymer, multi-drawer system 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 008 Cart, crash, with defibrillator, with oxygen, adult and child 009 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 010 S0683200 Sphygmomanometer,(adult),aneroid 011 Stethoscope, paediatric head (*) 012 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass (*) 013 Viewer, double field, x-ray film Q C M E E 1 C 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 C E E 04.
Clean Linen Room Activities: Sufficient linen allocation for use on the ward allocated in this room (medical ward, incontinent patients, majority old patients, etc.).

Linen allocation, bed sheets, mackintosh, draw sheets, pillow cases and bed spread - in this document the linen is located in the laundry linen store.

Minimum and maximum levels of linen allocation for the optimal functioning of the unit.

Must be kept locked.


Trolley to be used for bed linen changes during patient hygiene and pressure area care.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 Cabinet, double door, 1.00 m 05.

Single Bed Room, Paediatric (0-4) Activities: Q C M E 1 1 Single bed rooms are allocated for ill paediatric patients or high risk patients.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.
It is convenient to have a baby-change work top to assist in child care activities.

These rooms can be interchangeable with bassinettes and/or infant beds (cots).

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

It is advisable to have a viewer or observation window on the paediatric ward to assist nursing staff in managing paediatric patients.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 1 Q C M E 1 C M E M UNICEF 61 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type 1 M (optional) 004 Bed, infant, with mattress, 1.30 x 0.80 m 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 1 1 1 2 1 2 06.
Toilet: Activities: Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as an ablution block with bath, toilet and wash hand basins with toilets and urinals.

Paediatric size toilets and wash hand basins should be installed for children’s comfort.

It is important that the thermostat temperature is turned lower to prevent burns if children accidentally open taps.

Children should not utilize these facilities without being accompanied by an adult or nursing staff.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 07.

Single Bed Room, Paediatric (4-12) Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The patient age range determines the activities in this ward but should be kept in mind that it is a single bed facility and could be interchanged to accommodate any age group depending on demand.
Single bed rooms should be reserved for children with infectious diseases or sepsis but could be used for uninfected cases as well.

Cleaning and disinfection of ward post discharge of infectious patients.

Basic nursing care and vital sign monitoring with airway suctioning equipment in place for effective and efficient care.

This is a multi-disciplinary ward and patients with traction treatment can be accommodated here, as well as medical or surgical patients.
Balkan-frame and pulleys allocated in store room can be utilized here.

Fracture boards for patients with femur fractures.

Connection for Thomas splint, traction cord and weight set up here.

This is a very isolated area for children that need long term hospitalisation.

It is preferable to accommodate children amongst other children.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 1 M 1 M 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 1 1 1 1 1 UNICEF 62 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal 1 08.
Toilet Activities: Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as an ablution block with bath, toilet and wash hand basins with toilets and urinals.

Paediatric size toilets and wash hand basins should be installed for children’s comfort.

It is important that the thermostat temperature is turned lower to prevent burns if children accidentally open taps.

Children should not utilize these facilities without being accompanied by an adult or nursing staff.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 09.

Single Bed Room, Paediatric (0-4) Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Single bed rooms are allocated for ill paediatric patients or high risk patients.

Basic nursing care rendered.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

It is convenient to have a baby-change work top to assist in child-care activities.
These rooms can be interchangeable with bassinettes and/or infant beds (cots).

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

It is advisable to have a viewer or observation window on the paediatric ward to assist nursing staff in managing paediatric patients.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E 1 M 1 M (optional) 004 Bed, infant, with mattress, 1.30 x 0.80 m 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 Cabinet, bedside, with overbed table 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 009 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 1 1 1 2 1 2 10.
Toilet Activities: Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as an ablution block with bath, toilet and wash hand basins with toilets and urinals.

Paediatric size toilets and wash hand basins should be installed for children’s comfort.

It is important that the thermostat temperature is turned lower to prevent burns if children accidentally open taps.

Children should not utilize these facilities without being accompanied by an adult or nursing staff.
UNICEF 63 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 11.

6-Bed Bay, Paediatric (0-4) Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Basic nursing care rendered, including hygiene activities and feeding.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital sign observation, observe for wound oozing, etc.
Hand washing and containment of infection control.

Post operative nursing: Nil by mouth, and pain management as prescribed.

Because of the multidisciplinary approach, the proximity of infectious patients can create additional infection risks.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 6 C M E M 6 M 6 (optional) 004 Bed, infant, with mattress, 1.30 x 0.80 m 005 Bassinet, baby, with trolley, with mattress 006 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 009 Table, enamelled st. frame, padded top, baby dressing, 1.00 x 0.50 010 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 011 Basket, waste-paper, metal 6 6 6 6 1 1 3 3 12.
6-Bed Bay, Paediatric (4-12) Activities: Using curtain track is a more functional option than bed screens.

Basic nursing care rendered, hygiene activities undertaken.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital sign observation, oozing from wounds, etc.

Back rest for fowlers position and footstool for patient comfort.

Important nurse/patient interaction, e.g.

elderly and disorientated patients.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.


Post operative nursing: Nil by mouth, pain management as prescribed, medication and injection administration.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 6 C M E M 6 M 6 (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress 005 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 6 6 6 UNICEF 64 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal 1 6 6 2 13.
Toilets Activities: Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as an ablution block with bath, toilet and wash hand basins with toilets and urinals.

Paediatric size toilets and wash hand basins should be installed for children’s comfort.

It is important that the thermostat temperature is turned lower to prevent burns if children accidentally open taps.

Children should not utilize these facilities without being accompanied by an adult or nursing staff.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 14.

Nursing Mothers Room (6) Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C This facility is not always available, but is very necessary especially for children between 0 – 4 years of age.

The mothers can assist nursing staff with caring for babies.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed, domestic, with mattress 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 003 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal Q C M E 6 1 6 2 1 2 15.

Treatment/Dressing/Injection Activities: Based on the policy and procedures of hospital utilization, e.g.

for dressings and other sterile procedures.

According to procedure and policies, sterile sets must be ordered from CSSD and returned to CSSD after utilization.
Some policies might require the setting up of trolleys and then procedures are performed at the bedside.

This is a clean area and dusting is of vital importance.

Injection preparation as well as intravenous setting can be done here if the clean utility is not located behind the nurse station.

Post operative procedures for instance shortening of drains, renewal of dressings, removal of sutures etc.
Equipment: Sq Item description Q C M E UNICEF 65 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 005 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gasspring, mobile, st. st. 006 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 007 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 008 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 009 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 010 Viewer, double field, x-ray film 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C E E 16.
Store, equipment, inpatient Activities: Equipment allocated under basic planning is stored in this room.

It is most important that sufficient floor space and shelving should be available.

Sufficient electrical plugs should be available to keep the electrical equipment plugged in and keep batteries charged.

Paediatric staff should be capable of utilising equipment that is allocated to this department.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 003 Chart holder, bed mounting 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 006 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 007 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 008 Heater, radiant, newborns, mobile 009 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 010 S0760605 Pump,suction,portable,220V,w/access 011 Bedpan, child, st. st. 012 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 013 kidney dish, small, st. st. 014 S0002043 Warmer, mattress, baby, electric/SET 015 Gen.surg-001 Dressing set 016 Ventilator, intensive care, adult / child (basic) 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 018 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 019 Scale, weight, babies, digital 17.
Kitchen Activities: E Q C M E 1 1 20 2 1 4 1 2 1 1 8 5 5 2 1 1 5 1 1 M E E E E A specialized milk kitchen is required and this may be shared with a nursery.

If the unit contains less than 20 beds/cots, then infant feeds may be prepared in a special area within the ward kitchen.

A double basin wash-up facility and wash hand basin must be supplied.

The ward kitchen must be equipped to cater for the ward occupants and ordering special diets should be made from main kitchen, e.g.
soft diets, sloppy diets, etc.

Facilities are required for staff to prepare beverages and light snacks especially for diabetic patients.

Washing and storing crockery and cutlery.

UNICEF 66 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Refrigerated storage of milk, etc.

No medication and blood products should be kept in this refrigerator.

Equipment should include a stainless steel sink and drainer.
An electric boiler should be available to prepare hot beverages for patients.

Kitchen utensils must be supplied for dishing up and using the bain-marie trolley from the main kitchen to serve patients’ meals.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Microwave oven, medium power range (optional) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Boiler, water, 12 l 005 Cabinet, cutlery 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st Q C M E 1 E 2 C 1 1 1 1 E E 18.
Bathroom Activities: Mobile patients use this area for personal hygiene, immobile patients are cared for in bed.

Availability of a nurse call system is important.

If no nurse call system is supplied, a hand bell should be offered to patients.

Staff should accompany paediatric patients to the bathroom to prevent medico/legal hazards.

It is important to control the water temperature to reduce medico/legal risks of burns.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 19.

Soiled utility Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The functions undertaken in the soiled utility room are unpleasant, so there should be sufficient extractor-fans as well as disposable gloves to perform these functions.
The room also serves as the temporary storage point and testing area for specimens for urine analysis and stool specimen preparation for example to be sent away for laboratory analysis.

Bulky items such as bedpans with their carriers are located here.

A wash basin, with trays and mouthwash cups, to assist immobile patients with personal hygiene is available here.

Sputum mugs stored here.

These activities may generate significant noise levels and care should be taken to eliminate noise.
Thus the soiled utility should be situated in an area which is preferably not too close to patient rooms, but not to distant for functionality or creating an extra burden on nursing staff.

Disposal area, if a disposal room is not allocated, and a temporary storage point for linen, and contaminated items for destruction at a later stage.

Storage area for containers e.g.

kidney dishes or bowls (nausea etc.).

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M UNICEF 67 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopaedic, st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 1 10 5 10 5 5 20.

Cleaner’s Room Activities: The janitor/cleaner’s room is the base from which domestic services staff provide a cleaning service to the inpatient department.
There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials for emptying and filling buckets, and the routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink – which should have hot and cold water.

The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly.

Cleaners trolleys should be equipped with colour coded buckets for clean and dirty water.

Cleaners cloths should be colour coded and cleaners must adhere to the coding for infection control purposes.
These activities should adhere to hospital policies and protocols.

Mops to be stored in mop rack.

Heavy duty machines e.g.

high speed strip and buffing machines located in main housekeeping area (domestic area).

These items are available to keep costs down and can be utilized on request for heavy floor maintenance in wards.

It is important to disinfect after an infectious patient is discharged.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops 004 Pail w/bail, handle, polyethylene,10 l 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.
vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 Airways – Guedel 0 (Paediatric) 002 Airways – Guedel 1 (Child) 003 Alcohol Swabs 004 Aprons - Disposable 005 Aqua-packs Oxygen humidifier 006 Bag, Enterostomy, opening, disposable + Clamp 007 Bags - Refuse - All Colours and Sizes 008 Bags - Urine 009 Bandage- Conforming 010 Bandage - Suspension UNICEF 68 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 011 Bandage - Crepe 012 Batteries - Medical & General 013 Beakers Feeding 014 Bedpan Covers 015 Bibs, Feeding - Children 016 Blood Administration Sets 017 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 018 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 019 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 020 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 021 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 022 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 023 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 024 Bottles - Suction - Glass/Plastic 025 Braun Splints (Arm) 026 Bubble tubing box 027 Burn Dressings 028 Cannula, IV short,18G,ster,disp 029 Cannula, IV short,20G,ster,disp 030 Cannula, IV short,22G,ster,disp 031 Cannula, IV short,24G,ster,disp 032 Cannula - Nasal-Oxygen 033 Caps - Mop/Bonnet Type 034 Catheter Introducer - Plastic 035 Catheter Sup-Pubic, CH 10, 1.65 cm, sterile, disp., child 036 Catheter - Jacques 037 Chest, Electrode, Monitor 038 Cleansing Swabs – Sterile 039 Cleansing Swabs Non-Sterile 040 Cold/Hot Packs 041 Colostomy Bags 042 Combur Tests 043 Connectors - Plastic – Tapered 044 Connector, Biconical Autoclavable 045 Connector, T/Y 046 Container, Sample, sputum, plastic, non-sterile 047 Container, Sample, urine, plastic, non-sterile, 60 ml 048 Cotton Buds 049 Cotton Wool Balls - Sterile/Non-Sterile 050 Cotton Wool Rolls 051 Covers - PVC - Mattress/Bed Wedge 052 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 3 mm, w/o balloon 053 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 3.5 mm, w/o balloon 054 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 4 mm, w/o balloon 055 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 4.5 mm, w/o balloon 056 Face Mask Water Repellent 057 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 6 058 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 8 059 Gauze Absorbent Ribbon 060 Gloves, exam, latex, small, disp 061 Gloves, exam, latex, medium, disp 062 Gloves, exam, latex, large, disp UNICEF 69 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 063 Gloves – Surgical Size 6 064 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 065 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 ½ 066 Gloves – Surgical Size 8 067 Gloves – Household Medium 068 Gloves – Household Large 069 I.D.
Bands - Patient White 070 Hand wash Antiseptic Liquid (Hibiscrub) 071 Hand wash Povidone (Betadine) I.D.

Bands - Patient Pink 072 I.D Bands - Patient Yellow 073 Intubation stylet, paediatric, 10 Ch 074 Incontinence Sheaths 075 I.V.

Administration Sets – 15 Drop 076 I.V.

Administration Sets - 60 Drop 077 I.V.

Set Buretrol (paediatric volume control) 078 079 I.V.

Set, Infusion, paediatric, precision 080 K.Y.


Jelly 081 Latex Tubing 082 Linen Savers 083 Litmus Paper - Red/Blue 084 Manometer Spinal Fluid 085 Masks - Nebulizer/Oxygen Paediatric 086 Masks – Oxygen Paediatric 087 Nail Brushes - Autoclavable/Disposable 088 Nasal Oxygen Cannula paediatric 089 Needles – Butterfly 23G 090 Needle,disp,18G 091 Needle,disp,21G 092 Needle,disp,22G 093 Needle,disp,23G 094 Needle,disp,25G 095 Needle, spinal disp,22G(0.7x40mm),sterile 096 Needle, spinal disp.
22G(0.7x90mm),sterile 097 Needle, spinal disp,20G(0.9x90mm),sterile 098 Oxygen Tubing 099 Paraffin Gauze 100 Queen Charlotte Face Masks 101 Razor Medical - Disposable - Single Edge 102 Rubber Bath Mat - Non-Slip 103 Ryles/Levins Tubes 6 (Duodenal Tubes) 104 Ryles/Levins Tubes 8 (Duodenal Tubes) 105 Ryles/Levins Tubes 10 (Duodenal Tubes) 106 Safety Pins Large 107 Safety Pins Medium 108 S.G.

Meter (Urine Meters) 109 Sharps Containers (Safety Box/used syringes and needles) 110 Shroud Kit.
(Child) 111 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 112 Spatulas - Tongue 113 Spigots Small 114 Spigots Medium UNICEF 70 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 115 Spigots Large 116 Spinal Fluid Manometer 117 Spray Bottles - Plunger Operated 118 Straws Medical Drinking 119 Surgical Spirits 120 Syringes Insulin 121 Syringes 2 ml 122 Syringes 5 ml 123 Syringes 10 ml 124 Syringes 20 ml 125 Syringes 50 ml Conical Tip 126 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m 127 Tape,adhesive,Z.O,perforated,10cmx5m 128 Tape Surgical Adhesive Hypo-Allergenic 129 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 5 cm 130 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 10 cm 131 Tape Micropore 2.5 cm 132 Tape Micropore 5 cm 133 Tape Micropore 10 cm 134 Thermometer,clinical,30-40C 135 Thermometer,clinical,35-42C 136 Thermometers Fridge 137 Tourniquet, latex rubber,75cm 138 Tracheotomy Tubes Sizes Paediatric 139 Traction cord 140 Traction (Skin traction Kit) for paediatrics 141 Tube,Suction,CH6 142 Tube,Suction,CH8 143 Tube,Suction,CH10 Capacity, paediatric ward: If it is assumed that the ward has a total bed capacity of 14 beds, an average occupancy of 90% and an average stay of 12 days, the paediatric unit is able to support 4,560 patient days and 383 admissions per year.
Location, paediatric ward: This is preferably on the ground floor, if there is more than one level to the building.

If children are accommodated on higher level wards, security for windows etc.

need to be in place.

Easy access to the support services within the hospital complex.
UNICEF 71 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.4 Maternity Ward, 25 beds Description/Activities: A maternity unit is an area where babies are delivered and post natal care is given to both mother and baby.

Strict access control for visitors and unauthorised people, with a security system at the entrance door or as per hospital protocol is required.
This maternity ward will be considered as a rooming facility and limited nursery bassinettes are allocated.

The delivery room is allocated in the maternity ward for practical reasons and to allow cost savings on staffing, enabling the maternity ward staff to cover the delivery rooms as well.
Maternity ward capacity accommodates 25 peri-natal beds and the room plan is as follows: 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 Isolation Room, baby 05 Milk Formula 06 Clean Linen Room 07 Single Bed Room 08 2-Bed Room 09 2-Bed Room 10 6-Bed Bay 11 6-Bed Bay 12 Toilet (10) 13 Nursery (8) 14 Store, equipment, inpatient 15 Kitchen 16 Bathroom 17 Soiled Utility 18 Cleaners room 19 Store, equipment, delivery 20 6-Bed Bay Labour 21 Toilet 22 Delivery Room 23 Toilet 24 Shower 25 Delivery Room 26 Soiled Utility UNICEF 72 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Staff Toilet Activities: Separate to patient ablution facilities, the inclusion of space for staff lockers would be practical.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 02.

Clean Utility Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C A clean utility/preparation room is required for the storage of all supplies.
It should be clean and sterile, necessary for the care and treatment of female patients.

It provides space for the preparation and assembly of items of equipment for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

The clean utility is situated either at the back of the nurse station or as close to the nurse station as possible.

The clean utility/preparation room is used for storing all supplies, both clean and sterile, and for preparing and storing dressing trolleys used in the wards.
The room should be near the nurse station with restricted access for patients and unauthorised individuals.

Secure storage is necessary for drugs, including controlled drugs, medicines, lotions and a small working stock of clean and sterile supplies.

Space is needed to assemble and prepare equipment for clinical procedures and to park the medicine trolley.

Medicine control and schedule medicine control (drug book maintenance, etc.).

A clinical wash-hand basin is required.

IV fluid preparation.


Injection preparation.

Trolley for vital-sign monitoring, e.g.

temperature control, blood pressure measurement.

A refrigerator for medication with a temperature control is required.

No food should be stored in this fridge.

Sphygmomanometer, thermometers etc.

that are not available at the bedside are to be stored and utilized from this area.

Please note that some of the above-mentioned activities could also be allocated to the treatment and dressing room if space is available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 007 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C M 1 6 1 1 E UNICEF 73 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 03.
Nurse Station Activities: The nurse station serves as a reception desk.

Should be strategically situated to enable nursing staff to monitor all visitors entering or leaving the unit.

It is the focus of communication between patients, relatives and clinical support staff.

The nurse station is located centrally, to maximise patient care.
Theoretically, progressive nursing care requires that patients be positioned in the wards according to their level of dependence and nursing needs, the highly dependent patients being closest to the staff base.

It is allocated strategically to assist incoming doctors with ward rounds.

The bulk of administrative activities are located here e.g.

for patient needs as well as staff administration.


Important that the emergency trolley (crash cart) is situated in close proximity to the nurse station and is plugged in to electrical power for the defibrillator and monitor at all times.

This trolley must be checked and sealed and rechecked if the seal is broken.

Please note that this emergency trolley should be equipped with sufficient equipment and emergency drugs for the resuscitation of mother and baby.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Trolley, medicine distribution, polymer, multi-drawer system 003 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 006 Cart, crash, with defibrillator, with oxygen, adult and child 007 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 008 S0683200 Sphygmomanometer,(adult),aneroid 009 S0683300 Sphygmomanometer,(child),aneroid 010 S0686500 Stethoscope, foetal, plastic or aluminium (*) 011 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 012 Stethoscope, paediatric head (*) 013 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass (*) 04.
Isolation Room, baby Activities: Q C M E E 1 C 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 E The isolation room for the new born baby should always be staffed adequately.

At the very least it must be visible from the nursing station.

This area could also be utilized to stabilise babies and to prepare them for transfer to a higher level of care if advanced neonatal care is needed.

Babies with high risk symptoms and infectious conditions that need isolation should be admitted to this area.

A clinical basin must be provided.


A separate bathing facility should also be available.

Staff should be skilled and knowledgeable in management of equipment allocated to this area, no untrained staff should care for these babies.

A work surface where basic hygiene can be performed and nappy changing undertaken should be available.
Oxygen administration and suctioning techniques to be performed here for sick babies, and nursing babies with O2 Hoods, and monitoring the O2 % concentration with an O2 analyser.

An extraction ventilation system with air conditioning control to maintain and regulate room temperature is advantageous, or the room should be designed to avoid air - borne cross infections.
UNICEF 74 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet Q C M E 1 C M E M 1 (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 1 M type (optional) 004 Container, trash, mobile, bin with lid 005 Bassinet, baby, with trolley, with mattress 006 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 007 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, enamelled st. frame, padded top, baby dressing, 1.00 x 0.50 009 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st 010 Heater, radiant, newborns, mobile 011 Hood, oxygen, child 012 Monitor, patient, portable, 3-channel 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 M E E 05.
Milk Formula Activities: A dedicated milk kitchen which may be shared with a paediatric unit for formula preparation.

A room or cupboard for the storage of commercially pre-packed baby foods, preparation of special formula baby feeds and the storage of baby bottles, teats, equipment and disposable items should be provided.

It is important to manage the milk kitchen flow from dirty to clean i.e.
receiving dirty bottles, thorough the wash area and stored in the dirty area, and preparation and clean bottles kept in the clean area.

Sterilise in a microwave or with Milton sterilising fluid depending on the hospital policy for the clean area.

Refrigeration facilities are required for special baby formula feeds and mothers’ milk feeds.

Prepare formula every 24 hours and do not use out-dated formula for babies.

For convenience there is a electrical mixer, but a hand mixer can also be utilized.
Please note that many of the items of equipment are optional.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Microwave oven, medium power range (optional) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 005 Scale, kitchen type, 2000 g, <> 20 g 006 Washer, baby bottles (optional) 007 Mixer, infant formula 008 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gasspring, mobile, st. st. 009 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 010 Warmer, baby bottle, electrical 011 Brush, baby bottle E Q C M E E 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 M E E E UNICEF 75 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 06.
Clean Linen Room Activities: Sufficient linen allocation for use on the ward located in this room (surgical ward incontinent sheets for oozing).

Linen allocation, bed sheets, mackintosh, draw sheets, pillow cases and bed spreads - in this document the linen is located in the laundry linen store.

Minimum and maximum levels of linen provided for optimal functioning of the unit.

Must be kept locked.


Trolley to be used for bed linen changes during patient hygiene and vaginal swabbing rounds, according to protocol.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 Cabinet, double door, 1.00 m 07.

Single Bed Room Q C M E 1 1 Activities: Can be utilized for private-paying patients.

For high risk patients, ante and post natal cases as well as for premature labour.
High dependency care of women with haemorrhaging, severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia and who risk developing major complications affecting fluid and electrolyte balance.

A versatile structure means that beds could be used for ante as well as post natal patients.

Peri-natal care.

Clinical procedures administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

A post natal ward with rooming facilities, for mothers to stay longer than a few hours.
The floor space must be big enough to accommodate two mothers and two bassinettes, to adhere to room policy.

Curtain track or bed screens for patient privacy.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E 1 M M (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 UNICEF 76 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 08.
2-Bed Room Activities: Can be utilized for private-paying patients.

For high risk patients, ante and post natal cases as well as for premature labour.

High dependency care of women with haemorrhaging, severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia and who risk developing major complications affecting fluid and electrolyte balance.

A versatile structure means that beds could be used for ante as well as post natal patients.

Clinical procedures administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.
Hand washing and containment of infection control.

A post natal ward with rooming facilities, for mothers to stay longer than a few hours.

The floor space must be big enough to accommodate two mothers and two bassinettes, to adhere to room policy.

Curtain track or bed screens for patient privacy.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 2 C M E 2 M 2 M (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 Cabinet, bedside, with overbed table 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 09.
2-Bed Room 2 2 2 4 1 2 1 Activities: Can be utilized for private-paying patients.

For high risk patients, ante and post natal cases as well as for premature labour.

High dependency care of women with haemorrhaging, severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia and who risk developing major complications affecting fluid and electrolyte balance.

A versatile structure means that beds could be used for ante as well as post natal patients.

Clinical procedures administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.
Hand washing and containment of infection control.

A post natal ward with rooming facilities, for mothers to stay longer than a few hours.

The floor space must be big enough to accommodate two mothers and two bassinettes, to adhere to room policy.

Curtain track or bed screens for patient privacy.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 2 C M E 2 M 2 M (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 Cabinet, bedside, with overbed table 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 2 2 2 4 1 2 1 UNICEF 77 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 10.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Peri-natal care, although this area could be allocated for post-natal patients.

Rooming in.

Breast feeding assistance.

Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Vital-sign monitoring.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.

Patient privacy through use of bed screens.

Swabbing of patients, perinea observation, etc.

Vital sign observation.

Post operative caesarean section: Nil by mouth, Foleys catheter care.

Pain management, as prescribed.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 6 C M E 6 M 6 M (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 11.
6-Bed Bay Activities: Privacy of patients through use of bed screens.

Although this 6 bed bay could be utilized for peri-natal care, it can also be allocated for anti-natal patients if the other 6 bed bay is allocated for post natal patients.

Basic ant-natal care rendered, hygiene and progress of patient in labour.

Management of early premature labour, maintenance of IV fluids, Tendellenburg bed position and hourly observations performed or as per maternity ward policy.
Clinical procedures: administration of oxygen, airway suctioning.

Hand washing and containment of infection control.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 6 C M E 6 M 6 M (optional) 004 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 009 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 010 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 6 6 6 1 6 6 2 UNICEF 78 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 12.
Toilet Activities: Usually this facility is allocated in the centre of the ward as an ablution block with male and female facilities separate, including bath, toilet and wash hand basins.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 13.

Nursery (8 cots) Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Multi and single-cot nurseries might be required.
To assist the containment of airborne infection and environmental conditions in nursery, adequate provision of engineering services is essential e.g.

temperature control.

There should be a single entrance in order to control access.

At least one baby bath and mobile bassinets provide bathing facilities, in which case a tap for filling the bassinets, and a low basin for draining the bassinets should be provided.

A work surface for washing, drying and changing babies.

Apparatus for weighing of babies.


Piped or mobile suction and oxygen.

An emergency call system should be installed.

A viewing panel for the showing of babies.

Sufficient space to accommodate the equipment.

Only trained staff to work in this area.

Post caesarean babies to be nursed in incubator and skilled staff should be on hand to manage these babies.

Breast feeding to be done here and staff to support mothers with breast feeding and using the breast pump.
A bed screen should be available for privacy, if the mother requires it.

Staff should have the knowledge to manage babies with raised billirubin and perform photo therapy treatment.

Capillary blood taking.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen w humidifier, wall outlet connection type (opt) 004 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
005 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gasspring, mobile, st. st. 008 Table, enamelled st. frame, padded top, baby dressing, 1.00 x 0.50 009 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 010 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 011 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 012 Pump, infusion, drop controlled (Optional) 013 Heater, radiant, newborns, mobile 014 S0002064 Incubator, automatic 015 S0345100 Pump, breast, manual, w/accessories (*) 016 S0002048 Resuscitation, baby, Ambu(DIN UNICEF 79 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 017 S0145520 Scale, infant, clinic, metric, 16 kg x 10g (*) 1 14.
Store, equipment, inpatient Activities: Equipment allocated under basic planning is stored in this room.

It is most important that sufficient floor space and shelving should be available.

Sufficient electrical plugs should be available to keep the electrical equipment plugged in and keep batteries charged.

Medical staff should be trained to use the equipment available.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Patient transfer, roller system 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Chart holder, bed mounting 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 006 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 007 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 008 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 009 Hoist, patient 010 S0760605 Pump,suction,portable,220V,w/access 011 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 012 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 013 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) 014 Gen.surg-001 Dressing set 015 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 016 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 017 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 018 Scale, weight, adult, digital Q C M E 1 1 40 4 3 3 1 1 1 1 10 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 E E E E 15.
Kitchen Activities: The ward kitchen is equipped to cater for ward occupants and special diets are ordered from the main kitchen.

Facilities are required for staff to prepare beverages and light snacks, especially for diabetic patients.

Washing and storing crockery and cutlery.

Refrigerated storage of milk, etc., no medication and blood products must be in this refrigerator.

Equipment should include a stainless steel sink and drainer.
An electric boiler to prepare beverages for patients should be available.

Kitchen utensils should be stored for dishing up and using the bain-marie trolley from the main kitchen to serve patients meals.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Microwave oven, medium power range (optional) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l 004 Boiler, water, 12 l 005 Cabinet, cutlery 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st Q C M E 1 E 2 C 1 1 1 1 E E UNICEF 80 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 16.
Bathroom Activities: Mobile patients use this area for personal hygiene; immobile patients are cared for in bed.

The availability of a nurse call system is important.

If no nurse call is built in, a hand bell should be issued to patients.

Staff should be aware of patients in the bathroom, to avoid medico/legal hazards.

Include a bath mat and bath aids, e.g.

a patient hoist.
a patient hoist.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 17.

Soiled utility Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The functions undertaken in the soiled utility room are unpleasant, so there should be sufficient extractor-fans as well as disposable gloves to perform these functions.
The room also serves as the temporary storage point and testing area for specimens for urine analysis and stool specimen preparation for example to be sent away for laboratory analysis.

Bulky items such as bedpans with their carriers are located here.

A wash basin, with trays and mouth wash cups, to assist immobile patients with personal hygiene is available here.

These activities may generate significant noise levels and care should be taken to eliminate noise.
Thus the soiled utility should be situated in an area which is preferably not too close to patient rooms, but not too distant for functionality or creating an extra burden on nursing staff.

Disposal area, if a disposal room is not allocated, and a temporary storage point for linen, and contaminated items for destruction at a later stage.

Storage area for containers, e.g.

kidney dishes or bowls (nausea, etc.).


Safety boxes with used syringes and needles that need to be incinerated are also stored here and then managed according to policy.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopaedic, st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 1 10 5 10 5 5 UNICEF 81 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources UNICEF 82 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 18.
Cleaner’s Room Activities: The janitor/cleaner’s room is the base from which domestic services staff provide a cleaning service to the inpatient department.

There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials for emptying and filling buckets, and the routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink – which should have hot and cold water.

The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly.
Cleaners’ trolleys should be equipped with colour coded buckets for clean and dirty water.

Cleaners’ cloths should be colour coded and cleaners must adhere to the coding for infection control purposes.

These activities should adhere to hospital policies and protocols.

Mops to be stored in mop rack.

Heavy duty machines e.g.

high speed strip and buffing machines located in main housekeeping area (domestic area).
These items are available to keep costs down and can be utilized on request for heavy floor maintenance in wards.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail, handle, polyethylene,10 l 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 19.
Store, equipment, delivery Activities: Store area located close to the delivery and labour area for optimal efficiency.

Vacuum extractor easily accessible when needed in delivery room.

Patient trolley stored here.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Patient transfer, roller system 002 Stretcher patient, epoxy coated, with fixed patient support (*) 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 005 S0760605 Pump,suction,portable,220V,w/access 006 S0791500 Extractor, vacuum, Bird, manual, complete, set (*) 007 Gen.surg-028 Circumcision set, newborns 008 Gyn/Obs-002 Delivery set 009 Gyn/Obs-007 Obstetric forceps Q C M E 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 E 20.
6-Bed Bay Labour Activities: Ante-natal progress: maternity cases are admitted here.

CTG monitoring and skilled staff required to utilize the equipment and interpret readings.

Management of IV therapy and in some cases assisting patients on induction for labour.

PV and PR (per vagina or per rectum) examinations.

Management of foetal Doppler during stages of labour.

Utilization of watch, to time contractions and document labour progress.

Bed screens for privacy.


Oxygen management if mother and baby require it.
UNICEF 83 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 6 M 6 M 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 6 C M E (optional) 004 Wall clock (*) 005 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 006 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 007 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 008 Cabinet, bedside, with over bed table 009 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 010 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 011 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 012 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 013 Monitor, CTG, on trolley 014 S0002061 Doppler, foetal (*) 015 Stethoscope, dual head (*) E 1 C 1 C 1 C M 6 6 6 6 6 2 2 1 2 E 21.
Toilet Activities: This toilet is allocated for labour ward patients.

It should be situated close to the labour ward.

Bowel cleaning (prepped) enema pre-delivery requires short distance to toilet facilities.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 22.

Delivery Room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Birthing rooms will be used for all stages of labour including recovery following birth.
Transfer to obstetric theatre should be easy.

Rooms should be suitable for routine resuscitation procedures.

The ergonomic layout of delivery rooms should be suitable for the following: A delivery bed with the infant cot and resuscitation equipment nearby.

Adequate space and furniture for the mother’s partner is required.

Three staff may be present in this area.


An operative vaginal delivery with the mother in the lithotomy position under local or epidural anaesthesia with obstetric, anaesthetic and paediatric medical and midwifery staff in attendance (according to protocol and staff availability per country).

There should be adequate space for any procedures necessary for resuscitation and/or the maintenance of a clear airway.

The insertion and maintenance of epidural anaesthesia during labour.
Space for maternal and foetal monitoring equipment, intravenous therapy, etc.

should be made.

Sink with two lever-action taps is required.

Oxygen, suction for both mother and baby and infant warming must be provided in each delivery room.

Utilization of CTG machine and foetal Doppler.

Sufficient renewable/consumables should be allocated to the delivery rooms for the easy management of labour.
UNICEF 84 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 1 M 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E 1 M (optional) 004 Wall clock (*) 005 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 006 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
007 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 008 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 009 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 010 S0101000 Bed, delivery, standard, with mattress (*) 011 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 012 Bucket, kick, st. st., mobile 013 S0151001 Stand, single bowl, wheel, w/o bowl (*) 014 S0186502 Table, instr, Mayo type, st.st.
mobile (*) 015 Pump, infusion, volumetric 016 Table, general care, newborns (*) 017 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 018 Light, operating, 1 small copula, ceiling mount 019 S0002048 Resuscitation, baby, Ambu (DIN) 020 Monitor, CTG, on trolley 021 S0002061 Doppler, foetal (*) 23.

Toilet Activities: This toilet is allocated for labour ward patients.

It should be situated close to the labour ward.


Bowel cleaning (prepped) enema pre-delivery requires short distance to toilet facilities.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C 24.

Shower Activities: This is a necessary facility in the labour ward, and should be easily accessible from the labour as well as delivery rooms.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C UNICEF 85 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 25.

Delivery Room Activities: Birthing rooms will be used for all stages of labour including recovery following birth.

Transfer to obstetric theatre should be easy.

Rooms should be suitable for routine resuscitation procedures.
The ergonomic layout of delivery rooms should be suitable for the following: A delivery bed with the infant cot and resuscitation equipment nearby.

Adequate space and furniture for the mother’s partner is required.

Three staff may be present in this area.

An operative vaginal delivery with the mother in the lithotomy position under local or epidural anaesthesia with obstetric, anaesthetic and paediatric medical and midwifery staff in attendance (according to protocol and staff availability per country).
There should be adequate space for any procedures necessary for resuscitation and/or the maintenance of a clear airway.

The insertion and maintenance of epidural anaesthesia during labour.

Space for maternal and foetal monitoring equipment, intravenous therapy, etc.

should be made.

Sink with two lever-action taps is required.

Oxygen, suction for both mother and baby and infant warming must be provided in each delivery room.

Utilization of CTG machine and foetal Doppler.


Sufficient renewable/consumables should be allocated to the delivery rooms for the easy management of labour.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 1 1 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E M M (optional) 004 Wall clock (*) 005 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 006 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
007 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 008 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 009 S0100804 Cot, baby, hospital type, wheel trolley (*) 010 S0101000 Bed, delivery, standard, with mattress (*) 011 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 012 Bucket, kick, st. st., mobile 013 S0151001 Stand, single bowl, wheel, w/o bowl (*) 014 S0186502 Table, instr, Mayo type, st.st.
mobile (*) 015 Pump, infusion, volumetric 016 Table, general care, newborns (*) 017 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 018 Light, operating, 1 small copula, ceiling mount 019 S0002048 Resuscitation, baby, Ambu(DIN) 020 Monitor, CTG, on trolley 021 S0002061 Doppler, foetal (*) 26.
Soiled Utility Activities The functions undertaken in the soiled utility room are unpleasant, so there should be sufficient extractor-fans as well as disposable gloves to perform these functions.
UNICEF 86 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources The room also serves as the temporary storage point and testing area for specimens for urine analysis and stool specimen preparation for example to be sent away for laboratory analysis.

Bulky items such as bedpans with their carriers are located here.

A wash basin, with trays and mouth wash cups, to assist immobile patients with personal hygiene is available here.
These activities may generate significant noise levels and care should be taken to eliminate noise.

Thus the soiled utility should be situated in an area which is preferably not too close to patient rooms, but not to distant for functionality or creating an extra burden on nursing staff.

Disposal area, if a disposal room is not allocated, and a temporary storage point for linen, and contaminated items for destruction at a later stage.
Inspection of placenta for completeness and documentation of findings on patient record.

Preparation for incineration and following protocol regarding waste management of human tissue.

Safety boxes with used syringes and needles that need to be incinerated are also stored here and managed according to policy.

Storage area for containers, e.g.

kidney dishes or bowls (nausea, etc.).

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopaedic, st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 1 10 5 10 5 5 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
001 Airways – Guedel 0 002 Airways – Guedel 00 003 Airways – Guedel 3 004 Airways – Guedel 4 005 Airways – Guedel 5 006 Alcohol Swabs 007 Aprons - Disposable 008 Aqua-packs Oxygen humidifier 009 Bag urine baby 010 Bags - Refuse - All Colours and Sizes 011 Bags – Urine 012 Bandage - Crepe 013 Batteries - Medical & General 014 Bedpan Covers UNICEF 87 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 015 Blood Administration Sets 016 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 017 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 018 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 019 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 020 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 021 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 022 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 023 Bottles - Suction - Glass/Plastic 024 Braun Splints (Arm) 025 Bubble tubing box 026 Cannula - Nasal-Oxygen 027 Cannula, IV short,18G,ster,disp 028 Cannula, IV short,20G,ster,disp 029 Cannula, IV short,22G,ster,disp 030 Cannula, IV short,24G,ster,disp 031 Caps - Mop/Bonnet Type 032 Catheter - Jacques 033 Central Venous Pressure Sets 034 Chest, Electrode, Monitor 035 Cleansing Swabs – Sterile 036 Cleansing Swabs Non-Sterile 037 Cold/Hot Packs 038 Combur Tests 039 Connector, Biconical Autoclavable 040 Connector, T/Y 041 Connectors - Plastic – Tapered 042 Container, Sample, urine, plastic, non-sterile, 60 ml 043 Cotton Buds 044 Cotton Wool Balls - Sterile/Non-Sterile 045 Cotton Wool Rolls 046 Covers - PVC - Mattress/Bed Wedge 047 CVP – Cannulae 048 Cytological Fixative Spray 049 Drawsheet,plastic,90x180cm 050 Face Mask Water Repellent 051 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 10 052 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 12 053 Foley Catheters – Latex/Silicone Size 14 054 Gauze Absorbent Ribbon 055 Gloves – Household Large 056 Gloves – Household Medium 057 Gloves – Surgical Size 6 058 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 059 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 ½ 060 Gloves – Surgical Size 8 061 Gloves, exam, latex, large, disp 062 Gloves, exam, latex, medium, disp 063 Gloves, exam, latex, small, disp 064 Hand wash Antiseptic Liquid (Hibiscrub) 065 Hand wash Povidone (Betadine) 066 Hot Packs UNICEF 88 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Latex Tubing Linen Savers I.D Band Baby I.D Bands - Patient Yellow I.D.
Bands - Patient Pink I.D.

Bands - Patient White I.V.

Administration Sets – 15 Drop I.V.

Administration Sets - 60 Drop I.V.

Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet Incontinence Sheets Intubation stylet, adult, 15 Ch IV Infusion set Buretrol 067 068 069 070 071 072 073 074 075 076 077 K.Y.

Jelly 078 079 080 Masks - Nebulizer/Oxygen 081 Masks – Oxygen 40 % 082 N.G Tubes 12 083 N.G Tubes 14 084 N.G.
Tubes 16 085 Nail Brushes - Autoclavable/Disposable 086 Needle, spinal disp,20G(0.9x90mm),sterile 087 Needle, spinal disp,22G(0.7x40mm),sterile 088 Needle, spinal disp.
22G(0.7x90mm),sterile 089 Needle,disp,15G 090 Needle,disp,18G 091 Needle,disp,21G 092 Needle,disp,22G 093 Needle,disp,23G 094 Needle,disp,25G 095 Needles – Butterfly 23G 096 Oxygen T Pieces 097 Oxygen Tubing 098 Pads - Sanitary - Maternity 099 Paper CTG 100 Queen Charlotte Face Masks 101 Razor Medical - Disposable - Single Edge 102 Rubber Bath Mat - Non-Slip 103 S.G.
Meter (Urine Meters) 104 Safety Pins Large 105 Safety Pins Medium 106 Sharps Containers (Safety Box/used syringes and needles) 107 Shrouds 108 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 109 Spatulas - Tongue 110 Spigots Large 111 Spigots Medium 112 Spigots Small 113 Spray Bottles - Plunger Operated 114 Surgical Spirits 115 Suture absorbable (Chromic) for episiotomy and perinea tears 116 Syringes 10 ml 117 Syringes 2 ml 118 Syringes 20 ml UNICEF 89 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 119 Syringes 5 ml 120 Syringes 50 ml Conical Tip 121 Syringes 50 ml Luer Lock 122 Syringes Insulin 123 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 10 cm 124 Tape - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - White 5 cm 125 Tape Micropore 10 cm 126 Tape Micropore 2.5 cm 127 Tape Micropore 5 cm 128 Tape Surgical Adhesive Hypo-Allergenic 129 Tape,adhesive,Z.O,perforated,10cmx5m 130 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m 131 Thermometer,clinical,30-40C 132 Thermometer,clinical,35-42C 133 Thermometers Fridge 134 Tourniquet, latex rubber,75cm 135 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, neonate mm, w.o balloon 136 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 6.5 mm, balloon 137 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7 mm, balloon 138 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7.5 mm, balloon 139 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 8 mm, balloon 140 Tube,Suction,CH10,L125cm,ster,disp 141 Tube,Suction,CH12,L125cm,ster,disp 142 Tube,Suction,CH16,L125cm,ster,disp 143 Umbilical clamp (optional) 144 Umbilical cord tape Capacity, Maternity ward: With 25 beds, and based on the assumption of 70% occupancy, this will provide for approximately 6,843 patient days per year.

Considering an average length of stay of 4 days per admission, this will allow 1,711 admissions per year or ± 4.6 admissions per day.
Capacity, Delivery: This area will be able to accommodate four first stage patients and two deliveries simultaneously.

In case of 100% occupancy of the delivery rooms, the labour bays should be equipped in such a way that patients can be accommodated there to deliver.

Location, Maternity ward: The maternity ward should contain the delivery rooms or be close to the delivery rooms for optimal functionality.
If caesarean section OT is not within the maternity section, the maternity ward should be easily accessible to the main OT.

Location, Delivery: This department should be located close to the maternity ward, to make the transfer of obstetric cases to and from the delivery room as uncomplicated as possible.
UNICEF 90 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.5 Surgical Suite, 2 theatres Description/Activities: An operating theatre is a restricted access environment where surgical and invasive interventions are performed.

It must be organized and equipped so that control can be exercised over all persons and materials who enter and exit this area.
The surgery that will be described here is purely curative in nature and excludes all forms of specialty surgery such as vascular, cardiac and renal interventions.

Surgical instrument sets included in the generic specification list cover the surgical procedures that will be done in this level facility and accommodation has been made for more advanced procedure instruments which are included in the document as optional.
The operating theatres deal with scheduled block bookings as well as emergency procedures.
The surgical suite consists of two operating rooms associated with the following supporting facilities as detailed in the succeeding sections: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Reception / Nurse Entrance/patient transfer Staff Change, male Toilet Shower Staff Change, female Toilet Shower Head Nurse Doctors Office Theatre Scrub (2) Set-up area Theatre Store, equipment, surgical suite Store, sterile supplies Clean utility, surgical suite 3-Bed Recovery Staff Lounge Soiled Utility Cleaners room UNICEF 91 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Reception/Nurse Activities: A duty room or duty station within the restricted access areas which is so situated, constructed and equipped that it is possible for the nursing staff to observe patients directly, and where necessary render assistance.

This area need not be a room, but may form an integral part of the main patient corridor, recovery area or bed-receiving area.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 1 2 1 02.

Entrance/Patient transfer Activities: This area should be large enough to allow for the transfer of patients from a bed to a trolley.
A line should be clearly marked in red on the floor, beyond which no person from outside the operating department should be permitted to set foot without obtaining authority and putting on protective clothing.

Holding bay: space should be located to allow for the supervision of patients waiting to go into theatre.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Patient transfer, roller system 002 Stretcher patient, epoxy coated, with fixed patient support Q C M E 1 2 03.
Staff Change, male Activities: Suitable separate changing room facilities must be provided for male and female staff.

The changing room must have one door that opens into the restricted access area, and must have a separate entrance from outside the restricted access area.

An operating theatre changing room should have a floor area that can accommodate many individuals at peak times, e.g.

when staff come on duty and when theatre list starts and many staff are present at the same time.
Storage facilities for the personnel’s personal clothing and effects.

Storage of clean theatre attire and inside shoes and OT gum boots.

Provision must also be made for soiled theatre apparel.

Wash hand basins, a ratio of at least 1 to 8 people.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 Basket, waste-paper, metal Q C M E 1 1 10 1 UNICEF 92 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 04.

Toilet Activities: Partitioned-off toilets at a ratio of 1 toilet:12 persons.

Located within the staff changing facility.


Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C 05.

Shower Activities: A shower facility is a necessity, to be utilized if necessary after attending to certain high risk cases.

Equipment: Sq 001 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Item description Q C M E 1 C 06.
Staff Change, female Activities: Suitable separate changing room facilities must be provided for male and female staff.

The changing room must have one door that opens into the restricted access area, and must have a separate entrance from outside the restricted access area.

An operating theatre changing room should have a floor area that can accommodate many individuals at peak times, e.g.

when staff come on duty and when theatre list starts and many staff are present at the same time.
Storage facilities for the personnel’s personal clothing and effects.

Storage of clean theatre attire and inside shoes and OT gum boots.

Provision must also be made for soiled theatre apparel.

Wash hand basins, a ratio of at least 1 to 8 people.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.

002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 Basket, waste-paper, metal 07.
Toilet Activities: Partitioned-off toilets at a ratio of 1 toilet:12 persons.

Located within the staff changing facility.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Q C M E 1 1 10 1 Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C UNICEF 93 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 08.
Shower Activities: A shower facility is a necessity, to be utilized if necessary after attending to certain high risk cases.

Equipment: Sq 001 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Item description 09.

Head Nurse Office Q C M E 1 C Activities: This room is useful, but not essential.

The operating room manager/head nurse uses the office to deal with nursing staff and surgeon interaction.

This room should be situated at the entrance of the operating theatre for easy access by staff and surgeons.
Windows that allow a view over the reception and recovery area to facilitate the head nurse with her functions are a plus.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 003 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 2 1 1 10.
Doctor’s Office Activities: This room is useful, but not essential.

This room should be situated preferably at the entrance to the operating theatre.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 003 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 007 Viewer, double field, x-ray film Q C M E 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 C E UNICEF 94 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 11.
Theatre (1) Activities: Patient entrance into theatre and exit out of theatre should be through double self-closing doors situated in the centre of the operating room entrance.

The patient is brought into the OT on a surgery patient trolley and transferred to an operating table using a patient roller.

The patient, scrub team and anaesthetist occupy a central area, together with the equipment being used for the operative procedure.
The remaining space is used for circulation, to minimise movement within the operating room.

Only essential equipment is to be placed in OT and access equipment stored in store rooms and utilized in theatre when required.

As a fixed wall pendant for anaesthesia gasses is optional, there should be oxygen stand alone cylinders or gas points from the wall and central oxygen bank, depending on the facilities available in the hospital.
If set-up rooms are too small or not available, trolleys can be prepared in the operating room.

General anaesthesia administration could take place in an anaesthetic room and patient then transferred to the operating room.

Alternatively, the patient can be induced and anaesthesia will be maintained in the operating room.

Safety box utilization policy to be adhered to.

This box requires checking regularly as it could be a source of infection if not utilized according to instructions.
Swab and instrument count to be done according to policies and procedure.

Use of swab rack, swab count-board and a kick about for used swabs (with lid) should be placed into a bag for incineration.

The operating room is used as a multi-disciplinary operating room and equipment should be brought from the store room and instruments taken from the sterile store area for use in the operating room.
A work trolley is required for nurses to do administration work and the anaesthetist to do the intra-operative and doctors to complete the OT form post operatively before the patient is discharged to recovery.

Electrical equipment is checked before each list for functionality e.g.

coagulation, patient’s earth plate, cable and connection to coagulation equipment.

The anaesthetist and anaesthetic nurse are responsible for anaesthetic equipment and patients under anaesthetic.
The scrub nurse is responsible for the instruments, sutures, swabs, etc.

counts, and infection control.

The doctor is in overall charge of the case and communication, as well as post-operative administration and management.

If X-ray facility is utilized, use lead aprons from the store area.

It is advisable to have a floor nurse to do all the running for the scrub nurse or in some instances the anaesthetic nurse can also perform the functions of the floor nurse.
This depends on the hospital policy and protocol.

Additional facilities, a ceiling mounted light, X-ray viewing screens, a clock with sweep second hand and a swab count record board, are usually arranged on a theatre control panel where they may be easily viewed by staff.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Pendant, anaesthesia, fixed position (optional) 002 Elapsed time clock 003 Trolley, anaesthesia, polymer, with drawers 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 006 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 007 Bucket, kick, st. st., mobile 008 Rack , swab, st. st., with drip tray 009 Stand, double bowl, single, wheel, w/o bowl 010 S0151001 Stand, single bowl, wheel, w/o bowl (*) 011 S0186502 Table, instr, Mayo type, st.st.
mobile (*) Q C M E 1 C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 UNICEF 95 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources E E E E 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 2 2 1 E 1 C M E 012 Board, white, framed, 1.20 x 0.70 m, with pencil tray 013 Pump, infusion, drop controlled (Optional) 014 Pump, infusion, volumetric 015 Pump, suction, electric, surgical, 2 x 3 l 016 Blanket, warming, children 017 Blanket, warming, adults 018 Bowl, st. st., diam 10 cm 019 S0385000 Tourniquet, latex rubber, 75cm (*) 020 Bowl, st. st., diam.
30 cm 021 depressor, tongue, st. st., child 022 depressor, tongue, st. st., adult 023 Bowl, st. st., diam 20 cm 024 Coagulation unit, electro, mobile, 200 W 025 Light, operating, 1 large copula, ceiling mounted 026 Table, operating, mob., general, 3 sect., mechanical, stand.

access.
access.

1 1 027 Bag, pressure IV fluids 1 028 Anaesthesia machine, ventilator, 2 vaporizers, basic (incl cylinders) 1 029 S0746705 Laryngoscope, set (Mackintosh) 1 030 forceps, Magill, adult 1 031 forceps, Magill, child 1 032 set, laryngeal mask (4 pcs) 1 033 Holder, masks 1 034 Gauge, mouth, set 1 035 Laryngoscope, paediatric, set 1 036 Monitor, patient, operating theatre, adult/child 1 037 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 1 C 038 Viewer, double field, x-ray film M E E E 12.
Scrub area (2) Activities: A scrubbing-up area outside but adjacent to the operating room should be provided.

This area should have direct access to the operating room A scrubbing-up area or room should be less than 2 meters wide and should be equipped to allow simultaneous scrubbing-up by at least two persons under hot and cold running water from elbow-operating taps or alternative method, over splash-limiting basins or a drainage.
Medical staff can gown in the scrubbing room prior to entering the operating room or in the operating room.

Note that if the scrub up area is for more than one operating room, there should be additional scrub basins for at least four persons to scrub up together.

This area should be equipped with soap, sterile scrub-up brushes and towelling facilities.

There should be an automatic door closing system.


Sterile gowns and gloves should be available on a trolley in the scrub area or at the entrance of the operating room.

In the case of a minor theatre, provision need only be made for scrubbing-up for two people, and the scrub-up area may be within the operating theatre.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Surgical scrub unit, 2 sections 002 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) Q C M E 1 C M 1 C UNICEF 96 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 13.

Set-up area Activities: Store area for suture material that could be stored on a trolley that could be wheeled into theatre.

Shelves for the days sets and pack to be stored during theatre list.
Mayo table, dressing trolley, and runners to set up for the next case are kept in this area.

Doors into the operating room should be big enough to wheel through the set trolleys from the set up room into the operating room without contact with doors or non sterile surfaces.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0186502 Table, instr, Mayo type, st.st.

mobile (*) 005 Warmer, blood 006 Warmer, fluids Q C M E 1 1 C 2 2 1 1 E E 14.

Theatre (2) Activities: Patient entrance into theatre and exit out of theatre should be through double self closing doors situated in the centre of the operating room entrance.
The patient is brought into the OT on a surgery patient trolley and transferred to an operating table using a patient roller and or transfer trolley.

The patient, scrub team and anaesthetist occupy a central area, together with the equipment being used for the operative procedure.

The remaining space is used for circulation, to minimise movement within the operating room.

Only essential equipment is to be placed in the OT and access equipment stored in store rooms and utilized in theatre when required.
As a fixed wall pendant for anaesthesia gasses is optional, there should be oxygen stand alone cylinders or gas points from the wall and central oxygen bank, depending on the facilities available in the hospital.

If set-up rooms are too small or not available, trolleys can be prepared in the operating room.
General anaesthesia administration could take place in an anaesthetic room and patient then transferred to the operating room, or alternatively the patient can be induced and anaesthesia will be maintained in the operating room.

Swab and instrument count to be done according to policies and procedure.

Use of swab rack, swab count-board and a kick about for used swabs (with lid) should be placed into a bag for incineration.
The operating room is used as a multi-disciplinary operating room and equipment should be brought from the store room and instruments taken from the sterile store area for use in the operating room.

A work trolley is required for nurses to do administration work and the anaesthetist to do the intra-operative and doctors to complete the OT form post operatively before the patient is discharged to recovery.

Very important: Electrical equipment is checked before each procedure.
The anaesthetist and anaesthetic nurse are responsible for anaesthetic equipment and patients under anaesthetic.

Safety box utilization policy to be adhered to.

This box requires checking regularly as it could be a source of infection if not utilized according to instructions.

The scrub nurse is responsible for the instruments, sutures, swabs, etc.

counts and infection control.

The doctor is in overall charge of the case and communication, as well as post-operative administration and management.
If X-ray facility is utilized, use lead aprons from the store area.

UNICEF 97 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources It is advisable to have a floor nurse to do all the running for the scrub nurse.

In some instances, the anaesthetic nurse can also perform the functions of the floor nurse.

This depends on the hospital policy and protocol.


Additional facilities, such as a ceiling mounted light, X-ray viewing screens, a clock with sweep second hand and a swab count record board, are usually arranged on a theatre control panel where they may be easily viewed by staff.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Pendant, anaesthesia, fixed position (optional) 002 Elapsed time clock 003 Trolley, anaesthesia, polymer, with drawers 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 006 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 007 Bucket, kick, st. st., mobile 008 Rack , swab, st. st., with drip tray 009 Stand, double bowl, single, wheel, w/o bowl 010 S0151001 Stand, single bowl, wheel, w/o bowl (*) 011 S0186502 Table, instr, Mayo type, st.st.
mobile (*) 012 Board, white, framed, 1.20 x 0.70 m, with pencil tray 013 Pump, infusion, drop controlled (Optional) 014 Pump, infusion, volumetric 015 Pump, suction, electric, surgical, 2 x 3 l 016 Blanket, warming, children 017 Blanket, warming, adults 018 Bowl, st. st., diam 10 cm 019 S0385000 Tourniquet, latex rubber, 75cm (*) 020 Bowl, st. st., diam.
30 cm 021 depressor, tongue, st. st., child 022 depressor, tongue, st. st., adult 023 Bowl, st. st., diam 20 cm 024 Coagulation unit, electro, mobile, 200 W 025 Light, operating, 1 large copula, ceiling mounted 026 Table, operating, mob., general, 3 sect., mechanical, stand.

access.
027 Bag, pressure IV fluids 028 Anaesthesia machine, ventilator, 2 vaporizers, basic (incl cylinders) 029 S0746705 Laryngoscope, set (Mackintosh) 030 forceps, Magill, adult 031 forceps, Magill, child 032 set, laryngeal mask (4 pcs) 033 Holder, masks 034 Gauge, mouth, set 035 Laryngoscope, paediatric, set 036 Monitor, patient, operating theatre, adult/child 037 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 038 Viewer, double field, x-ray film UNICEF 98 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 15.
Store, Equipment, Surgical Suite Activities: The equipment store area in the operating room should be supplied with a sufficient number of electrical plugs to keep the electrical equipment plugged in, and in case of power failure to work on back up electrical supply / or emergency electrical supply.

The logic behind the equipment store is that only essential equipment for a specific operation should be in operating rooms when the operation is conducted.
Once the operation is completed, the specific equipment should be cleaned, disinfected and stored in the equipment room.

A dental cart should only be wheeled in and checked for each dental operation, and then cleaned and stored away for the next dental procedure.

A headlight is only used for specific procedures and is then stored away.

Equipment is always stored at the same space/location so that if needed in an emergency all staff know where the equipment is kept.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Patient transfer, roller system 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose,st.st.,mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 005 Hygrometer, humidity and temperature 006 Incubator, transport, basic 007 Table, general care, newborns (*) 008 Treatment unit, dental, complete, mobile, for operating theatre 009 Dental instrument cabinet, mobile 010 Pillow, abduction 011 Vitrectomy, combined with an aspiration/irrigation unit 012 Microscope, operating, basic, on mobile stand 013 Support, head, operating table 014 Positioner, bag, patient, small 015 Positioner, bag, patient, medium 016 Positioner, bag, patient, large 017 Treatment unit, ENT, complete, mobile, for operating theatre 018 Headlight, fiberoptic (optional) 019 nerve stimulator 020 Apron, protective, small 021 Apron, protective, medium 022 Apron, protective, large 16.
Store, Sterile Supply Activities: The transporting system provided for the sterilised items must be designed to preserve pack integrity and product sterility.

Sterile instrument sets from CSSD are stored in this area.

All sterile swabs and sterile renewable/consumables for OT are kept in this area.

Note that this is the store area for all the surgical disciplines.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose,st.st.,mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 Gen.surg-002 Suture set 004 Gen.surg-003 Abdominal set Q C M E 1 3 1 1 UNICEF 99 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 005 Gen.surg-004 Vascular clamp set 006 Gen.surg-005 Basic surgery set 007 Gen.surg-006 Abscess/suture set 008 Gen.surg-007 Tracheotomy set 009 Gen.surg-008 Laparotomy set 010 Gen.surg-009 Small dissection set 011 Gen.surg-010 Cut down set, adult/paediatric 012 Gen.surg-011 Intestinal set 013 Gen.surg-012 Minor paediatric set 014 Gen.surg-013 Major paediatric set, extras 015 Gen.surg-014 Minor surgical set 016 Gen.surg-015 Suprapubic puncture set 017 Gen.surg-016 Chest drainage set, underwater-seal 018 Gen.surg-017 Cholecystectomy set, extras 019 Gen.surg-018 Proctoscope set 020 Gen.surg-019 Sigmoidoscope set 021 Gen.surg-020 Laparotomy set, infants 022 Gen.surg-021 Abdominoperineal resection set 023 Gen.surg-022 Pancreatectomy & splenectomy set 024 Gen.surg-023 Blood exchange set 025 Gen.surg-024 Simple mastectomy set 026 Gen.surg-025 Radical mastectomy set 027 Gen.surg-027 Circumcision set, adults 028 Gen.surg-028 Circumcision set, newborns 029 Gen.surg-029 Vasectomy set 030 Gen.surg-030 Rectal and haemorrhoidal set 031 Gen.surg-031 Thyroidectomy set 032 Gen.surg-032 Diaphragmatic hernia repair set 033 Gen.surg-033 Thoracotomy set (optional) 034 Gen.surg-034 Cardiac arrest set (optional) 035 Gen.surg-035 Shunt set, arterio-venous (optional) 036 Plastic.surg-001 Dermatome set 037 Plastic.surg-002 Skin grafting set 038 Plastic.surg-003 Plastic repair set 039 Plastic.surg-004 Plastic suture set, delicate 040 Plastic.surg-005 Plastic reconstruction set 041 Gyn/Obs-004 Craniopclasy/craniotomy set 042 Gyn/Obs-005 Dilation & curettage (D&C) set 043 Gyn/Obs-007 Obstetric forceps 044 Gyn/Obs-008 Caesarean section set 045 Gyn/Obs-009 Abdominal hysterectomy set 046 Gyn/Obs-010 Vaginal hysterectomy
 set, extras 047 Gyn/Obs-011 Gynaecology examination set (EUA) 048 Gyn/Obs-012 Cervical biopsy set 049 Gyn/Obs-013 Tubaplasty set, micro (optional) 050 Uro-001 Urethral dilatation set 051 Uro-002 Nephrectomy set 052 Uro-003 Prostatectomy supplementary set 053 Orth-001 Amputation set 054 Orth-002 Bone set I, large bones 055 Orth-003 Bone set II, small bones 056 Orth-004 External fixator set, complete, adult UNICEF 100 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 057 Orth-005 External fixator set, complete, pediatric 058 Orth-006 External fixator set, complementary 059 Orth-007 Pin fixation set 060 Orth-008 Plaster removal set 061 Orth-009 Skull traction set 062 Orth-010 Meniscotomy set 063 Orth-011 Arthroscopy set (optional) 064 Orth-012 Video set for arthroscopy (optional) 065 Orth-013 Bone set for hand surgery 066 Orth-014 Tendon supplementary set 067 Orth-015 Laminectomy set 068 Orth-016 Osteosynthese basic instrument set (optional) 069 Orth-017 Osteosynthese screw set (optional) 070 Orth-018 Osteosynthese plate set (optional) 071 Orth-019 Osteosynthese set for small fragments, Instruments, screws and plates (optional) Orth-020 Osteosythese set for DHS/DCS, instruments and screws (optional) 072 073 Orth-021 Osteosynthese implant set for DHS/DCS (optional) 074 Neuro-001 Trepanation set 075 Neuro-002 Craniotomy set, basic neuro surgical (optional) 076 Neuro-003 Sympathectomy set (optional) 077 Dental-001 Dental syringe set (*) 078 Dental-002 Dental set 079 ENT-001 Myringotomy set 080 ENT-002 Ear-foreign body removal set 081 ENT-003 Nose-foreign body removal set 082 ENT-004 Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy set 083 ENT-005 Headlight set 084 ENT-006 Rhinoplasty set (optional) 085 ENT-007 Submucous resection of nasal septum set 086 ENT-008 Mastoidectomy set (optional) 087 ENT-009 Palatoplasty set (cleft Palate) 088
 Ophthalm-001 Enucleation set 089 Ophthalm-002 Cataract set 090 Ophthalm-003 Pterygion set 091 Ophthalm-004 Chalazion set 092 Ophthalm-005 Tarsorrhaphy set 093 Ophthalm-006 Entropion (trichiasis) set 094 Ophthalm-007 Eye-foreign body removal set 095 Opthalm-009 Set, surgical instruments for lachrymal ducts intubation Opthalm-008 Set, surgical instruments for micro-surgery and vitrectomy Opthalm-010 Set, surgical instruments for micro-surgery and strabismus 096 097 UNICEF 101 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 17.
Clean Utility, Surgical Suite Activities: These are mechanically ventilated separate store rooms, or storage cupboards for the storage of IV Fluid, clean linen, medicines, equipment and necessary sundry items.

Storage space/room must be provided for sterile packs.

No wood or porous shelving may be used in this area.

All operating room medication that needs to be stored at a temperature of 4 º C should be stored in the refrigerator.
This room should be so situated that operating room staff have easy access to the clean utility store where drugs and medication are stored.

This area can also be utilized for flash autoclaving of equipment in case of emergencies.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 007 Cabinet, st., double door, with drug compartment, 1.00 m 008 Sterilizer, steam, bench top, 0.20 x 0.20 x 0.45 m, w generator (*) 18.

3-Bed Recovery Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C M 1 4 1 1 1 E M E E The recovery area should be within the restricted area.

A recovery area should have room for two beds (one per operating room) and one over-flow bed space to accommodate patients from the two operating rooms.
Adequate staffing should be available to recover the patients and should be able to use the emergency equipment (e.g.

adult and paediatric resuscitators) and to maintain a patient’s airway.

A clinical basin should be provided.

One oxygen and one suction for each bed is to be available.

Electrical switch socket outlets for every recovery bed or trolley must be available.

Facilities for screening off to ensure patient privacy: bed screens or curtain track with curtain between the bays.
An emergency call system should be installed and adherence to policy and protocol regarding emergency management followed.

Sufficient lighting to enable adequate observation should be installed.

A work surface to do administrative tasks during recovery of patients, and shelving to store necessary equipment are required.

It is important that patients who need extended care or high dependency care post-surgery should be kept in the recovery room until they are stable.
This area should be used to stabilise the patient post-surgery, and to prepare for transfer if transfer is needed.
Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount Item description Q C M E 3 C M E (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet 3 M (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection 3 M type (optional) 004 Patient transfer, roller system 005 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 1 1 UNICEF 102 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 006 Bed, standard, 2 sections, with mattress (*) 007 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 008 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 009 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 010 Trolley, oxygen, complete (*) 011 Ventilator, intensive care, adult / child (basic) 012 S0845001 Resuscitator, hand-oper., adult, set (*) 013 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 014 Monitor, patient, portable, 3-channel 015 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 016 Stethoscope, paediatric head (*) 3 1 2 1 1 1 M E 1 1 1 1 1 E E 19.
Staff lounge Activities: Rest rooms or rooms for operating theatre staff must be within the operating theatre, within the restricted area.

If light refreshments are to be served, facilities for storing, preparing and serving such refreshments should be provided.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 003 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 004 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 005 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C 1 8 2 2 E 20.

Soiled Utility Activities: This area should be as close as possible to the back or non-sterile exit.
The flow of the operating rooms should run from clean to dirty, and staff should be trained and adhere to infection control policies and procedures.

This acts as a store area for contaminated materials until they can be disposed of.

Human tissues to be incinerated, accompanied with the documentation for incineration of tissues, should adhere to hospital policy and Human Tissue Act of the country.

Used sharps/safety boxes are to be stored here and not in the operating room, which is a clean area.
They should then be sent for incineration.

This area, also known as the sluice room, should be fitted with the following: A deep bowl sink and/or slop hopper must be provided.

A wash hand basin with hot and cold water must be available.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C UNICEF 103 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml 3 2 1 1 5 1 1 21.

Cleaner’s room Activities: A cleaner’s room or area for the storage of cleaning equipment and materials must be provided.

Sufficient mop handle clamps and shelving for theatre hygiene should be fitted.

Adequate shelving and cupboards for storing cleaning materials and equipment must be provided.
A rust-proof wash sink with hot and cold water should be available.

Adherence to colour coding for dusting is essential.

Each operating room should have a dedicated cleaning trolley and mop heads should be cleaned and sterilised according to hospital policy, after utilization.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Item description Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Sq 001 Airway Guedel, (0 - Paediatric) 002 Airway Guedel, (00 - Neonatal) 003 Airway Guedel, (1 - Child) 004 Airway Guedel, (2 - Adolescent) 005 Airway Guedel, (3 - Adult) 006 Airway Guedel, (4 + 5 – Adult Large) 007 S0305000 Apron, protection, plastic, reusable 008 Bag, Enterostomy, opening, disposable + Clamp 009 Bag, urine, paediatric 010 Bag, urine, with tap and non return valve 011 S0330500 Bag,urine,collecting,2000ml 012 Band, Esmarch, 6 cm x 5 m 013 Bandage, Elastic (crepe), 10 cm x 1 m 014 Bandage, Tricot, Tubular, 10cm x 25 m 015 Bandage, Tricot, Tubular, 10cm x 5 m 016 Bandage, Tricot, Tubular, 5 cm x 5 m 017 S0503025 Bandage,elastic,7.5cmx5m,roll 018 S0512110 Bandage,gauze,5cmx5m,roll 019 S0512111 Bandage,gauze,8cmx4m,roll 020 S0512200 Bandage,tricot,tubular,5cmx25m 021 S0572510 Blanket,survival,220x140cm UNICEF 104 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 022 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 023 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 024 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 025 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 026 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 027 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 028 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 029 Bouffant Nurse Cap 030 Bubble Tubing 031 S0709210 Cannula,IV short,18G,ster,disp 032 S0709220 Cannula,IV short,20G,ster,disp 033 S0709225 Cannula,IV short,22G,ster,disp 034 S0709230 Cannula,IV short,24G,ster,disp 035 Catheter Peritoneal Dialysis, CH 12, ster,disp, complete se 036 Catheter Sup-Pubic, CH 10, 1.65 cm, ster,disp., adult 037 Catheter, ureteral, CH5, ster, disp 038 Catheter, urethral, CH6, ster, disp 039 Catheter, urethral, CH7, ster, disp 040 S0323300 Catheter,Foley,CH10,ster,disp 041 S0323301 Catheter,Foley,CH12,ster,disp 042 S0323302 Catheter,Foley,CH14,ster,disp 043 S0323303 Catheter,Foley,CH18,ster,disp 044 S0322010 Catheter,urethral,CH12,ster,disp 045 S0323010 Catheter,urethral,CH14,ster,disp 046 Compress, Abdominal,
 40x40cm 047 Compress, Swab, 20x 20 cm 048 S0523005 Compress,gauze,10x10cm,n/ster/PAC-100 049 S0523055 Compress,gauze,10x10cm,ster/PAC-5 050 S0523050 Compress,paraffin,10x10cm,ster/BOX-10 052 S0324500 Connector, biconical, OD 7-11-7mm 053 Connectors For Plastic Tubing 054 Cotton Tipped Applicator 055 S0519600 Cotton wool,500g,roll,non-ster 056 CVP - Set 057 Diathermy pencil/ball/blade 058 Disposable, dispersive, electrode(Diathermy pad) 059 Drain, corrugated sheet, 3 cm x 25 cm 060 Drain, Thoracic + Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 14 061 Drain, Thoracic + Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 24 062 Drain, tubular, penrose, 1 cm x 22.5 cm 063 Drain, wound, CH 12, ster, disp, 450 ml (Redon + Needle) 064 Drain, wound, CH 16, ster, disp, 450 ml (Redon + Needle) 065 Drain, wound, CH 6, ster,disp, 120 ml (Redon) 066 Drainage, Thoracic, complete set, sterile disposable CH 14 067 Drainage, Thoracic, complete set, sterile disposable CH 24 068 Drainage, Thoracic, Valve No Return 069 S0361020 Drawsheet,plastic,90x180cm 070 Elastoplasts, 10 cm x 3 m 071 Electrode, Chest, Monitor 072 S0521425 Envelope,plastic,10x15cm/PAC-100 073 S0319000 Extractor,mucus,20ml,ster,disp 074 File for ampoules UNICEF 105 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 075 Gauze Ball, Large (sterile) 076 Gauze Ball, Large (un-sterile) 077 Gauze Ball, Peanut (sterile) 078 Gauze Swabs RAYTEX® 10 X 10 cm 079 Gauze Swabs, Un-sterile (Green) 080 S0521900 Gauze,roll,90cmx100m,non-ster 081 S0330012 Gloves,exam,latex,large,disp/BOX-100 082 S0330011 Gloves,exam,latex,medium,disp/BOX-100 083 S0330010 Gloves,exam,latex,small,disp/BOX-100 084 S0330100 Gloves,gynaeco,6.5,ster,disp,pair 085 S0330102 Gloves,gynaeco,7.5,ster,disp,pair 086 S0330104 Gloves,gynaeco,8.5,ster,disp,pair 087 S0328001 Gloves,surg,6.5,ster,disp,pair 088 S0328501 Gloves,surg,7,ster,disp,pair 089 S0329001 Gloves,surg,7.5,ster,disp,pair 090 S0329501 Gloves,surg,8,ster,disp,pair 091 S0329901 Gloves,surg,8.5,ster,disp,pair 092 Gum elastic
 bougie, CH 15, 60 cm 093 Intubation stylet, adult, 15 Ch 094 Intubation stylet, paediatric, 10 Ch 095 S0531996 Lancet,blood,ster,disp/PAC-200 096 Mask, Clinical, Disposable (non-woven) 097 Mask, Dental, Ear Loop 098 Mask, Protection, High Filtration 099 Needle, dental sterile 25G Long, Orange 100 Needle, dental sterile 27G Short Gray 101 Needle, dental sterile 30G Extra Short, Yellow 102 Needle, dental sterile, 25G Short, Orange 103 Needle, dental sterile, 27G Long, Gray 104 Needle, dental sterile, 30G Short, Yellow 105 S0747420 Needle,disp,19G(1.1x40mm),ster/BOX-100 106 S0747432 Needle,disp,21G(0.8x40mm),ster/BOX-100 107 S0747440 Needle,disp,22G(0.7x30mm),ster/BOX-100 108 S0747452 Needle,disp,23G(0.6x25mm),ster/BOX-100 109 S0747445 Needle,disp,25G(0.5x16mm),ster/BOX-100 110 S0749000 Needle,reuse,18Gx2"/BOX-12 111 S0748850 Needle,reuse,18Gx3"/BOX-12 112 S0752000 Needle,reuse,20Gx1-1/2"/BOX-12 113 S0750500 Needle,reuse,22Gx1-1/4"/BOX-12 114 S0750700 Needle,reuse,23Gx1"/BOX-12 115 S0751000 Needle,reuse,24Gx3/4"/BOX-12 116 S0751502 Needle,reuse,26Gx3/8"/BOX-12 117 S0744400 Needle,scalp vein,21G,ster,disp 118 S0744300 Needle,scalp vein,25G,ster,disp 119 S0748300 Needle,spinal,20G(0.9x90mm),ster,disp 120 S0747995 Needle,spinal,22G(0.7x40mm),ster,disp 121 S0748100 Needle,spinal,22G(0.7x90mm),ster,disp 122 Obstetrical Pads 123 Opsite Flexi-grid (Various Sizes) 124 Oxygen mask, adult 125 Oxygen mask, paediatric size 126 Oxygen, nasal cannula UNICEF 106 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 127 Patient's Identification Bracelets 128 Peritoneal Dialysis Set 129 Plaster of Paris, 15 cm x 3 m 130 S0541055 Plaster of paris,10cmx3m 131 S0541050 Plaster of paris,7.5cmx3m 132 Reusable, Diathermy, Cable 133 S0782208 Safety box for .used syrgs/ndls 5lt/BOX-25 134 Set, Blood giving with air inlet 135 Set, Blood taking, bag (150 ml) 136 Set, Blood taking, bag (250 ml) 137 Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet 138 Set, Infusion,
 paediatric, precision 139 Set, Infusion, Scalp vein 140 Set, Infusion, Vented 141 S0746010 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.10 142 S0746110 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.11 143 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.15 144 S0746510 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.22 145 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.23 146 Shoe cover, disposable 147 Silicone Rubber Tubing 148 S0552000 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 149 Surgeon's Cap, Easy-Tie 150 Sut, abs, non-absorbable, various 151 S0564010 Sut,abs,DEC1,need 1/2,18mm,round/BOX-36 152 S0564011 Sut,abs,DEC2,need 3/8 18mm,round/BOX-36 153 S0564004 Sut,abs,DEC2,need 3/8,26mm,tri/BOX-36 154 S0564012 Sut,abs,DEC3,need 1/2 30mm,round/BOX-36 155 S0564013 Sut,abs,DEC3,need 3/8 50mm,round/BOX-36 156 S0564030 Sut,abs,DEC3,spool/BOX-36 157 S0564020 Sut,abs,DEC4,need 3/8 36mm,tri/BOX-36 158 S0565010 Sut,nonabs,DEC2,need 3/8 13mm,tri/BOX-36 159 S0565011 Sut,nonabs,DEC3,need 3/8 30mm,tri/BOX-36 160 Swab, Christmas tree, Eye 161 S0782112 Syringe,10ml,w/needle,21Gx1.5"/BOX-100 162 S0782110 Syringe,2ml,w/needle,21Gx1.5"/BOX-100 163 S0782111 Syringe,5ml,w/needle,21Gx1.5"/BOX-100 164 S0782209 Syringe,A-D,BCG,0.1ml,w/ndl,ster/BOX-100 165 S0782207 Syringe,A-D,Prog,0.5ml,loose pkd/BOX-100 166 S0782413 Syringe,dispos,10ml,ster/BOX-100 167 S0782205 Syringe,dispos,2ml,ster/BOX-100 168 S0782405 Syringe,dispos,5ml,ster/BOX-100 169 S0366010 Syringe,feeding,50ml,conical tip,ster 170 S0366020 Syringe,feeding,50ml,luer tip,ster 171 S0782215 Syringe,reuse,BCG,0.05ml/BOX-10 172 S0782220 Syringe,reuse,EPI,0.5ml/BOX-10 173 S0785674 Syringe,reuse,plastic,10ml 174 S0785670 Syringe,reuse,plastic,2ml 175 S0781905 Syringe,reuse,plastic,5ml 176 S0566005 Tape umbilical,3mmx50m,non-ster 177 S0504000 Tape,adhesive,Z.O,perforated,10cmx5m 178 S0503010 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m UNICEF 107 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 179 Telfa, dressing (Various Sizes) 180 S0385000 Tourniquet,latex rubber,75cm 181 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 3 mm, w/o balloon 182 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 3.5 mm, w/o balloon 183 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 4 mm, w/o balloon 184 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 4.5 mm, w/o balloon 185 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 5 mm, balloon 186 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 5.5 mm, balloon 187 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 6 mm, balloon 188 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 6.5 mm, balloon 189 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 7 mm, balloon 190 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7.5 mm, balloon 191 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 8 mm, balloon 192 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 3 mm, w/o balloon 193 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 3.5 mm, w/o balloon 194 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 4 mm, w/o balloon 195 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 4.5 mm, w/o balloon 196 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 5 mm, balloon 197 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 5.5 mm, balloon 198 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 6 mm, balloon 199 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 6.5 mm, balloon 200 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 7 mm, balloon 201 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 7.5 mm, balloon 202 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 8 mm, balloon 203 Tube, Trachea, balloon, int.can, ster, size 6 204 Tube, Trachea, balloon, int.can, ster, size 8 205 S0372000 Tube,asp/feed,CH06,L125cm,ster,disp 206 S0372010 Tube,asp/feed,CH08,L125cm,ster,disp 207 S0372020 Tube,asp/feed,CH12,L125cm,ster,disp 208 S0370500 Tube,asp/feed,CH16,L125cm,ster,disp 209 S0373500 Tube,feeding,CH05,L40cm,ster,disp 210 S0373000 Tube,feeding,CH08,L40cm,ster,disp 211 S0378010 Tube,rectal,CH20,L30cm,ster,disp 212 S0379010 Tube,rectal,CH24,L30cm,ster,disp 213 S0382000 Tube, rubber, ID 7mm,L1.5m 214 S0374010 Tube,suction,CH08,L50cm,ster,disp 215 S0374015 Tube,suction,CH10,L50cm,ster,disp 216 S0374025 Tube,suction,CH14,L50cm,ster,disp 217 S0374030 Tube,suction,CH16,L50cm,ster,disp 218 Umbilical Cord Clamp 219 Dental renewable/consumables are allocated in OPD 220 Phaco-Emulsification renewable/consumable according to equipment brand Operating Room Linen: Sq Item description 001 Apron Surgical, rubber 002 Trousers, Surgical, woven, Large 003 Trousers, Surgical, woven, Medium 004 Trousers, Surgical, woven, Small 005 Top, Surgical, woven, Large 006 Top, Surgical, woven, Medium 007 Top, Surgical, woven, Small UNICEF 108 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 008 Gown, Surgical, woven(Orthopaedic gown) 009 Gown, Surgical, woven(Plain) 010 Cap, Surgical, woven 011 Drape, Surgical, woven(1 X 1 m) 012 Drape, Surgical, woven(1 X 1,5 m) 013 Drape, Surgical, woven(1.5 x
 1,5 m)(fenestrated 014 Drape, Surgical, woven(45 cm X 70 cm)(fenestrated) 015 Pillow case 016 Pillows 017 Sheet, Bed 018 Sheet, draw, white 019 Cellular Blanket (Recovery and outside blankets) 020 Mayo cover 021 Towel Bath 022 Towel Hand Capacity, Surgical suite: The capacity of the surgical theatre is determined by the two interchangeable OTs.
Estimated capacity: An average of 5 procedures per day, per theatre.

300 operational days per year.

Approximately 3,000 procedures per year, exclusive of after-hours work and emergencies.

Location, Surgical suite: The preferred location is on the same floor as the surgical wards, which may be the ground floor.

It should be connected to the surgical ward by the simplest possible route.

It should also: Adjoin the central sterile supply department.
Be easily accessible from the accident and emergency department.

If intensive care is available, the ICU should be adjacent to the OT.

Be located in a cul-de-sac, so that entry and exit can be controlled and there should be no through traffic.
UNICEF 109 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.6 Accident and Emergency (A&E) Description/Activities: The majority of patients attending the A&E will have soft tissue injuries, suspected fractures and a wide range of other minor conditions.

A moderate or severe illness or emergency.

This group attends as an alternative to seeing their general medical practitioner (GP).
An injury for which they would not normally attend their GP, for example a fractured limb.

A serious medical emergency, such as asthma.

A serious surgical emergency or multiple injury.

The result of alcohol and/or drug abuse.

Children and young people: while patients of all ages attend A&E departments, special consideration should be given to the needs of children and young people.
Every effort should be made to ensure that children can come to no physical harm and are not upset by sights and sounds in the A&E department, and that adult patients are not upset by the presence of children.

This can be facilitated by an appropriate planning solution.
The most common functional, or organizational, issues that must be addressed in planning an Accident and Emergency unit include: 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception/Nurse 04 Staff Toilet 05 Resuscitation (1) 06 Cubicles (2) 07 Treatment 08 Plaster Room 09 Clean Utility 10 Soiled Utility 11 Cleaners room UNICEF 110 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Waiting Activities: People in the waiting area, both patients and their friends and family, are anxious and afraid of the unknown.

There are a variety of reasons why patients may have to wait.

Other patients may be treated first due to the severity of their conditions; specialized treatment rooms may not be immediately available, or patients may need a test or procedure that takes time.

Anxiety can be reduced by the careful and sensitive design of the waiting and associated areas.
Patients and relatives should be fully and continuously informed of reasons for any delay.

The waiting area should be designed so that it is not in the visual line of the emergency area and entrance.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Stretcher patient, epoxy coated, with fixed patient support (*) 002 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m (*) 003 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 5 1 02.

Toilet Activities: The patient toilet should be designed to accommodate a wheel chair.
It must be close to patient cubicles so that nursing staff can assist patients if needed.

A bell or call system should be in place to alert staff if needed.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 03.

Reception/Nurse Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Upon arrival, patients are seen by a triage nurse who determines the order in which they need attention.
He/she takes down brief information about the patient’s illness or injury.

In emergency situations, patients are not seen on a “first come first served” basis.

Rather, they are seen in order of the seriousness of their problems.

For example, heart attack patients and accident victims are usually seen before patients with cuts or broken bones.

They are not more important, but their needs are simply more urgent.
It is most important that patients are assessed upon arrival at the reception to ensure that they receive appropriate attention, in a suitable location with a requisite degree of urgency.

Triage is accepted practice in many hospitals.

Patients are seen broadly in order of clinical priority, enabling the best potential results.

The reception area should be situated in such a position that staff can observe incoming individuals from the hospital main entrance as well as the emergency entrance.
This area will function as a nurse station and the HFD (habit forming drug cupboard) will be placed here.

The triage area, if planned, should be close to the reception area for functionality.

Opening times: Monday to Sunday 24-hour service for injury, or other conditions needing immediate surgical or medical attention.

It should be accessible to wheelchair.


Administrative procedures: Check-in: UNICEF 111 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources After seeing the triage nurse, the patient will need to speak with staff at the registration desk, give their name, address and payment information.

Check-out: Checking out of the emergency centre takes a few minutes.
First, the physician or nurse will tell the patient how to care for themselves and recognize problems or symptoms.

Patients should feel free to ask any questions.

Follow-up: A patient’s doctor may want to refer them to one of the consultant clinics for follow-up medical care.

It is very important that a patient continues her/his treatment.

The records of visits to the emergency centre are made available to the out-patient clinic consultant.
Telephone numbers of the appropriate clinic will be given to patients before they leave the emergency centre.

TTO (To Take Out medicines) cupboards: These cupboards should contain medication for patients to take home if the hospital pharmacy is closed.

Ambulance: An ambulance service is of vital importance, as the level of hospital described can only deal with limited emergencies and patients should then be referred to higher level provider as soon as possible.
The reception area of accident and emergency should have direct contact with this service.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 007 Viewer, double field, x-ray film Q C M E 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 C E 04.
Staff Toilet Activities: It should be separated from patient facilities and include space for lockers for staff personal articles.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) 05.
Resuscitation Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C The resuscitation room must be immediately adjacent to the ambulance entrance and is intended only for the treatment of patients experiencing immediate life-threatening injuries or episodes of acute illness.

The room should be large enough for a team response to attend to a cardiac arrest or to a patient with multiple injuries.
Should a cardiac arrest occur, or appear imminent, it is important that staff are knowledgeable or skilled staff are on hand to assist the patient.

The primary resuscitation team is directed by a physician who prescribes medication that is administered by one of the nurses, while a second nurse records all aspects of the episode.

An inventory of emergency medicines is fully stocked in preparation for the next case which could occur only minutes later.
UNICEF 112 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources The intensity of activity and the number of people and items of equipment in the room suggest that such rooms should only contain a single patient, except in unusual situations, such as a multi-vehicle accident or explosion when the hospital's disaster plan has been initiated.
Traffic circulation: it should be possible to transfer a critically ill patient directly to a higher level facility or surgical suite without having to go through public areas or other areas of the A&E, if needed.

A similarly discreet route should be available for transporting deceased patients to the morgue.

Security precautions in the A&E should not compromise the daily need for uninterrupted traffic flow and accessibility to emergency care.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 1 C M E 1 M 1 M (optional) 004 Wall clock (*) 005 Patient transfer, roller system 006 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 007 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 008 Stretcher patient, emergency, epoxy coated, height adjustable 009 S0180000 Stretcher, emergency patient transport,2 piece detachable 010 S0630000 Flashlight, pre-focused, angled 011 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 012 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 013 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 014 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 015 Cart, crash, with defibrillator, with oxygen, adult and child 016 S0760605 Pump,suction,portable,220V,w/access 017 Sphygmomanometer, aneroid, child cuff, rail mount 018 Sphygmomanometer, aneroid, adult, rail mount 019 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 020 Rail, medical, universal, set of 2 rails of 1.50 m, complete 021 Shelf, monitor, rail mount 022 S0845001 Resuscitator, hand-oper., adult, set (*) 023 S0845000 Resuscitator, hand-oper., infant/child (*) 024 S0746705 Laryngoscope, set (MacIntosch) 025 S0002062 Recorder, ECG, 3/6-channel, trolley 026 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 027 Light, examination, halogen, for medical rail system 028 Monitor, patient, portable, 3-channel 029 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 030 Stethoscope, paediatric head (*) 031 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass (*) UNICEF 113 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 06.
Cubicles (2) Activities: The core clinical area contains multi-purpose cubicles, which are equipped to handle everything from minor cuts, sore throats, pregnancies, to monitoring a patient with intermittent chest pain.

These are within the direct visual control of the nursing station.

The cubicles should be so equipped to manage minor and if necessary more acute cases, in the event of a disaster.

Stretchers are preferable in this area.


The patient can then be wheeled out easily and another stretcher can be moved in for the next patient.

Basic care can be rendered in this area.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Bed head unit, for patient bed rooms, 1-bed model, wall mount (optional) 002 Vacuum aspirator, 0 - 250 mm/Hg, w bottle and tubing, gas outlet (optional) 003 Flow meter, 0 - 15 l/min, oxygen with humidifier, wall outlet connection type Q C M E 2 C M E 2 M 2 M (optional) 004 Wall clock (*) 005 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 006 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
007 Stretcher patient, emergency, epoxy coated, height adjustable 008 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 009 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 010 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 011 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 012 Screen, bed, three section, mobile (*) 013 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 014 Sphygmomanometer, aneroid, child cuff, rail mount 015 Sphygmomanometer, aneroid, adult, rail mount 016 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 017 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 018 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 019 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 020 Stethoscope, paediatric head (*) 021 S0481052 Thermometer, clinical, glass (*) E 1 C 2 1 2 2 C 1 C M 2 2 1 2 1 M 1 M 1 1 2 2 1 2 E 07.
Treatment Activities: Minor procedures (inclusive of suturing) which do not require the full facility of the operating department, should be performed in this area.

A scrub area or clinical basin should be situated between the resuscitation area, the treatment room and multipurpose cubicles for optimal efficiency.

Instrument sets allocated in clean utility will be used here, thus the treatment room should be situated close to the clean utility.
There should be oxygen and suction equipment located in this area to assist in basic emergency treatment, if needed.

A clinical wash hand basin is needed for aseptic technique maintenance.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Refrigerator, under counter model, 110 l Q C M E 1 1 C 2 C M 1 E UNICEF 114 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 005 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 009 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 010 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 011 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 08.
Plaster Room Activities: This should be located close to the treatment room and should be able to manage closed reduction of fractures, and the application of splints and casts.

The A&E should accommodate the out-patients department, emergency cases as well as ward patients who need Plaster of Paris (POP).

This room will be equipped with a basin with a drain, adequate to deal with POP residue.

Removal of POP undertaken.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Plaster trolley, with drawers and plaster bowl 003 Stretcher patient, epoxy coated, with fixed patient support (*) 004 Worktable, with plaster sink, st. st. top, cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 008 Ort 008 Plaster Removal Set 009 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 010 Viewer, double field, x-ray film Q C M E 1 1 1 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 C E E E 09.
Clean Utility Activities: This room will contain all the sterile instrument sets.

Renewable/consumables could also be stored in this area, making clinical procedures more efficient.

The set-up of dressing and procedure trolleys should be done in this room.

Refrigerated medication and injections will be kept here, thus the preparation of IV Fluids, injections, etc.

should be managed in the clean utility.

A clinical basin with hand washing soap and drying facilities is a necessity.
Pre-prepared emergency trolleys should be available in case there are multiple emergencies at once.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 006 Pump, infusion, drop controlled (Optional) 007 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) 008 Gen.surg-001 Dressing set E Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 2 2 1 1 1 E UNICEF 115 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 009 Gen.surg-002 Suture set 010 Gen.surg-007 Tracheotomy set 011 Gen.surg-010 Cut down set, adult/paediatric 012 Gen.surg-015 Suprapubic puncture set 013 Gen.surg-016 Chest drainage set, underwater-seal 014 Gen.surg-018 Proctoscope set 015 Gen.surg-034 Cardiac arrest set (optional) 016 Plastic.surg-003 Plastic repair set 017 Dental-001 Dental syringe set 018 ENT-002 Ear-foreign body removal set 019 ENT-003 Nose-foreign body removal set 020 ENT-005 Headlight set 10.
Soiled Utility Activities: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Urine testing and specimen collection preparation to be done here.

Sluice sink and slop hopper or combination sluice unit is included.

Wash hand basin available.

If this room is also used for the collection and temporary storage of soiled linen and waste, dirty linen containers must be provided.

It can also be used as a store area for medical waste until proper disposal e.g.

the incineration of waste can be done.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopaedic, st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 1 10 5 10 5 5 11.

Cleaner’s Room Activities: This should include shelves for cleaner’s materials, a low sink with a suitable tap height for bucket filling, and hooks for mops.

In smaller facilities the cleaner’s room is incorporated into the dirty utility.
In this case, there should be enough space to accommodate both services.

UNICEF 116 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.
(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 Airways – Guedel 0 002 Airways – Guedel 00 003 Airways – Guedel 1 004 Airways – Guedel 2 005 Airways – Guedel 3 006 Airways – Guedel 4 007 Airways – Guedel 5 008 Applicator - Wooden (Orange Stick) 009 Aprons – Disposable 010 Aprons – Surgeon 011 Aqua-packs Oxygen Humidifier 012 Baby Urine Collectors 013 Bags - Refuse - All Colours and Sizes 014 Bags - Urine 015 Bandage - Crepe 016 Bandage - Elastic Adhesive Plaster - Flesh/White 017 Bandage - Esmarch 018 Bandage - Orthopaedic 019 Bandage - W.O.W.
020 Bandage- Conforming 021 Batteries - Medical & General 022 Bedpan Covers 023 Biopsy Needles 024 Blade Surgical/Scalpel,ster,disp,no.15 025 Blades - Surgical/Scalpel 10 026 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 027 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 028 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 029 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 030 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 031 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 032 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 033 Brush - Nail Autoclavable/Instrument 034 Bubble tubing box 035 Cannula - Nasal-Oxygen 036 Cannula, IV short,18G,ster,disp 037 Cannula, IV short,20G,ster,disp 038 Cannula, IV short,22G,ster,disp 039 Cannula, IV short,24G,ster,disp 040 Catheter - Foley - Latex/Silicone Coated/100% Silicone UNICEF 117 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 041 Catheter - Jacques 042 Catheter - Suprapubic 043 Catheter Suction – Plain different sizes / 044 Catheters Foley – Latex/Silicone Size 12 045 Catheters Foley – Latex/Silicone Size 14 046 Chemical Cleaning Products 047 Chest Drainage Kit 048 Collar & Cuff 049 Colostomy Bags 050 Combur Tests 051 Connector, Biconical Autoclavable 052 Connector, T/Y 053 Connectors - Plastic – Tapered 054 Container, Sample, urine, plastic, non-sterile, 60 ml 055 Cotton Buds 056 Disposable Caps - Bonnet Type 057 Drain, Thoracic + Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 14 058 Drain, Thoracic + Trocar, sterile, disp, CH 24 059 Drainage, Thoracic, complete set, sterile disposable CH 14 060 Drainage, Thoracic, complete set, sterile disposable CH 24 061 Drainage, Thoracic, Valve No Return 062 Electrode, Chest, Monitoring 063 Fluid Shield Surgical Masks 064 Foley – Latex/Silicone Size 10 065 Fridge Thermometers 066 Gauze Absorbent Ribbon 067 Gauze Rolls/Swabs - Sterile/Non-Sterile 068 Gloves – Household Large 069 Gloves – Household Medium 070 Gloves – Surgical Size 6 071 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 072 Gloves – Surgical Size 7 ½ 073 Gloves – Surgical Size 8 074 Gloves, exam, latex, large, disp 075 Gloves, exam, latex, medium, disp 076 Gloves, exam, latex, small, disp 077 Hand wash Antiseptic Liquid (Hibiscrub) 078 079 080 081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090 K.Y.
Jelly 091 Kimberly Clark Paper Products for paper dispensers 092 Linen Savers I.D Band Baby I.D Bands - Patient Yellow I.D.

Bands - Patient Pink I.D.

Bands - Patient White I.V.

Administration Sets - 15 Drop I.V.

Administration Sets - 60 Drop I.V.

Blood Administration Sets I.V.

Buretrol for Paediatric infusion I.V.


Extension set Incontinence Sheets Intubation stylet, adult, 15 Ch Intubation stylet, Paediatric, 11 Ch UNICEF 118 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 093 Litmus Paper - Red/Blue 094 Masks - Nebuliser/Oxygen//Ward 095 Masks Face Queen Charlotte (optional) 096 Micropore Tape 097 N.G Tubes 12 098 N.G Tubes 14 099 N.G.
Tubes 16 100 Nasal Feeding Tubes 101 Nasal Oxygen Cannula 102 Needle, dental sterile 25G Long, Orange 103 Needle, dental sterile 27G Short Gray 104 Needle, dental sterile 30G Extra Short, Yellow 105 Needle, dental sterile, 25G Short, Orange 106 Needle, dental sterile, 27G Long, Gray 107 Needle, dental sterile, 30G Short, Yellow 108 Needle, spinal disp,20G(0.9x90mm),sterile 109 Needle, spinal disp,22G(0.7x40mm),sterile 110 Needle, spinal disp.
22G(0.7x90mm),sterile 111 Needle,disp,15G 112 Needle,disp,18G 113 Needle,disp,21G 114 Needle,disp,22G 115 Needle,disp,23G 116 Needle,disp,25G 117 Needles - Butterfly 23G 118 P.O.P.
Bandages/Slabs 119 Pads - Sanitary - Regular 120 Paraffin Gauze 121 Razor Medical - Disposable - Double/Single Edge 122 Ribbon Gauze 123 Safety Pins small, medium, large 124 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.11 125 Sharps Containers (Safety box) 126 Spatulas - Tongue 127 Spigots 128 Spray Bottles - Thumb/Trigger/Plunger Operated 129 Sputum Mugs/Bags 130 Stockinet 131 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.10 132 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.11 133 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.15 134 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.22 135 Scalpel blade,ster,disp,no.23 136 Surgical Spirits 137 Sutures – Appendix 5 suture catalogue 138 Swabs - Alcohol 139 Swabs - Gauze - Sterile 140 Swabs - Tonsil 141 Swabs Cotton Wool Balls - Sterile/Non-Sterile 142 Swabs Cotton Wool Rolls 143 Tape Surgical Adhesive Hypo-Allergenic/Micro-porous 144 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 3 mm, w/o balloon UNICEF 119 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 145 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 3.5 mm, w/o balloon 146 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 4 mm, w/o balloon 147 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 4.5 mm, w/o balloon 148 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 5 mm, balloon 149 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 5.5 mm, balloon 150 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 6 mm, balloon 151 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 6.5 mm, balloon 152 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7 mm, balloon 153 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.

+ connector, 7.5 mm, balloon 154 Tube, Endo-tracheal, disp.
+ connector, 8 mm, balloon 155 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 3 mm, connector 156 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 3 mm, w/o balloon 157 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 3.5 mm, connector 158 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 3.5 mm, w/o balloon 159 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 4 mm, connector 160 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 4 mm, w/o balloon 161 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 4.5 mm, connector 162 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 4.5 mm, w/o balloon 163 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 5 mm, balloon 164 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 5 mm, connector 165 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 5.5 mm, balloon 166 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 5.5 mm, connector 167 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 6 mm, balloon 168 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 6 mm, connector 169 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 6.5 mm, balloon 170 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 6.5 mm, connector 171 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 7 mm, balloon 172 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 7 mm, connector 173 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 7.5 mm, balloon 174 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 7.5 mm, connector 175 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 8 mm, balloon 176 Tube, Endo-tracheal, reusable, 8 mm, connector 177 Tube, Trachea, balloon, int.can, ster, size 6 178 Tube, Trachea, balloon, int.can, ster, size 8 179 Tubes Suction Yankauer - Plain/Control 180 Tubigrip 181 Tubing Bubble box 182 Tubing Latex box 183 Urine Bags/Collectors 184 Urine Meters 185 Vaginal Plugging 186 Walking Heels - Rubber 187 Zimmer Splints Finger 188 Zinc Oxide Plaster different sizes Capacity, A&E department: At least seven patients can be attended to simultaneously, and if a disaster occurs, a triage area could be set up in the reception area.
These activities should be described in the policies and procedures of the internal and external disaster management protocol.

UNICEF 120 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Location, A&E department: It should be easily accessible from the main hospital entrance It should have its own external entrance.

It should be located at ground level on a single floor.

The unit must have a weather-protected external entrance, with easy ambulance access.
A ramp must be provided if the level of the ground outside is not the same as inside the building.

If the unit is not on the same level as the hospital, an elevator must be provided that will be suitable for convenient access by patients to the operating suite, wards, dispensary or radiological units if necessary.
UNICEF 121 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.7 General Out-patient Department (OPD) Description/Activities: This department is also called ambulatory services.

Its functions include: Specialist consultation and examination.

The treatment of patients who do not require the facilities of an emergency ward.

Screening for the identification of day-patients and in-patients.
Following up and monitoring the condition of out-patients and day patients.

Discharging patients from the care of the hospital, with referral if necessary to other health services.

The needs for a first referral level out-patient service should be assessed as part of the strategic planning process.

The design of this screening department should take into account the number of referrals from general practitioners and peripheral health units, and the propensity of people in the area to go to the hospital.
The outpatient clinic could consist of: 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception/Nurse 04 Clean Utility 05 Staff Toilet 06 Consultation/Examination 07 Consultation/Examination 08 Eye 09 ENT 10 Dental 11 Paediatrics 12 Gynaecology 13 Obstetrics (incl.

Ultrasonography - USG) 14 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 15 Soiled Utility 16 Cleaners room UNICEF 122 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Waiting Activities: The clinic waiting area should be close to the clinic reception desk and within easy reach of the consulting and examination rooms.

Sufficient seating space and access to public toilets, public telephones and to drinking water should be provided.

A specific waiting area for children should be equipped with toys.

Item description Equipment Sq 001 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m (*) 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 7 1 02.
Toilet Activities: There must be sufficient toilet facilities to accommodate the patient load, at least 1 toilet to every 8 patients.

Hand washing facilities must be provided.

These facilities must be wheel chair accessible.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 03.

Reception/Nurse Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C This is preferably situated at the entrance to the OPD.
It must be convenient for wheelchair or patients with disabilities.

It should be equipped as a reception and information counter or desk.

Simple directions and a floor plan must be prominently displayed.

An effective appointment, follow-up and referral system is essential for the operation of an efficient OPD.

A well-managed system will facilitate the functions of the different departments and will be an important factor in determining the number of patients for whom waiting space is provided.
Laboratory specimens (e.g.

blood samples, urine and stool samples) are to be kept here for collection by the laboratory courier.

The reception area staff keep patients fully informed and reduce patient and family anxiety.

Ambulance transport arrangements should be co-ordinated with the appointments system to ensure a smooth flow of patients to and from the clinic and to avoid overcrowding.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 1 2 1 UNICEF 123 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 04.
Clean Utility Activities: A clean utility room should be located adjacent to the treatment preparation area and have direct access to it.

Provision is required for the preparation and storage of all drugs, medicines and lotions.

It functions as a store area for a working supply of clean and sterile supplies, and the preparation of trolleys for the different clinics.

The controlled drug cupboard may be located here.

This room should be fitted with adequate shelving, a work table and a wash-hand basin.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 007 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C M 1 6 1 1 E 05.
Staff Toilet Activities: The staff toilet is separate from the patient toilet facility.

Space for staff to store their personal belongings should be available.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white (*) 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 06.

Consultation/Examination Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C These consulting rooms are used as interchangeable consulting/examination rooms.
Each consulting room should be equipped for the department it serves, and consideration given to the specialised equipment required.

A standard consulting and examination room should be large enough to accommodate a doctor, a nurse, a patient (who may be in a wheelchair), and a patient’s escort.

The room is used for consultations, examinations, the taking and recording of blood pressure, and for minor diagnostic treatment procedures.
Space is needed for a desk and chairs, and an examination couch behind curtains.

Item description .

Equipment: Q C M E Sq 1 C M 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 1 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 1 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 1 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 2 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 1 1 007 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) UNICEF 124 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 008 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 009 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 010 S0683200 Sphygmomanometer,(adult),aneroid 011 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 012 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 013 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 014 Viewer, double field, x-ray film 07.
Consultation/Examination Activities: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C E E These consulting rooms are used as interchangeable consulting/examination rooms.

Each consulting room should be equipped for the department it serves, and consideration given to the specialized equipment required.

A standard consulting and examination room should be large enough to accommodate a doctor, a nurse, a patient (who may be in a wheelchair), and a patient’s escort.
The room is used for consultations, examinations, the taking and recording of blood pressure, and for minor diagnostic treatment procedures.

Space is needed for a desk and chairs, and an examination couch behind curtains.

Item description Equipment: Q C M E Sq 1 C M 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 1 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 1 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 1 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 2 006 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 1 1 007 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 1 008 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 1 009 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 1 010 S0683200 Sphygmomanometer,(adult),aneroid 1 011 S0640000 Hammer, reflex (*) 1 012 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 1 013 Stethoscope, dual head (*) 1 C 014 Viewer, double field, x-ray film E E 08.
Eye Activities: In contrast to other out-patient departments, ophthalmic patients do not have to undress for an examination.

The provision of a couch with curtain screening is therefore unnecessary in all spaces, although access to at least one room containing a couch is required.

Indirect ophthalmoscope examinations, especially in retinal clinics, require the patient to be in a supine position.

In addition, patients need to be examined from both sides of the head and also from above.
The patient should therefore be seated in a reclining treatment chair.

While in the chair the doctor will be able to: take the patient’s history, undertake refractions using the reverse Snellen’s test apparatus with a mirror, examine the eye using a hand-held ophthalmoscope, carry out indirect ophthalmoscope examinations with the patient in a supine position, and examine the eye by means of a slit lamp.
This room is a necessity and will house all the specialized equipment as per the generic equipment list and description of equipment.
UNICEF 125 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Eye-care facilities at this first referral level should provide for the definitive management of common blinding conditions such as cataract, trichiasis and entropion (inturned eyelids), ocular trauma, primary angle-closure glaucoma and corneal and infra-ocular infections[5].
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 005 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 006 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 007 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 008 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 009 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gasspring, mobile, st. st. 010 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 011 Set, diagnostic, oto / opthalmo 012 Chair, examination, ophthalmology 013 Set, trial lenses with frame, in case 014 Meter, lens 015 Ophthalmic, examination unit 016 Ophthalmometer, Javal (keratometer) 017 Ophthalmoscope, indirect 018 Distometer 019 Streak-retinoscope 020 Lamp, slit 021 Tonometer, Schötz 022 S0610000 Chart,vision-testing,Snellen type 023 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 09.
Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Activities: ENT out-patient examinations do not usually require a couch with a curtained off area.

An appropriate chair for the patients should therefore suffice.

On the infrequent occasions that a patient needs to lie horizontally, use may be made of a treatment room, where multi-purpose chair/couches are provided.

A multi-purpose chair/couch may be considered useful in the ENT diagnostic and treatment room.
The clinician requires a trolley for presenting instruments and equipment.

Smaller procedures can be done in the ENT consulting room e.g.

removal of foreign bodies from the nose or ear.

Bigger procedures should be performed in the operating room.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 005 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 006 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 2 1 UNICEF 126 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 009 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 010 Chair, treatment, ENT, basic 011 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 012 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 013 Treatment unit, ENT, complete, mobile, for operating theatre 014 S0677500 Speculum,ear,Gruber/SET-4 015 S0681005 Speculum, nasal, infant/child, Martin E 1 1 1 1 1 C M E 1 1 10.
Dental Activities: The quality of the dental chair in the treatment room is critical.

It should be located so that access to the chair is both easy and obvious to patients.

The position of the dental chair will affect the position of the dental cabinetry, incorporating clinical wash-hand basins.

The dental unit-powered instruments and accessories are usually combined together in a dental unit.
The dental examination/operating lamp may be mobile or an integral part of the dental chair, or fixed to the wall or ceiling.

Service outlets: medical oxygen and a medical vacuum are needed, and the units requires compressed air, water, drainage and an electrical supply.

Other dental instruments are used from the trolley.

The renewable/consumables for dentistry are described at the end of the OPD section.

Procedure should be in place to avoid cross-contamination.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 007 Treatment unit, dental, complete, basic 008 Amalgamator, dental 009 Light, operating, dental, chair mounted 010 Stool, dentist and assistant 011 Suction, for 2 dental units, in cabinet 012 Compressor, for 2 dental units, in cabinet 013 Cabinet, dental, length 3.00 m 014 Sterilizer, dental, bench top 015 Viewer, x-ray, dental film 016 Dental-001 Dental syringe set (*) 017 Dental-002 Dental set 018 Plaster Knife 019 Instrument Trays Aluminum 020 Plaster Spatula 021 Wax Carver Roach 022 Retraction cord 180 cm, with epinephrine 023 Dental-010, Dental, endo set 024 Dental-011, Dental, rubber dam 025 Sealant Light Curing 4gm 026 Hand Mirror 027 Dental, ultrasonic unit UNICEF 127 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 028 Ultrasonic inserts universal 029 Hand piece Turbine 030 Spare Turbine 031 Contra Angle slow speed 032 Contra angle high speed 033 Hand piece 1:1 034 Air Motor 5000 rpm 035 Air Motor 20,000 rpm 036 Heads for Contra Angles 037 X-ray, dental, mobile 038 Developer, x-ray film, dental, automatic 11.
Paediatrics Activities: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E E E M E A basic equipped consulting room should have educational posters about baby, infant and child care.

Children should feel secure in their environment and this room should be child-friendly.

There shall be sufficient space in the room for the mother or chaperone to stay with the child during the consultation.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 008 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 009 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 010 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 011 S114600 Measuring mat, length, child, 0-3 years (*) 012 Set, diagnostic, oto / ophthalmic 013 S0683300 Sphygmomanometer,(child),aneroid 014 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 015 S0145520 Scale, infant, clinic, metric, 16 kg x 10g (*) 016 Stethoscope, paediatric head (*) Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 12.
Gynaecology Activities: It is equipped with basic office furniture, and can be used for family planning education.

Wherever practicable, a general purpose consulting and examination room should be used.

The combined consulting and examination room should be large enough to accommodate electronic monitoring and diagnostic equipment.

The examination couch should be protected by a curtain to allow privacy.
A wash-hand basin is essential, as is an adjustable lamp serving the couch along with tables and chairs for consulting.

A small cupboard, with a worktop/writing surface, for the storage of items of equipment and sterile packs is desirable.
UNICEF 128 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0185000 Table, gynaeco, dismant, w/access 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 009 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 010 S1712000 Anatomy-chart pregnancy set, set of 8 (*) 011 S0777000 Speculum vaginal, grave medium, st.st.
(*) 012 S0777500 Speculum, grave, small (*) 013 S0778000 Speculum, grave, large (*) 014 S0683200 Sphygmomanometer,(adult),aneroid 015 S0686500 Stethoscope, foetal, plastc or aluminium (*) 016 S0667000 Pelvimeter, Collyer type, external (*) 017 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 018 S0140500 Scale, physician, adult, metric, 6- 160 kg (*) 019 Stethoscope, dual head (*) Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 13.

Obstetrics (incl.
Obstetrics (incl.

USG) Activities: Ultrasound examinations have become an essential element of antenatal screening and monitoring.

Some women will require ultrasound examinations to assist in the diagnosis and management of complications in pregnancy, whereas others may require procedures under ultrasound guidance – for example amniocentesis.

Ultrasound examinations have also become increasingly important in the management of neonates.

When planning ultrasound facilities, this need should be considered.
Portable ultrasound equipment may be used as an alternative in small units, by appropriately skilled staff.

A dedicated ultrasound room should be close to the antenatal clinic.

It may be located within the main X-ray department as long as that is also is close to the antenatal clinic.

There should be easy access from in-patient beds and day assessment areas.
Item description Equipment: Q C M E Sq 1 C M 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 1 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 2 003 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 004 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 1 005 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 1 1 006 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 1 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 1 008 S0002061 Doppler, fetal (*) 1 009 Ultrasound, obstetric and gynaecology (2 probes) E UNICEF 129 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 14.
Treatment/Dressing/Injection Activities: Depending upon the design, a small waiting area may be required in the vicinity of the treatment facility.

Investigations and treatments that are not appropriate in the consultation and examination rooms, and which do not require use of the acute day patient accommodation, will be carried out in the treatment room of this facility.
This facility will be used during clinics as required and the level of provision will depend upon the size of the department and the local practice for conducting clinical investigations and treatments.

These procedures will be carried out in the rooms with the patient lying on an examination couch or trolley, or sitting in a chair.

The treatment facility should be positioned between the clean and dirty utility rooms with direct access for staff to each from the preparation areas.
This area will complement the consultation rooms.

Minor procedures can be done here.

Orthopaedic OPD cast procedures should be referred to the A&E department that is equipped for POP application and removal.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0101605 Trolley, dressing, st. st., 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Refrigerator, under counter model, 110 l 005 Cabinet, instrument, double door, 0.90 m 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 008 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 009 S0150000 Stand, infusion, st. st., mobile 010 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 011 Dental-002 Dental set 012 ENT-005 Headlight set 013 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) E Q C M E 1 1 C 2 C M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 15.
Soiled Utility Activities: A soiled utility room should include facilities for the cleaning of dressing trolleys and other items or equipment.

Testing and recording of urine specimens.

Disposal of liquid waste.

Temporary storage of items requiring reprocessing or disposal.

A combined disposal unit, with worktop is needed.

A clinical hand-wash facility is required.

Mechanical or natural ventilation should be provided.

The soiled utility should be located adjacent to the treatment room.
If possible, it should also be adjacent to the specimen WC and include a hatch through which specimens can be passed.

This area is used as sluice and dirty linen should be stored here to be collected by laundry staff.

UNICEF 130 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Tub, wash, oval, galvanized steel, 65 l (*) 007 Towel, hand, white (*) 008 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 009 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 012 Trolley, bedpans and urinals, mobile 013 S0222020 Bedpan, st. st. (*) 014 S0210000 Basin, kidney, stainless steel,475ml 015 Urinal, st. st. 016 Bedpan, orthopaedic, st. st. 017 Glass, urine, plastic, 250ml Q C M E 1 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 1 1 5 1 1 5 16.
Cleaner’s room Activities: The space and facilities provided should be sufficient for parking and manoeuvring cleaning machines and a cleaner’s trolley Sufficient space should be available for the cleansing of cleaning equipment and disposal of fluids and used materials.

Hand washing facilities are also required.

Shelving and vertical storage should not encroach on the working space or restrict access to the cleaner’s sink.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.
vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 S0305000 Apron, protection, plastic, reusable 002 S0330500 Bag,urine,collecting,2000ml 003 Bandage, Elastic (crepe), 10 cm x 1 m 004 S0503025 Bandage,elastic,7.5cmx5m,roll 005 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 006 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 007 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 008 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 009 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 010 S0709210 Cannula, IV short,18G,ster,disp UNICEF 131 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 011 S0709220 Cannula, IV short,20G,ster,disp 012 S0709225 Cannula, IV short,22G,ster,disp 013 S0709230 Cannula, IV short,24G,ster,disp 014 S0323300 Catheter,Foley,CH10,ster,disp 015 S0323301 Catheter,Foley,CH12,ster,disp 016 S0323302 Catheter,Foley,CH14,ster,disp 017 S0523055 Compress,gauze,10x10cm,ster/PAC-5 018 S0523050 Compress,paraffin,10x10cm,ster/BOX-10 019 Elastoplasts, 10 cm x 3 m 020 S0330012 Gloves,exam,latex,large,disp/BOX-100 021 S0330011 Gloves,exam,latex,medium,disp/BOX-100 022 S0330010 Gloves,exam,latex,small,disp/BOX-100 023 S0328001 Gloves,surg,6.5,ster,disp,pair 024 S0328501 Gloves,surg,7,ster,disp,pair 025 S0329001 Gloves,surg,7.5,ster,disp,pair 026 S0329501 Gloves,surg,8,ster,disp,pair 027 S0329901 Gloves,surg,8.5,ster,disp,pair 028 Mask, Clinical, Disposable (non-woven) 029 Mask, Dental, Ear Loop 030 Needle, dental sterile 25G Long, Orange 031 Needle, dental sterile 27G Short Gray 032 Needle, dental sterile 30G Extra Short, Yellow 033 Needle, dental sterile, 25G Short, Orange 034 Needle, dental sterile, 27G Long, Gray 035 Needle, dental sterile, 30G Short, Yellow 036 S0747420 Needle,disp,19G(1.1x40mm),ster/BOX-100 037 S0747432 Needle,disp,21G(0.8x40mm),ster/BOX-100 038 S0747440 Needle,disp,22G(0.7x30mm),ster/BOX-100 039 S0747452 Needle,disp,23G(0.6x25mm),ster/BOX-100 040 S0747445 Needle,disp,25G(0.5x16mm),ster/BOX-100 041 S0744400 Needle, scalp vein,21G,ster,disp 042 S0744300 Needle, scalp vein,25G,ster,disp
 043 Obstetrical Pads 044 Oxygen mask, adult 045 Oxygen mask, paediatric size 046 S0782208 Safety box for used syrgs/ndls 5lt/BOX-25 047 Set, Infusion “Y”, Luer lock, air inlet 048 Set, Infusion, Vented 049 S0552000 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g,wrapped 050 S0782413 Syringe,dispos,10ml,ster/BOX-100 051 S0782205 Syringe,dispos,2ml,ster/BOX-100 052 S0782405 Syringe,dispos,5ml,ster/BOX-100 053 S0503010 Tape,adhesive,Z.O.,2.5cmx5m 054 S0480900 Thermometer,clinical,30-40C 055 S0481052 Thermometer,clinical,35-42C 056 S0621000 Tongue depressor,wooden,dispos./BOX-500 057 S0385000 Tourniquet, latex rubber,75cm UNICEF 132 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Renewable/Consumables, Dental: Sq Item description Anesthetics: 001 Lidocaine 2% 50 Cartridges 002 Articaine 4 % 50 Cartridges 003 Needles 27GA Long Box of 100 004 Needles 30 GA Short box of 100 005 Aspirating Syringe 006 Sharps Container Articulation Paper and Accessories: 001 Articulation Paper 300 Strips Box 002 Articulating Paper Forceps Burs: 001 FG Carbide Round no 6, 10 pack 002 FG Carbide Pear 330, 10 pack 003 FG Carbide round-end cylinder 557, 10 pack 004 Steel round CA no.
3, 12 pack 005 Steel round CA no.

5, 12 pack 006 Diamond round No.

010, each 007 Diamond round No.

014 each 008 Diamond cylinder No.

009 each 009 Diamond cylinder No.

014 each 010 Diamond Beveled cylinder No.

878/012 each 011 Diamond Beveled cylinder No.

878/014 each 012 Diamond Flame No.
863/012 each 013 Diamond Wheel 909/035 each 014 Hand piece Cross Cut 79-50 each 015 Bur holder for FG Diamond 016 Bur holder for FG Carbide 017 Bur holder for CA steel 018 Bur sterilization Tray 019 Bur Brush Cements: 001 Temporary filling cement, 30 G. 002 Cavity liner, 24 G. 003 Carboxylate Cement 60G Powder + Liquid 004 Temporary Cement Zinc Oxide Eugenol Paste/Paste 005 Glass lonomer Cement for cementation 006 Glass lonomer Cement for base 007 Cement Spatula no 24 008 Cement mixing Pad Filling Materials: 001 Light Curing Composite, 4.5 G , U 002 Light Curing Composite, 4.5 G , Y 003 Light Curing Composite, 4.5 G , G 004 Glass lonomer Intro kit 50 caps 005 Etching Gel 12G 006 Bonding 10 ML UNICEF 133 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 007 Application Brushes, 100 008 Capsule Mixer 009 Light Curing Unit 010 Mixing Pad 8 x 8 cm Amalgam: 001 Caps 400mg , 50 002 Caps 600mg , 50 003 Amalgam Well 004 Amalgam Gun Plastic 005 Amalgam Gun Tips 006 Amalgam pluggers Hollenback 1 007 Amalgam pluggers Hollenback 2 008 Amalgam pluggers Hollenback 3 009 Burnisher 28/29 010 Burnisher 26/27 011 Carver Cleoid Discoid 3/6 Matrix Materials: 001 Tofflemire Universal 002 Tofflemire Matrix Bands No.3, 144 per Pkg 003 Tofflemire Matrix Bands No.14, 144 per Pkg 004 Matrix Strips Clear, 500 per Pkg 005 Wedges 400 Assorted Finishing Polishing: 001 Finishing Strips 150 002 Polishing points for Amalgam, 10 003 Polishing Points For Composite 10 004 Polishing Point for Acrylics 6 005 Finishing Burs 12 blade Flame 7404, each Impression Materials: 001 Mixing Tips, 48 002 Intra-oral Tips 100 Plastic Filling: 001 Woodson no 1 002 Woodson no 2 003 Woodson no 3 004 Cement applicator Calcium Hydroxide Sutures: 001 Suture Silk + Needle 12/box Disposables and Infection control: 001 Tray Paper 250 sheets 002 Cotton rolls box of 2000 003 Cotton Gauze 5 x 5 cm 200 per pack 004 Paper Towels pack of 500 005 Saliva Ejectors 100 per bag 006 Evacuation tips 50 per bag UNICEF 134 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 007 Surgical evacuation 10 tips per pakg.
008 Latex gloves Box of 100, Different sizes: S/M/L 009 Face masks 50 per box 010 Safety Glasses each 011 Cleaning, "Quick Wipes" 150 per container 012 Disinfecting/sterilization Solution 3.8L 3.4% Glutaradehyde 013 Cleaning and evacuation system solution 3.8 L 014 Sterilization pouches 7 x 23 cm, 200 015 016 Acrylics: 017 Reline Material for full denture 018 Repair Acrylic for full denture 019 Tissue Conditioner 020 Crown and Bridge Acrylic Cartridge Waxes: 001 Box of 500 gr.pink medium hard X-Ray: 001 Standard intra oral film box of 150 Endo: 001 Chlorine Hexidine Preventives 001 Polishing Paste cups, 200 per box 002 Dental Floss 25 yards, 24 per box 003 Tooth brushes child 72 brushes 004 Tooth brushes adult 72 brushes 005 Tooth picks, 144 packs of 25 picks 006 Fluoride Gel 16oz Pins and Posts Pivots / Tenons: 001 Dentin pins 20 pins 002 Root canal posts intro kit Crowns: 001 Polycarbonate Crowns Set of 180 002 Ion Crowns Bicuspid set of 64 003 Ion Crowns Molar set of 64 UNICEF 135 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.2 Essential Clinical Support Services 3.3.2.1 Imaging Centre 3.3.2.2 Clinical Laboratory 3.3.2.3 Central Sterile Support 3.3.2.5 Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation 3.3.2.6 Pharmacy UNICEF 136 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.2.1 Imaging Centre Description/Activities: The imaging centre, also known as the Radiology Department, refers to the department in which diagnostic imaging is provided.
It is distinct from those in which radiotherapy and radiation oncology is carried out.

The latter service is not provided in first referral level hospitals of 50-100 beds, as the radiation treatment of malignant disease requires highly trained physicists and physicians who are specialized in radiotherapy and very complex, costly equipment.

This service should be available only in tertiary hospitals, also called regional hospitals.
The majority of patients will be ambulatory out-patients, but some will arrive on trolleys or in wheelchairs from the wards or the A&E department.
Most commonly the following functional areas are present in an imaging centre: 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception 04 Radiologist/Viewing 05 Staff Toilet 06 Sub-Waiting 07 Bucky Room 08 Ultrasound Room 09 Cubicle/change (5) 10 Fluoroscopy (optional) 11 Toilet 12 Dark Room 13 Store, chemicals, x-ray 14 Store, film, x-ray 15 Soiled Utility 16 Cleaner’s room UNICEF 137 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Waiting Activities: Waiting, In-patients: The waiting area for in-patients should be accessible by wheelchair, trolley and staff accompanying in-patients.

These patients should be scheduled, to prevent long waiting times and anxiety.

Waiting Out-patients: Sufficient space is required as it is not always possible to estimate the occupancy per day.

When possible, appointments should be made to avoid overloading this area.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m (*) 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 02.

Toilet Activities: For patient use.

Should be accessible by wheelchair.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 03.
Reception Activities: Q C M E 5 1 Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The reception desk should be located adjacent to the waiting area and reasonably close to the X-ray rooms.

The receptionist should be able to observe these rooms and also waiting patients.

The office for secretarial staff may be combined with reception desk.

Patients are received and registered here.

Appointments for advanced procedures and instructions for preparing patients (e.g.

barium meal) are made here.


It should liaise with the rest of the hospital regarding use of the X-ray department and prepping of patients.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 1 2 1 UNICEF 138 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 04.

Radiologist / Viewing Activities: This room should be close to the film developing area and enable the radiologist to report on X- rays.

It is equipped with an X-ray viewer, and a desk and chair as the minimum requirement.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 003 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 006 Viewer, double field, x-ray film Q C M E 1 1 1 2 1 2 C E 05.

Staff Toilet Activities: It is essential that a staff toilet and lockers are available within the X-ray department.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white (*) 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 06.

Sub-Waiting Activities: This area is equipped with seating space.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m (*) 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 07.
Bucky Room Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C Q C M E 1 1 X-rays use ionizing radiation, which poses a potential risk to personnel and patients.

The images (radiographs) are recorded on X-ray film, and most examinations can be done by a non-physician technician, at a doctor’s request.

X-rays can image the lungs, skeleton, kidneys, gall-bladder and bowel.

It should be the first choice of imaging equipment.
The X-ray room should be large enough to accommodate the equipment, as specified in the room by room list and will include the following: 1.

A rack for apron and gloves.

2.

A set of large/medium/small lead aprons.

3.

A mobile protective screen.

4.

A viewer, double field, X-ray film.

5.

A bucky with a vertical wall bucky stand.

6.

For the walls, flooring and doors refer to the fluoroscopy room description.
UNICEF 139 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 002 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 003 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 004 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 005 X-Ray, bucky, with vertical wall bucky stand 006 Viewer, double field, x-ray film 007 Screen, protective, mobile 008 Gloves, x-ray protection, pair, small 009 Gloves, x-ray protection, pair, medium 010 Gloves, x-ray protection, pair, large 011 Rack, aprons and glove 012 Apron, protective, small 013 Apron, protective, medium 014 Apron, protective, large 015 Set, aprons, protective gonad 016 Set, position aids, x-ray 08.
Ultrasound Room Activities: E E Q C M E 1 2 1 1 1 C 1 C 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 According to current knowledge, ultrasound carries no risk to patients or personnel, but most ultrasound examinations (scans) require the participation of a physician and may take 15 – 20 minutes.

Ultrasound images are not easy to record, so accurate patients’ records must be kept.

Training a technician to undertake ultrasound scanning requires 8 – 12 months experience in a busy ultrasound department.
Less training can result in serious errors.

Ultrasound cannot image the lungs or skeleton.

It is of greatest importance in obstetrics and for imaging the liver, kidneys, pancreas, gall-bladder and pelvic contents.

Ultrasound does not require any special building construction.

The room should contain a patient couch, firm but comfortable, a chair and at least 1m2 for the equipment.

Lighting must be dim, as bright light makes it difficult to examine a patient properly, but the room should not be to dark.
Hand washing facilities should be located either in the room or close by.

There must be a toilet close to the ultrasound room.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 003 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gasspring, mobile, st. st. 004 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 005 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 007 S0119300 Light,examination,mobile,220-12V (*) 008 Ultrasound, universal, basic Q C M E 1 C M 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 E E UNICEF 140 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 09.
Cubicle/change (5) Activities: Patients preparing for X-ray need this facility to change from their outside clothing into a patient gown.

Ensure that patient gowns are clean and readily available in the cubicle.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Gown, ward-type, adult, white (*) 002 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests Q C M E 1 1 10.
Fluoroscopy (optional) Activities: Barium preparation: A small area where barium should be stored and a work table should be provided to prepare barium for a barium meal and/or a barium enema.

Fluoroscopy: The fluoroscopy room walls should be of brick, concrete or gypsum plate.
The walls should have lead protection and the protection capability should adhere to the minimum standards required and calculated according to room size, distance to the nearest wall from vertical central beam, the ceiling height and estimated maximum number of examinations per year.

The floor should be completely level, waterproof, washable, and free of dust.

Doors should be wide enough for a bed ±120 cm wide.
The room should be capable of housing the following equipment, and have sufficient space to attend to patients around the X-ray equipment: 7.

Rack for apron and gloves.

8.

Set of large/medium/small lead aprons.

9.

A mobile protective screen.

10.

A viewer, double field, X-ray film.

11.

X-ray, radiology and fluoroscopy, basic.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Work table, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 Mixer, Barium, 2 l 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Footstool, one step, epoxy coated steel (*) 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 008 X-ray, radiology and fluoroscopy, basic 009 Viewer, double field, x-ray film 010 Screen, protective, mobile 011 Gloves, x-ray protection, pair, small 012 Gloves, x-ray protection, pair, medium 013 Gloves, x-ray protection, pair, large 014 Rack, aprons and glove 015 Apron, protective, small 016 Apron, protective, medium 017 Apron, protective, large 018 Set, aprons, protective gonad 019 Set, position aids, x-ray UNICEF 141 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 11.
Toilet Activities: A separate toilet facility for patients is required.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C 12.

Dark Room Activities: The dark room should be adjoining the X-ray room.

This should be a separate room, and no other work should be carried out here.

It is vital that the darkroom is not too close to the radiation source.
The size of the darkroom is determined by the size of processing equipment and the need to work in almost total darkness with only safe-light illumination.

There must be a separation between the wet area and the dry area.

The entrance to the darkroom should be close to the X-ray generator control, but it need not lead directly from the X- ray room.

The floor should be waterproof, level, washable and a floor drain is useful.
Door should be light-tight Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 003 Guillotine/trimmer 004 Bin, film storage 005 Developer, automatic 006 Light, safe, darkroom Q C M E 1 C 1 1 1 1 1 M E E 13.

Store, chemicals, X-ray Activities: These should be stored in containers and controlled.

The room should be close to where the chemicals are used.
Equipment: Sq 001 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Item description Q C M E 3 14.

Store, film, X-ray Activities: Unused X-ray film must be stored placed in the original light-tight boxes, away from heat, humidity and radiation.

Equipment: Sq 001 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Item description Q C M E 3 UNICEF 142 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 15.
Soiled Utility Activities: A soiled utility room should include facilities for the cleaning of dressing trolleys.

Other equipment should be included to test specimens of urine and record the results.

It is used for the disposal of liquid waste, and to temporarily store items requiring reprocessing or disposal.

It is a combined disposal unit, with worktop, and a clinical hand-wash facility is required.

Mechanical and natural ventilation should be provided.
The soiled utility should be adjacent to the X-ray room.

If possible, it should also be adjacent to the specimen toilet and include a hatch through which specimens can be passed.

This area is used as sluice, and dirty linen should be stored here to be collected by the laundry.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 003 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 004 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) Q C M E 1 1 1 C 1 C M 3 2 16.


Cleaner’s room Activities: The space and facilities provided should be sufficient for parking and moving cleaning machines and a cleaner’s trolley Cleansing of cleaning equipment and the disposal of fluids and used materials.

Hand-washing facilities are also required.

Shelving and vertical storage should not encroach on the working space or restrict access to the cleaner’s sink.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.
vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 X-ray film non-interleaved 18x 24cm 002 X-ray film non-interleaved 35 x35cm 003 X-ray film non-interleaved 35 x43cm 004 X-ray film non-interleaved 24 x 30 cm 005 X-ray cassettes with screens 18 x 24 cm 006 X-ray cassettes with screens 24 x 30 cm 007 X-ray cassettes with screens 35 x 35 cm 008 X-ray cassettes with screens 30 x 40 cm 009 X-ray cassettes with screens 35 x 43 cm 010 Chemical processing tank UNICEF 143 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 011 Lead rubber aprons 012 Gonad shield adult 013 Gonad shield child 014 X-ray developers concentrate 2 x 20l 015 X-ray liquid fixer 2 x 5L Capacity: One X-ray room and one dark room can handle up to 40 – 50 patients per day.
Because of the high cost of the equipment, it is better to increase the number of staff and to lengthen the working day rather than add additional rooms and more equipment.

Ultrasound takes ±15 – 20 minutes per investigation.

With the assumption that 2 patients can use the ultrasound per hour, for 8 hours per day and 300 working days a year, that will represent a capacity of ±4,800 patients.
Location: The diagnostic imaging area should be on the ground floor of the hospital, with easy, covered access for wheelchairs, patients trolleys and beds.

Its location close to the emergency section of the outpatient department is helpful, but easy access for all patients should be the first consideration.

A separate building is not necessary.


UNICEF 144 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.2.2 Clinical Laboratory Modern medicine is increasingly dependent on laboratory services for the prevention, diagnosis and control of diseases.
Pathology laboratories play a central role in the hospital and in community health services and the first referral level hospital should have an adequate laboratory service under the direction of a medically qualified pathologist.

Description/Activities: The specific functional requirements of the clinical laboratory, as well as their interaction, are laid out in the Figure 1 further down this section.
The shared facilities between the departments are grouped and described under the following headings: Patient areas Specimen reception area/ “out-of-hours” facility Working areas Staff facilities The clinical laboratory providing services for a first referral hospital should preferable consist of the following areas: 01 Waiting 02 Reception/Specimen Collection 03 Blood Sampling 04 Toilet 05 Blood Donation 06 Haematology and blood bank work area 07 Chief Laboratory 08 Staff Toilet 09 Chemistry work area 10 Bacteriology work area 11 Pathology work area 12 Glass Wash 13 Sterilisation, laboratory 14 Store laboratory 15 Store, chemicals, laboratory 16 Soiled Utility 17 Cleaner’s room UNICEF 145 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Waiting Activities: The patient areas must be separate from all laboratory working areas.

They should be adjacent to the haematology and clinical pathology departments and readily accessible from the microbiology department.

The location and layout of the patient areas must preclude unauthorised access to other areas of the laboratory complex.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m (*) 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 5 1 02.
Reception/Specimen Collection Activities: Main entrance, patient reception and waiting The main entrance for patients visiting the pathology department will be combined with the patient reception and waiting areas.

After reporting to the reception, patients wait until called to the adjacent consulting/examination/venepuncture rooms.

Waiting space should be sufficient to accommodate all visitors to the departments within the laboratory.
The reception point should provide space for at least two staff members at peak periods.

A counter and hatch are required and should overlook the waiting area.

Specimen reception area/ “out-of-hours” facility Normally the bulk of specimens for inside and outside the hospital are received at a main specimen reception point serving the pathology department.

From there they should be distributed to the appropriate departmental reception areas.
The reception point for specimens must be separate from the patient reception point and should not be part of a clerical office or in a public corridor.

Specimens should be delivered across a fixed counter (with a hatch) having smooth impervious surfaces, resistant to the damaging effects of disinfectants.

The area should have a washable floor and hand washing facilities.
Provision for an out of hours facility is required for access to cross-matched blood and for storing specimens and blood cultures taken outside normal working hours at 4°C, and approximately 37°C.

This area should be accessible without the need for entry into the laboratory areas.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C E 1 2 3 1 2 5 UNICEF 146 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 03.

Blood Sampling Activities: Venepuncture rooms The size and allocation of rooms for this purpose are described in the room-by-room list.
A proportion of patients attending as out-patients will require rapid results on laboratory investigations for diagnosis or treatment, and others will merely require blood specimens to be taken for subsequent testing.

Patients may also be referred to the hospital by general practitioners for samples of their blood and other specimens to be obtained for investigation.

The room should be adjacent to the waiting area.


Facilities are required for venepuncture and other procedures for obtaining specimens from patients.

There should be space for the patient to dress and undress, with assistance if necessary, and privacy.

Space should be sufficient for use by wheelchair patients, or mothers with prams.
Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Trolley, blood collection 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, with back support 005 Chair, blood collection 006 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 008 S0385000 Tourniquet, latex rubber, 75cm (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 1 1 5 04.
Toilet Activities: A toilet for patients, including one for disabled persons and also with facilities for specimen collection, is required, adjacent to the waiting area.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 05.

Blood Donation Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C This area is where the patient is made comfortable before donating blood.
It should be big enough to house the consumables that are used during the blood donation process.

The design of this room should incorporate sufficient space to accommodate the patient as well as the lab technician.
Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Trolley, blood collection 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 004 Chair, blood collection 005 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 006 S0385000 Tourniquet, latex rubber, 75cm (*) Q C M E 1 1 C M 1 1 1 1 UNICEF 147 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 06.
Haematology and blood bank work area Activities: Haematology is the study of the blood, its functions and disorders.

General haematology: Specimens of blood are subject to haemoglobin and platelet estimation and cell counting, using mechanised equipment.

The red cell sedimentation rate is assessed.

Numbers of blood specimens are spread on slices, stained and examined microscopically.

Bone marrow preparations are also examined microscopically.
Special Haematology: This section of the department examines the various factors which affect the clotting of blood.

Samples of blood are assayed individually for their ability to clot as compared to normal blood.

Specialized work on the study of enzymes, histo-chemical and serological studies, bone marrow processing, and the diagnosis of blood-borne parasite infection is frequently undertaken.

Some of these tests are often batched and performed on two or three days each week.
General haematology area: In this area bench space is provided for receiving specimens from the main specimen reception, for labelling specimens and recording specimens.

Space is needed for automated cell counter facilities to undertake routine haemoglobin and particle estimations.

These are located on adjacent worktops.

Cell-counting, film preparation, staining (and the preparation of stains), and sedimentation tests are also undertaken in this area.
A quiet and undisturbed area is required for the microscopic examination of stained slides.

Special haematology laboratory area: In this area special haematological procedures are carried out, for example, to check for blood coagulation disorder and abnormal haemoglobins.

Blood reception laboratory area: This comprises a reception area adjoining both a blood grouping and a cross-matching (compatibility testing) laboratory.
The reception area should be easily accessible for deliveries of blood from the Regional Blood Transfusion Centre.

Space is required for the storage of numerous blood transport boxes, and for recording and labelling of stock blood and specimens of patients blood received for grouping and cross-matching.

Un-cross-matched blood must be stored in blood bank refrigerators.
The blood reception laboratory area should be partitioned off from the main laboratory area in order to avoid disturbance to the work and the consequent risk of errors.

The former must be located near the entrance to the haematology department.

Blood grouping area: Blood is treated by manual and mechanised methods to establish the blood group.

The work requires the use of centrifuges, incubator, water bath, cell washers and mechanised grouping apparatus.
Test materials need to be kept refrigerated, or frozen.

Cross-matching area: Patients’ blood (of known group) is tested for compatibility with donors’ blood.

Blood which has been cross-matched is placed in a blood bank refrigerator reserved for this purpose.

Authorised personnel from the hospital require access to the Blood Bank at any time.
Blood grouping and cross-matching: Blood for transfusions is tested in the hospital laboratory for compatibility with the blood of the patient who is to be transfused and whose blood group will also need to be determined.

This work needs to be undertaken in an undisturbed environment in order to minimise the risk of error.

Mechanised equipment may sometimes be used.

Exceptionally, blood may be collected from donors in the vena-puncture room, under stringent conditions.
UNICEF 148 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Provision should be made for the following: Reception of specimens.

Blood transfusion activities, including blood grouping and cross-matching, are performed.

A blood bank for the storage of blood received from Regional Blood Transfusion Service, and for holding cross-matched blood is required.

A cold room for storage.
Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Refrigerator, 300 l + 85 l 002 Refrigerator, blood storage, 50 bags, 170 l 003 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 004 Table, laboratory, complete with all services, per meter, Trespa 005 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 006 S0948200 Counting Chamber, for hemacytometer (*) 007 Ren/Lab 060 ESR Glass tubes 008 Ren/Lab 058 Test tube rack, metal to hold 20 tubes/ dia.15mm 009 Pipette, WBC Diluting with white bead (*) 010 Pipette, RBC Diluting with white bead (*) 011 Drying rack for glass slides 012 S0957105 Microscope, binocular, 3 objectives (*) 013 Centrifuge, micro haematocrit, 12000 rpm (*) 014 Filtration system (*) 015 Counter, blood cell, differential 016 Coagulation measuring system, ball-method, automatic 017 S0000536 Hemoglobin meter (*) 018 Counter, haematology, automatic, 8 parameters 019 S0983400 Timer, 60 min (*) 020 Ren/Lab 060 Blood sedimentation unit, ESR-Westergren 021 Rotator, blood specimen 022 Set, blood group typing 023 Rhesus typing, box 024 Set, staining, manual 07.
Chief Laboratory Activities: Office space allocated for administration and staff matters Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 003 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) UNICEF 149 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 08.

Staff Toilet Activities: Separate staff changing areas is required for male and female staff.
Lockers for holding outdoor clothing and personal valuables under secure storage should be provided.

Hand washing and showering facilities are also required.

Clean protective clothing/white coats are issued from a clean linen store sited adjacent to the changing facilities.

Coat hooks and hand washing facilities are located at the exit of each laboratory.
Dirty protective clothing will be placed into linen bags (appropriately colour-coded) and laundry treated according to the policy for the laundering of contaminated linen.

A staff toilet with hand washing facilities should be provided adjacent to the changing rooms.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white (*) 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 09.
Chemistry work area Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C Test of blood and other samples by mechanised or manual processes for routine or emergency work is undertaken here.

Bench space is required for this work and the accompanying paperwork.

Cupboard space and shelves are required for storing “in-use” reagents, solutions in small and large volumes, disposables and miscellaneous small items of laboratory equipment.
All laboratory activity areas require hand washing facilities, strategically positioned, and arrangements for hanging up laboratory clothing.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Distilling apparatus, 8 l/h 002 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 003 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 004 Table, laboratory, complete with all services, per meter, Trespa 005 Cabinet, fume, complete with all services, 1.20 m, with fan 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 007 Ren/Lab 058 Test tube rack, metal to hold 20 tubes/ dia.15mm 008 Ren/Lab 025 pH Paper, Range 1-12 009 S0957105 Microscope, binocular, 3 objectives (*) 010 Centrifuge, general, 6 x 15 ml (*) 011 Shaker, VDRL, and general purpose 012 Balance, precision, 2200 g, <> 10 mg (*) 013 Balance, analytical, 300 g, <> 1 mg 014 Bath, water, precision, 15 l (*) 015 Bath, water, serology, precision, 7 l 016 Stirrer, hotplate, electric (*) 017 Analyzer, ELISA, automatic, single channel 018 Photometer, work station, complete 019 Meter, pH, bench top, digital 020 S0983400 Timer, 60 min (*) 021 Burner, Bunsen (*) UNICEF 150 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 10.
Bacteriology work area Activities: Bacteriology section: Most of the work involves the examination of specimens to aid in the diagnosis of infection by bacteria, parasites and fungi and, where necessary, test the sensitivity of organisms to the antibiotics used to treat patients.

Serological tests are performed to demonstrate the presence of antigens and the presence of a concentration of antibodies (e.g.

in case of HIV/AIDS).


Provision should be made for the following: The reception of specimens and carrying out of general bacteriological investigations, culture identification and sensitivity testing of organisms derived from urine, wound, genital, faecal and other miscellaneous specimens.

Tests include inoculation of appropriate liquid, semi-solid and solid culture media for the isolation and identification of micro-organisms and antibiotic susceptibility testing.
Slides are also prepared and stained and then examined microscopically.

Centrifugation of samples is done when necessary and preparation of inoculated media for anaerobic investigations when appropriate.

Investigation of hazard group 3 pathogens and materials which may contain them, and general bacteriological investigations on sputum specimens.

Examination of blood specimens submitted in blood culture bottles containing a liquid that sustains growth or organisms that may be present in the blood.
Sterilising, central wash-up, media preparation and plate pouring activities.

Department store.

Cold room/refrigeration facilities.

Staff offices and laboratory facilities.

General microbiology area: Space is required for the reception of specimens from the main specimen reception, sorting, checking, batching and labelling/numbering specimens and forms before dispatch to the appropriate workstation in the laboratory.
General bacteriological investigations comprising direct microscopy, culture identification and sensitivity testing of organisms which may be present in specimens sent to the laboratory are normally undertaken at various workstations allotted for work on particular types of specimens, e.g.

urines, wound and other swabs.

Space is required for bench and free standing equipment and for bench activities.
This includes the plating and inoculation of appropriate culture media for isolation and identification of micro- organisms and antibiotic sensitivity testing.

A centrifuge is required and these create noise and vibration problems and may interfere with other operations, for example the use of microscopes.

Their location must therefore be carefully considered.

Facilities will be required for staining slides and for their microscopic examination, including fluorescence microscopy.
Inoculated media must be incubated under highly controlled temperature and atmospheric conditions (e.g.

aerobically, anaerobically or in carbon dioxide atmospheres), to obtain growth of organisms.

A hot room maintained at 37°C and the use of separate incubators will therefore be necessary.

Adequate storage of “in-use” reagents, laboratory media and miscellaneous laboratory disposables and equipment is required.

Adequate refrigerator storage is also required.


Provision for hand washing and hanging of protective clothing near the entrance/exit to the laboratory are particularly important.

Sterilising, wash-up, media preparation and plate pouring area: These activities are inter-related.

They are best planned as a unit combining the sterilising and wash-up facilities with direct access to the media preparation room, which in turn has direct access to the media dispensing/plate pouring room.
Facilities are needed for: Disinfection of contaminated material before disposal, and of glass and plastic ware prior to cleaning or disposal.

Disposing of solid and liquid waste.

UNICEF 151 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Washing-up glassware by automatic machines or manually, including specialized glassware.

Capping cleansed tubes and containers and subsequent sterilisation.

Storing sterilised items and materials.


Preparing solid and liquid media in bulk.

Sterilising bulk media in laboratory autoclaves.

Storing bulk materials, such as dried media preparations on open shelves and under refrigerated conditions.

Filling of sterilised containers with prepared liquid media.

Storing of miscellaneous laboratory containers, tubes and caps, consumables and disposable items, labels and sundry items of minor equipment.

Drying glassware in drying cabinets and sterilising by dry heat.
Labelling prepared media, tubes and bottles.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 003 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 004 Table, laboratory, complete with all services, per meter, Trespa 005 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 006 Ren/Lab 058 Test tube rack, metal to hold 20 tubes/ dia.15mm 007 Drying rack for glass slides 008 S0957105 Microscope, binocular, 3 objectives (*) 009 Centrifuge, bacteriological, 7 x 6 ml 010 Rotator (*) 011 Balance, precision, 2200 g, <> 10 mg (*) 012 Bath, water, precision, shaking, 14 l 013 Incubator, 50 l, up to 70 °C 014 S0952415 Oven, drying cabinet, 53 l, up to 300 °C (*) 015 Hotplate 016 Filtration system (*) 017 Jar, anaerobic, valve manometer 018 S0983400 Timer, 60 min (*) 019 Applicator, sensitivity disc 020 Burner, Bunsen (*) 11.
Pathology work area Activities: Clinical pathology Clinical pathology is the study of the changes that occur in the chemical constitution and biochemical mechanisms of the body in disease.

Manual testing: This includes the entire non-mechanised test conducted both frequently and infrequently.

Part of this work may be designated as “emergency” and may be performed in a separate room.
Provision should be made for the following: Specimen reception/preparation/preliminary processing area and recording.

Testing of blood, urine, faecal and other specimens by mechanised or manual processes for routine or emergency (Stat test) work.

These tests include the measurement of electrolytes, enzymes, liver and renal function tests.

Storage/weighing/reagent-solution preparation and glass wash. A cold room.
UNICEF 152 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Specimen reception/preparation/preliminary processing area and recording area: Specimens are received from the main specimen reception, sorted, batched, labelled and numbered, and work sheets prepared.

Where appropriate, specimens are centrifuged and separated into suitable containers.

Subsequent handling should be within a microbiological safety cabinet if necessary.
Space is required for centrifuges, a laboratory sink, a microbiological safety cabinet, a refrigerator/freezer, and a cold plate.

Bench working space is needed to carry out a variety of paper work as well as serum/plasma separation, and for packing samples prior to dispatch to other laboratories for certain analyses.

A fume cupboard for preliminary processing of faeces and a sluice for disposal of urine and faecal residues is necessary.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Refrigerator, 300 l + 85 l 002 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 003 Table, laboratory, complete with all services, per meter, Trespa 004 Cabinet, fume, complete with all services, 1.20 m, with fan 005 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 006 Ren/Lab 058 Test tube rack, metal to hold 20 tubes/ dia.15mm 007 Drying rack for glass slides 008 S0745500 Scalpel handle, stainless steel, for No.22 blades (*) 009 S0957105 Microscope, binocular, 3 objectives (*) 010 Centrifuge, cytology, 8 x 15 ml, 12000 rpm 011 Balance, precision, 2200 g, <> 10 mg (*) 012 Bath, water, tissue 013 S0952415 Oven, drying cabinet, 53 l, up to 300 °C (*) 014 Oven, drying cabinet, 50 l 015 Microtome, rotating, paraffin and CO2 freezing 016 Maintenance kit, microtome knife 017 Embedding equipment, tissue, manual 018 Dispenser, wax, tissue embedding, 1.5 l 019 Plate, cooling, paraffin 020 Cabinet, storage, slides and wax block cassettes, 6000 021 Table, slide warming 022 S0983400 Timer, 60 min (*) 023 Set, staining, manual 024 Burner, Bunsen (*) 12.
Glass Wash Activities: A glass wash facility should be associated with the chemical storage and preparation area.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 Washer/disinfector, glassware, laboratory, small 006 Water-jet pump to clean pipettes (*) 007 Ren/Lab 055 Test tube brush Q C M E 2 1 C 1 C M 2 1 C M E 1 3 UNICEF 153 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 008 Ren/Lab 054 Brush for bottle and flasks 3 13.
Sterilisation, laboratory Activities: This area is used by all the different working areas and should be equipped to accommodate all the different activities that take place in the laboratory in the first referral hospital.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Sterilizer, steam, bench top, 0.25 x 0.45 m, w generator, w drying cycle 004 Basket, instruments, 0.12 x 0.25 x 0.06 m (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 3 M E 14.

Store laboratory Activities: The laboratory store should be of adequate size to accommodate the bulk of the renewable/consumable items that are used in the laboratory.
It is important to separate the bulk store items and the chemical store items.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 002 Bottle, suction, central vacuum, rail connection, 1.5 l 003 Bottle, suction, central vacuum, rail connection, 3 l 004 Clamp, test tube, spring wire, 125mm 005 S0415000 Bottle,dropping,amber,glass,10ml 006 Ren/Lab 048 Pipetting aid rubber ball 007 Beaker, glass, 100 ml 008 Ren/Lab 061 Beaker, glass, 250 ml 009 Beaker, glass, 1000 ml 010 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 100 ml (*) 011 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 250 ml (*) 012 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 500 ml (*) 013 Erlenmeyer flask, narrow mouth, heat-resistant glass, 1000 ml (*) 014 Measuring cylinder, graduated, glass, 50 ml 015 Measuring cylinder, graduated, glass, 250 ml 016 Measuring cylinder, graduated, glass, 500 ml 017 Measuring cylinder, graduated, glass, 1000 ml 018 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 100 ml (*) 019 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 250 ml (*) 020 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 500 ml (*) 021 Volumetric flask, with stopper, 1000 ml (*) 022 Ren/Lab 051 Centrifuge tube, un-graduated, 5 ml conical, thick glass 023 Test tube, glass, heat resistant, 75 x 11 mm (*) 024 Test tube, glass, heat resistant, 100 x 13 mm (*) 025 Test tube, glass, heat resistant, 150 x 15 mm (*) 026 Pipette, 2 ml (*) 027 Pipette, WBC Diluting with white bead (*) 028 Pipette, RBC Diluting with white bead (*) UNICEF 154 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 029 Pipette, volumetric, bulb, 1 ml (*) 030 Pipette, volumetric, bulb, 5 ml (*) 031 Pipette, graduated, 1 ml (*) 032 Pipette, graduated, 5 ml (*) 033 Pipette, graduated, 10 ml (*) 034 Glass rods, 150 x 4 mm 035 Funnel, glass, 60 mm diametre (*) 036 Funnel, glass, 100 mm diametre (*) 037 Funnel, glass, 120 mm diametre (*) 038 Dropping Bottles with Lugs and Ground Glass Stoppers, 30 ml (*) 039 Ren/Lab 001 Dropping Bottles with Lugs and
 Ground Glass Stoppers, 60 ml 040 Dropping Bottles with Ground Glass Stopper/Pipette, 30 ml (*) 041 Dropping Bottles with Ground Glass Stopper/Pipette, 50 ml (*) 042 Amber Glass Reagent Bottles, narrow mouth, 250 ml (*) 043 Amber Glass Reagent Bottles, narrow mouth, 500 ml (*) 044 Amber Glass Reagent Bottles, narrow mouth, 1000 ml (*) 045 Petri dish with lid, glass, 90 mm diametre (*) 046 Broad tipped forceps, Steel about 115mm long (*) 047 S2270500 Scissors all purpose, 180 mm (*) 048 Ren/Lab 023 Funnel, polyethylene, 60 mm diametre 049 Funnel, polyethylene, 150 mm diametre (*) 050 Funnel, polyethylene, 100 mm diametre (*) 051 Ren/Lab 046 Spatula for weighing chemicals 052 Ren/Lab 002 Wash bottle, polyethylene, 250 ml 053 Ren/Lab 038 Eppendorf Standard Pipetters, multipipette 054 Ren/Lab 032 Yellow pipetter tips, pack of 500 055 S0919020 Bottle,dropping,pipette,polyethyl.,50ml 056 Bottle, narrow mouth, screw cap, amber, polyethylene 250ml 057 Bottle, narrow mouth, screw cap, amber, polyethylene 500ml 058 Bottle, narrow mouth, screw cap, amber, polyethylene 1000ml 059 Bottle, specimen container, 10ml 060 Bottle, universal container, glass wide neck with aluminium scew cap, 25ml 061 Container, sputum specimen 062 Container, stool specimen 063 Jar, Coplin 064 Diluter / dispenser, manual (*) 065 Pipette, piston, set 7 sizes (*) 066 S0922100 Box,empty,for 100 microscope slides (*) 067 Capillary tubes, haematocrit, heparinized, pack 100 068 S0425200 Pipette,glass dropping,ungraduated 069 S0934001 Cover glass,microscope slides/BOX-100 (*) 070 Clamp, with holder for burette, adjustable 071 S0969000 Slide,microscope,plain,76x26mm/BOX-100 (*) 072 Stopper, different sizes, rubber or cork, set 200 15.
Store, chemicals, laboratory Activities: Chemical storage/weighing/reagent-solution preparation and glass wash.

Storage is required for reagents and solutions, flammable and toxic chemical and strong acids and bases.

UNICEF 155 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources It is important that the various classes of chemicals, for example flammables, oxidising agents, acids and bases should be stored in separate areas within this room.
A flammable liquids cabinet and poisons cabinet should be provided.

This room is also used for weighing and preparing reagents for use in the laboratory areas.

Provision should be made for storing glassware and other equipment used in this area, with adequate benching for both working and holding balances, mixers, stirrers, a hot plate and hot air oven.

A sink and refrigerator are required.

Provision for hand washing and hanging protective clothing should also be made.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 3 16.

Soiled Utility Activities: Facilities for the temporary holding of securely packed refuse and linen bags (appropriately colour-coded), should be provided.

The disposal of laboratory waste materials will depend on hospital policy and undertaken in accordance with the Health and Safety for the safe disposal of medial waste.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 003 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 004 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) Q C M E 1 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 17.


Cleaner’s room Activities: The cleaner’s room is the base from which domestic services staff provides a cleaning service to the pathology department.

There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials, the emptying and filling of buckets, and the routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink, which should have hot and cold water.
The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly and odours can be avoided or ventilated.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.
(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 UNICEF 156 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Figure 1: Elements of a Laboratory at First Referral Clinical pathology Specimen reception/preparation & preliminary processing laboratory General laboratory Special test laboratory Chemical storage/weighing/reagent-solution preparation area Cold room Consultant’s junior medical staff’s Department head office Secretarial office Laboratory store Shared accommodation Patient areas Main waiting Main reception Consulting/examination room(s) External flammable materials/gas store Vena puncture room(s) Patient’s WCs.
/specimen WCs Central wash up Secretarial Office (project option) Bulk store/storekeeper’ Autoclave area Specimen reception areas Disposal holding room Specimen reception 'Out of hour’s facility Cleaner’s (janitor’s) room Minor equipment maintenance area Work areas General office Computer room Office of pathology common services Coordinator Staff facilities Staff change/WCs/shower Staff room Library/seminar room Duty staff over night facility Haematology General laboratory Special test laboratory Cold room Consultant’s junior medical staff’s Department head office Secretarial office Laboratory store Blood transfusion Reception Blood grouping laboratory Blood cross-matching laboratory Department head Microbiology General laboratory Bacterial & antibiotic laboratory Blood culture laboratory Sterilizing, wash-up Media preparation Media/plate pouring Hot room Cold room Consultant’s junior medical staff’s Department head office Secretarial office Laboratory store UNICEF 157 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.
Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).

Also note that there might be duplication of items allocated under renewable/consumable and equipment.
Item description Sq 001 Ren/Lab-001 Bottel,Drop,plastic,60ml 002 Ren/Lab-002 Bottle, swan neck jet, plastic, 250ml 003 Ren/Lab-003 Tube, Capillary, Heparinised, 75mm 004 Ren/Lab-004 Container, Protection (blood sampling system) 005 Ren/Lab-005 Blood Sampling Vacutainer Holder 006 Ren/Lab-006 Blood Sampling Needle 20 G, disposable, sterile 007 Ren/Lab-007 Blood Sampling Needle 21 G, disposable, sterile 008 Ren/Lab-008 Blood Sampling Scalp vein 23 G, disposable, sterile 009 Ren/Lab-009 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum 5ml (Vacutainer) 010 Ren/Lab-010 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum Heparinised 5ml (Vacutainer) 011 Ren/Lab-011 Blood Sampling Tube, Vacuum EDTA 5ml (Vacutainer) 012 Ren/Lab-012 Counting Chamber, Fusch-Rosenthal, simple grid 013 Ren/Lab-013 Counting Chamber, Kovaslide, Plastic, Disposable 014 Ren/Lab-014 Counting Chamber, Neubauer, Double Grid 015 Ren/Lab-015 Container, Sample, sputum, plastic, non-sterile 016 Ren/Lab-016 Container, Sample, urine, plastic, non-sterile, 60 ml 017 Ren/Lab-017 Cover Glass, 22 x 22 mm 018 Ren/Lab-018 Cover Glass, Planed, for counting chamber, 20 x 26 mm 019 Ren/Lab-019 Measuring, plastic, graduated, cylindrical, spout, 100 ml 020 Ren/Lab-020 Measuring, plastic, graduated, cylindrical, spout, 250 ml 021 Ren/Lab-021 Measuring, plastic, graduated, cylindrical, spout, 1 liter 022 Ren/Lab-022 Film Sealing, plastic, (Parafilm), roll, 10 cm x 38 m 023 Ren/Lab-023 Funnel, plastic, 60 mm diam., short end 024 Ren/Lab-024 Lancet, disposable, sterile, standard type 025 Ren/Lab-025 Paper, pH Indicator, strip 026 Ren/Lab-026 Paper, Whatmann, n 3, disc 027 Ren/Lab-027 Paper, Whatmann, n 4, disc 028 Ren/Lab-028 Paper, Whatmann, n 4 sheet 029 Ren/Lab-029 Pencil, grease, red, glass writing 030 Ren/Lab-030 Pipette, Automatic, adjustable volume, 10 - 100 µ1 031 Ren/Lab-031 Tip Blue, Pipette, Automatic, 100 - 1000 µl, 032 Ren/Lab-032 Tip Yellow, Pipette, Automatic, 5 to 100 µl 033 Ren/Lab-033 (DAT test) Autom.
Pipette, multichannel, 8 chann., 10-100 µ1 034 Ren/Lab-034 Pipette Filler, With Thumb-Wheel Lever, 10ml 035 Ren/Lab-035 Pipette Filler, With Thumb-Wheel Lever, 2ml 036 Ren/Lab-036 Pipette, Pasteur, glass, sterile, with cotton plug, 230mm 037 Ren/Lab-037 PEN, diamond, glass writing 038 Ren/Lab-038 (DAT test) COMBITIP (Eppendorf), for multipipette, 2.5 ml 039 Ren/Lab-039 PIPETTE, plastic, graduated (=>1 ml, 1/100) 040 Ren/Lab-040 PIPETTE, plastic, graduated (=>10 ml, 1/10) 041 Ren/Lab-041 UNOPETTE, white blood cells 042 Ren/Lab-042 PLATE, MICROTITRATION, 96 wells, U-shaped bottom 043 Ren/Lab-043 (DAT test) Plate, Micro-titration, 96 wells, V-shaped bottom 044 Ren/Lab-044 Rod, glass, 250 mm, diam.
6-7 mm 045 Misc/inj/s-007 Set, Blood taking, bag (150 ml) 046 Misc/inj/s-008 Set, Blood taking, bag (250 ml) 047 Ren/Lab-045 SLIDE, 76 x 26 mm, 1-1.2 mm thickness UNICEF 158 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 048 Slides (special) for VDRL 049 Ren/Lab-046 Spatula, double, for analysis, stainless steel 050 Ren/Lab-047 (Spectrophotometer) MICROCUVETTE, plastic, disposable 051 Ren/Lab-048 TEAT, latex, for pipette, 1 ml 052 Ren/Lab-049 Transport Medium, For Aerobic Germs, swab + medium 053 Ren/Lab-050 Tube, SAMPLE, 001 054 Ren/Lab-051 Tube, centrifuge, 15 ml, conical bottom, glass 055 Ren/Lab-052 Tube, centrifuge, 15 ml, conical bottom, plastic 056 Ren/Lab-053 Tube, centrifuge, 15 ml, conical bottom, Sterile plastic 057 Ren/Lab-054 (Tube, centrifuge) BRUSH 058 Ren/Lab-055 (Tube, haemolysis) BRUSH 059 Ren/Lab-056 Tube, Haemolysis, 12 mm, plastic, sterile, 5 ml, + Plug 060 Ren/Lab-057 (Tube, centrifuge) Holder, wood 061 Ren/Lab-058 Tube, centrifuge) Stand 062 Ren/Lab-059 (Tube, haemolysis) Stand 063 Ren/Lab-060 Westergren Apparatus, complete, pipettes 300 mm 064 Ren/Lab-061 Beaker, Plastic, 250 ml, graduated 065 Ren/Lab-062 Lamp, spirit, 65-100 ml, complete, wick 7 mm diam 066 Ren/Lab-063 Microloop, Pasteur, handle + loop, nickel chromium 067 Ren/Lab-064 Mortar, porcelain 150 ml + Pestle 068 Ren/Lab-065 Paper, Lens Cleaning, sheet UNICEF 159 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.2.3 Central Sterile Supply Department Description/Activities: The central sterile supply department (CSSD) is a centralised area for processing all soiled, contaminated items from the hospital such as basins, bottles and containers, reusable medical devices, surgical instruments, textiles, treatment trays, tubing etc.
The primary activities performed within the central sterile supply department are: Receiving Cleaning Disinfecting Inspecting and maintenance Packing Sterilising Process control, verification and documentation Storing Dispatching and distributing A designated person(s) should be responsible for process control, verification, auditing and documentation.
Staff handling soiled, contaminated items must be fully conversant with hospital or recognised guidelines regarding potential infection risks, safe handling precautions, incident and treatment reporting procedures.

A designated person(s) should be responsible for documenting (hardcopy and/or electronically) the entire sterilisation process such as - but not limited to: Inventory control of soiled, contaminated items received.

Instrument maintenance and defect reporting.


 Sterilisation process record-keeping.

 Process verification, documentation and reporting.

 Inventory control of sterile items issued.

Ideally the CSSD should be situated adjacent or close to the primary source of soiled, contaminated items, in order to minimise movements and sources of potential contamination.
Similarly, the CSSD should be adjacent or close to the hospital laundry to minimise movements of items.

The functional layout of the CSSD should incorporate physical barriers that separate “clean” areas from “soiled” areas to prevent cross-contamination.

The CSSD encompasses the following: 01 Receiving/Washing, CSSD 02.
Non-Sterile Supply 03 Packing/sterile area 04 Autoclave (2) 05 Sterile store/issuing 06 Staff Change 07 Toilet UNICEF 160 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Receiving/Washing, CSSD Activities: Act as an initial receiving area for soiled items.

Area for inspection and sorting prior to cleaning, disinfection and/or soaking.

Soiled items may either be cleaned manually (instrument cleaning sink) or mechanically (ultrasonic instrument cleaner).
Chemical agents may be used to assist the cleaning process, e.g.

detergents (to remove hardened deposits, proteins) or disinfectants (to kill bacteria, fungi, spores and viruses).

Rinsing, drying, final inspection and maintenance (instrument lubrication) are done prior to transfer to the packing area.

The receiving/washing area should be physically separated from other areas of the central sterile supply, to prevent cross-contamination.
The flooring must be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Pistol, spray cleaning 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 Cleaner, ultrasonic, 1 tank of 6 l, bench top Q C M E M 1 2 C 2 C M 2 1 02.
Non-Sterile Supply Activities: Storage area for non-sterile items such as packing and wrapping material, sutures, swabs, textiles and items for inclusion in instruments packs/sets prior to sterilisation.

The store should be equipped with shelving of a suitable size and dimensions to segregate and store non-sterile items.

There should be clear, unrestricted access to the non-sterile supply, suitable for manoeuvring trolleys in and out.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 2 5 03.

Packing/sterile area Activities: Cleaned and decontaminated items are sorted and either individually packed or placed into instrument packs/sets.

Items to be sterilised are either wrapped, placed in paper bags, heat-sealable pouches, open wire baskets or closed containers, as appropriate.
Appropriate process control indicators must be incorporated during the packing procedure to verify and audit the sterilisation process.

Consumable materials such as swabs, sutures etc.

are added to instrument packs/sets as required.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Work table, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 004 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 005 Dispenser, indicator tape, sterilizer, 2 rolls 006 Sealer, heat, manual, bags and pouches, bench top Q C M E 2 C 3 3 1 1 1 E UNICEF 161 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 04.
Autoclave (2) Activities: Pre-operational functional check of the autoclaves.

Routine functional checks of the autoclaves, such as (but not limited to) water supply, indicators, safety interlocks, door seals, temperature/pressure, chamber pre-heating, and Vacuum & Bowie Dick test.

Loading of autoclave.

Selection of appropriate sterilisation process, e.g.

flash programme, plastics and rubber, prions, textiles, unwrapped or wrapped instruments, etc.
Unloading and transportation to the sterile store/issuing.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Water, filter 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Sterilizer, steam, 1 door, 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.60 m, w generator 006 Basket, instruments, 0.24 x 0.25 x 0.06 m (*) 007 Basket, instruments, 0.12 x 0.25 x 0.06 m (*) 008 Box, with basket for instruments, 0.30 x 0.29 x 0.11 m 009 Drum, sterilizing, st. st., 15 x 15 cm 010 Drum, sterilizing, st. st., 20 x 15 cm (*) 011 Box, with basket for instruments, 0.30 x 0.29 x 0.14 m 012 Box, with basket for instruments, 0.30 x 0.29 x 0.21 m Q C M E 1 M 1 4 1 2 C M E 2 3 2 3 1 2 1 05.
Sterile store/issuing Activities: This is a storage area for processed, sterile items and a store for brought-in sterile products.

The store must be equipped with shelving of a suitable size and dimensions to enable the segregation and storing of sterile goods.

There should be clear, unrestricted access to the sterile store/issuing room suitable for manoeuvring distribution trolleys in and out.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 004 Trolley, cssd packs transport, st. st. Q C M E 1 5 1 1 06.

Staff Change Activities: This is a staff changing facility with lockers for the safe storage of personal items.

The room must have storage facilities for protective clothing (e.g.
boots/clogs, caps/hairnets, gloves, overcoats etc).

The room must be supplied with a trolley for the collection and disposal of used protective clothing.

The flooring must be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.

UNICEF 162 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 07.

Toilet Activities: Q C M E 1 1 10 1 This is a staff toilet fitted with a wash-hand basin with hot and cold water.

It is for staff use, before entering the central sterile department.

Staff must be fully conversant with hospital or recognised guidelines governing cross- contamination, with respect to personal hand-washing hygiene.
It should be situated outside of the department so that it can be entered via the staff changing room directly, in order to maintain hygienic integrity.

The flooring should be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.
Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Renewable/Consumables: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Item description Sq 001 Biological indicators for process verification, single use, for steam sterilization.

002 Bowie-Dick test pack (Applicable standards EN 867-3, BS 7720) for process verification, single use, for steam sterilization.
003 Crepe paper (Applicable standards EN 868-2, DIN 58953 Part 5, BS 6254) & Non-woven wrapping sheets (Applicable standards EN 868-2, DIN 58953 Part 15 Draft) to pack instrument and laundry sets or other larger items.

004 Heat protective gloves.

005 Heat-sealable paper bags for steam sterilization (Applicable standards EN 868-4, DIN 58953 Part 3, BS 6257).
006 Heat-sealable, see-through pouches & rolls (Applicable standards EN 868-5, DIN 58953 Part 4, BS 6871) for packing individual instruments, smaller sets and other items.

Instrument lubricant spray, physiological inert, water soluble for instrument lubrication & maintenance.

007 008 Process indicator tape, single use, for steam sterilization.

009 Protective clothing such as boots/clogs, caps/hairnets, gloves, overcoats etc.
010 TST (Time Steam Temperature) process indicator strips, single use, for steam sterilization.

UNICEF 163 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.2.4 Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation (optional) Description/Activities: For the purpose of this document, physiotherapy and rehabilitation are grouped together and the combined department is marked as optional.

Basic physiotherapy: The majority of the activities will take place at the patient’s bedside.
These activities are post-operative respiratory physiotherapy, passive and active exercises for orthopaedic patients, etc.

Basic rehabilitation: The objective is to return a patient to the comfort of home with the highest level of achievable independence.

After a stroke, injury or disease, patients may have weakness on one side or in specific parts of the body.

They may have problems with their vision, reading, speech, memory, balance, posture and mobility.
The WHO programme on disability and rehabilitation provides support to Member States for policy development with special focus on chronic condition and support for integrating rehabilitation into Primary Health Care through Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) strategy, with special attention to chronic conditions.

This department is a small physiotherapy and rehabilitation unit.
It consists of: 01 Waiting Toilet 02 Reception/Nurse 03 Staff Change 04 Staff Toilet 05 Clean Utility 06 Patient Change 07 08 Shower 09 Gymnasium 10 11 12 Toilet (wheelchair access) Soiled Utility Cleaner’s room UNICEF 164 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Waiting Activities: Sufficient seating should be available, close to the reception area.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Seating, 4 seats on frame, with table, 2.50 m (*) 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 5 1 02.

Toilet Activities: This facility should be separated for male and female patients and should accommodate disabled patients.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 03.
Reception Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Patients should be welcomed and seated according to the appointment system.

The unit should be run according to scheduled appointments so that the waiting area is not over-crowded.

Sufficient space for wheelchairs and a seating area should be available.

It is vital that the area is easily accessible and visible.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 1 2 1 04.

Staff Change Activities: There should be sufficient lockers for staff personal belongings and adequate hanging space for clothing, etc.

A separate toilet facility should be allocated for staff.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.

002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 10 1 UNICEF 165 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 05.

Staff Toilet Activities: Separate staff toilet.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Hand dryer, electric (optional) 002 Towel, hand, white (*) 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 06.

Clean Utility Activities: Q C M E 1 C E 1 1 C 1 C A clean utility area with a wash hand basin.

Used for the management of linen and must contain sufficient work and storage space for linen.

Renewable/consumables could also be stored here.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 1 C M 2 07.

Patient Change Activities: If a patient needs to undress, they can use this area.

A sufficient number of clean patient gowns must be kept for patient use.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 002 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 08.

Shower Activities: A shower facility is useful, but not essential.

Equipment: Sq 001 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Item description 09.

Gymnasium Activities: Q C M E 3 1 Q C M E 1 C This area could be used by several patients.
The gymnasium should be used for muscle exercise, cardio vascular improvement, space orientation, assisted walking, and passive movement exercise, etc.

These treatment areas are equipped with a couch and allow one-to-one treatment of patients.

Equipment could be taken out of the gymnasium area and additional equipment could be purchased if needed.
UNICEF 166 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 002 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 003 S0184500 Couch, examination, enamelled st. frame, adjustable head (*) 004 Couch, massage, chromium frame, physiotherapy, multi pos, manual 005 Parallel bars, 4.00 m 006 Stairs, exercise, right angle version 007 Stairs, exercise, straight version 008 Bicycle, exercise 009 Table, traction, complete with accessories 010 Wheel, shoulder 011 Roller, wrist 012 Bench, Swedish 013 Mirror, correcting, 3 sections, mobile 014 Bars, wall 015 Mat, exercise, gymnasium 016 Dumb bells, set, iron, 1 to 5 kg 017 Pulley exercise station, wall mount 018 Rack, storage 019 Ball, exercise, physio 020 Exerciser, grip 021 Peddler 022 Treadmill, rehabilitation 023 Walker, adult 024 Walker, child 025 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) Q C M E 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 4 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 10.
Toilet wheelchair access Activities: It is vital to have wheelchair access to toilets because the majority of patients will need this facility.

Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 11.

Soiled Utility Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C Soiled utility room functions are unpleasant, so they should be accommodated separately from the disposal room, if possible.
It is used as a disposal area if a disposal room is not allocated, a temporary storage point for all items of supplies and equipment or destruction (e.g.

linen and sterile service department items).

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) Q C M E 3 1 1 UNICEF 167 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Towel, hand, white (*) 007 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 008 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 009 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 010 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 1 C 1 C M 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 12.

Cleaner’s room Activities: The janitor/cleaner’s room is the base from which domestic services staff provide a cleaning service to the department.

There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials, emptying and filling of buckets, and routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.

There should be unrestricted access to the sink, which should have hot and cold water.
The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly and an extractor fan to rid the room of odours.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.
(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).
Item description Sq 001 S0305000 Apron, protection, plastic, reusable 002 Gel, massage 003 S0330011 Gloves, exam, latex, medium, disp 004 Oxygen, nasal cannula 005 Pillow case 006 Pillows 007 Sheet, draw, white 008 S0552000 Soap,toilet,bar,approx.110g, wrapped 009 S0551004 Soap-box,plastic,2-piece 010 Towel Bath 011 Towel Hand Capacity: Depending on the floor space, scheduled used of equipment and staff availability, this department should be able to accommodate ± 10 patients at any given time during operational hours.
Location: The physiotherapy and rehabilitation department should preferably be situated on the ground floor.

The unit can be used by out-patients as well as in-patients.

It should be accessible to people with disabilities and provide for wheelchair and trolley access.
UNICEF 168 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.2.5 Pharmacy Description/Activities: A hospital pharmacy department essentially provides a dispensing service to in-patient wards, departments and the out-patient department.

The pharmacist is responsible for the purchase, storage and dispensing of all drugs and of bulk pharmaceutical preparations, disinfectants and sterile solutions.
The pharmacy services the pharmaceutical requirements of the hospital.

It contains the following areas: Receiving, pharmacy 01 Outpatient issues/hatch 02 03 Office 04 Bulk Store, pharmacy 05 Dispensing 06 Counter ward issue 08 Toilet 09 Cleaner’s room UNICEF 169 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Out-patient issues/hatch Activities: Depending on the out-patient clinic’s attendance and scheduling, TTO medicines are issued via a counter with a serving hatch.

A system should be in place to prevent congestion at the counter and allow patients to collect their medicines.

The policy should be strict and staff should be alert to prevent any misuse and abuse of medicines.

The protocol should be adhered to, and only prescription medicines allowed to be dispensed here.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 005 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) Q C M E 2 C 1 3 1 2 02.

Receiving, pharmacy Activities: Ensure that two people receive and check supplies.

Check delivery note, packing list and contents against copy of order.
Check contents and number of boxes against the packing list.

Check the outer and inner packaging to make sure it is intact, and for signs of damage, breakage, leaks, etc.

Check that labels are legible and include complete information.

Check the temperature monitor.

Check the expiry date.

File the delivery documents, according to policy, when unpacking the received pharmaceutical items.

Special care and provision for the security of dangerous drugs must be ensured.
The entrance to the receiving and delivery area should be locked and only opened under supervision.

The corridors must allow for easy turning of wheeled vehicles.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0005007 Truck,trolley,platform,manual,1000kg 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose ,st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) Q C M E 1 2 1 1 1 03.
Office Activities: The pharmacist has overall responsibility and control of the pharmacy.

Administrative tasks as well as desk work takes place in this area.

Orders are generated for the items required and audited by a competent person.

Control of stock levels and of unfulfilled orders takes place here.

Filing cabinets are provided for record keeping.

A lockable door provides security.


UNICEF 170 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Secretarial functions include filing, report writing, correlation of delivery notes and record keeping.

Staff records such as leave and sick leave administration are catered for in this area.

A work desk and filing cabinet are provided for record keeping.

A telephone link may be provided to this controlled area.

This area is also secured by a locked door.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 1 2 1 04.
Bulk Store, pharmacy Activities: Pharmaceuticals are taken to the bulk store where they are repacked onto shelving or pallets.

Responsibility for stock control and the store room should be assigned and written procedures should be developed.

The store should always be kept clean and organized to protect sterile items.

Maintain ‘First In First Out’ policy.

Store drugs and medical disposables separately.

Temperature control for items should be adhered to and the cold-chain maintained.
Keep comprehensive updated records of stock.

Stock records of activities should be kept up-to-date regarding (ordering, receiving and issuing stock).

Any stock discrepancy should be reported to the pharmacist.

Random checks should be carried out to maintain control.

Sufficient storage and floor space is provided for the needs of a ± 100-bed hospital.

Access to this area should be secure.

Dangerous drugs must be secured.

Fire proofing must be provided, as many inflammable substances are stored here.
Bulk quantities of dangerous goods should not be held in the pharmacy but should be drawn from a remotely located store.

Finishes must be impervious to acid and alkali and easy to clean.

The pharmacy keeps controlled drugs, poisons and other drugs liable to misuse.

These are subject to statutory regulations.

Provision should be made for an alarm system to guard against intrusion and theft.

Traffic within the department must be economical and flexible.
The size of the store is determined by its organization and operation policies.

Store records are maintained according to policy, but every health facility needs a system for recording stock movement.

This is important because errors caused by poor recording will affect service delivery.

UNICEF 171 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Notes: Ensure that each item and each item unit pack, size, strength, etc.

has its own stock card (e.g.


disposable needles stored according to size), as follows: Item: name of the product.

Code no: as per policy if used.

Strength/size of the item (e.g.

24 G needles) Unit/pack size: no of units in each pack (e.g.

100 needles/box).

Lead time, order quantity, minimum level, maximum level, reserve stock level.

The quantities used or received should be recorded each time there is a transaction.

Calculate and record the new stock balance.


Record important information in the remarks column, e.g.

expiry date, special conditions for storage, price, supplier, stock take count, unexplained gains and losses.

All transactions should be initialled.

Flammables: Storage of flammable materials such as volatile materials and alcohol are stored in an area that is constructed according to fire safety regulations.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Refrigerator, 650 l 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 005 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) Q C M E 3 2 C 2 10 3 E 05.

Dispensing Activities: Dispensing should be done by a qualified registered individual.

The pharmacist is still ultimately responsible for the management of the pharmacy.
Dispensed items should be initialled and noted according to hospital policy.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Distilling apparatus, 8 l/h 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 004 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 008 Balance, analytical, 200 g, <> 0.1 mg 009 Powder and tablet packing machine 010 Counter, tablets, manual 011 Mortar and pestle, set Q C M E 1 M E 2 3 C 1 C M 5 2 1 1 1 1 2 E E UNICEF 172 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 06.
Counter-ward Activities: The issuing of pharmaceuticals to the hospital takes place in this area.

Validated orders are submitted to the issuing area.

Work tables are provided for manual dispensing activities.

Shelving provides storage.

A trolley is provided for restocking pharmacy carts for ward areas and theatres.

This area should be secured to prevent the access of unauthorised persons.

According to the hospital policy, medication prescribed to in-patients will be dispatched to specific departments.
Policy and procedure to be followed when habit forming drugs are dispensed to the ward.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purposes, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. Q C M E 1 1 C 1 2 08.

Toilet Activities: Toilet facilities are provided for staff, with hand washing facilities.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 09.

Cleaner’s room Activities: Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C The cleaner’s room is the base from which domestic services staff provide a cleaning service to the pharmacy.

There should be easy access to cleaning equipment and materials, emptying and filling of buckets, and routine servicing and cleaning of equipment.
There should be unrestricted access to the sink, which should have hot and cold water.

The room should be well ventilated so that equipment can dry quickly and an extractor fan installed to rid the room of odours.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.
(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 UNICEF 173 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials and are not limited to utilization in this area.

Furthermore, no pharmaceuticals have been planned (e.g.

drugs, vaccines, IV fluids, injections or medication).

Item description Sq 001 Absorbent material, Chemical sorbent roll, Absorbency approx.
~ 25litres/roll.

002 Chemical disinfectant(s).

003 Cleaning material(s).

004 Colour coded, heavy duty waste disposal bags with secure closure ties 005 House keeping gloves.

Capacity: The number of in-patients and out-patients that the facility pharmacy should cater for is influenced by the following factors: occupancy levels.

the numbers of outpatients.

the materials management policy of the facility (e.g.

frequency of supply).


Location: The pharmacy must be located so that it is: Accessible to the out-patient department.

Convenient for dispensing.

Accessible to the central delivery yard.
UNICEF 174 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3 Essential Non-Clinical Support Services 3.3.3.1 Laundry and Linen 3.3.3.2 Kitchen 3.3.3.3 Central Store 3.3.3.4 Housekeeping (Domestic Hygiene) 3.3.3.5 Waste Management 3.3.3.6 Engineering and Maintenance 3.3.3.7 Transport 3.3.3.8 Mortuary UNICEF Essential Non-Clinical Support Services/FRL/F.D/Section 2 175 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.1 Laundry and Linen Description/Activities: On-the-premises laundering should provide cost savings, convenience and flexibility.
It eliminates pick-up, delivery times and lengthy turn-around time.

Consequently, laundry is cleaned on site, at the facility’s discretion and as required.

Emergencies can be handled quickly and efficiently.

The best on-premises laundry is one that is tailored to the needs of the health care facility it serves.

The present description provides a guideline and checklist for an in-depth analysis of the facility needs and requirements.
The basic laundry facility provides and takes responsibility for collection of soiled linen, receiving, transport to the laundry room, sorting, treatment (including disinfection of infected linen), washing/extraction drying and finishing, folding but also repair and distribution of all hospital linen, including staff uniforms, to the various users through the hospital, with the inclusion of the surgical and delivery suites.
Although soiled linen has been identified as a source of large numbers of pathogenic micro- organisms, the risk of actual disease transmission appears negligible.

Rather than rigid rules and regulation, hygienic and common-sense storage and processing of clean and soiled linen are recommended.

Other important planning considerations may include the selection of manufacturers, the type and amount of equipment.

Quality laundry systems make a facility virtually maintenance free.
The laundry and linen department consists of the following rooms as a minimum: 01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

11.

Soiled Linen, Sorting Infected Linen Pre-wash Store, chemicals, laundry Washing/Drying Processing, clean work area Store, clean linen and issuing Sewing and repairs Cleaner’s room Staff Change (10) Toilet Office UNICEF 176 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Soiled Linen, Sorting Activities: Soiled linen should be handled as little as possible and with minimum movement to prevent gross microbial contamination of the air and of persons handling the linen.

All soiled linen should be bagged or put into carts at the location where it was used.

It should not be sorted or pre- rinsed in patient-care areas.

Linen soiled with blood or body fluids should be deposited and transported in bags that prevent leakage.
Recommendations and precautions for handling soiled linen from patients on isolation have been published.

If laundry chutes are used, linen should be bagged, and chutes should be properly designed.

Control Measures: soiled linen should be transported in the hospital by cart or chute.

It may or may not be sorted in the laundry before being loaded into washer/extractor units.
Sorting before washing protects both machinery and linen from the effects of objects in the linen and reduces the potential for the recontamination of clean linen that sorting after washing requires.

Sorting after washing minimizes the direct exposure of laundry personnel to infective material in the soiled linen and reduces airborne microbial contamination in the laundry.

Equipment is arranged to provide an orderly workflow and to minimise cross traffic between clean and soiled linen operations.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Trolley, with tub, laundry 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Marker, laundry 004 Scale, platform, 200 kg, <> 1 kg Q C M E 6 2 C 1 1 E 02.

Infected Linen Pre-wash Activities: Linen labelled as infectious is handled in a dedicated washer to prevent cross contamination.

Protective apparel and appropriate ventilation can minimize these exposures.
The microbicidal action of the normal laundering process is affected by several physical and chemical factors: dilution removes significant amounts of microbial organisms, maintenance of a temperature of 71 C for a minimum of 25 minutes and the use of chlorine bleach are among these factors.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, box wet-laundry, polymer 002 Washer/extractor, 16 kg, electrical heated 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 03.
Store, chemicals, laundry Activities: Q C M E 3 1 C M E 1 Should provide storage for bulk supplies of detergents and bleach.

Sufficient shelving should be provided.

The bleach containers should be stored upright.

The store should be accessible for deliveries.


Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purposes, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Soap container, mobile 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 2 1 2 UNICEF 177 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 04.

Washing/Drying Activities: The washing/drying area, as the name implies, handles the washing, hydro extraction of laundry and the drying thereof.
The location of the equipment is designed to facilitate the smooth flow of laundry through washing to drying.

Dedicated laundry trolleys wheel quantities of laundry to the washing machines from the sorting and weighing areas.

After washing, the laundry can be transferred into a hydro extractor to reduce the amount of water prior to drying by tumble dryer.

The laundry may be required to process bed linen, items of clothing such as staff uniforms, patient gowns, sterile drapes and coverings from theatre.
The capacity of the laundry should match the total load of laundry anticipated.

Soaps or detergents loosen soil and also have some micro-biocidal properties.

Hot water provides an effective means of destroying micro-organisms, and a temperature of at least 71 C (160 F) for a minimum of 25 minutes is commonly recommended for hot-water washing.

Chlorine bleach provides an extra margin of safety.
The last action performed during the washing process is the addition of a mild acid to neutralize any alkalinity in the water supply, soap, or detergent.

The rapid shift in Ph from approximately 12 to 5 may also inactivate some micro-organisms.

Low-temperature laundry cycles rely heavily on the presence of bleach to reduce levels of microbial contamination.
A satisfactory reduction of microbial contamination can be achieved at lower water temperatures of 22-50 C when the running of the machine, the wash formula, and the amount of chlorine bleach are carefully monitored and controlled.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Dryer/Tumbler, 24 kg, electrical heated, single door 002 Trolley, box wet-laundry, polymer 003 Hydro-extractor, spin dryer, 18 kg 004 Washer/extractor, 16 kg, electrical heated 05.
Processing, clean work area Activities: Q C M E 3 C M E 2 1 C M E 3 C M E The processing area is the area where the ironing of clean laundry takes place.

Industrial flat bed ironing machines press linen before it is folded at a worktable.

Storage is provided on shelves.

Smaller items are ironed on ironing boards.

Again the capacity of the processing area must take account of the weight of laundry required in total.
Regardless of whether hot or cold water is used for washing, the temperatures reached in drying and especially during ironing provide additional significant microbicidal action.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Flat work ironer, 2.50 m, electrically heated 002 Worktable, sorting/folding, laundry, 2.00 x 1.00 m 003 004 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Iron, electric Ironing board Q C M E 1 E 2 2 2 1 E E 06.
Store, clean linen and issuing Activities: The clean linen store is kept locked for control purposes – policy regarding linen control should be adhered to (pilfering of linen is common).

Sufficient shelving should be provided in a well ventilated room.

Only surplus linen is stored in the linen room.

An inventory is kept of linen movement within the laundry and to the rest of the hospital.
UNICEF 178 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources A hatch or counter is provided to issue linen from linen room.

Activities: should be documented according to hospital linen management policy.

Transportation of clean linen should be in appropriated trolleys.

Clean linen should be transported and stored peripherally in a way that will ensure its cleanliness.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 Blanket, adult, cellular, ward-type, white 003 Blanket, adult, ward-type, blue (*) 004 Blanket, baby wrapping, flannel, ward-type, white (*) 005 Blanket, child, ward-type, bleu 006 Case, pillow, ward-type, white 007 Cover, mattress, ward-type, white 008 Cover, Mayo, 0.50 x 1.40 m, theatre-type, green 009 Mask, face, cotton, theatre-type, green (*) 010 Cover, pillow, waterproof, ward-type, clear 011 Gown, ward-type, 1 to 2 y, white 012 Gown, ward-type, 2 to 4 y, white 013 Gown, ward-type, 7 to 12 y, white 014 Gown, ward-type, adult, white (*) 015 Gown, ward-type, baby, white 016 Gown, ward-type, 5 to 6 y, white 017 Pajama, adult, male, ward-type 018 Pajama, boy, 2 to 4 y, ward-type 019 Overshoes, cotton, theatre-type, green 020 Pajama, boy, 5 to 6 y, ward-type 021 Pajama, boy, 7 to 12 y, ward-type 022 Pillow, ward-type, white (*) 023 Sheet, abdominal, slit, theatre-type, green 024 Gown, surgeon, theatre-type, green 025 Gown, surgeons, orthopedic, theatre-type, green 026 Suit, theatre-type, green, V-neck, large 027 Suit, theatre-type, green, V-neck, medium 028 Suit, theatre-type, green, V-neck, small 029 Suit, theatre-type, green, V-neck, x-large 030 Suit, theatre-type, green, V-neck, xx-large 031 Sheet, waterproof, Macintosh, ward-type (*) 032 Sheet, bed, ward-type, white (*) 033 Sheet, cot, ward-type, white 034 Sheet, draw, ward-type, white (*) 035 Towel, adult, ward-type, white (*) 036 Towel, child, ward-type, white 037 Towel, instrument, 1.00 x 1.00 m, theatre-type, green 038 Towel, instrument, 1.40 x 1.60 m, theatre-type, green (*) 039 Towel, instrument, 1.80 x 2.85 m, theatre-type, green (*) 040 Towel, slit, ear, 0.80 x 1.00 m, theatre-type, green 041 Wrap over, large, theatre-type, green 042 Wrap over, medium, theatre-type, green 043 Wrap over, small, theatre-type, green 044 Wrap over, x-large, theatre-type, green 045 Wrap over, xx-large, theatre-type, green C M E Q 6 150 100 50 50 600 100 150 300 300 50 50 50 100 50 50 50 20 300 20 20
UNICEF 179 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 046 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 047 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 5 1 07.
Sewing and repairs Activities: Repairs are to be done as soon as possible so that linen can go back in circulation.

Sufficient space should be provided for at least two people to maintain the linen.

Control and adequate documentation of the linen that is in the sewing area is required.
Equipment: Sq Item description 001 Sewing machine, small 002 Sewing machine, large 003 004 005 Rack, garment 006 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 007 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 008 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Iron, electric Ironing board Q C M E E 1 E 1 E 1 1 E 2 2 2 1 08.
Cleaner’s room Activities: The space and facilities provided should be sufficient for parking and manoeuvring cleaning machines and a cleaner’s trolley, and also for the cleansing of cleaning equipment and the disposal of fluid and used cleaning materials.

Hand-washing facilities are also required.

Shelving and vertical storage should not encroach on the working space or restrict access to the cleaner’s sink.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 3 09.

Staff Change (10) Activities: The facilities provided allow staff (about ten people) to change into protective working clothes and for the storage of clothing and personal possessions in lockers.

Soiled linen trolleys collect working clothes for washing after an appropriate usage interval.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.

002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 2 2 10 2 1 UNICEF 180 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 10.

Toilet Activities: The toilet area provides sanitation and hand washing facilities.
The number of toilets and wash- hand basins is subject to the specific planning of the facility, in accordance with the number of employees active in the area.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C 11.

Office Activities: Administration of the laundry and ordering of materials can be conducted in the office of the person supervising the laundry.
Filing cabinets are provided for the storage of paper records.

A work desk is provided, as well as filing facilities.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 1 2 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials but not limited for use in this area.

Item description Sq 001 Disinfectant/decontaminant washing powder 002 Washing powder 003 Water softener, liquid Capacity: A guide figure of 4 kg linen per bed per day can be used for calculations, resulting in 4,000 kg of linen per 7-day week.
Based on this figure, a 50 kg washer/extractor capacity is required at least, for a 100 bed facility.

The closest economic capacity provided is three times 16 kg, resulting in a total of 48 kg for the main laundry area.

The washer/extractors are preferably provided as three units, so that process can continue in the event of maintenance of one of the units.

A separate (pre) washer/dryer is provided to deal with infectious linen, this unit could have a capacity of 16 kg.
The total washer/extractor capacity is supplemented with an additional water extractor of 18 kg for removing excess moisture prior to drying.

The latter capacity serves as a guide figure.

About 1.5 times the washing capacity is required for the dryers, thus dryers are planned with a total capacity of 72 kg.

Drying capacity in this equipment plan is for 48 kg, which is the nearest match.
A flat bed ironer (width 2.5m) is provided for the hospital, based on the load of laundry expected, in this case a capacity of 60 – 70 kg/ hour is planned.

Trolleys for the movement of clean laundry are required.

Sufficient trolleys should be provided to handle the machine loads, 9 trolleys have been planned for this purpose.

It is advisable to recalculate the capacity of the laundry department to meet the particular requirements of each hospital.
Location: The location of the laundry should facilitate the movement of clean and soiled laundry to and from the hospital.

The location of the laundry should be chosen so that noise and traffic disturbance to patients is minimised.

The laundry location should accommodate the mechanical and electrical equipment as well as air extraction.
In addition the location of the laundry should satisfy the requirements for staff working conditions, such as lighting levels (natural or illuminated), noise, humidity and temperature.

UNICEF 181 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.2 Kitchen Description/Activities: Catering services are responsible for the ordering, storage, preparation and distribution of food and dietary prescriptions to patients and staff.
The dispatching of food should be in bulk to both the in- and outpatient care units and the self-service counter for staff.

All functional units of the hospital have a pantry to which food storage carts are dispatched and from which food and beverages are distributed.

Soiled dishes, pots and pans are cleaned centrally including those from the staff dining room.

The planning of the catering services in the present document takes no account of cultural and local gastronomic customs.
However dietary needs for specific patient groups can be catered for.

Other important planning considerations may include the selection of manufacturers and the type and amount of equipment.

Well selected quality catering systems makes a facility virtually maintenance free.
Kitchen/catering department consists of the following rooms as a minimum: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Office 09 Receiving, food supplies Dry Store Cold Store Staff Change (10) Toilet Staff Dining Staff Lounge Vegetable preparation Fish/Meat preparation Cooking Bakery Store, crockery Food Trolley Bay (8) Cart Wash Dish Wash Pot Wash Trash, refuse collection Cleaner’s room UNICEF 182 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Receiving, food supplies Activities: Fresh, dry or refrigerated supplies are received and transferred in bulk in the area.

The receiving area is preferably located near the loading and unloading dock for quick, hygienic handling of supplies.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0005007 Truck,trolley,platform,manual,1000kg 002 Scale, platform, 200 kg, <> 1 kg 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) Q C M E 1 1 4 1 1 02.

Dry Store Activities: Storage of bulk food supplies that do not necessarily need cooling for preservation.

Considerations about hygiene are important, as well as control of vermin such as insects, mice and rats.

It is advised to fit the store with security locks to avoid pilfering.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 2 1 C 5 03.

Cold Store Activities: Storage of fresh bulk food supplies that need cooling for short term preservation.

The unit is permanently kept at a temperature of 4 ºC and is not equipped with a freezing facility.
Since the unit has limited capacity, planning of the volume of daily fresh supplies is of concern.

Hygienic aspects of the cold store must be given proper consideration.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Cold room, walk-in type, 2.00 x 2.00 m 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M E 4 04.

Staff Change (10) Activities: The facilities provided allow staff (about ten people) to change into their uniform and for storage of clothing and personal belongings in lockers.
Soiled linen trolleys collect uniforms for washing after an appropriate usage interval,.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.

002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 2 2 10 2 1 UNICEF 183 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 05.
Toilet Activities: The toilet area provides sanitation and hand washing facilities.

The number of toilets and wash- hand basins is subject to the specific planning of the facility, in accordance with the number of employees active in the area.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C 06.

Staff Dining Activities: Locate adjacent to the kitchen and food production area.
The seating area should be placed next to the servers, providing easy access.

The area provides dining facilities for about 60 staff members.

Item description Ice cube machine, 21 kg/24 hr Equipment: Sq 001 002 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 003 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, dining, 1.60 x 0.80 m 004 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) Q C M E 1 M E 60 15 2 07.
Staff Lounge Activities: Staff rest during work breaks, but the area can also be used for meetings and briefing about planned catering and related activities.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 002 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 003 S0002077 Refrigerator, 140 l + 20 l (*) 004 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 005 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 C 1 C M 1 20 4 2 E 08.
Office Activities: Administration of the catering services and ordering of materials can be conducted in the office of the kitchen supervisor.

Filing cabinets are provided for the storage of paper records.

A work desk is provided, as well as filing facilities.
UNICEF 184 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 1 2 1 09.
Vegetable Preparation Activities: Sorting and cleaning of vegetables, and chopping for further processing in the cooking area.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purposes, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Kitchen machine, universal 003 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 004 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 005 Scale, kitchen type, 2000 g, <> 20 g 006 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) E Q C M E 1 1 1 C 2 C M 1 1 10.
Fish/Meat Preparation Activities: Sorting and cleaning of fish and or meat supplies, cutting for further processing in the cooking area.

The hygienic aspects and refrigeration required for the handling of fish and meat must be given proper consideration.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Chopping block, with chopper 002 Slicer, gravity feed 003 Meat saw, electric 004 Meat mincer, heavy duty 005 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 006 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 007 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 008 Refrigerator, 300 l + 85 l 009 Scale, bench top, 15 kg, <> 5 g 010 Scale, kitchen type, 2000 g, <> 20 g 011 Container, trash, mobile, bin with lid 012 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) E E E Q C M E 2 1 1 1 1 2 C 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 E UNICEF 185 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 11.
Cooking Activities: The food production system is mainly cook-serve oriented, since this system still remains the most economical for quality food.

In this system, food is prepared a few hours before serving time.

Bulk foods are prepared from raw materials, finished and served immediately.

Convenience products may supplement this traditional preparation method.

Gas is essentially the main source of energy for the equipment provided in the cooking area.
The personnel safety and hygiene aspects surrounding serving to patients and staff must be given adequate consideration.

Consideration should also be given to the fact that the finished products can be transported only a short distance and remain safe for consumption, pursuant to health regulations.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Planetary Mixer 004 Extraction hood and fan, with filters, approximately 3.00 x 1.50 m 005 Cooking range, gas, 6 burners with oven and cabinet 006 Frying pan, 80 l, tilting, gas heated 007 Boiling pan, gas, 150 l, autoclave type 008 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 009 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 010 Refrigerator, 300 l + 85 l 011 Scale, bench top, 15 kg, <> 5 g 012 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 013 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 12.
Bakery Activities: Specialized area for bread and pastry production.

The hygiene implications of refrigerating and working with pastry items must be considered.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Oven, pastry 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 004 Refrigerator, 300 l + 85 l 005 Scale, bench top, 15 kg, <> 5 g 006 Scale, kitchen type, 2000 g, <> 20 g 007 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 008 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) Q C M E 1 M E 4 C 1 C M 1 1 1 1 1 E UNICEF 186 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 13.
Store, crockery Activities: Used as the storage of a hospital’s tableware items and kitchen equipment.

It is envisaged that tableware for the dining area and for the inpatient area will be supplied and collected from this store.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Set, pots and pans, kitchen, medium, 100 beds 003 Set, kitchen tools, medium, 100 bed general hospital 004 Set, table ware, medium, 100 bed 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 1 4 14.
Food Trolley Bay (8) Activities: The organization and preparation of the food to be issued to the inpatient departments of the hospital as well as to the dining area of the kitchen takes place here.

Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) Item description Q C M E 8 15.

Cart Wash Activities: Food distribution trolleys are cleaned upon return from periphery delivery through the hospital and the dining area of the catering department.
Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, cleaning Item description 16.

Dish Wash Activities: Q C M E 1 Tableware is cleaned upon return from the different hospital in-patient departments and the dining area.

The area is provided with an automated dish washer for this purpose.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 003 Dish washer, front loader model, complete with tables and baskets 004 Hose with handle for washing kitchen utensils 005 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 006 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 C M E 1 1 C 2 C M M UNICEF 187 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 17.
Pot Wash Activities: Larger items such as pots and pans are cleaned and washed upon return from the different hospital in-patient departments and the dining area.

The processing is in essence manual, and appropriate sinks are provided for this purpose.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Pistol, spray cleaning 002 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 003 Sink unit, for pot washing, st. st., 1.75 m 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) M Q C M E 1 1 1 C M 2 C 2 18.
Trash, refuse collection Activities: The collection and disposal of waste from the vegetable cleaning area, the fish/meat preparation area, the cooking and bakery sections of the kitchen takes place here, as well as disposal of leftovers returning from the different hospital inpatient departments and the dining area.

Equipment: Sq 001 Container, trash, mobile, bin with lid Item description 19.
Cleaner’s room Activities: Q C M E 1 The space and facilities provided should be sufficient for parking and manoeuvring cleaning machines and a cleaner’s trolley, and for the cleansing of cleaning equipment and the disposal of fluids and used cleaning materials.

Hand-washing facilities are also required.

Shelving and vertical storage should not encroach on the working space or restrict access to the cleaner’s sink.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.

(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials but not limited for use in this area.
Item description Sq 001 Food packing materials, boxes and bags 002 Aluminium folium 003 Plastic folium 004 Hand soaps 005 Detergent liquids 006 Water softener 007 Washing brushes 008 Plastic dustbin bags UNICEF 188 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Capacity: The department’s work load in general depends upon the number of meals served, operational factors such as food production methods, menu selection, staffing, and hours of operation.
Capacity calculation determinants include food production methods, the size of production equipment, dry/refrigerated storage space, and the number of dining rooms, and peripheral pantries.

The cooling capacity was calculated on the basis of about 12 litres per meal.

The dry and refrigerated storage capacity should, in general, be sufficient for 2 to 3 days of operation.

The department is capable of producing approximately 120 patient meals on a daily basis and as many meals for personnel.
Sufficient trolleys are provided to handle the food produced, in order to assure timely and warm distribution.

It is advised to recalculate the capacity of the catering area to meet the particular requirements of each hospital.

Location: The catering unit is located within the logistics services area, with direct access from the outside for the delivery of daily supplies and easy access for staff.
An appropriate pathway facilitates the movement of the catering and the wash-up, to and from the hospital’s in-patient units, and the staff dining room which is usually located in a separate building.

The location of the catering area should accommodate the requirements for mechanical and electrical services as well as fume extraction.
In addition, the location of the catering area should satisfy the requirements for staff working conditions such as lighting levels (natural or illuminated), noise, humidity and temperature.

UNICEF 189 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.3 Central Store Description/Activities: Materials management is responsible for receiving, checking, storing (central), issuing and dispatching to hospital supplies to the various users.
The stores must have stock to allow the hospital to operate for overlapping periods of one month.

A minimum stock level control is calculated according the delivery and time needs of the hospital users.

The following services can be provided: Management of supplies Receiving and stowage of supplies Receiving and temporary holding of new equipment and or furniture Distribution and restocking of supplies to consumer units on a scheduled and on-call basis using pre-established levels.
Administration and management of the facility’s supply system in cooperation with the managers of consumer units.

Material management services exclude food products, disposable supplies and chemicals: they are respectively handled by the catering services, the pharmacy department and the laboratory.

No particular requirements with regard to equipment are given apart from adequate shelving and wall separations where necessary.
It is advisable to fit the store with locks and/or supervision or access control, to avoid pilfering.

The central store department should ideally consist of the following room: 01 Store, general UNICEF 190 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Store, general Activities: General centralised storage and restocking of daily inventory of most materials used in the hospital take place here.
C M E C Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0005007 Truck,trolley,platform,manual,1000kg 002 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 003 Set, table ware, large, 150 bed 004 Ladder, 5 steps 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 009 Chart, patient record 010 S5090005 Bed net, LLIN, white,150x190x180cm (h x l x w) 011 Support, knee, for in-bed patients, adult 012 Crutches, elbow type, pair 013 Walking stick 014 Wheelchair, non-foldable, universal (*) Q 1 2 1 1 20 1 2 1 10 120 5 10 5 4 Capacity: Demand for storage space and staff is driven by the mix of services and volume of activity at each site.
Each consuming unit in smaller facilities may itself manage material storage.

However, this service is typically centralised to achieve economies of scale and to minimise staffing requirements.

The capacity of the department has been calculated according to the common ratio of 2 m2/bed, thus requiring approximately 200 m2 space in total.

Location: The department is located independently from any other department and only requires direct access from outside and within the logistics services area.
It should facilitate the movement of trolleys to and from the hospital.

The location of the central store should be decided so that noise and traffic disturbance to patients is minimised.

In addition, the location of the central store should satisfy the requirements for staff working conditions such as lighting levels (natural or illuminated), noise, humidity and temperature.
UNICEF 191 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.4 Housekeeping (Domestic Hygiene) Description/Activities: The environmental services department is responsible for maintaining a clean and sanitary environment in the hospital, including floors, carpeting, tiles, drapery, windows, lights, vents, and upholstered items.

This department is also responsible for furniture moves, replacement of patient room furniture, and trash collection.
Environmental services typically arranges with the maintenance department for pest control, waste processing, window washing, furniture repairs, and the purchasing of necessary material for trash receptacles.

The number of housekeeping rooms or closets is determined by the needs of the hospital.

A service sink with a drain is provided for mops and other cleaning equipment.

Shelves or carts for the storage of cleaning chemicals and supplies have been planned.
Hospital finishes, furniture and accessories are designed to withstand the rigours of constant cleaning and sanitising.

Such measures help to maintain standards of cleanliness that support a healing environment.
The housekeeping (domestic hygiene) department should ideally consist of the following rooms as a minimum: 01 02 03 04 Supervisor Store, housekeeping Soiled utility Trash, refuse collection UNICEF 192 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Supervisor Activities: Administration of the domestic hygiene and the ordering of materials and products can be conducted in the housekeeping department supervisor’s office.
Filing cabinets are provided for the maintenance of paper records.

A work desk is provided, as well as filing facilities.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 02.

Store, housekeeping Activities: The storage of bulk cleaning supplies and utensils necessary to replenish the cleaning trolleys located at the different periphery cleaner rooms takes place here.

Considerations about safety (e.g.

proper ventilation) are important.


It is advisable to provide the store with security and/or supervision to avoid pilfering.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, clean linen distribution 002 S0187004 Trolley, general purposes, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 1 3 03.

Soiled utility Activities: The centralised routine cleaning and basic maintenance of cleaning utensils.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 S0187004 Trolley, general purposes, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 003 Bin, disposal, mobile, with lid (*) 004 Worktable, laminated top, with cabinets under the table top, 2.00 m 005 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 006 Towel, hand, white (*) 007 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 008 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 009 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 010 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) Q C M E 3 1 1 1 C 1 C M 1 1 C 1 C 3 2 UNICEF 193 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 04.

Trash, refuse collection Activities: Trash and waste should be collected by the environmental services staff from the different soiled utility rooms located throughout the hospital.

Coordination with the waste management department for handing-over and processing is required.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen bags, collection 002 Container, trash, mobile, bin with lid Q C M E 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials.

Also they are not limited to usage in this area.


Sq Item description 001 Detergent liquids 002 Hand soaps 003 Cleaning liquids 004 Cleaning clothes 005 Paper towels 006 Plastic dustbin bags Capacity: The domestic hygiene department must have sufficient capacity to hold and control an appropriate level of stock of cleaning materials and products, in order to ensure its daily maintenance activities.

Capacity and space allocation calculations should take into consideration staff as well as equipment.
Location: It is advisable to plan the environmental services near the materials management department and the engineering/maintenance services.

Although the housekeeping carts are usually kept in the various housekeeping closets throughout the hospital, the location of the department should facilitate the movement of waste processing trolleys to and from the hospital.
UNICEF 194 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.5 Waste Management Description/Activities: The waste management area serves as a central collection point for all hospital waste material.

It provides a secure, short term storage area for hospital waste.

It provides a safe handling area for sorting and segregating waste according to the category and preparation for destruction, disposal or recycling as appropriate.
Staff handling waste material must be fully conversant with hospital or recognised guidelines regarding the classification and safe handling of waste, the use of colour coded bins/sacks, decontamination procedures and appropriate methods of destruction, disposal or recycling.

Staff must also be fully conversant with hospital or recognised guidelines regarding accidental contamination e.g.

spillage, needle stick injuries etc.


with respect to seeking appropriate and effective treatment and reporting procedures.

A designated person(s) should be responsible for ensuring that collected waste material is properly bagged and labelled in accordance with recognised guidelines such as “Safe management of wastes from health-care activities”, WHO, 1999.
Moreover, this designated person should keep documentary evidence of hazardous, pathological and pharmaceutical waste destruction together with copies of consignment notes for the carriage and disposal of hazardous waste off-site.

The packing for disposal off-site of such hazardous, pathological and pharmaceutical waste shall meet or exceed United Nations requirements: - United Nations packaging requirements for infectious substances, class 6.2, UN No.
2814 “Infectious substance affecting humans (adapted to hazardous health-care waste)”.

 United Nations packaging requirements for infectious substances, class 6.2, UN No.

3291 “Clinical waste, unspecified, or (bio) medical waste, or regulated medical waste (adapted to hazardous health-care waste)”.

The waste management area encompasses the following: 01 Waste Room 02 Incinerator UNICEF 195 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Waste Room Activities: The waste room provides a safe handling area for sorting and segregating waste according to category and preparation for destruction, disposal or recycling as appropriate.

The room must be secured at all times to prevent unauthorised access to potentially hazardous waste.

There should be clear, unrestricted access to the waste room suitable for manoeuvring waste collection trolleys in and out.
The room should be of sufficient size to permit the sorting and segregating of waste according to category.

Waste category Infectious waste Pathological waste Sharps Pharmaceutical waste Genotoxic waste Chemical waste Wastes containing heavy metals Pressurized containers Description and examples Waste suspected of containing pathogens, e.g.

laboratory cultures; waste from isolation wards; tissues (swabs), materials, or equipment that have been in contact with infected patients; excreta.
Human tissues or fluids, e.g.

body parts; blood and other body fluids; placenta.

Sharp waste e.g.

needles; infusion sets; scalpels; knives; blades; broken glass.

Waste containing pharmaceuticals, e.g.

pharmaceuticals that have expired or no longer needed; items contaminated by or containing pharmaceuticals (bottles, boxes).

Waste containing substances with genotoxic properties, e.g.

waste containing cytostatic drugs (often used in cancer therapy); genotoxic chemicals.
Waste containing chemical substances e.g.

laboratory reagents; film developer; disinfectants that are expired or no longer needed; solvents.

Batteries; broken thermometers; blood-pressure gauges; etc.

Gas cylinders; gas cartridges; aerosol cans.


Recommended colour-coding for health-care waste Highly infectious waste Other infectious waste Sharps Chemical & pharmaceutical General health-care waste Yellow, marked “HIGHLY INFECTIOUS” Yellow Yellow, marked “SHARPS” Brown Black The room must have storage facilities for protective clothing such as boots, heavy duty gloves, overalls, protective eyewear.

The room must have storage facilities for decontamination and spillage control, e.g.
absorbent material, chemical disinfectant(s), colour-coded waste bags, etc.

The room must be fitted with a wash-hand basin with hot and cold water.

The flooring must be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.

The room should preferably be ventilated with separate duct/exhaust to the atmosphere away from food preparation, patient or staff areas.
Unless a refrigerated waste room is available, storage times for healthcare waste (i.e.

the delay between production and treatment) should not exceed the following recommendations: Temperate climate: 72 hours in winter, 48 hours in summer.

 Warm climate: 48 hours during the cool season, 24 hours during the hot season.
UNICEF 196 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Roll container, soiled transport 003 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 004 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) 005 Container, trash, mobile, bin with lid 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 007 Gloves, handling, small 008 Gloves, handling, medium Q C M E 1 C M 2 1 C 1 C 3 5 1 1 02.
Incinerator Activities: The room or covered area housing the incinerator should be located at least 30m away from the hospital facility.

The room, shack or covered area housing the incinerator must be constructed in accordance with local building and environmental emission regulations.

The incinerator operator will be responsible for: Removal of ashes left inside the pyrolytic chamber (after cooling down).

Loading of waste packages to be incinerated.

Ignition of fuel burner in post-combustion chamber.
Ignition of the pyrolytic fuel burner to start waste burning in the pyrolytic chamber.

Pyrolysis of waste (maintaining >800°C) and monitoring of gas production.

Monitoring high-temperature burning of gas inside post-combustion chamber.

Stopping the fuel burners after completion of waste and gas burning, and letting the incinerator cool down.

The operator is responsible for ensuring an adequate fuel supply (oil, gas, kerosene, etc.)
and first line maintenance of the incinerator and reporting any defects to the hospital maintenance manager and/or administrator.

Additionally, the operator maintains a log of incinerator operating hours/times together with such data as, but not limited to: combustion/pyrolytic chamber and exhaust stack temperatures, gas production, fuel consumption, etc.
Equipment: Sq 001 Item description Incinerator, fuel operated >800 C Renewable/Consumables: Q C M E 1 C M E Item description Sq 001 Absorbent material, 002 Chemical disinfectant(s).

003 Cleaning material(s).

004 Heavy duty thermal protection gloves.

005 Colour coded, heavy duty waste disposal bags with secure closure ties.

006 Protective clothing (boots, heavy duty gloves, overalls, protective eyewear).

007 Chemical absorbent roll, 008 Absorbency approx.

~ 25litres/roll.
~ 25litres/roll.

UNICEF 197 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.6 Engineering and Maintenance Description/Activities: The primary functions of the engineering and maintenance department are: Corrective (repair) and preventive maintenance activities.

 Equipment maintenance management, documentation and inventory control (hardcopy or electronic).

In-service equipment training for clinical and medical staff.
Technical assistance and support with equipment acquisition and retirement.

 Technical staff training in maintenance techniques, policies and procedures.

 Purchase and stock control of spare parts.

 Technical library for service documentation.
The engineering and maintenance area encompasses the following: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Office Staff Change Toilet Shower Store Biomedical (electro-mechanical) Workshop Carpentry and Painting Workshop Plant, Central, Medical-Gas, 100 Beds Cleaner’s Room UNICEF 198 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Office Activities: Planning and co-ordinating corrective (repair) maintenance requests.
Planning and co-ordinating planned preventive maintenance.

Maintaining equipment maintenance records and inventory control (hardcopy or electronic).

Planning and co-ordinating equipment acquisition and introduction into service.

Planning and co-ordinating in-service equipment training for clinical and medical staff.

Training technical staff in repair and maintenance techniques.

Training technical staff in equipment safety checks and performance verification procedures.
Training staff in safe handling of equipment containing and/or contaminated by body fluids (blood, saliva, secretions, urine) or other hazardous substances.

Training staff in equipment decontamination procedures.

Planning and co-ordinating equipment retirement and withdrawal from service.

Ordering and stock control of spare parts.

Library for architectural, civil, mechanical and electrical drawings.
Library for maintenance manuals (operator/user manuals, service manuals, circuit diagrams, schematics and spare parts list).

Library for engineering reference books and educational material.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 002 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) 007 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 02.

Staff Change Activities: Staff changing facility with lockers for safe storage of personal items.

The room has storage facilities for protective clothing (e.g.

gloves, overalls, protective eye and footwear).


The room must be supplied with a wall-mounted first aid dispenser and eye wash station.

The room is supplied with a trolley for the collection and transport of used protective clothing.

The flooring shall be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Trolley, soiled linen, 2 rings.
002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 Locker, 1 vertical compartment, metal, 0.30 m 004 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 1 10 1 UNICEF 199 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 03.

Toilet Activities: Staff toilet for personal hygiene.

Fitted with a wash-hand basin with hot and cold water for personal hygiene.

Sited next to staff shower facility.


Flooring should be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Towel, hand, white (*) 002 Dispenser, paper towel, metal (optional) (*) 003 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Q C M E 1 1 C 1 C 04.

Shower Activities: Staff shower for personal hygiene.

Sited next to staff toilet facility.


Utilized as emergency deluge shower in the event of accidental contact with hazardous substances.

Flooring must be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.

Equipment: Sq 001 Dispenser, soap, hand operated (optional) (*) Item description Q C M E 1 C 05.
Store Activities: Storage area for storing maintenance department material such as: Consumable items (e.g.

adhesives, batteries, bulbs, fuses, lubricants, mechanical fixings, paints, seals (“O”-rings/Gaskets), solvents, etc.).

 Defective equipment awaiting repair.

 Flammable and hazardous substances.

 Retired equipment awaiting disposal.

 Spare parts and assemblies.

 Test equipment.

 Tools (electrical, mechanical and hand).


The store is fitted with shelving of suitable size and dimensions to enable segregation and safe and easy access to stored material.

It should have clear, unrestricted access to the store room suitable for manoeuvring equipment and trolleys in and out.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st.st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 3 UNICEF 200 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 06.

Biomedical (electro-mechanical) Workshop Activities: Workshop area for performing corrective (repair) and/or preventive maintenance on biomedical, electro-mechanical equipments.
Decontaminating equipment containing and/or contaminated by body fluids (blood, saliva, secretions, urine) or other hazardous substances prior to maintenance.

Receiving and executing corrective maintenance requests.

Receiving and executing planned preventive maintenance requests.

Maintaining equipment maintenance records and inventory control (hardcopy or electronic).

Checking new equipment and introduction into service.

Executing in-service equipment training for clinical/medical staff.
Training technical staff in repair and maintenance techniques.

Performing equipment safety checks and performance verification.

Withdrawing and retiring equipment from service due to age, cost, and obsolescence or safety reasons.

Stock control and ordering of spare parts.

Maintaining up-to-date library of educational/reference materials and service documentation.

The workshop is fitted with shelving of suitable size and dimensions to enable segregation, safe and easy access to stored material.
The workshop should have clear, unrestricted access suitable for manoeuvring equipment in and out.

Consideration should be given to appropriate lighting levels for safe, intricate working.

Flooring should be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Wall clock (*) 002 Equipment for bio-medical workshop, small 003 Equipment for electrical workshop, large 004 Equipment for mechanical workshop, small 005 Set, tools, electrician 006 Set tools, electronic 007 Workbench, workshop, 2 m 008 Cabinet, workshop, open, with shelves 009 Multi-parameter patient simulator 010 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 011 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 012 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 013 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 014 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) 015 Cleaner, ultrasonic, 2 tanks of 18 l, bench top 07.

Carpentry and painting workshop Activities: Performing corrective (repair) and/or preventive maintenance on building fabric and structure, primarily painted surfaces and wooden items.

Receiving and executing corrective maintenance requests.
Receiving and executing planned preventive maintenance requests.

Maintaining equipment maintenance records and inventory control.

Training technical staff in repair and maintenance techniques.

Stock control and ordering of consumable materials.

The workshop is fitted with shelving of suitable size and dimensions to enable segregation and safe and easy access to stored material.
UNICEF 201 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources The workshop should have clear, unrestricted access suitable for manoeuvring large items in and out.

Consideration should be given to providing adequate exhaust (woodchip and dust) and ventilation (paint, solvent fumes).

Flooring must be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Equipment for carpentry workshop, large 002 Equipment for painter workshop, small 003 Set, tools, carpenter 004 Workbench, workshop, 2 m 005 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 006 S0169005 Stool, height adjustable with gas spring, mobile, st. st. 007 S0190000 Pedal bin, st. st (*) Q C M E M E 1 1 M E 1 1 C 2 1 1 08.
Plant, central, medical-gas, 100 beds Activities: Plant room, housing the medical gas system comprising generally of main manifold, cylinder bank change-over mechanism, primary distribution pipe work, alarms, condition and status monitoring and medical gas cylinders/racks.

The primary activities performed within the medical gas plant room are: Corrective (repair) and preventive maintenance of medical gas plant as necessary.
Daily recording and documenting of medical gas plant status such as alarm occurrence/status, capacity (empty/full cylinders), consumption, maintenance etc.

 Ordering and replenishment of medical gases (cylinders) and documented stock control.

 Safety checks and verification of medical gases received (contents, pressure, medical use certification, assay of contents etc) The medical gas plant room must be secured against unauthorised access.
The medical gas plant room must be supplied with cylinder trolleys for easy, safe handling and movement of cylinders.

The medical gas plant must have clear, unrestricted access suitable for manoeuvring large medical gas cylinders in and out.

The medical gas plant must have large, unrestricted access onto adjacent roadway suitable for manoeuvring medical gas cylinders to and from delivery vehicles.

Vehicular access should be covered, shaded from direct sunlight/excessive heat.
Consideration should be given to appropriate fire fighting, fire suppression equipment where flammable gases under pressure are stored.

Flooring should be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning.

Equipment: Sq 001 Plant, central, medical-gas, 100 beds (optional) Item description Q C M E 1 C M E UNICEF 202 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 09.
Cleaner’s room Activities: Parking cleaning equipment.

Storing cleaning materials.

Filling and emptying cleaning equipment and containers.

Disposal of liquid waste.

Cleaning and drying equipment.

Hand washing facilities.

Security for personal items.

Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Worktable, 1 sink, with cabinets under the table top, 1.50 m (*) 002 Trolley, cleaning 003 Rack, mops (*) 004 S2170000 Pail w/bail,handle,polyethylene,10 litre (*) 005 Set, cleaning utensils, broom, mop, etc.
(*) 006 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) Q C M E 1 C M 1 1 2 1 1 Renewable/Consumables: Item description Adhesive kit Sq 001 002 Cable sleeve, heat shrinkable,kit,1.0-6.4mm 003 Cable, grommet, kit, black, PVC 004 Cable, marker, kit, dia 1.5/2.8mm 005 Cable, tie, kit 006 Circlip,steel,kit,internal/external,E,1.4-12mm 007 008 009 010 011 Grommet,blind,kit,4.8-45mm dia 012 Masonry, plasterboard fixing kit, Rawlplug, Supadriv,c/sk woodscrews, Electrical starter, kit Fuse,kit,1.0in Fuse,kit,20mm Fuse, kit, anti surge c/w polypropylene storage box 013 Mechanical starter,kit 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 Washer,fibre,red vulcanised,kit Screw kit,high tensile steel,cap set screws,6BA,4BA,2BA Screw kit,high tensile steel,cap set screws,M3,M4,M5 Screw,grub,kit,steel,black,ranges M1.6-M2.5,10BA-6BA Screw,machine,slotted,cheesehead,Nylon 6.6,kit,M3,M4,M5 Screw,self tapping,slotted,Supadriv panhead,kit,zinc plated steel,No4-10 Screw,wood,twin/threaded,slotted,zinc plated steel,kit,1250,16 compartment,plastic box Seal,O ring,kit,nitrile,imperial Seal,O ring,kit,nitrile,metric Service engineer,kit,chemicals Spring,kit,extension,torsion,compression,light duty Tape,adhesive,PVC,insulating,various colours,19mmx10m,kit UNICEF 203 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.7 Transport Description/Activities: Road transport of patients and/or personnel from lower level facilities to this first referral level hospital.
The transport can be organised as an emergency or on an elective basis.

Road transport of patients and/or personnel as part of a referral to a facility able to provide a higher level of care.

The transport can be organised as an emergency or on an elective basis.
With respect to the emergency transport of patients, one should distinguish between: (i) critical emergencies requiring immediate transport after stabilising, (ii) deferrable emergencies when transport is required within a few hours, (iii) non-emergencies: where the transport can be organized on an elective basis.

The transport services should work on demand from, or in close liaison with the A&E department of the hospital.
They should also be available outside normal operating hours of the different clinics on the premises.

The facilities required to provide appropriate transportation services highly depends on the actual setting in which a first referral hospital works.
Planning of transportation services that includes the most appropriate equipment should consider: distance to lower and higher level providers; road and weather conditions; and the expected mix and volume of transportation of personnel and patients to and from the hospital.

The equipment planning therefore includes options, quantity “1”, such as a basic ambulance, van type car, motorcycle and bicycle.
The transport department should preferably consist of the following room as a minimum: 01 Transport UNICEF 204 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Transport Activities: Storage of transport equipment including protection against adverse weather conditions.

Common cleaning and maintenance of all means of transport, in order to assure maximum uptime and availability.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 S0008780 Ambulance, budget (optional) 002 S0008787 Car, van type for transport (optional) 003 S0004125 Motorcycle, 100cc (optional) 004 S0004208 Bicycle, heavy duty, roadster, gents (optional) 005 S0004209 Bicycle, heavy duty, roadster, ladies (optional) Q C M E 1 C M E 1 C M E 1 1 1 M M M Item description Renewable/Consumables: Sq 001 Cleaning liquids 002 Cleaning clothes 003 Hand soap 004 Paper towels Capacity: Capacity planning with regard to the transportation services required at first referral level is subject to a variety of considerations.
Because the foremost challenge of a transport department is to make it sufficiently flexible to handle both high and low patient volumes and a variety of cases that come from a diverse population, it is advised that the planning exercise is based on current and future needs assessments, among others taking in to account patients accessibility to health services at lower and higher level, as well as the mobility of health care professionals.
Location: The connection between the transport services and the associated hospital departments are crucial for efficiency and functionality.

Therefore the transportation service should be located adjacent to the accident and emergency and the outpatient poly-clinic departments.

The services require a separate access road to the hospital site, with a dedicated covered parking bay for the ambulance.
UNICEF 205 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.3.8 Mortuary Description/Activities: Mortuary unit for the reception and storage of bodies.

Bodies may be received from the hospital/medical facility directly or from external sources.

Access to and from the mortuary to be shielded from the view of patients and visitors and secured against accidental and/or unauthorised entry.
Mortuary to have convenient and separate access for medical/mortuary staff, visiting relatives and undertakers.

Mortuary to have large, unrestricted access onto roadway suitable for manoeuvring trolleys to and from mortuary to waiting vehicles (ambulances, hearses, etc.)

Vehicular access should be covered.

The mortuary area encompasses the following: 01 Body Store UNICEF 206 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Body Store Activities: Receiving bodies from the hospital/medical facility directly or from external sources.

Identification and/or verification and labelling of the body.

Documentation and record keeping in accordance with local regulations.

Shrouding the body and transfer to refrigerated body store.

Removal/transfer of the body for burial or cremation according to cultural, religious beliefs.

Removal/transfer of the body to external post-mortem/bier room facility.

Clinical hand washing.


Parking and storage of handling equipment, e.g.

hoist, concealment trolley.

Secure storage of deceased personal effects, valuables.

Room to be fitted with hose and hot/cold water wash down unit.

The flooring must be hard wearing, impervious, joint-less and slip resistant, with good drainage suitable for daily cleaning with detergent and hot water or chemical disinfectant.
Item description Equipment: Sq 001 Mortuary cooling unit, 3 corpses, 1 door, 3 trays 002 Trolley, mortuary, height adjustable 003 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 004 Table, epoxy coated frame, laminated top, 1.20 x 0.50 m (*) Q C M E 2 C M E 1 2 1 Item description Renewable/Consumables: Sq 001 Body shrouds, linen sheets 002 Body bags (Adult/child) for external transfer 003 Protective clothing for mortuary attendants, such as but not limited to: boots, caps, disposable aprons & latex gloves, etc.
UNICEF 207 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.4.
Administrative Services 3.3.4.1 Security 3.3.4.2 Medical Records 3.3.4.3 Procurement UNICEF 208 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.4.1 Security Description/Activities: Safety and security services within a hospital setting provide general security, guard patrol, preliminary investigations, but could also be involved in fire prevention, control policies and training, disaster planning and training, and measures for the general safety of staff, patients and visitors.
Other services may include lost-and-found and patient assistance.

The department operates 24 hours per day, seven days a week.

Depending on the location of the hospital, urban or rural, security can be a major concern.

It is advisable to consider security issues at the earliest stages of the planning and design of hospital services.

Greater emphasis is being placed nowadays on safety and security at health care campuses because of a rising perception of more violence and criminal activity.
The security department should preferably consist of the following room as a minimum: 01 Office UNICEF 209 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Office Activities: The administration and organization of the security services can be conducted in the office of the department supervisor.

Filing cabinets are provided for the maintenance of paper records.

A work desk is provided, as well as filing facilities.
Additionally, a two-radio has been allocated for communication during surveys.

Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Radio, two way, on-site 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 004 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 005 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 006 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) Q C M E 1 E 1 1 1 2 1 Capacity: Capacity planning with regard to safety and security services is again subject to a variety of considerations, among others to the above-mentioned reflection of the perception of safety in and around the hospital.
Depending on the scope of the services of the department, the extent of the premises and the level of security envisaged, an appropriate number of staff members and adequate equipment should be assigned to guarantee 24/7 service.

Location: Safety and security has high visibility near entrances and parking areas.

It is common to place this function close to the emergency entrance, inasmuch as this is a 24-hour entrance to the hospital.
Furthermore the service has functional relationships with the polyclinic, the parking areas of the hospital site and areas where cash is handled.

Also, fast access to central and remote areas on the premises should be a concern when locating the safety and security services.

UNICEF 210 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 4.2 Medical Records Description/Activities: Medical records will be centralised for both inpatients and outpatients.
Both categories of patients will have a separate filing system with cross reference from one to the other.

The department has functional relations with: (i) Out-patient reception: all functions related to registration of outpatients including but not limited to patient identification, establishing of outpatient records.
(ii) In-patient admission: all functions related to registration of inpatients (cross reference index with the outpatient records) including but not limited to patient identification, establishing of inpatient records, the opening of administrative (billing and invoicing) records.
(iii) Statistics and data processing services: responsible for the data collection system in the hospital, collection and treatment of all data pertaining to hospital utilization, mortality and morbidity statistics, issuing of statistical reports to the hospital administration and medical staff, secretarial services related to the management of the medical records department, including transmission of reports to the authorities and other health care facilities.
The main objective of the medical record area is filing, i.e.

all functions related to filing and retrieval of records, results of examinations and diagnostic reports and all documents pertaining to a particular patient of the hospital.

Although subject to reconsideration and verification with applicable local policies, it is advisable to keep filing for both in- and out-patients records for 3 years.

Passive filing, limited to in-patient files only, shall normally not exceed a 10 year period.
The X-ray files are included in the in- patient records.

All equipment planning in this set-up is standard manual equipment.

Plastic patient identification cards can be introduced progressively.

The medical records department should preferably consist of the following room as a minimum: 01 Records UNICEF 211 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.
Records Activities: Filing of in-patient and out-patient records according the system applicable in the hospital and to requirements of the local and/or national authorities.

Equipment: Item description Sq 001 S0187004 Trolley, general purpose, st. st., mobile, 2 trays (*) 002 Shelf, coated steel, 5 levels, starter, 1.00 m (*) 003 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.

(*) Q C M E 1 20 1 Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials.
Also their usage is not limited to this area.

Item description Sq 001 Medical record cart holders Capacity: The active file capacity planned is for approximately 15,000 files for inpatients and 35,000 outpatient files.

Passive filing has capacity for 40,000 files.

Capacity and space allocation calculations should also take into consideration facilitation for staff.
Location: As the hub for any comprehensive examination/treatment plan for all patients, the medical records department is located close to the main entrance and the outpatient department.

Connection between the medical records services and its associated hospital functions is crucial for efficiency and functionality.

The passive filing system could be located elsewhere in the hospital if required.
UNICEF 212 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.4.3 Procurement Description/Activities: The administrative services of the hospital are important for daily operation, but also to support the management of health services.

Hospital administration includes amongst others, accounting services, invoicing and billing, communications, personnel management, public relations, and procurement services.
The procurement department oversees and manages the acquisition of the necessary products and materials, required in the hospitals, hereby supporting the continuity in services of the different areas of the hospital.

The department’s activities occur both at the beginning and the final administrative stages of goods ordering and delivery.
The latter must take place in close conjunction with the different material stores for inventory control and goods received by the different supply areas (amongst others, kitchen, pharmacy, laboratory, central store) and also with the financial administration for billing or invoicing.

The present planning of procurement services envisages computer-assisted administration.
The procurement department should preferably consist of at least the following room: 01 Office (4) UNICEF 213 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 01.

Office (4) Activities: Desk-based administration and organization of the procurement services can be conducted in this office.

Computers and a photocopier are provided along with conventional filing cabinets for the collection and storage of paper records.
Work desks for four employees have been planned.

Equipment: Item description Sq 001 Telephone Unit (*) 002 Desk, office, single pedestal, 1.20 x 0.70 m (*) 003 Cabinet, filing, 4 drawers, 0.50 m 004 S0005021 Cabinet, st., double door, 4 shelves, adjust.
(*) 005 Cabinet, photocopier, 1.00 m 006 Chair, desk, height adjustable (*) 007 S5005500 Chair, stackable, without armrests 008 Basket, waste-paper, metal (*) 009 Photocopier 010 Computer, personal, stand- alone, desktop 011 Computer, personal, stand- alone, desktop, with laser printer Q C M E 4 E 4 2 1 1 4 4 2 1 3 1 E E E Item description Renewable/Consumables: Please note that these items are the essentials.

Also their usage is not limited to this area.

Sq 001 Office materials, pencils, files, etc.


002 Printer and photocopier paper 003 Printer cartridges 004 Photocopier cartridges Capacity: It is envisaged in the present plans that four employees are able to manage the workload involved in the procurement of products and materials for the hospital.

Their tasks primarily involve desk work, including the use of computer, paper storage, telephoning and interviewing.
To this end the department shall have sufficient office space to house the four employees as planned for in this setup, but also space for office equipment and to cater for interviewing and discussion.

Location: Although any location in the hospital is theoretically acceptable, the procurement services should preferably be located in the vicinity of other administrative areas such as the management or financial administration.
Furthermore, consideration could be given to working relations with and the distance from the different material stores and/or goods receiving areas.
UNICEF 214 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.4 Room-by-room space program for typical first referral level hospital d e b # 2 m t e N 2 m t e N t o T s s o r G - t e N v n o C 2 m s s o r G 3.3.1 Essential Clinical Services 3.3.1.1 Medical Ward, 30 beds 441 1,35 595 2 m s s o r G t o T 3247 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 Clean Linen Room 05 Single Bed Room 06 Toilet 07 Single Bed Room 08 Toilet 09 6-Bed Bay 10 6-Bed Bay 11 6-Bed Bay 12 6-Bed Bay 13 Toilet (20) 14 2-Bed Room 15 2-Bed Room 16 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 17 Store, equipment, inpatient 18 Kitchen 19 Bathroom 20 Soiled Utility 21 Cleaner’s room.
3.3.1.2 Surgical Ward, 30 beds 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 Clean Linen Room 05 Single Bed Room 06 Toilet 07 Single Bed Room 08 Toilet 09 6-Bed Bay 10 6-Bed Bay 11 6-Bed Bay 12 6-Bed Bay 13 Toilet (20) 14 2-Bed Room 15 2-Bed Room 16 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 17 Store, equipment, inpatient 18 Kitchen 19 Bathroom 20 Soiled Utility 21 Cleaner’s room UNICEF 215 s s o r G - t e N v n o C 2 m s s o r G 2 m t e N t o T 310 1,35 419 2 m s s o r G t o T 452 1,35 610 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 3.3.1.3 Paediatric Ward, 15 beds 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 Clean Linen Room 05 Single Bed Room, paed (0-4) 06 Toilet 07 Single Bed Room, paed (4-12) 08 Toilet 09 Single Bed Room, paed (0-4) 10 Toilet 11 6-Bed Bay, Paed (0-4) 12 6-Bed Room, Paed (4-12) 13 Toilet (10) 14 Nursing Mothers Room (6) 15 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 16 Store, eq, inpatient, paediatric 17 Kitchen 18 Bathroom 19 Soiled Utility 20 Cleaner’s room Isolation Room, baby 3.3.1.4 Maternity Ward, 25 beds 01 Staff Toilet 02 Clean Utility 03 Nurse Station 04 05 Milk Formula 06 Clean Linen Room 07 Single Bed Room 08 2-Bed 09 2-Bed 10 6-Bed Bay 11 6-Bed Bay 12 Toilet (10) 13 Nursery (8) 14 Store, equipment, inpatient 15 Kitchen 16 Bathroom 17 Soiled Utility 18 Cleaners room 19 Store, equipment, delivery 20 6-Bed Bay Labor 21 Toilet 22 Delivery Room 23 Toilet 24 Shower d e b # 1 1 1 6 6 1 2 2 6 6 8 2 m t e N UNICEF 216 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources s s o r G - 310 1,60 496 163 1,35 220 231 1,35 312 d e b # 25 Delivery Room 26 Soiled Utility 3.3.1.5 Surgical Suite, 2
 theatres 01 Reception / Nurse 02 Entrance/patient transfer 03 Staff Change 04 Toilet 05 Shower 06 Staff Change 07 Toilet 08 Shower 09 Head Nurse 10 Doctors Office 11 Theatre (No 1) 12 Scrub (2) 13 Set up area 14 Theatre (No 2) 15 Store, equipment, surgical suite 16 Store, sterile supplies 17 Clean Utility, surg.
suite 18 3-Bed Recovery 19 Staff Lounge 20 Soiled Utility 21 Cleaners room 3.3.1.6 Accident and Emergency (A & E) 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception/Nurse 04 Staff Toilet 05 Resuscitation (1) 06 Cubicles (2) 07 Treatment 08 Plaster Room 09 Clean Utility 10 Soiled Utility 11 Cleaners room 3.3.1.7 General Out-patient Dep (OPD) 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception/Nurse 04 Clean Utility 05 Staff Toilet 06 Consultation/Examination 07 Consultation/Examination 08 Eye 09 ENT 2 m t e N UNICEF 217 s s o r G - 227 1,30 295 1700 311 1,25 389 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 10 Dental 11 Paediatrics 12 Gynaecology 13 Obstetrics (USG optional) 14 Treatment/Dressing/Injection 15 Soiled Utility 16 Cleaners room 3.3.2 Essential Clinical Support Services 3.3.2.1 Imaging Centre 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception / Filing 04 Radiologist / Viewing 05 Staff Toilet 06 Sub-Waiting 07 Bucky 08 Ultrasound (optional) 09 Cubicle/change (5) 10 Fluoroscopy (optional) 11 Toilet 12 Dark Room 13 Store, chemicals, x-ray 14 Store, film, x-ray 15 Soiled Utility 16 Cleaners room 3.3.2.2 Clinical Laboratory 01 Waiting (10) 02 Reception/Specimen Collection 03 Blood Sampling 04 Toilet 05 Blood Donation 06 Hematology and blood bank area 07 Chief Laboratory 08 Staff Toilet 09 Chemistry work area 10 Bacteriology work area 11 Pathology work area 12 Glass Wash 13 Sterilization, laboratory 14 Store laboratory 15 Store, chemicals, laboratory 16 Soiled Utility 17 Cleaners room d e b # 2 m t e N UNICEF 218 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources d e b # 2 m t e N 2 m t e N t o T s s o r G - t e N v n o C 2 m s s o r G 2 m s s o r G t o T 3.3.2.3 Central Sterile Supply 414
 1,25 518 01 Receiving/Washing, CSSD 02 Non-Sterile Supply 03 Packing/sterile area 04 Autoclave (2) 05 Sterile store/issuing 06 Staff Change 07 Toilet 3.3.2.4 Physio & Reh (optional) 01 Waiting 02 Toilet 03 Reception/Nurse 04 Staff Change 05 Staff Toilet 06 Clean Utility 07 Patient Change 08 Shower 09 Gymnasium 10 Toilet (wheelchair access) 11 Soiled Utility 12 Cleaner’s room 3.3.2.5 Pharmacy 01 Outpatient issues/hatch 02 Receiving, pharmacy 03 Office 04 Bulk Store, pharmacy 05 Dispensing 06 Counter ward issue 08 Toilet 09 Cleaner’s room 3.3.3 Essential Non-Clinical Support Services 3.3.3.1 Laundry and Linen 01 Soiled Linen, Sorting 02 Infected Linen Pre-wash 03 Store, chemicals, laundry 04 Washing/Drying 05 Processing, clean work area 06 Store, clean linen and issuing 07 Sewing and repairs 08 Cleaners room 09 Staff Change (10) 10 Toilet 11 Office UNICEF 219 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources d e b # 2 m t e N 2 m t e N t o T s s o r G - t e N v n o C 2 m s s o r G 2 m s s o r G t o T 3.3.3.2 Kitchen 496 1,25 620 01 Receiving, food supplies 02 Dry Store 03 Cold Store 04 Staff Change (10) 05 Toilet 06 Staff Dining 07 Staff Lounge 08 Office 09 Vegetable Preparation 10 Fish/Meat Preparation 11 Cooking 12 Bakery 13 Store, crockery 14 Food Trolley Bay (8) 15 Cart Wash 16 Dish Wash 17 Pot Wash 18 Trash, refuse collection 19 Cleaners room 3.3.3.3 Central Store 01 Store, general 35 102 21 20 3 90 20 10 17 18 33 37 7 8 7 40 14 6 8 105 105 1,25 131 3.3.3.4 Housekeeping (Domestic Hygiene) 29 1,25 36 01 Supervisor 02 Store, housekeeping 03 Soiled Utility 04 Trash, refuse collection 3.3.3.5 Waste Management 01 Waste Room 02 Incinerator 3.3.3.6 Engineering and Maintenance 01 Office 02 Staff Change 03 Toilet 04 Shower 05 Store 06 Biomedical workshop 07 Carpentry and painting
 workshop 08 Plant, central, medical-gas, 100 b 09 Cleaners room 3.3.3.7 Transport 01 Transport 3.3.3.8 Mortuary 01 Body Store (6) 9 6 8 6 8 16 10 11 3 2 10 44 72 28 8 12 16 24 1,25 30 188 1,25 235 12 1,25 15 16 1,25 20 UNICEF 220 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources d e b # 2 m t e N 2 m t e N t o T s s o r G - t e N v n o C 2 m s s o r G 10 1,25 13 150 1,35 203 22 1,25 28 10 150 22 2 m s s o r G t o T 243 4.928 6.512 1,32 100 65 3.3.4.
Administrative Services 3.3.4.1 Security 01 Office 3.3.4.2 Medical Records 01 Records 3.3.4.3 Procurement 01 Office (4) Summary and ratios Total net m2 Total gross m2 Overall net-gross conversion ratio Number of bed m2 per bed UNICEF 221 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 4.
Definitions, Glossary and Assumptions Unless otherwise indicated, any word or phrase listed below under definitions, shall, wherever and whenever used in this document, mean the following: Access: provision must be made for easy access by disabled persons in accordance with NBR requirements.

Accessories: are complementary and add to the functions of an item of equipment, but are not always essential, e.g.
a 20X objective is useful if you are using a microscope to examine plasma for parasites, but is not required for other functions.

Accident and Emergency (A&E) Unit: is a department where 24 hour emergency service is rendered to members of the public.

Arrangements for multi-disciplinary admission facilities including intensive care must be made.

24 hour X-ray facilities must be available on the premises.

A laboratory service or acceptable alternative must be available.
A blood transfusion service must be available.

Administrative Control Area: is a room or area for administrative control, enquiries, the admission of patients and storage of records.

This must be separate from the nursing unit.

Access must not be through patient care areas.

Ceilings: the operating room ceilings must be dust proof.

Clean Utility Room: is a room for the storage of clean linen, sterilised packs, dressings and pharmaceutical supplies.

It can be used as a set-up area for wards.


Cleaners’ Room/Janitors’: is a room for the storage of cleaning equipment, the drawing of clean water, the disposal of dirty water, and the washing and drying of cleaning equipment.

This room may be combined with the dirty utility room.

Cleaning: is the process of removing visible material, such as dirt, grease, blood and body fluids and reducing the number of infectious micro-organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi and spores).
Clinical Basin: is a wash-hand basin which can be operated without hand contact.

The outlet spout should be located away from the wall.
Comprehensive Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit: is a facility that makes provision for a therapeutic programme that enables the post-acute, but medically stable patient, with remaining disabilities due to surgery, illness or trauma, to regain and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual and social functional levels, thus providing them with maximum levels of independence.

Consumables: are essential for an item to perform its basic function, e.g.

immersion oil is essential for microscopes.


Consumables are also items that are used within a short time, e.g.

cotton wool.

Corridors: all corridors where patients are being transported must have the following unobstructed width measured between walls, in order to allow passing of stretcher patients as a minimum.

Operating Theatre Units Delivery Unit All Other 2,3 m 2,3 m 2,0 m Demarcated Area: is an area where access is both restricted and controlled to allow for maximum privacy and patient safety.
Dimensions: The plan dimensions of any room or space must comply with National Building Requirements (NBR) scale requirements of the country.

Dirty Utility Room/Sluice Room: is a room used for the emptying, cleaning and storage of bedpans, urine bottles and equipment.

UNICEF 222 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Disinfection: is the process of removing or reducing the number of micro-organisms to levels that are no longer harmful.
Disinfection kills viruses, fungi and bacteria but not spores such as tetanus.

Disinfection is, therefore, safe for items that are used for some purposes but not for those where all organisms must be destroyed.

Disposables: are items designed for single use.

Disposables should only be used once and should not be re-used.
Disposal of Medical Waste and Anatomical Waste: an incinerator, macerator or other safe disposal system or arrangements shall be provided for the disposal of medical waste and must comply with relevant standards and all statutory regulations.

Incinerators should also comply with the guidelines in terms of the Atmospheric and Pollution Prevention Act with reference to air pollution control.
Doors: doors giving access to rooms in which patients are or are to be accommodated or related, shall be at least 1, 2 m wide.

Emergency Trolley/Crash Cart: is a mobile cart used for the storage of all appropriate resuscitation equipment and pharmaceuticals.

Equipment: is capital equipment and durable items that last for several years, e.g.

beds, examination tables, sterilisers, microscopes, weighing scales, and bedpans.
Fire Protection: fire hydrants, fire hoses, fire extinguishers, fire escapes and emergency exits shall be provided in accordance with the NBR and the local authority regulations.

Floors: the floors of all rooms and corridors shall be finished to a smooth washable surface or covered with washable material.
No carpets or wooden skirting will be allowed in the operating theatre suite, sterilising department, dirty utility room, kitchen, ablution rooms, procedure room, laundry, cleaner’s room, clean utility room, soiled linen room, delivery room, etc.

The floors of all operating and delivery rooms shall be of impervious material and provide a continuous and smooth impervious surface including the joint between the wall and floor.

Anti-static flooring where needed.


Impervious: means impenetrable to liquid substances.

Lifts: multi-storey buildings must have lift(s) of dimensions to safely transport patients in beds.

Where orthopaedic surgery is performed, at least one lift should be of sufficient dimensions to accommodate patient beds with traction apparatus attached.

Main Kitchen: is a room or rooms equipped for the receipt of, storage and preparation of food and beverages.
Medical Waste Disposal: is the safe and hygienic disposal of medical waste.

Nurse Station: is the control point for all activities in the patient care areas.

Nursing Unit or Ward: is a unit with the facilities to accommodate patients as specified in this regulation.

Operating Room, Operating Theatre: is a room within the operating suite in which surgical or other invasive procedures are carried out.
Operating Suite: refers to rooms within the demarcated area where surgical interventions are performed or support is provided to these surgical activities.

Pantry/Ward Kitchen: is a room or area which forms an integral part of a nursing unit or units, for the preparation of food and beverages.

If food is prepared in this room, it must comply with the main kitchen requirements.
UNICEF 223 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources Patient Care Facility: is any hospital or any other institution, building or place where provision is made for the treatment and nursing care of persons, including the following: Emergency Unit; Obstetrics; and Surgical and Medical Treatment.

Procedure Room: is a room in which certain restricted procedures can be performed without making use of general anaesthetics.
This room may be situated outside the operating suite.

Recovery Room or Area: means the section of an operating suite specially set aside for immediate post operative recovery, resuscitation, nursing and special care of patients, until such time as such patients are considered to have recovered sufficiently to be safely removed from the operating suite.

Re-usables: are items designed to be used more than once.

Re-usables should only be used after proper cleaning and sterilisation and/or disinfection.
Room Heights: in accordance with the NBR.

Any additional height specified in these regulations shall be the vertical dimension from the top of the finished floor to the underside of the ceiling.

Signage: must comply with the primary function of guiding the visitor/patient to the areas/departments/wards/rooms, which are their normal destinations, and to indicate the exits clearly.

All restricted access rooms or areas must be clearly indicated by appropriate signs.
Soiled Utility and Waste Room: is a room used for the collection and temporary storage of soiled linen and waste.

This room may be combined with the dirty utility room.

Spare parts: are required to maintain the basic function of an item of equipment, e.g.

to replace damaged, worn or lost parts, or as part of Planned Preventive Maintenance (PPM) to prevent breakdown.
Standard List: is a model list of standardised medical supplies and equipment, based on the type of preventive care, diagnostic tests, and treatments a health facility is expected to carry out.

Sterilisation: is the process of destroying or removing all forms of living organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and spores.
Sterilisation and Disinfection: Unit This facility is for the receiving, decontamination, preparation, packing, sterilising, storing and issuing of instruments and other reusable materials.

Supplies: are items that need replacing on a routine basis, including disposables, single use items, e.g.

disposable syringes and needles; expendables (sometimes also called consumables), items that are used within a short time, e.g.

cotton wool and laboratory stains; reusable items, e.g.
catheters and re-sterilisable syringes; and other items with a short lifespan, e.g.

thermometers.

Treatment Room: is the room used for the treatment of patients on the wards.

Walls: all of the surface of inside walls must be covered with a smooth finish and must be painted with a durable washable paint or covered with a similar washable impervious material.
The wall behind the wash-hand basin, clinical basin, sink and slop hopper shall have a washable impervious covering up to a height of at least 450mm above, and a distance of at least 150mm on each side of such fitting.

Wash-Hand Basin: consists of a wash basin with hand drying facilities adjacent to it.

UNICEF 224 First Referral Hospitals Functional Description, Planning of Equipment and Renewable Resources 5.
Acknowledgement We would like to thank all experts who contributed to the research, preparation, write-up and finalisation of this Planning Guide.

6.

References [1].

WHO, Regional Publications, Western Pacific Series No.

4, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 1996.

[2].

WHO, Laboratory Services for Primary Health Care: Requirements for Essential Clinical Laboratory Tests, 1998.

[3].

WHO, Laboratory Services at the Primary Health Care Level, 1987.

[4].
[4].

WHO, Strategies for the prevention of blindness in national programmes, a primary health care approach, Second Edition, 1997.

[5].

WHO, Strategies for the prevention of blindness in national programmes, a primary health care approach, Second Edition, 1997, pg.10.

UNICEF 225