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Cover Page QAMEA Sugar Research Institute of Fiji 2014 Annual Report VIWA PARLIAMENT OF FIJI PARLIAMENTARY PAPER NO.

51 OF 2018 2014 ANNUAL REPORT MISSION STATEMENT To advance the industry by excellence in technology transfer emanating from research results through science that supports innovative activities in sugar related industries and to make the Fiji Sugar Industry productive and sustainable.
Board Members Mr. Abdul Khan (Interim Chairman) Mr. Manasa Vaniqi Mr. Sundresh Chetty Mr. Sanjay Prakash (Secretary) Science Audit Committee Members Mr. Abdul Khan (Interim Chairman) Mr. Manasa Vaniqi Mr. Sundresh Chetty Mr. Sanjay Prakash (Secretary) Cover page: A first in Fiji and a first in the history of the Sugar Industry of Fiji that two new varieties, locally bred by the Sugar Research Institute of Fiji was released in 2014 for farmers to adopt.
Continuing the tradition of naming varieties after islands in Fiji, the names Qamea & Viwa were respectively adopted for LF94-694 & LF04-448 cane varieties.

2 MISSION STATEMENT | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji TABLE OF CONTENTS FORWARD PLANT BREEDING ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION FACP TABLES APPROVED VARIETIES 04 13 15 24 37 47 FINANCIAL REPORT 51 PARLIAMENT OF FIJI PARLIAMENTARY PAPER NO.
51 OF 2018 2014 ANNUAL REPORT FORWARD The release of 2 new varieties during 2014 was the major event for the Institute and it was the first time ever when 2 varieties were released at the same time.

The varieties released are Qamea an early to mid-season maturing and Viwa a mid to late maturing variety.

A total of 589 crosses were set in 2014 and 304 packets fuzz was imported from West Indies.
Some crosses were made with the Erianthus species during the crossing season and seedlings from previous years Erianthus crosses were DNA tested but none of them were positive.

The import of varieties continued during the year for expansion of the gene base that is used in developing new varieties.

A total of 52 varieties were imported that came from Australia, Vietnam and Mauritius.
A total of 1123 packets of fuzz was sown but there was very poor germination and this continues to be a major challenge for the plant breeding team.

The evaluation of clones continued in the different stages of the plant breeding program.

549 clones were advanced to stage 2 from the 13,000 stage 1 seedlings, 111 varieties progressed from stage 2 to stage 3 and 13 clones were advanced to stage 4 multi-location adaptation trials.
The analytical laboratory provides a vital link with the Grower Advisory Services.

Fertilizer recommendations are provided to the farmers to get optimum yields.

In 2014, 956 soil samples from grower’s fields were analysed for planting of sugarcane.

Sugarcane samples from Research trials are analyzed routinely and the data is used to identify promising varieties.

3030 cane samples were analysed using the Spectracane.

The production of hot water treatment seedcane continued during the year.
1019 tonnes of seedcane was produced from which 611 tonnes was taken up by the farmers.

The availability of quality seedcane for planting remains a major challenge due to the extended planting season and events of climate change.

Irrigation facilities has to be seriously looked into if good quality seedcane is to be made available for planting in the extended season.

A preliminary experiment was carried out to study the effects of combining organic fertilizer with conventional fertilizers on cane yield.
Significant increase in yield was achieved by combining the fertilizers.

The sugar industry strategic plan that was prepared in 2012 identified technology transfer as a medium for disseminating scientific findings to growers.

During the year 23 grower demonstration trials were conducted and 510 growers participated in the demonstration trials.

The training of selected farmers classified as leader farmers continued in 2014.
A total of 94 new clones were screened for Fiji leaf gall disease out of which 72 were resistant and 10 susceptible.

Special thanks are due to all staff for their continuous dedication and hard work.

I convey my hearty thanks to all staff for their tireless efforts during the release of the two new varieties.
Chief executive officer 4 FORWARD | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PLANT BREEDING Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | PLANT BREEDING 5 2014 ANNUAL REPORT PLANT BREEDING PROJECT 1: ACP PROJECT – A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FAMILY AND INDIVIDUAL MASS SELECTION METHODS AS EARLY SELECTION CRITERIA A total of 304 packets of fuzz (sugarcane seed) have been imported from West Indies of which 23 and 50 crosses are being evaluated in 2012 and 2013 trials respectively.
Two trials were underway under this project – 2012 and 2013 series having seedlings from Fiji and West Indies crosses.

The 2012 series was sampled and weighed whereas 2013 series seedlings were established and planted from West Indies crosses.

The selection in 2012 series will be done in 1st ratoon in 2015 as well as evaluation of 2013 trial plant crop.

The project funding by ACP-SRP has been extended till 2015 after which SRIF will continue with the trials.
2014 trials has not been planted due to poor germination from SRIF crosses as well as unavailability of fuzz from bi-parental cross at WISCBS and SRA which routinely carry out controlled bi- parental crosses.

PROJECT 2: ACP PROJECT - NOBILIZATION OF ERIANTHUS The following tables give a summary of crosses made since inception of this project.
Table 1: Erianthus cross made from 2010 -2013 Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total Cross made with Commercials 71 39 48 52 65 275 Officinarum 2 18 8 5 12 45 Total 73 57 56 57 77 320 Table 2: Erianthus crosses fuzz sown 2010-2013 Year Commercial Officinarum Total 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total Sown Germinated 55 3 18 15 7 98 85 18 28 22 81 234 Sown 1 5 - 17 13 36 Germinated 0 1 - 7 - 8 Sown 86 23 28 39 94 270 Germinated 55 4 18 22 7 106 A total of 52 varieties (including 14 Erianthus have been imported from Australia, Mauritius and Vietnam under this project.
More varieties are anticipated to be imported from China and also Reunion Islands in 2015.

To date, none of the hybrids produced have tested positive for Erianthus and tests are being continued with seedlings from last year’s seedlings 6 PLANT BREEDING | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROJECT 3: GERMPLASM/ BREEDING PLOTS The maintenance of re-planted core collection at Drasa continued in 2014.
All the breeding materials from farmers field was successfully transferred to SRIF’s new crossing facility at Dobuilevu.

No other major work was recorded in this project.

PROJECT 4: SUGARCANE CROSSING A total of 589 crosses comprised of 524 genetic combinations were set at Dobuilevu Cane Breeding facility from May-July 2014.

The details of the crosses are summarized in the following table.

Table 3: 2014 crosses summary e p y T Poly commercial hybrids f O .
o N s e s s o r c % c i t e n e g # s n o i t a n b m o c i % Lantern Field Poly shed 65 21 3 15% 64 21 3 17% Bi-parental Lantern 298 51% 269 51% Erianthus Bi-parental Officinarum Bi-parental Ij/ik hybrids Poly Lantern Poly shed Field Lantern Field Poly shed Field Lantern Field Poly shed 56 1 20 30 5 2 1 55 29 3 13% 6% 15% 37 1 17 18 5 2 1 55 29 2 10% 5% 17% l i a c r e m m o C l a t n e m i r e p x E Total 589 524 Germinating sugarcane seedling from fuzz Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | PLANT BREEDING 7 2014 ANNUAL REPORT PROJECT 5: FUZZ SOWING A total of 1123 packets were sown from 30/6/2014 till 19/8/2014.
The germination chamber was used for fuzz germination and very poor germination was recorded as outlined in the table below.

Table 4: 2014 fuzz sowing Year 2004 2005 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 TOTAL Sown 16 16 218 83 562 40 28 160 1123 Packs Genetic Combinations Germ 0 0 29 18 158 3 0 5 213 % 0% 0% 13% 22% 28% 8% 0% 3% 19% Sown 15 16 172 78 454 35 25 116 911 Germ 0 0 28 17 149 6 0 4 204 % 0% 0% 16% 22% 33% 17% 0% 3% 22% The poor germination is attributed to the following: 1.
Drying of germinated fuzz in the germination chamber.

The germinated trays were transferred to temporary shade houses since greenhouse was not ready to prevent further effect.

The reason for this is unknown and needs to be discussed with an expert or alternatively staff sent for training to similar facilities in Australia.

2.

The recent crosses (2012-2014) recorded very poor germination as seen in the table.
It is anticipated that crosses in the lanterns at the cane breeding facility did not give viable seed.

The results were also same in fuzz sowing in 2013.

Germination tests had given zero seedlings and experiments need to be done to ascertain cause of poor germination whether result of poor cross management or poor fuzz handling, storage and sowing however poor cross management and lack of staff expertise with lantern crosses is strongly suspected.
It is strongly recommended that a consultant be brought from Australia who has worked with lantern crosses or staff attached briefly for study and management of lantern crosses.

3.

The fuzz may not have dried well in the de-humidification facility.

The drying/ dehumidifying period in the new de-humidification facility may have to be extended.

It was seen that some germination was noted in crosses that were dried for longer.
Few experiments were done with same crosses dried outside and dried inside the chamber which confirm this however more vigilant experiments would be done in 2015 whereby weekly germination tests would be done to ascertain this.

8 PLANT BREEDING | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROJECT 6: STAGE 1 A total of 549 selections were done from approx.

13000 seedlings in LF2013 Stage 1 trial.


The seedlings were selected using brix and visual characteristics in comparison to commercials planted as standards in this trial.

Approximately 8600 seedlings were planted for LF2014 Stage 1.

PROJECT 7: STAGE 2 LF2012 Stage 2 trial got partially burnt in August after which 111 clones were sampled and 7 clones that were selected were propagated in the greenhouse as single eye-sett.
The remaining clones were sampled in September and 80 clones selected were planted as LF2012 Stage 3 in Rarawai Field 6.

The selections were based on the biochemical results and comparison with standard and field grading.

LF2013 Stage 2 was planted progressively from 20-25 November, 2014 in Rarawai Field 5 and Field 6 using 549 selections from LF2013 Stage 1.
PROJECT 8: STAGE 3 A total of 13 varieties were selected from LF2011 Stage 3 and are being propagated in Rarawai and Labasa for Stage 4 planting at all mills in April-May next year.

The seedcane from this trial have also been sent for FLG screening at Drasa facility.

The details of the selections are presented in the table below.
All the selected varieties had %pocs more than the average for the standards (Mana, Naidiri and Kiuva) whereas only 1 variety had low %fibre (LF11-182) however had been selected for good sugar and good appeal in the field.

The appeal was based on the variety stand (gaps), lodging (heavy, slightly), trash (clinging or free trashing), stalk height/ thickness, vigour and disease symptoms/ stress.
A total of 80 varieties has been planted as LF2012 Stage 3 using selections from LF2012 Stage 2 whereas 5 more varieties that were selected from the burnt portion will be planted in December.
Table 5: LF2011 Stage 3 selections for Stage 4 Variety LF11-182 LF11-293 LF11-266 LF11-229 LF11-096 LF11-118 LF11-192 LF11-021 LF11-268 LF11-129 LF11-232 LF11-200 LF11-233 Std Rep Trt 1 BRD 2 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD 2 BRD 1 BRD 1 BRD Brix Pol Purity %Fibre %Pocs APPEAL A C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ C+ Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | PLANT BREEDING 9 Std Rep Trt Brix Pol Purity %Fibre %Pocs APPEAL 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Table 5 Cont’d Variety STDS MANA MANA MANA MANA AVG NAIDIRI NAIDIRI NAIDIRI NAIDIRI AVG KIUVA STD STD STD STD STD STD STD PROJECT 9: STAGE 4 The LF2010 series was planted at all mills however trials at Lautoka and Penang was abandoned due to poor germination and lack of seed cane material for supply (fill in the gaps).
LF2009 series plant crop, LF2008 series 1st ratoon crop and LF2007 series second ratoon crop was evaluated.

New variety (Viwa) being dumped at Rarawai Mill for Large Mill testing (2013) 10 PLANT BREEDING | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROJECT 10: NEW VARIETIES RELEASED The year 2014 will go down in the history books as this was the first time that the Research division released two new varieties at the same time.
The two varieties are LF94-694 and LF04-448 that have been given the names “Qamea” and “Viwa” respectively.
Brief details of the varieties are outlined below and more can be found on our website: www.srif.net.fj Variety 1: QAMEA (LF94-694) Table 6: Profile of variety QAMEA Variety name Qamea (LF94-694) Parentage Mana x LF58-6023 Seedling number LF94-694 Year released 2014 Appearance Internodes are of uniform length, medium thickness, and purplish in color when unexposed and becomes dark purple when exposed.
The stalks of LF94-694 generally are long and heavy Germination Germinates in 10+ days Tillering Growth Trashing Profuse and produces high number of stalks per stool under normal growing conditions Vigorous early-mid stage and slightly slow during late growing phase Free – loosely clinging easily removed Flowering Moderately Soil type suitability Seasonal sugar Cane yield Poor/ medium and rich land Early – mid maturing High – capable of producing 120+ conditions Sugar yield High tc/ha on fertile soils under rain fed Resistance to extreme Events Lodging Fiji Leaf Gall Disease Downy mildew Water logging – moderate Cyclones – lodges but tolerates moderate wind speeds Lodges easily due to high stool population.
Recommend deep furrow for planting and hilling up after fertilization Highly resistant Moderately resistant Borer damage Moderately resistant Table 7: Recommended harvesting period based on maturity for Qamea Nov Aug Sep Jun Oct Jul Dec Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | PLANT BREEDING 11 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Maturity trend for Qamea The sugarcane starts maturing with the onset of the dry season and in cooler months from mid-May.
Understanding the maturity of sugarcane is important in planning the harvesting schedule.

Varieties that have relatively high sucrose content at the beginning of the season are often said to mature early in the season, although their peak sucrose content occurs at the same time as other varieties.

The crushing season should start with more early maturing cane for 6-8 weeks up till the end of July before the mid to late maturing cane can be harvested and crushed.
Qamea is an early maturing variety and can be harvested from beginning of crushing season in June.

Maturity trends for sucrose (%pocs) accumulation of commercial varieties s c o p % 15.5 15.0 14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 Jun Jul Aug Sep Kiuva Naidiri Mana Qamea LF91-1925 Graph 1: Maturity trends for sucrose (%pocs) accumulation of commercial varieties Distinguishing Features Crumpled leaf at base of leaf blade and top portion of leaf sheath.

Outer leaf sheath is purplish in color.


Bud Trashing Crumped leaf Purplish sheath 12 PLANT BREEDING | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Variety 2: VIWA (LF04-448) Table 9: Profile of variety VIWA Variety name Viwa (LF04-448) Parentage LF97-29 x LF70-6101 Seedling number LF04-448 Year released 2014 Appearance Internodes are of uniform length, thin -medium thickness, and yellowish green in colour when unexposed and becomes yellowish when exposed.

The stalks of Viwa are generally very tall.
Germination Germinates in 10+ days Tillering Growth Trash Moderate and produces 6-7 stalks per stool under normal growing conditions Rapid elongation after tillering stage Loosely clinging and can be easily trashed Flowering Does not flower Soil type suitability Poor/ medium Seasonal sugar Mid to late maturing Cane yield Capable of producing 70+ conditions tc/ha on poor-medium soils under rain fed Sugar yield High Tolerance Water logging - moderate Drought - moderate Lodging Does not lodge easily Fiji Leaf Gall Disease Highly resistant Downy mildew Not screened Pest infestation Mild to rodent attack Borer damage Moderately resistant Table 10: Recommended harvesting period based on maturity for Viwa Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | PLANT BREEDING 13 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Maturity trend for Viwa The sugarcane starts maturing with the onset of the dry season and in cooler months from mid-May.
Understanding the maturity of sugarcane is important in planning the harvesting schedule.

Varieties that have relatively high sucrose content at the beginning of the season are often said to mature early in the season, although their peak sucrose content occurs at the same time as other varieties.

The crushing season should start with more early maturing cane for 6-8 weeks up till the end of July before the mid to late maturing cane can be harvested and crushed.
Viwa is a mid-late maturing variety and its sugar content continues to rise during the harvesting season and can be harvested from late July onwards.

Maturity trends for sucrose (%pocs) accumulation of commercial varieties 15.5 15.0 14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 12.0 s c o p % Jun Jul Aug Sep Kiuva Naidiri Mana LF91-1925 Viwa Graph 2: Maturity trends for sucrose (%pocs) accumulation of commercial varieties Distinguishing Features Viwa has tall stalks of medium thickness and erect stand.
It is a high fibre variety that does not lodge easily and is suited for mechanical harvesting.

This variety is also tolerant to drought conditions.
Medium thickness stalks Tall/Long stalks Bud 14 PLANT BREEDING | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY 15 2014 ANNUAL REPORT ANALYTICAL LABORATORY SERVICES The analytical laboratory acts as a link between the growers and the industry by providing analytical services for advisory and research programs.
This service is essential due to the rising cost of fertilizers and to maintain optimum production in the future.

Analytical services provided at SRIF analytical laboratory include soil, foliar and cane analysis.

Soil and leaf samples are received from all sugar cane district including Penang, Rarawai, Lautoka and Labasa for fertilizer recommendation.
SOIL ANALYSIS A total of nine hundred and fifty six soil samples were analyzed of which there were one hundred and eighteen research soil samples and eight hundred and thirty three advisory soil samples.

It must be noted that the number of samples sent to for fertilizer advisory services has decreased over the years.

The extension services are failing to make full use of the available facilities.

A training session was held for FSC extension staffs to demonstrate soil and leaf sampling.
Procedures for sampling were explained to the extension officers and proper sample handling methods were taught.

Training was also held by Mr. Brian Daly, a consultant from New Zealand, for laboratory staffs on operation of Flow Injection Analysis and Quality assurance to improve efficiency in the laboratory.

The laboratory is now able to produce Fertilizer recommendation sheets at SRIF.
The laboratory also actively participated in training held for farmers in coordination with Fair trade and European Union.

Staffs conducted presentations and field demonstrations for framers in various sectors.

The farmers were asked to make better use of the services available to them by taking initiatives in conducting soil and leaf sampling by growers.
Table 1: Summary of soil samples for 2014 District Lautoka Rarawai Penang Labasa Total Advisory 380 113 3 342 838 Research 109 - 9 - 118 The analytical laboratory took part in ASPAC proficiency programs and received certificates for Electrical conductivity and analysis of magnesium in soil.

The laboratory continues to adhere to quality control checks in every analysis.
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS The small mill aims to provide necessary information on cane such as %pol, brix, %fiber and %POCS to respective personnel in the institute regarding various plant breeding, agronomy and disease trials.

It is a vital aspect for selection of varieties from breeding plots.

A total of 3030 cane samples were crushed for the year.
This consisted of samples for Germplasm, 16 ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Stage 4 (LF-2007 and LF-2008, LF-2009) trials, Stage 3 (LF-2011, LF-2012) trials and Agronomy trials (Stand Up, potassium, time of harvest), Pest & Disease and Variety trials.
Table 2: Summary of cane samples for 2014 ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Department Variety Agronomy Disease Grand Total METEOROLOGY Trial name Germplasm LF2007 – Stg 4 LF 2008 – Stg 4 LF-2009 – Stg 4 LF 2011- Stg 3 LF 2012 – Stg 3 Family selection - 2012 SumaGrow Potassium trial Time of Harvest Pest & Disease No of samples 1484 368 93 208 120 360 85 24 24 36 100 Total 1484 84 100 3030 Rainfall The annual rainfall for all the 4 mills was below average when compared to the 44 years average.
For Lautoka, all the months recorded below average rainfall except for the months of April, May and December which recorded close or above average rainfall when compared to the 44 years average rainfall.

For Rarawai, May recorded above average rainfall and the rest of the month recorded below average rainfall.

For Penang, January, March, April, June, July, August, September and November experienced above rainfall while the other months received less rain compared to the 44 years average.
For Labasa, January, March to October received above average rainfall while the other months had little rain.

El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular cycle of persistent warming and cooling of sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean.

The warm extreme is known as El Niño and cold extreme, La Niña.

The term El Niño is given to a local warming of the ocean near the Peruvian coast in South America that appears around Christmas.
Scientists now refer to an El Niño event as sustained warming over a large part of central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean.

This warming is usually accompanied by persistent negative values of Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), a decrease in the strength or reversal of the trade winds and a reduction in rainfall over most of Fiji (not immediate effect as there is a lag period) which can, especially during moderate to strong event, lead to drought.
La Niña La Niña is sustained cooling of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean.

The cooling is usually accompanied by persistent positive values of SOI, an increase in strength of the equatorial trade winds and higher than normal rainfall for most of the Fiji (not immediate Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY 17 2014 ANNUAL REPORT effects as there is a lag period), with frequent and sometimes severe flooding, especially during the wet season (November to April).
Relative Humidity The relative humidity calculated at 0900 hours was above average for the months of January, February, May, June and July while the rest of the months was below average when compared to the 44 years average.

Earth Thermometers The earth thermometer at the depth of 5ch was slightly below the long-time average for the months of February, May and July whereas at the depth of 10cm was the same or slightly below average for the months of July, August, November and December.
There were no readings recorded for the 20cm earth thermometer because it was being damaged.

Air Temperatures The daytime air temperatures are very close to and above average or normal to above normal for Lautoka Mill during January to December 2014.

The highest maximum temperature recorded was 34.4 for the month of February and the lowest minimum temperature recorded was 14.0 for the month of July.

Table 3: Rainfall (mm) for all mills 2014 Mills Lautoka Mill Monthly Rainfall No.

of rain days 44 yrs.


Avg.

(1971-2014) % of Average Rarawai Mill Monthly Rainfall No.

of rain days 44 yrs.

Avg.

(1971-2014) % of Average Penang Mill Monthly Rainfall No.

of rain days 44 yrs.

Avg.

(1971-2014) % of Average Labasa Mill Monthly Rainfall No.

of rain days 44 yrs.

Avg.
(1971-2014) % of Average Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Table 4: Rainfall Data (mm) for Lautoka Mill 2014 ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Sectors Drasa No.
of rain days Saweni No.

of rain days Natova No.

of rain days Legalega No.

of rain days Meigunyah No.

of rain days Malolo No.

of rain days Nawaicoba No.

of rain days Yako No.

of rain days Lomawai No.

of rain days Cuvu No.

of rain days Olosara No.
of rain days Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Table 5: Rainfall Data (mm) for Rarawai Mill 2014 Sectors Varoko No.
of rain days Mota No.

of rain days Koronubu No.

of rain days Rarawai No.

of rain days Veisaru No.

of rain days Varavu No.

of rain days Naloto No.

of rain days Tagitagi No.

of rain days Drumasi No.

of rain days Yaladro No.
of rain days Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY 19 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Table 6: Rainfall Data (mm) for Penang Mill 2014 Sectors Ellington 1 No.
of rain days Malau No.

of rain days Nanuku 9 No.

of rain days Ellington 11 289 No.
of rain days 13 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total 819 24 187 114 N/R N/R N/R N/R 106 99 12 36 5 65 520 2174 9 20 157 45 149 1312 2 4 57 174 62 381 1866 12 9 16 105 Table 7: Rainfall Data (mm) for Labasa Mill 2014 Sectors Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Waiqele No.
of rain days Wailevu No.

of rain days Vunimoli No.

of rain days Korowiri (Labasa) No.

of rain days Nagigi (Bucaisau) No.

of rain days Wainikoro No.

of rain days Natua (Seaqaqa) No.
of rain days ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Table 8: Meteorological data for Sugar Research Institute of Fiji, Lautoka 2014 Measurements Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Relative Humidity 69 78 74 71 75 73 70 62 63 65 61 67 45 yrs Avg.
(1970-2014) 75 77 77 75 74 72 69 68 69 66 70 72 Air Temperature (°C) Mean maximum 32 31 32 30 29 29 28 29 30 30 31 31 Mean Max 45 yrs Avg.

(1970-2014) 32 31 31 31 30 28 28 28 29 31 31 31 mean Minimum 23 24 24 22 22 21 18 19 21 22 22 23 Mean Min 45yrs Avg.
(1970-2014) 24 24 24 24 22 20 20 20 21 26 23 23 Mean 28 28 28 28 26 24 24 24 25 29 27 27 Highest Maximum 34 34 33 32 32 31 32 32 33 33 33 34 Lowest Minimum 22 20 22 20 18 16 14 14 19 18 18 22 Evaporation Raised pan 203 150 175 147 136 124 121 183 198 197 204 166 Raised pan: 45 yrs Avg.

(1970-2014) P:E ratio 5cm 10cm 45yrs Avg.

(1970-2014)) 5cm 45yrs Avg.
(1970-2014) 10cm Earth Thermometers 29 28 29 27 24 24 23 - - - - - 29 28 28 27 24 24 23 24 28 27 28 28 29 29 29 27 26 - - - - - - - 24 24 - 24 24 26 - - - - 29 29 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY 21 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Phosphorous project The chemistry laboratory has been involved in a collaborative project among Fiji, Jamaica & Mauritius conducted under EU funded Sugar Research Program, which is titled REGULATING PHOSPHORUS IN SUGAR CANE TO DECREASE PRODUCTION COSTS AND TO PROTECT FRESH WATER RESOURCES IN ACP STATES.
The objective of this project is to identify high P soils, determine the sugarcane farms vulnerability to erosion and runoff and to develop the P index, which will combine the factors of source and vulnerability to transport to identify sources of P movement within a watershed.
The expected outcome is to predict soil test P in both agronomic status and environmental status of sugarcane soils, to enlarge scope of current soil P test to indicate environmental status of sugarcane soil and to determine an environmental threshold.

The project officially commenced in April 2011 whereby the rainfall simulator had to be calibrated initially after which the field simulation commenced.
Simulated rainfall was applied on 20 sites having 3 slopes each with different rainfall intensities with different soil test phosphorous levels.

Runoff was collected in it’s entirely for 30 minutes analyzed for total P and dissolved reactive phosphorous.

Soil samples were collected from 0-15cm and 15-30cm depths.

The analysis of all 20 sites has been completed.

Results have been dispatched to MSIRI for verification.
Analysis completed have shown the positive result of soil P test of calcium chloride P against troug P since the correlation values for all tests relies on r=0.67 to r=0.87.

The points plotted in the graph were all in one trend following troug Moreover it was also found out that during higher rainfall intensities with steep slopes more sediment loss is experienced.
Table 9: Study sites Site 1 2 Location Vitogo Wairabetia Sabeto_ 2 Sabeto_3 Sabeto_4 Solovi_1 Solovi_2 Solovi_3 Solovi_4 Drasa Nawaicoba Sonaisali Drasa lomolomo Drasa lomolomo 2 Masimasi Maro Nukuloa Farm no.
1175 14496 14690 23054 23064 10771 23065 14126 3938 3900 14064 14063 14640 5119 32092 location Lautoka Lautoka Nadi Nadi Nadi Nadi Nadi Nadi Nadi Lautoka Nadi Nadi Lautoka Lautoka Nadi Sigatoka Ba Sector Lovu Lovu Natova Natova Natova Meiguniyah Meiguniyah Meiguniyah Meiguniyah Drasa Nawaicoba Nawaicoba Drasa Drasa Natova Lomowai Naloto 22 ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Table 10 : Collection of samples Study Site Slope and rainfall intensity Number of sample collected Runoff Bedload Soil ANNUAL REPORT 2014 1.
Vitogo 2.

Wairabetia 3.

Rarawai 4.

Sabeto_1 5.

Sabeto_ 2 6.

Sabeto_3 7.

Sabeto_4 8.

Solovi_1 9.

Solovi_2 10.

Solovi_3 11.

Solovi_4 12.

Drasa 13.

Nawaicoba 14.

Sonaisali 15.
Drasa lomolomo 3 slopes by 3 rainfall intensities 1 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 1 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 2 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 1 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 2 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 2 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 2 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensités 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 16.
Drasa lomolomo 2 17.

Masimasi Sabeto 18.

Kambisi Sigatoka 19.

MARO Sigatoka 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 20.
Nukuloa 3 slope by 3 rainfall intensities 18 6 5 49 25 66 49 107 70 81 96 78 70 74 74 74 50 82 76 70 - - - Discarded sites- Rarawai, Naiwaicoba1, Nawaicoba 2 and Meiguniyah due to spectrophotometer malfunction.
The results for 20 sites has been dispatched to Mauritius for data analysis and development of P index which later is going to be used for generating fertilizer recommendation for fertilizer advisory service to the growers.

Suspended load Determination of the Suspended load in runoff samples is estimating sediment loss during runoff events.

Data collection of this analysis is collected for future prediction, control and management of suspended load transport as a natural process.

Sol1 against sab-3 Susp.


Load sab-3 Susp.

Load sol1 Table 11: Rainfall intensity Sol-1 Sab-3 146.9mm/h 59mm/h 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | ANALYTICAL LABORATORY & METEOROLOGY 23 2014 ANNUAL REPORT CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 24 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 CROP PROTECTION Fiji Leaf Gall Disease (FLGD) Screening new varieties for Fiji disease resistance continued again this year.
The 2011 series was tested for resistance.

A total of 94 varieties were tested for the resistance to Fiji disease.

A trial was conducted during the year 2014.

The linear equation is y=-5.9523x+102.35 resistance to FDV.

Some of the varieties released for commercial cultivation over the years show differences in the field reaction to the Fiji disease.

Example: The variety Mana is highly resistance to Fiji disease and has rating of 1.
Under field conditions this variety shows intermediate resistance for Fiji disease.

The varieties which have been given resistance ratings probably are not resistant.

They may only tolerant to the disease and act a carrier of the virus.

Table 1: Number of clones screened for Fiji leaf gall disease Series screened LF 2011 Clone Resistance (Ratings) Resistance (1-3) 72 Moderate (4-6) 12 Susceptible (7-9) 10 Table 2: LF2011 rating list Screened Ratings No.
of clones 70 0 2 5 3 4 1 7 2 Figure 1: Screening LF2011 clones for FLG Disease control unit The disease control team covered an area of 5,485 ha during their crop inspection of tis total 1,487ha were plant crops and 4,998 ha were ratoon crops.

Table 3: Summary of roguing inspections in 2014 Mill District Lautoka Nadi Labasa Sigatoka Ba/Tavua Total No.
of Farms Inspected 250 277 716 268 293 1,804 Area Rouged (Ha) Plant 26.86 132.16 1040.48 177.64 110.27 1,487 Ratoon 535.33 892.59 2792.46 380.26 397.1 4,998 No.
of FLGD stools Rouged 0 184 0 88 24 296 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 25 2014 ANNUAL REPORT CROP PRODUCTION Technology Transfer 2014 The Sugar Industry Strategic Plan (SAP) that was developed in late 2012 identified technology transfer as a critical function in delivering research outcomes to the farmers and millers.

A new approach to technology transfer was recommended in SAP wherein SRIF was tasked to adopt, to better meet the needs of its customers.
Two key elements of the refined approach were developed.

Firstly, a process for identification and assessment of the subject material of the initiative, which entailed inclusion of all stakeholders in planning the technology transfer initiative.

Secondly, the implementation of this strategy, which involved an outreach that included interactive farmer workshops and grower demonstration trials.
The subject material for the initiative concerned the industry’s principal problem of declining cane production with low yields, which results in substantive direct and indirect losses annually.

Successful technology transfer interventions start by involving all stakeholders that participate in determining the content and style of the proposed interaction and the content of the intervention has to be varied to cater for particular requirements of the different categories.
Technology transfer in itself is a simple concept, but it requires a huge investment in resources, both in the planning and post-implementation phases, in order to achieve a reasonable measure of success.

Traditionally, technology transfer was viewed as the responsibility of the Extension Officer (EO) who was based in each of the sectors.

With the support of the mill general managers and farm advisory manager and farmer “perceived” needs, the EO drew up the local program of work to address the problems.
Some of the major reasons for the lack of adoption of the recommendations from research were  Farmer’s lack of awareness of own problems  Long-term economics not clearly presented – need to show long-term benefit  Apathy and complacency – “just have to live with it” syndrome  Lack of ‘user-friendly’ information pack The direction of flow of information in addressing a problem would traditionally have started at the institute, where the knowledge from the specialists would have been transformed into a recommendation in the form of a publication (booklet, information sheet) or hands on approach of demonstration that focuses on the sugarcane farmer as the end-user of the information.
Grower Demonstration Trials The table below summaries the grower demonstration trials that were carried out from late 2013 to 2014.
In summary:  23 Trials Conducted  510 growers attended grower demonstration trial field days 26 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Table 4: Summary of grower demonstration trials ANNUAL REPORT 2014 District Lautoka Demonstration topics Weed control Lautoka Weed control Comments Cane was burnt before info day could be held 30 growers attended information day Varieties/weed control Ragnar/Naidiri/Beqa/Aiwa Cane was burnt before info day could be held 2 No Location/Sector Qalitu/Lovu 1 Nand Kishore Lomolomo/Saweni Jagdish Singh F No 721 Nawaicoba/F No10586 Jainendra Kumar Uciwai/Yako Log Nadan F/No 4003 Raviravi/Drasa 5 3 4 6 7 8 9 Varoka F No 8726 Ujjagar Singh Mota Arun Sharma 9673060 Drumasi F No 3928 Ajay Kumar Tagitagi Mun Samy 34166 10 Malau Est of Abdul Gani 11 Malau Ram Bhajan 12 Nanuku F/No 880 Kaliyan Prasad 14 15 16 Mohammed Jameer Lomawai F No 5116 Anand Prakash Lomawai F No 11604 Vinay Prasad Lomawai F No 11085 Est of Mohd Yunus Nadi Nadi Lautoka Ba Ba Tavua Tavua Penang Penang Penang Sigatoka 13 Malolo F No 2561 Nadi Varieties/weed control Ragnar/Naidiri/Beqa/Aiwa Weed control/varieties Weed control/varieties LF94-694 Weed control Varieties/weed control Ragnar/Naidiri/Beqa/Aiwa Weed control/varieties LF94-694 Varieties Ragnar/Naidiri/Beqa Variety/Weed controls Aiwa Weed control Variety/Weed control Beqa New variety/weed control Sigatoka weed control Sigatoka Weed control 17 Marika Ratoto Mota Varietal spread (2ha) 18 Marika Morawa 19 Elenoa Tawai 20 Sivo Naqesa 21 Aisea Ratoto 22 Ratu Jone Kedraika Nasolo Nasolo Nasolo Varietal spread (4.5ha) Varietal spread committed Not planted Varietal spread committed Not planted, Varietal spread committed Not planted, Nawaicoba Seedcane Naidiri (2.4ha) Nasolo Field affected by water logging and cane died Field affected by water logging and cane died 80 growers attended information day 100 growers attended information day hosted by FSC Cane was burnt before info day could be held 75 growers attended information day Poor germination 80 growers attended information day Cane was burnt before info day could be held 70 growers attended information day hosted by Fairtrade Information day planned for 2015 No information day held due to dry weather No information day held due to dry weather Information day planned for 2015 For seedcane For seedcane For seedcane For seedcane For seedcane 23 Gyan Singh Veisaru Weed control/varieties LF94-694 75 growers attended information day Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 27 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Lead Farmer training The table below summaries the lead farmer training that was carried out for the period 2013 – 2014.
Summary:  Each LEAD FARMER chosen to attend this training represents 10 growers from his locality  2860 growers were represented by 286 Lead Farmers Table 5: Lead farmer training summary (TT – Technology Transfer) No Sectors Dates No of Farmers Drasa Lovu/Lautoka Saweni/Natova Legalega/Meiguniyah Qeleloa Malolo Lomawai Yako/Nawaicoba Cuvu/Olosara Subtotal Koronubu Varoko Rarawai Veisaru Varavu Mota/Naloto Drumasi Yaladro Subtotal Nanuku/Malau Ellington 1 & II Subtotal Grand total LAUTOKA MILL AREA TRAININGS 05/08 - 09/08 2013 19/08 - 23/08 2013 02/09 - 06/09 2013 16/09 - 20/09 2013 30/09 - 04/10 2013 11/11 – 15/11 2013 25/11 – 29/11 2013 23 – 27 / 06 2014 RARAWAI MILL AREA TRAININGS 14 – 18 July 2014 28 July – 1 August 2014 11 – 15 August 2014 16 – 20 Feb 2015 23 – 27 Feb 2015 02 – 06 March 2015 PENANG MILL AREA TRAININGS 17-21 Nov. 2014 08-12 Dec. 2014 17 15 13 15 23 22 16 16 137 21 19 20 22 16 18 116 17 16 33 286 Weed booklet (this project has been placed on hold pending administrative directives.)
Compilation of 1st Draft of Weed Booklet for:  Weed identification  Weed control Booklet write up in progress  60 % Completed  Editing, Verification, Design and Artwork in progress Visiting Grower demonstration trials & Conducting Lead farmer training 28 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Figure 2: Sample pages from the weed booklet Seed cane nursery program Heat treatment of seed cane before planting is used to eliminate bacterial disease such as Ratoon Stunting Disease and some minor fungal diseases prior to the establishment of seed cane nurseries.
A long hot-water treatment of 50° C for 2-3 hours temperature/ time range used in Fiji after experimentations of varietal heat tolerance.

Heat treatment for seed cane production continued in the 2014 season.

The uptake of seed cane from the estates in 2014has improved gradually as a result of farmers realizing the benefits of planting seed cane from approved plots and the availability of the government grant of F$8.4M for land preparation.
Table 6: Uptake trend of seed cane from Approved seed plots Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total seed cane available Total seed cane taken % uptake to date 4368 3776.2 2268 490.8 1019 176.45 237.46 177.31 217.8 611.4 4.0 6.3 7.8 44.4 60 The amount of seed cane that was available for planting in 2014 was 1019 tonnes in Mother plots in Drasa and Rarawai Estates that if all is taken via Extension will cover an estimated area of 203.8ha.
The uptake of seed cane from our nurseries increased in 2014 to about 60% of the total seed available on our estates.

This has contributed to the increased planting during the year as a result of the Fiji government grant of F$8.4M for planting.
Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 29 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Viwa, 100 Beqa, 10 Aiwa, 101 Ragnar, 98 Naidiri, 205 Kiuva, 215 Qamea, 25 LF91-1925, 105 Chart 1: Seed cane available from heat treated plots (tonnage) Kaba, 160 The greenhouse was completed in June and planting under the greenhouse protocol proceeded with a total 0.7ha transferred to the field with five different varieties.

Figures 4 – 10 shows the sequence of events carried out for treated seedcane.
Figure 3: Greenhouse facility at Drasa 30 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Figure 4: Filling potting mix into the 32-hole trays Figure 5: Germinating seedlings in the greenhouse Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 31 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Figure 6: Irrigation in the green house Figure 7: Greenhouse seedlings ready to be transferred 32 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Figure 8: Seedlings trimmed for hardening before transplanting Figure 9: Transfer of seedlings into the field Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 33 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Figure 10: Planting seedlings in the field An inspection of the hot water treated seed bed was done and found only minor leaf diseases present.
Samples taken for RSD incidence are yet to be analyzed by SRIF Pathology lab.

HWT seed cane sold from the estates totaled 611.4t which was taken by farmers directly including FSC Nursery Officers.

A good amount of seed cane was given freely through the SRIF Technology Transfer demonstration plots for “weed control” and “varietal spread” in farmers’ fields.
Effect of Farm Organic on Cane and Sugar Yields in Comparison with Recommended rates of chemical fertilization A trial was planted to study the effect of organic fertilizer (SumaGrow) on cane and sugar yields in comparison with recommended rates of chemical fertilizer.

The treatments included; 100% chemical fertilizer, 50% chemical fertilizer and 50% organic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer, seedcane dipped in 2.5% organic fertilizer.
Based on the calculated yield the trial showed (graph 1) that by applying organic fertilizer (SumaGrow) in combination with commercial fertilizers can increase cane and sugar yield significantly.

Organic fertilizer (SumaGrow) is capable of producing good tonnage, producing 90 - 97 tons per hectare (treatment 3 and treatment 4) of cane when used alone.

However, the effect is enhanced when used in combination with commercial fertilizer producing 121 tons per hectare of cane (treatment 2).
The effects of SumaGrow need to be studied on plant and ratoon stages of sugarcane on different soil types and different sugarcane varieties to be able to recommend SumaGrow for sugarcane.

34 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Graph showing tc/ha in different treatments tc/ha 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 2 3 4 Treatments Graph 1: tc/ha in different treatments Effects of potassium fertilization on plant cane and successive ratoons.
Second ratoon was harvested and data was evaluated.

The treatment fertilizer used was Muriate of Potash (50%) a three different rates; 80, 125, and 200 K kg/ha.

The cane was supplied with top dressing of ammonium sulphate at 120 kg/ha 6 weeks after harvesting.

Amine 2, 4 D and Valper were applied as post emergence at 4 kg/ha after emergence of weeds.

A pre-harvest sampling of cane was carried out from each treatment to determine %brix, %pol, %pocs %fiber.
The cane from each plot was weighed to determine cane and sugar yields obtained from each treatment.

From the data obtained for the trial, it is evident there is no significant effect of potassium on cane yield.

The trial will be continued to third ratoon for evaluation.

The effects of time of harvest on sugarcane yield in Fiji.

Three commercial varieties of sugarcane Kiuva, Naidiri and Mana were planted to evaluate optimum harvesting time for different varieties.
The trial was harvested thrice in the harvesting season, early harvesting (July), mid harvesting (August) and late harvesting (September) and weighed manually.

Six stalks were randomly selected from each treatment to determine %brix, %pol and %fibre and %pocs.

The tons of sugar obtained per hectare were found to be significantly different within all three harvesting seasons.

Yield of sugar was found to be higher in late harvesting season.
The percent brix for Kiuva and Naidiri are higher than more commonly planted variety Mana in all harvesting season including early harvesting season.

Nitrogen trial Nitrogen is one of the main building blocks of protein.

It is responsible for growth and expansion of green leaves and is essential for photosynthesis and sugar production.

Application rates of nitrogen in the field are determined by leaf and soil analysis done in the lab.
Three nitrogen trials have been established in Seaqaqa to study the effect of different rates of nitrogen fertilizer on cane growth and yield in the field.

The data from these trials shows that 150 Kg N per hectare gave higher plant population with tallest plants, which was Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION 35 2014 ANNUAL REPORT followed by 120 Kg N per hectare.
Even though 150 Kg N per hectare recorded higher plant growth and population 120 Kg N per hectare gave economic growth and yield which is desirable for profit in the field.

Phytotoxic effect of Diuron Diuron is the most commonly used herbicide in sugarcane fields of Fiji.

Four different varieties were planted at different locations with two different rates of Diuron applied which were 4 kg/ha and 6kg/ha.

Phytotoxic effect of this chemical on cane plant was evaluated.
Application of Diuron at 6kg per hectare hindered the sugar cane plant growth.

This resulted in lower cane sugar yield.

Hence it can be said that applying 6kg of Diuron per hectare causes phytotoxic effect in sugar cane plant.

Farmers should apply the recommended rate in their farm to obtain optimum yield, where as if applied in excess can cause yield loss.

Legume trial Planting of legume crops with sugarcane tends to fix nitrogen in the soil and also becomes a source of cash income for the farmers.
Ragnar variety was planted at two different locations with legume treatments which were peanut, urd and cowpea.

These three legumes were sprayed at three different stages which were before flowering, after flowering and after fruiting.

The result showed that cowpea at after flowering gave better plant growth and yield.
Also the nitrogen content of the plant was highest at flowering stage which concludes that planting legume and spraying it out at flowering stage will add maximum amount of nitrogen back in the soil.

Effect of lime on soil properties and sugarcane yield in Fiji.

Fiji soils are acidic in nature which may be one of the reasons attributed to the declining productivity of sugarcane.
There are various reasons of increased pH such as:  Continuous mono-culturing of sugarcane on Fiji soils  Soil erosion  Continuous use of ammonia based fertilizers on sugarcane cultivated soils To verify this problem, two lime trials have been established in Seaqaqa and one in Drasa to study the effect of lime on soil pH and cane sugar yield.

Lime addition in the soil reduces soil pH which is desirable for cane growth.
Naidiri and LF91- 1925 variety has been planted at two different location in Seaqaqa and Aiwa in Drasa with different quantities of lime treatment which were 0 t/ha, 1.3 t/ha, 2.6 t/ha and 3.9 t/ha.

Lime was applied in the furrows during the time of planting.

There was no significant difference in plant growth, stalk population and the tiller production between the treatments.
Lime is a slow reacting component and the effect of it will take time, therefor the result of significance may be noticed in the ratoon.

The yield of both trials showed similar trends as with growth attributes.
MEDIA & PUBLICATION A media & publication studio was established and now SRIF has its own edit suite for editing video/footage and also camera kits and equipment for shooting events and activities carried by researches and officers and adding on SRIF has projection on video production of 2-3 video/short film on weed control and management, land production and planting and varieties and seed cane production are the major project.
36 CROP PROTECTION & PRODUCTION | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji FACP APPENDICES Appendix 1: Main features of 2014 season compared with 2013 Labasa Rarawai Lautoka ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Penang All mills Total registrations (Numbers) Total farm basic allotments (tonnes) Total registered area (hectares) Total area cultivated (hectares) Total area harvested (hectares) Total farm harvest Quotas (tonnes) Sugar make actual (tonnes) Tonnes 94 N.T sugar Yield tonnes 94 N.T.sugar per hectare Tonnes cane per tonnes sugar 94 N.T.
%POCS Cane purity average for season Tonnes cane harvested Tonnes cane crushed Appendix 2: Monthly rainfall(mm) for 2014 compared with long term average Mills No.
of years Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang 2014 actual 106 yrs avg.

to 2014 2014 actual 129 yrs avg.

to 2014 2014 actual 126 yrs avg.

to 2014 2014 actual 117 yrs avg.
to Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | FACP APPENDICES 37 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Appendix 3: Crop production details 2013 2014 Labasa Lautoka 2013 2014 Rarawai 2013 Areas harvested (hectares) Penang All mills 2013 318 143 452 2376 3291 2013 2014 260 262 127 2709 3358 3315 1606 4286 28950 38160 2780 3401 1584 30662 38427 Cane harvested Yield tonnes cane per hectare (tch) Varieties crushed (% of total cane harvested) 0.00 0.10 nil nil Plant First ratoon 2nd ratoon Other ratoons Total Plant First ratoon 2nd ratoon Other ratoons Total Plant First ratoon 2nd ratoon Other ratoons Avg.
yield/ha Ragnar Aiwa Beqa Galoa Kaba Mali Mana Naidiri Vatu Waya LF91-1925 Kiuva Expt./Others Total Appendix 4: Rainfall (mm) at mill centres Mill Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang For 12 months ended 31st December For 12 months ended 30th September FACP APPENDICES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Appendix 5: Rainfall distribution affecting 2014 crop(mm) ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Month Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 Oct-13 Nov-13 Dec-13 Jan-14 Feb-14 Mar-14 Apr-14 May-14 Jun-14 Period Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early Mid Late Early - 1st to 10th of the month Mid - 11th to 20th of the month Late - 21st to end of the month Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | FACP APPENDICES 39 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Appendix 6 : hectares harvested Last four seasons individually 2011 2012 2013 2014 Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All mills Crop P R Total P R Total P R Total P R Total P R Total 1991/ Average for period of five seasons 1996/ 2000 2944 19701 22645 3164 14613 17777 2597 18348 20945 1120 4674 5794
 9825 57336 67161 1995 3634 20580 24214 2899 17360 20259 3120 19604 22724 1386 4958 6344 11039 62502 73541 2001/ 2005 1042 19730 20772 1055 17585 18640 1269 15911 17180 542 4568 5110 3908 57794 61702 1986/ 1990 4007 19743 23750 3574 14805 18379 2512 17181 19693 1396 5029 6425 11489 56758 68247 2006/ Appendix 7: Tonnes of cane harvested Mills 1991/ 1995 Lautoka 1048942 1283569 Average for period of five seasons 1996/ 2000 1216597 2001/ 2005 971454 1986/ 1990 2006/ 2010 763321 Last four seasons individually 2011 2012 2013 2014 652333 481483 405652 520264 Rarawai 1006366 1017374 957507 878509 738316 663774 508638 498881 596350 Labasa 1015166 1166055 1017061 840388 695728 570468 413285 546156 544353 Penang 332592 291206 309205 239044 213253 208860 143568 159720 171214 All mills 3403066 3758204 3500370 2929395 2410619 2095435 1546974 1610409 1832181 Appendix 8 : Tonnes of cane per hectare harvested Average for period of five seasons Last four seasons individually Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All Mills Crop P R Total P R Total P R Total P R Total P R Total 1986/ 1990 65.4 54.2 55.5 64.3 52.0 54.2 58.9 51.5 51.5 63.1 48.6 51.1 62.6 55.8 53.3 1991/ 1995 64.7 51.2 52.4 61.2 48.1 50.1 59.3 50.4 51.3 57.2 43.1 46.0 61.2 48.1 50.2 1996/ 2000 64.2 51.4 53.7 62.1 52.9 53.9 56.5 47.4 48.6 62.6 51.2 53.3 61.8 50.0 52.1 2001/ 2005 63.9 45.9 46.8 59.6 46.4 47.1 59.7 47.6 48.9 54.2 46.4 46.8 58.3 46.0 47.5 2006/ 56.9
FACP APPENDICES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Appendix 9 : Hectares harvested in relation to registered area and cultivated area (ha) Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang Total Area (ha) % of registered and cultivated area harvested Registered Cultivated 14570 19829 15438 4054 53891 22272 21569 18385 7824 70049 Harvested 12204 12871 13358 3525 41958 Registered 54.8 59.7 72.7 45.1 59.9 Cultivated 83.8 64.9 86.5 87.0 77.9 Appendix 10 : Plant cane harvested as percentage of total cane harvested Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All mills Average for period of five seasons 2001/ 1986/ 2005 1990 5 17 6 19 7 13 11 22 7 17 1991/ 1995 15 14 14 23 16 1996/ 2000 13 18 12 19 15 2006/ 2010 5.5 8.2 8.2 8.2 7.4 Last four seasons individually 2011 2012 2013 2014 14 12.9 16.9 13.3 14.4 3.1 6.9 5.9 5.1 5.3 7.1 9.4 17.4 8.1 10.5 7.8 8.3 11.1 9.2 9.1 Appendix 11: Plant, ratoon yields and percentage of total area harvested - 2014 Crop First ratoon Other ratoons Plant All cane Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All Mills tch 59.8 61.6 58.3 60.4 59.8 Area ha 681.2 803.2 1035.4 260.3 2780 % of Area 6.2 6.7 8.6 7.8 7.2 tch Area ha % of Area tch Area ha % of Area tch Area ha Appendix 12 : Seasonal %POCS in cane Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All Mill Avg.
Rough average for period of five seasons 2006/ 1996/ 1986/ 2010 2000 1990 10.8 11.4 12.0 10.9 11.4 12.1 10.7 11.1 12.4 11.1 11.1 12.2 11.0 11.2 12.3 2001/ 2005 11.5 11.9 11.5 11.9 11.7 1991/ 1995 12.5 12.9 12.1 12.6 12.5 Last four seasons individually 2011 2012 2013 2014 9.6 9.8 10.0 9.6 9.8 10.66 10.65 11.64 11.53 11.12 11.60 11.54 11.24 10.64 11.26 13 12 12.31 11.9 12.3 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | FACP APPENDICES 41 Appendix 13: Weekly POCS in cane 2014 season Week no.
2014 ANNUAL REPORT Week ending 23-Jun-14 30-Jun-14 7-Jul-14 14-Jul-14 21-Jul-14 28-Jul-14 4-Aug-14 11-Aug-14 18-Aug-14 25-Aug-14 1-Sep-14 8-Sep-14 15-Sep-14 22-Sep-14 29-Sep-14 6-Oct-14 13-Oct-14 20-Oct-14 27-Oct-14 3-Nov-14 10-Nov-14 17-Nov-14 24-Nov-14 Season average Lautoka 11 11.2 11.6 11.9 12.2 12.5 12.8 12.8 13.5 13.5 13.8 13.7 14 13.6 13.4 13.5 13.4 13 12.7 12.90 Rarawai 10 10.3 10.3 10.5 10.8 11.8 12.1 12.4 12.8 13 13.1 12.8 12.7 13.2 13.3 11.9 11.6 12.2 12.7 12.6 12.5 12.2 11.9 11.90 Labasa 11.2 11.2 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.5 11.9 12 12.8 12.4 12.4 12.2 12.6 12.1 12 12.1 12.2 Penang 11 11.1 10.8 11.1 11.2 11.1 11.4 11.6 12.2 12.2 12.8 12.8 12.9 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.00 11.90 Appendix 14 : Sugar produced (tonnes 94 N.T.
equivalent) Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All mills Tonnes sugar 94 N.T equivalent Appendix 15 : Sugar tonnes 94 N.T equivalent per hectare (tsh) Mills Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang Average Average for period of five seasons 1996/ 2000 5.61 5.61 4.95 5.42 5.39 2001/ 2005 4.92 5.38 4.97 4.65 5.06 1991/ 1995 6.15 6.29 6.00 5.47 6.05 1986/ 1990 6.55 6.36 6.20 5.70 6.28 2006/ 2010 4.42 4.02 3.98 5.41 4.25 Last five seasons individually FACP APPENDICES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Appendix 16 : Length of season (weeks) - Start and finish of crushing (date) Average length of season (5 yearly) Last four seasons individually Mills 1986/ 1990 1991/ 1995 1996/ 2000 2001/ 2005 2006/ 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Lautoka 28.8 28.0 29.7 27.6 27.0 Rarawai 26.2 25.3 26.5 24.2 28.0 Labasa 26.6 29.4 30.7 24.1 25.9 Penang 25.5 21.5 26.2 20.4 22.5 24.2 26/06/12 to 04/12/12 22.8 26.6 21/06/11 to 24/12/11 10/07/12 to 17/12/12 22.7 16.1 14/07/11 to 20/12/11 26/06/12 to 16/10/12 24.6 16.3 28/06/11 to 28/11/11 26/06/12 to 18/10/12 19.0 02/06/13 To 03/11/13 20 26/06/13 To 13/11/13 19 27/06/13 To 09/11/13 17 25/06/13 To 20/10/13 19 01/07/14 To 08/11/14 21.54 19/06/14 To 17/11/14 16.5 17/06/14 To 11/10/14 16.9 27/06/14 To 11/10/14 All mills 26.8 26.1 28.2 24.1 25.9 19.9 18.7 Appendix 17 : Varieties Percent of hectares harvested Varieties Ragnar Waya Mali Galoa Aiwa Kiuva Mana LF91-1925 Kaba Vatu Beqa Naidiri Exp.
Other var.
Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang All Mills nil 7.5 2.1 3.1 1.9 0.3 1.0 64.3 0.6 2.6 4.9 0.1 11.2 0 0.3 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | FACP APPENDICES 43 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Appendix 18: Area planted in hectares as % of registered and cultivated areas Mills Hectares planted Hectares planted as % of registered area Hectares planted as % of cultivated area Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang Total Appendix 19: Percentage of total area planted by different varieties over three years 1845 Labasa Penang All mills Rarawai Lautoka % Area ha % Area ha % Area ha % Area ha % Area ha 1.2 3718 3.8 0.6 nil nil nil nil 0.1 39.1 nil 0.1 51.0 64.6 95.4 nil nil 0.1 0.2 0.4 0 0.2 nil 0.1 0.3 nil 0 0.3 nil 0 1.6 0.3 0.3 7.3 0.3 3.4 nil nil 0.3 nil nil 0.1 1.0 nil nil nil 0 nil nil 0 nil nil 18.4 0
625 0.3 625 nil nil 0 nil nil 0 nil nil 18.4 0 625 0.2 1.2 43 0.3 nil nil nil nil 0 0.4 0.5 0.4 904 32.7 34.7 104.2 33.8 2.6 2.0 0.8 1.0 2.4 34.2 0.9 746 12.2 nil 0.1 0 904 598.8 132.4 75 1845 799.5 1845 2026.3 1845 1277.2 1845 25 4.9 1845 68.8 1845 3922.9 82.4 93.2 772 9.1 Year Varieties Mali Vatu Mana Waya Galoa Ragnar Experiment 2013 Other 2014 Varieties LF91-1925 Naidiri Kiuva Kaba Beqa Aiwa 44 FACP APPENDICES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Appendix 20 : Cane transport in Fiji (tonnes of cane harvested and actual method of delivery) ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Lorry direct to mill carrier Total Delivered portable line Tonnes 13652 15915 12464 3964 9491 2065 12464 1436 32927 38797 23827 25106 23586 14772 22054 14006 2910 1275 nil 840 nil 0 3010 3026 11145 nil nil nil 0 52509 59013 47436 29070 33077 17677 8630 15442 % of Total 2 2 2 1 1.5 0.4 1.7 0.3 5 5 4 5 3.6 3.6 6.3 2.2 nil 0.2 nil 0 1 1 6 nil nil nil 0 2 3 2 1.6 1.6 1.1 2 0.8 Year Tonnes Tonnes Winch trailer or lorry to mainline % of Total 544730
% of Total Tonnes % of Total Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | FACP APPENDICES 45 2014 ANNUAL REPORT Appendix 21: Percentage burnt cane of total tonnes crushed Year Lautoka Rarawai Labasa Penang Average % Total % Total % Total % Total % Total 2,960,463
FACP APPENDICES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji ANNUAL REPORT 2014 APPROVED VARIETIES Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | 47 2014 ANNUAL REPORT APPROVED
 VARIETIES The list of sugarcane varieties approved for planting during 2013 has been revised to include maturity trend.
Varieties that are no longer planted have been removed from the approved varieties list.

The varieties are recommended to growers on their soil type.

The growers have a choice of at least three varieties to plant on their farms as laid down in the Master Award.
Mill/Sectors Soil types Lautoka/Olosara Lautoka/Cuvu Lautoka/Lomawai Lautoka/Yako Rich alluvial soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Sandy soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Sandy soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Sandy soils Lautoka/Nawaicoba Flat Fertile soils Lautoka/Malolo Medium soils Poor soils Sandy soils Flat Fertile soil Medium soils Lautoka/Qeleloa Poor soils Rich alluvial soils Kaba, Mana, Viwa Varieties recommended on maturity trends Mid – late maturing Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Early – mid maturing Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa LF91-1925, Qamea LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Medium soils Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Lautoka/Meigunyah Flat Fertile soils Poor soils Lautoka/Legalega Lautoka/Natova Lautoka/Lautoka Lautoka/Saweni Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Sandy soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa,
 Naidiri, LF91-1925 LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa LF91-1925, Qamea LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 48 APPROVED VARIETIES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Mill/Sectors Soil types Lautoka/Saweni Lautoka/Lovu Lautoka/Drasa Rarawai/Varoko Rarawai/Mota Rarawai/Naloto Poor soils Sandy soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Sandy soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Rarawai/Koronubu Flat Fertile soils Rarawai/Veisaru Rarawai/Rarawai Rarawai/Varavu Rarawai/Tagitagi Rarawai/Yaladro Rarawai/Drumasi Labasa/Waiqele Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Saline areas Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Saline areas Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Varieties recommended on maturity trends Mid – late maturing Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa Early – mid maturing LF91-1925, Qamea
 LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa LF91-1925, Qamea LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Mana, Kaba, Vatu, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Mana, Kaba, Vatu, Viwa LF91-1925, Qamea Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mali, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Galoa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Sugar Research Institute of Fiji | APPROVED VARIETIES 49 2014 ANNUAL REPORT
 Mill/Sectors Soil types Labasa/Wailevu Flat Fertile soils Labasa/Vunimoli Labasa/Labasa Labasa/Bucaisau Labasa/Wainikoro Labasa/Daku Labasa/Natua Labasa/Solove Labasa/Bulivou Penang/Nanuku Medium soils Poor soils Saline soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Saline soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Saline soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Saline soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils Poor soils Poor soils Poor soils Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Varieties recommended on maturity trends Mid – late maturing Early – mid maturing Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mali, Viwa Galoa, Vatu Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mali, Viwa Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mali, Viwa Galoa, Vatu, Mali Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Waya, Viwa Kaba, Waya, Mali, Viwa Galoa, Vatu, Mali Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Waya, Viwa Kaba, Waya, Mali, Viwa Galoa, Vatu, Mali Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Waya, Viwa Kaba, Waya, Mali, Viwa Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Ragnar, Kaba, Mali, Viwa Aiwa, Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Ragnar, Kaba, Mali, Viwa Aiwa, Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Ragnar, Kaba, Mali, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa
 Galoa Mana, Kaba, Kiuva, Mali, Viwa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Naidiri, LF91-1925, Qamea Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Mali, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Galoa Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Aiwa, Beqa, Naidiri, LF91-1925 Ragnar, Kaba, Kiuva, Viwa Ragnar, Kaba, Vatu, Kiuva, Mali, Viwa Kaba, Mana, Viwa Galoa Poor soils LF91-1925, Qamea Salt affected areas Naidiri, LF91-1925 Viti Vanua area Penang/Malau Rich alluvial soils Medium soils Penang/Ellington LF91-1925, Qamea Poor soils Salt affected areas Naidiri, LF91-1925 Flat Fertile soils Medium soils Poor soils LF91-1925, Qamea Salt affected areas Naidiri, LF91-1925 50 APPROVED VARIETIES | Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Financial Statements For the year ended 31December2014 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Contents Board report Independent auditor's report Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income Statement of financial position Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Financial Statements 1 - 2 3-4 5 6 7 8 - 18 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Directors' report Board report In accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors, the directors herewith submit the statement of financial position of Sugar Research Institute of Fiji (the "Institute") as at 31 December 2014 and the related statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and statement of cash flows for the year ended on that date and report as follows: Directors The Intitute did not have a Board present for the period 30 September 2012 to 4 May 2014.
An interim board was appointed by the Ministry of Sugar on 4 May 2014 and the Board details were as follows: Mr Abdul Khan (appointed on 4 May 2014) Mr Manasa Tagicakibau (appointed on 4 May 2014) Mr Sundresh Chetty (appointed on 4 May 2014) The new Board was appointed on 1 March 2015.
The Directors in office and up to the date of this report are: Professor Rajesh Chandra - Chairman (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Abdul Khan (appointed on 1March2015) Mr Daniel Elisha (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Manasa Tagicakibau (appointed on 1 March 2015 and resigned on 18 July 2017) Professor Paras Nath (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Sundresh Chetty (appointed on 1 March 2015) Dr K. Shanmudha Sundaram (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Graham Clark (appointed 18 July 2017) Ms Reshmi Kumari (appointed 18 July 2017) The current Chairman and members of the Board were not responsible for the affairs of the Institute in 2014.
The Board has taken all necessary steps to have the accounts prepared properly with external input and has insured that the external auditors have unfetted access to all documents and information sought by them with the shared aim to ensure that the final accounts represent the true state of affairs of the Institute in 2014, including any liabilities.
State of affairs In the opinion of the Board the accompanying statement of financial position gives a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Institute as at 31 December 2014 and the accompanying statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and statement of cash flows give a true and fair view of the results and cash flows of the Institute for the year then ended.
Principal activity The functions of the Institute are outlined under the Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Act No 14 of 2005, which includes promoting by means of research and investigation, the technical advancement, efficiency and productivity of the sugar industry, and to provide its functions, powers, administration and finance and for related matters.
Current assets The directors took reasonable steps before the Institute's financial statements were made out to ascertain that the current assets of the Institute were shown in the accounting records at a value equal to or below the value that would be expected to be realised in the ordinary course of business.

At the date of this report, the directors are not aware of any circumstances which would render the values attributable to the current assets in the financial statements to be misleading.
Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Directors' report (continued) Receivables The directors took reasonable steps before the Institute's financial statements were made out to ascertain that all known bad debts were written off and adequate allowance was made for impairment losses.

At the date of this report, the directors are not aware of any circumstances which would render the above assessment inadequate to any substantial extent.
Related party transactions All related party transactions have been adequately recorded in the financial statements.

Other circumstances At the date of this report, the directors are not aware of any circumstances not otherwise dealt with in this report or financial statements which would render any amounts stated in the accounts to be misleading.
Unusual circumstances The results of the Institute's operations during the financial year have not in the opinion of the directors been substantially affected by any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature other than those disclosed in the financial statements.

Going concern The Institute's ability to continue to operate on a going concern basis is dependent on it receiving ongoing financial support from the Government, stakeholders in the Sugar Industry and other Donor Agencies.
The Board Members consider the application of the going concern principle to be appropriate in the preparation of these financial statements as the Institute will continue to receive ongoing support from the Government and stakeholders in the Sugar Industry, which will enable the Institute to meet its funding requirements for operations and to meet its obligations as and when they fall due.
The Institute receives funds from The Government, Fiji Sugar Corporation, and Growers through Sugar Cane Gowers Council.

Accordingly, these financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or to the amounts and classification of liabilities that may be necessary should the Institute be unable to continue as a going concern.
Events subsequent to balance date There is a draft Sugar Industry Bill before the parliment that is proposing major changes in the functioning of Sugar Research Industry of Fiji and until this bill is passed, the Board cannot give assurance about the future of Sugar Research Institute of Fiji in its present form.
Apart from the above, there has not arisen in the interval between the end of the year and the date of this report any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the Directors, to affect significantly the operations of the Institute, the results of those operations or the state of affairs of the Institute in subsequent financial years.

Dated at Lautoka this _O_l __ day of NO VE.

IV\ @:,E.12.. 2017.
~~~"·" Board member 2 Honourable Commodore Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama Minister responsible for the Sugar Industry PO Box 2212 Government Buildings Suva Dear Minister, INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE BOARD MEMBERS OF SUGAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FIJI Report on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Sugar Research Institute of Fiji, which comprise the statement of financial position as at 3 1 December 2014, and the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, and statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes as set out in notes 1 to 19.
Directors' and Management's Responsibility for the Financial Statements Directors and management are responsible for the preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and for such internal control as the directors and management determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditor's Responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing.

Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.

The procedures selected depend on the auditor's judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error.
In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity's preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity's internal control.
An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by the management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
3 INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE BOARD MEMBERS OF SUGAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FIJI (continued) Basis for qualification VAT payable The financial statements show an amount of VAT payable to the Fiji Government of $281,073.

The VAT status of the Institute is currently being determined with FRCA and it is not presently known what the outcome of this will be.
The impact on the amount recorded in the financial statements is currently incapable of determination, and accordingly, we are not able to determine what adjustments, if any, might be necessary to the amounts recorded in the financial statements.

Expenses The Institute recorded $1,094,237 in Administrative expenses in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended 31December2014.
The Institute did not provide appropriate supporting documents totalling $7 ,607 for the year ended 31 December 2014 for audit verification.

As a result, we were unable to determine whether any adjustments might have been necessary in respect of the Institute's administrative expenses for the year ended 31 December 2014, and the elements making up the statement of financial position, and cash flows.
Qualified Opinion In our opinion, except for the possible effects of the matters noted in the Basis for Qualification Opinion paragraphs, the financial statements give a true and fair view of the financial position of Sugar Research Institute of Fiji as at 31 December 2014 and of its financial performance and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements We have obtained all the information and explanations which, to the best of our knowledge and belief, were necessary for the purposes of our audit.
In our opinion: i) proper books of account have been kept by the Institute, so far as it appears from our examination of those books; ii) the financial statements are in agreement with the books of account; and iii) to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us the financial statements give the information required by the Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Act, 2005 in the manner so required.
1 November, 2017 Nadi, Fiji KPMG Chartered Accountants 4 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income For the year ended 31December2014 Contributions and grants Estate income Other income Total income Note 6 7 2014 $ 2013 $ 2,380,353 2,443,763 226,279 108,546 503,412 2,715,178 2,947,175 Cost of operations 8 (1,640,513) (1,466,940) Administrative expenses 9 (a) (1,094,23 7) (1,499,843) Deficit from operations (19,572) (19,608) Finance income Deficit before tax Income tax benefit Deficit for the year 19,572 19,608 10 The notes on pages 8 to 18 are an integral part of these financial statements.
5 Sugar Research Institute ot· Fiji Statement of financial position For the year ended 31 December 2014 Note 2014 $ 2013 $ Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Inventories Receivables and prepayments Receivable from related parties Total current assets Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Total non-current assets Total assets Liabilities Current liabilities Bank overdraft Deferred income Payable to related parties Employee benefits Trade and other payables Total current liabilities (b) 11 12 14 17 (c) 15 16 Total liabilities 12,827,163 11,955,185 Signed on behalf of the board ~l (!j$YL~ ~··· Ch man """' ..
The notes on pages 8 to 18 are an integral part of these financial statements.
6 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Statement of cash flows For the year ended 31December2014 Operating Activities Receipts from stakeholders and donors Payment to suppliers and employees Interest received Note 2014 $ 2013 $ 3,093,462 (2,365,975) 19,572 2,779,071 (2,933,285) 19,608 Cash flows provided by I (used in) Operating Activities 747,059 (134,606) Investing Activities Acquisition of property, plant and equipment Cash flows used in Investing Activities 11 (583,791) (563,739) (583,791) (563,739) Net increase I (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 163,268 2,510,839 2,674,107 (698,345) 3,209,184 2,510,839 12 The notes on pages 8 to 18 are an integral part of these financial statements.
7 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2014 1.

Reporting entity Sugar Research Institute of Fiji (the "Institute") is a body corporate domiciled in Fiji, established under the Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Act 2005.

The address of the Institute's registered office is Drasa, Lautoka, Fiji.
The functions of the Institute are outlined under Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Act No 14 of 2005, which includes promoting by means of research and investigation, the technical advancement, efficiency and productivity of the sugar industry, and to provide its functions, powers, administration and finance and for related matters.

2.
2.

Basis of preparation (a) Statement of compliance The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
The financial statements were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on _______ _ (b) Going concern The Institute's ability to continue to operate on a going concern basis is dependent on it receiving ongoing financial support from the Government, stakeholders in the Sugar Industry and other Donor Agencies.
The Board Members consider the application of the going concern principle to be appropriate in the preparation of these financial statements as the Institute will continue to receive ongoing support from the Government and stakeholders in the Sugar Industry, which will enable the Institute to meet its funding requirements for operations and to meet its obligations as and when they fall due.
The Institute receives funds from The Government, Fiji Sugar Corporation, and Growers through Sugar Cane Gowers Council.

Accordingly, these financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or to the amounts and classification of liabilities that may be necessary should the Institute be unable to continue as a going concern.
(c) Basis of measurement The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except where stated.

(d) Functional and presentation currency The financial statements are presented in Fiji dollars, rounded to the nearest dollar, which is the Institute's functional currency.
(e) Use of estimates and judgments The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses.

Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis.
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised and in any future period affected.

8 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31December2014 3.

Significant accounting policies The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these financial statement.
(a) Foreign currency transactions Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to Fiji dollars at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslated to Fiji dollars at the exchange rate at that date.

The foreign currency gains or losses on translation are recognised in profit or loss.
(b) Property, plant and equipment Recognition and measurement Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Costs includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment, and is recognised in profit or loss.
Subsequent costs The cost of replacing part of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefit embodied within the part will flow to the Institute and its cost can be measured reliably.

The cost of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
Depreciation Depreciation is calculated to write off the costs of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, and is recognised in profit or loss.
The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment for current and comparative periods are as follows: Building and land Computers Fixtures and fittings Motor vehicles Plant and equipment 80 years 5 years 10 years 6.67 years 6.67 - 10 years Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reassessed at reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.

9 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2014 3.
Significant accounting policies (continued) ( c) Financial instruments (i) Non-derivative financial assets The Institute initially recognises receivables on the date that they originate.

All other financial assets are recognised initially on the trade date at which the Institute becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
The Institute derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred.

Any interest in transferred financial assets that is created or retained by the Institute is recognised as a separate asset or liability.
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the Institute has a legal right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

The Institute classifies non-derivative financial assets into loans and receivables.
Receivables Receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market.

Such assets are recognised initially at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequent to initial recognition receivables are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses.

Receivables comprise receivables from related party receivables, prepayments, deposits and other receivables.
Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents comprises cash at bank, cash on hand and bank overdraft.

(ii) Non-derivative financial liabilities Financial liabilities are initially recognised on the trade date when the Institute becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

The institute derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled or expire.
Financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequent to initial recognisition these liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The institute has the following non-derivate financial liabilities: trade and other payables and payable to related parties.

Trade and other payables and payable to related party are stated at amortised cost.
10 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31December2014 3.

Significant accounting policies (continued) ( d) Inventories Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

The cost of inventories is based on the first-in first-out principle, and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition.
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated selling expenses.

( e) Impairment (i) Non-derivative financial assets A financial asset not carried at fair value through profit or loss is assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is objective evidence that it is impaired.
A financial asset is impaired if objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can be estimated reliably.
Objective evidence that financial assets are impaired includes default or delinquency by a debtor, restructuring of an amount due to the Institute on terms that the Institute would not consider otherwise indications that a debtor or issuer will enter bankruptcy or the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties.

(ii) Non-financial assets At each reporting date non financial assets are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication of impairment.
If any such indication exists, then the asset's recoverable amount is estimated.

If estimated recoverable amount is lower, the carrying amount is reduced to its estimated recoverable amount, and an impainnent loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
(f) Revenue Grant income Grants are recognised in the statement of financial position initially as deferred income when there is reasonable assurance that it will be received and that the Institute will comply with the conditions associated with the grant.

It is then recognised in the profit or loss as grant income on a systematic basis as the Institute recognises expenses by achieving the relevant conditions of the grant.
Grants that relate to the acquisition of an asset are recognised in profit or loss as the asset is depreciated or amortised.

The Institute chooses to present grant income on a gross method that is, recognising entire grant income and than offsetting against expenses.

(g) Employee benefits Superannuation Obligations for contributions to a defined contribution plan are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they are due.
Employee entitlements Liability for annual leave is recognised and measured as the amount unpaid at the reporting date at current pay rates in respect of employee services up to that date.

11 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31December2014 3.
Significant accounting policies (continued) (g) Employee benefits (continued) Short-term benefits Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed in the profit or loss as the related service is provided.

A liability is recognised for the amount to be paid under short-tenn benefit if the Institute has a present or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past services provided by the employee and the obligation can be measured reliably.
(h) Income tax The Institute is not subject to income tax.

(i) Receivable from related parties The amounts receivable from related parties are recognised when there is a contractual receivable or a right to receive.

4.
4.

Financial risk management The financial statements do not disclose information relating to the nature and extent of risks arising from financial instuments to which the Institute is exposed at year end, since credit risk, liquidity risk and market fluctuatuions are not material to the Institute.

5.
5.

Standards Issued but not yet adopted A number of new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations are effective for annual periods beginning after 1 January 2014, and have not been applied in preparing these financial statements.

None of these are expected to have a significant effect on the financial statements of the Company.

12 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2014 6.
Contributions and grants Contributions from stakeholders and grants that compensate the Institute for revenue and capital expenditure are recognised from deferred income as follows: 2014 $ 815,135 782,609 782,609 2,380,353 108,546 4,105 5,928 339,681 40,649 130,774 15,861 90,776 271,605 2,196 14,376 298,224 35,149 391,189 1,640,513 2013 $ 26,885 732,621 325,147 558,004 746,041 13,463 41,602 2,443,763 1,620 3,702 334,267 44,475 123,151 207 14,754 67,939 239,482 1,054 4,300 13,430 178,541 59,567 373,451 1,459,940 African Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) Contribution from the Fiji Government European Union Fiji Sugar Corporation (FSC) Sugar Cane Growers Mauritius Sugar Research Institute (MISRI) Fiji Sugar Tribunal 7.
Other income Sundry income 8.
Cost of operations Advertising Bank charges Depreciation Electricity EU Cost General supplies Communication expenses Material costs Motor vehicle running expenses Postage RAF costs Repair and maintenance Subcontract expenses Travel Wages and salaries (refer note 9(b)) 13 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31December2014 9 (a) Administrative expenses Auditors remuneration - audit - other services Accomodation and meals ACP cost Bad debts CEO security Electricity Fiji National Provident Fund contributions FSC costs General expenses Hire of services JCT consumables ICT license Communications expenses Insurance Inventory write off Legal fees Medical expense Media and publications Freight Postage Rent Repair and maintenance Stationery Subscriptions Training Training and Productivity Authority of Fiji Travel Visa permit Water Wages and salaries (refer note 9(b)) (b) Personnel expenses Fiji National Provident Fund contributions Training and Productivity Authority of Fiji Key management compensation - short term benefits Wages and salaries 2014 $ 2013 $ 10.
Income tax In 2012 the Fiji Revenue and Customs Authority confirmed that the entity is not subject to income tax.

14 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31December2014 11.
Property, plant and equipment Land& Building Fixtures & fittings Plant & equipment Motor vehicles Computers Work in progress $ $ $ $ $ $ Cost Balance at 1 January 2013 Acquisitions Transferred during the year Balance as at 31 December 2013 Acquisitions Transferred during the year Balance as at 31 December 2014 Depreciation Balance at 1 January 2013 Depreciation charge Balance at 31 December 2013 Depreciation charge Balance at 31December2014 Carrying amount At 1January2013 At 31 December 2013 At 31 December 2014 2,302,450 47,780 139,917 2,490, 147 140,759 178,226 2,809,132 45,723 27,360 73,083 28,707 101,790 2,256,727 2,417,064 2,707,342 43,932 - - 43,932 - - 43,932 14,982 4,393 19,375 4,393 23,768 28,950 24,557 20,164 1,051,735 86,739 - 1,138,474 65,435 - 1,203,909 728,336 142,419 870,755 124,138 994,893 323,399 267,719 209,016 243,157 11,365 - 254,522 56,923 - 311,445 206,730 22,432 229,162 21,613 250,775 36,427 25,360 60,670 139,917 178,226 (139,917) 178,226 - (178,226) - - - - - - 139,917 178,226 - 1,265,038 239,629 - 1,504,667 320,674 - 1,825,341 298,733 137,663 436,396 160,830 597,226 966,305 1,068,271 1,228,115 15 Total $ 5,046,229 563,739 5,609,968 583,791 6,193,759 1,294,504 334,267 1,628,771 339,681 1,968,452 3,751,725 3,981,197 4,225,307 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2014 2014 $ 2013 $ 12.
Cash and cash equivalents Cash at bank Cash on hand Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position Bank overdraft Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows 2,674,097 10 2,674,107 (16,836) 2,657,271 13.

Receivables and prepayments Other receivables Prepayments Deposits 14.
Deferred income 2,750 2,750 2,510,829 10 2,510,839 2,510,839 12,992 44,820 2,750 60,562 The Institute's Deferred income comprises of the receipt of grant income from stakeholders, European Union, African Carribbean and Pacific Group of States, Mauritius Sugar Research Institute and Fiji Sugar Tribunal.

Each grant received has its specific conditions that the Institute needs to comply with.
The movement in Deferred income is as follows: Balance at the beginning of the year Funds received or receivable during the period Utilised during the period Balance at 31 December This is comprised as follows: Contribution from stakeholders European Union grant African Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) Mauritius Sugar Research Instititue (MISRI) Fiji Sugar Tribunal 15.

Employee benefits Balance at 1 January Provision during the year Provision utilised during the year Balance at 31 December 16.
Trade and other payables Trade payables Other payables VAT payable 16 2014 $ 7,840, 186 4,978,090 (2,734,750) 10,083,526 5,020,491 3,328,749 1,456,126 94,558 183,602 10,083,526 45,933 45,933 78,480 66,908 281,073 426,461 2013 $ 7,708,571 2,443,763 (2,312, 148) 7,840,186 4,572,334 2,179,980 754,050 108,020 225,802 7,840,186 43,023 29,022 (26,112) 45,933 49,250 68,112 355,965 473,327 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2014 17.
Related parties Related parties of the Institute include key stakeholders in the Fiji Sugar Industry, namely, the Government of Fiji, Fiji Sugar Corporation, South Pacific Fertilizers Limited, Sugar Cane Growers Fund and Sugar Cane Growers Council.

Transactions with these parties and outstanding balances at year end are disclosed below.

(a) Board members The Intitute did not have a Board present for the period 30 September 2012 to 4 May 2014.
An interim board was appointed by the Ministry of Sugar on 4 May 2014 and the Board details were as follows: Mr Abdul Khan (appointed on 4 May 2014) Mr Manasa Tagicakibau (appointed on 4 May 2014) Mr Sundresh Chetty (appointed on 4 May 2014) The new Board was appointed on 1 March 2015.
The Directors in office and up to the date of this report are: Professor Rajesh Chandra - Chairman (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Abdul Khan (appointed on 1 March 2015) Mr Daniel Elisha (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Manasa Tagicakibau (appointed on l March 2015 and resigned on 18 July 2017) Professor Paras Nath (appointed 1 March 2015) Mr Sundresh Chetty (appointed on 1 March 2015) Dr K. Shanmudha Sundaram (appointed l March 2015) Mr Graham Clark (appointed 18 July 2017) Ms Reshmi Kumari (appointed 18 July 2017) (b) Amounts receivable from related parties Fiji Sugar Corporation Sugar Cane Growers 2014 $ 2013 $ 4,124,999 1,800,000 5,924,999 4,501,276 900,000 5,401,276 Receivable from related parties are interest free and receivable as and when required.
(c) Amounts payable to related parties Fiji Sugar Corporation 2,254,407 2,254,407 3,595,739 3,595,739 Payable to related parties are interest free and payable on demand.

17 Sugar Research Institute of Fiji Notes to the financial statements For the year ended 31December2014 17.
Related parties (continued) (d) Transactions with related parties Revenue Grant income - Fiji Sugar Corporation Grant income - Fiji Government Grant income - Sugar Cane Growers Estate income - Fiji Sugar Corporation Expenses Fiji Sugar Corporation costs (e) Key management personnel 2014 $ 2013 $ 782,609 815,135 782,609 226,279 558,004 732,621 746,041 503,412 2,606,632 2,540,078 12,585 Key management personnel include the chief executive officer and finance and administration manager of the Institute.
Transactions with key management personnel are no favourable than those available, or which might be reasonably be expected to be available, on similar transactions to third parties on an arm's length.

Key management personnel compensation is comprised as below: Short-tenn employee benefits 2014 $ 124,427 2013 $ 147,206 18.

Capital commitments and contingencies Capital commitments and contingent liabilities as at 31 December 2014 amounted to $Nil (2013: $Nil).

19.
19.

Events subsequent to balance date There is a draft Sugar Industry Bill before the parliment that is proposing major changes in the functioning of Sugar Research Industry of Fiji and until this bill is passed, the Board cannot give assurance about the future of Sugar Research Institute of Fiji in its present form.
Apart from the above, there has not arisen in the interval between the end of the year and the date of this report any item, transaction or event of a material and unusual nature likely, in the opinion of the Directors, to affect significantly the operations of the Institute, the results of those operations or the state of affairs of the Jnstitute in subsequent financial years.

18 2014 ANNUAL REPORT © Sugar Research Institute of Fiji, 2014.

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