Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1696590743966.pdf (United States)
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE vilian committees to investigate corruption and crimes against humanity perpetrated by the Bashir regime; November 4, 2021 bilateral relations between governments at- tempting to build positive ties with Taiwan, a beacon of democracy in the Indo-Pacific and a key United States partner; and (6) supports Taiwan in its struggle against CCP malign influence, coercion, and aggres- sion, which threatens not only the Tai- wanese people and countries in the Indo-Pa- cific, but also any nation around the world that enacts policies or positions that are in- consistent with those of the CCP.
f SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- TION 20—CONDEMNING THE OC- TOBER 25, 2021, MILITARY COUP IN SUDAN AND STANDING WITH THE PEOPLE OF SUDAN Mr. MENENDEZ (for himself and Mr. RISCH) submitted the following concur- rent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations: S. CON RES.
20 Whereas the people of the Republic of Sudan suffered for three decades under the despotic rule of President Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir, whose government was re- sponsible for the suppression of civil lib- erties, grand corruption, support for inter- national terrorism, and the commission of crimes against humanity and genocide; Whereas, throughout 2019, a coalition of Sudanese civic groups, including professional associations, community labor unions, groups, democracy activists, and opposition parties, led a mass protest movement to de- mand the end of Bashir’s reign and the tran- sition to democracy in Sudan; Whereas, on April 11, 2019, Sudanese mili- tary officers deposed Bashir, and, following continued protests, agreed to form a transi- tional government in partnership with a ci- vilian pro-democracy coalition on July 17, 2019; Whereas, on June 3, 2019, Sudanese forces led by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), largely comprised of Janjaweed militia in- volved in genocidal campaigns across Darfur for decades, opened fire on protesters at an army command headquarters in Khartoum, killing at least 127 people, at least 40 of whom were found in the Nile River; Whereas the military and civilian elements agreed to a 39-month transition to democ- racy, with a Civilian-Led Transitional Gov- ernment (CLTG) comprised of a predomi- nantly civilian cabinet led by Prime Min- ister Abdallah Hamdok, a Sovereign Council, an executive body with civilian and military members chaired for the first half of the transitional period by Lieutenant General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and a Transitional Legislative Council, which has yet to be formed; Whereas the United States and the inter- national community supported Sudan’s tran- sition to democracy, with the United States identifying more than $1,000,000,000 in foreign assistance, and the multilateral Friends of Sudan group pledging $1,800,000,000 from roughly 50 countries and international orga- nizations; Whereas the CLTG made progress in human rights reforms, including guaran-
 teeing the people of Sudan freedom of reli- gion and gender equality under the transi- tional constitution, banning female genital mutilation, and decriminalizing apostasy; Whereas, in August 2021, when the Suda- nese Cabinet ratified the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC), the CLTG made progress towards ending impu- nity for abusers of human rights, stating its intention to deliver Omar al-Bashir to the ICC to stand trial for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, and formed ci- Whereas the transitional government nego- tiated a peace agreement with several rebel groups, a step towards ending decades of con- flict in the regions of Darfur, South Kordofan, and Blue Nile, which killed hun- dreds of thousands of civilians and left more than 3,000,000 people displaced within Sudan; Whereas Sudan continues to face a serious humanitarian situation, with an estimated 13,400,000 people, or 29 percent of the popu- lation, in need of humanitarian assistance in 2021; Whereas Sudan faces a severe economic crisis, exacerbated by the COVID–19 pan- demic, which caused the price of food and consumer goods to increase significantly, while austerity measures imposed to sta- bilize the economy resulted in the reduction or elimination of subsidies for commodities including wheat and fuel; Whereas the political tensions between the civilian and military elements and within factions of the civilian coalition undermined the CLTG and contributed to widespread un- rest within the Sudanese population relating to a range of issues, including the economic crisis, ethnic and tribal conflict in periph- eral regions, and the unsatisfactory pace of reforms; Whereas, on September 21, 2021, some mem- bers of the military reportedly attempted a coup d’e´ tat against the transitional govern- ment, which failed to depose the government but succeeded in precipitating the most seri- ous political crisis of the transition period; Whereas, on October 21, 2021, hundreds of
 thousands of people across Sudan dem- onstrated in support of democratic civilian rule, to counter a smaller protest days prior demanding the military take complete con- trol of the government; Whereas, on October 25, 2021, Lieutenant General Burhan, with the support of General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as ‘‘Hemedti’’, seized control of the govern- ment, deployed the military to the streets of Khartoum and Omdurman, and arrested and detained Prime Minister Hamdok and other civilian officials; Whereas the African Union Peace and Se- curity Council convened on October 27, 2021, strongly condemned the coup, reaffirmed the mandate of the CLTG, and subsequently sus- pended Sudan from the regional body ‘‘with immediate effect.
until the effective res- toration’’ of the CLTG; Whereas the actions of Lieutenant General Burhan and the Sudanese military violate Sudan’s Constitutional Charter and threaten to plunge Sudan into isolation and insta- bility; Whereas the United States Government publicly condemned the coup, suspended its foreign assistance to Sudan, and urged Lieu- tenant General Burhan and his accomplices to restore the CLTG and return Sudan to the path to democracy; and Whereas, the Troika (the United States, United Kingdom, Norway), the European Union, and Switzerland ‘‘continue to recog- nize the Prime Minister and his cabinet as the constitutional leaders of the transitional government’’ and ‘‘confirm once again the international calls for the immediate return to the roadmap for democratic transition of Sudan’’: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- resentatives concurring), That Congress— (1) condemns the October 25, 2021, coup in Sudan; (2) stands with the people of Sudan in their democratic aspirations; (3) recognizes the Prime Minister and his cabinet as the constitutional leaders of Su- dan’s transitional government; S7801 (4) calls for Sudan’s military junta to— (A) immediately release all civilian gov- ernment officials, civil society members, and other individuals detained in connection with the coup; (B) return to constitutional rule under the transitional constitution as the starting point for negotiations with civilians toward full civilian rule; (C) lift the state of emergency, including complete restoration of all means of commu- nication; (D) remove all roadblocks and checkpoints, and order the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and RSF to stand down and comply with international recognized rules of engage- ment; (E) ensure security forces respect the right to peaceful protest and hold those who used excessive force and committed other abuses accountable in a transparent, credible proc- ess; (F) cease all attempts to change the civil- ian composition of the cabinet, Sovereign Council, and
 other government bodies; and (G) transfer leadership of the Sovereign Council to a civilian member of the Sov- ereign Council in keeping with the transi- tional constitution; (5) calls on the Secretary of State to— (A) immediately identify coup leaders, their accomplices, and enablers for consider- ation for targeted sanctions; (B) urge junta leaders to return imme- diately to the rule of law as set forth by the transitional constitution; (C) monitor, discourage, and deter any ef- fort by external parties to support the coup and the military junta; (D) coordinate with— (i) the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development and other Federal Government agencies to pause all non-humanitarian bilateral assistance to Sudan until restoration of the transitional constitutional order; (ii) the Department of the Treasury to use the voice and vote of the United States in international financial institutions to sus- pend all actions related to non-humanitarian loans or debt relief to Sudan until restora- tion of the transitional constitutional order; and (iii) the United States Permanent Rep- resentative to the United Nations to ensure the United Nations Security Council is seized of the matter on an ongoing basis; and (E) work with the Troika to engage mem- bers of the international community to join these United States actions; and (6) calls on international partners to— (A) join United States efforts to impose targeted sanctions on the junta and other ac- complices to the coup, monitor, discourage, and deter any effort by external parties to support the junta, and urge junta leaders to return to the rule of law as set forth by the transitional constitution; and (B) suspend Sudan’s participation in all re- gional multilateral organizations until Sudan is returned to constitutional rule under the transitional constitution.
f AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND PROPOSED SA 4277.

Mr. MENENDEZ (for himself, Ms. COLLINS, Mr. BROWN, and Mr. KAINE) sub- mitted an amendment intended to be pro- posed to amendment SA 3867 submitted by Mr. REED and intended to be proposed to the bill H.R.
4350, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2022 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military con- struction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and c