Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1696587366054.pdf (Antigua and Barbuda)
GENDER ANALYSIS AND GENDER ACTION PLAN (GAP) For the project titled: A Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure to Projected Climate Extremes in Antigua and Barbuda With support from the Green Climate Fund Prepared by the Project Management Unit (PMU) of the Department of Environment Ministry of Health and the Environment November 2018 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 1 Table of Contents I.
Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology of the Gender Analysis ..............................................................................................4 II.
Gender Analysis ............................................................................................................. 4 Gender and the GCF .......................................................................................................................4 Gender Analysis .............................................................................................................................5 Comparative Summary of Key Gender Equality Indicators .................................................................. 5 Gender issues relevant to the project .................................................................................................. 5 Recommendations for gender responsiveness .............................................................................. 10 Information disclosure requirements ................................................................................................ 10 Grievance Mechanism .................................................................................................................. 10 III.
GENDER ACTION PLAN ................................................................................................. 13 Annex 1.

Bibliography .......................................................................................................... 16 Annex 2.

Terms of Reference – Capacity Building in Social and Gender Sensitization ............ 18 Annex 3.
Terms of Reference – Gender-Responsive Road Safety Awareness Communication Strategy .............................................................................................................................. 23 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 2 I.

Introduction The Government of Antigua and Barbuda is currently implementing a road infrastructure project along 8 major corridors within the main island of Antigua.
The core of this project is being funded under the United Kingdom Caribbean Infrastructure Partnership Fund (UKCIF).

The implementing agency for this project is the Caribbean development Bank.

However the resources mad available under this initiative are insufficient to achieve the necessary climate adaptation and resilience building identified under the project Feasibility Study.
To address this shortcoming, the GOAB has sought the assistance of the Green Climate Fund to ensure that the climate proofing is achieved.
This project under the GCF is titled “A Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure to Projected Climate Extremes in Antigua and Barbuda” In the context of this project, the project goal is to manage risks associated with climate change so that the core economy and people of Antigua and Barbuda are able to function at a capacity similar to that as if climate change were not occurring.

The project will achieve this goal by avoiding the lock-in of climate vulnerable road infrastructure.
Specifically, project objectives are to: 1.

Increase drainage capacity along 17.3 miles (27.8 km) of road to cope with a 1-in-20-year return interval (R.I.) flooding event Bury electricity transmission lines along the roads to protect the infrastructure against a Category 5 hurricane Build capacity, update legislation and sustainable financing mechanisms to mainstream into development planning design standards, operations and climate change maintenance 2.

3.
3.

One of the requirements under the GCF is the elaboration and inclusion of a Gender Analysis and Action Plan as one of the principle guidance documents to advise the project.

A Gender analysis/assessment refers to methods used to understand relationships between men and women, their access to resources, their activities, and the constraints they face relative to each other.
A comprehensive gender analysis/assessment entails the examination of the different roles, rights, needs, and opportunities of women and men, boys and girls in a given project/program context.

It is a tool that helps to promote gender – relevant entry points, policies and identify opportunities for enhancing gender equality in a particular project/program.
In the case of climate change projects/programs, a well-done gender analysis/assessment helps to identify multiple causes of vulnerability, including gender inequality.

It also helps to identify and build on the diverse knowledge and capacities within communities/households that can be used to make them more resilient to climate related shocks and risks1.
1 Green Climate Fund Gender and Social Inclusion Action Plan Template, available via http://www.greenclimate.fund/documents/20182/574712/Form_09_-_Gender_Assessment_and_Action_Plan_Template.pdf/3f4b8173-fbb2- 4bc7-9bff-92f82dadd5c0 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 3 Methodology of the Gender Analysis Gender plays an important role in determining the adaptive capacities of individuals and as such, if gender is tracked by M&E systems it can support greater learning on how we are learning to adapt in the context of gender.
For instance, women can be more vulnerable than men to climate related hazards, and women have an important role to play in supporting climate change adaptation and mitigation given their high levels of awareness of risks, knowledge of the community and the fact that they have a pertinent role in the management of natural resources (UNFCCC, 2014).
Therefore, gender considerations need to be taken on board from two dimensions – what characteristics, attributable to gender, increases an individual’s vulnerability (their weaknesses) and what roles and responsibilities individuals undertake in the household and community, as a result of their gender, makes them useful in adapting to climate related risks (their strengths).
The basis for this Gender Analysis and Action Plan is the project’s 2016 Feasibility Study, which included an Environmental/Social Impact Assessment Report, including gender analysis and recommendations, prepared by the firm Eclipse Inc. Recognizing that this Gender Analysis and Action Plan is being submitted to the GCF, consideration is given to showing how these issues conform to the Gender Policy adopted by the GCF.

II.
II.

Gender Analysis Gender and the GCF The Green Climate Fund governing body adopted its Gender Policy and Action Plan2 in 2015.
Through this plan, the GCF commits to:  Gender equality and equity;  Inclusiveness in all activities;  Accountability for gender and climate change results and impacts;  Country ownership—through alignment with national policies and priorities, and broad stakeholder engagement, including women’s organizations;  Gender-sensitive competencies throughout GCF’s institutional framework—skills, knowledge and behaviors acquired from training and experience that enable implementers to apply a gender-lens throughout their work; and  Equitable resource allocation—so that women and men benefit equitably from GCF’s adaptation and mitigation activities.
2 GCF Gender Policy, adopted in 2015 http://www.greenclimate.fund/documents/20182/818273/1.8_- _Gender_Policy_and_Action_Plan.pdf/f47842bd-b044-4500-b7ef-099bcf9a6bbe Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 4 Gender Analysis Comparative Summary of Key Gender Equality Indicators Table 1.

Key Gender Equality Indicators for EDA pilot countries (Source: adapted from Rawwida Baksh and Associates, 2016.
Country Gender Assessment (CGA) Synthesis Report) y r t n u o C Antigua & Barbuda - 5 1 n o i t a u p o P l l d o s r a e y 4 2 M-7,465 (49.5%) F-7,622 (50.5%) T-15,087 or 16.7% of total population (CIA, 2013) .

p o p l a t o T M- 40,007 (48%) F- 43,271 (52%) T- 83,278 (100%) (GOAB, Census, 20011) 4 1 - 0 n o i t a u p o P l l d o s r a e y M- 11,333 (51%) F- 10,979 (49%) T- 22,312 or 24% of total pop.
(CIA, 2013 / % y c n a t c e p x E h t r i B t a r o e a m l d e d a e h - M-73.9 years F-78.1 years T-75.9 years M-56.5% (2001) F-43.5% (2001) (GOAB Census, 2001) 0.81 (CARICOM, 2010) M-18,602 (47%) F-21,341 (53%) T-39,943 (Kairi, CPA 2005/2006) M-2,771 (43%) F-3,659 (57%) T-6,430 or 7.1% of total population (CIA, 2013) t n e m y o p m e n U l e t a R T-12% (estimate) GOAB, 2012 Gender issues relevant to the project / s e a m l f o .
o N n i l s e a m e f t n e m a i l r a P d e s a b - r e d n e G ) V B G ( e c n e o V l i t n e m o r n E l y r a m i r P n i M-78.9% F-82.1% T-80.5% (CEPAL, 2011) M-100% F-88.1% T-94.0% (GOAB, Ministry of Education, 2009-2010) T-216 victims (DOGA, 2011) M-689 (34.8%) F-1291 (65.2%) T-1980 (100%) (OECS, 2010- 2011) H.O.R/ Lower House M-16 (89.9%) F-2 (11.1%) T-18 (100%) Senate/Upper House M-10 (58.8%) F-7 (41.2%) T-17 (100%) (IPU 2014) Table 2.
Gender analysis for project preparation stage (Source: Green Climate Fund Gender Analysis/Assessment and Gender and Social Inclusion Action Plan Templates3) is the What Context?

Context of the Eastern Caribbean pilot countries Questions 1.

Demographic and socioeconomic data, disaggregated by sex and income 2.
% of households that are headed by women/men Data/Information Collected - Socio-demographic groups in the target countries that are vulnerable to poverty and unemployment include: youth, adolescent mothers, working class men, the homeless, the disabled, older men and women.

Approximately 40% female headed homes - - Women’s burden of care is generally greater in these instances, as many women heads are solely responsible for care, with no partner or robust family safety net.
Combined with limited and unequal labour 3 Green Climate Fund Gender Action Plan Template, available via http://www.greenclimate.fund/documents/20182/574712/Form_09_- _Gender_Assessment_and_Action_Plan_Template.pdf/3f4b8173-fbb2-4bc7-9bff-92f82dadd5c0 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 5 3.

What are the main sources of income for households in the vulnerable areas (disaggregated by sex)?
- market opportunities, women’s vulnerability to poverty is significantly advanced by their propensity as single parent heads of households (UN Women, 2014).

The largest occupational category continues to be the service and sales sector followed by clerical support work.

Elementary occupations are the largest followed by professional and technical and associate professionals.

- Men typically dominate the following sectors: Construction, 4.
What are the uses/needs of women and men when it comes to water, farming, energy, or other project-relevant sectors?

5.

How do the current climate risks affect men and women?
- Women Agriculture, forestry and fishing, Transportation following typically dominate sectors: Services the (accommodation, tourism), Education, Social work, Financial and insurance activities - Young men are more likely to be unemployed than any other group - Women usually have primary care responsibilities for household activities (Undifferentiated production of goods and services for household use); therefore, women depend heavily on reliable water and energy access at the household level otherwise they spend a lot of time trying to compensate for unreliable services The needs are: They need water for basic way of living to include cooking, cleaning and drinking and overall taking care of their health and their household - - - Water is also needed to feed their livestock and their farming products - Farming: This is another source of income to provide for their family and it is another means of sustainable living.
It is food security.

Cost of electricity is quite high in the target countries and therefore energy plays a part in reducing the costs It depends on their role and occupations.

Women who work in the tourism/services sector will be out of work if a hurricane damages this sector; women in the supply chain such as cleaning fish will be affected when the hurricane destroys boats.
Women heading households will have their problems compounded with additional duties - - Drought has affected the supply of water to household which is essential for sustainable living.

- Not enough water to feed their livestock and plants which affects their livelihoods (farming etc) - Unavailability of drinking water: some individuals cannot afford to purchase water in the supermarkets and therefore it becomes difficult to have access to water.

Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 6 6.


Are there any legal barriers to women in the project- relevant sectors – property ownership, buildings, farming?

7.

Describe any community beliefs about the specific roles of women and men.
- - - - The climate is getting hotter which can cause severe health impacts such as heat strokes on men and women Individuals are susceptible to vector-borne diseases Flooding affects low-income communities Legal barriers have not been identified - Heavy labor task assigned to men; food preparation, child care and domestic duties assigned to women Who has what?

Ownership access and 1. Who owns the land and other product assets?

2.

Describe household energy access and sources.

3.


How much do households spend on water and energy?

4.

Do men and women have bank accounts and can they access finance to scale up their farming / business activities?

5.

Do men and women benefit from construction sector, extension services (or other project-relevant services)?

6.

How do men and women access information?

Do they have access to different technologies?

- Men are the head of the household and are the bread winners.
They are involved in farming, fishing, and heavy duty labour.

However, the world is now evolving where women are now leaders, farmers, fishers, vendors etc.

and still taking care of their family.

Both men and women Some communities (e.g.


Barbuda) have a communal land ownership system It is an essential service provided through a utility company with a monopoly - - - - Utilities account for approximately 20% of disposable income - Men and women, especially lower-income, save through “box hand” 4 and have accounts at the credit union where there are less rigid eligibility criteria as opposed to other traditional banks.
The credit union also provides low interest loans compared to other banking institution.

On average, women save more than men Extension services provided by Min of Agriculture which is more teaching and providing technical assistance than services such as ploughing marketing, supportive services for loan funds for water catchments, fencing etc.
- - Women are underrepresented in construction sector businesses, - which is traditionally a male dominated industry People can see and observe what is happening on other farms, in the homes; they share at meetings and word of mouth goes along way.

- Different groups regularly host community consultations, media sensitization etc.
4 A traditional form of saving where a group of savers contributes periodically (usually monthly) an amount to the “box” and each period one contributor receives a payout equal to their total contributions for the cycle.

Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 7 Who does what?

Roles responsibilities and 7.

What are the levels of training / education?

1.

How are men and women connected to markets / how do they participate in the economy?

2.
2.

What would be the implications of the proposed intervention, given primary tasks and responsibilities by gender?

3. Who is responsible for child/elderly care and household tasks?

4.

What would be the best times to hold trainings for women and men on the new systems/technologies or skills to be delivered through the project?

Who decides?

Participation decision-making 1. Who are the community leaders?

Are there any women leaders?

in 2.


Are there women’s organizations that are active in the targeted area targeted project can partner with?

3.

Do women and men participate (equally) in associations, management relevant to the project sector, and any other producer/user groups?

Which ones?

4. Who manages / makes decisions in the household, notably around how money and time are spent?
Will both women and men be able to equally participate in using and learning about the new interventions in the proposed project?

Who benefits?

Impacts 1.

Will the services from the project interventions be freely available there any risks/restrictions on movement (security or cultural)?

Are to men and women?
Are - - - - - - In some communities, they do not have access to computers and the web so the most effective means of access to communication is word of mouth, door to door and community consultations Practical knowledge and skills built up over many years of working As producers, they sell and market their products but it is the women who are at the market and roadsides selling their products Families innovate and juggle work and activities to get things done Family members take on this responsibility For community members, after normal working hours, and on Sundays after church - When hosting consultations, we also take into consideration the time it is being held.
The most appropriate time is around 5PM and lasts no later than 7PM.

Consultations should be held in well-lit and central areas to ensure women/men feel safe traveling to and from the consultations.

- Many women are in our communities, bringing people together to find solutions to problems.
We do not have designated community leaders but various individuals within the community take on the responsibility in an effort to ensure the other community members are involved The solutions are multi-dimensional so the outreach, networking and building partnerships has to be done - - Women and men participate in community meetings where they know each other well - Women are generally the financial decision-makers at the household level Yes, both men and woman will be able to equally participate - - Women attend the meetings while men “lime, play street games”.
At the community level, the project will need to provide targeted outreach to all groups - Meetings held late at night are a risk; there must be adequate lighting for women and men to attend meetings Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 8 there any discriminations/risks to certain community members in terms of accessing the project benefits?

2.

How will men and women benefit from the project interventions?

3.

What will be the impact of the project interventions on women’s workload and income?
- 4.

Are there specific project impacts or benefits for women?
- - Men could benefit more from the construction sector jobs - Flooding will be reduced in low lying areas once the waterways are cleared; this will benefit low-income communities It is likely that women will take on more work as a result of increased consultations, taking on more responsibilities; there should be safeguards to ensure that women are not overly burdened by consultations and unpaid contributions to the project Leadership opportunities; financial empowerment; skills building; street-side vending improvements 5.
Will the project help create a better balance between women’s productive and household tasks (e.g.

childcare, domestic work)?

6.

Will the project contribute to strengthening women’s participation in decision-making?

How?

- More time will be spent out of the home but once women are committed, child care and other household tasks and activities will fit in.
Women should be able to bring their children to meetings Allow them to start by sharing their interest and their experiences and overtime, courage and strength will be built up - Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 9 Recommendations for gender responsiveness The project is not expected to negatively impact on gender equity during implementation and thereafter.
However, it is suffices to note that men and women selling produce by the road side will temporarily be affected during the earthmoving works in the form of disruption to clientele, dust and noise.

While the road works will improve opportunities for job creation at the construction sites, traditions and practices are often discriminatory against women as construction jobs are considered to be the preserve of men (Eclipse Inc., 2016).
The project should include measures to mitigate any potential negative impacts on women and to enhance the project benefits.

To improve vending conditions and road safety, the road design should incorporate provision of purposefully built sheds and stalls where women and men sell their produce.

Increased incomes associated with project workers will increase demand for local produce, hence more income for women vendors selling groceries and fresh produce along the road.
The project will create job opportunities for local communities, where women stand a chance of securing employment.

The contract documents should commit the Contractor to allocate not less than 20% of all jobs (semi-skilled and unskilled) to disadvantaged potential employees such as women.

In addition, the Contractor should make provision for gender sensitive camp facilities, and promote gender awareness and sensitization at the camp and at community level (Eclipse Inc., 2016).
Information disclosure requirements This initial Environmental and Social Management Plan will be disclosed by the Accredited Entity via electronic links in the AE’s website and convenient locations for affected peoples, and the GCF shall disclose such reports on its website, in accordance with the GCF Information Disclosure Policy.

For the EDA as a Category B/1-2 project, this is required to be posted 30 days before the GCF’s Board date.
Subsequent EIAs and other environmental reports will be posted online 30 days prior to Committee meetings where funding decisions will be taken for Component 2 (public sector adaptation interventions).
Monitoring and Evaluation reports prepared by the OECS Commission M&E Unit will be posted on the OECS and Department of Environment website, in accordance with the GCF Information Disclosure Policy.5 Grievance Mechanism 5 Summary of Information Disclosure Requirements for key GCF documents: http://www.greenclimate.fund/documents/20182/401322/Summary_of_disclosure_standards_for_key_GCF_documents.pdf/7ab36636-654e- 4d0a-912d-6df445c031c4 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 10 The Department of Environment has an established Complaints Procedure, which will be used as the project’s Grievance Mechanism for project affected persons.
This is covered in the DOE’s Code of Conduct and Ethics6, which all staff, contractors and consultants are required to sign and adhere to.

Complaints pertaining to project activities will be directed to designated personnel in the Project Management Unit (PMU).
A project affected person can submit complaints related to the activities of the project via the following channels: o On the DoE’s website: http://www.environmentdivision.info/submit_a_complaint_en_365cms.htm o Filling out the form and emailing it to antiguaenvironmentdivision@gmail.com o In writing to: Director, Department of Environment, Ministry of Health and the Environment, #1 Victoria Park Botanical Garden, P.O.
Box W693, St. John's Antigua o By email: antiguaenvironmentdivision@gmail.com o By Phone: Monday to Thursday: 8am to 2pm, Fridays: 8 am to 12 pm, by calling: (268) 462 4625; (268) 562-2568; (268) 460-7278 o Depending on the nature of the complaint, or if for any reason the complainant is unwilling to make a report to the Department of Environment, they can submit a complaint to their parliamentary representative.
When a complaint is communicated, the following information is recorded: o The nature of the problem o The location of the problem o When the problem occurred (date and time) o Who or what is the perceived source of the problem o Any information or evidence you may have—particularly eyewitness information, documents or photographs, a videotape, or a water or soil sample (the information or evidence must be credible and relate directly to the incident being reported).
o The contact information of the complainant Complaints are handled by staff at the Department of Environment, who will investigate the complaint.

This process usually includes an on-site investigation.

The Department may invite other relevant agencies to participate in the investigation.

During the investigation, the individuals or agencies responsible for action to correct the issue will be identified.

The Department will produce a report of its findings and recommendations and action if necessary.
Complainants may request for a copy of the reports related to the complaint, as per the Freedom of Information Act.

Once the Department has completed its investigations, the Department will notify the complainant, either verbally or in writing, about the results.
6 Code of Conduct and Ethics, Department of Environment: http://www.environmentdivision.info/UserFiles/File/NIE_-_Code_of_Conduct_- _Working_draft_NN-1.pdf Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 11 There are several steps that ensure that a project affected person has every opportunity for their views to be heard and an equitable solution to be found.
The steps are as follows:  The Department of Environment – Complaints are brought to the Department and a process is set in motion to address the concerns.

 The Ministry of Health and the Environment – If the complainant is not happy with the response of the Department, they can contact the office of the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Health and the Environment and make a complaint to the higher level.
 The Office of the Minister – If steps 1 and 2 do not result in a satisfactory outcome then the complainant can contact the office of the Minister of Environment.

 The Ombudsman - The office of the Ombudsman is an independent authority set up to uphold information rights in the public interest, promoting openness by public bodies and data privacy for individuals.
This is done by promoting good practice, ruling on complaints, providing information to individuals and organisations and taking appropriate action when the law is broken.

 The Legal System – If the complaint has not been resolved satisfactorily by taking the steps 1 to 4, then the aggrieved complainant may proceed with legal action.

Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 12 III.


GENDER ACTION PLAN A project/program-specific Gender and Social Inclusion Action Plan (GAP) is a tool used to ensure gender mainstreaming is clearly visible in project/program design and implementation7.

This Gender Action Plan will serve as a key guiding tool throughout the delivery of the project, A Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure to Projected Climate Extremes in Antigua and Barbuda.
The Gender Action Plan presented below identifies key project activities and indicative outputs through which gender specific strategies, actions and outcomes will be progressed and monitored.

The Plan will be reviewed and refined during the inception phase, which will also ensure that all project stakeholders have the opportunity to identify issues and are aware of responsibilities for delivering and monitoring the Gender Action Plan.
Implementation arrangements of the project include a Gender expert that will monitor gender responsiveness of the project.

Table 3.

Gender Action Plan (GAP) Project Activity Indicators and Targets Timeline (launch) Responsibilities Costs Impact: Increase the resilience of at least 6.2% of the population in Antigua and Barbuda to climate variability and change, of which 51.4% are female.
Outcomes: Climate resilience outcomes include: • • • Increase drainage capacity along 17.3 miles (27.8 km) of road to cope with a 1-in-20-year return interval (R.I.) flooding event Bury electricity transmission lines along the roads to protect the infrastructure against a Category 5 hurricane Build capacity, update legislation and sustainable financing mechanisms to mainstream climate change into development planning design standards, operations and maintenance Output 1.1.
Enhanced climate resilience of 17.3 miles (27.8 km) of Antigua’s primary road and electricity transmission network through in-situ infrastructure upgrades Sustainable procurement of goods and services to include equal opportunity and promote inclusion of women, PWDs and other vulnerable groups in tenders to ensure that Monitoring direct and indirect employment under the Project (disaggregated by males, females and nationality) USD 20,000 (Activity 1.1.1) Accredited Entity Executing Entity Year 1 (Q2) 7 GCF Gender Analysis/Assessment and Gender and Social Inclusion Action Plan Templates http://www.greenclimate.fund/documents/20182/574712/Form_09_- _Gender_Assessment_and_Action_Plan_Template.pdf/3f4b8173-fbb2-4bc7-9bff-92f82dadd5c0 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 13 This is estimated to cost approx.
US$2 million (Activity 1.1.3) N/A Project Activity Indicators and Targets Timeline (launch) Responsibilities Costs they benefit from economic opportunities created under the project Adequate sidewalk width for wheelchairs to promote access for PWDs8; larger sidewalks will be safer for prams and young children % of km road with wheelchair accessible sidewalk Year 1 (Q1) Executing Entity Construction contractor shall make every effort to ensure that a minimum of 5%9 of all local hiring to be females Nominate 1 PWD/vulnerable group and promote gender balance of the Steering Committee (oversight function) Monitoring direct and indirect employment under the Project (disaggregated by males, females and nationality) At least one member of the Steering Committee represents the interests of vulnerable groups Year 1 (Q3) Year 1 (Q1) Steering Committee is gender- balanced Accredited Entity Executing Entity NDA N/A Accredited Entity Output 2.1.
Enabling environment for climate adaptation in infrastructure via strengthened governance, management, legislation and a sustainable financing strategy Capacity Building in Social and Gender Sensitisation % female of people trained Year 1 (Q3) $ 5,250 Social and Gender Consultant (TORs in Annex 2) (Activity 2.1.1) Provide entrepreneurship training for women, PWDs, and other vulnerable groups in services related to delivery of climate change information, adaptation and resilience Participants complete questionnaires before and after training to evaluate learning Number of women, PWDs, other vulnerable groups enrolled in continuous training in entrepreneurship as it relates to Year 2 (Q1) Executing entities $ 30,975 (Activity 2.1.7) 8 PWDs are estimated to represent 5.1% of the population in Antigua and Barbuda, which is slightly higher among females based on the 2001 Census (4.4% among men and 5.7% among women).
Several types of disabilities were reported during the Census: Sight, Hearing, Speech, Gripping, Mobility/Moving, Body Movements, Learning, Behavioural and Other.

The GOAB has signalled commitment to mainstreaming disability through the ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2016.

9 According to the Country Gender Assessment for Antigua and Barbuda (CDB, 2014), women represent 3.8% of the workforce in the construction sector.
Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 14 Project Activity Indicators and Targets Timeline (launch) Responsibilities Costs services, e.g.

EIAs, construction, project management, procurement, M&E, etc.
climate change adaptation and resilience services Gender-Responsive Road Safety Awareness Communication Strategy Partnership with entrepreneurship agency and/or universities to facilitate training Development and submission of business plans; mentors Number of “ally interventions” or awareness sessions – either one-on- one/group based conducted by women and vulnerable groups Social media campaign made by women for women and other vulnerable groups Number of complaints received through the complaints mechanism, disaggregated by gender Year 1 (Q2) Communications Consultant (TORs in Annex 3) $11,025 (Activity 2.1.7) Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 15 Annex 1.
Bibliography Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility (2010) Enhancing the climate risk and adaptation fact base for the Caribbean; Cayman Islands: Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility Caribbean Civil Group Ltd. (2016).

Feasibility Study: Road Infrastructure Improvement Project.

Prepared for the Ministry of Works and Housing in the Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

Destin, Dale (2016).

Antigua Met Service: Weather, climate & related info for smart decisions.
https://anumetservice.wordpress.com/2016/03/25/the-worst-drought-on-record-for- antigua/ Accessed April 6, 2016.

GENIVAR.

(2011).

Sustainable Island Resource Management Zoning Plan for Antigua and Barbuda (including Redonda).

St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

Global Water Partnership Caribbean.

(2013).

The Post 2015 Water Thematic Consultation: Antigua and Barbuda.

Government of Antigua and Barbuda (2003).


Laws of Antigua and Barbuda: physical planning act 2003; St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: Government of Antigua and Barbuda Government of Antigua and Barbuda (2004).

Laws of Antigua and Barbuda: Freedom Of Information Act 2004; St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

Government of Antigua and Barbuda (2015).


Laws of Antigua and Barbuda: Environmental Protection and Management Act 2015; St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: Government of Antigua and Barbuda Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

(2009).

Antigua and Barbuda's Second National Communication on Climate Change.

St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

Government of Antigua and Barbuda (2014).


Antigua and Barbuda 2011 Population and Housing Census book of statistical tables 1, St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: The Government of Antigua and Barbuda.

Huggins, T. (2014).

Country Gender Assessment for Antigua and Barbuda.

Prepared for the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB).

http://www.caribank.org/uploads/2014/12/CGA-AB- Vol-I-_JUNE-2014_FINAL.pdf.

International Union for Conservation of Nature (2013).

The Environment and Gender Index (EGI).


Pilot (Washington, D.C., IUCN).

Available at <https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/ documents/Rep-2013-008.pdf>.

Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 16 Ivor Jackson and Associates (2002).

Northwest Coast Local Area Plan Antigua.

St. John, Antigua and Barbuda: Ivor Jackson and Associates.

KAIRI consultants Ltd (2007).

Living conditions in Antigua and Barbuda: poverty in a services economy in transition.

OECS Secretariat (2013).


Gender Equality Mainstreaming Policy for the Organisation Of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) Secretariat.

Prepared with support from the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) http://www.oecs.org/sdu- resources?task=document.viewdoc&id=519 Organisation of American States (1992) “Natural resources assessment: application, and projects for the agricultural sector of Antigua and Barbuda”; Washington D.C.: OAS, Department Regional Development Osoba, Ermina (2005).
Women in Management and Decision-Making Processes in Antigua and Barbuda: A Statistical Analysis.

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2005).

Handbook of the Convention on Biological Diversity Including its Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, 3rd edition, (Montreal, Canada) accessed CARIBSAVE (2012).

Local Area Vulnerability Analysis for Antigua and Barbuda.

UNIFEM (2010).

Who Answers to Women?


Gender & Accountability: Progress of the World’s Women United Nations (2007) Concluding observations of the committee on the elimination of racial discrimination, Antigua and Barbuda; International Convention on the Elimination Of all Forms of Racial Discrimination Wege, David and Anadon, Veronica ed.

(2011).
(2011).

Important bird areas in the Caribbean: key conservation sites; Cambridge, Birdlife International World Bank (2011) Antigua and Barbuda Social Protection Assessment.

Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 17 Annex 2.
Terms of Reference – Capacity Building in Social and Gender Sensitization Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 18 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 19 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 20 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 21 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 22 Annex 3.
Terms of Reference – Gender-Responsive Road Safety Awareness Communication Strategy Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 23 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 24 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 25 Blueprint for Adapting Road Infrastructure 26