Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1694868342616.pdf (Georgia)
Measuring Gender Equality for Development ISET Gender Equality Index for Former Soviet Union Countries Norberto Pignatti & Yaroslava Babych For questions please contact: y.babych(at)iset.ge ; n.pignatti(at)iset.ge ISET and ISET Policy Institute ISET Policy Institute More gender equity means more development Improving gender equity is not only a goal with an intrinsic value.
A substantial body of research highlights the linkages between gender equity and the achievement of other development goals, such as health, education, social and economic rights fulfillment, and even growth.

ISET Policy Institute Good policy making requires measures Measuring gender equality properly is crucial for: - Understanding the challenges specific to the country and identifying the areas that need improvement; - Designing targeted interventions; - Monitoring and evaluating the impact of policies.
ISET Policy Institute The ISET Gender Equality Index for Former Soviet Union Countries • Modeled after the Gender Equality Index developed by the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) for the European Union • Utilizing indicators from public international databases, to maximize the comparability across countries.
• Developing Index – as more and better data become available – but already fully usable ISET Policy Institute The Index 5 ISET Policy Institute What is in ISET GEI Sub- Domains Core Domains Indicators Countries Years 12+2 6 Work Money Knowledge 10 Time Power Health 16 ILO UNDP UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) World Bank (WDI and Gender Statistics) WHO Country Reports All FSU countries excluding Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan 2000-2019 Greece Sweden ISET Policy Institute Process Selection and processing of indicators Calculating gender gaps Calculating the correcting coefficient Calculating the gender gap metric Calculating the Index Weighting ISET Policy Institute Output overview: rankings by domain Work Money Knowledge Time Power Health 8 ISET Policy Institute Work domain The domain of work measures the extent to which women and men can benefit from equal access to employment and good working conditions [participation, gender segregation, quality of work].
9 ISET Policy Institute Work Domain Sweden Estonia Lithuania Belarus Latvia Russia Kazakhstan Moldova Ukraine Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia Kyrgyzstan Greece 74.6 74.6 73.4 70.9 70.7 68.2 67.5 65.2 64.3 61.6 59.1 57.7 57.6 57.0 2019 Work Domain ISET Policy Institute Money domain The domain of money measures gender inequalities in access to financial resources [and to financial institutions] and women’s and men’s economic situation.
11 ISET Policy Institute Money Domain Sweden Latvia Lithuania Estonia Greece Russia Belarus Kazakhstan Ukraine Moldova Georgia Armenia Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Azerbaijan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan 93.7 79.2 79.1 78.0 74.1 67.9 67.8 60.0 56.2 55.2 53.4 2019 43.8 43.2 41.2 40.1 38.6 32.9 Money Domain ISET Policy Institute Knowledge domain The domain of knowledge measures gender inequalities in educational attainment, and participation in education and training over the life course.
13 ISET Policy Institute Knowledge Domain Kazakhstan Russia Uzbekistan Belarus Armenia Ukraine Georgia Lithuania Estonia Moldova Sweden Latvia Azerbaijan Greece Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan 98.5 88.0 85.3 80.2 74.5 69.5 67.3 2019 63.5 62.8 61.1 60.9 57.3 52.1 50.3 47.2 27.4 Knowledge Domain ISET Policy Institute Time domain The domain of time measures gender inequalities in allocation of time spent doing care and domestic work.
15 ISET Policy Institute Time Domain Sweden Estonia Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Kazakhstan Latvia Moldova Lithuania Russia Belarus Greece Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia 98.1 95.6 95.4 94.6 94.1 2019 93.5 93.2 92.9 92.8 92.7 92.6 87.1 85.0 83.4 Time Domain ISET Policy Institute Power domain The domain of power measures gender equality in decision-making positions across the political and economic spheres.
17 ISET Policy Institute Power Domain Sweden Belarus Latvia Moldova Estonia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Ukraine Lithuania Greece Russia Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia 86.1 80.9 2019 60.4 57.0 54.0 51.8 48.9 44.4 41.5 38.1 38.0 37.6 36.4 33.5 Power Domain ISET Policy Institute Health domain The domain of health measures gender equality in three health -related aspects: health status, health behaviour and access to health services.
19 ISET Policy Institute Health Domain Sweden Estonia Azerbaijan Lithuania Greece Armenia Kazakhstan Belarus Ukraine Russia Latvia Georgia Kyrgyzstan Moldova 91.9 90.9 90.0 89.8 88.8 88.7 88.6 88.4 88.3 88.1 88.1 87.6 87.0 87.0 2019 Health Domain ISET Policy Institute Overall results 21 ISET Policy Institute ISET Gender Equality Index for Former Soviet Union Countries Sweden Belarus Kazakhstan Estonia Latvia Russia Lithuania Moldova Ukraine Greece Armenia Georgia Kyrgyzstan Azerbaijan 80.7 79.0 74.0 72.0 71.0 69.3 68.2 66.4 65.3 2019 60.1 60.0 59.4 56.6 54.5 ISET Policy Institute How did the countries evolve over time?
Armenia Latvia Ukraine Belarus Estonia Moldova Russia Georgia Kyrgyzstan Sweden Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Greece Lithuania Change 2015-17 6.2 Change 2017-19 1.6 Change 2015-19 7.8 0.5 1.3 3.5 4.2 1.8 2.5 2.6 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.2 6.6 4.5 1.9 1.2 2.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.3 7.1 5.8 5.4 5.4 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.3 1.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 ISET Policy Institute The path forward • Identify critical areas and monitoring the evolution over time in the FSU countries – useful tool for policymakers, NGOs, and donors • Policy work, studying changes and analyzing trends at the domain and subdomain levels (with a comparative perspective), to suggest policy actions and evaluate policies • • Country level analysis (see Georgia example) Regional level analysis (e.g.
South Caucasus) ISET Policy Institute Country level analysis: Georgia 25 Evolution of the Gender Equality Index 2000-2019, Georgia vs. EU comparator countries 0 0 1 - 0 s t n o p i , x e d n I y t i l a u q E r e d n e G Georgia Sweden Greece 26 ISET Policy Institute What was driving the results for Georgia 2011-2017?
Overall/Domains 2011 2015 2017 Change 2011-2015 2015-2017 Overall 50.0 56.5 59.2 Work 61.4 63.0 62.4 Money 40.1 45.9 52.7 Knowledge 62.7 65.3 67.3 Time 83.4 83.4 83.4 Power 18.6 29.5 32.8 Health 87.4 87.4 87.5 6.5 1.6 5.8 2.6 0 10.9 0 2.7 -0.6 6.8 2 0 3.3 0.1 27 ISET Policy Institute What is driving the results for Georgia: 2011 and 2017?
2011 2015 2017 Domain Sub-domain Work Participation Indicator Full-Time equivalent (FTE) employment rate Indicator Duration of working life Sub-domain Segregation Indicator 1- Employment in industry, % of total employment Indicator Part time employment Indicator People in vulnerable employment 61.4 73.3 65.8 80.9 51.4 18.9 70.3 65.0 2011- 2015 1.6 2.0 0.0 3.9 1.4 2015- 2017 -0.6 -1.4 0.0 -2.9 0.0 63.0 75.3 65.8 84.8 62.4 73.8 65.8 81.9 52.8 52.7 18.2 17.1 -0.8 -1.1 70.3 70.3 69.8 70.8 0.0 4.9 0.0 1.0 ISET Policy Institute What is driving the results for Georgia: 2011 and 2017?
Domain Money Sub-domain Financial resources Indicator Estimated Gross National Income per capita 2011 40.1 40.1 24.2 2015 45.9 45.9 2017 52.7 52.7 28.6 28.4 Indicator Domain Sub-domain Indicator Share of people, 15+, with accounts at financial institutions 56.1 63.3 76.9 Knowledge Attainment and participation Population with tertiary education (% of 25+ at least completed short- cycle tertiary) 62.7 62.7 62.7 65.3 65.3 67.3 67.3 65.3 67.3 2011-2015 5.8 2015-2017 6.7 5.8 4.4 7.2 2.6 2.6 2.6 6.7 -0.1 13.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 ISET Policy Institute What was driving the results for Georgia: 2011 to 2017?
Domain Sub-domain Indicator Domain Sub-domain Indicator Sub-domain Time Care activities People doing cooking and/or housework Power Political Share of seats in the National Parliament held by women Economic Indicator Share of women in managerial positions 2011 2015 2017 83.4 83.4 83.4 18.6 5.3 5.3 65.0 65.0 83.4 83.4 83.4 29.5 10.9 10.9 79.8 79.8 83.4 83.4 83.4 32.8 17.7 17.7 61.0 61.0 2011- 2015 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.9 5.6 5.6 14.8 14.8 2015- 2017 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 6.8 6.8 -18.8 -18.8 ISET Policy Institute What was driving the results for Georgia between 2011 and 2017?
Domain Sub-domain Indicator Indicator Sub-domain Health Status Life expectancy Healthy life years Behavior Indicator Percentage of people who do not smoke Indicator People who are not overweight, % of adults Sub-domain Indicator Access Unmet needs for medical examination (probability of survival till age 5, =1-mortality rate) 2011- 2015 0.0 0.7 0.9 0.5 -0.6 1.5 -2.6 0.1 0.1 2015- 2017 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.7 -0.7 0.0 0.0 ISET Policy Institute Thank You