Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1696589638713.pdf (United States)
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH WHISTLEBLOWING WHISTLEBLOWER.HOUSE.GOV WHISTLEBLOWEROFFICE@MAIL.HOUSE.GOV 202-226-6638 OVERVIEW The legislative branch workforce is comprised of congressional employees and the employees of several legislative agencies.

Unlike the executive branch, the legislative branch does not have traditional whistleblower protections for employees who make disclosures evidencing waste, fraud, or other misconduct.
However, protections exist for legislative branch employees who exercise their rights under the Congressional Accountability Act (CAA).

Congressional Accountability Act The Congressional Accountability Act (CAA) applies 14 federal employment, labor, safety and health, and accessibility laws to the legislative branch.

Covered employees include most legislative branch staff, former staff, and applicants, interns (both paid and unpaid), detailees, and fellows.
Section 208 of the CAA prohibits retaliation against a covered employee for exercising their rights under the law such as reporting relevant misconduct like an unsafe workplace or discrimination.

The CAA is administered by the Office of Congressional Workplace Rights (OCWR), which is available to provide confidential consultations to covered employees.

The Office of Employee Advocacy is available to provide confidential consultations and legal counsel to covered employees.
The Office of House Employment Counsel (OHEC) can provide similar services for House employers.

Offices That Accept And/Or Investigate Congressional Whistleblower Disclosures ■ The House Ethics Committee accepts and may investigate and adjudicate alleged violations of House rules and related statutes by House Members, officers, or employees.

Anyone can report misconduct to the Committee and individuals may seek a confidential consultation before reporting an allegation for investigation.
■ The Office of Congressional Ethics receives and reviews allegations of misconduct concerning House Members, officers, or employees.

Where the Office’s Board finds an allegation to be meritorious, it will refer the matter to the House Ethics Committee.

The Office conducts a formal review of misconduct allegations it receives, and if the Board finds that misconduct occurred, the reports and findings of the Office will eventually become public, regardless of the Ethics Committee’s decision.
■ The House Office of the Inspector General receives and investigates allegations related to fraud, waste, or mismanagement within the administrative functions of the House.
■ The Senate Select Committee on Ethics accepts, investigates, and conducts adjudicatory reviews of improper conduct or allegations that any Senator, or officer, or employee of the Senate has violated a law, the Senate Code of Official Conduct, or any rule or regulation of the Senate relating to the conduct of any individual in the performance of their duty.
CONGRESSIONAL WHISTLEBLOWERS (HOUSE AND SENATE EMPLOYEES) House or Senate employees can disclose alleged misconduct to several offices that may investigate.

However, staff are not explicitly protected by federal law for doing so outside of the Congressional Accountability Act protections as described above.
Prohibiting Retaliation — House Code Of Official Conduct Clause 20 the House Code of Official Conduct prohibits a House Member, Delegate, Resident, Commissioner, officer, or employee from taking any actions to prevent an individual from, or to retaliate against an individual for, providing truthful information to the Committee on Ethics, the Office of Congressional Ethics, Legal Disclaimer: This document is for general informational purposes only.

Its contents are not legal advice.


the Office of Congressional Workplace Rights, or any law enforcement official, provided that the disclosure of such information is not otherwise prohibited by law or House rules.

Note that this is a House-specific provision and does not prohibit actions taken by those outside of the House.
Confidentiality — House Code Of Official Conduct Clause 21 of the Code of Official Conduct for the House prohibits a House Member, officer, or employee from publicly disclosing the identity of, or personally identifiable information about, any individual who has reported allegations of wrongdoing, including unlawful whistleblower retaliation, pursuant to any federal law that establishes a right to make protected disclosures to Congress.
Exceptions, such as the whistleblower’s prior written consent, are included in Clause 21.

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH AGENCY WHISTLEBLOWERS Some legislative branch agencies have formal or informal processes in place to review employee allegations of misconduct.

These processes, sometimes administered by offices of inspectors general, may offer confidentiality.

Most legislative branch agencies are covered under the Congressional Accountability Act.
Government Publishing Office (GPO) Employees of the Government Publishing Office (GPO) are covered under the Whistleblower Protection Act.

Disclosures of alleged misconduct may be made to the GPO Office of Inspector General (OIG) or other audiences under the Act.

The OIG refers whistleblower retaliation complaints to the Office of Special Counsel, the Merit Systems Protection Board, or GPO’s Equal Opportunity Office.
United States Capitol Police (USCP) United States Capitol Police employees may disclose alleged misconduct through several channels, in addition to OCWR.

The Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) receives and investigates internal and external allegations of misconduct by USCP employees.

Its internal policies prohibit retaliation against employees who make disclosures.

The Office of Inspector General (OIG) conducts oversight of USCP programs and operations.
Its authorizing statute requires that the IG maintain employee whistleblower confidentiality in most circumstances and prohibits retaliation against good faith disclosures.

The OIG may refer some disclosures to the OPR for investigation.

Both offices offer confidential consultation and accept anonymous disclosures.

Unionized employees may also make protected disclosures and file grievances through their respective union — the USCP Labor Committee or Teamsters.
Oversight Of Legislative Branch Offices Of Inspectors General Where an employee alleges misconduct by officials in a legislative branch office of inspector general, the Integrity Committee (IC) of the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE) may have jurisdiction to investigate.
Inspectors general of the Library of Congress, Capitol Police, Government Publishing Office, Government Accountability Office, and the Architect of the Capitol, as well as their direct reports and designated staff members, are Covered Persons under the IC’s authority.

The IC also has authority to review allegations of misconduct by an agent or special agent in a legislative branch OIG.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES Additional House Support Offices: • House Office of Employee Assistance (OEA): Provides confidential support services and resources available to assist House employees and their family members.

HouseNet website • House Office of General Counsel (OGC): Provides legal advice and representation to House Members, Committees, officers, and employees, without regard to political affiliation, on a variety of matters related to their official duties.
HouseNet website Congressional Research Service (CRS): Legislative Whistleblowers and the First Amendment Office of Congressional Workplace Rights: Know Your Rights in the Legislative Branch Office of Congressional Workplace Rights: Occupational Safety and Health Concerns Arising Out of the Events of January 6, 2021 Rules of the House of Representatives: Rule XXIII — Code of Official Conduct