Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1697639831574.pdf (Antigua and Barbuda)
2018 Trafficking in Persons Report Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Table of Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 10 Prevention Committee ..................................................................................................................... 12 Prevention .............................................................................................................................................. 12 Protection ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Protection ............................................................................................................................................... 14 Prosecution ............................................................................................................................................ 15 Partnership ............................................................................................................................................ 15 Typology and Trends ......................................................................................................................... 16 Red Flags ................................................................................................................................................ 17 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 24 Contacts .................................................................................................................................................. 26 Legislation Applicable to TIP Cases ............................................................................................ 27 1 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Abbreviations ABAS ABC ABDF Antigua and Barbuda Airport Security Antigua and Barbuda Customs and Excise Department Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force ABDF CG Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force Coast Guard AUA CTF DOI DGA EMS ETF FSS MOH American University of Antigua Cases Task Force Department of Immigration Directorate of Gender Affairs Emergency Medical Services Education Task Force Family and Social Services Ministry of Health MOPS&L Ministry of Public Safety and Labour NGO ONDCP PSE RPFAB TIPPC LIAT Non-Governmental Organization Office of National Drug and Money Laundering Control Policy Public Service Entities Royal Police Force of Antigua and Barbuda Trafficking in Persons Prevention Committee Leeward Island Air Transport 2 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Definitions Recruiting Transport Transfer The act or attempt to acquire the services of (a person) for an employer To carry, move, or convey from one place to another To be moved from one place to another Harbouring To house or contain Receiving Threat Menace Force Coercion Abduction Fraud To take into one's possession A declaration of an intention or determination to inflict punishment, injury, etc., in retaliation for, or conditionally upon, some action or course A person or thing that is likely to cause harm Strength or power exerted upon an object; physical coercion; or violence To compel by force, intimidation, or authority, especially without regard for individual desire or volition The illegal carrying or enticing away of a person, especially by interfering with a relationship, as the taking of a child from its parent Deceit, trickery, sharp practice, or breach of confidence, perpetrated for profit or to gain some unfair or dishonest advantage Deception To mislead by a false appearance or statement; delude Abuse of power Giving or receiving of payment or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person Exploitation Treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work *Definitions from the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Act 2010.
3 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Message from the Minister It is generally accepted that Human Trafficking in most cases is a hidden crime.

Victims rarely come forward to seek help primarily due to fear.

It is reported that every year millions of men, women and children are trafficked in countries around the world using force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act.
We in Antigua and Barbuda do not support this or any other form of human cruelty, since no one should ever be taken against his or her will and be subjected to such cruel and inhumane activities and treatment.

Human Trafficking is estimated to generate billions of dollars profit per year for unscrupulous persons who engage in this nefarious activity.

In this regard and to inform the public, awareness campaigns have been organized by the Trafficking of Persons (Prevention) Committee.
These campaigns have been ongoing and continue to reach thousands around the island.

The members of the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee, Task Forces and the Secretariat must be commended for the outstanding work they have done and are doing in bringing the scourge of Human Trafficking to the attention of all persons.

Through their campaigns, there have been a high level of awareness among the general public.

The Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Act was passed in 2010.
It was amended and strengthened to prevent any gaps that would allow perpetrators to exploit loopholes in the law and avoid criminal prosecution.

The twin island state was upgraded to Tier 2 in the Trafficking in Persons Report 2018.
It was said “the government of Antigua and Barbuda demonstrated 4 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 increasing efforts by conducting more investigations and improving victim identification, conducting its first trafficking raid, establishing a new Trafficking Unit to coordinate and expedite efforts across the government, tripling its budget for combating trafficking, creating new agreements with government agencies to improve coordination and victim protection, and developing a new trafficking database to better track cases”.
The government of Antigua and Barbuda will continue its relentless efforts in fighting Human Trafficking in the State.

Hon.
Hon.

Steadroy Benjamin Attorney General Minister of Legal Affairs, Public Safety & Labour 5 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Message from the Chairperson The year 2018 has been a very productive and rewarding year, where we continued and extended our education initiatives, as we seek to continue exposing the wider populace of Antigua and Barbuda to the fact that modern day slavery exists and anyone can fall victim to predatory recruiters.
I urge our citizens to be cautious and vigilant when approached with job and travel opportunities that appear too good to be true, or where travel documents will be provided, or where accommodation arrangements are expected to be kept secret.

These are all indications of possible Human Trafficking scams which should be brought to the attention of the Police so that they can be properly investigated.
As Chairperson of the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee (TIPPC), I wish to applaud the work of the Committee, the Trafficking in Persons Prevention Secretariat (TIPPC), the Cases Task Force and Education Task Forces along with our supporting partners, as we continue our fight to eradicate the scourge of human trafficking in Antigua and Barbuda.
In the year ending December 2018, the Government spent over Eastern Caribbean EC$424,372.79 dollars on Shelter accommodation, medical care, air fare and various public education activities in addressing the issue of Human Trafficking.

As we continue our fight against this heinous crime, we extended our awareness training to persons involved in the airline industry and continued targeting our health care, guest services, immigration, customs and labour relations sectors.
Target audiences included persons at the V.C.

Bird International Airport (VCBIA), the Airport Authority and airline staff, the hospitality industry inclusive of hotel workers, taxi drivers, trade unions and domestic workers.

6 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 As Barbuda continue to recover from the Ravages of Hurricane Irma and residents and businesses work on their return to normalcy, we will extend our efforts to include the sister isle.
It is anticipated that construction and other rebuilding work will continue well into the foreseeable future and the Governments’ plans anticipate much economic activity which would generate an influx of Labour, a development which the TIPPC and Task Forces will closely monitor.

We are pleased that during the year 2018, we were able to appoint a Medical Doctor to complement the staff of the Human Trafficking (Prevention) Secretariat which serves as the TIP coordinating entity.
In addition, the staff was and will continue to be exposed to various international, regional and locally held Human Trafficking workshops.

The Secretariat continues to provide support to the Education and Cases Task Forces and our partners.

We will continue the work to further strengthen the Secretariat and enhance its functions.

The Committee is and will continue to be committed to eradicating this crime against humanity from Antigua and Barbuda.
Mrs. Stacey Gregg-Paige Chairperson Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee 7 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Antigua and Barbuda’s vulnerability Source: https://www.dreamstime.com Situated on the eastern edge of the Caribbean Sea, 17 degrees north of the equator, the country has a total landmass of 441.6 sq.

km.

(170.5 sq.

ml.)

of which Antigua (the largest of the Leeward Islands) accounts for 279.7 sq.

km.

(108 sq.

ml.
km.

(108 sq.

ml.

), Barbuda, a flat coral island to the north for 160.6 sq.

km.

(62 sq.

ml.)

and the rocky uninhabited islet of Redonda to the south for 1.3 sq.

km.

(0.5 sq.

ml.).

Antigua and Barbuda is situated 1,425 miles south-east of Miami and just over 4,000 miles southwest of the United Kingdom.
The 2011 census estimated the resident population at 85,567, of whom 40,986 (47.90%) were male and 44,581 (52.10%) were female, representing a 11.29% growth in 2011 over 2001; of this figure Barbuda represents 1,325 of whom 687 (51.85%) were male and 638 (48.15%) were female.
It is broadly accepted that the resident population has grown since the 2011 census by (a) immigration, particularly of CARICOM nationals and expatriate workers in the tourism industry; (b) return of nationals of retirement age; and (c) a slower rate of emigration.

But, since there has been no census since 2011, it is not possible to reference a more accurate population count.
8 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Antigua and Barbuda enjoys a relatively high standard of living.

In the World Justice Projects Rule of Law index 2016, Antigua and Barbuda received a score of 0.67 and was ranked 29th out of 113 countries and was given an income rank of 28/30; the country also ranked 5th within the regional Jurisdiction of Latin America and the Caribbean.
In the 2015 United Nations Human Development Index Antigua and Barbuda received a value of 0.783 and ranked 58 out of 188 countries, emerging as one of the leading performers in the Caribbean with only the Bahamas (55) and Barbados (57) being ranked higher.

Figures from the ECCB show preliminary GDP contributions for the fiscal year 2015 of 3,075.67 (GDP in Market Prices; EC$M).

The main industry of Antigua and Barbuda is tourism.
Traditionally, the country is not a source country for trafficking in persons but, though relatively small in comparison with other countries, it has experienced trafficking as a destination and transit jurisdiction.

Antigua and Barbuda’s relatively high standard of living, government-funded education, subsidized health care and economic growth has made it a hub for persons seeking a better life.
While most persons navigate the legal immigration process relatively easily, a few less fortunate individuals are lured to the island with grandiose promises of high-paying jobs.

In recent years, adult entertainment entities such as nightclubs have arisen.

These entities present a risk of trafficking associated activities.

For this reason, particular attention is paid to them.
9 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Executive Summary Trafficking in Persons in Antigua and Barbuda In Antigua and Barbuda, the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee is the agency responsible for national anti-human trafficking efforts.

The Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee was established under the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Act of 2010.
Section 11 of the Act gives the Committee the authority to establish such Task Forces as it deems necessary to assist in the performance of its function and exercise of its power under the Act.

The committee is comprised of heads or designates of the following bodies: 1.

Ministry of Public Safety and Labour (National Security) 2.

Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force Coast Guard 3.

Royal Police Force of Antigua and Barbuda 4.

Office of National Drug and Money Laundering Control Policy 5.
Comptroller of Customs 6.

Chief Immigration Officer 7.

Director of Family and Social Services Division 8.

Director of Gender Affairs 9.

The Salvation Army (NGO) 10.

The Lions Club (NGO) 11.

Task Force Cases Chairperson 12.


Task Force Education Chairperson The wide cross-section of representation from the various organizations and Departments allow for a better synergy as these members hold an executive position in their respective organization which empowers them to make decisions and implement policies within their parent body.
To assist the committee in executing its mandate, two (2) Task Forces have been established – Task Forces Cases and the Education Task Force – which utilizes and is centered around the 3P’s of Human Trafficking – Prevention, Protection and Prosecution.
10 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 The Cases Task Force is responsible for the Protection of victims and the Prosecution of offenders and share a responsibility with the Secretariat in the 3 R’s of Justice for Human Trafficking Victims - Rescue, Rehabilitation and Reintegration.

The Cases Task Force has enhanced its abilities and resources to conduct more surveillances, investigations and interviews.

Task Force Cases comprises members from: 1.


Royal Police Force of Antigua and Barbuda 2.

Office of National Drug and Money Laundering Control Policy 3.

Antigua and Barbuda Immigration Department 4.

Family and Social Services Division 5.

Directorate of Gender Affairs 6.

Department of Immigration The Education Task Force includes members from various government and private sector entities.

The Task Force’s main mandate is educating the populace of Antigua and Barbuda on human trafficking.
Task Force Education comprises members from: 1.

Ministry of Education 2.

Ministry of Public Safety and Labour 3.

Antigua and Barbuda Immigration Department 4.

Media Fraternity 5.

Medical Fraternity In 2017, the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee created a Secretariat to, (a) coordinate the activities of the Task Forces and Committee, and (b) be the central repository for all TIP data.

The Secretariat comprises the following: 1.

An Administrative Assistant 2.

A Senior Accounts Clerk 3.


A Registry Clerk 4.

A Victim Care and Support Officer 5.
A Communications Officer 11 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Prevention Committee The primary function of the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee (TIPPC) is to establish and maintain many of the mechanisms necessary to; Prevent - bring awareness to and educate the population; Protect - identify, rescue and support victims; and investigate potential reports of human trafficking; Prosecute - identify and charge perpetrators of human trafficking before the courts; Partner - collaborate with other stakeholders supported by regional and international partners.
Prevention The Trafficking in Persons Prevention Committee During this reporting period, training and continues to increase the awareness of Human sensitizations were conducted with Senior Officers, Trafficking throughout Antigua and Barbuda.
other ranks and recruits from the Royal Police This is conducted by marketing strategies and Force, Managerial staff of the LIAT 1974 Ltd., as well campaigns such as the placement of billboards, as students and faculty members of the American facilitation of radio and television presentations.

University of Antigua.


Emphasis was also placed on Moreover, collaborations with other government the sensitization of frontline workers as part of the agencies to produce public service essential services which included Doctors, Nurses announcements are some of the tools used to and Immigration Officers.

This was executed to convey this message to the citizens of Antigua and ensure all individuals involved in handling these Barbuda.
reported cases are equipped and knowledgeable of Additionally, the Education Task Force with the the laws enacted.

support of Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) The TIPPC Awareness Week was held during the Secretariat and other TIPPC members, conducted period September 23rd to 29th 2018, with focus on a series of awareness / sensitization and training brining attention to labour exploitation as it relates sessions with several government and non- to human trafficking.
This was supported by our government agencies, including Faith Based social partners as well as the general public.

Organizations.
Organizations.

12 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 This year, outreach activities placed significant emphasis on domestic workers, who are at risk of being forced into domestic servitude and young adults about to graduate from school, many of whom are expected to seek opportunities for Funding was also provided by the Attorney General, Task Force Cases members and the TIP Secretariat.
The government of Antigua & Barbuda has pledged its continuing support in the effort to prevent and protect victims from human trafficking.

educational advancement and employment abroad.

Protection Awareness Week 2018 activities included: Throughout the year, the Cases Task Force, in o A Church Service collaboration with local stakeholders, executed o Interactive Presentations at four (4) secondary intervention missions on establishments believed to schools engage in Human Trafficking.
o Primetime discussions on talk shows on four (4) radio stations o Presentation to one (1) community / NGO group.

o Street fair at a prominent location in St. John’s o Awareness Walk through St. John’s.

On February 9th 2018, the Cases Task Force led a coalition executed intervention missions on two (2) nightclubs suspected of engaging in Human Trafficking related activities.
Additionally, on April 6th 2018, Antigua and Barbuda participated in INTERRPOL’s regional Anti-Human Trafficking As a proactive approach and essential need to exercise known as “Operation Rescue” which was a eradicate human trafficking, the Trafficking in coordinated approach executed simultaneously Persons Prevention Committee submitted its 2019- across 10 regional countries.

2022 National Strategy and Action plan to the cabinet for approval.
The plan outlines the purpose of the committee to combat human trafficking for the period of three (3) years.

The government continues to increase prevention efforts.

The 2018 expenditure for anti-trafficking activities was $424,372.79 Eastern Caribbean Dollars compared to $330,075.75 Eastern Caribbean dollars in 2017.

Caring for the Five (5) confirmed victims accounted for $53,241.

57 of the overall expenditure.


In addition, social services for victims were provide by the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Secretariat’s victim care budget.

Search and rescue operations were executed on two (2) night clubs, as a part of the INTERPOL operation.

These operations involved a total of five (5) key Government agencies.

The INTERPOL operation executed on April 6th 2018 resulted in matters not pertaining to human trafficking, these were referred to the Immigration Department.
See the 2017 report here: https://ab.gov.ag/pdf/TIPP_Annual_Report.pdf 13 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Protection These rescue missions resulted in securing forty - seven (47) potential victims, all of whom underwent the screening process.

At the conclusion of the screening interviews, the first operation confirmed five (5) human trafficking victims, all females of Jamaican nationality.
The five (5) victims of human trafficking cooperated with authorities throughout the investigation.

Medical services were offered by the Trafficking in Person (Prevention) Committee in-house medical consultant.

Counseling as requested by victims was provided by the Family and Social Services Division.

Victim Care and Support was offered by the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Secretariat and the Cases Task Force with the support of government and private partner funding.
Two (2) victims, upon request, were safely reintegrated into society after a risk assessment was done by the Cases Task Force.

After reintegration, these victims were The Victim Care and Support officer remains in contact with all victims.

The increased awareness activities and sensitization has resulted in six (6) additional reports being received by the Cases Task Force and Secretariat.
These reports were thoroughly investigated and while they bore some semblance, they were concluded not to be human trafficking.

These reports were referred to the relevant authorities for further action.

Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee (TIPPC), in collaboration with an international partner, have drafted TIP agency-specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the Labour Department, The Immigration Department, Law Enforcement Agencies and Emergency Room and Medical Personnel.
These SOPs are presently being finalized and are expected to become effective within the first quarter of 2019. closely monitored and supported by the Victim Our main international partner facilitated the Care and Support officer and the Cases Task hosting of a training workshop for nineteen Force.

Subsequently, all victims voluntarily returned home with the support of Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee and the government of Antigua and Barbuda.
Three (3) victims were referred to the International Organization for Migration, Kingston Jamaica.

Two (2) victims returned to stable family environments, while one (1) victim is the recipient of IOM reintegration program.

(19) law enforcement officers in July of 2018.

This activity exposed participants to some of the intricacies of investigating and prosecuting human trafficking cases while protecting the rights of victims.
Follow us on Facebook: TIPPC Antigua 14 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Partnership Prosecution As we continue to collaborate with our regional The Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Amendment counterparts to eradicate human trafficking, the Bill 2018, amended the Trafficking in Persons government of Antigua and Barbuda is poised to (Prevention) Act 2010 by revising the existing sign a Memorandum of Understanding on penalty provisions and introducing more stringent Multilateral cooperation to counter human penalties for offenders convicted of offences under trafficking.
This MOU involves four (4) other the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Act by regional countries; Belize, Jamaica, Trinidad and removing the option of issuing a fine or a term of Tobago and the Bahamas and will seek to formalize imprisonment and making it mandatory that any and strengthen regional co-operation person convicted will receive the stricter penalty of mechanisms.

both punishments.
both punishments.

During the reporting period the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Secretariat had the opportunity to host two (2) interns in 2018.

These interns were studying human rights as law students.

Their studies and understanding of human trafficking made them suitable candidates for the easter and summer placement.

Our partnership with the Antigua Trades and Labour union (AT&LU) facilitated the production of a Public Service Announcement (PSA) for television geared at domestic workers.
This PSA will begin airing on national television in 2019.

The Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee expresses sincere gratitude to all of our partners as well as the public of Antigua and Barbuda.

Your support during 2018 made many of or achievements possible.

The reporting period resulted in one (1) perpetrator charged with human trafficking in 2018.Trafficking charges to include, five (5) counts of human trafficking, five (5) counts of using the services and two (2) debt bondage.
This matter is before the court along with the previous human trafficking case.

Meanwhile the TIP Secretariat keeps up-to-date with the upcoming court matter and remains in contact with the Director of Public Prosecution’s office and the victims.

The reporting period of 2017 concluded with seven (7) matters reported and three (3) were confirmed TIP related.

In 2018, two (2) victims refused to go forward with the investigation, both victims returned to their home country.
Investigation into the third matter revealed that, although it bore some resemblance to human trafficking a better result was gained by it being dealt with under the appropriate law.
15 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Typology and Trends From intelligence received and the analysis of data, the Cases Task Force has been able to create a recruitment profile used by the traffickers which suggests that the young and impressionable or young single mothers with heavy dependency – young children, are being targeted for trafficking.
Young and Impressionable Recruiters are employed by traffickers to return to their respective home as vacationers to spin a tale of grandeur and riches.

During the recruitment process, the recruiters live the life that every impressionable girl prefers.

They are given a telephone number for the potential employer.

All arrangements are made and they are told that it is a requirement to have US$3001 on their person when traveling.
If they do not have the money, then arrangements are made for them to be loaned the money to show and it is handed over as soon as the recruits arrives at their destination.

They are kept in check by the debt owed and the “erotic” pictures they had submitted.

Single mothers with heavy dependency Recruiters single out single mothers who have young children or elderly family members that depend heavily on them financially.
They are approached and told of easy pickings and the possibilities of making at least US$1002 per night.

A story is then spun of a national of their respective country that has made it big in Antigua & Barbuda and now owns clubs, bars, restaurant and even a mall.
The story teller posits that it would be a great opportunity to travel, make money and better their present circumstances and indicates that the business owner is looking to hire good talent in the form of dancers, bartenders, waitress and hosts for her establishments.

The story teller suggests that accommodations are provided, and work is five (5) days per week, which would give you time for yourself and your family and provide the means for you to support your dependents.
Soon to be victims are then told that airfare can be provided if they cannot afford it and which they could repay in no time from all the money they will be making.

Some are asked for pictures and others are asked personal family questions.

Once they arrive, they are then placed in debt bondage and forced into sexual servitude to repay the ticket money as well as to pay rent and other expenses.
1 This money is identified as “passing fee” – money to show Immigration that you have the means to support yourself.

2 The current exchange rate in Jamaica of US $1 is JA$ 126.52. www.xe.com › XE Currency Charts.

16 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Further pictures are taken and threats of disclosure to immediate family members are made.

The fear of shame and failure keeps them inline.


Red Flags There are a number of simple indicators that will alert you as to the possibility of human trafficking.

The situation is not always the same and, in some cases, indicators may be present but upon investigation the matter may turn out to be that of another nature.

The indicators have been broken down and directed towards two (2) distinct groups, - the everyday citizen and the financial institutions.
This list is not exhaustive, there are many more indicators, and however, we present the following: - Ordinary Citizens Adults who have been trafficked may: • Appear malnourished • Show signs of physical injuries and abuse • Avoid eye contact, social interaction, and authority figures/law enforcement • Seem to adhere to scripted or rehearsed responses in social interaction • Lack official identification documents • Appear destitute/lacking personal possessions • Be unable to leave their work environment • Show signs that their movements are being controlled • Show fear or anxiety • Suffer injuries that appear to be the result of an assault • Be distrustful of the authorities • Be afraid of revealing their immigration status • Not be in possession of their passports or other travel or identity documents, as those documents are being held by someone else • Have false identity or travel documents • Not know their home or work address • Allow others to speak for them when addressed directly • Act as if they were instructed by someone else • Be forced to work under certain conditions • Receive little or no payment • Have no access to their earnings • Work excessively long hours over long periods • Not have any days off • Live in poor or substandard accommodations • Have limited or no social interaction • Be unable to communicate freely with others 17 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Children who have been trafficked may: • Have no access to their parents or guardians • Look intimidated and behave in a way that does not correspond with behaviour typical of children their age • Have no friends of their own age outside of work • Have no access to education • Have no time for playing • Eat apart from other members of the “family" • Be engaged in work that is not suitable for children • Travel in groups with persons who are not relatives The following might also indicate that children have been trafficked: • The presence of child-sized clothing typically worn for doing
 manual or sex work • The presence of toys, beds and children's clothing in inappropriate places such as brothels and factories DOMESTIC SERVITUDE People who have been trafficked for the purpose of domestic servitude may: • Live with a family • Not eat with the rest of the family • Have no private space • Sleep in a shared or inappropriate space • Never or rarely leave the house for social reasons • Never leave the house without their employer • Be given only leftovers to eat • Be subjected to insults, abuse, threats or violence Financial Institutions • High volume of deposits funnelled through various accounts and immediately withdrawn • Ongoing ATM/credit card transactions in even amounts between 10 pm and 6 am • Constant transfer of same amount of money to same individuals • Sudden activity changes in business accounts outside of the customer’s expected profile • Payment of bills strictly by cash instead of personal checks or credit cards • Declaration of greater profits – increase in income while no increase in expenditures • Steady profitability even in a down turn economy • Little or no financial paper trail • Structured cash deposits at multiple banks 18 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Trafficking in Person (Prevention) Committee Highlights Education Activities Venue Target Audience Audience Date No Community Outreach 1 28-Jan-18 Beacon Light Church of Nazarene Church Members 24-Apr-18 Project Hope Community Centre Project Home Resource Members 1-May-18 Nelsons Dockyard Reggae in The Park 2-May-18 Pigeon Beach 9-May-18 Nurses Association 3-Jun-18 Faith Wesleyan Holiness Church Lay-day (sailing week) Nurse Association Retreat Members Members of the Church 21-Jun-18 Grace Apostolic Church Ladies Convention 24-Sep-18 Project Hope Project Hope 2-Oct-18 Grace Apostolic Church Community Outreach 2 3 4 5 15-Oct-18 Salvation Army 15-Oct-18 Salvation Army All Saints 14 17-Nov-18 New Winthorpes SDA
 Church members Church Members Youth Group 15 28-Nov-18 Gender Affairs - SARC Open Day Open Day attendants Schools 5-Feb-18 Bendals Primary School School Population 7-Feb-18 Antigua State College 8-Feb-18 Circle K Club (Kiwanis) 15-Feb-18 Antigua State College Business Department Antigua State College club members A-Level Department 16-Feb-18 Nursing School Nursing Students 9-Apr-18 American University of Antigua AUA Facebook audience 15-Apr-18 American University of Antigua AUA Facebook audience 23-Apr-18 American University of Antigua AUA Facebook audience 24-Apr-18 American University of Antigua AUA students and faculty 10 29-May-18 Island Academy School Island Academy students 25-Sep-18 All Saints Secondary School Fifth Form Students 11 12 13 25-Sep-18 Baptist Academy 25-Sep-18 St. Anthony’s Secondary 25-Sep-18 Antigua Girls High School 14 Training & Presentation 1 20-Feb-18 Training Division Fifth Form Students Fifth Form Students Fifth Form Students Government Workers 2 1-Mar-18 Employer’s Federation Employers 70 86 100+ 100+ 100 54 54 69 17 30 30 25 50 120 150 15 100 52 18 11 107 12 56 112 18 7 19 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 No Date 15-Jun-18 Venue Office of National Drug and Money laundering Policy Target Audience Law Enforcement 8-Aug-18 Department of Immigration Immigration Officers 16-Aug-18 Mount St. Johns Medical Centre EMT - doctors and nurses 22-Aug-18 Mount St. Johns Medical Centre Medical Doctors 27-Aug-18 Police Training School Police Recruits 31-Aug-18 Mount St. Johns Medical Centre Medical Doctors 24-Oct-18 Dock Yard Police Station Police Officers LIAT head of Department 10 15-Nov-18 LIAT conference - Room Media 1 ZDK audience 18-Sep-18 ZDK Radio - Nat Moses Show 24-Sep-18 ABS television - Labour Matters 26-Sep-18 Crusader Radio - Eye on the Issue 26-Sep-18 ZDK Radio - Nat Moses Show 26-Sep-18 Observer Radio - Observer Am 22-Oct-18 ZDK Radio - The Shawn Bird Show 30-Nov-18
 ABS Television - 16 days of activism ABS audience ZDK audience ABS tv & Facebook audience Crusader audience Observer Audience Shawn Bird radio audience Audience 12 21 15 16 50 5 25 14 20 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 2018 Presentations & Trainings in Pictures Royal Police Force of Antigua & Barbuda Recruits Training Street Fair 2018 – Hon.
Daryl Matthew Grace Apostolic Church, Regional Women Convention 2018 Antigua & Barbuda Sailing Week 2018 - Layday Family & Social Services Division Street Fair 2018 Antigua & Barbuda Sailing Week 2018 - Layday 21 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 All Saints Secondary School Antigua & Barbuda State College Bendals Primary School Antigua & Barbuda School of Nursing Antigua Girls High School Bendals Primary School 22 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Annual Report Launch 2018 St. Anthony’s Secondary School Presentation Week of Activities 2018 Leeward Island Air Transport (LIAT) Human Trafficking Training Annual Awareness Walk 2018 Leeward Island Air Transport (LIAT) Heads of Department Training Annual Awareness Walk 2018 23 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Conclusion Based on the accelerated growth in Antigua and Barbuda’s economic activities and its constant population growth, it would suggest that Antigua and Barbuda is the place to be.
While globalization presents several advantages, it also presents significant risks.

As economies grow and the world become smaller and smaller, transnational crimes such as Human Trafficking - the new face to slavery, will continue its growth on the global stage.

Its rapid growth is fueled be an expanding demand for cheap labour to provide low cost goods and service.
Additionally, as countries suffer conflicts and residents are displaced, their desperation makes them vulnerable, and they become easy targets for traffickers.

Sadly, as law enforcement become more effective at restricting the exploitation of the vulnerable, whether for domestic servitude, sexual exploitation and organ harvesting, the cost will become increasingly higher and the lure more pronounced.
In an attempt to counter this heinous crime, the activities of the Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee has increased tremendously throughout 2018.

This reporting period represents a consistent flow of awareness activities in keeping with the goals of the TIPP Committee to be more vibrant in executing its duties.

Several media outlets have been used to support the sensitization efforts to the public and the activities were varied to target a wide cross- section of the community.
As the government of Antigua and Barbuda continues to educate and champion the prevention of human trafficking, we beseech you to get involved.

Become engaged in practices to prevent and eradicate human trafficking and render the support and cooperation needed by the government of Antigua and Barbuda, through its Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Committee.
24 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Joseph Conrad posited, “A belief in a supernatural source of evil is not necessary; men alone are quite capable of every wickedness”.

The concept of Economic Self-Interest suggests that there is a close coalition between wealth and moral sentiments and that motives creates individual behavior.
Likewise, moral philosophy dictates the actions of the "impartial spectator" who because of their individual viewpoint or social grouping assumes the view that offences such as human trafficking does not or could not affect them.

However, as the “prudent man” knows, with globalization and its technological advantages, anything is possible.

A spoken word; a trickle of kindness; a watchful eye or a caring heart can help curb this heinous crime and save an unsuspecting victim.
Persons engaging in human trafficking are predators, who has lost their personality and morality, in their quest to attain social and economic status.

Anyone can be a victim of human trafficking.

Help protect Antigua and Barbuda.

If you see something, say something!

25 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Contacts Ministry of Legal Affairs, Public Safety & Labour 4Th Floor State Insurance Bldg.

Cnr Long & Thames Streets St. John’s Antigua, W.I.


Tel: (268) 461-2807/562-5416/562-7089/736-9229 Fax: (268) 562-5415/Overseas E-mail: mpsl@ab.gov.ag humantrafficking@ab.gov.ag Facebook: TIPPC Antigua Family and Social Services Division Upper Corn Alley St. John’s Tel: (268) 562-5495/562-5668/hotline 464-7421 Email: socialservices@ab.gov.ag Directorate of Gender Affairs Ministry of Social Transformation & Human Resource Development Nevis Street & Friendly Alley St. John’s Antigua, W.I.
Tel: (268) 463-5555/462-3990 Fax: (268) 462-9664/Overseas 462-3990/Local Email: gender@antigua.gov.ag Crime Stoppers 800-TIPS (8477) If you see something, say something!
26 | P a g e Antigua & Barbuda Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Annual Report 2018 Legislation Applicable to TIP Cases The Prevention of Corruption Act, 2004 http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/a2004-21.pdf Child Justice Act, 2015 & Child Justice (Amendment) Act, 2018 http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/a2015-23.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/No.-4-of-2018-Child-Justice-Amendment- Act-2018-1.pdf The Antigua & Barbuda Constitution Order 1981 http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cap-23.pdf The Trafficking in Persons (Prevention) Act, 2010, (Amendment) Act, 2015 & (Amendment) Act, 2018 https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=86199&p_country=ATG&p_count=221 http://laws.gov.ag/acts/2015/a2015-13.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Trafficking-in-Persons-Prevention- Amendment-Act-2018.pdf Evidence Act, the Evidence (Special Provisions) Act, 2009 & the Evidence (Proceedings in other Jurisdictions) Act http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cap-155.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/a2016-9.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cap-156.pdf Proceeds of Crime Act, 1993 & (Amendment) Act, 2014 http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/a1993-13.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Proceeds-of-Crime-Amendment-Act- 2014.pdf Sexual Offences Act, 1995 https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=42538&p_country=ATG&p_c ount=212&p_classification=01&p_classcount=44 Domestic Violence (Summary Proceedings Act 1999) & Domestic Violence Act 2015 http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/a1999-3.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/a2015-27.pdf Offences Against The Person Act & (Amendment) Act, 2013 http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/cap-300.pdf http://laws.gov.ag/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/a2013-13.pdf 27 | P a g e