Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698938671436.pdf (South Africa)
Poverty in Perspective Statistics South Africa Contextualizing Poverty and Inequality in the KZN, with further emphasis on the generational and endemic nature of poverty as it affects women and the girl child in the Limpopo South Africa’s population, mid-2020 is 59,62 million 2 More than half of the population live in 3 provinces (GP,KZN and WC) KZN has over 11 million inhabitants and close to 20% of SA’s population Mid-year population estimates for South Africa by province, 2020 15,49 M GP 11,53 M KZN 7,01 M 6,73 M 5,85 M WC EC LP 4,68 M 4,11 M 2,93 M MP NW FS NC 1,29 M 25,8% 26,0% 19,3% 11,8% 11,3% 9,8% 7,8% 6,9% 4,9% 2,2% 57,1 % 3 The Districts highlighted represent around 25% of the population of KZN Mid Year Population Estimates District Projections based on 2020 Series Approximately 52,2% of the population in the KZN is female.
KZN population, mid- 2020 by sex 47,8% 52,2% Source: Mid-year population estimates for South Africa by province, 2020 5 All three districts have higher proportions of females KZN - eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality KZN - uMgungundlovu District Municipality (DC22) KZN - King Cetshwayo District Municipality (DC28) KZN - Zululand District Municipality (DC26) KZN - Ugu District Municipality (DC21) KZN - uThukela District Municipality (DC23) KZN - uMkhanyakude District Municipality (DC27) KZN - iLembe District Municipality (DC29) KZN - uMzinyathi District Municipality (DC24) KZN - Amajuba District Municipality (DC25) KZN - Harry Gwala District Municipality (DC43) 49,74% 47,40% 46,46% 46,33% 47,37% 47,06% 44,99% 47,46% 44,74% 47,94% 45,96% 50,26% 52,60% 53,54% 53,67% 52,63% 52,94% 55,01% 52,54% 55,26% 52,06% 54,04% Mid Year Population Estimates District Projections based on 2020Series 6 KZN has close to 35% of children under 15 whilst Gauteng has the highest proportion of Youth and Adults (15-59) Population by age category and province, 2020 Elderly (60+) within each province Children under 15 within each province Youth and Adult LP EC MP KZN NC NW FS SA WC GP Nationally, one-third of children lived with both parents whilst 42 per cent lived with mothers only.
IN KZN 49,1% of Children lived with their Mothers only Children in affluent provinces were most likely to live with both parents.
WC GP NC MP RSA NW FS LP KZN EC Lived with neither Lived with mother Lived with both Lived with father Percentage of children living arrangements, 2019 Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018 8 41,8% of Female headed households in KZN do not have an employed household member Households without and employed household member by sex of household head, 2018 LP EC NW NC MP FS KZN RSA GP WC 26,5% 27,8% 24,1% 20,8% 23,3% 20,7% 19,5% 32,9% 48,9% 52,5% 46,2% 44,0% 42,3% 41,9% 41,8% 39,2% 12,9% 28,8% 14,0% 21,7% Female Male Source: Marginal Groups Indicator Report 2018 9 Around 52% of KZN Population is considered poor based on the Lower Bound Poverty Line.
(Money metric Poverty) Source: Poverty Trend Report Upper-Bound Poverty Line R1268 Lower-Bound Poverty Line R840 Food Poverty Line R585 * Based on April 2020 prices Threshold of relative deprivation below which people cannot afford the minimum desired lifestyle by most South Africans Austere threshold below which one has to choose between food and important non-food items Threshold of absolute deprivation.
The amount of money required to purchase the minimum required daily energy intake Source: National Poverty Lines 11 KZN Money-metric Poverty headcounts in 2015 National Figure Non Poor - 31,9% Poor - 68,1% Non Poor - 47,6% Poor - 52,4% Poor - 34,3% Non Poor - 65,7% Upper-Bound Poverty Line Provides an unambiguous threshold of relative deprivation below which people cannot afford the minimum lifestyle desired by most South Africans Lower-Bound Poverty Line Provides an austere threshold below which one has to choose between food and important non-food items 12 Food Poverty Line Is the Rand value below which individuals are unable to purchase or consume enough food to supply them with minimum per-capita-per-day energy requirement for good health Source: Living Conditions Survey The South African Multidimensional Poverty indicators provide a more holistic view of poverty 13 The four dimensions of the SAMPI Health Education Deprivation cut-offs Living standards Economic activity 14 Child mortality (death of child under 5) Years of schooling (completed 5 years of schooling) School attendance (school-aged child out of school) Lighting (no electricity) Heating (no electricity) Cooking (no electricity) Water (no piped water) Sanitation (no flush toilet) Dwelling (informal/traditional/caravan/tent) Assets (no radio/TV/phone/car) Unemployment (adults unemployed) KZN had higher levels of multidimensional poverty than the SA average over the three periods Multidimensional Poverty by Geographic Various levels 2001-2016 SAMPI % 3 2 2 , % 9 7 1 , A S R % 9 0 1 , % 0 8 , RSA KwaZulu Natal % 7 7 , % 0 7 , 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 SourceThe South African MPI 15 Of the three districts in 2016 Ugu DM topped the list of districts in relation to multidimensional poverty in KZN Multidimensional Poverty by District in KZN 2016 Ugu 11,88% T C I R T S I D King Cetshwayo 7,72% uMgungundlovu 5,89% 16 Multidimensional Poverty Drivers 5 Years 52 33 40 10 Years CS 2016 SourceThe South
 African MPI 17 Grants remain A significant source of income for SA households, particularly in rural areas, 35% of household income is sourced from remittances and grants in KZN Percentage distribution of sources of household income by province, 2019 Salaries 39% Remittances 13% Grants 38% Pensions Other Sources 6% 4,4 52% 55% 70% 12% 23% 11% 2,7 11% 20% 11% 3 3% 70 10% 80 11% 5,7 90 Source: GHS 2019 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 18 EC LP FS NW MP KZN NC RSA GP WC Service Delivery 19 In 2019 KZN surpassed the national average in households connected to mains electricity with 86,7% 20 KZN is just under the SA average with 80.9% in having access to improved sanitation.
Percentage of households that have access to improved sanitation per province, 2002–2018 21 Access to a flush or chemical toilets in Ugu District stood at 32,5% in 2016.

Water 88% 84,3% Ugu King Cetshwayo Umgungundlovu 91,5% Electricity Sanitation 84,4% 93,3% 92,8% 32,5% 57,2% 58,8% main source of water for drinking delivered via a piped connection connected to the mains electricity supply access to a flush or chemical toilet Source: Community Survey 2016.
22 Vulnerable Groups are defined as a part of the South African population that experience a higher risk of poverty and social exclusion than the general population.
Women are amongst these groups 23 KZN has the third highest proportion of agricultural households at 18,6% within the province Eastern Cape Limpopo KwaZulu-Natal Mpumalanga Free State South Africa Northern Cape North West Gauteng 4,9% Western Cape 3,6% 27,9% 24,1% 18,6% 18,2% 16,6% 13,8% 13,8% 13,4% Provincial profile: Community Survey 2016], Report number 03-01-15 24 Of the 3 districts King Cetshwayo had the highest rate of Female- headed households that are likely to run out of money to buy food at 34,4% H H M N Z K H H F N Z K 27,5% 34,4% Female-headed household Male-headed household Percentage of households that ran out of money to buy food in the past 12 months by sex of household head, CS 2016 DC28: King Cetshwayo DC22: Umgungundlovu DC21: Ugu KwaZulu-Natal Source: CS 2016 21,6% 18,3% 20,6% 25 32,4% 29,5% 26,1% At 15,6% KZN has the second highest percentage of female headed households that reported suffering from hunger Households that reported hunger Male Female % 3 1 1 , % 1 0 1 , % 6 1 1 , % 6 1 1 , % 3 8 , % 6 9 , % 2 6 , % 1 8 , % 2 5 , % 6 4 , % 8 3 , 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% % 4 4 1 , % 8 4 1 , % 3 4 1 , % 3 5 1 , % 6 4 1 , % 6 5 1 , % 8 0 1 , % 4 7 1 , % 5 9 , LP GP EC FS RSA MP NC NW KZN WC Source: Marginal Groups Indicator Report 2018 26 Gender pay gap examined, findings from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey 27 In 2018 women’s median monthly earnings were 76% of men's median monthly earnings 28 In KZN Females earned 71,4% of men’s median monthly earnings in 2018 Median Female Earnings as a % of Median Male Earnings 2018, QLFS Western Cape Female Eastern Cape Gauteng Mpumalanga North West Free State KwaZulu-Natal Northern Cape Limpopo Earnings at Parity Female Median Earnings Less Female Median Earnings more 86,9% 85,7% 81,6% 75,0% 75,0% 74,3% 71,4% 71,4% 66,2% 29 Male Source: QLFS 2018 Experience of violence Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018 One in five (21%) partnered women has experienced physical violence by a partner (Ever Experienced) Experience of violence
 by any partner, women 18+ years Physical violence 8% 21% Sexual violence 2% 6% Ever Experienced In the past 12 months Source: SADHS 2016 Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018 31 Ever- experience of partner violence is lowest KZN for physical violence and of sexual violence ever experienced Experience of physical violence by any partner, women 18+ years by province Eastern Cape 6,7% North West Mpumalanga Free State 11,8% 7,0% 7,5% Western Cape 4,0% Northern Cape 4,5% Gauteng 8,0% Limpopo 5,1% KwaZulu-Natal 3,1% 31,6% 29,4% 26,4% 21,4% 21,2% 18,7% 17,7% Ever experienced sexual violence Ever experienced physical violence Source: Stats SA: Mid-year population estimates 2018 14,4% 13,7% 32 Thank You