Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698939129520.pdf (New Zealand)
Reprint as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Public Act Date of assent Commencement 1978 No 80 20 October 1978 20 October 1978 Contents 1 2 3 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 3G 3H Title Short Title and application Interpretation Act to bind the Crown Department of Conservation to administer marine mammals and sanctuaries General policy Conservation management strategies Conservation management plans Population management plans Determining maximum allowable level of fishing-related mortality Determining area-based maximum levels of fishing-related mortality Procedure for preparation and approval of population management plans Page 2 2 3 6 7 7 8 8 9 11 11 12 Note Changes authorised by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 have been made in this reprint.
A general outline of these changes is set out in the notes at the end of this reprint, together with other explanatory material about this reprint.

This Act is administered by the Department of Conservation.
1 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 26 27 28 29 30 Restrictions on holding or taking marine mammals Application for permit Grant of permit Conditions of permit Register of marine mammal permits Offence to take marine mammal without permit Director-General to be notified of actions taken in respect of marine mammals Marine Mammals Officers Officers to be provided with subsistence and accommodation Powers of search Officer may obtain search warrant Officers, etc, protected from proceedings Reporting of accidental death or injury Purse seining Treatment or disposal of sick or dead marine mammals Destruction of diseased captive marine mammals No derogation from certain enactments Advisory, research, and technical committees Marine mammal sanctuaries Offences and penalties Onus of proof in respect of certain offences Proceedings in respect of offences Defences in respect of certain offences Liability for causing officer to incur expense Regulations Costs of administering Act, receipts Amendments, repeals, and revocations Schedule Enactments amended 14 16 17 18 18 19 20 20 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 31 32 33 33 35 An Act to make provision for the protection, conservation, and management of marine mammals within New Zealand and within New Zealand fisheries waters Short Title and application This Act may be cited as the Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978.
1 (1) 2 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 2 (2) Nothing in this Act shall apply before 1 January 1979 with respect to any permit, licence, or permission issued or given pursuant to section 45 of the Fisheries Act 1908 or any other Act.
The provisions of this Act shall apply in respect of— (a) (3) any matter or thing done, to be done, or omitted to be done within New Zealand or New Zealand fisheries waters: any act or omission occurring on any New Zealand ship or aircraft, wherever that ship or aircraft may be: subject to section 26(2), any act or omission by any person who is a New Zealand citizen, wherever that person may be.
(b) (c) 2 (1) Interpretation In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— aircraft has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Civil Aviation Act 1990 approved means approved by the Minister aquatic life means any species of plant or animal life which, at any time in the life history of the species, must inhabit water; and includes seabirds (whether or not in an aquatic environ- ment) Board means a Conservation Board established under section 6L of the Conservation Act 1987 Conservation Authority means the New Zealand Conserva- tion Authority established under section 6A of the Conserva- tion Act 1987 conservation management plan means a conservation man- agement plan approved under section 3D conservation management strategy means a conservation management strategy approved under section 17F of the Con- servation Act 1987 Crown-owned land means unoccupied land vested in Her Majesty and administered by a Minister of the Crown for the time being charged with the administration of the department of State that has control of the land 3 s 2 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Director-General means the Director-General of Conserva- tion fishing— (a) means the catching, taking, or harvesting of fish, aquatic (b) life, or seaweed; and includes— (i) any activity that may reasonably be expected to result in the catching, taking, or harvesting of fish, aquatic life, or seaweed; and any operation in support of or in preparation for any activities described in this definition (ii) fishing-related mortality means the accidental death or inci- dental death of any marine mammal in the course of fishing hovercraft means a machine designed to be supported in the atmosphere, wholly or partly by air expelled from the machine to form a cushion extending beneath the machine to the surface of any ground, water, or other portion of the earth’s surface human-induced mortality means the death of any marine mammal that can be attributed directly or indirectly to any human activity international
 agreement means any bilateral or multilateral treaty, convention, or agreement, to which New Zealand is a party, and any understanding concluded by the Government of New Zealand and the Government of any other country marine mammal includes— (a) any mammal which is morphologically adapted to, or which primarily inhabits, any marine environment; and all species of seal (Pinnipedia), whale, dolphin, and porpoise (Cetacea), and dugong and manatee (Sirenia); and the progeny of any marine mammal; and (c) (d) any part of any marine mammal Minister means the Minister of Conservation New Zealand fisheries waters has the same meaning as in section 2(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 New Zealand ship has the same meaning as in section 2(1) of the Maritime Transport Act 1994 (b) 4 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 2 officer means a Marine Mammals Officer declared or ap- pointed as such under section 11 permit means a permit issued under this Act place includes any building (not being a dwellinghouse), any land, and any waters population management plan means a plan approved under section 3E take includes— (a) to take, catch, kill, injure, attract, poison, tranquillise, herd, harass, disturb, or possess: to brand, tag, mark, or do any similar thing: to flense, render down, or separate any part from a car- cass: to attempt to do any act specified in paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) or paragraph (c) (b) (c) (d) in the the same meaning as threatened species means any marine mammal that is for the time being declared by notice under subsection (3) to be a threatened species vessel means any ship, boat, steamer, lighter, launch, raft, barge, punt, or ferry boat; and includes every description of vessel, whether used in navigation or in any way kept or used as a hulk or storeship or for any other purpose warranted officer has Conservation Act 1987.
For the purposes of this Act, a marine mammal shall be in the possession of any person when that person has, alone or jointly with any other person, possession of or control over the marine mammal, or possession of or control over any vessel, vehicle, aircraft, hovercraft, container, package, receptacle, or place in or on which the marine mammal is kept.
The Minister, after having regard to any relevant international standards and any relevant standards within New Zealand, may from time to time, by notice in the Gazette, declare any species of marine mammal to be a threatened species for the purposes of this Act.

Section 2(1) aircraft: substituted, on 1 February 1995, by section 203 of the Maritime Transport Act 1994 (1994 No 104).
(2) (3) 5 s 3 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Section 2(1) aquatic life: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 2(1) Board: Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 106 of the Section 2(1) Conservation Authority: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 106 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).
Section 2(1) conservation management plan: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 106 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

Section 2(1) conservation management strategy: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 106 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

Section 2(1) Director-General: substituted, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 2(1) fishing: Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Section 2(1) fishing-related mortality: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 2(1) hovercraft: substituted, on 1 February 1995, by section 203 of the Maritime Transport Act 1994 (1994 No 104).

Section 2(1) human-induced mortality: section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
inserted, on 1 October 1996, by Section 2(1) Inspector of Sea Fishing: repealed, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 2(1) Minister: amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 2(1) New Zealand fisheries waters: amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
Section 2(1) New Zealand ship: substituted, on 1 February 1995, by section 203 of the Maritime Transport Act 1994 (1994 No 104).

Section 2(1) population management plan: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 2(1) Registrar: repealed, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 2(1) threatened species: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
Section 2(1) warranted officer: added, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 2(3): added, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Act to bind the Crown This Act shall bind the Crown.
3 6 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 3B 3A Department of Conservation to administer marine mammals and sanctuaries The Department of Conservation shall administer and manage marine mammals and marine mammal sanctuaries in accord- ance with— (a) any statements of general policy approved under section 3B; and any conservation management strategy and any conser- vation management plan for the time being in force for the area concerned.
(b) Section 3A: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 107 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

3B General policy (1) The Minister may approve statements of general policy for the implementation of this Act in any area or areas; and may from time to time amend any such statement in the light of changing circumstances or increased knowledge.

(2) Nothing in any such general policy shall derogate from any (3) provision in this Act or any other Act.
For the purposes of this section, sections 17B (except subsec- tions (1) and (2)) and 17N of the Conservation Act 1987 shall, with any necessary modifications, apply with respect to such general policies, subject to the following provisions: (a) in addition to the consultation required by section 17B(3)(a) of that Act, the Director-General shall also consult the responsible chief executive, the Secretary for Transport, and the Secretary for the Environment before preparing any such policy: as soon as practicable after a draft policy is prepared under section 17B(3) of that Act, the Director-General shall send a copy of it to each of the persons referred to in paragraph (a) of this subsection: before sending a draft policy to the Conservation Au- thority, the Director-General shall consider any com- ments made by the persons referred to in paragraph (a).
Section 3B: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 107 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

(b) (c) Section 3B(3)(a): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).
7 s 3C Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 3C Conservation management strategies (1) Every conservation management strategy shall establish ob- jectives for the integrated management of marine mammals under this Act.
For the purposes of this section, the following provisions shall apply in addition to those in section 17F of the Conservation Act 1987: (a) (2) in addition to the consultation required by section 17F(a) of that Act, the Director-General shall con- sult the responsible chief executive, the Secretary for Transport, and all regional councils within the meaning of the Local Government Act 2002 that are affected: in addition to the notification required by section 17F(a) of that Act, the Director-General shall also send a copy of the draft strategy to the responsible chief executive and the Secretary for Transport: before sending the strategy to the Boards affected, the Director-General shall consider any comments made by the responsible chief executive, the Secretary for Trans- port, and all such regional councils that are affected.
(b) (c) Section 3C: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 107 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

Section 3C(2)(a): amended, on 1 July 2003, by section 262 of the Local Government Act 2002 (2002 No 84).

Section 3C(2)(a): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).
Section 3C(2)(b): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).

Section 3C(2)(c): amended, on 1 July 2003, by section 262 of the Local Government Act 2002 (2002 No 84).

Section 3C(2)(c): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).
3D Conservation management plans (1) The purpose of a conservation management plan under this section is to establish objectives for the management of a mar- ine mammal sanctuary or sanctuaries.
For the purposes of this section, sections 17E (except subsec- tions (1), (4), (6), and (7)), 17G, 17H, 17I, and 17N of the Con- servation Act 1987 shall, with any necessary modifications, (2) 8 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 3E (b) apply with respect to conservation management plans under this section, subject to the following provisions: (a) in addition to the consultation required by section 17F(a) of that Act (as applied by section 17G(1) of that Act), the Director-General shall also consult the responsible chief executive, the Secretary for Trans- port, and all regional councils within the meaning of the Local Government Act 2002 that are affected: in addition to the notification required by section 17F(a) of that Act (as so applied), the Director-General shall also send a copy of the draft plan to the responsible chief executive, the Secretary for Transport, and all such affected regional councils: before sending the plans to the Boards affected, the Dir- ector-General shall consider any comments made by the responsible chief executive, the Secretary for Transport, and all such regional councils that are affected.
Section 3D: inserted, on 10 April 1990, by section 107 of the Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31).

(c) Section 3D(2): amended, on 25 November 1994, by section 2 of the Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1994 (1994 No 111).

Section 3D(2)(a): amended, on 1 July 2003, by section 262 of the Local Government Act 2002 (2002 No 84).

Section 3D(2)(a): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).
Section 3D(2)(b): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).

Section 3D(2)(c): amended, on 1 July 2003, by section 262 of the Local Government Act 2002 (2002 No 84).

Section 3D(2)(c): amended, on 1 July 1995, pursuant to section 6(1)(a) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31).
3E (1) Population management plans The Minister may from time to time approve a population management plan in respect of 1 or more species, being threat- ened species or other species of marine mammal, containing all or any of the following matters in respect of each species: an assessment of the biology and status of the species: (a) an assessment of any known fisheries interaction with (b) the species: 9 s 3E Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) an assessment of the degree of risk caused by fishing- related mortality and other human-induced sources of mortality to the species, whether within New Zealand fisheries waters or elsewhere within the range of the species: an estimate of the range of human-induced mortality for the species which would allow the criteria specified in section 3F to be met: an estimate of the range of fishing-related mortality for the species which would allow the criteria specified in section 3F to be met: the maximum allowable level of fishing-related mor- tality for the species, in New Zealand fisheries waters, which would allow the criteria specified in section 3F to be met: subject to section 3G, if a level has been set under para- graph (f), the maximum allowable level of fishing-re- lated mortality for the species, in specified areas within New Zealand fisheries waters: recommendations to the Minister of Fisheries on meas- ures to mitigate the fishing-related mortality of the species: recommendations to the Minister of Fisheries on the standard of information to be collected on fishing-re- lated mortality.
In the case of any marine mammals ranging outside New Zealand fisheries waters, the maximum allowable level of fishing-related mortality set under paragraph (f) or paragraph (g) of subsection (1) shall be based on a fair and equitable con- sideration of the proportion that the estimated fishing-related mortality of marine mammals within those waters bears to the total estimated mortality of marine mammals in all waters (including waters outside New Zealand fisheries waters).
Section 3E: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
(2) 10 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 3G 3F Determining maximum allowable level of fishing-related mortality In determining the maximum allowable level of fishing-related mortality for threatened species or any other marine mammals under section 3E(1)(f), the Minister,— (a) in the case of any threatened species, shall determine a level of fishing-related mortality which should allow the species to achieve non-threatened status as soon as reasonably practicable, and in any event within a period not exceeding 20 years: in the case of any other marine mammal, shall deter- mine a level of fishing-related mortality which should neither cause a net reduction in the size of the popula- tion nor seriously threaten the reproductive capacity of the species.
(b) Section 3F: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

3G Determining area-based maximum levels of fishing-related mortality (1) Area-based limits set under section 3E(1)(g) shall be set only— (a) (b) for populations of threatened species that are geograph- ically or genetically discrete; and for areas corresponding to areas having effect under the Fisheries Act 1996 as fisheries management areas or quota management areas.
(2) In setting any area-based limit for a threatened species under section 3E(1)(g), the Minister shall determine a level of fish- ing-related mortality for a discrete population referred to in subsection (1) which should neither cause a net reduction in the size of the population nor seriously threaten the reproduc- tive capacity of that population.

Section 3G: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
11 s 3H Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 3H Procedure for preparation and approval of population management plans Population management plans shall be prepared and approved as follows: (a) the Director-General shall prepare every population management plan in consultation with every Conserva- tion Board and with such persons as the Director-Gen- eral considers are representative of those classes of persons interested in the plan, including such persons or organisations as the Director-General considers are representative of Maori, environmental interests, commercial interests, and recreational interests: the Director-General shall then publish notice of the draft plan at least once in each of the daily newspapers published in Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, and Dunedin, respectively: every notice under paragraph (b) shall— (i) state that the draft plan is available for inspection at the places and times specified in the notice; and call upon persons or organisations interested to lodge with the Director-General submissions on the draft before the date specified for the purpose in the notice, being a date not less than 40 work- ing days after the date of the publication of the notice; and require any person who wishes to be heard in support of the person’s submission to so advise the Director-General: (ii) (iii) any person or organisation may make written submis- sions to the Director-General on any draft plan, at the place and before the date specified for the purpose in the notice: from the time of publication of a draft plan until public opinion on it has been made known to the Director- General, he or she shall make the draft available for public inspection during normal office hours, in such places and quantities as are likely to encourage public participation in the development of the proposal: (b) (c) (d) (e) (1) 12 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 3H (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) the Director-General shall give every person
 or organ- isation who or which, in making submissions on the draft, asked to be heard in support of his or her or its comments a reasonable opportunity of appearing before the Director-General or the Director-General’s repre- sentative or representatives: the Director-General, or his or her representative or rep- resentatives, may hear submissions from any other per- son or organisation consulted on the draft: the Director-General shall prepare a summary of the submissions received on the draft and public opinion made known on the draft: after considering such submissions and public opinion, the Director-General may revise the draft: the Director-General shall send to the Minister of Fish- eries and to the New Zealand Conservation Authority a copy of the summary prepared under paragraph (h) to- gether with a copy of the draft plan: the New Zealand Conservation Authority shall consider the summary of submissions and the draft plan and send to the Minister and the Director-General any comments on the draft: the Director-General, after having regard to any com- ments received under paragraph (k),— (i) (ii) may amend the draft: shall send to the Minister the summary prepared under paragraph (h) together with a copy of the draft plan: after having regard to— (i) (ii) (iii) the provisions of sections 3E, 3F, and 3G; and all submissions made on the draft plan; and such other matters as the Minister considers rele- vant,— the Minister may approve the plan subject to the con- currence of the Minister of Fisheries and refer it to that Minister for concurrence: the Minister of Fisheries may concur with the draft plan after having regard to the impacts of implementing the maximum allowable level of fishing-related mortality 13 s 4 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 (o) (p) on commercial fishing and such other matters as that Minister considers relevant: the Minister, with the concurrence of the Minister of Fisheries, may approve the plan: the
 approved plan shall be available for public inspec- tion at the head office of the Department of Conserva- tion at such times as may be specified in the notice given in respect of the plan under subsection (2).
(2) The Director-General shall, by notice in the Gazette, specify— the species to which the approved plan relates; and (a) the maximum allowable level of fishing-related mortal- (b) ity specified in the approved plan; and the times at which the approved plan is available for public inspection at the head office of the Department of Conservation.
(c) (3) Any approved plan may be amended, and paragraph (a) and paragraphs (l) to (p) of subsection (1) and subsection (2) shall apply to every such amendment with any necessary modifica- tions.

Section 3H: inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 3H(1)(o): (Remedial Issues) Amendment Act 1998 (1998 No 67).
inserted, on 23 June 1998, by section 36 of the Fisheries 4 Restrictions on holding or taking marine mammals (1) Notwithstanding anything in any other enactment, but subject to this Act, no person shall— (a) (b) hold a marine mammal in captivity; or take any marine mammal, whether alive or dead, in or from its natural habitat or in or from any other place— without first obtaining a permit to do so from the Minister or from any person or persons authorised in that behalf by the Minister.
(1A) The Minister may from time to time, by notice in the Gazette, prescribe criteria and standards in respect of any kind of permit referred to in subsection (1); and the prescribed criteria and standards shall be deemed to form part of permits of that kind and shall be complied with accordingly.
14 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 4 (2) Subject to section 5(3) and to any regulations made under sec- tion 28, no person shall import into New Zealand or export from New Zealand any marine mammal or marine mammal product except pursuant to a permit issued under this Act.

(3) Nothing in subsection (2) shall apply with respect to any whale product the subject of an order made under section 54 or sec- tion 56 of the Customs and Excise Act 1996.
[Repealed] (4) (5) A permit shall not be required— (a) (b) (c) by any person who finds or collects bones, teeth, ivory, or ambergris that have already separated naturally from a marine mammal if that person, as soon as practicable, notifies the Director-General or an officer of the find, and gives details of the time, place, and circumstances under which the find was made: by any person who finds any dead marine mammal or part of one and, if authorised to do so by an officer and acting pursuant to his directions, sends the mam- mal or part to the Department of Conservation or to any approved research establishment, laboratory, or public museum: by any person taking from or bringing into New Zealand any marine mammal product, being an ornament or an item for personal use or adornment made wholly or principally from any part or parts of a marine mammal, if the marine mammal product accompanies that person from or into New Zealand or comprises part of that per- son’s belongings and was in existence in a similar form as at the commencement of this Act.
Section 4 heading: substituted, on 25 November 1994, by section 3 of the Marine Mammals Protection Act Amendment 1994 (1994 No 111).

Section 4(1): substituted, on 25 May 1995, by section 3(1) of the Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1994 (1994 No 111).

Section 4(1A): inserted, on 25 November 1994, by section 3(1) of the Marine Mammals Protection Act Amendment 1994 (1994 No 111).

Section 4(3): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 289(1) of the Customs and Excise Act 1996 (1996 No 27).
Section 4(4): repealed, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

15 s 5 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Section 4(5)(a): amended, on 1 April 1987, pursuant to section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 4(5)(b): amended, on 1 April 1987, pursuant to section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
5 (1) (2) Application for permit Every person who desires to obtain a permit to hold or take any marine mammal or to import or export any marine mammal or marine mammal product shall make application in writing to the Director-General accompanied by the prescribed fee (if any).
Every application shall specify— (a) (b) (c) the full name and address of the applicant, whether or not the applicant is a New Zealand citizen, and details of such qualifications and experience as the applicant considers will assist the Minister in his consideration of the application: in the case of an intended research project, a full de- scription of the project or programme in which the mar- ine mammal to be taken will be used, a complete list of the sponsors or co-operating institutions concerned with the project, and the names and qualifications of any sci- entists involved: where the marine mammal is for display or zoologi- cal purposes, details relating to the facilities where the mammal taken will be held or displayed or, if a certifi- cate has been issued in respect of any zoological garden pursuant to regulations made under section 25 of the Animals Act 1967, details of the certificate: (d) where a marine mammal is to be captured, the number of persons to be involved, the population or area from which it is proposed to take the mammal, and details of the proposed methods of capture and transportation.
(3) No person shall make an application under this section to im- port any marine mammal or marine mammal product unless a permit issued under the Animals Act 1967 in respect of such import has first been obtained.

The Director-General may investigate any application, and may request the applicant to provide such further informa- (4) 16 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 6 (5) tion as the Director-General thinks will assist the Minister.
On completing any such investigation the Director-General shall forward the application and all supporting documents to the Minister, together with a report on the nature and extent of the investigation and any conclusions that the Director-Gen- eral may have drawn as a result.
The Minister shall, before he grants a permit under section 6, publish, by notice in the Gazette, details of the application for that permit and shall, in the same notice, call for submissions in respect of that application to be made to him in writing by any person within 28 days after the date of publication of the notice: provided that nothing in this subsection applies to an applica- tion for a permit to take whalebone from dead whales.
(6) Notwithstanding subsection (5), the Minister shall not, except in the case of an application for a permit to hunt and kill any marine mammal or capture any marine mammal for display purposes, be required to publish the notice referred to in that subsection if he is satisfied that it is expedient for the notice not to be published in any case where the application relates to an emergency situation or to the taking of any marine mammal solely for the purposes of research.
In considering any application for a permit, the Minister shall have regard to— (a) the need to conserve, protect, or manage any marine mammal: any international agreement to which New Zealand is a party: any submissions received pursuant to subsection (5).

(c) Section 5(1): amended, on 25 November 1994, by section 4(1) of the Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1994 (1994 No 111).
(7) (b) Section 5(5) proviso: added, on 25 November 1994, by section 4(2) of the Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1994 (1994 No 111).

6 Grant of permit The Minister, in his discretion, may grant a permit under this Act or refuse to grant a permit, and his decision shall be final.
17 s 7 7 (1) Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Conditions of permit Subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act, the Minister may attach to any permit such conditions as he thinks fit, including conditions relating to— (a) the taking of marine mammals solely for the purpose of research: the taking of marine mammals to be held in zoological gardens or aquaria or other places of a similar nature for observation by the public under such conditions as may also be specified in the permit: the methods by which any species of marine mammals may be managed: the boats, gear, equipment, and methods to be used in taking any marine mammal: the payment of a deposit or fee not exceeding such amount as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Act in respect of any marine mammal: the entering into of a bond in favour of the Crown, either with or without sureties, for such amount as the Minis- ter thinks will give security for the performance by the permit holder of any obligation incurred under this Act or the permit: the records that are to be kept by the permit holder in relation to any marine mammal, and any information which is to be supplied to either the Minister or the Director-General.
(b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (2) Any permit may be revoked and the conditions attached to it amended at any time by the Minister or by any person author- ised by him.

(3) No permit shall be transferred to any other person except with the consent in writing of the Minister.

Register of marine mammal permits For the purposes of this Act, the Director-General shall set up and maintain a register of permits granted by the Minister.
The register shall be open to inspection by the public during ordinary office hours on payment of a fee of $2.

8 (1) (2) 18 (5) 9 (1) Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 9 (3) On payment to him of a fee of $5, the Director-General shall send to any person requesting the same in writing a copy of any specified entry in the register.
(4) Wherever a permit is granted, renewed, amended, or revoked by the Minister under this Act, the Director-General shall make an appropriate entry in the register, showing— (a) (b) in the case of the issue of a permit, the name and address of the holder, the actions authorised by the permit, any conditions which the Minister may attach or any direc- tions he may have given in respect of it, and the date on which the application was granted: in the case of the revocation of a permit, the date and the grounds on which the revocation was made.
The Director-General shall also, in respect of any entry, record such other particulars as may from time to time be prescribed by regulations made under this Act, and such further condi- tions, amendments, or directions as the Minister may from time to time attach, make, or give in respect of any permit.
Offence to take marine mammal without permit Every person commits an offence and is liable to imprison- ment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to a fine not ex- ceeding $250,000, and to a further fine not exceeding $10,000 for every marine mammal in respect of which the offence was committed, who takes, has in possession, exports, imports, has on board any vessel, vehicle, aircraft, or hovercraft, or has con- trol of any marine mammal, otherwise than under this Act or a permit.
(2) Upon the conviction of any person for an offence against sub- section (1), any marine mammal unlawfully taken, in posses- sion, under the control of any person, or on board any vessel, vehicle, aircraft, or hovercraft, and all vessels, vehicles, air- craft, hovercraft, gear, nets, tackle, equipment, and apparatus used in respect of the commission of the offence shall be forfeit to the Crown, and shall be disposed of as the Minister thinks fit.
Section 9(1): substituted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
19 s 10 10 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Director-General to be notified of actions taken in respect of marine mammals (1) Where any person completes any action in relation to a marine mammal, being an action that he is authorised to take under or pursuant to this Act or to a permit, he shall forthwith give to the Director-General full details of the results of that action, including— (a) the number of injuries caused or deaths among any taken marine mammals, together with the date on and the location at which those injuries or deaths occurred, and the species injured or killed: the cause, as far as may be determined, of any such injury or death: the measures taken to avoid further such injuries or deaths: (b) (c) (d) whether any species of marine mammal other than that authorised was taken, the location and date of such a taking, the method by which it was taken, and whether or not it appeared to be unharmed when it was released.
Every person commits an offence against this Act who contra- venes subsection (1).

(2) 11 Marine Mammals Officers (1) Every warranted officer, and every fisheries officer appointed under section 196 of the Fisheries Act 1996, and every con- stable, shall be a Marine Mammals Officer for the purposes of this Act.

For the purposes of this Act, the Director-General may from time to time appoint any person to be a Marine Mammals Of- ficer on such terms and conditions as may be approved.
If any person appointed as an officer is a full-time officer or employee of the State services he shall not be entitled to any additional remuneration in respect of his appointment under this subsec- tion.

Every person appointed under subsection (2) shall be ap- pointed for such term, not exceeding 3 years, as the Dir- ector-General thinks fit, and may be reappointed.
(2) (3) (4) Any person appointed under subsection (2) may at any time be removed from office by the Director-General for incapacity, 20 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 11 neglect of duty, or misconduct, or may at any time resign his office by writing addressed to the Director-General.
(5) Any person appointed under subsection (2) shall, on the expir- ation of the term of his appointment, or on the sooner expiry of his appointment by removal from office or resignation, sur- render to the Director-General his warrant of appointment.

(7) (8) (6) No person appointed under subsection (2) shall, by virtue of that appointment, be deemed to be employed in the service of Her Majesty for the purposes of the State Sector Act 1988 or the Government Superannuation Fund Act 1956.
Every person declared to be an officer under subsection (1) shall have and may exercise, in respect of supervising, administering, and enforcing the provisions of this Act, all the powers that an warranted officer has in relation to super- vising, administering, and enforcing the provisions of the Conservation Act 1987.
Every officer appointed under subsection (2) shall have such duties and may exercise such powers in relation to marine mammals as the Director-General may direct, being powers of no greater extent than those exercised by a warranted offi- cer.

The Director-General shall issue to every officer (except a con- stable) a warrant showing the officer’s authority to exercise any powers conferred on him pursuant to this section.
(10) The production by any officer of any warrant issued under this section or section 59 of the Conservation Act 1987 or section 196 of the Fisheries Act 1996 or of any evidence that the officer is a constable shall, until the contrary is proved, be sufficient authority for any such officer to do anything authorised by subsection (7) or subsection (8).

Section 11(1): amended, on 1 October 2001, pursuant to section 314(1)(v) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
(9) Section 11(1): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 11(6): amended, on 1 April 1988, pursuant to section 90(a) of the State Sector Act 1988 (1988 No 20).

Section 11(7): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

Section 11(8): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
21 s 12 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Section 11(10): amended, on 1 October 2001, pursuant to section 314(1)(v) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 11(10): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
12 Officers to be provided with subsistence and accommodation (2) (1) Any officer authorised in that behalf by the Director-General may go on board any vessel, aircraft, or hovercraft used for taking any marine mammal and shall, during such period as may be specified in his authority, be entitled to remain on board, to be provided with subsistence and, where appropriate, accommodation, and to be present at all operations relating to the taking of marine mammals.
The master or person in command of any vessel or aircraft or hovercraft shall be paid such amount as may be approved for supplying any subsistence or accommodation to an officer under subsection (1).

Every person commits an offence against this Act who refuses to supply subsistence or accommodation to any officer under this section, or to allow him to be present at all operations relating to the taking of marine mammals.
(3) 13 (1) Powers of search Subject to this Act and notwithstanding anything to the con- trary in the Conservation Act 1987, every officer who has rea- son to believe or suspect that a breach of this Act or of any regulation made under it has been or is being committed, may enter, inspect, and examine any vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or hovercraft.
(2) An officer shall, before entering on any vehicle, vessel, air- craft, or hovercraft, produce his warrant of appointment or other evidence that he is an officer if asked to do so by the person in actual charge of the vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or hov- ercraft.

(3) An officer shall not enter, inspect, or examine any aircraft or hovercraft unless he is accompanied by the pilot in command, or the owner, or a representative or agent of the owner, of the aircraft or hovercraft.
22 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 14 (4) An officer shall not enter any dwellinghouse except pursuant (5) (6) to a warrant issued under section 14.
Every officer may, in the course of any search under this sec- tion or section 14, open (by force if necessary) any container, package, or receptacle, and seize and take away any marine mammal supposedly illegally taken together with any such container, package, or receptacle, or seize and take away any thing which he has reason to believe will be evidence of a breach of the provisions of this Act or of any regulation made under it.
Every person in or about any dwellinghouse, place, vehicle, or vessel inspected under the provisions of this Act, and the pilot in command and the owner and every agent or representative of the owner of any aircraft or hovercraft so inspected, shall— facilitate the entry, inspection, and examination by an (a) officer: facilitate the removal of any container, package, recep- tacle, or thing.

(b) Section 13(1): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
Section 13(4): amended, on 13 December 1979, by section 2 of the Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1979 (1979 No 98).
Officer may obtain search warrant 14 (1) Where any Justice of the Peace or Community Magistrate or District Court Judge is satisfied on oath that there is probable cause to suspect— (a) that any breach of this Act or of any regulations made under it has been or is being committed; or that preparation has been made to commit such a breach,— (b) the Justice or Community Magistrate or District Court Judge may, by warrant under his hand, authorise an officer named in the warrant together with such assistants as may be necessary to enter and search the dwellinghouse, place, vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or hovercraft that is mentioned in the warrant, by force if necessary, at the time or times that are so mentioned.
Every warrant shall continue in force until the purpose for which it was issued has been satisfied.

23 s 15 (2) 15 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 It is the duty of every one executing a warrant under this sec- tion to have it with him and to produce it if required to do so.

Section 14(1): amended, on 30 June 1998, by section 7 of the District Courts Amendment Act 1998 (1998 No 76).
Section 14(1): amended, on 1 April 1980, pursuant to section 18(2) of the District Courts Amendment Act 1979 (1979 No 125).
Officers, etc, protected from proceedings No action or proceedings shall be brought against the Crown, or any officer, or any person acting under the instructions of an officer, in respect of any thing done or undertaken for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act or any regu- lations made under it where the Crown or those persons have acted in good faith and with reasonable care.
(b) Reporting of accidental death or injury 16 (1) Where any person, in the course of fishing pursuant to any li- cence, permit, or permission granted or given under the Fish- eries Act 1983, accidentally or incidentally kills or injures a marine mammal he shall— (a) if fishing from a vessel, record the event in the vessel’s log and report the event in writing to an officer or a fishery officer (as defined in section 2(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996) not later than 48 hours after the arrival of the vessel in port; and in any other case, report the event in writing to an officer or a fishery officer (as defined in section 2(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996) as soon as practicable.
(2) Any person (not being a person to whom subsection (1) ap- plies) who, by any means whatsoever, accidentally or inciden- tally kills or injures any marine mammal shall report the event to an officer or a fishery officer (as defined in section 2(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996) as soon as practicable.
Every report under subsection (1) or subsection (2) shall in- clude— (a) (b) the location of the area where the event took place; and the species (if known) of the marine mammal killed or injured, or a general description of the mammal; and (3) 24 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 17 (3A) (4) (c) a description of conditions and the circumstances of the event.
In addition to providing the particulars required by subsection (1) or subsection (2), a person required to report an event to which that subsection applies shall provide to the Director- General such other particulars relating to the event as the Dir- ector-General may require for the purposes of this Act.

Every person commits an offence against this Act who contra- venes subsection (1) or subsection (2).

Section 16(1): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
Section 16(1): amended, on 1 October 1983, by section 108(1) of the Fisheries Act 1983 (1983 No 14).

Section 16(1)(a): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 16(1)(b): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 16(2): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
Section 16(3)(a): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 16(3)(c): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 16(3A): inserted, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
Purse seining 17 (1) No person shall use any purse seine net for the purposes of fishing unless— (a) that person has in the net an escape panel or aperture from which any dolphin or porpoise can readily escape; and that person follows a fishing practice acceptable to the Director-General.
(b) (2) Subject to subsection (3), the Director-General may, from time to time by notice in the Gazette, grant, in respect of any person or class of persons, or any vessel, vehicle, aircraft, or hover- craft, or any fish, or any waters, exemption from the require- ments of subsection (1), either wholly or partially and either with or without conditions; and may in like manner amend or revoke any such notice.
25 s 18 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 (3) No exemption from the requirements of subsection (1) shall be given in respect of a purse seine net used in fishing for yellowfin tuna.

Every person commits an offence against this Act who contra- venes subsection (1) or, where any exemption has been granted by notice under subsection (2), contravenes or fails to comply with any conditions imposed by such notice.
(4) Treatment or disposal of sick or dead marine mammals 18 (1) Nothing in this Act shall affect— (a) (b) any person who gives any humane assistance, care, or medication to any stranded, sick, or injured marine mammal if (where known) details of the mammal’s species, length, sex, and condition, or a general de- scription of the mammal, and details of the treatment and any results of the treatment are forwarded to the Director-General or an officer as soon as practicable: the moving of any marine mammal by or under the di- rection of any officer in the interests of public safety or the well-being of the mammal: the destruction of any aged, sick, distressed, or trouble- some marine mammal by or under the direction of an officer or person authorised by the Minister.
(2) Dead marine mammals shall be disposed of in accordance with the advice of an officer or person authorised by the Minister, which advice shall be given, where practicable, after consult- ation with the occupier of the place where the marine mammal is found.

Section 18(1)(a): amended (with effect on 1 April 1987), on 1 July 1987, by section 11(1) of the State-Owned Enterprises Amendment Act 1987 (1987 No 117).

(c) Section 18(1)(a): Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Section 18(1)(c): Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Section 18(2): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
26 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 21 Destruction of diseased captive marine mammals 19 (1) Where any marine mammal is taken or kept pursuant to a per- mit issued under this Act, and is found at any time— (a) to be affected with any unhealthy condition or to be diseased or suffering from any disability; or to be so injured or debilitated that it might be suffer- ing— (b) an officer, veterinarian within the meaning of section 4 of the Veterinarians Act 2005, or other person authorised by the Min- ister, may seize or destroy that marine mammal.
The costs of and incidental to any such seizure or destruction shall be borne by the person keeping the marine mammal con- cerned.

(2) (3) No compensation shall be payable to any person under this section.

Section 19(1): amended, on 22 December 2005, pursuant to section 95 of the Veterinarians Act 2005 (2005 No 126).
20 21 (1) No derogation from certain enactments Nothing in this Act shall derogate from the provisions of— (a) (b) the Animal Welfare Act 1999: Part 4 of the Antarctica (Environmental Protection) Act 1994: the Ross Dependency Whaling Regulations, 1929, as published in the Gazette on 31 October 1929 at pages 2747 and 2748.

(c) Section 20(a): substituted, on 1 January 2000, by section 194 of the Animal Welfare Act 1999 (1999 No 142).
Section 20(b): Antarctica (Environmental Protection) Act 1994 (1994 No 119).
substituted, on 23 January 1998, by section 56(1) of the Advisory, research, and technical committees The Minister may from time to time appoint such advisory, research, or technical committees of 1 or more persons as he thinks fit, and he may delegate to any such committee such of the powers conferred on him under this Act as he thinks fit or require the committee to investigate and report to him on such matters relating to marine mammals as he may direct or 27 s 22 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 (2) of which the committee, or any member or members of it, may have special knowledge or experience.
Every committee purporting to act pursuant to any delegation under this section shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be presumed to be acting in accordance with the terms of the delegation.

(3) Every delegation under this section shall be revocable at will.

(4) No delegation under this section shall prevent the exercise of (5) (6) any power by the Minister.
Every committee appointed under this section is hereby de- clared to be a statutory board within the meaning of the Fees and Travelling Allowances Act 1951, and there shall be paid to the members of the committee, from money appropriated by Parliament for the purpose, remuneration by way of salary, fees, allowances, travelling allowances, or expenses in accord- ance with that Act and its provisions shall apply accordingly.
The Minister may direct the Director-General to provide from his Department such services as may be necessary to enable any committee to discharge its functions more properly.

Section 21(6): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
22 Marine mammal sanctuaries (1) Subject to this section, the Minister may, by notice in the Gazette, define any place and declare it to be a marine mam- mal sanctuary, and may in like manner, after considering any submissions in writing he may have received within 28 days after the date of publication of a notice in the Gazette indicat- ing his intention, vary, redefine, or abolish the sanctuary.
(2) Where any other Minister of the Crown has the control of any Crown-owned land, foreshore, seabed, or waters of the sea which is declared to be a marine mammal sanctuary or which forms part of one, the consent of that Minister to the declar- ation shall be notified concurrently with the notice given under subsection (1).
(3) When defining and declaring a sanctuary under this section, the Minister may specify the activities that may or may not be 28 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 23 engaged in within the sanctuary, and may impose restrictions in respect of the sanctuary.

(5) (4) No marine mammal sanctuary shall be declared in any Mari- time or National Park, in any reserve within the meaning of the Reserves Act 1977, or in any marine reserve declared under the Marine Reserves Act 1971.
Every constable, and every ranger appointed under section 38 of the Wildlife Act 1953, section 27 of the National Parks Act 1952, or under section 8 of the Reserves Act 1977 shall have the authority to exercise any of the powers conferred on a ranger under section 39 of the Wildlife Act 1953 in any mar- ine mammal sanctuary.
23 (1) (2) Offences and penalties Every person commits an offence against this Act who— (a) acts in contravention of or fails to comply in any respect with any notice, direction, restriction, requirement, or condition given, made, or imposed under this Act or any regulations made under it; or (b) makes any false or misleading statement or any material omission in any communication with or application or return to the Minister, to the Director-General, or to the Department of Conservation or any duly authorised officer or employee of the Department of Conservation, or any officer (whether in writing or otherwise), for the purposes of this Act or of any regulations made under it; or refuses or fails to furnish any return or information or particulars required by the Minister, the Director-Gen- eral, or any duly authorised officer or employee of the Department of Conservation, or any officer, for the pur- poses of this Act or of any regulations under it.
(c) Every person commits an offence against this Act who— (a) except under the authority of any enactment, places or leaves any structure or trap or chemical or other sub- stance in any place where a marine mammal is or is likely to be and which injures or harms, or is likely to injure or harm, any marine mammal: 29 s 24 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 (b) uses any vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or hovercraft to herd or harass any marine mammal.
Every person who commits an offence against this Act for which no penalty is provided otherwise than in this section is liable, on summary conviction before a District Court Judge, to a fine not exceeding— (a) in the case of an offence against section 17 or subsection (2) of this section, $30,000; and in any other case, $10,000.

(b) Section 23(1)(b): Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).

amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Section 23(1)(c): Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Section 23(3): amended, on 1 April 1980, pursuant to section 18(2) of the District Courts Amendment Act 1979 (1979 No 125).

Section 23(3)(a): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).

Section 23(3)(b): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
Onus of proof in respect of certain offences Where any person is charged with an offence under this Act arising out of his taking or doing, without a permit or author- ity, any action for the taking or doing of which a permit or authority is required, the onus shall be on that person to prove that at the relevant time he held the required permit or author- ity.
Proceedings in respect of offences Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in section 14 of the Summary Proceedings Act 1957, proceedings may be taken under this Act against any person for an offence committed at sea or beyond the outer limits of New Zealand fisheries waters at any time within 12 months from the date on which that per- son first lands in New Zealand after the commission of the offence or, for an offence committed in New Zealand, within 12 months after the date of the commission of the offence.
(3) 24 25 30 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 27 Defences in respect of certain offences 26 (1) Where any person (not being a New Zealand citizen) is charged with any offence under this Act, it shall be a defence to the charge if the defendant proves that the act or omission constituting the offence took place beyond the outer limits of New Zealand fisheries waters or, not being an offence concerning the importing of any marine mammal or marine mammal product, relates only to marine mammals taken beyond those outer limits.
(2) Where any New Zealand citizen is charged with any offence under this Act, it shall be a defence to the charge if the defen- dant proves that the act or omission constituting the offence took place beyond the outer limits of New Zealand fisheries waters and did not contravene any international agreement to which effect had been given by regulations made under sec- tion 28 or by any other enactment.
(3) Where any person is charged with any offence under this Act, it shall be a defence to the charge if the defendant proves that the act or omission constituting the offence took place in cir- cumstances of stress or emergency and was necessary for the preservation, protection, or maintenance of human life.
(4) Where any person is charged with killing or injuring any mar- ine mammal contrary to the provisions of this Act or any regu- lations made under it and the provisions of subsection (1) or subsection (2) or subsection (3) do not apply in the circum- stances of the case, it shall be a defence to the charge if the defendant proves that the death of or injury to the marine mam- mal was accidental, or incidental, and that the requirements of section 16 were complied with.
Section 26(4): amended, on 1 October 1996, by section 316(1) of the Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88).
27 Liability for causing officer to incur expense Where any person causes an officer to incur any expense that he would not otherwise have incurred, by failing to comply with or acting in contravention of any provision of this Act or any regulations made under it, or by failing to comply with or acting in contravention of any order or direction or require- ment or conditions reasonably and properly given or imposed 31 s 28 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 in accordance with this Act or any such regulations, that person shall reimburse the Crown for the amount of any such expense that is reasonably and properly incurred, and that amount shall be recoverable from that person as a debt due to the Crown.
Regulations The Governor-General may, from time to time by Order in Council, make regulations for all or any of the following pur- poses: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) prescribing the manner in which any marine mammal may be measured: prescribing forms of applications and of permits re- quired for the purposes of this Act: prescribing the amount of any deposit or fees to be paid in respect of any application made under this Act, and in respect of the granting of any permit: prescribing conditions pursuant to which permits may be issued, and conditions which may be attached to per- mits already issued: prescribing and limiting the number of permits of any class or classes that may be issued in any year: prescribing the amount of any deposit, bond, or security, which may be required under this Act: giving effect to the terms of any international agreement to which New Zealand is a party: regulating, prohibiting, or restricting the sale, distri- bution, custody, carriage, packaging, handling, or use of any marine mammal, marine mammal product, or any product containing anything derived from a mar- ine mammal: regulating, prohibiting, or restricting the keeping of any marine mammal, marine mammal product, or any prod- uct containing anything derived from a marine mam- mal: providing for such other matters as are contemplated by or necessary for giving full effect to the provisions of this Act and for its due administration.
The Governor-General may, from time to time by Order in Council, make such regulations as the Governor-General in 28 (1) (2) 32 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 s 30 Council thinks necessary or expedient for the protection, con- servation, or management of any marine mammal.
(3) Any regulations under this section may apply generally throughout New Zealand or New Zealand fisheries waters or may be made to apply only within such area or areas as may be specified in the regulations.
(4) Any regulations under this section may confer on the Minis- ter or on the Director-General power to issue, in such manner as may be prescribed, instructions, orders, requirements, per- mits, authorities, or notices for the purpose of ensuring the pro- tection, management, or conservation of any marine mammal and, where the regulations so provide, any such instruction, order, requirement, permit, authority, or notice shall have ef- fect according to its tenor and shall be complied with by all persons affected by it.
Costs of administering Act, receipts 29 (1) All costs and expenses properly incurred by any person for the purposes of this Act shall be met from money appropriated by Parliament for the purpose.

(2) All fees or other money (except fines) received pursuant to this Act shall be deemed to be a receipt of the Department of Conservation and shall be accounted for accordingly.

Section 29(2): amended, on 1 April 1987, by section 65(1) of the Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65).
30 (1) (2) (3) Amendments, repeals, and revocations The enactments specified in the Schedule are hereby amended in the manner indicated in that schedule.

The following enactments are hereby repealed: the Whaling Industry Act 1935: (a) the Whaling Industry Amendment Act 1974: (b) the Fisheries Amendment Act 1956.
(c) The following regulations are hereby revoked: the Whaling Industry Regulations 1961: (a) the Whaling Industry Regulations 1961, Amendment (b) No 1: 33 s 30 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 (c) the Whaling Industry Regulations 1961, Amendment No 2: the Seal Fishery Regulations 1946: the Seal Fishery Regulations 1946, Amendment No 7: the Seal Fishery Regulations 1946, Amendment No 11.
(4) As from the commencement of this Act, the enactments of the (d) (e) (f) Parliament of the United Kingdom intituled— (a) the Seal Fisheries (North Pacific) Act 1895, 58 and 59 Vict, c 21; and the Seal Fisheries (North Pacific) Act 1912, 2 and 3 Geo 5, c 10— (b) shall cease to have effect as part of the law of New Zealand.
The following Orders in Council are hereby consequentially revoked: (a) the Order in Council dated 4 March 1913, and published in the Gazette on 13 March 1913 at page 815, whereby consent was given to sections 3 and 4 of the enactment mentioned in subsection (4)(b) of this section being ex- tended to New Zealand: the Order in Council dated 18 August 1913, and pub- lished in the Gazette on 21 August 1913 at pages 2633 and 2634, whereby a date was declared for the sections mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection to come into operation in New Zealand.
(b) (5) 34 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Schedule Enactments amended Animals Protection Act 1960 (1960 No 30) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).

Schedule s 30(1) Fisheries Act 1908 (1908 No 65) (Reprinted 1976, Vol 5, p 3705) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).

Fisheries Amendment Act 1948 (1948 No 11) (Reprinted 1976, Vol 5, p 3793) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).
Fisheries Amendment Act 1959 (1959 No 8) (Reprinted 1976, Vol 5, p 3796) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).

Fisheries Amendment Act 1967 (1967 No 49) (Reprinted 1976, Vol 5, p 3836) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).

Fisheries Amendment Act (No 2) 1969 (1969 No 57) (Reprinted 1976, Vol 5, p 3840) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).

Fisheries Amendment Act (No 2) 1977 (1977 No 131) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).
Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Act 1953 (1953 No 7) (Reprinted 1972, Vol 3, p 2575) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).

Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1977 (1977 No 28) Amendment(s) incorporated in the Act(s).
35 Notes Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Contents 1 2 3 4 General Status of reprints How reprints are prepared Changes made under section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 List of amendments incorporated in this reprint (most recent first) General This is a reprint of the Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978.

The reprint incorporates all the amendments to the Act as at 22 December 2005, as specified in the list of amendments at the end of these notes.
Relevant provisions of any amending enactments that contain transitional, savings, or application provisions that cannot be compiled in the reprint are also included, after the principal enactment, in chronological order.

For more information, see http://www.pco.parliament.govt.nz/reprints/.
Status of reprints Under section 16D of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989, reprints are presumed to correctly state, as at the date of the reprint, the law enacted by the principal enactment and by the amendments to that enactment.

This presumption applies even though editorial changes authorised by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 have been made in the reprint.
This presumption may be rebutted by producing the official volumes of statutes or statutory regulations in which the principal enactment and its amendments are contained.

How reprints are prepared editorial A number in the preparation of enacting words are of conventions reprints.

not included are For example, in Acts, followed the and 5 Notes 1 2 3 36 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Notes that are repealed or revoked are omitted.
provisions For a detailed list of see http://www.pco.parliament.govt.nz/editorial-conventions/ or Part 8 of the Tables of New Zealand Acts and Ordinances and Statutory Regulations and Deemed Regulations in Force.
the editorial conventions, 4 Changes made under section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 Section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 authorises the making of editorial changes in a reprint as set out in sections 17D and 17E of that Act so that, to the extent permitted, the format and style of the reprinted enactment is consistent with current legislative drafting practice.

Changes that would alter the effect of the legislation are not permitted.
A new format of legislation was introduced on 1 January 2000.

Changes to legislative drafting style have also been made since 1997, and are ongoing.

To the extent permitted by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989, all legislation reprinted after 1 January 2000 is in the new format for legislation and reflects current drafting practice at the time of the reprint.
In outline, the editorial changes made in reprints under the authority of section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 are set out below, and they have been applied, where relevant, in the preparation of this reprint: • omission of unnecessary referential words (such as “of this section” and “of this Act”) typeface and type size (Times Roman, generally in 11.5 point) layout of provisions, including: • • indentation position of section headings (eg, the number and heading now appear above the section) format of definitions (eg, the defined term now appears in bold type, without quotation marks) format of dates (eg, a date formerly expressed as “the 1st day of January 1999” is now expressed as “1 January 1999”) 37 • • • • Notes Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 • • • • • • • position of the date of assent (it now appears on the front page of each Act) punctuation (eg, colons are not used after definitions) Parts numbered with roman numerals are replaced with arabic numerals, and all cross-references are changed accordingly case and appearance of letters and words, including: • followed by small capital format of headings (eg, headings where each word formerly appeared with an initial capital letter letters are amended so that the heading appears in bold, with only the first word (and any proper nouns) appearing with an initial capital letter) small capital letters in section and subsection references are now capital letters • schedules are renumbered (eg, Schedule 1 replaces First Schedule), and all cross-references are changed accordingly running heads (the information that appears at the top of each page) format of amendments, and schedules of are rearranged into alphabetical order, chronological).
two-column schedules of consequential they rather than repeals (eg, 5 List of amendments incorporated in this reprint (most recent first) Veterinarians Act 2005 (2005 No 126): section 95 Local Government Act 2002 (2002 No 84): section 262 Animal Welfare Act 1999 (1999 No 142): section 194 District Courts Amendment Act 1998 (1998 No 76): section 7 Fisheries (Remedial Issues) Amendment Act 1998 (1998 No 67): section 36 Fisheries Act 1996 (1996 No 88): sections 314(1)(v), 316(1) Customs and Excise Act 1996 (1996 No 27): section 289(1) Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Restructuring) Act 1995 (1995 No 31): section 6(1)(a) Antarctica (Environmental Protection) Act 1994 (1994 No 119): section 56(1) Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1994 (1994 No 111) Maritime Transport Act 1994 (1994 No 104): section 203 38 Reprinted as at 22 December 2005 Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 Notes Conservation Law Reform Act 1990 (1990 No 31): sections 106, 107 State Sector Act 1988 (1988 No 20): section 90(a) State-Owned Enterprises Amendment Act 1987 (1987 No 117): section 11(1) Conservation Act 1987 (1987 No 65): section 65(1) Fisheries Act 1983 (1983 No 14): section 108(1) District Courts Amendment Act 1979 (1979 No 125): section 18(2) Marine Mammals Protection Amendment Act 1979 (1979 No 98) 12 Wellington, New Zealand: Published under the authority of the New Zealand Government—2011 39