Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698083657573.pdf (Sierra Leone)
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BILATERAL AIR SERVICES AGR.EEMENT BETWEEN GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE AND GO\'ERNMENT OF THE UNITED RXPUBLIC OF TANZANIA .
AIR SERVICES AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITEO REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE ,- i ,- .4t /:,' ,/r/,' TABLE OF CONTENTS PREAMBLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION 2 APPLICABILITY OF CHICAGO CONVENTION 3 GRANT OF RIGHTS 4 DESIGNATION AND AUTHORIZATION 5 REVOCATION AND SUSPENSION OF OPERATING AUTHORIZATION 6 PRINCIPLES GOVERNING OPERATION OF AGREED SERVICES 7 CUSTOMS DUTIES AND OTHER CHARGES 8 COMPETITION AMONG AIRLINES 9 TARIFFS 1O AVIATION SECURIry 1I AVIATION SAFETY 12 USERCHARGES 13 APPLICABILITY OF NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS 14 CODE SHARING 15 APPROVAL OF TIMETABLE ,t6 COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES I7 TRANSFER OF FUNDS 18 EXCHANGE INFORMATION 19 CONSULTATIONS 20 SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES 21 AMENDMENTS OF AGREEMENT 22 REGISTRATION WITH THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION .23 ORGANIZATION CERTIFICATES OF AIRWORTHINESS AND COMPETENCY 24 CONFORMITY WITH MULTILATERAL 25 TERMINATION 26 ENTRY INTO FORCE 27 ANNEX 2 I PREAMBLE The Government of the United Republic of Tanzania; and The Government of the Republic of Sierra Leone, Hereinafler referred to as "the Contracting Parties' Being parties to the Convention on lnternational Civil Aviation opened for signrtuie at Chicago on the seventh day of December, 1944; Desiring to facilitate the expansion of international air services opportunities; Recognizing that efficient and competitive international air services enhance econdmic arowth, trade, tourism, investment and the welfare of consumers' Desiring to conclude an Air service Agreement, inconformity with supplementary to the ;id Convention, for the purpose of establishing lnternational Air Services between and beyond their respective territories; Have agreed as follows AR LE1 Definitions AND INTERPRETATION For the purpose of this Agreement, unless the context othentise requires: l.,theconvention"meanstheconventiononlnternationalCivilAviation opened for signature at Chicago on the seventh day of December, 1944 and includes anyinne" adopted under Article (90) of that Convention and any amendmenf of the annexes or the Convention under Articles (90) and (94) thereof, so far as those annexes and amendments have become effective for or been ratified by both Contracting Parties; 2.
"Agreement" means this Agreement, the Annex attached thereto and any Pr6tocols or similar documents amending this Agreement or the Annex' 3.

"Aeronautical Authorities' means: in lhe case of the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania, the Minister responsible for aviation matters; andinthecaseoftheGovernmentoftheSierraLeoneCivilAviation ffi J Authority and in both cases any person or body authorized to perform any function!

at present exercisable by the said authorities or similar functions, 4.
'Designated Airline' means an airline which has been designated and authorized in accordance with Article (4) of this Agreement; 5.

"air service", "international air service" "airline" and "stoP for non'traffic purposes" , have the meanings respectively assigned to them in Article 96 of the Convention.

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"Capacity" in relation to an aircraft means the payload of the aircraft available tn the route or section of a route; and in relation to a specified air service means the capacity of aircraft' used on such service' multiplied by the frequency of the flights, operated by such an aircraft over a given period on a route or section of a roule.

7.
7.

"Agreed Services' and "Specified Routes' have the meaning respectively of siheduled international air services and of routes specified in the Annex to this Agreement.

8.

"Tariff means the prices to be paid for the carriage of passengers' baggage and cargo and the conditions under which those prices apply' including prices a;d conditions for agency and other auxiliary services' but excluding remuneralion and conditions for the carriage of mail 9.
'User Charges' means fees or rates levied for the use of airports, navigational iacilities and other related services offered by one Contracting Party to the other.

10.

.Territory" in relation to a slate has the meaning assigned to it in Article (2) of the Convention.

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"specifiedroute'therouteestablishedortobeestablishedintheannexto this agreement 12.
THE ANNEX TO THIS AGREEMENT IS CONSIDERED AN INTEGRAL PART THEREOF ARTICLE 2 Applicabilitv of Chicaqo Convention The provisions of this Agreement shall be sub.iect to the provisions of the convention in so far as those provisions are applicable to international air servic€S.
., 4 ARTICLE 3 Grant of Riohts 1 Each Contracting Party grants to the other Contracting Party the following rights in respect of its scheduled international air services: a) The right to fly across its territory without landing; b) The right to make stops in its territory for non-traffic purposes: ' c) To make stops in the said territory at points specified in the annex, for the purpose of taking on board and discharging passengers, baggage, cargo and mail coming from of destined for points in the territory of the other contracting party, on the specified route while operating and agreed service' 2 Each Contracting Party grants to the other Contracting Party the rights specified in thiJ AgreLmlnt for the purpose of establishing scheduled intemational air servi-ces on the routes specified in the appropriate section of the Schedules annexed to this Agreement.
Such services and routes are hereafter called "the agreed services' and "the specified routes' respectively' While operating an agreed service on a specified route, the airline designated by each Contracting Party shall enjoy in.
addition to the rights tp"Jm"d in piragraph (1) of this Article the right to make stops in the territory oi the other'Contlracting Party and in any third country at the points specified for that route in the sc[edules annexed to this Agreement for the purpose of taking on board and discharging passengers and cargo including mail, in comb]nation or separately, wiihout limitations regarding routes frequencies, and flying material that can be of its own, hired or chartered' ARTICLE 4 Desiqnation and Authorization l.EachcontractingPartyshal|havetherighttodesignateinwritingtothe other Contractini Partyone or more airlines for the purposes of operating the agreed services on the specified routes.
2.

On receipt of such designation, the other Contiacting Party shall' subJect to the proviiions of paragriphs (3) and (4) of this Article' without delay grant to the designated airline the appropriate operating authorizations' 3.
The aeronautical authorities of one Contracting Party may require the airline designatedbytheothercontractingPartytosatisfythemthatitisqualifiedto fulfill the coniitions prescribed under lhe laws and regulations normally and 5 reasonably applied to the operation of international air services by such authoritiea in conformity with the provisions of the Convention' 4.
Each Contracting Party shall have the right to refuse to grant the operating authorization refEned io in paragraph (2) of this Article, or to impose such conditions as it may deem necesiary on the exercise by a designated airline oi tn" rignt" specifi;d in Article (3) of this Agreement, in any case where the said Contracting Party is not satisfied that: ' a.substantialownershipandeffectivecontrolofthatairlinearevestedin the Contracting Party designating lhe airline' its nationals, or both; b.theairlineisestablishedintheterritoryoftheotherContractingParty and is licensed in accordance with the applicable law of that Contracting PartY; c. the other Contracling Party has and maintains a principal place of business and effective regulatory control of the airline' - 5.WhenanairtinehasbeenSodesignatedandauthorized,itmaybeginat to operate the Agreed Services in wiole or in part, provided that it iomplies with the applicable provisions of the Agreement and that .a "nyllrn" iir"trif" is established in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement in respect of such services.
ARTICLE 5 Revocation and Suspension of operatinq Authorization 1 Each Contracting Party shall have the right to revoke an operating authorization or ti suspend the exercise of the rights specified in Article (3) of this Agreement by an airline designated by the other Contracting Party' or to as it may deem necessary on the exercise of these impo"l srcn rights: .i in case where it is not satisfied that substantial ownership and effective control of that designated airline are vested in the Contracting Party designating the airline, its nationals,.or both; "onditiont "nV regulations of the Contracting Party granting these rights; or b) ln the casL of fiilure by that designated' airline to comply with laws or c) ln-case the designated airline fails to operate in accordance with the d) ln any case where it is not satisfied: '- Tnat itre airline is substantially owned and effectively controlled by the contracting party designating such airline or its nationals; condilions prescribed under this Agreement: I 6 I ti / /r1 ,/ - That it hold a current air operator certificate or similar license issued by the aeronautical authority of the contracting party designating the airline, or .Thatitisincorporatedandhasitsheadquarters.centraladministrationor the principal place of business in the territory of the contracting party designating the airline.
2 3 4 Unless immediate revocation, suspension, or imposition of the conditions mentioned in paragraph (1) of this Article is essential to prevent further infringement of lawi or regulations, such right shall be exercised only after ' consultation with the other Contracting Party Either Contracting Party that exercises the rights under paragraph ('l) of this Article shall notifi in writing the other Contracting Party immediately of the reasons for the refusal, suspension or limitation of the operating authorisation or technical permission of an airline designated by it.
ln exercising their rights under paragraph (1) of this Article, the Contracting Parties shall not disciiminate between airlines on the grounds of nationality' ARTICLE 6 Exemption trom Customs and other Duties 1 Aircraft operated on international air services by the designated airline- of either Contracting Party, as well as their regular equipment, supplies of fuel and lubricants, a-nd aircratt stores (including food, beverages and tobacco) on board such aircrafl shall be exempted from all customs duties, inspection fees and other similar charges on arriving in the territory of the other Contracting Party, provided that such equipment and supplies remain on board the iitatrft rp to such time as they are re-exporled or are used on the part of the journey performed over that terrilory' The following shall also be exempt from the same duties, fees and charges, with the exception of charges corresponding to the service performed: a) Aircraft stores taken on board in the territory of a Contracting Party, within limits fixed by the authorities of the said Contracting party, and for use on board outbound aircraft engaged in an international air service of lhe other Contracting Party; b) Spare parts and regular equipment introduced into the territory of either ' Cbntrattlng Party for the maintenance or repair of aircraft used on internationll air services by the designated airline of the other Contracting Party; c) fuel and lubricants supplied in the territory of a Conlracting Party to outbound aircrafl of a designated airline of the other Contracting Party 7 2 / / engaged in an international air service, even when these supplies are to be used on the part of the journey performed over the territory of the Contracting Party in which they are taken on board; advertising materials, uniform items and airline documentatton having no mmmercial value used by the designated airline of one Contracting Party in the territory of lhe other Contracting Party.
d) Materials referred to in sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this paragraph may be required to be kept under customs supervision or control.

3.'

Passengers, baggage and cargo in direct transit across the territory of one Contracting Party and not leaving the area of the airport reserved for such purpose shall be subject to a very simplified control.

Baggage and cargo in direct transit only shall be exempt from customs duties and other similar taxes.

4.
4.

The regular airborne equipment, as well as the materials and supplies retained on board the aircraft of either Contracting Party, may be unloaded in the territory of the other Contracting Party only with the approval of the customs authorities of that territory.

ln such a case, they may be placed under the supervision of the said authorities up to such time as they are re- exported or otheMise disposed of in accordance with customs regulations.

ARTICLE 7 Competition amonq Airlines 1.


Each Contracting Party shall allow a fair and equal opportunity for the designated airlines of both Contracting Parties to compete in providing the international air transportation governed by this Agreement 2.

The capacity of international air transport offered by the designated airlines shall be determined freely by each of them.

3.
3.

Neither Contracting Party shall unilaterally limit the volume of traffic, frequency or regularity of service, or the aircrafi type or types operated by the designated airline of the other Contracting Parly, except as may be required for customs, technical, operational, or environmental reasons under uniform conditions consistent with Article (15) of the Convention and always on a non-discriminatory basis.

4.
4.

Both Contracting Parties shall adopt all such measures as required within their jurisdiction to prevent any form of discrimination or unfair competition practices affecting the competitiveness of the designated airline of the other Contracting Party.

8 / Each Contracting Party shall minimize the administrative burdens of filing requirements ana procedures on designated airline of the other Conkacting Party and ensure that such burdens and procedures are applied upon a non- discriminatory basis.
ARTICLE 8 Tariffs Each Contracting Party shall allow tariffs for air services to be established by each designated airline based upon commercial considerations in the market place.

Neither Contracting Party shall require its designated airline to consult other airlines about the tariffs they charge or propose to charge for services covered by this Agreement.

Each Contracting Party may require notif'ication or filing of any tariff to be charged by its own designated airline.
Neither Contracting Party shall require notificatio; or filing of any tariffs to be charged by the designated airline of the other Contraaing Party.

Tariffs may remain in effect unless subsequently disapproved under paragraph (5) of this Article.
lntervention by the Contracting Parties shall be limited to: a) the proteition of consumers from tariffs lhat are excessive due to the abuse of market Power; b) the prevenlion of lariffs whose application constitutes anti-competitive ' behaviour which has or is likely to have or is explicitly intended to have the effect of preventing, restricting or distorting competition or excluding a competitor from the route.
Each Contracting Party may unilaterally disallow any tariff filed or charged by its own designatid airline.

However, such intervention shall be made only if it appears to ihe aeronauticat authority of that Contracting Party that a tariff charged or proposed to be charged meets either of the criteria set out in paragraph (3) of this Article.

Neither Contracting Party shall take unilateral.
action to prevent the coming into effect nor continuation of a tariff charged or proposed to be charged by the designated airline of the other Contracting Party, lf one Contracting Party believeJthat any such tariff is inconsistent with the considerations set out in paragraph (3) of this Artacle, it may request consultations and notify the other Contiacting Party of the reasons for its dissatisfaction These consultations shall be held not laler than fourteen (14) days after receipt of the request.
Without a mutual agreement the tariff shall take effect or continue in effect.

9 ARTICLE 9 Aviation Securitv Consistent with their rights and obligations under international law, the Contracting Parties reaffirm that their obligation to each other to protecl the security ofiivil aviation against acts of unlav,rful interference forms an integral part of this Agreement.
Without limiting their rights and obligations under international law, the Contracting Parties shall in particular act in conformity with the provisions of the Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft, signed at Tokyo on 14 September 1963, the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, signed at the Hague on 16 December 1970, and the Convention for the Suppression of Untawtut Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation, signed at Montreal on 23 September 197i, the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving lnternational Civil Aviation' signed at Montreal on 24 F ebruary 1988, , and the provisions of multilateral agreements and protocols which will become binding on both Contracting Parties.
The Contracting Parties shall provide upon request all necessary assistance to each other to prevent acts of unlawful seizure of clvil aircraft and other unlawful acls against the safety of such aircraft, lheir passengers and crew, airports and aii navigation facilities, and any other threat to the security of civil aviation.
The Contracting Parties shall, in their mutual relations, act in conformity with the aviation security provisions established by the lnternational civil Aviation Organization and dLsignated as Annexes to the Convention to the extent that suih security provisions are applicable to both Contracting Parties: they shall require that operators of aircraft of their registry, operators of aircraft who have their principal place of business or permanent residence in their territory and the operators of airports in their territory act in conformity with such aviation security provisions.
Each Contracting Parly agrees that such operators of aircraft shall be required to observe thgaviation security provisions referred to in paragraph (3) of this Article in accordance with the laws and regulations in force iequired by the other Contracting Party for entry into, departure from, or while within, the territory of that other Contracting Party.
Each Contracting Party shall ensure that adequate measures are effectively applied within its territory to protect the aircraft and to inspect passengers, ciew, carry-on items, baggage, cargo and aircraft stores prior to and during boarding or loading.

Each Conkacting Party shall also give positive consideiation to any request from the other Contracting Party for reasonable special security measures lo meet a particular threat.

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When an incident or threat of an incident of unlawful seizure of civil aircraft or other unlawful acts against the safety of such aircraft, their passengers and crew, airports or air navigation facilities occurs, the Contracting Parties shall assist each other by facilitating communications and other appropriate measures intended to terminate rapidly and safely such an incident or threat thereof.

7.
7.

Should one Contracting Party have problems with regard to the aviation security provisions of this Article, the aeronautical authorities of either ' Contracting Party may request immediate consultations with the aeronautical authorities of the other Contracting Party.

ARTICLE 1O Aviation Safetv '1.

Each Contracting Party may request consultations at any time concerning safety standards in any area relating to aircrew, aircraft or their operation adopied by the other Contracting Party.
Such consullations shall take place within (30) thirty days of that request.
2. lf, following such consultations, one Contracting Party finds that the other Contracting Party does nol effectively maintain and administer safety standards in any iuch area that are at least equal to the minimum standards established at that time pursuant to the Convenlion, the first Contracting Party shatl notify the other Contracting Party of those findings and the steps coniidered necessary to conform with those minimum standards, and that other Contractang Party shall take appropriate corective action' Failure by the other Contraiting Party to take appropriate action within (15) fifteen days or such longer period as may be agreed, shall be grounds for the application of Article (5) of this Agreement.
3.
Notwithstanding the obligations mentioned in Article (33) of the Convention, it is agreed that any aircraft operated by the designated airline of one Contracting Party on services to or from the territory of the other Contracting Party may, while within the territory of the other Contracting Party, be made the iubject of an examination by the authorized representatives of the other Contraiting Party, on board and around the aircraft to check both the validity of the aircraft documents and those of its crew and the apparent condition of the aircraft and its equipment (in this Article called 'ramp inspection'), provided this does not lead to unreasonable delay.
4. lf any such ramp inspection oI a series of ramp inspections gives rise to: W ,"2 ,+' a) serious concerns that an aircraft or the operation of an aircrafl does not comply with the minimum standards established at that time pursuant to the Convention, or b) serious concerns that there is a lack of effective maintenance and administration of safety standards established at that time pursuant to the Convention, the Contracting Party carrying out the inspection shall, for the purposes of Article (33) of the Convention, be free to conclude that the requirements under which the certificates or licenses in respect of that aircraft or in respect of the crew of that aircraft had been issued or rendered valid, or that the requirements under which that aircraft is operated, are not equal to or above the minimum standards established pursuant to the Convention.
5. ln the event that access for the purpose of undertaking a ramp inspection of an aircrafl operated by a designated airline of one Contracting Party in accordance with paragraph (3) of this Article is denied by the representative of that airline, the other Contracting Party shall be free to infer that serious concerns of the type referred to in paragraph (4) of this Article arise and draw the conclusions referred to in that paragraph.

6.
6.

Each Contracting Party reserves the right to suspend or vary the operating authorization of the designated airline of the other Contracting Party immediately in the evenl the first Contracting Party concludes, whether as a result of a ramp inspection, consultation or otheruise, that immediate action is essential to the safety of an airline operation.

7.
7.

Any action by one Contracting Party in accordance with paragraphs (2) or (6) of ihis Rrticte shall be discontinued once the basis for the taking of that action ceases to exist.

ARTICLE 11 Use r charqes 1.


Each Contracting Party shall ensure that lhe user charges imposed or permitted to be imposed by its competent charging bodies on the designated airline or airlines of the other Contracling Party are just these charges shall be based on sound economy principles and shall not be higher than those fade by other airlines for such services.

2.
2.

No Contracting Party shall impose or permit to be imposed, on the designated airline or airlines of the other contracting party user charges higher than those imposed on ils own designated airline or airlines operating similar international air service resign similar aircraft t2 / 5 Each Contractins Party shall encourage consultatlons between its competent charging bodies and the Designated Airlines using the services and facilities.
Reasonable notice shall be given whenever possible to such users of any proposal for changes in User Charges together with relevant supporting information and data, to enable them to express their views before the charges are revised.
ARTICLE 12 ApDlicabili tv of National islation The laws and regulations of a Contracting Party as to the admission to or departure from its lerritory of passengers' crew and cargo of aircraft, such as regulations relating to entry, clearance, immigration, passports, customs, cuirency, health and quarantine shall be complied with by or on behalf of such pissengers, crew or cargo upon entrance into or departure from, or while within the territory of that Contracting Party.
The laws and regulations of a Contracting Party relating to the admission to or departure from its territory of aircrafl engaged in inlernational air navigation, or to the operation and navigation of such aircraft shall be applied to aiicraft of the other Contracting Party while within its territory.
The appropriate authorities of a Contracting Party shall have the right without unreasonable delays, to search aircraft of the other Contracting Party on landing or departure and to inspect the certificates and other documenls prescribed by the Convention; Passenger, baggage, cargo, and mail in direct lransit across the tenitory of either c-ontractlng party or not leaving the area of the airport reserved for such purpose shili, except in respecl of security measure against violence, air piiacy and narcotics control, be subject to no more than a simplified conirol.
Such baggage, cargo and mail shall be exempt from custom duties excise duties anOlimitar duties fees and charges not based on the cost of services provided on arrival.

ARTICLE 13 Code Sharinq The designated Airline (s) of both contracting parties may, either as a marketinf carrier or as an operation carrier, freely enter into cooperative marketing arrangements including but not limited to blocked space and/or , 13 /.
,4L,,' 1 2 a 4 1 code share arrangements (including third country code share arrangements), with any other airline or airlines.

2.

Before providing code sharing services, the code sharing partners shall agree as to which party shall be responsible in respect of the liability and on consumer related malters, security, safety and facilitation.

The agreement setting out these terms shall be filed with both Aeronautical Authorities before implementation of the code share arrangements.

3.
3.

Such arrangements shall be accepted by the Aeronautical Authorities ' concerned, provided that all airlines in these arrangements have the underlying traffic rights, and/or routing rights and authorizations.

4.
4.

In the event of a code share arrangement, the marketing airline should, in respect of every ticket sold, ensure that it is made clear to the purchaser at the point of sale which airline will actually operate each sector of the service and with which airline or airline the purchaser is entering into a contractual relationship.

5.
5.

The designated Airline(s) of each contracting parly may also offer code share service between any point(s) in the territory of the other contracting party, provided that such services are operated by an airline or the olher contracting party.

ARTICLE 14 Approval of Timetable 1.


The designated airline or airlines of each contracting party shall submit for approval to the aeronautical authority of the other contracting party not later than thirty (30) days prior to the commencement of the agreed services on the specified routes, the timetable of intended services, specifying the frequency, the type of aircraft, configuration, nature of the service and the number of seats made available to the public.

This shall likewise apply to later changes.


ln special cases, this time limit may be reduced subject to the said authority.

2. lf a designated airline wishes to operate ad-hoc flights supplementary to those covered in the approved timetables, it shall obtain prior permission of the aeronautical authority of the contracting party concerned.

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ARTICLE 15 Com merci lActivities 1.


The designated airline of each Contracting Party shall have the right to establish offices in the territory of the other Contracting Party for the promotion and sale of air services.

2.
2.

The designated airlines of each Conkacting Party shall be entitled, in accordance with the laws, regulations and rules of the other Contracting ' Party relating to entry, residence and employment, to bring in and maintain in the territory of the other Contracting Parly managerial, sales, technical, operational and other specialist staff required for the provision of air services.

3.
3.

The designated airline of each Contracting Party may engage in the sale of air servicLs in the territory of the other Contracting Party directly and, at the airline's discretion, through its agents.

Each airline shall have the right to sell such transportation and any person shall be free to purchase such transportation, in the currency of that territory or in freely convertible currencies.
4 5 6 7 Each designated airline shall have the right to convert and remit to its country, on demand, local revenues in excess of sums locally disbursed.

Conversion and remittance shall be permitted promptly without restrictions or taxation in respect thereof at the rate of exchange applicable to current transactions and remittance on the date the carrier makes the initial application for remittance.
The designated airline of each Contracting Party shall be permitted to pay for local expenses, including purchases of fuel, in the territory of the other Contracting Party in local currency.
At their discretion, the designated airline of each Conkacting Party may pay for such expenses in the territory of the olher Contracting Party in freely convertible currencies according to local currency regulation Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article, the exercise of rlghts under this Article shall be in accordance with the applicable domestic laws, regulations and rules, and the Contracting Parties stipulate that the laws, regulations and rules shall be administered in a non-discriminatory fashion and consistent with the purposes of the Agreement.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, designated airlines and indirect providers of cargo transporlation of both Contracting Parties shall be permitted, without restriction, to employ in connection with international air services any surface transportation for cargo to or from any points in the territories of the Contracting Parties or in third countries, ,/Zffi l5 including transport to and from all airports with customs facililies, and including, where applicable, the right to transport cargo in bond under applicable laws and regulations.
Such cargo, whether moving by surface or by air, shall have access to airport customs processing and facilities' The designated airlines may elect to perform their own surface transportation or to piovide it through arrangements with other surface carriers, including suriace transportation operated by other airlines and indirect providers of cargo air services Such intermodal cargo services may be offered at a single, through price for the air and surface transportation combined, pro-riOeO thai shippers are not misled as to the facts concerning such transportation.
ARTICLE 16 Exchan qe lnform ation 1 The aeronautical authorities of both contracting parties shall exchange information as promptly as possible, concerning the current authorizations extended to their respe-tive designated airline or airlines to render service to, though, and from the territory of the contracting party This will include copies of cJrrent certificates and authorizations for services on specified routes, together with amendments or exemption orders 2 Each contracting party shall cause its designated airline or airlines to provide to the aeronautiial authority of the other contracting party upon request, such periodic or other statements of statistics relating to the traffic carried on the agreed services showing the points of embarkation as may be reasonably reluired for the purpose of reviewing the operations on the agreed services' ARTICL E17 Consultations ln a spirit of close co-operalion, the aeronautical authorities of the Contraciing Parties shall consult each other from time to time with a view to ensuring ihe implementation of and satisfactory compliance with, the provisio-ns of this Agreement and the Annexed Schedules and shall consult when necessary to provide for modifications thereof' 2 Either contracting Party may request consultation in writing which shall begin within a period oi(OO) iixty Oays of the date of receipt of the request, unless both Contracting Parties agree to an extension of this period.
Z l6 ./ /:4 .T I I ARTICL E18 Settlement of Dis DUTES 1 2 lf any dispute arises behveen the Contracting Parties relating to the interpietation or application of this Agreement, the Contracting Parties shall in the first place endeavor to settle it by negotiation.
lf the Contracting Parties fail to reach a settlement by negotaation, they may agree to refer the dispute for decision to some person or body; if they do not so agree, the dispute shall, at the request of either Contracting Party be submitted for decision to a tribunal of (3) three arbitrators.

one to be nominated by each Contracting Party and the third to be appointed by the hvo so nominated.
Each of the Contracting Parties shall nominate an arbitrator within a period of (60) sixty days from the date of receipt by either Contracting Party from the other of a notice through diplomatic channels requesting arbitration of the dispute by such a tribunal, and the third arbitrator shall be appointed within a further period of (60) sixty days lf either of the Contracting Parties fails to nominate an arbitrator within the period specified, or if the third arbitrator is not appointed within the period specified, the President of the Council of the lnternational Civil Aviation Organization may, at the request of eilher Contracting Party, appoint an arbitrator or arbitrators as the case requires.
ln such case, the third arbitrator shall be a national of a third State and shall act as President of the arbitral tribunal.

3.

The Contracting Parties shall comply with any stipulation' provisional ruling or final decision of the tribunal.

4.

The cost of the arbitration tribunal and any other costs shall be borne in equal parts by the Contracting Parties.
5. lf and as long as either Contracting Party fails to comply with any decision given under paragraph 2 of this article the other contracting party may limit, wittrtrotd or revoke any right or privileges which it has granted by virtue of this agreement to the Contracting Party in default or to the designated airline in default ARTICLE 19 Amendments OF AGR EEMENT 1 lf either of the Contracting Parties considers it desirable to modify any provision of this Agreement, such modifications, if agreed between the Contracting Parties and if necessary after consultation in accordance with Z t7 Article (14) of this Agreement, shall come into effect when confirmed by an exchange of notes, through the diplomatic channels.
lf the amendment relates to the provisions of the Agreement other than those of the annexed schedules, the amendment shall be approved by each Conlracting Party in accordance with its legal procedures.

3 lf the amendment relates only to the provisions of the Annex to this Agreement, it may be agreed upon directly between lhe aeronautical authorities of both Contracting Parties and would be efiective from the date ' agreed upon by the aeronautical authorities.
I ARTICLE 20 Reoistra n with the lnternatio nal Civil Aviation O anization This Agreement and any subsequent amendments thereto shall be registered with the lnternational Civil Aviation Organization by the State where the signature of the Agreement will take Place.

ARTICLE 21 Recoq nition of Certificates and Licences 1 .
Certificates of airworthiness, certificates of competency and licences issued or rendered valid by one Contractlng Party, and still in force' shall be recognized as valid by the other Conkacting Party for the purpose of operating services provided for in this Agreement, provided that the requirements under which such certificates or licences were issued or rendered valid are equal to or above the minimum standards whjch are or may be established pursuant to the Convention.
Each Contracting Party reserves the right, however, to refuse to recognize, for the purpose of flights above its own territory, certificates of competency and licences granted to its own nationals or rendered valid for them by the other Contracting Party or by any other State.
2. lf the privileges or conditions of the licences or certificates reiened to in paragraph (1) of this Article, issued by the Aeronautical Authorities of one Contracting Party to any person or designated airline or in respect of an aircraft operating the agreed services on the specilied routes would permit a difference from the standards established under the Convention, and which difference has been filed with the International Civil Aviation Organization, the Aeronautical Authorities of the other Contracting Party may request consultations in accordance with Article (14) of this Agreement with the Aeronaulical Authorities of that Contracting Party with a view to satisfying t8 4 themselves that the practice in question is acceptable to them.
Failure to reach a satisfactory agreement will constitute grounds for the application of Article (5) of this Agreement.

ARTICLE 22 Conformitv with Multilateral Convenlions lf a general multilateral air transport convention or agreement comes into force in respect of both Contracting Parties, this Agreement and its Annexes shall be ddemed to be amended accordingly.
ARTICLE 23 Termination Either Contracting Party may at any time give notice to the other Contracting Party of its decision to terminate this Agreement; such notice shall be simultaneously communicated to the lnternational Civil Aviation Organization.

ln such case the Agreemenl shall terminate (12) twelve months after the date of receipt of the notice by the other Contracting Party, unless the notice to terminate is wiihdrawn by agreement before the expiry of this period.
ln the absence of acknowledgement of receipt by the other Contracting Party, notice shall be deemed to have been received (14) fourteen days after lhe receipt of the notice by the lnternational Civil Aviation Organization.
ARTICLE 24 Entrv into Force This Agreement shall be approved according to the legal procedures in each ContraCting Party and shall come into force on the date of the receipt of the last notification, through diplomatic channels, by the Conhacting Parties confirming the fulfillment of the said procedures.

ln witness whereof, the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto by their respective governments, have signed this Agreement.
Done at......................this day of..... English, all texts being equally authentic.

...1n duplicate, in For the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania For the Government of the Republic of Sierra Leone l9 ,z r' ANNEX Route Schedule (1) 1.
Routes to be operated by the designated airlines of the Republic of Sierra Leone (1) From Any points in Sierra Leone (21 lntermediate Points Any points I (3) To Dar es Salaam Kilimanjaro Zanzibar (4) Beyond Points Any points 2 The designated airtine of the Government of the Republic of Sierra Leone may, on all or any flights, omit calling at any of the points in columns (2) and (4) of this Route Schedule, provided that the agreed services on these routes begin at a point in column (1 ).
Route Sc hedule (2) 1.

Routes to be operated by the designated airline of the designated airlines of the Uniled Republic of Tanzania (1) From Any points in United Republic of T anzania (z',) lntermediate Points Any points (3) lo (4) Beyond Points Any points Any points in the Republic of Sierra Leone 2.
The designated airline of the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania may, on all or any flights, omit calling at any of the points in columns (2) and (4) of this Route Schedule, provided that the agreed services on these routes begin at a point in column (1).

Fifth Fr edom Traffic Riohts (3) -t Exerclse of fifth freedom traffic rights for passengers will be considered by the aeronautical authorities of both Contracting Parties on a case-by-case basis.
Fifth freedom for cargo may be exercised by the designated airlines of Contracting Parties unrestrictedly.

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