Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698750204697.pdf (New Zealand)
Reprint as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 (SR 1982/72) David Beattie, Governor-General Order in Council At the Government Buildings at Wellington this 29th day of March 1982 Present: The Right Hon R D Muldoon presiding in Council Pursuant to section 31 of the Radiation Protection Act 1965, His Ex- cellency the Governor-General, acting by and with the advice and consent of the Executive Council, hereby makes the following regu- lations.
Contents 1 2 Title and commencement Interpretation Page 3 3 Note Changes authorised by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 have been made in this reprint.

A general outline of these changes is set out in the notes at the end of this reprint, together with other explanatory material about this reprint.

These regulations are administered by the Ministry of Health.
1 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Part 1 Transport of radioactive material Transport of radioactive material Part 2 Exemptions Partial exemption of certain radioactive materials Exemption of certain irradiating apparatus Special exemptions for ships and aircraft Special exemptions for licensees and employers of licensees Provision for further exemptions Part 3 General obligations of owners, licensees, and other persons Equipment and supervision Radiation Safety Officers General precautions to be taken by licensee Storage and marking of materials, containers, and places Sealed radioactive materials Disposal of waste products Disposal of containers Registers, records, and returns Access to information Part 4 Particular provisions for protection Exposure to radiation Action to be taken in event of over exposure Measurement of radiation doses Controlled areas Part 5 Radiotherapy and diagnosis Radiotherapy records Restrictions on use of irradiating apparatus in radiotherapy Special precautions to be taken with irradiating apparatus used in radiotherapy Special precautions to be taken with irradiating apparatus used in diagnosis Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 6 Miscellaneous provisions 26 27 28 Forms Fees Revocations Schedule 1 Activities and concentrations of radioactive materials Schedule 2 Labels and warning signs Schedule 3 Exempted articles Regulations r 2 25 25 26 27 33 37 1 (1) (2) 2 (1) Title and commencement These regulations may be cited as the Radiation Protection Regulations 1982.
These regulations shall come into force on 1 April 1982.
Interpretation In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires,— Act means the Radiation Protection Act 1965 activity means the number of nuclear transformations per unit time, expressed in becquerels, occurring in a quantity of a radioactive substance provided that, when the transformation of the nuclei of a ra- dionuclide gives rise to 1 or more further radionuclides, the number of becquerels means those of the first (or parent) ra- dionuclide only approved medical practitioner means a medical practitioner with special knowledge of the effects on the human body of ionising radiation, who has been approved by the Minister, on the advice of the Radiation Protection Advisory Council, for the purpose of conducting medical examinations required by these regulations controlled area means any area so designated under regula- tion 21 3 r 2 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 dose equivalent, in relation to the human body or any speci- fied organ of the human body, means the measure of the effect of ionising radiation on the body or that organ, as defined in Report 33 of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements dose equivalent commitment, in relation to the human body or any specified organ of the body, means the dose equivalent estimated, in accordance with the data provided by the Inter- national Commission on Radiological Protection in the report of its committee II (ICRP Publication 30), to result from intake by the body of a quantity of radioactive substance, having re- gard to the physical and chemical state of such substance and the manner of intake fissile material means plutonium –238, plutonium –239, plu- tonium –241, uranium –233, uranium –235, or any material containing any of the foregoing; but does not include unirra- diated natural uranium or unirradiated depleted uranium half-life means the time in which one-half of the atoms of a given initial quantity of a radionuclide undergo nuclear trans- formation IAEA Transport Regulations means
 the Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Materials, published in 1973 by the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna licensee means a person holding a licence issued under the Act and for the time being in force nuclear transformation means any change that occurs spon- taneously in the nucleus of an atom and that results in the emis- sion of ionising radiation owner includes the administrator (within the meaning of the Administration Act 1969) of the estate of a deceased owner while any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus forms part of that estate quality of the radiation means the measure of the properties of the radiation whereby the following are determined: (a) (b) the ability of the radiation to penetrate matter: the rate of absorption of the energy of the radiation in matter: the resulting biological effectiveness of the radiation (c) 4 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 r 2 radiation output means the intensity of radiation, measured at a point from which an absorbed dose of the radiation may be determined reference dose equivalent means a dose equivalent, received in 1 year, of— (a) 50 millisieverts (mSv) in any part of the body except the hands, forearms, feet, or lower legs; or 500 mSv to the hands, forearms, feet, or lower legs: provided that the dose equivalent received by any other part of the body does not exceed the difference between 50 mSv and 0.06 of the dose equivalent received by the hands, forearms, feet, or lower legs (b) In determining the dose equivalent received in any given period, the dose equivalent commitment arising from con- tamination by any radioactive substance shall be added to the dose equivalent received from external irradiation relative activity means the number found in relation to any given quantity of a radionuclide by dividing the activity of that quantity by the activity shown in the first column of the table in clause 2 of Schedule 1 for the group to
 which the radionuclide belongs as set out in the second column of that table relative concentration, in relation to any given concentration of a radionuclide, means the number found in relation to that concentration of the radionuclide by dividing the concentra- tion of that radionuclide by the concentration shown in the first column of the table in clause 3 of Schedule 1 for the group to which the radionuclide belongs as set out in the second col- umn of that table sealed radioactive material means any encapsulated radio- active material that is intended to be used to provide an ex- ternal radiation field without any release of radioactive sub- stances teletherapy apparatus means an irradiating apparatus per- manently mounted in a room and consisting of a sealed radio- active material shielded in all directions except for an aperture through which a beam of radiation may be allowed to emerge for use in radiotherapy 5 Part 1 r 3 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 (2) X-ray tube means any evacuated vessel in which electrons are accelerated through a potential difference on to matter for the purpose of producing X-rays.
Subject to subclauses (3) and (4), every reference in these regulations to the IAEA Transport Regulations is a reference to those regulations, together with any amendments, in force at the date of the making of these regulations.
(3) Where, after the making of these regulations, the IAEA Trans- port Regulations are amended, or any regulations are made in substitution for those regulations, the Minister may, by notice in the Gazette, adopt that amendment or those substituted regu- lations for the purposes of these regulations, either wholly or in part and either with or without any modifications.
(5) (4) On the publication of any such notice in the Gazette, every ref- erence in these regulations to the IAEA Transport Regulations shall be read subject to the terms of that notice.

Subclauses (2) to (4) shall apply with any necessary modifica- tions to any recommendation, report, or other publication of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Meas- urements or the International Commission on Radiological Protection referred to in these regulations.
Part 1 Transport of radioactive material Transport of radioactive material No person shall transport any radioactive material into New Zealand or through New Zealand, by any means whatever, un- less that radioactive material is packed, labelled, marked, and transported in accordance with the IAEA Transport Regula- tions.
Part 2 Exemptions Partial exemption of certain radioactive materials Subject to subclause (2) and regulations 14(2) and 15, nothing in section 12 or section 13(1) of the Act, or in these regula- 3 4 (1) 6 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 2 r 4 (ii) (ii) (ii) tions, shall apply to the manufacture, production, sale, storage, transport, or use, of any radioactive material that contains— (a) either— (i) a quantity of a radionuclide not exceeding in activity the activity set for radionuclides in the group in which it appears in the table in clause 2 of Schedule 1; or a mixture of radionuclides the sum of the relative activities of which does not exceed 1; or (b) either— (i) a radionuclide at a concentration not exceeding the concentration set for radionuclides in the group in which it appears in the table in clause 3 of Schedule 1; or a mixture of radionuclides the sum of the relative concentrations of which does not exceed 1.
(2) Subclause (1)(a) shall not apply unless— the following conditions exist: (a) (i) the radioactive material, if unpackaged, or the package containing the radioactive material, bears a label as described in clause 2 of Schedule 2; and the radioactive material is not contained in an article the use of which would require it to be carried by any person, or to be at a distance of less than 300 millimetres from any person; or (b) the radioactive material contains a radionuclide, or a mixture of radionuclides, the activity of which does not exceed 0.1 of the activity specified in the said subclause (1)(a) or 3 kilobecquerels, whichever is the greater.
(3) Nothing in section 12 or section 13(1) of the Act, or in these regulations, shall apply to the sale, import, export, storage, transport otherwise than for the purposes of exportation, or use of any article of a kind described in the first column of Schedule 3 of these regulations if and so long as the article conforms with the conditions set out in the second column of that schedule in relation thereto: provided that regulation 14(2) shall apply to the articles de- scribed in Part 2 of that schedule.
7 Part 2 r 5 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 (4) Nothing in section 13(1) of the Act, or in these regulations, shall apply to the use by any person, with the approval of the Director-General and in accordance with any conditions that the Director-General may impose (which may include condi- tions regarding the attachment of labels and for ensuring safe disposal), of an article of a type specified by the Director-Gen- eral, which contains a radioactive material, but which, in the opinion of the Director-General, does not constitute a signifi- cant hazard to any person.
5 Exemption of certain irradiating apparatus Nothing in section 14 or section 15 of the Act, or in these regulations, shall apply to— (a) any irradiating apparatus that does not contain a radio- active material, other than a radioactive material ex- empted by regulation 4, and in which there is no electric potential difference exceeding 5 kilovolts: any television receiver or other high-voltage vacuum- tube visual display device that does not produce exter- nally a dose equivalent rate exceeding 5 microsieverts per hour while operating.
(b) Special exemptions for ships and aircraft 6 (1) Nothing in section 12 or section 13 of the Act, or in these regulations, shall apply to any radioactive material that is part of the equipment or stores of a ship or aircraft belonging to a country other than New Zealand, unless any of the radioactive material is removed from that ship or aircraft in New Zealand, or the radioactive material is— (a) (b) (c) (d) part of a nuclear reactor; or pyrophoric or associated with pyrophoric material; or explosive or associated with explosive material; or a radioactive material that, if transported in accordance with the IAEA Transport Regulations, would require notification to the competent authority; or fissile material that is not exempt from the IAEA Trans- port Regulations.
(e) (2) Nothing in section 12 or section 13 of the Act, or in these regu- lations, shall apply to any radioactive material brought or com- 8 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 2 r 7 ing into New Zealand in any ship or aircraft if the destination of that radioactive material is outside New Zealand and the radioactive material— (a) is transported, while in New Zealand, in accordance with the requirements of the IAEA Transport Regula- tions; and is not removed from the ship or aircraft except for the purpose of being exported from New Zealand on the next available ship or aircraft; and is not a radioactive material coming within any of para- graphs (b) to (e) of subclause (1).
(b) (c) (3) Nothing in section 15 of the Act, or in these regulations, shall apply to any irradiating apparatus that is part of the equipment or stores of any ship or aircraft belonging to a country other than New Zealand and that is not used for the purpose of ir- radiating persons who are not members of the crew of or pas- sengers on that ship or aircraft.
(4) Nothing in section 12 or section 13 or section 15 of the Act, or in these regulations, shall apply to any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus that is on or in any ship or aircraft belonging to the armed forces of a country other than New Zealand.

(5) Nothing in this regulation shall permit the entry into New Zealand of any ship or aircraft if that entry is prohibited by or under any enactment (other than the Act) or in exercise of the prerogative of the Crown.
7 Special exemptions for licensees and employers of licensees (1) Nothing in section 12 of the Act shall apply to the manufacture of radioactive materials by a person by means of an irradiating apparatus that he is licensed to use.
(2) Nothing in section 13 or section 15 of the Act shall apply to any person who uses a radioactive material or an irradiating apparatus only by employing for the purpose a person licensed or otherwise permitted by these regulations to use that radio- active material or irradiating apparatus.
9 Part 2 r 8 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 8 (1) Provision for further exemptions In any case where the Minister, upon application being made to him in writing, is satisfied that strict compliance with these regulations is not possible, or would involve expenditure or hardship out of proportion to the degree of freedom from ra- diation hazard to be achieved by such compliance, he may, on the recommendation of the Council, exempt any particu- lar person from compliance with specified provisions of these regulations, or may modify the requirements of any such spe- cified provision if he is satisfied that adequate freedom from radiation hazards can, and will, otherwise be secured.
(2) Any exemption or modification granted by the Minister in ac- cordance with subclause (1) may be revoked by him at any time on the advice of the Council that the grounds on which the exemption or modification was granted no longer exist, or no longer warrant the granting of the exemption or modifica- tion.
(3) Without restricting subclause (1), the Minister may from time to time, on the recommendation of the Council given on the ground that the form and manner of use of the article to which the recommendation relates sufficiently limits any radiation hazard resulting from that use, by notice in the Gazette, exempt from all or any of the provisions of sections 12 and 13(1) of the Act and from all or any of the provisions of these regulations, either absolutely or subject to such conditions, or in relation to such purpose or use, as may be stated in the notice, any specified article or class of article falling within any of the following descriptions: (a) instruments for measuring or detecting materials, or en- vironmental and other physical conditions, containing radioactive material as a source of ionisation or radi- ation necessary for their operation: devices containing radioactive material for the purpose of ionising a gas: sealed radioactive materials prepared for purposes of instruction or demonstration: devices for the production of light that contain radio- active material as a source of energy.
(b) (c) (d) 10 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 3 r 9 (4) The minister may in like manner, on the recommendation of the Council, revoke any such notice.
9 (1) (2) Part 3 General obligations of owners, licensees, and other persons Equipment and supervision The owner of any radioactive material or any irradiating ap- paratus shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that there is at all times a suitably licensed person responsible for the safe care of the radioactive material or the irradiating apparatus, and shall provide adequate equipment and materials to enable the storage, use, transportation, and disposal of the radioactive material or the irradiating apparatus to be carried out safely.
Every licensee shall be responsible for the safe care of any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus under his con- trol, and shall retain that responsibility until it has been as- sumed by another suitably licensed person in accordance with subclause (1), or until it has been dealt with in accordance with subclause (4), as the case may require.
(4) (a) (b) (3) Any person who employs more than 1 licensee shall either— define clearly their areas of respective responsibility; or if this is not practicable, then appoint one of them to supervise compliance with the requirements of the Act or with these regulations by the other or others.
If there is for the time being, or soon will be, no suitably li- censed person available for the purposes of subclause (1), the owner of the radioactive material or the irradiating apparatus shall— (a) (b) store it to the satisfaction of the Director-General; or in the case of an irradiating apparatus, render it perman- ently inoperative; or in the case of radioactive material, dispose of it in ac- cordance with these regulations— (c) and he shall either store or deliver to the Director-General any records appertaining to that radioactive material or that irradi- ating apparatus, and notify the Director-General of any action taken under this subclause.
11 Part 3 r 10 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 10 (1) (2) Radiation Safety Officers Subject to subclause (3), a licensee may appoint or procure the appointment of a person to be called a Radiation Safety Officer in respect of any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus used by the licensee or in respect of any particular area in which that material or that apparatus may from time to time be.
Every Radiation Safety Officer shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that the requirements of the Act and of any regu- lations made under the Act (including these regulations), and any conditions of the licence held by the licensee appointing him or procuring his appointment are complied with, but with- out limiting the liability of the licensee.
(3) Not more than 1 person shall be appointed to be a Radiation Safety Officer in respect of the same undertaking, the same radioactive materials, or the same irradiating apparatus at any one time or in respect of any one period; but a person may be appointed to be the deputy of a Radiation Safety Officer to the end that the deputy shall exercise the functions of the Radiation Safety Officer on the death or incapacity or during the absence of that Radiation Safety Officer.
General precautions to be taken by licensee Every licensee shall— (a) take all reasonable steps to ensure that every person who uses any radioactive material or any irradiating appar- atus for which the licensee is responsible complies with the provisions of these regulations and with any further condition to which his licence is subject: fully instruct every such person regarding the radiation hazards of his work, and the precautions to be taken in relation thereto: cause copies of the Act, these regulations, and any con- ditions to which his licence is subject to be placed in a position where they may conveniently be read by all such persons: take all reasonable steps to ensure that no person is em- ployed on work with any radioactive material or any ir- radiating apparatus while he is suffering from a mental (b) (c) (d) 11 (1) 12 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 3 r 11 (e) (f) (g) or physical disability that may render him a hazard to himself or others: provide, or procure the provision of, all articles and ma- terials, including adequate structural shielding, neces- sary for the purpose of satisfying the requirements of these regulations: take all reasonable steps to prevent any unauthorised person from tampering with any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus for which he is responsible: take all reasonable steps to prevent the loss, or the re- lease beyond his control, of any radioactive material for which he is responsible, otherwise than in accordance with regulation 14 or the terms of his licence or as per- mitted by the Director-General.
(2) In the event of the loss, or the release beyond the control of the licensee, of any radioactive material, otherwise than in accord- ance with regulation 14 or the terms of his licence or as per- mitted by the Director-General, the licensee shall forthwith— take all reasonable steps to recover the material, to issue (a) such warnings as he considers appropriate, to minimise the radiation dose that any person might receive in con- sequence of that loss or release, and to reduce as far as possible any resulting radioactive contamination; and estimate the dose equivalent that any person might re- ceive in consequence of that loss or release; and either— (i) (b) (c) if he estimates that any such dose equivalent ex- ceeds the reference dose equivalent, as soon as practicable notify the Director-General of that loss or release, of the action he has taken pursuant to paragraph (a) and the result of such action, of his estimate of the dose equivalent received by any person who might have been affected by the loss or release, of any measurements on which such estimate is based, and of any other meas- urements made for the purpose of controlling or evaluating radiation hazards; or if he estimates that no such dose equivalent exceeds the reference dose equivalent, within 7 (ii) 13 Part 3 r 12 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 days of the occurrence of that loss or release, notify the Director-General as aforesaid.
12 (1) (2) (3) 13 (1) Storage and marking of materials, containers, and places Every licensee shall— (a) take all reasonable steps to ensure the safe keeping of any radioactive material for which he is responsible: take all reasonable steps to ensure that any such radio- active material is labelled in accordance with clause 3 of Schedule 2, and that the provisions of subclause (2) of this regulation are complied with: store or procure the storage, in a container of fire re- sistant material, of any such radioactive material that is not in use and that exceeds in quantity 100 000 times the maximum activity specified in regulation 4(1)(a).
(b) (c) Every person who stores any radioactive material in any place shall, whether or not that place is within a controlled area, erect a warning sign or warning signs in accordance with clause 4 of Schedule 2.
Subclause (2) shall not apply if— (a) the radioactive material is packed and labelled in ac- cordance with the IAEA Transport Regulations or, in the case of containers temporarily holding the radio- active material, if the containers are labelled as required by clause 3 of Schedule 2; and the radioactive material is adequately protected against unauthorised removal.
(b) Sealed radioactive materials Every sealed radioactive material encapsulation shall bear identifying marks and, where practicable, information regard- ing the nature and activity of the radioactive material that it contains and the date of manufacture.
(2) A licensee who is responsible for any sealed radioactive ma- terial shall carry out or cause to be carried out tests for leakage of the radioactive contents by methods approved, and at inter- vals specified, by the Director-General, and also at any time, by those methods, if the licensee has reason to believe that 14 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 3 r 14 (3) 14 (1) (2) the container of that radioactive material has been damaged or may be leaking: provided that the licensee need not make such tests if— (a) he believes that to do so would add to the danger pre- sented by any leakage; and he complies with the requirements of subclause (3).
(b) If a licensee who is responsible for any sealed radioactive ma- terial has reason to believe that the container of that radio- active material has been damaged or may be leaking, he shall, after completing any tests undertaken pursuant to subclause (2), forthwith enclose it in an airtight container capable of re- taining the radioactive material concerned, and shall take all practicable steps to remove any radioactive contamination of any place where the radioactive material has been stored or used.
Disposal of waste products Every licensee who uses a radioactive material shall dispose of any waste product resulting from such use in accordance with the conditions specified in the licence in that behalf or, if no such conditions are so specified, as the Director-General may require.
Every person disposing of the waste product of any radioactive material which is exempted from sections 12 and 13(1) of the Act by regulation 4(1) and to which subclause (2)(a) of that regulation applies, shall do so— (a) by burial at least half a metre deep, in accordance with subclause (3), in a supervised public refuse tip, or in a place where the earth is unlikely to be disturbed for a period exceeding 3 times the half-life of the radionu- clide that has the longest half-life of those present in the waste product; or if the waste product is a gas, by breaking or otherwise opening the container to release the gas in the open air at a distance of at least 3 metres from any other person or any building; or if the waste product has previously been diluted with water to a concentration not exceeding that specified in (b) (c) 15 Part 3 r 15 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 (d) regulation 4(1)(b), through the public sewerage system in a form soluble in water; or if the waste product has previously been diluted by inti- mate mixture with inert material to a concentration not exceeding that specified in the said regulation 4(1)(b), by any common method of rubbish disposal.
(4) (3) Any burial pursuant to subclause (1) or subclause (2)(a) shall be directly supervised by the owner of the waste product or the agent of that owner.

If the half-life of any radionuclide contained in any waste product to be disposed of by burial is greater than 1 year, any container enclosing the waste product shall be of a type that will not retain its integrity in the earth for any substantial period of time.
For the purposes of this regulation, waste product includes any radioactive material that is no longer intended to be kept or used.
(5) Disposal of containers 15 (1) No person shall— (a) (b) dispose of any package or container that has contained a radioactive material otherwise than in accordance with regulation 14; or use that package or container for any purpose other than for containing a radioactive material,— unless the activity of radioactive material remaining in that package or container does not exceed 0.1 of the activity spe- cified in regulation 4(1)(a) and unless all warning and other labels indicating that the package or container contains a radio- active material have been effectively obliterated.
(2) Nothing in subclause (1) shall affect or derogate from any pro- vision of the Food and Drug Act 1969 or of any regulation made thereunder.

Registers, records, and returns Every person who has any radioactive material under his con- trol shall keep a record sufficient to ensure that at all times an 16 (1) 16 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 4 r 18 (2) (3) efficient check is maintained on the quantity, nature, and loca- tion of the radioactive material.
In addition to the obligation imposed by subclause (1), every purchaser of radioactive materials shall keep full and accurate records specifying the purposes to which those materials are put, which records shall at all times be open to inspection by any person authorised by the Director-General in that behalf.

Every person who keeps a record under subclause (2) shall retain that record in his possession for a minimum period of 10 years unless the Director-General approves its earlier disposal.
17 (1) Access to information The Director-General may, if he thinks fit, request any infor- mation concerning any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus from the owner of the material or apparatus.

(2) Without limiting subclause (1), the information sought by the Director-General may include details of the type and quantity of the radioactive material held by the owner.
Every person who is requested to supply information under this regulation shall supply such information to the Director- General within 28 days of the date of the request or within such further time as the Director-General may allow.
(3) Part 4 Particular provisions for protection (2) Exposure to radiation 18 (1) No person shall intentionally expose any other person to radi- ation from any radioactive material or an irradiating apparatus except for medical reasons or other purposes authorised by the terms of a licence.
Subject to subclause (3), every person who is for the time be- ing in control of any radioactive material or an irradiating ap- paratus shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that— (a) except in the case of exposure to radiation for therapeu- tic purposes, the dose equivalent received by any person from radiation emanating from the irradiating apparatus or radioactive material is the minimum practicable; and 17 Part 4 r 19 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 (b) except in the case of exposure to radiation for therapeu- tic purposes or for medical diagnostic purposes or as permitted by the terms of a licence, the dose equivalent referred to in paragraph (a) does not exceed— (i) the reference dose equivalent, in the case of per- sons employed to work with such radioactive ma- terial or irradiating apparatus, except that in the case of women of reproductive capacity the dose equivalent shall not exceed one-quarter of the ref- erence dose equivalent in any period of 3 months nor during the period of pregnancy following its diagnosis; or 0.1 of the reference dose equivalent, in the case of other persons.
(ii) (3) 19 (1) If the circumstances are such that sufficient protection cannot reasonably be provided so as to fulfil the requirements of sub- clause (2)(b), the recommendations of the International Com- mission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Publication 26), shall be followed.
Action to be taken in event of over exposure Every person who has reason to believe that any person has been exposed to radiation exceeding that permitted under sub- clause (2), or (where applicable) subclause (3), of regulation 18 shall forthwith report the circumstances to the person who is licensed to use the radioactive material or the irradiating ap- paratus that gave rise to the exposure, or (if unable to do so) to the Director-General.
(2) When a licensee has reason to believe that any person has, in any period of 1 year, received from a radioactive material, or from an irradiating apparatus, for which the licensee is respon- sible irradiation giving a dose equivalent exceeding the ref- erence dose equivalent, he shall forthwith inform that person and the Director-General, and shall supply the Director-Gen- eral with all pertinent information.
(3) When such licensee has reason to believe that the dose equiva- lent referred to in subclause (2) exceeds 10 times the reference dose equivalent, he shall, as soon as he is aware that such ex- posure can be presumed to have occurred, make available to 18 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 4 r 20 (4) that person a medical examination performed by an approved medical practitioner, such examination to be primarily for the detection of any effects that might result from such exposure.
Further medical examination shall be made available to that person at such subsequent times as the approved medical prac- titioner may advise or the Director-General may require.

(5) Where the licensee interprets the relevant radiation dose infor- mation in accordance with the recommendations of the Inter- national Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP Pub- lication 26) the dose equivalent limits as there defined shall be substituted for the reference dose equivalent.
(6) On receipt of the information required under subclause (1) or subclause (2), the Director-General may direct that a medical examination be made available to the person so exposed and the licensee shall forthwith comply with that direction.
(7) Any medical practitioner making an examination pursuant to subclause (3) or subclause (5) shall report the result thereof in writing to the licensee who made the examination available and the person examined, and shall forthwith send a copy of his report to the Director-General.

The Director-General may appoint a competent person to in- vestigate the circumstances under which any over exposure to radiation is thought to have occurred and to make recommen- dations as to the prevention of any recurrence.
(8) (9) Nothing in this regulation shall apply in any case where the dose of radiation— (a) is received as a necessary part of medical treatment or diagnosis; and is permitted by the terms of a licence— (b) and is administered by the person licensed to use the radio- active material or the irradiating apparatus from which the dose is derived, or by a person acting under the instructions of that licensee, in accordance with the terms of the licence.
20 Measurement of radiation doses (1) Every licensee shall ensure that if he, or any other person act- ing under the instruction or supervision of the licensee, uses a radioactive material or an irradiating apparatus under condi- 19 Part 4 r 20 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 tions in which either he or any such other person could receive in any period of 1 year, by absorption of radiation from sources outside the body, a dose equivalent exceeding 0.3 of the ref- erence dose equivalent, any radiation dose received by either of them while engaged in the use of that radioactive material or that irradiating apparatus shall be continuously measured by means of a dosemeter of a type approved by the Director-Gen- eral.
(3) (2) Without limiting subclause (1), every licensee shall, if so required by the Director-General, cause radiation doses re- ceived by himself, or by specified persons working under his instructions or supervision with or in the neighbourhood of any source of radiation, or by persons performing specified work under his instructions or supervision, to be measured at such intervals as may be specified, by means of a dosemeter of a type approved by the Director-General.
Every licensee shall, if so required by the Director-General, ensure that a radiation measuring instrument of a type ap- proved by the Director-General is provided, and used to meas- ure radiation dose rates as often as may be necessary to allow work to be planned so as to satisfy the requirements of sub- clauses (2) and (3) of regulation 18.
Every licensee using unsealed radioactive material, or under whose instructions or supervision any other person uses such material, under conditions in which he or that other person could receive, by inhalation or ingestion of radioactive sub- stances contained in such material, an intake during any period of 1 year that would lead to a dose equivalent commitment ex- ceeding 0.3 of the reference dose equivalent shall ensure that an instrument of a type approved by the Director-General is provided and used to make appropriate measurements of levels of radioactive contamination as often as may be necessary to allow work to be planned and carried out so as to satisfy the requirements of subclauses (2) and (3) of regulation 18.
(5) Without limiting subclause (4), every licensee shall, if so re- quired by the Director-General, ensure that an instrument is provided and used as described in the said subclause (4).

(4) 20 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 4 r 21 (6) (7) 21 (1) Subclause (4) shall not apply when the radioactive contamin- ation that would be required to be measured is of a type for the measurement of which no instrument is reasonably obtainable.
Every person who enters a controlled area shall, before he leaves that area, use the instrument (if any) made available pur- suant to subclause (4) or subclause (5) of this regulation for the purpose of detecting any contamination by a radioactive sub- stance on his hands or other part of his body or his clothing, and shall reduce such contamination to an amount estimated by the licensee to satisfy the requirements of regulation 18.
Controlled areas If a licensee is of the opinion that, by reason of the presence in any place of a radioactive material, or an irradiating appar- atus, for which he is responsible, a hazard to any person arises from— (a) radiation received from a source outside the body of that person; or the possibility of that person ingesting, inhaling, or otherwise absorbing into his body any radioactive substance,— (b) and that it is necessary, for the purposes of regulation 18, that the area in which the hazard exists (being an area in the oc- cupation or otherwise under the control of the licensee or his employer) should become a controlled area, he shall designate that area as a controlled area.
(2) Where any area is designated as a controlled area, the licensee, and any other person who uses any radioactive material or any irradiating apparatus in that area knowing that the area is so designated, shall— (a) ensure that the area is indicated by warning signs in accordance with clause 5 of Schedule 2; and take all reasonable steps to prevent access to the area by any unauthorised person.
(b) (3) (4) Except as provided in section 24 of the Act, no person shall, without the permission of the licensee or a Radiation Safety Officer, enter a controlled area.
Every licensee or Radiation Safety Officer who permits a per- son to enter a controlled area shall ensure that that person is 21 Part 5 r 22 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 fully instructed in respect of the precautions that he must ob- serve while he is within that area, and is provided with suffi- cient protective equipment for the purposes of regulation 18.
Subject to subclause (6), when the circumstances that required an area to be designated as a controlled area cease to exist, the licensee shall arrange for the carrying out of such decontami- nation as may be necessary, and shall cause any warning sign erected in compliance with subclause (2)(a) to be removed.

Subclause (5) shall not apply where it is expected by the li- censee that the circumstances that required the area to be des- ignated as a controlled area will soon recur.
(5) (6) (7) A controlled area shall continue to be a controlled area until all warning signs have been removed therefrom pursuant to subclause (5).
Every licensee manufacturing or using in a controlled area any radioactive material that is not a sealed radioactive material shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that— (a) (8) sufficient protective clothing is provided for, and (when necessary for the purposes of regulation 18) worn by all persons working in the controlled area, and that the clothing is removed when such persons leave that area; and levels of contamination by radioactive substances are maintained as low as is reasonably possible, and in any case low enough to avoid any contravention of regula- tion 18.
(b) Part 5 Radiotherapy and diagnosis Radiotherapy records Every person who is licensed to use radioactive materials or an irradiating apparatus for therapeutic purposes shall keep a record of the application of such radioactive material, or of radiation from such irradiating apparatus, sufficient to show what parts of the body were irradiated, the quality of the ra- diation and magnitude of the radiation dose, and relevant data on which the estimate of radiation dose was based.
22 (1) 22 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 5 r 23 (2) 23 The licensee shall retain every record kept by him under sub- clause (1) for at least 10 years.
Restrictions on use of irradiating apparatus in radiotherapy (1) No person shall use an irradiating apparatus to administer any beam of radiation for therapeutic purposes to a human being unless the radiation output and the quality of the radiation pro- duced by the particular arrangement and adjustment of the ap- paratus have been determined by a method approved by the Director-General.
For the purpose of subclause (1), the expression the particular arrangement and adjustment of the apparatus means— (a) where the source is a radioactive material, any combin- ation of source, filter, and source-surface distance; or (2) (b) where the source is an X-ray tube, any combination of tube, tube voltage, tube current, filter, and source-sur- face distance; or where the source is any other form of irradiating appar- atus, the corresponding parameters.
(c) (3) The determination of radiation output and the quality of the radiation required under subclause (1) shall be repeated at such intervals as the Director-General may require.
(4) No person shall use a radiation measuring instrument for the (c) purposes of this regulation unless— (a) (b) it is of a type approved by the Director-General; and it has been checked for accuracy by a person approved by the Director-General for that purpose; and since that check, regular checks have been made that demonstrate that it has retained its accuracy.
(5) No person shall use any timer in connection with radiation beam therapy unless it complies with subclause (4), and is found to be accurate to within 1% for times greater than 100 seconds, and to within 1 second for shorter times.

(6) No person shall use an irradiating apparatus to administer any beam of radiation for therapeutic purposes to another person unless the delivered radiation dose is within 5% of the pre- scribed radiation dose.
23 Part 5 r 24 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 24 (1) Special precautions to be taken with irradiating apparatus used in radiotherapy Every person using an irradiating apparatus to administer any beam of radiation for therapeutic purposes to another person shall keep that other person and that apparatus under constant supervision.
(2) No person shall use an irradiating apparatus for any such treat- ment unless— (a) the exposure is controlled by an automatic device that ends the exposure after a predetermined time or pre- determined radiation dose and that has been regularly checked by the person licensed to use the apparatus; and a warning device of a type approved by the Director- General is provided on the control panel of the appar- atus plainly indicating whether or not a beam of radi- ation is emerging from the apparatus.
(b) (3) Where an irradiating apparatus generates X-rays using a tube voltage exceeding 150 kV, or is an accelerator of subatomic particles, or is a teletherapy apparatus, a warning device as required by subclause (2)(b) shall be placed at the entrance to the room in which it is used and an interlock system shall be installed so that when any door into the room is open the beam control mechanism automatically shuts off the beam.
The interlock system shall operate in such a way that it shall not be possible to obtain a beam from the apparatus after it has been automatically shut off except by means of a control at the control panel.
(4) Special precautions to be taken with irradiating apparatus used in diagnosis No person shall use an irradiating apparatus for any diagnos- tic purpose unless it is fitted with such means of restricting the direction and size of the radiation beam as will ensure that the minimum practicable area of the person examined is irradi- ated, and is fitted with a filter such as will reduce the radiation dose to that area to the minimum consistent with obtaining the diagnostic information required.
25 24 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Part 6 r 27 26 27 (1) (2) Part 6 Miscellaneous provisions Forms Forms for applications, licences, registers, notices, and other documents required for the purposes of the Act, or of these regulations, may from time to time be prescribed by the Dir- ector-General.
Fees For the purposes of this regulation,— (a) (b) (ii) a licence is a simple licence if, and only if, it is a licence of one of the following kinds: (i) a licence for therapeutic purposes, issued subject to a restriction to use for superficial therapy only: a licence for chiropractic diagnostic purposes, dental diagnostic purposes, podiatric diagnostic purposes, or veterinary diagnostic purposes: a licence for the purposes of pathology tests: (iii) a licence is a complex licence if, and only if, it is not a simple licence, and is a licence of one of the following kinds: (i) (ii) (iii) a licence for diagnostic purposes: a licence for therapeutic purposes: a licence for the purposes of research on human beings: a licence for the purposes of medical physics: a licence for the purposes of research involving the use of a particle accelerator.
(iv) (v) Every application for the issue or renewal of a licence under the Act must be accompanied by— (a) a fee of— (i) (ii) $190, in the case of a simple licence: $225, in the case of a licence that is neither a simple licence nor a complex licence: (iii) $300, in the case of a complex licence; and if, in the Director-General’s opinion, it is likely that the application will be referred to the Radiation Protection Advisory Council under section 16(3) of the Act, a fur- ther fee of $180.
(b) 25 Part 6 r 28 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 (3) The Director-General must refund the further fee if the licence or renewal is granted or refused without the application’s hav- ing been referred to the Radiation Protection Advisory Coun- cil.

(4) An application for the issue or renewal of a licence must not be dealt with until the applicant has paid the prescribed fee or fees.
(5) No fee is payable in respect of— (a) (b) an application for the issue of a licence to use a radio- active material for any purpose, made by the holder of a licence to use any radioactive material for any purpose; or an application for the issue of a licence to use an irradi- ating apparatus for any purpose, made by the holder of a licence to use any irradiating apparatus for any purpose.

The fees prescribed by this regulation are inclusive of goods and services tax.
Regulation 27: substituted, on 1 January 1999, by regulation 2 of the Radiation Protection Amendment Regulations 1998 (SR 1998/354).

Revocations The Radiation Protection Regulations 1973 (SR 1973/48), the Radiation Protection Regulations 1973, Amendment No 1 (SR 1974/318), and the Transport of Radioactive Materials Regu- lations 1973 (SR 1973/51) are hereby revoked.
(6) 28 26 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 1 Schedule 1 Activities and concentrations of radioactive materials rr 2, 4 Interpretation 1 (1) One becquerel is an activity of 1 transformation per second.

(2) For the purposes of these regulations, when the transformation of the atoms of a radionuclide gives rise to another radionu- clide, the activity is measured by the rate of transformation of the first or “parent” radionuclide only.
The classification of any radionuclide may, if it is not shown in clause 2 or clause 3, be obtained on application to the Director of the National Radiation Laboratory.
(3) 2 Groups of radionuclides in relation to activities The groups of radionuclides referred to in paragraph (a) of regulation 4(1), and the corresponding activities are those set out in the following table: Activity referred to in regulation 4(1)(a) Radionuclides (listed by symbols) 3 kilobecquerels 10 kilobecquerels Ra–226, Ra–228, Ac–227, Th–228, Th–230, Th–232, Pa–231, U–232, Np–237, Pu–238, Pu–239, Pu–240, Pu–242, Pu–244, Am–241, Am–242m, Am–243, Cm–242, Cm–244, Cf–252 Nd–144, Sm–147, Pb–210, U–233, U–234, U–235, U–236, U–238, Pu–241 27 Schedule 1 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Activity referred to in regulation 4(1)(a) Radionuclides (listed by symbols) P–32, Ti–44, Rb–86, Sr–89, Sr–90, Y–91, Ru–106, Cd–115m, In–114m, Sn–125, Te–129m, Ce–144, Po–208, Po–210, Ra–223, Th–227, Th–234, U–230 K–40, As–76, Y–90, Sb–122, Sb–124, Te–132, I–129, I–131, Ba–140, Dy–166, Rn–222, Ra–224 Na–22, Na–24, K–42, Ca–47, Sc–46, V–48, Mn–52, Fe–59, Co–60, Ga–67, As–74, Y–88, Zr–95, Mo–99, Ag–110m, Cd–115, Te–131m, Cs–134, Cs–136, Cs–137, Ba–133, La–140, Ce–143, Eu–152B, Eu–154, Tb–160, Ho–166, Tm–170, Ta–182, Re–188, Os–185, Ir–192, Au–195, Bi–206, Bi–207, Bi–210, Pa–230 30 kilobecquerels 100 kilobecquerels 300 kilobecquerels 28 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 1 Activity referred to in regulation 4(1)(a) Radionuclides (listed by symbols) 1 megabecquerel 3 megabecquerels Cl–36, Sc–48, Mn–54, Co–56, Co–58, Zn–65, Ga–72, As–73, Se–75 Br–82, Kr–85, Sr–85, Y–87, Nb–95, Tc–96, Ru–103, Ag–105, Ag–111, Sn–113, In–115, Sb–125, Te–127m, I–126, La–138, La–140, Ce–141, Pr–143, Nd–147, Pm–149, Yb–164, Lu–176, Hf–181, W–181, Re–183, Re–186, Os–193, Ir–190, Pt–193m, Pt–193, Au–196, Au–198, Tl–202, Tl–204, Th–231 Ca–45, Sc–47, Cr–51, Mn–56, Co–57, Ge–71, As–77, Rb–87, Zr–93, Tc–97, Tc–97m, Tc–99, Ru–97, Pd–103, Cd–109, In–111, Sn–119m, Te–125m, I–125, Xe–133, Cs–131, Ba–131, Pm–147, Sm–151, Sm–153, Eu–155, Yb–169, Yb–175, Lu–177, W–185, Os–191, Pt–191, Au–199,
 Hg–197m, Hg–197, Hg–203, Tl–200, Tl–201, Pb–203, Pa–233, Np–239 29 Schedule 1 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Activity referred to in regulation 4(1)(a) Radionuclides (listed by symbols) 10 megabecquerels 30 megabecquerels 100 megabecquerels 300 megabecquerels 1 gigabecquerel 300 gigabecquerels Be–7, C–14, Fe–55, Ni–63, I–132, Xe–131m, Cs–135, Gd–153, Er–169, Tm–171, Rh–105 F–18, P–33, S–35, Ni–59, Nb–93, I–123, Re–187 Cu–64, Sr–87m, Tc–99m In–113m H–3 Ar–37 3 Groups of radionuclides in relation to concentration The groups of radionuclides referred to in paragraph (b) of regulation 4(1) and the corresponding concentrations, are those set out in the following table: Concentration referred to in regulation 4(1)(b) Radionuclides (listed by symbols) 100 kilobecquerels per kilogram Na–22, Sc–46, Ti–44, V–48, Mn–52, Mn–54, Fe–59, Co–56, Co–58, Co–60, Zn–65, Y–88, Zr–95, Ag–110m, In–111, In–113m, Sb–124, Cs–134, Cs–136, Cs–137, Ba–133, Ba–140, La–138, La–140, Sm–147, Eu–152, Eu–154, Tb–160, Yb–169, Lu–176, Ta–182, Os–185, Ir–192, Pb–210, Bi–206, Bi–207, Po–208, Ra–226, Ra–228, Ac–227, Th–228, Th–230, Th–232, Pa–231, U–232, U–233, U–234, U–235, U–236, 30 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 1 Concentration referred to in regulation 4(1)(b) 300 kilobecquerels per kilogram 1 megabecquerel per kilogram 3 megabecquerels per kilogram Radionuclides (listed by symbols) U–238, Np–237, Pu–238, Pu–239, Pu–240, Pu–241, Pu–242, Pu–244, Am–241, Am–242m, Am–243 Na–24, K–40, Ca–47, Sc–48, Co–57, Ga–67, Ga–72, As–74, Se–75, Br–82, Sr–85, Sr–90, Y–87, Nb–95, Tc–96, Ru–106, Ag–105, Sn–113, Te–131m, Te–132, I–126, I–129, Ba–131, Ce–144, Hf–181, Re–183, Ir–190, Pt–193, Au–195, Hg–203, Tl–202, Po–210, Rn–222, Ra–223, Ra–224, Th–227, U–230 Mn–56, Rb–86, Y–91, In–114m, Sn–119m, Sb–122, Sb–125, Te–129m, I–131, I–132, Eu–155, Gd–153, Yb–164, W–181, Au–196, Au–198, Tl–200, Tl–204, Pb–203, Th–234, Pa–230 Be–7, F–18, P–32,
 Cl–36, K–42, Sc–47, Cr–51, Cu–64, As–76, Kr–85, Sr–89, Y–90, Mo–99, Ru–97, Ru–103, Cd–109, Cd–115, Cd–115m, Sn–125, Te–125m, Te–127m, I–125, Cs–131, Ce–141, Ce–143, Nd–147, Dy–166, Tm–170, Os–191, Pt–191, Au–199, Tl–201, Bi–210, Np–239 31 Schedule 1 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Concentration referred to in regulation 4(1)(b) Radionuclides (listed by symbols) 10 megabecquerels per kilogram 30 megabecquerels per kilogram Ca–45, As–73, Tc–97, Tc–99, Tc–99m, Rh–105, Ag–111, I–123, Xe–131m, Xe–133, Pr–143, Pm–149, Sm–153, Ho–166, Yb–175, W–185, Re–186, Re–188, Os–193, Hg–197, Hg–197m, Pa–233 C–14, P–33, Ni–63, As–77, Zr–93, Nb–93m, Tc–97m, Pd–103, Cs–135, Pm–147, Sm–151, Er–169, Tm–171, Lu–177 100 megabecquerels per kilogram S–35, Fe–55, Ni–59, Sr–87m, Pt–193m, Th–231 300 megabecquerels per kilogram Ar–37, Ge–71 3 gigabecquerels per kilogram H–3 32 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 2 Schedule 2 Labels and warning signs rr 4, 12, 21 1 (1) Radiation warning symbol In this schedule radiation warning symbol means the symbol set out below, subject to such variations as to colour and size as are hereinafter permitted.
This is the internationally accepted symbol used to indicate the presence of ionising radiation and radioactive material.

The areas shown here as black are also sometimes coloured ma- genta or purple, and any of the three colourings are accept- able under these regulations except for the labels described in 33 Schedule 2 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 (2) 2 (1) clause 2, for which black must be used.
The symbol may be made any size by varying the size of the units of length indi- cated in the diagram, one unit being one-twentieth of the re- quired diameter.

Subject to the particular requirements of clauses 2, 3, and 4, a radiation warning symbol may be of any size, each unit of length shown in the symbol set out in subclause (1) being one- twentieth of the required diameter.
Labelling of radioactive materials to which regulation 4 applies The label required by regulation 4(2)(a)(i) shall bear the ra- diation warning symbol in black on a white background and, subject to subclause (2) of this clause, it shall have an outer diameter of at least 20 mm.
It shall also bear: (a) the words “RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL” in letters not less than 3 mm high; and the words “Exempt from Radiation Protection legisla- tion except for labelling and manner of disposal when discarded” in letters large enough to be easily legible; and a statement of the nature and activity of the radioactive material and the date on which the activity was that so specified.
(b) (c) (2) Where the outer container is not large enough to bear a label as required by subclause (1), the size of the label may be reduced, but the outer container shall be large enough to bear a label of dimensions one-half of those required by subclause (1).
Labelling of containers generally Every container, in which radioactive material (other than radioactive material to which regulation 4 applies) is stored or used, shall bear a clearly visible label on each of two opposite sides consisting of the radiation warning symbol, with an outside diameter of not less than 40 mm, together with the words, in lettering at least 5 mm high, “CAUTION—RADIO- ACTIVE MATERIAL”.
Each such container shall also bear a clearly legible label stating the kind of radioactive material in the container, and its activity at a stated time.

The colouring 3 (1) 34 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 2 of the radiation warning symbol shall be black, magenta, or purple, on a yellow background.

If any container of radio- active material is not large enough to bear such a label, it shall be stored in an outer container which bears such a label.
(2) Nothing in subclause (1) shall apply to containers temporarily holding radioactive materials during laboratory procedures if the area is marked as required by clause 4 or clause 5, as the case may require.
4 5 6 Warning signs generally The warning sign required by subclause (2) of regulation 12 shall be erected at each entrance or door or other point of access to the place in which the radioactive material is stored or used so that it is clearly visible to any person before he can gain access to the radioactive material.

The sign shall bear the radiation warning symbol with an overall diameter of not less than 100 mm.

Its colour shall be black, magenta, or purple, on a yellow background.
The sign shall also bear the words “CAUTION—RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL” in letters at least 5 mm high.

Warning signs in controlled areas At any entrance to, or door of, or other point of access to, a controlled area a sign must be erected in such a manner that it is clearly visible to any person entering or attempting to enter that controlled area.

The sign must bear the radiation warn- ing symbol with an overall diameter not less than 100 mm and must be black, magenta, or purple, on a yellow back- ground.
The sign must bear in letters not less than 5 mm high the wording “CAUTION—CONTROLLED AREA” and the words “ENTRY PROHIBITED EXCEPT WITH THE AU- THORITY OF (Name or Names of Licensee/Radiation Safety Officer)”.
Saving of obligations of licensee, etc Nothing in the preceding provisions of this schedule shall op- erate to relieve a licensee, owner, or other person using or pos- sessing a radioactive material or an irradiating apparatus from any obligation imposed on him by these regulations or other- 35 Schedule 2 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 wise by law to give such warnings and advice to any person as will assist that person to avoid or limit his exposure to ra- diation.
36 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 3 Schedule 3 Exempted articles Part 1 r 4(3) Description of article Conditions of exemption 1 2 or Clocks, watches, and other instruments containing lu- minous material activated by radium–226, prome- nickel–63, thium–147, hydro- carbon–14, gen–3, of activity not ex- ceeding twice the activity shown in the first column of the table in clause 2 of Schedule 1 for the group in which the radionuclide appears in the second col- umn of that table.
Clocks, watches, and other instruments not intended to be used for domestic purposes or to be worn or carried on any part of the body, otherwise than for special purposes likely to involve such wearing or carriage for no more than 1 000 hours in any year, and containing lu- minous material activated by radium–226, prome- thium–147, nickel–63, hydro- carbon–14, gen–3, of activity not ex- ceeding 15 times the activ- ity shown in the first col- umn of the table in clause 2 of Schedule 1 for the group or 1 radioactive mater- The shall be effectively ial covered to prevent acci- dental ingestion or inhala- tion.
2(a) The (b) radioactive mater- ial shall be effectively covered to prevent acci- dental ingestion or inhala- tion.

The instrument shall be prominently and durably marked, on the dial or ex- ternally, with the symbol for the radionuclide, or for the element of which that radionuclide is an isotope, and with an indication of the activity present.
37 Schedule 3 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Description of article Conditions of exemption in which the radionuclide appears in the second col- umn of that table.
detecting Smoke fire alarms and other atmos- contaminant de- pheric any tectors containing alpha-emitting radionu- clide of activity not more than 100 times the activity shown in the first column of the table in clause 2 of Schedule 1 for the group in which the radionuclide appears in the second col- umn of that table.
3 38 (b) prevents 3(a) The radioactive material shall be in a form which its effectively dispersal, and shall be mounted in such a manner that it is not readily acces- sible without dismantling the apparatus.
The device shall bear a durable label containing the radiation warning sym- in clause 1 bol set out of Schedule 2, in black on a white background and with an overall di- ameter of not less than 20 mm, together with the words, in letters not less than 3 mm high, “CON- TAINS RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL—DO NOT DISMANTLE”, or other adequate warning which has been approved by the Director-General.
The device is accompan- ied by written instructions, which have been approved by the Director-General, in regard to the care, safe use, and ultimate means of dis- posal, of the radioactive material.
(c) Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Schedule 3 Part 2 Description of article Conditions of exemption 1 2 3 1 2 3 electron and Ionisation capture detectors for use chromatography in gas and similar equipment, containing not more than 500 megabecquerels of Nickel–63 or 10 gigabec- querels of Hydrogen–3 (Tritium).
Luminous devices acti- vated by Hydrogen–3 (Tri- tium) in the form of elem- entary hydrogen gas with not more than 1 gigabec- querel in any other chem- ical form and of total ac- tivity not exceeding 100 gigabecquerels.

Uranium metal of natural isotopic composition, or depleted in Uranium–235, which is used as radiation shielding, either in trans- port packages for radio- active materials or in any other manner.
That part of the detector containing the radioactive material shall bear a label as described in clause 2 of Schedule 2.

The device is accompan- ied by written instructions, which have been approved by the Director-General, in regard to the care, safe use, and ultimate means of dis- posal, of the radioactive material.
The uranium metal shall be completely clad in a sheath of metal which is not radio- active and which will ef- fectively protect the ura- nium metal from mechan- ical or chemical damage in its intended use.

P G Millen, Clerk of the Executive Council.

Issued under the authority of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989.

39 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Date of notification in Gazette: 1 April 1982.
40 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Notes Contents 1 2 3 4 General Status of reprints How reprints are prepared Changes made under section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 List of amendments incorporated in this reprint (most recent first) 5 Notes 1 2 3 General This is a reprint of the Radiation Protection Regulations 1982.
The reprint incorporates all the amendments to the regulations as at 1 January 1999, as specified in the list of amendments at the end of these notes.

Relevant provisions of any amending enactments that contain transitional, savings, or application provisions that cannot be compiled in the reprint are also included, after the principal enactment, in chronological order.

For more information, see http://www.pco.parliament.govt.nz/reprints/.
Status of reprints Under section 16D of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989, reprints are presumed to correctly state, as at the date of the reprint, the law enacted by the principal enactment and by the amendments to that enactment.

This presumption applies even though editorial changes authorised by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 have been made in the reprint.
This presumption may be rebutted by producing the official volumes of statutes or statutory regulations in which the prin- cipal enactment and its amendments are contained.

How reprints are prepared A number of editorial conventions are followed in the prep- aration of reprints.

For example, the enacting words are not included in Acts, and provisions that are repealed or revoked 41 Notes Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 are omitted.
For a detailed list of the editorial conventions, see http://www.pco.parliament.govt.nz/editorial-conventions/ or Part 8 of the Tables of New Zealand Acts and Ordinances and Statutory Regulations and Deemed Regulations in Force.
Changes made under section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 Section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 authorises the making of editorial changes in a reprint as set out in sections 17D and 17E of that Act so that, to the extent permitted, the format and style of the reprinted enactment is consistent with current legislative drafting practice.

Changes that would alter the effect of the legislation are not permitted.
A new format of legislation was introduced on 1 January 2000.

Changes to legislative drafting style have also been made since 1997, and are ongoing.

To the extent permitted by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989, all legisla- tion reprinted after 1 January 2000 is in the new format for legislation and reflects current drafting practice at the time of the reprint.
In outline, the editorial changes made in reprints under the au- thority of section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 are set out below, and they have been applied, where relevant, in the preparation of this reprint: • omission of unnecessary referential words (such as “of this section” and “of this Act”) typeface and type size (Times Roman, generally in 11.5 point) layout of provisions, including: • • indentation position of section headings (eg, the number and heading now appear above the section) format of definitions (eg, the defined term now appears in bold type, without quotation marks) format of dates (eg, a date formerly expressed as “the 1st day of January 1999” is now expressed as “1 January 1999”) • • • • 4 42 Reprinted as at 1 January 1999 Radiation Protection Regulations 1982 Notes • • • • • • • position of the date of assent (it now appears on the front page of each Act) punctuation (eg, colons are not used after definitions) Parts numbered with roman numerals are replaced with arabic numerals, and all cross-references are changed accordingly case and appearance of letters and words, including: • format of headings (eg, headings where each word formerly appeared with an initial cap- ital letter followed by small capital letters are amended so that the heading appears in bold, with only the first word (and any proper nouns) appearing with an initial capital letter) small capital letters in section and subsection ref- erences are now capital letters • schedules are renumbered (eg, Schedule 1 replaces First Schedule), and all cross-references are changed accord- ingly running heads (the information that appears at the top of each page) format of two-column schedules of consequential amendments, and schedules of repeals (eg, they are rearranged into alphabetical order, rather than chrono- logical).
List of amendments incorporated in this reprint (most recent first) Radiation Protection Amendment Regulations 1998 (SR 1998/354) 5 12 Wellington, New Zealand: Published under the authority of the New Zealand Government—2011 43