Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698142394430.pdf (South Africa)
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY WRITTEN REPLY QUESTION 1204 INTERNAL QUESTION PAPER [No 12-2023 SIXTH PARLIAMENT] DATE OF PUBLICATION: 31 MARCH 2023 1204.
Mr N P Masipa (DA) to ask the Minister of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development: (1) (2) (3) Based on her department’s update on 24 October 2022 regarding the foot-and-mouth disease vaccination programme in which it was stated that vaccination campaigns run continuously in the affected provinces, what (a) evidence are the decisions based on to conduct the vaccination campaigns, (b)(i) vaccines and (ii) dosages were used in each case and (c) is the percentage of animals that were vaccinated; whether the vaccination was repeated; if not, what is the position in this regard; if so, how often; whether the vaccines were matched with strains of different events; if not, why not; if so, what (a) is the evidence in this regard and (b) were the outcomes?
NW1345E THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE, LAND REFORM AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: (1)(a) Decisions to conduct the vaccination campaigns are based on: - Where positive locations are well managed; fenced-in properties; - Where there is no direct contact with animals on neighbouring farms, only the animals on the positive properties are vaccinated; and - Where positive locations are communal areas, that are not separated by fences from other animals, then cattle in the surrounding area are also vaccinated (either based on natural geographic boundaries or large roads or based on shared grazing/water sources or set distances).
(b)(i) The vaccine used in all cases is Aftovaxpur.

(ii) More than 600 000 animals were vaccinated i.e.

one dose per animal.

(c) On well-fenced properties, 100% of cattle are vaccinated.

In communal areas, vaccination coverage is difficult to determine, but in most cases 80% coverage is reached.

(2) Where animals are intended for slaughter, only one vaccination was done.

Where animals are intended to be kept long term, a second vaccination was done.
If cattle are in a permanent FMD Protection Zone with vaccination, they are vaccinated 3 times a year on a continuous basis.

(3) South African Territories (SAT) FMD viruses, which cause the outbreaks in the region, are generally stable viruses.

The vaccine does not necessarily need to be matched every time before animals are vaccinated.
(a)(b) The different virus strains contained in the Aftovaxpur vaccine are ones that have been shown to cause a wide spectrum of protection against most SAT viruses circulating in the region, so the vaccine matching is good.