Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698750607749.pdf (New Zealand)
Reprint as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 (SR 1992/150) These Regulations were revoked, as from 31 March 2005, by regulation 8(1) Building (Forms) Regu- lations 2004 (SR 2004/385).

See regulation 8(2)(a) of those Regulations as to regulation 3 and Sched- ule 1 of these Regulations continuing in force.

PURSUANT to the Building Act 1991, Her Excellency the Governor-General, acting by and with the advice and consent of the Executive Council, hereby makes the fol- lowing regulations.
3 Building code Contents Schedule 1 The building code Page 1 2 Building code In accordance with Part 6 of the Act, the Building code shall be the building code set out in Schedule 1 to these regulations.
Except as otherwise provided by the Act, each building shall achieve the per- formance criteria specified in the building code for the classified use of that building, and, if the building has more than one classified use, any part of it used for more than one classified use shall achieve the performance criteria for each such classified use.
The classified use or uses of a building or part of a building shall be the ones that most closely correspond to the intended use or uses of that building or part of that building.

3 (1) (2) (3) Note Changes authorised by section 17C of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989 have been made in this eprint.

A general outline of these changes is set out in the notes at the end of this eprint, together with other explana- tory material about this eprint.
These regulations are administered in the Department of Internal Affairs.

1 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 These Regulations were revoked, as from 31 March 2005, by regulation 8(1) Building (Forms) Regu- lations 2004 (SR 2004/385).

See regulation 8(2)(a) of those Regulations as to regulation 3 and Sched- ule 1 of these Regulations continuing in force.
Schedule 1 The building code These Regulations were revoked, as from 31 March 2005, by regulation 8(1) Building (Forms) Regu- lations 2004 (SR 2004/385).

See regulation 8(2)(a) of those Regulations as to regulation 3 and Sched- ule 1 of these Regulations continuing in force.
Table of Contents Structure Durability Classified uses Interpretation GENERAL PROVISIONS A1 A2 STABILITY B1 B2 FIRE SAFETY C1 C2 C3 C4 ACCESS D1 D2 MOISTURE E1 E2 E3 SAFETY OF USERS F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 SERVICES AND FACILITIES Personal hygiene G1 Surface water External moisture Internal moisture 2 Outbreak of fire Means of escape Spread of fire Structural stability during fire Access routes Mechanical installations for access Hazardous agents on site Hazardous building materials Hazardous substances and processes Safety from falling Construction and demolition hazards Visibility in escape routes Warning systems Signs Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Laundering Food preparation and prevention of contamination Ventilation Interior environment Airborne and impact sound Natural light Artificial light Electricity Piped services Gas as an energy source Water supplies Foul water Industrial liquid waste Solid waste G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14 G15 ENERGY EFFICIENCY H1 Energy efficiency Clause A1—Classified Uses 1.0 EXPLANATION 1.0.1 For the purposes of this building code buildings are classified according to type, under seven categories.
1.0.2 A building with a given classified use may have one or more intended uses as defined in the Act.

2.0 HOUSING 2.0.1 Applies to buildings or use where there is self care and service (internal man- agement).

There are three types: 2.0.2 Detached Dwellings Applies to a building or use where a group of people live as a single household or family.

Examples: a holiday cottage, boarding house accommodating fewer than 6 people, dwelling or hut.
2.0.3 Multi-unit Dwelling Applies to a building or use which contains more than one separate household or fam- ily.

Examples: an attached dwelling, flat or multi-unit apartment.

2.0.4 Group Dwelling Applies to a building or use where groups of people live as one large extended family.

Examples: within a commune or marae.


3.0 COMMUNAL RESIDENTIAL 3 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 3.0.1 Applies to buildings or use where assistance or care is extended to the principal users.

There are two types: 3.0.2 Community Service Applies to a residential building or use where limited assistance or care is extended to the principal users.
Examples: a boarding house, hall of residence, holiday cabin, hostel, hotel, motel, nurses’ home, retirement village, time-share accommodation, a work camp, or camping ground.

3.0.3 Community Care Applies to a residential building or use where a large degree of assistance or care is extended to the principal users.

There are two types: (a) Unrestrained; where the principal users are free to come and go.

Examples: a hospital, an old people’s home or a health camp.
(b) Restrained; where the principal users are legally or physically constrained in their movements.

Examples: a borstal or drug rehabilitation centre, an old people’s home where sub- stantial care is extended, a prison or hospital.

4.0 COMMUNAL NON-RESIDENTIAL 4.0.1 Applies to a building or use being a meeting place for people where care and service is provided by people other than the principal users.
There are two types: 4.0.2 Assembly Service Applies to a building or use where limited care and service is provided.

Examples: a church, cinema, clubroom, hall, museum, public swimming pool, stadium, theatre, or whare runanga (the assembly house).

4.0.3 Assembly Care Applies to a building or use where a large degree of care and service is provided.

Examples: an early childhood centre, college, day care institution, centre for handi- capped persons, kindergarten, school or university.
5.0 COMMERCIAL 5.0.1 Applies to a building or use in which any natural resources, goods, services or money are either developed, sold, exchanged or stored.
Examples: an amusement park, auction room, bank, car-park, catering facility, coffee bar, computer centre, fire station, funeral parlour, hairdresser, library, office (commercial or government), police station, post office, public laundry, radio station, restaurant, service station, shop, showroom, storage facility, television station or transport terminal.
6.0 INDUSTRIAL 6.0.1 Applies to a building or use where people use material and physical effort to: extract or convert natural resources, produce goods or energy from natural or converted resources, repair goods, or (a) (b) (c) 4 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 (d) store goods (ensuing from the industrial process).

Examples: an agricultural building, agricultural processing facility, aircraft hanger, factory, power station, sewage treatment works, warehouse or utility.
7.0 OUTBUILDINGS 7.0.1 Applies to a building or use which may be included within each classified use but are not intended for human habitation, and are accessory to the principal use of associated buildings.

Examples: a carport, farm building, garage, greenhouse, machi- nery room, private swimming pool, public toilet, or shed.
8.0 ANCILLARY 8.0.1 Applies to a building or use not for human habitation and which may be exemp- ted from some amenity provisions, but which are required to comply with structural and safety-related aspects of the building code.

Examples: a bridge, derrick, fence, free standing outdoor fireplace, jetty, mast, path, platform, pylon, retaining wall, tank, tunnel or dam.
CLAUSE A2—INTERPRETATION In this building code unless the context otherwise requires, words shall have the meanings given under this Clause.

Meanings given in the Building Act 1991 apply equally to the building code.

Access route A continuous route that permits people and goods to move between the apron or construction edge of the building to spaces within a building, and between spaces within a building.

Accessible Having features to permit use by people with disabilities.
Accessible route An access route usable by people with disabilities.

It shall be a con- tinuous route that can be negotiated unaided by a wheelchair user.

The route shall extend from street boundary or carparking area to those spaces within the building required to be accessible to enable people with disabilities to carry out normal activ- ities and processes within the building.

Adjacent building A nearby building including an adjoining building, whether or not erected on other property.
Adequate means Adequate to achieve the objectives of the building code.

Alter, in relation to a building, includes to rebuild, re-erect, repair, enlarge and extend; and alteration has a corresponding meaning.
Allotment has the meaning ascribed to it by section 4 of the Act as follows: meaning of allotment— (1) In this Act, the term allotment means any parcel of land that is a continuous area of land and whose boundaries are shown on a survey plan that is: (a) Subject to the Land Transfer Act 1952 and is comprised in one certifi- cate of title or for which one certificate of title could be issued under that Act; or 5 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 (b) Not subject to that Act and was acquired by its owner under one instru- ment of conveyance.
(2) For the purpose of subsection (1) of this section, the subdivision shown on the survey plan referred to in that subsection is: (a) The subdivision approved by way of a subdivision consent granted under the Resource Management Act 1991; or (b) The subdivision allowed or granted under any other Act.
(3) For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, and allotment shall be deemed to be a continuous area of land notwithstanding that part of it is physic- ally separated from any other part by a road or in any other manner whatsoever, unless the division of the allotment into such parts has been allowed by a sub- division consent granted under the Resource Management Act 1991 or a sub- division approval under any former enactment relating to the subdivision of land.
Amenity means an attribute of a building which contributes to the health, physical independence, and well being of the building’s users but which is not associated with disease or a specific illness.
approved temperature data means the temperature data contained in A I Tomlinson and J Sansom, Temperature Normals for New Zealand for the period 1961 to 1990 (NIWA, ISBN 0478083343) Building has the meaning ascribed to it by section 3 of the Act as follows meaning of building— (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, the term building means any temporary or permanent movable or immovable structure (including any struc- ture intended for occupation by people, animals, machinery, or chattels); and includes any mechanical, electrical, or other systems, and any utility systems, attached to and forming part of the structure whose proper operation is neces- sary for compliance with the building code; but does not include: (a) (b) (c) Systems owned or operated by a network utility operator for the purpose of reticulation of other property; or Cranes, including any cranes as defined in any regulations in force under the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992; or Cablecars, cableways, ski tows, and other similar stand alone machinery systems, whether or not incorporated within any other structure; or (d) Any description of vessel, boat, ferry, or craft used in navigation, whether or not it has any means of propulsion, and regardless of that means; nor does it include— (i) A barge, lighter, or other like vessel: 6 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 (ii) A hovercraft or other thing deriving full or partial support in the atmosphere from the reactions of air against the surface of the water over which it operates: (iii) A submarine or other thing used in navigation while totally sub- merged; or (e) Vehicles and motor vehicles (including vehicles and motor vehicles as defined in section 2(1) of the Transport Act 1962 and section 2(1) of the Transport (Vehicle and Driver Registration and Licensing) Act 1986), but not including vehicles and motor vehicles, whether movable or immovable, which are used exclusively for permanent or long-term resi- dential purposes; or (ea) Aircraft, including any machine that can derive support in the atmos- phere from the reactions of the air otherwise than by the reactions of the air against the surface of the earth; or (f) Containers as defined in section 2 of the Dangerous Goods Act 1974; or (g) Magazines as defined in section 2 of the Explosives Act 1957; or (h) (i) Scaffolding used in the course of the construction process; or Falsework used in the course of the construction process.
(2) For the purposes of Part 9 of this Act, a building consent, a code compliance certificate, and a compliance schedule the term building also includes— (a) Any part of a building; and (b) Any 2 or more buildings which, on completion of any building work, are intended to be managed as 1 building with a common use and a common set of ownership arrangements.
(3) For the purposes of subclause (2) of this definition, where any utility system or any part of any utility system— (a) (b) is external to the building; and Is also connected to or is intended to be connected to— (i) (ii) A network under the control of a network utility operator; or Some other facility which is able to provide for the successful functioning of the utility system in accordance with its intended design— that utility system or that part of the utility system shall be deemed to be part of a building.
(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of subclause (3) of this definition, where a sep- tic tank is connected to a building utility system the septic tank shall be deemed to form part of that building utility system.

First Schedule, clause A2, definition of building, paras (b) and (d) were substituted, and paragraph (ea) was inserted, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 3(1) Building Regulations 1992, Amend- ment No 1 (SR 1994/263).
Subclause (2) was amended by inserting the words “Part 9 of this Act,”, 7 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 subclause (3) was amended by substituting the words “subclause (2) of this definition” for the words “subsection (2) of this section”, and subclause (4) was amended by substituting the words “subclause (3) of this definition” for the words “subsection (3) of this section”.
Building certifier means a person approved as a building certifier by the Authority under Part 7 of the Act.

Building code means the building code made under Part 6 of the Act.

Building consent means a consent to carry out building work granted by a territorial authority under Part 5 of the Act; and includes all conditions to which the consent is subject.

Building element Any structural or non-structural component and assembly incorpor- ated into or associated with a building.
Included are fixtures, services, drains, perman- ent mechanical installations for access, glazing, partitions, ceilings and temporary supports.

Building height The vertical distance between the floor level of the lowest final exit from the building; and the highest floor level containing or supporting any purpose group other than IE, IA or ID, or penthouses used to enclose stairways, liftshafts or machinery rooms located on or within the roof.
building performance index (BPI), in relation to a building, means the heating energy of the building divided by the product of the heating degrees total and the sum of the floor area and the total wall area, and so is calculated in accordance with the following formula BPI = heating energy heating degrees total x (floor area + total wall area) Building work Work for or in connection with the construction, alteration, demoli- tion, or removal of a building; and includes sitework.
climate zone 1 means— (a) all areas that at the close of 30 October 2007 were within the district of one of the following territorial authorities: (i) Far North District Council: (ii) Whangarei District Council: (iii) Kaipara District Council: (iv) Rodney District Council: (v) Auckland City Council: (vi) North Shore City Council: (vii) Waitakere City Council: (viii) Manukau City Council: (ix) (x) Papakura District Council: Franklin District Council: (xi) Thames-Coromandel District Council; and 8 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 (b) (c) all areas in those islands situated in the South Pacific Ocean lying between the 177th and 180th degrees of west longitude and between the 29th and 32nd par- allels of south latitude, commonly known as the Kermadec Group; and all areas in other land territories, islands, and islets lying north of the 42nd par- allel of south latitude and within the internal waters of New Zealand (as defined by section 4 of the Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, and Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1977) climate zone 2 means all areas that at the close of 30 October 2007— (a) were in any land territories, islands, and islets lying within the internal waters of New Zealand (as defined by section 4 of the Territorial Sea, Contiguous Zone, and Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1977); and (b) did not fall within climate zone 1 or climate zone 3 climate zone 3 means— (a) all areas in the North Island that at the close of 30 October 2007 were within the districts of one of the following territorial authorities: (i) (ii) Taupo District Council: Ruapehu District Council; and (b) (c) (d) all areas north of 39°50′ south latitude that at the close of 30 October 2007 were within the district of the Rangitikei District Council; and all areas in the South Island; and the Chatham Islands, Stewart Island, and all other land territories, islands, and islets lying between the 162nd degree of east longitude and the 173rd degree of west longitude and between the 42nd and 53rd parallels of south latitude Code compliance certificate means a certificate to that effect issued by a territorial authority or a building certifier pursuant to section 43 of the Act.
Combustion appliance A slow combustion stove, a free standing metal cone fire- place, a cast iron pot belly stove, an oil burning space heater, or a vented gas burning heater.

Compliance schedule means a compliance schedule issued under section 44 of the Act.

Concealed space Any part of the space within a building that cannot be seen from an occupied space.

Construct In relation to a building, includes to build, erect, prefabricate, and relocate; and construction has a corresponding meaning.
Contaminant has the meaning ascribed to it by the Resource Management Act 1991. cool location means a location in New Zealand where the degree-day total is 920 or more 9 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 cool location: this definition was inserted as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 3(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119).
degree-day, in relation to any location on any day,— (a) (b) if a base temperature of 15°C is greater than the mean of the maximum and minimum outdoor temperatures at that location on that day, means the number of degrees Celsius by which that base temperature is greater than that mean: if a base temperature of 15°C is not greater than the mean of the maximum and minimum outdoor temperatures at that location on that day, means 0 Schedule 1, clause A2, of the original definition of Degree-day was inserted, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 3(2)(d) Building Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263).
degree-day: this definition was substituted as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 3(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119).
degree-day total, in relation to any location, means the sum of the degree-days for that location for the period of 1 May to 31 August, as derived from Average Degree- day Tables—Selected NZ Stations (Miscellaneous Publication 159, 1978 of the New Zealand Meteorological Service) degree-day total: this definition was inserted as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 3(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119).
Drain A pipe normally laid below ground level including fittings and equipment and intended to convey foul water or surface water to an outfall.

Electrical fixed appliance An electrical appliance which is fixed-wired to the elec- trical installation, or intended to remain permanently attached and form part of the building.
Electrical installation Any electrical fixed appliances, and components used in the reticulation of electricity, which are intended to remain permanently attached to and form part of the building.

Electrical supply system The source of electricity external to the electrical installa- tion.
Escape route A continuous unobstructed route from any occupied space in a building to a final exit to enable occupants to reach a safe place, and shall comprise one or more of the following: open paths, protected paths and safe paths.

Essential service In the context of an electrical installation means emergency light- ing, firemen’s lifts, alarms, water pumps, sprinklers, detectors, ventilation systems and public address systems necessary for the safety of people in buildings.
Estimated value The value of building work shall be the aggregate of the values, determined in accordance with section 10 of the Goods and Services Tax Act 1985, of all goods and services to be supplied for that building work.

Evacuation time The time taken by the occupants of the building to evacuate the building to a final exit.

Exitway All parts of an escape route protected by fire or smoke separations, or by distance when exposed to open air, and terminating at a final exit.
10 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 External wall Any exterior face of a building within 30° of vertical, consisting of pri- mary and/or secondary elements intended to provide protection against the outdoor environment, but which may also contain unprotected areas.

Final exit The point at which an escape route terminates by giving direct access to a safe place.
Fire The state of combustion during which flammable materials burn producing heat, toxic gases, or smoke or flame or any combination of these.

Firecell Any space including a group of contiguous spaces on the same or different levels within a building, which is enclosed by any combination of fire separations, external walls, roofs, and floors.
Fire hazard means the danger in terms of potential harm and degree of exposure aris- ing from the start and spread of fire and the smoke and gases that are thereby gener- ated.

Fire intensity The rate release of calorific energy in watts, determined either theoreti- cally or empirically, as applicable.
Fire load The sum of the net calorific values of the combustible contents which can reasonably be expected to burn within a firecell, including furnishings, built-in and removable materials, and building elements.

The calorific values shall be determined at the ambient moisture content or humidity.

(The unit of measurement is MJ).

Fire resisting closure A fire rated device or assembly for closing an opening through a fire separation.
It shall have a FRR of no less than that required for the fire separ- ation.

Fire resistance rating (FRR) The term used to classify fire resistance of primary and secondary elements as determined in the standard test for fire resistance, or in accord- ance with a specific calculation method verified by experimental data from standard fire resistance tests.
It comprises three numbers giving the time in minutes for which each of the criteria stability, integrity and insulation are satisfied, and is presented always in that order.

Fire safety system The combination of all methods used in a building to warn people of an emergency, provide for safe evacuation, and restrict the spread of fire, and includes both active and passive protection.
Fire separation Any building element which separates firecells or firecells and safe paths, and provides a specific fire resistance rating.

Fixture An article intended to remain permanently attached to and form part of a building.

floor area, in relation to a building, means the floor area (expressed in square metres) of all interior spaces used for activities normally associated with domestic living Foul water The discharge from any sanitary fixtures or sanitary appliances.
11 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Foul water drainage system Drains joints and fittings normally laid underground and used specifically for the conveyance of water from the plumbing system to an outfall.
Habitable space A space used for activities normally associated with domestic liv- ing, but excludes any bathroom, laundry, water-closet, pantry, walk-in wardrobe, cor- ridor, hallway, lobby, clothes-drying room, or other space of a specialised nature occupied neither frequently nor for extended periods.

Handrail A rail to provide both support to, or assist with the movement of a person.

Hazardous Creating an unreasonable risk to people of bodily injury or deterioration of health.
Hazardous substance Has the meaning ascribed to it by the Fire Service Act 1975. heating degrees, in relation to a location and a heating month, means the degrees obtained by subtracting from a base temperature of 14°C the mean (calculated using the approved temperature data) of the outdoor temperatures at that location during that month heating degrees total, in relation to a location and a year, means whichever is the greater of the following (a) (b) the value of 12; and the sum of all the heating degrees (calculated using the approved temperature data) for all of the heating months of the year heating energy, in relation to a building, means the energy from a network utility operator or a depletable resource (expressed in kilowatt-hours, and calculated using the Building Research Association of New Zealand’s ALF 3, The “Annual Loss Fac- tor Method”, A design tool for energy efficient houses (3rd edition, April 2000) or some other method that can be correlated with that manual) needed to maintain the building at all times within a year at a constant internal temperature under the follow- ing standard conditions (a) (b) (c) a continuous temperature of 20°C throughout the building: an air change rate of 1 change per hour or the actual air leakage rate, whichever is the greater: a heat emission contribution arising from internal heat sources for any period in the year of 1000 kilowatt-hours for the first 50 m2 of floor area, and 10 kilo- watt-hours for every additional square metre of floor area: (d) no allowance for— (i) (ii) carpets; or blinds, curtains, or drapes, on windows: (e) windows to have a shading coefficient of 0.6 (made up of 0.8 for windows and recesses and 0.75 for site shading) 12 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 heating month, in relation to a location, means a month in which a base temperature of 14°C is greater than the mean (calculated using the approved temperature data) of the outdoor temperatures at that location during that month Household unit means any building or group of buildings, or part of any building or group of buildings, used or intended to be used solely or principally for residential purposes and occupied or intended to be occupied exclusively as the home or resi- dence of not more than one household; but does not include a hostel or boardinghouse or other specialised accommodation.
Illuminance The luminous flux falling onto a unit area of surface.

Impact insulation class (IIC) A single number rating derived from measured values of normalised sound pressure impact levels in accordance with Method ASTM E492, Annex A1 Laboratory Measurement of Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor- Ceiling Assemblies Using the Tapping Machine.

It provides an estimate of the impact sound insulating performance of a floor-ceiling assembly.

Impervious That which does not allow the passage of moisture.
Insulation In the context of fire protection, the time in minutes for which a prototype specimen of a fire separation, when subjected to the standard test for fire resistance, has limited the transmission of heat through the specimen.

Integrity In the context of fire protection, the time in minutes for which a prototype specimen of a fire separation, when subjected to the standard test for fire resistance, has prevented the passage of flame or hot gases.
Intended use of a building includes— (a) Any reasonably foreseeable occasional other use that is not incompatible with the intended use; and (b) Normal maintenance; and (c) Activities taken in response to fire or any other reasonably foreseeable emer- gency—but does not include any other maintenance and repairs or rebuilding.
Network utility operator means a person who— (a) (b) (c) (d) Undertakes the distribution or transmission by pipeline of natural or manufac- tured gas, petroleum, or geothermal energy; or is an electricity operator or an electricity distributor as defined by section 2(1) of the Electricity Act 1992 for the purposes of any works as defined by that Act; or Undertakes the piped distribution of potable water for supply; or Is the operator of a sewerage system or a stormwater drainage system.
network utility operator: paragraph (b) of this definition was substituted, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 3(3) Building Amendment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119).

Occupied space Any space within a building in which a person will be present from time to time during the intended use of the building.
13 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 old measure building performance index, in relation to a building, means the energy from a network utility operator or a depletable resource (measured in kilowatt- hours per square metre of floor area and per degree-day, and calculated using the Building Research Association of New Zealand’s Annual Loss Factor Design Manual 1990 or some other method that can be correlated with that manual) needed to main- tain the building at a constant internal temperature for the period from 1 May to the close of 31 August under the following standard conditions (a) (b) (c) a continuous temperature of 20°C throughout the building: an air change rate of 1 change per hour or the actual air leakage rate, whichever is the greater: a heat emission contribution arising from internal heat sources for that period of 1000 kilowatt-hours for the first 50 m2 of floor area, and 10 kilowatt-hours for every additional square metre of floor area: (d) no allowance for— (i) (ii) carpets; or blinds, curtains, or drapes, on windows: (e) windows to have a shading coefficient of 0.6 (made up of 0.8 for windows and recesses and 0.75 for site shading) Open path That part of an escape route (including dead ends) not protected by fire or smoke separations, and which terminates at a final exit or exitway.
Other property means any land or buildings or part thereof which are— (a) Not held under the same allotment; or (b) Not held under the same ownership— and includes any road.

Outdoor air Air as typically comprising by volume.

(i) oxygen 20.94 percent (ii) car- bon dioxide 0.03 percent (iii) nitrogen and other inert gases 79.03 percent Outfall That part of the disposal system receiving surface water or foul water from the drainage system.

For foul water the outfall may include a sewer or a septic tank.
For surface water, the outfall may include a natural water course, kerb and channel, or soakage system.

People with disabilities People whose ability to use buildings is affected by mental, physical, hearing or sight impairment.

Plumbing system Pipes, joints and fittings laid above ground and used for the con- veyance of foul water to the foul water drain, and includes vent pipes.
Protected path That portion of an exitway within a firecell which is protected from the effects of smoke by smoke separations.

Principal user A member of the primary group for which a building was constructed, and therefore explicitly excludes persons or groups of persons providing care or con- trol of that principal user group.
14 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Purpose group The classification of spaces within a building according to the activ- ity for which the spaces are used.
reasonably visible, in relation to a specified feature, and for the purposes of Clause F6, means that the specified feature is visible to a person who— (a) (b) is 10 metres from it, or the greatest distance from it that it is possible to go in the open space surrounding it, whichever is the lesser; and has sight that is not defective, or is corrected (for example, by an optical appli- ance).
reasonably visible: this definition was inserted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).

risk group A, for the purposes of performance F6.3.4 and performance F6.3.5, means buildings— (a) whose occupants are required to remain in the building until the main lighting system is restored; or (b) whose evacuation time is longer than 90 minutes.
risk group A: this definition was inserted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(2) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).

risk group B, for the purposes of performance F6.3.4 and performance F6.3.5, means buildings— (a) whose evacuation time is 30 minutes or longer but not longer than 90 minutes; or (b) whose occupant load is more than 1 000. risk group B: this definition was inserted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(2) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).
risk group C, for the purposes of performance F6.3.4, means buildings not in risk group A or risk group B. risk group C: this definition was inserted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(2) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).

Safe path That part of an exitway which is protected from the effects of fire by fire separations, external walls or by distance when exposed to open air.
Safe place A place of safety in the vicinity of a building, from which people may safely disperse after escaping the effects of a fire.

It may be a place such as a street, open space, public space or an adjacent building.

Sanitary appliance An appliance which is intended to be used for sanitation, but which is not a sanitary fixture.

Included are machines for washing dishes and clothes.

Sanitary fixture Any fixture which is intended to be used for sanitation.
Sanitation The term used to describe the activities of washing and/or excretion car- ried out in a manner or condition such that the effect on health is minimised, with regard to dirt and infection.

15 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Sewer A drain that is under the control of, or maintained by, a network utility oper- ator.
Sitework means work on a building site, including earthworks, preparatory to or associated with the construction, alteration, demolition, or removal of a building.

Smoke separation Any vertical, horizontal or inclined building element with known smoke-stopping or smoke-leakage characteristics.

Sound transmission Class (STC) A single number rating derived from measured values of transmission loss in accordance with classification ASTM E413, Determin- ation of Sound Transmission Class.
It provides an estimate of the performance of a partition in certain common sound insulation situations.

specified features, for the purposes of Clause F6, means the following (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) building elements that may act as obstructions: safety features required under clauses of this code other than Clause F6 (for example, handrails required under Clause D1): changes in direction: stairs and ramps: escape doors: entries to a safe place.
specified features: this definition was inserted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).

Specified intended life has the meaning ascribed to it by subsection (2), of section 39 of the Act as follows: “Specified intended life”, in relation to a building, means the period of time, as stated in an application for a building consent or in the consent itself, for which the building is proposed to be used for its intended use.
Stability In the context of fire protection, the time in minutes for which a prototype specimen of a primary element, when subjected to the standard test for fire resistance, has continued to carry its fire design load without failure.

Standard year For the purposes of determining natural lighting, the hours between 8am and 5pm each day with an allowance being made for daylight saving.
Surface water All naturally occurring water, other than sub-surface water, which results from rainfall on the site or water flowing onto the site, including that flowing from a drain, stream, river, lake or sea.

Territorial authority has the meaning ascribed to it by section 2 of the Local Gov- ernment Act 1974; and includes any organisation which is authorised to permit struc- tures pursuant to section 12(1)(b) of the Resource Management Act 1991.
Thermal resistance The resistance to heat flow of a given component of a building element.

It is equal to the air temperature difference (°C) needed to produce unit heat flux (W/m2) through unit area (m2) under steady conditions.

The units are °Cm2/W.


16 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Thermal resistance: this definition was amended as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 3(4) Building Amendment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by inserting the word “air” before the word “temperature”.
total wall area, in relation to a building, means the sum (expressed in square metres) of the following (a) (b) the wall area of the building; and the area (expressed in square metres) of all vertical glazing in external walls of the building Travel distance The length of the escape route as a whole or the individual lengths of its parts, namely: (a) open paths; (b) protected paths; and (c) safe paths.
Unprotected area In relation to an external wall of a building means (a) Any part of the external wall which has less than the required FRR.

For example, a non fire rated window, door or other opening, or sheet metal.

(b) Any part of the external wall which has combustible material more than 1.0mm thick attached or applied to its external face, whether for cladding or any other purpose.
wall area, in relation to a building, means the area (expressed in square metres) of internally exposed external walls, including any door openings, of the building warm location means a location in New Zealand where the degree-day total is less than 920. warm location: this definition was inserted as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 3(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119).

Water main A water supply pipe that is under the control of, or maintained by a net- work utility operator.
Water supply system Pipes, fittings and tanks used or intended to be used for the storage and reticulation of water from a water main or other water source, to sanitary fixtures, sanitary appliances and fittings within a building.
Schedule 1, clause A2, the definition of water supply system was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 3(2)(e) and (f) Building Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the words “intended to be” for the words “intended tube”, and by substituting the words “within a building” for the words “with a building”.

Schedule 1 clause A2 approved temperature data: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
Schedule 1 clause A2 building performance index: revoked, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(1) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 building performance index (BPI): inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regula- tion 4(1) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 climate zone 1: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
Schedule 1 clause A2 climate zone 2: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 climate zone 3: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
17 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Schedule 1 clause A2 floor area: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 heating degrees: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
Schedule 1 clause A2 heating degrees total: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 heating energy: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 heating month: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
Schedule 1 clause A2 old measure building performance index: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 total wall area: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Build- ing Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause A2 wall area: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 4(2) of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
CLAUSE B1—STRUCTURE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE B1.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury caused by structural failure, (b) Safeguard people from loss of amenity caused by structural behaviour, and (c) Protect other property from physical damage caused by structural failure.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT B1.2 Buildings, building elements and sitework shall withstand the combination of loads that they are likely to experience during construction or alteration and throughout their lives.

PERFORMANCE B1.3.1 Buildings, building elements and sitework shall have a low probability of rupturing, becoming unstable, losing equilibrium, or collapsing during construction or alteration and throughout their lives.
B1.3.2 Buildings, building elements and sitework shall have a low probability of causing loss of amenity through undue deformation, vibratory response, degradation, or other physical characteristics throughout their lives, 18 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application or during construction or alteration when the building is in use.
B1.3.3 Account shall be taken of all physical conditions likely to affect the stability of buildings, building elements and sitework, including: (a) Self-weight, (b) Imposed gravity loads arising from use, (c) Temperature, (d) Earth pressure, (e) Water and other liquids, (f) Earthquake, (g) Snow, (h) Wind, (i) Fire, (j) Impact, (k) Explosion, (l) Reversing or fluctuating effects, (m) Differential movement, (n) Vegetation, (o) Adverse effects due to insufficient separation from other buildings, (p) Influence of equipment, services, non- structural elements and contents, (q) Time dependent effects including creep and shrinkage, and (r) Removal of support.
B1.3.4 Due allowance shall be made for: (a) The consequences of failure, (b) The intended use of the building, (c) Effects of uncertainties resulting from construction activities, or the sequence in which construction activities occur, (d) Variation in the properties of materials and the characteristics of the site, and (e) Accuracy limitations inherent in the methods used to predict the stability of buildings.
19 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application B1.3.5 The demolition of buildings shall be carried out in a way that avoids the likelihood of premature collapse.

B1.3.6 Sitework, where necessary, shall be carried out to: (a) Provide stability for construction on the site, and (b) Avoid the likelihood of damage to other property.
B1.3.7 Any sitework and associated supports shall take account of the effects of: (a) Changes in ground water level, (b) Water, weather and vegetation, and (c) Ground loss and slumping.

Clause B2—DURABILITY Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE B2.1 The objective of this provision is to ensure that a building will throughout its life continue to satisfy the other objectives of this code.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT B2.2 Building materials, components and construction methods shall be sufficiently durable to ensure that the building, without reconstruction or major renovation, satisfies the other functional requirements of this code throughout the life of the building.
PERFORMANCE B2.3.1 Building elements must, with only normal maintenance, continue to satisfy the performance requirements of this code for the lesser of the specified intended life of the building, if stated, or: (a) The life of the building, being not less than 50 years, if: 20 Performance B2.3.1 applies from the time of issue of the applicable code compliance certificate.
Building elements are not required to satisfy a durability performance which exceeds the specified intended life of the building Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (i) Those building elements (including floors, walls, and fixings) provide structural stability to the building or (ii) Those building elements are difficult to access or replace or (iii) Failure of those building elements to comply with the building code would go undetected during both normal use and maintenance of the building (b) 15 years if: (i) Those building elements (including the building envelope, exposed plumbing in the subfloor space, and in-built chimneys and flues) are moderately difficult to access or replace, or (ii) Failure of those building elements to comply with the building code would go undetected during normal use of the building, but would be easily detected during normal maintenance.
(c) 5 years if: (i) The building elements (including services, linings, renewable protective coatings, and fixtures) are easy to access and replace, and (ii) Failure of those building elements to comply with the building code would be easily detected during normal use of the building.
B2.3.2 Individual building elements which are components of a building system and are difficult to access or replace must either: (a) All have the same durability, or (b) Be installed in a manner that permits the replacement of building elements of lesser durability without removing building elements that have greater durability and are not specifically designed for removal and replacement.
Clause B2.3 Schedule was substituted, as from 11 September 1997, by regulation 2 Building Amend- ment Regulations 1997 (SR 1997/156).

Clause C1—OUTBREAK OF FIRE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE 21 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application C1.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness caused by fire.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT C1.2 In buildings fixed appliances using the controlled combustion of solid, liquid or gaseous fuel, shall be installed in a way which reduces the likelihood of fire.

PERFORMANCE C1.3.1 Fixed appliances and services shall be installed so as to avoid the accumulation of gases within the installation and in building spaces, where heat or ignition could cause uncontrolled combustion or explosion.
C1.3.2 Fixed appliances shall be installed in a manner that does not raise the temperature of any building element by heat transfer or concentration to a level that would adversely affect its physical or mechanical properties or function.

Clause C2—MEANS OF ESCAPE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE C2.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury or illness from a fire while escaping to a safe place, and (b) Facilitate fire rescue operations.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT C2.2 Buildings shall be provided with means of escape from fire which: (a) Give people adequate time to reach a safe place without being overcome by the effects of fire, and (b) Give fire service personnel adequate time to undertake rescue operations.
PERFORMANCE C2.3.1 The number of open paths available to each person escaping to an exitway or final exit shall be appropriate to: 22 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (a) The travel distance.

(b) The number of occupants, (c) The fire hazard, and (d) The fire safety systems installed in the firecell.
C2.3.2 The number of exitways or final exits available to each person shall be appropriate to: (a) The open path travel distance, (b) The building height, (c) The number of occupants, (d) The fire hazard, and (e) The fire safety systems installed in the building.
C2.3.3 Escape routes shall be: (a) Of adequate size for the number of occupants, (b) Free of obstruction in the direction of escape, (c) Of length appropriate to the mobility of the people using them, (d) Resistant to the spread of fire as required by Clause C3 Spread of Fire, (e) Easy to find as required by Clause F8 Signs, (f) Provided with systems for visibility during failure of the main lighting, as required by Clause F6 “Visibility in escape routes”, and (g) Easy and safe to use as required by Clause D1.3.3 Access Routes.
Performance C2.3.3(b) must not prevent a door that forms part of an escape route from being locked if the person who locks it is satisfied that no one is in that part of the building served by the escape route and that no one is likely to enter that part of the building, except in an emergency, without unlocking that door.
Clause C2.2 was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(1) Building Amendment Regula- tions 2001 (SR 2001/374), by substituting the words “means of escape from fire” for the words “escape routes”.
Clause C2.3.3(b) was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by inserting, adjacent to clause C2.3.3(b) in the column headed “Limits on application”, the words “Performance C2.3.3(b) must not prevent a door that forms part 23 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 of an escape route from being locked if the person who locks it is satisfied that no one is in that part of the building served by the escape route and that no one is likely to enter that part of the building, except in an emergency, without unlocking that door.” Clause C2.3.3(f) was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(3) Building Amendment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).
Clause C3—SPREAD OF FIRE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE C3.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury or illness when evacuating a building during fire.

(b) Provide protection to fire service personnel during firefighting operations.

(c) Protect adjacent household units, other residential units, and other property from the effects of fire.

(d) Safeguard the environment from adverse effects of fire.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT C3.2 Buildings shall be provided with safeguards against fire spread so that: (a) Occupants have time to escape to a safe place without being overcome by the effects of fire, (b) Firefighters may undertake rescue operations and protect property, (c) Adjacent household units, other residential units, and other property are protected from damage, and (d) Significant quantities of hazardous substances are not released to the environment during fire.
PERFORMANCE C3.3.1 Interior surface finishes on walls, floors, ceilings and suspended building elements, shall resist the spread of fire and limit the generation of toxic gases, smoke and heat, to a degree appropriate to: (a) The travel distance, (b) The number of occupants, 24 Requirement C3.2(d) applies only to buildings where significant quantities of hazardous substances are stored or processed.
Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (c) The fire hazard, and (d) The active fire safety systems installed in the building.

C3.3.2 Fire separations shall be provided within buildings to avoid the spread of fire and smoke to: (a) Other firecells, (b) Spaces intended for sleeping, and (c) Household units within the same building or adjacent buildings.

(d) other property.
(d) other property.

C3.3.3 Fire separations shall: (a) Where openings occur, be provided with fire resisting closures to maintain the integrity of the fire separations for an adequate time, and (b) Where penetrations occur, maintain the fire resistance rating of the fire separation.

C3.3.4 Concealed spaces and cavities within buildings shall be sealed and subdivided where necessary to inhibit the unseen spread of fire and smoke.
C3.3.5 External walls and roofs shall have resistance to the spread of fire, appropriate to the fire load within the building and to the proximity of other household units, other residential units, and other property.
C3.3.6 Automatic fire suppression systems shall be installed where people would otherwise be: (a) Unlikely to reach a safe place in adequate time because of the number of storeys in the building, (b) Required to remain within the building without proceeding directly to a final exit, or where the evacuation time is excessive, (c) Unlikely to reach a safe place due to confinement under institutional care because of mental or physical disability, illness or legal Performance C3.3.2(b) does not apply to Detached Dwellings or within household units of Multi-unit Dwellings.
Performance C3.3.4 shall not apply to Detached Dwellings.

25 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions detention, and the evacuation time is excessive, or (d) At high risk due to the fire load and fire hazard within the building C3.3.7 Air conditioning and mechanical ventilation systems shall be constructed to avoid circulation of smoke and fire between firecells.
C3.3.8 Where an automatic smoke control system is installed, it shall be constructed to: (a) Avoid the spread of fire and smoke between firecells, and (b) Protect escape routes from smoke until the occupants have reached a safe place.

C3.3.9 The fire safety systems installed shall facilitate the specific needs of fire service personnel to: (a) Carry out rescue operations, and (b) Control the spread of fire.
C3.3.10 Environmental protection systems shall ensure a low probability of hazardous substances being released to: (a) Soils, vegetation or natural waters, (b) The atmosphere, and (c) Sewers or public drains.

Limits on application Performance C3.3.10 applies only to buildings where significant quantities of hazardous substances are stored or processed.
Clause C3.1(c) was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(3) Building Amendment Regulations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by inserting after the words “household units”, the words “, other residential units,”.

Clause C3.2(c) was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(4) Building Amendment Regulations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by inserting after the words “household units”, the words “, other residential units,”.
Clause C3.3.2 was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(5) Building Amendment Regu- lations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by adding the following paragraph: “(d) other property.” and repealing, adjacent to clause C3.3.2 in the column headed “Limits on application”, the words “Performance C3.3.2 shall not apply to Detached Dwellings, or within household units of Multi-unit Dwellings.” and inserting, adjacent to clause C3.3.2(b) in the column headed “Limits on application”, the words “Performance C3.3.2(b) does not apply to Detached Dwellings or within household units of Multi- unit Dwellings.” Clause C3.3.5 was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(6) Building Amendment Regu- lations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by inserting after the words “household units”, the words “, other resi- dential units,”.
26 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Clause C4—STRUCTURAL STABILITY DURING FIRE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE C4.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury due to loss of structural stability during fire, and (b) Protect household units and other property from damage due to structural instability caused by fire.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT C4.2 Buildings shall be constructed to maintain structural stability during fire to: (a) Allow people adequate time to evacuate safely, (b) Allow fire service personnel adequate time to undertake rescue and firefighting operations, and (c) Avoid collapse and consequential damage to adjacent household units or other property.
PERFORMANCE C4.3.1 Structural elements of buildings shall have fire resistance appropriate to the function of the elements, the fire load, the fire intensity, the fire hazard, the height of the buildings and the fire control facilities external to and within them.

C4.3.2 Structural elements shall have a fire resistance of no less than that of any element to which they provide support within the same firecell.
C4.3.3 Collapse of elements having lesser fire resistance shall not cause the consequential collapse of elements required to have a higher fire resistance.
Clause D1—ACCESS ROUTES Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE D1.1 The objective of this provision is: (a) Safeguard people from injury during movement into, within and out of buildings, 27 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Limits on application Objective D1.1(c) shall apply only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.

Requirement D1.2.1 shall not apply to Ancillary buildings or Outbuildings.
Performance D1.3.2 shall not apply to Housing, Outbuildings Ancillary buildings, and to Industrial buildings where no more than 10 people are employed.

Provisions (b) Safeguard people from injury resulting from the movement of vehicles into, within and out of buildings, and (c) Ensure that people with disabilities are able to enter and carry out normal activities and functions within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT D1.2.1 Buildings shall be provided with reasonable and adequate access to enable safe and easy movement of people.

D1.2.2 Where a building is provided with loading or parking spaces, they shall be constructed to permit safe and easy unloading and movement of vehicles, and to avoid conflict between vehicles and pedestrians.
PERFORMANCE D1.3.1 Access routes shall enable people to: (a) Safely and easily approach the main entrance of buildings from the apron or construction edge of a building, (b) Enter buildings, (c) Move into spaces within buildings by such means as corridors, doors, stairs, ramps and lifts, (d) Manoeuvre and park cars, and (e) Manoeuvre and park delivery vehicles required to use the loading space.
D1.3.2 At least one access route shall have features to enable people with disabilities to: (a) Approach the building from the street boundary or, where required to be provided, the building car park, (b) Have access to the internal space served by the principal access, and (c) Have access to and within those spaces where they may be expected to work or visit, or which contain facilities for personal hygiene as required by Clause G1 Personal Hygiene.
28 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application D1.3.3 Access routes shall: (a) Have adequate activity space, (b) Be free from dangerous obstructions and from any projections likely to cause an obstruction, (c) Have a safe cross fall, and safe slope in the direction of travel, (d) Have adequate slip-resistant walking surfaces under all conditions of normal use, (e) Include stairs to allow access to upper floors irrespective of whether an escalator or lift has been provided, (f) Have stair treads, and ladder treads or rungs which: (i) provide adequate footing, and (ii) have uniform rise within each flight and for consecutive flights, (g) Have stair treads with a leading edge that can be easily seen, (h) Have stair treads which prevent children falling through or becoming held fast between treads, where open risers are used, (i) Not contain isolated steps, (j) Have smooth, reachable and graspable handrails to provide support and to assist with movement along a stair or ladder, (k) Have handrails of adequate strength and rigidity as required by Clause B1 Structure, (l) Have landings of appropriate dimensions and at appropriate intervals along a stair or ramp to prevent undue fatigue, (m) Have landings of appropriate dimensions where a door opens from or onto a stair, ramp or ladder so that the door does not create a hazard, and Performance D1.3.3(h) shall not apply within Industrial buildings, Outbuildings and Ancillary buildings.
Performance D1.3.3(i) shall not apply with Detached Dwellings or within household units of Multi- unit Dwellings, or to Outbuildings and Ancillary buildings.

Performance D1.3.3(j) shall not apply to isolated steps.

29 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application (n) Have any automatically controlled doors constructed to avoid the risk of people becoming caught or being struck by moving parts.
D1.3.4 An accessible route, in addition to the requirement of Clause D1.3.3, shall: (a) Be easy to find, as required by Clause F8 Signs, (b) Have adequate activity space to enable a person in a wheelchair to negotiate the route while permitting an ambulant person to pass, (c) Include a lift complying with Clause D2 Mechanical Installations for Access to upper floors where: (i) buildings are four or more storeys high, (ii) buildings are three storeys high and have a total design occupancy of 50 or more persons on the two upper floors, (iii) buildings are two storeys high and have a total design occupancy of 40 or more persons on the upper floor, or (iv) an upper floor, irrespective of design occupancy, is to be used for the purposes of public reception areas of banks, central, regional and local government offices and facilities, hospitals, medical and dental surgeries and medical, paramedical and other primary health care centres, (d) Contain no thresholds or upstands forming a barrier to an unaided wheelchair user, (e) Have means to prevent the wheel of a wheelchair dropping over the side of the accessible route, (f) Have doors and related hardware which are easily used, (g) Not include spiral stairs, or stairs having open risers, (h) Have stair treads with leading edge which is rounded, and (i) Have handrails on both sides of the accessible route when the slope of the route 30 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application exceeds 1 in 20.
The handrails shall be continuous along both sides of the stair, ramp and landing except where the handrail is interrupted by a doorway.

D1.3.5 Vehicle spaces and circulation routes shall have: (a) Dimensions appropriate to the intended use, (b) Appropriate crossfall, and slope in the direction of travel, (c) Adequate queuing and circulation space, and (d) Adequate sight distances.
D1.3.6 Vehicle spaces for use by people with disabilities, shall, in addition to the requirements of Clause D1.3.5, be: (a) Provided in sufficient numbers, (b) Located to avoid conflict between vehicles and people using or moving to or from the space, and (c) Easy to find as required by Clause F8 Signs.
The limits on application to clause D1.1(c) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause D2—MECHANICAL INSTALLATIONS FOR ACCESS Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE D2.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury and loss of amenity while using mechanical installations for movement into, within and out of buildings, (b) Safeguard maintenance personnel from injury while servicing mechanical installations for access, and (c) Ensure that people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT D2.2 Mechanical installations for access into, within and out of buildings shall provide for the Objective D2.1(c) shall apply only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.

31 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Limits on application Provisions safe and easy movement of people, and for the safety of maintenance personnel.
PERFORMANCE D2.3.1 Mechanical installations for access shall: (a) Move people safely, and stop and hold as required for the normal use of the installation, for all loads up to and including 25 percent in excess of the rated load, (b) Not produce excessive acceleration or deceleration, (c) Be constructed to avoid the likelihood of people falling, tripping, becoming caught, being able to touch or be struck by moving parts, sharp edges or projections, under both normal and reasonably foreseeable abnormal conditions of use, (d) Be constructed to prevent collision between components, or between components and the building, (e) Have a control system that ensures safe abnormal operation in the event of overloading or failure of any single component, and (f) Be capable of being isolated for inspection, testing and maintenance.
D2.3.2 Mechanical installations for access shall be provided with: (a) Adequate control over normal use, to ensure people’s safety throughout any operation involving starting, stopping or changing the direction of travel, (b) Notification of position, where people are fully enclosed and the installation serves more than two levels, (c) Adequate lighting and ventilation for both normal and emergency use, and (d) Signs as required by Clause F8 Signs, D2.3.3 Mechanical installations for access shall, for emergency purposes, be provided with a means of: (a) Calling outside help, 32 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application Performance D2.3.3(d) shall not apply to installations travelling less than 15m vertically.
(b) Releasing people safely, (c) Safeguarding people from exposure to hazardous situations, and (d) Allowing authorised personnel to override the normal running procedure and take exclusive control of the installation.
D2.3.4 Potentially dangerous equipment shall be located in spaces which: (a) Are secure from unauthorised entry and contain only equipment associated with the installation, (b) Are appropriately sized and suitably guarded to provide adequate safe working areas for maintenance personnel, (c) Are provided with adequate power and lighting for maintenance, and (d) Have an environment that ensures the safe operation of the equipment under all likely conditions of use.
D2.3.5 Mechanical installations on accessible routes shall: (a) Where the passenger conveyor is manually controlled, provide: (i) controls which are easily identifiable and easy to use, (ii) adequate notification that the passenger conveyor has registered a summoning call, and (iii) adequate notification that the passenger conveyor has arrived, and of its future direction of travel, (b) Where the passenger conveyor is fully enclosed and serves more than two levels, provide an adequate means of informing occupants of their location, (c) Where appropriate, have doors which: (i) are power operated, (ii) are readily distinguishable from their surroundings, and 33 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions (iii) where automatic, remain open sufficiently long to enable people with disabilities to pass through, and (d) Have handrails within the passenger conveyor.
Limits on application The limits on application to clause D2.1(c) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause E1—SURFACE WATER Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE E1.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury or illness, and other property from damage, caused by surface water, and (b) Protect the outfalls of drainage systems.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT E1.2 Buildings and sitework shall be constructed in a way that protects people and other property from the adverse effects of surface water.
PERFORMANCE E1.3.1 Except as otherwise required under the Resource Management Act 1991 for the protection of other property, surface water, resulting from an event having a 10 percent probability of occurring annually and which is collected or concentrated by buildings or sitework, shall be disposed of in a way that avoids the likelihood of damage or nuisance to other property.

E1.3.2 Surface water, resulting from an event having a 2 percent probability of occurring annually, shall not enter buildings.
E1.3.3 Drainage systems for the disposal of surface water shall be constructed to: (a) Convey surface water to an appropriate outfall using gravity flow where possible, 34 Performance E1.3.2 shall apply only to Housing, Communal Residential and Communal Non- residential buildings.
Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (b) Avoid the likelihood of blockages, (c) Avoid the likelihood of leakage, penetration by roots, or the entry of ground water where pipes or lined channels are used, (d) Provide reasonable access for maintenance and clearing blockages, (e) Avoid the likelihood of damage to any outfall, in a manner acceptable to the network utility operator, and (f) Avoid the likelihood of damage from superimposed loads or normal ground movements.
Clause E1.3.1 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 3(2)(e) and (f) Building Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the words “Except as otherwise required under the Resource Management Act 1991 for the protection of other property, surface water” for the words “Surface water”.

Clause E1.3.1 was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(7) Building Amendment Regu- lations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by substituting the words “an event” for the words “a storm”.
Clause E1.3.2 was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(8) Building Amendment Regu- lations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by substituting the words “an event” for the words “a storm”.

Clause E2—EXTERNAL MOISTURE Provisions Objective E2.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from illness or injury that could result from external moisture entering the building.
Functional requirement E2.2 Buildings must be constructed to provide adequate resistance to penetration by, and the accumulation of, moisture from the outside.
Performance Limits on application Requirement E2.2 does not apply to buildings (for example, certain bus shelters, and certain buildings used for horticulture or for equipment for washing motor vehicles automatically) if moisture from the outside penetrating them, or accumulating within them, or both, is unlikely to impair significantly all or any of their amenity, durability, and stability.

35 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 E2.3.1 Roofs must shed precipitated moisture.
In locations subject to snowfalls, roofs must also shed melted snow.

E2.3.2 Roofs and exterior walls must prevent the penetration of water that could cause undue dampness, damage to building elements, or both.

E2.3.3 Walls, floors, and structural elements in contact with, or in close proximity to, the ground must not absorb or transmit moisture in quantities that could cause undue dampness, damage to building elements, or both.
E2.3.4 Building elements susceptible to damage must be protected from the adverse effects of moisture entering the space below suspended floors.

E2.3.5 Concealed spaces and cavities in buildings must be constructed in a way that prevents external moisture being accumulated or transferred and causing condensation, fungal growth, or the degradation of building elements.
E2.3.6 Excess moisture present at the completion of construction must be capable of being dissipated without permanent damage to building elements.

E2.3.7 Building elements must be constructed in a way that makes due allowance for the following: (a) the consequences of failure: (b) the effects of uncertainties resulting from construction or from the sequence in which different aspects of construction occur: (c) variation in the properties of materials and in the characteristics of the site.
Clause E2 was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 4 Building Amendment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).
Clause E3—INTERNAL MOISTURE Provisions Limits on application Objective E3.1 The objective of this provision is to— 36 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 (a) safeguard people against illness, injury, or loss of amenity that could result from accumulation of internal moisture; and (b) protect household units and other property from damage caused by free water from another household unit in the same building.
Functional Requirement E3.2 Buildings must be constructed to avoid the likelihood of— (a) fungal growth or the accumulation of contaminants on linings and other building elements; and (b) free water overflow penetrat- ing to an adjoining household unit; and (c) damage to building elements caused by the presence of moisture.
Performance E3.3.1 An adequate combination of thermal resistance, ventilation, and space temperature must be provided to all habitable spaces, bathrooms, laundries, and other spaces where moisture may be generated or may accumulate.

E3.3.2 Free water from accidental overflow from sanitary fixtures or sanitary appliances must be disposed of in a way that avoids loss of amenity or damage to household units or other property.
E3.3.3 Floor surfaces of any space containing sanitary fixtures or sanitary appliances must be impervious and easily cleaned.

E3.3.4 Wall surfaces adjacent to sanitary fixtures or sanitary appliances must be impervious and easily cleaned.

E3.3.5 Surfaces of building elements likely to be splashed or become contaminated in the course of the intended use of the building, must be impervious and easily cleaned.
E3.3.6 Surfaces of building elements likely to be splashed must be constructed in a way that prevents water splash from penetrating behind linings or into concealed spaces.

Performance E3.3.1 does not apply to communal non-residential, commercial, industrial, outbuildings, or ancillary buildings.

37 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Clause E3 was substituted, as from 14 October 2004, by regulation 3 Building Amendment Regula- tions 2004 (SR 2004/317).
Clause F1—HAZARDOUS AGENTS ON SITE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE F1.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness caused by hazardous agents or contaminants on a site.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F1.2 Buildings shall be constructed to avoid the likelihood of people within the building being adversely affected by hazardous agents or contaminants on the site.
PERFORMANCE F1.3.1 Sites shall be assessed to determine the presence and potential threat of any hazardous agents or contaminants.

F1.3.2 The likely effect of any hazardous agent or contaminant on people shall be determined taking account of: (a) The intended use of the building, (b) The nature, potency or toxicity of the hazardous agent or contaminant, and, (c) The protection afforded by the building envelope and building systems.
Clause F2—HAZARDOUS BUILDING MATERIALS Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE F2.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury and illness caused by exposure to hazardous building materials.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F2.2 Building materials which are potentially hazardous, shall be used in ways that avoid undue risk to people.
PERFORMANCE F2.3.1 The quantities of gas, liquid, radiation or solid particles emitted by materials used in the construction of buildings, shall not give rise to 38 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application Performance F2.3.2 does not apply to Housing harmful concentrations at the surface of the material where the material is exposed, or in the atmosphere of any space.
F2.3.2 Transparent panels capable of being mistaken for an unimpeded path of travel shall be marked to make them visible.

F2.3.3 Glass or other brittle materials with which people are likely to come into contact shall: (a) If broken on impact, break in a way which is unlikely to cause injury, or (b) Resist a reasonably foreseeable impact without breaking, or (c) Be protected from impact.
Clause F3—HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND PROCESSES Provisions Limit on applications OBJECTIVE F3.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness, and other property from damage, caused by hazardous substances or processes in buildings.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F3.2 Buildings where hazardous substances are stored and hazardous processes undertaken, shall be constructed to provide adequate protection to people and to other property.
PERFORMANCE F3.3 Spaces in buildings where hazardous substances are stored, handled or used, or where hazardous processes are undertaken, shall be located and constructed to protect people, and other property, under both normal and reasonably foreseeable abnormal conditions, and shall be provided with: (a) Means of restricting unauthorised access, (b) Means of preventing hazardous substances, or other materials unacceptable to the network utility operator, from entering sewers or public drains, 39 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limit on applications (c) Means of allowing the harmless release of pressure where there is a significant risk of explosion occurring, (d) Protected ignition sources where flammable or explosive goods are stored, (e) Means of rendering harmless by ventilation, containment, dilution, or chemical or biological action, any radioactive, toxic or flammable vapours, gases or materials which may escape from pipes, vessels or containers, (f) Impervious, easily cleaned surface finishes on building elements likely to be splashed or become contaminated in the course of the intended use of the building, and (g) Signs as required by Clause F8 Signs.
Clause F4—SAFETY FROM FALLING Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE F4.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury caused by falling.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F4.2 Buildings shall be constructed to reduce the likelihood of accidental fall.

PERFORMANCE F4.3.1 Where people could fall 1 metre or more from an opening in the external envelope or floor of a building, or from a sudden change of level within or associated with a building, a barrier shall be provided.
F4.3.2 Roofs with permanent access shall have barriers provided.

F4.3.3 Swimming pools having a depth of water exceeding 400mm, shall have barriers provided.

40 Performance F4.3.1 shall not apply where such a barrier would be incompatible with the intended use of an area, or to temporary barriers on construction sites where the possible fall is less than 3 metres, or to buildings providing pedestrian access in remote locations where the route served presents similar natural hazards.
Performance F4.3.3 shall not apply to any pool exempted under section 5 of the Fencing of Swimming Pools Act 1987.
Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application F4.3.4 Barriers shall: (a) Be continuous and extend for the full extent of the hazard, (b) Be of appropriate height, (c) Be constructed with adequate rigidity, (d) Be of adequate strength to withstand the foreseeable impact of people and, where appropriate, the static pressure of people pressing against them, (e) Be constructed to prevent people from falling through them, and (f) In the case of a swimming pool, restrict the access of children under 6 years of age to the pool or the immediate pool area.
(g) Restrict the passage of children under 6 years of age when provided to guard a change of level in areas likely to be frequented by them.

(h) Be constructed so that they are not readily able to be used as seats.
F4.3.5 Barriers to swimming pools shall have in addition to performance F4.3.4: (a) All gates and doors fitted with latching devices not readily operated by children, and constructed to automatically close and latch when released from any stationary position 150mm or more from the closed and secured position, but excluding sliding and sliding- folding doors that give access to the immediate pool surround from a building that forms part of the barrier, and (b) No permanent objects on the outside of the barrier that could provide a climbing step.
Performance F4.3.4(f) shall not apply to any pool exempted under section 5 of the Fencing of Swimming Pools Act 1987.

Performance F4.3.4(h) does not apply to Housing.


Clause F4.3.1 was amended, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(9) Building Amendment Regu- lations 2001 (SR 2001/374), by adding, to the entry adjacent to clause F4.3.1 in the column headed “Limits on application”, the words “, or to buildings providing pedestrian access in remote locations where the route served presents similar natural hazards”.
Clause F4.3.3 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 5(1) Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the words “have barriers provided” for the words “be constructed with a barrier to restrict access to the pool or the immediate pool area, by chil- dren under 6 years of age”.
41 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Clause F4.3.4 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 5(2) Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting para (f), inserting the text opposite para (f), and inserting para (g).

Clause F4.3.4(h) was inserted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 5 Building Amendment Regula- tions 2007 (SR 2007/124).
Clause F4.3.5 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 5(3) Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting para (a).

Clause F5—CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION HAZARDS Provisions Limits on applications OBJECTIVE F5.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury, and other property from damage, caused by construction or demolition site hazards.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F5.2 Construction and demolition work on buildings shall be performed in a manner that avoids the likelihood of: (a) Objects falling onto people on or off the site, (b) Objects falling on property off the site, (c) Other hazards arising on the site affecting people off the site and other property, and (d) Unauthorised entry of children to hazards on the site.
PERFORMANCE F5.3.1 Suitable construction methods shall be used to avoid the likelihood of tools or materials falling onto places where people might be present.
F5.3.2 Where construction or demolition work presents a hazard in places to which the public has access, barriers shall be provided and shall: (a) Be of appropriate height and construction to prevent site hazards from harming traffic or passersby, (b) Be difficult to climb, (c) Have no opening other than those approved by the territorial authority for access and viewing, (d) Have no gates or doors which project beyond the site when opened, 42 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Limits on applications Provisions (e) Contain no projection that would be a hazard to traffic or people, and (f) Be clearly marked where the barrier itself may otherwise present a hazard to traffic or passersby.
F5.3.3 Where a construction or demolition site contains any hazard which might be expected to attract the unauthorised entry of children, the hazard shall be enclosed to restrict access by children.

F5.3.4 Suitable barriers shall be constructed to provide a safe route for people where lifting equipment creates a risk of accident from objects falling on a place of public access, or where a similar risk results from the height at which construction or demolition work is being carried out.
Clause F5 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 6 Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the expression “F5.2” for the expression “F5” immediately under the heading “FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT”.

Clause F6—Visibility in escape routes Provisions Objective F6.1 The objective of this provision is to help safeguard people from injury in escape routes during failure of the main lighting.
Functional requirement F6.2 Specified features in escape routes must be made reasonably visible by lighting systems, other systems, or both, during failure of the main lighting.

Performance F6.3.1 Specified features in escape routes must, when the systems for visibility are at their design level, be reasonably visible.

Limits on application Requirement F6.2 does not apply to Detached Dwellings, household units within Multi-unit Dwellings, Outbuildings, or Ancillary buildings.
Performance F6.3.1 does not apply to specified features in the initial 20 metres of an escape route if the risk of injury, or impediment to movement of people, due to the specified features not being visible is low for example, because people are familiar with the escape route, the 43 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 escape route is level, and people do not require assistance to escape).
F6.3.2 The systems for visibility must operate to the following percentages of their design levels within the following times after failure of the main lighting: (a) 80% in 0.5 seconds in locations (examples of which are given by performance F6.3.3) where there is a high risk of injury due to delay in operation of the systems for visibility; and (b) 10% in 0.5 seconds, and 80% in 30 seconds, in stairs and in locations that are unfamiliar to users; and (c) 10% in 20 seconds, and 80% in 60 seconds, in all other locations.
F6.3.3 Examples of locations (referred to in performance F6.3.2(a)) where there is a high risk of injury due to delay in operation of the systems for visibility include: (a) areas where dangerous machinery is installed: (b) areas where hazardous processes take place: (c) clinical areas of hospitals: (d) prisons and other buildings in which people are detained: (e) any part of an escape route designed for use at any time by more than 250 people.
F6.3.4 The systems for visibility must operate continuously in buildings or parts of buildings in the following risk groups for the following periods after failure of the main lighting: (a) risk group A, until restoration of the main lighting system: (b) risk group B, 90 minutes: (c) risk group C, 30 minutes.
F6.3.5 Despite performance F6.3.4, if a building or part of a building falls into both risk group A and risk group B, the systems for visibility must operate for whichever is the longer of the periods specified in performance F6.3.4(a) and (b).

44 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 F6.3.6 Signs to indicate escape routes must be provided as required by Clause F8“Signs”.
Clause F6.2 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 7(1) Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the word “Ancillary” for the word “Ancilli- ary”.

Clause F6.3.1 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 7(2) Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by inserting the words “or 30 minutes, whichever is the greater”.

Clause F6 was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(1) Building Amendment Regula- tions 2007 (SR 2007/124).
Clause F7—WARNING SYSTEMS Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE F7.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness due to lack of awareness of an emergency.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F7.2 Buildings shall be provided with appropriate means of warning people to escape to a safe place in an emergency.

PERFORMANCE F7.3.1 A means of warning must alert people to the emergency in adequate time for them to reach a safe place.
F7.3.2 Appropriate means of detection and warning for fire must be provided within each household unit.

F7.3.3 Appropriate means of warning for fire and other emergencies must be provided in buildings as necessary to satisfy the other performance requirements of this code.

Performance F7.3 does not apply to Out-buildings or Ancillary buildings.

Clause F7.2 was amended, as from 24 April 2003, by regulation 3(1) Buildings Amendment Regula- tions (SR 2003/61) by adding the words “in an emergency”.
Clause F7.3 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 8 Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the word “Ancillary” for the word “Ancilliary”.

Clause F7.3 was substituted, as from 24 April 2003, by regulation 3(2) Buildings Amendment Regu- lations (SR 2003/61).
Clause F8—SIGNS Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE F8.1 The objective of this provision is to: 45 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application Objective F8.1(c) shall apply only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.

Requirement F8.2 shall not apply to Detached Dwellings, or within household units of Multi-unit Dwellings.
(a) Safeguard people from injury or illness resulting from inadequate identification of escape routes, or of hazards within or about the building, (b) Safeguard people from loss of amenity due to inadequate direction, and (c) Ensure that people with disabilities are to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT F8.2 Signs shall be provided in and about buildings to identify: (a) Escape routes, (b) Emergency related safety features, (c) Potential hazards, and (d) Accessible routes and facilities for people with disabilities.

PERFORMANCE F8.3.1 Signs shall be clearly visible and readily understandable under all conditions of foreseeable use.

F8.3.2 Signs indicating potential hazards shall be provided in sufficient locations to notify people before they encounter the hazard.
F8.3.3 Signs to facilitate escape shall: (a) Be provided in sufficient locations to identify escape routes and guide people to a safe place, and (b) Remain visible during failure of the main lighting for the period required by performance F6.3.4 and performance F6.3.5.

F8.3.4 Signs shall be provided in sufficient locations to identify accessible routes and facilities provided for people with disabilities.
The limits on application to clause F8.1(c) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- 46 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause F8.3.3(b) was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(4) Building Amendment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).
Clause G1—PERSONAL HYGIENE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G1.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from illness caused by infection or contamination, (b) Safeguard people from loss of amenity arising from the absence of appropriate personal hygiene facilities, and (c) Ensure people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G1.2 Buildings shall be provided with appropriate spaces and facilities for personal hygiene.

PERFORMANCE G1.3.1 Sanitary fixtures shall be provided in sufficient number and be appropriate for the people who are intended to use them.
G1.3.2 Sanitary fixtures shall be located, constructed and installed to: (a) Facilitate sanitation, (b) Avoid risk of food contamination, (c) Avoid harbouring dirt or germs, (d) Provide appropriate privacy, (e) Avoid affecting occupants of adjacent spaces from the presence of unpleasant odours, accumulation of offensive matter, or other source of annoyance, (f) Allow effective cleaning, (g) Discharge to a plumbing and drainage system as required by clause G13 Foul Water when water-borne disposal is used, and (h) Provide a healthy safe disposal system when non-water-borne disposal is used.
Objective G1.1(c) shall apply only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.

47 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions G1.3.3 Facilities for personal hygiene shall be provided in convenient locations.

G1.3.4 Personal hygiene facilities provided for people with disabilities shall be accessible.
Limits on application Performance G1.3.4 shall not apply to Housing, Outbuildings, Ancillary buildings, and to Industrial buildings where no more than 10 people are employed.
The limits on application to clause G1.1(c) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause G2—LAUNDERING Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G2.1 The objective of this provision is to ensure: (a) Adequate amenities for people to do laundering, and (b) That people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G2.2 Buildings shall be provided with adequate space and facilities for laundering.
PERFORMANCE G2.3.1 Facilities shall have capacity for the intended use, and consist of fixtures, or space and services for appliances.

G2.3.2 Space shall be adequate in size to provide for the installation and use of fixtures or appliances.

G2.3.3 Space and facilities shall be provided within each accommodation unit or may be grouped elsewhere in a convenient location.

G2.3.4 Accessible facilities shall be provided for people with disabilities.
Objective G2.1(b) shall apply to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.

Requirement G2.2 shall apply only to Housing, old people’s homes, early childhood centres, camping grounds and work camps.

Performance G2.3.4 shall apply only to camping grounds.
The limits on application to clause G2.1(b) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- 48 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause G3—FOOD PREPARATION AND PREVENTION OF CONTAMINATION Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G3.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from illness due to contamination, (b) Enable hygienic food preparation without loss of amenity, and (c) Ensure that people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G3.2.1 Buildings shall be provided with space and facilities for the hygienic storage, preparation and cooking of food, that are adequate for the intended use of the building.

G3.2.2 Buildings used for the storage, manufacture or processing of food, including animal products, shall be constructed to safeguard the contents from contamination.
G3.2.3 Buildings used for the medical treatment of humans or animals, or the reception of dead bodies, shall be constructed to avoid the spread of contamination from the building contents.

PERFORMANCE G3.3.1 Food preparation facilities shall be hygienic and include: (a) Space for a refrigerator, or a perishable food storage area capable of being cooled and protected from vermin and insects, Objective G3.1(c) shall apply only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.
Requirement G3.2.1 shall apply to Housing, work camps, old people’s homes and early childhood centres, and where appropriate shall also apply to Commercial and Industrial buildings whose intended uses include the manufacture, preparation, packaging or storage of food.

Performance G3.3.1(a) and (b) shall apply to Housing, work camps, old people’s homes, early childhood centres and Commercial or Industrial buildings whose intended uses include the handling of perishable food.
49 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions (b) Means for food rinsing, utensil washing and waste water disposal, (c) Means for cooking food, and (d) Space and a surface for food preparation.
G3.3.2 Spaces for food preparation and utensil washing shall have: (a) Interior linings and work surfaces shall be impervious and easily cleaned, (b) All building elements constructed with materials which are free from hazardous substances which could cause contamination to the building contents, and (c) Exposed building elements located and shaped to avoid the accumulation of dirt.

G3.3.3 An adequate energy supply shall be provided, appropriately located for use by cooking and refrigeration appliances.
G3.3.4 Space and facilities shall be provided within each household unit, or grouped elsewhere in a convenient location.

G3.3.5 Where facilities are provided for people with disabilities they shall be accessible.

G3.3.6 Spaces in buildings shall be protected from the likelihood of contamination or vermin entering areas used for the storage, processing or preparation of food, and shall have a means of preventing contamination spreading from these areas to other spaces.
Limits on application Performance G3.3.1(c) shall apply to Housing, work camps, old people’s homes and early childhood centres.

Performance G3.3.1(d) shall apply to Housing, work camps, old people’s homes and early childhood centres.

Performance G3.3.2(b) shall apply to Housing, work camps, old people’s homes and early childhood centres, and where appropriate shall also apply to Commercial and Industrial buildings whose intended uses include the manufacture, preparation, packaging or storage of food.
Performance G3.3.2(c) shall not apply to Housing.

Performance G3.3.5 shall apply only to camping grounds and accessible accommodation units in Communal Residential buildings.

Performance G3.3.6 shall apply to Commercial or Industrial buildings whose intended uses include the handling of perishable food, the medical treatment of humans or animals, the slaughter of animals or the reception of dead bodies.
50 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Clause G3 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 9 Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the expression “G3.2.3” for the expression “G3.2.2” where it secondly occurred under the heading “FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT”.
The limits on application to clause G3.1(c) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause G4—VENTILATION Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G4.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from illness or loss of amenity due to lack of fresh air.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G4.2 Spaces within buildings shall be provided with adequate ventilation consistent with their maximum occupancy and their intended use.

PERFORMANCE G4.3.1 Spaces within buildings shall have means of ventilation with outdoor air that will provide an adequate number of air changes to maintain air purity.
G4.3.2 Mechanical air-handling systems shall be constructed and maintained in a manner that prevents harmful bacteria, pathogens and allergens from multiplying within them.
G4.3.3 Buildings shall have a means of collecting or otherwise removing the following products from the spaces in which they are generated: (a) Cooking fumes and odours, (b) Moisture from laundering, utensil washing, bathing and showering, (c) Odours from sanitary and waste storage spaces, (d) Gaseous by-products and excessive moisture from commercial or industrial processes, (e) Poisonous fumes and gases, (f) Flammable fumes and gases, (g) Airborne particles, (h) Bacteria, viruses or other pathogens, or (i) Products of combustion.
51 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Limits on application Provisions G4.3.4 Contaminated air shall be disposed of in a way which avoids creating a nuisance or hazard to people and other property.

G4.3.5 The quantities of air supplied for ventilation shall meet the additional demands of any fixed combustion appliances.
Clause G4.2 Schedule was amended, as from 11 September 1997, by regulation 3(1) Building Amendment Regulations 1997 (SR 1997/156) by inserting the words “and their intended use”.

Clause G4.3.3(b) Schedule was amended, as from 11 September 1997, by regulation 3(1) Building Amendment Regulations 1997 (SR 1997/156) by substituting the word “Moisture” for the word “Steam”.
Clause G5—INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G5.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from illness caused by low air temperature, (b) Safeguard people from injury or loss of amenity caused by inadequate activity space, (c) Safeguard people from injury caused by unsafe installations, and (d) Ensure that people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G5.2.1 Buildings shall be constructed to provide: (a) An adequate, controlled interior temperature, (b) Adequate activity space for the intended use, and (c) Accessible spaces and facilities.

G5.2.2 Heating appliances in buildings shall be installed in a way that reduces the likelihood of injury.

52 Objective G5.1(d) shall apply to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.
Requirement G5.2.1(a) shall apply only to habitable spaces, bathrooms and recreation rooms in old people’s homes and early childhood centres.

Requirement G5.2.1(b) shall apply only to old people’s homes.

Requirement G5.2.1(c) shall apply only to Communal Residential, Communal Non-residential, and Commercial buildings.
Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application PERFORMANCE G5.3.1 Habitable spaces, bathrooms and recreation rooms shall have provision for maintaining the internal temperature at no less than 16°C measured at 750mm above floor level, while the space is adequately ventilated.

G5.3.2 Heating appliances, and any attached cables, pipes or other fittings shall be securely fixed in place.
G5.3.3 Habitable spaces shall have sufficient space for activity, furniture, and sanitary and mobility aids.

G5.3.4 Where reception counters or desks are provided for public use, at least one counter or desk shall be accessible.

G5.3.5 Buildings shall be provided with listening systems which enable enhanced hearing by people with hearing aids.

Performance G5.3.1 shall apply only to old people’s homes an early childhood centres.
Performance G5.3.2 shall apply only to old people’s homes and early childhood centres.

Performance G5.3.3 shall apply only to old people’s homes.

Performance G5.3.4 applies only to Communal Residential, Communal Non-Residential, and Commercial buildings.

Performance G5.3.5 applies only to: (a) Communal Non-Residential assembly spaces occupied by more than 250 people, and (b) Any theatre, cinema, or public hall, and (c) Assembly spaces in old people’s homes occupied by more than 20 people.
G5.3.6 Enhanced listening systems shall be identified by signs complying with Clause F8 Signs.
Clause G5 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 10 Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the expression “old people’s homes” for the expres- sion “old people’s homes” in italics in the second column, opposite clause G5.2.1(b) The limits on application to clause G5.1(d) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause G6—AIRBORNE AND IMPACT SOUND Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G6.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from illness or loss of amenity 53 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application as a result of undue noise being transmitted between abutting occupancies.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G6.2 Building elements which are common between occupancies, shall be constructed to prevent undue noise transmission from other occupancies or common spaces, to the habitable spaces of household units.

PERFORMANCE G6.3.1 The Sound Transmission Class of walls, floors and ceilings, shall be no less than 55.

G6.3.2 The Impact Insulation Class of floors shall be no less than 55.
Clause G7—NATURAL LIGHT Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G7.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from illness or loss of amenity due to isolation from natural light and the outside environment.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G7.2 Habitable spaces shall provide adequate openings for natural light and for a visual awareness of the outside environment.

PERFORMANCE G7.3.1 Natural light shall provide an illuminance of no less than 30 lux at floor level for 75 percent of the standard year.
G7.3.2 Openings to give awareness of the outside shall be transparent and provided in suitable locations.

Clause G8—ARTIFICIAL LIGHT Requirement G7.2 shall apply only to Housing, old people’s homes and early childhood centres.

Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G8.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury due to lack of adequate lighting.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT 54 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions G8.2 Spaces within buildings used by people, shall be provided with adequate artificial lighting which, when activated in the absence of sufficient natural light, will enable safe movement.

PERFORMANCE G8.3 Illuminance at floor level shall be no less than 20 lux.
Limits on application Requirement G8.2 shall apply to: (a) All exitways in Multi-unit Dwellings, Group Dwellings and Communal Residential, Communal Non-residential, Commercial and Industrial buildings, (b) All access routes except those in Outbuildings and Ancillary buildings, and (c) All common spaces within Multi-unit Dwellings, Group Dwellings, and Communal Residential and Communal Non- residential buildings.
Performance G8.3 does not apply during a failure of the main lighting, when the requirements in Clause F6 “Visibility in escape routes” apply.

Clause G8.3 was amended, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 6(5) Building Amendment Regula- tions 2007 (SR 2007/124) by substituting the limit on application.
Clause G9—ELECTRICITY Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G9.1 The objective of this provision is to ensure that: (a) In buildings supplied with electricity, the electrical installation has safeguards against outbreak of fire and personal injury, and (b) People with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and processes within buildings.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G9.2 Where provided in a building, electrical installations shall be safe for their intended use.
PERFORMANCE G9.3.1 The electrical installation shall incorporate systems to: Objective G9.1(b) shall apply only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.
55 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions (a) Protect people from contact with parts of the installation which are live during normal operation, and to prevent parts of the installation or other building elements becoming live during fault conditions, (b) Permit the safe isolation of the installation and of electrical fittings and appliances, (c) Safeguard people from excessive temperatures resulting from either normal operation of electrical equipment, or from currents which could exceed the installation rating, (d) Safeguard people from injury which may result from electromechanical stress in electrical components caused by currents in excess of the installation rating, (e) Protect building elements from risk of ignition, impairment of their physical or mechanical properties, or function, due to temperature increases resulting from heat transfer or electric arc, (f) Operate safely in its intended environment, and (g) Safeguard against ignition of the surrounding atmosphere where it is potentially flammable or explosive.
G9.3.2 An electrical installation supplying an essential service shall: (a) Maintain the supply for a time appropriate to that service, and (b) Be capable of being isolated from the supply system, independently of the remainder of the installation.

G9.3.3 An electrical installation connected to an electrical supply system, shall contain safeguards which protect the safety features of the external supply.
G9.3.4 In buildings intended for use by people with disabilities, light switches and plug socket outlets shall be accessible and usable.

56 Limits on application Performance G9.3.4 shall not apply to Housing, Outbuildings, Ancillary buildings, and to Industrial buildings where no more than 10 people are employed.
Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 The limits on application to clause G9.1(b) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause G10—PIPED SERVICES Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G10.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness caused by extreme temperatures or hazardous substances associated with building services.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G10.2 In buildings provided with potentially hazardous services containing hot, cold, flammable, corrosive or toxic fluids, the installations shall be constructed to provide adequate safety for people.
PERFORMANCE G10.3.1 Piping systems shall be constructed to avoid the likelihood of: (a) Significant leakage or damage during normal or reasonably foreseeable abnormal conditions, (b) Detrimental contamination of the contents by other substances, (c) Adverse interaction between services, or between piping and electrical systems, and (d) People having contact with pipes which could cause them harm.

G10.3.2 Provision shall be made for the ready removal of moisture or condensate in gas pipes.
G10.3.3 Pipes shall be protected against corrosion in the environment of their use.

G10.3.4 Piping systems shall be identified with markings if the contents are not readily apparent from the location or associated equipment.

G10.3.5 Enclosed spaces shall be constructed to avoid the likelihood of accumulating vented or leaking gas.
G10.3.6 Piped systems shall have isolation devices which permit the installation or individual items of apparatus to be isolated from 57 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application the supply system, for maintenance, testing, fault detection and repair.
Clause G11—GAS AS AN ENERGY SOURCE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G11.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from injury arising from the use of gas as an energy source, (b) Safeguard people and other property from the risk of fire or explosion, and (c) Safeguard people from loss of amenity due to the gas supply being inadequate for the intended use.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G11.2 In buildings where gas is used as an energy source, the supply system shall be safe and adequate for its intended use.

PERFORMANCE G11.3.1 Supply systems shall be constructed to maintain a safe pressure range appropriate to the appliances and the type of gas used.
G11.3.2 The gas supply to all appliances in a single ventilated space, shall be fitted with an automatic cut-off activated by failure of any continuous forced ventilation system used for combustion, ventilation or safe operation of a fixed gas appliance.

G11.3.3 A flued fixed gas appliance shall have no adverse interaction with any other flued appliance.
G11.3.4 Supply systems shall have isolation devices which permit the whole installation, or individual items of apparatus, to be isolated from the supply for maintenance, testing, fault detection or repair.
G11.3.5 Where gas is supplied from an external source, the supply system within buildings shall be constructed to avoid the likelihood of: (a) Contamination of the external supply from other gas sources within the building, 58 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (b) Adverse effects on the pressure of the external supply, and (c) The external supply pipe acting as an earthing conductor.
G11.3.6 The location and installation of meters and service risers shall meet the requirements of the network utility operator.
Clause G12—WATER SUPPLIES Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G12.1 The objective of this provision is to (a) safeguard people from illness or injury caused by contaminated water: (b) safeguard people from injury caused by hot water system explosion, or from contact with excessively hot water: (c) safeguard people from loss of amenity arising from— (i) a lack of hot water for personal hygiene; or (ii) water for human consumption that is offensive in appearance, odour, or taste: (d) ensure that people with disabilities are able to carry out normal activities and functions within buildings.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G12.2 Buildings provided with water outlets, sanitary fixtures, or sanitary appliances must have safe and adequate water supplies.
PERFORMANCE G12.3.1 Water intended for human consumption, food preparation, utensil washing, or oral hygiene must be potable G12.3.2 A potable water supply system must be— (a) protected from contamination; and (b) installed in a manner that avoids the likelihood of contamination within the system and the water main; and Objective G12.1(d) applies only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.
59 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application Performance G12.3.5(b) applies to only housing, retirement homes, and early childhood centres.

(c) installed using components that will not contaminate the water.

G12.3.3 A non-potable water supply system used for personal hygiene must be installed in a manner that avoids the likelihood of illness or injury being caused by the system.
G12.3.4 Water pipes and outlets provided with non-potable water must be clearly identified.

G12.3.5 Sanitary fixtures and sanitary appliances must be provided with hot water when intended to be used for— (a) utensil washing; and (b) personal washing, showering, or bathing G12.3.6 If hot water is provided to sanitary fixtures and sanitary appliances used for personal hygiene, it must be delivered at a temperature that avoids the likelihood of scalding.
G12.3.7 Water supply systems must be installed in a manner that— (a) pipes water to sanitary fixtures and sanitary appliances at flow rates that are adequate for the correct functioning of those fixtures and appliances under normal conditions; and (b) avoids the likelihood of leakage; and (c) allows reasonable access to components likely to need maintenance; and (d) allows the system and any backflow prevention devices to be isolated for testing and maintenance.
G12.3.8 Vessels used for producing or storing hot water must be provided with safety features that— (a) relieve excessive pressure during both normal and abnormal conditions; and (b) limit temperatures to avoid the likelihood of flash steam production in the event of rupture.

60 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions G12.3.9 A hot water system must be capable of being controlled to prevent the growth of legionella bacteria.
G12.3.10 Water supply taps must be accessible and usable for people with disabilities.

Limits on application Performance G12.3.10 applies only to those buildings to which section 47A of the Act applies.
The limits on application to clause G12.1(d) were amended consequential on the Health Reforms (Transitional Provisions) Act 1993, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 4(1) Building Amend- ment Regulations 2000 (SR 2000/119), by substituting the expression “section 47A of the Act” for the expression “section 25 of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act 1975”.
Clause G12.3.7 was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 11 Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the word “legionella” for the word “legio- nalla”.

Clause G12 was substituted, as from 3 January 2002, by regulation 3(10) Building Amendment Regulations 2001 (SR 2001/374).
Clause G13—FOUL WATER Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G13.1 The objective of this provision is to: (a) Safeguard people from illness due to infection or contamination resulting from personal hygiene activities, and (b) Safeguard people from loss of amenity due to the presence of unpleasant odours or the accumulation of offensive matter resulting from foul water disposal.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G13.2 Buildings in which sanitary fixtures and sanitary appliances using water-borne waste disposal are installed must be provided with— (a) an adequate plumbing and drainage system to carry foul water to appropriate outfalls; and (b) if no sewer is available, an adequate system for the storage, treatment, and disposal of foul water.
PERFORMANCE G13.3.1 The plumbing system shall be constructed to: (a) Convey foul water from buildings to a drainage system, 61 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application (b) Avoid the likelihood of blockage and leakage, (c) Avoid the likelihood of foul air and gases entering buildings, and (d) provide reasonable access for maintenance and clearing blockages.
G13.3.2 The drainage system shall: (a) Convey foul water to an appropriate outfall, (b) Be constructed to avoid the likelihood of blockage, (c) Be supported, jointed and protected in a way that will avoid the likelihood of penetration of roots or the entry of ground water, (d) Be provided with reasonable access for maintenance and clearing blockages, (e) Be ventilated to avoid the likelihood of foul air and gases accumulating in the drainage system and sewer, and (f) Be constructed to avoid the likelihood of damage from superimposed loads or normal ground movement.
G13.3.3 Where a sewer connection is available, the drainage system shall be connected to the sewer, and the connection shall be made in a manner that avoids damage to the sewer and is to the approval of the network utility operator.
G13.3.4 If no sewer is available, facilities for the storage, treatment, and disposal of foul water must be constructed— (a) with adequate capacity for the volume of foul water and the frequency of disposal; and (b) with adequate vehicle access for collection if required; and (c) to avoid the likelihood of contamination of any potable water supplies in compliance with Clause G12 “Water supplies”; and (d) to avoid the likelihood of contamination of soils, ground water, and waterways except as permitted under the Resource Management Act 1991; and 62 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (e) from materials that are impervious both to the foul water for which disposal is required, and to water; and (f) to avoid the likelihood of blockage and leakage; and (g) to avoid the likelihood of foul air and gases accumulating within or entering into buildings; and (h) to avoid the likelihood of unauthorised access by people; and (i) to permit easy cleaning and maintenance; and (j) to avoid the likelihood of damage from superimposed loads or normal ground movement; and (k) if those facilities are buried underground, to resist hydrostatic uplift pressures.
Clause G13.2 was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 7(1) Building Amendment Regu- lations 2007 (SR 2007/124).

Clause G13.3.4 was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 7(2) Building Amendment Regulations 2007 (SR 2007/124).

Clause G14—INDUSTRIAL LIQUID WASTE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G14.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness caused by infection or contamination resulting from industrial liquid waste.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G14.2 Buildings, in which industrial liquid waste is generated shall be provided with adequate spaces and facilities for the safe and hygienic collection, holding, treatment and disposal of the waste.
PERFORMANCE G14.3.1 Industrial liquid waste shall be conveyed to storage containers and within disposal systems in a way which will: (a) Transfer wastes from buildings safely and hygienically, 63 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application (b) Avoid the likelihood of blockage and leakage, (c) Avoid the likelihood of foul air and gases entering buildings, and (d) Provide reasonable access for clearing of blockages.
G14.3.2 Facilities for the storage, treatment, and disposal of industrial liquid waste must be constructed— (a) with adequate capacity for the volume of waste and the frequency of disposal; and (b) with adequate vehicle access for collection if required; and (c) to avoid the likelihood of contamination of any potable water supplies in compliance with Clause G12 “Water supplies”; and (d) to avoid the likelihood of contamination of soils, ground water, and waterways except as permitted under the Resource Management Act 1991; and (e) from materials that are impervious both to the waste for which disposal is required, and to water; and (f) to avoid the likelihood of blockage and leakage; and (g) to avoid the likelihood of foul air and gases accumulating within or entering into buildings; and (h) to avoid the likelihood of unauthorised access by people; and (i) to permit easy cleaning and maintenance; and (j) to avoid the likelihood of damage from superimposed loads or normal ground movement; and (k) if those facilities are buried underground, to resist hydrostatic uplift pressures.
Clause G14.3.2.

(d) was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 12 Building Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by omitting the words “by a resource consent given”.

Clause G14.3.2 was substituted, as from 21 June 2007, by regulation 8 Building Amendment Regula- tions 2007 (SR 2007/124).
64 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Clause G15—SOLID WASTE Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE G15.1 The objective of this provision is to safeguard people from injury or illness caused by infection or contamination from solid waste.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT G15.2 Buildings shall be provided with space and facilities for the collection, and safe hygienic holding prior to disposal, of solid waste arising from the intended use of the buildings.
PERFORMANCE G15.3.1 Where provision is made within buildings for the collection and temporary holding of solid waste, the spaces provided shall be: (a) Of sufficient size for the volume of waste and frequency of disposal, (b) Provided with reasonable access for the depositing and collection of the waste, (c) Capable of maintaining sanitary conditions having regard to the types of waste and storage containers, and (d) Capable of maintaining the appropriate temperature for the type of waste stored.
G15.3.2 Where a rubbish chute is provided, it shall be located and constructed to: (a) Convey the solid waste to an appropriate storage container, (b) Avoid the likelihood of blockage or leakage, (c) Permit easy cleaning and maintenance, (d) Avoid the likelihood of foul air or gases accumulating or entering the building, (e) Avoid the likelihood of the spread of fire beyond the refuse chute, (f) Have openings that allow waste to be safely deposited in the chute, and (g) Restrict access by children, animals and vermin.
Requirement G15.2 shall not apply to Detached Dwellings, household units of Multi-unit Dwellings, Outbuildings or Ancilliary buildings if there is independent access or private open space at ground level.
65 Schedule 1 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application G15.3.3 Where it is acceptable to the network utility operator, solid waste which has been suitably treated for disposal to a sewer may be discharged via a foul water drain complying with Clause G13 Foul Water.

Clause G15.3.2(f) was amended, as from 22 December 1994, by regulation 13 Buildings Regulations 1992, Amendment No 1 (SR 1994/263) by substituting the word “safely” for the word “safety”.
Clause H1—ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROVISIONS Provisions Limits on application OBJECTIVE H1.1 The objective of this provision is to facilitate efficient use of energy.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT H1.2 Buildings must be constructed to achieve an adequate degree of energy efficiency when that energy is used for— (a) modifying temperature or humidity, or both; or (b) providing hot water to sanitary fixtures or sanitary appliances, or both; or (c) providing artificial lighting PERFORMANCE H1.3.1 The building envelope enclosing spaces where the temperature or humidity (or both) are modified must be constructed to— (a) provide adequate thermal resistance; and (b) limit uncontrollable airflow.
H1.3.2C Buildings must be constructed to ensure that,— 66 Objective H 1.1 applies only when the energy is sourced from a network utility operator or a depletable energy resource.

Requirement H1.2(a) does not apply to assembly service buildings, industrial buildings, outbuildings, or ancillary buildings, or to plant and equipment provided to modify temperature, humidity, or both.
Requirement H1.2(c) applies only to commercial buildings and communal non-residential buildings whose floor area is greater than 300 m2.

Performance H1.3.2C applies only to Housing.
Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Schedule 1 Provisions Limits on application (a) if they are buildings in climate zone 2 or climate zone 3, their building performance index does not exceed 1.55; and (b) if they are buildings in climate zone 1 and are in a warm location, their old measure building performance index does not exceed 0.13; and (c) if they are buildings in climate zone 1 and are in a cool location, their old measure building performance index does not exceed 0.12.
H1.3.2D For the purpose of performance H1.3.2C, a building partly in climate zone 2 and partly in climate zone 1 must be treated as if it were a building in climate zone 1.
H1.3.3 Account must be taken of physical conditions likely to affect energy performance of buildings, including— (a) the thermal mass of building elements; and (b) the building orientation and shape; and (c) the airtightness of the building envelope; and (d) the heat gains from services, processes and occupants; and (e) the local climate; and (f) heat gains from solar radiation.
H1.3.4 Systems for the heating, storage, or distribution of hot water to sanitary fixtures or sanitary appliances must, having regard to the energy source used,— (a) limit the energy lost in the heating process; and (b) be constructed to limit heat losses from storage vessels, and from distribution systems connected to storage vessels.
H.1.3.5 Artificial lighting fixtures must— (a) be located and sized to limit energy use, consistent with the intended use of space; and Performance H1.3.4(b) applies only where individual storage vessels are 700 litres or less in capacity.

Performance H1.3.5 does not apply to lighting provided solely to meet the requirements of clause F6.
67 Explanatory note Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Provisions Limits on application (b) be fitted with a means to enable light intensities to be reduced, consistent with reduced activity in the space.

Clause H1 was substituted, as from 29 December 2000, by regulation 5 Building Amendment Regu- lations 2000 (SR 2000/119).

Schedule 1 clause H1.3.2: revoked, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 5 of the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
Schedule 1 clause H1.3.2A: revoked, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 6 of the Building Amend- ment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause H1.3.2B: revoked, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 6 of the Building Amend- ment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

Schedule 1 clause H1.3.2C: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 6 of the Building Amend- ment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).
Schedule 1 clause H1.3.2D: inserted, on 31 October 2007, by regulation 6 of the Building Amend- ment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226).

MARIE SHROFF, Clerk of the Executive Council.

Explanatory note This note is not part of the regulations, but is intended to indicate their general effect.
These regulations, which come into force on 1 July 1992,— (a) (b) Provide for procedural matters and prescribe forms for the purposes of the Building Act 1991: Set out (in Schedule 1) the building code in accordance with Part 6 of the Building Act 1991.

Issued under the authority of the Acts and Regulations Publication Act 1989.

Date of notification in Gazette: 11 June 1992.


68 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Building Regulations 1992 Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226) Dame Sian Elias, Adinistrator of the Government Order in Council At Wellington this 13th day of August 2007 The Right Hon.
Helen Clark presiding in Council Pursuant to section 400 of the Building Act 2004, Her Excellency the Administrator of the Government, acting on the advice and with the consent of the Executive Coun- cil, and on the recommendation of the Minister (as defined by section 7 of that Act) made, as required by section 403(2) of that Act, after he or she became satisfied that the chief executive (as so defined) has consulted in accordance with section 403(3) and (4) of that Act, makes the following regulations.
1 Title 2 (1) (2) (3) 8 (1) These regulations are the Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007.

Commencement These regulations (other than regulations 6 and 7) come into force on 31 Octo- ber 2007.

Regulation 6 comes into force on 30 June 2008.

Regulation 7 comes into force on 30 September 2008.
Saving: building work not affected by amendments The building code set out in Schedule 1 of the principal regulations applies to the following building work as if these regulations had not been made: (a) (b) building work that is in climate zone 1, climate zone 2, or climate zone 3, is building work for which a building consent is required, and is covered by an application— (i) for a building consent or a certificate of acceptance; and (ii) made before the close of 30 October 2007: building work that is in climate zone 1 or climate zone 2, is building work for which a building consent is required, and is covered by an application— (i) for a building consent or a certificate of acceptance; and 69 Building Regulations 1992 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 (ii) made after the close of 30 October 2007 and before the close of 29 June 2008: (c) building work that is in climate zone 1, is building work for which a building consent is required, and is covered by an application— (i) for a building consent or a certificate of acceptance; and (ii) made after the close of 29 June 2008 and before the close of 29 September 2008.
(2) (3) For the purpose of subclause (1)(b), building work partly in climate zone 3 and partly in climate zone 2 must be treated as if it were building work in climate zone 2.

For the purpose of subclause (1)(c), building work partly in climate zone 2 and partly in climate zone 1 must be treated as if it were building work in climate zone 1.

Diane Morcom, Clerk of the Executive Council.

Date of notification in Gazette: 16 August 2007.


70 Reprinted as at 30 June 2008 Contents Building Regulations 1992 Notes 1 2 3 General About this eprint List of amendments incorporated in this eprint (most recent first) Notes 1 General This is an eprint of the Building Regulations 1992.

It incorporates all the amendments to the Building Regulations 1992 as at 30 June 2008.
The list of amendments at the end of these notes specifies all the amendments incorpor- ated into this eprint since 4 September 2007.

Relevant provisions of any amending enactments that contain transitional, savings, or application provi- sions are also included, after the Principal enactment, in chronological order.

2 About this eprint This eprint has not been officialised.
For more information about officialisa- tion, please see "Making online legislation official" under "Status of legislation on this site" in the About section of this website.

3 List of amendments incorporated in this eprint (most recent first) Building Amendment Regulations (No 2) 2007 (SR 2007/226) Wellington, New Zealand: Published under the authority of the New Zealand Government—2008 71