Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698056723395.pdf (Pakistan)
G E N D E R M A I N S T R E A M I N G & Gender Based Violence in Disaster Settings in the Context of Pakistan To Advance Global Commitments SUMMARY REPORT REDUCED REDUCED REDUCED INEQUALITIES INEQUALITIES INEQUALITIES PEACE AND PEACE AND PEACE AND JUSITICE JUSITICE JUSITICE PARTNERSHIPS PARTNERSHIPS PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS FOR THE GOALS FOR THE GOALS NONO NO POVERTY POVERTY POVERTY RENEWABLE RENEWABLE RENEWABLE ENERGY ENERGY ENERGY GENDER GENDER GENDER EQUALITY EQUALITY EQUALITY SUSTAINABLE CITIES SUSTAINABLE CITIES SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNITIES CLIMATE CLIMATE CLIMATE ACTION ACTION ACTION GOOD JOBS AND GOOD JOBS AND GOOD JOBS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC GROWTH LIFELIFE LIFE ON LAND ON LAND ON LAND QUALITY QUALITY QUALITY EDUCATION EDUCATION EDUCATION LIFE BELOW LIFE BELOW LIFE BELOW WATERWATER WATER INNOVATION AND INNOVATION AND INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE CLEAN WATER CLEAN WATER CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION AND SANITATION AND SANITATION NO NO NO HUNGER HUNGER HUNGER GOOD GOOD GOOD HEALTH HEALTH HEALTH RESPONSIBLE RESPONSIBLE RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY GENDER AND CHILD CELL GENDER AND CHILD CELL GENDER AND CHILD CELL SUMMARY REPORT Key Findings To Advance Global Commitments on Gender Mainstreaming & GBV in Disaster Settings in the Context of Pakistan Published in: July 2017 Copyright @ National Disaster Management Authority Layout & Design by: Mediations Pakistan Published by: National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Govt.
of Pakistan Produced by: Gender & Child Cell, NDMA Printed by: Mediations Pakistan Copies Available at: NDMA, Prime Minister’s Office, Islamabad.
Phone: +92-51-9087849 - 9087847 www.ndma.gov.pk SUMMARY REPORT To Advance Global Commitments G E N D E R M A I N S T R E A M I N G & Gender Based Violence in Disaster Settings in the Context of Pakistan Content Chairman’s Massage Acknowledgement Abbreviations and Acronyms Introduction Background Main Stakeholders in Gender Mainstreaming and GBV in Disasters Settings in Pakistan Key Findings Preliminary Entry Points Bibliography 01 02 03 06 10 11 Chairman's Massage The fact remains that women and girls are soft targets and worst affected in any type of hazard.
Vulnerable groups focused Disaster Risk Management in a disaster prone country like Pakistan therefore needs its rightful importance.

NDMA through its Gender & Child Cell is pursing the said objective since the year 2010.
Formulation of National Policy Guideline was the first step in this direction followed by number of interventions to meet the dictates of GCC Framework The present undertaking of "Summary Report on Key Findings to Advance on Global Commitments on Gender Main streaming and GBV in Disaster Settings Context of Pakistan" is an enviable effort to contribute towards the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) of vulnerable groups in the entire spectrum of Disaster Management.
Lt. General Omar Mahmood Hayat Hilal-e-Imtiaz (M) Chairman-NDMA It is an inclusive work done with professional depth for which the efforts of all those involved is acknowledged with profound appreciation.

I will also like to thank our development partners especially UNFPA for continued support in the development of this document.

Acknowledgement GCC-NDMA would like to acknowledge the overall guidance and encouragement of the Chairman NDMA Lt. General Umar Mahmood Hayat.
We would also like to extend our gratitude to the Member Ms. Raheela Saad for her technical support and feedback throughout the process The NDMA is also grateful for the dedicated efforts and technical inputs of the GCC team, the Adviser/PM Ms. Tania Hamayun, Program Officer Syed Muhammad Ali and Admin/ Finance Officer Mr. Muhammad Arif for the support and assistance for undertaking this timely initiative in order to meet the objective of National Disaster Management Plan concerning the protection and interest of the vulnerable groups in disasters.
The NDMA further recognizes the invaluable contribution of Ms. Sofia Noreen- consultant for the completion of this assignment.

This study has identified Gender Based Violence Prevention/mitigation interventions that could be incorporated in the Framework to ensure gender equality within education sector especially in the context of 'Education in Emergencies' aspect of National Education Policy 2009.
We are very optimistic about the new dimensions the result of this study will add our future endeavours to safeguard the rights of vulnerable, especially women and girls during and post disasters.

Finally, a special thanks to UN-Women and UNPFA for their overall technical and financial support to the GCC-NDMA and specifically for this initiative, without which it would not have been possible to take this project to its logical conclusion in the shape of this document.
Abbreviations and Acronyms CEDAW COP DRM DRR ERRA GBV INGOs MWD NCCP NDMA NDMP SDG SGBV UNFCCC UNOCHA Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women Conference of Parties Disaster Risk Management Disaster Risk Reduction Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority Gender Based Violence International non-profit organizations Ministry of Women's Development National Climate Change Policy National Disaster Management Authority National Disaster Management Plan Sustainable Development Goals Sexual and Gender Based Violence United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Introduction Conflicts and natural disasters have increased dramatically in the past 10 years.
Climate related disasters affected an estimated 2.6 billion people between 1999 and 2009 , with the cost of responding to such disasters increasing tenfold between 1992 and 2008.

The expectations for coming years are not very encouraging.

The United Nations has just issued its largest-ever appeal for funding -$22.2 billion to spend on humanitarian relief in 2017- in recognition of the unprecedented need posed by crisis in Syrian, South Sudan, Yemen, Nigeria and elsewhere.
1 According to UNOCHA data, 1.3 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance, including 4.1 million women and girls at a reproductive age; 1.2 million women and girls at a reproductive age in hard to reach and besieged locations; 1.6 million internally displaced women and girls at a reproductive age; 360,000 pregnant women and 2.5 million youth .
2 Studies, surveys, research and reports from international organisations, international non-profit organisations (INGOs) and national non-profit organisations (NGOs) have proven that each emergency caused by natural disasters and conflicts has its own dynamics and complexities and differently affect women, children and people in vulnerable situations, who have to face greater challenges and risks to reach their full potential due to gender inequalities.
Gender equality is at the core of International Conventions, Frameworks and agreements on Humanitarian Actions, Climate Change, Disaster Reduction Risk and Human Rights.

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 stresses the unique role of women and girls in resilience building, vulnerability reducing and risk management in the respective communities.
The Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (COP21) and the 2016 World Humanitarian Summit stress the centrality of gender equality and women's empowerment, calling specifically for "the implementation of a coordinated approach to prevent and respond to gender-based violence".
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development reaffirms the essential role of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls as drivers for sustainable development, peace and for the full realization of their human rights.

In 2017, goal 5 will be reviewed at the High Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development.
As a result of these international agreements, the international community has recommended to swift the practices in place towards a movement to adopt emergency management programs based on a risk management approach, including activities in the five core components of emergency management: prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery.
The aim of these reforms is to ensure that a proactive and coordinated approach to manage emergencies is in place to reduce the significant risks faced by affected communities, and in particular victims of gender based violence.

UNOCHA https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Documents/EES_UNEP_ClimateChangeUrbanization_poster_April_2014_low_res.pdf 1 2 UNOCHA (2016) Data Trends.

http://www.unocha.org/datatrends2016/WHDT2016.pdf 1 1.
Background As the graphic below shows, the Government of Pakistan has ratified the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the United Nations Convention on the Right of Persons with Disabilities.
They have adhered to the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW); endorsed the Sendai Framework Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030; the Agenda for Humanity, the Paris Declaration of Aid Effectiveness, the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), and have adopted the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development.

In addition, on 10 November 2016 Pakistan ratified the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (COP21).
Figure 1: Global and National Polices Landscape in Pakistan.

Particular efforts have been undertaken on the environment and climate change agenda and on the adverse effects that inadequate implementation of measures causes to the most vulnerable population such as women, children and people with disabilities.
In this regard, the National Disaster Management Act (NDMA) 2010, the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Policy 2013 and the National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) 2012-2022 lay specific focus on inclusion of vulnerable groups, defined as "women, children, persons with disabilities, older people, marginalized and remote communities as well as different religious groups".
On 2014, the government took a step forward with the development of the National Policy Guidelines on Vulnerable Groups in Disasters, covering specifically gender, children, older persons and persons with disabilities in disaster preparedness, reduction, response, relief and rehabilitation.

Despite these advances, the gender gap remains wide in the Pakistani society, hampering the work done in disaster and emergency situations for women, girls and children.
2 4 3 5 Several roundtables , searches and studies have highlighted the vulnerability of rural Pakistani women to changes in weather patterns, and have confirmed the deplorable conditions of Pakistani women living in rural communities after a natural disaster occurs.
The NDMA has also urged to vow for an integrated approach in disaster management, which will help empower Pakistani women where their rights and socio-economic status are not equal to those of men, and build resilience against extreme climatic conditions .
Nevertheless, the inclusion of gender related issues within the Climate Change Policy is still an "add-on" aspect, rather than an integral part of DRR and climate change (CC) policies in Pakistan, as shown by the lack of policies, frameworks and plans that include gender related consequences among its measures, strategies and actions to put in place.
In 2013, as a follow-up to the National Climate Change Policy (NCCP), the Pakistani Government developed a Framework for Implementation of NCCP, which stated, "The Government is determined to support gender integration into various efforts to address climate change.

This would be achieved by countering the disproportionate burden of climate change on women by ensuring their empowerment and recognition of their critical role in the management of climate change plans and strategies".
However neither the former Ministry of Women's Development nor the Women's Development Departments at Provincial level nor the "Gender and Child Cell" established by the NDMA in 2010 are included in the Framework as an implementing institution of the NCCP.

The statements of the actions to be carried out are not gender specific.

The implementation of NCCP and decentralized approaches remains not very strong.
The government of Pakistan has made considerable efforts to include vulnerable groups in laws, policies, frameworks and plans following international declarations and agreements.

However, the expected level of women's empowerment and gender equality in disaster and emergency situations has not been reached.

2.
2.

Main Stakeholders in Gender Mainstreaming and GBV in Disasters Settings in Pakistan 6 The network of agencies that are part of the structure created by the government of Pakistan to prevent and deal with emergencies, human and natural disasters entails a high degree of bureaucracy by the large number of instances that are part of it.
According to the National Disaster Management Act -2010, seven Ministries are part of the National Disaster Management Commission together with representatives (governor, chief Ministries, Chief Executive, Prime Ministry, Chairman) from different provinces, the leader of opposition in Senate and in the National Assembly and representatives of civil society.
However, the former Ministry of Women's development was not part of the Commission nor of any new instances established from this Act, 3 4 5 6 Example: On 2016 expert roundtable on 'Gender and Climate Vulnerabilities: Future Directions for Policy Research and Action', organised by LEAD Pakistan, in collaboration with CDKN, OXFAM Novib and National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in Islamabad.
Example: The Social Policy and Development Sector (SPDC) study titled 'Gender and Social Vulnerability to Climate Change A Study of Disaster Prone Areas in Sindh At the expert roundtable on 'Gender and Climate Vulnerabilities: Future Directions for Policy Research and Action', organised by LEAD Pakistan, in collaboration with CDKN, OXFAM Novib and National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in Islamabad.
The 18th Amendment eliminated the Ministry of Women Development and devolved full responsibility for women's development to provincial governments.

3 namely The National Institute of Disaster Management; the National Disaster Response Force and the National Fund for Disaster Management.
As a substitute, the NDMA created the Gender and Child Cell aiming at prioritizing, mainstreaming gender and integrating needs and concerns of children and vulnerabilities of poor and marginalized segment of the society in humanitarian response, crisis management and DRR initiatives.
In the event of a disaster, all stakeholders including Government Ministries, Federal governments, Provincial governments, district governments, community organizations, armed forces, NGOs, businesses, research institutes, individuals and residents involved in the disaster management work through and form part of the NDMA.
But as with the NDMAct 2010, the NDMP 2012-22, which defines the measures to be considered necessary for disaster management, identifying the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders who are involved in the disaster management, does not include among its implementing organizations the former Ministry of Women's Development nor the Women's development Departments at Provincial level nor the Gender and Child Cell.
The NDMAct and the NDMP commit to highlighting the particular vulnerability of women and other groups, and mainstreaming them into DRR practices, however gender equality as such, is not mainstreamed in any of the planned activities.

In addition, the NDMP neither raises nor covers any activity related to the prevention, mitigation, risk management or recovery from any type of gender based violence against women, men and children in disaster settings.
Livelihood and women's empowerment skills are not identified as part of training courses.

From the desk review it follows that the gender and human rights approach is lacking in national disaster management plans, since in terms of gender equity "what is not visible, does not exist".
In this sense, it has been shown that although the Pakistani legal framework lays a specific focus on including vulnerable groups in disaster management, however, this is not materialized later in concrete actions to be taken into account by all stakeholders.
In fact, it has been through specific documents written on Pakistani women's rights and gender equality and on vulnerable groups situation, challenges, needs and concerns in Pakistan that a clear visualization can be found on who are the key stakeholders involved in the mainstreaming of gender equality in emergencies and in raising awareness about gender based violence in emergency in Pakistan.

Otherwise, this structure is not clear in the current Pakistani policies on DRR and climate change.
The most advanced province with legislative frameworks condemning and criminalizing all forms of violence against women is Punjab, approving in 2016 the unique "Protection of Women Against Violence Bill 2015" in the country so far.

Despite being so advanced, Punjab is not a location where UN Women convenes the Gender Taskforce for humanitarian policy and technical advice to the Humanitarian country team.
This province has also established District Protection Committees that are part of the gender equality machinery in humanitarian action.

All the above information shows that neither the National Disaster Management Act 2010, nor the National Disaster Management Plan nor the Gender Taskforce on Humanitarian Emergencies includes all the stakeholders needed to implement the frameworks and national plans on disaster management if vulnerable groups are taken into consideration.
There are several stakeholders that are not part of any of these structures and are key 4 to their development, especially regarding GBV prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery in disaster management.

For instance, literature reviewed from specialized handbooks and guidelines on humanitarian action, protection and gender-based violence affirm that the involvement of the community in all the steps of a human and natural disaster is crucial.
Community means not only national NGOs or community organizations but also, local leaders, authorities, traditional and religious representatives/leaders, community and civil society agencies, community service providers, grass root women's organizations, and men and women from marginalized groups.
In countries like Pakistan which has parallel non-formal justice systems allowing for the application of traditional/customary or religious law, such as chiefly or village courts, it is essential that these courts take into account ways in which violence against women - unlike most other crimes - is frequently justified or excused on cultural or religious grounds.
Both non formal justice systems and formal systems, must operate in accordance with gender equality standards, uphold the human right of women to live free from violence, ensure the accountability of perpetrators and they have to be taken into consideration in DRM but, this seems not to have been the case in Pakistan.
Figure 3: Key Stakeholders working on Gender and DRR in Pakistan 5 A representative sample of what would be an initial identification of key stakeholders to advance global commitments and priorities related to gender mainstreaming in disaster setting in the context in Pakistan, without taking into consideration the international stakeholders (UN Agencies, INGOs, IFRC, Media, etc.)

would be those present in this picture.


Among them, alliances, oppositions, capacities, weaknesses and opportunities need to be developed.

7 Faith and traditional leaders, civil society representatives and other stakeholders have a unique knowledge base and experience invaluable to participate in the design of advanced policies and programs on gender mainstreaming and GBV risk mitigation for disaster and climate change situations .
Civil society and other stakeholders include, but are not limited to: women victims/survivors; non-governmental organizations experienced in addressing violence against women; grassroots women's organizations; women and men from marginalized groups; service providers; police and prosecutors; legal aid; the judiciary; public and commercial media; health sector; HIV and AIDS prevention and response programs; education sector; the private sector; international and/or regional organizations.
The establishment of effective and accountable governance structures are also fundamental to build the bases of a legal, judicial, police and health system that can deal with GBV cases in disaster and climate change situations in accordance with what is regulated in international human rights treaties.
The development phase for National Action Plans is a critical period during which these structures should be set up or strengthened to ensure the formulation and later implementation of a coherent, comprehensive and sustained program of activity.

3.

Key Findings From the documentary review it emerges that the conclusions reached on the challenges and weaknesses faced by government agencies such as GCC, NDMA, NCWS and civil society organizations (LEAD Pakistan, Aurat Foundation, etc.
), in all matters related to gender equality, women's rights and sexual and gender-based violence are very similar, even coinciding in several cases.

This is to show that the key stakeholders know the reality to face and timely decision making, in time and form, should remedy both organizational and structural failures of the system.
With the signature and ratification of International Agreements as it is the UNFCCC, COP, the Sendai Framework, the Agenda for Humanity, the 2030 Agenda, CEDAW, etc., Pakistan has shown its commitment to improve the environment, contribute to climate change and advance in providing appropriate humanitarian assistance and 7 UNWOMEN.

Handbook for National Action Plan son VIolence Against Women 6 respect for international human rights.
All these documents have noted the importance of implementing gender-sensitive policies and plans to ensure more concrete progress in mainstreaming gender considerations and in acknowledging that violence against women is a violation of human rights.

National legislation on DRR and climate change measures are not as gender responsive as desired and do not respond explicitly to State obligations under relevant human rights treaties.
While recognizing the need to include and take vulnerable groups into account in DRM, their treatment is not mainstreamed in documents.

Pakistani legislation on DRR and Climate Change do not provide the establishment of taskforces/working groups to oversee the mainstreaming of gender considerations.

However, the creation of the Gender and Child Cell and its framework helped to alleviate this lack of legislation, trying to ensure that both DRR and climate change measures are gender responsive.
Despite the fact that the Pakistani government is shifting from a conceptual framework based on how people seek to cope with GBV in disasters to a risk management approach where the focus is on the development, implementation and maintenance of emergency SGBV programs, and after having developed a number of policies and initiatives on women's rights, gender equality, climate change and disaster risk reduction, gaps between legal frameworks and the realities experienced by women in households, communities and society persist.
Likewise, gaps in policy and practice exist both at the level of integrating disaster risk reduction into development planning and in including social vulnerability issues into disaster risk reduction.

The federal government allocation to climate change is dominated by energy and transport whereas Khyber Pakhtunkwna Province has a more diverse suite of climate related activities.
Climate change expenditures represented 6% of total federal budget in 2013-2014 and over half of climate change expenditure budget were related to mitigation.

The implementation of NCCP and decentralized approaches remain not very strong.

Political and legal willingness is key to achieve gender equality and respect of women's rights.
It has been identified as key finding the lack of real interest and commitment over time, as well as insufficient technical and human capacity to translate policy into practice.

Ensuring that there are not revisions to the laws that lessen the space for women's rights, including political rights is crucial for a balanced and healthy society.

Prevalence of discriminatory laws, ineffective public institutions, negative attitudes, and limited legal services impede women's access to justice and human rights.
Upholding women's rights is a crucial preparation associated to disaster risk reduction.

Including women in decision making structures of political parties and increasing the presence of women in the public sphere will also help to reach the commitments signed with the Sendai Framework and COP22 and raise awareness on gender inequalities in basic health and education services, resources, opportunities and decision-making powers.
In places where tradition and religion rules the live of women, it is fundamental to provide gender sensitive community education on the root causes of violence (gender discrimination, abuse of power and lack of respect for / belief in Human Rights for all); on gender stereotypes, discrimination and violence against women; on the consequences of climate change in women's lives; on early warning systems and hazard management; and on international human rights standards.
Education is one of the fundamental pillars for development.

The lack of it entails a subordinate society, linked to abusive governments.

Knowledge gives power, and for those who are already accustomed to exercising power over people this is a threat.

An educated population with 7 advanced literacy and general cultural knowledge enables them to be useful actors in emergency situations.

Climate change consequences are not the same for women living in rural areas as for those living in urban areas.
Low technical and financial capacity to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change produces negative impacts in the response and recovery phases of a humanitarian emergency.

Developing livelihood skills can be critical for women in rural areas, dependent on agriculture and whatever the land provides.

That is why education is a key issue not only for development but also for building capacities and empowering women.

Building capacities in disaster risk management is fundamental.
The National Disaster Management Plan 2012-22 has dedicated volume I to human resources and training courses to be provided for and by different stakeholders, and volume III to design guidelines for instructors and facilitators who work with the communities to raise awareness and build capacities in disaster risk management.
It is well known that Pakistan lacks qualified professionals (health, police, legal providers) that recognize signs of GBV or how to provide medical and psychological support to victims.

Police have very limited resources for responding to cases related to gender equality and climate change or disaster risk reduction and cases of GBV, and police may not report or incorrectly report cases of GBV as they are often viewed as family matters.
Prosecutions of GBV cases are lengthy, and victims or their families often seek redress through more traditional forms of dispute resolution.

Pre-service training strategies, as well as in-service professional and organizational development programs, should be envisaged across the gamut of professions involved, as well as with community leaders and the voluntary sector.
Those who work directly with victims/survivors include health, social and community service providers, police, prosecutors, the judiciary and other members of the legal profession.

Those who may be engaged in prevention initiatives include teachers and other school staff, community and faith leaders, local officials, urban planners, and workers in the media, human resources, early childhood or parenting professions.
In Pakistan, there is a need for training to focus not only on processes and procedures, but also on developing a shared understanding of the causes, consequences and nature of violence against women, in order to challenge prejudicial attitudes, which can undermine an effective response system.

In addition to this, Pakistan lacks a gender and age disaggregated data system that collects information targeting the most vulnerable people: women, children, elderly, disabled and minorities.
Almost all documents reviewed encourage the collection and use of gender and age disaggregated data as well as GBV statistics.

Lack of data hinders the ability of organizations to address what is a long standing, but poorly documented problem.
Allegedly, the Gender Crime Cell, created in 2006, within the National Police Bureau is responsible for gathering all the data related to GBV cases but they do not publicize its data, therefore governmental and civil society organizations can't make any use of this valuable information that is key for developing appropriate strategies; effective planning and awareness raising.
All of the above can't be improved with insufficient allocation of resources for effective development of institutional capacity, training, systematic awareness raising campaigns and budgeting to scale up programs to close gaps in gender equality and women's rights .
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Preliminary Entry Points Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery are the five components of emergency management.

Taking them a s preliminary entry points, the following will be some of the strategies to be taken into consideration.
Preliminary Entry Points for Prevention: Understanding the Causes and Contributing Factors of gender equality and GBV in disaster settings Understand the context (rural-urban) and the community.

Design strategies to address both the causes and the contributing factors.

Develop knowledge and understanding of gender differences in how emergencies are experienced.

Develop evidence-based programming and tailored assistance.
Strengthening policy development Develop knowledge of how to incorporate gender into decision-making, policy development and service delivery.

Establish evidence based.

Build partnerships with national, regional and local agencies/organizations/leaders.

Articulate GBV as a human rights abuse.

Preliminary Entry Points for Mitigation and Preparedness: Enhancing gender mainstreaming and GBV disaster preparedness for effective response Capacity Development of National Actors at all levels.
Capacity Development of potential victims/survivors of GBV.

Strengthening Community and Organizational Preparedness to gender mainstream and manage GBV in disaster risks.

Develop GBV protocols in disaster settings at all levels.
Capacity development of Traditional and Religious leaders Advocacy Investing in gender mainstreaming and GBV disaster risk reduction for resilience Preliminary Entry Points for Response: Understanding the Consequences of gender inequalities and GBV perpetrated in disaster settings Understand potential consequences/after-effects Identify survivor needs, wishes, preferences Design services to address consequences and prevent further trauma and harm Preliminary Entry Points for Recovery: Integrate gender mainstreaming and GBV prevention and mitigation strategies into programmes from the beginning of an emergency in ways that protect and empower women, girls and other at-risk groups.
Evaluate all programs included in the emergency management cycle (awareness raising campaigns; trainings; GBV protocols, etc.)

Improve sex-disaggregated data collection 10 5.

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