Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698753264511.pdf (New Zealand)
Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Government Bill Explanatory note General policy statement The Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill introduces amend- ments to the following enactments: • • Income Tax Act 2007 Tax Administration Act 1994.

Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) activities are used by some multinationals to pay little or no tax anywhere in the world.
The Bill proposes a package of measures to counter the particular BEPS strategies observed in New Zealand.

BEPS strategies distort investment decisions, allow multinationals to benefit from un- intended competitive advantages over more compliant or domestic companies, and re- sult in the loss of substantial corporate tax revenue.

More fundamentally, the per- ceived unfairness resulting from BEPS jeopardises citizens’ trust in the integrity of the tax system as a whole.
In brief, the proposed measures in this Bill will prevent multinationals from using: • • • • artificially high interest rates on loans from related parties to shift profits out of New Zealand (interest limitation rules); artificial arrangements to avoid having a taxable presence (a permanent estab- lishment) in New Zealand; transfer pricing payments to shift profits into their offshore group members in a manner that does not reflect the actual economic activities undertaken in New Zealand and offshore; and hybrid and branch mismatches that exploit differences between countries’ tax rules to achieve an advantageous tax position.
3—1 2 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note These and some other policy measures contained in this Bill are further described be- low.

Interest limitation rules Pricing related party debt When borrowing from a third-party, there are commercial pressures for the borrower to try to obtain as low an interest rate as possible—for example, by providing security on a loan and by ensuring their credit rating is not adversely affected by the amount being borrowed.
These same pressures do not exist for related party loans, as an interest payment from a New Zealand subsidiary to a multinational parent is not a true expense from the per- spective of the multinational’s shareholders.

Indeed, it can be profitable to try to in- crease the interest rate on related-party debt—for example, to shift profits out of New Zealand into a low tax country.
This is because the interest paid to the parent is de- ductible to the subsidiary, thereby reducing its taxable income in New Zealand.

There are 2 main ways to push up the interest rate charged on related party debt: • • First, the foreign parent can excessively debt fund the New Zealand subsidiary, to depress the subsidiary’s credit rating and make it look more risky as an in- vestment, and therefore justify a higher interest rate.
Second, a foreign parent can add terms and conditions into the debt instrument itself to justify a higher interest rate.

For example it can subordinate the debt or make the debt have a long duration—both of which would increase the interest rate compared to if they were dealing with each other at arms’ length.

To address profit-shifting, the Bill proposes new rules which will limit the interest rate on related party debt.
It does this by setting specific rules and parameters to: • • establish the credit rating of the New Zealand borrower; and determine (in combination with the credit rating rule) the amount of interest on the debt.
The proposed new rules will require that a group credit rating will apply to the New Zealand borrower—being the foreign parent’s credit rating minus 1 notch unless the borrower’s own credit rating is equal or higher than its foreign parent’s credit rating— in cases where there is a high BEPS risk.

A high BEPS risk is when the New Zealand borrower has: • • • a high level of debt in New Zealand (more than 40% of its assets); or high interest costs; or borrowed through a low or no tax jurisdiction.
Taxpayers are also able to choose to use the group credit rating as a safe harbour to reduce compliance costs.

In other cases where the presumed credit rating does not apply, the proposed new rules will allow the borrower’s standalone rating to be used, taking into account any Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 3 implicit parental support.
Under this approach there is still a strong presumption that the New Zealand borrower would be supported by its foreign parent when it is part of a multinational group—and therefore is a less risky borrower compared to an unrela- ted New Zealand entity.
Where a New Zealand borrower has a high BEPS risk but no identifiable parent they will be required to use a restricted credit rating—being the borrower’s own credit rat- ing if they had no higher than 40% debt and the credit rating cannot be lower than BBB−.

Aside from making the borrower appear riskier with excessive debt funding, the other way interest rates can be inflated is by imposing conditions on the lending that would not normally be found in standard third party debt.
The Bill therefore proposes rules that will generally require the following terms and conditions to be disregarded when pricing related party loans: • • • loan terms of more than 5 years; subordination; and other exotic features (such as interest payment deferral and convertibility to equity at the option of the borrower) that are generally not seen with third-party lending.
However, in some cases the New Zealand borrower may have borrowed from related parties using the same terms and conditions as their third party debt.

In such cases, they will be able to retain equivalent conditions when pricing their related party loans, so long as the relevant third party loans comprise at least 25% of their total related party debt.
This reflects the fact that when borrowing from a third party, there are commercial pressures to try to obtain a low interest rate, so the borrower is unlikely to agree to unnecessary conditions that increase the interest rate.

Allowable debt levels The Income Tax Act 2007 includes some existing thin capitalisation rules that limit the amount of debt that a foreign-owned subsidiary can claim deductions for interest paid.
Interest deductions are generally denied to the extent the debt exceeds 60% of the subsidiary’s assets.

The Bill proposes several changes to make the existing thin capitalisation rules more effective.

The most significant change is a proposal to reduce the measure of “assets” by sub- tracting “non-debt liabilities” (that is, liabilities other than interest-bearing debt).

Ex- amples of non-debt liabilities are trade credits, provisions, out-of-the-money deriva- tives and interest free loans.
Australia’s thin capitalisation rules require a similar ad- justment for non-debt liabilities.

The concern with the current treatment of non-debt liabilities is that it allows com- panies to have higher levels of debt (and therefore higher interest deductions) relative to the capital invested in a company by its shareholders.
For example, at present if a company purchases some inventory on deferred payment terms, the amount of debt 4 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note allowed under the thin capitalisation rules will increase (because the new inventory has increased its assets but its interest bearing debts have stayed the same).

The Bill also proposes a revised anti-avoidance rule targeted at taxpayers who repay a loan immediately before a measurement date.
The Bill also proposes tighter rules for valuing assets.

The existing measure of assets typically uses the values reported in the company’s published financial statements, with an alternative option to use the current market value of an asset instead.

The Bill proposes placing tighter conditions on the current market value option so it is avail- able only if the valuation is made or verified by an independent expert valuer.
The Bill also proposes a tighter limit on the ability for companies owned by a group of non-residents to use related-party debt.

It does this by preventing these companies from using the existing 110% limit for their related party debt so that they cannot claim any interest deductions on related party debt to the extent to which the compa- ny’s debt level exceeds 60% of its assets minus non-debt liabilities.
The Bill proposes 2 exemptions from the thin capitalisation rules to reduce the burden on taxpayers in cases where there is little risk of BEPS.

The first exemption is an ex- tension of the de minimis in the outbound rules to the inbound rules, whereby the thin capitalisation rules will not apply if a taxpayer has interest deductions of less than $1m and does not have any owner-linked debt.

The second exemption applies to infrastructure contracts entered into with the central government or Crown entities.
This exemption allows all of an infrastructure project’s third party debt to be deductible even if the debt levels exceed the normal thin capital- isation limits, provided the debt only has recourse against the assets associated with the infrastructure project and the income arising from those assets.
The purpose of this rule is to improve the competitiveness in the bidding process for Public Private Partnership (PPP) procurement contracts by allowing investors that are subject to the thin capitalisation rules to make bids on a level playing field with investors that are not subject to the thin capitalisation rules.

Permanent establishment rules New Zealand has 40 Double Tax Agreements (DTAs) with other jurisdictions.
Where one of these DTAs applies, New Zealand is only able to tax a non-resident on its in- come from sales to New Zealand customers if the non-resident has a permanent estab- lishment in New Zealand.
The problem is that some multinationals are able to structure their operations so that their New Zealand sales and associated profits are booked in an offshore entity which under current rules is not considered to have a permanent establishment in New Zea- land, despite the fact that, in substance, the sales are generated by New Zealand-based salespeople.

As a consequence New Zealand is unable to apply income tax to the multinational’s New Zealand sales.
Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 5 The OECD has recently updated their model tax treaty to address this issue and New Zealand is adopting this into many of our DTAs by signing the OECD’s Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent BEPS.

However, a domestic law change is necessary to cover cases where the relevant DTA does not yet include the OECD’s new recommendation.
The Bill therefore proposes a new anti-avoidance rule that will deem a multinational to have a permanent establishment in New Zealand if: • • • • the non-resident supplies goods or services to a person in New Zealand; the non-resident is part of a multinational group that is required to file Country- by-Country reports (i.e.
the multinational group has more than EUR €750m of consolidated global turnover); related entity (either associated or commercially dependant) carries out an ac- tivity in New Zealand in connection with that particular sale for the purpose of bringing it about, unless the activity is only preparatory or auxiliary; and the arrangement has a more than merely incidental purpose of tax avoidance.
Australia and the UK have already implemented similar permanent establishment avoidance rules in their domestic laws.

The new permanent establishment avoidance rule will not apply if the relevant DTA includes the OECD’s new BEPS-related updates to the permanent establishment def- inition.

Source rules New Zealand can only tax non-residents on income that has a New Zealand source under the source rules of the Income Tax Act 2007.
The Bill proposes several amend- ments to expand and strengthen the rules for taxing New Zealand-sourced income: • • • An amount of income will be deemed to have a source in New Zealand if New Zealand has a right to tax that income under any applicable DTA.

This ensures that whenever New Zealand negotiates taxing rights under a DTA that we can also tax this income under our source rules.
This is the same position which Australia takes under its DTAs, and the proposed rule already applies to all in- come covered by our DTA with Australia.

In cases where a non-resident business is a resident of a jurisdiction that New Zealand does not have a DTA with, a new definition of permanent establish- ment may apply to deem any business income earned through a New Zealand permanent establishment to have a New Zealand source.
This new definition of permanent establishment is outlined in schedule 23 of the Bill.

It is based on the permanent establishment definition in New Zealand’s model DTA and in- cludes the BEPS-related updates recommended by the OECD.
A potential weakness of the life insurance source rules is addressed by ensuring that no deductions are available for the reinsurance of life policies if the premi- 6 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note um income on that policy is not taxable in New Zealand, including where the income is not subject to New Zealand tax by operation of a DTA.
Transfer pricing rules Transfer pricing rules guard against multinationals using related party payments to shift profits offshore by requiring these payments to be consistent with an arm’s length/market price that unrelated parties would agree to.

The Bill proposes amendments to strengthen the transfer pricing rules so they align with the OECD’s transfer pricing guidelines and Australia’s transfer pricing rules.
This involves amending New Zealand’s transfer pricing rules so that: • • • • • • • • they refer to using the 2017 OECD transfer pricing guidelines as guidance for how the rules are applied; the economic substance and actual conduct of the parties have priority over the terms of the legal contract.
This is achieved by requiring the transfer pricing transaction to be “accurately delineated” consistent with section D.1 of chapter I of the new OECD guidelines; transfer pricing arrangements which are not commercially rational because they include unrealistic terms that third parties would not be willing to agree to can be disregarded or replaced.
This is consistent with the chapter I, section D.2 of the new OECD guidelines; the legislation specifically refers to arm’s length conditions (as per Australia’s legislation) to clarify that the transfer pricing rules can be used to adjust condi- tions other than the price; the onus of proof for demonstrating that a taxpayer’s transfer pricing position aligns with arm’s length conditions is shifted from Inland Revenue to the tax- payer (consistent with the onus of proof being on the taxpayer for other tax matters); the time bar that limits Inland Revenue’s ability to adjust a taxpayer’s transfer pricing position is increased from 4 to 7 years (in line with Australia); in addition to applying to transactions between related parties, the transfer pric- ing rules will also apply when non-resident investors “act in concert” to effect- ively control a New Zealand entity, such as through a private equity manager; the new legislation codifies the requirement for large multinationals to provide Inland Revenue with the information required to comply with the OECD’s Country-by-Country reporting initiative.
Administrative measures for investigating large multinational groups It can be difficult and resource intensive for Inland Revenue to assess and engage in disputes with multinationals in practice.

This is partly due to the difficulties Inland Revenue faces in obtaining the relevant information.
To address these issues, the Bill proposes strengthening Inland Revenue’s powers to investigate large multinationals (with at least EUR €750m of global revenues) that do Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 7 not cooperate with a tax investigation.
This involves amending the Tax Administra- tion Act 1994 to allow Inland Revenue to: • • • • collect any tax owed by a member of a large multinational group from any wholly-owned group member, provided the non-resident fails to pay the tax it- self; use section 17 of the Tax Administration Act 1994 to request information that is held offshore by another group member of the large multinational group; more readily assess a large multinational group’s tax position based on the in- formation available to Inland Revenue in cases where the group has failed to adequately respond to an information request.
A failure to provide the reques- ted information to Inland Revenue can also prevent the information from being subsequently admitted as evidence in court proceedings.

These proposals are based on an existing provision in section 21 of the Tax Administration Act 1994 which currently applies to deductible payments; and impose a new civil penalty of up to $100,000 for large multinational groups which fail to provide requested information (which replaces the current $12,000 maximum criminal penalty).
Hybrid and branch mismatches Hybrid and branch mismatches are cross-border arrangements that exploit differences in the tax treatment of an entity, branch, or instrument under the laws of 2 or more countries to create a tax advantage.
There are a number of ways this can be achieved, including: • • • through a payment being deductible for a payer in 1 country but not included as taxable income for the payee in the other country; a single payment being able to be deducted against different income streams in 2 countries; other arrangements that result in double non-taxation outcomes through the use of hybrid instruments, entities, or branches.
The OECD has made a number of recommendations as to how countries can improve their domestic rules to prevent mismatches arising and neutralise their effect when they do arise.

These recommendations relate to Action 2 of the OECD/G20 BEPS Ac- tion Plan: Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements.
To address hybrid mismatch BEPS strategies the Bill proposes law changes that rep- resent a comprehensive adoption of the OECD recommendations on hybrid and branch mismatch arrangements with suitable modifications for the New Zealand con- text.
Some examples of these modifications are to ensure that New Zealand compan- ies with simple foreign branch structures are not caught by the rules, or that the rules do not apply to purely domestic firms, and not introducing rules when an adequate New Zealand provision already exists.

8 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note The OECD recommends 2 kinds of rules.

The first are rules specifically designed to reduce the likelihood of hybrid mismatches arising.
The second are “linking rules”, which apply to payments that give rise to a deduction in more than 1 country, or which give rise to a deduction in 1 country but are not taxed as income in another country due to a hybrid or branch mismatch.
These generally only apply to: • • arrangements between related parties (25% or more commonly owned) or con- trol groups (50% or more commonly owned); or structured arrangements—generally, arrangements between non-associated par- ties which intentionally exploit such mismatches.

The linking rules operate on the basis of “primary” and “secondary” taxing rights to reflect their cross-border nature.

This means that 1 country is allocated the primary right to counter the tax benefits of the arrangement.
If the country with this primary right does not have hybrid and branch mismatch rules, then the other country in- volved has a secondary right to counter the tax benefits.

As a result, the relevant rules contained in this Bill have separate provisions to cover situations when New Zealand has the primary right and when it has the secondary right.

This is necessary to ensure that all hybrids with a New Zealand resident party are within the scope of the rules.
A further issue concerns cross-border hybrid financial instruments that are treated as debt in New Zealand but equity in an overseas jurisdiction.

To address this, the Bill proposes a new hybrid mismatch rule which allows New Zealand to charge non-resi- dent withholding tax on payments under such instruments if New Zealand allows an interest deduction for the payment.
This rule would override our double tax agree- ments and would apply retrospectively, but contains a “savings” provision for taxpay- ers that have adopted a contrary position prior to the introduction of the Bill.

Departmental disclosure statement The Inland Revenue Department is required to prepare a disclosure statement to assist with the scrutiny of this Bill.
The disclosure statement provides access to information about the policy development of the Bill and identifies any significant or unusual legislative features of the Bill.

A copy of the statement can be found at http://legislation.govt.nz/disclosure.aspx?

type=bill&subtype=government&year=2017&no=3 Regulatory impact statement The Inland Revenue Department produced 4 regulatory impact statements to help in- form the main policy decisions taken by the Government relating to the contents of this Bill.
Copies of these regulatory impact statements can be found at— • • http://taxpolicy.ird.govt.nz/publications/type/ris http://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/informationreleases/ris Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 9 Clause 1 gives the title.

Clause by clause analysis Clause 2 gives the dates on which the clauses come into force.

Under subclause (1), most come into force on 1 July 2018.
Under subclause (2), a pair of provisions come into force retrospectively on 1 April 2008.

Under subclause (3), another pair of provi- sions come into force retrospectively on 1 January 2016.

Under subclause (4), several provisions come into force on the day on which the Act receives the Royal assent.
Part 1 Amendments to Income Tax Act 2007 Clause 3 provides that Part 1 amends the Income Tax Act 2007 Clause 4 amends section BH 1, which relates to double tax agreements, by amending subsection (4) to exclude new sections GB 54 and RF 11C from the effect of a double tax agreement.

The exclusion of section RF 11C is made retrospectively.
Clause 5 inserts new section CH 10B, recognising income arising under section FE 7B when a participant in a public project is required to apportion interest expend- iture arising from public project debt.

Clause 6 inserts a new heading and section CH 12, recognising income arising under new subpart FH, which matches deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional ar- rangements.
Clause 7 inserts a new heading and section CX 64, recognising excluded income aris- ing under new subpart FH, which matches deductions and income from multi-juris- dictional arrangements.

Clause 8 inserts a new heading and section DB 57B, recognising deductions arising, and the denial of deductions for amounts, under new subpart FH, which matches de- ductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements.
Clause 9 amends section DR 3 to deny a deduction for a life reinsurance premium paid to a non-resident life reinsurer if the premium is not taxed as income of the life reinsurer.

Clause 10 amends section EX 20D, to insert references to non-debt liabilities in cal- culations, reflecting the amendments to section FE 12.

Clause 11 amends section EX 20E, to insert references to non-debt liabilities in calcu- lations, reflecting the amendments to section FE 12.
Clause 12 amends section EX 44 to include a reference to new section EX 47B, which limits the calculation methods for calculating FIF income or loss from a returning share transfer under a structured arrangement.

Clause 13 amends section EX 46 to limit the options available for calculating FIF in- come or loss from a returning share transfer under a structured arrangement.
10 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note Clause 14 inserts new section EX 47B, which requires the use of a particular calcula- tion method for calculating FIF income or loss from a returning share transfer under a structured arrangement in some circumstances.
Clause 15 amends section EX 52 by inserting new subsection (14C), which intro- duces an exception to a calculation method for calculating FIF income or loss from a returning share transfer if it is part of a structured arrangement.

Clause 16 amends section EX 53 by inserting new subsection (16C), which intro- duces an exception to a calculation method for calculating FIF income or loss from a returning share transfer if it is part of a structured arrangement.
Clause 17 inserts new section FE 4B, defining public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt, which are defined terms used in new section FE 7B.

Clause 18 amends section FE 5, which sets, for excess debt entities, the thresholds used by the thin capitalisation rules in the apportionment of interest.
Subclauses (1) and (2) amend subsection (1), and subclause (6) inserts new subsection (6), to provide for new rules applying to an excess debt entity controlled by a group of non-residents or a group of non-residents acting in concert.

Subclauses (3) to (5) make amendments consequential on the amendments to section FE 12, changing the way in which debt percentages are calculated to include non-debt liabilities.
Clause 19 amends section FE 6, which provides for the apportionment required by section FE 5 for interest expenditure of excess debt entities.

Subclause (1) amends the formula in subsection (2) by inserting a new item providing for the denial of interest amounts under subpart FH.

Subclause (2) amends section FE 6(3)(a) to exclude from that item in the formula the effect of subpart FH.

Subclause (3) inserts new section FE 6(3)(aba), which defines the item inserted by subclause (1).
Subclause (4) amends section FE 6(3)(ac), as it relates to a concession increasing the amount of deductions available after apportionment of interest.

Subclauses (5) and (6) amend section FE 6(3)(e) by providing for the apportionment of interest expenditure by an excess debt entity owned by a non-resident owning body or a group of non-residents acting in concert.

Subclause (7) provides for the period of application of the amendments in subclauses (1) to (4).
Subclause (8) provides for the period of application of subclau- ses (5) and (6) and refers to section FZ 8, which provides for a transition period be- fore some excess debt entities are fully affected by the amendments.

Clause 20 inserts new section FE 7B, which applies the thin capitalisation rules separ- ately to the debt and assets that are associated with a public project for a participant in the public project.
The public project is treated as if it were the sole business of the participant and the public project debt and public project assets were the participant’s sole debt and assets.

The treatment of the interest expenditure on public project debt depends on whether the public project debt is provided by other participants in the public project and whether the public project debt is secured solely against public project assets.
Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 11 Clause 21 amends section FE 8 to insert references to non-debt liabilities, consequen- tial on the amendments to section FE 12.

Clause 22 amends section FE 10 to insert references to non-debt liabilities, conse- quential on the amendments to section FE 12.
Clause 23 replaces section FE 11 to provide for the effect of new section GB 51B by excluding from calculations under the interest apportionment rules the fluctuations to which that section applies.

Clause 24 amends the formula in section FE 12 for calculating the debt percentage of a group.

Under the amended formula, the value of the group’s non-debt liabilities is subtracted from the group’s assets.
Clause 25 amends section FE 14 to insert references to non-debt liabilities, conse- quential on the amendments to section FE 12.

Clause 26 amends section FE 15 to exclude, from the definition of total group debt, financial arrangements for which deductions are denied under new section FH 3, FH 7, or FH 11.

Clause 27 amends section FE 16 to provide for the valuation of assets for the pur- poses of the interest apportionment rules.
Clause 28 inserts new section FE 16B, which defines total group non-debt liabilities for the purpose of the amendments to section FE 12.

Clause 29 amends section FE 18, which provides for the measurement of the debts and assets of a worldwide group.

Subclauses (1) and (2) insert references to non-debt liabilities, consequential on the amendments to section FE 12.
Subclause (3) extends the description of debts that are not included in the total group debts to include debt from an owner who has made significant settlements on a trustee that is a member of the group.

Clause 30 inserts new subpart FH, which provides for the matching of deductions and income arising from arrangements between parties in more than 1 jurisdiction having different taxation law.

The subpart contains new sections FH 1 to FH 15.


A brief de- scription of the background and general scheme and effect of the sections is given by section FH 1.

Clause 31 inserts new heading and section FZ 8, which gives the rules relating to a transition period for excess debt entities owned by a non-resident owning body, or a group of non-residents acting in concert, and affected by some of the amendments to sections FE 5 and FE 6.
Clause 32 amends section GB 2 by amending a heading in a cross-reference.

Clause 33 inserts new section GB 51B, which provides for calculations under the in- terest apportionment rules to ignore fluctuations in value caused by an action or omis- sion or arrangement with a purpose or effect of defeating the intent and application of the rules.
Clause 34 inserts new heading and section GB 54, which treats a non-resident that is a large multinational group or is a member of a large multinational group, under the 12 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note new definition, as having a permanent establishment in New Zealand if the non-resi- dent makes a supply of goods and services in New Zealand with the help of a facilita- tor in New Zealand.
Clause 35 amends section GC 6, which provides for the purpose and effect of the transfer pricing rules.

Subclauses (2) and (5) insert in subsections (1) and (2) referen- ces to control group, rather than association, as the test for the application of the transfer pricing rules to the parties to an arrangement.

Subclause (3) inserts new sub- section (1B), which provides that the transfer pricing rules apply consistently with the OECD transfer pricing guidelines.
Subclause (4) inserts new subsection (1C), which provides for the effect of new sections GC 15 to GC 18 to be taken into account in the application of the transfer pricing rules in sections GC 7 to GC 14.

Clause 36 amends section GC 13, which provides for the calculation of arm’s length amounts for a transfer pricing arrangement.

Subclause (1) replaces subsection (1), which specifies the approach to calculating an arm’s length amount.
Subclause (2) updates the list of methods that may be used for the calculation.

Subclause (3) repla- ces subsections (4) and (5), which specify how arm’s-length conditions for a transfer pricing arrangement are determined as part of determining an arm’s length amount.

Subclause (4) inserts new subsection (6) which provides that the time limit for a reas- sessment under the transfer pricing rules is 7 tax years after the tax year in which a return of income is made for the assessed income year.
Clause 37 inserts new heading and sections GC 15 to GC 18, which relate to the treatment of loans under the transfer pricing rules.

The new sections provide for ad- justments to the credit rating of the borrower and the disregarding of features of the loan that would increase the interest rate paid by a borrower under an equivalent loan from an independent lender.
Section GC 15 provides that the adjustments to credit rat- ings under sections GC 16 and GC 17, and the disregarding of loan features under section GC 18, are to be made before the other transfer pricing rules are applied.

The section also gives the meaning of 3 terms used in the sections, which are insuring or lending person, which relates to a person having loans that are affected by regulatory requirements, cross-border related loan, and indirect associated funding arrange- ment.
Clause 38 inserts new section HD 30, which provides that a member of a wholly- owned large multinational group is an agent of another member of the wholly-owned large multinational group for tax obligations.

Clause 39 amends section IA 2 to provide for the treatment of mismatch amounts that arise under new section FH 8 and are later treated as ordinary losses under new sec- tion FH 12(8).
Clause 40 amends section LE 1, to introduce an exception to the availability of a tax credit for an imputation credit from a share affected by a returning share transfer.

The exception applies if the parties to the returning share transfer are related or the return- ing share transfer is a structured arrangement.
Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 13 Clause 41 amends section RF 2C by introducing an item in the formula in subsection (4) that removes from the calculation amounts that are denied as deductions under new sections FH 3, FH 7, and FH 11.
Clause 42 inserts new section RF 11C, which provides that a payment by a non-resi- dent company to another non-resident company of non-resident passive income that consists of interest is treated by the NRWT rules as consisting of interest, even if a double tax agreement would otherwise require the payment to be treated as a divi- dend.

The amendment resolves an issue regarding the effect of tax treaty provisions on New Zealand’s right to impose withholding tax on such instruments.
It comes into force on 1 April 2008.

Subclause (2) provides for an exception if a person has taken a tax position, for a payment, that is inconsistent with the amendment.

Clause 43 amends section YA 1, which contains definitions.

Subclause (2) inserts a new definition of act together.

Subclause (3) amends the definition of arm’s length amount by correcting a heading in a cross-reference.

Subclause (4) inserts a new def- inition of branch mismatch report, by reference to section FH 15.
Subclause (5) in- serts a new definition of control group, by reference to section FH 15.

Subclause (6) inserts a new definition of country-by-country report by reference to section 78G of the Tax Administration Act 1994, which requires a large multinational group to make such a report.

Subclause (7) amends the definition of deductible foreign equity distri- bution to allow for the effect of hybrid mismatch legislation.
Subclause (8) inserts a new definition of financial instrument, by reference to section FH 15.

Subclause (9) amends the definition of goods by inserting cross-references to sections GB 54 and YD 4B.

Subclause (10) inserts a new definition of hybrid mismatch legislation, by ref- erence to section FH 15.

Subclause (11) inserts a new definition of hybrid mismatch report, by reference to section FH 15.
Subclause (12) inserts a new definition of large multinational group, as a consequence of the obligation to provide information im- posed by new section 78G of the Tax Administration Act 1994.

Subclause (13) amends the definition of life reinsurer by correcting a cross-reference.

Subclause (14) inserts a new definition of mismatch amount, by reference to section FH 15.

Sub- clause (15) inserts a new definition of mismatch situation, by reference to section FH 15.
Subclause (16) inserts a new definition of OECD transfer pricing guidelines.

Subclause (17) inserts a new definition of permanent establishment by reference to section YD 4B.

Subclause (18) inserts new definitions of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt, by reference to section FE 4B.

Sub- clause (19) inserts a new definition of related, by reference to section FH 15.
Sub- clause (20) amends the definition of related-party debt so that the definition applies generally.

Subclause (21) amends the definition of returning share transfer to remove a requirement that the share be listed.

Subclause (22) amends the definition of ser- vices to include new cross-references.

Subclause (23) inserts a new definition of structured arrangement, by reference to section FH 15.

Subclause (24) inserts a new definition of surplus assessable income, by reference to section FH 15.
Subclause (25) inserts a new definition of total group non-debt liabilities by reference to new section FE 16B.

Subclause (26) amends the definition of transfer pricing arrange- 14 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Explanatory note ment by correcting a heading in a cross-reference.

Subclause (27) inserts a new defin- ition of wholly-owned large multinational group.
Clause 44 amends section YD 4, which gives classes of income having a New Zea- land source, by inserting new subsection (17C), which relates to income from a per- manent establishment in New Zealand, and new subsection (17D), which relates to in- come taxable by New Zealand under a double tax agreement.
Clause 45 inserts new section YD 4B, which defines a permanent establishment in New Zealand by reference to the definition of the term in an applicable double tax agreement, or by reference to new schedule 23 if there is no applicable double tax agreement.

Clause 46 inserts new section YD 5(1BA), which excludes from the section business activities carried on through a permanent establishment, as a consequence of the in- sertion of new section YD 5B.
Clause 47 inserts new section YD 5B, which provides for the apportionment of in- come from business activities carried on through a permanent establishment in New Zealand.

Clause 48 inserts new schedule 23, containing the definition of a permanent establish- ment for a resident of a jurisdiction with which New Zealand does not have an applic- able double tax agreement.
Part 2 Amendments to Tax Administration Act 1994 Clause 49 provides that Part 2 amends the Tax Administration Act 1994 Clause 50 amends section 17 by inserting new subsection (1CB), which provides when information is in the knowledge, possession, or control of a member of a large multinational group for the purposes of sections 139AB, 143, and 143A.
Clause 51 inserts new section 21BA, which limits the availability, as evidence in pro- ceedings, of information that is not provided by a member of a large multinational group when required by the Commissioner.

The Commissioner must notify a member of the consequences of not providing the information and that the Commissioner may exercise her powers relying on the information already held by the Commissioner.
Clause 52 inserts new section 78G, which requires a large multinational group with an ultimate parent in New Zealand to provide a country-by-country report to the Commissioner.

Clause 53 inserts new section 139AB, which provides for a civil penalty of an amount determined by the Commissioner if a member of a large multinational group fails to provide information within the knowledge, information, or control of the member under new section 17(1CB).
Clause 54 amends section 143 to provide a member of a large multinational group with a defence against a charge under that section of failing to provide information Explanatory note Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 15 that is presumed by new section 17(1CB) to be within the knowledge, information, or control of the member.
Clause 55 amends section 143A to provide a member of a large multinational group with a defence against a charge of an offence under that section of failing to provide information that is presumed by new section 17(1CB) to be within the knowledge, in- formation, or control of the member.

The schedule contains new schedule 23, which is inserted by clause 48 and gives the meaning of permanent establishment applicable when no double tax agreement ap- plies.
Hon Stuart Nash Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Government Bill Contents Page Title Commencement Part 1 Amendments to Income Tax Act 2007 Income Tax Act 2007 Section BH 1 amended (Double tax agreements) New section CH 10B inserted (Interest apportionment: public project debt) CH 10B Interest apportionment: public project debt New heading and section CH 12 inserted Financial instruments and hybrid mismatches CH 12 New heading and section CX 64 inserted Income from hybrid mismatch arrangement Financial instruments and hybrid mismatches Income from financial instrument CX 64 New heading and section DB 57B inserted Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements DB 57B Matching of deductions and income from multi- jurisdictional arrangements 9 10 Section DR 3 amended (Life reinsurance outside New Zealand) Section EX 20D amended (Adjustment of cost fraction for excessively debt funded CFC) 3—1 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 1 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Section EX 20E amended (Relative debt-asset ratio for CFC) Section EX 44 amended (Five calculation methods) Section EX 46 amended (Limits on choice of calculation methods) New section EX 47B inserted (Method required for shares subject to certain returning share transfers) EX 47B Method required for shares subject to certain returning share transfers Section EX 52 amended (Fair dividend rate annual method) Section EX 53 amended (Fair dividend rate periodic method) New section FE 4B inserted (Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt) FE 4B Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt Section FE 5 amended (Thresholds for application of interest apportionment rules) Section FE 6 amended (Apportionment of interest by excess debt entity) New section FE 7B inserted (Interest on public project debt for certain excess debt entities) FE 7B Interest on public project
 debt for certain excess debt entities Section FE 8 amended (Measurement dates) Section FE 10 amended (Currency) Section FE 11 replaced (Temporary increases or decreases in value) FE 11 Disregarded increases or decreases in value Section FE 12 amended (Calculation of debt percentages) Section FE 14 amended (Consolidation of debts and assets) Section FE 15 amended (Total group debt) Section FE 16 amended (Total group assets) New section FE 16B inserted (Total group non-debt liabilities) FE 16B Total group non-debt liabilities Section FE 18 amended (Measurement of debts and assets of worldwide group) New subpart FH inserted (Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements) Subpart FH—Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements FH 1 FH 2 FH 3 Subpart implements OECD recommendations for domestic law Order of application of provisions Payments under financial instruments producing deduction without income Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill FH 6 FH 7 FH 5 FH 8 FH 4 Receipts under financial instruments producing deduction without income Payments by New Zealand resident or New Zealand branch producing deduction without income Receipts from non-resident or foreign branch producing deduction without income Payments to person outside New Zealand producing deduction without income Expenditure or loss through hybrid entity or foreign branch producing double deduction without double income Expenditure or loss of hybrid entity, or non-resident through branch, producing double deduction without double income Expenditure or loss of dual resident company producing double deduction without double income FH 11 Residents, or non-residents with branches, having expenditure funding overseas hybrid mismatches FH 10 FH 9 31 32 33 34 35
 36 37 FH 12 Offset of mismatch amounts against surplus assessable income Election by borrower under financial arrangement Irrevocable election by owner of hybrid entity FH 13 FH 14 FH 15 Definitions New heading and section FZ 8 inserted Interest apportionment rules FZ 8 Transition period for amendments to interest apportionment rules Section GB 2 amended (Arrangements involving transfer pricing) New section GB 51B inserted (Increases or decreases in value) GB 51B Increases or decreases in value New heading and section GB 54 inserted Arrangements involving establishments and non- resident businesses GB 54 Arrangements involving establishments Section GC 6 amended (Purpose of rules and nature of arrangements) Section GC 13 amended (Calculation of arm’s length amounts) New heading and sections GC 15 to GC 18 inserted Cross-border related loans GC 15 Aspects of loan adjusted for application of sections GC 16 Credit rating of borrower: other than insuring or lending person GC 17 Credit rating of borrower: insuring or lending person 24 26 28 29 30 31 32 32 33 36 36 37 42 42 43 43 44 44 44 45 46 47 48 49 52 3 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill GC 18 Loan features disregarded by rules for transfer pricing arrangements New section HD 30 inserted (Members of wholly-owned large multinational group) HD 30 Members of wholly-owned large multinational group Section IA 2 amended (Tax losses) Section LE 1 amended (Tax credits for imputation credits) Section RF 2C amended (Meaning of non-resident financial arrangement income) New section RF 11C inserted (Interest paid by non-resident companies to non-residents) RF 11C Interest paid by non-resident companies to non-residents Section YA 1 amended (Definitions) Section YD 4 amended (Classes of income treated as having New Zealand source) New section YD 4B inserted (Meaning of permanent establishment) YD 4B Meaning of permanent establishment Section YD 5 amended (Apportionment of income derived partly in New
 Zealand) New section YD 5B inserted (Attribution of income derived through permanent establishment in New Zealand) YD 5B Attribution of income derived through permanent establishment in New Zealand 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 New schedule 23 inserted (Meaning of permanent establishment) Part 2 Amendments to Tax Administration Act 1994 Tax Administration Act 1994 Section 17 amended (Information to be furnished on request of Commissioner) New section 21BA inserted (Information required to be provided by large multinational group) 21BA Information required to be provided by large multinational group New section 78G inserted (Country-by-country report from large multinational group) 78G Country-by-country report from large multinational group New section 139AB inserted (Penalty for member of large multinational group failing to provide information) 139AB Penalty for member of large multinational group failing to provide information Section 143 amended (Absolute liability offences) Section 143A amended (Knowledge offences) Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Schedule New schedule 23 Part 1 cl 5 67 The Parliament of New Zealand enacts as follows: 1 Title This Act is the Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Act 2017.
2 (1) (2) (3) (4) Commencement This Act comes into force on 1 July 2018, except as provided in this section.

Sections 4(1) and 42 come into force on 1 April 2008.

Sections 43(6) and 52 come into force on 1 January 2016.

Sections 38, 43(12), 50, 51, 53, 54, and 55 come into force on the day on which this Act receives the Royal assent.

Part 1 Amendments to Income Tax Act 2007 3 Income Tax Act 2007 This Part amends the Income Tax Act 2007.
4 (1) (2) (3) Section BH 1 amended (Double tax agreements) In section BH 1(4), words before paragraph (a), replace “subsection (5)” with “subsection (5), or section RF 11C (Interest paid by non-resident companies to non-residents)”.

In section BH 1(4), words before paragraph (a), replace “section BG 1 (Tax avoidance),” with “section BG 1 or GB 54 (which relate to tax avoidance) or”.
Subsection (1) applies for a person for the 2008–09 and later income years except for a payment of non-resident passive income made before the date of introduction of the Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill, for which the person has adopted a tax position that is inconsistent with the amendment made by subsection (1).
5 New section CH 10B inserted (Interest apportionment: public project debt) (1) After section CH 10, insert: 5 Part 1 cl 6 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill CH 10B Interest apportionment: public project debt When this section applies (1) This section applies when an excess debt entity is required under section FE 7B (Interest on public project debt for certain excess debt entities) to appor- tion its interest expenditure arising from public project debt.
5 Income (2) The amount calculated under section FE 7B(3) is income of the excess debt entity for the income year.

Defined in this Act: amount, excess debt entity, income, income year, interest, public project debt (2) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
10 6 New heading and section CH 12 inserted (1) After section CH 11, insert: Financial instruments and hybrid mismatches CH 12 Income from hybrid mismatch arrangement An amount is assessable income if it is treated as assessable income under sub- part FH (Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from mul- ti-jurisdictional arrangements).

Defined in this Act: amount, assessable income (2) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
7 New heading and section CX 64 inserted (1) After section CX 63, insert: Financial instruments and hybrid mismatches 15 20 CX 64 Income from financial instrument An amount is excluded income if it is treated as excluded income under sub- part FH (Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from mul- ti-jurisdictional arrangements).

25 Defined in this Act: amount, excluded income (2) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
8 New heading and section DB 57B inserted (1) After section DB 57, insert: 30 6 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 10 Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi- jurisdictional arrangements DB 57B Matching of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements Deduction denied 5 (1) An amount is not a deduction of a person if the deduction is denied under sub- part FH (Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from mul- ti-jurisdictional arrangements).
Deduction (2) An amount treated as a deduction of a person under subpart FH is a deduction 10 of the person.

Link with subpart DA (3) (2) 9 (1) Subsection (1) overrides, and subsection (2) supplements, the general per- mission.

The general limitations still apply.

Defined in this Act: amount, deduction, general limitation, general permission Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section DR 3 amended (Life reinsurance outside New Zealand) In section DR 3, replace the subsection heading with “No deduction for pre- miums under certain policies”.
(2) In section DR 3, as subsection (2), insert: No deduction for premiums paid to certain life reinsurers (2) A life insurer is denied a deduction for a life reinsurance premium paid to a life reinsurer who is resident in a country or territory outside New Zealand if the life reinsurance premium is— (a) (b) not assessable income of the life reinsurer: excluded from taxation by New Zealand under a double tax agreement between New Zealand and the country or territory.
15 20 25 (3) (4) 10 (1) (2) In section DR 3, list of defined terms, insert “assessable income”, “double tax agreement”, “life reinsurer”, and “pay”.

Subsection (2) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

30 Section EX 20D amended (Adjustment of cost fraction for excessively debt funded CFC) In section EX 20D(4), formula, after “assets”, insert “− total CFC’s non-debt liabilities”.

In section EX 20D (5), replace “subsections (6) to (8)” with “subsections (6) to (8B)”.
35 (3) After section EX 20D(8), insert: 7 Part 1 cl 11 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Total CFC’s non-debt liabilities (8B) Total CFC’s non-debt liabilities is the total value of the CFC’s non-debt liabilities determined under generally accepted accounting practice.

(4) 11 (1) (2) In section EX 20D, list of defined terms, insert “generally accepted accounting practice”.
5 Section EX 20E amended (Relative debt-asset ratio for CFC) In section EX 20E(3), formula, replace “total group assets” with “(total group assets − total group non-debt liabilities)”.

In section EX 20E (4), replace “subsections (5) and (6)” with “subsections (5), (6), and (6B)”.

10 (3) After section EX 20E(6), insert: Total group non-debt liabilities (6B) Total group non-debt liabilities is the total value of the group’s non-debt liabilities determined under generally accepted accounting practice.
(4) 12 (1) (2) 13 In section EX 20E, list of defined terms, insert “generally accepted accounting practice”.

15 Section EX 44 amended (Five calculation methods) In section EX 44(2), after “EX 47,”, insert “EX 47B,”.

Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

Section EX 46 amended (Limits on choice of calculation methods) 20 (1) After section EX 46(6)(d), insert: (e) the person is the share user of the share under a returning share transfer to which section EX 47B applies.
(2) After section EX 46(10)(d), insert: (db) an interest in a non-resident if— (i) (ii) (iii) the non-resident is related to the person holding the interest, or the interest is or is part of a structured arrangement; and the non-resident is not a foreign PIE equivalent; and the non-resident is allowed a deduction against income or an equivalent tax relief, under the taxation law of a country or territo- ry, for the payment of a dividend arising from the interest: 25 30 In section EX 46, list of defined terms, insert “dividend”, “non-resident”, “pay”, “returning share transfer”, “share supplier”, and “structured arrange- ment”.
Subsections (1) and (2) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
35 (3) (4) 8 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 16 14 New section EX 47B inserted (Method required for shares subject to certain returning share transfers) (1) After section EX 47, insert: EX 47B Method required for shares subject to certain returning share transfers A person must use the comparative value method to calculate FIF income or FIF loss for an income year from an attributing interest that is a share subject to a returning share transfer if— 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) the person is the share user; and the share supplier is resident in a country or territory outside New Zea- land (the foreign jurisdiction); and 10 the person is related to the share supplier or the returning share transfer is or is part of a structured arrangement; and the taxation law of the foreign jurisdiction treats the share supplier as owning the shares subject to the returning share transfer.
Defined in this Act: attributing interest, comparative value method, FIF income, FIF loss, income year, New Zealand, related, returning share transfer, share, share supplier, share user, structured ar- rangement Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section EX 52 amended (Fair dividend rate annual method) Replace section EX 52(14C), other than the heading, with: (2) 15 (1) (14C) For a person using the fair dividend rate annual method to calculate FIF in- come for an attributing interest in a FIF that is an original share subject to a returning share transfer, the attributing interest is treated as being held by the share supplier, except if— (a) (b) the share user is related to the share supplier: the returning share transfer is or is part of a structured arrangement.
In section EX 52, list of defined terms, insert “related” and “structured arrange- ment”.

Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section EX 53 amended (Fair dividend rate periodic method) Replace section EX 53(16C), other than the heading, with: (2) (3) 16 (1) (16C) For a person using the fair dividend rate annual method to calculate FIF in- come for an attributing interest in a FIF that is an original share subject to a returning share transfer, the attributing interest is treated as being held by the share supplier, except if— (a) (b) the share user is related to the share supplier: the returning share transfer is or is part of a structured arrangement.
15 20 25 30 35 9 Part 1 cl 17 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (2) (3) 17 In section EX 53, list of defined terms, insert “fair dividend rate annual method”, “related”, “share user”, and “structured arrangement”.

Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
New section FE 4B inserted (Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt) 5 (1) After section FE 4, insert: FE 4B Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt Meaning of public project asset (1) Public project asset means an interest in an asset in New Zealand— 10 (a) arising from a project performed under a contract— (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) with the Sovereign in right of New Zealand or a public authority; and for which borrowing by the Crown or public authority is approved by the Minister of Finance under the Public Finance Act 1989 or the Crown Entities Act 2004; and for a period of 10 years or more; and requiring the persons performing the project to provide, upgrade, or create assets in New Zealand and to operate or maintain the assets in New Zealand; and requiring that, after completion of the contract, the assets be owned by the Sovereign in right of New Zealand or the public au- thority; and (b) that each person performing the contract is not permitted under the terms of the contract to dispose of within 10 years from the beginning of the project, except to a public authority, as provided by the contract, or to another person performing the project; and (c) the income from which has a source in New Zealand for each person performing the contract.
Meaning of public project debt 15 20 25 30 (2) Public project debt, for an excess debt entity and a project, means a total amount of debt, each part of which is for a loan to the excess debt entity, or for the excess debt entity’s proportion of a loan made to the persons performing the project, and— (a) (b) is applied to the project to give rise to public project assets; and 35 is secured against a public project asset arising from the project or in- come derived from such a public project asset; and 10 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 18 (c) (d) is not a source of funds, exceeding a minor or incidental amount, that the excess debt entity lends to a person who is not an associated person per- forming the project; and gives rise to interest expenditure that the excess debt entity incurs in New Zealand.
5 Meaning of public project participation debt (3) Public project participant debt, for an excess debt entity and a project, means an amount of public project debt corresponding to the excess debt entity’s pro- portion, as 1 of the persons performing the project (the project participants), of a loan— (a) made by a creditor who is a project participant, or a person associated with a project participant; and (b) that would meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of the definition of a non-resident owning body for a company (the performance subsidiary) if— (i) (ii) (iii) the performance subsidiary were treated as holding the public pro- ject assets and performing all the activities required for the per- formance of the project; and the project participants were treated as being non-resident owners of the performance subsidiary having ownership interests that are in the same proportion as their interests in the project; and the creditor made the loan to the performance subsidiary under an arrangement corresponding to the arrangement for the loan to the project participants.
(2) 18 (1) Defined in this Act: amount, associated person, company, dispose, excess debt entity, income, inter- est, loan, New Zealand, non-resident, non-resident owning body, ownership interest, public authority, public project asset, public project debt, public project participant debt, source in New Zealand Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section FE 5 amended (Thresholds for application of interest apportionment rules) In section FE 5(1)(a), replace the words before subparagraph (i) with “the ex- cess debt entity is none of an excess debt outbound company, a company that is described in section FE 2(1)(cb), an excess debt entity that is controlled by a group of persons meeting the requirements of subsection (6), and a trustee who is described in section FE 2(1)(g), and—”.
(2) After section FE 5(1)(a), insert: (ab) the excess debt entity is a company described in section FE 2(1)(cb), or is an excess debt entity controlled by a group of persons meeting the re- quirements of subsection (6), and— 10 15 20 25 30 35 11 Part 1 cl 19 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (i) (ii) the debt percentage of its New Zealand group for the income year is more than 60%; and the debt percentage of its New Zealand group for the income year is more than 100% of the debt percentage of the worldwide group; or 5 (3) Replace section FE 5(1B)(a) with: (a) a ratio of 90% or greater is obtained by dividing the amount for its New Zealand group of the total group assets measured under section FE 16 and reduced by the total group non-debt liabilities, measured under sec- tion FE 16B, by the amount for its worldwide group of the total group assets measured under section FE 18 and reduced by the total group non- debt liabilities, measured under section FE 18: 10 (4) (5) In section FE 5(1BB)(d), replace “goodwill” with “goodwill and reduced by total group non-debt liabilities”.
In section FE 5(1C), words before paragraph (a), replace “assets” with “assets and total group non-debt liabilities”.

15 (6) After section FE 5(5), insert: Group acting in concert (6) A group of persons meets the requirements of this subsection if the members of the group act in concert and each is described in section FE 2(1)(a) to (db).

20 (7) (8) 19 (1) (2) In section FE 5, list of defined terms, insert “total group non-debt liabilities”.
Subsections (1), (2), and (6) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018, except as provided in section FZ 8 (Transition period for amend- ments to interest apportionment rules).

Section FE 6 amended (Apportionment of interest by excess debt entity) 25 In section FE 6(2), formula, after “total deduction” insert “− mismatch”.
In section FE 6(3)(a), words before subparagraph (i), replace “allowed under” with “that would be allowed, in the absence of subpart FH (Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional ar- rangements), under”.
(3) After section FE 6(3)(a), insert: (aba) mismatch is the total of amounts denied as deductions in the income year under section FH 3 (Payments under financial instruments pro- ducing deduction without income) as unrecognised amounts under sec- tion FH 3(2) and under sections FH 7 and FH 11 (which provide for the matching of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional ar- rangements): (4) Replace section FE 6(3)(ac)(i), with: 12 30 35 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 20 (i) zero, if the excess debt entity is not a natural person or trustee de- scribed in section FE 2(1)(g) and not a party to a financial ar- rangement that is removed under section FE 18(3B) from the measurement of total group debt for the excess debt entity; or (5) Replace section FE 6(3)(e)(i) with: (i) if the excess debt entity is none of an excess debt outbound com- pany, a company that is described in section FE 2(1)(cb), a com- pany that is controlled by a group of persons meeting the require- ments of section FE 5(6), and a trustee who is described in sec- tion FE 2(1)(g), the greater of 60% and 110% of the debt percent- age of their worldwide group: (6) After section FE 6(3)(e)(iii), insert: (iiib) if the excess debt entity is a company that is described in section FE 2(1)(cb) or is controlled by a group of persons meeting the re- quirements of section FE 5(6), the greater of 60% and 100% of the debt percentage of their worldwide group: Subsections (1) to (4) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Subsections (5) and (6) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018, except as provided in section FZ 8 (Transition period for amendments to interest apportionment rules).
New section FE 7B inserted (Interest on public project debt for certain excess debt entities) (7) (8) 20 (1) After section FE 7, insert: FE 7B Interest on public project debt for certain excess debt entities Who this section applies to (1) This section applies to an excess debt entity that— (a) is a person meeting the requirements of section FE 2(1)(b), (c), (e), or (f); and (b) has an amount of public project debt for a project.
Debt percentages for public project debt (2) Debt percentages relating to the excess debt entity and the public project debt are determined under this subpart as if— (a) (b) the excess debt entity has no debt other than the public project debt for the project and no assets other than the public project assets for the pro- ject and assets used in performing the project; and the value of the interest of the excess debt entity in the public project assets is the value of the public project assets multiplied by the fraction 13 Part 1 cl 20 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill that is the proportion held by the excess debt entity of the interest in the whole project; and (c) the New Zealand group of the excess debt entity is the excess debt entity.
Income (3) If the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group exceeds the threshold debt percentage given by section FE 5(1), the excess debt entity is treated as deriving an amount of income under section CH 10B (Interest ap- portionment: public project debt) that is calculated, treating the value of a frac- tion with a zero denominator as being zero, using the formula— (limit interest × limit excess ÷ limit debt) + (rec interest × rec excess ÷ rec debt) + (partic interest × partic excess ÷ partic debt).
Definition of items in formula (4) In the formula,— (a) limit interest is the amount of interest expenditure incurred by the ex- cess debt entity from the amount of public project debt (the limited re- course debt) that is not public project participant debt and for which the creditor has security for repayment that is limited to— 5 10 15 (i) (ii) interests of the excess debt entity in the public project assets from the project; and income that the excess debt entity derives from the public project assets: 20 (b) limit excess is— (i) zero, if the amount of limited recourse debt does not exceed the value (the asset portion value), of the excess debt entity’s interest in the public project assets, used in calculating the debt percentage for the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group for the income year: (ii) the amount by which the limited recourse debt exceeds the asset portion value, if subparagraph (i) does not apply: limit debt is the amount of the limited recourse debt: rec interest is the amount of interest expenditure incurred by the excess debt entity from the amount of public project debt referred to in the item recourse debt: (c) (d) (e) rec excess is— (i) zero, if the amount of public project debt that is not public project participant debt does not exceed the amount (the threshold debt amount) obtained by multiplying the value of the public project assets by the threshold debt percentage given by section FE 5(1) for the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group: 25 30 35 14 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 21 (ii) (iii) the amount of the item recourse debt, if the amount of limited re- course debt equals or exceeds the threshold debt amount: the amount by which the amount of public project debt that is not public project participant debt exceeds the threshold debt amount, if subparagraphs (i) and (ii) do not apply: 5 (f) rec debt is the amount of public project debt for which the creditor has security for repayment that is not limited to the public project assets of
 the excess debt entity and the income that the excess debt entity derives from the public project assets: (g) partic interest is the amount of interest expenditure incurred by the ex- cess debt entity from public project participant debt: 10 (h) partic excess is— (i) (ii) (iii) zero, if the amount of public project debt does not exceed the threshold debt amount: the amount of public project participant debt, if the amount of public project debt that is not public project participant debt equals or exceeds the threshold debt amount: the amount by which the amount of public project debt exceeds the threshold debt amount, if subparagraphs (i) and (ii) do not apply: (i) partic debt is the amount of public project participant debt.
Public projects treated separately This section applies separately to each project of an excess debt entity for which the excess debt entity has public project debt.
Public project debt and assets excluded for other applications Public project debt and public project assets and other assets taken into account in the application of this section to an excess debt entity for a project are exclu- ded from the debt and assets of the excess debt entity taken into account in the apportionment of interest expenditure for another project or under another sec- tion of this subpart.
Defined in this Act: amount, company, excess debt entity, excess debt outbound company, income, income year, interest, public project asset, public project debt, public project participant debt Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

15 20 25 30 Section FE 8 amended (Measurement dates) In section FE 8(1), words before paragraph (a), replace “debt and total group assets” with “debt, total group assets, and total group non-debt liabilities”.
35 In section FE 8, list of defined terms, insert “total group non-debt liabilities”.

Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018 (5) (6) (2) 21 (1) (2) (3) 15 (1) (2) (2) 24 (1) Part 1 cl 22 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 22 (1) (2) (3) 23 (1) Section FE 10 amended (Currency) In section FE 10(1)(a), replace “debt and an amount of total group assets” with “debt, an amount of total group assets, and an amount of total group non-debt liabilities”.
In section FE 10, list of defined terms, insert “total group non-debt liabilities”.

5 Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section FE 11 replaced (Temporary increases or decreases in value) Replace section FE 11 with: FE 11 Disregarded increases or decreases in value When this section applies 10 This section applies when the effect of an increase or decrease in a value on a calculation under this subpart (the affected calculation) is disregarded under section GB 51B (Increases or decreases in value).
Increase or decrease excluded from calculation The affected calculation is made excluding the effect of the increase or de- crease.

15 Defined in this Act: income year Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section FE 12 amended (Calculation of debt percentages) Replace section FE 12(3) with: Debt percentage of group (3) A debt percentage of a group is the amount calculated, on a consolidated basis and for an income year or accounting year as applicable, using the formula— group debt ÷ (group assets − non-debt liabilities).
Definition of items in formula (3B) In the formula,— (a) (b) (c) group debt is the amount of the total group debt defined in section FE 15 for a New Zealand group and section FE 18 for a worldwide group: group assets is the amount of the total group assets defined in section FE 16 for a New Zealand group and section FE 18 for a worldwide group: non-debt liabilities is the amount of the total group non-debt liabilities defined in section FE 16B for a New Zealand group and section FE 18 for a worldwide group.
(2) In section FE 12, list of defined words, insert “total group non-debt liabilities”.

16 20 25 30 35 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 28 (3) 25 (1) (2) (3) (4) 26 (1) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Section FE 14 amended (Consolidation of debts and assets) In section FE 14(3B),— (a) (b) replace “debts and assets” with “liabilities and assets”: replace “total group debt and total group assets” with “total group debt, total group assets, and total group non-debt liabilities”.

5 In section FE 14(4), words before paragraph (a), replace “total group debt and total group assets and” with “total group debt, total group assets, and total group non-debt liabilities and in”.
In section FE 14, list of defined words, insert “total group non-debt liabilities”.

10 Subsections (1) and (2) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

Section FE 15 amended (Total group debt) In section FE 15(1)(a)(ii), replace “deduction:” with “deduction; and”.
(2) After section FE 15(1)(a)(ii), insert: (iii) the deduction is not denied under section FH 3 (Payments under financial instruments producing deduction without income) as an unrecognised amount under section FH 3(2) or under section FH 7 or FH 11 (which provide for the matching of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements): (3) Subsections (1) and (2) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
27 Section FE 16 amended (Total group assets) (1) After section FE 16(1), insert: Determining net current value of asset (1BAA) For the purpose of subsection (1)(b) and (e), a net current value of an asset must be determined by a valuation of the asset by— (a) (b) an independent person who is an expert in the valuation of such assets: an employee, or other person associated with the excess debt entity, with experience in the valuation of assets and using a methodology, assump- tions, and data, approved by a person qualified to give a valuation of the asset under paragraph (a).
Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
New section FE 16B inserted (Total group non-debt liabilities) (2) 28 (1) After section FE 16, insert: 15 20 25 30 35 17 Part 1 cl 28 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill FE 16B Total group non-debt liabilities Meaning for New Zealand group (1) In this subpart, for a New Zealand group, total group non-debt liabilities for an income year means the total of the outstanding balances of liabilities shown in the financial statements of a natural person, or an excess debt entity, or an- other member of the New Zealand group, reduced by the total of liabilities, each of which is— (a) (b) included in the calculation of total group debt under section FE 15: under a financial arrangement, other than an agreement for the sale and purchase of property or services, entered into by a company that is a member of the group with a shareholder that is a member of the group, if the financial arrangement provides funds to the company and— (i) (ii) the funding is provided under an arrangement between sharehold- ers and the amount of the funds provided by each shareholder is proportional to the shareholding of each shareholder at the time: the shareholder and associated persons hold 10% or more of the voting interests in the company: (c) a share in a company that is a member of the group held by a sharehold- er, if— (i) (ii) the share was issued as part of a share issue to shareholders and the number of shares issued to each shareholder was proportional to the shareholding of each shareholder at the time: the shareholder and associated persons hold 10% or more of the voting interests in the company: (d) (e) a provision for dividends: a deferred liability of a person for tax if— (i) (ii) (iii) the deferred liability arises from a difference between the value shown in the financial statements of the person for an asset and the adjusted tax value, or other value for tax purposes, of the asset; and the deferred liability is for an amount of tax that would not arise if the asset were sold for the value shown in the
 financial state- ments; and the value shown in the financial statements for the asset is calcula- ted by reference to the amount that the person is allowed as a de- duction or depreciation loss for the asset.
Meaning for worldwide group In this subpart, for a worldwide group, total group non-debt liabilities for an income year means the total of the outstanding balances of liabilities shown in the financial statements of the worldwide group, reduced by the total of liabil- (2) 18 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 ities that are included in the total group debt and the total of liabilities under financial arrangements that are removed under section FE 18(3B) from the measurement of total group debt.
Defined in this Act: adjusted tax value, agreement for the sale and purchase of property or services, associated person, company, deduction, depreciation loss, dividend, excess debt entity, financial ar- rangement, financial statements, income year, share, shareholder, tax, total group debt, total group non-debt liabilities, voting interest 5 Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
(2) 29 (4) (5) 30 Section FE 18 amended (Measurement of debts and assets of worldwide group) (1) In section FE 18(1), words before paragraph (a),— (a) replace “total group debt and the amount of total group assets” with “total group debt, the amount of total group assets, and the amount of total group non-debt liabilities”: (b) replace “is calculated” with “are calculated”.
(2) In section FE 18(2), words before paragraph (a), replace “total group debt and the amount of total group assets” with “total group debt, the amount of total group assets, and the amount of total group non-debt liabilities”.
(3) Replace section FE 18(3B)(c) with: (c) the owner— (i) (ii) has direct ownership interests in a member of the group of 5% or more: has made a settlement on a trust, having a trustee who is a mem- ber of the group, of 5% or more of the value of total settlements on the trust; and In section FE 18, list of defined words, insert “total group non-debt liabilities”.

Subsections (1) to (3) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
10 15 20 25 New subpart FH inserted (Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements) 30 (1) After subpart FG, insert: Subpart FH—Hybrid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-jurisdictional arrangements FH 1 Subpart implements OECD recommendations for domestic law Background, scheme, and effect of subpart 35 (1) This section and section FH 2 are intended to be a guide to the background and general scheme and effect of this subpart.
19 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill OECD recommendations (2) This subpart implements recommendations, for the domestic law of countries and territories, that are made by the OECD in the hybrid mismatch report and the branch mismatch report (the reports) and are intended to be implemented as rules neutralising certain mismatches— (a) (b) (c) arising from arrangements called hybrid mismatch arrangements and branch mismatch arrangements in the reports; and between income assessed and deductions against income or equivalent tax relief allowed for parties to international transactions; and resulting from differences, between the taxation laws of different coun- tries and territories having rights to tax the parties, in the classification of financial arrangements or the tax treatment of entities or branches.
Recommendations for primary and defensive rules (3) If 2 rules are recommended by a report for a situation, the recommended rules are called primary and defensive by the report, which states that the defensive rule should not apply to the situation except if the country or territory in the position to apply the recommended primary rule has not implemented the rec- ommendation.
Implementation of individual recommendations (4) In this subpart,— 5 10 15 20 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) section FH 3 implements the primary version of the rule for recom- mendation 1 of the hybrid mismatch report, called the hybrid financial instrument rule in the report: section FH 4 implements the defensive version of the rule for recom- mendation 1 of the hybrid mismatch report: 25 section FH 5 implements the primary version of the rule for recom- mendation 3 of the hybrid mismatch report, called the disregarded hy- brid payments rule in the report, and the rule for recommendation 3 of the branch mismatch report: section FH 6 implements the defensive version of the rule for recom- mendation 3 of the hybrid mismatch report, and a defensive version of the rule for recommendation 3 of the branch mismatch report: section FH 7 implements recommendation 4 of the hybrid mismatch report, called the reverse hybrid rule in the report, and recommendation 2 of the branch mismatch report: section FH 8 implements the primary version of the rule for recom- mendation 6 of the hybrid mismatch report, called the deductible hybrid payments rule in the report: 30 35 section FH 9 implements the defensive version of the rule for recom- mendation 6 of the hybrid mismatch report: 40 20 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (h) (i) section FH 10 implements recommendation 7 of the hybrid mismatch report, called the dual-resident payer rule in the report: section FH 11 implements recommendation 8 of the hybrid mismatch report, called the imported mismatch rule in the report, and recommen- dation 5 of the branch mismatch report.
5 Additional rules (5) In addition to the recommended rules,— (a) (b) (c) section FH 12 provides for the setting off, against amounts called sur- plus assessable income, of amounts called mismatch amounts that arise under several of the sections and, until set off, represent deductions de- nied or assessable income derived: 10 section FH 13 provides for an election, by a borrower under a financial arrangement, that the financial arrangement be treated as a share issued by the borrower to the lender: section FH 14 provides for an irrevocable election, by an owner of a hybrid entity, that the hybrid entity be treated as a company.
15 Definitions (6) Section FH 15 contains definitions for the purpose of the Act of terms used in the report.

Variations of recommendations 20 (7) Variations of the implementing provisions from details of the recommendations in the report are intended to assist in the implementation and application of the recommendations.
Defined in this Act: arrangement, assessable income, deduction, financial arrangement, hybrid entity, hybrid mismatch report, income, share 25 FH 2 Order of application of provisions Order of application for sections disallowing deductions (1) If more than 1 provision in this subpart may deny an amount of expenditure of loss as a deduction or identify the amount as a mismatch amount in a situation, the provisions are applied in the order given by the sections, which is— 30 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) section FH 3: section FH 5: section FH 7: section FH 11: section FH 8: section FH 9: section FH 10.
35 21 5 10 15 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Order of application for sections treating receipts as assessable income (2) If more than 1 provision in this subpart may identify an amount received as a mismatch amount in a situation, the provisions are applied in the order given by the sections, which is— (a) section FH 4: section FH 6.
Defined in this Act: amount, loss (b) FH 3 Payments under financial instruments producing deduction without income When this section applies (1) This section applies when a person (the payer) is a party to a financial instru- ment (the payment instrument) and, if the person incurs in an income year an amount of expenditure (the incurred amount) relating to a payment under the payment instrument,— (a) (b) (c) (d) the incurred amount is allowed as a deduction for the payer in the ab- sence of this section and sections FH 5 and FH 7 to FH 11; and the taxation law of a country or territory outside New Zealand (the pay- ee jurisdiction) treats the payment as being received by a person or other entity (the payee) in the payee jurisdiction; and the payment instrument is or is part of a structured arrangement or the payer is related to the payee when the expenditure is incurred; and 20 the tax treatment by the payee jurisdiction of the payment meets the re- quirements of subsection (2) or (3).
Amount not recognised (2) The tax treatment of a payment under the payment instrument meets the re- quirements of this subsection if— 25 (a) (b) an amount of the payment (the unrecognised amount) is not recognised by the payee jurisdiction as giving rise to income meeting the require- ments of subsection (9), received under a financial instrument, of the payee; and the unrecognised amount would be recognised as giving rise to ordinary income of the payee under subsection (9) received under a financial instrument, if the classification of the payment or payment instrument were varied.
Delayed recognition of amount 30 35 (3) The tax treatment of a payment under the payment instrument meets the re- quirements of this subsection if— 22 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (a) (b) (c) an amount of the payment is recognised as giving rise to ordinary in- come of the payee under subsection (9) received under a financial in- strument; and the amount is recognised with a timing that does not meet the require- ments of subsection (6); and the duration, including possible extensions, of the financial instrument may be more than 3 years.
5 Amount of deduction denied (4) The payer is denied a deduction for expenditure equal to the amount calculated, for a payment, using the formula— 10 incurred amount × (1 − payee tax ÷ ordinary tax).
Definition of items in formula (5) In the formula in subsection (4),— (a) incurred amount is the amount of the expenditure incurred by the payer relating to the amount received by the payee including, for an amount meeting the requirements of subsection (2) and paid under a financial instrument denominated in the currency of a country or territory other than New Zealand, amounts arising from a fluctuation in the value of the currency in relation to New Zealand currency: (b) payee tax is the total of amounts— (i) (ii) calculated by multiplying the amount of the payment that is recog- nised by the payee jurisdiction as income arising from the pay- ment received by the payee in the income year by the rate of tax imposed by the taxation law of the payee jurisdiction on the class of income that the payee is recognised as receiving: of income tax imposed by a jurisdiction on a person (the CFC payee) other than the payee, on an amount of income correspond- ing to CFC income relating to the payment and attributed to the CFC payee in the income year plus the amount of any credit for withholding tax on the payment taken into account in determining the amount of income tax imposed: (c) ordinary tax is the amount calculated by multiplying the amount of the income arising from the payment received by the payee by the rate of tax imposed by the taxation law of the payee jurisdiction on ordinary in- come under subsection (9) received under a financial instrument by the payee.
Timing of recognised income (6) The timing of the recognition by a tax jurisdiction of an amount meets the re- quirements of this subsection if the amount is, or is reasonably expected to be, recognised as being derived— 15 20 25 30 35 40 23 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (a) (b) over a period of time during which the amount can reasonably be treated as accruing: in an accounting period beginning within 24 months of the end of the in- come year to which a deduction of the payer for the incurred expenditure would be attributed: 5 Effect of delayed recognition (7) (8) If an amount of the payment for which a deduction has been denied under sub- section (4) is recognised as income of the payee derived at a time not meeting the requirements of subsection (6), the payer is allowed a deduction, when the amount is recognised, equal to the denied deduction.
Payer deriving income from financial instrument: excluded income If a payer that derives income (the affected income) in an income year from a financial instrument would, as a consequence of unrecognised amounts under subsection (2) of payments, be denied by subsection (4) a deduction for a fraction (the affected fraction) of expenditure incurred by the payer in the in- come year on payments under the financial instrument, an amount of the pay- er’s affected income, calculated by multiplying the affected income by the affected fraction, is excluded income of the payer.
10 15 Ordinary income (9) An amount of income is ordinary income under this subsection for a country or 20 territory and a person or entity if the income is— (a) (b) taxed by the country or territory at the full marginal rate of the person or other entity for the income from financial instruments; and not eligible for an exemption, exclusion, credit, or tax relief, under the laws of the country or territory, other than a credit or tax relief for a withholding tax or similar tax imposed on the amount of the income by the laws of another country or territory.
25 Defined in this Act: accounting period, amount, CFC, deduction, excluded income, financial instru- ment, income, income tax, income year, New Zealand, pay, related, structured arrangement, tax FH 4 Receipts under financial instruments producing deduction without income 30 When this section applies This section applies when a person (the payee) receives a payment under a fi- nancial instrument (the payment instrument) of an amount that would not give rise to assessable income of the payee in the absence of this section and section FH 6, and— (a) the taxation law of a country or territory outside New Zealand (the pay- er jurisdiction) treats the payment as being made under the payment in- strument by a person or other entity (the payer); and 35 (1) 24 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (b) (c) (d) the payer jurisdiction allows the payer or other person or entity to deduct the amount from income or allows an equivalent tax relief for the pay- ment; and the payer jurisdiction does not have hybrid mismatch legislation corres- ponding to section FH 3 and applying to the payment; and the payment instrument is or is part of a structured arrangement or the payer is related to the payee when the expenditure is incurred; and 5 (e) the payment meets the requirements of subsection (2) or (3).
Amount not recognised (2) A payment received by the payee meets the requirements of this subsection 10 if— (a) (b) an amount of the payment does not give rise to assessable income of the payee; and the amount would give rise to assessable income of the payee if the clas- sification of the payment or payment instrument were varied.
15 Delayed recognition of amount (3) A payment received by the payee under a financial instrument meets the re- quirements of this subsection if— (a) (b) the payment gives rise to assessable income of the payee that, in the ab- sence of this section, would be allocated to a period that does not meet the requirements of subsection (7); and the duration, including possible extensions, of the financial instrument may be more than 3 years.
Assessable income (4) The payee derives assessable income from the payment— (a) equal to the amount that would be assessable income of the payee if the classification of the payment or payment instrument were varied, for a payment meeting the requirements of subsection (2): allocated under subsection (6).
Imputation credit not included and not available (b) (5) If the payment received by the payee is a replacement payment under a return- ing share transfer, the amount of an imputation credit attached to the replace- ment payment is not included in the assessable income under subsection (4) and is not available as a tax credit under section LE 1 (Tax credits for imput- ation credits).
Timing of derivation under subsection (4) (6) The assessable income under subsection (4) is allocated to the income year in which— 25 20 25 30 35 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (a) (b) income from the payment would be derived if the classification of the payment or payment instrument were varied, for a payment meeting the requirements of subsection (2): the payment is received, for a payment meeting the requirements of sub- section (3).
Timing of recognised income (7) The period to which an amount of income is allocated meets the requirements of this subsection if the income is, or is reasonably expected to be, derived in an accounting period beginning within 24 months of the end of the accounting period to which a deduction or tax credit of the payer for the incurred expend- iture is attributed.
Defined in this Act: accounting period, amount, assessable income, financial instrument, hybrid mis- match legislation, imputation credit, income, income year, pay, related, replacement payment, return- ing share transfer, structured arrangement, tax credit 5 10 FH 5 Payments by New Zealand resident or New Zealand branch producing 15 deduction without income When this section applies This section applies when a New Zealand resident, or New Zealand branch of a non-resident, (the payer) incurs an amount of expenditure relating to a pay- ment to another person, or incurs a charge to the New Zealand branch (the branch charge) by the non-resident of an amount meeting the requirements of subsection (2), and— (a) the amount would be allowed as a deduction for the payer in the absence of this section and sections FH 7 to FH 11; and the taxation law of a country or territory outside New Zealand (the pay- ee jurisdiction)— (i) treats the payment or branch charge as not being received by a person or entity in the payee jurisdiction, because of the tax status of the payer; and (ii) would treat the payment or branch charge as being received by a person or other entity (the payee) in the payee jurisdiction, if the tax status of the payer were different; and the payment is made under a structured arrangement or, when the ex- penditure or branch charge is incurred, the payer is in a control group with the payee or is the same person as the payee; and no country or territory outside New Zealand and the payee jurisdiction is paid tax, on the payment or branch charge, imposed under taxation law that includes rules corresponding to the CFC rules and recognises the payment as the equivalent of attributed CFC income of a person in the same control group as the payee.
(b) (c) (d) 20 25 30 35 40 (1) 26 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 Incurred amount for transfer by branch (2) A charge of an amount by a non-resident to a branch of the non-resident meets the requirements of this subsection if the amount— (a) (b) represents amounts, relating to the activities outside New Zealand of the non-resident, allocated to the branch; and 5 is not determined by reference to the amount of a payment by the non- resident, or a member of the same control group as the non-resident, to a person other than the non-resident and the members of the control group; and (c) exceeds expenditure or loss, incurred by the non-resident or a member of the same control group as the non-resident, that— 10 (i) belongs to a category of expenditure or loss equivalent to the cat- egory to which the charge belongs; and (ii) is the reference by which the amount of the charge is determined.
Mismatch amount (3) The payer has a mismatch amount for the tax year and the mismatch situation that is the greater of zero and the amount calculated using the formula— incurred + exchange.
Definition of items in formula (4) In the formula in subsection (3),— (a) incurred is the incurred amount for the payment: (b) exchange is— (i) (ii) zero, if the payment is not made under a financial instrument de- nominated in the currency of a country or territory other than New Zealand: the amount arising for the payment from fluctuations in the value of the currency in which the financial instrument is denominated in relation to New Zealand currency, if the financial instrument is denominated in the currency of a country or territory other than New Zealand.
Deductions denied for mismatch amounts until offset (5) A deduction is denied for expenditure or loss that is a mismatch amount from a mismatch situation until the mismatch amount is set off under section FH 12 against surplus assessable income under that section from the mismatch situ- ation.
Defined in this Act: amount, attributed CFC income, CFC, control group, deduction, financial instru- ment, loss, New Zealand, New Zealand resident, non-resident, pay, structured arrangement 15 20 25 30 35 27 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill FH 6 Receipts from non-resident or foreign branch producing deduction without income When this section applies (1) This section applies when a non-resident, or foreign branch of a New Zealand resident, (the payer) is treated by the taxation law of a country or territory out- side New Zealand (the payer jurisdiction) as making a payment to a person or other entity (the payee) in New Zealand that would not give rise to assessable income of the payee in the absence of this section, and— (a) (b) (c) (d) the payer jurisdiction allows the payer or other person or entity to deduct the payment against income or allows an equivalent tax relief for the payment; and the payer jurisdiction does not have hybrid mismatch legislation corres- ponding to section FH 5 and applying to the payment; and the payment is made under a structured arrangement or, when the ex- penditure is incurred, the payer is in a control group with the payee or is the same person as the payee; and the payment would give rise to assessable income of the payee if the payer and payee were persons and separate or if the tax status of the pay- er were different.
Incurred amount for transfer by branch (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the amount of a payment treated by the payer jurisdiction as being made to a New Zealand resident by a foreign branch of the New Zealand resident is equal to the amount that— 5 10 15 20 (a) (b) represents amounts, relating to the activities of the New Zealand resident in New Zealand, allocated to the branch; and 25 is not determined by reference to the amount of a payment by the New Zealand resident, or a member of the same control group as the New Zealand resident, to a person other than the New Zealand resident and the members of the control group; and (c) exceeds expenditure or loss incurred by the New Zealand resident, or a member of the same control group as the New Zealand resident, that— 30 (i) (ii) belongs to a category of expenditure or loss equivalent to the cat- egory to which the branch payment belongs; and is the reference by which the amount of the payment is deter- mined.
35 Assessable income The payee derives assessable income from the payment equal to the greater of zero and the amount by which the amount that would be assessable income of the payee, if the payer and payee were persons and separate or if the tax status of the payer were different.
40 (3) 28 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 Timing of derivation under subsection (2) (4) The assessable income under subsection (3) is allocated to the income year in which the payment would be derived if the payer and payee were persons and separate or if the tax status of the payer were different.
Mismatch amounts (5) An amount that is treated as assessable income under subsection (3) for a payee and a tax year is a mismatch amount of the payee for the tax year and the mismatch situation.

Offset of mismatch amounts (6) Mismatch amounts from a mismatch situation are set off under section FH 12 against surplus assessable income under that section from the mismatch situ- ation.
Defined in this Act: amount, arrangement, assessable income, company, control group, deduction, hy- brid mismatch legislation, income, New Zealand, New Zealand resident, non-resident, structured ar- rangement FH 7 Payments to person outside New Zealand producing deduction without income When this section applies (1) This section applies when a person (the payer) incurs an amount of expend- iture (the incurred amount) relating to an amount of a payment to a person (the payee) that exists under the law of a country or territory outside New Zea- land (the payee jurisdiction) and— (a) (b) (c) (d) the incurred amount would be allowed as a deduction for the payer in the absence of this section and sections FH 8 to FH 11; and under the taxation law of the payee jurisdiction, the amount is treated as being— (i) (ii) received in a country or territory outside the payee jurisdiction: income of a person who is in the same control group as the payer; and the payment is made under a structured arrangement or the payer is in the same control group as the payee when the expenditure is incurred; and under the taxation law of the countries and territories outside New Zea- land, the amount received by the payee is not subject to taxation as in- come and is not recognised as CFC attributed income, or the equivalent of attributed CFC income, of a person in the same control group as the payee; and (e) an equivalent payment by the payer would have been subject to taxa- tion— 29 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (i) (ii) as income of the payee, under the taxation law of the payee juris- diction if the equivalent payment were treated as being received by the payee in the payee jurisdiction: as income of a person who is in the same control group as the pay- er, under the taxation law of a country or territory, outside New 5 Zealand and the payee jurisdiction, if the equivalent payment were treated as being received by the person in that country or territory.
Amount of deduction denied (2) The payer is denied a deduction for the incurred amount and, if the payment is made under a financial instrument denominated in the currency of a country or territory other than New Zealand, for amounts arising from a fluctuation in the value of the currency in relation to New Zealand currency.
10 Defined in this Act: amount, CFC, control group, deduction, financial instrument, income, New Zea- land, pay, structured arrangement FH 8 Expenditure or loss through hybrid entity or foreign branch producing 15 double deduction without double income When this section applies (1) This section applies for a New Zealand resident and an income year when the New Zealand resident is related to a hybrid entity existing under the law of a country or territory outside New Zealand, or has a branch in such a country or territory, and— 20 (a) (b) the taxation law of the country or territory allows expenditure or loss of the hybrid entity, or of the New Zealand resident attributed to the branch, in the income year to be set off against income of a person or entity; and the income of the person or entity, other than from a source in New Zea- land, is not assessable income.
25 Mismatch amount for expenditure (2) The New Zealand resident has a mismatch amount in an income year equal to the amount of expenditure or loss incurred for the income year that— (a) is attributed to the hybrid entity or branch; and (b) would, in the absence of this section and sections FH 9 and FH 10, be allowed as a deduction in the income year corresponding to the tax year.
Deductions denied for mismatch amounts until offset (3) A deduction is denied for expenditure or loss that is a mismatch amount from a mismatch situation until the mismatch amount is set off under section FH 12 against surplus assessable income under that section from the mismatch situ- ation.
30 35 New Zealand resident becoming affected Subsection (5) applies to a person who is a New Zealand resident and meets the requirements of subsection (1) at a time (the transition time) when— 40 (4) 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (a) (b) in a period ending with the transition time (the unaffected period), the person is related to a hybrid entity, or has a branch, that exists under the law of a country or territory outside New Zealand but the person does not meet the requirements of subsection (1); and the taxation law of the country or territory allows expenditure or loss of the hybrid entity, or of the New Zealand resident attributed to the branch, during the unaffected period to be set off against income that is not as- sessable income and arises at or after the transition time.
Assessable income (5) The person derives, at the transition time, assessable income equal to the amount of net loss, calculated for the person and the hybrid entity or branch and the unaffected period as if the person’s income from the hybrid entity or branch were schedular income.

Mismatch amounts (6) An amount that is treated as assessable income under subsection (5) for a person and a tax year is a mismatch amount of the person for the tax year and the mismatch situation.
Defined in this Act: amount, assessable income, deduction, hybrid entity, income, income year, loss, New Zealand, New Zealand resident, ring-fenced tax loss, source in New Zealand, tax year 5 10 15 FH 9 Expenditure or loss of hybrid entity, or non-resident through branch, 20 producing double deduction without double income When this section applies (1) This section applies when a resident (the foreign resident) in a country or ter- ritory outside New Zealand (the foreign jurisdiction) is in the same control group as a hybrid entity resident in New Zealand, or has a branch in New Zea- land, if— (a) (b) (c) expenditure or loss of the hybrid entity, or of the foreign resident attrib- uted to the branch, would be allowed as a deduction in the absence of this section and section FH 10; and the taxation law of a country or territory outside New Zealand allows ex- penditure of the hybrid entity or attributed to the branch to be deducted against income; and the foreign jurisdiction does not have hybrid mismatch legislation cor- responding to section FH 8 and applying to expenditure of the hybrid entity or foreign resident.
Mismatch amount 25 30 35 (2) The hybrid entity or foreign resident has a mismatch amount in the income year equal to the amount of expenditure or loss that— (a) is incurred by the hybrid entity or attributed to the branch in the income year corresponding to the tax year; and 40 31 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (b) would, in the absence of this section, be allowed as a deduction.
Deductions denied for mismatch amounts until offset (3) A deduction is denied for expenditure or loss that is a mismatch amount for a hybrid entity or foreign resident until the mismatch amount is set off under section FH 12 against surplus assessable income under that section for the hybrid entity or foreign resident.
Defined in this Act: amount, control group, deduction, hybrid entity, income, income year, loss, New Zealand, resident in New Zealand, tax year FH 10 Expenditure or loss of dual resident company producing double deduction without double income When this section applies (1) (2) This section applies for a company that is a New Zealand resident (the dual resident) and under the taxation law of another country or territory outside New Zealand (the dual tax jurisdiction) is liable to income tax in the dual tax jurisdiction through domicile, residence, or place of incorporation.
Mismatch amount The dual resident has a mismatch amount equal to the amount of expenditure that would, in the absence of this section, be allowed as a deduction in the in- come year.

Deductions denied for mismatch amounts until offset (3) A deduction is denied for expenditure or loss that is a mismatch amount from a mismatch situation until the mismatch amount is set off under section FH 12 against surplus assessable income under that section from the mismatch situ- ation.
Defined in this Act: amount, assessable income, company, deduction, hybrid entity, income, income tax, income year, New Zealand, New Zealand resident, ring-fenced tax loss, tax year FH 11 Residents, or non-residents with branches, having expenditure funding overseas hybrid mismatches When this section applies (1) This section applies for a New Zealand resident, or a non-resident with a branch in New Zealand (the funder), and an income year when the funder makes a payment to a person in a country or territory outside New Zealand that does not have hybrid mismatch legislation and— (a) the payment provides funds, directly or indirectly, for a payment (the funded payment) from a person or other entity (the payer) in a country or territory outside New Zealand (the payer jurisdiction) to a person or other entity (the payee), in the same or another country or territory out- side New Zealand (the payee jurisdiction); and (b) the expenditure on the payment would be allowed as a deduction for the funder in the absence of this section and sections FH 8 to FH 10; and 40 32 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (c) (d) (e) the payment is made under a structured arrangement giving rise to the hybrid mismatch referred to in paragraph (d) or the funder, the payer, and the payee, when the expenditure is incurred, are members of a con- trol group; and the funded payment gives rise to a hybrid mismatch; and 5 the payer jurisdiction and the payee jurisdiction do not have hybrid mis- match legislation that counteracts the hybrid mismatch.
Deduction denied for expenditure funding hybrid mismatch (2) The funder is denied a deduction in a tax year for an amount that is given by— (a) subsection (3), if the payment is made under a structured arrangement giving rise to the hybrid mismatch; or 10 (b) subsection (4), if paragraph (a) does not apply.
Amount denied for payment under structured arrangement (3) Under this subsection, the amount of the denial is the lesser of— (a) (b) the amount of the deduction that would be allowed for the payment in the absence of this section and sections FH 8 to FH 10: the amount of the funded payment that, if hybrid mismatch legislation were applied by the payer jurisdiction, would be disallowed as a deduc- tion against income or equivalent tax relief.
Amount denied for other payment 15 20 (4) Under this subsection, the amount of the denial is the amount of the payment that can fairly and reasonably be treated as providing funds for the funded pay- ment.

Identifying resulting payment (5) The amount described in subsection (4)(a) is determined consistently with the approach described in chapter 8 of the hybrid mismatch report.
25 Defined in this Act: amount, control group, deduction, hybrid mismatch, hybrid mismatch legislation, hybrid mismatch report, New Zealand, New Zealand resident, non-resident, pay, structured arrange- ment, tax year FH 12 Offset of mismatch amounts against surplus assessable income 30 When this section applies (1) (2) This section applies when a person has a mismatch amount under sections FH 5, FH 6, and FH 8 to FH 10 from a mismatch situation for an income year.
Offset against surplus assessable income 35 The total of mismatch amounts from the mismatch situation for the income year are set off against the person’s total surplus assessable income from the mismatch situation under subsection (3).
33 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Surplus assessable income (3) The person has an amount of surplus assessable income, for the mismatch situ- ation and the income year, equal to the greater of zero and the amount calcula- ted using the formula— earlier + assessable + exempt − unrecognised − protected − deductions.
5 Definition of items in formula (4) In the formula,— (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) earlier is the amount of surplus assessable income for the person from the mismatch situation carried forward to the tax year corresponding to the income year from earlier tax years: assessable is the amount of assessable income derived from the mis- match situation by the person in the income year: exempt is zero, except for a person that is a hybrid entity resident in New Zealand and owned by a non-resident, for which it is the amount of income of the hybrid entity that— (i) (ii) is exempt income under section CW 10 (Dividend within New Zealand wholly-owned group); and for an owner of the hybrid entity, is income subject to tax under the taxation law of another country or territory without a credit for tax, other than a withholding tax on the dividend, paid by the per- son paying the dividend: unrecognised is the amount of the assessable income of the person from the mismatch situation for the income year that is not subject to tax under the taxation law of the foreign jurisdiction because of the resi- dence of another person or the source of the income: protected is the amount of taxable income for which the income tax liability of the person would equal foreign tax credits under subpart LJ (Tax credits for foreign income tax) allowed for the assessable income from the mismatch situation for the income year: deductions is the amount of deductions allowed for expenditure incur- red by the person in the income year in deriving assessable income from the mismatch situation, not including expenditure giving rise to mis- match amounts.
Mismatch receipt set off against surplus assessable income from later tax year If a mismatch amount from a mismatch situation for a person is set off under subsection (2) in the tax year corresponding to an income year against an amount of surplus assessable income of the person from the mismatch situ- ation, the payee has a deduction for the income year equal to the amount of the offset.
10 15 20 25 30 35 (5) 34 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 Mismatch amounts carried forward (6) If a mismatch amount from a mismatch situation is not an offset in the tax year corresponding to an income year, the remaining amount is carried forward to the next tax year if it meets the requirements of subsection (8) for that tax year.
Surplus assessable income carried forward (7) If an amount of surplus assessable income from a mismatch situation is not an offset in an income year,— (a) the amount is reduced by the amount of corresponding income, that is recognised and taxed as income arising from the mismatch situation by the taxation law of a foreign country or territory, for which the income tax liability of the person would equal credits, equivalent to foreign tax credits under subpart LJ, allowed by the foreign country or territory for the income from the mismatch situation for the income year; and 5 10 (b) the amount remaining is carried forward to the next income year if it meets the requirements of subsection (8) for that income year.
15 Continuity requirement for carrying forward amounts (8) A mismatch amount, or surplus assessable income, from a mismatch situation may be carried forward to a tax year corresponding to an income year (the car- ry year) if, for the tax year in which the amount arises (the initial year) and the carry year, a tax loss of the payee could be carried forward from the initial year to the carry year in the absence of offsets.
Mismatch amounts under section FH 8(3) (9) A mismatch amount under section FH 8(3) that is available to be carried for- ward from a tax year corresponding to an income year is included as a tax loss component of the New Zealand resident for the next tax year (the release year) if— (a) (b) the hybrid entity, or the New Zealand resident with the branch to which the mismatch amount is attributed, ceases to exist before the end of the income year corresponding to the release year; and expenditure or loss of the hybrid entity, or of the New Zealand resident attributed to the branch, has not been set off under the taxation law of a country or territory outside New Zealand against income, for the income year in which the mismatch amount arose or for a later income year, that is not assessable income of a person or entity.
Defined in this Act: amount, assessable income, deductions, exempt income, foreign tax, hybrid enti- ty, income year, loss, New Zealand resident, non-resident, resident in New Zealand, tax, tax loss, tax loss component, tax year, taxable income 20 25 30 35 35 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill FH 13 Election by borrower under financial arrangement Who may make election (1) A person who is a borrower under a financial arrangement may make an elec- tion under this section if a payment by the person to the lender under the finan- cial arrangement would be an unrecognised amount under section FH 3(2) and denied as a deduction under section FH 3.
Treatment of financial arrangement after election (2) (3) The result of an election by the person is that, while the person is eligible to make an election, the financial arrangement is, for all purposes of the Act, a share held by the lender in the person.

Notification of election The person must notify the Commissioner of the election, specifying the date on which the election is effective, which must be on or after the date of the no- tice.
Transitional treatment of financial arrangement (4) On the date on which the election is effective, the person is treated as— 5 10 15 (a) (b) paying the lender under the financial arrangement the amount owing under the loan (the repayment amount); and receiving the repayment amount, reduced by any withholding tax, from the lender as the subscription for a share.
20 Expiry of election (5) When the person ceases to be eligible to make an election for the financial ar- rangement because a deduction would be allowed for a payment of interest under the financial arrangement, the person is treated as— (a) (b) paying to the lender the amount owing under the loan as a payment for cancellation of a non-participating redeemable share; and 25 receiving, as a loan under the financial arrangement, from the lender the amount referred to in paragraph (a), reduced by any withholding tax.
NRWT rules (6) The NRWT rules apply to the amount of the payment under subsections (4)(a) and (5)(a).
Defined in this Act: amount, deduction, financial arrangement, loan, non-participating redeemable share, notify, NRWT rules, pay, share FH 14 Irrevocable election by owner of hybrid entity Who may make election (1) A New Zealand resident (the owner) who has, or is a member of a wholly- owned group that has, all the ownership interests in a hybrid entity may make an election under this section if the hybrid entity— 30 35 36 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (a) (b) is treated by the taxation law of a country or territory outside New Zea- land (the foreign jurisdiction) as being resident in the foreign jurisdic- tion; and is wholly owned by the owner or the owner’s wholly-owned group on the date on which the Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill is introduced.
5 Treatment of hybrid entity after election The result of an election by the owner is that the hybrid entity is, for all pur- poses of the Act for the owner, a company.

Notification of election 10 The owner must notify the Commissioner of the election before the due date for the return of income for the first income year in which the hybrid mismatch legislation applies to the owner.
When election effective The election is effective for the first income year in which the hybrid mismatch legislation applies to an owner and later income years.
15 Transitional treatment of hybrid entity For the period for which the election is effective, the hybrid entity is treated as— (a) at the beginning of the period,— 20 (i) (ii) selling the undertaking of the hybrid entity at market value; and buying the undertaking as a company (the new subsidiary), in which the owner has ownership interests, that is resident in the foreign jurisdiction; and (2) (3) (4) (5) (b) during the period, making as a company each distribution to the owner.
25 Total available subscribed capital (6) The total available subscribed capital of the new subsidiary is the amount by which the market value of the assets acquired by the new subsidiary exceeds the market value of the liabilities assumed by the new subsidiary.

Election irrevocable (7) An election under this section for a hybrid entity is irrevocable.
Defined in this Act: available subscribed capital, company, hybrid entity, hybrid mismatch legis- lation, income year, market value, New Zealand, New Zealand resident, notify, return of income, wholly-owned group FH 15 Definitions Definitions (1) In this Act,— 30 35 37 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill act together, for 2 persons or other entities (the holders) that each have rights or interests (the rights and interests) in a person or entity and for the owner- ship or control of the rights and interests, means— the holders are associated under section YB 4 (Two relatives): a holder typically acts in the way preferred by the other holder: 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) the holders have entered into an arrangement having an effect on the value or control of the rights or interests that is more than incidental: the actions of the holders relating to the interests are legally controlled, are typically controlled, or are expected to be controlled, by a third per- son or group of persons (the co-ordinator) that does not meet the re- quirements of subsection (2): the holders and a co-ordinator that does not meet the requirements of subsection (2) enter an arrangement affecting the ownership or control of the rights and interests and having an effect on the value or control of the rights and interests that is more than incidental: the holders agree with a co-ordinator that does not meet the requirements of subsection (2) that the co-ordinator can act on behalf of the holders in relation to the rights and interests branch mismatch report means the report OECD (2017), Neutralising the Ef- fects of Branch Mismatch Arrangements, Action 2: Inclusive Framework on BEPS, OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifing Project, OECD Publishing, Paris control group, means a group of persons in which, for each member and each other member,— (a) the members are— (i) consolidated, or required to be consolidated, for accounting pur- poses: (ii) members of a group of companies for which an applicable
 finan- cial reporting standard requires the preparation of group financial statements for an accounting period: (b) the members are companies that are associated under section YB 2 (Two companies): (c) 1 of the members is a company and the other person has— 10 15 20 25 30 (i) (ii) a voting interest in the company of 50% or more, applying the general aggregation rule in section YB 3(3): 35 if a market value circumstance exists for the company, a market value interest in the company of 50% or more, applying the gener- al aggregation rule in section YB 3(3): (d) the members are associated under section YB 4 (Two relatives): 38 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (e) (f) (g) (h) the members are associated under sections YB 5 to YB 11 (which relate to a trustee or settlor of a trust): 1 of the members is a partnership, or is a limited partnership, and the other member,— (i) (ii) if the partnership is a limited partnership, is a general partner or is a limited partner that has a partnership share of more than 50% in a right, obligation, or other property, status, or thing of the limited partnership, applying the general aggregation rule in section YB 12(3) (Partnership and partner): if the partnership is not a limited partnership, is a partner that has a partnership share of more than 50% in a right, obligation, or other property, status, or thing of the partnership, applying the general aggregation rule in section YB 12(3): 1 of the members, or a group consisting of 1 of the members and persons that are related to or act together with that member, effectively controls the other member: a person or group of persons, together with persons who are related to or act together with the person or a person in the group, effectively controls each of the 2 members: financial instrument means— (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) a financial arrangement: a share: an annuity: a farm-out arrangement: a share-lending arrangement: a loan in New Zealand
 currency described in section EW 5(10) (What is an excepted financial arrangement?)
hybrid entity, for 2 countries or territories, means an entity that is— (a) (b) recognised in 1 of the countries or territories (the resident jurisdiction) as being a resident of the resident jurisdiction and subject to taxation under the taxation law of the resident jurisdiction; and not recognised in the other country or territory (the overseas jurisdic- tion) as being a person, or other entity, subject to taxation under the tax- ation law of the overseas jurisdiction in relation to income with a source in the overseas jurisdiction hybrid mismatch for a payment by a payer in a country or territory (the payer jurisdiction) to a payee in another country or territory (the payee jurisdic- tion), means a deduction for an amount of the payment if, in the absence of hybrid mismatch legislation,— (a) under the taxation law of— 39 Part 1 cl 30 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (i) (ii) the payer jurisdiction, the amount is taken into account as a de- duction against income or equivalent tax relief in calculating the income of the payer subject to tax; and the payee jurisdiction, the amount is not recognised as ordinary income of a person or other entity within a reasonable period of time: 5 (b) under the taxation law of— (i) (ii) the payer jurisdiction, the amount is taken into account as a de- duction against income or equivalent tax relief in calculating the income of the payer subject to tax; and a jurisdiction other than the payer jurisdiction, the amount is taken into account as a deduction against income or equivalent tax relief in calculating the income of the payer subject to tax hybrid mismatch legislation means— (a) (b) this subpart: legislation of a country or territory outside New Zealand having an in- tended effect corresponding to the effect of this subpart mismatch amount means an amount, arising from a mismatch situation under a provision of this subpart, for which a deduction is allowed under section FH 12 when the amount is set off in a tax year
 against an amount of surplus assessable income mismatch situation means a situation in which differences between the taxa- tion law of New Zealand and the taxation law of another country or territory in the tax treatment of entities or branches give rise to adjustments to deductions or income under sections FH 5, FH 6, FH 8, FH 9, or FH 10 hybrid mismatch report means the publication OECD (2015), Neutralising the Effects of Hybrid Mismatch Arrangements, Action 2 – 2015 Final Report, OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project, OECD Publishing, Paris related, for 2 persons, means a relationship under which— (a) the 2 persons are companies— (i) (ii) (iii) that are associated under section YB 2 (Two companies): for which a group of persons exists whose total voting interests in each company, determined under section YB 2, are 25% or more: if a market value circumstance exists for either company, for which a group of persons exists whose total market value interests in each company, determined under section YB 2, are 25% or more: (b) 1 of the persons is a company and the other person is not a company and the 2 persons are associated under section YB 3 (Company and person other than company): 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 40 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 30 (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) the 2 persons are associated under section YB 4 (Two relatives): the 2 persons are associated under sections YB 5 to YB 11 (which relate to a trustee or settlor of a trust): 1 of the persons is a limited partnership and the other person is a general partner, or is a limited partner and the 2 persons are associated under section YB 12 (Partnership and partner): 5 1 of the persons is a partnership and the other person is a partner and the 2 persons would be associated under section YB 12(2) if the partnership were a limited partnership and the partner were a limited partner: 1 of the persons, or a group consisting of the person and persons who act together
 with the person, controls the other person: 10 a person or group of persons, together with persons who are related to or act together with the person or a person in the group, controls each of the persons structured arrangement means an arrangement for which the terms— 15 (a) provide for a price of a transaction under or involving the arrangement that assumes the existence of a hybrid mismatch: (b) are intended to produce a hybrid mismatch surplus assessable income means an amount, arising from a mismatch situ- ation under a provision of this subpart and determined under section FH 12, against which a mismatch amount from the mismatch situation may be set off under section FH 12.
Exception to test for acting together (2) A co-ordinator meets the requirements of this subsection for rights or interests in a person or entity held separately by 2 holders if— (a) (b) (c) the co-ordinator manages an investment fund through which 1 of the holders has the holder’s rights or interests in the person or entity; and the co-ordinator manages another investment fund through which the other holder has the holder’s rights or interests in the person or entity; and the 2 funds do not act together in relation to the rights and interests of the holders.
Defined in this Act: accounting period, act together, arrangement, associated, branch mismatch re- port, company, control group, financial instrument, general partner, group of companies, hybrid enti- ty, hybrid mismatch, hybrid mismatch legislation, hybrid mismatch report, limited partner, limited partnership, market value circumstance, market value interest, mismatch amount, mismatch situation, partner, partnership, related, relative, structured arrangement, surplus assessable income, voting inter- est 20 25 30 35 (2) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018, subject to subsections (3) and (4).
40 41 Part 1 cl 31 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (3) Sections FH 3 and FH 4, as inserted by subsection (1), do not apply for a payment— (a) under a financial instrument entered, on or before 6 September 2016 by a person who is— (i) (ii) a member of the New Zealand banking group of a registered bank, on terms intended to allow the financial instrument to qualify as capital for the purposes of the regulatory capital requirements im- posed as a condition of registration under the Reserve Bank of New Zealand Act 1989, or imposed under corresponding legis- lation of a country or territory outside New Zealand: a licensed insurer, for the direct or indirect purpose of complying with regulatory capital requirements imposed as a condition of licence under the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010, or imposed under corresponding legislation of a country or territory outside New Zealand; and (b) before the first date on which the person has an unconditional right to call or otherwise cancel the financial instrument without penalty.
(4) Section FH 11(2)(b) and (4), as inserted by subsection (1), apply for a payment in an income year beginning on or after 1 January 2020.
31 New heading and section FZ 8 inserted After section FZ 7, insert: Interest apportionment rules FZ 8 Transition period for amendments to interest apportionment rules What this section does (1) This section gives the effect, for an excess debt entity meeting the requirements of subsection (2), of the amendments (the affected amendments) to section FE 5 (Thresholds for application of interest apportionment rules) made by sec- tion 18(1), (2), and (6) of the Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Act 2017 and to section FE 6 (Apportionment of interest by excess debt entity) made by section 19(5) and (6) of that Act.
Requirements for section to apply (2) An excess debt entity meets the requirements of this subsection if, using the method of calculating debt percentages as amended by the provisions referred to in subsection (1),— (a) the excess debt entity is a company described in section FE 2(1)(cb) (When this subpart applies) or is controlled by a group of persons that act in concert and are each described in section FE 2(a) to (db); and 42 (3) (4) Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 33 (b) (c) the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group is greater than 60% on the date given by subsection (5) (the transition date); and the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group on the transition date is greater than 100% of the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s worldwide group on the transition date.
5 Transition period For an excess debt entity meeting the requirements of subsection (2), the affected amendments apply as varied by subsection (4) for a period of 5 in- come years (the transition period) beginning from the first balance date after 1 July 2018.
Method and threshold values for calculations For the period from the transition date to the end of the transition period, in de- termining whether the excess debt entity is required to apportion its interest ex- penditure under subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisation) and in determining the apportionment of the excess debt entity’s interest expend- iture under section FE 6,— 10 15 (a) (b) (c) the method of calculating debt percentages is applied as amended; and the threshold value for the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group for the income year is 60%; and 20 the threshold value for the ratio of the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s New Zealand group for the income year to the debt percentage of the excess debt entity’s worldwide group is the lesser of 110% and the corresponding ratio calculated for the transition date.
Transition date 25 (5) For the purposes of this section, the transition date is whichever the excess debt entity elects, in a return of income for the first transition year, of— (a) (b) the date (the introduction date) on which the Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill is introduced: the date that is the last measurement date under section FE 8 (Measure- ment dates) preceding the introduction date.
30 Defined in this Act: company, excess debt entity, income year, return of income 32 Section GB 2 amended (Arrangements involving transfer pricing) In section GB 2(3), replace “Purpose of rules and nature of arrangements” with “Purpose and application of rules and nature of arrangements”.
35 33 New section GB 51B inserted (Increases or decreases in value) (1) After section GB 51, insert: 43 Part 1 cl 34 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill GB 51B Increases or decreases in value When this section applies (1) This section applies when there is an increase or decrease in a value that af- fects, or would affect, the result of a calculation (the affected calculation) under subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisation) and the in- crease or decrease is— 5 (a) (b) caused by an action or omission that has, or would have, a purpose or effect of defeating the intent and application of subpart FE: produced by an arrangement that has an effect of defeating the intent and application of subpart FE.
10 Increase or decrease excluded from calculation The effect on the affected calculation of the increase or decrease in the value is disregarded for the purposes of subpart FE.

Defined in this Act: arrangement, income year Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
15 New heading and section GB 54 inserted After section GB 53, insert: Arrangements involving establishments and non-resident businesses (2) (2) 34 GB 54 Arrangements involving establishments When this section applies (1) This section applies when— (a) a non-resident makes, under an arrangement, a supply (the facilitated supply) that is of goods or services to— (i) (ii) a person in New Zealand (the recipient): a person in New Zealand (the intermediary), who makes under the arrangement a supply of the goods or services to another per- son in New Zealand (the recipient); and (b) a person (the facilitator), who is not an intermediary for the facilitated supply, carries out in New Zealand under the arrangement an activity for the purpose of bringing about the facilitated supply to the recipient; and (c) the facilitator— (i) (ii) is associated with the non-resident: derives 80% or more of the facilitator’s assessable income from services provided to the non-resident or to persons associated with the non-resident; and (d) the activity is more than preparatory or auxiliary to making the facili- tated supply; and 20 25 30 35 44 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 35 (e) income of the non-resident from the facilitated supply is not within the scope of a double tax agreement that— (i) (ii) incorporates article 12(1) of the Multilateral Convention to Imple- ment Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting: 5 includes a provision having a scope equal to or greater than the scope of the article referred to in subparagraph (i) and being ne- gotiated after 7 June 2017; and section YD 4B(3) (Meaning of permanent establishment) does not de- termine whether the non-resident has a permanent establishment in New 10 Zealand; and income of the non-resident from the supply is not attributable, other than under this section, to a permanent establishment in New Zealand of the non-resident; and the arrangement has a purpose of affecting the imposition on the non- resident of
 income tax, or of income tax and the income tax of a country or territory other than New Zealand, by directly or indirectly— 15 (i) (ii) (iii) altering the incidence of income tax: relieving a person from liability to pay income tax or from a po- tential or prospective liability to future income tax: 20 avoiding, postponing, or reducing a liability to income tax or a po- tential or prospective liability to future income tax; and the purpose is more than merely incidental; and the non-resident, or a group of persons that include the non-resident, is a large multinational group.
25 (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) Income and activities attributed to permanent establishment (2) The non-resident is treated as having a permanent establishment in New Zea- land— (a) (b) through which the non-resident makes the facilitated supply in the course of a business carried on in New Zealand; and 30 to which activities of the facilitator referred to in subsection (1)(b) are attributed.
Defined in this Act: arrangement, assessable income, associated, business, double tax agreement, goods, income, income tax, large multinational group, New Zealand, non-resident, permanent estab- lishment, services, supply 35 35 (1) Section GC 6 amended (Purpose of rules and nature of arrangements) In section GC 6, heading, after “Purpose”, insert “and application”.
45 Part 1 cl 36 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (2) In section GC 6(1), replace “terms of a cross-border arrangement with an asso- ciated person” with “conditions of a cross-border arrangement with a person in the same control group”.

(3) After section GC 6(1), insert: Rules apply consistently with OECD transfer pricing guidelines (1B) This section and sections GC 7 to GC 14 apply consistently with the OECD transfer pricing guidelines.
(4) After section GC 6(1B), insert: Conditions of loans between persons in control group (1C) If a transfer pricing arrangement includes a financial arrangement under which a non-resident makes a loan to a person or group of persons (the borrower) for which the loan is related-party debt, or that are in the same control group as the non-resident, sections GC 7 to GC 14 are applied to the transfer pricing ar- rangement as if the adjustments required by sections GC 15 to GC 18 had been made to the credit rating of the borrower and the conditions of the finan- cial arrangement.
(5) Replace section GC 6(2)(b) with: (b) the supplier and acquirer are in the same control group; and In section GC 6, list of defined terms, insert “control group”, “financial ar- rangement”, “loan”, “OECD transfer pricing guidelines”, and “related-party debt”.

Subsections (2) and (3) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
Subsection (4) applies to a person and a financial arrangement— (a) on and after the first balance date of the person (the first balance date) on or after 1 July 2018, for a financial arrangement that the person enters before the first balance date: (b) on and after the date on which the person enters the financial arrange- ment, for a financial arrangement that the person enters on or after the first balance date.
Section GC 13 amended (Calculation of arm’s length amounts) Replace section GC 13(1), other than the heading, with: (6) (7) (8) 36 (1) (1) An arm’s length amount of consideration must be determined by applying whichever 1 or a combination of the methods listed in subsection (2) produces the most reliable measure of the amount that independent parties after real and independent bargaining would have agreed upon as the price for a transaction corresponding to the supply and acquisition under the transfer pricing arrange- ment if the transaction occurred under the arm’s length conditions identified under subsections (4) and (5).
46 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 37 (2) Replace section GC 13(2)(d) and (e) with: (d) (e) the transactional profit split method: the transactional net margin method.
(3) Replace section GC 13(4) and (5) with: Determination of arm’s length conditions (4) The arm’s length conditions for a transaction corresponding to a supply and ac- quisition under a transfer pricing arrangement are determined by— (a) accurately delineating the transfer pricing arrangement using the ap- proach given in the OECD transfer pricing guidelines, chapter I, section D.1; and (b) identifying the conditions (the arm’s length conditions)— (i) (ii) for a transaction between 2 persons who are not in the same con- trol group that occurs in circumstances comparable to the transfer pricing arrangement as delineated under paragraph (a); and that might be expected to be agreed upon by independent parties after real and independent bargaining.
Transaction and arm’s length conditions with different legal effects (5) If the requirements of the OECD transfer pricing guidelines, paragraph 1.122, are met, the approach described in the OECD transfer pricing guidelines, chap- ter I, section D.2 may be used to identify a transaction and arm’s length condi- tions involving— (a) (b) no supply and acquisition; or a supply and acquisition that differs in its legal effects from the supply and acquisition under the transfer pricing arrangement.
(4) After section GC 13(5), insert: Amendment of assessment (6) Despite the time bar, the Commissioner may amend an assessment for a tax year (the assessed year) in order to give effect to this section and to sections GC 6 to GC 12 and GC 14 to GC 18 at any time in the period of 7 tax years after the tax year in which a return of income is made for the assessed year.
(5) (6) In section GC 13, list of defined terms, insert “arm’s length amount”, “assess- ment”, “associated person”, “OECD transfer pricing guidelines”, “return of in- come”, “tax year”, “time bar”, “transfer pricing arrangement”.

Subsections (1) to (4) apply for an arrangement and income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018, except for an arrangement that complies with an ad- vance pricing agreement issued by the Commissioner before 1 July 2018.
37 New heading and sections GC 15 to GC 18 inserted (1) After section GC 14, insert: 47 Part 1 cl 37 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Cross-border related loans GC 15 Aspects of loan adjusted for application of sections Adjustment of aspects of loan (1) If a transfer pricing arrangement includes a financial arrangement (the cross- border related loan) under which a non-resident (the lender) provides funds to a person, or group of persons, (the borrower) and that is a cross-border rela- ted loan under subsection (3), sections GC 7 to GC 14 are applied to the transfer pricing arrangement as if— (a) the borrower had the credit rating required by— (i) (ii) section GC 16, if the borrower is not an insuring or lending per- son under subsection (2): section GC 17, if the borrower is an insuring or lending person under subsection (2); and (b) conditions of the cross-border related loan were disregarded, as required by section GC 18.
Insuring or lending person (2) A borrower is an insuring or lending person under this subsection if the bor- rower is— 5 10 15 a member of the New Zealand banking group of a registered bank for the purposes of subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisation): 20 a licensed insurer under the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010 or an associated person under that Act of a licensed insurer: a non-bank deposit taker under the Non-bank Deposit Takers Act 2013 or an associated person or related person under that Act of a non-bank deposit taker: a member of a group of persons having a main business activity of pro- viding funds to persons who are not associated persons of the members of the group: a member of a group of persons, consisting of members of the New Zea- land group of a person not referred to in paragraphs (a) to (d), having a main business activity of providing funds to persons who are not asso- ciated persons of the members of the group.
Cross-border related loan (3) A financial arrangement is a cross-border related loan under this subsection if, under the financial arrangement,— (a) a non-resident person (the lender) provides funds to another person (the borrower) when— (i) the lender and borrower are associated persons: 48 25 30 35 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 37 (ii) (iii) the funding is provided through an indirect associated funding ar- rangement described in subsection (4): the lender is a member of a non-resident owning body, or of a group of non-residents who act in concert and are each described in section FE 2(1)(a) to (db) (When this subpart applies), and the members of the non-resident owning body or of the group have a total ownership interest, within the meaning set out in paragraph (a) of the definition of that term, in the borrower of 50% or more; and 5 (b) expenditure arises for the borrower for which the borrower is allowed a deduction.
10 Indirect associated funding arrangement (4) An indirect associated funding arrangement exists under this subsection when,— (a) under an arrangement, a non-resident person (the indirect lender) pro- vides funds or pays money, directly or indirectly, to another person (the direct lender) who provides funds to a third person (the borrower)— (i) in order for the funds to be provided to the borrower, or to reim- burse the direct lender or compensate them, for providing the funds to the borrower; and (ii) with the purpose or effect that this section and sections GC 6 to GC 14 and GC 16 to GC 18 do not apply to the arrangement; and the indirect lender is associated with the borrower; and (b) (c) the lender is not associated with the borrower and is not described in subsection (3)(a)(iii).
25 Defined in this Act: associated person, financial arrangement, loan, non-resident, non-resident own- ing body, ownership interest, transfer pricing arrangement GC 16 Credit rating of borrower: other than insuring or lending person Adjustment of long-term issuer credit rating (1) For the purposes of sections GC 7 to GC 14, a borrower that is not referred to as an insuring or lending person in section GC 15(2) has a long-term issuer credit rating for a loan given by— (a) (b) subsection (7), if the borrower has debt under cross-border related loans including the loan, of less than $10,000,000 on the most recent cal- culation date given for the loan by subsection (4): subsection (7), if the borrower is controlled by a group of persons (a co-ordinated group) that is a non-resident owning body or a group of persons that act in concert and are each described in section FE 2(1)(a) to (db) (When this subpart applies) and— (i) paragraphs (a) and (d) do not apply; and 30 35 40 49 15 20 Part 1 cl 37 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (ii) (iii) (iv) on the most recent calculation date given for the loan by subsec- tion (4), the borrower’s New Zealand group under subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisation) has a debt percent- age under section FE 12(3) (Calculation of debt percentages) of less than 40%; and for each lender, the lender’s ultimate parent is resident in the same country or territory as the lender or, under the tax law of the coun- try or territory in which the lender is resident, income from the borrower’s cross-border related loans is, or would be for a com- pany having the usual tax status of a company, subject to taxation at a rate of 15% or more; and for the borrower’s New Zealand group and the period given by 1 of the paragraphs of subsection (6), the income-interest ratio calculated using the formula in subsection (2), is greater than 3.3: (c) (d) subsection (8), if the borrower is controlled by a co-ordinated group and paragraphs (a) and (b) do not apply:
 subsection (9), if the borrower is not controlled by a co-ordinated group and— (i) (ii) paragraph (a) does not apply; and the borrower elects to use the credit rating given by subsection (7), for the loan, in a return of income made when or before the credit rating is determined: 5 10 15 20 (e) subsection (7), if the borrower is not controlled by a co-ordinated group and— 25 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) paragraphs (a) and (d) do not apply; and on the most recent calculation date given for the loan by subsec- tion (4), the borrower’s New Zealand group under subpart FE has a debt percentage under section FE 12(3) that is less than 40% or less than 110% of the debt percentage of the borrower’s world- wide group under subpart FE; and for each lender, the lender’s ultimate parent is resident in the same country or territory as the lender or, under the tax law of the coun- try or territory in which the lender is resident, income from the borrower’s cross-border related loans is, or would be for a com- pany having the usual tax status of a company, subject to taxation at a rate of 15% or more; and for the borrower’s New Zealand group and the calculation period given by 1 of the paragraphs of subsection (6), the income-in- terest ratio calculated using the formula in subsection (2), is greater than 3.3: 30 35 40 50 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 37 (f) subsection (9), if the borrower is not controlled by a co-ordinated group and paragraphs (a), (d), and (e) do not apply.
Income-interest ratio (2) The income-interest ratio for the borrower’s New Zealand group is calculated using the formula— 5 (net + net interest + depreciation + amortisation) ÷ net interest.
Definition of items in formula (3) In the formula,— (a) (b) (c) (d) net is the net profit or loss of the group before tax using generally ac- cepted accounting practice, treating a net loss as a negative amount: 10 net interest is the deductions for interest allowed to the group under sec- tions DB 6 to DB 9 (which relate to deductions for interest) from a fi- nancial arrangement providing funds to the group, reduced by the in- come of the group from a financial arrangement on arm’s-length terms providing funds to a person who meets the requirements of section FE 13(3) (Financial arrangements entered into with persons outside group): depreciation is the depreciation for the group using generally accepted accounting practice: 15 amortisation is the amortisation for the group using generally accepted accounting practice.
20 Calculation dates for loan (4) A calculation date under subsection (1)(a), (b)(ii), or (e)(ii) for a loan is a date— (a) (b) that is the first balance date of the borrower on or after 1 July 2018, if the loan exists before 1 July 2018: 25 on which the borrower enters the loan, if the borrower enters the loan on or after 1 July 2018: (c) on which the loan is renewed, extended, or renegotiated.
Approximate calculation if calculation date not balance date (5) If a calculation date under subsection (4) is not a measurement date under section FE 8 (Measurement dates) for which the borrower measures the amounts of total group debt and total group assets, and follows a measurement date for which the borrower has made such measurements, the debt percentage may be calculated by making appropriate adjustments to the debt percentage calculated for the most recent measurement date.
Calculation periods for income-interest ratio (6) The calculation period under subsection (1)(b)(iv) or (e)(iv) for the calcula- tion of the income-interest ratio for a borrower may be 1 of— 30 35 51 Part 1 cl 37 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (a) (b) (c) (d) the period consisting of the 4 most recent quarters for which data are available when the calculation is performed: the 12-month period ending with the most recent balance date for which data are available when the calculation is performed: the 2-year period ending with the most recent balance date for which da- ta are available when the calculation is performed: 5 the 3-year period ending with the most recent balance date for which da- ta are available when the calculation is performed.
Borrower’s credit rating (7) The credit rating of a borrower under this subsection is the credit rating that the borrower has for long-term senior unsecured debt.
10 Restricted credit rating (8) The credit rating of a borrower under this subsection is the higher of— (a) (b) BBB−, or an equivalent rating, given by a rating agency approved by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand under section 86 of the Non-bank Depos- it Takers Act 2013: the credit rating that the borrower would have if the borrower’s New Zealand group under subpart FE had a debt percentage equal to the less- er of 40% and the debt percentage of the New Zealand group.
Group credit rating (9) The credit rating of a borrower under this subsection is the higher of— (a) (b) the credit rating that the borrower has for long-term senior unsecured debt: the highest credit rating for long-term senior unsecured debt, of a mem- ber of the borrower’s worldwide group under subpart FE, reduced by the smallest division within the credit rating category or between credit rat- ing categories.
Defined in this Act: financial arrangement, generally accepted accounting practice, loan, net loss, non-resident owning body, quarter, return of income, ultimate parent GC 17 Credit rating of borrower: insuring or lending person For the purposes of sections GC 7 to GC 14, a borrower that is referred to as an insuring or lending person in section GC 15(2) has a credit rating for a loan that is equal to the highest credit rating for senior unsecured debt, of a member of the borrower’s worldwide group under subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisation).
Defined in this Act: loan 15 20 25 30 35 52 5 10 15 20 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 37 GC 18 Loan features disregarded by rules for transfer pricing arrangements General rule (1) When sections GC 7 to GC 14 are applied to a borrower and a transfer pricing arrangement including a financial arrangement (the loan) that is a cross-border related loan, as referred to in section GC 15(1), a feature of the loan is disre- garded, or adjusted as required by this section, for the purposes of applying the sections if— (a) (b) the borrower has debt under cross-border related loans, including the loan, of $10,000,000 or more on the most recent calculation date given for the loan by section GC 16(4); and the feature may increase the rate of interest payable by the borrower under the loan and— (i) (ii) is referred to in subsection (2); and is not included in an exception under subsections (8) and (9).
Loan features disregarded or adjusted if no exception (2) A feature of a financial arrangement that is a cross-border related loan may be disregarded or adjusted under this section if the feature— (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) allows the reduction of a liability for interest or principal by a provision of value other than a payment: allows a deferral of a liability to pay interest: provides for a change in the rate of interest payable that is contingent on an event within the control of the borrower or the lender: excludes the exercise of a lender’s usual rights to enforce the payment of interest or repayment of principal: provides that a liability to pay interest or repay principal is contingent on an event within the control of the borrower or the lender: 25 provides that the term of the loan from when the financial arrangement is entered is more than 5 years: provides that the borrower’s obligations under the loan are subordinate to other financial arrangements of the borrower.
30 Term of loan (3) A term of more than 5 years for a cross-border related loan may be adjusted under subsection (7) if the cross-border loan has features that do not reflect requirements, relating to features of loans, referred to in subsection (9)(a), (c), or (e).
Quantities affecting adjustment to term 35 (4) Whether an adjustment is required under subsection (7), and the amount of a required adjustment, is found for the date (the calculation date) on which the loan is entered or renewed or extended using— 53 Part 1 cl 37 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (a) the figure (the threshold term) calculated using the formula in subsec- tion (5) for financial arrangements having a term of more than 5 years— (i) (ii) included in the total group debt of the borrower’s worldwide group under subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisa- tion); or 5 between members of the borrower’s New Zealand group under subpart FE and persons other than associated persons: (b) the value of the financial arrangements used in calculating the threshold term, expressed as a fraction (the threshold fraction) of— 10 (i) (ii) the total group debt of the borrower’s worldwide group, if the threshold term is calculated under paragraph (a)(i); or the total value of loans to members of the borrower’s New Zea- land group by persons other than associated persons, if the thresh- old term is calculated under paragraph (a)(ii).
Threshold term (5) The threshold term for the purposes of subsection (4)(a) is the total of amounts, each of which is calculated using the formula— term × term debt ÷ total debt.
Definition of items in formula (6) In the formula,— 15 20 (a) (b) term is the period of the loan term, calculated from the most recent date on which each loan is entered or renewed or extended: term debt is the total value on the calculation date of the principal amounts of loans with the loan term: 25 (c) total debt is— (i) (ii) the total group debt of the borrower’s worldwide group, if the threshold term is calculated for financial arrangements described in subsection (4)(a)(i); or the total value of loans to members of the borrower’s New Zea- land group by persons other than associated persons, if the thresh- old term is calculated for financial arrangements described in sub- section (4)(a)(ii).
Term of loan: adjustment (7) The term of a loan is adjusted to equal— (a) the threshold term under subsection (4)(a), if— (i) the term of the loan exceeds the threshold term; and (ii) the total value of loans to members of the borrower’s New Zea- land group by associated persons and having a term of more than 30 35 54 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 37 5 years, expressed as a proportion of the total value of loans to members of the borrower’s New Zealand group by associated per- sons, does not exceed the threshold fraction under subsection (4)(b); or (b) 5 years, if when the loan is included, the total value of loans to members of the borrower’s New Zealand group by associated persons and having a term of more than 5 years,— 5 (i) (ii) (iii) expressed as a proportion of the total value of loans to members of the borrower’s New Zealand group by associated persons, exceeds the threshold fraction under subsection (4)(b): is more than 4 times the total value of financial arrangements with the feature that are included in total group debt of the borrower’s worldwide group, when the threshold fraction is determined under subsection (4)(b)(i): is more than 4 times the total value of financial arrangements with the feature that are included in the debt that is financial arrange- ments between members of the borrower’s New Zealand group and persons other than associated persons, when the threshold fraction is determined under subsection (4)(b)(ii).
Exceptions for features reflecting other borrowing (8) For a borrower that is not referred to as an insuring or lending person in sec- tion GC 15(2)(a), (b), or (c) and a feature of a financial arrangement other than the term of a loan, the feature is not disregarded or adjusted if— (a) the feature corresponds to a feature of financial arrangements with a total value that is a fraction (the feature fraction) of the total value of financial arrangements— 10 15 20 25 (i) (ii) included in the total group debt of the borrower’s worldwide group under subpart FE; or between members of the borrower’s New Zealand group under subpart FE and persons other than associated persons; and 30 (b) the feature is included in financial arrangements, between members of the borrower’s New Zealand group under subpart FE and associated per- sons, having a total value when the loan is included that,— (i) (ii) as a fraction of the total value of financial arrangements between the members of the borrower’s New Zealand group and associated persons, is less than or equal to the feature fraction; and if the feature fraction is determined under paragraph (a)(i), is less than or equal to 4 times the total value of financial arrange- ments with the feature that are included in total group debt of the borrower’s worldwide group; and 35 40 55 Part 1 cl 37 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (iii) if the feature fraction is determined under paragraph (a)(ii), is less than or equal to 4 times the total value of financial arrange- ments with the feature that are included in the debt that is finan- cial arrangements between members of the borrower’s New Zea- land group and persons other than associated persons.
Exceptions for borrowing required for some insuring or lending persons (9) For a borrower that is referred to as an insuring or lending person in section GC 15(2)(a), (b), or (c) or is associated with such a person, a feature of a fi- nancial arrangement is not disregarded or adjusted if,— (a) (b) (c) (d) for a borrower referred to in section GC 15(2)(a), the feature reflects regulatory capital requirements that relate to features of loans and are imposed, when the financial arrangement is entered, on a member of the New Zealand banking group of a registered bank as a condition of regis- tration under the Reserve Bank of New Zealand Act 1989: for a borrower who is associated with a person (the banking associate) referred to in section GC 15(2)(a),— (i) the financial arrangement (the funding arrangement) is entered for the purpose of providing funds for a financial arrangement (the funded arrangement), to be entered by the banking associate to satisfy regulatory capital requirements; and (ii) (iii) the features of the funding arrangement reflect the features of the funded arrangement; and the feature reflects a feature of the funded arrangement that meets the requirements of paragraph (a): for a borrower referred to in section GC 15(2)(b), the feature reflects solvency capital requirements that relate to features of loans and are im- posed, when the financial arrangement is entered, on a licensed insurer as a condition of licence under the Insurance (Prudential Supervision) Act 2010: for a borrower who is associated with a person (the insuring associate) referred to in section GC 15(2)(b),— (i) the financial arrangement (the funding arrangement) is entered for the purpose of providing funds for a financial arrangement (the funded arrangement), to be entered by the insuring associate to satisfy solvency capital requirements; and (ii) (iii) the features of the funding arrangement reflect the features of the funded arrangement; and the feature reflects a feature of the funded arrangement that meets the requirements
 of paragraph (c): (e) for a borrower referred to in section GC 15(2)(c), the feature reflects minimum capital ratio requirements that relate to features of loans and 40 56 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 39 (f) are imposed, when the financial arrangement is entered, on a non-bank deposit taker by the non-bank deposit taker’s trust deed and Regulations 8 and 10 of the Deposit Takers (Credit Ratings, Capital Ratios, and Rela- ted Party Exposures) Regulations 2010: for a borrower who is associated with a person (the deposit taker asso- ciate) referred to in section GC 15(2)(c),— (i) the financial arrangement (the funding arrangement) is entered for the purpose of providing funds for a financial arrangement (the funded arrangement), to be entered by the deposit taker associ- ate to satisfy minimum capital ratio requirements; and (ii) (iii) the features of the funding arrangement reflect the features of the funded arrangement; and the feature reflects a feature of the funded arrangement that meets the requirements of paragraph (e).
Defined in this Act: associated, associated person, financial arrangement, interest, loan, New Zealand banking group, payment, transfer pricing arrangement (2) Subsection (1) applies to a person and a financial arrangement— (a) on and after the first balance date of the person (the first balance date) that is on or after 1 July 2018, for a financial arrangement that the person enters before the first balance date: (b) on and after the date on which the person enters the financial arrange- ment, for a financial arrangement that the person enters on or after the first balance date.
38 New section HD 30 inserted (Members of wholly-owned large multinational group) After section HD 29, insert: HD 30 Members of wholly-owned large multinational group A member of a wholly-owned large multinational group is treated as an agent of another member of the large multinational group (the principal member) in relation to the tax obligations of the principal member if— 30 (a) (b) the principal member fails to comply with the tax obligations; and the Commissioner notifies the member that the member has the obliga- tions of an agent for the principal member.
Defined in this Act: agent, large multinational group, tax 39 Section IA 2 amended (Tax losses) (1) After section IA 2(4)(g), insert: 35 (h) a person who has a mismatch amount under section FH 8 (Expenditure or loss through hybrid entity or foreign branch producing double deduc- tion without double income) that is not set off under section FH 12 57 Part 1 cl 40 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (Offset of mismatch amounts against surplus assessable income), the amount given by section FH 12(8) for the tax year.
Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

Section LE 1 amended (Tax credits for imputation credits) In section LE 1(2), after “section LE 7”, insert “except if the person is related to the share user or the returning share transfer is a structured arrangement, see section FH 4(5) (Receipts under financial instruments producing deduction without income)”.

5 In section LE 1, list of defined terms, insert “related” and “structured arrange- ment”.
10 Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

Section RF 2C amended (Meaning of non-resident financial arrangement income) In section RF 2C(4), formula, replace “accumulated accruals” with “(accumu- lated accruals − hybrid deductions)”.
15 (2) 40 (1) (2) (3) 41 (1) (2) After section RF 2C(5)(b), insert: (c) hybrid deductions is an amount equal to the part of the expenditure that the borrower incurs under the arrangement in the period given by para- graph (b) that has been denied as a deduction under subpart FH (Hy- brid and branch mismatches of deductions and income from multi-juris- dictional arrangements) when the expenditure is incurred and is not al- lowed as a deduction under the subpart in that period, on the date re- ferred to in paragraph (b)(ii).
20 In section RF 2C, list of defined terms, insert “arrangement” and “ring-fenced tax loss”.

25 Subsections (1) and (2) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
New section RF 11C inserted (Interest paid by non-resident companies to non-residents) (3) (4) 42 (1) After section RF 11B, insert: 30 RF 11C Interest paid by non-resident companies to non-residents When this section applies (1) This section applies in relation to an amount of non-resident passive income that consists of interest and is paid— (a) (b) by a company that is resident in a country or territory outside New Zea- land for the purposes of a double tax agreement; and 35 to a person that is resident in a country or territory outside New Zealand for the purposes of the double tax agreement.
58 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 43 Application of NRWT rules to amount The NRWT rules apply to the amount as being interest, despite any provision in a double tax agreement that would otherwise require the NRWT rules to apply to the amount as being a dividend.
Defined in this Act: amount, company, dividend, double tax agreement, interest, New Zealand, non- resident passive income, NRWT rules, pay, tax Subsection (1) applies for a person for the 2008–09 and later income years except for a payment of non-resident passive income made before the date of introduction of the Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill, for which the person has adopted a tax position that is inconsistent with the amendment made by subsection (1).
Section YA 1 amended (Definitions) This section amends section YA 1.

Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: act together is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) In the definition of arm’s length amount, replace “Purpose of rules and nature of arrangements” with “Purpose and application of rules and nature of arrange- ments”.
(2) (2) 43 (1) (2) (3) (4) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: (5) (6) (7) branch mismatch report is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: control group is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: country-by-country report is the report that must be provided to the Commis- sioner under section 78G of the Tax Administration Act 1994 In the definition of deductible foreign equity distribution,— (a) (b) in paragraph (a), replace “a deduction is allowed” with “a deduction against income or equivalent tax relief or tax benefit is allowed, or would be allowed in the absence of hybrid mismatch legislation,”: in paragraph (b)(ii), replace “allowed a deduction” with “allowed, or would be allowed in the absence of hybrid mismatch legislation, a de- duction against income or equivalent tax relief or tax benefit”.
(8) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: (9) financial instrument is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) In the definition of goods, replace “and EA 3 (Prepayments)” with “EA 3 (Pre- payments), GB 54 (Arrangements involving establishments), and YD 4B (Meaning of permanent establishment)”.
(10) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: 59 Part 1 cl 43 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill hybrid mismatch legislation is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: hybrid mismatch report is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert in appropriate alphabetical order: (11) (12) large multinational group means a consolidated accounting group that— 5 (a) (b) (c) has a member resident in New Zealand or income with a source in New Zealand; and has a member resident in a country or territory other than New Zealand; and in the latest complete income year has annual consolidated group reve- nue equal to or exceeding the exemption threshold referred to in para- graph 5.53 of the OECD transfer pricing guidelines (13) In the definition of life reinsurer, replace “sections EY 12(4)” with “sections EY 12(5)”.
(14) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: mismatch amount is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: mismatch situation is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: (15) (16) OECD transfer pricing guidelines means guidelines published by the Organ- isation for Economic Co-operation and Development as OECD 2017, OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administra- tions 2017, OECD Publishing, Paris 10 15 20 (17) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: permanent establishment is defined in section YD 4B (Meaning of perman- ent establishment) 25 (18) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: public project asset is defined in section FE 4B (Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt) public project debt is defined in section FE 4B (Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt) 30 public project participant debt is defined in section FE 4B (Meaning of public project asset, public project debt, and public project participant debt) (19) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: related is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) 35 (20) Replace the definition of related-party debt with: related-party debt is defined in— 60 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 1 cl 44 (a) section RF 12H (Meaning of related-party debt) for the purposes of the NRWT rules: (b) section RF 12H(1), otherwise In the definition of returning share transfer, paragraph (a)(i), delete “listed on an official list of a recognised exchange”.
5 In the definition of services, paragraph (b), replace “subpart MX, and in” with “and GB 54 (Arrangements involving establishments), in subpart MX, in sec- tion YD 4B (Meaning of permanent establishment), and in”.
Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: structured arrangement is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: surplus assessable income is defined in section FH 15(1) (Definitions) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) total group non-debt liabilities is defined in section FE 16B (Total group non-debt liabilities) for the purposes of subpart FE (Interest apportionment on thin capitalisation) (26) In the definition of transfer pricing arrangement, replace “Purpose of rules and nature of arrangements” with “Purpose and application of rules and nature of arrangements”.
(27) Insert, in appropriate alphabetical order: wholly-owned large multinational group means a large multinational group for which a group of persons holds all the ownership interests in each member (28) Subsections (2) to (5), (7) to (11), and (13) to (27) apply for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
10 15 20 44 Section YD 4 amended (Classes of income treated as having New Zealand source) 25 (1) After section YD 4(17B), insert: Income through permanent establishment (17C) Income attributable to a permanent establishment in New Zealand has a source in New Zealand, subject to subsections (15) to (17).

30 Income taxable under double tax agreement (17D) Income that may be taxed in New Zealand under a double tax agreement has a source in New Zealand.
(2) In section YD 4, list of defined terms, insert “double tax agreement” and “per- manent establishment”.

35 (3) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.
61 (1) (2) (3) (4) (2) 46 Part 1 cl 45 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill 45 New section YD 4B inserted (Meaning of permanent establishment) (1) After section YD 4, insert: YD 4B Meaning of permanent establishment What this section does This section gives the meaning of permanent establishment for a person or other enterprise (the enterprise) that makes in New Zealand a supply of goods or services.
5 Double tax agreement with applicable definition Permanent establishment, for an enterprise that is resident in a country or ter- ritory with which New Zealand has a double tax agreement that includes a def- inition of permanent establishment, has the meaning given by— (a) (b) the double tax agreement: section GB 54 (Arrangements involving establishments), if the enter- prise meets the requirements of the section.
No double tax agreement with applicable definition Permanent establishment, for an enterprise that is resident in New Zealand or in a country or territory with which New Zealand does not have a double tax agreement that includes a definition of permanent establishment, has the mean- ing given by schedule 23 (Meaning of permanent establishment).
Interpretation of schedule 23 Schedule 23 is treated as applying consistently with the guidance relevant to the schedule that is provided by the Commentary on Article 5 of the Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital, in Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, as amended from time to time.
Defined in this Act: business, double tax agreement, goods, New Zealand, non-resident, permanent establishment, resident in New Zealand, services Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

Section YD 5 amended (Apportionment of income derived partly in New Zealand) After section YD 5(1), insert: Exception when permanent establishment (1BA) This section does not apply to business activities that a person carries on through a permanent establishment in New Zealand.
47 New section YD 5B inserted (Attribution of income derived through permanent establishment in New Zealand) After section YD 5, insert: 62 10 15 20 25 30 35 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 2 cl 51 YD 5B Attribution of income derived through permanent establishment in New Zealand When this section applies (1) (2) This section applies when a person carries on business activities through a per- manent establishment in New Zealand.
5 Apportionment The amount of income of the person that must be attributed to the permanent establishment is the amount that the permanent establishment might be expec- ted to derive if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly inde- pendently with the person.
Defined in this Act: amount, income, New Zealand, permanent establishment 48 New schedule 23 inserted (Meaning of permanent establishment) (1) After schedule 22, insert the schedule 23 in the schedule.

(2) Subsection (1) applies for income years beginning on or after 1 July 2018.

Part 2 Amendments to Tax Administration Act 1994 49 Tax Administration Act 1994 This Part amends the Tax Administration Act 1994.
50 Section 17 amended (Information to be furnished on request of Commissioner) After section 17(1C), insert: (1CB) For the purpose of subsection (1) and sections 139AB, 143(2) and 143A(2), information or a document is treated as being in the knowledge, possession, or control of a member of a large multinational group in an income year, disre- garding any law of a foreign country relating to the secrecy of information, if the information or document is in the knowledge, possession, or control of the member or another member of the large multinational group.
10 15 20 25 51 New section 21BA inserted (Information required to be provided by large multinational group) 30 After section 21, insert: 21BA Information required to be provided by large multinational group (1) This section applies if the Commissioner notifies a member of a large multina- tional group by a notice (the information demand) that the member is re- quired under section 17 to provide information relating to the large multina- 35 63 Part 2 cl 51 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill tional group or to a member of the large multinational group, and the mem- ber— (a) (b) (c) fails to provide, within 3 months of the date of the information requisi- tion (the demand date), a response to the information demand: provides, within 3 months of the demand date, a response that the Com- missioner considers to be misleading because it contains misleading in- formation or omits relevant information: 5 provides, within 3 months of the demand date, a response that the Com- missioner considers omits information, whether or not in the knowledge, possession, or control of the member, required by the information de- mand for the calculation of— (i) (ii) an arm’s length amount for a cross-border transaction: an amount of profit attributable to a permanent establishment in New Zealand of the member or another member of the large mul- tinational group: (d) provides, within 3 months of the information demand date, a response that the Commissioner considers does not fulfil the requirements of the information demand.
(2) The Commissioner must notify the member by a further notice that if the mem- ber does not provide a satisfactory response to the information demand before the date (the information deadline) that is 1 month after the date of the further notice,— (a) (b) the Commissioner may rely on the information held by the Commis- sioner in exercising the Commissioner’s powers to prosecute, penalise, assess, or reassess the member or other members of the large multina- tional group for a tax year to which the information required by the in- formation demand relates; and information required by the information demand and not provided to the Commissioner by the information deadline will not be allowed as evi- dence for use by the member or other member of the large multinational group in a dispute concerning an action of the Commissioner referred to in paragraph (a).
If a member of a large multinational group disputes a prosecution, imposition of a penalty, assessment, or reassessment, relating to a tax year, and informa- tion that is required by an information demand and relates to the tax year is not provided to the Commissioner before the information deadline, the information that is not the subject of a court order under subsection (4) is not— (a) allowed as evidence for use by the member in a disputes procedure under Part 4A: (b) admissible as evidence for the member in proceedings under Part 8 or Part 8A, or other proceedings.
40 10 15 20 25 30 35 (3) 64 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Part 2 cl 53 (4) A member of a large multinational group is allowed to use information in a way that would otherwise be prevented by subsection (3) if a court or Au- thority— (a) (b) (c) determines that obtaining the information in response to the information demand would have required an investment by the member of time and resources that would have been unreasonable in relation to the relevance of the information to the tax issues involved; and 5 determines that admission of the evidence is necessary to avoid manifest injustice to the member; and orders that the information be allowed or admissible as evidence in the proceedings.
10 52 New section 78G inserted (Country-by-country report from large multinational group) (1) Before section 79, insert: 78G Country-by-country report from large multinational group 15 (1) A large multinational group with an ultimate parent under subpart FE of the In- come Tax Act 2017 that is a New Zealand resident must provide to the Com- missioner a report, for each period set by the Commissioner, that includes: (a) the information described in the OECD transfer pricing guidelines, Chapter V, Annex III; and 20 (2) (2) 53 (b) other information that is required by the Commissioner.
The report for a period must be provided to the Commissioner by the date that is 12 months after the end of the period.

Subsection (1) applies for an income year beginning on or after 1 January 2016.
25 New section 139AB inserted (Penalty for member of large multinational group failing to provide information) After section 139AA, insert: 139AB Penalty for member of large multinational group failing to provide information (1) A member of a large multinational group is liable to pay a penalty under this section if— (a) (b) the Commissioner requires the member under section 17 to provide in- formation or a document that is treated under section 17(1CB) as be- ing in the knowledge, possession, or control of the company; and the member fails to provide the information or document within the time allowed by the Commissioner.
30 35 65 Part 2 cl 54 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill (2) 54 (1) The penalty under this section is the amount specified by the Commissioner, which must not exceed $100,000.

Section 143 amended (Absolute liability offences) In section 143(2)(b), replace “control.” with “control; and”.
(2) After section 143(2)(b), insert: (c) if the person is a member of a large multinational group, there is no member of the person’s large multinational group that has the informa- tion in the member’s knowledge, possession, or control.

55 (1) Section 143A amended (Knowledge offences) In section 143A(2)(b), replace “control.” with “control; and”.
(2) After section 143A(2)(b), insert: (c) if the person is a member of a large multinational group, there is no member of the person’s large multinational group that has the informa- tion in the member’s knowledge, possession, or control.
5 10 66 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Schedule Schedule New schedule 23 Schedule 23 Meaning of permanent establishment s 48 5 s YD 4B(3) Permanent establishment The term permanent establishment means a fixed place of business through which the business of a person or other entity (an enterprise) is wholly or part- ly carried on.
10 The term permanent establishment includes especially: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) a place of management; and a branch; and an office; and a factory; and a workshop; and a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources.
A building site, or a construction, installation or assembly project, or supervis- ory activities in connection with that building site or construction, installation or assembly project, constitutes a permanent establishment if it lasts more than 6 months.
An enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a country or territory (the State) and to carry on business through that permanent estab- lishment if for more than 183 days in any 12 month period— (a) it carries on activities in that State which consist of, or which are con- nected with, the exploration for or exploitation of natural resources, in- cluding standing timber, situated in that State; or (b) it operates substantial equipment in that State.
15 20 25 Notwithstanding the provisions of clauses 1 and 2 where an enterprise of a State performs services in another State (the other State)— 30 (a) through an individual who is present in that other State for a period or periods exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any 12 month period, and more than 50% of the gross revenues attributable to active business ac- tivities of the enterprise during this period or periods are derived from 35 the services performed in that other State through that individual; or 67 Schedule (b) Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill for a period or periods exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any 12 month period, and these services are performed for the same project or for connected projects through one or more individuals who are present and performing such services in that other State— the activities carried on in that other State in performing these services shall be deemed to be carried on through a permanent establishment of the enterprise situated in that other State, unless these services are limited to those mentioned in clause 7 which, if performed through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provi- sions of that clause.
For the purposes of this clause, services performed by an individual on behalf of one enterprise shall not be considered to be performed by another enterprise through that individual unless that other enterprise super- vises, directs or controls the manner in which these services are performed by the individual.
For the sole purpose of determining whether the time period referred to in clauses 3, 4, and 5, has been exceeded,— (a) where an enterprise of a State carries on activities referred to in clause 3, 4, or 5 for a period of more than 30 days and these activities are car- ried on during periods of time that do not last more than the period stipu- lated in those clauses; and (b) connected activities are carried on in that other State during different periods of time, each exceeding 30 days, by one or more enterprises closely related to the first-mentioned enterprise.
These different periods of time shall be added to the period of time during which the first-mentioned enterprise has carried on the activities referred to in clause 3, 4, or 5.
Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this section, the term permanent establishment shall be deemed not to include— (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) the use of facilities solely for the purpose of storage, display, or delivery of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise: 30 the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the en- terprise solely for the purpose of storage, display, or delivery: the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the en- terprise solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise: the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing goods or merchandise or of collecting information, for the enterprise: 35 the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of carrying on, for the enterprise, any other activity: the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for any combination of activities mentioned in subclauses (a) to (e)— 40 6 7 68 Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill Schedule Provided that such activity, or in the case of subclause (f), the overall activity of the fixed place of business, is of a preparatory or auxiliary character.
7.1 Clause 7 shall not apply to a fixed place of business that is used or maintained by an enterprise if the same enterprise or a closely related enterprise carries on business activities at the same place or at another place in the same State and— 5 (a) (b) that place or other place constitutes a permanent establishment for the enterprise or the closely related enterprise under the provisions of this section; or the overall activity resulting from the combination of the activities car- ried on by the 2 enterprises at the same place, or by the same enterprise or closely related enterprises at the 2 places, is not of a preparatory or auxiliary character— Provided that the business activities carried on by the two enterprises at the same place, or by the same enterprise or closely related enterprises at the two places, constitute complementary functions that are part of a cohesive business operation.
8 Notwithstanding the provisions of clauses 1 and 2 but subject to the provi- sions of clause 9, where a person is acting in a State on behalf of an enterprise and, in doing so— (a) habitually concludes contracts, or habitually plays the principal role leading to the conclusion of contracts that are routinely concluded with- out material modification by the enterprise, and these contracts are— (i) (ii) in the name of the enterprise; or for the transfer of the ownership of, or for the granting of the right to use, property owned by that enterprise or that the enterprise has the right to use; or (iii) for the provision of services by that enterprise; or (b) manufactures or processes in a State for the enterprise goods or mer- chandise belonging to the enterprise,— that enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in that State in respect of any activities which that person undertakes for the enterprise, un- less the activities of such person are limited to those mentioned in clause 7 which, if exercised through a fixed place of business (other than a fixed place of business to which clause 7.1 would apply), would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that sub- section.
9 Clause 8 shall not apply where the person acting in a State on behalf of an enterprise of the other State carries on business in the first-mentioned State as an independent agent and acts for the enterprise in the ordinary course of that business.
Where, however, a person acts exclusively or almost exclusively on behalf of one or more enterprises to which it is closely related, that person shall 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 69 Schedule Taxation (Neutralising Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Bill not be considered to be an independent agent within the meaning of this clause with respect to any such enterprise.
The fact that a company which is a resident of a State controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other State, or which carries on busi- ness in that other State (whether through a permanent establishment or other- wise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other.
For the purposes of this clause, a person or enterprise is closely related to an enterprise if, based on all the relevant facts and circumstances, 1 has control of the other or both are under the control of the same persons or enterprises.
In any case, a person or enterprise shall be considered to be closely related to an enterprise if 1 possesses directly or indirectly more than 50% of the beneficial interest in the other (or, in the case of a company, more than 50% of the aggre- gate vote and value of the company’s shares or of the beneficial equity interest in the company) or if another person or enterprise possesses directly or indi- rectly more than 50% of the beneficial interest (or, in the case of a company, more than 50% of the aggregate vote and value of the company’s shares or of the beneficial equity interest in the company) in the person and the enterprise or in the 2 enterprises.
5 10 15 Wellington, New Zealand: Published under the authority of the New Zealand Government—2017 10 11 70