Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1697795149624.pdf (Grenada)
Analysis and indicators Grenada CSO and World Bank Contents • Labor Market - Official Indicators • Characteristics of Labor Market in Grenada • Labor Force • Economically non active • Employment • Unemployment • Employment composition • Other indicators • International Comparisons Labor Market Indicators Working Age Population Working Age Population Employment Population Ratio Not-working to Population Ratio Labor Force Participation Rate Inactivity Rate Employment rate Unemployment rate Official Unemployment Definition 15 years and older 2014 2015 2013 82,202 45.3 54.7 66.7 33.3 67.8 32.2 83,382 47.9 52.1 67.8 32.2 70.7 29.3 83,796 48.9 51.1 68.8 31.2 71.0 29.0 Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-2015.
Note: Official Working Age Population of Grenada is 15 years and older.

*Preliminary Data from the Labour Force Survey 2015- Central Statistical Office from Grenada.
Official unemployment rate definition: % of labor force population age 15+ who are • Not employed, wants work, is seeking and available; OR • Not employed, wants work and is waiting to start new job within one month; OR • Not employed, wants work and is available for work but not actively seeking; OR • Not employed, does not want to work but would work if it were offered Employed Labour Force: All persons above the age specified for measuring the economically active population who during a specified brief period, known as the reference period (one week in the case of Grenada), performed a minimum of one hour's work for pay, profit or family gain.
Working age population: Population 15 years and older (international definition).

This does not mean persons 15 years are employed in Grenada since the legal age for a child to be in school is up to 16.

Most times these children are still attending school.
Labour Force (Economically Active)= Employed+ Unemployed Unemployment Rate = (Unemployed/Labour Force) * 100% Employment Rate= (Employed/Labour Force)* 100% Employment to Population ratio= (Employed/ Population 15 years and Older)*100% Population Not Working= Unemployed+ Economically Not Active 3 Characteristics of Labor Market Official Unemployment Definition 15 years old and older Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15 Not: Indicators were estimated with working age population 15+ years and Official Unemployment definition.
4 Reasons for being out-of-the labor force Age 15-24 Age 25-59 Age 60+ Already found job (less than 1 month) Already found job (more than 1 month) 0.4 Cannot find work Lack of Finance Awaiting recall from previous job Discrimination Don't Know where/how to seek Household duties Student Illness/Disability Family reason, pregnant Retired Other, Personal reason Total Source: Author's calculations based on LFS 2015.
1.5 2.2 3.5 0.7 1.7 2.3 13.8 11.4 29.3 15.3 3.9 14.5 0.6 0.9 1.2 85.5 3.1 3.9 4.3 100.0 100.0 3.5 15.7 0.4 78.4 2.0 100.0 5 Unemployment Rate by socio-economic characteristics • Youth unemployment has decline from 53% to 42%, but still much higher than national average Lower educated are more likely to be unemployed than those with secondary and above education Females have higher unemployment rates than males.

• • Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15.
6 Unemployment Rate by Parish, 2013-2015 Unemployment Rate Parish 2013 2014 2015 St. George St. Andrew St. David St. Patrick St. John Carriacou St. Mark 25.6 (1.86) 38.6 (2.45) 26.8 (3.48) 47.3 (4.38) 35.2 (4.03) 21.6 (4.64) 50.7 (7.30) 20.8 (1.58) 38.4 (2.35) 30.4 (3.05) 38.0 (3.77) 32.4 (4.12) 14.2 (3.97) 39.8 (4.95) 26.2 (1.7) 34.8 (2.27) 21.0 (2.7) 31.8 (4.2) 32.8 (4.1) 20.7 (4.3) 38.1 (6.2) Percentage Total Population 35.6 24.9 12.2 10.6 7.6 5.2 4.0 Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013- 15 for unemployment rate.
Census 2011 for total population Note: Standard error in parentheses.

have St Mark, St Andrew, St Patrick Parishes highest unemployment rates (around 40% of total population residing in those parishes).

the Thematic map based on 2015 Official Unemployment Definition (15 years and older) 7 CarriacouSt.

AndrewSt.

DavidSt.

GeorgeSt.

JohnSt.

MarkSt.


PatrickUnemployment rate 15+,% of total labor force(30,40](21,30](10,21][0,10] Unemployment Rate over Time • Unemployment rates remained relatively stable, but high since 2008.

Structural Adjustment Program Hurricane Ivan Global Economic crises Structural Adjustment Program Source: World Bank 2005, Organization of Eastern Caribbean States Towards a New Agenda for Growth for 1991-97.

Erasmus 2003, Grenada Labour Market Needs Assessment for 2001-08.
Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey for 2013 and 2014.

World Development Indicators (WDI) for GDP.

Note: Unemployment rates are not strictly comparable as different sources of data were used, i.e.

LFS 1991, 1994, 1997, Census in 2001, CWIQ in 2005, HBS in 2007, HLFS in 2013, 2014, 2015 however they could help to see a general picture in the case of relatively high changes.
8 Economically not active • Most of the Economically not Active between 25 and 64 years in Grenada have not completed primary education Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-2015.

Note: Economically not actives is the proportion of the population that is not in the labor force.

In this case ages 25-64 years are considered.


Highest level was used to define education attainment 9 Employment • The highest employment to population ratios are for 25-54 years olds and for those with at least complete secondary education Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15.

Note: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.

In this cases ages 15 years and older are considered in working-age population.
10 Employment composition • Majority of population are salaried workers (both men and women) • Men are more likely to be self-employed or work as employers than women.

Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15.

Note: Shares estimated with working age population 15 years and older.

11 Employment Composition: Showing public and private workers 12 Employment composition by industry • Most people work in Wholesale and retail trade and services, followed by Agriculture.
Not stated Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies Mining and quarrying Real estate activities Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply Information and communication Water supply; sewerage, waste management and others Arts, entertainment and recreation Professional, scientific and technical activities Financial and insurance activities Other service activities Activities of households as employers Administrative and support service activities Human health and social work activities Manufacturing Transportation and storage Public administration and defence; compulsory social security Accommodation and food service activities Construction Education Agriculture, forestry and fishing Wholesale and retail trade Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15.
Note: Shares estimated with working age population 15 years and older.

The classification "other" include the industries which represent less than 5 percent of employment; Other community services, Financial intermediation, Activities of private households, Fishing, Electricity, gas and water supply, Mining and quarrying and Extraterritorial organizations and bodies.
13 Employment composition by industry 14 Level of Education of Workers by Sector of Employment 2013-2015 Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15.

Note: Shares estimated with working age population 15 years and older.

15 Gender composition by industry of employment Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013 and 2014.

Note: Shares estimated with working age population 15 years and older.
16 Definition of strict unemployment rate for international comparisons Working Age Population 15-64.

(Strict Unemployment Definition) Working Age Population Employment Population Ratio Not-working to Population Ratio Labor Force Participation Rate Inactivity Rate Employment rate Unemployment rate 2013 2014 2015 70,171 51.0 71,814 70,977 54.9 53.1 49.0 67.3 32.7 75.8 24.2 46.9 70.4 29.6 75.5 24.5 45.1 71.2 28.8 77.1 22.9 Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15.
Unemployment rate used in the presentation (ILO definition for comparison purposes with other countries and reports): % of labor force population age 15-64 • Not employed, wants work, is seeking and available; OR • Not employed, wants work and is waiting to start new job within one month.

The rate for international comparison uses the ILO strict definition of unemployment.
It is referred to as strict because it confines the unemployed to those persons who were actually actively seeking employment during a reference month.

The rate for international comparability then imposes an age group of 15-64 as the working age population.

This is given by from World International comparisons Development Indicators Database.
the 19 Labor Force Participation – International Comparisons • Male labor force participation in Grenada (72.4 percent) is lower than in other Caribbean countries • But, female labor force participation ( 62.1 percent) is higher than in other countries, but lower than in St Lucia.

Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013 for Grenada and World Development Indicators (WDI) for the rest of countries.
Note: Labor Force Participation rate is estimated with working age population 15-64 years.

Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,045 but less than $12,736.

20 Characteristics of Labor Market Strict Unemployment Definition 15-64 years old.

Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013-15 Not: Indicators were estimated with working age population 15-64 years and Open Unemployment definition.
21 Youth unemployment cross-country comparison • Youth unemployment rates (15-24 years) are particularly high in OECS compared to other Caribbean countries In 2013, nearly one of every two young adults was unemployed • Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013 for Grenada and World Development Indicators (WDI) for the rest of countries.

Note: Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,045 but less than $12,736.
22 Unemployment Rate by gender – cross country comparison • Female unemployment rate is higher in Grenada than in St Lucia and other Caribbean countries • Male unemployment rate in the OECS is almost two times higher than in other Caribbean countries.

Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013 for Grenada and International Labour Organization (ILOSTAT) for the rest of countries.

Note: Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,045 but less than $12,736.
23 Employment formality The proportion of employed with a contract is slightly higher than St Lucia but lower than in the DR , but the probability of having access to insurance is higher than in the DR Share of workers with formal contract, 2013 100.0 e g a t n e c r e P 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 49.3 49.6 66.0 St. Lucia Grenada Dominican Republic SOME UPPER-MIDDLE-INCOME ECONOMIES Circa 2013 Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2013 for Grenada, Encuesta de Fuerza de Trabajo 2012 (ENFT) for Dominican Republic and Labor Force Survey 2013 for St. Lucia.
24 Note: Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,045 but less than $12,736.

Access to drinking water Access to drinking water (% population), 2015 Parish St. George St. Andrew St. David St. Patrick St. John Carriacou St. Mark Access to drinking water (% Population) Percentage Total Population 98.8 99.5 99.8 98.7 96.4 100.0 100.0 35.6 24.9 12.2 10.6 7.6 5.2 4.0 Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2015 for Access to drinking water .
Census 2011 for total population.

Note: The main sources of drinking water were classified as follow; Access: Piped into dwelling, piped into yard or plot, public tap/stand pipe, protected spring, rain water, and bottled water.

No Access: water from spring, unprotected spring, tanker truck, cart with small tank/ drum, surface water and other (no specified).

.

25 CarriacouSt.

AndrewSt.

DavidSt.

GeorgeSt.

JohnSt.

MarkSt.


PatrickAccess to drinking water,(% population)(97,100](90,97](30,90][0,30] Access to other basic services Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2014 for Grenada.

Note: Access to electricity= electricity-private generator and electricity-public.
Access to sanitation facilities= pit latrine not ventilated, pit latrine ventilated and elevated, pit latrine ventilated and not elevated, water closet(WC) (flush toilet) linked and water closet (flush toilet) link to sew.

Access to cooking fuel= cooking gas/lpg.

26 School attendance Source: Author's calculations based on Labour Force Survey 2014 for Grenada.

27