Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1697807280085.pdf (Jamaica)
EXAMINATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE INTERIM FISCAL POLICY PAPER WHICH WAS LAID BEFORE THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT ON SEPTEMBER 26, 2017 INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT THE AUDITOR GENERAL OF JAMAICA APRIL TO JULY 2017 The Auditor General is appointed by the Governor General and is required by the Constitution, Financial Administration and Audit Act, other sundry acts and letters of engagement, to conduct audits at least once per year of the accounts, financial financial transactions, operations and government of statements ministries local and government agencies, statutory bodies and government companies.
central departments, The Department is headed by the Auditor General, Pamela Monroe Ellis, who submits her reports to the Speaker of the House of Representatives in accordance with Section 122 of the Constitution of Jamaica and Section 29 of the Financial Administration and Audit Act.

This report was prepared by the Auditor for General’s Department of of presentation Representatives.
Jamaica House the to Auditor General of Jamaica Auditor General’s Department 40 Knutsford Boulevard Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I.
www.auditorgeneral.gov.jm 2 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table of Contents The Auditor General’s Review ........................................................................................................................ 5 Responsibilities of the Minister of Finance ................................................................................................ 5 Responsibilities of the Auditor General ...................................................................................................... 6 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Key Comments ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Recommendation ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Part A: Fiscal Management ............................................................................................................................. 9 Total Debt ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Tax Revenue .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Bauxite Levy .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Non-Tax Revenue ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Grants ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 Wages and Salaries .................................................................................................................................. 14 Interest Cost .............................................................................................................................................. 15 Recurrent Programme Expenditure .......................................................................................................... 16 Capital Expenditure .................................................................................................................................. 17 Primary Balance ........................................................................................................................................ 18 Fiscal Balance ........................................................................................................................................... 19 Part B: Deviation of the Fiscal Indicators ..................................................................................................... 20 3 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Bauxite Alumina Aluminium This page is intentionally left blank 4 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 The Auditor General’s Review 1.
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I have examined the components of the Fiscal Policy Paper FY2017/18 Interim Report.

The Fiscal Policy Paper FY2017/18 Interim Report was tabled in Parliament on September 26, 2017, within six months of the passage of the Appropriation Act, in keeping with the requirement of the Financial Administration and Audit (FAA) Act.

The report comprised the Fiscal Responsibility Statement, Macroeconomic Framework and Fiscal Management Strategy.
I reviewed the outturn for FY2016/17, the fiscal performance for April to July 2017 and projections to end FY2017/18 and medium-term.

Responsibilities of the Minister of Finance 3.

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5 Section 48B(2) of the FAA Act provides that: “Upon presentation of the annual Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure, the Minister shall lay before both Houses of Parliament – a) a Fiscal Policy Paper containing the information specified in the Third Schedule and setting out, in accordance with this section – i. a Fiscal Responsibility Statement; ii.

a Macroeconomic Framework; and iii.
a Fiscal Management Strategy.” Section 48E of the Financial Administration and Audit (FAA) (Amendment) Act requires that the Minister shall cause to be tabled in both Houses of Parliament within six months of the passage of the Appropriation Act for the financial year to which the relevant Estimates of Revenue and Expenditure relate, a Fiscal Policy Paper which shall, in addition to the matters set out in the Third Schedule, include: b) The outturn of the previous financial year; c) The performance of the first quarter of the financial year; d) Projections to the end of the current financial year; and e) Projections for the succeeding financial year and medium-term.
Section 48B (5(d) (ii) of the FAA Act requires the Minister to compare the outcome of the fiscal indicators with the targets established for the previous financial year and give reasons for any deviations.
Section 48D of the FAA Act requires that, the Minister shall act in conformity with the following fiscal management principles: a) The total debt is to be reduced to, and thereafter maintained at a prudent and sustainable level; b) Fiscal risks are to be managed prudently with particular reference to their quality and level; Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 c) Borrowings are to be geared toward investment activities that support productivity and economic growth; and d) Expenditure is to be managed in a manner that is consistent with the level of revenue.
Responsibilities of the Auditor General 7.
My responsibility, as set out in Section 48B (6) of the FAA Act, is to examine the components of the Fiscal Policy Paper and provide a report to the Houses of Parliament indicating whether:- a) the conventions and assumptions underlying the preparation of the Fiscal Policy Paper comply with the principles of prudent fiscal management specified in Section 48D; b) the reasons given, pursuant to subsection (5) (d) (ii) are reasonable having regard to the circumstances; c) pursuant to my application of criteria prescribed pursuant to regulations made under Section 50 (1), there are public bodies that do not form part of the specified public sector, and identifying those bodies (if any) which in the preceding financial year formed part of the specified public sector; d) a public private partnership involves only minimal contingent liabilities accruing to the Government.
Methodology 8.
In examining the FPP FY2017/18 Interim report, I reviewed the following:  The Fiscal Policy Paper for FY2017/18 and Errata (February 2017);  The outturn for FY2016/17 relative to budget in the context of projections at February 2017 and September FY2016/17; as well as the evidence and clarifications provided by the Ministry of Finance and Public Service (MoFPS) regarding deviation from targets;  Projections provided to end FY2017/18 and the medium-term including an assessment of fiscal risks; and  Other information from the MoFPS and publications from other external sources.
9.

I also performed other procedures considered necessary to enable the review process.

In the conduct of my review of the FPP FY2017/18 Interim report, I adhered to the standards issued by the International Association of Supreme Audit Institutions and International Standard on Assurance Engagement (ISAE) 3000 – Assurance Engagements Other than Audits or Reviews of Historical Information, issued by the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board.
6 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Key Comments 10.

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7 My comments are largely related to the information provided on central government performance; supported by information from other credible sources, where applicable.

Notably, the Interim FPP Report was provided for my review on October 2, 2017, one week after tabling.
The Interim Report contained the outturn for FY2016/17 compared to budget, the performance for April to July 2017 and projections to the end of FY2017/18 and the medium-term.

Whereas I am required under Section 48B (6) (b) of the FAA Act to confirm that the reasons given for deviations are reasonable, I could not verify this for Non-Tax revenue as no explanation was provided for the wide variation between the actual outturn and the estimate in the February FPP.
Non-Tax revenue was estimated to exceed budget for FY2016/17 by 13.4 per cent, whereas the Interim FPP reported actual Non-Tax Revenue as being below budget by 7.2 per cent.

In conducting my assessment of the February FY2017/18 FPP, I had sought to clarify whether there was a change in the bauxite levy regime as stated in that report.
Although the Ministry subsequently responded that there was no change, the Interim FPP FY2017/18 indicates that a decline in the FY2017/18 budget for Bauxite Levy reflects the GOJ’s decision to enter into a profit-sharing arrangement as part of a temporary change in the bauxite levy regime.

This is contrary to the Ministry’s previous response.

In correspondence dated October 23, 2017, the Ministry stated, “the Bauxite Levy Act had not been removed or repealed.
So the provisions of the Bauxite Levy Act can be re-imposed by the Minister subject to terms and conditions of MOUs with the particular bauxite entity.” The Interim FPP FY2017/18 report indicated that the final wage settlement for public sector workers could exceed the contingency provision in the budget.

This is a risk to the expenditure budget and the overall fiscal programme, which requires the attainment of the legislated target of 9 per cent of GDP by FY2018/19.
Of note, Section 48D of the FAA Act requires that fiscal risks are to be managed prudently with particular reference to their quality and level.

The Interim FY2017/18 FPP ascribed the continued reduction in debt servicing costs for FY2016/17 and for the April to July 2017 period, mainly to the execution of liability management operations, delays in debt management operations and a stronger than expected Jamaica Dollar.
However, the Report did not provide a value for the savings in interest payments arising from liability management operations to enable an assessment of reasonableness.

Reference was made to Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) transactions in progress and further, that the Enterprise Team had approved the Business Case and Procurement Plan for the Schools Solar Energy PPP in August 2017.
In accordance with the FAA Act, I am required to assess whether ‘a public private partnership involves only minimal contingent liabilities accruing to the Government’.

This assessment would be undertaken once the business case and financial Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 arrangements are finalized.
However, in a context where the Schools Energy project is a ‘Government Pays PPP’1, an assessment for contingent liability risk would not be relevant, as the contingent liability risk is explicit with clear fiscal implications for the GOJ.

Recommendation 16.
Recommendation 16.

In the interest of transparency and in accordance with the FAA Act, the Ministry should ensure that it provides reasonable explanations for deviations particularly where outturns are significantly at variance with previous estimates indicated in the FPPs.

Pamela Monroe Ellis, FCCA, FCA, CISA Auditor General 1 Government Pays– Project that requires GOJ funding/ support for operations, e.g.

schools or hospitals.

This will be covered in the budget as well as the public debt ceiling.
8 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Part A: Fiscal Management Total Debt 17.

The Interim FPP indicated that at end-March 2017, based on the new definition, total debt stock2 fell to 113.2 per cent of GDP, relative to a ratio of 122.3 per cent of GDP at end-March 2016.

The stock fell further between end-March 2017 and June 2017, consequent on liability management operations as well as, a lower than anticipated exchange rate.
At the same time, an analysis of the debt stock using the previous definition revealed that the ratio would have been 121.1 per cent of GDP at end-March, 7.9 percentage points higher than the current ratio underscoring the significance of the new measurement of the public debt stock to the debt trajectory.
Further, although the Interim Report indicated the outturn for total public debt to end-June 2017 (Table 1), the provision of information to end-July 2017 would have enabled a consistent assessment with the other fiscal indicators provided in the summary accounts.
June 2013 Table 1: Public Debt - June 2012 to June 2017 June 2012 Item (End of Period) Total Debt (J$mn) Domestic Debt (J$mn) External Debt (J$mn) 1,696,618.8 1,012,913.8 1,851,676.9 756,250.2 940,368.6 838,763.1 June 2014 June 2015 June 2016 June 2017 1,966,259.6 2,027,260.2 2,116,705.6 1,939,644.2 1,031,923.1 934,336.5 1,058,106.0 824,482.3 819,970.8 969,154.2 1,292,223.3 1,119,711.6 Source: MoFPS 18.
The Interim FPP Report projects total debt to decrease to 107.1 per cent of GDP by end-March 2018, and further to 100.7 per cent of GDP at end FY2018/19 and to 89.5 per cent by the end of FY2019/20 (Table 2).

The projected trajectory, suggests an average reduction in total debt of 8.8 per cent per annum between April 2017 and March 2020.
The trend decline in the ratio was noted in the context of Section 48D of the FAA Act, which requires that the Minister shall act in conformity with the fiscal management principles whereby total debt is to be reduced, and thereafter maintained at a prudent and sustainable level.

2 A new definition for public debt, which identifies Public Debt as the consolidated debt of the Specified Public Sector net of any crossholdings except those of the Bank of Jamaica (BOJ), became effective on April 1, 2017.
9 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table 2: Public Debt Performance and Vulnerability Ratios Public Debt Indicators FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Proj.
Total Debt (J$mn) 1,812,635.5 1,946,005.0 2,041,693.7 2,068,759.2 2,017,999.2 2,027,815.6 Debt Vulnerability Ratio Total Debt/GDP% 135.2 133.3 130.2 122.3 113.2 107.1 Interest/Tax Revenue Interest/GDP Debt Service/Tax Revenue 39.7 9.5 66.9 32 7.0 63.0 33.5 7.9 57.2 30.7 7.5 113.7 30.4 7.8 46.9 29.1 7.4 78.5 Source: MoFPS Tax Revenue 19.
The Interim FPP Report ascribed the excess 3.0 per cent in Tax Revenue over the budget for FY2016/17, to improved economic activity, reflected in the growth of real GDP, which boosted collections (Table 3).

This resulted in a Tax Revenue to GDP ratio of 25.7 per cent, which exceeded the ratio for the previous year and the 5-year average of 23.7 per cent.
I found this a reasonable explanation in a context where nominal GDP growth of 5.6 per cent was reported for FY2016/17 in Table 2D of the FY2017/18 Interim Report.
Table 3: Tax Revenue Actual vs Budget Fiscal Year FY2011/12 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Tax Revenue Budget (J$mn) Tax Revenue Actual (J$mn) Variance Actual/Budget (J$mn) Taxes Actual/GDP (%) Source: MoFPS 190,308.3 335,625.1 360,517.6 384,286.0 411,882.3 445,161.6 289,882.2 319,764.9 343,836.1 370,877.5 411,854.0 458,323.4 -7,337.1 -15,860.2 -16,681.5 -13,408.5 -28.3 13,161.8 23.0 23.9 23.6 23.6 24.4 25.7 Tax Revenue for April-July 2017, was reported to have surpassed the budgeted amount by 3.7 per cent.
Tax Revenues reflected real growth of 3.0 per cent relative to the similar period of 2016.

The improved collections supports the assertion of gains from strengthened administrative procedures noted in the Interim FPP.

A disaggregation of Tax Revenue indicated that receipts from Production & Consumption (local SCT & GCT) and Income & Profits (‘other companies’) exceeded (import-related-SCT) underperformed relative to target.
Collections from GCT and SCT combined, reflected an increased share of Tax Revenue, accounting for more than 51.6 per cent relative to the five-year average of 47.4 per cent (Chart 1).

This performance is consistent with the GOJ’s move towards indirect taxation measures and less emphasis on direct taxation.

International Trade targets, while respective their Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 20.

10 21.
10 21.

The Interim FPP indicated that the FY2017/18 tax budget exceeded actual receipts for FY2016/17, by 4.3 per cent.

Growth in tax collections was predicated on revised growth of 6.2 per cent in nominal GDP, as well as, the impact from other macroeconomic variables; and that the over performance in Tax Revenue is projected to slow over the remainder of the fiscal year to 0.7 per cent above the budgeted amount.
I believe this to be a reasonable assumption, given the downward revision of real GDP growth to 1.7 percent from the 2.3 per cent reported in the February FY2017/18 FPP.

Over the medium-term, Tax Revenue is forecasted (passive) at 24.6 per cent of GDP, while increasing to $580,305.0mn by FY2020/21.

Chart 1: SCT and GCT- April to July Bauxite Levy 22.
The Interim FPP indicated that Bauxite Levy collections for FY2016/17 were 27 per cent below budget, while for FY2017/18 collections are budgeted at 93.3 per cent below receipts for the previous fiscal year.

The Report stated that the decline reflected GOJ’s decision to enter into a profit-sharing arrangement as part of a temporary change in the bauxite levy regime.

This appears contrary to the Ministry’s previous response that there was no change, as suggested in the February FY2017/18 FPP.
In subsequent correspondence dated October 23, 2017, the Ministry has informed, “the Bauxite Levy Act had not been removed or repealed.

So the provisions of the Bauxite Levy Act can be re-imposed by the Minister subject to terms and conditions of MOUs with the particular bauxite entity.” 23.

The Interim FPP indicated that for April to July 2017, collections from the Bauxite Levy were relatively in line with budget of $131.0mn.
The Ministry noted that these flows reflected a US$1.0mn legacy payment relating to bauxite levy arrears made by the new owners of Noranda 11 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 in accordance with the new agreement with GOJ.

At the same time, we note that a profit-sharing arrangement was only established with Noranda3.
On the other hand, indications are that Windalco is currently benefitting from a full waiver of levy payments through to end-March 2018, while, Jamalco has operated under a special arrangement since 20034.

24.

Over the medium-term, Bauxite Levy is projected to be nil through to FY2021/22.
However, this forecast appears inconsistent with expectations for continued legacy payments by the owners of Noranda, which, according to the Letter of Intent with the GOJ, should be paid in annual tranches over an eight-year period beginning FY2017/185.

Further, with the impending expiry of the waiver on Windalco’s levy payments, it is expected that the medium-term forecasts would include levy payments from this entity.

This underscores the need for greater clarity regarding the bauxite levy regime.
The Ministry have since informed that the omission of bauxite levy projections was an oversight, and will be included in the next FPP.

* Non-Tax Revenue 25.

The Interim report revealed that actual Non-Tax Revenue for FY2016/17 was 7.2 per cent below the budget or 1.9 per cent of GDP, a decline relative to the 2.1 per cent of GDP recorded for FY2015/16.

Additionally, Non-tax revenue as a share in Revenues & Grants fell to 6.8 per cent from 7.8 per cent.
However, no explanation was provided for the underperformance in a context where the February 2017/18 FPP had estimated Non-Tax revenue to exceed budget for FY2016/17 by $4.1bn (13.4 per cent).

Table 4: Non-Tax Revenue Fiscal Year FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Proj.
Non -Tax Revenue Budget (J$mn) Non-Tax Revenue Actual (J$mn) Variance Actual/Budget (J$mn) Non-Tax Actual/ Rev & Grant (%) Source: MoFPS 5,207.4 8,198.0 8,909.1 7,795.5 5,471.8 10,309.2 5,264.2 8,776.2 9,210.0 6,515.0 7,363.9 10,363.6 56.8 578.2 300.9 -1280.5 1,892.0 54.4 5.1 7.4 7.6 4.8 4.8 6.2 3 The Ministry did not provide information regarding other players in the industry in relation to the new regime.
4 Jamalco pays no Bauxite levy, but pays a special royalty ranging from US$1.00 – US$1.75 per tonne of bauxite.

5 The Letter of Intent notes that a total of US$12.6mn in legacy payments related to bauxite levy arrears is to be paid by the owners of Noranda over an 8-year period (US$1.0mn per annum for the first 4 years and US$2.15mn per annum for a further 4 years).

The first tranche for FY2017/18 was paid.


12 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 26.

27.

For April to July 2017, Non-Tax Revenue collections of $10,363.6mn was in line with budgeted amount of $10,309.2mn.

Non-Tax Revenue represented a greater share of Revenue & Grants, at 6.2 per cent, relative to the previous year and the 5-year average (Table 4).
Notwithstanding, net transfers to GOJ from Self-Financing Public Bodies (SFPBs) was below budget, partly due to underperformance in dividend distribution which represents one of the main contributors to Non-Tax Revenue.

For FY2017/18, the projection is for Non-Tax Revenue to exceed actual receipts for FY2016/17 by 54.4 per cent, which translates to a share of 9.7 per cent in Revenue & Grants relative to 7.4 per cent for FY2016/17.
The projection is largely predicated on enhanced distributions from the SFPBs and Executive Agencies as well the de-earmarking of revenue flows from three Public Bodies.

The Interim FPP indicated that the increase is also supported by the proceeds from the profit-sharing agreement, based on the temporary suspension of the Bauxite Levy regime as well as expected increase in pension contributions.
The forecast is for Non-tax Revenue to remain stable at 2.9 per cent of GDP over the medium-term, primarily supported by the distributions from the NHT.

The share in Revenue & Grants is also forecasted at a constant 10 per cent.

Grants 28.

Grants for FY2016/17 was 18.7 per cent below budget (Table 5).

The Grants to GDP ratio was 0.3 per cent, same as that budgeted for FY2017/18 and accounted for 1.1 per cent of total Revenue and Grants, in line with the budget.
The budgeted level of grants for FY2017/18 is the lowest amount since FY2012/13.

Table 5: Grants - Budgeted vs Actual Fiscal Year FY2011/12 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Grants Budget (J$mn) Grants Actual (J$mn) 5,113.2 4,412.0 9,422.3 8,644.9 9,539.0 6,509.8 3,448.8 3,940.5 10,428.5 5,017.8 5,463.6 5,292.8 Variance (J$mn) -1,664.4 -471.5 1,006.2 -3,627.1 -4,075.4 -1,217.0 Grants/GDP (Actual %) Source: MoFPS 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 29.
For the period April to July 2017, Grants was $1,838.2mn or $448.8mn (32.3 per cent) above budget (Table 6).

The Ministry indicated that increased flows reflect improvements in the implementation of projects and there were no carryover amounts from FY2016/17.
13 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table 6: Grants - April to July Outturn (April-July) FY2012/13 Grants Budget (J$mn) Grants Actual (J$mn) 695.0 332.7 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 1,229.6 2,963.5 3,275.1 916.3 1,389.4 650.6 608.7 1,762.5 2,491.5 1,838.2 Variance (J$mn) Source: MoFPS -362.3 -579.0 -2,354.8 -1,512.6 1,575.2 448.8 30.
The FAA Act requires that Expenditure be managed in a manner that is consistent with the level of revenue.

In this regard, we note that for FY2016/17, there was a narrowing in the gap between revenue and expenditure to $3.5bn from $4.9bn the previous year.

Critical to the management of the expenditure budget, has been containment in Wages & Salaries and interest costs.

Wages and Salaries 31.


Wages are projected to fall to 9 per cent of GDP by March 31, 2019, in line with the legislative target set out in Section 48C (c) of the FAA Act, which was amended in 2016.

However, the Interim FPP 2017/18 Report indicated that the new round of wage negotiations for the FY2017/19 contract period are yet to be completed.

Further, the FY2017/18 budget includes a contingency provision for the wage adjustment, which takes into consideration the legislated target of 9 per cent.
The Interim FPP 2017/18 Report states that the final wage settlement could exceed the contingency provision, increasing the risk to the expenditure budget and the overall fiscal programme including the attainment of the legislated target.

32.

For FY2016/17, Wages & Salaries was 9.3 per cent of GDP and 1.3 per cent below budget.

The Interim FPP FY2017/18 projects wages and salaries to increase to 9.5 per cent of GDP by end March 2018 (Table 7).
Table 7: Wages and Salaries (J$ million) Fiscal Year FY2016/17 (Act) FY2017/18 (Proj) FY2018/19 (Proj) FY2019/20 (Proj) FY2020/21 (Proj) FY2021/22 (Proj) Wages 166,484.7 179,546.4 184,953.7 196,656.1 211,293.4 227,617.7 Wages/GDP Ratio (%) Source: MoFPS 9.3 9.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 33.

For April to July 2017, the Interim FPP reported wages & salaries as $59,354.1mn, while the outturn as published on the MoFPS website was $58,354.1mn.
In light of this, the Ministry should seek to ensure consistency and reliability of information provided.

Wages & Salaries accounted for 46.5 per cent of non-debt Expenditure for April to July 2017 and 34.5 per cent of total expenditure.

Wages& Salaries share of Total Expenditure was however below the average of 38.9 per cent for the April to July period of the past five years (Table 8).
Notwithstanding the 14 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 downward trend, Wages & Salaries continued to command the largest share of the Expenditure budget.
Table 8: Wages & Salaries - April to July Outturn April to July FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Budget FY2017/18 52,401.5 53,471.9 53,409.0 53,087.8 54,295.5 59,354.1 57,731.1 46.3 60.9 43.0 57.2 38.2 55.4 34.5 48.8 32.4 46.3 34.5 46.5 32.2 44.0 Wages & Salaries (J$mn) Wages &Salaries/Total Expenditure (%) Wages & Salaries/Non- Debt Expenditure (%) Source: MoFPS Interest Cost 34.
For FY2016/17, interest cost was 0.5 per cent below budget while the interest cost to GDP ratio at 7.8 per cent was below the five-year average of 8.4 per cent (Table 9).

Interest expense accounted for 27.7 per cent of total Expenditure for FY2016/17 relative to 27.3 per cent for FY2015/16.

For FY2017/18, interest cost is budgeted at 7.4 per cent of GDP and 25.5 per cent of total Expenditure.
Table 9: Interest Cost - Budgeted vs. Actual Fiscal Year FY2011/12 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Interest Payment Budget (J$mn) Interest Payment Actual ($Jmn) Variance Actual/Budget (J$mn) Interest Actual/GDP (%) Source: MoFPS 131,083.9 136,533.8 119,566.8 132,669.1 131,614.3 140,126.3 120,635.1 126,937.5 109,919.5 124,512.7 125,679.5 139,356.2 (10,448.8) (9,596.3) (9,647.3) (8,156.4) (5,934.8) (770.1) 9.5 9.5 7.5 7.9 7.4 7.8 35.
For the April to July 2017 period, interest cost was 6.7 per cent less than budgeted while, the ratio of Interest cost to Tax Revenue was 28.9 per cent compared the budgeted ratio of 32.2 per cent and the average ratio of 33.2 per cent for an April to July period of the past five years.

Interest cost represented 25.8 per cent of Total Expenditure for April to July 2017, which was less than budget, and below the average of 27.8 per cent for the corresponding period of the past 5 years (Table 10).
15 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table 10: Interest Cost - April to July Outturn April-July FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Budget 27,084.7 30,873.3 43,320.5 45,252.2 50,307.1 44,543.9 47,758.7 27.8 23.9 28.4 24.8 38.8 31.0 35.6 29.4 35.3 30.0 28.9 25.8 32.2 26.8 FY2017/18 Interest/Tax (%) Interest Cost (J$mn) S o u r c Source: MoFPS Interest/Total Expenditure (%) 36.
The Interim FY2017/18 FPP ascribed the continued reduction in debt servicing costs for FY2016/17 and for the April to July 2017 period, mainly to the execution of liability management operations, delays in debt management operations and a stronger than expected Jamaica Dollar.

However, the Report did not provide a value for the savings in interest payments arising from liability management operations to enable an assessment of reasonableness.

Recurrent Programme Expenditure 37.


Recurrent Programmes expenditure for FY2016/17 was 0.3 per cent lower than budget however, the ratio to GDP of 8.0 per cent was broadly in line with the budgeted ratio of 8.1 per cent but exceeded the 5-year average of 7.0 per cent (Table 11).

Recurrent Programmes expenditure accounted for 28.4 per cent of Total Expenditure for FY2016/17 and was marginally below the previous year of 28.9 per cent.
For FY2017/18, the share in Total Expenditure is budgeted to rise to 30.5 per cent.
Table 11: Recurrent Programmes Expenditure – Budgeted vs. Actual Fiscal Year FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2011/12 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Programmes Budget (J$mn) 87,215.1 92,160.7 93,664.2 110,281.1 135,735.3 143,467.9 Programmes Actual (J$mn) 89,699.4 87,201.4 91,971.7 112,696.7 133,502.4 142,976.4 Variance Actual/Budget (J$mn) Programmes Actual/GDP (%) Source: MoFPS 2,484.3 (4,959.3) (1,692.5) 2,415.6 (2,232.9) (491.5) 7.1 6.5 6.3 7.2 7.9 8.0 38.
For the period April to July 2017, Recurrent Programmes was below budget by 7.4 per cent and accounted for 42.5 per cent of non-debt Expenditure relative to a target of 44.6 per cent.

As a proportion of Total Expenditure, Recurrent Programmes expenditure accounted for 31.5 per cent, below the budgeted ratio of 32.7 per cent but above the average of 26.3 per cent for an April to July period of the past 5 years (Table 12).
16 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table 12: Recurrent Programmes - April to July Outturn April-July FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Budget FY2017/18 Programmes (J$mn) 27,216.8 28,764.5 35,197.8 46,195.2 48,607.5 54,302.7 58,613.3 Programmes/Total Expenditure (%) Programmes/Non- Debt Expenditure (%) Source: MoFPS 24.1 31.6 23.1 30.7 25.2 36.5 30.0 42.5 29.0 41.4 31.5 42.5 32.7 44.6 39.
The FPP FY2017/18 Interim Report noted that Programmes for the April to July 2017 period, included utility payments of approximately $2.0bn, Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility (CCRIF) payment of $795.7mn and pension payments of approximately $8.0bn.

Notably, Programme spending was $5,695.2mn higher than the corresponding period in 2016.

Capital Expenditure 40.


Against the background of the additional fiscal space provided by a reduction in the Primary Balance target for FY2016/17, Capital Expenditure for FY2016/17 (2.4 per cent of GDP), exceeded the spending for FY2015/16 by 28.1 per cent.

However, the outturn represented a 2.4 per cent shortfall relative to budget (Table 13).
Capital Expenditure also accounted for 8.3 per cent of total Expenditure for FY2016/17 and the share is budgeted to increase to 9.1 per cent and exceed the five-year average to FY2016/17.
Table 13: Capital Expenditure – Budgeted vs. Actual Fiscal Year FY2011/12 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Capital Expenditure Budget (J$mn) Capital Expenditure Actual (J$mn) Variance (J$mn) Capital/GDP (Actual %) Source: MoFPS 60,415.4 39,493.0 44,721.8 34,628.2 30,409.0 43,000.8 53,230.9 37,758.0 36,988.9 23,019.1 32,747.4 41,955.3 -7,184.5 4.2 -1,735.0 2.8 -7,732.9 2.5 -11,609.1 1.5 2,338.4 1.9 7,327.2 2.4 41.
For April to July 2017, Capital Expenditure was $827.6mn below budget and accounted for 7.3 per cent of non-debt Expenditure, relative to the targeted ratio of 7.7 per cent for the four- month period (Table 14).

The outturn was almost in line with the budgeted ratio of 6.6 per cent of Total Expenditure and the five-year average of 6.5 per cent.
17 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table 14: Capital Expenditure: April - July Outturn (April-July) FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 6,405.9 11,297.3 7,803.1 9,516.2 10,434.9 9,301.1 5.7 7.4 9.1 12.1 5.6 8.1 6.2 8.7 6.2 8.9 5.4 7.3 5.7 7.7 Budget FY2017/18 10,128.7 Capital Expenditure (J$mn) Capital Expenditure / Total Expenditure (%) Capital Expenditure / Non-Debt Expenditure (%) Source: MoFPS Primary Balance 42.
The Primary Surplus for FY2016/17 was 7.6 per cent of GDP, exceeding the budget of 7.0 per cent (Table 15).

The actual outturn for FY2016/17 of $135,880.0mn also exceeded the estimate of the $126,598.5mn reported in the February FY2017/18 FPP.

The Primary Balance target for FY2017/18 is 7.0 per cent of GDP.
Table 15: Primary Balance: Budgeted vs. Actual Fiscal Year FY2011/12 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Primary Balance Target (J$mn) Primary Balance Target/GDP (%) Primary Balance Actual (J$mn) Primary Balance Actual/GDP (%) Source: MoFPS 69,264.2 83,558.3 111,121.2 121,275.0 126,727.7 122,126.0 5.2 6.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.0 39,662.7 72,336.6 111,657.1 117,241.7 120,795.8 135,880.0 3.1 5.4 7.7 7.5 7.4 7.6 43.
For the period April to July 2017, the primary surplus amounted to $38,565.1mn, $9,554.6mn or 32.9 per cent better than target (Table 16).

This outturn exceeded the average of $26,474.9mn for an April to July period of the previous five years.
Table 16: Primary Balance: April to July Outturn (April - July) FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Budget 17,621.7 25,140.3 25,348.7 27,833.2 36,430.6 38,565.1 FY2017/18 29,010.5 Primary Balance (J$mn) Source: MoFPS 18 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Fiscal Balance 44.
Central Government recorded a fiscal deficit of 0.2 per cent of GDP for FY2016/17 compared to the budgeted deficit of 1.0 per cent of GDP (Table 17).
Table 17: Fiscal Balance: Budgeted vs. Actual Fiscal Year FY2011/12 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 Fiscal Balance Target (J$mn) Fiscal Balance Target/GDP (%) Fiscal Balance Actual (J$mn) Fiscal Balance Actual/GDP (%) Source: MoFPS -61,819.9 -52,975.5 -8,045.7 -11,394.1 -4,880.9 -16,332.8 -4.6 -3.8 -3.8 -0.7 -0.3 -1.0 -80,972.4 -54,610.5 1,737.6 -7,270.8 -4,883.7 -3,476.2 -6.4 -4.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 45.

For FY2017/18, the Fiscal Deficit is budgeted at 0.4 per cent of GDP.
For the first four months of FY2017/18, the deficit was $12,769.3mn less than budgeted and less than the average of $12,892.64mn for an April to July period of the previous five years (Table 18).
Table 18: Fiscal Balance: April to July Outturn (April - July) Fiscal Balance (J$mn) -9,463.0 -5,732.9 FY2012/13 FY2013/14 FY2014/15 FY2015/16 FY2016/17 FY2017/18 Budget FY2017/18 -17,419.0 -13,876.5 -5,978.8 -18,748.1 -17,971.8 Source: MoFPS 19 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Part B: Deviation of the Fiscal Indicators 46.

I have reviewed the explanations provided in the FPP FY2017/18 Interim Report.
In making a determination of reasonableness of the explanations provided by the Minister of Finance, the following were undertaken: a) A review of the macroeconomic framework provided in the Interim Report in context of Budget Assumptions indicated in the FPP FY2017/18 February 2017; b) A review of estimated revenue gains/losses from the FY2017/18 Revenue Measures; c) A review of risks in the FY2017/18 Fiscal Policy Paper and Debt Management Strategy to determine if any has materialized or were excluded from initial projections; d) A review of emerging risks discussed in the Interim Report; e) Confirmation where possible, of the Minister’s explanations with observed data.
47.

My comments on variances provided in Table 19 are confined to those elements for which adequate information was provided in the FY2017/18 Interim FPP and by the Ministry of Finance.
20 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Table 19: Comments on the Explanations for the Fiscal Deviations for April to July 2017 relative to Budget (J$mn) Key Tax Types Provisional Budget Tax Revenue April-July $153,626.6 $148,175.4 Deviation from budget projection (%) 3.7 Share of Tax Revenue GOJ's Explanation Stated in FPP FY2017/18 Interim Audit Comments Ministry's Response The over-performance was attributable to the approved revenue measures announced in February 2017 and the continued strengthening of administrative procedures.
The measures tabled in March 2017 exceeded the budget gap.

Hence, the Interim report should have explained how these measures performed for April to July relative to target.

Revenue Measures for the current FY would not be included in the FPP.

These would be tabled in a Ministry Paper.

Income & Profits Other Companies $34,548.7 $32,981.9 4.8 23.1 Over-performance in Corporate Taxes influenced better than budgeted performance.
$13,139.2 $9,835.4 33.6 8.6 Improved compliance, increased profitability of the companies and growth in the number of tax paying companies.

Agreed The number of companies paying CIT increased to 776 in July from 700 in April.

PAYE $17,007.2 $17,825.7 -4.6 Production & Consumption $59,504.5 $54,252.2 9.7 11.1 The Ministry assumed that this resulted from increase in employment of persons below the personal income tax threshold.

38.8 Improvements in the real sector.


Despite overall downturn in real GDP, Manufacture; Key Tax Types Provisional Budget Deviation from budget projection (%) Share of Tax Revenue GOJ's Explanation Stated in FPP FY2017/18 Interim Audit Comments Ministry's Response SCT (local) $11,320.1 $7,868.7 43.9 7.4 Partly attributable to greater than projected production at the local petroleum refinery.
GCT (local) $28,750.6 $28,130.7 2.2 18.7 Education Tax $8,675.5 $7,907.0 9.7 5.6 Higher levels of employment and personal income.

International Trade $59,573.3 $60,941.3 -2.2 38.8 Shortfalls in SCT (imports) was the main contributor.

GCT (imports) $25,477.4 $25,589.0 -0.4 16.6 The better performance was due to PetroJam having no credits to set off against local amounts due, as well as higher production taking place in April to July.

An oversight.
An oversight.

This tax type benefited from improvements in Administrative Systems Food, Beverage & Tobacco subsectors increased, which are key components for SCT (local) Petroleum production for April to July 2017 was below amount for corresponding period in 2016, and the last five years.

The Interim report did not provide an explanation for variance.

This is consistent with increase in employment.

The Interim report did not provide an explanation for variance.
22 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 Key Tax Types Provisional Budget Deviation from budget projection (%) Share of Tax Revenue GOJ's Explanation Stated in FPP FY2017/18 Interim SCT (Imports) $13,799.5 $16,642.3 -17.1 9.0 Notable shifts in preferences for cars with smaller engine capacity possibly due to their mileage efficiency and affordability.
Customs Duty $12,059.5 $11,569.8 4.2 7.8 Audit Comments Ministry's Response We could not validate this explanation.

The Interim report did not provide an explanation for variance.

An oversight.

Customs duty was driven by increased volumes and higher CIF values.

Bauxite Levy $125.7 $131.0 -2.7 0.1 Profit sharing regime that forms part of the temporary bauxite levy modification for the sector.

Slower than projected depreciation of the exchange rate.
Minor deviation was due to lower than projected exchange rate outturn for the period.

Non-Tax Revenue $10,363.6 $10,309.2 0.5 6.7 Grants $1,838.2 $1,389.4 32.3 1.2 The Interim report did not provide an explanation for variance.

The Interim report did not provide an explanation for variance.

This was broadly in line with budget with a variance of less than 1%.

An oversight.

The performance was due to improvements in the execution of capital projects.
23 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017 24 Examination of FPP FY2017/2018 Interim Report Ministry of Finance and the Public Service October 2017