Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698847849645.pdf (New Zealand)
Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 (SR 1982/119) PURSUANT to the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Act 1953, the Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries hereby gives the fol­ lowing notice.
Contents 1 2 3 Title and commencement Approval of scheme of examination Revocation Schedule Scheme for the examination of candidates for the Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate (HSC) Page 1 1 2 2 1 (1) (2) 2 Title and commencement This notice may be cited as the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982.

This notice shall come into force on the 14th day after the date of its notiﬁcation in the Gazette.
Approval of scheme of examination The Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries hereby approves— The scheme submitted by the Examining Board of the (a) Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Incorpor­ ated, with the authority of the said Institute, for the examination of candidates for the Horticultural Sales Note This notice is administered in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.
1 cl 3 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 (b) Certiﬁcate (HSC), which scheme is set out in the Sched­ ule hereto: The revocation by clause 8 of that scheme of the scheme for the examination of candidates for the Horticultural Salesman’s Certiﬁcate [HSC (NZ)] of the said Institute, which last­mentioned scheme is set out in the Sched­ ule to the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 19681.
3 Revocation The Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examin­ ations Notice 19682 is hereby revoked.
1 Schedule Scheme for the examination of candidates for the Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate (HSC) Cl 2 In this scheme, unless the context otherwise requires,— Horticultural requisites includes garden tools, fertilisers, spray materials, garden furniture, and other goods commonly sold for use in horticulture, but does not include animals, birds, or ﬁsh or goods of any description used in connection with keeping animals, birds, or ﬁsh Identiﬁcation, in relation to each of the plants, weeds, pests, and diseases which are of more or less general occurrence in New Zealand, means the assigning thereto of its correct com­ mon name or of its correct scientiﬁc name The Institute means the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Incorporated Pesticide shall have the same meaning as in the Pesticides Act 1979 1 SR 1968/122 2 SR 1968/122 2 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule Plants is to be interpreted in its widest sense, and includes seeds, trees, shrubs, vegetables, and ﬂowers, both indoor and outdoor Recommendation, in relation to a pesticide, manure, or fer­ tiliser which is commonly sold in New Zealand, means the as­ signing thereto of its common name or of its scientiﬁc name, and stating the method and purpose of use and any precautions to be observed in its use.
Award of Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate The Institute, on the recommendation of the Examining Board, may issue a Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate to a candidate who complies with all the conditions and requirements hereinafter prescribed and who passes the examinations hereinafter pre­ scribed.

General requirements 2 3 (1) (2) The examinations shall be open to candidates who are engaged in the retail sale of horticultural plants and horticultural requi­ sites.
Before being eligible to qualify for the Horticultural Sales Cer­ tiﬁcate, a candidate shall: (a) (b) Register with the Institute: Satisfy the Examining Board that the candidate is com­ petent to proceed with the examinations of the Institute.
(3) A candidate who has not previously been engaged in horticul­ tural retailing shall, in addition to complying with the condi­ tions speciﬁed in clause 3(2)(a) and (b) of this scheme, satisfy the Examining Board that the candidate has attained the stan­ dard prescribed by the Examining Board in a practical training programme for horticultural retailing approved by the Exam­ ining Board.
The Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate may be awarded only to a candidate who has completed at least 2 years in the retail sale of horticultural plants and horticultural requisites.

(4) 3 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 (5) The Examining Board may, in its discretion, waive compliance by a candidate with the requirements of clause 3(3) and (4) if it is satisﬁed that the candidate has complied with substantially similar requirements.
Conduct of examinations (1) The examinations for the Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate shall be held at such times and at such centres as shall be decided by the Examining Board.

(2) A candidate shall give written notice to the Examining Board of intention to sit an examination in such manner as the Examining Board may determine not later than the 31st day of July preceding the date ﬁxed for the conduct of the examination.

Such notice shall be accompanied by payment of the prescribed fee.
Examination fees Every candidate for any examination for the Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate conducted by the Institute shall pay to the Institute such fee as the Board may prescribe not exceeding $25 in respect of each Part of the examination.

General conditions 4 5 6 PART A speciﬁed in this scheme may not be taken until the candidate has completed at least one year of satisfactory ex­ perience in the retail sale of horticultural plants and horticul­ tural requisites.
PARTS B AND C of this scheme may not be taken until the candidate has completed at least 2 years of satisfactory experi­ ence in the retail sale of horticultural plants and horticultural requisites and has passed Part A.
The Examining Board may, in its discretion, waive compliance by a candidate with the requirements of clause 6(1) and (2) if it (1) (2) (3) 4 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule (4) is satisﬁed that the candidate has complied with substantially similar requirements.

To obtain a pass in PART C speciﬁed in clause 7 of this scheme a candidate must attain the standard required in all sections of the examination.
Subjects of examination 7 The subjects of and requirements for the examination for the Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate shall be— PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application 1.


Plant Studies (Note: Candidates will be required to have only an elementary knowledge of botany, soils and plant nutrition and the practical application thereof to gardening and maintaining plants in retail outlets.)

(a) Botanical Nomenclature and Classiﬁcation.

(i) Botanical classiﬁcation and the binomial system Knowing relationships in plant breeding, budding, grafting, pollination, compatibility, and controlling pests, diseases and weeds.
5 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.
Topic Practical Application Using botanical names and confusion caused by use of common names.

Preparing catalogues, planting lists, signs and labels.

Describing and identifying plants.

(ii) Botanical and common names.

(iii) Writing botanical and horticultural names.

(iv) Common botanical terms used to describe plants and plant parts.

(v) Classiﬁcation according to life cycles and growth.

Sowing, planting, and selling annual biennial, and perennial seeds and plants at the right time.
(b) Plant Cells.

(i) Structure and function of plant cells.

(ii) Vegetative cell division.

(c) The Root.

(i) Root function.

(ii) Root systems; tap and ﬁbrous roots, adventitious roots.

Modifying roots by wrenching and root pruning; damaging by cultivation and incorrect watering.
6 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application (iii) Root structure, both external and internal.
Propagating by root cuttings; spreading perennial weeds by cultivation.

(iv) Functions of root tissues.

Recognising the effects on roots of poor drainage, insufﬁcient watering of plants in open ground, and of insufﬁcient and excessive watering of plants in containers.

Recognising the effects on roots of excessive fertiliser use and soluble salts.

(v) Root modiﬁcations.

Propagating by tuberous roots; selecting climbing plants.

(vi) Mycorrhiza.

Inoculating soil and seeds.

(d) The Stem.


(i) Stem functions.

(ii) Structure and growth of herbaceous and woody dicotyledon stems.

Functions of stem tissues.

Propagating dicotyledons by cuttings; budding, grafting and layering.

Propagating monocotyledons that have specialised stems by vegetative methods.

Wound healing; ringbarking.


7 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.
Topic Practical Application (iii) Stem modiﬁcations both Propagating by rhizomes, runners, bulbs, corms and tubers.

Selecting climbing plants.

(e) The Leaf.

(i) Leaf shapes, arrangements and modiﬁcations.

(ii) Leaf structure.

(iii) Functions of leaf tissues.

Photosynthesis and conditions affecting it­light, CO2.

Transpiration and conditions affecting it­temperature, humidity.

Describing and identifying plants.

Recognising possible cultural needs.


Recognising effects of poor and excess light; providing adequate light in greenhouses and display areas; ensuring an adequate supply of CO2 in greenhouses and display areas; propagating under mist.

Determining causes of wilting; controlling heat and humidity in greenhouses, shops and other display areas.

(iv) Respiration (in all plant parts) and conditions affecting it.

Controlling respiration in plants during propagation and subsequent growth.

(f) The Flower.
(f) The Flower.

(i) Parts of the ﬂower; ﬂower structure and inﬂorescence types.

8 Describing and identifying plants.

Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.
Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application (ii) Monoecious and dioecious plants.

Pollination, fertilisation, cross­pollination, compatibility and incompatibility.

(iii) Hybrids and hybrid vigour.

(iv) Botanical and popular use of term fruit.

(v) Classiﬁcation of main fruit types.

(g) Inﬂuence of the Environment.

Environmental factors and their effect on plant growth.

(h) Soils.
(h) Soils.

Pollinating fruit trees, bushes, vines and fruiting ornamentals; selecting suitable pollinators.

Using F1 hybrids.

Describing and identifying plants.

Selecting plants for speciﬁc purposes (such as shelter and specimens) in particular soil and climatic conditions.
9 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.
Topic Practical Application (i) Origin and development of soils; soil texture; soil structure; characteristics of sand, silt, clay, loam and organic soils, soil pH.

(ii) Plant nutrition and availability of nutrients.

(iii) Soil improvement.

(iv) Compost and other organic material and their uses.

(v) Fertilisers and manures and their analysis, uses and application; lime.

Recognising suitable soils for gardens and plant growth; pH test kits.

Using soil test kits.

Improving drainage and fertility.


Making and using compost; applying mulches.

Choosing and applying fertilisers and lime.

2.

Plant Health.

(a) Plant Growth.

10 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.
Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application Causes and symptoms of poor growth in plants; pests, diseases and physiological disorders.

Recognising common causes of poor growth in plants; pests, diseases and physiological disorders.

(b) Prevention and Control.

Methods of prevention and control by exclusion and by cultural and chemical means.
Controlling common pests, diseases and physiological disorders in the home garden and in retail plant outlets.

3.

Plants on Display.

The care and maintenance of plants on display.

Watering and fertilising.

Maintaining suitable temperatures, humidity and light intensity in shops and other display areas.

Providing shade and protection from wind and frost in outdoor display areas.

Maintaining plants in a healthy attractive condition.

11 4.

Displays.
11 4.

Displays.

Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART A (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.
Topic Practical Application The arrangement and maintenance of displays.

Arranging and maintaining displays of seeds, plants and horticultural requisites.

Writing directional signs and signs for plants and displays; writing labels.

5.

Salesmanship.

Personal qualities and attributes of a good salesman; characteristics and traits of customers; sales techniques.

Dealing with customers; sales techniques; handling complaints and questions; theft; cash, cheque and credit card transactions.
PART B (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application 6.

Weed Control.


12 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART B (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.
Topic Practical Application Methods of weed control; cultivation, mulching, chemicals and cultural practices.

Controlling weeds by cultivation; soil and other conditions necessary for good weed control; spreading weeds by cultivation.

Mulching using suitable materials; applying mulches.

Controlling weeds in lawns.

Controlling mosses and lichens.

Selecting herbicides for speciﬁc purposes in the home garden such as before sowing or planting, among shrubs, and on paths and waste areas.
Applying herbicides.

Storing, selling and using pesticides.

13 7.Pesticide Legislation.

Legislation covering the safe use of pesticides in the home garden and their display, sale and storage in retail outlets.

8.

Lawns.
8.

Lawns.

Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART B (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.
Topic Practical Application (a) Soil and other conditions necessary for good lawns.

Lawn preparation, sowing and maintenance.

Preparing seed bed; applying fertilisers; pre­sowing weed control; selecting suitable seed mixtures; sowing and treating new lawns.

(b) Non­grass lawns.

9.

Planting.

Soil and other conditions growth.

Maintaining established lawns; renovating old lawns.

Preparing and selecting suitable plants and planting methods for laying non­grass lawns.
Preparing sites for trees, shrubs, rose beds, ﬂowers, vegetables and hedges.

Planting and caring for bare root, balled and container grown plants, bedding plants, vegetable seedlings, herbaceous perennials, bulbs, corms and tubers until established.

10.

Sowing.

The germination process; soil and other conditions necessary for germination.

Preparing soil for sowing in gardens and seed beds; sowing; growing seedlings; thinning.
14 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART B (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application 11.

Care of House Plants.


Conditions and treatment necessary for good growth and health of house plants.

Sowing in seed boxes; using suitable composts; pricking out.

Potting up, re­potting, using suitable composts.

Watering, controlling pests and diseases, feeding and general maintenance of house plants.

12.

Pruning.

Reasons for pruning; pruning principles.

Pruning fruit trees, bushes, and vines, roses, and commonly grown ornamental shrubs.

Disbudding and stopping.


Propagating common garden plants by these methods.

13.

Propagation.

Methods suitable for home gardeners; cuttings, layering, division, budding and grafting.

14.

Drainage.
14.

Drainage.

15 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART B (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application Digging open drains.

Need for drainage.
Need for drainage.

Drainage systems suitable for home gardens such as open drains, ﬁeld tiles and perforated plastic pipes.

Installing ﬁeld tiles and plastic pipes.

15.

Garden Construction­(Using materials commonly stocked by garden centres.)

(a) Paving materials.

Laying paving slabs and bricks.

(b) Ornamental garden pools both ﬁbreglass and polythene lined.

Installing ﬁbreglass garden pools and constructing polythene lined garden pools.
(c) Low maintenance gardens using pebbles, bark and similar materials.

Installing low maintenance gardens.

16.

Hand and motorised tools and equipment used by home gardeners.

Characteristics and safe use of home garden tools and equipment.

Choosing and using home garden tools and equipment.
16 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART B (Written)—Two Two­Hour Papers The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to that topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Each paper may contain questions relating to any of the topics and the practical application of that topic.

Topic Practical Application 17.

Greenhouses and Shadehouses.


Controlling light, temperature and humidity in greenhouses.

Greenhouses and shadehouses suitable for use by home gardeners; characteristics of covering materials.

18.

Organisation and Management.

(a) Staff control and staff training.

Implementing staff control and staff training techniques.

(b) Elementary business practices.

Buying; advertising; planning; stocktaking.


PART C—ORAL AND PRACTICAL The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to each such topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.

Candidates may be examined on the practical application of the topics speciﬁed in PARTS A and B of this scheme and shall, in addition, be required to answer a question or questions relating to safety in the handling and use of horticultural requisites.
Topic Practical Application 1.

Plant Identiﬁcation Culture and Use.

Identifying plants commonly found in home gardens in the 17 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 PART C—ORAL AND PRACTICAL The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to each such topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.
Candidates may be examined on the practical application of the topics speciﬁed in PARTS A and B of this scheme and shall, in addition, be required to answer a question or questions relating to safety in the handling and use of horticultural requisites.

Topic Practical Application (Specimens may include plants other than ornamentals weeds such as fruit and shelter).

2.

Weed Identiﬁcation and Control.

3.

Pest and Disease Identiﬁcation.

4.

Display Preparation.


relevant area, giving botanical and common names and the main points about their characteristics and culture such as hardiness, height and spread, ﬂowering time, uses, soil and climatic requirements.

Identifying weeds common in the relevant area, giving common names and recommendations for control.

Identifying common pests, diseases and physiological disorders, giving common names and recommendations for prevention and control.
Supplying information needed to produce signs suitable for plant displays such as plant size, plant names, cultural information and sign layout.

Writing and attaching plant labels.

18 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Schedule PART C—ORAL AND PRACTICAL The topics speciﬁed in the First Column below and in relation to each such topic its practical application speciﬁed in the Second Column below and set opposite that topic.
Candidates may be examined on the practical application of the topics speciﬁed in PARTS A and B of this scheme and shall, in addition, be required to answer a question or questions relating to safety in the handling and use of horticultural requisites.

Topic Practical Application Arranging a display of plants or horticultural requisites or a display of both plants and horticultural requisites.

5.

Tools and Equipment.

Using and caring for garden tools.

6.

Plant Care.

7.

Salesmanship.


8. Business Practices.

Maintaining plants in retail outlets including watering, spraying, feeding.

Dealing with customers and questions frequently asked by customers; explaining and demonstrating the use of garden equipment and tools.

Handling cash, cheque and credit card transactions; checking delivery dockets, invoices, statements and other business documents; stocktaking; use of telephone and other services.
19 Explanatory note Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1982 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Revocation 8.

The scheme for the Examination of Candidates for the Horticultural Salesman’s Certiﬁcate [HSC (NZ)] of the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Incorporated, which scheme is set out in the Schedule to the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 19683, is hereby revoked.
Explanatory note This note is not part of the notice, but is intended to indicate its gen­ eral effect.

This notice gives effect to a new scheme for examination for the Horticultural Sales Certiﬁcate (HSC) of the Royal New Zealand In­ stitute of Horticulture.

It replaces the scheme for examination for the Horticultural Salesman’s Certiﬁcate [HSC (NZ)] of the Institute.

Issued under the authority of the Regulations Act 1936.

Date of notiﬁcation in Gazette: 20 May 1982.

3 SR 1968/122 20