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Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 (SR 1985/103) PURSUANT to the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Act 1953, the Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries hereby gives the fol­ lowing notice.

Contents 1 2 Title and commencement Approval of scheme of examination Schedule Scheme for the examination of candidates for the Certiﬁcate in Horticultural Theory (C.H.T.)
Page 1 1 2 1 (1) (2) 2 Title and commencement This notice may be cited as the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985.

This notice shall come into force on the day after the date of its notiﬁcation in the Gazette.
Approval of scheme of examination The Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries hereby approves the scheme submitted by the Examining Board of the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Incorporated, with the au­ thority of the said Institute, for the examination of candidates Note This notice is administered in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.
1 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 for the Certiﬁcate in Horticultural Theory (CHT), set out in the Schedule hereto.

Schedule Scheme for the examination of candidates for the Certiﬁcate in Horticultural Theory (C.H.T.)
In this scheme, unless the context otherwise requires,— Certiﬁcate means the Certiﬁcate in Horticultural Theory granted by the Institute Examining Board means the Examining Board of the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Incorporated The Institute means the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Incorporated Pest means any mammal, bird, arthropod, mollusc, nematode or other worm, fungus, bacterium, virus or mycoplasma harm­ ful to horticultural plants.
Award of Certiﬁcate in Horticultural Theory The Institute, on the recommendation of the Examining Board, may issue a Certiﬁcate in Horticultural Theory to a candidate who complies with all the conditions and requirements here­ inafter prescribed and who passes the examinations hereinafter prescribed.
General requirements 1 2 3 The examinations shall be open to a candidate who— (a) (b) Is a member of the Institute; and Registers with the Institute by the 31st day of May in the year the ﬁrst examination is to be taken; and Pays such registration fee, not exceeding $50, as may be prescribed by the Examining Board; and Is aged 15 years or over; and (c) (d) (1) 2 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Schedule (e) (f) Satisﬁes the Examining Board that the candidate is competent to proceed with the examinations of the Institute; and Gives written notice to the Examining Board of inten­ tion to sit an examination in such manner as the Exam­ ining Board may determine not later than the 31st day of July preceding the date ﬁxed for the conduct of the examination.
Such notice shall be accompanied by pay­ ment of the prescribed fee.

(2) The Certiﬁcate may be awarded only to a candidate who has passed the Institute’s examinations for all subjects speciﬁed in clause 6 of this scheme.

Examination fees Every candidate for any examination for the Certiﬁcate shall pay to the Institute such fee, not exceeding $50, as the Exam­ ining Board may prescribe in respect of each subject the can­ didate wishes to be examined in.
Conduct of examinations 4 5 (1) (2) The examinations for the Certiﬁcate shall be held in Novem­ ber in each year at such times and at such centres as shall be decided by the Examining Board.

There shall be one examination for each of the subjects speci­ ﬁed in clause 6 of this scheme.

Each examination shall be one 3­hour paper.

(3) (4) A candidate may take the examination in more than one of the subjects speciﬁed in clause 6 of this scheme when exam­ inations for the Certiﬁcate are held.
Subjects of examination The subjects of each examination shall be 6 (1) Horticultural Botany 3 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 • • • • • • • Elementary plant classiﬁcation including botanical nomenclature and plant naming.

Elementary plant morphology and anatomy.

Plant life cycles and life forms (angiosperms, gym­ nosperms, ferns, mosses, liverworts, biennial, peren­ nial, evergreen, deciduous, herbaceous, woody).
Plant reproduction (asexual, sexual, seed germination, elementary genetics).

Introductory ecological aspects of the plant and its en­ vironment.

Requirements of plants for growth and development.

(Note: In this examination a candidate’s ability to relate botanical principles to horticulture will be tested.)

(2) (3) • • • • • • Plant Pests and Disorders • • An elementary knowledge of plant pests.

Identiﬁcation of important horticultural pests and dam­ age they cause.
Identiﬁcation of symptoms of common physiological disorders that affect horticultural plants and plant parts.

The safe use of chemicals used for plant protection.

Principles of control of pests and physiological disor­ ders (including biological, chemical, cultural, and quar­ antine methods where appropriate).

Plant quarantine in New Zealand.

(Note: In this examination a detailed knowledge of spe­ ciﬁc pest life cycles is not required.)

Soil Properties and Processes • • Soil formation and development.
The major physical, chemical, and biological soil prop­ erties of signiﬁcance to horticultural production.

Soils of New Zealand.

(Note: Candidates will be re­ quired to have only an elementary knowledge.)

(4) Horticultural Practices • • Safety on horticultural properties.

The scope and location of amenity and commercial horticultural production in New Zealand.
4 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Schedule • • • • Measures used to improve environmental conditions for the growth of horticultural plants.

Introduction to plant propagation including propagation methods, sexual and asexual propagation, propagation media, and equipment.

Principles of plant pruning and training.

Amenity, orchard, vegetable production, nursery, and (Note: A ﬂoricultural practices throughout the year.
detailed knowledge of crop production is not required.

However, candidates will be required to demonstrate a general knowledge of the type of work and equipment on different types of horticultural properties.)

Elementary record keeping including diaries and speci­ mens.

Plant Classiﬁcation • • Systematic botany and taxonomy.

Horticultural nomen­ clature and botanical terms used in classiﬁcation.

Plant identiﬁcation and the use of simple keys.


A general outline of the classiﬁcation and diversity of plants with emphasis on important horticultural fam­ ilies.

(Note: Candidates will be required to classify horticultural plants according to a classiﬁcation system approved by the Examining Board.
Candidates will be required to know the general characters of plant fami­ lies, to have studied one or two examples of each and to be able to refer to some of the more important gen­ era and species cultivated in gardens.

Candidates will not be required to have a detailed knowledge of all the characters of each family, but will be required to have a sufﬁcient knowledge to enable them as horticulturists to recognise certain family characters.)
(5) • • (6) Weed Control and Horticultural Chemicals • • • Weed identiﬁcation and weed control principles.

Legis­ lation relating to weed control.

Herbicides and their uses.

Chemicals used for plant protection purposes including formulation, mode of action and use.

Legislation gov­ erning the storage and use of plant protection chemicals.
5 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 (7) Soil Management • Soil water management; drainage and irrigation prin­ ciples.

(Note: A detailed knowledge of speciﬁc equip­ ment and installation and operating procedures is not required.)

Soil and plant nutrient testing.

Fertilisers and their use.

Soil tillage.

Suitability and management of soils for horticultural use.
(8) Horticultural Plant Science • • • • • • • Assimilation including photosynthesis, translocation, and mobilisation.

Plant growth and development including juvenility, senescence, ﬂowering, fruiting, dormancy, and hor­ monal control of plant growth including the effects of the application of growth substances.

Mineral nutrition and deﬁciency symptoms.

Respiration.

Transpiration.

Environmental inﬂuences on plant growth including wind, light, temperature, and water availability.
Plant ecology sufﬁcient to demonstrate a knowledge of the principles of plant growth in controlled environments.

(Note: In this examination a candidate’s ability to relate botanical principles to horticulture will be tested.)

Amenity Horticulture Principles • A general knowledge of trees and shrubs commonly used for amenity, urban forestry, hedging and shelter purposes including transporting, planting, transplant­ ing, general management, pruning, and tree surgery.
The use and cultivation of annual, biennial and peren­ nial plants and the provision of seasonal displays.

The preparation, sowing, laying, and maintenance of amenity turf areas.

The cultivation of ornamental plants in plant houses.

• • • • • • • (9) or 6 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Schedule Fruit Production Principles • • Selection of land, crops, rootstocks, and fruit cultivars.
Orchard layout including buildings, roading, and shel­ ter.

The principles of fruit plant propagation.

Crop production practices including planting, training, pruning, orchard ﬂoor maintenance, thinning, fertiliser use, and irrigation.

(Note: A detailed knowledge of ma­ chinery and equipment is not required.)

Harvesting, including fruit maturity and post harvest physiology.
(Note: In this examination a detailed knowledge of the production, harvesting, and marketing of any particular fruit crop is not required.)

or Vegetable Production Principles • • Selection of land, crops and cultivars.

Vegetable holding layout including buildings, roading, and shelter.

Vegetable plant propagation including drilling, and pro­ ducing and using transplants.

Crop production practices both indoor and outdoor in­ cluding supporting, thinning, fertiliser use, irrigation, and rotation.
(Note: A detailed knowledge of machin­ ery and equipment is not required.)

Seed and seed treatments.

The greenhouse environment.

Harvesting including crop maturity and post harvest physiology.

(Note: In this examination a detailed knowledge of the production, harvesting, and marketing of any particular vegetable crop is not required.)

• • • • • • • • • • or Nursery Production Principles • Areas of nursery production in New Zealand.
Relation­ ship of nursery production to locality and potential mar­ kets.

7 Schedule Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 • • • • • • • The structure of the nursery industry in New Zealand.

Nursery layout including buildings, roading, and shel­ ter.

Nursery production practices including open ground production, container production, and plant house plant production.

Propagation management and planning.


The selection, collection, and preparation of propagating material.

Mi­ cropropagation.

Marketing including marketing channels, packing, presentation, transport, storage, and promotion.

Retail selling.

Exporting.

Recording and budgeting.

(Note: Candidates will be required to have only an elementary knowledge.)

(Note: In this examination a detailed knowledge of the production, harvesting, and marketing of any particular nursery crop is not required.)
or Floricultural Production Principles • Areas of ﬂoricultural production in New Zealand.

Re­ lationship of ﬂoricultural production to locality and po­ tential markets.

The structure of the ﬂoriculture industry in New Zealand.

The layout of properties producing cut ﬂowers and fo­ liage including buildings, roading, and shelter.

Floricultural production practices including outdoor and plant house production practices.

Propagation management and planning.


The selection, collection, and preparation of propagating material.

Marketing including marketing channels, packing, presentation, transport, storage, and promotion.

Ex­ porting.

Recording and budgeting.

(Note: Candidates will be required to have only an elementary knowledge.)
• • • • • • 8 Reprinted as at 3 September 2007 Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture Examinations Notice 1985 • (Note: In this examination a detailed knowledge of the production, harvesting, and marketing of any particular ﬂoricultural crop is not required.)

Explanatory Note This note is not part of the notice, but is intended to indicate its gen­ eral effect.

This notice gives effect to a scheme for examination for the Certiﬁ­ cate in Horticultural Theory (C.H.T.)
of the Royal New Zealand In­ stitute of Horticulture.

Issued under the authority of the Regulations Act 1936.

Date of notiﬁcation in Gazette: 24 May 1983.

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