Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1697796955118.pdf (Dominica)
i ~~,~ • ~T {£;:L1 (..ctA,_ t~ J j [ ~,t...v( COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA National Accounts 1978 - 1991 AND Balance of Payments 1986 - 1@€J1 CENTRAl STATISTICAL OFFICE MINISTRY OF FINANCE t / TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO PREFACE DEFINITION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE ACCOUNTS AND RELATED AGGREGATES NOTES ON METHODOLOGY ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DOMINICAN ECONOMY FOR 1991 TABLE 1.

Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Current Prices 1978 - 1991 2.
Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Constant Prices 1978 - 1991 ,a,f • 3.

Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product in Current Prices at Purchasers Value, 1978 - 1991 4.

Percentage Contribution of GDP by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Current Prices 1978 - 1991 5.

Percentage Contribution of GDP by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Constant Prices 1978 - 1991 6.

Rate of Growth of GDP by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Current Prices 1978 - 1991 7.
Rate of Growth of GDP by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Constant Prices 8.

Gross Domestic Product Deflators by Economic Activity at Factor Cost 1978 - 1991 9.

Index of GDP by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Current Prices 1978 - 1991 10.

Index of GDP by Economic Activity at Factor Cost in Constant Prices 1978 - 1991 11.

Gross Domestic Product and Allied Aggregates in Current Prices 1978 - 1991 1 8 13 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED 12.
Gross Domestic Product and Allied Aggregates in Constant Prices 1978 - 1991 13.

Current Account of Central Government Revenue 14.

Current Account of Central Government Expenditure 15.

Current Account of Departmental Enterprises 16.

Capital Account of Central Government 17.

Current Account of Central Government Revenue as a percentage of GDP 18.

Current Account of Central Government Expenditure as a percentage of GDP 19.

Balance of Payments 1986 - 1988 20.

Balance of Payments 1988 - 1991 21.


Selected Economic Indicators 1978 - 1991 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 35 37 , • • • • PREFACE This is the fourth publication on National Accounts issued by the Central Statistical Office.

This issue provides estimates of Gross Domestic Product in current and constant prices at factor cost, and also of expenditure on GDP at current prices.

Additionally, it includes a detailed breakdown of the Balance of Payments components from 1986 to 1991.
The accounts of Central Government as well as government enterprises and some key economic indicators are also included.

In presenting this report, the standard methodology adopted for the OECS countries which is broadly consistent with the revised United Nations System for National Accounts (SNA) has been used.

However, due to serious manpower constraints and other pertinent problems, the scope of the series has been greatly restricted.
Consequently, a number of the tables which have been recommended in the SNA are not here presented.

Compilation of the Balance of Payments estimates which is undertaken with assistance from the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank follows standard procedures recommended by the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) "Blue Book".

The material presented in this issue consists of revised National Accounts estimates for the period 1978 to 1990 and prel iminary estimates for 1991.
Also revised Balance of Payments estimates are presented from 1986 to 1991.

Heavy reliance is being placed on an annual survey of establishments which provides most of the source data for the compilation of these statistics.

The Central Statistical Office expresses sincere thanks to the many establishments which continually provide us with the relevant data.
In addition the services rendered by Mrs Hazel Corbin of the OECS and Miss Lucilla Lewis of the ECCB have gone a long way in finalizing the National Accounts and Balance of Payments statistics.
Special thanks must also be extended to Mr Thomson Fontaine of the CSO who over the past few years has greatly assisted in the development of the National Accounts statistics through data collection, the compilation and analysis of the estimates and who in fact undertook responsibility for the preparation of this issue.

Michael Murphy Chief Statistician Central Statistical Office .. t • • • f ., ..

DEFINITION OF COMPONENTS OF THE ACCOUNTS AND RELATED AGGREGATES I.
COMPENSATION OF EMPLOYEES: This is defined to include all payments by resident producers of wages and salaries to their employees in cash and in kind, and of contributions paid or imputed,in respect of their employees, to social security schemes and to private pensions, family allowance, casualty insurance, life insurance and similar schemes.
(1) Wages and Salaries: This is defined to include all payments which employees receive in respect of their work deductions to whether in cash Social Security, before Included are: kind, Tax, and etc.

in ome or Inc Commissions Tips Bonuses (a) (b) (c) (d) Cost of living and dearness allowances (e) Fees to ministers of religion (f) Fees to members of boards of directors (g) Holidays and paid vacation or sick leave.

Also included is the cost to the employer of providing food, lodging, ordinary clothing etc.
either free of cost, or at a markedly reduced cost which are of clear and direct benefit to the employees as consumers.

Excluded from wages and salaries are expenditure by employers which are of benefit both to the employees and the employers.
Examples of these are outlays on: (a) Medical Examinations (b) Sport and other recreational facilities (c) Amenities at place of work (d) Reimbursement of expenses for travel and entertainment (e) Reimbursement of expenses or provision of uniforms, tools and equipment.

(2) Employers Contribution to Social security Schemes: This concept is self explanatory.

(3) Employers contribution to Private Pension Funds etc.
This is defined as contributions to funds, reserves or other of family private special schemes in respect allowances, lay-off and severance pay, casaulties and maternity leave, pensions etc.

The SNA states that if in the absence of special schemes payments of contributions in included in the schemes.
direct imputed respect of these obligations should be employers contribution to private reserves, this type to their employees, employers make of • • II THE OPERATING SURPLUS: This is equivalent to the excess of the value added at producer's prices over the sum of compensation of employees, indirect taxes net of subsidies and allowances for the consumption of fixed capital.
If strict income approach to estimating value added is used, operating surplus is estimated directly and value added is computed as the difference between gross output and intermediate consumption and operating surplus is calculated as the residual between value added and its other components.

Operating surplus is simply the sum of net profits and property income.
When estimates of operating surplus of establishments are derived from data on profits shown in the accounts of enterprises, care has to be taken to adjust these data, as necessary, to the national accounts definition.

If the figures from the accountants of enterprises, relate to profits before taxes, it is necessary to adjust them to remove any property incomes - interest, rent on land, royalties, etc.
- and transfers paid and received - grants to institutions and individuals, investments, subsidies and grants ­ and capital gains and losses reflected in the figures.

III THE GROSS OUTPUT OF INDUSTRIES: This is equal to the gross value of the commodities (the goods and services) they produce during the period.

In the case of units producing for the market most of the goods produced during a period are usually sold during the same period.
The rest goes into the stocks of the producers either in the form of finished goods or as work-in-progress.

Work-in-progress includes partially processed, fabricated or assembled goods, but excludes partially completed construction works, which are included in gross fixed capital The formation and in the sales of the construction industry.

increase in the value of standing timber and crops which is due to growth is excluded from gross output and work-in-progress.
Goods and services produced which are not intended for sale in the market, but are used for consumption or capital formation on own account, should also be covered in the gross output of industries.

IV INTERMEDIATE CONSUMPTION: This is made up of the purchases of goods and services on current account reduced by sales less purchases of similar second-hand goods.

The goods are valued at purchaser's values at the moment of use.
For Government, durable goods acqu~red primarily for 2 • military purposes are treated as intermediate consumption.

It should be noted that family dwellings for military personnel are not treated as a part of Government consumption but as public sector investment.

The durable goods purchased for civil defense, and for military hospitals, schools, airport and roads, etc.

when given for civilian use, are not part of Government consumption but are treated as fixed capital formation.
Payments in kind of wages and salaries of such items of housing, food or clothing as in the case of industries are not treated as being the intermediate consumption of these institutions, but included as part of compensation of employees, and therefore, become part of final consumption of households.
V CONSUMPTION OF FIXED CAPITAL: This is defined as the value at current replacement cost of the reproducible fixed assets except the roads, dams and other forms of construction excluding structures of the producers of government services used up during a period of account as a result of normal wear and tear, foreseen obsolescence and the normal rate of accidental damage, unforeseen obsolescence, major catastrophes and the depletion of natural resources are not taken ~nto account.
VI INDIRECT TAXES: These are defined as compulsory payments to Government which industries treat as part of the cost of production.
They include import and export duties, excise, sales, entertainment and turnover taxes, real estate and land taxes, unless they are merely an administrative device for collecting income tax, levies on value (but not social security added and the employment of contributions), motor vehicle, driving test, licence, airport and passport fees when paid by producers, but are considered to be compUlsory fees, fines and penalties when paid by the Household Sector.
labour VII SUBSIDIES: These are all grants on current account made by Government to private industries and pUblic corporations, and grants made by the public authorities to Government enterprises in compensation for operating losses, when these losses are clearly the consequences of the policy of the Government to main prices at a level below cost of production.
Any Government grants to producers which are not connected with their productive activities but are given to them in the capacity of customers, such as social assistance grants and social security benefits should be treated as current transfers and not as subsidies .

.. 3 VIII GOVERNMENT FINAL CONSUMPTION: This is defined as the gross output of producers of Government services less the value of Government sales and the value of its own-accounts capital formation.
The gross output is equal to the cost of production, that is, the sum of intermediate consumption of goods and services, compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital and direct taxes paid.

, • and services, include fees and charges The Government final consumption expenditure, consists therefore of the purchase of goods and expenditures on compensation of employees less the revenue received from sales.

Sales do not levied by Governments for regulatory purposes.
Examples are payments of driving tests, vehicle licences, driving permits, dog licences, passports, airport fees and fees charged for court services, all of which are defined as fees when paid by households and as indirect taxes when paid by enterprises.

Fines and penalties are also excluded from sales and classified as "fines and penalties" whether paid by households or enterprises.

These items are not to be deducted to arrive at final consumption expenditure.
from gross output that are IX GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION: This consists of additions to the assets of producers of tangible reproducible goods which have an expected lifetime of use of one The producers in question may be industries, year or more.

producers of Government services and producers of private non­ profit services to households.

The capital goods may be purchased or produced on own account.
Sales less purchases of second-hand fixed assets and sales of scrapped fixed assets by producers should be deducted from gross fixed capital formation.

Gross fixed capital formation covers the following items: land, mineral deposits, Acquisitions by producers for civilian use of tangible assets which have an estimated lifetime of use of one year or more, except timber tracts and similar non-reproducible tangible assets.
Relatively inexpensive durable reproducible goods, such as certain types of office equipment, may on practical grounds be excluded.

Government outlays on construction and machinery and durable equipment primarily intended for military use, are classified as intermediate consumption rather than gross fixed capital formation.
Outlays on improvements and alterations of capital goods which significantly extend their expected lifetime of use their productivi ty are increase or considered to be gross fixed capital formation.

sUbstantially (i) (ii) 4 • (iii) ( i v) (v) Outlays on the reclamation and improvement of land, on the development and extension of timber tracts, mines, plantations, orchards, and similar agricultural holdings are included in gross fixed capital formation.
Purchases and breeding of draught animals, breeding stock, dairy cattle and sheep and other animals raised for wool and hair clips should be treated as acquisitions of fixed assets.

Dealers' margins, solicitors' fees, stamp duties and other transfer costs of transactions in land, mineral deposits, timber tracts and similar non-reproducible assets in tangible non-financial assets and in second­ hand assets are covered in gross capital formation.
X INCREASE IN STOCKS: This is equal in principle to the market value at the owning establishment of the physical change during a period of account in supplies, work-in-progress except on stocks of materials, construction projects, finished products, livestock raised for slaughter and merchandise held by resident industries and in stock of strategic materials and emergency stocks of important products held by Government services.
In practice, the closest feasible approximation may be the difference between the levels of these stocks at the beginning and end of the period, both valued at approximate average prices ruling over the period.

XI EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF GOODS AND NON-FACTOR SERVICES: in kind etc.
Military equipment This consists of the transactions of the residents of a given country with the rest of the world, and covers merchandise, transportation, travel, insurance and other non-factor services, such as Government transactions, various fees, rentals, royalties, transferred between gifts Governments may, however, go unrecorded.

Expenditure abroad by residents such as tourists and other persons, seasonal workers, and diplomatic and military personnel stationed abroad are treated as imports.
Similarly, expenditures in the domestic territory by non­ residents are considered exports.

f.o.b., while the valuation of imports is c.i.f.

The valuation of exports is XII GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT FACTOR COST: This is pertains to the value of all goods and services produced in an economy within a time period of usually one year.

It is equal to the sum of compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital and operating surplus.
An over-riding consideration on measuring the value of a country's gross domestic product is that duplication must be avoided.

Duplication is avoided by deducting from the output of each producing unit the value of the inputs of 5 II goods and services which it has received from other units, at home or abroad.

II XIII GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT MARKET PRICES: This is equal to GDP at factor cost plus indirect taxes less subsidies.
XIV GNP AT MARKET PRICES: GNP at market prices is the value of the goods and services produced by the labour and capital supplied by normal residents of a country.

It is derived by adding net factor income from the rest of the world to GDP at market prices.

xv NET FACTOR INCOME FROM THE REST OF THE WORLD: the sum of is defined as This two major components, net compensation of employees, and net property and entrepreneurial income.
Net compensation of employees covers the labour income of residents abroad and non-residents in the country.

Net property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from ownership of foreign financial claims such as interest, dividends, and non­ financial property income such as patents, copyrights, etc.

The entrepreneurial income of foreign investment in a country, i.e.

profits and dividends, could be remitted to foreign countries or left unremitted.
The unremitted position is always treated as reinvested earnings.

XVI LABOUR INCOME AND WORKER'S REMITTANCES: It should be noted that there is a distinction between those individuals whose earnings are to be classified as labour income (persons who are not residents of the economy where they work) and migrants (persons who have become residents of that economy by virtue of being expected to live there for a year or more).

This distinction is often hard to make in practice.
Data for these items are generally obtained from the balance of payments accounts, where migrants' income is classified as workers' remittances under unrequitted transfers.

Often when the distinction cannot be made labour income is aggregated with workers' remittances.

XVII NATIONAL ACCOUNTS AT CONSTANT PRICES: For analytical purposes, the national accounts at constant prices are derived by breaking current values down into a price'component and quantity component.
Estimates at constant prices are usually derived by deflating indices or by extrapolating base year values by appropriate volume indices.

Both are equivalent to expressing current period quanti ties at base period prices.

the values by price 6 XVIII METHODOLOGY OF ESTIMATING GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT: The value added can be estimated by three different approaches, which are generally called the.

production approach, the income approach and the expenditure approach.
The production approach is designed to evaluate the value of output.

intermediate consumption from the value of output.

The production approach is useful for estimation of value added for the commodity producing sectors, viz.

agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and mining.

is estimated by deducting The value The income approach is used to estimate the value added by aggregating compensation of employees, operating surplus and consumption of fixed capital.
This approach is most commonly used in the case of service sectors, since data on gross output and intermediate consumption in the service sectors may not be readily available.

The expenditure approach, is used to estimate the gross domestic product according to categories of final use.
This consists of estimates of expenditure of final consumption of households, consumption expenditure of Government, private non-profit services serving households and gross capital formation adjusted for imports and exports of goods and service.

7 ft AGRICULTURE NOTES ON METHODOLOGY This sector comprises of crops, livestock, forestry and fishing.
CROPS Estimates on production from crops cover output of thirty one different crops of which bananas are the principle crop accounting for about 20% of total agricultural production at farm-gate prices.

Other important agro-industrial crops are coconuts, grapefruits, limes, oranges and bay oil.

local consumption, Value added is estimated by the production approach.

The value of including output consists of exports and subsistence, which vary from crop to crop.
The output of the various crops are estimated in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture.

The farm-gate prices are obtained by adjusting export f.o.b.

and market prices for trade and transport margins.

These prices are checked for consistency with prices paid by Banana Growers Association, and Dominica Coconut Products to the banana and coconut growers, and those paid by Dominica Agricultural Marketing Board for several other crops.
The cost of material inputs consists of imported inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides.

The c.i.f.

value of these imports are adjusted upwards to include duty, consumption tax and trade and transport margins.

Additionally, in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture, local inputs of materials and costs of repairs and maintenance of agricultural machinery and The double tools are estimated at 10% of the value of output.
deflation method is used to obtain the 1977 constant prices.

Production of all agricultural crops are revalued at 1977 prices.

Imported inputs are deflated by an index of potassic fertilizer prices, and local inputs are taken to be 10% of constant price outputs.

LIVESTOCK The value added for livestock is estimated by the production approach.

The livestock Division of the Ministry of Agriculture provides estimates of beef, pork, mutton, poultry, meat, eggs and milk production.
Estimates of meat production are based on slaughter permits and an upward adjustment is made for unrecorded slaughter.

Estimates on poultry an egg production are obtained These are cross-checked for from consistency with the Ministry of the estimates provided by Agriculture.

Material inputs consist mostly of imported livestock feed which amounts to about 25% of the gross value of output.

Local inputs are estimated at 5% of output.

The constant series is obtained by the double deflation method.
the major poultry farms.

8 .. '.

FORESTRY The value of output covers bamboo, wood, firewood and charcoal.

The estimates are obtained in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture Forestry Department.

Material inputs are estimated at The constant price series is 20% of gross value of output.

obtained by the double deflation method.

FISHING fishing, the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries Division For provided estimates of Since December 1983, landed catch.
enumerators from the Ministry are collecting detailed monthly data on catch at major fishing ports.

Data are also obtained from the cooperatives.

For the previous years, output has been estimated on the basis of number of mechanized and non-mechanized boats and average catch per boat.

The Department of Fisheries conducted an ad hoc survey in 1981 and estimated that there were 350 mechanized and 259 non-mechanized boats in fishing and they caught 8,000 lbs and 2,080 lbs of fish per boat respectively.
The retail price of fish is taken as the producers' price since most of the fish is usually sold at the point of landing.

The material inputs consist of expenses'on fuel, bait, nets, repairs and maintenance of boats, etc.

which amounts to 48.7% of the' value of output for mechanized boats and 5.2% for non-mechanized boats.

The constant price estimates are obtained by valuing output at 1977 prices and deducting input in the same proportion as in the current series.
MINING AND QUARRYING This is a relatively small sector and consists of only one private company and the government engaged in quarrying.

The output covers production of gravel, stone, pumice and sand.

Due to the lack of more comprehensive data for this sector, in recent years the value in in Mining has been assumed to be about 10% of the value construction in both current and constant prices.

MANUFACTURING interest, Value added in the Manufacturing sector is estimated by the income approach.
The main source of data is the Inland Revenue Office.

The available income tax returns are analyzed and data on wages and and profits, which rent, depreciation salaries, constitute the value added, are compiled.

The non-response is estimated on the basis of data on wages and salaries available from the Social Security Department.

The contribution of the small scale industries and handicrafts are assumed to be 10% of the total value added.
The constant price estimates are worked out by extrapolating the base year estimate on the basis of quantities of manufacturing output.

9 ELECTRICITY AND WATER • The value added in this sector is estimated by the income approach.

the Dominica The main source of data are Electricity Services and the Water Supply Authority.

The constant price estimates are extrapolated from the base year estimates on the basis of electricity sold and water supply.
the accounts of CONSTRUCTION The value added in construction is estimated by the commodity flow The estimates are essentially based on imports data, approach.

since domestic output of construction material is negligible.

The c. i. f. values of imports of construction material are adjusted downwards for any re-exports and for non-construction purposes; and adjusted upwards for duty, consumption tax, trade and transport margins.
The value of construction materials used as inputs is assumed to be 65% of the gross value of output.

This proportion has been derived on the basis of discussions with the Ministry of Communications and Works and private contractors.

For the constant price estimates, the deflator used is an index of c.i.f.
import prices of construction materials (based on SITC Rev.2 section 6 and 2) • WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE in the trade sector is estimated by income The main source of data are the accounts of trading Value added approach.

establishments available at the Inland Revenue Office.

For non­ response, adjustments are made on the basis of data on employment and remuneration available from the Social Security Department.
The small traders (self-employed) and vendor trade are assumed to be a very small percentage of the total.

The constant price estimates have been obtained by extrapolating the base year estimate by an index of traded goods valued at 1977 prices, covering outputs of Agriculture, Mining and Manufacturing sectors and imports.

the HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS The value added estimates are obtained by the income approach.

The main sources of data are the accounts at the Inland Revenue Office.
To cover small hotels and restaurants the above is adjusted by 5%.

The constant price estimates are derived by extrapolating the base index of the total number of visitor year value added by an arrivals.

TRANSPORT The transport sector comprised of road transport, water transport and air transport.

10 • ROAD TRANSPORT The estimates of value added are obtained on the basis of earnings per vehicle and number of vehicles.
The vehicles covered are hired trucks, buses, taxis, and hired jeeps, and their number is obtained The earnings per vehicle are from the licensing authorities.

obtained on the basis of inquiries from various operators.

The constant price estimates are extrapolated by the number of vehicles in each category.
WATER TRANSPORT The income approach is used to derive value added estimates for water transport, which are obtained from the accounts of port authority, shipping agents and lighter owners, and private shipping companies.

The constant price estimates are derived on the basis of volume of cargo traffic.

AIR TRANSPORT This sector covers LIAT, air travel and airport administration.
The income of travel agents and airport administration have been obtained from their accounts, and 5% of LIAT's operating surplus is being included representing the share of equity capital held by Dominica.

The constant price estimates are based on the index of volume of passenger arrivals.

COMMUNICATIONS The estimates cover the operations of the Post Office and Cable and Wireless.
The accounts of the Post Office which are available from the Government budget are analyzed to obtain compensation of employees and the constant price estimates are based on the volume of postal traffic.

The accounts of Cable and Wireless for Dominica's operation are analyzed to obtain the value added in current prices.

The constant price estimates are based on the number of minutes of overseas calls.

BANKING AND INSURANCE The value added estimates are obtained by the income approach.
The accounts of 5 commercial banks, 22 credit unions and insurance companies re analyzed to obtain the data.

For the banking sub­ sector, the constant price estimates are based on a combined index of cheques cleared-and: employment (50: 50 weights), insurance the deflator used is the Consumer Price Index.

and for­ REAL ESTATE AND DWELLINGS The value added estimates for owner-occupied dwellings are 11 calculated on the basis of number of houses and average rent per house.
One month's rent is subtracted as cost of repairs and maintenance.

The number of dwellings is projected on the basis of 1970 and 1981 population census data on housing and the growth of the population.

The rate of rent per house for the island as a whole is assumed to be half of the low cost housing as most of the houses are of low quality.

The value added at constant prices are derived first with population growth, and then inflated by the total Consumer Price Index to obtain current price estimates.
The constant price value added for 1979 has been adjusted downwards on account of destruction of houses by Hurricane David.

The Roseau Market Authority is engaged in real estate.

The contribution to value added is very small as is based on compensation of employees.

GOVERNMENT SERVICES and salaries, pensions The value added at current prices are obtained from analysis of the data on actual expenditure available from the computer printouts.
The wages and gratuities comprise The operations of the post office, compensation of employees.

airport, broadcasting and construction are excluded and allocated to their appropriate sectors.

The major accounts in the government thus refer to central government, local government and Social Security Administration.

Fiscal year data of central and local governments are adjusted to correspond to the calendar year.
The constant price estimates are obtained by eliminating the effect of wage increase due to cost of living.

OTHER SERVICES This sector covers business, entertainment and personal services, individual such as services of accounting firms, professionals, domestic maids, barbers and beauty salons etc.

Broadcasting and recently Cable TV have also been included.
The data are based on a benchmark estimate compiled for 1977-1978 from the Inland Revenue Office accounts and Social Security data on employment and remuneration.

The constant price series is derived on the basis of population growth, and the current price series obtained by inflating the above with the Consumer Price Index.
legal firms, IMPUTED BANKING SERVICE CHARGES According to the recommendation of the UN SNA, the imputed banking service charges, which consists of the difference between interest earned on loans and interest paid on deposits, have been deducted in a single line, and not allocated to individual from the GOP sectors.

by extrapolating the base year figure with an index of cheques cleared and employment (50:50 weights) as was the case for the Banking Sector.
The constant price estimates are obtained 12 ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DOMINICAN ECONOMY FOR 1991 ECONOMY Grows by 2.1 percent The Dominican economy registered a 2.1 percent real growth rate in 1991 compared to the 6.6 percent growth in 1990.

At the same time, consumer prices rose by 5.9 percent, export earnings fell by an estimated 2.8 percent and import levels were down by 3.3 percent, with tourist expenditures increasing by twenty percent over last year's figures.
Commercial bank lending of new loans slumped substantially by thirty-four percent.

Falling Banana production, a general weakening of the Manufacturing and Construction sectors coupled with the invariable shocks of the worldwide depression all contributed to the abnormally low growth rate (the economy grew by 5.4 percent on average over the past five years).
By far the largest growth was experienced in the Electricity and Water sector (25 percent), whilst the financial sector grew by 6.5 percent and government services by 3 percent.

AGRICULTORE SECTOR Ouring 1991, agriculture's contribution to GDP was 26.6 percent, down from the 26.7 percent in 1990.

This marginal reduction was largely as a result of the falling level of banana production.

In 1990, banana's contribution to overall GOP was 5.5 percent falling to 5.3 percent in 1991.
In a year in which the green wholesale price of bananas increased by 4 percent with a consequent 6 percent increase in the average price per pound, export production was down by two percent.

The livestock, forestry and fishing sectors overall contribution to GOP grew by 3 percent, 2.6 percent and 9.9 percent respectively.

HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS This sector largely reflects activity within the tourism sector and is often used as a proxy for estimating tourism contribution to overall GOP.
Following the phenomenal thirty-eight percent increase in this sector in 1990 over 1989, only a three percent increase was realized in real terms in 1991.

The overall percentage contribution to GOP therefore moved from 1.58 percent in 1990 to 1.59 percent in 1991.

Total visitor arrivals increased by 5 percent, moving from 52,366 visitors in 1990 to 55,211 visitors in 1991.
However, the total number of cruiseship calls increased dramatically from 40 in 1990 with 6,777 passengers to 130 with 64--.256 passengers in 1991.

Tourist exp~Ilditure for tl).Ull!

!1eJ~~iod is estim_at_ed tohaveincr~_~~enty-seven percent.

----_..--­ -- - - - _ " • CONSTRUCTION, MINING AND QUARRYING: Construction activity was down in 1991, with the percentage contribution to GOP moving from 7.5 percent in 1990 to 7.3 percent in 1991.
Individuals requesting permits as well as new construction activity was down marginally over 1990.

At the same time, commercial bank lending to this sector experienced a decline.

Notwithstanding the fall in construction locally,the percentage contribution of the mining and quarrying sector rose from 0.82 in 1990 to 0.96 in 1991.

Some of the aggregates produced locall y found it's way on the export market.
MANUFACTURING: The percentage contribution of the manufacturing sector to real gdp fell from 8.28 percent in 1990 to 7.95 percent in 1991.

Reductions in the production level of Dominica Coconut Products, a key contributor to this sector was largely responsible for this drop.

The current level of manufacturing is still well below the 1989 level, since this sector has not fully recovered from the closing down of one of the large manufacturing estahlishments in 1990.
BANKING AND INSURANCE: This sector l:ontinues to contribute steadily to GOP.

The percentage contribution to real GOP moved from 5.73 percent in 1990 to 5.98 percent in 1991.

The insurance sector continues to expand appreciably within the IOl:al economy.

During 1991, commercial banks ex.periencing liquidity problems drastically cut back on new loans by thirty-four perl:ent, lending only forty million dollars in 1991, compared to sixty-one million in 1990.
Overall, this sector registered the second largest growth rate of 6.5 percent.

GOVERNMENT SERVICES: Traditionally, this sector is the second largest contributor to GOP after the agriculture d-sel:tor.

It's percentage contribution to overall GOP moved from 18.7 in 1990 to 18.9 in 1991.

For the year under review, there was no significant increase in the number of government workers which was retlel:ted in a three percent growth rate.
ELECTRICITY AND WATER: Substantial growth of twelve percent in the amount of electricity generated as well as significant increases in water consumption both contributed to the twenty-five percent growth in this sector.

This moved the percentage contribution to GDP from 2.3 percent to 2.8 percent.

A fifty percent increase in water rates was offset to some extent by a fall ing electricity rate.
14 TABLE 1 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTNITY, AT FACTOR COST IN CURRENT PRICES (EC$ MILLION) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing 2.7B 5.78 6.65 2.B5 6.36 Mining & Quarrying 1.14 0.92 1.17 1.30 1.40 1.33 1.50 1.46 1.38 1.76 2.57 2.91 3.08 3.81 Manufacturing 5.98 5.02 6.93 10.23 13.39 14.12 12.36 14.37 16.8B 18.25 20.99 24.53 26.43 27.43 Electricity & Water 2.51 1.92 3.47 4.88 5.00 5.23 5.92 6.24 6.68 7.39 8.97 10.04 11.18 12.93 Construction 5.34 7.71 18.48 14.56 13.69 12.58 17.17 15.00 11.82 14.42 21.05 24.97 28.16 29.10 Wholesale & Reta,i1 Trade 12.91 8.12 13.16 13.39 13.79 14.12 14.68 21.08 25.80 30.24 33.21 38.59' 41.07 43.94 Irlotels & Restaurants 1.41 1.00 1.22 1.31 1.56 1.86 2.21 2.62 3.05 3.81 4.77 5.00 7.63 8.61 Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport 14.91
7.41 1.62 8.63 1.83 9.79 2.15 9.98 12.80 14.91 2.72 3.44 3.79 Communications 1.35 1.87 1.49 3.14 4.59 7.23 8.88 9.40 10.B5 15.36 19.41 23.37 23.66 24.34 Banks & Insurance 5.08 5.87 8.99 9.22 9.68 11.73 16.70 18.33 19.83 22.06 28.56 34.61 41.65 43.73 Real Estate & Housing 6.52 4.95 7..18 8.05 8.61 9.13 9.41 9.71 10.18 10.99 11.54 12.66 13.51 14.74 Government Services 19.26 31.27 33.74 35.41 37.05 40.63 47.05 50.12 54.36 57.63 59.52 66.98 69.01 72.50 Other Services 1.17 1.21 1.62 1.91 2.18 2.31 2.40 2.49 2.66 2.91 3.08 3.63 3.90 4.2\ Less Imputed Service
 Charge 3.17 4.94 6.76 7.20 7.23 7.38 10.03 9.8710.3612.0515.3921.1128.1129.52 TOTAL 105.93 105.80 143.74 152.91 163.60 180.42 202.69 223.28' 253.27 281.76 324.29 346.17 374.27 397.89 GROWTH RATE 24.86 -0.12 35.86 6.38 6.99 10.28 12.34 10.16 13.43 11.25 15.09 6.75 8.12 6.31 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional] February 1992 • 15 TABLE 2 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT FACTOR COST IN CONSTANT PRICES (EC$ MILLION) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989' 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing Mining & Quarrying 1.06 0.72 0.72 0.74 0.80 0.79 1.00 0.97 0.92 1.12 1.38 1.46 1.49 1.53 Manufacturing 5.85 4.85 6.20 7.30 8.57 8.74 7.87 8.90 9.28 9.83 10.83 11.48 11.82 11.58 Electricity & Water 1.92 1.65 1.67 1.81 1.83 1.98 2.12 2.27 2.40 2.57 2.74 2.92 3.24 4.04 Construction 5.41 6.64 11.90 10.08 8.75 8.26 11.64 10.37 8.75 9.86 12.88 13.59 ,15.82 15.66 Wholesale & Retail Trade 11.58 8.05 11.46 12.08 12.05 11.82 11.98 13.06 14.37 16.00 17.28 18.91 19.67 19.88 Hotels & Restaurants 1.33 0.99
 0.90 0.87 0.96 1.10 1.13 1.09 1.23 1.35 1.56 1.63 2.25 2.31 Transport Road TrtlIIsport S~ Transport Air TrtlIIsport Communications Banks & Insurance 4.65 3.59 0.80 0.26 4.21 3.51 0.49 0.21 4.46 3.60 0.66 0.20 3.74 2.74 0.81 0.19 4.28 3.26 0.81 0.21 5.n 4.66 0.88 0.23 6.06 4.80 1.01 0.25 6.75 5.54 0.97 0.24 7.46 6.09 1.11 0.26 7.89 6.33 1.27 0.29 8.62 6.84 1.44 0.34 I 8.46 6.65, 1.38 0.43 9.19 6.92 1.n 0.50 9.60 7.13 1.95 0.52 1.27 1.28 1.40 1.74 1.96 2.13 2.23 2.47 2.75 3.80 4.18 5.03 5.09 5.24 4.74 5.23
 5.64 5.77 5.80 5.83 5.95 6.25 6.44 6.76 7.34 7.82 8.18 8.71 Real Estate & Housing 5.02 3.81 5.52 5.62 5.71 5.82 5.88 5.94 6.01 6.13 6.31 6.50 6.69 6.82 Government Services 19.26 20.28 21.09 21.93 22.59 22.93 23.39 23.97 24.21 24.82 25.56 25.87 26.7 27.5 Other Services 1.09 0.95 1.09 1.10 1.17 1.19 1.21 1.23 1.27 1.31 1.38 1.44 1.411 1.52 Less Imputed Service Charge 3.29 3.63 3.50 3.58 3.61 3.63 3.78 3.97 4.09 4.29 5.26 6.01 6.96 7.41 TOTAL 95.40 79.19 92.21 98.12 100.45 102.57 108.15 109.98 117.50 125.49 135.43 133.91 142.72 145.65 GROWTH RATE 12.45 -16.99 16.44 6.41 2.37 2.11 5.44 1.69 6.84 6.80 7.92 -1.12 6.58 2.05 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Ollice I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional] February 1992 16 • • • TABLE 3 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN CURRENT PRICES AT PURCHASERS' VALUE (EC$ Million) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 TOTAL CONSUMPTION 120.94 152.82 191.01 197.02 189.54 197.13 232.72 252.67 250.97 292.62 334.03 388.87 381.23 437.53 Private 95.81 112.29 147.47 151.55 141.79 144.86 172.49 192.78 188.90 224.47 259.00 302.16 289.37 341.86 General Government 25.13 40.53 43.54 45.47 47.75 52.27 60.23 59.89 62.07 68.15 75.03 86.71 91.86 95.67 GROSS CAPITAL FORMATION 28.02 42.08 81.16 60.67 60.10 60.57 89.37 75.82 67.51 79.33 120.57 170.67 184.20 197.65 Land Development Transport Equipment Other Equipment Construction Increase in Stocks 0.54 6.40 7.36 1.07 5.97 5.21 1.45 13.01
Stocks GOODS AND NON-FACTOR SERVICES -27.00 -75.30 -112.60 -78.90 -55.10 -41.90 -79.50 -62.31 -15.88 -32.68 -61.36 -136..82 -113.89 -156.35 Exports of Goods Exports of NFS Imports of Goods Imports of NFS 42.89 25.39 26.30
Imports of Goods Imports of NFS GDP AT MARKET PRICES 121.96 119.60 159.57 178.79 194.54 215.80 242.59 266.18 302.60 339.27 393.24 422.72 451.54 478.83 Indirect Taxes Subsidies 16.72 18.90 23.93 30.78 33.14 37.18 42.10 44.56 51.18 59.28 70.80 78.49 78.70 82.89 0.69 5.10 8.10 4.90 2.20 1.80 2.20 1.66 1.85 1.77 1.85 1.94 1.43 1.95 GDP AT FACTOR COST 105.93 105.80 143.74 152.91 163.60 180.42 202.69 223.28 253.27 281.76 324.29 346.17 374.27 397.89 SOURCE: Dbminica Central Statistical Office IOECS/EAS [1991 Data Provisional] • 17 TABLE 4 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTNITY, AT FACTORI COST PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTION OF IN CURRENT PRICES 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing Mining & Quarrying 1.08 0.87
1.54 1.67 0.72 1.80 Mining & Quarrying 1.08 0.87 0.81 0.85 0.86 0.74 0.74 0.65 0.54 0.62 0.79 0.84 0.82 0.96 Manufacturing 5.65 4.74 4.82 6.69 8.18 7.83 6.10 6.44 6.66 6.48 6.47 7.09 7.06 6.89 Electricity & Water 2.37 1.81 2.41 3.19 3.06 2.90 2.92 2.79 2.64 2.62 2.77 2.90 2.99 3.25 Construction 5.04 7.29 12.86 9.52 8.37 6.97 8.47 6.72 4.67 5.12 6.49 7.21 7.52 7.31 Wholesale & Retail Trade 12.19 7.67 9.16 8.76 8.43 7.83 7.24 9.44 10.19 10.73 10.24 11.15 10.97 11.04 Hotels & Restaurants 1.33 0.95 0.85 0.86 0.95 1.03 1.09 1.17 1.20 1.35 1.47 1.44 2.04 2.16
 Transport Road TrlUlsport Sea Transport Air Transport Communications 1.27 1.77 1.04 2.05 2.81 4.01 4.38 4.21 4.28 5.45 5.99 6.75 8.32 6.12 Banks & Insurance 4.80 5.55 6.25 6.03 5.92 6.50 8.24 8.21 7.83 7.83 8.81 10.00 11.13 10.99 Real Estate & Housing 6.16 4.68 5.00 5.26 5.26 5.06 4.64 4.35 4.02 3.90 3.56 3.66 .3.61 3.70 Government Services 18.18 29.56 23.47 23.16 22.65 22.52 23.21 22.45 21.46 20.45 18.35 19.35 '8.44 18.22 Other Services 1.10 1.14 1.13 1.25 1.33 1.28 1.18 1.12 1.05 1.03 0.95 1.05 1.04 1.06 Less Imputed Service Charge 2.99 4.67 4.70 4.71 4.42 4.09 4.95 4.42 4.09 4.28 4.75 6.10 7.51 7.42 TOTAL ....
SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECS/EAS [1991 Data Provisional] 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 18 .
TABLE 5 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTION OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTNITY, AT FACTOR COST IN CONSTANT PRICES 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 19~9 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing .
2.45 2.53 3.08 2.21 2.45 3.30 3.02 2.00 3.57 2.97 1.81 3.40 2.86 1.73 3.28 2.73 1.63 3.17 2.79 1.68 3.13 2.70 1.63 2.19 2.73 1.63 2.36 Mining & Quarrying 1.11 0.91 0.78 0.75 0.80 0.77 0.92 0.88 0.78 0.89 1.02 1.09 1.04 1.05 Manufacturing 6.13 6.12 6.72 7.44 8.53 8.52 7.28 8.09 7.90 7.83 8.00 8.57 8.28 7.95 Electricity & Water 2.01 2.08 1.81 1.84 1.82 1.93 1.96 2.06 2.04 2.05 2.02 2.18 2.27 2.77 Construction 5.67 8.38 12.91 10.27 8.71 8.05 10.76 9.43 7.45 7.86 9.51 10.15 11.08 10.75 Wholesale & R~tail Trade 12.14 10.17 12.43 12.31 12.00 11.52 11.08 11.87 12.23 12.75 12.76 14.12 13.78 13.65 .
Hotels & Restaurants Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport Communications 1.33 1.62 1.52 1.77 1.95 2.08 2.06 2.25 2.34 3.03 3.09 3.76 3.57 3.60 Banks & Insurance 4.97 6.60 6.12 5.88 5.77 5.68 5.50 5.68 5.48 5.39 5.42 5.84 5.73 5.98 Real Estate & Housing 5.26 4.81 5.99 5.73 5.68 5.67 5.44 5.40 5.11 4.88 4.66 4.85 4.69 4.68 Government Services 20.19 25.61 22.87 22.35 22.49 22.36 21.63 21.79 20.60 19.78 18.87 19.32 18.71 18.88 Other Services 1.14 1.20 1.18 1.12 1.16 1.16 1.12 1.12 1.08 1.04 1.00 1.08 1.04 1.04 Less Imputed Service Charge 3.45 4.58 3.80 3.65 3.59 3.54 3.50 3.61 3.48 3.42 3.88 4.49 4.88 5.09 TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECSIEAS .
[1991 Data PrOVisional] TABLE 6 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA RATE OF GROWTH OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AT FACTOR COST IN CURRENT PRICES 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 198~ 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing 29.78 -16.07 26.65 10.06 33.47 -17.04 22.61 5.64 2.68 0.46 5.46 4.39 16.07 26.15 43.90 33.90 16.n 17.07 8.19 6.74 0.69 9.84 22.84 12.60 30.18 8.05 7.02 0.00 20.57 11.76 87.37 12.36 0.00 5.00 -22.86 -32.10 11.86 -43.18 105.33 -3.25 5.03 12.14 37.89 15.08 3.n 7.76 8.06 8.55 8.18 3.63 16.12 -6.62 18.40 -8:13 5.13 3.36 2.96 8.13 8.23 9.76 6.09 4.51 4.84 4.46 6.06 2.52 5.01 -1'.59 -6.62 10.03 Mining & Quarrying 9.62 -19.30 27.17 11.11 7.69 -5.00 12.78 -2.67 -5.48 27.54 46.02 13.23 5.84 23.70 Manufacturing 41.04 -16.05 38.05 47.62 30.89 5.45 -12.46 16.26 17.47 8.12 15.01 16.87 7.75 3.78 Electricity & Water 39.44 -23.51 80.73 40.63 2.46 4.60 13.19 5.41 7.05 10.63 21.38 11.93 11.35 15.65 Construction -1.66 44.38 139.69 -21.21 -5.98 -8.11 36.49 -12.64 -21.20 22.00 45.98 18.62 12.78 3.34 Wholesale & Retail Trade 31.60 -37.10 62.07 1.75 2.99 2.39 3.97 43.60 22.39 17.21 9.82 16.20 6.43 6.99 Hotels & Restaurants 22.61 -29.08 22.00 7.38 19.08 19.23 18.82 18.55 16.41 24.92 25.20 4.82 52.60 12.84 Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport 14.98 22.24 47.54 -8.56 22.84 48.66 17.37 13.04 17.85 12.34 14.05 1.110 18.86 11.83 12.83 15.25 36.32 -13.82 24.24 48.69 23.53 53.57 104.65 -2.65 20.23 50.16 7.13 29.96 17.45 18.80 10.16 13.99 -2.37 12.40 9.13 4.31 17.81
 16.46 13.44 1.94 28.26 16.48 21.74 25.00 -20.00 50.00 21.43 39.22 74.65 18.55 10.20 12.96 17.49 26.51 26.47 10.17 Communications 23.85 38.52 -20.32 110.74 46.18 57.52 22.82 5.86 15.43 41.57 26.37 20.40 1.24 2.87 Banks & Insurance 33.33 15.55 53.15 2.56 4.99 21.18 42.37 9.76 8.18 11.25 29.47 21.18 20.34 4.99 Real Estate & Housing 33.06 -24.08 45.05 12.12 6.96 6.04 3.07 3.19 4.84 7.96 5.00 9.71 6.71 9.10 Government Services 14.23 62.36 7.90 4.95 4.63 9.66 15.80 6.52 8.46 6.02 3.28 12.53 3.03 5.06 " Other Services 8.33 3.42 33.88 17.90 14.14 5.96 3.90 3.75 6.83 9.40 5.84 17.86 7.44 7.95 Less Imputed Service Charge 20.08 55.84 36.84 6.51 0.42 2.07 35.91 -1.60 4.96 16.31 27.72 37.17 1 33.16 5.02 TOTAL 24.86 -0.12 35.86 6.38 6.99 10.28 12.34 10.16 13.43 11.25 15.09 6.75 8.12 6.31 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional] " 20 .
TABLE 7 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA RATE OF GROWTH OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTNITY AT FACTOR COST IN CONSTANT PRICES 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestoc1c Forestry Fishing 11.21 -31.96 -2.07 22.23 13.05 -34.67 -14.77 22.33 0.00 0.00 16.96 22.90 32.92 19.15 0.60 50.30 2.32 3.51 8.41 2.36 2.12 -50.21 178.33 2.40 -8.77 0.84 0.09 8.19 0.00 1.28 5.46 5.98 -2.51 18.97 -7.13 26.61 -4.78 38.91 5.12 1.92 -16.98 -3.18 12.97 10.08 1.78 5.04 5.88 2.87 1.88 3.00 6.03 -14.37 9.31 6.99 -19.11 16.73 3.06 1.84 1.08 1.81 2.94 3.11 4.13 -2.33 -25.30 1.63 0.45 3.12 2.59 9.90 Mining & Quarrying 1.92 -32.08 0.00 2.78 8.11 -1.25 26.58 -3.00 -5.15 21.74 23.21 5.80 2.05 2.68 Manufacturing 37.97 -17.09 27.84 17.74 17.40 1.98 -9.95 13.09 4.27 5.93 10.17 6.00 2.96 -2.03 Electricity & Water 6.67 -14.06 1.21 8.38 1.10 8.20 7.07 7.08 5.73 7.08 6.61 6.57 10.96 24.69 Construction -0.37 22.74 79.22 -15.29 -13.19 -5.60 40.92 -10.91 -15.62 12.69 30.63 5.51 16.41 -1.01 Wholesale & Retail Trade 18.04 -30.48 42.36 5.41 -0.25 -1.91 1.35 9.02 10.03 11.34 8.00 9.43 4.02 1.07 Hotels & Restaurants 15.65 -25.56 -9.09 -3.33 10.34 14.58 2.73 -3.54 12.84 9.76 15.56 4.49 38.04 2.67 Transport ,Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport 7.14 4.66 -9.46 -2.23 5.94 -16.14 14.44 34.81 2.56 -23.89 18.98 42.94 5.03 3.00 11.39 15.42 10.52 9.93 5.76 3.94 9.25 -1.86 8.06 -2.78 8.63 4.06 4.46 3.03 17.65 -38.75 34.69 22.73 0.00 13.04 -19.23 -4.76 -5.00 10.53 8.64 9.52 14.77 -3.96 14.43 14.41 13.39
 -4.17 28.26 10.17 8.70 -4.00 8.33 11.54 17.24 26.47 16.28 4.00 Communications 16.51 0.79 9.37 24.29 12.64 8.67 4.69 10.76 11.34 38.18 10.00 20.33 1.19 2.95 Banks & Insurance 24.41 10.34 7.84 2.30 0.52 0.52 2.06 5.04 3.04 4.97 8.58 6.54 4.60 6.48 Real Estate & Housing 2.45 -24.10 44.88 1.81 1.60 1.93 1.03 1.02 1.18 2.00 2.94 3.01 2.92 1.94 Government Services 14.23 5.30 3.99 3.98 3.01 1.51 2.01 2.48 1.00 2.52 2.98 1.21 3.21 3.00 Other Services 0.93 -12.84 14.74 0.92 6.36 1.71 1.68 1.65 3.25 3.15 3.82 5.88 3.47 2.01 Less Imputed &ervice Charge 24.62 10.33 -3.58 2.29 0.84 0.55 4.13 5.03 3.02 4.89 22.61 14.26 15.81 6.47 TOTAL 12.45 -16.99 16.44 6.41 2.37 2.11 5.44 1.69 6.84 6.80 7.92 -1.12 6.58 2.05 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional) • 21 TABLE 8 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT DEFLATORS BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT FACTOR COST ' I ., 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock.
Forestry Fishing I , Mining & Quarrying 107.55 127.78 162.50 175.68 175.00 168.35 150.00 150.52 150.00 157.14 186.23 199.32 206.71 249.02 Manufacturing 102.22 103.51 111.n 140.14 158.24 161.58 157.05 161.46 181.90 185.66 193.81 213.68 223.60 236.87 , Electricity & Water 130.73 116.36 207.78 269.61 273.22 264.14 279.25 274.89 278.33 287.55 327.37 343.84 345.06 320.05 Construction 98.71 116.11 155.29 144.44 156.46 152.30 147.51 144.65 135.09 146.25 163.43 183.74 178.00 185.82 Wholesale & Retail Trade 111.49 100.87 114.83 110.84 114.44 119.46 122.54 161.41 179.54 189.00 192.19 204.07 208.80 221.03 , Hotels & Restaurants 106.02 101.01 135.56 150.57 162.50 169.09 195.58 240.37 247.97 282.22 305.,?
306.75 339.11 372.73 Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport 107.31 144.89 201.79 220.05 236.21 260.49 291.09 295.41 315.01 334.60 349.30 359.81 393.69 421.46 107.80 127.07 168.89 191.24 199.69 207.73 216.04 219.86 237.60 251.82 265.64 266.n 288.15 305.19.
105.00 263.27 400.00 317.28 381.48 527.27 597.03 648.45 667.57 679.53 679.86 723.19 723.16 764.62 107.69 166.67 140.00 221.05 242.86 308.70 496.00 612.50 623.08 631.03 632.35 632.58 688.00 728.85 Communications 106.30 146.09 106.43 180.46 234.18 339.44 398.21 380.57 394.55 404.21 464.35 464,.61 464.83 464.50 Banks & Insurance 107.17 112.24 159.40 159.79 166.90 201.20 280.67 293.28 307.92 326.33 389.10 442.58 509.17 502.07 Real Estate & Housing 129.88 129.92 130.07 143.24 150.79 156.87 160.03 163.47 169.38 179.28 182.88 194.n 201.94 216.13 Government Services 100.00 154.19 159.98 161.47 164.01 177.19 201.15 209.09 224.54 232.19 232.86 258.91 258.46 263.64 Other Services 107.34 127.37 148.62 173.64 186.32 194.12 198.35 202.44 209.45 222.14 226.47 252.08 261.74 276.97 Less Imputed Service Charge 96.35 136.09 193.14 201.12 200.28 203.31 265.34 248.61 253.30 280.89 292.59 351.25 403.88 398.38 TOTAL 111.04 133.60 155.88 155.84 162.87 175.90 187.42 203.02 215.55 224.53 239.45 258.51 262.24 273.18 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional) 22 • , .
• TABLE 9 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA INDEX OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT FACTOR COST IN CURRENT PRICES 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry FiBhiDg 129.78 108.93 137.98 151.83 155.90 184.42 177.89 195.40 240.03 258.88 300.34 280.48 303.54 318.23 180.54 180.77 235.32 254.29 301.07 278.59 303.59 317: Mining & Quarrying 109.82 88.48 112.50 125.00 134.82 127.88 144.23 140.38 132.69 189.23 247.12 279.81 298.15 388.35 Manufacturing 141.04 118.40 183.44 241.27 315.80 333.02 291.51 338.92 398.11 430.42 495.05 578.54 623.35 846.93 Electricity & Water 139.44 108.67 192.78 271.11 277.78 290.58 328.89 346.67 371.11 410.58 498.33 557.78 821.11 718.33 Construction 98.34 141.99 340.33 288.14 252.12 231.88 318.21 276.24 217.88 265.58 387.68 459.85 518.60 535.91 Wholesale & Retail Trada 131.60 82.77 134.15 136.49 140.57 143.93 149.64 214.88 263.00 308.26 338.53 393.37 418.65 447.91 Hotels & Restaurants 122.81 86.98 108.09 113.91 135.85 181.74 192.17 227.83 265.22 331.30 414.78 434.78 863.48 748.70 Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport Communications 114.98 140.55 207.37 189.83 232.95 348.31
Banks & Insurance 133.33 154.07 235.98 241.99 254.07
 307.87 438.32 481.10 520.47 579.00 749.61 908.40 1093.18 1147.77 Real Estate & Housing 133.06 101.02 146.53 184.29 175.71 186.33 192.04 198.16 207.78 224.29 235.51 258.37 275.71 300.82 Government Services 114.23 185.47 200.12 210.02 219.75 240.98 279.06 297.27 322.42 341.81 353.02 397.27 409.31 430.01 9ther Services 108.33 112.04 150.00 176.85 201.85 213.89 222.22 230.56 246.30 269.44 285.19 336.11 361.11 389.81 Less Imputed Service Charge 120.08 187.12 256.06 272.73 273.86 279.55 379.92 373.86 392.42 456.44 582.95 799.62 1084.77 1118.18 TOTAL 124.86 124.71 169.42 180.23 192.83 212.66 238.91 263.18 298.53 332.11 382.24 408.03 441.15 488.99 SOURCE: Dominica Ce~tral Statistical Office I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional] .. 23 TABLE 10 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA INDEX OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, AT FACTOR COST IN CONSTANT PRICES 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988, 1989 1990 1991 Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing 90.57 74.10 62.94 n.oo 111.21 75.67 92.67 93.45 98.56 96.09 114.31 120.08 127.31 109.02 ' Mining & Quarrying 101.92 69.23 69.23
102.12 Mining & Quarrying 101.92 69.23 69.23 71.15 76.92 75.96 96.15 93.27 88.46 107.69 132.69 140.38 143.27 147.12 Manufacturing 137.97 114.39 146.23 172.17 202.12 206.13 185.61 209.91 218.87 231.84 255.42 270.~5 278.77 273.11 I Electricity & Water 106.67 91.67 92.78 100.56 101.67 110.00 117.78 126.11 133.33 142.78 152.22 162.22 ' 180.00 224.44 , Construction 99.63 122.28 219.15 185.64 161.14 152.12 214.36 190.98 161.14 181.58 237.20 250.28 291.34 288.40 Wholesale & Retail Trade 118.04 82.06 116.82 123.14 122.83 120.49 122.12 133.13 146.48 163.10 176.15
 192.76' 200.51 202.65' Hotels & Restaurants 115.65 86.09 78.26 75.65 83.48 95.65 98.26 94.78 106.96 117.39 135.65 141.74 195.65 200.87' Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport 107.14 97.00 102.76 86.18 104.66 102.33 104.96 79.88 98.62 132.95 139.63 155.53 171.89 181.80 198.El2 194.93 211.75 221.20 95.04 135.86 139.94 161.52 177.55 184.55 199.42 193.88 201.75 207.87 .
117.65 72.06 97.06 119.12 119.12 129.41 148.53 142.65 163.24 186.76 211.76' 202.94· 260.29 286.76 113.04 91.30 86.96 82.61 91.30 100.00 108.70 104.35 113.04 126.09 147.83 186.96 217.39 226.09 Communications 116.51 117.43 128.44 159.63 179.82 195.41 204.59 226.61 252.29 348.62 383.49 461.47 466.97 480.73 Banks & Insurance 124.41 137.27 148.03 151.44 152.23 153.02 156.17 164.04 189.03 177.43 192.65 205.25 214.70 228.81 Real Estate & Housing 102.45 77.76 112.65 114.69 118.63 118.78 120.00 121.22 122.65 125.10 128.78 132.65 136.53 139.18 Government Services 114.23 120.28 125.09 130.07 133.99 136.00 138.73 142.17 143.59 147.21 151.60 153.44 158.36 163.11 , Other Services 100.93 87.96 100.93 101.85 108.33 110.19 112,04 113.89 117.59 121.30 125.93 133.33 137.96 140.74 1 less Imputed Service Charge 124.62 137.50 132.58 135.61 136.74 137.50 143.18 150.38 154.92 162.50 199.24 227.65 263.64 280.68 ' TOTAL 112.45 93.34 108.69 115.65 118.40 120.90 127.48 129.63 138.50 147.91 159.63 157.84 168.22 171.68 SOURCE: Dominica Central Statistical Office I OECSIEAS [1991 Data Provisional] 24 .. TABLE 11 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUcr AND ALLIED AGGREGATES IN CURRENT PRICES (EC$ MILLION) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost 105.93 105.80 143.74 152.91 163.60 180.42 202.69 223.28 253.27 281.76 324.29 346.17 374.27 397.89 Net Indirect Taxes Indirect Taxes Subsidies 16.03 16.72 0.69 13.80 18.90 5.10 15.83 23.93 8.10 25.88 30.78 4.90 30.94 33.14 2.20
Gross Domestic Product at Mark.et Prices 121.96 119.60 159.57 178.79 194.54 215.80 242.59 266.18 302.60 339.27 393.24 422.72 451.54 478.83 Net Factor Income Payments from Abroad -0.54 -0.27 0.81 1.62 0.54 1.08 -2.70 -3.40 -6.10 -6.00 -1.60 4.41 4.87 4.96 Gross National Product at Mark.et Prices 121.42 119.33 160.38 180.41 195.08 216.88 239.89 262.78 296.50 333.27 391.64 427.13 456.41 483.79 SOURCE: Central Statistical Office 25 TABLE 12 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND ALLIED AGGREGATES IN CONSTANT PRICES (EC$ MILLION) 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost 95.40 79.19 92.21 98.12 100.45 102.57 108.15 109.98 117.50 125.49 135.43 133.91 142.72 145.65 Net Indirect Taxes aI Indirect Taxes Subsidies Gross Domestic Product 14.44 15.06 0.62 10.33 14.15 3.82 10.15 15.35 5.20 .
at Market Prices 109.84 89.52 102.36 114.73 119.45 122.69 129.44 131.11 140.38 151.10 164.23 163.52 172.19 175.28 Net Factor Income Payments from Abroad hi -0.50 -0.21 0.48 0.85 0.27 0.52 -1.27 -1.57 -2.73 -2.55 -0.67 1.73 1.52 1.63 Gross National Product at Market Prices 109.34 89.31 102.84 115.58 119.72 123.21 128.17 129.54 137.65 148.55 163.56 165.25 173.71 176.91 aJ Current values deflated by Implicit Deflator of GDP at Factor Cost bl Deflated by the Consumer Price Index SOURCE: Central Statistical Office 26.
• TABLE 13 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA CURRENT ACCOUNT OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE (Thousands of East Caribbean Dollars) 78/79 79/80 80/81 81/82 82/83 83/84 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 Direct Taxes 5,488 8,272 14,756 15,990 16,615 18,839 22.448 25,781 23,691 28,702 27,539 32,328 36,700 Personal Incomo Tax Company InCOI1Je Tax Other Direct Taxes I ' Indirect Taxes 18,242 19,563 28,285 33,267 33,011 41,350 42,841 46,284 56,072 62,489 79,117 79,014 78,395 Import Duties Export Duties Consumption Tax Other Indirect Taxes ' Property Income 66 115 206 380 821 1,009 886 1,353 772 1,152 889 1,315 1,163 Rent ofLand .
Dividends Interest Current Transfers From Households 235 380 340 466 559 736 1,124 1,197 1,801 3,078 3,837 3,728 3,158 Social Sec.
Contribution 0 0 0 0 0 0 458 692 705 875 649 741 1,140 Profit Currency Authority I 518 1,127 1,597 2,585 2,680 3,443 1,959 1,006 1,076 1,958 1,871 1,035 2,201 Profits Gov't Corporation 0 0 0 0 0 350 0 250 0 0 0 0 0 Surplus of Departmental Enterprises (149) 1.004 361 997 690 276 447 (636) (696) (611) (249) (809) (799) Total Recurrent Revenu 24,400 30,461 45,545 53,685 54,376 66,003 70,163 75,927 83,421 97.643 113,653 117,352 121,958 Figures for 1990/91 are revised estimates TABLE 14 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA CURRENT ACCOUNT OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE.
(Thousands of East Caribbean Dollars) .
, 78/79 79/80 80/81 81/82 82/83 83/84 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 Personal Emolumel1ts 15,846 25,595 35,874 37,591 34,927 38,389 41,302 46,117 47,799 51,451 56,370 58,9n 74,539" Pensions & Gratuities 1,900 1,613 2,914 3,350 4,362 4,283 5,008 4,949 5,515 5,814 6,293 6,687 7,450 Miscellaneous Goods & Services 8,062 11,346 9,514 12.358 10,962 14,698 14,698 12,546 15,826 17,251 20,181 23,553 26,004 Less Fees & Sales 482 402 855 899 1,028 1.350 1,682 6,013 6,829 7,073 5,489 2,366 3,638 Government Final Consump.
Expenditure 25,326 38,152 47,447 52,400 49,223 56,020 59.326 57,599 62,311 67,443 n,355 86,851 104,355 Current Transfer To: 2,189 1,975 2,139 5,582 5,707 6,492 6,850 7,n6 7,385 10,487 7,937 8,346 9,861 Households Local Authorities Non Profit Bodies Abroad-Caricom Abroad-Non-Caricom 1,n2 2,206 , 1,484 962 903 2,347 2,618 958 1.021 2,611· 3,288 1,516 1,983 Interest 1,809 2,326 4,711 3,898 4,663 6,284 7,290 7,653 6,845 6,587 7,429 6.834 8,293" Grants and Contribution 3,265 2,197 4,593 734 620 320 443 447 108 455 171 324 419 Subsidy 584 4,368 5,615 959 436 683 765 752 n1 822 1,022 1,343 1,525 Total Expenditure 33,173 49,018 64,505 63,573 60,649 69,799 74,674 74,227 n,420 85,794 97,183 104,596 124,453 Surplus on Current Ace.
(8,n3) (18,557) (18,960) (9,888) (6,273) (3,798) (4,511) 1,700 6,001 11,849 16,47d 12,756 (2,495) Figures for 1990/91 are revised estimates 28 • ',' • TABLE 15 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA CURRENT ACCOUNT OF DEPARTMENTAL ENTERPRISES (Thousands of East Caribbean Dollars) RECEIPTS 78/79 79/80 80/81 81/82 82/83 83/84 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89.

89/90 90/91 Sale of Goods & Service ' 553 2,395 1,683 2,890 2,080 1,585 1,736 948 1,109 1,268 1,51 ~ 1,340 1,327 Misce.
Other Receipls 26 36 103 205 296 439 539 87 57 148 488 214 605 , Total Receipts 579 2,431 1,786 3,095 2,376 2,024 2,275 1,035 1,166 1,416 2,003 1,554 1,932 .

EXPENDITURE Personal Emoluments 390 587 824 815 946 1,287 1,331 1,319 1,438 1,559 1,619 1,756 1,656 Rent Paid 57 298 171 157 155 152 156 151 158 156 222 177 187 • Other Operational Exp.

281 542 430 1,126 585 309 341 201 266 312 411 430 1,061 Surplus on Current Acc.
(149) 1,004 361 997 690 276 447 (636) (696) (611 ) ERR (809) (799) ,Total Expenditure , 728 1,427 1,425 2,098 1,686 1,748 1,828 1,671 1,862 2,027 2,252 2,363 2,904 Npte: The Departmental I Enterprises are: Airport Post Office Fjgures for 1990191' are revised estimates ~9 TABLE 16 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA CAPITAL ACCOUNT OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT (Thousands of East Caribbean Dollars) 78/79 79/80 80/81 81/82 82/83 83/84 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 I, SOURCES OF FU~DS 1.
Surplus on Curro Acc (8,773) (18,557) (18,960) (9,888) (6,273) (3,796) (4,511) 1,700 ERR ERR ERR , ERR 2. iSale of land 42 19 25 38 513 392 415 571 2,283 3,523 6,482 368 300 3.

Loan Receipts 88 1,340 270 7,748 14,709 10,347 6,897 5,416 15,302 9,913 37,767 42,080 4.

Loan Repayments o o o o o 448 796 689 917 942 667 96 358 5.

Development Aid Fu 8,381 8,621 9,937 6,968 7,217 26.074 30,412 39,679 4,752 19,763 6,786 19,799 36,060 6.

BDA Grants 2,486 4,548 319 o o 7.


Other Grants 96 18,188 11,946 6,048 2.487 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o , 0 8.

Borrowing 1,648 (2,973) 10,743 28,800 3,837 5,875 5,735 (4,968) ERR ERR ERR ERR ERR 9.

Finance of Capital Expenditure USES OF FUNDS 3,968 11,186 14,280 39,714 22,490 39,331 43,194 44,568 15,721 48,093 i, 62,435 65,346 70,4311 1.

Purchase of Land 32 41 82 o o o o o o o o o 2. ,Land Development 892 1,254 1,642 5,588 4,795 3,678 2,705 2,919 2,202 6,088 7,709 3,310 6,066 3.
Construction 2,645 6,943 10,681 32,240 13.910 31,238 37,310 38,122 8,924 32,395 41.011 51,829 56,692 Residential Buildings Non-Residential Bull Other 4.

Transport Equipmen 83 339 240 68 28­ 315 32 158 55 23 341 1,872 259 5.
Other Equipment 13 415 135 380 385 414 557 706 648 2,331 1,465 2,484 1,222 6.

Purchase of Financial Assets 7.

Purchase of Building 8.

Sinking Fund and o o o o o o 96 48 834 o o o 7 o 182 276 34 7,260 1,088 1,5<10 o o o 60 o o Repayment of L9ans 303 2,194 1,500 1,342 3,324 2,852 2,583 2,481 3,616 7,222 4,583 4,763 4,70d' 9.
Total Capital Expend 3,968 11,186 14,280 39,714 22,490 39,331 43,194 44,568 15,721 48,b93 62,435 65,346 70,4~ 30 • TABLE 17 COMMONWEALm OF DOMINICA CURRENT ACCOUNT OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, REVENUE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GDP ~978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Direct Taxes 5.18 7.81 10.27 10.46 10.16 10.44 11.08 11.55 9.35 10.19 8.49 9.34 10.60 PerSOIJJl1lIJcome Tax Company lIJeome Tax Other Direct Taxcs 4.06 1.07 0.05 6.50 1.25 0.06 8.18 2.03 0.06 9.03 1.36 0.07 9.05 1.06 0.05 8.86 1.52 .0.06 8.79 2.21 0.08 8.22 3.32 0.01 6.30 3.05 0.00 5.43 3.23 1.53 4.76 2.79 0.94 4.02 4.27 1.05 4.21 3.84 2.56 Indirect Taxes 17.22 18.49 19.68 21.76 20.18 22.92 21.13 20.73 22.14 22.18 24.40 22.83 22.65 Import Dutics Export Dutics 'COllSumptiOll Tax.
Other lIJdirect Taxcs , 3.83 0.34 6.16 , Property Income 0.06 0.11 0.14 0.25 0.50 0.56 0.44 0.60 0.31 0.41 0.27 0.38 0.34 ..
Rent ofLand Dividcnds lIJterest Current Transfers From 0.03 0.03 , Households 0.22 0.36 0.24 0.30 0.34 0.41 0.55 0.54 0.71 1.09 1.18 1.08 0.91 Social Sec.
Contribution 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.31 0.28 0.31 0.20 0.21 0.33 , Profit Currency Authority 0.49 1.07 1.11 1.69 1.64 1.91 0.97 0.45 0.42 0.69 0.58 0.30 0.64 Profits Gov't COrPOration 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Surplus of Departmental Enterprises -0.14 0.95 0.25 0.65 0.42 0.15 0.22 -0.28 -0.27 -0.22 -0.08 -0.23 -0.23 Total Recurrent R~venue .

23.03 28.79 31.69 35.11 33.24 36.58 34.62 34.01 32.94 34.65 35.04 33.90 35.23 .
Figures for 1990 are revised estimates • 31 TABLE 18 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA CURRENT ACCOUNT OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GOP .. 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988.
1989 1990 Personal Emoluments 14.96 24.19 24.96 24.58 21.35 21.28 20.38 20.65 18.87 18.26 17.38 17.04 21.53 Pensions & Gratuities 1.79 1.52 2.03 2.19 2.67 2.37 2.47 2.22 2.18 2.06 1.94 1.93 2.15 Miscellaneous Goods & Services 7.61 10.72 6.62 8.08 6.70 8.15 7.25 5.62 6.25 6.12 6.22 6.80 7.51 Less Fees & Sales 0.46 0.38 0.59 0.59 0.63 0.75 0,83 2.69 2.70 2.51 1.69 0.68 1.05 Gov't Final Consumption Expenditure 23.91 36.06 33.01 34.27 30.09 31.05 29.27 25.80 24.60 23.94 23.85 I 25.09 30.15 Current Transfer To: 2.07 1.87 1.49 3.65 3.49 3.60 3.38 3.48 2.92 3.72 2.45 2.79 0.00 Households Local Authorities Non Profit Making Bodies Abrood-Caricom Abroad-Non-Caricom .
0.2& 0.68 .
0.68· 0.46 0.28 0.26 0.68 0.76 0.44 0.28 0.29 0.75 • 0.95 0.57, Interest 1.71 2.20 3.28 2,55 2.85 3.48 3.60 3.43 2.70 2.34 2.29 1.97 2.40 Grants and Contributions 3.08 2.08 3.20 0.48 0.38 0.18 0.22 0.20 0.04 0.16 0.05 0.09 0.12 Subsidy 0.55 4.13 3,91 0.63 0.27 0.38 0.38 0.34 0.30 0.29 0.32 0.39 0.44 Total Expenditure 31.32 46.33 44.88 41.58 37.07 38.69 36.84 33.24 30.57 30.45 29.97 30.22 35.95 SOURCE: Central Statistical Office 32 .­ TABLE 19 I I COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (In Millions of East Caribbean Dollars) 1986 1987 1988 CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CURRENT ACCOUNT Merchandise: f.o.b I 224.71 212.97 120.35 132.74 11.74 236.40 238.82 -12.39 133.02 158.93 -2.42 285.15 300.48 -25.91 153.98 208.56 ' -15.33 -54.58 Shipment I Insurance and freight Other Other transportation Passenger ServiceS , Port Services Port Charges Stores & Bunkers Other I I 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.62 0.00 3.62 3.60 0.02 0.00 18.06 18.06 0.00 7.10 7.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.10 -18.06 -18.06 0.00 -3.48 -7.00­ 3.52 3.60 0.02 -0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.22 0.00 4.22 4.20 0.02 0.00 21.67 21.67 0.00 8.20 8.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.20 -21.67 -21.67 0.00 -3.98 -8.00 4.02 4.20 0.02 -0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.32 0.00 5.32 5.30 0.02 0.00 28.44 28.44 0.00 9.00 8.80 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.20 -28.44 -28.44 0.00 -3.68 -8.80 5.12 5.30 0.02 -0.20 Travel 27.50 6.30 21.20 28.90 6.50 22.40 38.13 6.00 32.13 Investment Income I , Direct Investment Income Profits and Dividends Retained Earnings , , Interest ResidentOfficiallncl: Inter-off
 ECCB Profits Other PrOfits and Dividends Interest: Government I Interest: Government guaranteed Other interest and dividends Commercial banks Insurance Companies Other I Other Good~, Services and Income Inter-official Other resident official Other foreign offici.al Labour income Property income ' I Misc.
Goods, Services, and Income Life insurance GeneraJlnsurance Crop Insurance ' Communications Management fees ' 3.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.83 1.96 - -7.73 -4.30 -2.60 -1.70 0.00 -2.87 1.96 -0.13 -3.20 -1.50 -0.56 0.40 -0.46 -0.50 -13.00 -3.80 -0.40 1.60 0.90 -0.20 -11.10 -2.50 -5.20 0.00 -0.80 -2.00 5.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.85 2.10 - -5.76 -5.30 -3.10 -2.20 0.00 -1.35 2.10 -0.25 -1.50 -1.70 0.89 2.10 -0.61 -0.60 -4.10 -1.90 -0.40 1.70 0.90 -0.20 -4.20 -3.30 -7.70 0.00 1.00 "':2.50 9.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.73 1.90 - -4.81 -8.20 -2.70 -5.50 0.00 -0.77 1.90 I -0.07 -1.00 -1.60 4.16 4.70 -0.54 0.00 -2.95 -1.00 -0.40 1.80 0.90 -0.27 -3.98 -1.20 -3.90 -0.02 4.40 -3.00 .. 33 TABLE 19 CONT'D Commissions Shipping Airline Insurance Other Other miscellaneous Unrequited transfers Private Migrants transfers Workers remittances Other Official Inter-official Government
 Capital Grants Budgetary grants Technlca/asslstance Contributions: reg.
and inter.
Inter official: Other public sector , Resident Official Foreign Official CAPITAL ACCOUNT Direct Investment Equity Retained earnings Land Purchases Other Portfolio investment Long Term Capital Central Government Government guaranteed Private Short Term Capital Commercial banks Other private Other official ERRORS AND OMISSIONS OVERALL BALANCE FINANCING Change in SDR holdings Change in IMF position Change in government foreign assets Change in ECCB Inputed reserves 34 1986 1987 1988 CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE -2.90 45.20 8.10 0.00 8.10 0.00 37.10 37.10 0.00 36.70 3.80 -3.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.00 7.20 2.90 1.70 0.40 2.20 .... 11.90 3.80 6.10 2.00 -6.10 -7.60 1.50 0.00 -9.34 15.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.40 0.00 1.70 0.80 12.90 -15.40 0.00 -1.70 -0.80 -12.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.90 0.00 1.10 0.00 23.80 3.50 0.40 0.50 2.60 0.00
 4.80 36.60 20.50 0.00 20.50 0.00 16.10 16.10 0.00 17.50 1.90 -3.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.40 26.30 6.70 2.20 0.40 17.00 .... 26.90 9.00 4.90 13.00 -28.80 -30.80 2.00 0.00 2.92 24.90 -24.90 0.00 -1.10 0.00 - o.pO 0.00 ·5.50 3.50 2.00 0.00 22.90 22.90 0.00 0.00 , , 9.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.10 7.00 0.00 6.00 1.00 0.00 I 2.60 ·0.50 0.50 1.70 -0.10 :"'2.86 ·47.00 22.70 0.00 22.70 0.00 24.30 , 24.30 .0.00 27.70 1..00 ,4.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 I .19.10 18.60 11.80 5.50 I 1.30 0.00 .... .
22.70 9.50 -0.40 13.60 1-22.20 -22.90 0.70 0.00 , -5.87 -2.10 I 2.10 0.00 -6.00 -1.00 9.10 ·· , • • TABLE2d 1 I 1 CURRENT ACCOUNT Merchandise: f.o.b Shipment Insurance and freight Other 1 Other transportation Passenger ,Servic~ Port Services Port Char~es Stores & /Junkers Other Travel Investment Income Direct Investment Income Profits and Divid~nds Retained EarninQS , Interest Resident Official inc!.
Inter-olf ECCB Profits Other Profits and Dividends Interest: Governm~nt Interest: Government guaranteed 'I ' Other Interest and dividends Commercial banks Insuranc~ Companies Other Other Goods, Services and Income Inter-olficial Other resident official Other foreign official Labour income Property income Misc.

Goods.
Services, and Income Ufe Insurance I General Insurance Crop Insu'rance Communications Management fees " ' 35 COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (In Millions of East Caribbean Dollars) 1989 1990 1991 CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE 270.86 363.00 125.00 254.94 -92.14 336.09 409.41 -129.94 161.60 280.60 -73.32 333.02 406.67 -119.00 145.18 272.06 -73.65 -126.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.53 0.00 6.53 6.51 0.02 0.00 34.76 34.76 0.00 10.91 10.59 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.32 -34.76 -34.76 0.00 -4.38 -10.59' 6.21 6.51 0.02 -0.32 0.00 0.00 38.20 38.20 7.81 0.00 7.81 6.80 0.03 0.98 9.20 9.10 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.10 -38.20 -38.20 0.00 -1.39 -9.10 7.71 6.80 0.03 0.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.09 0.00 8.09 5.69 0.17 2.23 36.96 36.96 0.00 11.57 11.23 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.34 -36.96 -36.96 0.00 -3.48 -11.23 7.75 5.69 0.17 1.89 41.90 9.64 32.26 56.60 11.90 44.70 67.39 12.49 54.90 7.62 0.00 0.00 ... 1.16 1.00 -0.22 0.38 0.00 6.46 6.45 0.01 0.00 20.03 0.00 0.00 1.85 2.10 ... 16.08 2.23 5.08 0.00 19.78 10.91 7.69 3.22 ... 4.97 0.00 0.00 2.38 2.59 3.90 3.22 0.58 0.10 21.08 1.00 0.80 0.00 1.22 0.27 17.79 6.25 1.89 4.86 2.59 -12.16 - 10.91 -7.69 -3.22 ... -3.81 1.00 -0.22 -2.00 -2.59 2.56 3.23 -0.57 -0.10 -1.05 -1.00 -0.80 1.85 0.88 -0.27 -1.71 -6.25 0.00 0.34 0.22 -2.59 9.61 0.30 0.30 0.00 0.00 1.80 2.20 - 0.00
1.00 0.90 0.00 0.40 0.27 35.28 2.80 16.90 0.00 6.90 2.20 -13.95 -14.16 -5.63 -8.53 0.00 -4.10 2.20 -0.40 -5.10 -0.80 4.31 3.40 -0.39 1.30 -2.12 -1.00 -0.90 1.10 0.80 -0.27 -1.85 -2.00 -3.10 0.00 5.20 - -21.41 -17.03 -7.12 -9.91 0.00 -2.64 2.37 0.15 -2.26 -2.90 -1.74 -0.38 ' -1.36 0.00 !
3.92 -0.31 -1.82 2.00 0.55 -0.22 3.72 -2.85 -6.54 0.00 8.07 -2.69 1989 1990 1991 CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEBIT BALANCE CREDIT DEliJlT BA~NCE TABLE 20 CONT'D Commissions Shipping Airline Insurance Other Other miscellaneous Unrequited transfers Private Migrants transfers Workers remittances Other Official Inter-official Government Capital Grants Budgetary grants Technical assistance Contributions: reg.

and inter.
Inter official: ,Other public sector Resident Official Foreign Official CAPITAL ACCOUNT Direct Investment Equity Retained earnings Land Purchases Other Portfolio investment Long Term Capital Central Government Government guaranteed Private Short Term Capital Commercial banks Other private Other official , ERRORS AND OMISSIONS OVERALL BALANCE FINANCING Change in SDR holdings Change In IMF position Change In government foreign assets Change in ECCB Inputed reserves 36 4.07 0.53 0.70 2.84 0.00 4.70 69.78 35.71 0.71 33.29 1.71 34.07 25.70 0.00 24.70 1.00 0.00 3.80 0.00 4.57 101.70 21.82 18.10 3.22 0.50 ... ... ... ... 9.53 7.45 2.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.60 0.00 6.10 1.50 0.00 4.07 0.53 0.70 2.84 0.00 2.50 57.89 31.60 0.60 29.29 1.71 26.29 22.20 0.00 24.70 1.00 -3.50 3.80 - ... 0.00 ... .... 47.56 50.10 7.82 31.80 15.13 4.00 24~ .... 11.10 10.20 0.80 0.10 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.20 5.40 0.90 1.00 3.50 0.00 -5.15 56.64 34.40 7.30 25.30 1.80 22.24 16.70 0.00 19.80 1.00
 -4.10 0.00 -0.06 5.60 90.03 22.03 13.00 8.53 0.50 0.00 ... , 39.00 21.60 3.20 14.20 29.00 29.10 0.10 -0.20 - O~OO , 0.00 5.20 5.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.12 , 0.00 0,08 0.00 , 78.99 ' 11.12 28.77 0.00 14.02 0.00 9.91 1.00 3.84 O~OO 0.00 0.00 40.85 16.55 11.97 12.33 9.37 8.25 1.12 0.00 9.71 5:41 ,3.10 1.20 1.41 0.00 0.00 1.41 6.29 '1.02 0.90 3.22 1.15 1.44
 56.26 ' 33.43 33.43 0.00 0.00 22.83 21.04 ,25.85 0.00 0.31 -5.12 0.00 -0.06 , 1.85 , 67.87 28.77 14.02 9.91 1.00 3.84 .... 31.14 11.14 8.87 11.13 7.96 ' 8.25 1.12 -1.41 , , , 0.05 12.14 0.00 0.05 0.00 2.43 0.00 9:71 17.88 12.09 I -12.09 '0.00 -2.43 0.05 -9.71 .. -0.53 2.00 -2.00 0.00 -6.10 -1.50 5.60 12.90 0.00 0.00 12.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.50 2.50 6.90 -12.90 0.00 -3.50 -2.50 -6.90 • TABLE 21 CURRENfPRICES GDP at Factor Cost GDP at Market Prices GNP at Market Prices Per Capita GOP at Factor Cost Per Capita GOP at Market Prices Per Capita GNP at Market Prices CONSTANT PRICES GDP at Factor Cost GDP at Market Prices GNP at Market Prices Per Capita GOP at Factor Cost Per Capita GOP at Market Prices Per Capita GNP at Market Prices Mid Year Population \b Value of Exports (FOB) Value of Imports (CIF) Construction Imports Consumer Price Index (July 1984=1(0) Implicit Deflator ofGDP (1977=100) Government Recurrent Revenue \a Government Recurrent Expenditure \a Total Visitor Arrivals Total Passenger-Arrivals Electricity Generated Banana Production CommercW Bank Loans (Outstanding) .. • ~ • COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA SELECTED ECONOMIC INDICATORS UNIT 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 EC$M EC$M EC$M EC$ EC$ EC$ 216.88
EC$M EC$M EC$ EC$ EC$ '000 EC$M EC$M EC$M INDEX INDEX EC$M EC$M NO.
EC$M n.a 130.9 111.04 133.60 155.88 155.84 162.87 175.90 187.42 203.02 215.55 224.53 239.45 258.51 262.24 273.18 24.40 33.17 27,944 20,305 17,4()5 17,438 20,406 22,350 23,826 21,962 24,856 28,154 _36,534 39,336 52,366 55,211 65184 84240 86,960 42193 30971 42574 12,614 15,723 18,225 20,216 21,894 23,413 26,550 29,795 32,534 36,936 41,355 31,122 33,99?
36,177 29,605 55,000 67,725 76,872 58,259 66,706 ~,306 290.5 97.64 113.65 117.35 121.96 97.18 104.60 124.45 85.79 31430 '000 KWH 17,353 12,131 TONNES 46,720 21,420 13,284 30,971 80.6 54.38 60.65 31422 - 6,701 83.42 77.42 21.6 105.9 46.3 123.6 53.69 63.57 75.93 74.23 25.5 111.5 30.46 49.02 .109.8 - 143.4­ 45.54 64.51 36.7 113.6 26.4 100.7 70.16 74.67 20.9 94.6 20.3 98.6 n.a n.a 33086 37954 47125 39215 71.44 115.7 118.6 40971 109.4 69.80 120.6 EC$M 250.7 57727­ 66.00 190.1 83.6 96.2 49.8 68.4 NO.
... ... \a These figures relate to the fiscal years beginning 1977\78 \b Estimated Mid-year Population • •