Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1697798283742.pdf (Dominica)
II .. '".. • CONTENTS Preface Introduction United Nations MDG Indicators and Targets Current Assessment of Targets MDG 2006 National Report Data Gaps and Data Quality Description and General Background Population and Family Analysis and Recommendations Indicators Poverty Analysis and Recommendations Indicators Education Analysis and Recommendations Indicators Health Analysis and Recommendations Indicators Environment Indicators Global Partnership Economy Analysis and Recommendations Employment/Labor Force Analysis and Recommendations Indicators ~' Decision Making Indicators i-ii 111 - VI .. .... Vll - Vlll IX - X Xl - XIV 1 - 2 3-4 5 - 26 27 - 28 29 - 33 34 - 36 37 - 50 51 - 53 54 - 92 93 - 116 117 - 120 120 - 122 123 - 157 158 - 167 " Crime Indicators Analysis of Selected Indicators from a Gender Perspective Appendix I National Monitoring Mechanisms 168 - 173 174-179 • •.. " PREFACE The Social Indicators and Millennium Development Goal is the joint presentation of United Nations(UN) and Caribbean Community Secretariat (CARICOM) Indicators on Population and Family, Poverty, Education, Health, Environment, Economy, Employment, Labor Force, Information and Communications, Decision-making, and Crime.
This is the first national report of the MDG.

The data mainly covers the periods 1998 to 2003 and includes the census periods 1991 and 2001, and other Household Surveys from 1997.

A brief analysis precedes each set of indicators.

Recommendations are presented based on data trends and appropriate and relevant targets, since Dominica has long achieved some of the MDG recommended targets.

The MDGs Goals and Targets are integrated into the country's medium term Growth and Social Protection Strategy (GSPS).
The GSPS has at its core, the attainment of sustainable economic growth with one of its main focus, the reduction of poverty.

These core objectives are based on the premise that growth (especially with a poverty alleviation focus) is needed if poverty is to be reduced on a sustainable basis.

The GSPS therefore, at its core, speaks to the first goal of the MDGs - that of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger - and contains within its priority actions, the means to meeting the targets.
The will to attain the goals and targets of the MDGs is also expressed in specific direct actions: the preparation and implementation of the strategic plan for HIV/AIDS 2003 2007 and setting up the National HIV/AIDS Unit; a fully functional Environment Coordinating Unit (ECU) which serves as the coordinating, facilitating, administering and collaborating body for and sustainable development management programmes, projects and activities.
These activities were possible, consequent to the assistance received from regional and international partners.

environmental all This first report is an attempt at capturing where Dominica has reached and actions needed in terms of the attainment of the MDG Goals and Targets.

July 2006 <II • 1/ Dominica Social Indicators Millennium Development Goals (SIMDG) Introduction In September 2000 world leaders adopted the Millennium Declaration of the United Nations Headquarters in New York.
The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for improving human conditions by 2015 are derived from the Millennium Declaration.

The MDG broadly embraces eight goals and eighteen targets.

The MDGs are universal human development parameters applied to all countries with membership in the United Nations.

The goals apply to every country irrespective oftheir level of development.
On May 30, 2003 an MDG National Committee comprising nine Government departments, representatives of the private sector, three international institutions and one statutory organization was established for Dominica.

One ofthe main objective ofthe committee is to complete the indicators (data) set for the MOO program and to document definitions and methodologies.

The formation of this Committee was initiated by the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat, Guyana with support from the United Nations (UN).
Social Indicators and Millennium Development Goals (SIMDG) The SIMDG is the joint presentation of UN and CARICOM Indicators on Population and Family, Poverty, Education, Health, Environment, Economy, Employment, Labor Force, Information and Communications, Decision-making, and Crime.

These indicators have been completed on available information.

In cases where data is unavailable, departments/institutions were advised to begin collecting data by the prescribed format from the end of2002.
Formation of Core Monitoring Committee A National Core Monitoring Committee was formally established on May 20,2005.

A nine member committee derived from the wider National Committee form a core technical working group to monitor, analyse and make recommendations on the MDG Indicators.

Analysis and recommendation are performed and approved by respective ministries and departments in collaboration with the Core Committee.
Following analysis and recommendation government officials, policy makers and other stake holders are informed ofthe existing trends and recommendations on the relative MDG Indicators.

Institutional Support The Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Finance and Planning functions as the Central Secretariat for the MDG and reviews (and compiles some indicators)completed MDG indicators.

The information is disseminated to the National and Core Committee for discussion or review.
Sustainability In addition to the completion of the indicators by respective departments, four officers of the Central Statistical Office are knowledgeable of the programme while two are directly involved in monitoring and ensuring the completion of these indicators at the end of the stipulated period.

The office of the Prime Minister has pledged full support for and involvement in the MDG Program.

A cabinet paper was presented for the MDG program.


Data Validation Review and consistency checks on all datasets are performed (in the Central Statistical Office) and compared with published data or current information to ensure consistency and reliability.

Where inconsistencies occur data is checked, revised or corrected from source.

It is worth noting that compiling the MDG facilitates and supports the process of data reliability and accuracy in other related data sets.
Time ScbeduledlRelease Dates The MDG's will be updated yearly with emphasis on accurate reporting and the completion of data gaps.

The annual MDG updates will be released on the 30th April at 12:00 noon of each year.

Dissemination Following consistency checks the data is disseminated to national, regional and international organizations, interested parties and other users via electronic mail, compact disc, or hard copy.
Linkages to National Priority Programmes MDG recommendations will be viewed vis-a-vis the annual national budget process and the Growth and Social Protection Strategy Program.

Provision for integration of recommended programmes will be addressed in annual national budget.
11 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Goals and Targets from the Millennium Declaration Indicators for monitoring program Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 20 IS, the proportion of of people whose income is less than one dollar a day Target 2: Halve, between 1990 and 201S, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Target 3: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling I l. Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day 2.
Poverty gap ratio (incidence x depth of poverty) 3.

Share of poorest quintile in national consumption 4.

Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age 5.

Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 6.

Net enrolment ratio in primary education 7a.

Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5 7b.

Primary completion rate 8.


Literacy rate of 15-24 year olds Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels education no later than 2015.

9.a.

Ratio of girls to boys in primary education 9.b.

Ratio of girls to boys in secondary education 9c.

Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education 10.

Ratio of literate women to men, 15-24 years old 11.
Share of women in wage employment in the non- agricultural sector 12.

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Target 5: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate.

13.

Under-five mortality rate Infant mortality rate 14.

15.
Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measles • • • • Goal 5: Improve maternal health Target 6: Reduce by three-quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio Goal 6: Combat HlV/ AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Target 7: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS Target 8: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases Goal 7: Ensure environmental su stainability Target 9: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources Target 10: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation 16.
Maternal mortality ratio 17.

Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel .. 18.

HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-24 years 19.

Condom use rate of the contraceptive prevalence rate (a) 19.a.

Condom use at last high-risk sex 19.b.

Percentage of population aged 15·24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS(b) 19.c.

Contraceptive prevalence rate 20.

Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years 21.a.
Malaria prevalence, notified cases per 100,000 Population 21b.

Malaria death rate per 100,000, ages 0-4 22a.

Proportion of population in malaria-risk areas using effective malaria prevention measures( c) 22b.

Proportion of population in malaria-risk areas using effective malaria treatment measures.

23.a.

23b.

23c.

24a.

24.b.

Tuberculosis incidence rates.

Tuberculosis prevalence rate per 100,000 population Death rate associated with tuberculosis per 100,000 population.
Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS (internationally recommended TB control Strategy) Proportion of tuberculosis cases successfully treated under DOTS (internationally recommended TB control strategy) 25.

Proportion of land area covered by forest 26.

Ratio of area protected to maintain biological diversity to surface area 27.

Energy use per 51 GOP (PPP) 28b.

Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs (ODP tons) 29.

Proportion of population using solid fuels 30.a.


Proportion of population with sustainable access to an Improved water source, urban 30.b Proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved water source, rural 31.a.

Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation, urban 31.b.

Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation rural IV ,.

• • 32.
Proportion of households with access to secure tenure Target 11: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 In the million slum dwellers Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development Target 12: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system Some of the indicators listed below are monitored separately for the least developed countries (LDCs), Africa, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States.
Official development assistance (ODA) Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction - both nationally and Internationally Target 13: Address the special needs of the least developed countries Includes: tariff and quota free access for the least developed countries' exports; enhanced programme of debt relief for heavily Indebted poor countries (HIPC) and cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction 33.a.
ODA, net, as a percentage of OECDjDAC donors' GNI 33.b.

ODA to LDCss, net, as a percentage of OECDjDAC donors' gross national income.

34.

Proportion of total ODA to basic social services 35.

Proportion of bilateral official development assistance of OECDjDAC donors that is united 36.

ODA received In landlocked developing countries as a proportion of their gross national Incomes 37.
ODA received in small island developing States as a proportion of their gross national incomes Target 14: Address the special needs of landlocked developing Countries and small Island developing States (through the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Development States and the outcome of the twenty second special session of the General Assembly) Table 15: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and International measures in order to make debt sustainable In the long term Market access 38.
Proportion of total developed imports (by value and excluding arms) from developing countries and least developed countries, admitted free of duty 39.

Average tariffs imposed by developed countries on agricultural products and textiles and clothing from developing countries 40.

Agricultural support estimate of OECD as a percentage of their gross domestic product 41.

Proportion of ODA prOVided to help build trade capacity Debt sustalnabllity 42.
Total number of countries that have reached their HIPC decision points and number that have reached their HIPC completion points (cumulative) 43.

Debt relief committed under HIPC initiative 44.
Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services v • , In cooperation with Target 16: developing countries, develop and implement strategies for decent and productive work for youth In cooperation with Target 17: pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries Table 18: In cooperation with the Private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications 45.
Unemployment rate of young people aged 15-24 years, each sex and total 46.

Proportion of population with access to affordable essential drugs on a sustainable basis 47.a.. 47.b.

48a.

48.b.
Telephone lines per 100 population Cellular subscribers per 100 population Personal computers in use per 100 population Internet users per 100 population Adapted from Assessment of countries capacity on the basis of country level data stored in the UNSD database Indicator Legend VI Current Assessment of Targets Goal 1 Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger Assessment Target 1: Current Poverty Level is 39% (headcount as defined by the national poverty line based on the expenditure approach and not by the $1 day concept) and is expected to be reduced to 15% by 2015.
Target 2: Although data is not available for proportion of people who suffer from hunger, the percentage may be negligible (from general perception) for this group of persons.

However to ensure the non-occurrence of this incidence, it is proposed that a module indicating availability of basic meals and other related indicators is attached to continuous surveys.

Goal 2: Achieve Univenal Primary Education • Target 3: Dominica has already achieved universal primary and secondary education.
The latter became effective September 2005.

However, quality of education is continuously assessed through the Primary School Assessment for Grades 2 & 4.

The Secondary School Assessment is being examined.

Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Target 4: Already Achieved Both gender, boys and girls alike have equal access to all levels of education.

Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Target 5: The under five mortality rate is 3.75 per 1000 live births (2003).
The lowest recorded over the last six years 2.36 (2002) can be achieved or even further reduced.

Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health Target 6: Achieved 0.00.

The Maternal Mortality Rate is 0.00 (2003) Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Target 7: The cumulative incidence ofillV has increased by 42.4% over the 1998 -2002 period with AIDS cases following a similar trend, increasing by 26.1 %.

The occurrence of AIDS records a higher percentage among men 74.8% in 1998 Vll and 72.7% in 2002.
However this reveals that although males account for the highest occurrence, the proportion of female living with AIDS has increased.

The Ministry of Health, AIDS Unit is fervently providing care and treatment to people living with mv and AIDS (plwha).

In addition the Ministry is developing a monitoring and evaluation plan.

A referral system and contact tracing have already been established.
With the increase in prevention education and following the UNGASS and Global Fund Indicators, the Ministry of Health hopes to realize a decrease in the number of new cases overtime.

Target 8: Achieved Dominica has virtually eradicated the incidence of malaria 0.00 (2003) and Tuberculosis 0.4 (2003) percentage of all deaths.
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Target 9: Dominica is working towards the process of integrating the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources.

Target 10: Dominica reduced the level of households without sustainable access to safe drinking water from 7.9% (1991) to 4.5% (2001) and is targeting sustainable access to safe drinking water for all by 2010.
Dominica has reduced the level of households without sustainable access to basic sanitation from 25.5% (1991) to 16.00/0 (2001) and is targeting sustainable access to basic sanitation for all by 2015.

Target 11: Slum dwellers are non-existent.

However, the percentage of squatting (tenn commonly referred to households occupying state or abandoned lands) has slightly increased from 0.4 percent (1991) to 0.6 percent (2001).

Governments' policy is "to give focus to the issue of housing .
to work towards enhanced access to adequate shelter for all segments of our population years".

(Government's Budget Address 2005/2006) making for a total of250 units over the next five Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for Development Targets 12-18:These targets are being examined by the respective agencies and progress will be reported and assessed by end 2006.

Dominica is keeping apace with technology and communication.

A massive increase in the use of internet and cellular phones began in 2002 .
In 2004 the number of cellular subscribers reached 67 per 100 population, recording a 240.68 percent increase in subscribers over the last year, 2003.

Vlll .. .. • .. MDG 2006 National Report This is the first national report of the MDG.

The report presents Indicators on Population and Family, Poverty, Education, Health, Environment, Economy, EmploymentlLabor Force, Information and Communication, Decision-Making and Crime.

The data mainly covers the period 1991, 1997 and 1998 to 2003.
Definitions and Methodologies Definitions and methodologies are referred to in table footnotes.

Localizing the Millennium Development Goals Following the recommended targets of the MDG and the measurement of achievements, an additional component is adopted in presenting indicators that are most relevant in the context of national socio-economic development - localizing.
Localizing the MDG not only involves the popularization of the Goals at all levels of the society but the process of adapting the targets to local realities with an assessment of the data's relevance to the In Dominica for example, target 3 of Goal 2 has been achieved.

The country's situation.

country has therefore directed greater attention to the quality of education at that level.
stakeholders In Dominica, most of the national form part of the Millennium Development Goals (MOGs) Core Monitoring Committee.

Those who do not form part of the monitoring mechanisms are invited for and in constant dialogue with the MDGs Monitoring Committee.

Localizing the indicators also follows a similar process.
The continuation of the process of localizing the MDGs Framework took a major step forward with a national one-day Consultation in December 2005 where the MDGs indicators and targets were presented.

The localized indicators were presented as follows: Indicator: Population and Family Poverty: Education: Health: Localize -Fertility Rates and Age Specific Fertility Rates -Population Percentage Change and Intercensal Annual Rate of Change.
Per Capita Household Expenditure by Quintile Number of Government Scholarships by Course of Study and Sex.

-Population by Births, Deaths and Net Migration -Mean Population and Vital Rates Environmental Sustainability: Household by Type of Tenure (includes households occupying state or abandoned lands).

The other major stage in the localizing process has been the formal launch of the Local Monitoring Framework and the execution ofthe comprehensive publicity and other IX activities plan for the year.
The plan of activities will be reviewed annually with close linkage to the adoption of recommendations.

Analysis and Recommendation A brief analysis based on selected indicators precedes each set of indicator.

Recommendations are presented based on data trends and appropriate and relevant targets, since Dominica has long achieved some of the MDG recommended targets.

Monitoring and Evaluation of Recommendations: The adoption of recommendations and programmes will be continuously monitored and evaluated.
Continuous discussions (with policy makers and other stakeholders) on the achievement and the realization ofthe recommended targets will form an integral part of monitoring and evaluation.

x .. .. • • .. DATA GAPS AND DATA QUALITY Poverty Dominica has made substantial progress in data collection in its national database over the last decade.

This increase in data and data collection awareness has been further enhanced by qualitative analysis.
This is evident in the presentation of indicators more importantly those complementing the socio-economic status of Dominica, the Carciom Core Social Indicators and the Millennium Development Goals (MDG).

Within this broad data set are sub-set presentations.

The 2002 Country Poverty Assessment presents data on general Living Conditions recording poverty head count with age, gender and geographic distribution; health, employment, education, access to services and ownership of assets among others.
The survey used a basic poverty line derived from a minimum food basket with an amount allocated to Non-food expenditure.

The poverty line was estimated at $3,400 per adult per annum and the indigent line estimated at $2,010 per annum.

The poverty rate was 39% among the population and 290./0 at the household level.

The indigent population was 15% with approximately 11% at the household level.
The report further presents a qualitative summary on Poverty derived from a participatory assessment related by the "not so economically fortunate."

Poverty indicators that can influence effective national social and economic planning are readily available from data on Living Conditions.

However the poverty indicators from the MDG are derived from existing data sources, Health Administration in particular.
Data is collected only on one indicator (underweight for under five(s)) but not disaggregated by gender.

Data on the other indicator (stunted) are non-existent.

Furthennore time series for monitoring trends are not available.

The data for the poverty rate and poverty gap ratio is only available for the year 2002.

Data on the one dollar a day indicator is not applicable since the Region has already achieved this goal.
Recommendations for Solving Data Gaps on Poverty At least three Living Conditions Surveys must be conducted before 2015 to monitor the reduction in poverty levels.

A health administrative role must be activated to record and disaggregate data by gender for stunted and underweight children on a quarterly basis by the end of2006.

Population censuses have been conducted every ten years, the last, 2001.

Census is the most reliable source of information on a people.
The census gathered information on population demographic, education, health, ethnicity, income, economic activity, household composition, sanitation and basic facilities, equipment, household tenure etc.

Data is available at The MDG indicators on Population and Family include contraceptive use by age-group.

However since such data is not collected during a census, this gap will be addressed in the Health Section.

the national and community level.


Education An extensive data system on key international indicators on Education are recorded and published yearly.

All of the data for the MDG and Caricom Core Social Indicators on Xl Education are collected except on "Drop out Rate by Reason".

Data on students granted government scholarship by field of study and sex is not systematically collected.
Although educational attainment, enrollment and completion are addressed in Population Censuses and Labor Force Surveys detailed information on Literacy is not available and presently no recent data exists.

Recommendation for solving data gaps on Education Conducting a Literacy Survey is critical to solving the existing gap.

A Literacy Survey must be conducted immediately.

From an administrative role, data "on drop outs by reason" should be tabulated beginning the 2006/2007 academic year.
Data on students granted government scholarship disaggregated by field of study and gender should be the role of the Government Training Department, Ministry of Education.

Health Key vital events, rates and immunization are continuously collected on an annual basis.

The primary source of data is Health Administrative records.

Rates on infant mortality, maternal mortality, crude birth, crude death, etc, are readily monitored as information is collected.
Data on disabilities is collected through the Population Census and other continuous surveys as the Labour Force and Living Conditions.

However data on IDV/AIDS is restricted to general totals.

Mortality from IDV/AIDS (related causes) by age can be extracted from the cause of death records of the health administrative unit.

Data on occupation for the same indicator· mortality from mY/AIDS by age group is not collected.
In addition, no data exists on population 15 years and over with knowledge of mY/AIDS by age and education.

Total female contraceptive use by method are collected and reported in the Health Indicators of the MDG and Caricom Core Social Indicators.

However data is not collected for contraceptive use by age-group as presented in the MDG.
Recommendations for Solving Data Gaps on Health It would be necessary to coordinate efforts of the my / AIDS Coordinating Unit to review the information collected and explore the possibility of extracting information for In the absence of Indicators required in the MDG and Caricom Core Social Indicators.

expected results from this possibility, at least three continuous mY/AIDS survey, must be conducted before 2015, to complete these data gaps.
Environmental Indicators The Environmental indicators have been presented in reports such as the Population and Housing Census, Environmental Statistics Report of the Central Statistical Office the Caricom Environmental (initially supported by the UN/CARICOM Program), Indicators and the analytical presentation of the Initial Communication of Dominica .. xii supported by the Global Environment Facility through the United Nations Development Programme, (November 2001).
However data for indicators on natural disasters, type of disaster; total casualties, total population affected, and damage is not collected and difficulties are encountered in finding such records.

Information on Tourism is completed except for data gap for land area occupied by hotels.

Recommendations for Solving Data Gaps for Environmental Indicators.

Given the vulnerability of the region to natural disasters, it is imperative that data is collected on disasters.
Data collection and official information will assist in effective "pre" and "post" disaster planning as obtaining such data will increase efficiency in allocating resources.

Estimates on disasters and its effects are usually inadequate in terms of accurate coverage and damage value of affected areas and population.
Hence it is pertinent that disaster preparedness agencies urgently begin the systematic collection of data registering disasters by time of occurrence, type of disaster, magnitude of disaster, number of casualties and injuries at the census enumeration district level, number of persons and households affected, value of damage to infrastructure, households, and the environment, value of damage to agriculture by main crops (on the district level), number of hours of work loss by private and public sector, number of job lost by private and public sector, number of business establishment closed, (post disaster), number of public institutions closed, (post-disaster), value of revenue loss, by private and public sector.
Global Partnership in Development Economy, EmploymelltlLabor Force Data on Economy, EmploymentlLabor Force is produced in keeping with the international key labor market indicators.

All indicators on Economy are completed with necessary footnotes.

General Data Gaps and Recommendations The recent trend in data presentation is its desegregation by urban and rural category.
Although Dominica has made progress in its urban/rural classification, indicators have not been presented by this category since the urban/rural definition was not introduced until April 2005.

The task of data reclassification is possible.

However it demands time It is recommended that the classification of areas in the urban, semi and other resources.

urban and rural categories is circulated to relevant data sources in order to produce data by these classifications beginning the end of2006.
Data Consistency/ReliabilityIAccuracy The MDG and Caricom Core Social Indicators are important tools for measuring data consistency.

The MOG indicators for example are "interlinked" and so data sets must be consistent.

Following consistency checks the indicators are validated against published reports (in some cases).

X1l1 Where discrepancies exist, verification is performed and amendments made.
Such thorough review results in data accuracy, consistency and reliability thus enabling policy makers to fonnulate and implement effective decision-making for national development creating an improved socio-economic status ofwell-being for the nation.

(Data Gaps and Data Quality: Adapted from Caricom Study "Monitoring and Assessment of Programme Outcomes in the Social Sector Focusing on the Dimension of Gender, " 2005).

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XIV The Commonwealth of Dominica Description and General Background The Commonwealth of Dominica is the most northern and largest of the Eastern Caribbean's Windward Islands situated between Latitude 15 20 minutes North and Longitude 61 22 minutes West.

It lies between the French islands of Guadeloupe to the north and Martinique to the south.
The island is 751 square kilometers (289.5sq miles) Dominica's climate is classified a humid tropical marine, characterized by little seasonal variation between the wet and dry season.

Its pronounced high rainfall during the wet season contributes to its lush vegetation.

The island's topography is rugged with steep, luxuriant rain forest mountains, deep river incised valleys and tree-covered hills that produce and sustain pristine rivers, perennial streams and tumbling mountain waterfalls.
The island has great diversity of flora and fauna.

The Morne Trois Pitons National Park (incorporating the central mountain range) is inscribed on the United Nations World Heritage List since 1998, based on the criteria of Outstanding Universal Value to Mankind, its natural aesthetic, rich bio-diversity and landscape irreplaceable contribution to the understanding of science and natural phenomena.
Dominica's relatively undisturbed and rugged landscape, extensive forest, pristine fresh and sea water and overall ecological system have contributed to Dominica's being acclaimed as "the Nature Island of the Caribbean".

This label has impacted favorably in positioning Dominica's global choices as a tourist destination for nature lovers and environmental adventure seekers.The island is currently promoted and is in its developing stage as an eco-tourist destination.
Visitor arrivals increased by 54.2% from 1993 to 2004, reaching a total arrival of 80,087 in 2004.

The three major markets are the Caribbean, United States of America and Europe.

in regularly registering a record 383,614 passengers in 2004.

Cruise lines call Political and Economic Situation Dominica attained political independence from England in 1978 and retains a political organization based on the British Parliament multi-party democracy.

Dominica inherited its official language, English.


However, partly due to historical influences, the majority of the population speak a patois "kweyol" composing of African and French linguistic structures.

The 2003 end of year population estimate 70,340 comprises mainly people of African descent and a small population of indigenous kalingo or Carib people, the survivors of the original or first people of the Caribbean.
They presently occupy a demarcated area called the Carib Territory, on the northeast of Dominica.

The island is subdivided into ten parishes with capital city Roseau, located within the parish of St. George in the south west.

The city of Roseau recorded a non-institutional population of 14,539 in the 2001 Population and Housing Census.

1 Traditionally, Dominica's economy has been based on agriculture.
Recent global and regional events have contributed to the declining dominance of agriculture in particular the cultivation of bananas.

Agriculture (mainly bananas) contributed to 20.0 percent of Gross Domestic Product in 1997 and 17.7 percent in 2003.

• Economically, Dominica pursues and sustains a free-market and liberal economy.

During the 2004 period the economy reflected an estimated growth rate of 3.57 compared to a 0.1 percent growth in the last year (2003).
Tourism, Construction, Manufacturing and Agriculture Sectors contributed significantly to this growth.

However, the rate of inflation as measured by the Annual Consumer Price Index rose by 2.46 in 2004 as compared to 1.44 percent in 2003.

Percentage increases were recorded in group indices Fuel and Light: 7:53; Housing and Utilities: 4.68; Educational Expenses: 3.49 and Food: 2.80.
2 POPULATION AND FAMILY ANALYSIS Over the century (1901 - 2001) the population of Dominica moved from 26,841 in 1901 to 69,625 reflecting a 159.4 percent increase.

The highest growth rate in any ten year period occurred between 1901 to 1911.

After 1970, the rate of growth seemed to have slowed down.

In fact, a negative annual growth of 0.4% was recorded for the period 1981-1991.
According to the results of the 2001 Census, the population dipped again, recording a negative average annual growth of 0.21 (Table 1.1.0).

The 2003 end of year population estimate decreased by a slight 0.08 percent over the adjusted 2001 end of year estimate (Table 1.1).

Age Structure The age structure of the population in 2003 revealed that the 20-59 age group accounted for the highest percentage of the population, 47.6 percent.

The 0-19 followed recording 38.7 percent.


The 60 and over age-group increased steadily from 12.2 percent of the population in 1998 to 13.7 percent in 2003.

The sex ratio registered 1013.7 (1014 males to every 1000 females).

According to the end of year estimate the female population in the 0-19 age group represented 19.2 percent while males registered 19.5 percent.

Females in the 20-59 age group recorded 22.8 percent while males accounted for 24.9 percent.
In the 60 and over age group females accounted for a higher percentage, 7.7 in comparison to 5.9 percent of males.

Marital Status and Age-Group Over the last two Census periods (2001 and 1991) the 15 years and older population increased by 4.5 percent.

The married population (of the 15 and over age-group) accounted for 28.3 percent in 1991 and 31.1 percent in 2001.
Although the percentage of married women, 50.5 was slightly higher than that for men in the 1991 Census, in 2001 the trend was opposite, 49.6 for females.

Women accounted for 74 to 75 percent of the widowed in both periods.

In 1991 men registered 55.3 percent of the divorced but a sharp decline to 46.6 percent was recorded in the 2001 Census.
Births Patterns and Fertility Rates Total births decreased by 14.6 percent from 1998 to 2003 (Table 1.3) with the last year (2003), registering a record low, 1056 births and a 15.0 birth rate.

The total fertility rate according to the 2001 census registered 3.0.

The 20-24 age - group accounted for the most productive population in 1981.

However in the 1991, and 2001 Censuses an older age-group the 25-29 attained the highest reproductive rate.
(Table 1.3A) For the 1981, 1991, and 2001 censuses the age specific fertility rates revealed shifts in Dominica's fertility pattern.

The total fertility rate recorded a drop, over the 1981 and 1991 period, moving from 4.2 in 1981 to 3.0 in 1991 but indicated a stable pattern of 3.0 up to 2001.

In 2001 the 25-29 age-group, retained its position as the most reproductive.
Over the last three census periods decreases in fertility rates were registered in all age-group except the 40-44, the oldest reproductive group.

Over the last two census periods 1991 and 2001 the 35-39 age group recorded an increased rate.

The decline in teenage fertility closely corresponds to the steady decline in births to teenage mothers.

From 1980 to 1990, the years before the censuses, teenage pregnancies decreased by 27.8 percent (Demographic Statistics No.1.
1993) while in a more recent period, in year 2000, a 25.2 percent decline in births was recorded over 1990.

The stagnation in the present total fertility rate and the decline from the 1981 level are mainly attributed to the downward movements in the number of births coupled with the effects of migration.
According to the 1991 and 1981 Census, in spite of a 4.5 percent increase in the number of women within child-bearing age, their age specific fertility rate over the period moved from 158.3 to 108.2, as lower births were recorded during that period (Table 1.3A).

3 The mean age at child-bearing increased from 26.5 to 27.2 years for that period (1981 to 1991).

In 2001 the trend was reversed as the child-bearing population decreased by 3.4 percent.
Births also fell, reflecting a 10.2 percent decrease over the last census period.

These dual processes reduced the age specific fertility rate to 100.6 in 2001.

The mean age at child-bearing increased to an older age, 27.8 years.

In the last three years a younger age group, 20-24, recorded the highest reproductive rate, registering a shift from the 25-29 age group.

This rise in trend may be partly attributed to steady births in spite of lower population in that age-group (20-24).
Interestingly, the 30-34 age group registered a comparable number of births to that of the younger age-groups.

Households Over the last ten years women-headed households stood at 36.9 percent.

Increases were recorded in households with one to four persons, as much as 36.8 percent in the two person household.

Conversely six or more persons household registered decreases over the period.

Male headed households accounted for a higher percentage in all household size.
Population and Family Recommendations 1.

2.

3.

(a) (b) The Ministry of Health and Social Security along with the Ministry of Finance and Planning prepare a draft Population Policy by June 2006.

Examine possibilities for increasing population growth The Ministry of Health and Social Security decide on a reproductive expectation every 10 years that is after every Census.

A reproductive expectation is government's desired goal on reproduction for e.g.
a minimal increase in births (about 10 - 20%) a sizeable increase (about 21 % - 39%) or a sharp increase over (over 40%) ; or stabilize births and/or create programs to promote immigration, and curb migration levels.

The Ministry of Health and Social Security and other appropriate ministries decide on efforts in curbing population outflows.

Recommendations may consider some incentives as: reviewing salary scale in specific occupations/ professions for e.g.
nurses, teachers, computer technicians, and other marketable professions.

Proposals on the latter should be considered by July 2006.

Following the results of the 2004 Wage Survey, gross earnings of wage-earners and salaried employees falling below $300.00 per month be increased by at least 15 percent.

This recommendation should be submitted to the Ministry of Labour by September 30, 2006.

4 Population and Family Indicators Tables 1.1 Total Population by Age Group 1998 - 2003 1.1.0.
1.1 (a-b) 1.2 1.3 1.3A 1.4.1 (a-f) 1.4.2 (a-g) 1.5 Population Percentage Change and Intercensal Annual Rate of Change 1881 - 2001 Population (15+) by Marital Status and Age Group 1991-2001 Population 15 years and over, by Union Status 1991 and 2001 Births to Women Aged 15 - 49 by Age Group of Mother and Total Female Population by Age Group 1998 - 2003 Age Specific Fertility Rates of Female Population 15-44 Years not attending School, 1981, 1991 and 2001 Census Female Population by Method of Contraceptive Use and Age Group 1998-2003 Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 1991 and 1998-2003 Households by Size and Head of Household 1991 and 2001 5 Section: Population & Family Population: Country: Dominica Table 1.1- Total Population by Age Group Age Group Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 0-4 5 - 9 10 -14 15 -19 20 -24 25 -29 30 -34 35 - 39 40 -44 45 ·49 50 - 54 55 -59 60 - 64 65 -69 70·74 75 -79 80 & over Not stated Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Total Population Women Men Total 122
975
Source: Central Statistical Office (eSO) I Dominica Notes: End of Year Estimates Data for 2001 adjusted on the basis of the 2001 Population and Housing Census.
6 Table 1.1.0.

Population Percentage Change and Intercensal Annual Rate of Change 1881·2001 Year Population Percentage Change Intercensal Annual Rate of Change 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1946 1960 1970 1981 1991 2001 28,211 26,841 28,894 33,863 37,059 47,624 59,916 69,549 73,795 71,183 69,625 3.80 -4.86 7.65 17.20 9.44 28.51 25.81 16.08 6.11 -3.50 -2.19 0.37 -0.48 0.72 1.62 0.9 1.01 1.65 1.48 0.55 -0.37 -0.21 Source: Reports of the Dominica Census and the Census of the Windward Islands 1946 and 1960.
Reports of the 1970, 1981,1991 and 2001 Censuses.

7 Families & Households Table 1.1A Population (15+) by Marital Status and Age Group 1991 Marital Status en .... ....

I It) "'It N I 0 N en N • It) N "'It C") • 0 C") en C") • It) C") .

:J 0 "'It WOMEN en "'It .

It) "'It "'It It) I 0 It) en It) .

It) It) "'It (Q .
0 (Q + '0 II) I 0 - - "iii z.B 0 en I- - It) (Q Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated Total Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated Total MEN TOTAL Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated TOTAL I 8 - - - 563 1 - - 2 42 1 1 - 243 .
- 160 137 15303 18 67 32 24 28 13 23 276 242 5 8 4 7 17 22 11 44 5 3 9 9 .

.
Source: 1991 Population and Housing Census 8 · · ~ · Table 1.1 B - PopulC?tion (15+) by Marital Status and Age Group Marital Status WOMEN Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated Total Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated Total MEN TOTAL Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated TOTAL .... en ....
It) I ~ N I 0 N en N I It) N ~ M I 0 M en M .

It) M 2001 en ~ I It) ~ .

3 0 ~ ~ I 0 It) en It) .

It) It) ~ U) .

0 U) en U) .
It) U) + ,... 0 - jij 0 I- Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census.
9 Table 1.2- Population 15 years and over, by Union Status Union Status Sex 1991 2001 Married Common Law Visiting No longer living with Husband/Wife No longer living with Common Law Partner Never had a Husband or Common Law Partner Not Stated Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total " 5947 .

. "

2852 " .

... ... ... " .

2606 " .

... 1254 ... " .


10675 ... ... 12 ... ... 23346 22981 46327 6836 6863 13699 3086 3060 6146 2444 2043 4487 2494 1296 3790 1491 1439 2930 7363 9121 16484 385 503 888 24099 24325 48424 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses Comments: Data on men by union status for 1991 is not available.
10 Table1.3 Births to Women Aged 15 - 49 by Age Group of Mother and Total Female Population by Age Group 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Age Group of Mother Number of births Population Female 15 -19 20 -24 25 -29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 -44 L ; ;9 Total :: 180 284 353 269 116 27 0 3627 3391 2710 2303 1786 1414 1217 Age- specific Fertility Rate 49.6 83.8 130.3 116.8 64.9 19.1 0 Number of births Female Population 201 285 344 277 137 37 6 3580 3487 2710 2322 1854 1504 1268 Age- specific Fertility Rate 56.1 81.7 126.9 119.3 73.9 24.6 4.7 Number of births Population Female 174 235 329 258 156 39 0 3373 2145 2525 2783 2460 2063 1617 Age- specific Fertility Rate 51.6 109.6 130.3 92.7 63.4 18.9 0.0 Number of births Population Female 167 268 292 290 148 42 1 3361 2137 2516 2773 2451 2056 1611 Age- specific Fertility Rate 49.7 125.4 116.1 104.6 60.4 20.4 0.6 Number of births Population Female 160 224 251 255 140 42 5 3327 2064 2530 2795 2451 2050 1622 Age- specific Fertility Rate 48.1 108.5 99.2 91.2 57.1 20.5 3.1 Age- Number specific Female of births Population Fertility 163 233 196 243 161 52 2 3368 2092 2599 2744 2301 2073 1633 Rate 48.4 111.4 75.4 88.6 70.0 25.1 1.2 62.5 1229 16448 74.7 1287 16725 77.0 1191 16966 70.2 1208 16905 71.5 1077 16839 64.0 1050 16810 Source: Central Statistical Office and Ministry of Health and Social Security.
Notes: Age-Specific Fertility rate Number of births to women specific age group divided by total number of women of the same age group, times 1000.

End of year population estimates.
Comments: Births born to Women less than fifteen are as follows: 1998 : 7, 1999 : 6, 2000 : 8, 2001 : 8, 2002 : 4, 2003: 6 TABLE 1.3A Age Specific Fertility Rates of Female Population 15 - 44 Years not Attending School, 1981, 1991 and 2001 Census 1981 1991 2001 Age Group Total Women Births in Last Year Age Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) 000 Total Women Births in Age Specific Last Year Fertility Rate Women Total Births in Age Specific Last Year Fertility Rate 15-19 20-24 25-29 2,951 3,244 2,185 30-34 1,751 35-39 40-44 45-49 1,414 1,327 1,292 459 744 437 252 115 31 ... 155.5 229.3 200.0 2,033 3,284 2,695 143.9 2,235 81.3 23.4 ... 1,758 1,441 1,249 233 426 381 258 121 36 ... 114.6 129.7 141.4 1,432 2,035 2,442 115.4 2,693 68.8 25.0 ... 2,385 2,001 1,567 150 252 328 325 198 53 8 104.7 123.8 134.3 120.7 83.0 26.5 5.1 15-44 12,872 2,038 158.3 13,446 1,455 108.2 12,988 1,306 100.6 I\J Total Fertility Rate Mean Age at Childbearing 1981 4.2 26.5 1991 3.0 27.2 2001 3.0 27.8 Sources: Dominica Vol.
3, 1980 -1981 Population Census of Dominica, 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses of Dominica, Central Statistical Office.

Table 1.4.1 (a) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Age Group 1998 Age Group en M , In M "" M , 0 M ~ . ""

0 en "" , In "" .

.. ... .

.. .

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.. 1786 1414 1217 20484 ... .. .

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.

..

Method Area Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Spermicide Total Female Population Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total "" ..... 0 .....

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Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.

Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group and area, times 100.
13 Table 1.4.1 (b) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Age Group 1999 Method Area Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Spermicide Total Female Population Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Total I " 0 ~ ... ... .. .

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... 184 ... ... 376 ... ... 0 ... ... 38 ... ... 3684 ... ... 20726 .
.. 22.03 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.

Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group and area, times 100.
14 Table 1.4.1 (c) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Age Group Method Area Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Spermicide Total Female Population Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total 2000 .

III en .... ....

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.. 3789 3373 2145 2525 2783 2460 2063 1617 20755 .

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.. 22.2 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.

Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group and area, times 100.
15 Table 1.4.1 (d) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Age Group Method Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population Contraceptive prevalence rate 2001 Area I 0 .- 'lit .- .

II') en .- .- .

0 N 'lit N Age Group .

II') en N N .

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Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.

Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group and area, times 100.
16 Table 1.4.1 (e) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Age Group 2002 Method Area Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms DiaphraQm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total ... ...,.

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.. 20.10 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive I divided by the total number of women in this age group and area, times 100.
17 Table 1.4.1 (f) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Age Group Method Area Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total 2003 .... en ....

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en ~ I In ~ ... .. .

.

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.

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.

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.

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.. ... 1380 .

.. ... 1404 .

.. .

.. 38 .

.. ... 283 .

.. .

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.. 20 .

.. ... 12 .

.. ... 3137 .. .

.. .

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3515 3368 2092 .. .

.. .

2599 ... .. .

2744 .. .

.


.. ... ... 2301 2073 1633 20325 .. .

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.

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.

.

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. "

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... .. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.

.. ... ... .. .

., .

.

.. .

.. 18.66 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group and area, times 100.

18 Table 1.4.2 (a) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 1991 Method Area Married Common Law Union Status No Longer married Visiting Never married Total Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 - 49 ys.
and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total .. .

...

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.

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.

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.

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3435 .. .

.. .

.. .

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... 2509 .. .

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.

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.

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.

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.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. 9022 ... .

.. ... .

.. .

.. 16246 ... .

.. .

..

Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.

Comments: Population by union extracted from 1991 Census data No Longer with Common - Law Partner =841 and is included in total.

Data for Visiting Category was not tabulated.


19 Table 1.4.2 (b) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status Method Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 - 49 ys.
and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate 1998 Area Married Common Law Union Status No Longer Visiting Never married Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total " .. .

.. .

.

.. .

.

, .

.

, .

.. .

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.

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.

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.. .

... " ... ... 1206 .

... 1951 ... ... 35 ... ... 446 ... . "

0 ... ... ... ...

., .

72 ... ... 3710 ... ... 16448 ... ... 22.56 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.
Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.

Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.
20 Table 1.4.2 (c) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 1999 Method Area Married Common Law Union Status No Longer married Visiting Never married Total Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 - 49 ys.
and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total .. .

.. .

.. .

., .

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.. ... 1247 .

.. ... 1839 ., .

.

.. 184 ... ... 376 ... ... 0 ... ... ... ...

., .

38 ... .

.. 3684 ... .

.. 16725 .

.. .

.. 22.03 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.

21 Table 1.4.2 (d) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 2000 Method Area Married Common Law Union Status No Longer married Visiting Never married Total Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphra"m Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 - 49 ys.
and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total " " " .. .

.. .

.

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.

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.

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.

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.. 78 .

.. ... 392 .

.. .

.. 0 .

.. ... .

.. .

.. ... 13 .

... 3767 " ... ... 16966 ... ... 22.20 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.

22 Table 1.4.2 (e) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 2001 Method Area Married Common Law Union Status No Longer married Visiting Never married Total Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 ·49 ys.
and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total .. .

.. .

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.. 1530 .

.. ... 163 .

.. ... 276 .

.. .

.. 0 .

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.. 51 .

.. .

.. 29 ... ... 3384 .. .

.

.. 6050 .

.. .

.. ... ... ... 16481 ... ... 20.02 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive J divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.

Comments: Population by union extracted from 2001 Census and for 2001, data from the 2001 Population and Housing Census is used.

Total Population 15·49 by union status includes 267 in Not Stated category and 832 in the No Longer with Common - Law Partner category.

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate based on end of Year Population Estimates.
23 Table 1.4.2 (f) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 2002 Method Area Married Common Law Union Status No Longer married Visiting Never married Total " " " .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.

.. .

.

.

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.


.

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.. 1389 .

.. .

.. 1628 ., .

... 42 .

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.. ... ... ... 44 ... ... 22 ... ... 3385 I I ... ... 16839 .

.. ... 20.10 " " " " " .. .

.

.

.

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" " Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 - 49 ys.

and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total lIrban Rural Total lIrban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total .. .

.

, .

... .. .

.. .

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.

.. .

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.

.

.

.. . "

" " .. .

.

.. . "

" " " .

.

.

Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.

24 Table 1.4.2 (g) Female Population by Method of Contraceptive use and Union Status 2003 Union Status Method Area Married Common Law Visiting No Longer married Never married Total Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) Tubal Ligation Spermicide Total Female Population (15 • 49 ys.
and over) Contraceptive prevalence rate Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total " ... .. .

., .

.. .

.

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1380 ... .

.. 1404 ., .

.

.. 38 ... .

.. 283 .

..

., .

.

.. ... .

.. 20 .

.. .

.. 12 ., .

.

.. 3137 ... ... 16810 ... ... 18.66 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood and Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 ys.
Old) using some type of contraceptive, divided by the total number of women in this age group, area and union category, times 100.

25 Table1.5 Households by Size and Head of Household Type of Household 1991 and 2001 Sex of Head of household 1991 2001 One person hh.

Two persons hh.

Three persons hh.

Four persons hh.

Five persons hh.

Six persons hh.

Seven persons hh.

Eight persons hh.

Nine persons hh.

Ten persons hh.

Elevan persons hh.

Twelve persons hh.


& over Total households Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: 1991 and 2001 Population Censuses.
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) -Poverty ANALYSIS According to the 2002 Survey of Living Conditions the annual per capita household expenditure of the poorest household is EC$ 2,670.00.
This means that these households are not able to adequately meet their basic needs and are therefore poor.

This expenditure ($2,670.00) represents the upper limit of the quintile suggesting that there are many households falling well below this level including indigent (very poor) households, (Table 1).

By comparison, households in quintile five (5) spend over EC$11,100 per capita (Table 1), registering about four times the amount that households in quintile one (1) spends.
Poor households are also larger than not poor households.

The average household size of 4.6 persons for poor households is almost double the size of that for not poor households of2.4 persons.

Poor households spend approximately 54% of their income on food, leaving only about 46% for non food expenditure.

According to the Survey the share of the poorest quintile in national consumption is 7.6%.

There are no trend data which would permit comparison over time.
However, according to similar studies, this trend is comparable to other sub regional countries for which such data is available.

Household poverty in Dominica is recorded at 29%.

This means that just about 7,000 households in Dominica were poor in 2002.

Approximately, 11 % of households were indigent.

This is about 2, 500 households.

These households are not able to meet the daily basic dietary requirements.

Individuals in these households have an average per capita expenditure of below EC$2,011.
They are either not meeting or barely meet their basic food needs.

Households which meet their basic food needs but are unable to meet all their non-foods needs were classified as poor and recorded 18% of all households.

This would be approximately 4,400 households not having a per capita expenditure ofEC$3,400.

Head count poverty registered 39% of the population of Dominica.

This means that about 27,000 persons in Dominica have expenditure below an annual income of EC$3,400.
Approximately 15% are considered to be very poor or indigent recording approximately 7,900 individuals in the population not meeting their daily dietary requirements.

However, about 61 % of the population can be considered not poor.

The number of poor individuals in Dominica is relatively high and Dominica's poverty is largely income or economic poverty owing to the rapid decline in banana earnings (a once major export earner) which cuts across all sectors.
However, the fact that the poverty head count (39%) is higher than the level of extreme poverty (15%) suggest that the majority of Dominicans can satisfy their basic needs.

The fact therefore that the number of indigent individuals in Dominica is relatively low provides an opportunity for the elimination of indigent head count poverty in the country.

27 The poverty gap for Dominica represents 10.2%.


The poverty gap measures the depth of poverty; the extent to which the incomes of poor households fall below the poverty line.

This means therefore, 4,300 households in Dominica on average have expenditure that fall approximately 10.2% below the poverty line of $3,400 (per year).

Prevalence of under-weight children under five (5) years of age though minimal records 14 cases to every 1000 children under 5 years.

Recommendations 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.


Institutionalize of the Survey of Living Conditions (SLC) every four (4) years and Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ) survey every two (2) years.

Inform the Social Services Department of the availability of statistical data that will assist in the more effective delivery of services, take immediate corrective measures and reduce duplication of routine work.

Restructure and empower identify/detect and address community.
the social services sector to build capacity to the problems of indigent persons within the implement and encourage employment creation through economic Promote, growth targeting youths and ensuring that there is a greater linkage between education and the economic growth sectors.

Expand the school feeding programme to cover a larger percentage of the school population, particularly the underprivileged.
Collaborate with the Ministry of Health to identify underweight children, assess their socio-economic situation and take corrective measures where appropriate beginning June 2006.
28 Poverty Indicators Tables 1 Per Capita Household Expenditure by Quintile 2 3 4 Incidence of Poverty in Dominica Poverty Indicators Number of Underweight Children (less than five years) by Type 29 Section: Poverty Country: Dominica Table 1 Per Capita Household Expenditure by Quintile ITEM Ql Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 ALL Per capita expenditure - upper limit of Quintile (EC$) 2,670 4,400 6,800 11,100 11, I00 Over Average households size 4.6 4.0 3.1 2.5 2.4 3.3 Average total household spending 8,340 13,800 16,870 21,730 48,910 21900 15,300* Average spending per capita (EC$) 1,830 3,450 5,400 8,570 20,640 6,550 5,300* Food Expenditure (% of total) 54% 47% 47% 38% 24% 43% % total spending 7.6% 12.60% 15.40% 19.80% 44.60% 100.00% % spending - cumulative 7.6% 20.20% 35.60% 55.40% 100.00% Source: 2002 Survey of Living Conditions *Median 30 Table 2.
Incidence of Poverty in Dominica Category Households % Population % IndigentNery Poor Poor All Poor Non Poor Total 11.0 18.0 29.0 71.0 15.0 24.0 39.0 61.0 100.0 100.0 Poverty Gao 10.2 Source: 2002 Survey of Living Conditions Notes: Poverty Gap - extent to which consumption of the poor fall below the poverty line.
Poverty Line: estimation of minimum food basket for an adult to achieve a diet of 2,400 calories per day, plus the average per capita non-food expenditure of 40% of households with the lowest per capita total expenditure.

31 Table 3: Poverty Indicators Indicators 2000 2001 2002 I.

Proportion of Population below $1 per day (PPP - Value) 2.

Share of poorest Quintile in national Consumption 3.

Proportion of Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (indigent) 4.
Poverty Gap ratio ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... less than 2.0 % * 7.6% 15.0% 10.2 5.

Prevalence of underweight children 15.2 14.2 13.7 Sources: 2002 Survey of Living Conditions, Central Statistical Office and Ministry of Health.

Notes: Prevalence of underweight per 1000 children « 5 years of age) * World Bank 2005 OECS Fiscal Issues, Dominica.

32 Table 4.
32 Table 4.

Number of Underweight Children (less than five years) by Type Type Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Underweight Stunted Wasted Total Population « 5 yrs of age) Prevalence of underweight children « 5 yrs.

of age) Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total .. .

... ... .. .

.. .

... .. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

3780 3922 7702 .. .

.. .

... ... .. .

.

.. ... ... .. .

.. .

... .. .

.. .

.. .

... 3464 3564 7028 .. .

.. .

.


.. .. .

.. .

98 .

.. .. .

.. .

... .

.. .. .

.

.. .

98 " 3165 3264 6429 . "

.

.. 15.2 .. .

.. .

89 .. . "

.

.. .

... .. . "

.

.

.. ... 89 3062 3182 6244 .. .

.

.. 14.2 ... .

.. 87 ... .

.. .

.. ... .

.

.. ... ... 87 " 3169 3186 6355 ... ... 13.7 Source: Poverty Assesment Office, Ministry of Finance and Planning and Ministry of Health Statistics Unit.
Notes: Underweight: "Underweight" or low weight for age is a measure of child's weight for age in relation to the median value of a standard reference population.

Stunted "Stunted" or Low height for age relates the child's height to her/his age in reference to the median value of a standard reference population.

Wasted "Wasted" measures the child's weight according to height in relation to the median value of a standard reference population.

Prevalence of underweight children « 5 yrs.


of age) Number of underweight girls (boys) aged less than five years old, divided by the total number of girls (boys) in that age group, times 1000 33 Millenium Development Goals (MDGs): Education ANALYSIS Access and Coverage Primary Dominica has long achieved universal access to primary education as the educational system has sufficient physical capacity to meet the needs of every child of the primary school age population.
In addition the Education Act of 1997 mandates compulsory education for all children ages 5-16.

Ratios The participation of students in primary education is determined by the gross and net enrolment ratios.

Of the students attending primary education in 2002/03, 52.8% are boys and 47.2% girls.

(Table!.3).
(Table!.3).

The average gross enrolment ratio (GER) (total enrolment regardless of age) for the period 1998/99 to 2002/03 was 98.0 while the net enrolment ratio (NER) (total enrolment within the primary school age population 5yrs-llyrs) for the same period was 90.9.

This suggests that about 9.0% students of the primary school age population are not at school.

In relation to the girls to boys ratios a higher number of boys than girls, are at primary school.
To every 100 boys there was an estimated 94 girls in the primary schools in the 2002/03 academic year.

Survival Rate The survival rate to grade six, measures the percentage of a cohort of pupils who were enrolled in the first grade in a given school year and who eventually reach the grade of completion.

Based on a cohort analysis at the primary level, the survival rate up to grade four (previously grade five), is estimated at 92.0.

However survival to the 5th and 6th year is 85.0.


The 15.0 difference may be attributed to migration.

Secondary This second level of education reflects a reverse (in comparison to primary level) in terms of gender enrolment (Table 1.4).

The data indicates an average of 45% male and 55% female enrolment.

The gap in enrolment reflects the performance achieved through the National Common Entrance (Secondary School Entrance) Examination, over the years.
To every 100 boys there are (on average) 108 girls at the Secondary Level.

Post Secondary/Tertiary Access to tertiary level education increased in 2002 with the establishment of the Dominica State College (DSC) (Table 1.5).

Prior to the 2002/03 academic year an average of 42% secondary school graduates accessed tertiary education.

With the inception of the State College the enrolment increased by 63%.

The average ratio of girls to boys is 155 girls to every 100 boys overall.
However a closer look at the Technical Vocational studies reveals that more males are enrolled in The expansion of the tertiary such studies, an average of 25 women to 100 men (Table 1.9).

education can be considered a landmark in the history of the education system.

Repetition and Dropout Rates At the primary level for the period 1998/99 to 2002/03 the average repetition rate for boys was 3.7 and girls 2.6 (Table 1.6).
The average dropout rates for the same period were 0.38 boys and 0.32 In absolute terms, an average of 32 boys and 21 girls dropped out yearly from girls respectively. "

34 the primary cycle.

It is important to note here that children who migrated are recorded in the drop out category.

However this situation is being addressed to distinctly present drop out data by reason.

The average repetition rate at the secondary level for the period 1998/99 to 2002/03 was 10.8 (Table 1.6).
During that period the rates were higher in form one averaging 17.4.

The drop-out rates at the secondary level records an average 2.6 for boys and 1.8 for girls (Table 1.7).

In absolute terms boys averages 65 and girls 56 (drop out) yearly.

Staff Pupil-Teacher Ratio For the period 1998/99 to 2002/03 the primary level pupil-teacher ratio averaged 1:22 and 1.18 at the secondary level.

Teacher Status Primary On average 79% of primary school teachers are female and 21 % male (Table 1.10).
In 2002/03, a total of 357 teachers or 60% of the 594 teachers were trained while 237 or 40% required the formal training program (Table 1.11).

Secondary The gender perspective of staff at the secondary schools is almost the same as that of the primary.

In 2002/03 female teachers accounted for 68% of the staff while males accounted for 32% reflecting a greater number of women in the teaching profession.

Recommendation Education 1.

2.

3.

4.


Institute Social and Learning Support System (psycho, social, remedial) that promotes programmes for children at risk by the 2007/2008 academic year.

Implement a multi sectoral approach to locate and identify children who are not at school by academic year 2007/2008.

Increase Public Education on issues of concern, human rights and the rights of the child by 2006/2007 academic.
Increase by 25% the percentage of trained teachers at both primary and secondary schools.

Exploring opportunity through regional institutions in addition to the Dominica State College.

5.

Redefine the recruitment process to have more graduate teachers at the secondary level from the 2007 academic year.

6.

Encourage and promote the increase and recruitment of qualified male teachers within the school system from the 2006 academic year.

7.
7.

Implement policy of pre-service teacher's education training in partnership with the Dominica State College (D.S.C.)

from the 2006 academic year.

35 8.

Significantly increase material and learning resources to increase performance of all children from the 2006 academic year.

9.

Encourage, promote and seek funding for qualitative classroom research from the 2006 academic year.

10.

Integrate technical/vocational skills programme in secondary school curriculum from the 2007 academic year.

11.
11.

Conduct a Literacy Survey by August 2006.
36 Education Indicators Tables 1.1 Literacy Rate Classified by Age Group (data not available) 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Population 10 years and Over by Level of Education 1991 and 2001 Enrolment, Net Enrolment Ratio and Proportion of Children reaching Grade five in Primary School 1998/1999 - 200212003 Enrolment in Secondary Schools by Fonn 1998/1999 - 2002/2003 Enrolment at the Tertiary Level by Type 1998/1999-200212003 Progression, Repetition and Drop Out Rates for Primary and Secondary Schools 1998 - 2002 Drop-outs and Drop-out Rates by reason at Primary and Secondary levels 1998 - 2002 Undergraduate Enrolment at University by Type of Course and Faculty/Department/Major Division 1998/1999 - 200212003 1.9 Enrolment in Vocational Training by Type 1998/1999-200112002 1.10 Teachers in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Levels 1998/1999 200212003 1.11 Number of Government Scholarships given to Students for Degree, Diploma and Certificate Study 1998 - 2005 37 Table -1.2 Population 10 years and Over by Level of Education Educational Attainment Women 1991 Men Total Women 2001 Men Total None 780 793 1573 Pre-Primary 4 5 9 702 93 825 1527 96 189 Primary 18386 20258 38644 15028 17552 32580 Secondary 6321 4142 10463 8621 6231 14852 University Other (Specify) Not Stated 352 632 285 608 612 258 960 988 1056 2044 1244 1787 1645 3432 543 332 315 647 Total 26760 26676 53436 27551 27720 55271 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses Notes: " Other" refers to Pre-university Total tabulated data for 1991 is 69466
 Total tabulated data for 2001 is 68635 38 Table -1.3 Enrolment, Net Enrolment Ratio and Proportion of Children reaching Grade Five in Primary School Class Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 Grade K Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 TOTAL all Classes Total population (5 -11 yrs) Net Enrolment Ratio a in Primary education Percentage of children reachinQ fifth Qrade b Ratio of girls to boys in primary C Gross Enrollment Ratio Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total ... ... .. .
0.93 98.9 .

.. .

.. .. .

 .

.. .. .

.

.. .. .

.. .

.

.. .

..

., .
..

., .

... 0.94 98.0 Source: Education Planning Unit and Population data from Central Statistics Office Notes: a: / Net Enrolment Ratio in Primary Education It is the number of 6 to 13 years (age group may be differed from country to country) girls (boys) enrolled in primary education, divided by the total population of girls (boys) in that age group, times 100.

Please note that this age Qroup is used as an example and the actual aQe Qroup used.
should be the one covered bv the primary education in b: / Propotion of children starting grade 1 who reach grade 5 Number of girls (boys) completing fourth grade (or reaching grade five) of the primary stage as a propotion of the number of girls (boys) in the first primary grade four years previously.
c: / Ratio of girls to boys Number of girls divided by number of boys in primary of girls to 100 boys Source of the definitions: Gender Indicators for follow-up and evaluation of the regional programme of action for the women of latin America and the Caribbean, 1995-2001 and the Beijing Platform for action.- ECLAC, Santiago, Chile.1QQQ Comments: The percentage change in enrolment from 1998 to 2002 recorded a decrease of -10.7.

This indicates a falling enrolment at that level.


Factors affecting enrolment are falling birth rate, migration and the movement towards universal secondary education.

Primary data exclude students in the Junior Secondary Programme (JSP) which is part of All-age primary but considered as lower secondary.

The JSP runs from Form 1 to Form 3.
39 Table -1.4 Enrolment in Secondary Schools by Form Form Form 1 Form 2 Form 3 Form 4 Form 5 Lower 6 Upper 6 TOTAL all Forms Ratio of girls to boys in secondary * Sex Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 911 902 1813 888 904 1792 908 796 1704 629 435 1064 453 300 753 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3789 3337 7126 871 912 1783 895 921 1816 930 909 1839 685 462 1147 557 308 865 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3938 3512 7450 865 950 1815 880 905 1785 883 820 1703 683 536 1219 579 355 934 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3890 3566 7456 880 1047 1927 817 803 1620 885 795 1680 765 520 1285 564 424 988 .. .. .. .. .. .. 3911 3589 7500 113.5 112.1 109.1 109.0 910 803 1713 992 848 1840 736 764 1500 554 772 1326 447 630 1077 .. " .. .. .. .. 3639 3817 7456 95.3 Source: Education Planning Unit * Ratio of girls to boys Number of girls divided by number of boys in secondary and presented as number of girls to 100 boys.
Note: Lower and upper six are not applicable.

Enrolment in Forms one, two and three includes students in the Junior Secondary Programme in AII·Age Primary schools.
40 Table -1.5 Enrolment at the Tertiary Level by Type Type Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 Technical & Vocational Private Public Other (specify) Total Other Tertiary (Specify) Private Public Other (specify) Total TOTAL Private Public Other (specify) Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Ratio of girls to boys in tertiarv Source: Education Planning Unit ., .
... 0 43 167 210 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 444 145 589 ... ... ...

., .

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.

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.. 854 546 1400 156 Note: The Data refers to the Clifton Dupigny Community College now the Dominica State College.
At that level student complete second year university level and certificate programmes.

1.

Other Tertiary includes Universities.

2.

Public refers to government and government assisted schools.

3.

Private institutions are maintained and operated by private bodies without the assistance from the State.

Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education Number of girls divided by number of boys in tertiary and presented as number of girls to 100 boys.
Comments: The constant increase in access to secol)dary education has expanded the need for tertiary level education.

This is evident in the yearly increase in enrolment at the Dominica State College and is most evident in the percentage change of 21.8% between 2000 and 2001 and the significant 85.7 percent increase for the.

2002/2003 academic year.
41 Table -1.6 Progression, Repetition and Drop Outs Rates for Primary and Secondary Schools Level of School Se~ ' PRIMARY Progression Progression Rate Repeaters Repeater Rate Drop-Outs Drop-Out Rate SECONDARY Progression Progression Rate Repeaters Repeater Rate Drop-Outs Drop-Out Rate .
Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Source: Eduaction Planning Unit .
Table -1.6 (Cont'd.)
Progression, Repetition and Drop Outs Rates for Primary and Secondary Schools Level of School Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 TOTAL Progression Progression Rate Repeaters Repeater Rate Drop-Outs Drop-Out Rate Girls Boys Total Girts Boys Total Girts Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girts Boys Total Source: Education Planning Unit Notes: Progression rate Ratio of number of girls (boys) studying at one level divided by number of girls (boys) studied at previous level.
Repeater rate Repeeters are students who do not advance one grade but are retained In the same grade In which they were previously enrolled, due to the inability to fu1flii the reqUired for promotion to the next higher grade.

n I Py..l n: Number of repeaten In a particular grade In the current academic year.

Py-1 : Population of students In a particular grade In the previous academic year.
Drop-out rate Number of drop:outs as a percentage of the total n\lmber of students enrolled In primary and secondary schOOl respectively.
43 Table -1.7 Drop-outs and Drop-out Rates by reason at Primary and Secondary levels Levell Type of Reason Primary level Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3 TobIt ..1reesons (PrImary) Secondary level Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3 Totlllall reasons (Secondary) Total Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3 Total all reaons 1_ 1_ 2000 2001 2002 sex Dropoouts 1- rMe Dropoouts Drop- out ... Drop.outs Drop.

out ... Drop-outs Drop-out ~ Drop-outs ... ...


Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total GIrls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total GIrls Boys Total .

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0.5 0.5 0.5 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2.0 1.7 1.9 ... ... ... ... ... ... " .

... ... 1.0 0.8 1.0 Source: lduc:llUon "'.nnlng Unit NotM: Age groups for primary and secondary are defined according to national regullltions.

SChool drop.out rates: Number of girls (boys) dropping out of school primary I secondary divided by total number of girls (boys) attending school primary I secondary levels.
sex composition of school drop.out Number of girls (boys) dropping out of school in primary or secondary divided by total number of children dropping out from relative level.

times 100.
44 Table -1.8 Undergraduate Enrolment at University by Type of Course and Faculty I Department I Major Division Faculty / Department / Major division / Type of course Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 AGRICULTURE Certificate Diploma Degree Other (specify) Total HUMANITIES Certificate Diploma Degree Other (specify) Total EDUCATION Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total ENGINEERING Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total LAW Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total 18 25 43 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 .. , ... 0 18 25 43 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 '" '" 0 ... ... 0 81 8 89 '" ... 0 14 3 17 ... ... 0 20 93 113 ... .. , ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ' " ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 45 18 22 38 ... '" 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 18 22 38 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ' " 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 58 11 87 ... ... 0 18 3 21 '" '" 0 18 81 99 '" ... . "
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18 20 38 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 .. , ... 0 18 20 38 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 .. , ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 48 20 88 ... ... 0 30 3 33 ... ... 0 17 84 101 ... ... .. , ... .. .

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... ... ... '" 18 25 41 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 18 25 41 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... 0 '" 47 20 87 ... ... 0 28 8 34 ... ... 0 19 78 97 ... ... ... ... .. - ... ... ... ... .

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... ... ... ... Table -1.8 (cont'd.)
Undergraduate Enrolment at University by Type of Course and Faculty I Department I Major Division Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 Faculty / Department / Major division I Type of course MEDICAL SCIENCES Certificate Diploma Degree IAssociate) Other (specify) Total NATURAL SCIENCES Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total SOCIAL SCIENCES Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total OTHER (Applied Arts) Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total TOTAL Certificate Diploma Degree (Associate) Other (specify) Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total ... ... .,.
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 81 25 106 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 81 25 106 270 84 354 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 270 84 354 6 56 62 ... .. , 0 ... .. 0 ... ... 0 6 56 62 456 291 747 ... ... 0 14 3 17 ... '" 0 470 294 764 ... ... .

.. ... '" ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 34 67 101 ... ... 0 ."
... 0 ... ... 0 34 67 101 255 75 330 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 255 75 330 8 43 51 .. ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 8 43 51 409 276 685 ... ... 0 30 3 33 ... ... 0 439 279 718 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. .

.

.. ... ... ... 42 71 113 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... .. .

0 42 71 113 334 111 445 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 334 111 445 5 53 56 ... ... 0 .. .

... 0 ... ... 0 5 53 58 492 329 821 ... .. , 0 26 8 34 .. .

... 0 518 337 855 .

.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. .

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0 .

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0 795 340 1135 .

.. ... 0 854 546 1400 ... .


.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 58 35 93 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 58 35 93 246 74 320 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 246 74 320 3 51 54 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 ... ... 0 3 51 54 397 274 671 ... ... 0 18 3 21 ... ... 0 415 277 692 46 Source: Education Planning Unit, Minl&try of Education.
Table - 1.9 Enrolment in Vocational Training by Type Type Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 ... ... 0 2 17 19 3 17 20 ... ... .. , ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 17 20 3 15 18 0 0 0 4 16 20 2 18 20 16 22 38 2 0 2 2 14 16 37 151 188 ... ... 0 2 15 17 3 17 20 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 17 19 4 15 19 0 0 0 8 18 26 1 19 20 16 20 36 2 15 17 2 11 13 41 147 188 ... ... 0 1 19 20 5 13 18 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..- '" 2 17 19 2 16 18 0 0 0 8 17 25 2 18 20 16 25 41 1 11 12 1 20 21 40 156 196 Engineering Mechanical Electrical Masonry Carpentry Technical Other (specify) Plumbing Refridgeration & Air Conditioning Foundation in Industrial Arts Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Building Construction Women Electronics Agriculture Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Motor Vehicle Engineering Women Building Trade Total Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: Education Planning Unit ... ... 0 2 20 22 3 19 22 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 18 20 4 15 19 5 15 20 6 10 16 3 19 22 18 25 43 2 21 23 3 15 18 43 167 210 47 Table -1.10 Teachers in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Levels Levell type Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 337 95 432 93 19 112 430 114 544 216 102 318 8 2 10 224 104 328 ... ... .. , 1 13 14 3 11 14 4 24 28 331 84 415 104 18 122 435 102 537 225 115 340 7 3 10 232 118 350 ... '" ... 1 13 14 3 11 14 4 24 28 336 95 431 106 15 121 442 110 552 243 121 364 9 1 10 252
 122 374 ... ... ... 1 13 14 3 11 14 4 24 28 341 113 454 111 12 123 452 125 577 255 119 374 8 2 10 263 121 384 ... ... .. .
1 13 14 3 11 14 4 24 28 358 96 454 123 17 140 481 113 594 262 123 385 7 3 10 269 126 395 ... -.. ... 0 17 17 0 0 0 0 17 17 Primary Secondary Public Private Total Public Private Total Tertiary Technical & Vocational Private Public Part-time Total (Tech.

& Vocat.)

Source: Education Planning Unit Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 48 Table -1.10 (Cont'd.)
Teachers in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Levels Levell type Sex 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001102 2002/03 Other Tertiary (Academic) Private Women Men Total Public Women Men Total Other (PART TIME) Women Men Total Total (other tertiary) Women Men Total TOTAL (Prim., Secon., Tertia.)
Public Women Men Total Private Women Men Total Total Women Men Total ... ... ... 11 6 17 2 7 9 13 13 26 570 234 804 101 21 122 671 255 926 ... ... ... 11 6 17 2 7 9 13 13 26 573 236 809 111 21 132 684 257 941 ... ... ... 11 6 17 2 7 9 13 13 26 596 253 849 115 16 131 711 269 980 ... ... .. .
11 6 17 2 7 9 13 13 26 613 269 882 119 14 133 732 283 1015 .-, ... ... 31 13 44 10 15 25 41 28 69 661 264 925 130 20 150 791 284 1075 Source: Education Planning Unit Notes: Percentage distribution of teachers by level Number of women (men) teachers at level 1, divided by women (men) teachers at all levels, times 100 Sex composition of teachers by level Number of women (men) teachers at level 1, divided by all teachers at level 1, times 100 Public refers to government owned schools.
Private refers to government assisted and total privately financed schools.

Comments: The number of teachers does not include principals.

(65 in the primary schools and 15 in secondary).

49 50 Field of Study Accounting & Finance Agricultural Eng.

Agricultural Technology Agronomy Architectural Eng.

Automated System Eng.

Business Admin.

Civil Engineering Computing Economics Electrical Eng.

Environmental Eng.lScience International Studies Journalism law Marketing Mechanical Eng.
Medicine Physical Education Pre School Education Psychology Teaching Telecommunication Eng.
Tourism Other TOTAL Table 1.11: Number of Government Scholarships Given to Students For Degree, Diploma and Certificate Study 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 T M F M F T M F Grand Total 27 3 7 19 10 1 5 20 19 20 14 3 1
1 7 Grand Total 27 3 7 19 10 1 5 20 19 20 14 3 1 1 2 1 11 48 4 1 19 5 13 23 71 348 Source: Ministry of Education Planning Unit Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) - Health ANALYSIS The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that fall under the responsibility of the Ministry of Health and Social Security (MoHSS) are: Improve maternal health - reduce 1990 maternal mortality rate by two-thirds • Reduce child mortality - reduce 1990 under five mortality rate by two-thirds by 2015 • by 2015 • Combat HNIAIDS, malaria and other diseases - halt and begin to reverse
 the spread of HIVIAIDS by 2015 Achievements The activities of the MoHSS are guided by the National Strategic Health Plan which recognizes maternal and child health along with HIV/AIDS as well as other communicable diseases including tuberculosis as priority health issues to be addressed.
Maternal mortality has remained low in Dominica with maximum of one death in anyone year that maternal mortality has occurred over the past eight years.

Those maternal deaths that occurred were due to complications of pregnancy, childbirth or the puerpenum.

The MoHSS has been able to maintain high immunization coverage (over 98%) for BCG, measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria and poliomyelitis vaccines since the 1990s.
Dominica has not recorded a childhood case of disease covered by these vaccines for over 10 years.

In addition to the vaccine preventable diseases Dominica has made significant progress in combating many of the other communicable disease.

The last cases of indigenous malaria were back in the 1960s.

Even though dengue fever remains endemic, there have been no deaths from dengue in recent memory.
Indeed the mortality profile of Dominicans is dominated by the chronic non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease including hypertension and stroke, as well as cancer) - a profile similar to that of the developed nations.

A strategic plan for addressing HIVIAIDS was released in September 2003 and significant advances are being made in re-establishing the National HIV/AIDS Programme by the current HIV/AIDS Office.
Challenges The majority of deaths occurring under five years of age occur in the first year of life and more so within the first month.

There is a need to further elucidate the underlying causes of these deaths especially to see whether any factors that are amenable to public health 51 interventions are in operation.

Investments in more sophisticated hospital care in the early days of life especially for premature infants may need to be considered.
A major challenge for the MoHSS will be to maintain the gains that have been achieved in the control of communicable diseases in Dominica while tackling challenges such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis at the same time.

Given the decline in the country's economic fortunes it is apparent that much of the resources required will need to be accessed from external sources such as the United Nations Global Fund for HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.
This support is crucial since the rate of increase in newly identified cases of HIV has not significantly diminished since the first case was diagnosed in 1987.

It is of further note that the majority of persons infected and who have died from HIV/AIDS are in the 20-55 year age group - the most productive segment of the population.

Although there have been no local transmission of malaria since the 1960s the mosquito responsible for the transmission of malaria Anopheles spp.
remains on the island and therefore poses a threat for the re-introduction of indigenous malaria.

Efforts to control this mosquito along with systems for the early identification of persons who may develop malaria locally after having contracted it abroad, need to be strengthened, especially with the increase in visitor arrivals including arrivals from areas with endemic malaria.
Recommendations • Improve perinatal morbidity and mortality surveillance by end 2006 o The factors contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially those amenable to public health interventions, need to be identified and properly documented so as to allow for the appropriate interventions to be developed.

o Postmortem examinations are to be done on all perinatal deaths.
• Expand Immunization Programme to provide coverage against additional childhood diseases by end 2006 o At the present time there are plans to introduce pentavalent vaccine into the government's immunization programme so as to further reduce the impact of vaccine preventable diseases • Review, redefine and implement the National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS Programme by end 2006 Now that the Office for the National HIV/AIDS Programme has been re-established the National Strategic Plan needs to be reviewed against the recent changes in availability of effective treatments for HIV and associated infections.
Greater emphasis needs to be given to prevention efforts especially among the teenage/early adult population.

Strengthen the surveillance of sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis and • malaria by integration with HIV/AIDS Programme by end 2007.

• infonnation by July 2006 Increase the allocation of resources for health promotion/education and health o Health promotion strategies are fundamental to the continued reduction of behaviours that negatively impact on health.
52 o Modem health infonnation systems are crucial for the appropriate allocation and monitoring of resources in health so as to maximize the positive impact of expenditure on health issues.

Use of existing technology and the allocation of appropriately trained staff (especially staff trained in computer/infonnation technology) should ensure that the necessary upgrades take place at the primary and secondary care levels.
Strengthen national vector control programme so as to eliminate 50% of • anopheles-infested areas by 2015 o Use BTl or other means to destroy mosquito larva o Landfill or drain swampy areas amenable to such interventions especially those in close proximity to populated areas Improve research capacity and develop research agenda in the MoHSS by end • 2008 o Health staff should be continually trained in research methodologies especially in collaboration with the Caribbean Health Research Council (CHRC).
o Resources need to be specifically allocated to research in the health budget o Coordinate health-related research activated through the Health lnfonnation Unit - this has implications for staffing and physical space as both of these resources are currently inadequate.
Foster greater collaboration between the MoHSS and o Government agencies such as • • Ministry of Finance • Central Statistical Office • Ministry of Agriculture • Ministry of Education o Private institutions, NGOs and Civil Society such as • Ross University • Christian Children's Fund (CCF) • Dominica Planned Parenthood Association • Fair Trade Organization This is crucial to ensure that resources are allocated and used as effectively as possible.
This greater collaboration may be achieved through • Ensuring MoRSS representation in working groups such as the National SIMDGs Committee (already established) • Establishing electronic linkages such as listservs in specific themes by end of2007 53 Health Indicators Tables 1.1 Life Expectancy By Age Group 1998-2003 1.2 Population Analysed By Births, Deaths and Net Migration-1990-2003 1.2.1 Mean Population and Vital Rates 1992- 2003 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Number of Infant Deaths by Age group - 1998-2003 Number of Deaths Under Five Years by Age Group-1998-2003 Number of Matemal Deaths by Cause -1998-2003 Number of Births Attended by TrainedlUntrained Personnel classified by type of Occupation -1998-2003 1.7 Population with Disability by Type of Disability - 2001 1.8 (a-f) Number of Deaths by Cause and Age Group 1998-2003 1.9 Distribution of Households by Source of Water Supply (Access to Safe Water) 1991 and 2001 1.10 Distribution of Households by Sanitation facilities 1991 and 2001 1.11 Number of Health Care Institutions 1998-2003 1.12 Number of Physicians 1999-2003 1.13 (a-f) 1.14 (a-d) (e) Population 15 years and over, who have knowledge ofHIV/ AIDS by Education and Age Group 1998-2003 (not available) Population - who were treated for HIV/AIDS by Education and Age Group 1988 - 2001 (not available) 2002 1.15 Number of Newly Confirmed AIDS Cases by Risk Group/Exposure Category and Age Group 1998-2002 (a-e) 54 1.16 Number of Health Personnel Trained In HIVIAIDS Care and Management By Selected Occupation (not available)
 1.1 7 Number of Deaths from AIDS by Age Group, Occupational Group and Geographical Area 1998-2002 (a-e) 1.18 AIDS Mortality as a Percentage of Total Mortality 1998-2003 1.19 Cumulative Total of Confirmed HIV/AIDS Cases by Age Group 1998-2002 1.20 Number of Births and Crude Birth Rate 1998 - 2003 1.21 Number of Deaths and Crude Death Rate 1998-2003 1.22 Number of Children One year Old Immunized against Preventable Diseases 1998-2002 1.23 Number of Pregnant Women!
Girls with HIV by Age Group 1998-2002 1.24 Female Population 15 yrs and over by Contraceptive Use 1998-2003 1.25 Cumulative Number of Children Orphaned by HIV I AIDS 1998-2002 55 Section: HEALTH - OTHER Country: Dominica Table 1.1 Life Expectancy By Age Group 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Age 0 1 - 4 5-9 10 ·14 15 -19 20·24 25 - 29 30·34 35 - 39 40 -44 45 -49 50 - 54 55·59 60·64 65 - 69 70 -74 75·79 80 - 84 85+ Women!

Men!

Women!

Men!

Women!


Girls 75 76 72 67 62 57 52 47 43 38 34 30 26 22 18 14 11 8 6 Boys 71 71 67 63 58 53 48 44 40 35 31 27 23 20 16 13 10 8 6 Boys 71 72 68 63 58 53 49 44 39 35 31 27 24 20 16 13 10 8 6 Girls 75 75 71 66 62 57 52 47 42 38 33 29 25 21 17 13 10 6 4 Girls 75 76 72 67 62 57 53 48 43 39 35 30 26 22 18 14 11 8 7 Men!

Women!

Men!

Women!

Men!

Women!


Boys 71 71 67 62 57 53 48 43 39 35 30 26 23 19 16 12 9 7 4 Boys 73 74 70 65 60 55 51 46 42 37 33 28 24 20 16 13 10 8 6 Boys 72 72 68 63 58 54 49 44 40 36 31 27 23 19 16 12 10 8 7 Girls 77 76 73 68 63 59 54 49 44 40 35 31 26 22 18 14 11 8 6 Girls 78 78 74 69 64 59 54 49 44 40 35 31 27 23 19 15 12 9 7 Girls 77 77 73 68 64 59 55 50 45 41 36 31 27 22 18 15 11 8 6 Men!
Boys 72 72 68 63 59 54 49 45 40 36 32 28 23 19 16 12 10 7 6 Total 75.44 71.39 75.11 70.99 74.76 70.65 74.86 70.92 77.72 72.37 78.36 72.45 Source: Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Finance.

Notes: Indicator Health 1.1 :Life Expectancy at birth This is defined as the average number of years that a new born child would live for if all the years of life of the cohort to which that child belonged were divided equally between its members.
Life Expectancy at 5 years of Age This is defined as the average number of years that a 5 year of age child would live for if all the years of life of the cohort to which that child belonged were divided equally between its members.

56 Table 1.

2.
Total Population Analysed by Births, Deaths and Net Migration 1990·2003 Year Births Deaths Natural Increase Net Migration Total Increase End of Year Population Mean Population -981 -895 -707 -802 -914 -699 -1,288 -995 -756 -1,013 -897 -894 -526 -522 111 299 563 397 161 218 -445 -168 -115 -338 -209 -191 -39 -23 71,568 71,373 71,936 72,333 72,494 72,712 72,267 72,099 71,984 71,646 71,443 70,401 70,362 70,340 71,513 71,471 71,654 72,134 72,413 72,603 72,490 72,183 72,042 71,815 71,544 70,922 70,382 70,352 Source: Ministry of Health, Immigration Department and Central Statistical Office For 2001 End of Year Population is adjusted from Census data to include births, deaths and net migration after the May 07, 2001 Census date.
57 TABLE 1.2.1 Mean Population and Vital Rates 1992 - 2003 Year Mean Population (1 ) Birth Rate (2) Death Rate (2) Rate of Natural (3) Increase Infant Mortality Rate (4) Source: Central Statistical Office Note: 1.
Average of two end of year population that of the previous year and the year under review 2.

Per thousand of mean population 3.

Birth rate minus death rate 4.
Death in first year of life per 1000 live births 58 Infant Mortality Rate Table -1.3 Number of Infant Deaths by Age group Age group Sex of infant Less than 1 month 1-11 months Total Number of live births Infant Mortality Ratio Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health.
Notes: Less than 1 month is actually less than 25 days Infant Mortality Ratio: The number of infant deaths before reaching her or his first birthday per 1,000 live births during same Still births are not counted in the total.

Comments: Data collected for under 28 days, and 28 days to 11 months.

59 ...
Under Five Mortality Rate Table -1.4 Number of Deaths Under Five Years by Age Group Age group <1 1 < 3 years 3 - 4 years Total Number of children (0-4) Under Five Mortality Ratio Sex Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total ° 0 0 0 0 10 11 21 3165 3264 6429 3.16 3.37 3.27 10 14 24 2 ° 2 0 2 2 12 16 28 3062 3182 6244 3.92 5.03 4.48 6 6 12 1 1 ° ° 2 2 7 8 15 3169 3186 6355 2.21 2.51 2.36 9 11 20 1 1 2 1 ° 1 11 12 23 3010 3120 6130 3.65 3.85 3.75 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health.
Notes: Under Five Mortality Ratio: The number of deaths before reaching five years per 1,000 live children during same period.
60 Maternal Mortality Ratio Table - 1.5 Number of Maternal Deaths by Cause Cause 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Maternal Conditions Affecting Fetus Obstetric Complications Affecting Fetus and Birth Trauma Complication of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium Other (specify) Total Number of live births 1236 1293 1199 1213 1081 1056 Maternal Mortality Ratio 80.91 0.00 0.00 82.44 92.51 0.00 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health Maternal Mortality Ratio The number of women who died as a result of complications of pregnancy or childbearing in a given year per 100,000 live births.
61 Births attended by trained personnel by type of occupation Table - 1.6 Number of Births Attended by Trained I Untrained Personnel classified by type of Occupation Category Professionals Medical Doctors Nu~es Mid-wives Other Health Professionals (Specify) 62 I Total Professionals Associate Professionafs Nu~ing Assistants Midwifery Assistants Total Associate Professionals Total Trained 2003 Untrained I Total TOTAL, All Occupations j ...

I ... J 1236 j ... j ...

I 1293 I I I 1194 I ... j ... j 1213 I ...


I ...

I 1081 I .., j ... j 1056 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health.

Comments: 99.8% deliveries are attended by trained pe~onnel, breakdown by category not available.

The other births occur before arrival of midwife and occasionally (every 3 to 4 yea~) there is one birth attended by spouse.
Table -1.7 Population with Disability by Type of Disability Disability Sex 2001 Affecting sight Affecting hearing Affecting speech Mobility Mental retardation Other (Specify) Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total 426 347 773 159 161 320 196 279 475 624 507 1131 213 343 556 508 538 1046 Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census Notes: Total is not applicable since one person may suffer from more than one disability.
Comments: Mental Retardation is referred to as behavioral.

63 .

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on ~ 3 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 5 0 4 4 0 0 0 3 6 9 Cause Defined Causes Communicable Diseases Malignant Neoplasm Diseases of the Circulatory system Conditions Originating in Perinatal period External Causes All Other Diseases Symptoms & ill-defined Conditions TOTAL DEATHS, All Causes Sex In ~I Ul c: Ql • Gl os .J;; an ~ . "'"
<:> ~ Female 10 Male 7 Total 17 0 Female Male 0 Total 0 Female 0 Male 0 Total 0 Female 0 Male 0 Total 0 7 Female Male 4 Total 11 0 Female Male 0 Total 0 3 Female Male 3 Total 6 Female 3 Male 0 Total 3 Female 13 7 20 Male Total Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health & Social Security 64 CD .
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, .., '" .., '" N 2 1 11 5 13 12 5 14 6 Age Group .., '" , .., '" 6 13 19 0 0 0 2 2 4 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 3 4 3 6 9 0 0 0 6 13 19 ~ , 0 -.t 3 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 3 '" -.t , '" -.t 9 9 18 0 0 0 2 2 4 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 6 2 8 0 0 0 9 9 18 0 ~ , '" 8 10 18 0 1 1 3 1 4 3 2 5 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 5 6 0 2 2 8 12 20 '" '" , '" '" 8 16 24 0 4 4 2 2 4 4 6 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 5 1 2 3 9 18 27 Table -1.8 (b) Number of Deaths by Cause and Age group 1999 Cause Defined Causes Communicable Diseases Malignant Neoplasm Diseases of the Circulatory system Conditions Originating In Perinatal period External Causes All Other Diseases Symptoms & ill-defined Conditions TOTAL DEATHS, All Causes Sex Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total til'" c:: til Gl '" .J~ ... 20 14 34 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 13 7 20 1 0 1 4 5 9 1 0 1 21 14 35 '" , '" 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 ... -.t , ... 0 1 4 5 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 5 ... '" , ... '" 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 4 4 -.t N , 0 N 4 3 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 3 1 4 1 1 2 0 0 0 4 3 7 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health & Social Security 65 Table· 1.8 (c) Number of Deaths by Cause and Age group 2000 en c: .
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Externa I Ca uses All Other Diseases Symptoms & ill-defined Conditions TOTAL DEATHS, All Causes Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total enlt'l Gl III ...1:05 9 11 20 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 7 8 15 0 0 0 2 1 3 1 0 1 10 11 21 It'l N 3 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 4 2 3 5 0 0 0 3 6 9 'Ot l"'l .
0 l"'l 3 4 7 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 3 4 7 It'l l"'l 4 6 10 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 3 4 7 0 1 1 4 7 11 0 'Ot 5 7 12 1 0 1 2 4 6 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 4 1 2 3 6 9 15 It'l 'Ot 1 7 8 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 3 0 1 1 1 8 9 0 It'l 6 7 13 0 0 0 1 4 5 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 2 5 0 4 4 6 11 17 It'l It'l 10 8 18 0 0 0 2 2 4 3 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 8 0 1 1 10 9 19 0 lD 11 9 20 0 0 0 5 6 11 5 1 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 4 12 12 24 37 311 It'l lD ~ I- 223 226 449 8 12 20 36 73 109 99 51 150 7 8 15 4 17 21 69 65 134 30 32 62 253 258 511 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health & Social Security 66 - .
Table - 1.8 (d) Number of Deaths by Cause and Age group 2001 Age Group Cause Defined Causes Communicable Diseases Malignant Neoplasm Sex Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Diseases of the Circulatory system Female Conditions Originating in Perinatal Female Male Total External Causes All Other Diseases Symptoms & ill-defined Conditions TOTAL DEATHS, All Causes Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total wll> w c Ql I'll ...loS 11 15 26 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 10 13 0 1 1 8 3 11 1 1 2 12 16 28 '" I.
~~ ~'<t ~'" ~'<t ~'" ~; ~'" ~'<t ~'" ~'<t ~'" + 0 '<t'<t 11>11> 11>11> lDlD lDlD ..... NN NN MM MM '<t '<t 0 • U")'t""" "I""" <Ii Z S a I- 231 238 469 14 32 46 35 48 83 98 80 178 3 10 13 5 12 17 73 59 132 19 22 41 250 260 510 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health & Social Security 67 Table -1.8 (e) Number of Deaths by Cause and Age group 2002 Cause Defined Causes Communicable Diseases Malignant Neoplasm Sex Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Diseases of the Circulatory system Female Conditions Originating In Perinatal Female Male Total External Causes All Other Diseases Symptoms & ill-defined Conditions TOTAL DEA THS, All Causes
 Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total fIlln fIl Gl ClI .J.s::.
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+ en 5 ...... ...... NN NN ",,'" ",,"" 0 Z 0 ",'" lDlD lDlD ..... I- Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health & Social Security 69 Access to safe water Table - 1.9 Distribution of Households by Source of Water Supply (Access to Safe Water) Source of water Piped into dwelling Piped into yard Private catchments, not piped Public catchments, piped Public standpipe Public well or tank Other I not stated Total 1991 7669 2057 396 ... 7209 510 1533 2001 11495 2615 516 338 6109 277 1009 19374 22359 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses 70 Access to sanitation Table - 1.10 Distribution of Households by Sanitation facilities Source of
 sanitation W.C.
Linked to sewer W.C. Cesspit I Septic Tank Pit Latrine Other None Total 1991 2499 4637 6851 449 4938 2001 3010 8991 6332 454 3572 19374 22359 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses 71 Hospitals/clinics per 1000 persons.
Table· 1.11 Number of Health Care Institutions Type 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 General/public Hospital Private Hospitals Divisional Health Centers Primary Health/Medical Centers Family planning Clinic Other (Specify)- District Hospital Mid Year Population Estimates 72042 71814 71544 70922 70382 70352 Hospitals/clinics per 1000 persons 0.76 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.80 Source: Primary Health Care Dept, Ministry of Health & Social Security and Central Statistical Office.
Notes: Family Planning Clinics included in Primary Health Centres.

72 Physicians per 1000 persons.
Table - 1.12 Number of Physicians Type Sex 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Medical Doctors Dentists Specialists I other disciplines Other (Specify) Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total ... ... ... 3 5 8 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... '" ... ... 3 6 9 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 6 9 11 15 26 ... '" '" ... ... ... Mid Year Population Estimates 71814 71544 70922 70382 70352 Physicians per 1000 persons 0.90 0.80 Source: Ministry of Health & Social Security and Central Statistical Office.
73 Persons treated for HIV/AIDS by level of education and age Table -1.14(e) Population - who were treated for HIV I AIDS by Education and Age Group for 2002 Total Age Group Sex Level of education attained None Primary Secondary Tertiarv Other Less than 5 5 - 9 10 ·14 15 ·19 20 - 24 25·29 30 ·34 35 -39 40 ·44 45 -49 50·54 55 ·59 60·64 65·69 70+ Not Stated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
Notes: Treatment was not available locally 74 Number of newly confirmed cases by risk group exposure category and age group Table· 1.15(a) Number of Newly Confirmed AIDS Cases by Risk Groupl Exposure Category and Age Group for 1998 Risk Group/Exposure Category Age Group Sex Homosexual Bisexual Less Ihan 5 5 • 9 10 -14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 ·29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 -44 45 - 49 50·54 55 - 59 60·64 65·69 70 + Not Slated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Tolal Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Tolal Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Tolal Women Men Tolal Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Transfusion H ReciDient h'l" Homosexual P d" t .
Other U k aemop I lac Contact ae la rrcs ISDecifvl n nown Ttl 0 a 5 7 12 5 7 12 5 7 12 5 7 12 Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre.

Ministry of Health.

Notes: No risk group/exposure category available.

Transfusion recipient: Persons who receive injection of blood or other fluid into a blood vessel.

Haemophiliac: Persons who are In state of failure of the blood to clot causing excessive bleeding.

Paediatrics: The branch of medicine dealing with children's diseases.
Comments: Date by age-group and risk category not available 75 Number of newly confirmed cases by risk group exposure category and age group Table· 1.15(b) Number of Newly Confirmed AIDS Cases by Risk Group, Exposure Category and Age Group for 1999 Other (SDecitvl Unknown 11 15 Total 11 15 Age Group Sex Homosexual Bisexual Transfusion ReciDient Haemophlllac Homosexual Paediatrics Contact Risk Group/Exposure Category less than 5 5 - 9 10 -14 15 -19 20 ·24 25 -29 30 ·34 35·39 40 ·44 45 -49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 -64 65 -69 70 + Not Stated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
Notes: No risk group/exposure category available.

Transfusion recipient: Persons who receive injection of blood or other fluid into a blood vessel.

Haemophiliac: Persons who are in state of failure of the blood to clot causing excessive bleeding.

Paediatrics: The branch of medicine dealing with children's diseases.
Comments: Date by age-group and risk category not available 76 Number of newly confirmed cases by risk group exposure category and age group Table· 1.15(c) Number of Newly Confirmed AIDS Cases by Risk Groupl Exposure Category and Age Group for 2000 Risk Group/Exposure Category Age Group Sex Homosexual Bisexual Less than 5 5 - 9 10 ·14 15 ·19 20 -24 25 -29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 -44 45 -49 50 -54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65·69 70 + Not Stated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Transfusion H Recipjent h'li Homosexual P d' t' Other U k aemop I ac Contact ae la ncs I {Specify) n nown T tal 0 o 4 4 o 4 4 0 4 4 0 4 4 Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
Notes: No risk group/exposure category available, Transfusion recipient: Haemophiliac: Paediatrics: Persons who receive injection of blood or other fluid into a blood vessel.

Persons who are in state of failure of the blood to clot causing excessive bleeding.

The branch of medicine dealing with children's diseases.
Comments: Date by age-group and risk category not available 77 Number of newly confirmed cases by risk group exposure category and age group Table - 1.15(d) Number of Newly Confirmed AIDS Cases by Risk Groupl Exposure Category and Age Group for 2001 Age Group Sex Homosexual Bisexual Transfusion ReciDient Haemophillac Homosexual Contact Paediatrics Other (Specify) Unknown Total Risk Group/Exposure Category Less than 5 5 - 9 10 -14 15 -19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 -34 35 -39 40 -44 45 -49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 -69 70 + Not Stated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre.
Ministry of Health.

Notes: No risk group/exposure category available.

Transfusion recipient: Persons who receive injection of blood or other fluid into a blood vessel.

Haemophiliac: Persons who are in state of failure of the blood to clot causIng excessive bleeding.

Paediatrics: The branch of medicine dealing with children's diseases.
Comments: Date by age-group and risk category not available 78 1 4 5 1 4 5 1 4 5 1 4 5 Number of newly confirmed cases by risk group exposure category and age group Table· 1.15(e) Number of Newly Confirmed AIDS Cases by Risk Groupl Exposure Category and Age Group for 2002 Age Group Sex Homosexual Bisexual Transfusion Recipient Less than 5 5 - 9 10 -14 15 -19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 -34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 -49 50 - 54 55 -59 60 -64 65 -69 70 + Not Stated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Risk Group/Exposure Category Haemophiliac Homosexual Contact Paediatrics Other (Specify) Unknown Total Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
Notes: No risk group/exposure category available.

Persons who receive injection of blood or other fluid Into a blood vessel.

Transfusion recipient: Haemophiliac Persons who are In state of failure of the blood to clot causing excessive bleeding.

Paediatrics: The branch of medicine dealing with children's diseases.
Comments: Date by age-group and risk category not available 79 Mortality from HIVIAIDS by age, occupation, rural/urban Table -1.17 (a) Number of Deaths from AIDS by Age Group, Occupational Group and Geographical Area 1998 legislators/Senior Officials/Managers ProfessIonals Technl~ians and Associatlt Professionals Clerks SeIVIC8(incf.

Protective services) Shop and Marht Sales Work.rs IAvrlcuttural.

ForestrY and\ er,.1t and related Trades Fishery Workers Workers Plant and Machine Operator.
and Assemblers Urban r Rural Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban I Rural Age Group - - 15 -19 - - 20 -24 - - 25 -29 - - 30 ·34 - - 35·39 - - 40 -44 I~ ~ 50 ·54 - - 55·59 - - 60 -64 - - 65 ·69 - 70+ - Not Stated- Total Sex Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre.
Ministry of Health.
Comments: Data not available by occupational group ElomonlaIY I Not ""'ted OccupattOI1$ Urban I Rural I Urban TOTAl all Occupational Groups Urbln Rural Rural .. Table - 1.17 (b) Number of Deaths from AIDS by Age Group, Occupational Group and Geographical Area 1999 Legislators/Senior Officials/Managers Professionals T.chnlerans and Ass()clate Clerks Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Service(incl.
Protective services) Shop and Rural I Urban Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers Urban I Rural Craft and related Trades Worker.

I Rural Urban Plant and Machine Operators and Urban !
Rural Elementary Occupations Urban I Rural Age Group 15 -19 20 -24 25 -29 30 - 34 35 -39 40 -44 45 -49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 + Not Stated Total Sex Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total ~ Not stated TOTALaTl Occupational Groups UNK unk Source: Health Promotion & Resource centre, Ministry of Health.
Comments: Data not available by occupational group and geographical area.

Table -1.17 (c) Number of Deaths from AIDS by Age Group, Occupational Group and Geographical Area 2000 Legislators/Senior OffIclal5lManager!

Professionals Technicians and Associate Professionals Clerks Service(lncl.
Protective services) Shop and Market Sales Workers Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban I R....ral Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Agricultural, Forestry imd Fishery Workers Craft and related Trades Workers Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Age Group 15 -19 20 ·24 25 -29 30·34 35 -39 40 -44 45 -49 50 -54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 -69 70 + Not Stated Total Sex Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total CD., Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
Notes: Data not available by occupational group and geographical area.
Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers I Urban Rural Elementary Occupations Urban I Rural Not stated TUTALall Occupational Groups UNK "nk .. Table - 1.17 (d) Number of Deaths from AIDS by Age Group, Occupational Gmup and Geographical Area 2001 Age Group - - 15 - 19 - - 20 -24 - - 25 -29 - - 30 -34 - - 35 - 39 - - 40 -44 - - 45 -49 50 -54 - - 55 -59 - - 60 -64 - - 65 -69 - - 70 + - Not Stated - - Total .. ~... -PlantanOMaclline Operators and Assemblers I Urban Rural Legillators/Senior Officials/Managers Professionals Urban , Rural Urban , Rural echnic;:ians and Associate Professionals Urban I Rural Clerks Service(incl.
Protective services) Shop and Market Sales Workers Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers Craft and related Trades Workers Urban I Rural Urban J Rural Urban J Rural Urban I Rural Sex Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Elerneantary OCcupations Urban I Rural NotstaLl8d IOTJU.
alf Occupational Groups UNK 10 uok 10 Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.

Notes: Data not available by occupational group and geographical area.
Table -1.17 (e) Number of Deaths from AIDS by Age Group, Occupational Group and Geographical Area 2002 Age Group -- 15 -19 - - 20 -24 - - 25 -29 - - 30 -34 - - 35 - 39 - - 40 -44 - 45 -49 co ~.... 50·54 - - 55 - 59 - - 60 -64 - - 65 -69 - - 70 .. Not Stated -- Total Sex Legislators/Senior OfficlalalManagers Professionals Technicians and Associate Professional' Clerks Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Warne\" Men Total Service(incl.
Protective services) Shop and Market Sales Workers I Urban Rural Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers Craft and related Trades Workers Urban I Rural Urban I Rural Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers I Urban Rural Elemorrtary Occupations Urban Rural Not elated Urban Rural TOTAL.II Occupational Groups Urban I Rural Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
Notes: Data not available by occupational group.
J'J T bla e -1.18 AIDS Morta ity as a Percentage of ota Mortality T Item Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Number of deaths from AIDS Number of deaths (all other forms) Percentage of deaths from AIDS against total deaths Women I Girls Men I Boys Total Women I Girls Men I Boys Total Women I Girls Men I Boys Total 2 7 9 263 323 586 0.76 2.17 1.54 1 5 6 294 318 612 0.34 1.57 0.98 2 2 4 251 256 507 0.80 0.78 0.79 Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health.
1 9 10 249 251 500 0.40 3.59 2.00 3 6 9 283 302 585 1.06 1.99 1.54 2 10 12 258 287 545 0.78 3.48 2.20 - 85 Table -1.19 Cumulative Total of Confirmed HIV I AIDS Cases by Age Group 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 AIDS HIV AIDS HIV AIDS HIV AIDS Age Group Sex Less than 5 5 -14 15 -19 20·24 25·29 30 -34 35 - 39 40 -44 45 -49 50 -54 55 -59 60 & Over Not Stated Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Unk Total Women Men Unk Total " " HIV .. .
... .. .

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.. ... ... ... ... .

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.. ... ... ... ... ... ... Source: Health Promotion & Resource Centre, Ministry of Health.
86 Table - 1.20 Number of Births and Crude Birth Rate Category Births Mid-year Population Estimates Crude Birth Rate (per 1000 persons) Sex Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Source: Health Information Unit.
Ministry of Health & Central Statistical Office.
87 Table· 1.21 Number of Deaths and Crude Death Rate Category Deaths Mid-year Population Estimates Sex Female male Total Female male Total Crude Death Rate Female (per 1000 persons) male Total Source: Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health & Central Statistical Office.
88 Proportion of 1 year old children immunized against MMR, OPT, OPV & TB Table - 1.22 Number of Children One Year Old Immunized against Preventable Diseases Type Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 M.M.R.

Measles Mumps Rubella Total(MMR) D.P.T.

Diphtheria Pertussis /Whooping Cough Tetanus Total (OPT) Poliomyelitis (O.P.V.)

Bacilli Calmette Guerin (Tuberculosis • B.C.G.)


TOTAL (all causes) Mid Year Infant Population ( Less than 12 months) (This is a target population) Number infants who were immunized for all major diseases Immunization Coverage Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total ... ... 1329 ... ... 1329 .
... 1329 ... ... 1329 " ... ... 1331 ., .

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1331 ... .. .

1331 ... ... 1331 .. .

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1331 .. .

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1343 .. .

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1340 .. .

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1340 .

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1333 .. .

99.5 ... .. .

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1188 .

.. ... 1192 ... ... 1188 ... ... 1209 ., .

... 1188 ... ... 98.3 Source: Primary Health Care Department, Ministry of Health.
Notes: Immunization coverage Number of girls (boys) infants who were immunized for all major preventable diseases divided by total girls (boys) infants in that age group, times 100.

Comments: Population used is target population as calculated by Primary Health Care Department.

89 ., .

... 1159 ...

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... 99.6 HIV prevalence among 15-24 year old pregnant women Table - 1.23 Number of Pregnant Women I Girls with HIV by Age Group Age Group 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 15 15 ·19 20·24 25 -29 30 ·34 35·39 40 -44 45 + Total Number of pregnant women I girls HIV infected.

aged 15-24 Number of pregnant women I girls.


aged 15-24 HIV prevalence among 15-24 467 0.00 490 0.00 410 435 384 0.00 4.60 0.00 Source: Pregnant Mother to Child Coordinating Unit and Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health.
Notes: HIV prevalence among 15-24 age group Number of HIV infected pregnant women 15 - 24 divided by total number of women in that age group, times 1000 90 Table -1.24 Female Population 15 yrs.

and over by Contraceptive Use Method Oral contraceptive (pill) Injection Coil· (Inter-uterine device) Condoms Diaphragm Other (specify) - T.L.

(Tubal Ligation) Spermicide (Tablets) 1998 1206 1951 35 446 .. .

0 72 1999 1247 1839 184 376 " .


0 38 2000 2001 2002 2003 1321 1335 1389 1380 1963 1530 1628 1404 78 392 .. .

0 13 163 276 ... 51 29 42 260 ... 44 22 38 283 ... 20 12 Total 3710 3684 3767 3384 3385 3137 Female Population (15 ·49 ys.

and over) 16448 16725 16966 16905 16839 16810 Contraceptive prevalence rate 22.56 22.03 22.20 20.02 20.10 18.66 Source: Dominica Planned Parenthood Association, Ministry of Health and Central Statistical Office.
Notes: Data excludes private medical prescription Data on Condoms does not include Condoms distributed by the Dominica Planned Parenthood Association (DPPA) since condoms distributed by DPPA are predominantly used by men.

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate: Number of adult women (generally between 15 and 49 years) using some type of contraceptive.

divided by the total number of women In that age group, times 100. "
91 Number of children orphaned by HIVIAIDS Table - 1.25 Cumulative Number of Children Orphaned By HIV I AIDS Age Group Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 5 5 - 9 10 -14 Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Source: Pregnant Mother To Child Transmission Coordinating Unit and Roseau Health Centre.
92 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) -Environment Indicators Agriculture Tables 1.1 Use of fertilizers by Type and Year 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 1.2 Use of Pesticides by Type and Year 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 Biodiversity Tables 1.1 Protected Area as a percentage of Total Area 1970, 1980, 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 Energy and Minerals Tables 1.1 Energy Consumption by Type and Year 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 1.2 Number of Households by Type of Cooking 1981, 1991 and 2001 1.3 Number of Households by Type of Lighting 1981, 1991 and 2001 1.4 Minerals Production by Type 1995 and 1998 - 2004 Coastal and Marine Resources Tables 1.1 Total and Protected Marine Area 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2004 1.2 Fish Landing by Type 2000 - 2004 1.3 Fish Landings by boat days 2000 - 2004 1.4 Number of Households and Population of Coastal Area 2001 Census Environmental Health Tables 1.1 Number of Reported Cases and Incidence of Environmentally Related Diseases 1998 - 2004 Forests Tables 1.1 Protected Forest Area as a percentage of Total Land Area 1970, 1980, 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 93 Natural Disasters Tables 1.1 Natural Disasters by Year 1979, 1989, 1994, 1995, 1999 and 2004 Population and Households Table 1.1 Number of Households by Type of Dwelling 1991 and 2001 1.2 Number of Households by type of Tenure 1981, 1991 and 2001 1.3 Number of Households by Type of Materials of Outer Walls 1991 and 2001 1.4 Number of Households by Type of Material used for Roofing, 1991 and 2001 1.5 Households by Number of Bed Rooms 1981, 1991
 and 2001 1.6 Number of Households by Size of Household 1991 and 2001 Tourism Tables 1.1 Tourists, Cruise Ships Arrivals, Tourists Night Spent, Tourists Intensity And Penetration Ratio by Year 1990, 1995 and 1998- 2004 1.2 Visitor Expenditure and Number Employed in Tourism 1991 and 1997 - 2004 1.3 Number of Hotels Classified by Size, Land Area Occupied, Beds and Rooms 1999 - 2004 1.4 Tourists Arrivals By Country of Origin 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 1.5 Tourists Arrivals By Type of Accommodation 1990, 1995 and 1998 - 2004 94 Section: Environment Country: Dominica Agriculture Table: 1.1 Use of fertilizers by type and year Unit: mt Category 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.
Nitrogenous fertilizers 2.

Phosphate fertilizers 3.

Potash fertilizers 54 - 2 21 23 0.34 25 29 28 27 - - 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 92 0 22 33 116 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.59 4.

Other Mixed 8526 7089 5646 4202 3062 2501 1003 1863 3014 Total 8582 7133 5682 4231 3090 2528 1117 1896 3131 Source: Central Statistical Office.

Notes: Data refer to annual imports.

Other mixed: contains two or three nitrogenous, phosphate or potash Mt.
: Metric tonnes " 95 Table: 1.2 Use of Pesticides by type and year Category 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Unit'mt 1.

Insecticidesa 2.

Herbicidesb 3.

Fungicides.

bactericides and seed treatmentsC 4.

Plant growth regulators 5.

Rodenticidesd 6.


Others (including mineral oils) Total 472 406 384 327 193 130 114 115 131 Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: Data refer to annual imports Mt.
: Metric tonnes The following are included in the above: a: Include chlorinated hydrocarbons, organo-phosphates, carbonates.insecticides, pyrethroids, botanical products and biological, and others b: include phenoxy hormone products, triazines, amldes, carbonates-herbicides, dinitroanilines, urea derivates, sulfonyl urea, bipiridils, uracil, and others c: include inorganic, dithiocarbamates, benzimidazoles, triazoles, diazoles, diazines, morphollnes, and others d: include anti·coagulants and others .. , not available.
o less than one tonne.

96 ~ Biodiversity Table: 1.1 Protected Area as a percentage of Total Area Category 1970 1980 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.

Total Area (acres) 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 185325 2.

Protected Area (acres) 1013 31727 31987 31987 33041 33041 41283 41283 41283 41283 41283 3.

Other Protected Area (acres) - - - - 1606 1606 1606 1606 1606 1606 1606 4.
Protected Area as a % of Total Area 0.55 17.1 17.3 17.3 18.7 18.7 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 ~ Source: Fisheries and Forestry Division, Ministry of Agriculture Notes: All protected areas measured in acres except Soufriere/Scott's Head Marine Reserve measured in km' (1km' =247.1 acres) a.
A protected area adopted by the IUCN is defined as: An area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means.
It includes 6 categories which are: Category la: Strict Nature Reserve and Category Ib: Wilderness Area, Category II: National Park, Category III: Natural Monument, Category IV: Habitat/Species Management Area, Category V: Protected Landscape/Seascape, Category VI: Managed Resource Protected Area Total Area ofthe country Total area ( of country) including area under inland water bodies, but excluding offshore tenitorial waters ( =Totalland area +water) DETAILED DEFINITIONS FOR SUB CATEGORIES IS GIVEN IN THE UNSDIUNEP QUESTIONNAIRE 2004 ON ENVIRONMENT STATISTICS.
Energy and Minerals Table: 1.1 Energy Consumption by Type and Year 1.

Solids 2.

Liquids 3.

Gas Type Unit mT m3 1990 ... 1995 ... 27322 1830163 1998 ... ... 1999 ... 2000 ... 2001 ... 2002 ... 2003 ... 2004 .. .

42060 46181 43775 38751 45305 97968 000 kgs 1295 1567 2133 2699 2318 2040 2300 2147 1940 4.

Primary electricity 1000'kwH 30697 45125 57294 60594 62005 63914 64194 62735 66419 5.
Traditional fuels mT of which; 5.1 charcoal'" 5.2 fuelwood '" % % 5.3 bagasse mT ... ... 34.0 ... ... ... ... ... '" ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. .

... 4.3 11.4 ... .. .

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...

."

Source: Central Statistical Office and Dominica Electricity Services.

Notes: M3: Cubic metres Mt.

: Metric tonnes Liquids are Kerosene, Deisel and Gasolene Gases are Butane and Propane.
Data for Liquids in 1995 has been checked and validated • % of households (1990/91 and 2001 Population and Housing Census).

• % for 1990/91 represents fuelwood and coal.

98 Table·1.2 Number of Households by Type of Cooking Type of Cooking 1981 1991 2001 1.

Wood/Coal 12186 6589 3510 2.

Gas 3445 11435 18054 3.

Kerosene 4.

Electricity 5.

Other / not stated 831 69 779 990 115 245 308 67 420 TOTAL 17310 19374 22359 Source: Population and Housing Censuses, Central Statistics Office.
Table·1.3 Number of Households by Type of Lighting Type of Lighting 1.

Gas 2.

Kerosene 3.

Electricity 4.

Other / not stated 1981 ... 11286 5193 831 1991 54 3500 2001 58 1764 15337 19237 483 1300 Total 17310 19374 22359 Source: Population and Housing Censuses, Central Statistical Office Note: 1981 data for kerosene lighting was mainly due to Hurricane David's devastating effects on electrical power.

99 Table: 1.4 Minerals production by type Item Unit 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.

Gold 2.
Gold 2.

Silver 3.

Iron 4.

Aluminum 5.

Nickel kg.

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Limestone 8.

Salt 9.

Crude Oil 10.

Others (please specify) a. b. c. Source: Central Statistical Office .. .
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.. Notes: There are no reserves or production of gold, silver, iron, aluminum, nickel, limestone, salt, and crude oil.

• Only export data.
• Only export data.

100 Coastal and Marine Resources Table: 1.1 Total and protected marine area Indicator Unit 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 1.

Total marine area ha.

2.

Protected marine area acres .. .

. "

... . "

.

.. ... ... ... 2660 2660 Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture Comments: Two Marine Reserves.
Cabrits National Park (Marine Section): 1054 acres and Soufriere/Scott's Head Marine Reserve: 6.5 km 2 101 Table: 1.2 Fish landings by type Indicator 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Type 1 Reef Fishery Quantity (Tonnes) Average size (in .....) Type 2 Coastal Pelagic Fishery Quantity (Tonnes) Average size (in .....) Type 3 Offshore/large Pelagic Fishery Quantity (Tonnes) Average size (in .....) Total Quantity (Tonnes) Mean size (in .....) ., .

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525 .. .


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... - ... - ."

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403 ...

Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agricuture Table: 1.3 Fish landings by boat days Indicators 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.

Total catch (Tonnes) 2.

Number of boats days spent 495 .. .

525 .. .

641 .. .

404 ... 403 ...

Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture 102 Table: 1.4 Number of households and Population of coastal area Indicator 2001 1.
Number of households in coastal areas 4350 2.

Population in coastal areas End of Year Population Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census 25952 70401 103 Environmental Health Table -1.1 Number of Reported Cases and Incidence of Environmentally Related Diseases Cause Sex 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.

Gastroenteritis 2.

Typhoid 3.

Malaria 4.

Dengue 5.

Cholera 6.

Accidental pesticide 7.

Poisoning 8.

Diarrhea 9.

Respiratory diseases i.

Acute bronchitis ii.

Chronic sinusitis iii.


Other (specify) TOTAL CASES, all causes Source: Ministry of Health.

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39 35 74 104 Forests Table: 1.1 Protected Forest Area as a percentage of Total Land Area Unit: km 2 Category 1970 1980 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.

Total forest area 1013 14743 14743 14743 14743 14743 14743 14743 14743 14743 14743 2.

Protected forest area 3.


Protected forest area as a % of Total forest area ... ... '" '" ... ... ... ... '" ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.

Protected forest area as a % of Total land area 0.55 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 7.95 .... o UI Source: Forestry Parks and Wildlife Division.

Notes: PLEASE NOTE THAT DETAIL DEFINITIONS FOR SUB CATEGORIES IS GIVEN IN THE UNSD/UNEP QUESTIIONAIRE 2004 ON ENVIRONMENT STATISTICS, WHICH HAS BEEN CIRCULATED AMONG MEMBER STATES.
Forests Land under forestry or no land use, spanning more than 0.005km2 (0.5 hectares); with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ.

Please include mangroves and forests on wetlands according to the above height and canopy coverage.

Total Land Area Total land area excluding area under inland or tidal water bodies.
Natural Disasters Table: 1.1 Natural Disasters1 by year Item 1979 1989 1994 1995 Type of disaste~ H H Date started3 29/8/79 17/09/89 Total casualties: (number) 63042 of which: dead of which: injured of which: missing of which: homeless Total population affected4 (number).

42 3000 .. .

60000 75000 .. .

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H 27/8/95 05/9/95 1R/9/95 .

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.. 602 19527 Mean Population 77057 72055 72413 72603 71815 70417 Damage (million national currency)5 86.8 69.0 30.0 366.0 31.0 90.0 Source: Disaster Coordinating Unit and OECS Macro-socio economic assessment.

Notes: A combined assessment was done for the landslide and earthquake in 2004 since the occurrence was about the same time.

H: Hurricane, TS: Tropical Storms, ElL: Earthquake/Landslide 1.
A natural event which overwhelms local capacity, necessitating a request for national or international assistance, or is recognised as such by a multilateral agency, or by at least two sources, such as national, regional or international assistance groups and the media.

There are two types: sudden·impact disasters e.g.

earthquakes; or those that develop gradually, e.g.

drought.

2.
drought.

2.

Avalanches, floods, earthquakes, cyclones, torrential rains, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, droughts, landslides, mudslides, fires, blizzards, tsunamis, etc.

3.

For sudden·impact disasters: onset date; 4.

Covers all casualties, as well as others whose basic requirements for food, shelter, sanitation and medical, etc.

were adversely affected.

5.

Estimated value of all damages and economic losses directly related to the occurrence of the given disaster.

The economic impact be direct (e.g.


damage to infrastructure, crops, housing) or indirect (e.g.

loss of revenues, unemployment, market destabilization).

US$1.00 is equivalent to $2.7169 National Currency 106 Population and Households Table - 1.1 Number of Households by Type of Dwelling Type of Dwelling 1991 2001 1.

Undivided private house 15961 18036 2.

Part of a private house 3.

Flat/apartment / condominium 1760 642 2255 1066 4.

Townhouse 11 20 5.

Double house/duplex 6.


Combined business & dwelling 7.

Barracks 8.

Other / not stated Total 481 375 69 75 484 377 57 64 19374 22359 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses 107 Table· 1.2 Number of Households by type of Tenure Type of Tenure 1981 1991 2001 1.

Own 2.

Squatted 3.

Rent 4.


Free - rent 5. other/not stated 11300 13923 15918 118 3749 1490 653 75 3811 1367 198 145 4232 1880 184 Total 17310 19374 22359 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses Table· 1.3 Number of Households by Type of Materials of Outer Walls Type of Material 1.

Wood 2.

Concrete 3.

Wood & Concrete 4.

Stone 5.

Brick 6.

Abode 7.

Make-shift 8.

Other / not stated 1991 9786 6509 2835 25 38 . "


70 111 2001 8026 10754 3300 29 19 1 185 45 Total 19374 22359 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses 108 Table - 1.4 Number of Households by Type of Material used for Roofing Type of Roofing Material 1991 2001 1.

Sheet metal 18442 20097 2a.

Shingle - Asphalt 344 554 2b.

Shingle - Wood 2c.

Shingle - other 3.

Tile 4.

Concrete 5.

Make-shift 6.

Other (please specify)!


Don't know 41 14 7 84 40 25 454 1468 20 52 10 81 Total 19374 22359 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses 109 Table - 1.5 Households by Number of Bed Rooms Households (HH) 1981 1991 2001 1.

Households with one bed room 1808 980 1233 2.

HH with two bed rooms 6146 6074 3.

HH with three bed rooms 2461 4340 5396 6150 4.


HH with more than 3 bed rooms 6895 7980 9580 Total number of households 17310 19374 22359 Average number of bed rooms per household Average size of the household a Average number of persons per bed room .. .

4.3 .. .

.. .

3.7 ... ... 3.1 ...

Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses 110 Table - 1.6 Number of Households by Size of Household Size of household 1991 2001 1.

One person 2.

Two persons 3.

Three persons 4.

Four persons 5.


Five persons 6.

Six persons 7.

Seven persons 8.

Eight persons 9.


More than eight persons 4770 3208 2704 2565 2189 1604 994 597 743 6483 4388 3398 3045 2202 1401 710 367 365 Total number of households 19374 22359 Average size of household 3.7 3.1 Source: 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses I 111 Tourism Table: 1 - 1 Tourists, Cruise Ships Arrivals, Tourists Nights Spent, Tourists Intensity and Penetration Ratio by Year Indicator 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.
Non-residents (Visitors) 52366 68838 66969 77430 72254 68372 70886 77118 82654 2.

Non-residents (stay over) 45087 60471 65501 73506 69598 66393 69193 73190 80077 3.

Cruise passengers 6777 134921 244603 202003 239796 207627 136859 177044 383614 4.

Cruise ships arrivals (calls) 40 267 268 263 287 231 187 206 299 ..... .....

II.)

5.

No.

of tourists nights spent (Average length of stay; days) n.a n.a.

9.4 9.2 6.
9.4 9.2 6.

Tourists intensity I growth 11.13 5.26 0.07 10.66 9.2 -5.2 7.8 8.6 9.7 9.5 -4.27 3.73 5.32 9.17 7.
Tourist penetration ratio 0.63 0.83 0.91 1.02 0.97 0.94 0.98 1.04 1.13 Total Visitors 104230 264230 377073 352939 381648 342392 276938 327352 546345 Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: Tourists intensity ratio Increase in number of tourists per annum per 1 square kilometer Tourists penetration ratio Quantifies the average number of tourists per thousand inhabitants in the country at anyone time Table: 1.2 Visitor Expenditure and Number Employed in Tourism Item 1991 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 3.
Visitor expenditure (in U5$M) a 3.1 Int'l and domestic tourism expenditure 3.2 Expenditure on same-day visits 3.3 Expenditure on accommodation, meals and drinks, shopping, entertainment etc.

........ w 4.

Total directly employed in tourism: Women Men Total Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: a.

"Tourists" - including same-day visitors.

24 ... ... ... 604 224 828 39.3 46.24 50.43 47.89 46.14 45.25 52.03 60.25 .

.. ... .

.. 732 243 975 .

.. ... .

.. 714 238 952 .

.. ... ... 696 233 929 ... .


.. ... ... .

.. . "

822 286 1108 948 340 1288 41.37 46.82 0.11 0.27 .

.. 1090 405 1495 ... ... .

... " 49.1 0.18 .

.. ... " .

... Table: 1.3 Number of Hotels Classified by Size, Land Area Occupied, Beds and Rooms Item 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.

Number of hotels by size 19 19 a.

Rooms 5 and more and less than 10 b.

Rooms 10 and more and less than 25 c. Rooms 25 and more and less than 50 d. Rooms 50 and more 2.

No.
No.

of hotels by land size option 1 option 2 option 3 3.

Total number of rooms occupied 4.

Total number of beds 5.

Room occupancy rate 2 8 7 2 .. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

848 .. .

2 8 7 2 .

..

., .

.. .

.. .

.

.. 848 .. .

19 2 10 5 2 .. .

.. .

.. .

., .

.. .

897 .. .

19 2 10 5 2 ... .. .

.. .

.. .

.

, .

897 .. .

20 20 5 9 4 2 .

.. .. .

... .. .

... 897 .. .

5 9 4 2 ... ... .

.. ... ... 897 ...


Source: National Development Corporation Note: Room occupancy rate Is calculated by dividing the monthly or yearly sum of occupied rooms by the number of rooms available for use, then multiplying the quotient by 100 to expressed as a percentage.

114 Table: 1.4 Tourists Arrivals by Country of Origin Country of origin 1.

United States ...... U1 2.

Canada 3.

Europe 4.

Caribbean 6.
Other Total Source: Central Statistical Office 45087 60471 65501 73506 69598 66393 69193 73190 80077 Table: 1.5 Tourists Arrivals by Type of Accommodation Country of origin 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1.
Hotels 10406 15360 12125 13806 14245 13597 12795 13557 15259 ........ al 2.

Apartments Nillas 3.

Guest Houses 4.

Private Homes 5.

Not Stated 6.
Other (paid accommodation) Total Source: Central Statistical Office Millennium Development Goal (MDGs) - Global Partnership ANALYSIS Preliminary data for 2004 revealed that activity in the Dominican economy improved with real output increasing by approximately 3.57 per cent compared with the 0.1 percent recorded in 2003 (Table 2.2).
This improved performance was mainly influenced by the increased output in the agricultural, manufacturing, construction and tourism sectors.

However, the rate of inflation as measured by the change in the Consumer Price Index rose by 2.45 per cent compared to a 1.44 per cent increase in 2003.
Agricultural Sector After seven consecutive years of contracting, preliminary data from the agricultural sector recorded an increase of approximately 3.5 percent in real output compared to the 3.4 per cent decline in 2003.

The crops sub-sector increased by 4.29 per cent due in part to the improvements in the banana industry (Table 2.4).

Total banana export revenue increased by 22.99 per cent recording EC$19.58m, compared to EC$15.93m obtained in 2003.
An increase was also recorded in the export revenue of other agricultural crops which recorded EC$16.74m compared to EC$15.14m in 2003.

Manufacturing Sector The manufacturing sector recorded growth in real value added of 5.17 per cent.

The expansion in this sector's output for the year 2004 was mainly as a result of an increase in the production of beverages and soap.
The growth in output of beverages was largely associated with both the increased local demand and the exports of alcoholic beverage and water.

Tourism Sector Preliminary data on the tourism sector indicate signs of recovery in 2004 after recording contractions for three consecutive years.

A 11.72 per cent increase was recorded in real output for that sector in 2004.
The sharp improvements was influenced largely by the 9 per cent growth in stay-over visitors including a 7.9 per cent increase in tourist in paid accommodations.

The cruise ship industry also showed significant improvements with the number of cruise ship passengers increasing to 380, 161 from 177,044 in 2003 while the number of calls rose from 206 in 2003 to 286 in 2004.

This improvement was partly influenced by the impact of Hurricane Ivan in Grenada resulting in diversion of calls to Dominica.
Additionally, an unusual trend was noted where ships visited regularly during the off season (particularly regular weekly stops of a large ship).

Construction Sector The Construction sector expanded at a slower pace, recording an increase of 7.6 per cent compared to the 11.42 per cent recorded in 2003.

Growth in this sector was influenced In 2004, public sector by larger investments in the public and private sectors.
117 construction investment included the fisheries complex at Marigot, rehabilitation of the GuillettelPenville road and sea defences at Guelle Lion/Anse Cola and Deep Water In the private sector the number of homes started in 2004 grew by 27.35 per Harbour.

cent.
cent.

the importation of construction materials also grew significantly recording an increase of 14.21 percent In addition, Transportation and Communication Sector The transportation sector recorded a significant increase of 15.80 per cent compared to a growth of 5.37 per cent in 2003.
This performance was largely due to the increased activity in the road (visitors tours), sea and air transportation sub-sectors which reflected the expansion in the cruise industry, construction sector and the increased imports.

The value added in the communications sector increased by 5.00 per cent after three consecutive years of contraction in activity.

This performance in 2004 was due in part to the introduction of two new companies coupled with increased demand in the telecommunication market.
Government Sector The value added in the Government sector contracted by 4.77 per cent mainly due to the government's expenditure measures particularly in Wages and Salaries.

External Sector Preliminary data for 2004 revealed a widening of the current account deficit to EC$112.83m compared to a deficit of EC$79.48m experienced in the 2003.

A 13.48 percent increase was recorded in payments for imports of goods, reflecting increased imports of construction materials, petroleum products, and food products.
Exports receipts increased by 2.7 per cent largely attributed to the 22.99 per cent increase in earnings from banana exports and 10.57 per cent increase in other agricultural exports.

However, chemical and related products decreased by 27.55 per cent.

In the services from travel were estimated at EC$163.69m compared to account, gross receipts EC$141.15m attained in 2003.
This performance was a reflection of the rise in the number of tourist arrivals (9.3 per cent) and the marked increased in cruise ship visitors (114.74 per cent).

Of the key visitor markets, the largest increases were recorded in arrivals from the United States, Germany and the French West Indies.

On the capital and the financial account, capital transfers rose by 25.41 per cent with inflows of capital grants to general government to EC$55.66m in 2004.
Contributing to this increase were grants received from the Government of Japan for the continuation of the construction of a fisheries complex and the receipt of funds from the Peoples Republic of China.
Gross inflows of government loans registered EC$5 5.19m in 2004 compared to EC$49.79m in 2003. increasing by 29.68 per cent 118 External Trade Statistics • Exports Dominica's total domestic exports for 2004 were valued at $107.1 million recording an increase of2.7 percent over the 2003 value, the first increase recorded since 1998.

The major contributors to domestic exports were soaps and bananas.
Soaps: As a share of domestic exports in 2000, soaps accounted for 26.4 percent, 27.4 percent in 2001,25.3 percent in 2002,27.9 percent in 2003 and 28.1 percent in 2004.

In value terms the earnings registered 36.4 million in 2000 and $30.8 million, in 2001, reflecting a 15.4 percent decrease.

A further decrease of 12.5 percent was recorded in 2002.

However from 2003 an increase of7.9% was realized over 2002.
For 2004, soaps exports were valued at $30.1 million reflecting a slight increase of 3.5 percent over 2003's $29.1 million.

Bananas: In 2001 Banana exports were valued at $22.2 million, compared to $32.5 million in 2000 registering a significant decrease of 31.5 percent.

During 2003 the total value exported recorded $15.9 million compared to $22.0 million in 2002, reflecting a 27.5 percent decrease for that period.
For 2004 exports earnings recorded $19.6 million registering an increase of22.9 percent over the 2003 value.

Imports Total imports for 2004 were valued at $392.0 million, recording a 13.5 percent increase over 2003.

Imports ofPrincipal Items: The food import bill accounts for an average of 17.8 percent of total imports with the main items-Meat and Meat Preparation, Milk, Flour and Fish and Fish Preparations.
During 2004, 2003 and 2002, Electric Machinery, another major commodity imported under the principal items category of imports, accounted for 10.6%, 9.3%, and 7.3% respectively.

In 2001 and 2000, Machinery other than electric, was one of the major commodities imported, accounting for 10.8% and 10.5% respectively.

In 2004 this commodity accounted for 8.2 percent of imports.
Other major commodities imported in that category were Metal and their products accounting for 8.7% in 2001,6.4 percent in 2003 and 6.5 percent in 2004.

Transport equipment followed accounting for 8.5 percent in 2000, 6.1 % in 2001,6.7% in 2002,6.0% in 2003 and 6.3% in 2003.
Trading Partners: From 2000 to 2004 Dominica's main trading partners in exports were the countries of the Caribbean Region, the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and the rest of CARlCOM countries followed by the European Union.

The main trading suppliers were 119 the United States of America, the O.E.C.S.

and the rest of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM).


Recommendations • Agricultural Sector Increased production and marketing must be undertaken for non-banana agricultural crops including citrus crops.

The fonnation of a private sector led body along the lines of the Dominica Banana Producers Limited (DBPL) should be established for the purchase and distribution of non-banana agricultural crops.
Manufacturing Sector eLocate regional and international markets for increase exports of bottled water and beverages by July 2008. eOperate at least one multi product agro-processing plant by June 2012.

Tourism A flagship hotel which will attract more visitors in hotel accommodation should be considered within the next three years.
Employment / Labor Force ANALYSIS The review and comparative analyses of the labor force are based on the 1997 and 1999 Labor Force Surveys and the 1991 and 2001 Population and Housing Censuses.

The results of the 1997 and 1999 Labor Force Surveys and the 2001 Population Census recorded a steady decline in the unemployment rate from 23.1 percent in 1997 to 11.0 percent in 2001.

This interestingly corresponds to the trend of a declining labor force over the periods.
The labor force represented 40.6 percent of the population and 57.5 percent of the 15 years and over population in 2001.

In comparison to the 1991 Census the labor force represented 37.9 percent of the total population and 56.9 percent of the 15 years and over population.

The employed population decreased by 3.4 percent from 25,694 persons in 1997 to 24,811 in 2001.

This declining movement may be attributed to the effects of out migration.
Over a longer period, from the 1991 to 2001 Census the employed population moved by just about 4.0 percent (Table 1.3).

According to the 2001 Population Census women accounted for a lower unemployment rate 9.5 percent as compared to 11.9 percent for men (Table 1.2).

This reflected a reverse trend from the 1997 and 1999 Labor Force results and the 1991 Population Census which recorded a 10.5 percent unemployment rate for women and 9.6 percent for men.
120 • A striking movement of status in employment is the sharp decrease in employers particularly over the last ten years.

This "status in employment" moved from a total of 1,715 in 1991 to 1,235 in 2001 recording a 28.0 percent decrease.

Own account worker decreased by 3.1 percent over that period (Table 1.3).

On the other hand, paid employee increased by 15.6 percent moving from 14,646 to 16,932 persons.

Over the two census periods occupational groups have taken interesting turns.

(Table 1.4).
(Table 1.4).

The gap has slightly widened for the occupational group Legislators/Senior In 1991, females in this group accounted for 3.2 percent of the officials/Manager.

employed with males close enough representing 2.6 percent.

However in the 2001 Census females further edged recording 3.9 percent while males accounted for a stagnated 2.9 percent.
The gap for professionals narrowed with women professionals recording just about 0.9 percent ofthe employed in comparison to a 1.6 percent for men in 1991 while in 2001 the number of women professionals grew by 90.8 percent accounting for 1.7 percent of the employed.

In contrast male professionals increased by 30.3 percent and registered an almost equal percentage, 2.0 of the employed.
The number of technicians and associate professionals increased by 13.6 percent with a higher increase, 19.2 percent rise for women and 6.9 percent rise for men.

Of great interest is the 11.4 percent decrease in elementary occupation particularly In contrast men recorded a women, who registered a significant 21.0 percent reduction.

2.6 percent increase in this occupational group.

The agricultural group reflected fewer employed persons, recording decreases in both sexes.
Women agricultural workers decrease by 6.5 percent while men recorded a 24.0 percent decrease.

Overall a 21.9 In spite of this decline, this percent decline was registered for agricultural employees.

the largest category of employees occupational group continues to account representing 23.8 percent of the employed population in 1991 and 17.8 percent in 2001.
Legislators/Senior Percentage increases were registered for Occupational groups: Officia1/Managers, 20.3; Professionals, 52.2; Technicians Associate Professionals, 13.6; Clerks, 24.4; Service Workers, 74.4; Craft & Related, 4.8; Plant & Machine Operators, 28.9; for Percentage decreases were recorded for Agricultural Workers 21.9; and Elementary Occupation 11.4.

Of striking observation is the sharp increase in the percentage of both sexes in the services occupational group.
Women service employees increased by 72.9 percent with an almost similar increase of 76.4 for men.

This significant increase in the services occupation may be attributed to the progressive development of the tourism and manufacturing industry.

The service occupation accounted for 13.7 percent of the employed in 2001 in comparison to an 8.2 percent in 1991.

121 Women accounted for 39.5 percent of the employed in the 2001 Population Census up from 34.6 percent in the 1991 Population Census.
• Recommendations The labor market occupation indicators reflects improvements and an increase trend towards education and skills.

However since elementary occupation (although recording a sharp 11.4 percent decline) still accounts for 15.8 percent of the employed, appropriate education and skills program should be increased to target this category of workers.
The medium to long-term benefit would be to acquire the skills and education for better paying jobs or possible increase in wages thereby improving the quality of life.
122 Global Partnership for Development Indicators Economy Tables 1.1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Current and Constant Prices and GDP Growth Rate 1998-2004 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 Gross Domestic Product Per Capita 1998 - 2004 Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity, at Factor Cost in Current Prices 1997 - 2004 Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity, at Factor Cost in Constant Prices 1997 - 2004 Annual Percentage Changes in Gross Domestic Product by Sector (Current Prices) 1997 - 2004 Annual Percentage Changes in Gross Domestic Product by Sector (Constant Prices) 1997 - 2004 Balance of Payments 2000 - 2004 External Debt and Gross Domestic Product 2000 - 2004 External Trade 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 Contribution of Main Items to Domestic Exports 2000 - 2004 Total Exports by Principal Trading Partners 2000 - 2004 Imports of Principal Items 2000 - 2004 Total Imports by Principal Partners 2000 - 2004 Employment I Work I Labor Force Tables 1.1 Population - Economically Activity and Inactive and Participation Rates by Age Group 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.2 Total Labour Force, Unemployed and Unemployment Rate by Age Group 1997, 1999 and 2001 123 1.3 1.4 Employed Population by Type of Worker (Status in Employment) 1997, 1999 and 2001 Employed Population by Occupational Group 1991, 1997,1999 and 2001 1.5 Employed Population by Industrial Group 1991, 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.6 Employed Population by Geographical Area 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.7 Employed Population by Marital Status 2001 1.8 Employed Population by Number of Hours
 1997,1999 and 2001 1.9 (a-d) Population not in the Labour Force by Activity Status and Age Group 1991, 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.10 Employed Population by Educational Attainment 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.11 Employed Population by Industrial Group and Status in Employment 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.12 (a-c) Employed Labour Force by Occupational Group and Monthly Income Group 1997, 1999 and 2001 1.13 Number of Income Earners in Households by Head of Household 2001 Information and Communication Tables 1.1 Number of Cellular Subscribers 2001-2004 1.2 Number of Households with Telephone Facilities, Personal Computers in use and Internet Facilities 2001 124 SECTION: ECONOMY Country: Dominica Table -1.1 Gross Domestic Product (GOP) Current and Constant Prices and GOP Growth Rate Item 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Gross Domestic Product ($ECM Current Constant 700.51 530.71 722.84 534.11 732.15 537.51 718.60 517.35 688.10 496.60 709.65 507.44 771.02 541.90 GDP Growth rate (constant) 3.16 0.64 0.64 -3.75 -4.01 2.18 6.79 Source: Central Statistical Office and Eastern Caribbean Central Bank.
Notes: GOP at Market Prices.

$EC: Eastern Caribbean.

(1 USD is equivalent to ec$2.7169) Gross Domestic Product Gross Domestic Product (GOP) of an economy is the total value of all goods and services produced by institutional units resident in the economy within a given time period, usually one year.

GOP Growth rate The percentage change of Gross Domestic Product from one year to next year.
Table -1.2 Gross Domestic Product (GOP) Per Capita Item 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Mid Year Population estimates 72042 71814 71544 70922 70382 70352 70417 GOP per Capita (SEC$) Current Constant 9724 7367 10066 7437 10234 7513 10132 7295 9802 7052 10056 7194 10949 7696 Source: Central Statistical Office.

Notes: GOP at Market Prices.

$EC: Eastern Caribbean.

(1USO is equivalent to ec$2.7169) GOP per capita Gross Domestic Product divided by mid year population estimate in a given year.
125 Table 1.3 Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity, at Factor Cost in Current Prices (EC$M) Sector 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004P Agriculture 107.58 110.27 114.12 112.54 106.38 102.06 106.24 114.49 Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing Mining & Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity & Water Construction Wholesale & Retail Trade Hotels & Restaurants Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport Communications Bank & Insurance Real Estate & Housing Government Services Other Services Less Imputed Service Charge Total Growth Rate 4.20
621.60 607.48 575.24 581.14 612.37 3.20 5.47 4.20 1.96 -2.27 -5.31 1.03 5.37 Source: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank and Central Statistical Office, National Accounts Statistics, 2004 Notes: p: preliminary 126 Table 1.4 Gross Domestic Product by Economic Activity, at Factor Cost in Constant Prices (EC$M) Sector 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004P Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing Mining & Quarrying 86.43 67.99 7.13 3.32 7.99 3.71 84.71 82.90 81.98 76.59 76.09 73.51 76.07 66.00 63.73 62.81 57.20 56.48 53.62 55.92 7.24 3.35 8.12 3.36 7.35 3.38
Manufacturing 30.18 35.26 29.16 31.32 27.06 26.45 26.68 28.06 Electricity & Water 16.68 18.23 19.18 19.66 20.30 20.43 20.05 21.29 Construction Wholesale & Retail Trade 35.05 33.60 34.86 36.97 36.14 26.88 29.95 32.21 54.26 55.65 57.02 58.45 58.02 55.02 56.89 58.65 Hotels & Restaurants 11.25 10.80 11.26 11.70 10.83 10.47 10.15 11.34 Transport 42.99 44.52 45.12 44.68 42.22 36.70 39.03 43.53 Road Transport 24.52 24.27 24.28 25.47 23.73 19.38 22.23 25.15 Sea Transport 14.65 16.59 16.92 15.35 14.80 13.60 13.01 14.37 Air Transport 3.82 3.66 3.92 3.86 3.69 3.72 3.79 4.01 Communications 44.50 49.38 55.59 53.16 49.71 48.91 35.94 37.74 Banks & Insurance Real Estate & Housing Government Services Other Services Less Imputed Service Charge Total 431.30 443.24 450.47 456.35 437.35 415.15 415.55 430.40 Growth Rate 1.98 2.77 1.63 1.31 -4.16 -5.08 0.10 3.57 Source: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank and Central Statistical Office, National Accounts Statistics, 2004 Notes: p: preliminary 127 TABLE 1.5 Annual Percentage Changes in Gross Domestic Product by Sector (Current Prices) Sector 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004P Agriculture Crops
 Livestock Forestry Fishing Mining & Quarrying Manufacturing 0.55 -1.24 5.73 1.44 14.67 4.95 7.25 2.50 1.88 1.64 0.85 9.59 -9.02 3.49 3.73 1.49 0.84 3.89 5.83 -1.38 -1.70 0.98 0.84 -1.22 6.53 -5.47 -7.14 0.97 1.10 1.42 0.38 20.15 -2.97 10.43 -17.10 Electricity & Water 11.06 11.56 14.53 Construction -1.71 -2.92 5.81 1.28 6.60 6.28 0.40 -4.06 -5.47 0.96 0.82 1.40 4.10 4.72 1.20 0.27 3.12 7.77 9.44 0.95 0.29 3.02 -25.19 17.45 14.64 -1.31 2.39 4.45 -0.03 6.22 6.50 -25.29 17.60 14.64 Wholesale & Retail Trade 4.96 3.56
 3.66 3.39 1.10 -5.00 5.01 5.48 Hotels & Restaurants Transport Road Transport 2.98 -2.02 1.49 1.97 4.07 -1.01 Sea Transport -7.67 13.26 4.26 3.66 0.04 6.41 Air Transport 3.04 -4.01 12.53 Communications 12.89 10.97 Bank & Insurance -2.89 9.93 5.38 4.55 4.89 0.28 4.94 -5.72 -3.19 -2.65 14.41 -8.26 -14.45 7.77 -6.89 -18.30 14.71 -4.15 -10.27 -9.90 -0.91 -4.69 -8.21 2.02 -7.17 -11.70 9.00 -7.32 -10.67 -34.23 0.01 -7.57 1.25 Real Estate & Housing Government Services Other Services Less Imputed Service Charge 3.46 3.97 1.96 3.01 2.01 2.44 2.00 2.87 4.44 8.71 7.08 3.22 4.19 4.45 0.53 5.49 4.53 3.63 4.83 -3.95 -0.38 -4.57 18.40 0.35 3.59 0.20 -4.79 -6.17 12.25 Total Source: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank and Central Statistical Office, National Accounts Statistics, 2004 -2.27 -5.31 1.96 3.20 5.47 4.20 1.03 5.37 Notes: p: preliminary 128 13.16 15.79 10.57 8.49 8.12 7.04 2.00 -2.97 2.00 TABLE 1.6 Annual Percentage Changes in Gross Domestic Product by Sector (Constant Prices) Sector 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004P Agriculture Crops Livestock Forestry Fishing -1.49 -2.72 1.57 1.53 5.69 -1.99 -2.93 1.54 0.90 1.63 Mining & Quarrying 3.92 -9.43 -2.14 -3.44 1.52 0.90 3.94 3.87 2.51 7.47 -1.71 16.83 -17.30 9.29 -4.14 5.21 3.75 -1.11 -1.44 0.95 0.89 -1.18 6.02 7.41 2.50 6.05 -6.57 -8.93 0.94 0.88 1.44 -0.65 -1.26 0.93 0.87 1.42 -3.39 -5.06 1.20 0.29 2.10 -2.43 -25.48 11.34 -13.60 3.26 -2.25 0.64 0.87 -1.86 -2.25 -25.62 11.42 Manufacturing Electricity & Water Construction
 Wholesale & Retail Trade Hotels & Restaurants Transport Road Transport Sea Transport Air Transport Communications Bank & Insurance Real Estate & Housing Government Services Other Services Less Imputed Service Charge 2.49 2.56 2.46 2.51 -0.74 -5.17 3.40 1.99 -0.23 1.49 -3.75 2.96 12.89 -4.24 1.02 2.87 2.00 -4.00 3.56 -1.02 13.24 -4.19 10.97 8.03 1.95 5.52 3.92 -4.01 18.41 4.26 1.35 0.04 1.99 7.10 12.58 6.76 3.91 -0.98 4.90 -9.28 -1.53 -4.37 0.26 1.97 1.03 0.23 3.09 0.41 4.45 -0.50 2.00 -7.44 -5.51 -6.83 -3.58
 -4.40 -6.49 -3.28 0.96 4.60 2.68 8.49 -3.32 -13.07 -18.33 -8.11 0.81 -1.61 -5.78 0.95 3.47 4.56 -3.06 6.35 14.71 -4.34 1.88 -26.52 3.64 2.00 -1.98 -1.87 3.48 4.29 0.95 0.29 2.00 7.55 5.17 6.18 7.55 3.09 11.72 11.53 13.14 10.45 5.80 5.00 6.65 2.00 -1.24 2.00 2.92 -16.00 11.48 Total Source: Eastern Caribbean Central Bank and Central Statistical Office, National Accounts Statistics, 2004 1.98 2.77 -4.16 1.63 1.31 -5.08 0.10 3.57 Notes: p: preliminary 129 Table 2.1 Balance of Payments Items EC$m Credit 2000 Debit Net Credit 2001~ Debit Net Credit 2002~ Debit Net Credit 2003 Debit Net Credit 2004~ Debit Net CURRENT ACCOUNT 470.54 632.05 (161.51) 403.89 538.13 (134.24) 395.36 513.92 (118.56) 381.18 485.91 (104.73) 422.66 578.35 (155.69) GOODS AND SERVICES 390.18 494.32 (104.14) 327.37 447.52 (120.15) 332.95 421.83 (88.88) 319.51 401.07 (81.56) 352.07 470.00 (117.93) A GOODS MERCHANDISE (f.o.b.)
Domestic Re-exports REPAIR ON GOODS GOODS PROCURED IN PORTS BY CARRIERS 147.82 144.67 137.53 7.14 0.02 3.13 352.05 352.05 352.05 --- 0.00 0.00 (204.23) (207.38) (214.52) 7.14 0.02 3.13 119.86 117.21 11172 5.49 0.03 2.62 312.42 312.42 312.42 ------ 0.00 0.00 (192.56) (195.21) (200.70) 5.49 0.03 2.62 117.76 115.20 106.33 8.87 0.02 2.54 276.35 276.35 276.35 --.--- 0.00 0.00 (158.59) (161.15) (170.02) 8.87 0.02 2.54 110.73 10800 104.28 3.72 0.00 2.73 283.10 283.10 283.10 ----- 0.00 0.00 (172.37) (175.10) (178.82) 3.72 0.00 2.73 115.67 111.54 106.90 4.64 0.00 4.13 344.88 344.88 344.88 ------ 0.00 0.00 (229.21) (23334) (237.98) 4.64 0.00 4.13 B.
SERVICES 242.36 14227 100.09 207.51 135.10 72.41 215.19 145.48 69.71 208.78 117.97 90.81 236.40 125.12 111.28 TRANSPORTATION Sea Transport Air Transport y o Other Transport TRAVEL INSURANCE SERVICES Freight Insurance Life Insurance General Insurance Re-Insurance Insurance Agents Commissions OTHER BUSINESS SERVICES Communications Construction Services Legal and Accountancy Services Management and Consultancy Fees Computer and Information Services Royalties.
Licence and Fees Other Business Services GOVERNMENT SERVICES Resident Government Foreign Government Other (39.72) (23.07) (16.65) 16.58 13.99 2.59 54.05 35.50 18.55 (37.47) (21.51 ) (15.96) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 106.00 (3.49) (7.29) (1.27) 1.56 (2.43) 5.94 44.51 34.98 (1.37) 2.44 (3.95) 0.00 (0.24) 12.66 (7.21) 3.23 1.30 (11.73) (5.55) (7.02) (0.59) 0.39 (3.34) 5.00 19.07 10.41 (4.60) 1.00 (4.93) 0.00 (0.29) 17.48 (4.18) 1.26 1.21 (666) 14.60 12.70 1.90 0.00 123.32 5.62 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.22 5.32 66.80 40.23 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.35 4.85 3.66 1.19 0.00 49.83 31.40 18.43 (35.23) (18.71 ) (16.53) 13.33 11.15 2.18 51.22 32.17 19.05 (37.89) (21.02) (16.88) 16.43 14.24 2.19 59.24 39.19 20.05 (42.81) (24.95) (17.86) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 000 24.61 13.56 6.28 0.76 2.99 3.53 0.00 46.61 32.88 2.43 0.02 4.96 0.00 0.33 5.98 10.87 2.38 0.00 8.49 98.71 (7.94) (6.20) (0.76) (2.99) (331) 5.32 20.19 7.35 (2.43) 0.20 (4.96) 0.00 (033) 20.37 (602) 1.28 1.19 (8.49) 141.15 5.37 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.08 4.75 46.31 19.31 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.78 2.62 1.35 1.27 0.00 24.10
 11.50 6.43 0.80 0.95 3.31 0.00 20.68 4.95 2.33 0.02 4.80 0.00 0.17 8.41 10.47 2.16 0.00 8.31 117.06 (6.13) (6.43) (0.80) (0.41 ) (3.23) 4.75 163.69 3.50 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.49 25.63 14.36 (233) 0.20 (4.80) 0.00 (0.17) 18.37 (7.85) (0.81) 1.27 (8.31) (10.45) (7.81) (1.14) (1.46) (3.52) 3.49 26.24 17.93 (0.90) 0.21 (7.69) 0.00 (0.22) 16.91 (0.62) 0.83 1.28 (2.74) Table 2.1 (cont'd.)
Balance of Payments Items EC$m Credit 2000~ Debit Net Credit 2001~ Debit Net Credit Debit Net Credit 2002~ 2003 Debit Net Credit 2004~ Debit Net C.INCOME 12.62 118.77 (106.15) 9.64 70.89 (61.25) 7.40 73.90 (66.50) 6.01 63.65 (57.64) 8.26 91.25 (82.99) COMPENSATION OF EMPLOYEES 1.75 0.01 1.74 3.76 0.00 3.76 1.53 0.00 1.53 1.68 0.00 1.68 2.20 0.00 2.20 INVESTMENT INCOME Direct Investment Income on Equity Distributed Branch Profits Reinvested Eamings Income on Debt (interest) Portfolio Investment ECCB Investment Income Other Profits and Dividends/l General Governmentll RGSM Other ECCU Other Private Sector RGSM Other Other Investment Interest on Government Transactions Central Government Government Guaranteed Arrears Other 10.87 1.12 1.12 1.12 0.00 0.00 118.76 89.20 87.72 48.49 39.24 1.48 (107.89) (88.08) (86.60) (47.37) (3924) (1.48) 1.49 1.47 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.26 0.30 0.12 0.18 0.00 7.96 10.06 - 10.06 10.06 0.00 0.00 10.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.50 8.16 4.54 3.12 0.50 11.34 (8.57) 1.47 (10.04) (10.04) 0.00 0.00 (1004) 0.00 0.00 0.00 (11.24) (7.86) (4.42) (2.94) (0.50) (3.38) 5.88 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.90 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.77 1.48 1.34 0.14 0.00 3.29 70.89 44.35 43.60 18.70 24.90 0.75 12.24 --- 12.24 12.24 0.00 0.00 12.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.30 10.20 6.34 3.86 0.00 4.10 (65.01) (44.17) (43.42) (18.51) (24.90) (0.75) (11.31) 0.90 (12.21) (12.21) 0.00 0.00 (1221) 0.00 0.00 0.00 (9.53) (8.72) (5.00) (372) 0.00 (0.81) 5.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 1.10 0.20 0.20
 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.57 1.15 0.99 0.16 0.00 3.42 73.90 42.65 41.17 13.72 27.45 1.48 12.22 - - 12.22 12.22 0.00 0.00 12.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.03 12.24 6.56 3.98 1.70 6.79 (68.03) (42.65) (41.17) (1372) (27.45) (1.48) (10.92) 1.10 (12.02) (12.02) 0.00 0.00 (12.02) 0.00 0.00 0.00 (14.46) (1109) (557) (3.82) (1.70) (3.37) 4.33 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 1.15 1.10 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.00 3.07 0.25 0.00 0.25 0.00 2.82 63.65 36.17 35.25 7.69 27.56 0.92 11.76 - 11.76 11.76 0.00 0.16 11.60
 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.72 11.27 6.90 4.37 0.00 4.45 (59.32) (36.06) (35.25) (7.69) (27.56) (0.81) (1061) 1.10 (11.71) (11.73) 0.00 (0.16) (11.57) 0.02 0.02 0.00 (12.65) (11.02) (6.90) (4.12) 0.00 (163) 6.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.15 0.03 5.88 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.00 5.66 91.25 52.28 51.68 13.39 38.29 0.60 15.27 - 15.27 15.27 0.00 0.12 15.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.70 18.76 12.33 4.63 1.80 4.94 (85.19) (52.28) (51.68) (13.39) (38.29) (0.60) (15.09) 0.00 (15.09) (15.27) 0.00 (0.12) (15.15) 0.18 0.15 0.03 (1783) (18.54) (12.33) (4.42) (1.80) 0.71 D. CURRENT TRANSFERS 67.74 18.96 48.78 66.88 19.72 47.16 55.01 18.19 36.82 55.66 21.19 34.47 62.33 17.10 45.23 GENERAL GOVERNMENT OTHER SECTORS Workers' Remittanoes Other Transfers 28.08 39.66 34.76 4.90 7.98 10.98 0.02 10.96 20.11 28.68 34.74 (6.05) 23.55 43.33 34.96 8.37 7.55 12.17 0.02 12.15 16.00 31.16 34.95 (3.78) 10.39 44.62 37.51 7.11 7.59 10.60 0.02 10.58 2.80 34.02 37.49 (3.47) 8.61 47.05 38.30 8.75 7.59 13.60 0.02 13.59 1.02 33.45 38.28 (4.83) 3.99 58.34 49.84 8.50 8.35 8.75 0.02 8.74 (4.35) 49.59 49.82 (0.23) CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNT 237.03 58.03 179.00 187.70 63.88 123.82 195.54 91.71 103.83 228.73 129.54 99.19 214.98 114.82 100.16 A.
CAPITAL ACCOUNT 33.50 4.10 29.40 48.88 0.35 48.53 55.67 0.34 55.33 51.05 0.35 50.70 72.80 0.36 72.44 CAPITAL TRANSFERS General Government Capital Grants Debt Forgiveness Other Other Sectors Migrants' Transfers Other ACQUISITION I DISPOSAL OF NONPRODUCED NONFINANCIAL ASSETS 0.00 3.76 (3.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Table 2.1 Balance of Payments Items EC$m B.
FINANCIAL ACCOUNT DIRECT INVESTMENT Abroad (outward) In Reporting Economy (inward) EqUity Reinvesled Earnings Land Sales Other PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT Assets General Governmentll RGSM Other ECCU Other Private Sector RGSM Other Liabilities /2 General Government/l RGSM Other ECCU Other Private Sector RGSM Other OTHER INVESTMENTS Loans Central Government Government Guaranteed Arrears Commercial Banks Other Assets Other Liabilities ~ Credit 2000" Debit Net Credit 2001" Debit Net Credit 2002" Debit Net Credit 2003" Debit Net Credit 2004" Debit Net (6.44) 36.80 (1.09) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (1.09) 0.00 (1.09) 37.89 30.25 0.00 0.00 30.25 7.64 0.00 7.64 65.30 26.59 16.77 9.82 0.00 53.17 (2814) -- - -
53.38 12.51 4.91 6.80 0.80 26.98 13.77 0.13 - - 9.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.34 5.00 39.67 0.00 39.67 23.35 24.90 0.07 (8.65) (0.62) 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 (0.65) (0.65) 0.00 0.00 (0.65) 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.24 60.64 44.92 16.52 (0.80) (26.98) (13.59) 16.17 19.76 9.34 (934) 0.00 0.00 0.00 (4.34) (500) - - - 38.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 38.52 47.76 0.00 47.76 20.36 27.45 0.07 (0.12) 32.69 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 32.66 28.35 0.00 5.41 22.94 4.31 0.00 4.31 (31.95) 35.28 26.56 9.72 (1.00) (64.93) (7.58) 5.27 48.58 33.85 (33.85) 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.67 (38.52) 79.70 0.00 79.70 31.65 27.56 1.02 19.47 11.54 1.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.71 0.00 1.
71 9.83 6.67 0.00 0.00 6.67 3.16 0.00 3.16 86.44 45.36 33.46 11.90 0.00 0.00 30.22 10.86 - --- 7.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 6.04 78.43 0.00 78.43 31.65 27.56 0.95 18.27 4.36 (5.47) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (5.47) 0.00 (5.47) 9.83 6.67 0.00 0.00 6.67 3.16 0.00 3.16 (34.30) 27.48 24.35 4.53 (1.40) (92.15) 19.90 10.48 12.88 7.34 (734) 0.00 0.00 0.00 (1.30) (6.04) -- (3.12) (2.67) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (2.67) 0.00 (2.67) (0.45) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (0.45) 0.00 (0.45) 106.33 21.07 9.96 8.01 3.10 72.57 12.29 0.39 (33.29) 28.72 31.53 0.29 (3.10) (72.57) (11.11 ) 21.67 - 36.97 (1856) 18.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.80 14.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NET ERRORS AND OMISSIONS - - (16.21) OVERALL BALANCE FINANCING Change in Arrears Change in SDR Holdings Change in Reserve Position with the IMF Change in Government Foreign Assets Change in Imputed Reserves 5.94 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 5.91 7.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.22 0.00 1.28 (1.28) 0.00 0.03 0.00 (7.22) 5.91 Source: Centra' Statistical OffIce and
 Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Notes: R. Reylsed F ~ Forecasted (Projected) e • Esthnat4lld P - Preliminary Comments: data may not add up due to rounding Table 2.2 External Debt, Gross Domestic Product 2000 - 2004 EC$m External Debt: Item 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Central Government 307.5 358.2 418.6 458.3 429.4 Government Guarantee 97.5 113.9 125.5 123.7 134.0 Gross Domestic Product (market prices) 732.15 718.60 688.10 709.65 771.02 Exports of goods and non-factor services 390.18 327.37 332.95 319.52 352.07 Imports of goods and non-factor services 494.31 447.54 421.82 401.06 470.00 Source: Ministry of Finance and Planning and Central Statistical Office.
133 Values in $'000 MAIN ITEMS Soaps; cakes.

bars I tablets Bananas Toothpaste Pumice sand and aggregate Disinfectant Paints and Vamishes Plantains Pepper and other sauce preparations Bay oil liquid detergents and other detergents Dishwashing liquids w ".
Dasheen Oranges Avocadoes Yams Grapefruit ~conuts Fruit juices Pumpkins Tannias Hot pepper Polishes Candles TObacco, cigars and cigarettes Footwear Sweet potatoes Mineral and spring water Christophine Ginger Pineapples Passionfruit Mangoes Egg plants SUBTOTAL OTHER PRODUCTS TOTAL DOMESTIC EXPORTS Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: T.D.E.

: Total Domestic Exports.

Table 3.1 Contribution of Main Items to Domestic Exports 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 VALUE "I.ofT.D.E.

VALUE %ofT.D.E.

VALUE %ofT.D.E.


VALUE "I.ofT.D.E.

VALUE %ofT.D.E.
104,282
107,051 96.9 3.1 100,799 3,483 100.0 104,282 96.7 3.3 100.0 101,781 4,546 106,327 95.7 4.3 107,208 5,326 95.3 4.7 133,167 4,353 100.0 112,534 100.0 137,520 96.8 3.2 100.0 Table 3.2 Total Exports by Principal Trading Partners Values in ec$'OOO COUNTRIES I REGION 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 VALUE % ofT.E.
VALUE % ofT.E.

VALUE %ofT.E.

VALUE % ofT.E.

VALUE %ofT.E.

O.E.C.S.

22,946 20.5 21,576 20.0 20,242 17.6 22,224 18.8 24,501 16.9 Rest of CARlCOM 47,211 42.2 47,117 43.6 44,024 38.2 49,328 41.8 59,383 41.0 13.8 14,116 13.1 13,491 11.7 14,744 12.5 17,889 12.4 Caribbean Countries Guadeloupel SI.

Barthelemy Dominican Republic Puerto Rico SI.

Martin SI.
Martin SI.

Maarten U.S. Viroin Islands Haiti Martinique Other Caribbean Central and South America Venezuela Mexico Other Central & South America North America U.S.A. Canada European Union United Kingdom Ireland Netherlands(Holiand) France Denmark Belgium Italy Federal Republic of Germany Other E.U.

Other Europe Africa Asia Japan Other Asia Oceania 15,467 10,118 116 895 2,491 830 148 623 246 352 329 23 3,439 3,343 96 20,059 20,056 3 - - .

.
.

222 220 2 9.1 0.1 0.8 - 2.2 0.7 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.0 3,1 3.0 0.1 8,602 138 1,333 2,076 709 1,060 198 - 2 2 4,916 4,689 227 17.9 17.9 16,816 16,800 16 - 0.0 · · 0.2 0.2 0.0 · 1,800 43 43 8.0 0.1 1.2 - 1.9 0.7 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 4,6 4.3 0.2 15.6 15.6 - 0.0 - - 1.7 0.0 0.0 6,406 119 1,322 30 2,852 1,126 1,346 290 19 5 14 8,194 7,996 198 25,568 25,550 - 12 6 .
107 72 35 5.6 0.1 1.1 0.0 2.5 1.0 1.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.1 6.9 0.2 22.2 22.2 0.0 - 0.0 - - - 0.1 0.1 0.0 7,731 120 1,574 875 2,056 971 235 1,037 145 303 203 2 98 5,196 4,716 480 24,775 24,766 - 9 - .

.

19 15 4 - - 0.0 - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 6 - - 32 6 .

.
.

- 4 1 3 9 6.9 0.1 1.7 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.3 5.1 5.0 0.1 24.0 24.0 I - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other Countries 2,204 2.0 1,980 1.8 532 0.5 199 0.2 Total Exports 111,750 100.0 108,002 100.0 115,192 100.0 118,026 100.0 144,673 100.0 Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: T.E,: Total Exports O.E.C.S.
: Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States CARICOM: Caribbean Community 135 Values in ecS'OOO MAIN ITEMS Meat and Meat Preparations Milk Butter Cheese and curd Fish and Fish Preparations Rice Flour; wheat Raw Sugar (beet/cane) Animal Feed Margarine and Lard Non - Alcoholic Beverages Alcoholic Beverages Wood and Lumber Gasoline Illuminating and Other Kerosene Diesel oil Liquefied Propane and Butane Gas Medical and Pharmaceutical Products Manures Corrugated Cartons, Boxes and Cases BUilding Cement Metal and their products Machinery other than electric Machinery, electric Transport Equipment Clothing Footwear SUB·TOTAL .... w en Table 4.1 Imports of Principal Items 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 VALUE % of T.I.
VALUE %ofT.I.

VALUE %ofT.I.

VALUE % of T.I.

VALUE % of T.!.
OTHER IMPORTS 136,472 34.8 128,385 37.2 114,941 36.6 129,502 TOTAL IMPORTS 392,031 100.0 345,449 100.0
 314,048 100.0 355,022 36.5 .
100.0 Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: T.I.

: Total Imports 145,485 400,952 100.0 Table 4.2 Total Imports by Principal Trading Partners Values in ec$'OOO COUNTRIES!

REGION 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 VALUE % ofT.I.

VALUE %ofT.!.

VALUE % ofT.I.

VALUE % ofT.!.

VALUE %ofT.1.

O.E.C.S.

21,449 5.5 17,451 5.1 20,221 6.4 17,000 4.8 20,386 5.1 Rest of CARICOM 95,524 24.4 87,041 25.2 75,271 24.0 81,552 23.0 87,948 21.9 Caribbean Countries 16,980 Puerto Rico Guadeloupe!

51.
51.

Barthelemy Dominican Republic 51.

Martin 51.

Maarten Martinique U.S. Virgin Islands Curacao Other Caribbean Central and South America Venezuela Mexico Other central &South America North America U.S.A. Canada European Union United Kingdom Ireland Netherlands(Holiand) France Denmark Belgium Italy Federal Republic of Germany Other E.U.
Other Europe Africa Asia Japan China Other Asia Oceania 154
Other Countries 392,031 100.0 345,449 100,0 314,048 100.0 355,022 100.0 400,952 100.0 Total Imports 392,031 100.0 345,449 100.0 314,048 100.0 355,022 100.0 400,952 100.0 Source: Central Statistical Office Notes: T.I.
: Total Imports O.E.C.S.

: Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States CARICOM: Caribbean Community 137 Employment I Work I Labor Force Table • 1.1 Population· Economically Activity and Inactive and Participation Rates by Age Group Age Group Sex ~ ~ ~ 0 0:;:; u.

.. S .B" ~ .. .. ~:e" ...lc.

~ 0 .. ~~ ... 1997 Economically 1999 Economically ~ 0 ~~ ... a ... ~ ~ ~ g ~ 0 u.

.... ~~ .. .2-,S o , 5.!l l!
.. .. ... c. ... .01: 0 ...l C. ~ 0 .. .~ U « .2: U .E ~ > ~ « ~ .~ ~ .E - - ~ Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 1 0:0 Women 125683 15298 10384 59.6 24958 13604 11352 54.5 74.9 25980 19624 6357 1 75.5 Men 67.3 50938 33228 17709 65.0 1 Total 27.4
24176 18119 6057 49859 33417 16441 0 0 2001 Economically ~ ~ > ~ « ... c. - .
0 .2: ~ .E - .

.

0 0 24027 10832 13195 24260 17033 7227 48287 27865 20422 ~ ~ l ~i; .... jEt!
...l c. - .

0.0 45.1 70.2 57.6 15 -19 20 ·24 25·29 30 ·34 35·39 40 ·44 45 -49 50 ·54 55 - 59 60 ·64 65 & over Not stated Total Population 15+ Source: Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Census.
Notes: Economically active population =Labour Force Population (total of employed and unemployed) Population 15+ =Economically active + Inactive population Inactive population =Persons who are not in the labour force Age-specific Labour Force Participation Rate is defined as economically active population of speciafic age group divided by total population of the corresponding age group, times 100.
COMMENTS: The population recorded In the 1997 and 1999 Labor Force Surveys were estimates before the 2001 Population and Housing Census.

However thes.

estimates were revised (based on the 2001 Population and Housing Census) In the Population and Family Indicators.
138 Table ·1.2 Total Labour Force, Total Unemployed and Unemployment Rate by Age Group Age Group Sex 15 -19 25 - 29 30 -34 35 - 39 20 -24 Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 65 & over Women 40 -44 45 -49 50 - 54 55·59 60 - 64 Men Total Not stated Women Men Total 1997 .., .. .. - >- - 0 - Co ~ ~ c: ::> :; 0 .&:I .. .. u ...J ~ :i!~ 0 .... .. E E >- .. .9- ~~ Q) c: ::> :; 0 .&:I .. j ~ :i!~ 0 .... .
- 0 E E >- .. 1999 .. .., .. Co %e .. II c: ::> >- - 0 « l - - o E .... c: ::> - - - - 0.0 2001 .. .., .. E .. - E >- - 0 >- .. Co ~E - ~ ~ E c: c: ::> ::> Q) - - a .
- .

:; 0 .c .. .. U ...J ~ 0 ~l.L 0 .... - - a Total Population 15+ Women Men Total 15299 18119 33418 4165 3559 7724 27.2 19.6 23.1 13604 19624 33228 2642 2564 5206 19.4 13.1 15.7 10832 17033 27865 1024 2030 3054 9.5 11.9 11.0 Source: 1997, 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Census.
Notes: Labour Force Population = Total Employed + Total Unemployed population (for the last week) Age-specific Umemployemnt rate is defined as total unemployed of the specific age group divided by total labour Force population of the corresponding age group, times 100.
139 Table -1.3 Employed Population by Type of Worker (Status in Employment) Type of Worker (Status in Emolovment) Paid Employee Employer Own Account Worker Unpaid Worker Learner/Apprentice Not stated TOTAL all Types of Worker Sex Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 1991 5813 8833 1997 7891 8954 1999 7192 9218 2001 7416 9516 14646 16854 16410 16932 378 1337 1715 1674 4564 6238 239 461 700 ... '" ... Source: 1997, 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 1991 and 2001 Population Censuses.
140 Table -1.4 Employed Population by Occupational Group Occupational Group Sex 1991 1997 1999 2001 Legislators/Senior Officials/Managers Professionals Technicians and Associate Professionals Clerks Service (inc!.
Armed/Defense Force), Shop and Market Sales Workers Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers Craft and Related Workers Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers Elementary Occupations Not stated TOTAL all Occupational Groups Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Source: 1997, 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 1991 and 2001 Population Censuses.
%ofTotal Employed for Table· 1.5 Employed Population by Industrial Group Industrial Group Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity, Gas and Water Construction Wholesale and Retail Trade Hotels and Restaurants Transport, Storage and Communication Financing, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services Public Administrative and Defense, Social Security Community, Social and Personal Services Other Services (Specify) Not stated TOTAL all Industrial Groups Sex Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 1532
166 1046 293 415 708 8248 15575 23823 1997 1532 4571 6103 ... ... .. .
Source: 1997, 1999 Labor Force Surveys 1991 and 2001 Population Censuses.

Notes: for 2001 Data.


(1) Education and Health Is grouped as, Community, Social and Personal Services.

(2) Other Services is taken as Other Services and Private Households with Employed Persons.

142 Table - 1.6 Employed Population by Geographical Area Area Sex 1997 1999 2001 Urban Rural Women Men Total Women Men Total TOTAL all areas Women Men Total ... .

, .

.. .

.. .

.. .

... 11134 14560 25694 ... ...

., .

... ... ... 10962 17060 28022 .

.. ... .

.. .

.. .

.. .


.. 9808 15003 24811 Source: 1997,1999 labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Census.
143 Table - 1.7 Employed Population by Marital Status Marital Status 2001 WOMEN Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated Total Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated Total MEN TOTAL Married Widowed Divorced Separated Never married Not stated TOTAL 3387 215 127 52 5914 113 9808 5248 93 145 42 9286 189 15003 8635 308 272 94 15200 302 24811 Labour Force Particpation Rates of Heads of Household ...

Source: 2001 Population Census.


144 Table· 1.8 Employed Population by Number of Hours No.

of Hours per week Sex 1997 1999 2001 1 - 8 9 - 16 17 - 24 25 - 32 33 .
40 41 - 48 49 + Not Stated TOTAL Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total ... ... Source: 1997, 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Census.
145 Table· 1.9(a) Population not in the Labour Force by Activity Status and Age group 1991 Al e GrOUD Inactivity Group Sex Home Duties Student Retired Disabled Other not specified Not stated Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total TOTAL Not in Labour Force Women Men Total Source: 1991 Population Census.

.

.... "" .... Ltl 966 303 1269 1609 1225 2834 0 0 0 37 46 83 15 25 40 32 124 156 2659 1723 4382 "<t N .

0 N N . ""

Ltl N "<t M .


0 M OJ M Il'l M 756 64 820 7 2 9 0 0 0 35 56 91 0 10 10 12 36 48 810 168 978 ~ .

0 "<t OJ "<t .

Ltl "<t "<t 10 .

0 Ltl OJ Il'l .

Ltl Il'l "<t lQ .

0 lQ + .


Ltl lQ 'C .

.
.

CIl 0.- z:l III .. ii 0 .... .. Table· 1.9(b) Population not in the Labour Force by Activity Status and Age group 1997 Age Group ;:l; .

0 It'I en It'I .

It'I It'I ~ .

0 lQ en lQ .

It'I lQ en , "'" It'I "'" .. .

.. .

... .. .

.. .

.

.. .. .

.. .

.. .

.

, .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.. .

.

.. ... .. .

.. .

242 174 416 ...

., .

.. .


.. .

... .. .

., .

.. .

... ... .. .

.. .

.. .

... ... .

.. .. .

.. .

302 130 432 ... .. .

.. .

.

.. .. .

.. .

.

..

., .

... .

.. ... .. .

.. .

.. .

... ... ... ... 570 260 830 .. .

... .

.. ... .. .

... ... ... .. .

.. .

.. .

... .

..

., .

.. .

.. .

.

.. ... 958 487 1445 ... .

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594 21 615 " 148 Table -1.9(d) Population not in the Labour Force by Activity Status and Age group 2001 Inactivity Group Sex Home Duties Student Retired Disabled Other not specified Not stated Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total TOTAL Not In Labour Force Women Men Total Source: 2001 Populallon Census.

.

;Z 0 III 437 77 514 1 0 1 417 323 740 61 51 112 3 3 6 7 5 12 926 459 1385 . '"
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III III Table· 1.10 Employed Population by Educational Attainment Educational Attainment Sex 1997 1999 2001 No Education (incl.
No education plus Women training and pre-primary) PRE-PRIMARY PRIMARY Less than Standard 4 Standard 4 and over SECONDARY No subjects Passed 1 - 4 CXC/GCE '0' Level subjects Passed 5 or more CXC/GCE '0' Level subjects Passed 1 or more GCE/CAPE 'A' Level subjects Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total No subjects passed plus training Women Passed 1 ·4 CXC/GCE '0' Level subjects plus training Passed 5 or more CXC/GCE '0' Level SUbjects plus training Passed 1 or more GCE/CAPE 'A' Level subjects plus training UNIVERSITY Without having a degree With Degree I Diploma I Certificate Other Levels of Educational Attainment not specified Not stated TOTAL all Educational Levels Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 343 477 820 18 129 147 ... ... ... ... ' " ... 6583 10440 17023 2606 1768 4374 ... ... ' " ... ... ... 620 589 1209 '" ... ... ... ... ... 329 355 684 ... ... ... '" ... ... 485 884 1169 ... ... ... ... ... ... 131 50 181 19 68 67 11134 14580 25694 451 83 911 1382 61 127 188 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5799 11358 17157 3074 2606 5680 ... ... ... ... ... ... 635 869 1504 ... ... ... ... ... ... 574 403 977 ' " ... .. .
... '" ... 348 678 1026 ' " ... ... ... ... ... 20 85 105 0 22 22 10962 17080 28022 298 379 9 9 18 ., .

... ... 258 890 1148 4198 9157 13355 3283 2550 5833 ... .

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1206 1247 2453 ... ... ... ... .

.. '" 0 0 0 - .. .. - ... ... ' " '" 669 734 1403 ... ... ... ... '" '" 65 26 91 46 94 140 9808 15003 24811 Source: 1997,1999 Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Census.

150 Table -1.11 Employed Population by Industrial Group and Status in Employment 1997 1999 2001 t !

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E W j a l- 17B2 544B 720B 0 403 403 10B5 1335 2400 102 29B 39B 20 209B 211B 2110 1949 4059 B9B 233 929 451 1358 lB07 1045 15B9 2B34 512 975 14B7 410 317 727 2BB3 827 3490 12e 23B 3B2 109B2 170BO 2B022 c h 'i it .

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~ '0 j ~ z W 3 o I- 7B4 4030 4914 24 380 404 14 150 lB4 B15 lllB 1933 7B 332 410 50 2370 2420 210B 172B 3B32 948 340 1288 334 1224 155B BBB 45B 1144 B24 lB21 2445 4B5 40B B71 2BB2 823 3485 18 25 43 9808 15003 24811 Industrial Group Sex Agriculture Fishing Mining and Quarrying Manutacturlng (excluding agrlculturalentllies eg.

sugar, rice, food, fishing etc.)
Electricity, Gas and Water Construction Wholesale and Retail Trade Hotels and Restauranls Transporl, Storage and Communication Financing, Insurance, Real ESlate and Business Services Public Administrative and Oelonse, Social Security Community, Social and Personal Services Other Services (Specify) Not stated TOTAL alllndu51r1al Groups Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Tolal women Men Total Women Men TOIaI Women Men TOIaI Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men TOIaI Women Men Total t it >.
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'0 Z j a l- 1532 4472 B004 0 99 99 99B 1249 2247 0 2B1 2Bl 140 200B 214B 22B7 17B5 4052 732 243 975 403 1099 1502 7BB 59B 13B2 452 10Bl 1533 50B 422 930 2B35 B21 34Se 45B B28 1084 11134 145BO 25894 Sources: 1997, 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Census.

Notes: Other Services Include: Education, Health and Social Work, Private Households with Employed Persons.
151 - -- - -- - - --- - - - -- - - - -- - ---- Occupational Group - - - -- --- ----- ------- --~ ---- - ---- - - - --- L- '0 ...

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... ... ... ... ... ... '" ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 846 964 1562 1240 ... 2186 1807 1572 2108 1085 1734 1588 818 1014 255 826 428 ... ... ... ... ... 379 448 302 236 114 390 689 653 389 255 1810 2802 3993 3680 2819 2406 1269 1254 769 1137 955 625 369 ... ... 785 1021 1806 ... .. .
... ... 11134 14560 25694 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 0 ... '" UI Income group $0 - $99 $100 - $299 $300 - $499 $500 - $799 $800· $999 $1000· $1299 $1300 - $1499 $1500· $1799 $1800 - $1999 $2000 - $2499 $2500 - $2999 $3000 - $3999 $4000· Over Not Stated Total Average Income Median Income Source: 1997 Labor Force Survey.

Table 1.12 (b): Employed Labour Force by Occupational Group and Monthly Income Group 1999 '"ii c: o 0;..,fe l1.

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,:; co ~ c: ~ .= ~ 0 '" E ~ 'tl'tl« c:.. M w ... <II.... Income group $0 - $99 $100 - $299 $300 - $499 $500 - $799 $800 - $999 $1000 - $1299 $1300 - $1499 $1500-$1799 $1800· $1999 $2000 - $2499 $2500 - $2999 $3000 - $3999 $4000· Over Not Stated Total Average Income Median Income Source: 1999 Labor Force Survey.

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~ M 255 1039 2861 3136 2289 2183 890 805 657 890 381 678 318 W 492 1208 2356 1762 1086 1167 451 430 286 655 246 266 82 T 747 2247 5217 4898 3375 3350 1341 1235 943 1545 627 944 400 475 678 I 1153 .......•... , .. , ,10962117060128022 Table 1.12 (c): Employed Labour Force by Occupational Group and Monthly Income Group 2001 c't> CD C r!

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CD II) ~~ .. .. :1.2 c - E g- .. u W ~ 't> :l :I Ul Ci z ~ .... 0 M T W M T W M W M T W M T W T W M T W M T W M T W M Income group $0· $99 $100· $299 noo· $499 $500· $799 $800· $999 $1000· $1299 $1300· $1499 $1500· $1799 $1800· $1999 $2000 • $2499 $2500 • $2999 nooo .
$3999 $4000· Over ~ W lOS 87 103 128 186 314 112 190 302 T Not Stated 137 123 260 23 61 84 52 78 130 104 49 153 124 111 235 57 355 412 69 347 416 Total 970 742 1712 410 495 905 1510 1108 2618 1878 522 2400 1927 1473 3400 596 3760 4356 556 3638 4194 Average Income Median Income ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ' " ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... '" ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... '" ... 4 ... ... 14 ... ... 9 9808 15003 24811 ... .., ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 3 12 12 16 11 10 2 1 3 1 0 0 5 76 ...
."

J Table - 1.13 Number of Income Earners in Households by Head of Households Number of income earners per household Sex of Head ofhh No.
of households 2001 No earner One earner Two earners Three earners Four and More Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total 2838 3234 6072 3398 6397 9795 1518 3437 4955 385 766 1151 121 265 386 8260 14099 22359 Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census Notes: hh : Household 155 Section: Information and Communications Indicator: 1.1: Number of Cellular Subscribers per 100 population.
Country: Dominica Table -1.1 Number of Cellular Subcribers Item Sector 2001 2002 2003 2004 Number of Cellular Subscribers Total Mid-year population Number of Cellular subscribers per 100 population Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total .. .

.. .

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.. 67 Source: Cellular Companies and Central Statistical Office.
Notes: Number of Subscribers for 2004 was verified.

Cellular subscribers refer to users of cellular telephones who subscribe to an automatic public mobile telephone service that provides access to the public SWitched telephone network using cellular technology.

156 Table - 1.2 : Number of Households with Telephone Facilities, Personal Computers in use and Internet Facilities.
Item Sector 2001 Households with Telephone facilities Households with Personal Computers in use Households with Internet facilities Total number of Households Proportion of Households with Telephone facilities Proportion of Households with Personal Computers in use Proportion of Households with Internet facilities Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total Urban Semi-Urban Rural Total 4029 3664 6585 14278 1207 875 756 2838 853 588 470 1911 5261 5556 11542 22359 77 66 57 64 23 16 7 13 16 11 4 9 Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census Notes: Telephone lines refer to the number of telephone lines connecting subscribers' terminal equipment to the pUblic switched network and that have a dedicated port In the telephone exchange equipment.
Cellular subscribers refer to users of cellular telephones who subscribe to an automatic public mobile telephone service that provides access to the pUblic switched telephone network using cellular technology. "

Proportion of households: per 100 household.
157 Decision Making Indicators Tables 1.1 Members of Parliament, Opposition and Cabinet by Position Held/Holding 2000 - 2005 1.2 1.3 (a-c) Number of Employed Persons in High Managerial Positions in Public and Private Sector 2001 Candidates, Eligible Voters, Ballots Casts, Accepted and Rejected and Percentages by Electoral Constituency 1995,2000 and 2005 l.3d Ballots Cast by Constituency and Sex 2005 1.4 1.5 1.6 Number of Persons in Senior-Level Positions in Government 2000 - 2004 Employed Persons in Positions of Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers 1997, 1999 and 2001 Employed Persons by Employers and Own Account Workers 1991,1997, 1999 and 2001 158 .. • Section: Decision-Making Country: Dominica Table -1.1 Members of Parliament, Opposition and Cabinet by Position Held/Holding Position 2000 Women Men 2002 Total Women Men Total Women Men 2001 2003 Total Women Men 2004 Total Women Men 2005 Total Women Men Total Government Head Attorney General Other Members of Cabinet Other Members .... til CD Senators Opposition Leader Other Members Senators Independent Total Source: House of Parliament Notes: 18
"Other Members of Cabinet" includes some Senators who were appointed Ministers.
"Senators" Includes Parliamentary Secretarles who are not considered Members of Cabinet.

Comments: Data excludes some constituency/area parliamentary representatives.

Table - 1.2 Number of Employed Persons in High Managerial Positions in Public and Private Sector Position Public Joint Public I Private Private Coporatlons Non~orporatlon Other (Own Account) Women 280 40 394 .. .

.. .

660 2001 Men 237 50 394 ... ... 531 Total 1374 1212 Source: 2001 Population and Housing Census.

Note: Total 517 90 788 .


.. ... 1191 2586 High managerial position Is classified by the following groups of the International Standard Classification of Occupation (ISCO 88); Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers.

Professionals.

, • 160 Population Voting in Parliamentary Elections Table 1.3a.

Candidates, Eligible Voters, Ballots Cast, Accepted and Rejected and Percentages by Electoral Constituency 1995 Constituency No.

of Candidates Contestina (1) No.


of Electors on List (2) Ballots Cast Ballots Accepted Ballots Rejected (3) Total No.

 (4) As "10 of col. 2 (5) (6) (7) (8) Total As%of Total As%of col. 3 No.

col. 3 No.
Roseau Central Roseau South (a) Roseau North (b) Roseau Valley Ie) Mahaut (d) St. Joseph Salisbury Colihaut Portmouth (e) Cottage Vielle Case Paix Bouche (f) Wesley Marigot Grand Bay Petite Savanne Soufriere Mt.
Jaune/Riv.

Cyrique La Plaine Salybia Castle Bruce TOTAL Source: Electoral Office.

Notes: la) Roseau South· Newtown Ib) Roseau North.

Goodwill Ie) Roseau Valley excludes Cane/ield Id) CanefieJd included In Mahaut Ie) Portsmouth Includes Dos D'ane, If) Paix Bouche excludes Dos D'ane.

• !A .. 63 57,632 37,563 161 Table 1.3b.

Candidates, Eligible Voters, Ballots Cast, Accepted and Rejected and Percentages by Electoral Constituency 2000 CONSTITUENCY No.

of Candidates Contesting (1) No.


of Electors on List (2) Ballots Cast Ballots Accepted Ballots Rejected (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Total As%of Total As%of Total As%of col. 3 No.

col. 3 col. 2 No.

No.

Roseau Central Roseau South (a) Roseau North (b) Roseau Valley (c) Mahaut (d) St. Joseph Salisbury Colihaut Portmouth (e) Cottage Vielle Case Paix Bouche (f) Wesley Marigot Grand Bay Petite Savanne Soufriere Mt.

JauneJRiv.

Cyrique La Plaine Salybia Castle Bruce TOTAL Source: Electoral Office.
Notes: (a) Roseau South· Newtown (b) Roseau North - Goodwill (c) Roseau Valley excludes Canefield (d) Canefleld included In Mahaut (el Portsmouth Includes Dos D'ane (f) Paix Bouche excludes Dos D'ane.
Table 1.3c.

Candidates, Eligible Voters, Ballots Cast, Accepted and Rejected and Percentages by Electoral Constituency 2005 CONSTITUENCY No.

of Candidates Contestina (1 ) No.

of Electors on List (2) Roseau Central Roseau South (a) Roseau North (b) Roseau Valley (c) Mahaut (d) St. Joseph Salisbury Colihaut Portmouth (e) Cottage Vielle Case Paix Bouche (f) Wesley Marigot Grand Bay Petite Savanne Soufriere Mt.

Jaune/Riv.
Jaune/Riv.

Cyrique La Plaine Salybia Castle Bruce Ballots Cast Ballots Accepted Ballots Rejected (5) (6) (7) (8) Total As%of Total As%of No.

col. 3 col. 3 No.

(3) Total No.
2045 3738 3496 1455 3899 2117 1415 923 1567 1066 1279 1510 1718 1256 1740 1546 2128 1104 1442 1812 1678 (4) As%of col. TOTAL 47 65,889 38,934 59.1 37,913 97.4 1,021 Source: Electoral Office.
Notes: (a) Roseau South - Newtown (b) Roseau North - Goodwill (c) Roseau Valley excludes Canefield (d) Canefleld Included in Mahaut (e) Portsmouth includes Dos D'ane If) Paix Bouche excludes Dos O·ane.
163 Table 1.3d Ballots Cast by Constituency and Sex 2005 Constituency Males Females Total Roseau Central Roseau South (a) Roseau North (b) Roseau Valley © Mahaut (d) St.Joseph Salisbury Colihaut Portsmouth (e) Cottage Vielle Case Paix Bouche (f) Wesley Marigot Grand Bay Petite Savanne Soufriere Morne Jaune I Riviere Cyrique La Plaine Salybia Castle Bruce Total 19,580 19,354 38,934 Source: Electoral Office.
Notes: (a) Roseau South - Newtown (b) Roseau North - Goodwill (c) Roseau Valley excludes Canefield (d) Cane field included in Mahaut (e) Portsmouth includes Dos D'ane, (I) Paix Bouche excludes Dos D'ane.

164 .. Table -1.4 Number in Senior-Level Positions in Government Positions Women 2000 Men Total Women 2001 Men 2002 Total Women Men Total Women 2003 Men Total Women 2004 Men Total Head of PubliC/Civil Service Permanent Secretaries Governors of Central Banks .... '"....

Commissioners of Services (e.g.


Police Commissioner) Directors of Departments Advisors Total 0 2 0 0 ... 0 ... 1 9 0 3 ... 2 ... 1 11 0 3 ... 2 ... 0 2 0 0 ... 0 ... 1 9 0 3 ... 2 ... 1 11 0 3 ."

2 ... Source: Pe",onnel Services Department and OffIce of the Prime Minister.
Notes: Dominica Is a member of the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank with headquarte", In the Island of St. Kitts.
Table - 1.5 Employed Persons by Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers Position 1997 Men Women Total Women 1999 Men 2001 Total Women Men Total Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers 883 607 1490 1086 784 1870 958 721 1679 Other Total 10251 13953 24204 9876 16276 26152 8850 14282 23132 11134 14560 25694 10962 17060 28022 9808 15003 24811 Source: 1997 and 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population Housing Census 166 Decision Making -1.6 Employed Persons by Employers and Own Account Workers Position Women 1991 Men Total Women 1997 Men Total Women 1999 Men Total Women 2001 Men Total 1.
Employers 378 1337 1715 701 2219 2920 287 848 1135 316 919 1235 2.

Own Account Workers 1674 4564 6238 2151 3129 5280 3135 6633 9768 1817 4230 6047 ...... en...., Total Employers and Own - Account Workers 2052 5901 7953 2852 5348 8200 3422 7481 10903 2133 5149 7282 Total Employed Persons 8248 15575 23823 11134 14560 25694 10962 17060 28022 9808 15003 24811 Source: 1997 and 1999 Labor Force Surveys and 2001 Population and Housing Census.
Notes: 1997 and 1999 Labor Force Surveys final Tabulations were based on Population Estimates.
Crime Indicators Tables 1.1 Number of Reported Crimes by Type 1999 - 2003 1.2a Prison Population 1998 - 2003 1.2b Prison Population by Sex and Age Group 1998 - 2003 1.3 Number of Officers in Selected Public Order and Safety Positions 1998 - 2002 168 Section: Crime Country: Dominica Table· 1.1 Number of Reported Crimes by Type Type of Offense Sex 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Against Lawful Authority · Perjury · Escape and Rescue Against Public Morality .

Incest - Indecent Assault .


Unnatural Offenses - Other (specify) Against Person - Murder & Manslaughter - Attempted Murder Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total • Attempted Suicide Women Men Total - Grievous Harm & Wounding Women • Assaults • Rape (I.e.
Buggery, attempted) • Other: Carnal knowledge Other Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men Total ... .

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.. ... 47 ... ... 3 ... ... 44 ... " .

... ... ... .

.. ... ... 130 ... ... 8 .

.. ...

., .

.

.. ... ... ... ... 48 ... ... .

.. ... ... 21 ... ... 55 .

.. " .

0 Table· 1.1 cont'd.


Number of Reported Crimes by Type Type of Offense Against Property Sex Wo"..n Min TObII • Theft & Other Stealing Womon 1888 ... ... 1408 ... ... 8 ... ... 81 .. , ... 1320 ... ... ... ... ... .. , ... ... 15 ... ... ... ... ... 2 ... ... 91 ... ... 25 ... ... 88 ... ... 74 ... ... 1728 2000 .,.

... 1377 ... ... 10 ... ... 57 ... ... 1297 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8 ... ... ... ... ... 5 .. , ... 107 ... ... 10 ... ... 97 ... ... 105 .. , ... 1759 2001 ... ... 1430 .
.. ... 18 .. .

... 104 ... ... 1288 .. .

... ... .. .

.. .

... ... .. .

14 ... ... .. , ... .

.. 8 ... ... 88 .. .

... 11 ... .. , 77 ... ... 175 ' " ' " 1852 2002 ... .

.. 1875 ... ... 7 ... .. , 103 ... ... 1551 '" ... ... ... ... ... .. , ... 12 ... ... ... ... ... 2 .. , ... 132 ... ... 7 ... ... 125 ... ... 147 ... ... 2108 2003 ... ... 1288 ... '" 21 ... ... 73 .. .

... 1175 ... .. .

... .. .

.. .

... ... '" 12 ... .. .

... .. .

... 5 ... .. , 83 ... ... 8 .

.. .. , 77 .

.. ... 144 .


.. .. .
1890 Min Total Womon Min TObII Wo~n Min Total Womon Min Total Women Min Total Womon Min Total Women Min Total Women Min Total Womon Min Total Womon Min TObII Women Min TObII Women Min Total Women Min Total Women Min Total 24.0913 24.82103 28.3084 29.9305 24.0 WOInI" Min Total Women Min Total Women Min Total Women Min Total Women Min Total ... ... ... ... ... 0.56 0.87 0.82 0.48 0.87 1.51 1.80 1.82 1.56 1.78 19.82 19.27 20.31 23.81 18.28 1.27 1.50 1.25 1.88 1.18 • Robbery & Extortion • Burglary • False Pretense & • Receiving Stolen ProperlY -Arson • Praedial Larceny - Other: Malicious Dall\lllle Against Penal Code • Forgery - Other {Deception and taking Conveyance} Others TOTAL Total Crime rate Against Lawful Authority Against PUblic Morality Against Person Against Property AIIalnst Penal Code Source: Crlmln.llnveltlgatlon Department of the Dominica Police Forc.
Nat••: Total Crime ~t.1 are number of crl.

.1 r.ported, divided by population per 1000 perlonl 170 Table 1.2a.

Prison Population.

Year Prison Capacity Committed During Year Number Of Prisoners Released During Year In Prison at end of Year Daily Average No.

of No.
of No.

of Prisoners Death by Prisoners Admitted to Hospital Execution Other Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Total Male Female Source: Dominica State Prisons .............. Table 1.2b.
Total Prison Population by Sex and Age Group Age Group 10 -14 15 -19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 -44 45 -49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 -64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 -79 80 - 84 85 + N.S.
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Number of Prisoners (Committed during Year) Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 0 2 2 2 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2003 Male Female Total 714 14 630 12 640 14 753 16 657 10 824 18 .... "'oj II.)
Source: Dominica State Prisons • Table - 1.3 Number of Officers in Selected Public Order and Safety Positions Position Women 1998 Men Total Women 1999 Men Total Women 2000 Men Total Women 2001 Men Total Women 2002 Men Total Judges Chancellor of Judiciary Chief Justice Court of Appeal High Court Other Judges -..... to> Magistrates Chief Other Magistrates Solicitor General Director of Public Prosecution Registrars Lawyers/attorneys Police officers Prison officers Total Sources: Registrar's Office, The Magistrates Court, Commonwealth of Dominica Pollee Force and the State Prisons.
Notes: Judges other than the High Court Judge operate under the Authority of the Eastern Caribbean Court.

Analysis of Selected Indicaton from a Gender Penpective The composition of Dominica's population is almost comparable in terms of male (50.3%) to female (49.70.10).

This suggests the significance of the full integration of men and women in all processes and products to ensure overall development.
Consequently processes and plans must be informed by effective analysis that assess differences in the situation of women and men, and the differential impact of policies and programmes on both groups.

In so doing imbalances will be removed to ensure equity.

1) Women Headed Households in Dominica According to the 2001 Population and Housing Census female-headed households recorded 36.9 percent, reflecting a similar percentage with the 1991 Census (Tablel.5 Population and Family Indicator).
The average number ofpersons per household is 3.1 percent with 3.3 percent of households composing of eight persons or more.

This includes 311 or 42.5 percent ofwomen headed households and 421 male headed households.

A higher number ofwomen than men are widowed (at a ratio of 3: 1) and at an earlier age (201 women were widows before attaining sixty years ofage compared to only 44 widowers at that same age).
This group of women may continue to provide for themselves or may largely depend on family, public support or remittances particularly in the case of no pension earnings.

2) mv/AIDS and Gender Implications mv/AIDS remains a major area of concern and seemingly more prevalent among males.

Although a consistent decrease in trend in terms of teen pregnancy have been recorded, a relatively high number of teen pregnancies, 16.0 percent, was registered for the year 2003.
This is a cause for concern as it indicates unprotected sexual activity among youths with implications for the spread of lllV/AIDS.

In terms of treatment for lllV/AIDS, affordability and accessibility need to be sustained as well as the integration of a gender perspective in planning and programming.

Education and sensitization on this issue need to incorporate a gender focus.

For example, lllV/AIDS is mainly a lifestyle disease.
A common articulated concern by health officials is the fact that less men access health services.

On the other hand, since women mainly take up care giving roles, the burden of 174 caring for those affected usually falls squarely on their shoulders.

Therefore women as equally as men need increase education and appropriate support in dealing with IDYl AIDS.

3) Gender and the Correlates of Poverty Income poverty remains a serious problem in Dominica.
The 2002 Survey of Living Conditions indicated that about 29"~ of households and 39"~ of the population as living below or just about the poverty line and 15% is indigent.

The June 2003 Country Poverty Report showed no significant difference in the incidence of poverty among individual females and males.

However, a 2003 Social Protection Review Report suggests a considerable variation in poverty rates across socio-economic groups and geographic areas.
This is supported by a recent poverty mapping which recorded higher concentration of poverty in the rural areas which may be related to the decline in rural agricultural occupations.

The review of social protection identified key contributors to poverty as unemployment/under employment, low wages or returns to self-employment, low education levels.
Poverty and Single Female Headed Households: The Social Protection Review recorded 34.0 percent of poor households are headed by single female-headed households, while 45% ofall poor people live in female-headed households.

Poverty and Unemployment/Underemployment: The Social Protection Review recorded the gender gap in unemployment was particularly high among the poor, registering 49% poor women and 33% poor men as unemployed.
However a decrease in the unemployment rate was noted for both sexes, over the Labor Force Survey periods 1997, 1999 and the 2001 Population and Housing Census (Table 1.2 EmploymentlLabor Force Indicator).

Participation rate in the labor force recorded a higher percentage for men (for all age groups) throughout the same period.

Labor force participation rate ofboth sexes have decreased over the years with a sharper decrease for women Table l.(Employment !Labor Force Indicators).
The productive sectors ofconstruction and agriculture however are still largely dominated by males.

175 Education: Women are increasingly taking up opportunities for tertiary education accounting for a higher percentage (than men) while the vocational training reflects the opposite (Table 1.8 and 1.9 Education Indicator).The number of drop outs though steadily decreasing is higher for males, indicating a possible risk factor for level of employment, and vulnerability.
On the other hand, a slight deviation is reflected in what may have been traditionally considered to be female or male dominated fields.

Student enrolment at technical fields of the college suggested a gradual increase in female participation more specifically in Building Construction.

Of the courses offered, building construction recorded a significant change with women accounting for about 32.0 percent particularly from the 2000/2001 academic year.
Recently women students seem to be entering the areas of electricals recording about 28.0 percent of student in that field.

Government granted scholarships registers comparability in male to female students.
However, females account for lower enrolment in disciplines of architecture, and civil engineering (Table 1.11 Education Indicator).Gender imbalance in academic or vocational courses is generally reflected in the labor force continuing the sexual division of labor with implications for level of income.

There is need to prepare and ensure that both men and women equally avail themselves ofopportunities in the various fields.
5) PoliticslDecision Making There has been significant growth in the number of women in senior management in both the private and public sector as a result of the increased number of women obtaining tertiary level education.

Indeed there is an upward trend in the number of women professionals in the public and private sectors.

This improvement however is not yet adequately reflected in positions that may influence or determine policies in the decision making processes at the highest level.
176 The position of Permanent Secretary, one of the highest positions in the public service remains male dominant (Table 1.4 Decision-Making Indicator).

In general female representation accounted for 26.6 percent in government senior level positions in 2004.

Although there has been increased participation of women in politics it is mainly at the local government level.
There is still much to be done to activate women's participation at Central Government Level and representation at the higher decision-making level.

Research shows that where women have been successful in the political office (local governance) it positively influences others and attracts more women participation and leadership (Report on Situational Analysis of Women and Men, 2004).

Women's participation in the highest level ofpolicymaking - central governance, reflects little change in trend.
In fact after 1995, women's participation at that level has seriously dwindled.

> A brief outline is as follows: o Two (2) women out ofthirty (30) members of parliament o One woman junior minister out of a total of thirteen (13) ministers in Cabinet o Two female senators out of nine (9)~ one on the government side and the other on the opposition o One elected woman in parliament.

It is worth exploring the reasons why women do not register as candidates for public office.
Women involvement would definitely contribute to policy development/decision making processes in the country.
Recommendations • Qualified females to be assertive in positioning themselves for senior level positions in the public sector • Train women in leadership and policy formulation: Gender sensitization and training of persons in key positions to influence policy and skills in gender analysis ensuring that policies and programmes benefit all social groups 177 • Need to encourage lfacilitate more women participation at the international level e.g.
ambassadorial and international representation - one way to set foundation for increased involvement in decision making • Sensitize public support for women in politics, present women as candidates for general election and women to be more engaged in dialogue on global issues • Represent gender issues at national level and promote political debate around these issues • Encourage women's arms of political parties to lobby and groom women for public office • Encourage young women to pursue political careers • Education that assist in changing the culture of party politics to bring focus on issues rather than personalities • Review of the political processes e.g.
to reduce risk ofjoJ,> security when men and women decide to serve their country at the highest level; (it seems they are being penalized for that decision).

• Adopt the Commonwealth Secretariat proposal to work at achieving the target 300,10 representation by 2015 and uphold the Millennium Development Goals.

Issues of crime and violence Young men are seemingly the main perpetrators of crimes resulting in a predominantly male population at the State Prison (Table 1.2b.

Crime Indicator).
Crime Indicator).

Crime and violence may be related to other economic and social factors.

Recommendations There is need for: • A Systematic, Multi-sectoral and integrated approach to addressing this problem.

• Research to better understand the underlying factors for violence and crimes • Continued massive campaign on violence against women and children.

• Bring some focus on men and masculinities in development processes.
• Create awareness of and possible solutions to the gendered relationship to crime and violence 178 • Conclusions There are a number of issues which needs attention through increasingly gender friendly policies and incorporation of a gender perspective in programmes and plans nationally and across sectors.

In tenns of education though a decreasing trend is being observed, the drop out and repetition rates raises concerns about the underlying causes.
One important consideration may be the difference in addressing stages of the development of boys and girls and appropriate approaches.

The foregoing issues are not new but the quantitative data confirms a number of known disadvantaged situations of women in particular.

Qualitative data from a number of consultations conducted by the Women's Bureau to support this analysis are available.
Through these consultations a number of recommendations and solutions (which can be referred to) have been proposed as articulated in reports at the Women's Bureau to include the: CEDAW Report Situation Analysis of Women and Men In Dominica, 2004 • • • Report on Meeting with Policy Makers • A number of reports on Beijing+5 to affiliated agencies 179 REPRESENTATION ON TIfE SOCIAL INDICATORS AND MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS NATIONAL COMMITTEE Department/Organisation Number Ministry of Finance and Planning Ministry of Education Ministry of Community Development Ministry of Health Ministry of Labour & Immigration Small Projects Assistance Team Dominica National Council of Women (DNCW) Dominica Council of Ageing National Youth Council Dominica Police Force Dominica Planned Parenthood National Drug Prevention Unit Dominica Employers Federation Christian Children Fund Dominica Social Security United Nations Education Science and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Representation on the Core Monitoring Committee Ministry of Finance and Planning Ministry of Education Ministry of Health Ministry of Community Development Christian Children Fund (CCF) Civil Society/Educator 5 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1