Source document: https://docs-lawep.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/1698071856061.pdf (Guyana)
PARLIAMENT ARY DEBATES THE OFFICIAL REPORT [VOLUME 1] PROCEEDINGS FIRST LEGISLATURE AND DEBATES OF THE FIRST SESSION OF THE CONSTITUTED ) BRITISH GUIANA (CONSTITUTION ORDER IN COUNCIL, 1961 UNDER THE 22nd Sitting Thursday, 12th April, 1962.

LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY The Assembly met at 2 p.m. Prayers [Mr. Speaker in the Chair] Present His Honour the Speaker, Mr. R. B. Gajraj.
Members of the Government People's Ministers Progressive Party Dr. the Honourable C. B. Jagan The Honourable B. H. Benn The Honourable Ram Karran The Honourable B. S. Rai -Premier and Minister of Development (Member for Corentyne and Planning .
-East) --Minister of Natural Resources (Mem­ ber for Demerara Coast-West) -Minister of Works and Hydraulics (Member for Mahaica) -Minister of Home Affairs (Member for Demerara Coast-East) • The Honourable R. Chandisingh-Minister of Labour, Health (Member for Lower Demerara and Housing River) 1377 12TH APRIL, 1962 1378 Dr. the Honourable Charles Jr. Jacob, -Minister en-Hoop) of Finance (Member for Vreed­ The Honourable E. M. G. Wilson PorL1amentary Mr. L. E. M. Mann Secretary Other Members Mr. S. M. Saffee Mr. G. L. Robertson Mr. M. Bhagwan Mr. J.
B. Caldeira Mr. V. Downer Mr. M. Hamid Mr. D. C .. Ja{!an Mr. H. Lall �- Mr. M. Shakoor -Minister of Communications (Member for Boerasirie) -ParliamentarJ Secretary of Works and Hydraulics for Mahaicony) lo the Ministry (Member ls·!ands) Berbice--West) ·-(Memberfor --(Member for Leonora) for Essequibo -(Member -( M em her for Pomeroon) -(Memherfor -(l1femberfor -(Member for Suddie) -(lvf ember /or ---(Member West) Corentyne---- River) for Corentyne Berbice-East) Demerara-Central) Members (i) People's Constituting the Minority Congress National Deputy Speaker Mr. L. F. S. Burnham, Q.C.
Mr. W. O. R. Kendall, Mr. J. Carter Mr. E. F. C orreia Mr. N. J. Bissember Mr. W. A. Blair Mr. R. S.S. Hugh Mr. J. G. �Joa<1uin Mr. R. J. Jordan Mr. C. A. Merriman Mr. H. M. S. Wharton New Amsterdam) for Werk-en-Rust) -(Memberfor Ruilnveldt) --(1\femberfor --(Member -(Member for Mazanm:-Potaro) -( Member for Cwnphellvi lie) -(Member River) ·--(Member -(Memherfor -(MemberfiJr --(li.femberfor for Abary) ---·(Member ,\'itty) Upper Dcmerara La Penitence-Lodge) for Berbice for Georgetown--Sottth) River) Force (ii)United Mr. P. d' Aguiar Mr. S. Campbell Mr. R. E. C heeks Member for Georgetown--Central) --··( --··(Member -(Member for Vorth Wesn for Georgetown-North).
Mr.

I. Crum Ewing --Clerk Mr. E. V. Viapree -Assistant of the Legislature Clerk of the Legislature.

ABSENT: Dr. the Honourable leave.

Polder)--on F. H. W. Ramsc1hoye, Attorney-General (Member for Canals Mr. G. Bowman-Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Natural Re­ sources (Member for Corentyne- Mr. E. E. Melville (Member for ]eave.

Central)--on --on leave.


Rupununi) 1379 Appropria�ion Biill 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1380 ANNOUNCEMENTS BY THE SPEAKER LEAVE TO MEMBER Mr. Speaker: I have to inform the House that leave for today has been granted to the hon.

the Attorney­ (Dr. Ramsahoye).

General that, compare a person that the person in 10 weeks will pay one cent.

Against whose income is $1,000 or $1,100 per month.

That person's income be anywhere of $400 per in the vicinity month.

Is it fair for hon.
Is it fair for hon.

Members on the other side to say that in arranging the Budget, we did not observe the of making those pay who can principle afford to pay?

tax will PUBLIC BUSINESS BILL - SECOND READING 2.15 p.m. APPROPRIATION BILL BUDGET DEBATE Mr. Speaker: The Assembly will resume the debate on the Motion for the Second Reading of the Bill intituled: "An Ordinance tc appropriate the of session granted supplies the Legislature."

in the current When we adjourned last evening, the hon.
Minister (Mr. Wilson) was then speaking.

now resume.

of Communications He may Which loyal Guianese is there so in as being to assist way by his widow's mite?

poor or so mean who would stinge to pay one cent in ten weeks some little That is what Christ taught us.

The widow's mite was accepted equal to or even greater money that the wealthy buted.

This Government values the widow's - in order to afford Guianese the Development Programme country.

The beggar will pay his one cent, perhaps brethren else.
than all the people contri­ at "The Palms" or somewhere mite - one cent in ten weeks pride in of their his less fortunate to assist Army'-s Men's Hostel last The Minister of Communications : I should like to resume to the un­ made against this Gov­ charges of the with regard to the pattern (Mr. Wilson) today by making reference justified ernment Budget.

It was said that the Budget did not provide that those who could afford to pay should do so.

I shall make brief reference cause I know that the hon.
Minister Finance aspect of the criticisms.

to one point be­ of will deal adequatelv with that It will be remembered that yester­ day, in dealing with what was said by the hon.

Member for Georgetown North (Mr. Cheeks) that a person who worked for $15 .40 per week would have to pay income tax, I pointed out that it would only be a matter of.

five cents per year.

Five cents per year works out to one cent in 10 or 11 weeks.
That means Speaking I delivered when the hope was me of an address that Government about the widow's mite on of the opening of the would play the Salvation Army homes for the destitute of In reply to that I to the story of the Good the work the reminds the occasion Salvation week Wednesday, expressed its part in assisting in providing our community.

made reference Samaritan, Salvation story, in taking care of the destitu those who had been robbed.
But I said that the work of the Salvation only complementary ant work in which the Government interested, that is to get rid of the robbers and thieves created the conditions all the "choke and rob" crimes we have in this country.

and I compared Army was doing with that of capitalism responsible for to the more import­ Army was who had te and is 1381 Appropriation mll 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1382 [MR. WILSON] equality and robbers and the like.
in establishing W c are interested in the resources; wealth will be distributed, the because should be destroyed force when he drove thieves and even God re­ force when he ordered that even Christ adopted the money-changers.

out of the Temple, cognized Amclekites of their sinfu] system of government, Communism ultimate dom maintains United States, spends mi1lions armed forces.

Even in the home, where the mother loves her children.

she does not spare the rod child.


an ap­ Socialism whereby there will be of dis�ribution proach to this country's whereby the more or less country's equitably so that we will not find people knocking about the streets.

beggars ha\:e not got a meal.

and have nowhere to rc5t their heads.

those conditions.

the disease.

prison, a 8:00d place, but we believe conditions change them overnight, care of those unfortunate themselves their environment.

large forces.
large forces.

the great Democracy, of dollars force is the The United King­ and the we have to take ones who f nd crime because of We spend more money on the we believe it is such deeds.

In every proper it is We want to get rid of rid of We want to get are as thev are and we cannot or Democracy, committing who many days sanction.

not because and spoil the whether that as made by in maintaining about Socialism - I know arc saying "Why not say I recall that someone on Talking my friends Communism'?"
the other side - I think it was the hon.

Member for Georgeto wn North (Mr. Cheeks) ---during the course of this debate said that the Premier would never answer the question: Communist?

Are you a Mr. Speaker: from a newspaper.

He was reading North whereas is being makes lcome now to a criticism the hon.

Member for Georgetown report to who quoted from a newspaper .8.G.

Airways show that run at a deticit or Joss, B.W.I.A.

a profit.

W c admit that we are nm­ ning the B.G.


Airways service at a de­ has a loss.

The word "loss" ficit-not does rderenc.e to profit.

Government is not not make profit.

Government interested a sur­ getting in profit, and .it tnere 1s a sur­ plus or a deiicit, of the plus it is used for the welfare education, country schools means that and hospitals.

But a profit an individual use.


for his private puts monev into his pocket - towards but in Mr. Wilson: Thank you, Mr. connote n lecture Does the hon.

Member for George­ and Capitalism."

There are cases in which Speaker.

Communism can connote a great evil, some­ and in other cases it can thing worthy.

As a matter of fact J �ttended by the Rev.


Leckie on ··communism brief this was the theme of his talk - that both Communism and Socialism have the same objective, ence between Communism objective proaches At the end of the lecture some questions, town North want us to run B.G.

Airwavs at a profit We can surplus?

or to show a do so by charging more freight on the beef whic� is brought thus helpmg make more profit.

charging ties for certain the interior.

living But do we want to do that?


How can we do that when we want to open our countrv?

to face the dangers we not serve them?

Yet the hon.

hy force, Christianity the same objective I asked him them was that whereas attempts bv mor� for transporting commod1� other hon.

Members to raise the cost of its ap­ by love.


who have: must We can a]so do so a member of his party to from the Rupur:uni, There arc pioneers but the differ­ of the interior; and he admitted that of the working and thereby to achieve man in the interior.

In 1383 Appropriation Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budge't Debate 1384 this House by is being run at -1 Member tried to deceive 3aying that B.W.l.A.

profit.
profit.

I wish to quote from an articlt> which appears in today's Guiiana Graphic, would like to read it for me.

I wil1 merely quote the last paragraph of the of article which the British says: deals with the operation West Indian Airways.

H the hon.

Member or perhaps "The airline - under its all-Trinidad directorate hudgeted according Trinidad last Friday."

of mainly civil servants, lo&s this year.


for a $3.265,367 has to figures presented to thf' House of Representatives onlv you will not find this in the organ of the United Force.

the because it would dis­ Of course, political Da:ly Chronicle, prove what another member of that party said yesterday.

Mr. Wilson: I will be finished in sir.

In the for having played in the them, that it should be shame.

about two or three minutes, early part of my remarks I asked hon.
Members on the other side what was the feeling that should most dominate and I suggested I would like to conclude 'by telling them again that they should be ashamed of themselves whole drama of opposing the working class Budget which is not sociaJList any stretch aimed towards the establishment Socialism.

shame for those who suggest reason why we did not contest Georgetown in opposition.

how the leader of that party has brought himself down.
by but is of of of the imagination, I have a great feeling that the seats in I feel ashamed to see we do not believe is because 2.30 p.m. Mr. Speaker : To a point of ex- to to a news­ , I listened which spoke of the to a different very carefully in the period since they it, up to the end of last year.

frqm which you have quoted planatron!

what that hon.

Member said on that He referred question.

period of time.

He referred paper publication.

profit that was made by the new owners of B.W.I.A.


purchased The article refers to a budget for a deficit in the year of operation to come.

So it is for two different periods.

It is not fair for Members on either side to make charges that a particular deceive of newspapers, read the very statement which the hon.

Member for Georgetown North quoted to this House.

the House.

I, too, as a reader Member has tried to Mr. Wilson: Thank you, Mr. Speaker.

The fact remains ernment-operated airlines profit.


They serve the communities the various territories operate.

in which they are not run for that Gov­ in Mr. Speaker : I think we shou lei have a motion at this stage.

It makes me feel and wonder, Has the when he has.

to "How are the mighty fallen?"

mighty Sampson fallen, bow and go along with the leader of the United Force Party whom he despises so much?

I hope they will retrace their steps, of getting deeper valJey of shame.
Let them retrace their steps in the interest and co-operate whose only objective good of the Guianese with this Government is to work for the people.

of Guianese, instead into the Mr. Blair (Berbice River) : Mr. an and accepted it is a well-known Guiana is essentially and it ha� great Speaker, fact that British agricultural country, possibilities in this field.

Much of its wealth can be found in agriculture, but we find that this wealth has not been tapped.
One Government another nothing in this particular many rivers in British Guiana bring the rich lands of the inter,, ior within easy reach, yet we find that all of this land is left lying waste, to a very great extent, suffer hunger and want.

in this dear land of ours and is done to tap the rich resources field, agriculture.

The while many peopl� and waterways succeeds 1385 Approp1tation BiU­ 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 138b lMR.
BLAIR] 1n so far as the rearing of crops is to we fi11d that it is confined Guiana at this time - some plan conccmcd, the coastlands crop, rice.

I looked i n vain in the proposals submitted the Government for a system of diversified Bdtish or scheme for securin_g crops of agricultural to now 1 have or plans.

I want are Government and easilv of the into good use for the benefit people in this country?

If we adopt plans of this kind.

J believe one way in which we can change our poor economic conditions.
taking accessible a wide variety - but up products it will be of and to one particular in the Estimates by for some definite plan agriculture in areas, that the Governmen t is most necessary Machinerv should establish Agricultural Pools.

By this I mean that, in certain agricultural m:1kc av�Iilabli:, inery as would be necessary them in clear;ng.

their Iands so tha{ thev may be able to put to far better these lands should the Government such mach­ to farmers draining and ploughing to assist use.
A few days ago I visited a scheme in not found such proposats River at Maria Henrietta.

to put these fertile lanus in tne intc.r1or the Berbice and there I saw something to nsk: What steps something about-·-· talking mind for a 1on_g time.

several clearing at work T saw the people at work.

and, I believe that i n a very short time, i f the people get technica the land will be more beneficial of what I am l have had in to those who own it.

l saw a bulldozer acres of land.


l advice, There are large areas of Crown While I must g ive er.edi t to the of the coun�ry?

who are willing there are Guiana.

and to turn to they have no land.

Why the Governmen t maKc these lands in British many persons the soil in order to make a living.
Unfortunately, doesn't Crown lands available to the pwple who to farm and are hungry for are willing may be ab]e to help land, so that they as well as improve the themselves economy that there land but unable to cultivat They are willing on to their neighbours lands passed are in need of land.
But these people as well as those who would get land - if the Governmen t were disposed to Crown land available to cultivate willing assistance from the Government, having the land is not make to those who are it - would need We !ind, to.o, arc many people who have to have some of these because e all of it.

all.

who ma­ thcst' people for assisting them with machinery for Government by providing their lands, I cannot give tht� clearing credit for the ilea.
I Government happen to know that this idea was c on c eived m tht: mind of one Mr. Duggin \vho.

for months and J:cpt on begging months, for help until e basis.

on a co-operativ finally, to help the farmers was provided chinery do part of the work.

That is what l have in rnind.


In certain areas where the people land and are wi11ing to Governm<:nt should 'Pools in order to make Machinery as may be necessary machinery to them at a small cost Since it is not possible money to pay for the 11se of :-:uch mach­ -·-· that is if the Govern­ inery in advance or ment wHl charge continue self-help self-help Government for such to collect will be after the crops to give this help on a 50---50 done in all ht1sis �is it is hiin•· Schemes.

If, however.
If, however.

the to charge the people then, the proper time­ the money for such arc in oosscssion · cultivate set up Agricultural decides services, such availabk that a poor man will hav..: for such services, ot it, services are sold.

[nstcad of shouting, be taken av,:ay", "Every square beneficially inch of land that is not occu­ the Govern­ pied will ment should endeavour to help oersons to occupy beneficially square inch of land they may have in their possession.

In order to do this.


it those every 1387 Appropriaiion Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1388 visited I think it was about two years after occasion­ visit and things.

This was as that that an instructor ally.

He paid a� hurried looked at certain much as he could have done because observed that he had to get a passage some launch or boat which was going in that direction.

time to visit the people's them any more advice than he was able to give on such visits, or no time at his disposal.
as he had little farms and give I on So, he had very little In those areas where there are no of mach­ I would of leaving mach­ expensive may provide that it should by water.

to the Government a means of transport be taken care of roads to enable the removal inery from one point to another, suggest provide and that the machinery by qualified Government mechanics.

Instead inery to be taken care of by people who may not know how to care them, the Government and launches from one place to another.
method, safety of the machinery.

clear that these expensive machinery who do not know how to han&e them.

If they are left in the hands of some people to be transported they may fall into the river and los1t.

2.45 p.m.. of the It is quite pieces of can be damaged by people because I am thinking to take the machinery I am advocating pontoons by water, this But this would not be all.

In order I productive, advice.


There are conditions really ignorance, to make these efforts think that the people should be given technical where, I may say through people may plant one kind of crop in a place where it ought not to be planted.

But I think with soil surveys as to the suitability kind of crop or another, tion will be ensured.

son that I feel that in addition assistance, mechanical advice should give technical of the soil for one better It is for this rea­ to giving Government to farmers.
and advice produc­ I know a certain area today which as they are approaching ad­ or Field Assistants, Min­ about this Officers At that is in very sad need of agricultural visers called.

I remember ,of the past Government isters matter of having Agricultural visit certain areas regularly.

time I spoke of the Berbice River area I was promised particularly.
cultural instructors in those areas and there will always be available such instructors, Agriculture to the people the advice of as well as help from will be made resident Department.

that agri­ the After a while, we saw this officer two or advisers that area of the country no more.

I made enquiries three weeks ago and I found out that are the same.

There the conditions or instructors are no agricultural to give visiting help to the people there.
I was told instructor that there is an agricultural on the Berbice at the Mara Scheme, I was told were confined that this officer's the Mara Scheme - he did not have I am sorry I time to visit elsewhere.

did not see the gentleman so that I may repeat I was told.
River stationed but when I inquired, to duties himself bis own words; this is what· After all these things have been the provision of quick means of storage and marketing As is well known, perishables made available - land, mechanical assistance and technical advice - there to which other important are still points the Government must attend.

This includes transportation, facilities.


need to be transported without certain like the North West from distant places, for sale, it means District, that one must have quick means of trans­ portation.

While crops such as pump­ kins can last for some time, there are other perishables and need to be taken to the market very quickly be disposed delay.

If one has to transport types nf ornrluce to Georgetown like numnkjns to the market that cannot, of.
to I understand quite a lot of pumpkins to Government, that not verv long ago for export purposes I was being sold 1389 Appropriation Bill-- 12TH APRIL� 1962 Budget Debate 1390 [MR. BLAIR] that spoiled of these pumpkins had spoil for _some reason due to the facilities.

This provision if we �re more and of havrng think.

I read, with much distress, thousands or were likely to or the other.
I think this was lack of proper storage is a very necessary thinking of producing a wider variety have these products quantity, storage stored for sometime until they can be sold.

we ought to have proper where they can be of crops.

When we facilities in any appreciable Again, all may not be sold at one more than we can so that w e may have some Even that part of Col­ time or nH may not be used in the ony.

As a matter of fact, we ou_ght oo aim at producing use locally for export purposes.
for local our produce which we a day will not be sold in consumption or tvm and will, therefore.

need some plac�.

We may have proper storazc where goods may b� such types of storage them f�om kept cool so as io prevent spoiling.

of cxportmg, When we think the question presents sti11 itself of proper storage more prominently.

retain But that is not a11.

Government there may be a good supply areas, but i n the country of those very things will have to go a step further .
and pro­ vide proper marketing both facilities.

here and abroad.

It is true that in Georgetown of certain items.

there is a scarcity and people have to travel town to buv them.

marketing nrovcd by having vans which are ;�.ble is done with fresh for a long them to the doors of the milk-·---bring can be done That, of course, people.

of such have a large quantity when we there but, at present, I know that things, is 11ot even enough in Georgetown for the people.
I believe can be im­ to George­ that the suit­ th�m for �the purpose �f such products of keeping time-as \�ill y consider I do hope that Government the need for provid­ seriousl ing the lands that are necessary, of help­ ing those who have lands: establisl �ing pools and makmg techmcal machinery advice so that we may see far better crops i� British particular of a wide variety of and not just one available oroduction Guiana, crop.
of the Government I would also like to draw of Natural (Mr. Benn) returned from his to the attention the fact that there is need for some type of small here.

As a matter of fact, industries when the hon.

Minister sources visit to Italy.

i would ing such industries established.

on his visit like to quote from his rcpor� to the United Kingdom and Europe which was submitted to this Bouse on the 20th Dl!cembcr, l 961.

J said: 4� the hon.
J said: 4� the hon.

Minister he gave us the hope of see­ n paragraph Re­ "We visited the Tropical Products Institut and his staff the fo1lowing e and discus.sed matters:- with the Directo1 coffee Guiana's of instant The coffee.
out the experi­ (a)The production from British Institute had carried mental investfaations and it was agreed that the� Institute should now r�quest machinery manufacturen 5uhmit complete q1HJtations, plant and and de,;;ign of :1 suitable to undertake further but more com­ mercial trials coffee from onr coffee beans."

fo layout of producin g instant wish to ask That is a noble idea.

I how far these pfons have hon.

Minister gone and what are we to expect from hi� efforts also states: in that direction.
This paragraph t he "( b) The utilisation of by-products rice.

such as straw, husk and bran.

We· were shown some interesting work in progress of boards, husks and resin.

on the manufacture using lt mixture of rice of ( c)The supply of a machine for ma k­ in,� brush fibres from corn.

The was testing In;titute ordered by the Department culture."

such a machine of Agri­ 1391 Appropriation Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1392 3 v.m.

just how far these arrangements I would like to know from the hon.
and whether they are to the to bring about any benefit Minister have progressed, likely country.

thing further Minister whether things established ure.

I would like to hear some­ the good about the efforts and to know such made on his visit.

there is any hope of seeing in the very near fut­ of a foreign com­ out soil tests here There is also some hope of a bana- in this coun­ na industry being started try.
I have heard from the Premier and read in the newspapers pany that had carried and found that there are thousands acres of land suitable I would like to know of bananas.

out, will be carried whether or whether it has been dropped al­ together, more about it recently.

the project as ] have not heard anything of for the cultivation MK.

Speaker: Hon.
Speaker: Hon.

Members, I my and I it refers should give to give �t the of Communi­ and therefore which the Speaker is in his seat, because which he said in the It I would like to say a few words on some­ through thing that has been passing mind as I sat here this afternoon, am glad to see the Minister cations to something course of his speech this afternoon.

took me by surprise, was unable immediately thought of this · kind.
So I have to matters sought this, the first opportunity, to re­ fer to the matter.

The Minister of Communications, me right, profit apparently engaged ing surpluses and quite legitimate course, away, I suppose; by but carried right, he went further and his own conviction, said that what his party and his Govern­ ment must see to is that the thieves to carry on.

should not be permitted is clear Now, to my mind, the inference that those who engage in the profit system are thieves.
if my memory serves did refer to the question and loss, and said that of profit was or deficits.

in as against perfectly a thing which the capitalists Government hav­ That was, of I would like to ask the Minister River to· the­ the digni­ serving and the fairness a savannah The Speaker proposes to do about and to preserve A considerable a per­ has to maintain this House.
He has to and that it passes at one point and for­ what Government the two banks of the Torani canal, ex­ from the Berbice tending Canje River.

I think the canal is about 12½ miles long, through est lands at another.
sum of money has been spent by Govern­ of the canal, ment on the construction a useful pur­ which is perhaps pose, and I see no reason why the two banks of the canal should not be uti­ lised for such agricultural projects have been talking about, and for cattle I would like to know whether rearing.

Government use the banks of the canal, Government its own.
I ask the question because have been told by someone that the banks of the canal have been reserved by Government am anxious fect balance jn be impartial of ties and proprieties If I am to debate in this Legislature.
I oould not carry out my duties on this state­ refrain and to say that ment by the Minister, if t�at wer� true, then the charge of all the would encircle theft and thievery small traders in the tending and fruit vendors on markets Municipal they buy and sell and the road, because are able to make their living by what has to herf: as been contemptuously pr,ofit.
state that anyone earning a profit by limited or the use of his capital, I cannot is guiLy of thievery, otherwise, this House permit such statements in has some specific I Until the laws of this country to know what the purpose is.

from commenting for some purpose, in this country, to permit peoole to or whether properly referred intends whether plans ot even ex­ and I as I to the small stall-holders l 393 Appropriation Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1394 (MR. SPEAKER] in thievery.
side of the House of Socialism anv more than I would allow any Mem­ ber on the opposite to sav that the system ad­ vancid by the Government will in itself result we must thnt J wc:uld not preserve this balanc� like any other Member to fall mto the same trap, for if be did I would have to call him to order and ask him to with­ draw the remark.

I t is because that Governrnent is of those Members who indulge on dairv that GO\;_ en:.mgh Hugh).
He was sneakim� farming, and made 1h·e poin-t crnment wa"'-not enco,:migin�� of it.

I would like to bring it to the attention in dis:orting facts, assisting d;{iry and individtw!,;; operatives.

A!

:!riculture indjvldual trv in order to improve their stock.

The hon.

Member is therefore that the Government is not doing e�10ugh for dairy farming.

Through heifer calves the coun­ farming in this country engaged in Carmin!!
-th� Department and increase are given to throughout in savirnt incorrect farmers co­ of J\,fr.

Wilson� l do appreciate Your Honour's ruling but - Mr. Speaker not think at this stage l can permit you to speak.

I have made my comments.

: I do Mr. Wilson: explanation.

sir.

I rose to make an Mr. Speaker: In explaining into more trouble.

may get yourself you Mr. Wilson: Mavbe I did not amplify in the argument.
and develop :h; various points Mr. Speaker: You cannot do that it would be a second now, because speech.

Th�: hon.

Member for La Peni­ from accused of not advocJ.ting in 1953, advocated tence-Lodge (Mr. Merriman) the Govcrnn1ent Gui­ anese unity.

The hon.

Member knows quite well that this Government, its verv inception <7ui,mc�c unity.

After the suspension of the Comtitution in 1953 it was the hon.

Member's pnrty who sowed the seeds of disunity in this country.
would like to point out that the party which is now the Government representative of the various the country would like to draw that fact to the atten-­ tion of the hon.

Tvfcmhcr porters in the Public Gallery.

3.15 p.m. than any other party.

I is more races in and his sup• I Mr. Wilson: ·1 was referring persons who exploit in profits.

order to make to 1r::mr of all The P.P.P.


to catch e River wishes not in explanation; and I cannot Mr. Speaker: We cannot have it would and it has al­ 10 get th::· co­ The Mem­ of .

:tH conccn1c-d. as well as the that.

It is be adding to the debate.

permit it.

.I think the hon.

Member for the Corcntyn the eye of the Chair.

as well as the party jn the Government is a party comprised races in this countrv.
wavs been cndc�1·,;o: operation bers of the Government party have country to co-op�rnte country, fallen Although it nificant that one representative River constituencv should speak after of a River.

First another renrcsentiitive of all I would like to make a few com­ ments on the speech made by the hon.

Member for Georgetown of educating I can assure hon.
Members that we have mken al1 pains to educate not supporters, Mr. Shakoor (Corentyne River): was not intended, it is sig­ of a With regard to the question the masses in this country, but their plea seems to have asked the people in this for the good of the entire mass o{ peo- on deaf ears.

but the South (Mr. onlv our • 1395 Appropriation Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1396 They Government education.

education, be they members of the U.F., or the P.N.C.
who in the two minor parties ple in this country the P.P.P., to what the P.P.P.

have been opposed has been doing since its 1nception.

in their ranks as a result have disunity of the lack of proper political The leaders should have given their supporters poli6cal couraged Party in the Government ernment may reach the goal to which it is striving.

they are accusing thing to help the people in this country.

Speaking of discrimination the people.


ters do not even know the meaning of discrimination criminating River The hon.

Member for Berbice told this House that the Government has threatened individuals with taking away have made their lands.

The Ministers it quite clear time and again that the present take away anybody's is being cultivated hon.

Member for Berbice say how many acres were squatted on, and how many acres were taken away from anybody.

ment has distributed thousands all over this countrv.
no justification Government people and not making enough lands available.

and should have en­ them to co-operate so that Gov­ there is i� saying that the is taking away lands from does not want to land so long as it Today the River cannot Instead of doing that, us of not doing any­ I know that the Govern­ thousands much less to think of dis­ anybody.

I am sure �hat our suppor­ [Laughter.]

Therefore properly.

against with the among of acres of land to farmers more and The hon.
Member also suggested 0 The hon.

Member for La Penitence of not pure water supplies.

Government of Labour.

Health replied but I would like to place on Lodge is accusing having sufficient The hon.

Minister and Housing has already statement, record in this House that the people in the various districts with the very hard work the Ministry of over the Health has done past few years.
in the districts .are quite satisfied to his should make that the Government Hire Pools available to the Machinery it is people.

I do not know whether known to him, but, if he does not know, with the Minis­ I can make arrangements to give him a copy of the ter concerned Hire Machinery names of the various Before hon.

Pools in this country.

stand in this Members of the Opposition House to criticize , they should study the facts in order that they would know what to criticize the Gov­ ernment for.
the Government With reference to the statement It is aching to know that members Socialist the Government enough lands to made by the hon.

Member for Berbice Riv,er when he accused of not making available farmers, the hon.

Member and every­ body know that lands are being made to people by this Government available It iS; all right the country.

throughout for hon.
throughout for hon.

Members to speak to the Public but I know that when Members Gallery, try to put the facts of the Government to the public they are being heckled cause of the fact that Members on the other side of the Table have distorted and have the facts from the beginning supporters to educate their failed cally as well as economically.

Party would of a so-called stand in this House and criticize such a here today.
Budget as is being debated criticism, but not I would have expected I would have from a Socialist Party.

from the minority expected whose Members party in the Opposition of landlords and are mostly comprised to see It is quite strange capitalists.

that a so-called Socialist Party is Budget at such a progressive criticizing as this is a Budget such a time when needed.

Of course thev are here to oppose.


The Members �n the Govern­ ment side appreciate means let them criticiz but by all criticism, e constructively.

criticism politi­ be­ 1397 Appropriaton Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1398 coffee, and that gi�es Mr. Caldeira (Pomeroon): Mr. pay around $2 t1er this House.

The farmers in t he Porn.

eroon and elsewhere barrel for picking a figure of about $20 on an average of 10 barrels bag of coffee.

3.30 p.m. which produce one 200-lb.


(1) Non-confiden now that it has become my Speaker, turn to speak, I would like to refer to made by the other tl�e three charges are side of the House.

These charges ce in the threefold: (2) Nothing has been Governm,ent; the done; and (3) The Budget affects matter working class.

To deal with this certain from this side, I will have to bring facts before this House.
J beli;�e, farmer and one hard to be here, done quite a lot in Several opposite give Jh.1-scrvicc that, before one can venture issues of this case.

one should be con­ ver�.ant it.

To know the facts, the root of the problem.

the field of agriculture.

on the hon.

Members sitting side of the Table have tried to to coffee.
with all the facts conccrni1w one has to go 1 who has worked verv that this Government but I believe into the has Farmers of picking ation m1d '.�tonu�e ctc.--­ are paying pulping fees to the tune of $3.10 !or preparing a bag of coffee; transport $ l.60: dryjn�, have to do a lot have it sold-an 58c; empty bags -50c each ; cartage to the place of sa1e -25c� we-eding fields at an average of $30 per acre which give a five b ags per '.1cre yield of approximately -$6 per bag.
There are other overhead expenses the moment 'but all of these amounts make a total of $40.23.

to which I would not refer at as a - �� picking--:n these� d::ivs we of coffee to d shippia:.

:-;--fR.30� freight Sir, during last year the farmers city of George­ and Chinese that more eople.

At that time the farmers !.

of the tax levied the farmers some extent been done, I know that mv is -thinking 12c to 17c per lb., but.
on coffee at are now gettine: sold their coffee in the town to coffee-grinders, other p received from as a rcsu] the moment, from �Sc to 26c per lb.

That '·shows that something was done i n the matter.

While I admit to could have Government would like House whether thev know what is the �ne bag of coffee?

I cost of preparing would like the hon.

West to assi�t he good enough to do that, l would take my seat and give him a chance.

[Mr. Campbell: "The hon.

Member is out of order.

''l "Do [An hon.


Me�•ber: it."]

[Mr. Campbell: to, but he is out of order".]

Member for North lf he would of the future.

·r to ask hon.

Members of this "I would be glad the others.

is $56 can obtain $40.23 from $56, The best price we per hag.

Discounting the former is left with $15.77 on a 200- lb.

bag of coffee.

Therefore, it works out to this: it ta k1.�s on,: wc('k to drv the coffee beans: one week to prepare them; and one week to sell them.

So.
So.

the far-­ mer gets $15.77 o n a bag of coffee that Seine takes him thn::c of us do survive because we hav� brn:e quantities, but a bag or two has it the poor former with ortly weeks to produce!

hard.

ar.

:ainst can be adjusted This situation so conditions may resul:.

That some of the that bett'-�f is why T am not hard on t!w other sid-z: of the House speakers b�causc they said do some of the things bear scme truth.

l wilt i:6ve you an idea of how this pattern ca11.be cirnnged.
hat coffee-coffee I know t extracts.

coffee essences and similar prepara• tions contain ing coffee •-is imported into this co .mtry.

From Canada, the United Kingdom, Denmark.

Belgium.

Brazil, Switzerland.

and the Netherlands the United States} there is a total.

import of coffee of '�his type of 89,900 lb.

valued al $-+66.977.

which comes into our country from t he Mr. Speaker: He cannot do it Mr. Ca1dc1ra: I would like off er figures for the information of hon.

Members.
Members.

These figures would give them the facts and make things clear to to The ro:ls:cd coffee 1399 Appropriatfon Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1400 Trinidad, United Kingdom, Venezuela, Jamaica, lands, the United States and Switzer­ land amounts to 5,264 lb.

valued at $9,046.

Uganda, the Nether­ Canada, 3.40 p.m. the strap are allowing rural areas, the strap.

the people in the without the boots, 1to use Since then, are worse.
We were able to $4.76 per lb., ground and $5.62 per lb., while coffee at a value of Compare this with our export tmde.

Our export trade in raw materials works out to 4,215 cwt valued at $266,741 i and it was only in 1960 that we were able to export coffee.

things "hand out" ooffee to the Netherlands at approximately we were importing approximately instant.

country, 95,224 lb.
country, 95,224 lb.

as against of 472,080 were ex- not get the 1961 figures-we porting as against other hand, I find that the imports terms of cash amounted and the exports to $266,741.

This means that there was a cash outflow $209,282.

more pounds of raw material our imports What I observe the overall import seems to be the export figure lb.

So, in 1960 - I could in pounds.

On the in is that in our to $476,023.

of As I said, better can be done in (Mr. Carter) this field.

But how can it be done?


I wish to refer to the speech by the hon.

Member for Werk-en-Rust who said that the Budget dealt a mortal blow to the working class.

This is a point which I would like to get cleared up.

On this question of the workino class, stopped working and he is a person who does no'-get the type of co-operation from the other sectors class.

to think that one of the hardest­ men in this class is the farmer, I wonder if the hon.
M Pmber eve� that is required of the working For instance, when the Budqet was to give pro­ to farmers as the for many crops, it was intended mtroduced, tection hon.

Member for Berbice River (Mr. Blair) was asking.

find?

We find that the people in the city who have the boots and cannot quite use But what do we so the farmers as was done which Members of n have criticized They should assist as to create employment, in the rice industry, from time the Opositio to time.
It is said that rice farmers get free rice, but how many other persons do not get free rice?

If Members of the Opposition employment they would offer their support Government.

After all, charity at home.


really wish to see greater and better living to the begins standards When I said earlier that Members to the pay lip service I had in mind that some wanted to boost the drink­ If this made it compulsory that manufactured of the Opposition coffee industry years ag,o when England her economy she encouraged ing of tea, even in her Colonies.

Government only loc::illy be drunk it would be called Commun­ ism.

I can remember for Ruimveldt (Mr. Burnham) and the hon.
Member for Georgetown speaking (Mr. d'Aguiar) in the Pomeroon, 1961, at Charity I would like to quote what they said.

on August l, and the hon.

Member coffee should Central Mr. Bissember (Campbellville ): At the same meeting?

Mr. Caldeira: No, at separate But that the coffee growers; for them, and meetings of their own parties.

from their words you will see the rela­ tionship.

The hon.
The hon.

Member for Ruim­ vet told the people in the Pomeroon Jagan was fooling that he had done nothing that they should get rid of him.

But when he was questioned Obermuller, Force, as to what he had done for the people of the Pomer•oon years he was a Member of the Opposition in the Legislaiure by Mr. of the United an ac�ivist during the four receiving a salary 1401 Appmprimfon Bill­ 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1402 [MR, C\LDEIRA] help he sajd: ·'Lord, from the taxpayers me to answer this question."
Then he A Member of added: ''I did nothing."

replied that it was the Opposition not his job; it was Government's ity.

The hon.

Central went a littk had gone into a drunk coffee which was imported cans.

remarks.

but he by sayjng that he area and coffee-growing in mack similar further Member for Georgetown responsibil­ and the blood dots from their that they ap­ are making a of Independence.

proach to the problem hearts, grasshopper On the question of co-operatives 1 the co-operative hat the hon.
Member touch on the evils that exist would point out t did not within movement.

We Depart­ �111 know that the Co-operative political ment is dominated group.

by a certain I would like to �ay at this point 3.50 p.m. today, on a Notice Paper re­ that I observe ceived by the of.. a question notice hon.

Member for the Nor,:h West Dis­ trict (Mr. Campbell).

a very good question I feel that it is - cannot antici- Mr. Speaker: You pate the answer t o the question: !lot before the House.
You may make speech 1t a part of your to the question of which notic,� given.

without reference has been it is Mr. Caldeira: I beg to withdraw the b ig business Nescafc that.

sir.

I would like the hon.

Mem­ the North West to ask the ber for t o persuade his leader of his party to stop pc�op1e, friends, He into this country.

bringing would then not ha vc any cotiee cans knocking around, but only Joca: coffee on t he market.

I think that hon.
I think that hon.

Members should do the best they can to bring about greater confidence to destroy confidence their Government.

of the peO!

)lc rather than try in Mr. Speaker: Let me stop you The civil neutrality is concerned.

p lease.
p lease.

It is well known of this country have in so far as politi­ on that point, that civil servants to maintain cal affiliation servants havi: no representative in this Assembly to answer been made against are to majntain and proper relationship executive branch of the Government its Civil Service, then we must not sub� ject them to tion or political House.

charges which have them.


I f we a proper C ivil Service aflilia­ charges of political in this partisanship between the and e what Mr. Caldeira: appreciat which is a question you have said, but it I think I can talk about.

Mr. Speaker: Are you refusing the ruling of the C hair?

If to accept that is so, may I remind you that Rules arc here for the proper functioning this House.

Do not force me to use them.

ot I would like to refer again to the hon.


Member for Abarv (Mr. Wharton) who dealt with the quc.stion of lndepen·­ dencc in his speech, but all l gathered from him ,xas a repetition of the points made by every other Member of the Op­ position.

lndcrendence consider February of the Opposition what happened on I can only say that Members are trying true or false?

When I I was not Mr. Caldeira: referrin sir.

I will let the matter drop.


the Chair, the question With reference to of co­ I know that there are several operatives, people in that Department who will to be removed, and that steps �hould be taken to do so because they tend to work against the core of good Government.

But is their approach to the 16th to remove g to have 1403 Appropria�ion Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1404 With reference to teachers, An hon.

Member the were working I do teachers any promotion.

same thing applies.
same thing applies.

said that certain for years without not know how true that is.

but I know with that opposing the Budget together which tend to promote the the proposals interest of farmers by protecting that they can offer greater does not appear to fit in with the hon.

Member's statement motion of teachers.

the pro­ regarding them so employment to as "Socialist".

of the Budget proposals.

Opposition We have heard �he hon.


Member for Upper Dcmerara River (Mr. Jordan) we have style them as being "Fascist"; heard them referred and we have heard the hon.

Member for Georgetown South (Mr. Hugh) refer to type".

But we, on them as "Colonial this side of the House, regard this Bud­ get as an historic sense that for the first time in the historv of our country, courage That is why I said we regard ·one.

as an historic in the one - historic to introduce a Government this Budget such tax reforms.
had the re­ thinking possible while the otlier on coffee for citrus-growers What did this Budget seek to do?

of our that it is no use one sector that it should sector I believe of the community be improved mains in the slums.

In this country today there are about 10,000 people de­ and I a living, pending think that the Government should do to help coffee­ everything and every type growers, of farmer in the same way as it is help- ing rice farmers.
also that the Government is doing its part and it needs the co-operation believe of the working-class the other sectors people would help the working-class people in the farming sector.

I shall end by saying that it is not easy to succeed; We simply asked that section community which could afford to pay a little Government country.

of the community.

people of 1the working contribution.


We found that from the very moment these proposals tion of the community and this secti'on element more to do so in order to help the of the of everybody.

1 that co-operation it takes hard work and pluck.

were put forward, a sec­ B11t what did w.e find?

but we also asked the in our midst.

I believe coming from in the development We did not ask only that section was led by the Fascist class to make the.fr started to agitate, Mr. Speaker: Hon.

Members, it for tea.


It seems to me before the normal time is five minutes for suspension that any Member who may wish to speak now will have to break his speech in five minutes' time, and I think it will be a good idea for us to suspend The sitting hour.

for tea now.
for tea now.

for half an is suspended The s.itting was suspended at 3.55 p.m. 4.30 p.m. On resumption -- Mr. Downer (Berbice East): Dur­ ing the course of this debate, we have made by the heard several criticisms try to make the work­ that they are fighters class when, in truth, for their own selves.

that a Fascist These people ing class believe for the working they are fighting How can anyone believe will ever fight for the working This is what we saw happen in our coun­ try a few weeks.

ago.
ago.

The Fascist ele­ ments in our midst were ,able to use their lackeys ment to g;et the unions to join with them people in and make the working-class this country that they were believe fighting in the Trade Union Move­ their cause.

class?

We heard the hon.

Member for of wanting River accuse the Gov­ to live Upper Demerara ernment �n individual on $800 per annum.
He also said that he was reliably that very shortly this House would be asked to informed 1 want now to touch on the educa­ 1405 A ppropriat:on Bill--­ i 2nI APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1406 One wonders whether an� [ MR. DoYvNER] apprm:c S?OO for a .

Po1icc dog.

I sure, t11� Jwn.

Mcmo;.

:;r L.nows hmv ID· come tax is asscs:;cd 1n this country.

know, further, th:.11 They are so bent belongs us that they do not mind him, abc:.

to be ti.1.
to be ti.1.

::: •·flnancbl this country of the P.N .C.. and to hc::1r hirn stand in this House and distort facts le:tves me no alternath·e but to believe that he ,vas playing these ele­ ments truly love this country and would like to see it progress.

But by their very actiens convinced destroy t:1e P.P.P.

on destroying even if they destroy this hon.

Gc1:t1.

::man to the intclligentzia.

I know wiz�ircr· ,;nd deeds, one has to be that their sole motive is to to the Public Gallery.

of ours.
of ours.

i College ob�ained when this the degreC!s and wondered wa.s esta­ there would earmarked Arts and Sciences aspect.

The hon.

Member for said he saw (Mr. Carter} for a College of tional Werk-en�Rust $225,000 Liberal whether blished, be recmmi7(:d assure the hon.

Member that this party £11 Govcrmntnt hr�� th,n':!s College is set up and degree'-i ed, we wiU see to arc rccogmzc(1 taKcs t1m0 ano done t)ro;,erlv.

by a!l concerned.

\Vhcn this are avva!


"d­ deprr•c,�- f would like to ,tl\vavs it that these degrees We have 1.Iso lv:1r, 1 this :-:ame hon.

us to ed the r-:r1ter- proposals up in this Ho:.1se tax and the advertisement tax class.

he stood in this House, such tax� We pro­ Member criticize, taxes as th� cap1td r.::am:� perty tax.

the gift tax nnd the savings scheme.

He 81so cr:t;c:7 tainment •--and the hon.

Memb-::r 1.v::: �ts believe for ths; work� that he is a ffahter ing class!
Yet, as' a flgh:er for the workirnz and criticized troduced leaves Member is & fighter or a fighter wonder that we can always is on these occasions bers of the Opposition honourable House and dcfcr.d Big Bas1- them ness that we on Lh:s side c:rn accuse of being hand in glove ·with Big Busi­ ness.

to help the working me to wonder whether vvhen �-hon� Mem­ s�and up in this which were in­ dass.

It on this side of the House It for the working It is no for Big Business.

this hon.
this hon.

class raise the acctEing i'.!rn:er.

The hon.

Member for N crth West said thar we do not in God.

I do r:ot kn'.

)w he meant "gadd" or '·God".

(Mr. Carnpbcll) believe whether But we hnve karnt from the Hnly :Sook them­ that Heaven helps those who help selves.

What we did in the Buc!izc: proposals whom we have approached we were ouite rm.

:'11'.T"d so that :o \\11·c1� 11', l this agitation the party that started Uf?

:cldbl lilt.

: buup,.:.


\V,nCll re­ 1.iiOFGS,US sulted in mson, looting and what not on last.

the i 6tJ1 of February they might help us.

, The party ,, was to show those people for loans that to heln 011r.

:;efv(:'S are overcrowded.

1 to reduce ), durinr� manv schools to take care of these children.

that the percentag agr out of school The hon.

Member for Abary lMr.


t11c cours..: of his \Vhart�m was not speech, said that the Government the number ot doing anythmg age but who children who are of school ht are out of school.

In other words.

said that we were not bui]ding enough schools want to say that this is not so.

It mav be that but I am informed e of is of school children sir, I very low.
Wi�h your permission, should of school build­ --some ings now under construction have already been - and the completed number of· children e�1ch building will Orealla, cater for.
These are as follows: p laces� Corentyne R:ver - 180 school Vryman's Erven -900 school places; L::sr(�hn!den --600 school places: Mibikuri L200 school places� Johanna --1,000 �cho�)j school school places; 1,200 schcol places; pJ<1ces; Skeldon like to read a list ----900 school Bush Lot - 600 Yakusari • - 800 places� --400 places; No.
68, Corentyne - Nigg-Benab-Albion 1407 Appropria�lon Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 14'08 Mora Point - 900 school places; -Covent Garden - 800 school - 800 school East Ruimveldt Wales, West Bank - 600 school with regard school places; places; places; places.

to the school of children those buildings modate.

That is the position buildings and tthe number will accom­ 4.45 p.m. one of which is alre-ady in exist­ Coast.
Govern­ areas, ence on the Essequibo establishing one ment had contemplated and one on the East Coast of Demerara in Western Berbice, which I believe within would have fallen ency which the hon.

Member represents, but due to the agitation and the consequent Budget, ment will be in a position these proposals.

which took place modification Govern­ I do not know whether the constitu­ to carry out of the The hon.

Member also referred to scheme for teachers.


This to of dual because to I I Associatio of pmmotion a one-year n who But be the education profession, which was the but those who criticized The hon.

Memb.er also referred of teachers.

the training introduced Government training scheme for teachers criticized, it.

It is also scheme are now praising of the Government the intention emba-rk on a crash scheme for the train­ This scheme was criti­ ing of ;teachers.
cized bv the Teachers' said th�v were not consulited.

that as it may, we need tmined teachers they to give our children should have.

Just as one cannot get clear water fro,m a rusty pipe, a teacher who is not trained ples and method·s of teaching rily.

That is train children upon has embarked why this Government this crash pr,ogramme an opportunity they may be better their task.
Most of the teachers are objecting they fear they will are doing so because with persons be displaced by younger as against their 2nd 1st class certificates and 3rd class certificates.

to train teachers to carry out equipped who along modern princi­ cannot some trouble but I say this: so long will this discon­ We know, and the hon.

the question presume he meant headteachers.


know that this -is causing in the teaching that the only way we could get rid of abolition this is by complete as long as ,of schooJs, control we have denominational schools are controlled ministers those schools, tent prevail.

Member for Abary also knows, how of headteachers are made appointments - that if one is a good Sunday School or a good organist teacher.
he is given preference, are other teachers who may possess Only on Monday a school plained say the only solution promotion abolition of schools.

no matter if there in the same school higher qualifications.

is the complete of the system of dual control teacher to me about this sys.tern.

to this crash programme who are which run of the Churches com­ So I of which will afford to this problem by managers of teachers satisfacto or lay reader, so that which were The hon.

Member for Campbell­ what The hon.


Member inquired in regard to I would like to will be the position edueation.

secondary inform him that when the Estimates was set aside a sum of $60�000 prepared 25 Govern­ of granting for the purpose ment School Certificate secondary County Scholarships High School), is what Government Government three secondary and 15 Exhibitions.

intended to set up also intended schools (five to the Berbice That to do.
in the country 360 Government said that on the are able to secure employ­ ville (Mr. Bissember) constmction road by Grupo del Conte only P.P.P.

supporters ment.

This accusation denied by previous Government, the hon.
Member that he who has glass windows should never hurl stones, ca use we can �lso point an accusing finge-r been has already for the but I would like to say to at the P.N.C., for every day com- Scholarships schools, speakers to be­ of the Parika-Makouria 1409 Appropriati!on Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1410 5 p.m, !MR.

DOWNER!

are made to me in New Amster­ plaints dam that the only way one can get at the Mental ployment is able to present signed Amsterdam (Mr. colleagues.
[Mr. Kendall dam): l say that is true.]

or any of his (New Amster­ by the hon.

Member for New em­ if one Hospital is a recommendation Kendall) on rift Mr. Downer: The hon.

Member true, and in the same breath for u niJy and calling to close the racial savs it is he is appealing the Government and let us live i n peace.

How can this same time the hon.

happen wh_en at the 11s with discrimin­ Member is charging ation?
There can never be peace in this country if we continue each other in this country is to succeed a united Fascism the evil forces us remove them country name i n the eyes of the world.

people.

Let us live and Let us remove in this country.

so that this its good will be able to maintain that arc amongst us.

Let completely, we must all live as way.


I say that if this to accuse fight Cen­ backward countries Mr. d'Aguiar: growth whether is at such a low level manage to satisfy namely� (Georgetown is the aim of all tral) : Economic socialist or not.

Governments.

real income In many that very per person the basic many cannot and food, shelter needs of life, Many indeed fall below the clothing.

some basic .needs, and some hunger, sleep i n the open, and some wear rags.

This e poor society.


This is a primitiv is what we-are tryng to get awiy from.

Jn advanced countries of the people not only the income to be able to supply basic needs of life hut enough is left for of pleasure and for any other the pursuit may seek.

benefits Th.is is an advanced societv which we aspire to.

the individual affluent have attained ., the great majority sufficient is a static tend to get richer.
of countries Poverty for poor countries to advance, rich countries the There is a great gap between of and the riches but thing, Wealth tends to and that is why i t is so poverty countries.

wealth is dynamic.

regener;:ite itself, difficult whereas Modern economists off."

Economic we are trying poverty are grounded as an aeroplane gravity an d inertia sky, we are seeking to overcome the forces or dead weight of poverty and take off into the future of prosperity.
At present we and, in the past of poverty what to do - to take off from use the phrase "'take is really to prosperity.

and takes off into the the forces of overcomes take-off by Pro­ Sir, this is wcil described stage of will agree thilt to economic This take-off by the Professor stage is des-­ as tl1e period Economic Grmvth.
Most 1ike a country and is at a transitional stage prosperity fessor Roston in his book called The Stages of economists ours has passed the primitive poverty where a take-off is oossible.
cribed during which a country which is predom­ inantly agricultnr are predominantly to shift ture to a predominance munications, trade, Agriculture of peasants of farmers with tractors It is easy to see how the transition::11 period here is beginning agriculture from that i tself tends to shift to that with hoes and rakes, - begins in agricul­ com­ in industry, and other services.

has already begun to and predominantlv from a predominance agricultural and combines.

and change.
and change.

to develop, backward al - all backward countrie's stage education the advanta In this transition-al in primitive stage very few to play a new role.

Whereas begins the traditional could obtain education, people quire education.

road to a wider tional ge -of a good stage more in the transitional ac­ starts Educa:ion a tradi­ vision.
In the stage the few who were educated are given an opportunity to 1411 Appropriation Bill-· ] 2TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1412 in scientific But in the transitional for the security of used their education a profession.

young men begin to see stage bright, before them opportunities farming and in industry perhaps, possibility services.

Therefore, stage, opportunity are greater but there is the it is essential that the horizon of greater ot should allow for such things.
where the risks, rewards for their in the transitional take-off of pleasure is possible.

and other benefits; pursuit and ( 3) To move from the transitional stage of our economy to a stage where economic I think we can all agree on this.

As a matter of fact the hon.

the Premier the remarks I have made when he re­ turn.�d from the U.S.A., what I have said today.

He said that pre-take-off we are now at the so-called stage, to push our and it was necessary economy to a self-sustained growth.
and said exactlv agreed to paid visible is possible and a stable eco­ man.

This requires the owning of to calculate that, from the to the state of it is absolutely essential for the enough new wealth into such savings and imperative man should be of a better It is imperative of owning Sir, it is essential that the working-class able to look to a horizon job clearly and visibly.

that beyond that the horizon a horn�, and a farm-even a busmess should be clearly every working-class dynamic development nomy.
The economists before transition state of backwardness wealth, economy to generate and to divert by savings so that a take-off become� industry possible.

calculate the percentage to be diverted should be about 20 per cent of the nation­ state that al income.
The economists for a there are three basic rnquirements successful prosperity: savings industries; eign capital big �dustries provide; public development industrialisation new and to generate which local savings cannot of and (3) A background the needs of take-off towards economic (1) A large amount of local and diverted into new (2) A large amount of for­ required The economists of savings in the entire country.
generated filling that his speed the champion to conform with the so that he can there Sir, there are many means of mea­ suring economic growth.

When an athlete runs with must be measured speed of the champion keep up with him.

In economics are simple means of measuring nomic growth of a country, simple means is to look at its national growth.
Where you have nations of measure their sizes, you can different relative the na­ growth by comparing tional income per head of one nation with the national another.

income per head of and the most the eco­ I refer again to the speech which of made on the subject He said that the national the hon.

Premier Independence.

income per head of population Guiana was $224 (U.S.) which is per annum.
I would $385 of our dollars assume, speaking as he was in Nov­ ember, 1960, that he was referring national income in 1960.

Speaking Wednesday, hon.

Premier 1st November, said: to the on 1961, the in British I think everyone of us on either side of this Table will agree with these points.
Today we are seeking to do three things: ( 1 ) To raise from a primitive not have enough to fill the basic needs and cJnthing; of life - food, shelter To go to an affluent society shall have enough not only to fill basic (2) where all where we all do society ourselves .

needs, but sufficient left over for the "United Nations statistics have dis­ today -have income per capita of over that the rich countries closed an average $800 (U.S.) per head.
Middle income countries like Mexico and some others have an_ income of around $300 (U.S.) per cupaa; and the poor countries an income of about $50 (U.S) per capita .... our national only $224 (U.S.) per head per annum."

income per capita is have So, according to the statistics of the as quoted by the hon .

United Nations Premier, the countries are classified into 1413 Appropria8:on Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1414 was re-elected 5.15 IJ.m.
Dr. Williams Grades 2 and 3 with a [MR. d'AGUIARJ three grades.

level of income per head of $50 (U.S.) or $86 in our currency, and moderately off countries with an income per head of $300 (U.S.) Grade 1 countries $800 (U.S.) currency.

this Government from the lowest we are now to the highest early this year and the hon.

the Premier was late last year.

So that both re-el;cted have had the opportunity economic records.

Dr. Jaga,n, the hon.


that the total income Guiana in 1960, with an income of $1, 1.76 in our be the aim of to raise our economy 3, where stage, or $516 in our currency.

capabjlity per head or It must clearly grade, stage.

to prove their the Premier, per head by the measured of The We must take off into heights is to imitate In sports the members achieve this have those who of a growth and prosperity.

is: How are we to achieve economic question that?

The normal way to success succeeded.


team study the winners, and by imitation they become champions.

reasonable for us of Ot.

!r neighbouring how they have their economies, and if how we can catch up with .them.
they have passed us, we must see form and skill of the developed It seems and practice t o consider the growth territories, see presumably, so collapse 1960 / 64 by the Programme I did no: J The report on the De­ the Government to and fell on his way out of the - Your Honour, has told us in British was $386, and the hon.

Member for \Vest (Mr. Saffee) referred to Ilerbice the report of the - [Mr. Ram Karran slipped Cham.ber.J expect soon l Laughter.

velopment hon.
velopment hon.

Financial Mr. F. W. Secretary, Essex, gave us some figures income per head of population.

national We find that in I 956 when, I believe, the hon.

the Premier of Government, head was $377 and--I am quoting from page 3 3, paragraph 1957 the national income per head was $386 and in 1960. according to the it figure was $385.

In other words� it has stood still given by the hon.
the .Premier, 7 of the report-jn first took the reins income per the national on the The Budget is a means of either since 1956. majority of two ethnic territory, to take is that of the There or retarding stimulating of an the growth economy.

I n considering these examples them in relation it will be well to consider to the national exam­ The first Budget.

ple I would like neighbouring Trinidad.

British.


tradition, they have a similar disrespect� There they have a population consisting record groups largely the stated minorities.

same as ours.

with similar tional There they have raw materials, 1956 it was $377.

In that period it particular, and here we have bauxite, had increased particular, as well as other potential but in the subsequent period from 1956 raw materials.
to 1960 it had not increased depends There was clearly coconuts, in our economy cularly will be well to consider under the regime Trinidad Williams as compared the economy regime of the hon.

Premier coconuts.
Premier coconuts.

the growth of of Dr. Eric with the growth of the of British Guiana under There their agriculture cocoa and and here ours depends parti­ It this with the In 1960, the income per head was $897, and situation national in 1950 when British Now, let us compare in Trinidad� on sugar, particularly rice and oil in in Guiana's Dr. Jagan.

on sugar, this regime.

during But, if I may use the term without agan let us look at the pre-J from 1950 to 1956.

It is all in this report.


In 1950, the na• income per head was $287, and in by $90 or 24 per cent, no evidence of growth was $287, at all.

i415 Appropria�ion Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 'Budget Debate 1416 Trinidad's was $346, so that at that stage we were not so far apart.

There of $59 or 20 percent was a difference .


But by 1956, Trinidad' income s national per head had risen to $573 and by 1960 it had risen to $897 -132 per cent more than ours, and an increase of 36 per cent during the regime of Dr. Williams; whereas, there has been no increase.

the regime of Dr. Jagan, in the records unemployment There is evidence dad to show that in spite of the growing population, duced to a level of less than 14 per cent.

Here, in British Guiana, growing.


cent, and now, it is believed over 25 per cent.

In 1956, it was about 18 per Furthermore, to be well has been re­ of Trini- during it is continually in paragraph Further in this report, 9 which was also referred Member for Berbice cial Secretary have already them again: to by the hon.
West, the Finan­ words said this-these but I quote been quoted, ''Increasing production income depends and, there­ fore, the national on the rate of investment mation) in both the private and it will obviously sectors interest of the country required the country for its development ( or capital for­ and public be in the as much as possible."
to raise the money from within largely And then the report goes on to state: formation 1954 to 1957 averaged during the 26% of net product net capital " .... period national 67% foreign savings 12%)."

From the figures (private capital and was composed of and 33% domestic 21 % and Government in that year was $48 million.
by local capital and the total capital given by O'Lough­ the amount survey, in 1956 formation lin in her economic raised was $16 million formation in the year 1960, in Trinidad, capital formation was $264 million, over $100 million local savings!

say that this unless benefit evidence of the masses, and there is indeed to show just that.

from was realized I would be the first to the development achievement is of no value has been for the of which in the Government strikes on the part of the Government.
there has in Trinidad, of wages and wage through particularly and it has been achieved with­ but with been ,an upsurge levels service, out pressure goodwill that Trini­ You can see from the figures dad has already passed from the stage of Grade III with an income of less with a than $384 to Grade II countries per capita income of more than $516 per year.

It will, of course, by Government claimed entirely dtie to oil and to no other reason whatever.
this: in the production dad is not even ranked with the first producers duction third in the entire rank second.

It has slipped third place just as it is slipping third place in many other sectors economy.

back into back into of the British world., It used to in the world, but in the pr,o­ be that this is of bauxite, Guiana ranks of oil, Trini­ 10 But let us remember It is not possible to criticize by the which we hear In side.

In is a Fascist.

it cannot be said that Dr.


It cannot be said is an imperialisit.

use of the normal cliches so often from the Government this case, Williams that Dr. Williams fact, he alone, as one man, stood up to the might of the United States issue of the base at Chaguaramas.

cannot be said that he is a "Capitalist sii:ooge".

representative the people.


His basic policy Trinidad He is, I believe, not of optometry He is, in fact, the duly elected of the people - a man of a Doctor of Economics, to a sound economic over the It or of dentistry.

growth.
growth.

is to lead The first thing, economy ,of course, in a for those is to provide to find jobs, at least, growing who have nothing; for those who have no jobs and jobs which will give them not just the basic needs of life, to have something of pleasure pursuit them left over for the and other benefits.

but which will enable He, too, is looking pendence for his country.
towards Inde- It is with J 417 Appropriation Bill 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1418 d to in mind that he formulate it is wel l for us here whi.ch led to the Budget because he, economic to advise the Government of He did not call for the ser­ not who was did he caJJ for [MR. d' AGUIAR] that prospect a Budget.

and look at' tlie background preparation of t.his too.

invited into Trinidad experts Trinidad.


vices of Nicholas KaJdor, very far away; neither the services But he did ca1l upon Government of experts from the status relation their advice, to growth, and to help him, from to formulate of India to send in a team India to advise of the economy of Tr:ni<lad of Professor him on in the leader of the his Budget.

Be:te1he:m. $69.8M in 1951 which was about 21.3�10 at market of the gross domestic in 1960, It increased prices.

i.e.
i.e.

29% of the gross domestic at product market prices: to �264.

l M product as the basic fac� in India regarded the economy is of great The high rate of capital formation which the T earn from the Planning Com­ mission tor underlying ec0nomk sirnificance.

savings.

of future economic laid which, in the light of development both in the private is sure to encourage and the public greater ft also means that a sure b asis For it represents expansion sectors is being investment.''
The Indian economic team from the 8 to 23.

196 I. lf J was, in fact, in Trinidad Planning Commission of the Govern­ ment of India from Sentember may, Your Honour, I would like to quote from the speech of the Minister Finance in the Trinidad Guardian April 9, on page 11.

I quote; of recorded in Trinidad as it was of Monday, 5.30 p.m.
So it is clear that the Budget of the de­ of Trinidad (2) there w as projected of econo­ there must be a high pumped into Government with the three main objectives mic grow:h --- ( 1 ) level of local investment the economy and creating industrial velopment, level of foreign big industries investment r bv must be the maximum endeavou the background Government in the industrialization specifically water supply.
in which the new can take place, and and new investment and which local savings must be a high creating by communications cannot create, public sector and (3) there to provide "GOVERNMENT"S POLICY There can be absolutely no doubt that programmes which� nave been stimulated could easily have been all these investment in some instance!

), elsewhere started and encouraged by the policy ernment and local, also a reflection investors desii.med of the Government growth as welt as stability.
They are of the confidence of the in the sound economic policies of the Gov� botn foreign investment.

in the Terrnory.

to foster towards of the Terri• The economic position summarised in the team of experts tory is admirably report of the latest visit us, namely Planning Commission of India arrived departed here on September 23, 196L o n September to the team from the who 8. l 96 l, an d lquote Sir.
from the report :­ 'The rate of economic growth has significantly underlying accelerated basic factor economy,' a high rate of capital fixed capital since 1954.

The the growth of the continues, 'has been formation.

amounted to formation the report Gross It is well then, I think, for us to only last projected in Trinidad declared for the that the year under an d h e said that examine in some detail the Trinidad Budget as it was week.
In his speech the Minister of Finance sum for development review was $82 million, he was short about $26.2 million.

But he went on to say that he had no doubt that it would be easv for him to raise the $26.2 million loan, though it would be well that som� revenue to pump into the Development and he proposed gramme, mil1ion in additional purpose.

In other tenth of the total of the Development Programme Pro­ to raise $9 .5 taxation for that words, about one­ should be acquired by for the year.
taxation b� 1419 Appropriation Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1420 was increased $1.50, an increase below 50 per cent.

from $1.05 per gallon to of 45 cents, or just When we look at our Budget we of has provided find in paragraphs 52, 53 and 54 that i,t would appear that our Minister for the year under Finance at the rate of review development He has said that iit is $31.6 million.
difficult, for him to if not impossible, raise money by loans, although ment - to have provided in 1he Recurrent Budget, hoped to raise that sum by increased taxation a sur­ to cover th� need and to provide plus.

So that he had attempted to pro­ vide about one-third ditional taxation.
in his state­ $11.6 million and he had to the extent of $10.5 million it is not very clear and he appears­ of the total by ad­ progression pro­ basic of Now the Budget of Trinidad ceeds by two well established principles, namely, rthe principle and the principle moderate and it is well to of unified progression, examine that and between the difference between our Budget.

Of course be admitted to first of all raise revenue luxuries, alcoholic luxuries.
and one must agr: ee that liquor and beverages that it is absolutely it must normal by taxes on are from $9.60 to an addition an of $4.80, or of 50 per cenc The duty on beer was increased Guiana?

What happened in British Guiana the Excise duty on produced principle elimination of $1.13 or an increase from an increase beer was increased In British rum was increased $14.40, increase locally 75 cents to $1 .40 per gallon, of 65 cents or 86 2/3 per cent.
The duty on imported from $2.25 per gallon to $3.38, an increase of 50 per cent.

There we have a complete of the time­ honoured of unified and In fact we find moderate progression.
thait in one year the duty .on rum has been raised creases in its We find that no regard basic principles, not follow the principle progression prices sumer is compelled tive products, to show that this is already For instance has shown a sharp increase, accounts in the Corentyne the sale of surgical and by all bush rum is the dis.trict.

has been paid to when you do of moderate in by the total of all the in­ duty over the past 21 years!
to look for alterna­ and there is full evidence you find that the increase becomes so great that the con­ major industry because spirits happening.

have In Trinidad 15 per cent.

There $ 8 .40 per proof gallon to 46 cents per gallon, of $1.26, amounting whHe the duty beer has been the Excise duties been raised.
The Excise duty ,on rum is raised from to increase $9 .66, an 15 per cent., to exaotly manufactured of locally from 40 cents per standard increased gallon an increase of 6 cents or exactly you have in effect the principle fied and moderate duty on whisky in Trinidad increased to $21.56, increase have been increased amounted which brings similar Guiana.

The duty on imported beer to about 4 cents per packet, them up to a level almost to what they are in British of $4.31, of 25 per cent.
Cigarettes gallon a total from $17 .25 per liquid progression.

by a tax which of uni­ The an increase has been We find also in the Trinidad of Finance said a BudQ'et in which would bt benefited Budget that the Minister to create he was trying Local industries whether Tax Holiday this_ object importation for field or factory, duty on all raw materials goods.
manufactured all locally under th� they enjoy protection or not, and w1th on the all duties of any machinery Ordinance he eliminated whatever the and he stabilized for imported We find here in our Budget that the duties on concentrates have been increased from 20 per cent.

to 70 per cent!

soft drinks Factories provide which manufacture employment for soft drinks by 2 50 per cent., for many people, 1421 Appropriaf.on Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1422 tMR.
d, AGUIAR] Sedney, says this nam: in his introduction in the investors to prospective book in Suri­ climate 'The policy of the Suriname the disruption and in British of Finance in So there we princi­ took extreme care that nothing done to risk many small factories in the which are bound to suffer from increase.

and there are business this excessive have a comparison between the ples adopted in Trinidad Guiana.
The Minister Trinidad would be the economy by excessive unusual low the basic growth, savings local savings, of foreign capital dustry, background thrive Govern­ ment is to maintain and combine a sound fiscal con­ with a climate ducive to private development projects drain on the treasury development this burden while government both from monetary points lopment taxation.

provide the impetus employment, ional income enterprise.

considers investment eral and by special investment."
by and the encouragement develop in­ to further of the country in the future.
revenues to encourage and investment first of all Joca.I in industry constitute a heavy and the continued will increase However, are important and budgetary as a deve­ sustain neavy may jnvestment and incentive-­ growth of tor b sustained and nat­ local production hy private must be provided therefore The Government to promote private by moderate taxation in gen­ for new in which industry of taxes or by of view, the economy, basic faci1itics and he took care to fol­ and the creation of an economic principles allowances it desirable and flourish.
of ec-onomic Wbile public economy, taxes.

cannot could I would like now to refer to investment.

Current the territory the territory which It must be of about half in a neighbouring than our 83,000 square miles.

admitted that in resources situation which is also significant, of Surinam.
Surinam is very similar It has a and in people to our country.. of ours, and a population miles, land area of 55,000 s•quare is Jess Any Member who has visited Surinam in days gone by mus� know that 20 years very primitive ago Surinam was backward, but in the last made tremendo natural as ours is, and its chief agricultural duct is rice.

whilst Surinam also produces significant try Surinam's equa] to our Budget.

They were able to raise $57 rrillion pro­ ours is sugar.
But is that for such a small coun­ far behind British Guiana.

10 vears Surinam has resource is bauxite, us progress.

sugar.

It just the same I ts chief in 1959. and Budget was practically 5.45 p.m. On the following page he continues: "The level and structure are probably of the of as investor to the prospective provisions of the In­ has Ions; Suriname includin<?

tax rates, on corporate Ordinance.


moderate taxes on dividends income tax� and of sales and tax system country's much interest as are the tax relief vestment maintained a 30% ceiling not withholding interest, turn-over taxes.

fundamental effective Investment incentives should be as by the provided as the facilities Ordinance.'

We feel that such and the absence The Investment Ordinance lays of tax holidays.

I per thousand.

out that in Suri­ tax.


There is a down the principle should like to point nam there is a capital tax on net assets and it guilders moderate, Surinam.

the framework see that it -1s not unreasonable their limit on the tax on companies is 30 per cent.

and it has been traditional When we look at it within amounts to 3 That is very because in of their other taxes, we They were able to do that with taxes.

I wou.Id like to quote moderate from a booklet try of Finance, name.
The Minister Government of Suri­ of Finance� Dr. J. published by the Minis­ I should also like to refer to a book­ let, Facts & F:gures About Surinam, pub- 1423 Appropriaf.on Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1424 Gallery.

Information Mr. Speaker: Order in the Public to behveen them appears that was caused by the of force by the Trade Unions only difference be the difference display and the working-class people [An hon.
you"] If I Member: "They followed the Trade had the power to control really Unions and the working-class people of this country to brinP.

: them all out on sitrike in vast numbers, strate sitting [I n!

!err on the other side of the Table.

uption.]

to demon­ I would have been as well as the Civil Servants Suri­ signed that since (B.W.I.)

where it states very year the hon.

Premier of a hydro-electric or a total of It goes OJ.
to state plans for the deve- project and a hydro-electric plant at a (U.S.) by the Government (R. V, D. S.), Paramaribo, lished Service nam.

I would like to refer to page 12 in particular 1948 they prepared lopment in 1956-the Guiana first took the reins of of British his hands-they Government into a deal with the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa).

In that deal there the Government was a partnership with to construct cost of $60 million $102 million that constructio 1956.
Around that tim� the Members about were talking of our Government practi­ and nothing political of the cal was done for the improvement While this economy of this country.

Surinam was still, country income.


Suri­ its national improving nam, with half of our population more than half of our area of land, little can budget for the same $60 million that yet there is we are budgeting in Surinam not the high rate of taxation as is proposed not only by words, is measuring but by facts which can be displayed measured.

n of the plant started in ideologies, was standing for today, and a of ... moderate which is absent � Programmes.
Mr. d'Aguiar: May I refer to of I have already some more of the basic principles taxation.

reasonable to the principle referred progression unified rinciple to be our Budget.

The first p in presenting taken into consideration a that of reasonableness of ex­ Budget is have heard a great deal penditure.

We of talk about Development In the past four years it is true to say that Government J,<.

:>r:; sp-ent about by the Government.

This $100 million success gramme.


One must ask: What is here to show for the expenditure the past four of roads to represent Where are the new hospitals?

about cottage something do not think that they would co;t more than $11 million.

colleges, can show to represent Government of $100 million?

expenditure heard about some new school buildings which have been huilt on the old system and not very modem, probably How not more than another can the Premier ture of $100 mimon?
Where are the new that and schools the on its Development is a lot of money.

within Where is the network Budget a It is convenient $1 million.

for this expendi­ We hear and I hospitals this $100 million?

universities of $100 million $100 million account costing years?

We have and Pro­ to this Budget was to raise a total new tax of I would now like to refer to the two that have been presented Budget and the re­ Budgets House: the original vised Budget.
The original intended $10.5 million, and th� revised a total of $7 .2 million.

for us to list the tax under 5 heads: (1) Budget had Import Duties - The old and the new Budget $2 mil­ $5.5 million Beer, etc.

lion (2) Excise Duties-Rum, had $2.5 million, and -The old Budgeit the new Budget $2.5 mill:on tax on low-level had $1 million, million.

(4) New Capital old Bud0et had $1 million, Budget ... $1 million.

Taxes-The and the new Budget $0.6 million.


inr·orne-The 01r1 Rnr1m=•t and the new Budget $1.l Tax - The and the new (3) Income The old Budget had $0.5 million, It is quite true that Government spent money on the Black Bush, Tornni I know that Schemes.

and the Boernsirie was spent in the Black about $20 million has (5) Miscelleneous p more quickly disaster overcomes it.

1425 Appropriat-ion Bill­ 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate l 426 prevent Members are asked into th is bottomless hole.

the waste of money.
the waste of money.

but hon.

money to put more [MR. d'AGUIAR] 6 p.n:.

that about $10 that when the and I believe of that was spent on the Torani Bush area, million Canal.

.I understanfl Canal was completed the water did what it to do, but the engin­ nature intended that it should eers had planned hilL We know that this has resulted the further sluices clud�d in the original that the banks collapsing, continually doubt in the minds of many experts whether draining area properly.
expenditure and pumps that were not in­ the Torani Canal is capable and irrigating flow up- in of building We know are of the Torani Cunal and there is great Scheme.

the Black Bush of Let us assume that S�O million was area.

Look at to be developed as and we will ::;til!

of this Development Scheme which costs about and irrigation there.
\\/hen spent 0:1 the Black Bush the Boerasirie $12 mi11ion, see elaborate work being drainag(: executed one asks where are the fanns and gardens in this area which were intended a result one is told that the soil upon which the Government has snent vast sums of money is pegasse so.ii drainage aside, counted show that the money The taxpayers Schemes the loans and by indirect for and unsuitable and irrigation!

that Putting to be ac­ for.

\Vhrre is the evidence to spent?


was properly to these have contributed by way of paying interest taxation.

Programme, $68 million it still Jeay�s on point There is such a thing as the law of T:n,s are.

so to expressed has to ti11 u of consistency a minimum deterrent and As the Finance Minister it.

the taxes diminlshi,w n�turn�, � .. speak, drawn out of a barre!, and the than it barrel empties otherwise But some of these taxes are to the where they take out more than goes in.
is the of taxation Another principle with the econo­ principle mic .e:oals.

of Trinidad rightly must provid� a maximum stimulation and employment.

industry honestly �ay that our principle?

the principle economic growth.


to raise encouraging savings and the investments of savim!s ing the, investment which is so much and setting in which industry can properly Can you say that it follows which is basic t o create end�avouring of foreign capital needed in our country for productive Can you the level of local investment b) the backL!ro1.md tbjs Budget follows out to provide namely, take place?
The third principle taken from the section on Encyclopaedia Br!tannica which states: is of taxation taxation in the on page 841 "Unless a tax can be administered cost to both Government and without large-scale at a reasonable and taxpayers evasion through it becomes unworkable:• by illegal m•.·ans k,:,:11 loopholes and avoidance and subterfuges, And then it states: in new industry, cncourarr­ and industrialization I would chalknge the hon.
Pre­ experts mier to ask a team of reputable to assess the value of the works done for this $ I 00 mimon.

I cannot imagine that� even by padding the value of the works done.

thcv will be able to arrive at One a total of mori than $50 million.

can assume that in the past four years has dribbled $50 million away and h,!s left: nothing to show for the money spent.
We have not seen a word in dther of which would lead us to these Budgets is being made to believe that an attempt The general level and stand­ ards of the civil service establish a bou;1dary in the direction plexity."

beyond which 1::i.xcs cannot go of refinement and com­ This is important becaui.e new taxes introduced which will certainly we find some in this Budget go beyond the level 1427 Appropriafon Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1428 of properties by the hon.
Minister gains tax is limited tax provisions.

which an and complexity of refinement over-burdened Revenue Department counter.

staff in the Inland cannot possibly I would like to consider some of I amount of Budget, I would now like to Wesit say that he saw no the excise duties which are it.he Budget as in the about this tax, especi­ side, because it was the hon.

Member the new taxes.

As I have already covered same in the revised original touch upon some of the new capital taxes.
First, the capital gains tax.

There has been a certain misunderstanding ally on the Government heard I believe for Berbice reason why those who made money from the buying and selling should not pay tax.
1 agree with him and such people-I wholeheartedly, can­ not say whether they were paying tax - came within the orbit of previously the ordinary income And the ordinary visions, ciples of British you trade with capital frequency becomes income; and any such trans­ actions should have been and were legally able.

This capital gains tax brings to which taxation only those transacdons are, by their very nature, single - the odd transaction, asset.
with sufficient then it to make it a business, that were not :taxable before tax­ which we derive from the prin­ the odd sale of a capital income tax pro­ taxation, are that if up on their applica1tion they Now, in the United Kingdom, have not changed the principle that capital not be taxed also, but they have tightened of the income tax so as to make it essential those whp make money in capital speculation actions and so on through on the accruing should pay tax That would have seemed to me to have been a proper manner in which to have this sort of tax, because the introduced capital here gains tax as it is projected can have some very unjust side effects when you look into the future.
that trans­ profit.

For instance 3 imagine that the tax say, for bought because what he could and a property had been in existence, on capital ,the past 20 years, 20 years ago for, say, $5,000 was sold today for $10,000.

In effect, the per­ of son selling has not made a real profit but he has simply transferred $5,000, the asset into a new and rather in­ capital flated currency buy with a dollar 20 years ago would be three times as much as he could buy with it today.
So, if you propel the capi­ you future, tal gains tax into the distant results can come up with some very unjust especially as it inflates, so often does when new Governments That start 1to play around with currency.

was is why in Sweden which, I believe, instanced of Finance, to a period of five years so that :the per­ son paying it does not suffer from in­ flation.

if your currency the capital tax is a tax on net It undoubtedly on agricultural estates or not crop.
It also which on those industries The property worth of all prope1iy.

falls heaviest which would have to pay whether they have a successful falls heaviest have a high capital formation in to profit and these are the very types of industries heaviest, in other �ords, on heavy indus­ try, and it has to be paid irrespective of whether profits are made or not.

Therefore, it is bound to be a deterrent especially to growth of industrialization in regard to foreign that we need here.

Jt falls relation capital.
Minister, on page 25, paragraph in his original 85, says: Budget Speech "The gift tax, as indicated complement is a necessary tance tax, that is, a tax on either the estate or on the heir or legatee ... " person ( estate duty) of a deceased earlier , to ari inheri­ this :tax is limited to a few transactions, Here, again, individual have thought the distribution ment would have been given for that in this great desire encourage­ to persons and one would of wealth, being a source of inoome should Then, you have the gift tax.
The 1429 Appropriation B.:ll- 12TH APRIL, ] 9(t2 Budget Debate 1430 [MR. d' AGUIAR] Then we come to miscellaneous motor vehicles, Stamp Duties; to collect 6.10 p.m. w.bthout to protect increases.

because it by disposing They are Export Duty.

its protected the less them for that.
increased and increased Income Tax e companies, been withdrawn, on prestige The tax also has some unjust re­ is But it is apparently faat that any gift transaction to give away their wealth to taxing fortunate and mis­ $.3 million, a total ng Tax The Advertisi at least in sults which can cii>velop, meant to prevent a man from evading death duties of his estate before death, and it is the reasonable right of the Government revenue.. here by the executed able as if the person died.
1n England they have increased years, way to protect who try to dispose fore death.

But if you arc going to tax gifts that a original times, occasion, and eventua1Iy be collected than the original the gift.

taxes from which it is expected $.6 million.

$.1 million, Licences, etc., $.1 million.

$.5 million, on life insuranc cellancou� of S.6 million.

has already part, but it remains ing.


In effect it is not so much a tax as the elimination vertisin increases minating be a little hard that type difficult vertising burden upon the taxpayer, and indeed Rev-;;nue, missioner of Inland very diffi­ it is upon the Courts, cases cult, and there must be borderline between and what is not.

The amount of revenue increase any ad-­ would be far better to eliminate tax whatever.
vertising to advertisi on those who depend on of advertising, ad­ to decide what is prestige a and what is not.
lt imposes upon the Com­ gift within the owner may change hands several tax on every and would attract of the charge for and of course it The reason for eli­ those of their property which appears to be a reasonable it may well happen of the lifetime taxatjon, pre�tige the revenue from three years before death is tax­ among the living the period to five what is prestig more tax would g against ng seems because profit, value of from it will be so small that it and it will be e advertising ad­ be­ advertis� Furthermore, this tax suffers from to follow original of Finance which ir: the which is more notice­ Then we have the tax on life insur­ transactions; 30 per cent, now reduced than it is to evade a tax on the of reasonable compliance.
to evade a away of on the giving It difficult it would be ex­ the fact that it does not comply with the principle would be extremely all _gift tremely easy to evade, either by making it appear as a sale, or by other means.

It is easier tax.

for instance.

jewellery gift of property able.

So that when we take these taxes - the Gift Tax, the Net Property Tax.
and the Capital total amount of revenue only $1 posed to the sake of that $1 million, million there will have to be a tremen­ dous amount worse than that, there is bound to be a tremendous the economy, foreign and local investment.

ance companies Budge:t was to 25 per cent if it is a mutual com­ pany, and an increase of 45 per cent if it is not a mutual company.

Here the docs not seem hon.


Minister value of the life the extreme to realize comoanies in accumulating insurance savings those savings the country.
The local companies an enormous invest come in countrie to encourage tain levels class people, upper amount, encouraged to take a greater risk than would he normal, homes by working-class Gains Tax - the which is su 'J­ accrue from them is but for amount of their in­ and in modem goes so far as cer- mortgages, s the Government to the growth i n regard e the ownership of people.

In or at least guaranteeing that by guaranteeing of administrative so that the companies to lend.
and in some cases and investing of mortgages especially deterrent for working­ to encourag the are work, and to both of in 1431 Appropriatwn Bill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1432 and, further­ because to saving, deterrent the tax is 15 per cent as it but policy holders, there is between an and a mutual Trinidad was here.
Here again it will be a serious more, one would have thought that as are in effect co­ these local companies operatives, they have no share­ holders no difference absolutely co-operative ordinary insurance company, have encouraged foreign competition, reduc­ ing the level of their taxation increase the economy, of money available to encourage homes., the amount of saving going into the amount and to increase so as people to own their own Government them in the face of by possibly so as to for mortgages would of his own savings.
of the savings.

saving is of course principle An indivi­ Finally, to the democratic while others may choose a in this analysis taxes we come to compulsory This compulsory contrary freedom of the individual.

dual should have the free choice of how and in what to invest Some people may choose a more risky investment sound investmen but the balance a fine balance going.

Those \vho invest in risky un­ dertakings a new impetus dustries, development, traditional methods economy.
So that freedom of the in­ dividual development pulsory new ideas and to production, for and they create an impetus can contribute of the country far more to the than a com­ levy from an individual's help to dGvelop stability which keeps the economy t or a solid investment, the two creates between while those who follow pocket.
create new in­ in the so that it has decided to amend will affect only Since Government the proposal those who are working for $300 a month and over, it means that Govern­ that it was a bad one.

ment has admitted If it -were bad in a small part, in the greater part it becomes worse and not better.

6.20 p.m.

These taxes which have been intro­ level will soon find duced at a certain their level going down.
For instance, the exemption already will not be long before the exemption $300 is reduced until it comes right back to the original original from income tax has and it taken a downward trend, of in the proposal in in these Budgets basic principles, which is essen­ growth of any that economists (1) The necessity Estimates.
I have examined to certain - the principles the principle relation particular tial for the economic country say are so essential: of creating ment to be diverted The necessity foreign sity of establishing ment by Government a background flourish.

investment; of creating into industries; (2) a high rate of and ( 3) The neces­ sufficient develop­ in order to create in which industries can a high rate of local invest­ of Finance may argue that he It is possible fulfil these requirements.
that Members on the side cag argue that their First of a to the creation the hon.

Government Budgets of all, in relation high rate of local savings, Minister is not leaving whims and fancies his money in industry, invest going to compel him to do so by taking money out of his pocket compulsorily he proposed to do at page 4, paragraphs 90 to 98, of the Budget Statement.

says, and I quote: " ... of the individual it to chance or to the to but he is The additional funds that will He as Does any hon.
Member honestly be­ of Finance of a compulsory could had introduced a capital Our Minister scheme the Government formatior of $264 of FinaL,;e lieve that if the Minister Trinidad savjngs have realized million?

lates to pump into savings through compulsion, million million tax is bad in part it is bad in the whole.

through in the revised in the original force, a to::al of $4 Budget - $6 Budget.
If the calcu­ accrue to the Development this levy will enable the programme public industrial enterprise celerated, of to be ac­ !IO diverted so that any capital Fund from J 433 Appropria(on &ll-- - 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1434 [MR. d'AGUIAR] development $264 million public industrial in this country.

The price is given voluntarily, ckvelopme dri:aming from private indm,irial by the levy will he devo,ed to equivalent development.
high-yield .. for A compulsory will be fixed by the seller for there will be where it The Government and wm fix the glass factory of the factory and not by the buyer, only one sdler in the country is purchased.

owns the factory selling price.

If we were to purchase a similar from Western sources, �c would .

get competitiv bids from competin g industries In 1956 there was voluntary Manv sma11 terri­ the same territorv.

in the sum of in this country tories from local savings.
If Gov­ these package deals, this com­ cheaper obtained \Vhen one buys from Western sources.

from a Wes:�em source.

one is permitted to barf�ain for the price of the item purchased.

have found ·out.

afte� gain!

!, in for that they-co�ld have glass factory equipment and better e in there about?

In in 19o2.

$4 million, t of British Guiana may not to ano nL<y ot: ui1u.

:dit know what the figures levy of $4 million high-yield mdustnal nd What is Government Trinidad but the Governmen W(_tn,� to (al(\.'.
:::>'+ Had,uu oy CJHlpU1::,0ry methods.

investment $16 million ernment goes through with levy it may collect pulsory but the other $12 million bt: 1orthcommg collect.

I do not but I am certain were in 1960 and J 961, with i:rc;r,s throrn:!

}1 that if Gov�rnment it will collect only $4 these proposals million when it was able t o collect S48 million in 1956.

The hon.

Minister of $4 Finarice will only be able to collect of endeavouring million by fore'�.
Instead to stimulate the economic growth of the lines, alornz he w tl country democratic coUect.

merely as a result of his levy.

compulsory As reg::irds it �annot went to the United States on a mission the investment of foreign that the hon.

be denied of to horrow inonev.

but capital, Premier America He asked for a Joan of $250 million, he returned l have grave with nothing.

doubts that he will ever get mort: man a small loan.

H cnn be Government erating package Therefore these package deals mean.
We have had a number of foreign gentlemen this country from Polimd.

kia and elsewher ate for this so-ca1kd There has been a lot of talk about such a deal for the establishment factory economic deals we hear so much about.

I would .like to examine what visiting Czechoslova­ to negoti­ pacbge deal.

in British Guiana.

may find a means of gen­ e presumably growth through argued that this $4 mi1lion of a glass the some to pay I ne terri­ However, when cash or in hard currency.
Tht'y by crediting rice for instance, small countries go in for these package deals they are to]d no� to worry about paying for the mac­ hinery in are encouraged of their raw materials, to t he people who have provided the machinery for setting u11 the factory.

Then this is what huppens: tory that makes the deal takes the rice and very ofkn turns it over to one of the country's own purchasers, Cuba or Trinidad.

pens the country that it would normallv have got.


In the case of Burma, the iice was·· dumped at a lower price on another the economy of Burma was disrupted.

That is what happens when we vantage of this so-called package We have not seen such package in Trinidad and Surinam, seen a growing and more jobs for the people.

but w1; have more economy providing country and deal.

deals for instance.
deals for instance.

is deprived When that hap­ of th�-sale take ad­ think it is about Mr. Speaker: I sitting for din­ time that we suspend the is ner.

Hon.

Members, the sitting suspended until eight o'clock.

suspended at The s:tting was Sir, this is how such deals are car­ 6.30 p.m. 8 p.m. like Czechoslovakia ried out.

Countries or Poland will ship t o us and erect a On resumpt,fon-- 1435 Appropriation Bill-12TH PRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1436 the First, progress.
in industry, Mr. d'Aguiar: Your Honour, be- I was examining to the three basic fore the suspension, our Budget in relation needs for economic need for a high level of local investment; the need for a high level of secondly, in industry, foreign investment and thirdly, to carry the need for Government public works to create a out sufficient country in which industrialization take place, and I had reasonably examined some of the possible ments that might be made by the the theory of Government economic to its Bud­ get.
to support growth in relation the example where economic and demonstrably the investment capital But I would think that it is far bet­ of Surinam and progress has been created of foreign ter to follow Trinidad definitely by encouraging capital do not have to repay, which costs Government and where there is no risk of loss taken by the people.

claimed, it is bound to admit-it capital failure to acquire so it will have to ::idmit ern democracies, from Communist that it will get capital countries.
fact, hear about a loan of $7 million U.S. from Cuba.

but recently, this has been s1more�sed absolutely· and we hwe heard more about it.

Further, for Government cannot deny its from the West­ I had said that the Compulsory it might be as will admit A year or two ago we did, in and the taxpayers is taking no nothing nothing which you state­ can out that the by compulsion, and generated Sav­ ings Scheme might be held to be an in­ stance where Government chances.
It is seeing, that savings are created I had pointed in industry.

to save $4 million for compulsion Government would hardly be a means of developing capital when it might Tetard the development of volun­ tary investment wpich, in the past, -as far back as 1956, had already $16 million.

sibly, can overcome by encouraging the Communist bers have often spoken about.
I went on to say that, pos­ Government might state that it the package ct:als lrom countries its lack of foreign formation capital reached that jts mem­ I pointed out the flaws in these or whatever deals-namely, package that you nay.

in the end, mor .... for the new pb nt than it is worth.

Secondly, the very often, really machinery and I was about is not suited, to ooint out, too, that very often the does not create profits type of industry or surpluses name you may care to give to them.
It is the pro­ fitability growth necessary ment.

The glass factory stance, create than the losses all the industries is at present the which creates for sustained develop­ idea, for in­ of creating might, instead losses which are generated to and even greater interested.

of industry in which Government similar profits, by However, it may soon come about to the possibili­ a take-off into an growth.
It would be salutary, that we will hear about the possibilities of Soviet aid, and I would like tCl examine this in relation ties of developing economic I think, to examine the two types of Soviet aid - Soviet aid to a country which gets aid from Western democra­ cies as well, and Soviet aid to countries which depend entirely upon Soviet aid.

Let us examine because be through mitted it cannot be through since none is forthcoming, eign investment growth of our economy will be achieved.
it may well be said that it will be ad­ Soviet aid, as it must Western aid that the for­ to generate these two cfrcumstances necessary Take the instance of India which is and that has had both Western a country Soviet aid.

In fact, one of the hon.

Members of the Government, the Mem­ ber for Leonora I think, Soviet development works in India as if that was the only investment in India.

But let us examine some of the facts.


After the war in 1945, India had the benefit of £2,500 million spoke about the of an iron and steel by any foreign Government 1437 Appropri 1(011 lr/l--12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1438 of such countries would be on Soviet aid?

Good most exclusively examples on United Kingdom Cuba and Albania.
In Cuba they are �o the credit depending now exclusively on Soviet depencte::d upon whereas previously they United States even if its more advanced that a country, than ours, needs foreign aid to maintain a rea­ growth and to maintain economic of prosperity.

sonable aid.

Clearly Cuba proves by India degree aid, [MR. d'AGUIAR] democracies, Canada and Japan, £ 1,936 and aid such of independence wh:ch had accrued the war years.
This drawn upon i n spite of ($I 2,000 million) crcd;ts of r ndia during was subsequently the gainin.g from the United Kingdom.

To add to this, aid from the United States of America up to I 960 totalled million, over $9,000 million.

from other Western as West Germany, totalled million.

received $10,000 million in aid from Soviet soarces plan and a pro­ in the second five-year mise of a further £100 million third five-year promise has not So.
you have a compmison between £ 100 in U.S. aid and £ 9.000 miJlion million alone.

So that, in effect, in aid from Western plan, a yet been honoured.

a total of $758 India has £ 158 million, and she has received in the which sources £ l 00 million where One should seek the money to the hon.

the moncv is.

and according the Premier ,himself he that two-thirds admitted wealth is held in the Western cies that have succeeded generating tends to increase year by year.
an economic already growth which in a broadcast� of the world's democra­ in 8.15 p.m. Those arc the countri millions invested nam.

and have already the ·point while we remain a pcor country.

.in Trinidad carried of moderately es which have and Suri­ them to rich countries or.igipalJy pro­ in Cuba What is the situation Union aid, the the policy and the Soviet by Goebels.

\'tho said: "If you upon Soviet the Soviet Umon 1s pay­ today?
D2redcnt situation .is that ing Cuba one half of the price she used to get for her sugar when she sold it to the United States, is following: mulgated cannot give them food, give iJ1em guns", :md indeed the Cuban economy is wealthy with guns, but al!

those guns can do is to destroy make life e. In Cuba there is indeeu a surpJus ut arms, but there is a lack of food.

I would like to quote from a magazine quoted by the hon.
On p,1ge 18 of Time of April 6, reads at the bottom of the page: which has been the Premier or more worthwhil life.

TJv,·v cannot better himself.

one by the 'shattering An entire nation is on the ''Canadian Correspondent, his first visit Gerald re­ recently Clark, of the A..f ontreal Star turned to Cuba for in a year.

He was stunned disintegrnuon.'

edge of starvation', called him.

'I want some boots'.

'How many pairs?'

or two?'

'Seventy Cuban - 'fi1led whispered said the man.

asked Clark.
asked Clark.

'One said the thousand', what a Cuban had with Marines."

he wrote, and he re­ to Therefore.

1 cannot see that it answer to th2 would be a reasonable point that we cannot raise funds from (he West�rn democracies.

raise it from the Soviet bloc has n rrenerous icccpt help from both .

sides.
What about those countries the Soviet bloc, becaus) ever been very which those countries towards wluch depend al- them to the conditions from Soviet ed their economy They seek deliverance nation which has strangl and reduced which were not even known in the dark­ est daxs of the war, reduced point · where they cannot buy a permission of of Iif c without necessity a rat:on without the Government, them to a state which was reduced this world a thousand known in ago, when men's lives were held at ran- that we can them to the years sing1e card; domi­ 1439 Appropria�ion Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1440 who captured som by tyrants said "You can buy your life with money."
That is an example try dependent SovieJt sources.

of a coun­ a·id from upon foreign them and I have here a typescript I would like to refer to the case of of an Albania.

in the appeared article B.B.C.

Bulk6n, but I will quote it as my own opinion, because I am not certain about it.

It says: which J believe "Countries which have been counting the cost of Soviet trade and aid have to reckon in found themselves compelled as well as financial political terms.
For neither aid nor trade is offered by the Communists gaining influence."

political of except in the expectation The article goes on to say: I have just achieved examining who is faster to prosperity.

far and how that pros­ can be actually measured, than another.

I have .
to stimulate similar to ours have already greater prosperity, perity just as you can measure the speed of one athlete have shown how such territories planned their objectives, economic growth which is a necessary prerequisite finished show how it can succeed mulating try, and I have shown that it cannot succeed can­ not take the place of voluntary savings, and in any case the amount projected by the Minister of Finance --is pathetically needs of the economy and in relation what can be achieved what has been achieved neighbouring $264 million to and voluntarily, voluntarily in as for instance, our own Budget to or fail in sti­ growth in our coun­ - $4 million to the small in relation territories, in Trinidad.
compulsory economic because savings against have now been sharply Albania, "These tactics demonstrated economy, hitherto Soviet Union, has been seriously mined by Soviet pressure directly from political geared to that of the under­ whose resulting differences.

1959. the Albanian In September, aid would factor' in the relations how Soviet economic economy.
when Hoxha, said that Soviet be a decisive leader, 'alwavs development of his country's Little more than a year later, had worsened, Soviet-Albanian of 81 Hoxha told the Moscow Meeting Communist Parties revenge had brought of starvation.

wheat remain in stock', 'After a delay of 45 days the Soviet Union promised 50,000 tons, or 15 days' supply wheat .

.

.

These are unbearable sures.

The Soviet while the Albanian hunger."


of of pres­ rats were able to eat people were dying of 'Only 15 days' supply of us 10,000 instead he reported.

to a point Albania example of a country That is another which places its faith in Soviet aid and is led� like Cuba, to the point of starva­ tion.

So I have in the course of my speech shown, first, that economic growth is the baS:is in any society, and I have shown how it is measured and income, by gross national per person.
I have by national income shown how territories of prosperity near to and I have shown how the statement growth" circumstances can only lead us into in which Cuba and how find themselves, which depend that "If we cannot get Western aid we will get Soviet aid, or we will get Communist package deals to generate economic the tragic and Albania communist mainly on Wes tern aid is never very much in the forefront.
In India aid from the Soviet Union is $100 million as against $9,000 million States aid in countries aid alone.

in United FinaJly, I would like to draw some --what can be done in our conclusions for There are two principles country.

in any sphere of activity, and success are simply these: those two principles you have to take advantage of your as­ sets, and you have to overcome your asset in liabilities.

our country a country only 300,000 have been developed.
According Department million to the statistics of the there are five of Agriculture land.

more than Now the greatest is its land., Here· we have acres of fertile of 52 million of which acres, .1441 Appropriatfon Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budge!

Debaie 1442 We are not - it should positive to do things [MR. d'AGUIAR] to fam1ers, .in this matter.

I would suggest asset that our country have the power be made bv the Members of the Govern­ ment.
A bold gesture by them to do �omething practicnl should be made and to construct roads to to five million new thing to do - - would be to is at present cultivated.

using the greatest has; 99:Y.2 per cent of our land remains unused.

The obvious and it 1s so very obvious formulate a plan create accessibility acres of land.

When that land is made available 6v the hon.

Member for Berbice River it with (Mr. Bbir).
they would develop and it their own hands, if necessary, could not be worth less than $ 100 per acre, so that worth at Jeast $500 million used both as security loan based on as the a soi.md means for repaying the loan out of the increased due productivity to the development economic without as dynamic a that inasmuch growth cannot be established united n ational and inarnrnch as the Budget cannot promote economic growth as it is now presented-----in any case it cannot promote economic growth with­ out the harmony of the people -the hon.
Premier get and consult the Opposition a revised ciples of economic growth which h ave dcmonstrablv in Trinidad territories.

should withdraw the Bud­ with the two Leaders of with a view to presenting been s o successful ancJ Surinam our neighbouring Budget based upon the prin­ for a development to the Government as was suggested of the country of its greatest acres would be plan, and five million which can be asset.

effort.

Further, that the hon.


Premier of the Gov­ shou]d request the Leader of India to send a top team of ernment here, as was done in Trini­ economists best means of dad, to advise us on the financing so this country and developing that our people will live in hmmony and enjoy t he fruits of this great land and the fullness thereof.

A plan can easily be develop;;d to o1 a land that will attract to come back to instead make our country Guianese rur�ning away from, as they arc doing now.
There is enough in this great land of ours to provide for �111 of our pcopk not only the b asic needs of life-• food, -·but enough and a cJothing and sbelter·-.. surplus for the pursuit of pleasur e and may as the in dividual such other benefits wish for himself.

There is enough to provide for our people, and even for others tracted to country of our forme( the United Kingdom.

But deny that we hi�e serious overcome.


from the West Indies to be at­ our countrv instead colonial of to the masters-• we cannot to liabi.lities against the matter.

The Parliamentary to the Secretary Ministry of Works and Hydraulics (Mr. Mann) : T t was RusseH who once agree with that he did not observed Plato, but could he said that if anything make him do so it would have been Aristotle's arguments while l admit that there are Similarly.
aspects and the validity acid test or their applicability, thing can make me fanatic it would be the arguments Member for Georgetown it.

I hope that his pride survives of his arguments.

destruction understand place and economic it in its proper historical one has to relate perspective; against the To the Budget one has to of the Budget which of which will foce the al ahout it.

of the hon: Central are novel it t o the if any­ 8.30 p.m. Racialism is responsible for this.
The Members of ·the Government they wish or not -- I nm not whether accusing them here, and I am not saying that they brought it about -­ are in effect representing a racial in this country.

The racial rift in this widens.

An effort country at recon- should be made by those who ciliation group 1443 Appropria�lon Bill'- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1444 of the country fed by information Guiana to the Government of of America met with If the United States of after the in August last year.
In circumstances G�neral Election tlus context it will be appreciated that the overtures of the Government of British the United States no success.

�merica, like the leader of the United Force were one red penny not prepared to help the people of this country, whose fault is it?

This meant that on1e of the vital sources foreign was cut out, namely, has thrown this Government context for this country funds within the country.

aid.
aid.

That back to the developmental development of economic to disgorge of seeking from people Sir.

we have to examine the two upon which the Budget propositions stands.

I want to quote from the original get was not only intended venue.

The hon.

Minister says at page 5, paragraphs for this Bud­ to raise re­ of Finance Budget Statement, 15 and 16: this, revenue " .

.

.

The first is the problem of To overcome must be from taxation underdevelopment.
current higher to meet the needs of a dynamic community with a rapid growth of popu­ lation and its requirements The and social development.

economic inadequacy ex­ restricts of public penditure education financing in such fields as health and and makes impossible the projects.

of developmental for speedy revenue position from which the benefits �ould.

be derived to help the population m this country and the circumstances succeeding which it.
I say that:, because it is now evident of to the in­ vision to hamstrino to sacri� is limited of a shilling and black market­ whose to the circum­ is prepared of consumers that the Budget was used by a section unscrupulous and other merchants people in the community of British the inhabitants Guiana fo� re,asons as well as for highly political profit-making.

It is clear that a section of the merchant community economic ference fice 1the interests ternsts of profiteering i�g.
That is why the Budget has met with such a tremendous uproar: Ite1:11s like matches, rice, sugar and oil, which were not taxed in the Budget, of the all skyrocketed monopoly in the grasping pampered handful pared to browbeat into contributing It is for this reason the Budget has been to its out of all proportion distorted meaningfulness.
that it has been used by unscrupulous politicians and to whip up dying support to prop up dying political of sharks who are pre­ the entire because hands of a It is for this reason population machines.

semi-popular to their coffers.

further The second major reason for fiscal reform is to curb economic redistributing interests titutio mocratic of social �al e--:olution wealth and income in the stability and the con- de­ of a peaceful, soc.iety."

inequality by has escaped the to redistribute of the hon.
Member for George­ that is, the Budget is the wealth in I quoted that, sir, to make the point which, apparently, notice town Central, attempting Guiana.

The Budget is not to British be blamed for the occurrences on Feb­ ruary 16 and their historical because we can distinguish between the Budget in terms of its pro- as an economic intrinsic validity The hon.

Member for Georgetown I foisted in this country to the Budget as if it of oppression class of this country.
wonder whether he thinks Central refers were an instrument on the working sometimes that the overwhelming population accept his proposition-I hypocrisy-which of the working class.

Member who was up to recently this Government to court to test the legality d' Aguiar: calls for the support Does this hon.

is prepared almost said majority to of the Exchange Control-[Mr. "That is still sub jud.·ce taking of the .. "] antecedents, sharply Mr. Speaker : If the hon.
Member says it is sub judice, for discussion here.

it is not eligible 1445 Appropriafon Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1446 debentures, jewellery, etc."

Mr. Mann: I am not challenging mortgages, I.O.U.

's 1 furniture, in­ cash on hand, cash in Banks, The fact re­ can afford the legality in this kind to have $50,000 than this.

The Com­ of drain of i n the case to test from this country.

of J nland Revenue, into pounds sterling?

the Daily Chronicle, The hon.


Central is the d collection would drain of capital control.

but I am talk­ in the context of detaile such as this newspaper and those who qualify necessary the decision of the Exchange Control, ing about its validity being able to curb the serious capital mains that any serious from this country deserves whose interest, Government?

this country changed Member for Georgetown for huge, vested interests mouthpiece which have a stake in obscuring truth.
His servile scribe, says and I quote: L have never heard of a more hypocriti­ cal proposition missioner body knows, has a fairly ventory tax liability its exemption.

the Department indulge of statistics infer.

as every­ complete of those people who qualify for for for It is not of Inland Revenue to In then, is he fighting the How many people in over $66.66 per month or $15.40 per week week ... or $3.20 must pay income tax."
attempt munity into ::wt-c[-har: d r:jection 'T: very unmarried person earning which many of them have not, proposals assimilated perhaps, the function What then is such as this?

\Vhat is the function of a daily newspaper w is hypocritical, the interest munity?

this country.

it must be scrapped, going to get ahead with national and development.

scrapped, to do now.

[At th's stage, tore up the copy of the Chror:ccfe -··--[Laugh­ which he had been reading.]

ter.]
ter.]

I do not know where he learnt his it is clear that he should arithmetic, but Personal go to school.

not fall When one multiplies by 12 one gets a total of $799.92.

short that is a falsehood, as my colleague event, of Communications the extent particular on any surplus negligible amount.

8.45 p.,n.

the hon.

Minister said earlier, what is In this of the taxes involved?
case it would be and which serves of the big: business com­ sins in $66.66 per month lo but, in any which hich misleads, merely the faster we are unity to excite members of the com­ upon income below $880 a year.

and that is what I am going The sooner people realize This is one of the deadly above $800--in short a but -a deliberat This is nothing I think it should be for 5½ days' a income tax does a tax of 6 % Mr. A1arm of the from e or understood.
of a newspaper It goes on, i n section 2, to state: "All married persons over $116.50 per month or (joint) $28.00 per week must pay incom e tax."

with an income one of the methodical This is another which conspire miscalculations vast deceit.

The fact is that amount re­ a total annual income of presents $1,398� exemption limit.

which is less than the $1,400 to create It goes on to state: This is the kind of propaganda to Washington in an attempt to which is kind of propaganda and which, for a long time.
has done a tremendous disservice This is the whoksale exported \Vestcrn capitals sabotag try.

The Budget itself measure.

ceived.

of income and, indeed, to greater socia1 equity the various planes was a simple weH con­ the levels promote well intentioned, e the development and designed of income.

to adjust between of this coun­ to this country.

"Every working person must sub­ mit a list of all they own each vear.
This li,;;t must perty, the following: :Pro­ machinery, include lands, houses, shares, The hon.

Member for Georgetown Central the tax on C3pital (Mr. d'Aguiar) gains.

He s:dd that railed againsl 144°7 Approprzafon Biill-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 144� on gambit Gallery property in real estate?

an undue hardship with the of life, let How many class can afford and luxuries in real estate?

But it it was imposing people who had_ to buy and sell property.
How many members of the working class can afford to accumulate to speculate members of the working even to provide themselves basic necessities alone speculate sounds a very impressive when the hon.

Member gets up and says an undue hardship that it imposes Guiana.

Which the people of British about?

The tiny people was he talking handful positions panies on the basis of colour, ple?

The tiny handful century, who trafficked blood?


The tiny handful priated who ground upon the working-class people of this country?

in banks and insurance for exam­ who, for over a were the big landed proprietors who, for a long time, dominated sweat and who expro­ peasant property in people's and and rights com­ on I suppose it is natural for them to of that Nor can it Fascist nonetheless.

But its destruction for the old vitality it is natural feel some nostalgia this class.
I suppose a class should seek to preserve itself from its destruction.

is inevitable prop itself up on the basis of terrorism, on the basis of force-this It was they who were politically responsible for the recent upheavals.

Even now, they are still tricks.

evening They circulated which reads as follows: "Beware of Red terror It has come to our notice that a terrorist certain Cuban-trained tion plans to infiltrate the demonstrating crowds this evening ters.
up to their dirty a missive to stone the Minis­ organisa­ force!

this Beware of these Red terrorists.

Their plan is to start trouble make it appear that it has been started by the demonstrators."

and to Mr. Mann: It has relevance that it is part of their that I am showing tactics stitutionalism they are Fascists, uneuphonic, and democracy.

and Fascism, con­ to stifle In short, however to adopt terrorism has academic validity.

in Mr. d' Aguiar: Point of order.

I do not know about the validity document.


Anyone can type a letter, but I would like to know if it has a [Pause.]

signature.

of the Mr. Speaker: hon.

Parliamentary You ,may proceed, Secretary.

by constitutional Mr. Mann: These agents of the by force where they means.

They devil cannot succeed failed thought that when the Budget was first promulgated by a sec­ a demonstration tion of the working and inspired excited could ter­ by their own artifices, rorize the Government into resignation.
e restraint.

We exercis This must not be interpreted as a sign of fear.

This Government wants but to re­ call the returns 93,000 people voted for it.

when at the last Election ed considerabl class, be intimidated and that we display cannot be terror­ for democracy the taxes on those consumer of incendiarsm in the city.

It is the measure The Government ized nor can its suppor1ters by a Fascist terrorism of our respect withdrew items which were said to affect ing class, with the criticism.
taxes because as ours could afford to have a sizeable of the working class demon­ section strating against the demonstration.

even though we did not agree we felt that no party such We withdrew the work­ those it, however unjustified It is signed "United Force".

Mr. Speaker: What has that to do with the particular debating?

subject which we are I want to turn to some of the which the hon.

Member ad­ arguments vanced.


I doubt that his pride can sur­ vive when I am through propositions began by saying that national income that he has put up.

He in the increase was the measure of with the facile 1449 Appropriafon Bill----{2TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1450 Mr. Mann: lf I make pointed Government.

criticisms of the Jamaican if I make pointed t o the politi� cians who comprise the Jamaican Government---· reference [MR MANN] terms o f disrespect another country.
"'Premier" and nothing o f the Premier of Please speak of the ·• else.

book, for even Rostow was Professor enough to I am quite sure did not read this in observe that for income is not the crnerion economic development.

that he Rostow's sophisticated national economic bution.

income of Trinidad the regime larly cited the example development, but its redistri­ He also said that the national had swollen and he simi­ of Surinam.

of Dr. Williams.
of Dr. Williams.

during May I inform this savant that the income is what of national in the social growth redistribution is important single territory, States you axiomatically--------lp direc�!on Georgetown it is the United and I am telling in the ,iinting of the hon.

Member for or the U .S.S.R., Central]-- whether of any Mr. Speaker: That really not go into the records because not addressing the Chair.

should you were Mr. Spea.ker: Criticisms are not to use terms which right, but you are derogatory.
are all Mr. Mann: I apologize.

The ... economy and the growth of Jamaican the Jamaican national income have experts the world frustrated economic l Jamaica's nationa over, for although simple by one-third, income increased were able to establish economic surveys that real income per cap_;ta was actually decreasing below a certain In short, what was happening was that the income m Jamaica centrated in top, and the Jamaican were being ground further jnto the mire.
ball at the ._ working classes a tiny economic was being con- level.

social Mr. Mann: l beg your pardon� was intended by sir.

No discourtesy me to you.

One bas to look at the example of hirelings paid by development of Jamaica.

whose economic ted even the Jamaica has frustra the Premier althom!h some ... one-third, the opaque P the "haves'' between wider.

was growing national In Jamaica.


income has grown by the fact is that even remier realized that the gap and the "have nots" Mr. Speaker : The what Premier, say?

did you Mr. Ma.on: Opaque.

Mr. Speaker: I would like to say Guiana, Brit:sh we have self-government this: here in and we have a internal Pm� there is a In Jamaica.

Premier.

mier as wel1, and it goes with very bad for any hon.
Member of orace indeed this House, -and particulHly one who is with the Govern­ so closelv i n to be speaking ment of our country, associated the increas as to direct units has been striking the theory of is a graphic happen to British of example Jamaica Guian a if what could one were to accept the hon.

Member for Georgetown Central.

e in the in Jamaica Indeed, number of factory over the last five years.
I am afraid I exact sta­ am 110 longer au f ait with the but i t was so strikjng tistics, of the American the attention and Time wo-page story carried a long t magazine of Jamaica's economic development.

But what happened?
But what happened?

today Jamai­ is its manpower to the ca's chief export still United Kingdom; subject and disease, last Government in Janiaica temerity scheme income·., Thev built a housing in Mona in wllich a simrle ho�se cost £ 30 per month rental, a·nd the Premier 1�ot on the income housing and on top of this the had the to talk about increased national to tremendous scheme.
Sti11 today Jamaica js poverty, illiteracy radio and said it was a lower 1451 Appropriatfon Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1452 income, like is not an instrument with by In short, national sharp-edged tools, which should be played around fools.

One has to be able to under­ stand which levels creasing the national analysed, national one of those nebulous of income are in­ increase of this is the until it is assimilated, income remains with corresponding just another income, and until terminologies.
a pointer cerns in the interest tal formation.

for nationalizing co�­ profitable capi­ of Government But let us for a moment tum ,to his proposition of capital Mr. Speaker: This is a good formation.

point to ask for a Motion.

The Minister of Works and Hydrau­ lics (Mr. Ram Karran): I move that the hon.

Member be allowed an ex­ tension of 15 minutes speech.

to continue his classes!

teachers population _from t��t benefit But what sections from its of the Tnru­ from the oil compames?

The hon.
The hon.

Member referred to T rini­ dad.

Up to two years ago Trinidad de­ rived $22 million in revenue oil fields.

Trinidad revenue dad's middle and professional of getting salaries Trinidad $400 per month!

Doct�rs and o�her pro­ fessional This is what the Premier does with the revenue oil.

If you go to Trinida� eve� teacher Wil­ will tell you that Premier liams is a grea� man.
Every Trinidad doctor will tell you how great "little Eric" is but go to Laventille, Town, �d there you will find seething discontent Trinidad's with the general trend of economic people drawmg huge mcomes!

of Trinidad development.

he derives from or Shanty of redistribution But is that the distribution It is true that the iPiremier of Trinidad it is and I suppose is almost income of Trinidad.
in the saddle, true and fair to say that he talks that in the years to follow is still equally increasingly there will be equitable the national the position today income in Trinidad of national as it is in J ama�ca.

I .a1!1 as inequitable glad that the hon.

Member cited T�m!­ dad as one of his examples, very interesting Dr. Williams's the Western qumng several example the Angostura the Teleohone Company, cently, the British this as I hope the hon.
Member accepts 1t 1s to note th_at_ �or all _of talk about 301mng with ac­ major com anies, for Bitters and just re­ West Indies Airways.

Company, because bloc, he is progressively is impossible, Question put, and agreed to.

Mr. Mann: The hon.

Member No­ formation for economic with this clicke.

Any that unless capital of growth of capital This is a fallacious was a pre­ development.
said that capital requisite body quarrels schoolboy recognizes is generated, development but where we join issue is when the hon.

Member says that the mere presence, the mere evidence formation, means that a country has ac­ quired the prerequisite for its economic take-off.

proposi­ tion, for the simple reason that capital formation in itself is not as important as where the capital forms.

For example, if capital formation in this country amounted $30 mil1ion.
or reflected estates, bank deoosits, stat1�ticallv ?CCumulating be very far from being able to take off, fnr th A (,jrpf"\l<> r0�0:::nn ·h::it tl-) :<:: l"'lr,;tq] form::ition in the hands of private individuals.

or in the growth of huge private the country.


3lthouP-h capital, would would be concentrated and this was concentrate in the growth of large landed over the next five years to say d for economic and_/or if the Government formation can only have meaningful­ is -accumulated by to invest pro­ is Capital development ness if such capital peonle who are willing ductively, of such the agency which is repository formation.
have We in this Government alw::ivs been in favour of the latter pro­ We have always been in fav­ position.

our of State accumulation so that we can plan, we can sit down at the of capital, 1453 Appropriation Bill­ 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1454 [MR MANN] In any event, another thing about and plan just where and just how is this, and indeed in part, said that in many the Min­ the taxation ister of Finance in Trinidad, who was quoted by the hon.
Member for George­ town Central cases the taxes need nut h ave been passed on to the consumers.

ginal Budget the anticipated of rum of a mere 50 cents.

I bottle underst::md :h\;y urc scWng it restaurants with an increase of $1 .20, which means that they have passed on ncrease as more than the proportionate i the result 9.15 p.m.

In the ori­ of Firnmcc an increase of the tax.

jn the price of a Minister in liquor is invested, duplicating we are faced wi:h the cxis­ waste.

Peopl.
Peopl.

: who some moncv are in­ services formation, may and unproductive.

In centre much should be spent in each sector.

thing is that capital Another even if such capital prove wasteful this country knce of tremendous have accumufated creasingly we are well off.

At nearly corner there is a cakeshop owner in competition with his neighbour.

This is a waste of capit�il.

what has been happening is being expended on services per­ the community these haps super-saturated.
l mention that things to disprove capital a sign is inherently formation that a country is ready to make a major economic is that money with which saturated, "in which every street­ or drug store the contention take-off.

is already In short, a large Similarly, the tax on beer has in the c o n s u m e r and arc now being passed has to consider what has taxes, been reflected index by a greater proportion than it should have bc(�n i n terms of its tax.
Government to be done with certain number of which could be borne bv the manufacturers on to th:: consumers.

ment is alert and alive to the trcrnendous social hardshins this kind of activity mcrchr.mt "Nationalise the rum shops".]

whole bulk of the proposed taxation not faJl heavily woman in this countrv, part of the taxation to pay.

can afford [Mr. Correia: The wilI and A :-suhtantird on the working-man This Govern-· which are created bv falls upon those who community.
on the part of th� British liquids were in by upwards has been under­ the steepness some instances such under-taxation.

of 50 per cent.

is this.

The hon.

Member further con­ tended that the tax increases were too steep.

He said that the taxes on al­ cohoiic increased The point about steep taxation If over a number of years a particular item.

or group of items, taxed in relation potential, refk�cts ana has per capita consumption West Indies.
economis: not going to pretend countrv source of entertainment tion of the population.

social facilities, must be considered makes it since its universal an item of potentialiy it In British must be taxed accordiw,Jv.

Guiana, costs less ·than a bottle ica, and our overall lower than the cost of living in Jamaica.

to its revenue-bearing of the taxatiori Gui­ the highest rate of of liquor in the British l reca11 a Jamaican this out.

T am that alcohol.
T am that alcohol.

in a rable like this, is not a conside for a large sec­ in lieu of other but certainly akohol and indeed, a luxury, consumption of rum in Jama­ is much UP to now, a bottle of rum still high revenue, \Vho pointed cost of living The gift tax is to be levied yet for Gcometown Cen­ g about t�ndue hard-­ The property tax is to be levied upon a net value of over $50.000, the hon.

�,�ember tral is compkinin :',hips.

upon inter vivas tr:msfers yet of over $2,000, the hon.
Member for Georgetown Cen­ ps which tral complains wiH be engendered by this tax.

Hmv many poor -people can· afford to a gift of $2,000 in a year?

about the hardshi transfer to il­ Sir, what I have been trying lustrate Budget intrinsically been presented is the difference between the r nd the way it has by unscrupulous sources.

1455 Appropriatfon Bzll-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1456 will vanish.

their own can afford to pay.


I at a gnat and swallowing to live in such as we are going to make which they Many of them have that thev cannot play that they between the I am trying to distinguish applicable effects of the Budget upon the poor working class and its impact upon those who am trying to show that those who talk in a general way about the hardships accruing from this Budget are really try­ ing to save their own skins.
Many of them are trying to protect privileges and positions realize come to undersand fast and loose with the P.P.P.

; cannot blow hot and cold; jt is no use straining camel.

If they are prepared a oountry it-a country understood Government-then are not to be based upon money power; it win be a society in which income is not to be the sole index of social in­ When they under­ -fluence and orestige.
they can live happily stand these things, they will understand in British Guiana: the aims -and aspirations of the people they will understand in this country; this Government does not intend hardships upon the working people for whom it has fought what the Members of the House are witnessing but part of a universal today is nothing phenomenon.

that to throw for so long.

Indeed, in which poverty is to be pdvilege and position in th';!

context of sincere a want to be quiet.


This, sir, is a part of the phenomenon Guiana, are witnessing today.

which we, in British that .those phase in which privilege, will cry out.

It is inevitable must pass through I know it is inevitable who are shorn from their positions of privilege that this country revolutionary so far as money power is concerned, less often the decisive factor.

that, some people are crying out against attempts Government's status and relieve ill-gotten Members of the opposition.]
to reduce their them of some of their inoome.

[Interruption is I know this by Mr. Speaker: May I say to hon.

side of the Members on the Opposition Table that, if they do not wish to listen to what the hon.

Member is saying and they desire the Lobby is the place to carry on priv­ ate discussions.

to have their own discussions, Mr. Mann: This Government does not intend to ride rough-shod over the rights of anybody.
doing is to ensure that it revolutionizes- All it intends Mr. Speaker: Please address the apply to this end Chair.

Your remarks of the Table as well.

Mr. Mann: I am sorry, sir.

I and democracy was saying that justice will be maintained, intends class achieves and this Government to see that one day the working its just inheritance.
as to and to provoke the of the American and those who earn little where the gap between huge A short time ago I was reading what is going on in Latin America recently income-earners was so contrasting and obvious provoke rebellion, Govern­ imagination ment to talk about an alliance with certain they have any altruistic America.. That is because that certain people will be overthrown unless unless adjusted a few dollars in fact the levels can be handed out-­ of income can be in Latin they realize in ·favour of those whom they That is not because politicians.
interest in introducing the off by telling us that it was the of the Mr. KendaH; Mr. Speaker, of Finance, hon.
Minister his Budget Speech on the 31st January, started first time an elected people was presenting in this Legislative occasion was not without importance; colonial most immediately, his Budget Speech and in the proposals past would begin to be felt al­ in representative a Budget Speech that the break with the and he promised some historic that the Assembly; 1457 Appropriation Bill-- 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1458 of which in this needs.''
believe horizon the events see British standards But what do Sir, you will recall lMR.

KENDALL] of the world a]so on im­ contained therein that the economy our people and our Jiving are exposed to the vagaries mark.et.

and Jess dependent ports for �o many of our essential would have been strengthened improved.

9.30 /UiZ.

If those words meant anything, L have been the first to Government because I thi;ik desire of all responsible country to the road to self-sufficiency.
would corn!ratulate the it js the citiz�ns Guiana emerge on Government we find?

The pro­ which a previous of this nature would be such say in the government thought that taxation fo11owed after that Budget Speech -­ events which l am persuaded to will ever remain as dark spots on the political of this country.
I feel that some of us, who looked forward to the day when an elected Minister would have taken charge of finance and would have had a greater of our country, proposals as would enable citizens to have a greater feeling liberty and happiness the rcac:.ions Finance's taxation proposals givings ened.

[Mr. Ram Karran: "The loyal Kikuyu.

"J that I when I -was referred eight years ago by the P.P.P.

My hon.

Friend the Minister of Works and Hydraulics Kikuyu.
was correct in expressing my fears to as a loyal Kikuyu is en­ I refer to the It was meant as (m incentive so that minor industries in this country are which this Government to repeal.

visions introduced might be encouraged provisions deavouring holiday.

for people in British Guiana to use their financial resources to minor industries which we now impori.

By repealing the tax holiday ment is robbing and is allowing centive be used profitably in the future.
But of show mis­ establish new and and to produce provision, those people of that in­ and that fears have been height­ I am now satisfied to the hon.

Minister me that I am a Joyal here to go away.

ln Jamaica, capital which can Trinidad, of freedom, the Govern­ of this reminds country goods tax five years; lt is not for Barbados for it and, in all these ter­ of opportunit.ies for and Puerto Rico, there is provision tax holiday.
is for seven years, ritories, we find minor industries giving people to be employed.

the same diversification which Government it is interested the establishment is tryng to impress upon us It also creates this In my view the proposals submitted have of this country.

by the hon.

Minister of Finance confidence in the Gov­ failed to create ernment 1 do not think that even the amended proposals will allay the fears which have been created.
These tax proposals do not indicate that it is the intention strengthen country or to aim at better living dards for the people.

of this Government to position in this stan­ 7 of the original Bud­ In paragraph Government the economic in.

It will be recalled that in para.

5. went out of of of Finance the hon.

Minister bis way t o say that it is the intention to see that the country the Government has a diversified economy.

I will quote what .the hon.

Minister of Finance said: ".

.

.


Our most important task is to diversify dependent our economy, on a few staple so as to be less exports, which that to be as prosperous indicates was less favourab]e for agri­ get Speech, the year l 960 was a good year.

1961 was also a good year.

and it turned out in some respects as was 1960.

It goes on to state that although the weather culture ports of domestic $142 million 1960-and that of the Government.

$4 million.

previous rice.


which is a favourite had increased by 25 per cent higher than the produce as against in 1961 than it were higher---­ in $ I 25 million was in 1960, ex­ year.

1459 Appropriation Bill- 12TH APRIL, 1961 E udget Debate 1460 by individuals to have an equitable of the wealth of the country Members of the Government distribution of the its towards Yet, for some reason or say that in their Budget proposals they are endeavouring dis­ tribution and an equitable contribution development.
the other, have people has made such vast progress which the supporters have made fortunes affluent development and become so directly Guiana.

- which in the rice industry and from of the Government - contribute of British has been made to no attempt to the Whether it is John or [Interruption.]

Peter, the fact remains of confidence, forced of their own country ing of insecurity.
,that there is lack and people are being outside to take their hard earnings because of a feel­ gave it millions And so it is with other phases of these tax proposals.

The Government A previous says it has no reserves.

Government of dollars in reserves.

them?


For over five years, or re­ new development unable to create serves which will demonstrate confi­ dence, and its Members sit on the other side of the House and say· that they are capable What has it done with it has been of running that they from its sup­ it suggested a government.
wanted everybody is the Among these tax proposals I feel it is the duty of to introduce to and make sacrifices - in that over 14 million last year, and I understand bags of rice were produced a large portion of our development funds is to be concentrated on drainage If this Government and irrigation.
really to contribute its Programme the same way as it was able to receive such a very good response porters when supply one bag of padi each to the party whi'ch is in power - it would have asked these same farmers porters bag of rice sent to the Rice Marketing Board.

Thus, we would have been able But, to collect over $3 ½ million.
in spite of the fact that this industry has all these years and all of been spoon-fed to it, still us have to contribute stage, is in a when the Government hurry to see its development plans overnight, marerialize to have these fortunate bute in a tangible lopment savings scheme.

any Government taxation which would help it to run its affairs.
But when it comes to a point that you are forced to compel someone to put money into the Government's and in a manner which is not strictly you are attempting honest, 50 cents from each people to save before debts.

If this savings based on the net incomes one would have seen that the Govern­ of the ment was somewhat various have.

Even before you pay your income tax, you have to invest which I am of your income in securities led to believe and which cannot be used for securing loans.
there is no desire contri­ citizens manner to the Deve­ appreciative those individuals to force ,they pay their just may not be very sound to contribute Programme.
a certain demands coffers easily and sup­ at this percentage scheme was of individuals, In that very paragraph, the Those are some of the proposals has admitted Government lack of confidence people of this country what is stated that there is on the part of the this is because on page 3: "It appears that while foreigners money in our coun­ · continued to invest try, some of our own residen increasing abroad to an extent international port."
payments which our balance of could not sup­ ts were the scale of their investments submitted of Fin­ by the hon.

Minister ance ·who is -a representative· of the -co'ni� has al­ mon man and whose Government ways said it is interested in the com­ mon man.

All the hon.

Members on the Government have indicated that poor man.
But it must be remembered that !the poor man has to depend on another side who have spoken it is a Budget of the man for employment and liveli- 1461 Appropriat/Jon BHl-­ 12TH APRlL, 1962 Budget Debate 1462 [MR. KENDALL] Under Telecommunications it h:.

; on whom he hood, and if the person depends loses interest .in the country and the incentiv in the Government, spend so that the poor man m:.

;y benefit wil l be reduced 9.40 p.,n.

considerably.
considerably.

e t0 seems to have for­ The however, to observe telephone building a a place called telephones.

so much profit that the achieved, to obtain with enamoured so much so that that the n d its equipment from which 45 per cent of the revenue is derived.
There is for an in his programme system in the Maybe i t is be­ other anc:t certain have never supported very heartening "Cadillac·' have produced present Government is the results it is difficult Minister, gotten that there is Berbice, country's no provision up-to-date County of Berbice.

cause New Amsterdam, parts of Berbicc, the Pa.rty contributions the people of Berbicc may have to until the end of the four-year term of to get some measure this Government of [An hon.

Member: consideration.

"Shame".]


the hon.

I would remind Member on the other side who said ·'Shame", Amsterdam purchased and was dtstroyed England this Government had paid of dolJars I. trust that the Minister of Communications will see to it that during his term ol is in­ office a new Telephone County of Berbice.
stalled in the that the equiDmcnt for the New was years ago, but remained in spite of their of the country 1 wait i n power, and in as citizens by fire after thousands in the U.K. Telenhone for storage Exchange Exchange I wish to snend a few minutes on they in­ what the Those are very good about ----whether The hon.
Minister and help to develop serious in his of (Mr. Wilson), in a manner, indicated how im­ to have proper communi­ eristic it is in a country ·'because Communications� Communications ch:.iract portant cations crease prosperity the country."

words, and I am wondering Minister was thinking he was really because the party which ment has been in power for five years but has been unable to roads of our country.
coastal the party came into power criticism the country"s and it promised planks of its platform, to rule it that if given the opportunity roads were would see to it that better built.

But that nromise.

like many others, for the party, was only made to gain support and has been forgotten.

the improve Before of observation­ is the Govern­ roads was one of the main I do not know whether this Govern­ deal in con­ Electric If it is still contacted Road Federation.
with that body l think it a member of the Interna­ ment is still tional associated should use its good offices to get assistance for Government's road pro­ gramme.

When the hon.
When the hon.

Premier went to America he should have of giving an that body, and instead to build our unknown firm the interior have sought the aid pf Onited States agencies wav extended the· money tion to the interior used for the construction of our coastal roads to create the type of communica­ tions which the Minister in his Press tions indicated We have had a package Demerara nection with the and the hon.
Company'" power st2.tion, (Mr. of Trade and Industry Minister Hubbard), who is not a member of this House, has said that the new Electricity Corporntion ernment ments under the anticipated.

the Premier in order that we might have the -◊f communications ary improvement before his term of office expjres.
of Communications Minister and Works of 1957- in the previous the ould review 1961 promised has been able to make repay­ deal faster I do not know deal can negotiate a similar to have the Pan-American high­ Guiana.

Then being spent on the constnic­ road to link with Brazil, road could have been of Cornmuni::a­ Government to British that he w so well that Gov­ contract is working release.
he should whether necess­ than was The 1463 Appropnatw_n B.fll-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1464 calls after a when Government was able to the number of calls made by is five cent rate for telephone period, determine subscribers.

making so much money rentals duce the five cent telephone it has forgotten call rate.
on Telephone .to re­ its promise Now that Government I am afraid that the is by-passing over the country, Government dam and the West Bank of the Berbice River mainly because of the fact that it has never been able and will never get of the people the support New Amster­ up there.

9.50 p.m.

So far as the Transport and Har­ took away about .that suspicion it is due to the fact there is concerned, bours Department has been a recent derailment of a train.
the derailment I wonder whether is due or lack of to the lack of rolling-stock, maintenance of the rails and I sleepers?

have a that the Government from the amount located $¾ million of stock in the Transport the renewal Harbours Department an unknown firm an opportunity vey the railway whether has done that when there.

Government · which are not it has other highways I think it is the maintained properly.
responsibility of the Government to see to it that the lives of individuals are should be protected, and that nothing done to interlere of the.

railway.

to sur­ ent to see could be built with the maintenance a new highway in order to give for and em_pankm So far as the ferry stelling is con­ to I in the northern or the one in is consider­ These are things part should be improved in the ferry service.
for five years this Government �n a report to deter­ cerned, has been waiting mine whether the stelling part of New Amsterdam, the southern meet the increase hope we will not have to remain another five years before that report ed by this Government.

that will bring in money.

If the Govern­ ment has no money, it is not the fault of the people in this country; to Government's inability necessary be encouraged [lnterruption.]
in the Budget, a Member of the Government appreciate relating should be conversant so that people will to invest money here.

I am dealing with things and it is unfortunate that I am dealing and he to his own Ministry that cannot with things it is due to create the confidence with them.

the Berbice With regard to the Harbours, I saw - I think it is the D�ly Harbour.

suggested spending this Government of Reynolds - that the Reynolds Metal thi.
; Govern­ in a newspaper Chronicle Coimpany offered to assist ment in deepening I understand that, instead money in deepening bour} which would improve tions and create of the Berbice town of New Amsterdam, should send their bauxite overland through the Demerara means of diversifying decentral' sing activities ment so that their impact will be felt all prosperity River as well as in the Har­ the Berbice communica­ to the road adjoining River.
If this is a by :he Govern­ our economy and the Company on both banks Kwakwani The hon.

Minister of Labour, with economy, says that one has the level of the and when that is the matter I do not the Members of gave the Minister Health and Housing to .take into account country's done one must approach a sense of responsibility.

know whether meeting Parliament the British an opportunity statement.
from the statement will realize colleagues submitted proposals ter of Finance with his wishes as expressed statement.

by the hon.

Minis­ will not be in accordance to make such a wise But I sincerely that the Budget he has made, his trust that, in that As I have said before, sir, these areas of Berbice P.P.P.

has been able to get support, the people will not be given sympathetic consideration.
are not areas where the and But no matter what k the stellings.,"] 1465 Appropriat:on Bill­ [2TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1466 [MR. KENDALL] hether th0 do not get done; it does not matter w people in New Amsterdam what thev deserve, that will not prevent them from holding Government Government to prosperity.

in power is that wiU carry this country the stand that the not the type of with a sense of responsibi­ leaving, Here 1s per­ we have to be fearf':11 as suggcs:ed those of us wh?
are forced by the Health and Housing, with about half a million �io per cent of whom is be­ in the country will be unable Budget proposals as pre­ and any society, for the future of this country.

a country sons.

ncarJv low the age cf 2 L If so many adult� are leaving.

to remain to meet the sented by the Government, Government lity, Labour, down and realize drcumstanccs so that some of these hard proposals, those of us who remain wiJI be able to and those w ho make our contribution back.
(Mr. have left Wilson: "Still building The stelli ngs will be built bers on that side of the House can stop being less idealistic in their approach ment.

it is necessary t o modify may be attracted to running if the Mem­ and more prnctical the Govern­ hon.

Minister should sit that under the existing �f realizes be will be unable to collect No amount of idealism can help Guiana today.

You have to you have to be realistic _ a1;1-d as 1t 1s.

face the problem know if the Government 50 i t e�v�sages.
I _a� to suspect that 1t 1sthe wilful create of the Government to n order to carry out its de­ British practical; vou have to f do not this, but it per cent of the revenue beginning intention confusion i signs.

But it is well ment be world are upon it, and whatever it may have to subjugate and take it from one type of nnpenalism to another out.

carried that the Govern­ told now that the eyes of the t�is c�u�try designs Mr. Speaken Time!

Mr. Burnham: I beg to move that rhe hon.


Member for New Amsterdam be given 15 minutes more.

Mr. Carter seconded.

Question to.

put, and agreed new and indicated that the proposals However are revolutionary, I hope it will not be sordid historic Mr. Kendall: Your Honour, the hon.

Members on the other side of the Table have in the Budget historic.

history.
history.

this Government is have to prove not only to British of In­ but to the dependence the Leaders of the Government ing that sense of responsibility as sug gested of Labour.

b y the hon.

Minister Health and Housing.

the Budget is, i t will on trial and Guiana� are capable of show­ world that on the eve and nationhood .. Sir, we are living in a challengeable in British Guia�a always be comparc-d with that have had developed countries evolution ..

It age.
It age.

and the conditions should not highly both political and economic is the duty of this Government to in­ crease the freedoms and liberties of the people, as would whether ment or otherwise.
and to present not create he be a supporter hardships on anyone of the Govern­ such tax proposals JO p.m. ,quite The Guianese, badian or the Jamaican, likes to remain in British when we unlike is a person who Guiana and the cream of our find Guianese, the Bar­ able to hear, but I am speaking lknow that what I have said is not pleasino-to the ears of those who are still as my conscience I am voicing the e citizens many responsibl It is easv for Members on the to say that it is their purpose to be certain and I know that of a good in this count other side sentiments !Y.
people from continuing dictates to stop be will not be permitted to 1467 · Appropriation Bill-12m APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 1468 near our Ministers in its Budget state­ their homes to go to the United some of whom take six or at a time.

Why?

Is it rnent has admitted ment.

Now, .they are going.

You find people living leaving Kingdom, seven children because they Is it because in the Government?

Guiana have faith that an independent will be a safe place to live in?

I say ·'No".

[Mr. of the broom.'']


and I am satisfied, not have done what the cup is doing.

Wilson:.

I think, that the broom would "They are afraid Your Honour, they have faith and confidence rich and affluent.

But this is a country where, quite unlike the opportunities not present.

ago that for 30 vacancies there were over 1,000 applicants.
are We saw only a few days some other countries, for employment for domestics, of of our present and if the Govern­ This j s an indication economic sii!tuation ment is unaware of these conditions, then that is not capable it is a Government such as ours.
I hope a country running that what is said by Members on this side of the House will help the Government the situation appreciate Although present Government, to another come down to home truth and present a confidence and Budget that will create assist us 011 the road towards nation­ hood.

the people can give them without opportunity, how serious it took so many months to the first Budget of an elected Kaldor, to is.

10.10 p.m. British Guiana is our home.


We I think it was the Parlia­ Resources to the Ministry of (Mr.

Bowman) who e, but we do not want that will make want Independenc the type of Independence us slaves.

mentary Secretary Natural we have lived too long easy said that and free, and that it is the purpose this Government pline as exists ern bloc.
But I have spent .too long a what and no matter time as a Westerner, have been in being in the disadvantages I will not the Western Democracies, that the swap it for all the nice things East has promised.
to enforce in countries of the East­ such disci­ of by the Minister I think I have said enough, and I am saying now th(tt th� proposals forward his first Budget was history-making, time from an elected to any elected credit has the welfare coming for the first Member, are not a Government that of Finance which he said of the people at heart.
Statement put in I am very worried over the future of as a parent and Berbice i'n Demerara I am worried of the Government I was a family because I felt that this country.

of a very large family, happy to produce Guiana was a place to live in and British to die in.

But now I see that even the - strong supporters - supporters thousands of dol­ who have contributed of the Government lars to the coffers more to thousands are spending vart.y away at great sacri­ send their families they are satis­ fice.

Wny?
Wny?

Is it because thev h:we fied that the contribution made to the party is justified?

Is it be­ cause they are satisfied--- Karran: "Looting!

"]-We ing in Berbice, ing in Berbice power has no influence dam.

[Laughter.]

and there will be no loot­ the Government because in New Amster� had no loot­ (Mr. Ram in These are things which the Govern­ when their own - affluent people, responsible ment must take seriously supporters people in the community - are running out of British Gui'ana.
sending their They started by Govern- moneys out.

-as the to any reasonable disclose of Home Affairs (Mr. of the Budget Speech The Minister Rai) : A perusal will, I think, person that the Government oosals fully to solve the problems it is beset.

It is tru.e that there are constituting many persons in this House and outside in its pro­ is struggling man­ with which of this House, outlined therein the minprity 1469 Appropriat:on B:ll---12TH APRIL, 1962 Budr:et Debate 1470 [i\fa.
RAI] Many Members, constituting the in but the says he does a vicious therein.

policies from New Amster­ of this country.

and tensions in the com­ capitalism cannot solve the that people arc leaving the But and 5.3 forth ad nausearn.
are saying that the Govern­ in confidence features which they It is quite some minorities, who are opposed to certain ment must try to restore the Budget, the country; fear are embedded country true to say that those persons, or some of those who arc making these of them i n any oase, must realize that in thjs 10.lnrges are the guilty parties 17th century fear.

'That respect.
'That respect.

They are spreading problems - is one of their psychological weapons of fear in the community, fear spreading insecurity� and spreading sowing distrust racial animosjties munity.. Government, there govern this country to successfully among an must be substantial harmony the races who live here.
("Hear, the major There is no antipathy between none what• race groups of this country, ever, and this is merely something arti­ ficial which is being created to keep the working-class for themselves in the I have read where a certain beer com� a dividend My hon.

Friend dam, the Deputy Speaker, not wish a new form of slavery.

Right here in who this House we have persons are advocating a severe to investors, ing employment portunity to secure enormous dividends.
Press recently pany declared I take the view that where a man has invested society he has factors of k nown factors, return But this does not mean that such persons are entitled to collect per cent in for Local Government.

money to local authorities.

used The hon.

Member for Kitty ( Mr. on a few points re under the guise of provid­ for people, taken some risk owing to and some un-­ to a fair he has invested.
form of slavery, which wil1 give or any other Government, \Ve are all a�reed that for this for themselves 40 to the Department his money, and form of slav,:ry from the capital competition he is entitled dividends.

people apart.

of 40 per cent.

of Local Gov­ touched hear"j. where jn this the op­ but today it lends at is ren­ Government Joaquin) lating ernment and my responsibility Government.

and said that in lending some years ago to charge only 4 per cen � interest, rates.
The Central dering service and it knds them money to execute Much of that money the Central ernment rates of interest, and does not make any profit in lending authorHics.

to the local authorities , them to enable works of a capital has to borrow at commercial such money to local commcrical nature.

Gov­ My friend said that this Govern­ tax holidays.

The in granting tax holidays.

the �onsumers was, I take it.

to enable the with foreign beer of its venture.


on a wrong policy This beer but of this from whom 40 per cent have been taken.

So that we ment has embarked in withdrawing company is enjoying object of the Government tax holidavs "10 con1pete company and to make a success !not to expl1oit: country, dividends must be careful say they are opposed tax holidays do not polies, that Government private lect 40 per cent dividends ordinary beer.
when we hear persons to the Budget, that mono­ encourage and that people who are saying enterprise do col- from the man in this country not themselve\ does not care f or who drinks The hon.

Member also asked: why pay rates?

He docsn 't the Government that local authorities should afao says local My friend knows that pay rates.

authorities do not rate themselves, and as a member of a local authority member of the he should see to it that local authorities levy rates on their own properties villages.
and a Board Local Government in the the false analogy He utters ·1471 Appropriation Btfll-12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate · 1472 about choke­ within their ability.

for instance, What is happening give protection There have been many reports and complaints, and-rob.

everyday in Here.

this City regarding job have a very difficult again, the Police to do, and hon.

Members on the opposite side of the House as well as the people in the community the '.Police in performing task.
should assist a very difficult choke-and-rob?

by the Central does not pay rates in the United but many of the areas and in local for those as they do in the United As a matter of fact, to put many of the services Government .of local in respect are in the United Kingdom by local authorities, that this Gover•0iment while the Government Kingdom pays rates, services in the rural government areas are rendered by the Central which does not Government charge the local authorities services, Kingdom.
it more correctly, performed in this country authorities, performed example, educational services, services.

services it may be true-that Government pay rates on its properties, it nevertheless subsidizes education ernment because crease which were -co1lecting grants from the Central is not unmindful last year there was an ad hoc in­ in the form of police, facilities.

of 25 per cent to local authorities services and health So while does not administrative for health of its position, Government.
and oolice But Gov­ on my part with the in respect for security, But the of their duties.

who is in charge of or I wish to say that there has not been and there will be no interference part or on my Ministry's Police Minister, responsible and order, form in relation community.
he is properly ing under his portfolio, so far as the Police proper treatment has a very heavy duty to per­ ,to every person in the It is his duty to see that informed on matters com­ and that persons, receive are concerned, at all times.

public peace Some politicians [/ nterruption.]

are saying today­ Mr. Speaker: let Hon.

Members, us carry on with expedition please.

and dispatch, security- of Home Affairs, for Police is concerned.

I do not The hon.
I do not The hon.

Member for Campbellville seems to be very fond, (Mr. Bissember) when he speaks in this House, of attack­ ing me and the Ministry 50 far as my r�soonsibility ancl internal think he should bring his professional grievances into this forum; he should take those grievanc shou}d not attempt charges there to serve the community of race.

The Pol ice are doing a very difficult and doing it to the best of their ability.
10.20 p.m. to make unfounded who are only job under difficult irrespective es to the Courts, circumstanc the Police against and es, Their task is not a very one; having to arrest someone, the opportunity I have said this publicly, and I am in this House to taking say it again.

pleasant to se·arch prosecute someone of the law.

We must view the task of the Police in that light.

to serve the whole community and to They are hired someone's premises, or to for the infringement Order.
I have not heard Mr. Rai: Some politicians to show why the Order should be withdrawn, are say­ ing that we should not have had the Emergency any arguments Emergency but I take it that they are saying that they cannot go about their lawful busi­ I have ness without fear in their hearts.

on the heard of "Double Delight" radio - X.M.

Rum and-Pepsi Cola.

Delight" I saw another "Double 1962 - arson 16th February, Friday, and loo.ting in this country.
were rampant The Emergency curtail persons tect the civil rights sons in the community;; Order is not there to of but to pro­ of per­ the civil rights in the community, and liberties and liberties to protect on 1473 Appropriafon Bill-­ 12TH APRIL, 1962 Budget Debate 14 7 4 [MR. RAI] the lives and citizens against wise commit aggression.
properties whom some might other- of peaceful into force consequent The Government the present in state of Emer­ has no interest disturbance continuing gency brought the civil Friday, February is necessary bility country and order.

consistent for safeguarding and for maintain which took place on 16� 1962. longer with its responsi­ the security ing pub]JC of the peace than on pub­ the exis�ence of Emergency be disembodied.

there has been no curtail­ 14th March.

while the B.G.
while the B.G.

Volunteer Force will soon Despite Legislation ment on the right to hold meetings, lic or private.

and indeed to meetings be he]d as hcfore 16th February, 1962.

The Legislation is intended to to protect Government and liberties� the lives and property peaceful citizens might otherwise the civil rights or processions, and proccss;ons whom some commit aggression.
has the position The Government continued against enable the of In keeping with this policv two help the order have return­ companies of troops which hact' been flown i n into British Guiana to Police in maintaining ed to the United Kingdom and all Her Majesty's of duty in the country.
relating semblies fined area around the Public Buildings was not The Proclamation as­ ons in a small de­ to gatherings, and processi ships have been relieved after its expiry meetings, renewed on the p.m. under constant the Emergency the state of Public appeals assist speedy end.

review and will remow altogeth in part or er as and to the Emergency Order warrants, in the country to all persons in bringing to a ADJOURNMENT Resolred now adjourn April, 1962."

[Mr. B. H.

Benn.]
[Mr. B. H.

Benn.]

do "That this Assembly 13th until 2 p.m. on Friday; Adjourned accordingly at 10.30