Patent ID: 9666426
Date: 2017-05-30
CPC Classifications: C25D,H01L

Claim:
1. A method for substrate metallization from electrolyte comprising: flowing a metal salt electrolyte into an immersion cell; transferring a substrate to a substrate holder that is electrically in contact with a conductive layer on a surface of the substrate; applying a first bias voltage to the substrate; applying an electrical current to at least one electrode connecting to at least one power supply, wherein the at least one electrode acts as an anode; applying an ultrasonic wave to the substrate via at least one ultrasonic device disposed at the side of the anode and oscillating the substrate holder so that the substrate moves periodically along a wave propagation direction with an amplitude and a frequency, wherein the wave propagation direction is perpendicular to the substrate surface and the anode plane, wherein each portion on the substrate receives a full cycle of intensity when the substrate moves a full distance Δd, wherein each location of substrate receives the same amount of acoustic intensity including the same average intensity, the same maximum intensity, and the same minimum intensity, wherein wherein n is an integer number starting from 1 and λ is the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave; stopping the application of the ultrasonic wave and stopping oscillation of the substrate holder; applying a second bias voltage on the semiconductor substrate; bringing the substrate out of the metal salt electrolyte.