Patent ID: 9630851
Date: 2017-04-25
CPC Classifications: B82Y,C01B,C07C,G01N

Claim:
1. A process for making an electrochemical sensor comprising exposing an elemental carbon substrate to an aprotic reaction mixture containing a base and a compound with a general formula in which X denotes a covalently attached atom or group which forms an X − anion and each Z is a covalently attached moiety comprising a plurality of atoms, which remains attached and does not have a hydrogen atom directly attached to the atom which is directly attached to the —CH 2 X or —CHX group; wherein each Z is such that said compound has any of the following five general formulae wherein R wherein the base is strong enough to remove a hydrogen atom from the carbon atom to which X is attached, and thereafter incorporating the carbon with the attached species into an electrochemical sensor in which the attached species undergoes reversible electrochemical reduction and oxidation.