Patent ID: 9721767
Date: 2017-08-01
CPC Classifications: C23C,G11B,H01J

Claim:
1. A method comprising: depositing a functional layer over a substrate; depositing a granular layer over the functional layer, the granular layer including a first material defining a plurality of grains separated by a second material defining grain boundaries of the plurality of grains, wherein the second material defining the grain boundaries of the plurality of grains comprises at least one of a metal oxide or nitride; removing the second material from the granular layer such that the plurality of grains of the granular layer define a hard mask layer on the functional layer; and removing portions of the functional layer not masked by the hard mask layer, wherein the depositing of the functional layer, the depositing of the granular layer, removing the second material, and removing the portions of the functional layer are performed in a vacuum environment.