Patent ID: 9670588
Date: 2017-06-06
CPC Classifications: C25D,H01L

Claim:
1. An electroplating apparatus comprising: (a) a plating chamber configured to contain an electrolyte and an anode while electroplating metal onto a substantially planar substrate; (b) a substrate holder configured to hold the substantially planar substrate such that a plating face of the substrate is separated from the anode during electroplating; and (c) an anisotropic high resistance ionic current source (AHRICS) having an edge region and a central region and comprising a substrate-facing surface having a shape that provides a greater distance to the substrate from the edge region than from the central region during electroplating, wherein the AHRICS is positioned such that the plating face of the substrate is within 10 mm of the closest AHRICS surface during electroplating.