Patent ID: 9640749
Date: 2017-05-02
CPC Classifications: B41J,H01L,Y10T

Claim:
1. A piezoelectric/electrostrictive element comprising: a piezoelectric body including a through-hole in communication with a first main surface and a second main surface; a through-hole electrode formed on an inner side surface of the through-hole; a first electrode formed on the first main surface of the piezoelectric body, the first electrode connected to the through-hole electrode; a second electrode formed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body, the second electrode connected to the through-hole electrode; and a third electrode formed on the second main surface of the piezoelectric body, the third electrode isolated from the second electrode, wherein a calculated average roughness in the inner side surface being larger than 0.11 microns and smaller than 16 microns, and wherein a maximum height roughness in the inner side surface being larger than 0.2 microns and smaller than 20 microns.