Patent ID: 9356253
Filing Date: 2016-05-31
CPC Classification: H01L

Claim Text:
1. An organic electroluminescent element, comprising: a lower electrode; an organic functional layer on the lower electrode; and an upper electrode on the organic functional layer, the upper electrode having a crystalline structure, wherein profile of an upper surface of the upper electrode has a kurtosis of between −0.7 and 0.3 inclusive, oxygen is distributed in the organic functional layer, the oxygen being distributed from an interface with the upper electrode to a depth of no more than 18 nm, the upper electrode has been formed by magnetron sputtering with an ion current density per unit dynamic rate being in a range of 0.2 mA/cm the upper electrode has been formed by the magnetron sputtering with a distance between a target and a film-forming substrate being 50 mm to 80 mm inclusive, the upper electrode has been formed by the magnetron sputtering with an inert gas flow being in a range of 100 sccm to 500 sccm inclusive, the upper electrode has been formed by the magnetron sputtering with an oxygen gas flow being in a range of 5 sccm to 25 sccm inclusive, the upper electrode has been formed by the magnetron sputtering with a pulse frequency of current applied to the target being in a range of 100 kHz to 500 kHz inclusive, and the upper electrode has been formed by the magnetron sputtering with a duty ratio being in a range of 60% to 73% inclusive.