Patent ID: 11878602
Assignee: STATE GRID FUJIAN ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY LIMITED
Field: Computer technology (Electrical engineering)
Classification: CPC B  H  G  Y | IPC B  G  H

Claim 2:
3. The method for establishing an active distribution network planning model considering location and capacity determination of an electric vehicle charging station according to claim 1, wherein step S3 particularly comprises:
an objective function of the nested planning model being:, ⁢
        
          min
          ⁢
          
            {
            
              
                
                  
                    
                      f
                      1
                    
                    =
                    
                      
                        
                          
                            
                              r
                              ⁡
                              
                                (
                                
                                  1
                                  +
                                  r
                                
                                )
                              
                            
                            η
                          
                          
                            
                              
                                (
                                
                                  1
                                  +
                                  r
                                
                                )
                              
                              η
                            
                            -
                            1
                          
                        
                        ⁢
                        
                          C
                          inv
                        
                      
                      +
                      
                        C
                        ope
                      
                    
                  
                
              
              
                
                  
                    
                      
                        f
                        2
                      
                      =
                      
                        
                          ∑
                          
                            s
                            =
                            1
                          
                          96
                        
                        ⁢
                        
                          
                            ∑
                            
                              i
                              =
                              1
                            
                            n
                          
                          ⁢
                          
                            
                              U
                              
                                s
                                ,
                                i
                              
                              level
                            
                            /
                            
                              (
                              
                                96
                                ·
                                n
                              
                              )
                            
                          
                        
                      
                    
                    ,
                    
                      i
                      ∈
                      Ω
                    
                    ,
                    
                      s
                      ∈
                      
                        Ω
                        s
                      
                    
                  
                
              
              
                
                  
                    
                      
                        f
                        3
                      
                      =
                      
                        1
                        /
                        
                          (
                          
                            365
                            ·
                            
                              
                                ∑
                                
                                  t
                                  =
                                  1
                                
                                24
                              
                              ⁢
                              
                                
                                  ∑
                                  
                                    k
                                    ∈
                                    
                                      Ω
                                      od
                                    
                                  
                                
                                ⁢
                                
                                  
                                    f
                                    
                                      k
                                      ,
                                      t
                                    
                                    road
                                  
                                  ⁢
                                  
                                    x
                                    k
                                    load
                                  
                                
                              
                            
                          
                          )
                        
                      
                    
                    ,
                    
                      t
                      ∈
                      T
                    
                  
                
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        15
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          C
          inv
        
        =
        
          
            
              p
              DG
            
            ⁡
            
              (
              
                
                  
                    c
                    1
                    PV
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    
                      ∑
                      
                        j
                        ∈
                        
                          Ω
                          PV
                        
                      
                    
                    ⁢
                    
                      N
                      j
                    
                  
                
                +
                
                  
                    c
                    1
                    WG
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    
                      ∑
                      
                        k
                        ∈
                        
                          Ω
                          WG
                        
                      
                    
                    ⁢
                    
                      N
                      j
                    
                  
                
              
              )
            
          
          +
          
            
              c
              CS
            
            ⁢
            
              
                ∑
                
                  i
                  ∈
                  Ω
                
              
              ⁢
              
                
                  z
                  i
                  CS
                
                ⁢
                
                  x
                  i
                  CS
                
              
            
          
          +
          
            
              ∑
              
                k
                ∈
                
                  Ω
                  BS
                
              
            
            ⁢
            
              
                x
                k
                BS
              
              ⁡
              
                (
                
                  
                    
                      c
                      1
                      BS
                    
                    ⁢
                    
                      S
                      max
                      BS
                    
                  
                  +
                  
                    
                      c
                      2
                      BS
                    
                    ⁢
                    
                      P
                      max
                      BS
                    
                  
                
                )
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        16
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          C
          ope
        
        =
        
          
            
              c
              2
              PV
            
            ⁢
            
              
                ∑
                
                  s
                  ∈
                  
                    Ω
                    s
                  
                
              
              ⁢
              
                
                  ∑
                  
                    j
                    ∈
                    
                      Ω
                      PV
                    
                  
                
                ⁢
                
                  Δ
                  ⁢
                  
                    
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    t
                    s
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    PV
                  
                
              
            
          
          +
          
            
              c
              2
              WG
            
            ⁢
            
              
                ∑
                
                  s
                  ∈
                  
                    Ω
                    s
                  
                
              
              ⁢
              
                
                  ∑
                  
                    j
                    ∈
                    
                      Ω
                      WG
                    
                  
                
                ⁢
                
                  Δ
                  ⁢
                  
                    
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    t
                    s
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    WG
                  
                
              
            
          
          +
          
            
              ∑
              
                s
                ∈
                
                  Ω
                  s
                
              
            
            ⁢
            
              
                
                  f
                  e
                
                ⁡
                
                  (
                  s
                  )
                
              
              ⁢
              
                
                  P
                  em
                
                ⁡
                
                  (
                  s
                  )
                
              
              ⁢
              Δ
              ⁢
              
                
              
              ⁢
              
                t
                s
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        17
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          
        
        ⁢
        
          
            
              P
              em
            
            ⁡
            
              (
              s
              )
            
          
          =
          
            
              
                ∑
                
                  i
                  =
                  1
                
                n
              
              ⁢
              
                (
                
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      i
                    
                    L
                  
                  +
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      i
                    
                    CS
                  
                
                )
              
            
            -
            
              (
              
                
                  
                    ∑
                    
                      j
                      ∈
                      
                        Ω
                        PV
                      
                    
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    PV
                  
                
                +
                
                  
                    ∑
                    
                      j
                      ∈
                      
                        Ω
                        WG
                      
                    
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    WG
                  
                
              
              )
            
            +
            
              P
              s
              loss
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        18
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          
        
        ⁢
        
          
            U
            
              s
              ,
              i
            
            level
          
          =
          
            {
            
              
                
                  
                    
                      
                        
                          V
                          
                            s
                            ,
                            i
                          
                        
                        -
                        1
                      
                      
                        
                          V
                          min
                        
                        -
                        1
                      
                    
                    ,
                    
                      
                        V
                        min
                      
                      <
                      
                        V
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                      
                      ≤
                      1
                    
                  
                
              
              
                
                  
                    
                      
                        
                          V
                          
                            s
                            ,
                            i
                          
                        
                        -
                        1
                      
                      
                        
                          V
                          max
                        
                        -
                        1
                      
                    
                    ,
                    
                      1
                      <
                      
                        V
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                      
                      <
                      
                        V
                        max
                      
                    
                  
                
              
              
                
                  
                    1.0
                    ,
                    
                      
                        
                          V
                          
                            s
                            ,
                            i
                          
                        
                        ≥
                        
                          V
                          max
                        
                      
                      ;
                      
                        
                          V
                          
                            s
                            ,
                            i
                          
                        
                        ≤
                        
                          V
                          min
                        
                      
                    
                  
                
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        19
        )
      
    
  

in the formulas: f1 denotes an economic cost, comprising a construction cost Cinv and an operation cost Cope; r is a discount rate: η is an investment life; f2 denotes a voltage quality index; Us,tlevel is a voltage quality evaluation function value of the node i in a scenario S; n is the total number of network nodes; Ω denotes a set of nodes; ΩS is a set of scenarios; f3 denotes a traffic network satisfaction index: Ωod is a set of shortest paths from any starting point o to any ending point d in the traffic network; fk,iroad denotes a per-unit value of a one-way traffic flow demand of the shortest path k in a period t; xkload denotes a binary variable of whether a flow on the path k is intercepted by a charging state; T is a set of periods; pDG is a DG unit capacity; xiCS is a binary variable of whether a charging station is constructed at the node i: c1PV and c1WG are investment costs per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power generation respectively; ΩPV and ΩWG are sets of nodes for mounting photovoltaic and fans; Nj is the number of DGs of the jth mounting node; cCS is investment cost of each charging device; xkBS is a binary variable of whether a node k is put into an energy storage device; ΩBS is a set of nodes for mounting energy storage; c1BS and c2BS are a unit capacity cost and a charge-discharge power cost of the energy storage device respectively; SmaxBS and PmaxBS are maximum energy storage capacity and maximum charge-discharge power respectively; c2PV and c2WG are unit operation costs of photovoltaic and wind power generation respectively; Δts is an annual cumulative operation time of a distribution network in a scenario s; Ps,tPV and Ps,jWG are outputs of the jth PV or WG in the scenario s; fe(s) and Pen(s) are electricity price and electric power demands in the scenario s respectively; Ps,tL and Ps,tCS are a load power and an EV charge power of the node i in the scenario s; Psloss is electric energy loss in the scenario s; Vs,j is a voltage amplitude of the node i in the scenario s; and Vmin and Vmax are an allowable lower limit and an allowable upper limit of a node voltage respectively;
constraints of the nested planning model comprising traffic network constraints and power grid constraints, and the traffic network constraints being as follows:, {
        
          
            
              
                
                  
                    W
                    i
                    RH
                  
                  <
                  
                    W
                    allowed
                  
                
              
            
            
              
                
                  
                    z
                    i
                    CS
                  
                  ≥
                  
                    
                      λ
                      i
                      RH
                    
                    μ
                  
                
              
            
          
          ,
          
            ∀
            
              i
              ∈
              Ω
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        20
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          
            ∑
            
              i
              ∈
              Ω
            
          
          ⁢
          
            x
            i
            CS
          
        
        ≤
        
          N
          CS
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        21
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          
            
              ∑
              
                i
                ∈
                Ω
              
            
            ⁢
            
              
                ∑
                
                  k
                  ∈
                  
                    Ω
                    od
                  
                
              
              ⁢
              
                
                  f
                  
                    k
                    ,
                    t
                  
                  road
                
                ⁢
                
                  x
                  
                    k
                    ,
                    i
                  
                  road
                
                ⁢
                
                  x
                  i
                  CS
                
              
            
          
          ≥
          
            
              ∑
              
                k
                ∈
                
                  Ω
                  od
                
              
            
            ⁢
            
              f
              
                k
                ,
                t
              
              road
            
          
        
        ,
        
          ∀
          
            t
            ∈
            T
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        22
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          
            W
            i
            RH
          
          =
          
            
              P
              i
              non
            
            ⁢
            
              
                
                  
                    (
                    
                      
                        z
                        i
                        CS
                      
                      ⁢
                      
                        ρ
                        i
                        RH
                      
                    
                    )
                  
                  
                    z
                    i
                    CS
                  
                
                ⁢
                
                  ρ
                  i
                  RH
                
              
              
                
                  
                    
                      λ
                      i
                      RH
                    
                    ⁡
                    
                      (
                      
                        z
                        i
                        CS
                      
                      )
                    
                  
                  !
                
                ⁢
                
                  
                    (
                    
                      1
                      -
                      
                        ρ
                        i
                        RH
                      
                    
                    )
                  
                  2
                
              
            
          
        
        ,
        
          
            λ
            i
            RH
          
          ≠
          0
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        23
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          P
          i
          non
        
        =
        
          
            [
            
              
                
                  ∑
                  
                    n
                    =
                    0
                  
                  
                    
                      z
                      i
                      CS
                    
                    -
                    1
                  
                
                ⁢
                
                  
                    
                      (
                      
                        
                          z
                          i
                          CS
                        
                        ⁢
                        
                          ρ
                          i
                          RH
                        
                      
                      )
                    
                    n
                  
                  
                    n
                    !
                  
                
              
              +
              
                
                  
                    (
                    
                      
                        z
                        i
                        CS
                      
                      ⁢
                      
                        ρ
                        i
                        RH
                      
                    
                    )
                  
                  
                    z
                    i
                    CS
                  
                
                
                  
                    
                      (
                      
                        z
                        i
                        CS
                      
                      )
                    
                    !
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    (
                    
                      1
                      -
                      
                        ρ
                        i
                        RH
                      
                    
                    )
                  
                
              
            
            ]
          
          
            -
            1
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        24
        )
      
    
  
  
    
      
        
          ρ
          i
          RH
        
        =
        
          
            λ
            i
            RH
          
          
            
              z
              i
              CS
            
            ⁢
            μ
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        25
        )
      
    
  

in the formulas: ziCS is the number of charging devices configured for the node i, which is multiplied by pCS to obtain a charge power of a single charging device at the node i; λ1RH is an average arrival rate of to-be-charged vehicles at the node i during rush hours, i.e. the number of EVs arriving at the charging station to receive the charging service per unit of time; xk,iroad denotes a binary variable of whether a flow on the path k can be intercepted by a charging station; Ωod is a set of shortest paths from any starting point o to any ending point d in the traffic network; WiRH and Wallowed are an average waiting time for receiving a charging service during rush hours and a threshold thereof respectively; Ptnon is the probability that charging station devices at the node i are all idle; ρiRH is an average device usage rate of the node i during rush hours; NCS is the maximum number of charging stations to be constructed; and μ is an average service rate of a single device;
the power grid constraints being as follows:
power flow constraints of the power distribution network:, {
        
          
            
              
                
                  
                    
                      
                        P
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                        L
                      
                      +
                      
                        P
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                        CS
                      
                      -
                      
                        P
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                        DG
                      
                    
                    =
                    
                      
                        V
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                      
                      ⁢
                      
                        
                          ∑
                          
                            j
                            =
                            1
                          
                          n
                        
                        ⁢
                        
                          
                            V
                            
                              s
                              ,
                              j
                            
                          
                          ⁡
                          
                            (
                            
                              
                                
                                  G
                                  ij
                                
                                ⁢
                                cos
                                ⁢
                                
                                  
                                
                                ⁢
                                
                                  δ
                                  
                                    s
                                    ,
                                    ij
                                  
                                
                              
                              +
                              
                                
                                  B
                                  ij
                                
                                ⁢
                                sin
                                ⁢
                                
                                  
                                
                                ⁢
                                
                                  δ
                                  
                                    s
                                    ,
                                    ij
                                  
                                
                              
                            
                            )
                          
                        
                      
                    
                  
                
              
              
                
                  
                    
                      
                        Q
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                        L
                      
                      -
                      
                        Q
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                        DG
                      
                    
                    =
                    
                      
                        V
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                      
                      ⁢
                      
                        
                          ∑
                          
                            j
                            =
                            1
                          
                          n
                        
                        ⁢
                        
                          
                            V
                            
                              s
                              ,
                              j
                            
                          
                          ⁡
                          
                            (
                            
                              
                                
                                  G
                                  ij
                                
                                ⁢
                                sin
                                ⁢
                                
                                  
                                
                                ⁢
                                
                                  δ
                                  
                                    s
                                    ,
                                    ij
                                  
                                
                              
                              -
                              
                                
                                  B
                                  ij
                                
                                ⁢
                                cos
                                ⁢
                                
                                  
                                
                                ⁢
                                
                                  δ
                                  
                                    s
                                    ,
                                    ij
                                  
                                
                              
                            
                            )
                          
                        
                      
                    
                  
                
              
            
            ⁢
            
              ∀
              
                s
                ∈
                
                  Ω
                  s
                
              
            
          
          ,
          
            i
            ∈
            Ω
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        26
        )
      
    
  

scenario chance constraints:, Pr
            ⁢
            
              {
              
                
                  
                    V
                    min
                  
                  ≤
                  
                    V
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      i
                    
                  
                  ≤
                  
                    V
                    max
                  
                
                ,
                
                  
                    
                    
                      P
                      
                        s
                        ,
                        ij
                      
                    
                    
                  
                  ≤
                  
                    P
                    ij
                    max
                  
                
              
              }
            
          
          =
          
            
              
                K
                s
              
              96
            
            ≥
            
              γ
              ⁢
              
                ∀
                
                  i
                  ∈
                  Ω
                
              
            
          
        
        ,
        
          ∀
          
            ij
            ∈
            
              Ω
              Line
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        27
        )
      
    
  

DG mounting capacity constraints:, {
        
          
            
              
                
                  0
                  ≤
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    PV
                  
                  ≤
                  
                    
                      P
                      _
                    
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    PV
                  
                
                ,
                
                  ∀
                  
                    s
                    ∈
                    
                      Ω
                      s
                    
                  
                
                ,
                
                  j
                  ∈
                  
                    Ω
                    PV
                  
                
              
            
          
          
            
              
                
                  0
                  ≤
                  
                    P
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    WG
                  
                  ≤
                  
                    
                      P
                      _
                    
                    
                      s
                      ,
                      j
                    
                    WG
                  
                
                ,
                
                  ∀
                  
                    s
                    ∈
                    
                      Ω
                      s
                    
                  
                
                ,
                
                  j
                  ∈
                  
                    Ω
                    WG
                  
                
              
            
          
          
            
              
                
                  
                    ∑
                    
                      s
                      ∈
                      
                        Ω
                        s
                      
                    
                  
                  ⁢
                  
                    (
                    
                      
                        P
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          j
                        
                        PV
                      
                      +
                      
                        P
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          j
                        
                        WG
                      
                    
                    )
                  
                
                ≤
                
                  ɛ
                  ⁢
                  
                    
                      ∑
                      
                        s
                        ∈
                        
                          Ω
                          s
                        
                      
                    
                    ⁢
                    
                      
                        ∑
                        
                          i
                          =
                          1
                        
                        n
                      
                      ⁢
                      
                        P
                        
                          s
                          ,
                          i
                        
                        L
                      
                    
                  
                
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        28
        )
      
    
  

energy storage capacity and charge-discharge power constraints:, {
        
          
            
              
                
                  
                    0
                    ≤
                    
                      S
                      k
                      BS
                    
                    ≤
                    
                      S
                      max
                      BS
                    
                  
                  ,
                
              
            
            
              
                
                  
                    0
                    ≤
                    
                      P
                      k
                      BS
                    
                    ≤
                    
                      P
                      max
                      BS
                    
                  
                  ,
                
              
            
          
          ⁢
          
            ∀
            
              k
              ∈
              
                Ω
                BS
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      
        (
        29
        )
      
    
  

in the formulas: Qs,tL is a reactive load of the node i in the scenario s; Ps,tDG and Qs,iDG are DG active and reactive outputs of the node i in the scenario s; Vs,j is a voltage amplitude of a node j in the scenario s; Gij and Bij are real part and imaginary part of network admittances respectively; δs,ij is a voltage phase angle difference of the nodes i and j in the scenario s; Ps,ij and Pijmax are a power flowing through a line ij and a power limit; Ks is the number of scenarios meeting chance constraints; γ is a confidence coefficient; ΩLine is a set of power distribution network lines; Ps,jPV and Ps,jWG are output upper limits of PV and WG respectively; ε is a maximum penetration rate of DG access; and SkBS and PkBS are a current device capacity and a charge-discharge power of an energy storage node k respectively.