Patent ID: 11894589
Assignee: NIKOLA CORPORATION
Field: Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy (Electrical engineering)
Classification: CPC H  Y | IPC H

Claim 0:
1. A membrane electrode assembly, comprising:
a proton exchange membrane disposed between an anode catalyst layer and a cathode catalyst layer; and
a cation-associating layer comprising a water-insoluble net polymer,
wherein the water-insoluble net polymer comprises a weakly-acidic functional group configured to preferentially associate with contaminant cations,
wherein the proton exchange membrane comprises a first ionomer,
wherein the weakly-acidic functional group comprises phosphonic acid, and
wherein the cation-associating layer is disposed in at least one of a portion of the cathode catalyst layer, a portion of a cathode microporous layer, or between the cathode catalyst layer and the cathode microporous layer.