Patent ID: 11965878
Assignee: SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY
Field: Measurement (Instruments)
Classification: CPC G  B  C | IPC B  C  G

Claim 1:
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the hydrophobic substrate comprises a glass, SiO2, semiconductor or plastic material treated with a silylation reagent;
each electrode is made of or coated with one or more metals or conductive organic polymers or wherein the two or more electrodes comprise three interdigitated electrodes; and
each nanostructure is made of or coated with the one or more metals or conductive organic polymers treated with ultraviolet light, wherein the silylation reagent comprises tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyl trimethoxysilane, actadecyltrichlorosilane, n-octadecanethiol, self-assemble of alkanoic acid through a solution-immersion process, or hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS).