Patent ID: 11953800
Assignee: NOKIA SOLUTIONS AND NETWORKS OY
Field: Optics (Instruments)
Classification: CPC G | IPC G

Claim 7:
8. An apparatus comprising:
a Mach-Zehnder optical modulator including a first optical coupler, a second optical coupler, a first optical waveguide, and a second optical waveguide, each of the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide connecting a corresponding optical output of the first optical coupler to a corresponding optical input of the second optical coupler;
an optical feedback waveguide connecting an optical output of the second optical coupler to an optical input of the first optical coupler;
a third optical coupler having more than two optical ports, a first segment of the optical feedback waveguide being optically connected to a second segment of the optical feedback waveguide by the third optical coupler;

a first optical phase shifter adjacent to at least one of the first optical waveguide or the second optical waveguide; the first phase shifter comprising a first plurality of electrode segments; and
an electronic driver including a plurality of electronic driver stages, each of the plurality of electronic driver stages configured to operate a corresponding one of the first plurality of electrode segments in parallel;
wherein the first optical waveguide comprises a first bent optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide comprises a second bent optical waveguide arm; and
wherein the first bent optical waveguide arm includes a first straight optical waveguide section and a second straight optical waveguide section, the first straight optical waveguide section and the second straight optical waveguide sections being substantially parallel and optically connected by a bent optical waveguide section.