Patent ID: 11966196
Assignee: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Field: Optics (Instruments)
Classification: CPC G | IPC G

Claim 0:
1. A toner, comprising:
a toner particle that comprises a toner base particle, and an outermost layer present on a surface of the toner base particle;
the toner base particle containing a binder resin; and
a plurality of concave portions formed on the surface of the toner particle, wherein
30≤n≤200 when n represents a number of the concave portions per 1 μm2 of the surface of the toner particle that satisfy formulae (1) to (3)

50.0≤a≤200.0  (1)

10.0≤b≤70.0  (2) and

0.7×T≤d≤1.5×T  (3)

where T (nm) is an average thickness of the outermost layer in cross section of the toner particle observed with a transmission electron microscope,
a (nm) is a long diameter of each of the concave portions, b (nm) is a short diameter of each of the concave portions, and d (nm) is a depth of each of the concave portions when the concave portions on the toner particle are measured by using a scanning probe microscope from an outermost surface of the outermost layer toward a center of the toner particle, and
the outermost layer comprises (i) a thermoplastic resin comprising a styrene-acrylic resin that is a polymer of at least one kind of styrenic monomer and at least one kind of (meth)acrylic monomer, or (ii) a thermosetting resin comprising a melamine resin.