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README.md
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- language modeling
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metrics:
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- BrierLM
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- language modeling
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metrics:
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- BrierLM
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---
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# Continuous Autoregressive Language Models
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[](https://arxiv.org/abs/)
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[](https://github.com/shaochenze/calm)
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[](https://huggingface.co/collections/cccczshao/calm)
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## Model Description
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Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) are constrained by a fundamental bottleneck: they generate text one token at a time. **CALM (Continuous Autoregressive Language Models)** confronts this challenge by introducing a paradigm shift in language modeling. Instead of predicting one discrete token at a time, CALM learns to predict a single continuous vector that represents an entire chunk of K tokens.
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This is achieved through a two-stage process:
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1. **A high-fidelity autoencoder** learns to compress K tokens into a single vector and reconstruct them with near-perfect accuracy.
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2. **A continuous-domain language model** then performs autoregressive prediction in this vector space.
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### Key Features
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* 🚀 **Ultra-Efficient by Design:** Dramatically improves training and inference efficiency by reducing the number of autoregressive steps by a factor of K.
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* 💡 **A New Scaling Axis:** Introduces a new scaling dimension for LLMs—semantic bandwidth (K). Instead of just scaling parameters and data, you can now scale the amount of information processed in a single step.
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* 🛠️ **A Comprehensive Likelihood-Free Toolkit:** Operating in a continuous domain requires new tools. This repository provides the full suite of algorithms that make CALM possible:
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* **A Robust Autoencoder** to learn high-fidelity continuous representations of token chunks.
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* **Energy-Based Training**, a principled and likelihood-free method for generative modeling.
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* **BrierLM**, a new metric for calibrated, likelihood-free evaluation of language models.
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* **Temperature Sampling** for controlled, high-quality text generation using only a black-box sampler.
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## How to use
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See our [GitHub README](https://github.com/shaochenze/calm), where we provide scripts for training and evaluation.
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## Contact
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If you have any questions, feel free to submit an issue or contact `chenzeshao@tencent.com`.
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