{ "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Denver Broncos", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "February", "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "Denver", "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "February", "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "American Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "American Football Conference", "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "February", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "February", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "February", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "February", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "February", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "February", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers 24", "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "February", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "February", "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Denver Broncos", "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference", "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "Denver", "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "February", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl", "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "American Football Conference", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam", "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "eight", "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "1995", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": "the AFC Championship Game", "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "Broncos", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": ", and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "Broncos", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "the AFC Championship Game. They joined the Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of four teams that have made eight", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "four teams that have made eight", "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "Broncos", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "four teams that have made eight", "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "The Broncos", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": ", and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "second", "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "Broncos", "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "Broncos", "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": ", and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "The Broncos", "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "1995", "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "two", "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Denver", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": "seven", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "three", "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "two", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "Miller", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "two", "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": "Miller", "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "five", "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven", "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "three", "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "three", "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "three", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "Miller", "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": "five", "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial", "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": "the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9", "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56d602631c85041400946eda": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56d602631c85041400946edb": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56d602631c85041400946edc": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9 and Bruno Mars", "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Bruno Mars", "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "2012", "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "2012", "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "2012", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "early 2012", "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "2012", "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "Commissioner Roger Goodell", "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "2012", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "2012", "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "2012", "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "New Orleans", "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "Miami", "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": "New Orleans", "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "Miami", "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "New Orleans", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "Miami", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": "New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome", "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "2012", "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10", "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "2010", "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "1985", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "two", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "2012", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "1985", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "May 3, 2013", "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "1985", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "10", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "2010", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "2012", "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "May 3, 2013", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "1985", "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "The South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "2012", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV in 2010", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "10 times (tied for most with New Orleans", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985", "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "May 3, 2013", "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "May 21, 2013", "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": ", 2013", "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "2014", "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "the first in California since Super Bowl", "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "San Diego", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "May 21, 2013", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "May 21, 2013", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "the first in California since Super Bowl", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII took place in San Diego", "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII took place in San Diego", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "2013", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII took place in San Diego", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII took place in San Diego", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "1985", "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII", "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "May 21, 2013", "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "The $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "1985", "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "May 21, 2013", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "May 21, 2013", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "The $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "$1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl", "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII took place in San Diego", "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "Coincidentally, both teams were coached", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": "the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl. The Carolina Panthers", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": "Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have made eight", "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": "Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have made eight", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": "eight", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": ", while the Denver Broncos", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "Super", "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl", "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl. The Carolina Panthers", "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have made eight", "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "eight", "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox in their last Super Bowl", "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "Carolina", "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "eight", "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "Coincidentally, both teams were coached", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "DeAngelo Williams", "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "the preseason", "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "the preseason, the Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "1978", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "the first time in franchise history. Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "Ten", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "eight", "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "Kelvin Benjamin", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": "1978", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": "2009", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": "the first time in franchise history. Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight", "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": "the preseason", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": "the preseason", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": "Williams", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": "1978", "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "Ten", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "the preseason, the Carolina Panthers", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "the preseason, the Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "the first time in franchise history. Ten players were selected to the Pro Bowl (the most in franchise history) along with eight", "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "Ten", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "six", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "45", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "10", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": "27", "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "Greg Olsen", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "45", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "career-best quarterback rating", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "77", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "veteran Jerricho Cotchery (39 receptions for 48", "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "the team with 989 rushing yards and six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "six", "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "Cam", "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "Cam", "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "45", "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "the team with 989 rushing yards and six", "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "500", "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "Cam", "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "45", "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "Cam", "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "39", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "118", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": "four", "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": "the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": "24", "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": "11", "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": "four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": "four", "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "24", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four", "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "four", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "Denver", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "Manning", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": "Indianapolis Colts in 1998", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": "Denver", "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "the team to a key 27\u201320 win that enabled the team to clinch the number one overall AFC seed. Under defensive coordinator", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "four", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Denver Broncos underwent numerous coaching changes, including a mutual parting with head coach John Fox (who had won four", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "Denver", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "the team to a key 27\u201320 win that enabled the team to clinch the number one overall AFC seed. Under defensive coordinator Wade Phillips, the Broncos", "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "the remainder of the regular season. Osweiler", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "the remainder of the regular season. Osweiler", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": "Denver", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": "the remainder of the regular season. Osweiler", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "Manning", "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "the team to clinch the number one overall AFC seed. Under defensive coordinator Wade Phillips, the Broncos", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "Denver", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "the remainder of the regular season. Osweiler", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "Denver", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": "Manning", "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "coordinator", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "the year with a career-low 67.9 passer rating, throwing for 2", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "the year with a career-low 67.9 passer rating, throwing for 2", "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "10", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "2", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "17", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "17", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Demaryius Thomas", "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": "five", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": "2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": "the year with a career-low 67.9 passer rating, throwing for 2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": "Emmanuel Sanders caught 76", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": "2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": "4", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": "the first time in franchise history, and fourth", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "the first time in franchise history, and fourth in points allowed (296). Defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each had 5", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Brandon", "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "Linebacker", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "Linebacker", "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "the first time in franchise history, and fourth in points allowed (296). Defensive ends", "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "the first time in franchise history, and fourth", "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "the ninth time in his career, ranking second", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Brandon", "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "three", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Miller", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "Brandon", "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": "the first time in franchise history, and fourth in points allowed (296). Defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": "the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31\u201324", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": "the NFC Championship Game", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "the NFC Championship Game, 49\u201315, racking up 48", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "the NFC Championship Game, 49\u201315, racking up 487 yards and forcing seven", "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "the NFC Championship", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "the NFC Championship Game, 49\u201315", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "the NFC Championship Game", "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "48", "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31\u201324", "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "the NFC Championship", "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "seven", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "the NFC Championship Game", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "the NFC Championship Game, 49", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "the NFC Championship", "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "the divisional round, running up a 31\u20130 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31\u201324", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "the AFC Championship", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game, 20\u201318", "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game, 20\u201318", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "the season, he didn't throw any in their two", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "the AFC Championship", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "the season, he didn't throw any in their two", "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "the season, he didn't throw any in their two", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11", "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game, 20\u201318", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "the final three minutes of the game. They then beat the defending Super Bowl XLIX champion New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game", "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "20\u201318", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "the Super Bowl", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "the Super Bowl", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "three", "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "the Super Bowl", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "the Super Bowl", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "the Super Bowl", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "the Super Bowl", "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "the Super Bowl", "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "three", "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "the Super Bowl", "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "the Super Bowl", "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "the Super Bowl", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": "the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": "John Elway", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38 and is currently Denver", "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "Denver", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "Broncos", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "Denver", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "two", "56d704430d65d214001982de": "two", "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl", "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest", "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "the Broncos", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "John Elway", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": "the first quarterback ever to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl", "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "John Elway, who led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII at age 38", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "2011", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "the first Super Bowl", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "the first Super Bowl", "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "Miller", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "Manning was the #1 selection of the 1998", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "the #1 selection of the 1998", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "the first Super Bowl", "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "the first Super Bowl", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "1998", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "1998", "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "the first Super Bowl", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "2011", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "the first Super Bowl", "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "the first Super Bowl", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV, this will be the first Super Bowl", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "the end of the Broncos", "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "the end of the Broncos", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "XX", "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "replacing Elway", "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "the inaugural season, the field had to be re-sodded multiple times due to various issues, and during", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "the inaugural season, the field had to be re-s", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "director", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "Baltimore Ravens kicker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "Justin", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker", "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "the inaugural season, the field", "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Justin Tucker", "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "the inaugural season, the field had to be re-s", "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "the inaugural season, the field had to be re-s", "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "cle", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "Justin", "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "the inaugural season, the field had to be re-s", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "Super Bowl XXXIII", "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "Denver", "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "Denver QB, when they defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34\u201319. In their only other Super Bowl win in Super Bowl XXXII", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "the San Jose Marriott", "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "the San Jose Marriott", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56d70d240d65d21400198326": "San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56d70d240d65d21400198327": "the San Jose Marriott", "56d70d240d65d21400198328": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56d70d240d65d21400198329": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": "San Jose State practice facility", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": "the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": "June 4, 2014", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Super Bowl V", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": ", and that the game would be named using Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "Super Bowl XLV", "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "June 4, 2014", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Super Bowl 50", "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "Super", "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "June 4, 2014", "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": ", 2014", "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Super", "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "Super", "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI", "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L. The use of Roman numerals will be reinstated for Super Bowl LI", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "the Super Bowl", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": ", and beginning on week 7, all sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos", "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "the Super Bowl", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "the \"Golden Super Bowl", "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "Gold", "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "the Super Bowl", "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "Gold footballs", "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "the \"Golden Super Bowl\"; gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50", "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "the \"Golden Super Bowl", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "The annual NFL Experience was held at the Moscone Center", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "the Bay Area's technology, culinary creations, and cultural diversity. More than 1 million people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "San Francisco city supervisor", "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "January", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "More than 1 million people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "San Francisco mayor Ed Lee", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "The annual NFL Experience was held at the Moscone Center", "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "\"Super Bowl City", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "San Francisco", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "\"Super Bowl City", "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "the Bay Area's technology, culinary creations, and cultural diversity. More than 1 million people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "\"Super Bowl City", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "More than 1 million people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "San Francisco", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "the amount of $5 million", "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "The annual NFL Experience was held at the Moscone Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": ", including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": ", including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "a beer, wine and food festival", "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": ", but still may need the city council to help fund the event. Additional funding", "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "Additional funding will be provided by the city council, which has announced plans to set aside seed funding", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "the Santa Clara Convention Center", "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": ", but still may need the city council", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "February", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "February", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "February", "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "February", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "Tuesday", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "February", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "February 1, 2016 at SAP Center", "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "February", "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "February 1, 2016", "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "Night", "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "February", "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "a replica of the Golden Gate Bridge", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "February", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "February", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "February", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February", "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "February", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Super Bowl program", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "the first time, the Super Bowl", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "the NFL have openly sought disabled veteran and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-owned businesses in Business Connect, the Super Bowl program", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "the NFL have openly sought disabled veteran and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-owned businesses in Business Connect, the Super Bowl program", "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "the NFL have openly sought disabled veteran and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-owned businesses in Business Connect, the Super Bowl program", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Business Connect, the Super Bowl program", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "the first time, the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "the first time, the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "Business", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Business", "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "the first time, the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "25", "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "the 50 fund as its philanthropic", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "the Bay Area", "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "the 50 fund as its philanthropic", "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "the Bay Area", "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "25", "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "the 50", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "25", "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "the 50 fund as its philanthropic initiative and focuses", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "a total of 66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "a total of 66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "a large, 18-karat gold-plated \"50\". Each digit will weigh 33 lb (15 kg) for a total of 66", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Tiffany", "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "a total of 66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "a total of 66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50", "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Tiffany", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "a total of 66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50", "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "a total of 66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Jim Nantz", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "the sidelines", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "EyeVision 360\u2014an array of 36", "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "the sidelines. CBS introduced new features during the telecast, including pylon cameras and microphones along with EyeVision 360", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms called the contest, with Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn on the sidelines", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "the sidelines. CBS", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "5", "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "Evan Washburn on the sidelines", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "the United States, the game was televised by CBS", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "5", "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "CBS", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "Deportes", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "Raul Allegre", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "December 28", "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": ", while Martin, Allegre, and Sutcliffe contributed English-language reports for ESPN's SportsCenter", "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl", "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "Deportes", "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl", "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "Mobile", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "the NFL Mobile service. The ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast was made available through", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "digital streams of the game via CBSSports", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": ", and the CBS", "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": ", and the CBS", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": ", and the CBS", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": ", and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "Verizon Wireless", "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "the NFL Mobile", "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless", "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "Verizon Communications exclusivity, streaming on smartphones was only provided to Verizon Wireless", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": ", and the CBS Sports", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "Verizon", "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": ", and the CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players (such as Chromecast", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": ", beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": ", beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": ", beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "Super Bowl 50, beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", "56d720c70d65d21400198398": ", beginning with a special episode of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert following the game. Following a break for late local programming", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "5", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "Anheuser-Busch InBev that allowed the beer manufacturer", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "Dor", "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": "Nintendo", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": "-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "An", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "Dor", "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "Nintendo", "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "Nintendo", "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "Anheuser-Busch InBev", "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "Dor", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "An", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "Doritos, a longtime sponsor of the game, held its \"Crash the Super Bowl\" contest", "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "Doritos, a longtime", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "the United States", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "the United States", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "the United States", "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "the United States", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "the United States", "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine", "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "the United States", "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "the United States", "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "the United States", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "the United States", "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "the United States", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "the Super Bowl", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "the Super Bowl", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "the Super Bowl", "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "the Super Bowl. Fox paid for Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resurgence", "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "the Super Bowl", "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "the Super Bowl", "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "the Super Bowl", "56d723560d65d214001983af": "the Super Bowl", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "trailers", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "the Shadows and 10 Cloverfield Lane, Universal paid for The Secret Life of Pets and the debut trailer for Jason Bourne", "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "the Super Bowl", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray will anchor the pre-game and halftime", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "Dan Fouts", "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "-play announcer, Boomer Esiason", "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Kevin", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "-game and halftime", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin", "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "Jim Gray will anchor the pre-game and halftime", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Kevin", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "Bo", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "-play announcer, Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts as color analysts, and James Lofton and Mark Malone as sideline reporters", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "Jim Gray will anchor the pre-game and halftime", "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "the game throughout North America", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "11", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56d724620d65d214001983be": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "North Carolina", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "the United Kingdom, BBC Radio", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "the United Kingdom", "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Rocky Boiman on commentary", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "the United Kingdom", "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Rocky Boiman on commentary", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII, who died in 2001", "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": "Peyton", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Peyton", "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "I and II", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "the locker room preparing for the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "the game. No plans were announced regarding the recognition of Harvey Martin, co-MVP of Super Bowl XII", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Six", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin provided American Sign", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Academy", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "American Sign", "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "American Sign", "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin provided American Sign", "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin provided American Sign", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga", "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Mar", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "American Sign", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "American", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "December", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": ", 2016", "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\", would be making an appearance. Bruno Mars", "56d725790d65d214001983d8": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9", "56d725790d65d214001983da": "January 7, 2016", "56d725790d65d214001983db": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9", "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": "the Associated Press that Beyonc\u00e9", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Denver", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "the next three plays. First, linebacker Shaq Thompson", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Denver", "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "linebacker", "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Denver", "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "Denver", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Denver", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": ", but the call was ruled an incompletion", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "Miller", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": ", and Malik Jackson recovered it in the end zone for a Broncos", "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": "the end of the 1993", "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": ", but the call was ruled an incompletion", "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "Mike Carey", "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "linebacker Von Miller", "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "recovered", "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "the end of the 1993", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "Mike Carey", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "Miller", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": ", and Malik Jackson recovered it in the end zone for a Broncos", "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "the end of the 1993", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "the second quarter. Later on, Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "the second quarter. Later on, Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood received Brad Nortman's short 28", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "Denver", "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "Denver", "56d729180d65d21400198426": "4", "56d729180d65d21400198427": "Denver", "56d729180d65d21400198428": "the second", "56d729180d65d21400198429": "the second quarter. Later on, Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood", "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "Denver", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "the second quarter", "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "Denver", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "DeMarcus Ware", "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "safety", "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "Kony Ealy tipped a Manning pass to himself and then intercepted", "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "safety", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "the clock. The Panthers could not gain any yards with their possession and had to punt. After a Denver punt, Carolina", "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "DeMarcus Ware", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": ", with Newton completing a 42", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "the hands of Ginn and was intercepted by safety T. J. Ward. Ward fumbled the ball during the return, but Trevathan", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": "44", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": "McManus' 33-yard field goal that gave the Broncos", "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": "Ward", "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": ", with Newton completing a 42", "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": ", and it ended with no points when Graham Gano hit the uprights", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "Carolina", "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "safety", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Carolina", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "26", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "the uprights", "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "Emmanuel Sanders", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": ", but early in the fourth, the Broncos", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": "Devin", "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": "Broncos", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered", "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": "Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "the next play, Ealy knocked the ball out of Manning's hand as he was winding up for a pass, and then recovered it for Carolina", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "4:51 left in regulation, Carolina got the ball on their own 24", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Denver", "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "Norman", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered", "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "Denver", "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": "Denver", "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "the next play, Miller", "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several", "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "Denver's offense was kept out of the end zone for three plays, but a holding", "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": "4", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "three", "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "2", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "five", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "the team's leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries. Brown caught four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "the team's leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries. Brown caught four", "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "the game's leading rusher with 90 yards and a touchdown, along with four", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "the team's leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries. Brown caught four", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "the team's leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries. Brown caught four", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "four", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "the team's leading rusher with 45 yards on six carries. Brown caught four", "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "two", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Sanders", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "the game's leading rusher with 90 yards and a touchdown, along with four", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "four", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "interception", "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "four", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "Denver", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "Denver", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": "244", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": "Denver", "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "Denver", "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "Denver", "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "Denver", "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "seven", "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "Denver", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "Denver", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "Denver", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "Denver", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "seven", "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "two", "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "Nobel", "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "45", "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "the most famous people born in Warsaw", "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "the most famous people born in Warsaw", "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "the city with his family when he was seven", "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "100", "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "the Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "the park, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is situated. In the 19th century the Krasi\u0144ski Palace Garden", "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "the east", "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "The \u0141azienki Park", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "About", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "a habitat of animals", "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "13", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "a habitat of animals that includes the otter, beaver and hundreds of bird species. There are also several", "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "a habitat of animals that includes the otter, beaver and hundreds of bird species. There are also several", "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "the previous 300 years of Warsaw", "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "the city's total population. In 1933, out of 1,178,914 inhabitants 833,500 were of Polish mother tongue", "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "the previous 300 years of Warsaw", "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "minority", "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "the previous 300 years of Warsaw's history. Most of the modern day population growth is based on internal migration", "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "Warsaw University of Technology", "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2", "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "the Medical University", "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "in University of Music", "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "two million", "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "the largest and most beautiful roof gardens in Europe with an area of more than 10", "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "2002", "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "2002", "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure", "573399b54776f41900660e65": "the initial Three-Year Plan", "573399b54776f41900660e66": "the past decade Warsaw", "573399b54776f41900660e67": "the past decade Warsaw", "57339a554776f41900660e74": "the best medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe", "57339a554776f41900660e75": "the best medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe. The city is home to the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339a554776f41900660e76": "the largest and most modern oncological institutions in Europe", "57339a554776f41900660e77": "the largest and most modern oncological institutions in Europe. The clinical section is located in a 10-floor building with 700", "57339a554776f41900660e78": "the best medical facilities in Poland and East-Central Europe. The city is home to the Children's Memorial Health Institute", "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "Teatr Wielki", "57339ad74776f41900660e87": ", as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e88": ", as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall", "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "the National Theatre, as well as the Roma and Buffo music theatres and the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw", "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "Summer Jazz", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "the mid-1930s, the Great Theatre building housed the Upati Institute of Dramatic Arts", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "the mid-1930s, the Great Theatre building housed the Upati Institute of Dramatic Arts", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Mom", "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "The Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre (1922", "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer\u2019s Night for a festival called Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "thousands", "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer\u2019s Night for a festival called Wianki", "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "the 19th century this tradition had become a festive event, and it continues today. The city council organize concerts and other events. Each Midsummer", "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "the 19th century this tradition had become a festive event, and it continues today. The city council organize concerts and other events. Each Midsummer", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "the world, Museum of Hunting", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "the world, Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway Museum. From among Warsaw", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "National", "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "National Museum", "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "the largest collections of art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting", "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the fall of Warsaw", "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "the Katy\u0144 Museum", "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "the Warsaw Fotoplastikon", "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "The Museum of Independence", "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "the mid-19th", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "500", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "National Gallery", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "the mid-19th century organises exhibitions of modern", "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "September", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "2000", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "the country\u2019s championship in 1946", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "twice", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "the country\u2019s championship in 1946, and won the cup twice as well. Polonia's home venue is located", "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "the country's top flight in 2013", "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "The mermaid (syrenka) is Warsaw", "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "the city's coat of arms. This imagery has been in use since at least the mid-14th century. The oldest existing armed seal of Warsaw", "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "the city of Warsaw). City records as far back as 16", "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "13", "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "the city of Warsaw). City records as far back as 16", "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "the coast of Denmark and can be seen sitting at the entrance to the port of Copenhagen. The second mermaid", "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "two", "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "two", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "the entrance to the port of Copenhagen. The second", "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "the village of Warszowa, where fishermen came to admire her beauty and listen to her beautiful voice", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "Tamara de Lempicka was a famous artist born in Warsaw", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "1916", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "the Art Deco style", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "Nathan", "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Isaac Bashevis Singer, which he described in many of his novels", "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "2012", "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "2012", "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "variety", "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "The Warsaw Stock Exchange", "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "the largest and most important in Central and Eastern Europe. Frontex", "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "the year 1313", "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "K", "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "the title of the \"Phoenix City", "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "King", "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "the title of the \"Phoenix City", "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "Roman Catholic archdiocese", "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "the Polish Academy of Sciences", "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "1980", "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "the University of Warsaw, two opera houses, theatres, museums, libraries and monuments. The historic city-centre of Warsaw", "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "quarter", "57332442d058e614000b5720": "City", "57332442d058e614000b5721": "the Polish language is Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5722": "the Polish language is Warszawa", "57332442d058e614000b5723": "the Polish language is Wars", "57332442d058e614000b5724": "The official city name in full is miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa (English: \"The Capital City", "57332562d058e614000b5730": "the site of a small fishing village called Wars", "57332562d058e614000b5731": "the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa. The Prince of P\u0142ock, Boles\u0142aw II", "57332562d058e614000b5732": "The Prince of P\u0142ock, Boles\u0142aw II of Masovia, established this settlement, the modern-day Warsaw, in about 1300", "57332562d058e614000b5733": "1413", "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", "5733266d4776f41900660712": "the following years the town expanded towards the suburbs. Several", "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1529", "5733266d4776f41900660714": "the Warsaw Confederation, formally establishing religious freedom", "5733266d4776f41900660715": "the Kingdom of Poland when King Sigismund III Vasa moved his court from Krak\u00f3w to Warsaw in 1596", "5733266d4776f41900660716": "96", "57332a734776f41900660726": "the centre of the Congress Poland, a constitutional monarchy under a personal union with Imperial Russia", "57332a734776f41900660727": "the Kingdom of Prussia", "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon", "57332a734776f41900660729": "1815", "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "November 1918", "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "November 1918", "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "November and set up what became the Second Polish Republic", "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "1920", "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "the centre of urban resistance to Nazi rule in occupied Europe. When the order came to annihilate the ghetto as part of Hitler's \"Final Solution", "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "Central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government", "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "the rule of the General Government, a German Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions were immediately closed and Warsaw", "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "April", "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "month", "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "July 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "August", "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "August 1944", "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "August 1944", "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "the \"Bricks for Warsaw", "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "II", "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "the country's centre of political and economic life. Many of the historic", "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "the Palace of Culture and Science", "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "1980", "573330444776f41900660758": "II", "573330444776f41900660759": "1979", "573330444776f4190066075a": "1979", "573330444776f4190066075b": "1979", "573330444776f4190066075c": "the land! This land! These words were very meaningful", "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "the right side \u2013 122", "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "the right side \u2013 122", "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "the right side \u2013 122", "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "the right side \u2013 122", "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "the right side \u2013 122", "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "two", "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "the Vistula Valley", "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "two", "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "two", "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "the north and south of Warsaw", "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "The pattern of the Vistula terraces is asymmetrical. The left side consist mainly of two", "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "two", "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "The contemporary flooded terrace", "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": ". The pattern of the Vistula terraces is asymmetrical. The left side consist mainly of two", "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "the Vistula terraces is asymmetrical. The left side consist mainly of two", "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "the Second World War, Warsaw", "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "Second", "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "the Second World War, Warsaw was razed to the ground by bombing raids and planned destruction. After liberation, rebuilding", "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "the 19th century that had been preserved in reasonably reconstructible form were nonetheless eradicated", "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "the 1950s and 1960s (e.g. Leopold Kronenberg Palace). Mass residential blocks", "573361404776f4190066093c": "the first structures of the early baroque the most important are St. Hyacinth's Church (16", "573361404776f4190066093d": "the first structures of the early baroque the most important are St. Hyacinth's Church (16", "573361404776f4190066093e": "the so-called Masovian gothic", "573361404776f4190066093f": "Renaissance", "573361404776f41900660940": "16", "573362b94776f41900660974": "during", "573362b94776f41900660975": "92", "573362b94776f41900660976": "Palace of the Four", "573362b94776f41900660977": "The neoclassical", "573362b94776f41900660978": "the best examples of the neoclassical style are the Palace on the Water (rebuilt 1775", "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "the most interesting of the late 19th-century", "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "the most interesting of the late 19th-century", "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "Warsaw Philharmony edifice originally inspired by Palais Garnier in Paris", "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "the Warsaw University of Technology building (1899\u20131902", "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "the Saxon Palace and the Br\u00fchl Palace, the most distinctive buildings in prewar Warsaw", "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "the defeat of the November Uprising, was a place of martyr", "5733647e4776f419006609af": "the defeat of the November Uprising, was a place of martyr", "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "The Warsaw Citadel", "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "the defeat of the November Uprising, was a place of martyr for the Poles. Another", "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "Uprising Monument by Wincenty Ku\u0107ma was erected in memory of the largest insurrection of World War II", "573368044776f41900660a29": "the city include the Botanic Garden", "573368044776f41900660a2a": "the New Orangery", "573368044776f41900660a2b": "the world. Besides, within the city borders, there are also: Pole Mokotowskie (a big park in the northern", "573368044776f41900660a2c": "the city include the Botanic Garden", "573368044776f41900660a2d": "1927", "573368e54776f41900660a53": "the location of Warsaw within the border region of several", "573368e54776f41900660a54": "the borders of Warsaw", "573368e54776f41900660a55": "the Masovian Primeval Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Bielany Forest", "573368e54776f41900660a57": "two", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": "1945", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "1945", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "51", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "the following years. It also bolstered some kind of conviction", "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "residency registration limitations", "57338007d058e614000b5bda": "the town. Most of them were destroyed in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944", "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": "711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians", "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "56", "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": "2", "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "1944", "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "the second level of the territorial division \u2013 counties", "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "the second level of the territorial division \u2013 counties", "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "Krak\u00f3w are of the same type", "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "the city government. Bills passed by a simple majority are sent to the mayor (the President of Warsaw", "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "the city government. Bills passed by a simple majority are sent to the mayor (the President of Warsaw", "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30", "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "the district council of Centrum and the council was elected only by the Centrum residents. Since 2002", "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich (16", "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "Jan", "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "the district council of Centrum and the council was elected only by the Centrum residents. Since 2002", "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "the years of 1994", "573382d24776f41900660c37": "the city's development was estimated in 2002 at over 650 million euro. Warsaw produces 12% of Poland's national income, which in 2008", "573382d24776f41900660c38": "the city's development was estimated in 2002 at over 650 million euro. Warsaw produces 12% of Poland's national income, which in 2008", "573382d24776f41900660c39": "Emerging Market Index has noted Warsaw's economic strength and commercial center. Moreover, Warsaw", "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "the city's development was estimated in 2002 at over 650 million euro. Warsaw produces 12", "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "the city's development was estimated in 2002 at over 650 million euro. Warsaw produces 12% of Poland's national income, which in 2008", "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "18", "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy. Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange", "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "April 1991", "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "the region, with 374", "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "1991", "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "February", "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "a number of other countries, including Egypt and Colombia. In 1995 the factory was purchased", "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "1995", "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "February", "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1", "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1", "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1", "573166ede6313a140071cef5": "2", "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "the European Union", "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1", "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population is estimated at 1", "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "260", "5732b6b5328d981900602024": "2", "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "the European Union", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "Normandy", "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy", "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "the 10th and 11th centuries gave their name to Normandy", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "William", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard", "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": "the Battle of Hastings in 1066", "56dde0379a695914005b9636": ", or Nordmannus (recorded in Medieval Latin, 9th century) to mean \"Norse", "56dde0379a695914005b9637": ", or Nordmannus (recorded in Medieval Latin", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "Normandy", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "Saint", "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "Normandy", "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "Normandy", "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "the north of France", "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "the north", "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "the rest of France, and worked them into a functional hierarchical system in both Normandy", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "the port of Salerno", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Michael", "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "William of Apulia tells that, in 1016, Norman pilgrims to the shrine of the Archangel Michael", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "the south, from Duke Sergius IV of Naples in 1030. The Hauteville", "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "the south, from Duke Sergius IV of Naples in 1030. The Hauteville", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "the leadership of the famous Robert Guisc", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "30", "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "William", "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "the Middle Ages, the \"Tabula Rogeriana\", was written by the Andalusian al-Idrisi for king Roger II", "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "the Middle Ages, the \"Tabula Rogeriana\", was written by the Andalusian al-Idrisi for king Roger II", "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "the Middle Ages, the \"Tabula Rogeriana\", was written by the Andalusian al-Idrisi for king Roger II", "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": ", but they soon fought in Byzantine service in Sicily", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "the first Norman mercenaries to serve as a Byzantine general was Herv\u00e9 in the 1050s", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "Robert", "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "the 1060s, Robert Crispin led the Normans of Edessa against the Turks. Roussel de Bailleul", "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "the name of their castle", "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "A Norman named Oursel led a force of \"Franks", "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "the presence of Italo-Normans in those cities while Amalfi and Bari were under Norman rule in Italy", "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "the period of the Comnenian Restoration, when Byzantine emperors were seeking out western European warriors. The Raoulii", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "the service of Byzantium. The city's garrison resisted until February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "February 1082", "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "the service of Byzantium. The city's garrison resisted until February 1082", "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "sign a peace treaty", "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "1107, the Normans under the command of Bohemond, Robert's son", "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "the banks of the river Deabolis", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Dyrrachium", "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "the most important naval bases of the Adriatic\u2014", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "the marriage of Emma, sister of Duke Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "Richard II of Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Normandy", "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "King Ethelred II", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "the invitation of his half-brother", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "41", "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Robert", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "the Battle of Hastings", "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "the King of France", "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "the subject of some humour by Geoffrey Chaucer", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "69", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "the east of Ireland", "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "the east of Ireland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "King Malcolm III of Scotland", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "King Malcolm", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "72", "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "son", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "David I of Scotland, whose elder brother Alexander I had married Sybilla of Normandy", "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "King David I of Scotland, whose elder brother Alexander I had married Sybilla of Normandy, was instrumental in introducing Normans and Norman culture", "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Edward the Confessor had set up the aforementioned Ralph as earl of Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "Edward the Confessor had set up the aforementioned Ralph as earl of Hereford", "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Edward the Confessor had set up the aforementioned Ralph as earl of Hereford", "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "the dominance of William's most trusted Norman barons, including Bernard de Neufmarch\u00e9, Roger of Montgomery in Shropshire", "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "8", "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "Antioch in 1097", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "the conquest of Jerusalem and he worked for the expansion of the Crusader kingdom in Transjordan", "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "the conquest of Jerusalem", "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "the history of the island, which would be under Western European", "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "April", "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "the south coast of Cyprus", "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "April", "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "the island's despot Isaac Komnenos. On 1 May 119", "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "the same time, in particular Guy", "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "Isaac", "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "the conquest of the island. Richard left for Acre on 5 June, with his allies. Before his departure, he named two", "56de41504396321400ee2714": "the Chapel of St. George and it was attended by Richard", "56de41504396321400ee2715": "12", "56de41504396321400ee2716": "double", "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "89", "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "Shortly after the conquest, Cyprus was sold to the Knights Templar and it was subsequently acquired, in 1192", "56de49564396321400ee277a": "the Atlantic coast of Africa", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "the title of King of the Canary Islands", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "the title of King of the Canary Islands, as vassal to Henry III of Castile. In 1418", "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "the title of King of the Canary Islands, as vassal to Henry III of Castile. In 1418", "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "the legal systems of Jersey", "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "They spread a unique Romanesque idiom to England and Italy", "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "Their style was characterised by rounded arches, particularly over windows and doorways", "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "Norman", "56de4b074396321400ee2794": "Norman", "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "Norman-Arab architecture within the Kingdom of Sicily", "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "the final decade of the 11th and first of the 12th century, Normandy", "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "the 11th and first of the 12th century, Normandy", "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "the 16", "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "the previous half century by the Danish Vikings", "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "the Bayeux Tapestry", "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "the previous half century by the Danish Vikings", "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "Italy", "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "the site of several", "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "two", "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "several", "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "several", "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "several", "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "the tradition of singing", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "July 1856", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "10 July 1856", "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "10 July 1856", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": "January 1943", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "Nikola Tesla (Serbian Cyrillic: \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0422\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430; 10 July 1856", "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": ", and futurist best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current", "56df9ee138dc421700152108": "the United States in 1884", "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "the United States in 1884 to work for Thomas Edison", "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "the United States in 1884", "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "the United States in 1884", "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "the formative years of electric power development was involved in a corporate alternating current/direct current \"War of Currents", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "the United States in 1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "the United States in 1884 to work for Thomas Edison", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "New York City", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": "the United States in 1884", "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": "the United States in 1884", "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "the possibility of wireless communication", "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "the possibility of wireless communication", "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "the possibility of wireless communication", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "the possibility of wireless communication", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "the possibility of wireless communication", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "the possibility of wireless communication", "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "the possibility of wireless communication with his devices. He tried to put these ideas to practical use in an ill-fated attempt at intercontinental wireless", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": ", but in 1960 the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "New York hotels, through his retirement. Tesla died on 7 January 1943", "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "the 1990s", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": ", but in 1960 the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "January 1943", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "1960 the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "1990", "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": ", but in 1960 the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia). His father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "the ability to memorize", "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems. \u0110uka had never received a formal education. Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia). His father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia). His father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "the ability to memorize", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "the ability to memorize", "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems. \u0110uka had never received a formal education. Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities", "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "the fourth of five", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "the fourth", "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "1862", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "the fourth of five children. He had an older", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "three", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "brother", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "the fourth", "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "pastor", "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "Martin Sekuli\u0107.:32", "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": ", where he was profoundly influenced by a math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107.:32", "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "1873", "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "1873", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "1870", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "1873", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "Martin Sekuli\u0107.:32", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": ", where he was profoundly influenced by a math teacher Martin Sekuli\u0107.:32", "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "1873", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "a moment of despair, promised to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered from the illness", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "nine months", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "a moment of despair", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "the priesthood", "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "cholera", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "nine months", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "the priesthood", "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "a moment of despair, promised to send him to the best engineering school if he recovered", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "74", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "1874", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "74", "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "74", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "74", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "1874", "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "Mark Twain's works had helped him to miraculously recover", "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "1875", "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling", "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "79", "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling", "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "1875", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "79", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling", "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "1879", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "December", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "December", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "the streets. In March 1879", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "the streets. In March 1879", "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "the streets. In March 1879", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "December", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "December 1878", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "the streets. In March 1879", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "the streets. In March 1879", "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "March", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "March 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": "March 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": "April 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "April 1879", "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": "the age of 60 after contracting an unspecified illness (although some sources say that he died of a stroke). During that year, Tesla", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "March 1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "March 1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "1879", "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "April 1879", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "January 1880", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "Unfortunately", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": ", he arrived too late to enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University", "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "the university, although, as an auditor", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "January 1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "January 1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "1880", "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "two", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": ", was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": ", was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": ", was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "81", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": ", was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": "the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": ", was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": "82", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "82", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "June 1884", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "June 1884", "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "82", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "June 1884", "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "Manhattan", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885", "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885", "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885", "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "two businessmen in 1886", "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "1886", "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": ", who agreed to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "1886", "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "1886, Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail, who agreed to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "1886", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "two", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": ", who agreed to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": ", who agreed to finance an electric lighting company in Tesla's name, Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "the company in lieu of stock. He had to work at various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger for $2", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "the company in lieu of stock. He had to work at various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger for $2", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "the company in lieu of stock. He had to work at various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger for $2", "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "1886", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "1886", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "the company in lieu of stock. He had to work at various electrical repair jobs and even as a ditch digger for $2", "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "1886", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "S", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "April 1887", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "the Tesla Electric Company", "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "S", "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "1886", "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "Manhattan", "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "April 1887", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "the United States because of its advantages in long-distance, high-voltage transmission. The motor used polyphase", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "May 1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "the United States because of its advantages in long-distance, high-voltage transmission. The motor used polyphase", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "1888", "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "May 1888", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "May 1888", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "the things Tesla developed at that laboratory in 1887 was an induction motor that ran on alternating current", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "the things Tesla developed at that laboratory in 1887", "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "May 1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "American", "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "1888", "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "March 1888", "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company", "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "July 1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "1888", "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "the large fee of $2", "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "July 1888", "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "the large fee of $2,000 ($52,700 in today's dollars) per month to be a consultant", "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "the large fee of $2,000 ($52,700 in today's dollars) per month to be a consultant", "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "the city's streetcars", "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "the city's streetcars", "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "60", "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "the city's streetcars", "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "the city's streetcars", "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "the city's streetcars", "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "1888", "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "the point of all-out warfare by 1888", "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "1890", "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "1890 and by 1892", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "the point of all-out warfare by 1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": "1888", "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "92", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "General Electric", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system to the American public. At the Columbian Exposition", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "General Electric", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "System", "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "the Columbian Exposition", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago with alternating current, beating out a General Electric", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "the safety, reliability, and efficiency of a fully integrated alternating current system to the American public. At the Columbian Exposition", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "1893", "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "the history of AC", "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "the current state of all the competing systems. Tesla advised Adams that a two", "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "the current state of all the competing systems. Tesla advised Adams that a two", "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "the current state of all the competing systems. Tesla advised Adams that a two", "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "General Electric", "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "two", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "the current state of all the competing systems. Tesla advised Adams that a two", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "1893", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "the current state of all the competing systems. Tesla advised Adams that a two", "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "two", "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "1896", "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "the company (at that point Westinghouse had paid out an estimated $200,000 in licenses", "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "$2", "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "the company (at that point Westinghouse had paid out an estimated $200,000 in licenses", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "the company (at that point Westinghouse had paid out an estimated $200,000 in licenses", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "the company (at that point Westinghouse had paid out an estimated $200,000 in licenses", "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "the two companies in 1896", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "1891", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States, and established his South Fifth Avenue", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "the same year, he patented the Tesla coil", "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "the same year, he patented the Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": "the same year, he patented the Tesla coil", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": "1891", "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "the age of 35, Tesla became a naturalized citizen of the United States, and established his South Fifth Avenue laboratory, and later another", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892", "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "92", "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892", "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "the Institute of Radio Engineers) of the modern-day IEEE, from 1892", "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "American", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "1894", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "March", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "December", "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "the discovery of x-rays\u2014when he tried to photograph Mark Twain illuminated by a Geiss", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "1894", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "the discovery of x-rays\u2014when he tried to photograph Mark Twain", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "the discovery of x-rays\u2014when he tried to photograph Mark Twain", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "December", "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "the discovery of x-rays\u2014when he tried to photograph Mark Twain", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "March 1896", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "March 1896", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "several", "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "March 1896", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "the output of the Tesla Coil", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "Tesla incorrectly", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "the early investigation of this phenomenon, he attributed the skin damage to various causes", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "the skin", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "the early investigation of this phenomenon", "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": ", and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "the skin was not caused by the Roentgen", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": ", but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "the early investigation of this phenomenon", "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "the skin was not caused by the Roentgen", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "the beginning of 1893 Westinghouse engineer Benjamin Lamme had made great progress developing an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "the beginning of 1893", "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "System", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": "Egg of Columbus", "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "the Egg of Columbus", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "1934", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "a sharp stinging pain where it entered his body, and again at the place where it passed out.\" In comparing these particles", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "the beam of force", "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "the beam of force ... will travel much faster than such particles", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "the possibility of the transmission by radio waves go back as far as lectures and demonstrations in 1893 in St. Louis, Missouri, the Franklin Institute", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "the further development of radio", "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "Franklin Institute in Philadelphia", "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "May 1899", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "1898", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "May 1899", "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "the public during an electrical exhibition at Madison Square Garden. The crowd that witnessed the demonstration", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "1900", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "the beginning of years of patent battles over radio with Tesla's patents being upheld in 1903, followed by a reverse decision in favor", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "1901", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "1943", "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "1943", "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "May 1899", "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "the power he needed without charging for it. Upon his arrival, he told reporters that he was conducting wireless", "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "June", "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "five", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "the nature of what Tesla", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "the nature of what Tesla", "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "the nature of what Tesla was detecting from lightning storms confirmed his belief", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "the ground. Sparks sprang from water line taps when touched. Light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab glowed", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "the ground. Sparks sprang from water line taps when touched. Light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab glowed", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "the ground. Sparks sprang from water line taps when touched. Light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab glowed", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "the ground. Sparks sprang from water line taps when touched. Light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab glowed", "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "Butter", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "August", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "the powerful high frequency currents", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "the powerful high frequency currents", "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "the powerful high frequency currents set up in them, and which caused heavy sparks to jump through the windings and destroy the insulation", "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "December 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "the new century to the Red Cross Society where he referred to messages \"from another world\" that read \"1... 2... 3...\". Reporters", "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "December", "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "December 1899", "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "July 1899", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": "John Jacob Astor IV", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "John Jacob Astor", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "John Jacob Astor", "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "John Jacob Astor", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "1900", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "His lab was torn down in 1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "1904", "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "1904", "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility known as Wardenclyffe", "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility", "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "the establishment of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "the money had gone, Tesla responded", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "the money had gone, Tesla responded", "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "the money had gone, Tesla responded", "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "the next five years, Tesla wrote over 50", "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "the next five years, Tesla wrote over 50 letters to Morgan, pleading for and demanding additional funding", "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "December", "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "The tower was erected to its full 187 feet (57 m). In July 1903, Tesla wrote to Morgan that in addition to wireless communication", "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "the Waterside Power Station in New York, several", "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "the Waterside Power Station in New York, several", "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "1906", "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "the Waterside Power Station in New York, several", "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "-powered mechanical oscillator\u2014Tesla's oscillator", "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "February 1912", "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "the experiment, just as the police arrived.:162\u2013164 In February 1912", "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "February", "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "February 1912", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "the brain enhanced intelligence. In 1912", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "1912", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "1912", "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "William", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "the time that the Wardenclyffe Tower was demolished by Boldt", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "the time that the Wardenclyffe Tower was demolished by Boldt", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "the time that the Wardenclyffe Tower was demolished by Boldt", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "$", "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "1917", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "August", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "a superficial resemblance to modern radar", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "August", "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": "a superficial resemblance to modern radar). Tesla was incorrect in his assumption that high frequency radio waves would penetrate water but \u00c9mile Girardeau", "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "November", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "November 1915", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "rumors", "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "November 1915", "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "the other received it first; that both rejected any possibility", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "38", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "Edison did receive one of 38 possible bids in 1915", "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "1915", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "1928", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "1928", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "1928", "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "1928", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "$", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "1934", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "1934", "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "1934", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "a method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance, a related new means of communication", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "the location of underground mineral deposits.", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "the location of underground mineral deposits.", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "the location", "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "the fall of 1937", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "the fall of 1937", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "the ground. Tesla's back was severely wrenched and three", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "the fall of 1937", "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "the fall of 1937", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "the weapon as capable of being", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "Tesla", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "-aircraft", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "-aircraft", "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "The press variably referred to it as a \"peace", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "1937", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "a narrow stream of small tung", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "a narrow stream of small tungsten pellets that are accelerated via high voltage (by means akin to his magnifying", "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "the world", "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "the technical description of a \"superweapon", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "the same year, Tesla wrote a treatise, The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "the technical description of a \"superweapon that would put an end to all war.\" This treatise is currently in the Nikola Tesla Museum archive in Bel", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions", "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "the technical description of a \"super", "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "the period in which the negotiations were being conducted, Tesla said that efforts", "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "the blueprint for the teleforce weapon was all in his mind", "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "the period in which the negotiations were being conducted, Tesla said that efforts", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "the age of 86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "the age of 86", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "the age of 86, Tesla died alone in room 3327 of the New Yorker Hotel. His body was later found by maid Alice Mon", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "sign", "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "the age of 86", "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "the National Defense Research Committee", "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "John", "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "John", "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "the National Defense Research Committee", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": "New", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "the background. On 12 January, two thousand people attended a state funeral for Tesla", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": "12", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": "the background. On 12", "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": "the background. On 12", "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "1952", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "1952", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "1957", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "1957", "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "1957", "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "the United States, Britain, and Canada, but many other patents were approved in countries around the globe.:62", "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "the United States, Britain, and Canada, but many other patents were approved in countries around the globe.:62", "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "the United States, Britain, and Canada", "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "the United States, Britain, and Canada, but many other patents were approved in countries around the globe.:62", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "eight", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": "8", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "the rare occasions when he would give a dinner to a group to meet his social obligations. Tesla", "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "the only one to serve him. \"The meal was required to be ready at eight", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "8", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "Tesla walked between 8", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "one hundred times for each foot every night", "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": ", saying that it stimulated his brain cells", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "the same interview, Tesla", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "the same interview, Tesla", "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "the same interview, Tesla said that he believed that all fundamental laws could be reduced to one", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "the end of his life, Tesla walked to the park every day to feed the pigeons", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": "2", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "the end of his life, Tesla walked to the park every day to feed the pigeons", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "the end of his life, Tesla walked to the park every day to feed the pigeons", "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "the end of his life, Tesla walked to the park every day to feed the pigeons and even brought injured ones into his hotel room", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "New York City", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": ", and regimented in his daily activities", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "1888", "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "New York City", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "a peculiar affliction", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "the name of an item, he would be able to envision it in realistic detail.:", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "the name of an item, he would be able to envision it in realistic detail.:", "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "photographic", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "a passion for (and became very proficient at) billiards, chess and card-playing, sometimes spending more than 48", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "a passion for (and became very proficient at) billiards, chess and card-playing, sometimes spending more than 48", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "second", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "Swe", "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "Kenneth Swezey, a journalist whom Tesla had befriended, confirmed that Tesla rarely", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "his chastity", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "the end of his life, he told a reporter", "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "the end of his life, he told a reporter", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood Johnson described him as attaining a \"distinguished sweetness", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": ", and a connoisseur of food and drink.\":80", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "Robert", "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": "Julian Hawthorne", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "the late 1920", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "the late 1920", "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "the late 1920", "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": ", such as when he fired a secretary because of her weight.:", "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": ", such as when he fired a secretary because of her weight.:", "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": ", such as when he fired a secretary", "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": ", such as when he fired a secretary because of her weight.:110 He was quick to criticize clothing; on several", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "the theory of atoms", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "the 19th century concept", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "concept", "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "19th century concept", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "the conversion of matter into energy.:247 He was also critical of Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "Tesla was generally antagonistic", "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "Einstein's theory of relativity", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": "the world. Further elucidation of his theory was never found in his writings.:309", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": "1892", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "the world. Further elucidation of his theory was never found in his writings.:309", "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "1937", "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "the belief that humans' \"pity\" had interfered with the natural \"ruthless workings of nature", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "the belief that humans' \"pity\" had interfered with the natural \"ruthless workings of nature", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "the belief that humans' \"pity", "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "the belief that humans' \"pity\" had interfered with the natural \"ruthless workings of nature", "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "1926", "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "1926", "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "1926", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "the War\" (20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "the relevant issues of a post-World War I environment in a printed article, \"Science", "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "the War\" (20 December 1914", "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "the League of Nations", "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism. Despite this, he had a profound respect for both Buddhism and Christianity", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism", "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "the orthodox sense,\" and opposed religious fanaticism. Despite this, he had a profound respect for both Buddhism and Christianity", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "1937", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": ", his religious views remain uncertain", "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "A Machine to End War\", published in 1937", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "a number of books and articles for magazines and journals. Among his books are My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": "a number of books and articles for magazines and journals. Among his books are My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla", "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": "In", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": "the web, including the article \"The Problem of Increasing Human Energy,\" published in The Century Magazine in 1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": "1900", "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "Inventions, Researches and Writings", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": "a recurring theme in several types of science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": "a recurring theme in several types of science fiction", "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "a recurring theme in several", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": "1931, Time magazine", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "1931", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation. He received congratulatory letters", "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "the world's his power house\" noted his contribution to electrical power generation. He received congratulatory letters from more", "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "Computational complexity theory", "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty", "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "Computational complexity theory is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science", "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "the number of processors (used in parallel computing", "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures are also used, such as the amount of communication", "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "the amount of resources needed to solve them, such as time and storage. Other complexity measures", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "the number of processors (used in parallel computing", "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "the roles of computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "the same problem. More precisely, it tries to classify problems that can or cannot", "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory. A key distinction between analysis of algorithms and computational complexity theory", "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "the same problem. More precisely, it tries to classify problems that can or cannot", "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "the same problem. More precisely, it tries to classify problems that can or cannot", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "problem", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": ", and should not be confused with the problem itself. In computational complexity theory", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": ", and should not be confused with the problem itself. In computational complexity theory", "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": ", and the solution", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman", "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "a problem instance is a string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "a string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "a string over an alphabet", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "For example, integers can be represented in binary notation", "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": ", and graphs", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Dec", "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "A decision problem is a special type", "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "A decision problem is a special type", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": ", or alternately either 1 or 0. A decision problem can be viewed as a formal language, where the members of the language are instances whose output", "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "The objective is to decide, with the aid of an algorithm, whether a given input string is a member of the formal language under consideration", "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "the following. The input is an arbitrary graph. The problem consists", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "the following. The input is an arbitrary graph. The problem consists in deciding whether the given graph is connected, or not. The formal language", "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "the following. The input is an arbitrary graph. The problem consists", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": ", but the output is more complex than that of a decision", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "the traveling salesman problem and the integer factorization", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "Notable examples include the traveling salesman", "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "the traveling salesman", "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": ", but the output is more complex than that of a decision", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits. Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits. Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits. Complexity", "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits", "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "the size of the instance. This is usually taken to be the size of the input in bits. Complexity theory", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "the same size can be different, the worst-case time complexity T(n", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "the same size can be different, the worst-case time complexity T(n", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "the same size can be different, the worst-case time complexity T(n) is defined to be the maximum", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "the same size can be different, the worst-case time complexity", "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "the same size can be different, the worst-case time complexity", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "Turing machine", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "the most commonly used model in complexity theory", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "the Turing machine is the most commonly", "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "Turing machine is a mathematical model of a general computing machine. It is a theoretical device that manipulates symbols contained on a strip of tape", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "A deterministic", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "A non-deterministic Turing machine is a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "A probabilistic", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "non-determinism", "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "Algorithms that use random bits are called randomized", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": ", such as deterministic Turing machines, probabilistic Turing", "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": ", such as deterministic Turing machines, probabilistic", "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": ", such as deterministic Turing machines, probabilistic", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "the literature, for example random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "the literature, for example random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "The time and memory consumption", "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "the literature, for example random access machines", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "a non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "non", "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "a non-deterministic Turing machine is a computational model that is allowed to branch", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "a precise definition of what it means to solve a problem using a given amount of time and space", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "difficulty", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "the problem. Since complexity theory", "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "the problem. Since complexity theory", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "-known complexity resources, any complexity measure can be viewed as a computational resource", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "-known complexity resources, any complexity measure can be viewed as a computational resource", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "ioms", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "communication complexity", "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": ", and decision tree complexity", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "the following", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "the same size.", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "the same size. Since some inputs of size n", "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "the same size. Since some inputs of size n may be faster to solve than others, we define the following complexities", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "the problem of sorting a list of integers that is given as the input. The worst-case", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "the problem of sorting a list of integers that is given as the input. The worst-case", "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "the problem of sorting a list of integers that is given as the input. The worst-case", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "the future. To show a lower bound of T(n) for a problem requires showing that no algorithm can have time complexity lower than T(n", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "the field of analysis", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "the field of analysis of algorithms. To show an upper bound T(n) on the time complexity", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "the field of analysis", "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "the field of analysis", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "the specific details of the computational model used. For instance, if T(n", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "the specific details of the computational model used. For instance, if T(n", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "the specific details of the computational model used. For instance, if T(n) = 7n2", "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "Upper and lower bounds are usually stated using the big O notation", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework. Thus, a typical", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "typical", "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": ", a typical", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "the model of single-tape Turing machines. If we allow polynomial variations in running time, Cobham", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "the model of single-tape Turing machines. If we allow polynomial variations in running time, Cobham", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "the model of single-tape Turing machines. If we allow polynomial variations in running time, Cobham", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "related", "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "the basis for the complexity class P, which is the set of decision problems solvable", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "the following", "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "the time or space", "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "the time or space", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": ", which are defined using probabilistic", "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "AC and NC", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "BQP and QMA, which are defined using quantum", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": ", which are defined using quantum Turing machines. #P is an important complexity class of counting", "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "IP", "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "the other. Having deduced such proper set inclusions", "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "the other. Having deduced such proper set inclusions", "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "the other. Having deduced such proper set inclusions", "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "the other. Having deduced such proper set inclusions", "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "the other. Having deduced such proper set inclusions", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "the basis for most separation results of complexity classes. For instance, the time hierarchy theorem tells us that P is strictly contained in EXPTIME", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "P is strictly contained in EXPTIME", "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "L is strictly contained in PSPACE", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "concept", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "the concept", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "the concept", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "the concept", "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "polyn", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "the problem of multiplying two", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "the notion of hard problems depends on the type", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": ", the notion of hard problems depends on the type of reduction being used. For complexity classes larger", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "the concept of a problem being hard for a complexity class. A problem X is hard for a class of problems C", "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "the concept of a problem being hard for a complexity class. A problem X is hard for a class of problems C", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "the hardest problems in C.) Thus the class of NP", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "the class of NP", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "2", "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "the sense that they are the ones most likely not to be in P. Because the problem P = NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "the other hand, contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently, but for which no efficient algorithm is known, such as the Boolean satisfiability", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "the other hand, contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently, but for which no efficient algorithm is known, such as the Boolean satisfiability", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "The complexity class NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "NP", "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "the other hand, contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently, but for which no efficient algorithm is known, such as the Boolean satisfiability", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "the ability to find formal proofs of pure mathematics theorems. The P versus NP", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "the most important open questions in theoretical computer science", "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "the ability to find formal proofs of pure mathematics theorems. The P versus NP", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "the very few NP problems not known to be in P or to be NP-complete", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "inter", "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "the very few NP problems not known to be in P or to be NP-complete.", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "two", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "two finite graphs are isomorphic. An important unsolved problem in complexity theory", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level. Since it is widely believed that the polyn", "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "second", "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "The best algorithm", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "the prime factorization", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "ization", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "the basis of several", "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "The best known algorithm for integer factorization", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": ", but this has not been proved. For instance P \u2286 NP \u2286 PP \u2286 PSPACE", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": ", but this has not been proved. For instance P \u2286 NP \u2286 PP \u2286 PSPACE", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": ", but this has not been proved. For instance P \u2286 NP \u2286 PP \u2286 PSPACE", "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "Proving that any of these classes are unequal would be a major breakthrough", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": "the same lines, co-NP is the class containing the complement", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": "the same lines, co-NP is the class containing the complement", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "the same lines, co-NP", "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "the same lines, co-NP", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": ", it is not known if L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": ", it is not known if L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": ", it is not known if L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "many complexity classes between the two, such as NL and NC", "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "the two, such as NL and NC", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "Pro", "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "polyn", "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": "NP", "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "For example, the decision problem in Presburger", "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "For example, the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in P, yet algorithms", "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "the problem are hard or even that most of them are. For example, the decision problem in Presburger", "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "intract", "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "vers", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "the complexity of algorithmic", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "the complexity", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "Alan Turing in 1936", "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "1965", "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "1960", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "61", "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "62", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "the choice of encoding. This can be achieved by ensuring that different representations can be transformed into each", "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "the choice of encoding. This can be achieved by ensuring that different representations can be transformed into each", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "the USSR, proved that there exist practically relevant problems that are NP-complete. In 1972", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "1967", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "1972", "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "1972", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "curriculum", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "the study of pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "the study of pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "the study of pedagogy", "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "the study of pedagogy", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": ", or life skills", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": ", or life skills", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": ", or life skills", "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": ", or life skills", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "home schooling", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": ", or by anyone with knowledge or skills in the wider community setting.", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": ", such as a family member", "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "Informal learning", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": "the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": ", may teach religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": ", may teach religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "the Quran, Torah or Bible", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "homes", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": ", and accountants (Chartered", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": ", and accountants (Chartered", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "the wider community", "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "status", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "the organization of school functions, and serve as supervisors", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "the organization of school functions, and serve as supervisors", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "the organization of school functions, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities", "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "the organization of school functions, and serve as supervisors for extracurricular activities. In some education systems", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "the world many governments operate teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "the world many governments operate teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "the world many governments operate teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "the world many governments operate teacher's colleges", "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "the standards of practice", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": "the State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "the State Board of Education", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "the State Board of Education", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "the State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction", "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "the State Board of Education, the Superintendent of Public Instruction", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": ", often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors. A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": ", often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors", "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor.", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom.", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "Different ways to teach are often referred to as pedagogy", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "the past decade, has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom.", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "the past decade, has begun", "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": ", or a practical skill", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults, students with different abilities", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults, students with different abilities and students with learning", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": "the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults, students with different abilities", "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "the relevant authority. The teacher may interact with students of different ages, from infants to adults, students with different abilities", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "the needs of all students in the classroom. Pedagogy", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "the needs of all students in the classroom. Pedagogy", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "encourage", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "the needs of all students in the classroom. Pedagogy", "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "the needs of all students in the classroom. Pedagogy", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "relationship", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "the week and will teach them the whole curriculum", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "the day.", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "the week and may have ten or more different teachers. The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer", "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "The relationship between children and their teachers tends to be closer in the primary school where they act as form", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education", "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "the United States as well. However, alternative approaches for primary education", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "two", "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "two", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "the history of education the most common form of school discipline was corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "the history of education the most common form of school discipline was corporal punishment. While", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "the history of education the most common form of school discipline was corporal punishment", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "the history of education", "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "the history of education the most common form of school discipline was corporal punishment. While", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "the most common", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "the United States following a US Supreme Court decision in 1977", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "the United States", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "1977", "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "the United States following a US Supreme Court decision in 1977", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "the seat of the student's trousers or skirt", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "the seat of the student's trousers or skirt", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": "the South) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree in some public schools in Alabama, Arkansas", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle", "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "the seat of the student's trousers or skirt", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": ", remains commonplace in schools", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": ", remains commonplace in schools in some Asian", "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": ", remains commonplace in schools in some Asian, African and Caribbean countries. For details of individual countries see School", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "the most common punishments in schools", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "-school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\" held at some schools. During detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "the United States, the UK, Ireland, Singapore and other countries. It requires the pupil to remain in school", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "-school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\" held at some schools. During detention", "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "-school day, e.g. \"Saturday detention\" held at some schools. During detention", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "the idea of an assertive teacher who is prepared to impose their will upon a class. Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "the idea of an assertive teacher who is prepared to impose their will upon a class. Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": "the idea of an assertive teacher who is prepared to impose their will upon a class. Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "boundaries define what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior", "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "the idea of an assertive teacher who is prepared to impose their will upon a class. Positive reinforcement is balanced with immediate and fair punishment for misbehavior", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "the majority of academics, some teachers and parents advocate a more assertive and confrontational", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "the classroom they would be able to teach more efficiently. This viewpoint is supported by the educational attainment of countries\u2014in East Asia", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "the majority of academics, some teachers and parents advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline.[citation", "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "the majority of academics, some teachers and parents advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline.[citation", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "the reality of East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries. In Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": "the reality of East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries. In Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": "the reality of East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries. In Japan", "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "the reality of East Asian classrooms or that the educational goals in these countries are commensurable with those in Western countries. In Japan", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "the classroom", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction, leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught. In response", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": "the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction, leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught. In response", "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction, leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught. In response", "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "They also claim that in these schools the preservation of public order is easier and more efficient than anywhere else. Primarily", "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "They also claim that in these schools the preservation of public order is easier and more efficient than anywhere else. Primarily", "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "a whole, thence the school atmosphere is one of persuasion and negotiation, rather than confrontation since there is no one to confront. Sudbury", "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "They also claim that in these schools the preservation", "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "a whole, thence the school atmosphere is one of persuasion and negotiation, rather than confrontation since there is no one to confront. Sudbury", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "the difficulties in this approach is that teachers may have repeatedly covered a curriculum until they begin to feel bored with the subject which in turn bores", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "the difficulties in this approach is that teachers may have repeatedly covered a curriculum until they begin to feel bored with the subject which in turn bores", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "the difficulties in this approach is that teachers may have repeatedly covered a curriculum until they begin to feel bored with the subject which in turn bores", "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "the difficulties in this approach is that teachers may have repeatedly covered a curriculum until they begin to feel bored with the subject which in turn bores", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": ", and curious about learning the subject matter. Recent research has found a correlation", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "Students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": ", such as demonstrative gesturing", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation of college students", "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "the classroom. Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation of college students", "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "self-determined", "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "the context of learning. Also", "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "concept", "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "the context of learning", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "relationships", "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "relationship", "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": ", whereas academic success includes the goals he receives from his superior. A teacher must guide his student in aligning his personal goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "ing his personal goals", "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "the kind of relationship they build with their students. Useful teacher-to-student interactions are crucial", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": ", and demonstrate a willingness to play", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": ", and demonstrate a willingness to play", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "effective", "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "three", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "the future. The teacher also needs to be enthusiastic about", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "A spark in the teacher may create a spark of excitement", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "the future. The teacher also needs to be enthusiastic about the subject matter they are teaching. For example, a teacher talking about chemistry", "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "the future. The teacher also needs to be enthusiastic about the subject matter they are teaching. For example, a teacher talking about chemistry", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "the American Association of University Women", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "the media and the courts. A study", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "the American Association of University Women", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": "the American Association of University Women", "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "the American Association of University Women", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "study", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "the ages of 18 and 24 in a computer-assisted study\" and that the questions referred to \"sexual", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "the ages of 18 and 24 in a computer-assisted study\" and that the questions referred to \"sexual", "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "2", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": "the United States especially, several", "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "the United States especially, several high-profile cases such as Debra LaFave", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": "the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups. Fears of being labelled a pedophile", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups. Fears of being labelled a pedophile", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "the law that we are concerned about.\" This has led to outrage from child protection and parental rights groups. Fears of being labelled a pedophile", "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "the age of consent should not be placed on the sex offenders", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": ", including occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": ", including occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": ", including occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": ", including occupational stress", "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": ", including occupational stress", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "42", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "the average profession. A 2012", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "the average profession. A 2012", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "double", "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "double", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "several", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "Individual-level interventions, including stress-management training and counseling", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "promotions", "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "Organizational", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "the world. In almost all countries teachers are educated in a university or college", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "the world. In almost all countries teachers are educated in a university or college. Governments may require certification by a recognized", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "education", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "the world. In almost all countries teachers are educated in a university or college. Governments may require certification by a recognized", "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "the US, require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation", "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "the responsibility of the individual states and territories. Generally, education in Australia", "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three", "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "the individual states and territories. Generally, education in Australia follows the three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary", "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "the individual states and territories. Generally, education in Australia follows the three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education", "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "three-tier", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "the private sector, businesses and sponsors.", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "the private sector, businesses and sponsors.", "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "the provincial government or teaching in a private school which is funded by the private sector, businesses and sponsors.", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "Teaching Education Studies", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "Teaching Education Studies", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Grundschule", "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "Bundesbesoldungsordnung", "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "higher", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": "the position of principal, deputy principal or assistant principal), experience and qualifications. Extra", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "The basic pay for a starting teacher is \u20ac", "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "The basic", "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "A principal of a large school with many years experience and several qualifications (M.A., H.Dip., etc.)", "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "the Teaching Council", "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "the Teaching Council; under Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "the Teaching Council", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "the teaching profession. These procedures apply to teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting \"c", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "the teaching profession. These procedures apply to teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting \"c", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "the teaching profession. These procedures apply to teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting \"c", "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "the teaching profession. These procedures apply to teaching and also to non-teaching posts and those who refuse vetting \"c", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "September", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": ", although some salaries can go much higher depending on experience and extra responsibilities. Preschool", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": ", although some salaries can go much higher depending on experience and extra responsibilities. Preschool", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "bachelor", "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "September", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "programs", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers, outweigh slowing enrollment growth; opportunities will vary by geographic", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among secondary school teachers, outweigh slowing enrollment growth; opportunities will vary by geographic", "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities are expected as retirements, especially among", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "the General Teaching Council", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS). Teaching", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "seven", "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "the seven Scottish Universities who offer these courses. Once successfully completed, \"Provisional Registration", "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "Registration", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "April 2008", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "the main ones being the Educational Institute of Scotland", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "the main ones being the Educational Institute of Scotland", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "the main ones being the Educational Institute of Scotland", "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "the main ones being the Educational Institute of Scotland", "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "the United Kingdom. For example, a significant number of students all over Wales are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of Welsh: in 2008", "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "the United Kingdom. For example, a significant number of students all over Wales are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of Welsh: in 2008", "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "the age of 16", "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "22", "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "the United Kingdom. For example, a significant number of students all over Wales are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of Welsh: in 2008", "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years. A growing cause of concern", "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years. A growing cause of concern", "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "2005", "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years. A growing cause of concern", "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years. A growing cause of concern", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license", "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools. Teaching certification", "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a license", "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "Many charter schools", "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "No", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "the opportunity to increase their income by supervising after-school programs and other extracurricular activities. In addition to monetary compensation", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": "the opportunity to increase their income by supervising after-school programs and other extracurricular activities. In addition to monetary compensation", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "the opportunity to increase their income by supervising after-school programs and other extracurricular activities. In addition to monetary compensation", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "$", "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "com", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": "the latter case often a youth pastor) in the Protestant and Non-Denominational traditions, which boundaries can be blurred with the more typically", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "the latter case often a youth pastor) in the Protestant and Non-Denominational traditions, which boundaries can be blurred with the more typically", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "the latter case often a youth pastor) in the Protestant and Non-Denominational traditions, which boundaries can be blurred with the more typically", "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": "the latter case often a youth pastor) in the Protestant and Non-Denominational traditions, which boundaries can be blurred with the more typically", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "the LDS Church is similar to that in the more \"low-church\" traditions of Protestantism, with a stronger emphasis placed on the husband", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "the LDS Church is similar to that in the more \"low-church\" traditions of Protestantism, with a stronger emphasis placed on the husband", "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "the LDS Church is similar to that in the more \"low-church\" traditions of Protestantism, with a stronger emphasis placed on the husband", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "the LDS Church is similar to that in the more \"low-church\" traditions of Protestantism, with a stronger emphasis placed on the husband", "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "the LDS Church is similar to that in the more \"low-church\" traditions of Protestantism, with a stronger emphasis placed on the husband", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "a guru", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "emphasis on spiritual mentorship", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": ", and, in many traditions of Hinduism - especially those common in the West - the emphasis on spiritual mentorship", "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "emphasis", "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "Lama", "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "A Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously determined", "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "Bodhisattva vow", "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "A Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times", "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "A Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "the laws of Islam for the proper way of Islamic living", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "the proper way of Islamic living according to the Sunnah and Ahadith, and can render legal verdicts upon matters of Islamic law in accordance", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "mystical", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "Five", "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "living saints", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": "November 1483 \u2013 18 February", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "February", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Late Medieval Catholic Church", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased", "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "the authority and office", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "the authority and office of the Pope by teaching that the Bible", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "Bible", "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "translation of the Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "the Tyndale Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "translation of the Bible", "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "the practice of clerical marriage", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "November", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "November", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "the feast day of St. Martin of Tours", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "Catholic", "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "the feast day of St. Martin of Tours", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "the age of 19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "the age of 19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "the age of 19, he entered the University of Erfurt", "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "5", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "two", "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "the same university that year but dropped out almost immediately, believing that law represented uncertainty. Luther sought assurances about life and was drawn to theology", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "the door of the Black Cloister. \"This day you see me, and then, not ever again", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "2", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "the door of the Black Cloister. \"This day you see me, and then, not ever again", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "friend", "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "Luther's education", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "the merits of Christ", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "the merits of Christ", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "Christ", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "Johann", "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "the merits of Christ. He taught that true repentance", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "7", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "8", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "8", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "March 1508", "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "8", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "19 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "21 October 1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "1512", "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "October 1512", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "1516", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "Johann Tetzel", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "Roman", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "Roman Catholic theology stated that faith alone, whether fiduciary or dogmatic, cannot justify man; justification", "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "the Roman Catholic Church to sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "October", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albert of Mainz", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "Dis", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": "the wealth of the richest Crassus, build the basilica of St. Peter with the money of poor believers", "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": "86", "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Johann Tetzel", "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "Johann Tetzel that \"As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory (also attested as 'into heaven", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": ", must not slacken in following Christ", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": ", must not slacken in following Christ", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": ", must not slacken in following Christ", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": ", must not slacken in following Christ", "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "Christ", "56f8046faef2371900625d71": ", this oft-quoted saying of Tetzel", "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "the matter in regard to indulgences for the dead, his teaching", "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "the matter in regard", "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "the matter in regard to indulgences for the dead, his teaching", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "the story of the posting on the door, even though it has settled as one of the pillars of history", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "the story of the posting on the door, even though it has settled as one of the pillars of history", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "comments", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "The story is based on comments", "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "the story of the posting on the door, even though it has settled as one of the pillars of history", "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "January", "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "January", "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "January", "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "January", "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "the first in history to be aided by the printing press. Within two weeks, copies of the theses had spread throughout Germany; within two months", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "1519", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "the Church, and On the Freedom of a Christian", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "the Church, and On the Freedom of a Christian", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "Three of his best-known works were published in 1520", "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "Three", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": "the use of terms such as penance and righteousness", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "the central truths of Christianity", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "the use of terms such as penance and righteousness by the Catholic Church in new ways. He became convinced", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "Christianity", "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "the central truths of Christianity", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "the work of God", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "25", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "the merits of Christ.\" Faith, for Luther, was a gift from God; the experience of being justified", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "concept", "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "Romans", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "two", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "the first of two", "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "the first of two", "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "two", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "the building of St Peter's Church in Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "December", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "the building of St Peter's Church in Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "the building of St Peter's Church in Rome", "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "December", "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "the next three years he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther", "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "the next three years he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther", "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "October 1518, under questioning", "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "October 1518, under questioning", "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "October 1518, under questioning", "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "January 1519, at Altenburg in Saxony, the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz", "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "concessions", "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "Johann Eck", "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "Matthew 16", "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "Johann Eck", "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "June", "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "a consequence, Luther was excommunicated by Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521", "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "a consequence, Luther was excommunicated by Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521", "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "Karl", "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "January 1521", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "the estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms, a town on the Rhine. It was conducted from 28", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "April", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "April", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Emperor", "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "Prince", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": ", but requested time to think about the answer to the second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "Johann Eck, speaking on behalf of the Empire as assistant of the Archbishop of Trier", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": ", but requested time to think about the answer to the second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": ", but requested time to think about the answer to the second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response", "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": ", but requested time to think about the answer to the second question. He prayed, consulted friends, and gave his response", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "the end of this speech, Luther", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael", "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "He is sometimes also quoted as saying: \"Here I stand", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "He is sometimes also quoted as saying: \"Here I stand", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "the speech and not recorded in witness accounts of the proceedings. However, Mullett suggests that given his nature, \"we are free to believe that Luther", "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": ", Mullett suggests that given his nature, \"we are free to believe that Luther", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "the next five days, private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate. The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "25", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "25", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "the next five days, private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate. The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "the next five days, private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate. The Emperor presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms", "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "the principle of justification to Jacobus Latomus", "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Frederick", "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "the security of the Wartburg Castle at Eisenach. During his stay", "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "the New Testament", "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "the security of the Wartburg Castle at Eisenach. During his stay at Wartburg, which he referred to as \"my Patmos", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": "the same theme: \"Be a sinner, and let your sins be strong, but let your trust in Christ", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "the same theme: \"Be a sinner, and let your sins be strong, but let your trust in Christ", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "August", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "the same theme: \"Be a sinner, and let your sins be strong, but let your trust in Christ", "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "the same theme: \"Be a sinner, and let your sins be strong, but let your trust in Christ", "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "summer of 1521", "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "the heart of Church practices. In On the Abrogation of the Private Mass, he condemned as idol", "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "Abrogation of the Private Mass, he condemned as idolatry the idea that the mass is a sacrifice, asserting instead that it is a gift", "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "the whole congregation. His essay On Confession, Whether the Pope has the Power to Require It rejected compulsory confession", "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "Mon", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "the foundations of the Reformation placing them on prophetic faith. His main interest was centered on the prophecy of the Little Horn in Daniel 8", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "the foundations of the Reformation placing them on prophetic faith. His main interest was centered on the prophecy of the Little Horn in Daniel 8", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "the foundations of the Reformation placing them on prophetic faith. His main interest was centered on the prophecy of the Little Horn in Daniel 8", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "8", "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "the foundations of the Reformation placing them on prophetic faith. His main interest was centered on the prophecy of the Little Horn in Daniel 8", "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "June 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "June 1521", "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "the context of rapid developments at Wittenberg", "56f84760aef2371900625f84": "the context of rapid developments at Wittenberg", "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "Luther", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "22", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "1522", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "eight", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "eight", "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "eight", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "the way of the truth", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "the way of the truth", "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "the truth", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "Dr. Martin's return spread among us! His words, through divine mercy", "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "the way of the truth", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "the authorities to restore public order", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "the authorities to restore public order, he signalled his reinvention as a conservative", "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "the authorities to restore public order, he signalled his reinvention as a conservative force within the Reformation", "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "the new order by fomenting social unrest", "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "the new order by fomenting social unrest", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "Nicholas Storch and Thomas M\u00fcntzer helped instigate the German Peasants' War of 1524", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "Preachers such as Zwickau prophet Nicholas Storch and Thomas M\u00fcntzer helped instigate the German Peasants' War of 1524", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "1524", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "the 15th century. Luther", "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "the 15th century. Luther", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "May 1525", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "monasteries", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "Against", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "1525", "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "1525", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "the Divine Right of Kings, or, in the German case, the divine right of the princes. Second", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "Christ", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "God", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "the Divine Right of Kings", "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "the law of God and Empire", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "the Battle of Frankenhausen on 15 May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "May", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "May 1525", "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "the Battle of Frankenhausen on 15 May 1525", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "the time of their marriage, Katharina was 26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "April", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "the time of their marriage, Katharina was 26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "the time of their marriage, Katharina was 26", "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "April", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "June", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "the evening", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "the same day, the couple", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "two", "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "the evening", "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "1524", "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "1524", "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "He had long condemned vows of celibacy", "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "1524", "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "Melanchthon, who called it reckless. Luther had written to George Spalatin on 30 November 1524", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542", "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "The Black Cloister", "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "six", "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "August 1526", "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "a few months; Magdalene \u2013 1529", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "the extent that it is a theology of the cross, the negation of every affirmation: as long as the cross is at the center", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "1529", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "worship service", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "two", "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "the form of two catechisms. Luther's thought", "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "the Electorate of Saxony", "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "Instructions for the Visitors of Parish Pastors in Electoral Saxony (1528", "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "the Electorate of Saxony, acting only as an adviser to churches in new territories, many of which followed his Saxon model. He worked closely", "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "early 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "a German Mass, which he published in early 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "a German Mass, which he published in early 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "a German Mass, which he published in early 1526", "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "freedom", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "1527", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "visitation", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "Christian education", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "Christian doctrine", "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "pastors", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": "the basics of Christianity", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": "29", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": "the basics of Christianity to the congregations. In 1529", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "Small Catechism", "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "the basics of Christianity to the congregations. In 1529", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "Luther's most personal works", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "the Bible", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": ", except perhaps the Bondage of the Will", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "The Small Catechism has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching", "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "Bible", "56f86966aef2371900626053": "the character of the Father, the Son, or the Holy Spirit", "56f86966aef2371900626054": "pastors", "56f86966aef2371900626055": "the character of the Father, the Son, or the Holy Spirit", "56f86966aef2371900626056": "the character of the Father, the Son, or the Holy Spirit", "56f86966aef2371900626057": "Salvation", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "22", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "34", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "the end of his life. Others had translated the Bible into German, but Luther", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "Romans", "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "the main point of Christian doctrine, namely, that we are justified by faith in Christ", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "the Saxon chancellery, intelligible to both northern and southern Germans. He intended his vigorous, direct language to make the Bible", "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "The Luther Bible", "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "the spread of Luther's doctrine throughout Germany. The Luther Bible", "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "The Luther Bible", "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "by", "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William", "56f87000aef2371900626071": "a prolific hymn-writer", "56f87000aef2371900626072": "singing", "56f87000aef2371900626073": "singing", "56f87000aef2371900626074": "singing", "56f87000aef2371900626075": "the waldzither that became a national instrument of Germany", "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes", "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "the execution of Johann Esch", "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes", "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "John", "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes", "56f87392aef2371900626099": "1524", "56f87392aef237190062609a": "1524", "56f87392aef237190062609b": "1529 three-part explanation of the Apostles' Creed", "56f87392aef237190062609c": "1524", "56f87392aef237190062609d": "20th-century Lutherans rarely use the hymn", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "1538", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "The extant manuscript", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "The hymn functioned both as a liturgical setting of the Lord's Prayer and as a means of examining candidates", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "The extant manuscript", "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "versifications", "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "1523", "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "four", "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "the theme of \"grace alone\" more fully. Because it expressed essential Reformation doctrine, this expanded version of \"Aus tiefer Not", "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "the Achtliederbuch, the first Lutheran hymnal. In 1524 Luther developed his original four", "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "the theme of \"grace alone\" more fully. Because it expressed essential Reformation doctrine", "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "the main hymn for Christmas", "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "the main hymn for Christmas. He wrote for Pentecost \"Nun bitten wir den Heiligen Geist\", and adopted for Easter", "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "the main hymn for Christmas. He wrote for Pentecost \"Nun bitten wir den Heiligen Geist\", and adopted for Easter", "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "two", "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "It became known as the German Te Deum", "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "1541 hymn \"Christ", "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "the 18th century, including J. S. Bach, used this rich hymn", "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "the 18th century, including J. S. Bach, used this rich hymn", "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "Preachers and composers of the 18th century, including J. S. Bach", "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "four", "56f88025aef237190062611e": "the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter, Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn, all published in 15", "56f88025aef237190062611f": "four of eight", "56f88025aef2371900626120": "18 of 26", "56f88025aef2371900626121": "24", "56f88025aef2371900626122": "Johann Walter, Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn, all published in 1524", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "Johann Sebastian Bach included several verses as chorales in his cantatas and based chorale cantatas", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "Johann Sebastian Bach", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "the views of John Calvin and Philipp Melanchthon", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "the existence of Purgatory, which involved Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "the existence of Purgatory, which involved Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "the existence of Purgatory, which involved Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering", "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "In his Smalcald Articles, he described the saints as currently residing \"in their graves and in heaven", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "the same conclusion", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians such as Johann", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "Luther", "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from the later Lutheran theologians such as Johann Gerhard. Lessing (1755", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": ", while Gottfried Fritsc", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "John Jortin", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "Francis Blackburne in 1765", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "1867", "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "18", "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "October 1529", "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "the Lord's Supper", "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "October 1529", "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "Agreement was achieved on fourteen", "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "the Lord's Supper\u2014an issue crucial to Luther", "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "the significance", "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "the body and blood of Christ", "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "the body and blood of Christ", "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "1530", "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "signing", "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "the Schmalkaldic League", "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "The Swiss cities", "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "the formation of the Schmalkaldic League", "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "He wrote, \"All the articles of our Christian faith, which God has revealed to us in His Word", "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "He wrote, \"All the articles of our Christian faith, which God has revealed to us in His Word", "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "He wrote, \"All the articles of our Christian faith, which God has revealed to us in His Word", "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "reason", "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "honoring", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "Jesus Christ", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "the standards of sixteenth century Europe", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "Christianity", "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "His 1543", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "the idea of a Holy War, \"as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "the idea of a Holy War, \"as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "the idea of a Holy War, \"as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "the idea of a Holy War, \"as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ", "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "the idea of a Holy War, \"as though our people were an army of Christians against the Turks, who were enemies of Christ", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "1542", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "1542", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam, which he called \"Mohammedanism", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam, which he called \"Mohammedanism", "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "the Qur'an. He went on to produce several critical pamphlets on Islam, which he called \"Mohammedanism", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "the time as pastor in Luther's birthplace, Eisleben \u2013 preached a sermon", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "the time as pastor in Luther's birthplace, Eisle", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "Johannes", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "the time as pastor in Luther's birthplace, Eisle", "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "On the Councils and the Church", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "the one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "the one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "the one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "the one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit", "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "the one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law,\" that is, the law as the Holy Spirit", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": ", is nothing more than an illustration of the Ten", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "the Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered not as God's condemning judgment but as an expression of his eternal will", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "the \"third", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "the other hand, Luther also points out that the Ten Commandments \u2013 when considered", "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "Ten", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "the sacrament of baptism", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "the sacrament of baptism, are a present foreshadowing of the believers' future angel-like life in heaven", "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": ", do not encourage world-flight but direct the Christian to service to the neighbor", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "December", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "December", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "the matter. As a result, on 4 March 1540", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "the view of Luther's biographer Martin Brecht, \"giving confessional advice for Philip", "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "the view of Luther's biographer Martin Brecht, \"giving confessional advice for Philip", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "community", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "the sight of God\". In 15", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "a theological and cultural tradition which saw Jews as a rejected people guilty of the murder of Christ", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "the sight of God\". In 15", "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "the sight of God\". In 15", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ", "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "the Lineage of Christ", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "Martin Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "Martin Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "Martin Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "Martin Luther", "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "the 1580", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "the development of antisemitism", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "the development of antisemitism", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "the development of antisemitism", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "Luther", "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "On the Jews and their Lies to Julius Streicher, editor of the Nazi newspaper Der St\u00fcrmer, on his birthday in 1937", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "December 1941", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "November", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "November", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "November", "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "November", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "the heart of scholars' debate about Luther", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "Martin Brecht points out that \"There is a world of difference between his belief", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "the authority of the Reformer.\" Johannes Wallmann argues that Luther", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "18", "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "the heart of scholars' debate about Luther", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "a key element of German culture and national identity.\" Paul Rose argues that he caused a \"hysterical and demonizing mentality", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "Paul Rose argues that he caused a \"hysterical and demonizing mentality", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Demonizing", "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Demonizing", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "Mark U. Edwards in his book Luther's Last Battles: Politics and Polemics 1531\u201346 (1983), suggest that since Luther", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "a declining state of mind", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "1531\u201346 (1983), suggest that since Luther", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "Luther", "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "1531\u201346 (1983", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "1980s", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans. Strommen et al.'s 1970", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "Richard (Dick) Geary, former Professor of Modern History", "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "1928", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "the effects of angina", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "1531 to 1546", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "December 1544", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "the effects of angina", "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "December", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "-tempered and even harsher in his writings and comments. His wife Katharina was overheard saying, \"Dear husband", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "1545", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "1545", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "-tempered and even harsher in his writings and comments. His wife Katharina was overheard saying, \"Dear husband", "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "February", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "February", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "February", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "February", "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "February", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Mansfeld", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "Count", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "45", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "twice", "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "concern", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "February", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "February", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "February", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "February", "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "February", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "February", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "February", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "February", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "February", "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "February", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "A piece of paper was later found on which Luther had written his last statement", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Luther had written his last statement", "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": ", apart from \"We are beggars,\" which was in German", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "the 1530s and 1540s, printed images of Luther", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "the spread of Protestantism. In contrast to images of frail Catholic saints, Luther", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "the 1530s and 1540s, printed images of Luther that emphasized his monumental size were crucial", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "the spread of Protestantism. In contrast to images of frail Catholic saints, Luther", "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "the 1530s", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "February", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "February", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "February", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "February", "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "February", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "the state of California", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "The region is traditionally described as \"eight", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "the state of California", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "eight", "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "The region is traditionally described as \"eight", "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "the United States", "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "the United States", "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "the United States. The megaregion's area is more expansive, extending east into Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican", "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "the United States. The megaregion's area is more expansive, extending east into Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican", "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "the United States. The megaregion's area is more expansive, extending east into Las Vegas, Nevada, and south across the Mexican", "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": ", and down to Greater San Diego. Southern California's population encompasses seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "22", "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": ", and down to Greater San Diego. Southern California's population encompasses seven", "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "22", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "the state of Nevada. To the south is the Mexico", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "the state of Nevada. To the south is the Mexico", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "the state of Nevada. To the south is the Mexico", "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "the state of Nevada. To the south is the Mexico", "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "the country's largest metropolitan areas. With a population of 3,792,621, Los Angeles is the most populous city in California", "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "the country's largest metropolitan areas. With a population of 3,792", "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "the country's largest metropolitan areas. With a population of 3,792,621, Los Angeles", "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "San Diego", "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "the United States. To the south", "5705e99452bb891400689688": "the five", "5705e99452bb891400689689": ", and Riverside", "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "the top 15 most populous counties", "5705e99452bb89140068968b": "the five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties", "5705e99452bb89140068968c": ", and Riverside", "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Hollywood", "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Hollywood", "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "Walt Disney Company", "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": "the motion picture industry. Headquartered in southern California", "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": ", and music industry is centered on the Los Angeles in southern California. Hollywood", "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "the world's legendary surf spots are in southern California", "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony", "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Tony Hawk", "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "Oahu", "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "the world of yachting. The annual Transpacific Yacht Race, or Transpac, from Los Angeles to Hawaii", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": ", and the desert city of Palm Springs", "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": ", and the desert city of Palm Springs", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines at 35\u00b0 47\u2032 28", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines at 35\u00b0 47\u2032 28", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "Another", "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "Conception and the Tehachapi Mountains as the northern", "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico", "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "the lower part of Alta California", "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "the time when Mexico ruled California, and political disputes raged between the Californios of Mont", "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "Compromise of 1850", "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "1850", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "the 1850s", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "the California State Legislature", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "the 1850s", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "the California State Legislature", "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "the 1850s to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from Northern California. The last attempt, the Pico Act of 1859", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1900", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "1999", "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "1900", "5705f36452bb891400689718": "the state, the California State Automobile Association and the Automobile Club of Southern California", "5705f36452bb891400689719": "two", "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "Automobile Club of Southern California, choose to simplify matters by dividing the state along", "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "the state, the California State Automobile Association and the Automobile Club of Southern California, choose to simplify matters by dividing the state along", "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "the state, the California State Automobile Association and the Automobile Club of Southern California", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "the United States", "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California", "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California", "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "the United States, after the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California", "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "the form of San Diego", "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "Interstate 5, the main gap to continued urbanization", "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Interstate 215 are so inter-related that Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego", "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "United States Census Bureau", "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "L.A. and Orange Counties", "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "1980", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "the state, it occurs on the Southeast", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "Southern California", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "90-60's while as winters are 70-50's, usually all of Southern California", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "Southwest", "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": ", while winters are a bit warm or mild and wet. Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60", "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "the state and country. The region spans from Pacific Ocean", "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": "the vast deserts of California", "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": "the vast deserts of California", "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "the vast deserts of California", "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "the vast deserts of California", "5705fec152bb89140068977a": ".0. The magnitude 6.7 1994 Northridge", "5705fec152bb89140068977b": ", and only about 15\u201320 are greater than magnitude 4", "5705fec152bb89140068977c": ", and only about 15\u201320 are greater than magnitude 4.0. The magnitude 6.7 1994", "5705fec152bb89140068977d": ", and structural collapses. It caused the most property damage", "5705fec152bb89140068977e": ".0. The magnitude 6.7 1994", "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "San Andreas Fault, which can produce a magnitude 8", "5705ffde52bb891400689785": ", which can produce a magnitude 8", "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "San Jacinto Fault", "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "The USGS", "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "California Earthquake forecast which models Earthquake occurrence", "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "Southern California", "570602fa52bb89140068979f": ", and economically into distinctive regions, each containing its own culture and atmosphere, anchored usually by a city with both national and sometimes global recognition", "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": ", which are often the hub of economic activity", "570603c475f01819005e7882": "United States Census", "570603c475f01819005e7883": "the state due to a stronger, tech-oriented economy in the Bay Area and an emerging Greater Sacramento", "570603c475f01819005e7884": "the 2000s", "570603c475f01819005e7885": "the northern", "570603c475f01819005e7886": "the northern part of the state due to a stronger, tech-oriented economy in the Bay Area and an emerging Greater Sacramento", "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "eight", "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two", "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "two", "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form the Southern Border Region", "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "Greater Los Angeles Area at 17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013Tijuana", "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "two", "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "the eight largest cities in the United States). In southern California there are also twelve", "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "twelve", "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "34", "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "the eight largest cities in the United States). In southern California there are also twelve", "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "the largest", "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "Southern California is famous for tourism and Hollywood", "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "the United States. It is dominated and heavily dependent upon abundance of petroleum, as opposed to other regions where automobiles not nearly", "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "the United States", "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "the largest in the United States. It is dominated and heavily dependent upon abundance of petroleum, as opposed to other regions where automobiles not nearly", "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "the 1920s", "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": "the U.S., cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "the 1920s", "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "the U.S., cattle and citrus", "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "the U.S., cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs. Although military spending cutbacks", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "Central", "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Downtown", "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": "Central", "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "the Los Angeles Area are the major business districts of Downtown", "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "the major business districts of Downtown Burbank, Downtown", "57060cc352bb891400689810": "San Fernando Valley", "57060cc352bb891400689811": "the Los Angeles Area are the major business districts of Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles", "57060df252bb891400689820": "Downtown", "57060df252bb891400689821": "San Bernardino-Riverside", "57060df252bb891400689822": "Downtown", "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "the University of California, Irvine. West Irvine includes the Irvine Tech Center", "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "the University of California, Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "West Irvine", "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": "Downtown", "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": "the University of California, Irvine. West Irvine includes the Irvine Tech Center", "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": ", and University City. Most of these districts are located in Northern San Diego", "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Downtown San Diego", "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "Northern", "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": ", and University City", "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport, the second", "570610b275f01819005e792b": "the world; Van Nuys Airport, the world's busiest general aviation airport; major commercial airports at Orange County, Bakersfield, Ontario", "570610b275f01819005e792c": "second", "570610b275f01819005e792d": "San Diego", "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van", "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Metrolink", "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "seven", "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "Six", "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "San Bernardino", "570611c475f01819005e793c": "the United States' busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach", "570611c475f01819005e793d": "the United States' busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach", "570611c475f01819005e793e": "the United States' busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach", "5706139252bb891400689864": "the University of Southern California", "5706139252bb891400689865": "the University of Southern California", "5706139252bb891400689866": "California Institute of Technology", "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", "5706139252bb891400689868": "12", "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Los Angeles Rams", "5706143575f01819005e7951": "NBA (Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers); MLB (Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres); NHL", "5706143575f01819005e7952": ", Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres); NHL", "5706143575f01819005e7953": "NHL", "5706143575f01819005e7954": "MLS (LA Galaxy", "5706149552bb891400689880": "2014", "5706149552bb891400689881": "two", "5706149552bb891400689882": "2014", "5706149552bb891400689883": "two Major League Soccer teams in Los Angeles \u2014 the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA \u2014 that both played at the StubHub Center", "5706149552bb891400689884": "2018", "570614ff52bb89140068988a": ", and there is a longtime", "570614ff52bb89140068988b": ", and there is a longtime", "570614ff52bb89140068988c": ", and there is a longtime", "570614ff52bb89140068988d": ", and there is a longtime", "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "Conference", "5706155352bb891400689894": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689895": "Rugby", "5706155352bb891400689896": "Rugby is also a growing sport in southern California", "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "the UK's largest digital subscription television company", "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "the UK's largest", "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "2014", "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group plc", "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "United Kingdom operations also changed the company name from British Sky Broadcasting Limited", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "May 2006, the Irish broadcaster Setanta Sports was awarded two", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "two", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "six Premier League packages that the English FA offered to broadcasters. Sky picked up the remaining four", "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "February 2015, Sky bid \u00a34", "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "BSkyB channels were available on this platform: Sky News", "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "BSkyB channels were available on this platform: Sky News", "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "2005", "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "2005", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": "a Sky+ PVR", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "September", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "monthly fee", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "January 2010", "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "January 2010", "57094d489928a8140047150a": "Video", "57094d489928a8140047150b": "Cisco", "57094d489928a8140047150c": "the same user interface look-and-feel as all the others. This extends to the Personal video recorder (PVR", "57094d489928a8140047150d": "the same user interface look-and-feel as all the others. This extends to the Personal video recorder (PVR", "57094d489928a8140047150e": "the same user interface look-and-feel as all the others. This extends to the Personal video recorder (PVR", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "the carriage of Sky channels on cable TV. The failure to renew the existing carriage agreements negotiated with NTL and Telewest resulted in Virgin Media", "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "the network on 1 March 2007", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "the carriage of Sky channels on cable TV. The failure to renew the existing carriage agreements negotiated with NTL and Telewest resulted in Virgin Media", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "the basis that their new deal offered \"substantially more value\" by including HD channels and Video On Demand", "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "the basis that their new deal offered \"substantially more value\" by including HD channels and Video", "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "July", "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "31 July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "OneDrive", "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "the term \"SkyDrive\" infringed on Sky\u2019s right to the \"Sky\" trademark. On 31 July 2013", "570960cf200fba1400367f05": ", and will rename its SkyDrive", "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "four", "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "four", "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "2001", "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "four", "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "the UK's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview in April 2007. Its corporate headquarters are based in Isleworth", "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "the UK's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by Freeview in April 2007. Its corporate headquarters are based in Isleworth", "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "the UK's largest pay-TV broadcaster with 11", "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "April 2007", "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Hub", "57096505ed30961900e84083": "Mini", "57096505ed30961900e84084": "three", "57096505ed30961900e84085": "2016", "57096505ed30961900e84086": "2016", "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "2", "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "Movies", "570966e0200fba1400367f51": ", although these are only accessible with a Sky+ box. Sky+ HD material is broadcast using MPEG-4", "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV", "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "DVB-S2", "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "1998", "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "the company to launch a new all-digital service, Sky, with the potential", "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "28", "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "22", "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "22 May 2006. Prior to its launch, BSkyB claimed that 40", "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "22", "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "22", "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "2012", "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "February", "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "February 2007, BSkyB announced its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels with four", "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "February", "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "February", "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "four", "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": "empty", "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "the end of the dish and pointed at the correct satellite constellation; most digital receivers", "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "To view the encrypted content a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver", "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "the end of the dish and pointed at the correct satellite constellation; most digital receivers", "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver", "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "1991", "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "ITV", "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "1992", "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "The BBC", "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "1992", "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "the presence of channels on their EPG, with open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "the presence of channels on their EPG, with open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "the presence of channels on their EPG, with open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "the presence of channels on their EPG, with open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom", "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1998", "57097051ed30961900e84133": "1998", "57097051ed30961900e84134": "the name Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84135": "the name Sky Digital", "57097051ed30961900e84136": "the name Sky Digital", "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Media", "57097141200fba1400367ffb": ", the linear channels were not offered, Virgin Media instead concentrating on its Video On Demand", "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "November 2006 until 30 July 2009", "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "Channel", "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10", "57097b50200fba140036804e": "the UK represented an audience of more than 25", "57097b50200fba140036804f": "August", "57097b50200fba1400368050": "the UK represented an audience of more than 25m people. The target was first announced in August 2004", "57097b50200fba1400368051": "the UK represented an audience of more than 25m people. The target was first announced in August 2004", "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "the style of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program", "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "the style of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program", "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "December", "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Daily Mail newspaper reported in 2012", "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "2012", "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "the agreements, both BSkyB and Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "BSkyB. As part of the agreements, both BSkyB and Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "part of the agreements, both BSkyB and Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "BSkyB and Virgin Media", "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "the carriage of their respective basic channels.", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": ", although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita because of its limited mining activity. Culturally, Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "second", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "Melbourne", "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "Melbourne Cricket", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "the world to search for gold, especially from Ireland and China. Many Chinese miners worked in Victoria", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "New South Wales", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "1857", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "Buckland Valley in 1854", "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "the world to search for gold, especially from Ireland and China. Many Chinese miners worked in Victoria", "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "the same as the lower house members\u2014four years. Elections for the Victorian Parliament are now fixed and occur in November every four", "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "eight", "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "eight", "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "the same as the lower house members\u2014four", "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "November every four", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": ", and the environmentalist Australian Greens are Victoria", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": ", and the regional cities of Ballarat, Bendigo and Geelong. The Liberals", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": "Melbourne's working class western and northern", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "The Greens, who won their first lower house seats in 2014, are strongest in inner Melbourne", "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": "Labor", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "Christian", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "Roman", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "the state with 26.7% of the Victorian population, followed by Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church. Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "the state with 26.7% of the Victorian population, followed by Anglicans and members of the Uniting Church. Buddhism", "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": "20", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "the south-east of Australia. Victoria", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "the south-east of Australia. Victoria", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "the south-east of Australia. Victoria", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Melbourne", "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "Melbourne", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "Koori", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "88", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "the 1850s and 1860s significantly increased both the population and wealth of the colony, and by the Federation of Australia in 1901, Melbourne", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "03", "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "the area occurred in 1803 at Sullivan Bay, and much of what is now Victoria", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "the state's west. More than 50% of this area is sown for wheat", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "the state's west. More than 50", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": "A further 6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) is sown for hay", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "the state's west. More than 50% of this area is sown for wheat, 33% for barley and 7% for oats", "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "the state's west. More than 50% of this area is sown for wheat, 33% for barley and 7% for oats", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "provisions", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "provisions", "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "1855 colonial constitution, passed by the United Kingdom Parliament as the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "-deserts. Average temperatures exceed 32", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "32", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "-deserts. Average temperatures exceed 32", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "February", "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "February", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "Department of Education", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "Education . Students do not pay tuition fees", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "Roman Catholic Church", "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": ", are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education", "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "the same year (Ford's Victorian plants\u2014in Broadmeadows and Geelong\u2014will close in October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "the 21st century will mean that Australia will no longer be a base for the global car industry, with Toyota's statement in February", "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "May", "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "the same year (Ford's Victorian plants\u2014in Broadmeadows and Geelong\u2014will close in October 2016", "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "the same year (Ford's Victorian plants\u2014in Broadmeadows and Geelong\u2014will close in October 2016", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "the southeast to the snow-covered", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "the west and northwest. There is an extensive series of river systems in Victoria", "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "the southeast to the snow-covered Victorian alpine areas which rise to almost 2,000 m (6,600 ft), with Mount Bogong", "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "the west and northwest. There is an extensive series of river systems in Victoria", "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "the helmeted honeyeater (state bird", "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "the northeast are the coldest part of Victoria", "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "the centre of Victoria", "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "the centre of Victoria", "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "the centre of Victoria", "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "the northeast are the coldest part of Victoria", "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "the Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "Victoria is provided by several", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "Victorian Government", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "the Victorian Government, operates a concentrated service to major regional centres, as well as long distance services on other lines; Pacific National", "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "Metro Trains Melbourne", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "12", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "Legislative Assembly (the lower house) and the Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "Legislative Council", "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "the state is the Governor of Victoria", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "July 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "the election of the first Victorian Legislative Council, and the absolute independence of Victoria from New South Wales was established proclaiming a new Colony of Victoria", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "the world\" and the largest gold nugget. Victoria produced in the decade 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "the world\" and the largest gold nugget. Victoria produced in the decade 1851", "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "the world\" and the largest gold nugget. Victoria produced in the decade 1851", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "the final two years of secondary school were 77 per cent for public school students and 90 per cent for private school students. Victoria", "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "4", "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "the final two years of secondary school were 77 per cent for public school students and 90 per cent for private school students. Victoria", "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "the final two years of secondary school were 77 per cent for public school students and 90 per cent for private school students. Victoria", "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "the final two years of secondary school were 77 per cent for public school students and 90 per cent for private school students. Victoria", "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "the centre of dairy farming", "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "the centre of dairy farming", "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "60", "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "the centre of dairy farming in Australia. It is home to 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle and produces nearly two", "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Asia", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard", "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "Two", "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard gauge. Two", "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "the state have been converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1\u20442 in) standard gauge. Two", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "88", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "New South Wales", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "the founding of the colony of New South Wales in 1788, Australia was divided into an eastern half named New South Wales", "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "54", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "54", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "the government of Victoria", "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "Colony of Victoria Act 1855", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "the Legislative Assembly", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly. The Premier is the public face of government and, with cabinet", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly", "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly. The Premier is the public face of government and, with cabinet", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "the state's total land surface. Victorian farms range from small horticultural outfits to large-scale livestock and grain productions. A quarter", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "the state's total land surface. Victorian farms range from small horticultural outfits to large-scale livestock and grain productions. A quarter", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "32", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "32", "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "32", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "Major events also play a big part in tourism", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "Victoria", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "Melbourne", "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "Victoria", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "the southern and central parts of France", "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": "the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "62", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "the Edict of Nantes", "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "the southern and central parts of France", "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "the city-state of Geneva and the Swiss Confederation. The label Huguenot was purportedly first applied in France", "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva", "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "the Swiss politician Besan\u00e7on Hugues (died 1532", "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "the Reformed Church) involved in the Amboise plot of 1560", "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "the city-state of Geneva and the Swiss Confederation. The label Huguenot was purportedly first applied in France", "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France", "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "the time the Protestant Reformation finally arrived. Around 12", "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "the time the Protestant Reformation finally arrived. Around 12", "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "Jean de R\u00e9ly, was printed in Paris", "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "two", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "66", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "the royal army in 1622", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "the most important of the 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "22", "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "the most important of the 66 \"villes de s\u00fbret\u00e9\" that the Edict of 1598", "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "the Cape of Good Hope. The largest portion of the Huguenots to settle in the Cape arrived between 1688", "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "the Cape of Good Hope. The largest portion of the Huguenots to settle in the Cape arrived between 1688", "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "April 1652", "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "the Cape of Good Hope. The largest portion of the Huguenots to settle in the Cape arrived between 1688", "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "the Cape of Good Hope. The largest portion of the Huguenots to settle in the Cape arrived between 1688", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "1624", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "1628", "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "1628", "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "the end of Newtown Creek, becoming the first Europeans to live in Brooklyn, then known as Boschwick, in the neighborhood", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 16", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 16", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "Rev. Elie Prioleau from the town of Pons in France", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "1697", "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 16", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "the strongest opponent", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "King of England", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "League", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672", "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672", "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "85", "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "85", "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "the 16", "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "the 16", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": ", as some of the Huguenots were nobles trying to establish separate centers of power in southern France", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": "the St. Bartholomew", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "the St. Bartholomew", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": ", as some of the Huguenots were nobles trying to establish separate centers of power in southern France", "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "the St", "57108073b654c5140001f927": "the death of Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism", "57108073b654c5140001f926": "the death of Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism", "57108073b654c5140001f928": "the death of Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism", "57108073b654c5140001f929": "IV", "57108073b654c5140001f925": "three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions", "57108198b654c5140001f937": "the south, who still regard themselves", "57108198b654c5140001f938": "2", "57108198b654c5140001f939": "the south, who still regard themselves", "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "the south", "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "the south, who still regard themselves", "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "the city of New York, another", "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "the city of New York, another", "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "The \"Huguenot Street Historic", "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "Huguenot Street Historic", "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighborhood", "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "the Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "the region of the C\u00e9vennes", "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "the area of West Frisia were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants, followed by the Dutch Republic", "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "In 1705", "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "the Edict of Nantes", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "the name, as cited by The Cape Monthly", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "the ghost of le roi Huguet (regarded by Roman Catholics", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "Huguon", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "the pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s (\"these supposedly 'reformed'\") habitually", "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "the pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form\u00e9s (\"these supposedly 'reformed'\") habitually", "571090abb654c5140001f995": "the 19th century, reviving an earlier use.)", "571090abb654c5140001f996": "The Weavers", "571090abb654c5140001f997": "the 19th century, reviving an earlier use.) Others refugees practised the variety", "571090abb654c5140001f998": "the 19th century, reviving an earlier use.)", "571090abb654c5140001f999": "The Weavers", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "French", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "the 17th and 18", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "Dublin", "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "the time of the French", "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "France", "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "the time of the French", "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "the time of the French", "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "60", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "98", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "1598", "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "1598", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "France", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "France", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "Catholics and were called \"new converts", "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "the country of hundreds of thousands of Protestants, many of whom became intellectuals, doctors and business leaders in Britain as well as Holland, Prussia", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "the Netherlands", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "1555", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "Fort", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "60", "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "the Guanabara Confession of Faith", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "the Western Cape province in South Africa still bear French names. Many families, today mostly Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "The wine industry", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "the Western Cape province in South Africa still bear French", "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "the Western Cape province in South Africa still bear French names. Many families, today mostly Afrikaans-speaking, have surnames indicating their French", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "the American Revolution", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "the American Revolution and later statesmen. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "the American Revolution and later statesmen. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America worships in Charleston, South Carolina", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "the American Revolution and later statesmen. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America", "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "chapters", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "the main centres of the British lace industry", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "the time. Although 19th century sources have asserted that some of these refugees were lacemakers", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "the time. Although 19th century sources have asserted that some of these refugees were lacemakers", "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "the time. Although 19th century sources have asserted that some of these refugees were lacemakers", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "two", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "fifth", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "the city's population was French speaking. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "the city's population was French speaking. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly", "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Several", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "or", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "the region, burning churches and killing clergy. It took French troops years to hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards, between 1702", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "the region, burning churches and killing clergy. It took French troops years to hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards, between 1702", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "the early 18th century, a regional group known as the Camisards who were Huguenots rioted against the Catholic Church", "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "02", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline on the banks of the St. Johns River in what is today Jacksonville", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Caroline", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "St. Augustine", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Men\u00e9ndez de Avil\u00e9s, who established the settlement of St. Augustine", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "Jean", "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "1562", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "the 18th and 19th centuries, descendants of the French", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "the colony of Virginia", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Manakintown", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "the 18th and 19th centuries, descendants of the French", "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "the first years of the Dutch Revolt (1568", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "the first years of the Dutch Revolt (1568", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "William", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "William", "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "William", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "the doctrine of transubstantiation", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "08", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "the doctrine of transubstantiation", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie (born Andr\u00e9 Lortie", "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "Andrew Lortie (born Andr\u00e9 Lortie", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "William of Orange in the Williamite war in Ireland", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "the late 17th and early 18th centuries, encouraged by an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "the expansion of flax", "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "the growth of the Irish linen industry", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "16", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbr\u00fccken to establish a Huguenot community", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "a Huguenot community", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "1890s", "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "16", "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "the Holy", "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "the Holy Roman Empire, the Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland. They also spread beyond Europe to the Dutch Cape Colony", "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "the Holy Roman Empire, the Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland. They also spread beyond Europe", "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "the Holy Roman Empire, the Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland. They also spread beyond Europe to the Dutch Cape Colony", "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "the Holy Roman Empire, the Duchy of Prussia, the Channel Islands, and Ireland. They also spread beyond Europe to the Dutch Cape Colony", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "The \"Hugues hypothesis\" argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "The \"Hugues hypothesis\" argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "the Reformation. He was regarded by the Gallicans", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "The \"Hugues hypothesis", "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "the Reformation. He was regarded by the Gallicans", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "William", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "Lefevre, a professor at the University of Paris", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "William", "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "the University of Paris", "57111428b654c5140001faff": "72", "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "72", "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "72", "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "72", "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "72", "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "16", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "16", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "16", "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "effort", "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "the help of Jacob Leisler. It was named New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France", "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "the help of Jacob Leisler. It was named New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France", "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "the help of Jacob Leisler. It was named New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France", "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France", "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "the help of Jacob Leisler. It was named New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "the nineteenth century", "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Pierre", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Pierre", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "Pierre Bayle. He started teaching in Rotterdam, where he finished writing and publishing his multi-volume masterpiece, Historical and Critical Dictionary", "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Nicolas", "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "London", "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "1550", "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "1550. It is now located at Soho Square", "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Shoreditch", "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "24", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "the court of George William, Duke of Brunswick-L\u00fcneburg in Celle", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "ict", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "Elector", "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Angerm\u00fcnde) by Frederick William", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William, Elector", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Theodor Fontane", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Several", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Lothar de Maizi\u00e8re", "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Minister of the Interior", "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "Non", "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam within a boiler", "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "the cycle, water is heated", "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam within a boiler", "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam within a boiler", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "Thomas Newcomen around 1712", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "the United Kingdom and, on 21 February", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "February", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "February", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "the United Kingdom and, on 21 February", "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "the United Kingdom and, on 21 February", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "the 1850s but are no longer widely used, except in applications such as steam locomotives", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "the 1850s but are no longer widely used, except in applications such as steam locomotives", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "the 1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "the 1850s", "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "Another means of supplying lower-pressure boiler feed water is an injector", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "four", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "19", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "two", "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "four", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "the 1840s", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": "Walschaerts motions", "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "the expense of increased friction and wear, and the mechanism tended to be complicated. The usual compromise", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "the temperature", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "the crown of the boiler's firebox", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "the crown of the boiler's firebox", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "The plugs are also too small in area to lower steam pressure significantly, depressurizing", "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "the smallest of boilers", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "James Watt patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1883", "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "Revolution", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "the following centuries, the few steam-powered \"engines\" known were, like the aeolipile", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "the first century AD; the first recorded rudimentary steam engine being the aeolipile", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "the first century AD; the first recorded rudimentary steam engine being the aeolipile described by Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "the properties of steam. A rudimentary steam turbine device was described by Taqi al-Din in 1551 and by Giovanni Branca in 1629", "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "16", "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "the design of electric motors and internal combustion", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "expansions", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "double and triple expansion engines being common, especially in shipping", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "the design of electric motors and internal combustion", "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "double and triple expansion engines being common, especially in shipping", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "the use of steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "the United States 90% of the electric power is produced in this way using a variety of heat sources. Steam turbines", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "the 19th century. Steam turbines are generally more efficient than reciprocating piston type steam engines (for outputs above several", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "the United States 90% of the electric power is produced in this way using a variety", "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "the 20th century, where their efficiency, higher speed appropriate to generator service, and smooth rotation were advantages. Today most electric power is provided", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "the case of model or toy steam engines, the heat source can be an electric heating", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "combustion chamber", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": "the case of model or toy steam engines, the heat source can be an electric heating", "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "the case of model or toy steam engines, the heat source", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "the performance of steam engines is the steam engine indicator", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851, but the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "Charles", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "Charles", "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "the most successful indicator was developed for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter by Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "two", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "the same phase driving a common crosshead and crank, again set at 90\u00b0 as for a two", "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "two", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "direction of flow at each stroke (counterflow", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "two", "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "two", "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four", "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "four", "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "The Quasiturbine", "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "the usual counter", "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "the end of each stroke making the steam flow only in one direction. By this means, the simple-expansion", "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "oscill", "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "mounting", "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "oscill", "57114b1a2419e31400955578": ", but have also been used in full size working engines, mainly on ships", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": ", and its thermodynamic properties. Mercury is the working fluid", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": ", and its thermodynamic properties. Mercury is the working fluid", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Mercury", "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": ", and its thermodynamic properties. Mercury is the working fluid", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "the working fluid", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "typically", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "limit of stainless steel", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "a theoretical Carnot efficiency", "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "30 \u00b0C", "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "the land available for cultivation. There have at one time or another", "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": "the land available for cultivation. There have at one time or another", "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "the land available for cultivation. There have at one time or another", "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "the land available for cultivation. There have at one time or another", "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "the land available for cultivation. There have at one time or another been steam-powered farm tractors", "571153422419e3140095557d": "the Catch Me Who Can in 1808", "571153422419e3140095557e": "twin", "571153422419e3140095557f": "twin", "571153422419e31400955580": "twin", "571153422419e31400955581": "In 1825 George Stephenson", "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf, who patented his Woolf high-pressure compound engine in 1805", "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "the magnitude of this heating and cooling was invented in 1804", "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "the magnitude of cylinder heating and cooling, increasing the efficiency", "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "the bore, and often the stroke, are increased in low-pressure cylinders resulting in larger", "571154c72419e31400955587": "the 1990s about 90% of the world's electric production", "571154c72419e31400955588": "the late 20th century, being more efficient (and requiring far less maintenance) than reciprocating steam engines. In recent decades", "571154c72419e31400955589": "the late 20th century, being more efficient (and requiring far less maintenance) than reciprocating steam engines. In recent decades", "571154c72419e3140095558a": "the late 20th century, being more efficient (and requiring far less maintenance) than reciprocating steam engines. In recent decades", "571154c72419e3140095558b": "the late 20th century, being more efficient (and requiring far less maintenance) than reciprocating steam engines. In recent decades", "571155ae2419e31400955591": "the world, including virtually all solar, biomass, coal and nuclear power plants. It is named after William John Macquorn", "571155ae2419e31400955592": "the world, including virtually all solar, biomass, coal and nuclear power plants. It is named after William John Macqu", "571155ae2419e31400955593": "1990", "571155ae2419e31400955594": "the world, including virtually all solar, biomass, coal and nuclear", "571155ae2419e31400955595": "William", "571156152419e3140095559b": "\"duty", "571156152419e3140095559f": ", but most were closer to 5 million", "571156152419e3140095559e": "concept", "571156152419e3140095559d": "one bushel", "571156152419e3140095559c": "concept", "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "the early 20th century, when advances in the design of electric motors and internal combustion engines gradually resulted", "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "the early 20th century, when advances in the design of electric motors and internal combustion engines gradually resulted", "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "Rec", "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "the design of electric motors and internal combustion engines gradually resulted", "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "Thomas", "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "Thomas Savery", "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "1698", "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Thomas", "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton in the Philosophical Transactions published in 1751", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Trevithick", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Oliver Evans in 1801 introduced engines using high-pressure steam; Trevithick obtained his high-pressure engine patent in 1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "02", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "1802", "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "the adoption of the steam engine as a power source", "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "the potential of the engine as an alternative to internal combustion engines. The company Energiprojekt AB in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "the potential of the engine as an alternative to internal combustion engines. The company Energiprojekt AB in Sweden", "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "4", "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "the power of steam. The efficiency", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "The resulting", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "A dry type cooling tower is similar to an", "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "A dry type cooling tower is similar to an automobile radiator and is used in locations", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "A dry type cooling tower is similar to an automobile radiator and is used in locations where water is costly. Ev", "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "about 3600 cubic metres of make-up water every hour", "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "88", "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "James Watt for use on a steam engine in 1788", "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "88", "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "spinning", "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "the 19th", "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", "57115e532419e314009555b0": "the harsh railway operating environment and limited space afforded by the loading gauge (particularly in Britain", "57115e532419e314009555b1": "complicated", "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", "57115e532419e314009555b3": "1880", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "the same valve usually controls both steam flows, a short cutoff at admission adversely affects the exhaust and compression", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "the same valve usually controls both steam flows, a short cutoff at admission adversely affects the exhaust and compression", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "the same valve usually controls both steam flows, a short cutoff at admission adversely affects the exhaust and compression", "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "the same valve usually controls both steam flows, a short cutoff at admission adversely affects the exhaust and compression", "57115f652419e314009555b9": "16", "57115f652419e314009555ba": "1606", "57115f652419e314009555bb": "06", "57115f652419e314009555bc": "Thomas", "57115f652419e314009555bd": "Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine was the first commercial true steam engine using a piston, and was used in 1712", "57115ff82419e314009555c3": "the vast majority of large electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing. Typical", "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "ors", "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "the vast majority of large electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing. Typical", "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "ors", "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "the vast majority of large electric generating stations, turbines are directly connected to generators with no reduction gearing. Typical", "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "-weight ratio of a steam plant lower than for internal combustion", "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "-weight ratio of a steam plant lower than for internal combustion engines. For mobile applications steam has been largely superseded by internal combustion engines or electric motors", "5711607f2419e314009555cf": ", most electric power is generated", "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "movement", "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "concerns", "571161092419e314009555d7": "the face of wear and thermal expansion; the resulting leakage made them very inefficient. Lack of expansive working", "571161092419e314009555d8": "the face of wear and thermal expansion; the resulting leakage made them very inefficient. Lack of expansive working", "571161092419e314009555d9": "the face of wear and thermal expansion; the resulting leakage made them very inefficient. Lack of expansive working", "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "James Watt developed (1763\u20131775", "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "James", "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half", "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "Newcomen's and Watt's early engines were \"atmospheric", "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "the pressure of expanding steam. The engine cylinders had to be large because the only usable force acting on them was due to atmospheric pressure", "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "two", "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "the top of a boiler. One end of the lever", "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "The more recent type", "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "The more recent type of safety valve", "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "the top of a boiler. One end of the lever carried a weight or spring that restrained the valve against steam pressure. Early", "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555de": "49", "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "1849", "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "Corliss steam engine, patented in 1849", "571163172419e314009555e7": "the development of thermodynamic theory; however, the only applications of scientific theory", "571163172419e314009555e8": "the development of the separate condenser", "571163172419e314009555e9": "the development of the separate condenser", "571163172419e314009555ea": "the development of the separate condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat, which was confirmed", "571163172419e314009555eb": "the development of the separate condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat, which was confirmed by the original discoverer Joseph Black", "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "the principal advantages", "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "the principal advantages the Rankine cycle holds over others is that during the compression stage relatively little work is required to drive the pump, the working fluid", "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "the principal advantages the Rankine cycle", "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "the principal advantages the Rankine cycle holds over others is that during the compression", "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "or", "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "the boiler during operation, condensers", "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "the temperature of the steam above its saturated vapour point", "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "the temperature of the steam above its saturated vapour point, and various mechanisms to increase the draft for fireboxes. When coal", "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "the temperature of the steam above its saturated vapour point, and various mechanisms to increase the draft for fireboxes. When coal", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "the first major warship to replace the proven technology of the reciprocating engine with the then-novel", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "the first major warship to replace the proven technology of the reciprocating engine with the then-novel", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "the first major warship to replace the proven technology of the reciprocating engine with the then-novel", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": "the first major warship to replace the proven technology of the reciprocating engine with the then-novel", "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", "571166352419e314009555f1": "the way that modern diesel and electric traction has done.[citation needed", "571166352419e314009555f2": "the way that modern diesel and electric traction has done.[citation", "571166352419e314009555f3": "the way that modern diesel and electric traction has done.[citation needed", "571166352419e314009555f4": "the way that modern diesel and electric traction has done.[citation", "571166352419e314009555f5": "the way that modern diesel and electric traction has done.[citation", "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "the cycle requires a small fraction of the energy to transport it compared to the energy needed to compress the working fluid in gaseous", "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "the cycle requires a small fraction of the energy to transport it compared to the energy needed to compress the working fluid in gaseous", "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "The main difference is that heat addition (in the boiler) and rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric", "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "The main difference is that heat addition (in the boiler) and rejection (in the condenser) are isobaric (const", "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "the cycle requires a small fraction of the energy to transport it compared to the energy needed to compress the working fluid", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "8", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two", "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "the Earth's crust as part of oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide", "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "the universe, after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bind to form dio", "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "the universe, after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure, two", "571bb2269499d21900609caa": "the Earth's crust as part of oxide compounds such as silicon dioxide", "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "8", "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "the Earth's atmosphere. However, monitoring of atmospheric oxygen levels show a global downward", "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "the universe, after hydrogen", "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetal and oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides", "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "8", "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "two", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "Oxygen is used in cellular respiration and released by photos", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "Oxygen is used in cellular respiration and released by photosynthesis, which uses the energy of sunlight", "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "the biosphere", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": ", and fats, contain oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": ", and fats, contain oxygen", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": ", and fats, contain oxygen, as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "the energy of sunlight", "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": ", as do the major inorganic compounds that are constituents of animal shells", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "the late 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "the late 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u201316", "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "John Mayow (1641\u20131679", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "the late 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "John Mayow (1641\u201316", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "the late 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u201316", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "the late 17th century, Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow (1641\u201316", "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "the meantime, on August 1, 1774", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "August 1, 1774", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "the meantime, on August 1, 1774", "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "August 1, 1774", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "the meantime, on August 1, 1774", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "August 1, 1774", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "75", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "the meantime, on August 1, 1774", "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "the meantime, on August 1, 1774", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "Leonardo da Vinci", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo of Byzantium. In his work Pneumatica, Philo", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "the relationship between combustion and air was conducted by the 2", "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "the relationship between combustion and air was conducted by the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "the relationship between combustion and air was conducted by the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "the relationship between combustion and air was conducted by the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air was conducted by the 2nd century BCE Greek writer on mechanics, Philo", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Leonardo da Vinci", "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "portion", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": ", is needed to trigger combustion", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "Oxygen is the oxidant, not the fuel, but nevertheless the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "Combustion hazards also apply to compounds of oxygen with a high oxidative potential", "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Oxygen", "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "ignition event, such as heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "Oxy", "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": ", but nevertheless the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion. Combustion hazards also apply to compounds of oxygen with a high oxidative potential", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "Oxygen is the oxidant, not the fuel, but nevertheless the source of most of the chemical energy", "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "Combustion hazards also apply to compounds of oxygen with a high oxidative potential", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "the design and manufacture of O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "the design and manufacture of O\n2", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "1", "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "the design and manufacture of O\n2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "the design and manufacture of O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "the design and manufacture of O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "the design and manufacture of O\n2", "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "the design and manufacture of O\n2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized. The fire that killed the Apollo 1", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": ", in particular various complex silicates", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "dioxide", "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "The Earth's mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "of carbon dioxide", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": ", in particular various complex silicates", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "The Earth's mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": ", in particular various complex silicates (in silicate minerals). The Earth's mantle", "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": ", in particular various complex silicates", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "John Dalton's original atomic hypothesis", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "1805, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac", "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "Av", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "ible materials that leave little residue, such as wood or coal, were thought to be made mostly", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "the idea; instead, it was based on observations of what happens when something burns, that", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "materials", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": "the first clues that the phlogiston theory was incorrect was that metals", "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "the first clues that the phlogiston", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "The bond can be variously described based on level of theory, but is reasonably and simply described as a covalent double", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "two", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "the remaining two", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "the remaining two", "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "two", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "74", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "74", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "Antoine Lavoisier", "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "the then-popular phlogiston theory", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "two", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "state of the O\n2 molecule is referred to as triplet oxygen", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": ", and so their filling weakens the bond order from three to two", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "spontaneous", "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "two", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "part of the trapped air had been consumed", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "ier", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "ier", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "77", "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "two", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "4", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "4", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "4", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "4", "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "4", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). O2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). O2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "the biosphere and responsible for the exothermic reaction of O2 with any organic molecule. Due to its energy content, O2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). O2", "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "the Earth's atmosphere (see Occurrence). O2", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "the first time by burning a mixture of acetylene and compressed O\n2", "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "1901", "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": ", compared to an atmospheric ratio of approximately 1:4. The solubility of oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": ", whereas seawater contains about 4.95 mL per liter. At 5 \u00b0C the solubility", "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": ", compared to an atmospheric ratio of approximately 1:4. The solubility of oxygen", "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "twice", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": "the world's oceans (88.8% by mass). Oxy", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "the universe", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "0", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "the world's oceans", "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "the Earth's atmosphere, taking up 20.8% of its volume and 23.1% of its mass (some 1015 tonnes).[d", "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "19", "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "the late 19th century scientists realized", "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "December 22, 1877 to the French Academy of Sciences in Paris", "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "the first time on March 29, 1883", "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "March 29", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "the same as those of the primordial solar nebula", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "the Sun", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "the same as those of the primordial solar nebula. Analysis", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "the same as those of the primordial solar nebula. Analysis of a silicon wafer", "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": "the Sun", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "the immune system as a source of active oxygen", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "It is much more reactive towards common organic molecules", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "the immune system as a source of active oxygen", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "the energy of sunlight. It is also produced in the troposphere", "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "Carotenoids", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "the shells and skeletons of marine organisms", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18", "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "a slightly faster rate than water molecules containing the 12% heavier oxygen-18", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "two", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence", "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "the fact that in those bands it is possible to discriminate the vegetation's reflectance from its fluorescence", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "the presence of a magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons in the molecule, and the negative exchange energy between neighboring", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "oxygen", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "the presence of a magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "the presence of a magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons in the molecule, and the negative exchange energy between neighboring", "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "the presence of a magnetic field, because of the spin magnetic moments of the unpaired electrons in the molecule, and the negative exchange energy between neighboring", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "the atmosphere about", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "the atmosphere about", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "Reactive oxygen species", "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "the atmosphere about", "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "the atmosphere about 2", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": ".31 \u00b0F), and freezes at 54.36 K (\u2212218.79 \u00b0C", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "color", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "the blue color of the sky, which is due to Rayleigh scattering of blue light). High-purity liquid O\n2", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "liquid nitrogen", "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": ", which is due to Rayleigh scattering of blue light). High-purity liquid O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": "the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "the world's water bodies. The increased solubility", "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O\n2", "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "the world's water bodies. The increased solubility of O\n2", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "the first billion years, any free oxygen", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "the oceans to form banded iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "the first billion years, any free oxygen produced by these organisms combined with dissolved iron in the oceans to form banded iron formations", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "1.7 billion years ago", "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "the oceans to form banded iron formations. When such oxygen sinks became saturated, free oxygen began to outgas from the oceans 3\u20132", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "the result", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "the same rate of roughly 1/2000th of the entire atmospheric oxygen", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "the present equilibrium, production and consumption", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "the same rate of roughly", "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "the same rate of roughly 1/2000th of the entire atmospheric oxygen", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "the reverse direction of flow. After a set cycle time the operation of the two", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "the reverse direction of flow. After a set cycle time the operation of the two", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "the reverse direction of flow. After a set cycle time the operation of the two", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "Oxygen gas is increasingly obtained by these non-cryogenic", "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "the reverse direction of flow. After a set cycle time the operation of the two", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "2", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "2", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "2", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "A similar method is the electrocatalytic O\n2", "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "2", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "the late 1990s that offer higher than normal O\n2", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "the late 1990s that offer higher than normal O\n2", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "the late 1990s that offer higher than normal O\n2 exposure for a fee. Professional athletes, especially in American football", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "the late 1990s that offer higher than normal O\n2", "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "the late 1990s that offer higher than normal O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "Carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and decompression sickness (the 'bends') are sometimes treated using these devices. Increased O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "Carbon monoxide poisoning, gas gangrene, and decompression sickness (the 'bends') are sometimes treated using these devices. Increased O\n2", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "Oxy", "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "Decompression sickness occurs in divers who decompress too quickly", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "the body's ability to take up and use gaseous oxygen", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "decreasing", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "the body's ability to take up and use gaseous oxygen", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "the body's ability to take up and use gaseous oxygen", "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "the body's ability to take up and use gaseous oxygen", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "the presence of air and become coated with a thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion. Many oxides", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "the presence of air and become coated with a thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion. Many oxides", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "the presence of air and become coated with a thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion. Many oxides", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "the presence of air and become coated with a thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion. Many oxides", "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "the presence of air and become coated", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "the flow of oxygen\" as cabin safety instructions dictate, forces iron filings into the sodium chlor", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "commercial airplanes", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "the flow of oxygen\" as cabin safety instructions dictate, forces iron filings into the sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen", "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "the flow of oxygen\" as cabin safety instructions dictate, forces iron filings into the sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "Oxygen storage", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": ", since one liter of liquefied", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "liquid", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": ", which convert the cryogenic liquid into gas before it enters the building. Oxygen is also stored", "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "containers", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "the synthesis of many different substances. Other important organic compounds that contain oxygen", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "the most important classes of organic compounds that contain oxygen", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "the synthesis of many different substances. Other important organic compounds that contain oxygen", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "the most important classes of organic compounds that contain oxygen", "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "the most important classes of organic compounds that contain oxygen", "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "the presence of carbonyl groups in these acids and their ester residues). Oxygen also occurs in phosphate (PO3\u2212\n4", "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "the presence of carbonyl groups in these acids and their ester residues). Oxygen also occurs in phosphate (PO3\u2212\n4", "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "the presence of carbonyl groups in these acids and their ester residues). Oxygen also occurs in phosphate (PO3\u2212\n4", "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "the presence of carbonyl groups in these acids and their ester residues). Oxygen also occurs in phosphate (PO3\u2212\n4", "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "the presence of carbonyl groups in these acids and their ester residues). Oxygen also occurs in phosphate (PO3\u2212\n4", "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "the same thing can occur by breathing 100% O\n2", "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "the same thing can occur by breathing 100% O\n2", "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "160", "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "the same thing can occur by breathing 100% O\n2", "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "the same thing can occur by breathing 100% O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "the case of spacesuits, the O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "the case of spacesuits, the O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "the case of spacesuits, the O\n2 partial pressure in the breathing gas is, in general, about 30 kPa (1.4", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "the case of spacesuits, the O\n2", "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "the case of spacesuits, the O\n2", "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "Oxy", "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "Oxygen toxicity", "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "2", "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "Oxy", "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": ", since gas supplied through oxygen masks in medical applications is typically", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "the end of the embargo in March 1974", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "the end of the embargo in March 1974", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "the global economy. It was later called the \"first oil shock\", followed by the 1979", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "the global economy. It was later called the \"first oil shock\", followed by the 1979 oil crisis, termed the \"second", "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "Organization", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": ", 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. By January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18, 1974", "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "August", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "the price of gold and all other currencies were pegged to the dollar, whose value was left to \"float", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": ", 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "September 1971", "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "September 1971", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "two", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": ", so their real incomes lagged. The substantial price increases of 1973\u20131974", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": ", so their real incomes lagged. The substantial price increases of 1973\u20131974", "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": ", so their real incomes lagged. The substantial price increases of 1973\u20131974", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "October 6, 1973", "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "the time, Iran was the world's second", "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "the time, Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter and a close US ally. Weeks later, the Shah of Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "the time, Iran", "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "the time, Iran was the world's second-largest oil exporter and a close US ally. Weeks later, the Shah of Iran", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "response", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "response", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "the United States. Saudi Arabia and the other Arab oil-producing states joined the embargo on October 20, 1973", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "2", "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "the United States. Saudi Arabia and the other Arab oil-producing states joined the embargo on October 20, 1973", "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "the Middle East. Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam", "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "the world, via religious charities such al-Haramain Foundation", "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "the Middle East", "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "the form of aid to other underdeveloped nations", "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "the Middle East. Saudi Arabia spent over 100 billion dollars in the ensuing decades for helping spread its fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, known as Wahhabism", "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "the United States, scholars argue that there already existed a negotiated settlement based on equality between both parties prior to 1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "the United States, scholars argue that there already existed a negotiated settlement based on equality between both parties prior to 1973. The possibility", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "the United States, scholars argue that there already existed a negotiated settlement based on equality between both parties prior to 1973", "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "the US than oil. Further, interest groups and government agencies more worried about energy were no match for Kissinger's dominance", "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "the US economy by causing immediate demands to address the threats to U.S. energy security", "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "the US economy by causing immediate demands to address the threats to U.S. energy security. On an international level, the price increases changed competitive positions", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "the Arctic", "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "the US economy by causing immediate demands to address the threats to U.S. energy security", "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "Community", "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "France", "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "The UK had traditionally been an ally of Israel", "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "1970", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "the winter of 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "the winter of 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "the winter of 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "the winter of 1973\u201374", "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "the winter. The UK, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Norway banned flying, driving and boating on Sundays. Sweden", "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "1972", "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "the US. The system limited the price of \"old oil\" (that which had already been discovered) while", "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "1972", "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "1972", "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William", "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "the last week of February 1974", "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office", "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "the last week of February 1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "1974", "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "November 28, 1995, Bill Clinton", "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "November 28, 1995", "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "1977", "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "The energy crisis", "572650325951b619008f6faa": "realities", "572650325951b619008f6fab": "presidents", "57265200708984140094c237": "U.S. Secretary of Defense", "57265200708984140094c238": "British Prime Minister Edward Heath", "57265200708984140094c239": "the United States Lord Crom", "57265200708984140094c23a": "total", "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "the Middle East, Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "the Middle East in 1970. On November 7, 1973, the Saudi and Kuwaiti governments declared Japan", "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "November", "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November", "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December", "57265526708984140094c2bd": "the United States", "57265526708984140094c2be": "American", "57265526708984140094c2bf": "1979", "57265526708984140094c2c0": "1979", "57265526708984140094c2c1": "November 1979", "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": ", and later the Honda Accord all had four cylinder engines that were more fuel efficient than the typical", "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": "four", "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "four", "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "Japanese", "572659535951b619008f703f": "the price of the vehicle. A decade after the 1973 oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan", "572659535951b619008f7040": "the price of the vehicle. A decade after the 1973 oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan", "572659535951b619008f7041": "the price of the vehicle. A decade after the 1973 oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan", "572659535951b619008f7042": "the price of the vehicle. A decade after the 1973 oil crisis, Honda, Toyota and Nissan", "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "the Toyota Hilux", "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "Mitsubishi", "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": "Mazda, Mitsubishi and Isuzu had joint partnerships", "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "Later", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "the late 1970s", "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1985", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "the mid-1970s", "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "the mid-1970s", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1979", "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981 model year, moving instead to a full front-wheel drive lineup for 1982", "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": "vehicle categories", "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1980", "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "the 1980", "57265e11708984140094c3be": "1979", "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "Mercury", "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972", "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "the 1960s, which he proposed in a May 25, 1961, address to Congress. Project Mercury was followed by the two", "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1972", "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn vehicles were also used for an Apollo Applications Program", "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "Soviet Union in 1975", "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "a space station that supported three manned missions in 1973\u201374", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": "a pre", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "Five", "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "Five", "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "the final Apollo 17 mission marked the sixth Moon landing and the ninth", "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "8", "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "the understanding of the Moon", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "one", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "-up to Project Mercury. While the Mercury capsule could only support one astronaut on a limited Earth orbital mission, Apollo", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": ", because he felt \"Apollo", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": "The Apollo program", "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": "early 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": "July 1960", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": ", and the Glenn L. Martin Company. Meanwhile, NASA performed its own in-house spacecraft design studies", "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "three", "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "-entry cabin), and a propulsion and equipment module. On August 30, a feasibility", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "November 1960", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "John F. Kennedy was elected president after a campaign that promised American superiority over the Soviet Union", "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "the status of the Apollo program once he became president. He knew little about the technical details of the space program", "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "James", "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "the status of the Apollo program", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "April", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "April", "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "April", "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "April 12, 1961", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "April 20, Kennedy sent a memo", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "April 20, Kennedy sent a memo", "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "April 20, Kennedy sent a memo to Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "Houston", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Houston", "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "the manned lunar mission, so land acquisition was started in July 1961 for a Launch Operations Center", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "November 1962", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "Director. Construction began in November 1962", "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "November 29, 1963, to rename the LOC and Cape Canaveral", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "two", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "The Apollo spacecraft could be tested in two", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "two", "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "Vertical Assembly Building", "5725c123271a42140099d131": "the condition that he have a say in NASA reorganization", "5725c123271a42140099d132": "July", "5725c123271a42140099d133": "M", "5725c123271a42140099d134": "the Manned Spacecraft Center (Gilruth) Marshall Space Flight Center (von Braun) and the Launch Operations Center", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "the United States Air Force, so he got Webb's permission to recruit General Samuel C. Phillips", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "the condition that Phillips be made Apollo Program Director. Mueller agreed, and Phillips managed Apollo from January 1964", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "Director. Mueller agreed, and Phillips managed Apollo from January 1964", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "Director. Mueller agreed, and Phillips managed Apollo from January 1964, until it achieved the first manned landing in July 1969", "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "Director", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "the recognition of LOR", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "early", "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "the issue to Associate Administrator Robert", "5725c604271a42140099d185": "committee", "5725c604271a42140099d186": "July", "5725c604271a42140099d187": "the Office of Manned Space Flight, Joseph Shea, who became a champion of LOR. The engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Office", "5725c604271a42140099d189": "Office of Manned Space Flight, Joseph Shea, who became a champion of LOR. The engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "the press on July 11, 1962", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": "the press on July 11, 1962", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": "the press on July 11, 1962", "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "the press on July 11, 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "November 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": "the President to Marshall Space Flight Center. Wiesner blurted", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "the selection of Grumman as the LEM contractor in November 1962", "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "November 1962", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "the advantage of allowing", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "the command ship without electrical power. The Lunar Module", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "The Lunar Module", "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "ime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "Command/Service Module", "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "two", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "Command Module", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": "the only component of the Apollo spacecraft", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": "the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "Parachutes", "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "12", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "A cylindrical Service Module", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": "A high-gain S-band antenna was used for long-distance communications", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "The Service Module", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "51", "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "an orbital scientific instrument package", "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", "5725cda338643c19005acd40": ", there was no provision for docking with the Lunar Module", "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "V", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "two", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module", "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module", "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center", "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "June 11, 1962", "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "four", "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "five", "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "five", "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "the safety", "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "second", "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "the third stage of the Saturn V", "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "the third stage of the Saturn V", "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "the third stage of the Saturn V. The Saturn IB could send over 40", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "The three-stage Saturn V", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "the Moon", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "three", "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "the Moon", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12", "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, included at least two", "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Dr. Harrison Schmitt, a geologist", "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "the last mission, Apollo 17", "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "the last mission, Apollo 17", "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "the crews of all missions from Apollo 8 onward", "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "the crews of all missions from Apollo 8 onward", "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "the crews of all missions from Apollo 8 onward. The crew that flew the first Earth orbital test mission Apollo 7", "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "the crews of all missions from Apollo 8", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "1966", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "Two", "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "4", "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "Two", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": ", or AS-278", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "a new Apollo spacesuit", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "The traditional visor helmet was replaced with a clear \"fishbowl\" type for greater visibility", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "the lunar surface EVA suit would include a water-cooled undergarment", "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "Lunar Module Pilot", "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "Director of Flight Crew Operations", "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "the first Apollo crew in January 1966", "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "the first Apollo crew in January 1966", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "August", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "August", "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "August", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": "director Samuel Phillips", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "director Samuel Phillips to head a \"tiger team", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "1967", "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "director Samuel Phillips to head a \"tiger team", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "the Kennedy Space Center", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "A \"plugs-out\" test was planned for January", "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "the Kennedy Space Center", "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "the morning of January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "the morning of January", "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits", "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "the morning of January 27, 1967", "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "the morning of January 27, 1967", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that \"deficiencies existed in Command Module", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that \"deficiencies existed in Command Module", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb, North American removed Harrison Storms as Command Module program manager. Webb also reassigned Apollo Spacecraft Program Office", "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that \"deficiencies existed in Command Module", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "a quick-release, outward opening door", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "manned", "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II", "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types", "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "types", "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission", "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "November", "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "November", "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "April 4, 1968", "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module", "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968", "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968", "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "December 1968", "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "September 15, 1968", "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "Christmas", "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "December 1968", "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "September 15, 1968", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "Neil", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "July 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "the surface, and spent 2 hours, 31 minutes outside the spacecraft", "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "24", "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "November 1969, Gemini veteran Charles \"Pete\" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12", "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "November 1969", "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "November 1969", "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "November 1969", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "Vehicle", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "Vehicle", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "the last five", "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "the last five", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "April", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "April", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "the remainder", "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": "April", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": "the development of the upcoming Space Shuttle. By 1971", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": "the time of the first landing in 1969", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": "the development of the upcoming Space Shuttle. By 1971, the decision was made to also cancel missions 18 and 19. The two", "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": "1971", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": "the development of the Solar System, that are largely absent on Earth. One important rock found during the Apollo Program is dubbed the Genesis Rock", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "the development of the Solar System, that are largely absent on Earth. One important rock found during the Apollo Program is dubbed the Genesis Rock", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "K", "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "the development of the Solar System, that are largely absent on Earth. One important rock found during the Apollo Program is dubbed the Genesis Rock", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "the Moon", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "the Moon", "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "impact", "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "$170 billion", "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": ", plus program support and management costs; construction expenses for facilities and their upgrading, and costs for flight operations. This was based on a Congressional Budget Office", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": "The Apollo Extension Series", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "Program", "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Venus", "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973", "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973", "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "February 8, 1974", "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "equipped", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "2009", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "the exception of the one left during the Apollo 11", "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "the exception of the one left during the Apollo 11", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "8", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968", "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "the ninth orbit of the Moon. The mission and Christmas provided an inspiring end to 1968", "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "the team that designed and built the lunar television camera", "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "converted", "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA to remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes from the National Archives and Records Administration to be recorded over with newer", "5725f239271a42140099d360": "the National Archives and Records Administration to be recorded over with newer", "5725f239271a42140099d361": "the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA", "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled", "5725f39638643c19005acef8": ", and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center", "5725f39638643c19005acef9": ", and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center", "5725f39638643c19005acefa": ", and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center", "5725f39638643c19005acefb": ", and kinescope recordings made at Johnson Space Center", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "Council", "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "The legislature of the European Union", "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "the laws of European Union member states. The three", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "The European Court of Justice", "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "The European Court of Justice", "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "The European Court of Justice", "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "the governments of all 28", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": ". The European Commission", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "the governments of all 28", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "the board of the European Central Bank. The European Court of Justice", "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "the board of the European Central Bank", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "Treaty on European Union", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "The TEU specifically excludes certain regions, for example the Faroe Islands", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "Treaty on European Union", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "Individuals may rely on primary law in the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "Treaty on European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "Treaty on European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Treaty on European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "Treaty on European Union", "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "The Court of Justice", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "Rome", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "1972 (though Norway did not end up joining), Greece in 1979", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "1972", "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "1985", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "Maastricht Treaty 1992", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1972", "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "1985", "57264865dd62a815002e8062": ", as a result of the referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution", "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France", "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "substance", "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon", "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "Constitution", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "Constitution", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "Constitution", "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "Lisbon", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "Commission", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Federica Mogherini", "572691545951b619008f76e1": "Article", "572691545951b619008f76e2": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "572691545951b619008f76e3": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "572691545951b619008f76e4": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "572691545951b619008f76e5": "the main executive body of the European Union. Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union", "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "Commission", "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "Committee of Independent Experts", "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "the purpose of managing the euro. It has a six-person board appointed by the European Council", "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office. In 2012 it investigated the Maltese Commissioner for Health, John Dalli", "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "1999", "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "Committee of Independent Experts", "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "the creation of the European Anti-fraud Office", "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "2012", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": "the Council of the European Union", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": "the Council of the European Union", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": "five", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": "the Council of the European Union", "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": "the Council of the European Union", "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": "the Commission", "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "1979", "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "five", "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "the conservative European People's Party is currently the largest", "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "the Council", "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "President (currently former Poland Prime Minister Donald Tusk", "5726545f708984140094c2a7": ", so smaller member states are not dominated by larger member states. In total there are 352", "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "352", "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "352", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "second", "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "each", "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "352", "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": ", but for most acts there must be a qualified majority vote, if not consensus. TEU article 16(4", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "the outset before any proposals start the legislative procedure. The EU as a whole can only act within its power set out in the Treaties", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "the Commission", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "the outset before any proposals start the legislative procedure. The EU as a whole can only act within its power set out in the Treaties", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "5", "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "the Court of Justice", "572695285951b619008f774b": "TFEU article 294 defines the \"ordinary legislative procedure", "572695285951b619008f774c": "the outset before any proposals start the legislative procedure. The EU as a whole can only act within its power set out in the Treaties", "572695285951b619008f774d": "the Treaties. TEU articles 4 and 5", "572695285951b619008f774e": "Committee", "572658435951b619008f7025": "the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice of the European Union", "572658435951b619008f7026": "the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice", "572658435951b619008f7027": "28", "572658435951b619008f7028": "the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice", "572658435951b619008f7029": "the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "the development of EU law, by assuming the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "the development of EU law, by assuming the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "a Civil Service Tribunal", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice of the European Union", "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice of the European Union", "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "Rome", "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "the first major case in 1964", "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "two Regulations from 1964 and 1968", "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "Rome", "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", "5726975c708984140094cb21": "Rome", "572699db5951b619008f7799": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779a": "the democratisation of its institutions, and has a framework that protects fundamental human rights", "572699db5951b619008f779b": "1972", "572699db5951b619008f779d": "the democratisation of its institutions, and has a framework", "572699db5951b619008f779c": "1972", "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": ", but courts can also require specific performance", "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": ", but courts can also require specific performance", "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "constitutional law concerns the European Union", "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "the Netherlands. After a Dutch court made a reference, the Court of Justice held that even though the Treaties", "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "TFEU", "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "the Netherlands", "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "the effect of \"jeopardizing", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "standing", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "the current position adopted by the Court of Justice, citizens have standing", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "the current position adopted by the Court of Justice, citizens have standing", "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "early 1990s", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "Directive", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "Directive", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "K", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "the Employment Equality Framework Directive", "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "60", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "the light of the wording", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "Directive", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "Insolvency Protection Directive", "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "Insolvency Protection Directive", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "the European Court of Justice", "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "the European Court of Human Rights", "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "the 1950s", "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "Article 5", "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "the general principle of proportionality", "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "the 1960s", "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "concept of legal certainty", "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty", "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "the principles of legal certainty and good faith, is also a central element of the general principle of legal certainty", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "the general principles of European Union law. As such the European Court of Justice", "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "the late 60s and fundamental rights are now regarded as integral part of the general principles of European Union", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "the establishment of the European Convention", "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "the time the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "1950", "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "2007", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": ", the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "the same legal value as the Treaties.\" Therefore, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "Chapter", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "Chapter", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30", "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "the basis for European Community legislation on these issues in 40", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "11", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "the only member state to veto the Social Charter being included as the \"Social Chapter", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "Chapter", "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "1992", "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "the election of the UK Labour Party to government in 1997, the UK formally subscribed to the Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "the election of the UK Labour Party to government in 1997, the UK formally subscribed to the Agreement on Social Policy", "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "Directive, which required workforce consultation in businesses, and the 1996", "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "1996", "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "1994", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "Community", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "1951", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "Community", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "86", "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 101", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "the general principle of European Union law of proportionality). Article 102", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "Articles 106", "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "the general principle of European Union law of proportionality). Article 102", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "concept", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "concept", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being", "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "concept", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "TFEU article 35) then it must be justified under article 36", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "i", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "In Procureur du Roi v Dassonville", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "France", "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union article 34, \u2018Quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "the use of a product, this can also infringe article 34", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "the use of a product, this can also infringe article 34. So, in a 2009 case, Commission v Italy", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "Italy", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "the use of a product, this can also infringe article 34. So, in a 2009 case, Commission v Italy", "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "Italy", "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "the same manner in fact. In Keck and Mithouard two", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "prevent cut throat competition", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "the same manner in fact. In Keck", "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "Unfair Commercial Practices", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "the 1970s, this focus shifted towards developing a more \"social\" Europe. Free movement was increasingly based on \"citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "the European Community", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "Free movement was increasingly based on \"citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "the 1970s, this focus shifted towards developing a more \"social\" Europe. Free movement was increasingly based on \"citizenship", "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "the 1970s, this focus shifted towards developing a more \"social\" Europe. Free movement was increasingly based on \"citizenship", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "Movement", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Association", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "ic", "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "the Netherlands", "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "the decision of migrant workers to exercise their right to freedom of movement", "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship of the EU has increasingly been seen as a \"fundamental\" status", "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "the Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "the Court of Justice", "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "the Court of Justice, and has accordingly increased the number of social services that people can access wherever they move. The Court has required that higher education", "5726c002708984140094d073": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", "5726c002708984140094d074": "the Court of Justice held the Commission", "5726c002708984140094d075": "In Reyners v Belgium the Court of Justice held that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar because he lacked Belgian nationality was unjustified", "5726c002708984140094d076": "TFEU article 49", "5726c002708984140094d077": "Commission", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "the coast of C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, from a European ship, prompted the Commission to look into legislation", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "the coast of C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, from a European ship, prompted the Commission to look into legislation", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October", "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "the basis that criminal law should not be an EU competence, but was rejected at vote. However, in October 2007", "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "the Court of Justice. In Alpine Investments BV v Minister van Financi\u00ebn", "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "the UK's National Health Service. Aside", "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "the context of the UK's National Health Service. Aside from public services, another sensitive field of services are those classified as illegal. Josemans", "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "the Court of Justice. In Alpine Investments BV v Minister van Financi\u00ebn", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "Daily Mail newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": "the basis that it was not validly incorporated in Germany. Although restrictions on freedom of establishment could be justified by creditor", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "the basis that it was not validly incorporated in Germany. Although restrictions on freedom of establishment could be justified by creditor", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "the basis that it was not validly incorporated in Germany. Although restrictions on freedom of establishment could be justified by creditor", "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "the basis that it was not validly incorporated in Germany", "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "ia", "5725b81b271a42140099d098": "5,500,000 square kilometres (2", "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "nine", "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "nine", "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Dutch", "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "Amaz\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "half", "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16", "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "the planet's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest", "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "7,000,000 square kilometres (2", "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "nine", "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "Brazil", "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees divided into 16", "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. During the Oligocene", "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "the tropics. During", "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. During the Oligocene, for example, the rainforest", "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "the tropics. During the Oligocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "the tropics. During the Oligocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. During the Oligocene", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. During", "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "the tropics. During the Oligocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. During the Oligocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "66", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "the tropics. During the Oligocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics. During the Oligocene", "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "the last 34 million years have allowed savanna", "5725c071271a42140099d127": "the mid-Eocene", "5725c071271a42140099d128": "the eastern side flowed toward", "5725c071271a42140099d129": "the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward", "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "the mid-Eocene", "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward", "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward", "57283d173acd2414000df790": "the eastern side flowed toward", "57283d173acd2414000df791": "the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward", "57283d173acd2414000df792": "the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic, while to the west water flowed toward", "57283d173acd2414000df793": "the mid-Eocene", "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "the mid-Eocene", "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "the mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along", "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "the eastern side flowed toward", "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "the eastern side flowed toward", "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "Solim\u00f5es Basin", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "the last 21", "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation. An", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "the last 21,000 years through the Last Glacial Maximum", "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude", "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude", "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "1,600 miles (2,600 km) over the Atlantic Ocean", "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "Amazon", "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "132", "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "NASA's CALIPSO satellite", "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude", "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude", "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "132", "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea", "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "NASA's CALIPSO", "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA", "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude", "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "the Atlantic Ocean", "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "the air, 43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude", "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Man", "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise. She claimed that a population density", "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "the early 1980", "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "recent", "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "Some", "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "the early 1980", "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "the early 1980", "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "2", "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "Man", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "the early 1980", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "the early 1980", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "2", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5", "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "early 1980", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana in 1542", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "Francisco", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "the 1540s. It is believed that the civilization was later devastated", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "the 1970s", "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "the 1970s, numerous geoglyphs have been discovered on deforested land dating between AD 0\u201312", "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana in 1542", "5729edd56aef051400155113": "Francisco de Orellana in 1542", "5729edd56aef051400155114": "the 1970s", "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Ondemar Dias is accredited with first discovering the geoglyphs in 1977", "5729edd56aef051400155116": "11", "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger", "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger", "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "allowed agriculture", "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "the region of the Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003", "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger", "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger", "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "human", "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "the region of the Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003", "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "the region of the Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003", "5729ef266aef051400155120": "the region of the Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "2", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "five", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "40", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "2", "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "96", "5729f0db6aef051400155126": "2", "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "2", "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "40", "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "five", "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "more", "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "the region is estimated at 16", "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "the region is estimated at 16", "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "The average plant biomass", "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "4", "5729f2646aef051400155130": "the region is estimated at 16", "5729f2646aef051400155131": "the region is estimated at 16", "5729f2646aef051400155132": "1999", "5729f2646aef051400155133": "the region with many more remaining to be discovered or catalogued", "5729f2646aef051400155134": "the region is estimated at 16", "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "the largest predatory creatures", "5729f3831d0469140077967d": ", while piranha are known to bite and injure humans", "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "Various species of poison dart frogs", "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "the largest predatory creatures", "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": ", so farmers are constantly moving to new areas and clearing more land. These farming practices led to deforestation and caused extensive environmental damage. Deforestation", "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "1960s", "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "the early 1960s, access to the forest's interior was highly restricted, and the forest remained basically intact. Farms", "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "the early 1960s, access to the forest's interior was highly restricted, and the forest remained basically intact. Farms", "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "the naked eye from outer space", "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "1991", "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "the second-largest global producer of soybeans after the United States. New research however, conducted by Leydime", "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "the second-largest global producer of soybeans after the United States. New research however, conducted by Leydime", "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "the second", "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": "Seventy", "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "the previous five years (19,018 km2 or 7,343 sq mi per year). Although deforestation has declined significantly in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004", "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "two", "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "22", "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "the previous five years (19,018 km2 or 7,343 sq mi per year). Although deforestation has declined significantly in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004", "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "2000", "572a020f6aef051400155198": "the world's terrestrial primary productivity", "572a020f6aef051400155199": "the world's terrestrial primary productivity", "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "the release of the carbon", "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "the world's terrestrial primary productivity and 10", "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "the world's terrestrial primary productivity and 10% of the carbon stores in ecosystems\u2014of the order of 1", "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": ", simulations of Amazon basin climate change across many different models are not consistent in their estimation of any rainfall response, ranging from weak increases to strong decreases", "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": ", simulations of Amazon basin climate change across many different models are not consistent in their estimation of any rainfall response, ranging from weak increases to strong decreases", "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": ", simulations of Amazon basin climate change across many different models are not consistent in their estimation of any rainfall response, ranging from weak increases to strong decreases", "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism", "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism", "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation and ecocide", "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism", "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism", "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "the rainforests", "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "the Trio Tribe", "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "Google Earth", "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "the rainforests", "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "the rainforests", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "the forest is crucial. In 2006 Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "the forest is crucial. In 2006 Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "2006 Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "2006", "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "the forest is crucial. In 2006 Tatiana Kuplich organized the trees of the Amazon into four", "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "Scientists", "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "the effects of deforestation on regional climate, are pushing the rainforest towards a \"tipping", "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "the brink of being turned into savanna", "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "A July 23, 2006 article in the UK newspaper The Independent reported Woods Hole Research Center", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "the journal Science. In a typical year the Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2005", "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "the journal Science. In a typical year the Amazon absorbs 1.5 gigatons of carbon dioxide", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "ora", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "the outside and another lining the internal cavity. In ctenophores", "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": "Adults of various species range from a few millimeters to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) in size", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "the outside and another lining the internal cavity. In ctenophores", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "combs", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "rely", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "the outside and another lining the internal cavity. In ctenophores", "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "ora", "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "ora", "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "the outside and another lining the internal cavity. In ctenophores", "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "the outside and another lining the internal cavity. In ctenophores", "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "ora", "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "the outside and another lining the internal cavity. In ctenophores", "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ores", "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": "100", "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": "ores", "5725c337271a42140099d163": "100", "5725c337271a42140099d164": "pair", "5725c337271a42140099d165": "the same area, because they specialize in different types", "5725c337271a42140099d166": "the coastal beroids, which lack tentacles and prey on other ctenophores", "5725c337271a42140099d167": "the same area, because they specialize in different types of prey, which they capture by as wide a range of methods", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ores", "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "pair", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "the same area, because they specialize in different types of prey, which they capture by as wide a range of methods", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "the same area, because they specialize in different types of prey, which they capture by as wide a range of methods", "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "ores", "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "juveniles", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "the same time. Others are sequential", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "the same time. Others are sequential hermaphrodites, in which the eggs and sperm mature at different times. Fertilization", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "One ctenophore, Mnemiopsis, has accidentally been introduced into the Black Sea", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "Mnemiopsis", "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "Mnemiopsis", "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "ores", "5725c69738643c19005accba": "Mnemiopsis", "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "Mn", "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "ores", "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "Mnemiopsis", "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "Mnemiopsis", "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "One ctenophore", "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "Mn", "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "Mn", "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event 66", "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "the 1980", "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "fossils thought to represent ctenophores", "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "the 1980s indicates that the \"cydippids", "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "515 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago", "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "the \"cydippids", "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "the early Cambrian, about 515 million years ago. The position of the ctenophores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "ores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "ores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "ores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "ores", "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "ores", "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "ores", "572646655951b619008f6ec0": ", etc.), and less complex than bilaterians (which include almost all other animals). Unlike sponges, both ctenophores", "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "ores", "572646655951b619008f6ec2": ", etc.), and less complex than bilaterians (which include almost all other animals). Unlike sponges, both ctenophores", "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "than bilaterians", "572647d0708984140094c14b": "the mesoglea in cnidarians and ctenophores", "572647d0708984140094c14c": "di", "572647d0708984140094c14d": "diploblastic, along with sponges. Both ctenophores", "572647d0708984140094c14e": "di", "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "the length of their bodies and bear comb", "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "the length of their bodies and bear comb", "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "the length of their bodies and bear comb", "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "the length of their bodies and bear comb", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "two", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": "Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks base their descriptions of ctenophores", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks base their descriptions of ctenophores", "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": "Pleurobrachia, Beroe and Mnemiopsis. At least two textbooks base their descriptions of ctenophores", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "mis", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "the far end from the mouth \u2013 two of these four branches terminate in anal pores. The inner surface of the cavity", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "x", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "the far end from the mouth \u2013 two of these four branches terminate in anal pores. The inner surface of the cavity", "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "the most active parts of the animal: the mouth and pharynx", "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "eight", "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "2", "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "the body cavity may pump this into the mesoglea to increase its bulk and decrease", "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "the body cavity", "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "the body cavity may pump this into the mesoglea to increase its bulk and decrease", "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "the body cavity may pump this into the mesoglea to increase its bulk and decrease", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "four", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "four", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "four", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "four", "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "four", "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "the common coastal \"sea gooseberry,\"", "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "the common coastal \"sea gooseberry,\"", "57265746dd62a815002e821a": "ores", "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "the common coastal \"sea gooseberry,\"", "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "the common coastal \"sea gooseberry,\"", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "with tentilla", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "the outer layer of the epidermis", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "the outer layer of the epidermis", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three types of movement", "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "the outer layer of the epidermis", "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "eight", "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "eight", "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "pair", "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "four", "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "the inner surface of the lobes (rather than trailing far behind, as in the Cydippida", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "eight", "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "eight", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "The Beroid", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "The Beroid", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "the opposite adhesive strip. This tight closure", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "the opposite adhesive strip. This tight closure", "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "The Beroid", "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "two", "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Cestum veneris (\"Venus", "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "the middle of opposite edges of the ribbon. There is a pair of comb-rows along each aboral edge, and tentilla", "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "two", "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "two", "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "pair of tentilla-bearing tentacles", "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "the back of the ctenophore", "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "the back of the ctenophore", "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "the back of the ctenophore", "572683075951b619008f7513": "the same time \u2013 except that in two species of the genus Ocry", "572683075951b619008f7514": "the same time \u2013 except that in two species of the genus Ocry", "572683075951b619008f7515": "the same time \u2013 except that in two species of the genus Ocry", "572683075951b619008f7516": "the same time \u2013 except that in two species of the genus Ocry", "572683075951b619008f7517": "Fertilization", "572684365951b619008f753f": "In the genus", "572684365951b619008f7540": ", such as the flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f7541": ", such as the flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f7542": "the flat, bottom-dwelling platyctenids", "572684365951b619008f7543": "genus", "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "the same wavelengths as their bodies. Juveniles", "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "the same wavelengths as their bodies. Juveniles", "572686fc708984140094c8e7": ", are disturbed, they produce secretions", "572686fc708984140094c8e8": ", are disturbed, they produce secretions (ink) that luminesce at much the same wavelengths as their bodies. Juveniles", "5726887e708984140094c917": "the same place and time because they specialize in different types of prey: Pleurobrach", "5726887e708984140094c918": "genus", "5726887e708984140094c919": "Members of the genus", "5726887e708984140094c91a": "the same place and time because they specialize in different types of prey: Pleurobrach", "5726887e708984140094c91b": "two", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "the guts of possible predators, although the combs", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "On", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "the Red Sea. The larvae of some sea anemones are parasites on ctenophores", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "the guts of possible predators, although the combs", "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "ores", "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "the late 1980s", "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "the late 1980s", "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "the late 1980s the Western Atlantic ctenophore", "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "1980s", "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "1991", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "the mid-Cambrian period. All three apparently lacked tentacles but had between 24", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "The Ediac", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "Three", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "Three", "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "Three", "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": ", and that ctenophores", "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": ", and that ctenophores originated from sessile animals", "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": ", and that ctenophores", "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": "the preceding Ediacaran period. De-Gan Shu, Simon Conway Morris et al. found on its branches what they considered rows of cilia", "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "the preceding Ediacaran", "57269016708984140094ca41": "Several", "57269016708984140094ca42": "Porifera (sponges) is the earliest-diverging animal phylum instead", "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": "the cydippids are not monophyletic and concluded that the last common ancestor of modern ctenophores", "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "Richard Harbison's purely morphological analysis in 1985", "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene", "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "the U.S. state of California. As of 2015, the city's population was 520,159, making it the fifth", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "the nation. Fresno", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "the nation. Fresno", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "an", "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "the U.S. state of California", "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "72", "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "the new community. Fresno", "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "85", "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "the new community. Fresno became an incorporated city in 1885. By 1931 the Fresno Traction Company operated 47", "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "72", "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "2", "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Chinatown", "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d183271a42140099d240": "the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d183271a42140099d241": "the site of the Pinedale Assembly Center", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "September", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "the other but not both). In 1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "the other but not both). In 1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1976", "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "the other but not both). In 1976", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "the 1970s", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "the 1970s", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "the neighboring", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "the neighboring", "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Lu", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "two", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "two", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "two", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "two", "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "two", "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "the 1880s and World War II", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "the 1880s and World War II", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "the 1880s and World War II", "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "the 1880s and World War II", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "1964", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "the country, including the only Pierre-Auguste Renoir", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "the country, including the only Pierre-Auguste Renoir", "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "The public art pieces will be restored and placed near their current locations and will feature wide sidewalks", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "the City of Fresno, much of the neighborhood is a \"county island\" within Fresno County", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "the City of Fresno, much of the neighborhood is a \"county island\" within Fresno County", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "1950s", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "the 1970s, it has recently experienced a surge in new home construction. It is also the home of the Sunnyside Country Club", "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "the heart of the Tower District. (The name of the theater refers to a well-known landmark water tower, which is actually in another", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "the heart of the Tower District. (The name of the theater", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "the site of Fresno City College", "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "the site of Fresno City College", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "the late 1970s", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "1978", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "the theater while she was a high school student. McDonald subsequently became a leading performer on Broadway in New York City", "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "the leading roles of Evita and The Wiz at the theater", "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "the center of Fresno", "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "the center of Fresno", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "Since renewal, the Tower District has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "the center of Fresno", "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "the center", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "early twentieth century homes", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Storybook", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "the Tower District contrasts with the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl in north and east areas of Fresno", "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "early twentieth century homes, many of which have been restored in recent decades", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "The section of Huntington Boulevard between First Street on the west to Cedar Avenue on the east is the home to many large", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1914", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "the heart of the historic Alta Vista Tract", "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "the heart of the historic Alta Vista Tract", "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "the city. The neighborhood lies southwest of the 99 freeway (which divides it from Downtown Fresno), west of the 41 freeway and south of Nielsen", "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "the city. The neighborhood lies southwest", "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "the center of Fresno's African-American", "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "the center of Fresno's African-American community. It is culturally diverse and also includes significant Mexican-American and Asian-American", "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "the city. The neighborhood", "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "the southern edge of the West Side south of Jensen and west of Elm, was given the name by the Fresno", "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "the southern edge of the West Side south of Jensen and west of Elm, was given the name by the Fresno City Council in an", "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "The roughly half-mile stretch of Kearney Boulevard between Fresno Street and Thorne Ave was at one time the preferred neighborhood", "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "the southern edge of the West Side south of Jensen and west of Elm, was given the name by the Fresno City Council", "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "2008", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "1960", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "Kearney Palm Shopping Center", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "Cargill Meat Solutions and Foster Farms both have large processing facilities", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "the 1960s and 1990s by the Fresno Housing Authority. The US Department of Housing and Urban Development", "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "the late 1990s", "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "the north eastern part of Fresno, Woodward Park was founded by the late Ralph Woodward", "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "the north eastern part of Fresno, Woodward Park was founded by the late Ralph Woodward", "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "2", "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22", "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "April", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "Sierra", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "the first aviation community to be built[citation needed] and there", "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "the United States and around the world. Developer William Smilie created the nation's first planned aviation community", "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": "the axis of the California Central Valley; in December, January and February", "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": "the axis of the California Central Valley; in December, January and February", "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "the axis of the California Central Valley; in December, January and February", "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "February", "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": ", and no freeze occurred between in the 1983/1984 season. Annual rainfall has ranged from 23.57 inches (598", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "January 6, 1913", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "November 1885", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": "2.2 inches (0.06 m) on January 21, 1962", "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "November", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "the total population are Mexican", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "the total population are Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, and 0.4% Puerto Rican. Non-Hispanic", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "the population in 2010, down from 72", "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "4", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": "the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": "the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples", "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": "the age of 18 living in them, 69,284 (43.8%) were opposite-sex married couples", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "the city was 50.2", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "the city. The population density was 4,097.9 people per square mile (1,582.2/km\u00b2). There were 149", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "8", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "the city was 50.2% White, 8.4% Black or African American, 1.6% Native American, 11", "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "the city. The population density", "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "the San Francisco Bay Area and those planned for Chico, Sacramento, Salinas, and Stockton, the Federal Communications Commission", "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "June", "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "June", "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "the San Francisco Bay Area and those planned for Chico, Sacramento, Salinas, and Stockton, the Federal Communications Commission decided that Fresno", "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": ", which debuted on June 1, 1953. KMJ is now known as NBC affiliate KSEE", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "the south, and then heads north to Yosemite. State Route 180 (Kings Canyon Freeway) comes from the west via Mendota", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "State Route 168", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "the city of Clovis and Huntington Lake. State Route 41", "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "the south, and then heads north to Yosemite. State Route 180 (Kings Canyon Freeway", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "the 1950s", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "the west side of the Central Valley, and thus bypass many of the population centers in the region, instead of upgrading what is now State Route 99", "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "the region, instead of upgrading what is now State Route 99", "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "the city; the San Joaquin Valley Railroad", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Downtown", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "both", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "the city. The city of Fresno", "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "the city; the San Joaquin Valley Railroad also operates former Southern Pacific branchlines heading west and south out of the city. The city of Fresno", "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching", "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "paradigm, circuit switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": ", while packet switching", "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": ", while packet switching", "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": ", while packet switching", "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "a method", "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": ", while packet switching", "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": ", while packet switching", "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "Packet mode communication", "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously", "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "multiple", "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "Packet mode communication", "5726356938643c19005ad300": "Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes asynchronously", "5726356938643c19005ad301": "multiple", "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "concept", "5726249538643c19005ad080": "the summer of 1961", "5726249538643c19005ad081": "the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626 in 1962", "5726249538643c19005ad082": "the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626 in 1962", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626 in 1962", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626 in 1962", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "concept", "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "the summer of 1961 as briefing B-265, later published as RAND report P-2626 in 1962", "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "1965", "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran. He called it packet switching", "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "the UK. He gave a talk on the proposal in 1966", "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "the UK. He gave a talk on the proposal in 1966", "5726378238643c19005ad313": "the UK. He gave a talk on the proposal in 1966", "5726378238643c19005ad314": "the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran. He called it packet switching", "5726378238643c19005ad315": "the UK. He gave a talk on the proposal in 1966", "5726385e271a42140099d797": "the need for a dedicated path to help the packet find its way to its destination, but means that much more information is needed in the packet header", "5726385e271a42140099d798": "the need for a dedicated path to help the packet find its way to its destination, but means that much more information is needed in the packet header", "5726385e271a42140099d799": "the need for a dedicated path to help the packet find its way to its destination, but means that much more information is needed in the packet header", "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "the need for a dedicated path to help the packet find its way to its destination, but means that much more information is needed in the packet header", "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "The packet header", "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "the parameters of communication", "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "the parameters of communication. The packets include a connection identifier", "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "the parameters of communication", "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "two", "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "Internet", "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "two", "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "M) and or versions of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) at layer two", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "1969", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "the introduction of X.25 in 1973", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": "User Datagram Protocol", "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "the introduction of X.25 in 1973", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "the 1980s and 90s. AppleTalk", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "the 1980s and 90s. AppleTalk", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "the requirement for a centralized router or server. The AppleTalk", "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "the 1980s and 90s. AppleTalk", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "Louis", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "The CY", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": ", rather than the network itself, using unreliable", "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "Concepts", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "the first peer-to-peer network architectures, thus transforming DEC into a networking powerhouse in the 1980", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "1975", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "1982", "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "II", "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "the instigation of Warner Sinback, a data network based on this voice-phone network was designed to connect GE's four", "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "four", "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "four", "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "1965", "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "1966", "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "1972", "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": "the mid-1980s", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "the United States. It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "the United States. It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "the United States. It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "the United States. It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts", "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "1979", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": "the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": "the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways", "572643de5951261400b5195a": "two", "572643de5951261400b5195b": "DATAPAC", "572643de5951261400b5195c": "Northern Telecom sold several", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "the early 1980s", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "the early 1980s", "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "the early 1980s", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "the same people within one department of KPN", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "the name was incorrect all these services were managed by the same people within one department of KPN", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "1", "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "the name was incorrect all these services were managed by the same people within one department of KPN", "5726462b708984140094c117": "the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) that began operation in 1981", "5726462b708984140094c118": "the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) that began operation in 1981", "5726462b708984140094c119": "1981", "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "Internet2", "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "1998", "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "Level 3 Communications", "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "October, 2007", "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "the United States. NSFNET was also the name given to several", "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "National Science Foundation Network", "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "the United States. NSFNET was also the name given to several", "572648d1708984140094c15d": "the United States. The network was engineered and operated by MCI Telecommunications under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. By 1998", "572648d1708984140094c15e": "the United States. The network was engineered and operated by MCI Telecommunications under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. By 1998", "572648d1708984140094c15f": "the United States. The network was engineered and operated by MCI Telecommunications under a cooperative", "572648d1708984140094c160": "1998", "572648d1708984140094c161": "February", "57264684708984140094c123": "the 14", "57264684708984140094c124": "the 14", "57264684708984140094c125": "the 14", "57264684708984140094c126": "the 14th century. The world population as a whole did not recover to pre-plague levels until", "57264684708984140094c127": "the 14", "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331", "572647935951b619008f6eca": "the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331", "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331", "572647935951b619008f6ecc": "the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331", "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "the port city of Kaffa in the Crimea in 1347", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "the port city of Kaffa in the Crimea in 1347. After a protracted siege, during which the Mongol army under Jani Beg", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "the port city of Kaffa in the Crimea in 1347. After a protracted siege, during which the Mongol army under Jani Beg", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "the port city of Kaffa in the Crimea in 1347", "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "the south of Europe, whence it spread north. Whether or not this hypothesis is accurate, it is clear that several", "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "the Netherlands", "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "the Netherlands", "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": "the Netherlands", "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "the Netherlands", "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "49", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "the Middle East during the pandemic, leading to serious depopulation", "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "the Middle East during the pandemic, leading to serious depopulation", "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "the Middle East during the pandemic, leading to serious depopulation", "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": ", and Aleppo. In 1348", "57264a74708984140094c18b": "16", "57264a74708984140094c18c": "ors", "57264a74708984140094c18d": "Comm", "57264a74708984140094c18e": "18", "57264a74708984140094c18f": "-century epidemic first appeared in modern times in 16", "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "the time came from the medical faculty in Paris in a report to the king of France", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "the time came from the medical faculty in Paris in a report to the king of France", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "the time came from the medical faculty in Paris in a report to the king of France", "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "Today", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "1865", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "19th-century plague was begun by teams of scientists who visited Hong Kong in 1894", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Alexandre Yersin, after whom the pathogen was named Yersinia pestis", "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "The mechanism by which Y. pestis was usually transmitted was established in 1898", "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "The bubonic plague mechanism was also dependent on two", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "the 'Great Pestilence' in 1893", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "the 'Great Pestilence' in 1893", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "1908", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "1893", "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": ", and his interpretation was widely accepted for other ancient and medieval epidemics", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "the development of the enlarged lymph nodes that were noted as buboes", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "the development of the enlarged lymph nodes that were noted as buboes", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "80 percent", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "the development of the enlarged lymph nodes that were noted as buboes", "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "the development of the enlarged lymph nodes that were noted as buboes", "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "October", "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "October", "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death following the disputed identification by Drancourt", "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death following the disputed identification by Drancourt", "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "October 2010", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "two", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": "two", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "two", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "the spring of 1349", "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "the spring of 1349", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": "the genome of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "the genome of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "the genome of Y. pestis", "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "October 2011", "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "the work of British bacteriologist J. F. D. Shrewsbury in 1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "the work of British bacteriologist J. F. D. Shrewsbury in 1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "J. F. D. Shrewsbury in 1970", "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "1984", "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "1984", "5726516a708984140094c223": "the time of publication of the Domesday Book and the year 1377", "5726516a708984140094c224": "the time of publication of the Domes", "5726516a708984140094c225": "the time of publication of the Domes", "5726516a708984140094c226": "the time of publication of the Domesday Book and the year 1377. Estimates", "5726516a708984140094c227": "the time of publication of the Domesday Book and the year 1377", "57265285708984140094c25b": "the 14th and 17th centuries; temperatures that are too cold in northern Europe", "57265285708984140094c25c": "the 14th and 17th centuries; temperatures that are too cold in northern Europe", "57265285708984140094c25d": "the 14th and 17th centuries; temperatures that are too cold in northern Europe", "57265285708984140094c25e": "the 14th and 17th centuries; temperatures that are too cold in northern Europe", "57265285708984140094c25f": "the 14th and 17th centuries; temperatures that are too cold in northern Europe", "5726534d708984140094c26d": "the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell", "5726534d708984140094c26e": "Norman Cantor", "5726534d708984140094c26f": "the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell", "5726534d708984140094c270": "the results of an examination of 25 bodies exhumed from the Clerkenwell", "5726534d708984140094c271": "25", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": ", and this was reduced by nearly 40,000 by 1450. In 1348", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "Half", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": ", and this was reduced by nearly 40,000 by 1450. In 1348", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": ", and this was reduced by nearly 40,000 by 1450. In 1348", "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": ", and this was reduced by nearly 40,000 by 1450. In 1348", "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "the 14th to 17th centuries. According to Biraben, the plague was present somewhere in Europe in every year between 1346 and 16", "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "the 14th to 17th centuries. According to Biraben, the plague was present somewhere in Europe in every year between 1346 and 16", "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "million", "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "2", "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "end of 1350", "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "An outbreak in 1471", "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "16", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": "40", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": "the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death ravaged Europe", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": "16", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris", "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "22", "57265700dd62a815002e820e": "the first half of the 17th century, a plague claimed some 1.7 million victims in Italy", "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "half", "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "1649 probably reduced the population of Seville", "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "the 17th century, a plague claimed some 1.7 million victims in Italy", "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "the 17th century, a plague claimed some 1.7 million victims in Italy", "5726577f708984140094c301": "1500", "5726577f708984140094c302": "16", "5726577f708984140094c303": "the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics", "5726577f708984140094c304": "Baghdad", "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "When a rock crystallizes", "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": ", and metamorphic. The rock cycle", "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "The rock cycle", "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "three major types", "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": ", and metamorphic. The rock cycle is an important concept in geology", "57265d08708984140094c397": "the surface of the Earth and the convecting mantle is called plate tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c398": "the surface of the Earth and the convecting mantle is called plate tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c399": "the surface of the Earth and the convecting mantle is called plate tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c39a": "the surface of the Earth and the convecting mantle is called plate tectonics", "57265d08708984140094c39b": "1960", "57265f605951b619008f70db": "boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "convergent boundaries", "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "San Andreas fault", "57265f605951b619008f70de": "the theory of plate tectonics", "57265f605951b619008f70df": "the theory of plate tectonics", "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "the development of a layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "the development of a layered", "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "the development of a layered", "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "images have led to a much more detailed", "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "the development of a layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "four", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "four", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "four", "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "four", "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "The principle of cross-cutting relationships pertains to the formation of faults", "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "the formations", "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "the key bed in these situations may help determine whether the fault is a normal fault", "572665ff708984140094c4c6": ", then the formations", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "a result, xenoliths are older", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "it is common for gravel from an older formation to be ripped up and included in a newer", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "The principle of inclusions and components states that, with sedimentary rocks, if inclusions", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": ", then the inclusions", "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "common for gravel from an older formation to be ripped up and included in a newer", "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "the publication of Charles Darwin", "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "William Smith almost a hundred years before the publication of Charles Darwin", "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "the publication of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, the principles of succession were developed independently of evolutionary thought. The principle becomes quite complex", "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "the appearance of fossils", "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "the publication of Charles Darwin", "57266c015951b619008f7237": "the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events using radioactive isotopes and other methods", "57266c015951b619008f7238": "the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events using radioactive isotopes and other methods", "57266c015951b619008f7239": "converting", "57266c015951b619008f723a": "the understanding of geologic time. Previously, geologists could only use fossils", "57266c015951b619008f723b": "the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events using radioactive isotopes", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "Thermochemical techniques can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust, the uplift of mountain ranges, and paleotopography", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "the crystal lattice. These are used in geochronologic and thermochronologic", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "These are used in geochronologic", "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "a variety of applications. Dating", "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "the principle of superposition", "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "the principle of superposition", "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "the center of the fold buckles upwards, creating \"antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "the center of the fold buckles upwards, creating \"antiforms", "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "the center of the fold buckles upwards, creating \"antiforms\", or where it buckles downwards, creating \"synforms\". If the tops", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "the Grand Canyon", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "ins", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "location", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "Rocks at the depth", "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "a whole to become longer and thinner. This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting and through the ductile", "572673f5708984140094c69b": "Dikes", "572673f5708984140094c69c": "the creation of topographic gradients, causing material on the rock unit that is increasing in elevation to be eroded by hillsl", "572673f5708984140094c69d": "the creation of topographic gradients", "572673f5708984140094c69e": "Continual motion", "572673f5708984140094c69f": "the creation of topographic gradients, causing material on the rock unit that is increasing in elevation to be eroded by hillsl", "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "The Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows", "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "the world have been metamorphosed to the point where their origin is undisc", "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "the world have been metamorphosed to the point where their origin is undisc", "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "the southwestern United States contain almost-undeformed stacks of sedimentary rocks that have remained in place since Cambrian", "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "the world have been metamorphosed to the point where their origin is undisc", "572677e7708984140094c723": "a number of field, laboratory, and numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth. In typical", "572677e7708984140094c724": "the Earth. In typical geological investigations, geologists use primary information related to petrology (the study of rocks), stratigraphy", "572677e7708984140094c725": "a number of field, laboratory, and numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth. In typical", "572677e7708984140094c726": "a number of field, laboratory, and numerical modeling methods to decipher Earth history and understand the processes that occur on and inside the Earth. In typical", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "the field, petrologists identify rock samples in the laboratory. Two", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "the field, petrologists identify rock samples in the laboratory. Two", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "Stable and radioactive isotope studies", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "the field, petrologists identify rock samples in the laboratory. Two", "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "the primary methods for identifying rocks in the laboratory are through optical microscopy", "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "the conditions of crystallization", "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "the conditions of crystallization", "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "the conditions of crystallization", "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "ural", "57267d52708984140094c7da": "the history of rock deformation in the area. In addition, they perform analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation in large and small settings", "57267d52708984140094c7db": "combine", "57267d52708984140094c7dc": "the history of rock deformation in the area. In addition, they perform analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation in large and small settings", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "orogenic wedges", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "the most well-known experiments in structural geology are those", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "Numerical", "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "a critically tapered (all angles remain the same) orogenic wedge", "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "Numerical", "57268066708984140094c821": "the field, such as those from drill cores. Stratigraphers", "57268066708984140094c822": "the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments, and locate areas for water, coal", "57268066708984140094c823": "the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments, and locate areas for water, coal", "57268066708984140094c824": "computer programs", "57268066708984140094c825": "the surface of the Earth, interpret past environments, and locate", "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "Geochronologists", "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "the laboratory, biostratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "Magnetic stratigraphers", "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geochronologists", "572683f95951b619008f7525": "origin", "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Abu", "572683f95951b619008f7527": "the polymath Shen", "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 981\u20131037) proposed detailed", "572683f95951b619008f7529": "the geology of India, hypothesizing", "57268527708984140094c8bf": "the bottom of the sea, which in turn were raised up to become dry land. Hutton published a two", "57268527708984140094c8c0": "Theory", "57268527708984140094c8c1": "two", "57268527708984140094c8c2": "Theory", "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "William", "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "William", "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "William", "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "William", "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "William", "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "his famous book, Principles of Geology", "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism. This theory", "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism", "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "the thought of Charles Darwin", "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "the surrounding area is Geord", "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "the northern bank of the River Tyne, 8", "5726642f5951b619008f7159": "Eurocities", "5726642f5951b619008f715a": "the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it became a county itself, a status it retained until becoming part of Tyne and Wear in 1974", "5726642f5951b619008f715b": "the surrounding area is Geordie", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "1080", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": "the world's largest shipbuilding and ship-repairing centres. Newcastle", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": "the world's largest shipbuilding and ship-repairing centres. Newcastle", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": "16", "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": "the world's most popular half marathon, the Great North", "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "the 2nd century AD. This rare honour suggests that Hadrian", "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "the 2nd century AD. This rare honour suggests that Hadrian", "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": "2", "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "Hadrian's Wall are still visible in parts of Newcastle", "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "the north", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": "the 13th century, to defend it from invaders during the Border war against Scotland. The Scots king William the Lion was imprisoned in Newcastle", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": "the Middle Ages, Newcastle was England's northern fortress. Incorporated first by Henry II, the city had a new charter granted by Elizabeth", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": "25", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": "the 13th century, to defend it from invaders during the Border war against Scotland. The Scots king William", "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": "three", "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "the 18th century American Timothy Dexter, an entrepreneur, widely regarded as an eccentric, defied this idiom. He was persuaded to sail a shipment", "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "the coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as the Hostmen", "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "the 18th century American Timothy Dexter, an entrepreneur, widely regarded as an eccentric, defied this idiom. He was persuaded to sail a shipment", "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "the 18th century American Timothy Dexter, an entrepreneur", "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": "the 18th century American Timothy Dexter, an entrepreneur, widely regarded as an eccentric, defied this idiom. He was persuaded to sail a shipment", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "community", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": "the 1630s about 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": "the 1630s about 7", "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": "the 16", "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "the 16", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": "the English Civil War, the North", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "the English Civil War, the North declared for the King. In a bid to gain Newcastle and the Tyne, Cromwell's allies, the Scots", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "44", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "the town of Newburn. In 1644 the Scots then captured the reinforced fortification on the Lawe in South Shields following a siege. In 16", "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "the town. Charles", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": "the city, was the first public road in the world to be lit up by the incandescent lightbulb. Newcastle", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": "the city, was the first public road in the world to be lit up by the incandescent lightbulb. Newcastle", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": "the first cities in the world to be lit up by electric lighting. Innovations", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "the world to be lit up by the incandescent lightbulb. Newcastle", "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": "the world to be lit up by the incandescent lightbulb. Newcastle", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": "the 14th century, remain intact in places. Close, Sandhill and Quayside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": "the 14th century, remain intact in places. Close, Sandhill and Quayside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": "airs", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "the 14th century, remain intact in places. Close, Sandhill and Quayside", "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "16", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": "the 1830s by Richard Grainger and John Dobson, and recently extensively restored. Broadcaster and writer Stuart Maconie described Newcastle", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "John Dobson", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": "Nikolaus Pevsner, describes Grey Street", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": "1960s", "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "the 1960s to make way for the Eldon Square Shopping", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "the Town Moor", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "the city", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "the city have the right to graze cattle on it. The right incidentally extends to the pitch of St. James' Park, Newcastle", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": "June", "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "Bob Geldof", "57267076708984140094c601": "the North-East. The River Tyne had the temporary Bambuco Bridge in 2008", "57267076708984140094c602": "the Gateshead Millennium Bridge was commissioned by Gateshead Council", "57267076708984140094c603": "Norman Foster", "57267076708984140094c604": "New", "57267076708984140094c605": "2008", "572671165951b619008f72b7": "the city centre including Grainger Market", "572671165951b619008f72b8": "Richard Grainger, a builder and developer, between 1835 and 1842", "572671165951b619008f72b9": "the city centre including Grainger Market, Theatre Royal, Grey Street, Grainger Street and Clayton Street. These buildings are predominantly four", "572671165951b619008f72ba": "244", "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "the Butcher Market. The Grainger Market", "572671e55951b619008f72d8": "The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835", "572671e55951b619008f72d9": "the largest and most beautiful markets in Europe. The opening was celebrated with a grand dinner attended by 2000", "572671e55951b619008f72da": "The Grainger Market itself, was opened in 1835", "572671e55951b619008f72db": "I in 1954 by English Heritage", "57267383dd62a815002e8552": "the UK. Temperature extremes recorded at Newcastle Weather Centre include 32", "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "the UK. Temperature extremes recorded at Newcastle Weather Centre include 32", "57267383dd62a815002e8554": "the UK. Temperature extremes recorded at Newcastle Weather Centre include 32", "57267383dd62a815002e8555": "the UK. Temperature extremes recorded at Newcastle Weather Centre include 32", "57267383dd62a815002e8556": "the remainder of the British Isles", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": "2010", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": "February", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": "February", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "February", "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": "March 2007", "5726769c708984140094c711": "the United Kingdom is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle", "5726769c708984140094c712": "the United Kingdom is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle", "5726769c708984140094c713": "The largest Tesco", "5726769c708984140094c714": "the United Kingdom is located in Kingston Park on the edge of Newcastle. Close to Newcastle, the largest indoor shopping centre in Europe, the MetroCentre", "5726769c708984140094c715": "the edge of Newcastle. Close to Newcastle, the largest indoor shopping centre in Europe, the MetroCentre, is located in Gateshead", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": "the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": "the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside", "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "the possibilities of high density", "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": "the 2010 Census", "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": "the local authorities: Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "a similar rise in flats and waterside apartments to 25.6%, and the proportion of converted or shared houses in 2011 renders this dwelling type", "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "the local authorities: Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "the local authorities: Harrogate, Cheltenham, Bath, inner London, Hastings, Brighton and Tunbridge Wells", "572679c35951b619008f73db": "the Office for National Statistics", "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "the metropolitan borough of Newcastle", "572679c35951b619008f73dd": "the Office for National Statistics", "572679c35951b619008f73de": "the Office for National Statistics", "572679c35951b619008f73df": "Newcastle", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": "the same statistics, the average age of people living in Newcastle", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "the city have Scottish", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": "the same statistics, the average age of people living in Newcastle", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": "500 and 2", "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": "500 and 2", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": "ie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": "the United Kingdom. The Geordie dialect has much of its origins in the language spoken by the Anglo-Saxon", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "the end of Roman Imperial rule. This language was the forerunner of Modern English", "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "the United Kingdom. The Geordie", "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "the United Kingdom. The Geordie", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": "examples of Geordie words with origins in Scandinavia", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "the Northern United Kingdom", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "Newcastle", "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "Many words, however, appear to be used exclusively in Newcastle", "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": "the Northern United Kingdom", "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "February", "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "a report, published in early February", "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "the whole of the UK, with an average level of 80", "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": "the city's residents. The report was criticized, however, for attaching too much weight to readings at arbitrarily selected locations, which in Newcastle", "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "the city's residents. The report was criticized, however, for attaching too much weight to readings at arbitrarily selected locations", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": "the city centre. There are many bars on the Bigg Market, and other popular areas for nightlife are Collingwood Street", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "the city centre, a new indoor complex consisting of bars, upmarket clubs, restaurants and a 12-screen Empire multiplex cinema. Newcastle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": "12", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "the city centre, a new indoor complex consisting of bars, upmarket clubs, restaurants and a 12-screen Empire multiplex cinema. Newcastle", "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": "the city centre, a new indoor complex consisting of bars, upmarket clubs, restaurants and a 12-screen Empire multiplex cinema. Newcastle", "57267f695951b619008f74bd": "the theatre through many celebrated seasons. The original Theatre Royal in Newcastle", "57267f695951b619008f74be": "Stephen", "57267f695951b619008f74bf": "Stephen Kemble guided the theatre through many celebrated seasons", "57267f695951b619008f74c0": "21 January 1788", "57267f695951b619008f74c1": "Newcastle", "5726800add62a815002e8750": "the city", "5726800add62a815002e8751": "The largest", "5726800add62a815002e8752": "Royal Shakespeare Company", "5726800add62a815002e8753": "The Mill Volvo Tyne Theatre hosts smaller touring productions, whilst other venues feature local talent", "5726800add62a815002e8754": "the city include the Live Theatre, the People's Theatre and the Jubilee Theatre. NewcastleGateshead was voted in 2006 as the arts capital", "572680865951b619008f74e7": "the first public building to be lit by electric light, during a lecture by Joseph Swan", "572680865951b619008f74e8": "8000", "572680865951b619008f74e9": "The Literary and Philosophical Society", "572680865951b619008f74ea": "1880", "572680865951b619008f74eb": "1880", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": "April", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "May", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "The biennial AV Festival of international electronic art, featuring exhibitions, concerts, conferences and film screenings, is held in March", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "June", "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "EAT! NewcastleGateshead, a festival of food and drink, runs for 2 weeks each year in mid June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "the early 1880s and coincides with the annual race week at High Gosforth Park. Newcastle", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "the early 1880s and coincides with the annual race week at High Gosforth Park. Newcastle", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": "Movement", "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "June", "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "The Northern", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": "Newcastle", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": "September", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "the public with an opportunity to see work by regional, national and international designers. The SAMA Festival", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "October", "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": "the public with an", "5726847f708984140094c8ab": "the first folk metal band, also formed in Newcastle", "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "1971", "5726847f708984140094c8ad": "the first folk metal band, also formed in Newcastle", "5726847f708984140094c8ae": "the lead vocalist of AC/DC", "5726847f708984140094c8af": "1961", "57268525dd62a815002e8806": "November 2006 and May 2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8807": "2008", "57268525dd62a815002e8808": "three", "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "May 2008 the Tyneside Cinema reopened in the restored and refurbished original building. The site currently houses three cinemas, including the restored Classic", "57268525dd62a815002e880a": "May 2008 the Tyneside Cinema", "57268692dd62a815002e8826": "the Centre for Life with its Science Village", "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "the world and Northern England", "57268692dd62a815002e8828": "the world and Northern England", "57268692dd62a815002e8829": "2009", "57268692dd62a815002e882a": "Seven Stories", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "the city is On the Night of the Fire (1939", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": "The 1971", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": "1988", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": "1988", "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": "1988", "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": "the history of the British Basketball League (BBL). The city's speedway team Newcastle Diamonds are based at Brough Park in By", "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": "the Newcastle Eagles", "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": "Newcastle Diamonds", "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "the history of the British Basketball League (BBL). The city's speedway team Newcastle Diamonds are based at Brough Park in By", "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "the coast at South Shields. Another famous athletic event is the 5.9-mile (9.5 km) Bl", "57268885dd62a815002e886a": "New", "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "New", "57268885dd62a815002e886c": "the northern outskirts of the city near Pont", "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "the city via the Metro Light Rail system and a journey into Newcastle city centre takes approximately 20 minutes. The airport handles over five", "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "90", "572689385951b619008f761b": "the UK. Opened in 1850 by Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761c": "six", "572689385951b619008f761d": "1850", "572689385951b619008f761e": "the UK. Opened in 1850 by Queen Victoria", "572689385951b619008f761f": "the UK. Opened in 1850 by Queen Victoria", "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "the Midlands and the South West. First TransPennine Express", "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": "the Midlands and the South West. First TransPennine", "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": "Edinburgh", "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": "the Midlands", "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": "the Midlands and the South West. First TransPennine Express operates services to Manchester and Liverpool. Northern", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": "the Tyne and Wear Metro", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": "five", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": "Newcastle", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": "A bridge was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle and Gateshead, and opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1981", "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": ", with deep-level tunnels constructed through Newcastle city centre. A bridge was built across the Tyne, between Newcastle", "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "the system. Proposed routes include to Newcastle's west end, to the Cobalt business park in North Tyneside", "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "part of the transition to smart ticketing", "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "the transition to smart ticketing. All Metro trains are being completely refurbished and most stations are undergoing improvement works", "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "the system. Proposed routes include to Newcastle's west end, to the Cobalt business park in North Tyneside", "57268bb25951b619008f7649": "the system. Proposed routes include to Newcastle's west end, to the Cobalt business park in North Tyneside", "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "the area include the A1", "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": "A69", "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "A167, the old \"Great North", "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "the east coast between Tynemouth", "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "November", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "the city; Arriva North East, Go North East", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "two", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": "Stagecoach", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "coordinated", "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": "the city; Arriva North East, Go North East", "57269120708984140094ca59": "1998", "57269120708984140094ca5a": "the usage of cycling", "57269120708984140094ca5b": "the National Cycling strategy, Newcastle first developed its cycling strategy in 1998", "57269120708984140094ca5c": "innovating and implementing contraflows", "57269120708984140094ca5d": "the number of cycle parking facilities; working with employers to integrate cycling into workplace travel plans; link the local networks to national networks", "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "the end of October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f771f": "the end of October 2006", "5726934f5951b619008f7720": "2008", "5726934f5951b619008f7721": "summer 2007", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": "eleven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": "seven", "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "Royal Grammar School", "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": "Newcastle", "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": "St Cuthbert's High School", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": "two", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": "Newcastle", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "2000", "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "1992", "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": "the UK), by the IT industry magazine Computing", "572699b55951b619008f778f": "three", "572699b55951b619008f7790": "74", "572699b55951b619008f7791": "the Coptic", "572699b55951b619008f7792": "the city centre is the Church of St Thomas", "572699b55951b619008f7793": "1882", "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "the 12", "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "26", "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "the 12th Century and the last addition to it, apart from the vestries, was the main porch in 1726", "57269b165951b619008f77b6": "the 12", "57269b165951b619008f77b7": "The church tower received a battering during the Siege of Newcastle", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": "the city on Barrack Road, Spital Tong", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "2005", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": "1980", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "the city on Barrack Road, Spital Tongues", "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": "Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "June 2007", "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "Newcastle", "57269d745951b619008f77d9": "the city's universities, broadcasting from Newcastle University's student's union building during term time. Radio Tyneside", "57269d745951b619008f77da": "Radio", "57269d745951b619008f77db": "the area. Newcastle", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": "the 18th century, was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1709 and died there in 1770", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Archbishop of Westminster", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "the 18th century, was born in Newcastle", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "the 18th century, was born in Newcastle", "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "the 18th century, was born in Newcastle", "57269fab5951b619008f7807": "the city. John Dunn", "57269fab5951b619008f7808": "Michael", "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "Nobel", "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "John Dunn", "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "Neville", "5726710b708984140094c61d": "the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 4.5 million objects. It was founded in 1852", "5726710b708984140094c61e": "the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 4", "5726710b708984140094c61f": "1852", "5726710b708984140094c620": "Queen Victoria", "572680ac708984140094c83d": "the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea", "572680ac708984140094c83e": "1852", "572680ac708984140094c83f": "the world's largest museum of decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 4.5 million objects. It was founded in 1852", "572680ac708984140094c840": "Department", "572680ac708984140094c841": "2001", "57268294708984140094c877": "12", "57268294708984140094c878": "145", "57268294708984140094c879": "5", "57268294708984140094c87a": "the world's largest collection of post-classical sculpture, with the holdings of Italian Renaissance items being the largest outside Italy. The departments of Asia", "57268294708984140094c87b": "the world's largest collection of post-classical", "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "1851", "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "Henry Cole", "572685cd5951b619008f7575": "May 1852", "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "May 1852", "572685cd5951b619008f7577": "1855", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": "June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": "June", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": "George Wallis (1811\u20131891), the first Keeper of Fine", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "June 1857", "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": "1949", "57268f2c708984140094ca25": "the return of the collections after the war, the Britain Can Make It exhibition was held between September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca26": "the return of the collections after the war, the Britain Can Make It exhibition was held between September and November 1946", "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "the planning of the Festival of Britain (1951). By 1948", "57268f2c708984140094ca28": "success of this exhibition led to the planning of the Festival of Britain (1951", "57268f2c708984140094ca29": "1948", "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6e": "the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert", "572691d7708984140094ca6f": "the lineage of mediaeval music and instrumentation and related how those contributed to contemporary music 500 years later. This innovative", "572691d7708984140094ca70": "the first museum in Britain to present a rock concert. The V&A presented a combined concert", "57269656708984140094cafd": "the Scottish Government with a view to opening a new \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee", "57269656708984140094cafe": "The V&A Dundee", "57269656708984140094caff": "The V&A Dundee", "57269656708984140094cb00": "The V&A Dundee", "57269656708984140094cb01": "The V&A Dundee", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": "May 1852", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": "1857", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "the same architect, the Turner and Vernon galleries built 1858", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": "June 1862", "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "1862", "57269c06708984140094cba1": "the east of this were additional galleries, the decoration of which was the work of another designer Owen Jones", "57269c06708984140094cba2": "Italian Renaissance", "57269c06708984140094cba3": "the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors", "57269c06708984140094cba4": "Isaac", "57269c06708984140094cba5": "the north range was designed and built in 1864\u201369. The style adopted for this part of the museum was Italian Renaissance", "57269d68708984140094cbd7": "the three refreshment rooms were assigned to different designers. The Green Dining Room 1866", "57269d68708984140094cbd8": "Edward", "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "the three refreshment rooms were assigned to different designers. The Green Dining Room 1866\u201368", "57269d68708984140094cbda": "Alfred Stevens", "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Room 1876", "5726a0205951b619008f781b": "the museum was Colonel (later Major General) Henry Young Darracott Scott", "5726a0205951b619008f781c": "72", "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "J.W. Wild designed the impressive staircase", "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "1867\u201372", "5726a0205951b619008f781f": "2008", "5726a2445951b619008f7861": "the museum designed by Scott", "5726a2445951b619008f7862": "the museum designed by Scott", "5726a2445951b619008f7863": "Scott also designed the two Cast Courts", "5726a2445951b619008f7864": "the museum designed by Scott was the Art Library and what is now the sculpture gallery", "5726a2445951b619008f7865": "the museum designed by Scott", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": "1891", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "1891 to extend the museum. Construction", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "720", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "a statue of fame, a feature of late Gothic architecture and a feature common in Scotland", "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "the main entrance has an open work crown surmounted by a statue of fame", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": "Alfred Drury. These fa\u00e7ades surround four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "four", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": "marble", "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "Queen Victoria", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": "1966", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": "1974", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": "the site of the former boiler house, the intended site of the Spiral, between 1978 and 1982", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": "the site of the former boiler house, the intended site of the Spiral, between 1978 and 1982", "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "the site of the former boiler house, the intended site of the Spiral, between 1978 and 1982", "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": "2002", "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "the sculpture gallery", "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "2002", "5726afeb708984140094cdda": "2004", "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "2002", "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": "2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": "the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": "elliptical", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "the edge which may be drained to use the area for receptions, gatherings", "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": "an", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "the opening of the new gallery, the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": "2004", "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "the opening of the new gallery, the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": "Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhat", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "330 drawings by Andrea Palladio", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhat", "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": "the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhat", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": "the gallery of Northumberland house. European examples include a dormer window dated 1523\u201335 from the chateau of Montal", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "the Great Fire of London", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": "Sir Paul Pindar's house dated c1600", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": "the gallery of Northumberland house. European examples include a dormer window dated 15", "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "the chateau of Montal", "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "the early 20th century. The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art, opened in 2006, houses a representative display of 400", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": "2006", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "the Ardabil Carpet", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": "the early 20th century. The Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art, opened in 2006, houses a representative display of 400", "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": "1909", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "The Museum's collections of South and South-East Asian art are the most comprehensive and important in the West comprising nearly", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": "10,000 textiles", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "the collection is immense. The Jawaharlal Nehru", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": "1991", "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": "1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "the countries of East Asia: China, Japan", "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "the countries of East Asia: China, Japan", "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": "The T. T. Tsui Gallery", "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": "1991", "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "the present day. Though the majority of art works on display date from the Ming", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": "1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": "1986", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": "sculpture", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "15", "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "Suzuki", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": "the 14", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "the influence of India; items on show include betel-nut cutters, ivory combs and bronze palanquin", "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "the 14th to the 19th century is represented by notable 14th- and 15th-century religious images", "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": "the influence of India; items on show include betel-nut cutters, ivory combs", "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": "the influence of India; items on show include betel-nut cutters, ivory", "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "Leonardo da Vinci", "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "Forster I, Forster II", "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "1869", "5726c9a4708984140094d172": "1869", "5726c9a4708984140094d173": "1876", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": "Charles Dickens", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "Charles Dickens", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "the 12th to 16", "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "the 12th to 16th centuries include: the Eadwine Psalter[citation needed], Canterbury; Pocket Book of Hours, Reims", "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": "the 12th to 16th centuries include: the Eadwine Psalter[citation needed], Canterbury; Pocket Book of Hours, Reims", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": "the 1990s, but those electronic files were not available to the library users. All of the archival material at the National", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": "the 1980s", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": "the 1990s, but those electronic files were not available to the library users. All of the archival material at the National Art Library is using Enc", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "The Victoria", "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum web-site called \"Search", "5726cfa3708984140094d209": "2007", "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "the world, to digitize their collection. A large scale digitization", "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": "Andy Warhol", "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": "the world, to digitize their collection. A large scale digitization", "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": "the world, to digitize their collection. A large scale digitization", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": "purchased", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": "the Gothic Revival), William Thomas Beckford and Thomas Hope", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": "the Gothic Revival), William Thomas Beckford and Thomas Hope", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": "Hor", "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": "imports from Asia", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": "the founding of the V&", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "the later 19th century, the increasing backlash against industrialization, led by John Ruskin, contributed to the Arts and Crafts", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": "the later 19th century, the increasing backlash against industrialization, led by John Ruskin, contributed to the Arts and Crafts movement", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "Eleanor Coade. In the Victorian era new technology", "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "the later 19th century, the increasing backlash against industrialization", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": "the most dramatic parts of the museum is the Cast Courts", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": "a full-scale replica of Trajan's Column, cut in half", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": "the ceiling. The other includes reproductions of various works of Italian Renaissance sculpture and architecture, including a full-size replica of Michelangelo's David", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": "the most dramatic parts of the museum is the Cast Courts in the sculpture wing, comprising two", "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "the most dramatic parts of the museum is the Cast Courts", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": "31", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": "Frederick II", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": "62", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": "1909", "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": "1909", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": "the 16", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": "the 16", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": "the 16", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": "the 16", "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": "the 16", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": "the 19th century: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Edward Burne-Jones and William", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": "the 19th century: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Edward Burne-Jones and William", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": "the 19th century: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Edward Burne-Jones and William", "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": "Louis Comfort Tiffany", "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": "Louis Comfort Tiffany", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": "1994", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": "1994", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": "2004", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": "the most spectacular items in the collection is the chandelier by Dale Chihuly", "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": "the 12", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": ", John Martin, Samuel Palmer, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, Lord Frederic Leighton", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": "2", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": ", John Martin, Samuel Palmer, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, Lord Frederic Leighton", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": ", John Martin, Samuel Palmer, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, Lord Frederic Leighton", "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": ", David Wilkie, John Martin, Samuel Palmer, Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, Lord Frederic", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "the present. Costume sketches, design notebooks, and other works on paper are typically held by the Word and Image", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": "the present. Costume sketches, design notebooks, and other works", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "the present. Costume sketches, design notebooks, and other works on paper are typically held by the Word and Image", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": "1913", "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "1913", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "2002", "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": "the collection include Coco Chanel, Hubert de Givenchy, Christian Dior", "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": "the 1960s. In 1986", "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": "1859", "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "82", "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1882", "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "82", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": "1580", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": "the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": "the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated c1750", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": "the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated c1750 from Germany", "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau", "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "the Middle Ages to the early 19th century. A new jewellery gallery, funded by William and Judith Bollinger, opened on 24 May 2008", "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "the finest and most comprehensive collections of jewellery in the world and includes works dating from Ancient Egypt", "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": "1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": "1869", "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": "May 2008", "5726ee28708984140094d656": "the Hereford Screen, weighing nearly 8 tonnes, 10.5 metres high and 11 metres wide, designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott", "5726ee28708984140094d657": "96", "5726ee28708984140094d658": "8", "5726ee28708984140094d659": "George Gilbert Scott", "5726ee28708984140094d655": "the early 20th century. The master of wrought ironwork Jean Tij", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": "the rarest items in the collection is the 58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick, dated to c11", "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": "the rarest items in the collection is the 58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "the Becket Casket dated c1180", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "80", "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": "the Becket Casket dated c1180 to contain relics of St Thomas Becket, made from gilt copper", "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "February", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": "Musical Instruments gallery closed 25 February", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "the future of the collection. The answer, from Bryan Davies", "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": "the public, with items being redistributed to the British Galleries, the Medieval & Renaissance Galleries, and the planned new galleries for Furniture and Europe", "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "February", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": "the Gospels", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "the Gospels", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": "the Gospels", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "the Queen Elizabeth II", "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": "the collection is the Spanish tempera on wood, 670 x 486 cm, retable of St George, c. 1400", "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": "1888", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": "1857", "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "1857", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": "1888", "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "William", "5726f755708984140094d737": "1882", "5726f755708984140094d738": "1882", "5726f755708984140094d739": "260", "5726f755708984140094d73a": "Fran\u00e7ois", "5726f90b708984140094d75d": "the more unusual collections is that of Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of Animal Locomotion", "5726f90b708984140094d75e": "Locomotion of 1887", "5726f90b708984140094d75f": "Loc", "5726f90b708984140094d760": "Loc", "5726f90b708984140094d761": "the late 19th to early 20th centuries and portraying a wide range of society figures", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": "22", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "the world. There are approximately 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400", "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": "the world. There are approximately 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": "National Galleries of Scotland", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Neptune and Triton c. 1622", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "the collection. The largest item from Italy", "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "the collection. The largest item from Italy", "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "the collection. The largest item from Italy", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "20", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": "1914", "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": "1914", "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": "the collection include Nicholas Stone, Caius Gabriel Cibber, Grinling Gibbons", "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "the collection include Nicholas Stone, Caius Gabriel Cibber, Grinling Gibbons", "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "the collection include Nicholas Stone, Caius Gabriel Cibber, Grinling Gibbons", "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": ", Sir Francis Chantrey, John Gibson, Edward Hodges Baily, Lord Leighton", "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": "the opening of the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries in 2006", "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": "the opening of the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries in 2006 it was decided to extend the chronology of the works on display up to 1950", "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": "the opening of the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries in 2006 it was decided to extend the chronology of the works on display up to 1950", "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": "Moore", "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": "the chronology of the works on display up to 1950; this has involved loans by other museums, including Tate Britain, so works by Henry Moore", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "the present, this is the largest such collection in the world. Techniques represented include weaving, printing, quilting embroidery", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": "the present, this is the largest such collection in the world. Techniques represented include weaving, printing, quilting embroidery", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "the present, this is the largest such collection in the world. Techniques represented include weaving, printing, quilting embroidery", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "the present, this is the largest such collection in the world. Techniques represented include weaving, printing, quilting embroidery", "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": "the world. Techniques represented include weaving, printing, quilting embroidery, lace, tapestry and carpets. These are classified", "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "the 1750s. Other continental centres of tapestry weaving with work in the collection include Brussels, Tournai, Beauvais", "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": "four", "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "four", "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": "four", "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "John", "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": "the earliest surviving examples of European quilting, the late 14th-century Sicilian Tristan Quilt", "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": "William Morris, including, embroidery, woven fabrics, tapestries (Including 'The Forest' tapestry of 1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": "1887", "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": "William", "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": "William", "57270817708984140094d8c7": "Museum", "57270817708984140094d8c8": "March 2009", "57270817708984140094d8c9": "the UK since Shakespeare", "57270817708984140094d8ca": "the UK since Shakespeare", "57270817708984140094d8cb": "the UK since Shakespeare", "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "Cons", "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "-term preservation of the collections, and covers all the collections held by the V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "Inter", "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "-term preservation of the collections, and covers all the collections held by the V&A and the V&A Museum of Childhood", "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "the handling", "57267b755951b619008f7433": "the Big Three television networks", "57267b755951b619008f7434": "1957", "57267b755951b619008f7435": "American Broadcasting Company", "57267b755951b619008f7436": "the Big Three television networks. The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", "57267b755951b619008f7437": "division", "57267ca75951b619008f7469": "October 12, 1943", "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "the 1980s, after purchasing an 80% interest in cable sports channel ESPN, the network's parent merged with Capital Cities Communications", "57267ca75951b619008f746b": "1948", "57267ca75951b619008f746c": "the 1980", "57267ca75951b619008f746d": "the 1980s, after purchasing an 80% interest in cable sports channel ESPN, the network's parent merged with Capital Cities Communications", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": "the United States and its territories. Most Canadians have access to at least one U.S.-", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": "2007", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": "eight", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission", "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": "the United States and its territories. Most Canadians have access to at least one U.S.-based ABC", "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": "the United States was dominated by three companies: the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company", "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "two", "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": "the United States was dominated by three companies: the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company", "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": "The NBC Blue Network", "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "The NBC Blue Network was created in 1927", "572681ab708984140094c85d": "1934", "572681ab708984140094c85e": "1938", "572681ab708984140094c85f": "1940", "572681ab708984140094c860": "the FCC, RCA", "572681ab708984140094c861": "the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": "an independent subsidiary, formally divorcing the operations of NBC Red and NBC Blue on January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": "1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": "an independent subsidiary, formally divorcing the operations of NBC Red and NBC Blue on January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": "January 8, 1942", "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": "an independent subsidiary, formally divorcing the operations of NBC Red and NBC Blue on January 8, 1942", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "Life Savers", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "the FCC's approval. The Commission authorized the transaction on October 12", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "1944", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "American Broadcasting System", "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "June 30, 1951", "57268739708984140094c8ed": "The network", "57268739708984140094c8ee": "Paul Whit", "57268739708984140094c8ef": "Sherlock Holmes", "57268739708984140094c8f0": "Bing", "57268739708984140094c8f1": "continuing NBC Blue's traditions of public service", "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "June", "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": "2004", "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": "2004", "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": "2004", "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": "the United States", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": "1959", "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "the 1970s", "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "Japan", "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "the 1970s", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "June", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "the mid-1960s", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "two", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "June", "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": "June", "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": "2000", "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "-year basis), American Music Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "1965", "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "-year basis), American Music Awards", "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "-year basis), American Music Awards", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "1974", "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": "cable channel TLC", "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": "General Hospital", "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": "1975", "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": "the last nine years of the Procter & Gamble-produced soap The Edge of Night, following its cancellation by CBS in 1975", "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": "The View", "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": "the history of the ABC television network, having aired since 1963", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": "the summer, ABC", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": "2006", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "4", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": "2", "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "the summer, ABC airs ESPN-produced highlight compilation programs", "5726e860708984140094d579": "Frank Marx, then ABC", "5726e860708984140094d57a": "VHF channel 7", "5726e860708984140094d57b": "five", "5726e860708984140094d57c": "five", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": "the time, the DuMont Television Network. Before the freeze ended in 1952", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "two", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": "the time, the DuMont Television Network", "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": "fall of 1949, ABC found itself in the position of an outsider, with less coverage than two", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": "the end of 1949", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": "the end of 1949", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": "nine", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": "rumor", "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": "the Prudential Insurance Company of America", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": "the very least. Goldenson and Noble reached a tentative agreement in the late spring of 1951", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": "William S. Paley", "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": "June", "5726ed12708984140094d645": "1952", "5726ed12708984140094d646": "February", "5726ed12708984140094d647": "February", "5726ed12708984140094d648": "February", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "August 10, 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": "October 1948", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": "Hollywood", "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "Hollywood", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": "September", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": "the network's gradual transition to color. On September 30, 1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": "1960", "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "1960", "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": "1959", "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": "NBC", "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": "1961", "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": "1985", "572734af708984140094dae3": "2000, ABC launched a web-based promotional campaign focused around its circle logo", "572734af708984140094dae4": "the Troika Design Group", "572734af708984140094dae5": "02", "572734af708984140094dae6": "2000", "572735a15951b619008f86bf": "1998", "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "four", "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "four", "572735a15951b619008f86c2": "four", "572736625951b619008f86d1": "the beginning of an act or segment, before appearing throughout programs (except during commercial breaks) beginning in the 1995", "572736625951b619008f86d2": "1995", "572736625951b619008f86d3": "1983", "572736625951b619008f86d4": "1983", "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": "the first ABC identification card to have a three-dimensional", "572736fc5951b619008f86da": "a 1977 ID sequence that featured a bubble on a black", "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "the \"ABC Circle\" logo's many variants was a 1977", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": "1962", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": "the start of the 1963\u201364 season. The letters are strongly reminiscent of the Bauhaus type", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": "the start of the 1963\u201364 season. The letters are strongly reminiscent of the Bauhaus typeface designed by Herbert Bayer", "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1962", "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": "rumors circulated that Disney\u2013ABC was considering a sale of ABC Radio", "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": "October 19, 2005", "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": "October 19, 2005, ABC announced the restructuring of the group into six", "57273954708984140094db05": "2004", "57273954708984140094db06": "2004", "57273954708984140094db07": "April 21, 2004", "57273954708984140094db08": "December 7, 2005, ABC Sports and ESPN signed an eight-year broadcast rights agreement with NASCAR", "57273a0d708984140094db0d": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db0e": "Chairman", "57273a0d708984140094db0f": "2002", "57273a0d708984140094db10": "2002", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": "four", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": "April", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "the afternoon of May 2. ABC", "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": "the afternoon of May 2", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": "2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": "September 2000", "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": "CBS", "57273c195951b619008f8721": "August", "57273c195951b619008f8722": "the network's primetime lineup after three years in 2002", "57273c195951b619008f8723": "September", "57273c195951b619008f8724": "2002", "57273d19708984140094db3d": "1995", "57273d19708984140094db3e": "February", "57273d19708984140094db3f": "April 4, Disney sold the four", "57273d19708984140094db40": "Thomas S. Murphy left ABC with Robert Iger taking his place as president and CEO", "57273d19708984140094db41": "1998", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": "1965\u201366", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": "the network's financial problems; in 1964", "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": "1991", "57273ef15951b619008f8751": "May 1, 1953", "57273ef15951b619008f8752": "May 1, 1953, ABC's New York City", "57273ef15951b619008f8753": "Baltimore", "57273f9d708984140094db51": "Robert", "57273f9d708984140094db52": "UPT and the DuMont Television Network", "57273f9d708984140094db53": "1954", "57273f9d708984140094db54": "1954", "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": "the same title, and The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, the latter of which (at 13 seasons, running from 1952", "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": "The Lone Ranger", "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": "the same title, and The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, the latter of which (at 13 seasons, running from 1952", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": "the network's bond with the Disney studio, James Lewis Baugh", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": "1954", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": "the start of the network's bond with the Disney studio, James Lewis Baugh", "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": "the network's bond with the Disney studio, James Lewis Baugh", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": "the end of 1953 for ABC to agree to finance part of the Disneyland project in exchange for producing a television program", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": "the end of 1953 for ABC to agree to finance part of the Disneyland project in exchange for producing a television program", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": "1954", "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": "October 27, 1954", "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": "July 1968", "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": "July 1968", "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "LOVE Radio\", which featured a limited selection of music genres, was launched on ABC's seven owned-and-operated FM stations in late November 1968", "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": "seven", "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": "September", "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": "the early 1960s. The Movie", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "The Movie", "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": "the early 1960s. The Movie", "572743fb708984140094db93": "early 1970s", "572743fb708984140094db94": "the early 1970s", "572743fb708984140094db95": "the fact that several smaller markets had grown large enough to allow full-time affiliations from all three networks", "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": "the network and served as the National Football League", "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": "Sunday Night", "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": "2006", "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "Monday Night Football helped earn ABC regularly score an audience share of 15", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": "1972", "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": "1972", "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "1972", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": "April 1970", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": "1971", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": "1974", "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": "1972", "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": "1966", "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": "Happy Days", "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": "1976", "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": "1976", "572748745951b619008f87b1": "the spring of 1975, Fred Pierce, the newly appointed president of ABC Television, convinced Fred Silverman to become the first president and director of programming", "572748745951b619008f87b2": "the spring of 1975", "572748745951b619008f87b3": "In 1974", "572748745951b619008f87b4": "November", "5727492f708984140094dbb5": "1978", "5727492f708984140094dbb6": "Laverne & Shirley, which debuted in 1976", "5727492f708984140094dbb7": "Charlie", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": "January", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": "the first time in the 1976", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": "nine", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "the first time in the 1976", "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": "September", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "In 1977", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": "1977", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "June 1979", "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "June 1979", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "June 1978", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "June 1978", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "Barbara Walters", "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "February", "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "24-hour news channel called ABC Cable News", "57274cac708984140094dbde": "2004", "57274cac708984140094dbdf": "August 29, 1994", "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "August 29, 1994", "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "Writers Guild of America", "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "the network's strike-replacement programs during that time was the game show Duel, which premiered in December", "57274d905951b619008f87e3": "August", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "early", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": "early 2009", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": "April 2, 2009, Citadel Communications", "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": "iTunes", "57274f07708984140094dbed": "2004", "57274f07708984140094dbee": "2004", "57274f07708984140094dbef": "Ugly Betty collapsed dramatically after it was moved to Fridays at the start of its fourth", "57274f07708984140094dbf0": "Wednesdays", "5727504b5951b619008f881d": "1970", "5727504b5951b619008f881e": "two", "5727504b5951b619008f881f": "two companies: Worldvision Enterprises as a syndication distributor, and ABC Circle Films", "5727504b5951b619008f8820": "Turner", "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": ", and ABC News productions), although Disney\u2013ABC Domestic Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": ", and ABC News productions), although Disney\u2013ABC Domestic Television (formerly known as Buena Vista Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": ", while Disney\u2013ABC International Television (formerly known as Buena Vista International Television", "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "the network acquired some years back, and the in-house productions it continues to produce (such as America's Funniest Home Videos", "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "the network's programming. As of March 2015[update], ABC has eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": "eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": "the network's programming. As of March 2015[update], ABC has eight", "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": "the network's programming. As of March 2015[update], ABC has eight", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": "1946", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "the seal of the Federal Communications Commission", "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "1957", "57275573708984140094dc45": "2011", "57275573708984140094dc46": "Extreme Makeover: Home Edition became the only remaining program on the network's schedule that was broadcast in 4", "57275573708984140094dc47": "January 2012", "57275573708984140094dc48": "September 2011", "57275650708984140094dc5f": "720", "57275650708984140094dc60": "16", "57275650708984140094dc61": "11", "57275650708984140094dc62": "The Walt Disney Company", "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": ", with the midseason forensic investigation drama Body of Proof being the only one that was renewed for a second", "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": ", with only late-season premiere Happy Endings earning a second", "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "NBC", "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": ", with only late-season premiere Happy Endings earning a second season. Meanwhile, the new lows hit by Brothers & Sisters led to its cancellation", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "April", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": "April 14, 2011", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": "2013", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": "the process of reviving the shows, failure to pay licensing fees and issues over ABC's use of certain characters from One Live to Live on General Hospital", "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": "the process of reviving the shows, failure to pay licensing fees and issues over ABC's use of certain characters from One Live to Live on General Hospital", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": "the first time since 2004", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": "the first time since 2004, and in second", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "the first time since 2004", "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": "the first time since 2004", "57275a505951b619008f889f": "Modern Family", "57275a505951b619008f88a0": "the spring of 2010", "57275a505951b619008f88a1": "the spring of 2010", "57275a505951b619008f88a2": "the network's Friday night schedule, gradually helping make ABC a strong competitor (after being paired with 20/20 and beginning with the 2012", "57275bfb708984140094dc97": "February", "57275bfb708984140094dc98": "February 1994", "57275bfb708984140094dc99": "September 1994", "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": "the decade); lasting ten seasons, the drama became known for its boundary pushing of network television standards (particularly its occasional use of graphic language and rear nudity", "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": "the decade); lasting ten", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": "1993", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": "DIC", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": "Time Warner", "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": "the limit of 25", "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "May 1960", "57275e125951b619008f88d8": "May 9, 1960", "57275e125951b619008f88d9": "John Bassett, who was trying to establish a television station in Toronto", "57275e125951b619008f88da": "the 1960s, ABC continued on the same path that it began to take in the mid-1950s", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": "April", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": "the network's market share. On April 29, 1961, ABC debuted Wide World of Sports", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": "April", "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": "Programs", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": "1965", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": "December", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": "The Newlywed Game", "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "Manhattan", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": "the 1970s and early 1980s (by 1980", "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": "Dynasty", "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": "the early 1980s by the continued successes of Happy Days", "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "1981, ABC (through its ABC Video Services division) launched the Alpha Repertory Television Service", "5727623a5951b619008f8921": "Corporation", "5727623a5951b619008f8922": "June", "5727623a5951b619008f8923": "RCA to merge ARTS and competing arts service, The Entertainment Channel", "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "agreement", "572763a8708984140094dcd9": "the 1990s including The Drew Carey Show; Brett Butler", "572763a8708984140094dcda": "1990, Thomas S. Murphy delegated his position as president to Daniel B. Burke while remaining ABC's chairman", "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "$465 million", "572763a8708984140094dcdc": "Home", "572763a8708984140094dcdd": "September", "572764855951b619008f8951": "General Hospital", "572764855951b619008f8952": "The View", "572764855951b619008f8953": "Good Morning America", "572764855951b619008f8954": "Jimmy", "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "New Jersey, Rhode Island and Delaware", "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "a few markets, such as Birmingham", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "a few markets, such as Birmingham, Alabama (WBMA-LD), Lima, Ohio (WLQP-LP) and South Bend", "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "a few markets, such as Birmingham, Alabama (WBMA-LD), Lima", "57276690708984140094dd01": "1962", "57276690708984140094dd02": "February", "57276690708984140094dd03": "two main production facilities: the ABC Television Center", "57276690708984140094dd04": "two", "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "Times Square Studios", "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "a development fund for the 42nd Street Project; opened in 1999, Good Morning America", "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "2006 in honor", "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "Peter Jennings Way in 2006 in honor of the recently deceased longtime ABC News chief anchor and anchor of World News Tonight", "572768d9708984140094dd13": "the network's programming, including a traditional VOD service called ABC on Demand", "572768d9708984140094dd14": "The Walt Disney Company is also a part-owner of Hulu", "572768d9708984140094dd15": "July 6, 2009", "572768d9708984140094dd16": "April", "572769e85951b619008f8985": "the network's shows are usually made available on WATCH ABC, Hulu", "572769e85951b619008f8986": "eight", "572769e85951b619008f8987": "eight", "572769e85951b619008f8988": "January 7, 2014", "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": "the network's upfront presentation on May 14, 2013, and officially introduced on-air on June", "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": "four", "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "the network's upfront presentation on May 14, 2013", "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": "four", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": "14", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": "74", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": "1961", "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": "1961", "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "the exception of the largest markets, ABC was relegated to secondary status on one or both", "57276d7f708984140094dd40": "five", "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "2000s", "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "1980", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": "September", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": "Desilu Productions", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "the same name. The movement in westerns, which ABC is credited for having started, represented a fifth of all primetime", "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": "April", "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": "the ABC Sunday", "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": "the launch of the ABC Sunday", "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": "the same period. To catch up, ABC followed up The Flintstones with another", "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": "September 23, 1962", "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": "April", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": "December", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": "United States Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "the Department of Justice", "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": "1968", "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "December", "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": "1984, Thomas S. Murphy, chief executive officer of Capital Cities Communications", "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": "Warren Buffett", "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": "E. W. Scripps Company", "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": "the FCC in January 1985, that allowed broadcasters to own a maximum of 12", "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": "1985. After the ABC/Capital Cities merger was finalized on January 3, 1986", "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "1986", "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": "1986", "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": "Michael", "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": "1986", "57277585708984140094de2b": "four", "57277585708984140094de2c": "the mid-1980s: Laverne & Shirley ended its run in 1983, Happy Days and Three's Company ended in 1984", "57277585708984140094de2d": "1984", "57277585708984140094de2e": "1986", "57277585708984140094de2f": "the mid-1980s", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "1989", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "1989", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": "Miller-Boyett Productions", "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": "Miller-Boyett Productions", "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "1968", "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "1979", "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "1979", "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "1985", "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "July 1968", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "the late 1950s", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": "1958", "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": ", such as westerns and detective series. Despite an almost 500% increase in advertising revenues between 1953 and 1958", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": "Ollie Treiz", "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": "American", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "the fall of 1957", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": "the fall of 1957", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": "May 1961, Life", "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": "the fall of 1959", "57277af2708984140094dec3": "May 2013", "57277af2708984140094dec4": "New", "57277af2708984140094dec5": "Hearst Television", "57277af2708984140094dec6": "Similar to sister network ESPN's WatchESPN", "57277bfc708984140094ded9": "28", "57277bfc708984140094deda": "the largest operator of ABC stations in terms of overall market reach, owning 15 ABC-affiliated", "57277bfc708984140094dedb": "the largest operator of ABC stations in terms of overall market reach", "57277bfc708984140094dedc": "28", "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "the largest operator of ABC stations in terms of overall market reach, owning 15", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "June", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "June 16, 2007", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "Red", "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": "Red", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "the same market in Tampa, Florida (WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "the same market in Tampa, Florida (WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "the same market in Tampa, Florida (WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV", "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": "WT", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Mongol Empire", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "the conquest of most of Eurasia", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "the conquest of most of Eurasia", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": "the end of his life, the Mongol Empire occupied a substantial portion of Central", "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "the conquest of most of Eurasia", "5726a00d708984140094cc25": "a result, Gengh", "5726a00d708984140094cc26": "1227", "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "a result, Gengh", "5726a00d708984140094cc28": "ons", "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "location", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": "the second-oldest son of his father Yes\u00fcgei", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": "the second-oldest son of his father Yes\u00fcgei", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": "62", "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "the second-oldest son of his father Yes\u00fcgei", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": "one sister", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "three brothers", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": "marriage", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": "the family of his future wife B\u00f6rte, who was a member of the tribe Khongirad. Tem\u00fcjin", "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": "the family of his future wife B\u00f6rte, who was a member of the tribe Khongirad. Tem\u00fcjin", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": "the family and eventually Temujin's mother Hoelun (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": "the family and eventually Temujin's mother Hoelun (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband", "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "the family and eventually Temujin's mother Hoelun (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband", "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": "the family and eventually Temujin's mother Hoelun (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband", "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "the night by hiding in a river crevice.[citation needed] It was around this time that Jelme and Bo'orchu, two", "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "the night by hiding in a river crevice.[citation needed] It was around this time that Jelme and Bo'orchu, two", "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "two", "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "two", "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": "the night by hiding", "5726a784708984140094ccff": "arranged marriages", "5726a784708984140094cd00": "the south. Tem\u00fcjin's mother", "5726a784708984140094cd01": "the south. Tem\u00fcjin's mother Hoelun taught him many lessons about the unstable political climate of Mongolia", "5726a784708984140094cd02": "the south. Tem\u00fcjin's mother Hoelun taught him many lessons", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "B\u00f6rte of the Onggirat tribe when he was around 16", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "B\u00f6r", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": "the help of his friend and future rival, Jamukha, and his protector, To", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "son", "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "nine", "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "three", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively provide the number or names of daughters born to the consorts", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "three", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "the scenes during his lifetime, no documents have survived that definitively provide the number or names of daughters born to the consorts of Gengh", "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "six", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "Toghrul, who was Khan of the Keraites", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": "Toghrul for support, and in response", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "Khan of the Keraites", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": "20", "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": "Toghrul for support, and in response", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "1186", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": "the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Tem\u00fcjin, Tem\u00fcjin began rising to power. In 1186", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": "86", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "86", "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": "Toghrul, as Tem\u00fcjin's patron, was exiled", "5726ae32708984140094cdab": "the Yassa code", "5726ae32708984140094cdac": ", he took the conquered tribe under his protection and integrated its members into his own tribe. He would even have his mother", "5726ae32708984140094cdad": "orphans", "5726ae32708984140094cdae": ", making Tem\u00fcjin stronger with each victory", "5726af765951b619008f7a51": "Toghrul's refusal to give his daughter in marriage to Jochi, the eldest son", "5726af765951b619008f7a52": "Toghrul allied himself", "5726af765951b619008f7a53": "the split between both factions and was a prelude to war. Toghrul allied himself with Jamuk", "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "the fall and eventual dissolution", "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "the rulers of the Qara Khitai. Jamuk", "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "In 1201", "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "the rulers of the Qara Khitai. Jamukha's assumption of this title was the final breach with Tem\u00fcjin", "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": "several", "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "06", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "the Secret History, Tem\u00fcjin again offered his friendship", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "the Secret History", "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": "the Secret History", "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "a noble", "5726b879708984140094cf01": ", such as siege warfare", "5726b879708984140094cf02": "tactic", "5726b879708984140094cf03": "brother", "5726b879708984140094cf04": "a series of betrayals and conspiracies. These include rifts with his early allies such as Jamuk", "5726b879708984140094cf05": "a series of betrayals and conspiracies. These include rifts with his early allies such as Jamuk", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": "12", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": "a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "The title Khagan was not conferred on Genghis until after his death, when his son", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "a result, by 12", "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": "12", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": "the conquest of Western Xia, Gengh", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": "the conquest of Western Xia, Genghis Khan planned again to conquer the Jin dynasty. The commander", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": "the other side of the pass. At this engagement fought at Badger Pass the Mongols massacred hundreds of thousands of Jin troops. In 1215", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": "Emperor Xuanzong", "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": "the reign of Genghis' third son, \u00d6gedei Khan. The Jin dynasty collapsed in 1234", "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": "Kuchlug", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "the Liao", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "two", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": ", as it was originally established as remnants of the Liao dynasty). Genghis", "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "The Arrow", "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": "12", "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "12", "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": "12", "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": "12", "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": ", which bordered the Khwarezmia", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": "two", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": "500", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": "two", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": "two", "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "two", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "the northeast of Khwarezmia. The second", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "the northeast", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": "the northeast of Khwarezmia. The second", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": "the northeast of Khwarezmia. The second", "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": "the northeast", "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "the town of Otrar, relying on superior strategy and tactics", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "the town of O", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": "Inalchuq", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia", "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": "two", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "Buk", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": "Buk", "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "According to legend", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "the city, where they were killed and pyramids of severed heads raised as a symbol of victory", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": "the city, where they were killed and pyramids of severed heads raised as a symbol of victory", "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "victory", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": "the ground. Gengh", "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "twelve", "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": "Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsmen", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "the ground. Genghis Khan", "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": "the rest of the population was sent into slavery", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": "20", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": "Six", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": "two", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": "Six", "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "two", "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": "40", "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "40", "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "two", "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": "1225", "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": "the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Je", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": "1226", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": "November", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "November", "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "the sky and interpreted it as an omen of his victory", "57272dd55951b619008f8697": "the rest of the Tanguts officially surrendered soon after. Not happy with their betrayal and resistance, Gengh", "57272dd55951b619008f8698": "the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma", "57272dd55951b619008f8699": "the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong", "57272dd55951b619008f869a": "the spring. At Deshun", "57272dd55951b619008f869b": "the rest of the Tanguts officially surrendered soon after. Not happy with their betrayal and resistance, Genghis Khan ordered the entire", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": "the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": "the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son", "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": "the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi", "57272ff2708984140094dabd": "the situation between his brothers", "57272ff2708984140094dabe": "the situation between his brothers", "57272ff2708984140094dabf": "sons", "57272ff2708984140094dac0": "the situation between his brothers", "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": "1226", "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "the spring of 12", "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": "the spring of 12", "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "the spring of 12", "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "Sultan Muhammad", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": "August", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": "August", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": "August", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "August", "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": "The Secret History", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": "according to the customs", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": ", where many assume he is buried somewhere", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": "the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of the Kentii mountain range). According to legend, the funeral escort killed anyone", "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "the 1970s and a great marble statue of Gengh", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": "the 1970s and a great marble statue of Gengh", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": "1949", "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "1954", "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": "1968", "57273581708984140094daeb": "2004", "57273581708984140094daec": "the possibility", "57273581708984140094daed": "the possibility of actually locating the ruler's long-lost burial site. Folklore", "57273581708984140094daee": "the possibility", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "Gen", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Gengh", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Gengh", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": "the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy", "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": "the role of Genghis Khan and his family. The Mongol Empire was one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse empires in history", "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": "the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong Khan, his mentor and eventual rival, had converted to Nestorian Christianity", "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": "the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong Khan, his mentor and eventual rival, had converted to Nestorian Christianity", "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong Khan, his mentor and eventual rival, had converted to Nestorian Christianity", "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": "the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong Khan, his mentor and eventual rival, had converted to Nestorian Christianity", "572739a75951b619008f86f7": "the end of his life, Genghis Khan", "572739a75951b619008f86f8": "Modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication", "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "the end of his life, Genghis Khan", "572739a75951b619008f86fa": "the end of his life, Genghis Khan", "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": "the Mongol army after the Jin dynasty was defeated. Jin had captured power by displacing Khitan", "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": ", so the question of revenge did not apply. This reply impressed Gengh", "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "the Mongol army after the Jin dynasty", "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "the Mongol army after the Jin dynasty was defeated. Jin had captured power by displacing Khitan. Genghis told Chu", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "members", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": "Karakorum", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": "Mu", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "Subutai and Jebe were allowed to pursue the Great Raid into the Caucasus", "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": "unwavering loyalty", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege engines and engineers to aid", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "tactic", "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": "the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": "the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 12", "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": "79", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "the Silk Road", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": "the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Gengh", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritocracy in his rule, was tolerant", "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": "the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan", "5727404b708984140094db59": "the early 1990", "5727404b708984140094db5a": "the early 1990s the memory of Gengh", "5727404b708984140094db5b": "the early 1990s the memory of Gengh", "5727404b708984140094db5c": "the perception of his brutality. Mongolians maintain that the historical records written by non-Mongolians are unfairly biased against Genghis Khan", "5727404b708984140094db5d": "the perception of his brutality. Mongolians maintain that the historical records written by non-Mongolians", "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": "Ulaanbaatar", "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": "the largest", "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Ulaanbaatar is named Chinggis Khaan International Airport", "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "discussions", "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "the largest denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongol", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "Ikh Zasag (Great Administration), the first written", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "Ikh Zasag law adopted during Genghis Khan\u2019s time in Mongolia had points to punish illegal matters related to corruption", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "the founding of the Mongol Empire", "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "the law for all citizens regardless of status or wealth. \"Chinggis (Genghis Khan", "57275250708984140094dc25": "the People's Republic of China", "57275250708984140094dc26": "5 million", "57275250708984140094dc27": "the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the population of Mongolia. While Genghis Khan never conquered all of China, his grandson", "57275250708984140094dc28": "the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the population of Mongolia. While Genghis Khan", "57275250708984140094dc29": "the People's Republic of China", "572753af708984140094dc2f": "the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that \"Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-four", "572753af708984140094dc30": "the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that \"Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-four", "572753af708984140094dc31": "the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that \"Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-four", "572754cd5951b619008f8863": "Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad", "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks", "572754cd5951b619008f8865": "12", "572754cd5951b619008f8866": "1237", "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "the major cities of Eastern Europe with the exceptions of Nov", "572756715951b619008f8877": "the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur", "572756715951b619008f8878": "the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur", "572756715951b619008f8879": "the legacies of Genghis Khan and Timur", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": ", it seems that if they had meant to call Gengh", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": ", meaning \"ocean", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": ", it seems that if they had meant to call Gengh", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": ", meaning \"ocean", "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "It is likely that the 13th century Mongolian pronunciation would have closely matched \"Chinggis", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": "Ch", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": "\u00c7ingiz", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": "\u00c7ingiz Han, Chingizxon, \u00c7\u0131\u00f1\u011f\u0131z Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": "variety", "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": ", Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jengh", "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos", "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos", "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos", "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos", "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos", "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors", "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors", "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors", "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "the UK the role of a PhT", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "General Pharmaceutical Council", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "the UK the role of a PhT", "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "the UK the role of a PhT", "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "the 1st century AD. The Latin translation De Materia Medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "the 1st century AD. The Latin translation De Materia Medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "term materia medica", "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Di", "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "the 1st century AD. The Latin translation De Materia Medica", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "the end of the Asuka period (538\u2013710) and the early Nara period (710\u2013794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "the Taih\u014d Code", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "the end of the Asuka period (538\u2013710) and the early Nara period (710\u2013794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "the end of the Asuka period (538\u2013710) and the early Nara period (710\u2013794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those", "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "two", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "Liber", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine", "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "He devoted in fact a whole volume to simple drugs in The Canon of Medicine", "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "12", "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "12", "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence", "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence", "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "12", "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "legislation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians", "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "the use of trained pharmacy technicians while the pharmacist spends more time communicating with patients. Pharmacy technicians are now more dependent upon automation", "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend towards the use of trained pharmacy technicians", "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation", "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "the hospital and at home) many pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education", "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e.,", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e.,", "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e.,", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": ", including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting. Most hospital medications", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "the potential impact of medications and pharmacy services on patient-care outcomes and patient safety", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "the potential impact of medications and pharmacy services on patient-care outcomes and patient safety, make it imperative that hospital pharmacies", "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "the potential impact of medications and pharmacy services on patient-care outcomes and patient safety", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "the use of medication and promotes health, wellness", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "the use of medication and promotes health, wellness", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "the use of medication and promotes health, wellness", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "the use of medication and promotes health, wellness", "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "the use of medication and promotes health, wellness", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "the appropriateness of the drug therapy (e.g.,", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "the appropriateness of the drug therapy (e.g.,", "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": ", and reviewing all prescribed medications", "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "the appropriateness of the drug therapy (e.g.,", "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "the U.S. federal health care system (including the VA, the Indian Health Service", "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "the U.S. federal health care system (including the VA, the Indian Health Service", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "2011", "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "designation", "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "U.S. federal health care system", "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily", "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily", "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "the United States many now work for several", "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily", "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "the United States many now work for several large pharmacy management companies (primarily", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "the year 2000", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": ", many of them are actually operated by brick", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "online", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "-mortar community pharmacies that serve consumers online and those that walk in their door. The primary difference is the method", "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "-mortar community pharmacies that serve consumers online and those that walk in their door. The primary difference is the method", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": ", this practice has been criticized as potentially dangerous, especially by those who feel that only doctors can reliably assess contraindications", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": ", this practice has been criticized", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": ", this practice has been criticized", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": ", this practice has been criticized as potentially dangerous, especially by those who feel that only doctors can reliably assess contraindications", "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": ", this practice has been criticized as potentially dangerous, especially by those who feel that only doctors can reliably assess contraindications", "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": "the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practition", "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "the United States", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": "the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practition", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": "the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practition", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship. The filling pharmacy has a corresponding responsibility", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "the United States", "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practition", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "the United States", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "the United States, there has been a push to legalize", "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "the United States", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": "the United States", "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "the United States", "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "the needs of major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals.", "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "the needs of major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals.", "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "the needs of major national and international patient information projects", "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science. Pharmacy informaticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy", "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "quickly", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "the pharmaceutical industry with 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013", "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "19", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "the pharmaceutical industry with 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": "the pharmaceutical industry with 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013", "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "the pharmaceutical industry with 19 of 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "the United States", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "the United States), pharmacists are regulated separately from physicians. These jurisdictions also usually specify that only pharmacists", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "American Medical Association", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "the public, and that pharmacists cannot form business partnerships with physicians or give them \"kickback\" payments. However, the American", "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "the public, and that pharmacists cannot form business partnerships with physicians or give them \"kickback\" payments. However, the American", "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "the United Kingdom", "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "the United Kingdom, there are dispensing physicians", "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "the United Kingdom", "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "the United Kingdom", "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "the U.S. and many other governments.[citation needed", "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "the U.S. and many other governments.[citation", "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "the U.S. and many other governments.[citation", "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "the U.S. and many other governments.[citation", "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "the U.S. and many other governments.[citation", "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "M", "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "Medication Therapy Management (MTM", "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "Management", "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "Medication Therapy Management (MTM", "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "Management", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "the banner of \"senior care pharmacy.\"", "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "remuneration from the Australian Government", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "the United Kingdom", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "the banner of \"senior care pharmacy.\"", "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "the banner of \"senior care pharmacy.\"", "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "two", "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "the early 20th century", "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "Bowl", "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "Germany", "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "the United Kingdom, Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and India, the increasingly rare Gaper in the Netherlands", "5726e65e708984140094d53d": ", such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5726e65e708984140094d53e": ", such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5726e65e708984140094d53f": ", such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity", "5726e65e708984140094d540": "system", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": ", such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": ", such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": ", such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity", "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": ", or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "variety", "5728eff82ca10214002daade": ", or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": ", or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans", "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "variety", "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": ", or humoral immunity", "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": ", or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity", "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune", "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes", "5726eb785951b619008f8276": ", multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms", "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes", "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity", "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "the form of enzymes that protect against", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "ancient", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "the basis of vaccination", "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "immunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": "the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": "the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity", "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": "the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity", "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "Immunodeficiency", "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "auto", "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Immun", "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "the causes of immunity to disease. The earliest known reference to immunity", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": "Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": "Louis Pasteur in his development of vaccination and his proposed germ theory of disease", "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": "1901", "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "1905", "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "the causes of immunity to disease. The earliest known reference to immunity was during the plague of Athens in 430 BC. Thucydides", "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "1901", "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "the causes of immunity to disease. The earliest known reference to immunity", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "the form of an immunological memory", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": "second", "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": "second", "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "Inn", "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "second", "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "the form of an immunological memory, and allows the adaptive immune system to mount faster and stronger attacks each", "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "the form of an immun", "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "the ability of the immune", "5728f7774b864d190016512f": "the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules. In immunology", "5728f7774b864d1900165130": "the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules. In immunology", "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "the immune system. Conversely, non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules. One class of non-self molecules are called antigens", "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "the immune system. Conversely, non-self molecules are those recognized as foreign molecules. One class of non-self molecules are called antigens", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "the same receptors as those that recognize pathogens. Innate immune defenses", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "The innate immune system", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": "the same receptors as those", "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": "the same receptors as those that recognize pathogens. Innate immune defenses are non-specific", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": "the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs, and skin are examples of mechanical barriers that are the first line of defense", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": "the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes of externally deposited eggs, and skin are examples of mechanical barriers that are the first line of defense", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": "coughing", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": "muc", "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "coughing", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "The skin and respiratory tract secrete antimicrobial peptides", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "Enzymes such as lysozyme", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "semen", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "the stomach, gastric acid and proteases serve as powerful chemical defenses", "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche", "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "commensal flora serve as biological barriers", "5728fd206aef05140015494d": ", since most antibiotics non-specifically target bacteria and do not affect fungi", "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "-introduction of probiotic flora, such as pure cultures of the lactobacilli normally found in unpasteurized yogurt", "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "cases", "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "the first responses", "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "the first responses of the immune", "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "the first responses of the immune system to infection", "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "the site of infection", "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "the first responses of the immune system to infection", "572905ce1d04691400778f83": ", but can be called to specific locations by cytokines. Once a pathogen has been engulfed by a phagocyte", "572905ce1d04691400778f84": ", but can be called to specific locations", "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "ome", "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "ome", "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "Phagocytosis", "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "the body in pursuit of invading pathogens. Neutrophils are normally found in the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte", "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Ne", "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "the site of inflammation in a process called chemotaxis, and are usually the first cells to arrive at the scene of infection. Macroph", "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": "the site of inflammation in a process called chemotaxis", "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "interleukin 1", "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "the activation of the adaptive immune", "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "second", "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "second", "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "the activation of the adaptive immune", "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "Dendritic cells", "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "neuronal", "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "types", "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": ", as they present antigens to T cells, one of the key cell types", "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "the surface of those cells is altered and the NK cells become activated through recognition of \"missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "the surface of those cells is altered and the NK cells become activated through recognition of \"missing self", "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "killer", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "the body by \"memory cells", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "recognition", "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "Antigen specificity", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "two", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": ", while helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "I MHC molecules, while helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to Class II", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "II", "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "the \u03b3\u03b4 T cells", "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "the body in search of cells where the MHC", "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "CD8", "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "R", "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "the body in search of cells where the MHC", "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "the replication of viruses. T cell activation is tightly controlled and generally requires a very strong MHC", "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "CD4", "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "200\u2013300) on the helper T cell must be bound by an MHC", "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "the activity of killer T cells", "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "the activity of many cell types", "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "the activity of killer T cells. In addition, helper T cell activation causes an upregulation of molecules expressed on the T cell", "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "the characteristics", "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "R", "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "the other hand, the various subsets are also part of the innate immune system", "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "the characteristics of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. The conditions that produce responses from \u03b3\u03b4 T cells", "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "the characteristics of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. The conditions that produce responses from \u03b3\u03b4 T cells", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "A B cell", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "the B cell and processed by proteolysis", "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "MHC and antigen attracts a matching helper T cell", "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "the lifetime of an individual as an adaptation to infection with that pathogen and prepares the immune system for future challenges. Immun", "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "the lifetime of an animal, these memory cells", "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "the lifetime of an individual as an adaptation to infection with that pathogen and prepares the immune system for future challenges. Immun", "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "the lifetime of an individual as an adaptation to infection with that pathogen and prepares the immune system for future challenges. Immun", "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "the same range of antigen specificities", "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "type", "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "the same range of antigen specificities as their mother. Breast milk", "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "This passive immunity", "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "immun", "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "female sex hormones", "5729f9953f37b31900478621": ", male sex hormones", "5729f9953f37b31900478622": "male sex hormones such as testosterone", "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": "Additionally, proteins such as NF", "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": "the disturbance of natural light and dark cycles through instances of sleep deprivation, shift work, etc. As a result", "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": ", these disruptions can lead to an increase in chronic conditions such as heart disease, chronic pain, and asthma", "5729fb003f37b31900478627": "the immune system, notably thyroid hormone activity. The age-related decline in immune function is also related to decreasing", "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "the immune system, notably thyroid hormone activity. The age-related decline in immune function is also related to decreasing", "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "the immune system, notably thyroid hormone activity. The age-related decline in immune function is also related to decreasing", "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "the immune system, notably thyroid hormone activity. The age-related decline in immune function is also related to decreasing", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "a common phenomenon with tumors", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "MHC class I molecules on their surface than normal; this is a common phenomenon", "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "Tumor", "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "MHC class I molecules on their surface than normal; this is a common phenomenon with tumors. Sometimes antibodies are generated against tumor", "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a type of defensive response", "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "Individual plant cells respond to molecules associated with pathogens known as Pathogen-associated molecular patterns", "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "cells", "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "the site of infection undergo rapid apoptosis to prevent the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant. Systemic", "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a type of defensive response", "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "the body and to eliminate those cells that recognize self-antigens, preventing autoimmunity", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "the body and to eliminate those cells that recognize self-antigens, preventing autoimmunity", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "the functions of specialized", "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "the body and to eliminate those cells that recognize self-antigens, preventing autoimmunity", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": ", malnutrition is the most common cause of immunodeficiency", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": ", malnutrition is the most common cause of immunodeficiency", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "the most common cause of immunodeficiency", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "the most common cause of immunodeficiency", "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "malnutrition", "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "the leading causes of death in the human population, vaccination", "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "The principle behind vaccination (also called immunization", "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "The principle behind vaccination (also called immunization", "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "the leading causes of death in the human population, vaccination", "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "II", "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "type III secretion", "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "II", "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "The success of any pathogen depends on its ability to elude host immune responses. Therefore, pathogens evolved several", "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory", "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity", "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "two", "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory", "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "the effects of inflammation. Glucocorticoids", "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "conjunction", "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "the effects of inflammation. Glucocorticoids", "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "Immun", "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "or cells, such as cytotoxic natural killer cells", "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "anti-inflammatory molecules, such as cortisol", "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "the presence of melatonin", "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "the presence of melatonin during sleep times could actively counteract free radical", "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "a vitamin D receptor", "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "the active form of vitamin D, the steroid hormone", "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "relationship", "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "CYP27B1", "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "the active form of vitamin D, the steroid hormone calcitriol. T-cells", "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity", "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity", "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity. The complement system and phagocytic cells", "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "Many", "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": ", a distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule has been discovered in primitive jawless vertebrates", "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "These animals possess a large array of molecules called Variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs", "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "olution", "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "invertebrates", "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "the past, which allows them to block virus replication through a form of RNA interference", "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "unique defense mechanism, called the restriction modification", "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "the past, which allows them to block virus replication through a form of RNA interference", "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity. According to the cellular theory of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity. According to the cellular theory of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": "the 20th century saw a battle between \"cellular\" and \"humoral\" theories of immunity", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": "the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes. In addition, immunological tolerance may develop against tumor", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": "Tumor", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": ", thus avoiding detection by killer T cells. Some tumor", "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes", "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Type II", "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "four", "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type", "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "Type IV", "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "four", "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "the cells of their host (also called intracellular pathogenesis", "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed. This is called antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed. This is called antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed. This is called antigenic variation", "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed. This is called antigenic variation. An example is HIV", "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "the immune system is to identify and eliminate tumors", "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "irus", "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "One example is an enzyme called tyrosinase", "572a0f073f37b31900478682": ", transforms certain skin cells (e.g. melanocytes) into tumors called melanomas", "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "an enzyme called tyrosinase that, when expressed at high levels, transforms certain skin cells (e.g. melanocytes) into tumors", "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "Immun", "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "Immun", "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "Immun", "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "Immun", "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "immun", "572a12386aef051400155234": "the early slow-wave-sleep stage, a sudden drop in blood levels of cortisol", "572a12386aef051400155235": "interactions between APCs", "572a12386aef051400155236": "2", "572a12386aef051400155237": "the initiation of Th1 immune responses", "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "the production of peptides", "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "the surfaces of microbes. This recognition signal triggers a rapid killing response", "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "the response is a result of signal amplification", "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "the production of peptides", "57271c235951b619008f860b": "the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement", "57271c235951b619008f860c": "the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement", "57271c235951b619008f860d": "Singing Revolution", "57271c235951b619008f860e": "2004", "57271c235951b619008f860f": "the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia", "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement", "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "American Civil Rights Movement", "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8636": "the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "57271f125951b619008f8637": "the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "57271f125951b619008f8638": "the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone", "57271f125951b619008f8639": "the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus", "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "the oldest depictions", "5727213c708984140094da35": "1819", "5727213c708984140094da36": "It is perhaps the first modern[vague] statement of the principle of nonviolent", "5727213c708984140094da38": "Satyagraha", "5727213c708984140094da39": "campaign for a free India", "5727213c708984140094da37": "poet Percy Shelley", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "the principle of nonviolent protest. A version was taken up by the author Henry David Thoreau in his essay Civil Disobedience", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "1819", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "It is perhaps the first modern[vague] statement of the principle of nonviolent", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "the principle of nonviolent protest. A version was taken up by the author Henry David Thoreau in his essay Civil Disobedience", "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "the principle of nonviolent protest. A version was taken up by the author Henry David Thoreau", "572726c9708984140094da7b": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew it has become a code-word", "572726c9708984140094da7e": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "572726c9708984140094da7c": "term", "572726c9708984140094da7d": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew", "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "impossible", "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like Alice in Wonderland", "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like Alice in Wonderland", "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like Alice in Wonderland", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "the subject, the student of civil disobedience", "57280f974b864d1900164370": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two", "57280f974b864d1900164371": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict", "57280f974b864d1900164372": "the state", "57280f974b864d1900164373": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict", "57280f974b864d1900164374": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional", "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two", "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two", "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two", "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two", "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "the state and its laws, as distinguished from a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two", "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "Thoreau", "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "the form of a postman or tax collector", "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "the fact that he was making a choice. But if government", "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "the form of a postman or tax collector", "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "the fact that he was making a choice. But if government", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "individual", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "the form of a postman or tax collector", "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "the form of a postman or tax collector", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "ign", "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "the form of a postman or tax collector", "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations", "572818f54b864d190016446c": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "572818f54b864d190016446d": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "572818f54b864d190016446e": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "572818f54b864d190016446f": "Exodus", "572818f54b864d1900164470": "odus", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking", "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "Exodus", "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "Christian", "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience", "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "rebellion", "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "Civil disobedients' refraining from violence is also said to help preserve", "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "non", "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": ", then one cannot justify a civil disobedients' use of force and violence and refusal to submit to arrest. Civil disobedients", "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": ", then one cannot justify a civil disobedients' use of force and violence and refusal to submit to arrest. Civil disobedients", "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "Civil disobedients", "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "non-violence", "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "Revolutionary", "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Ferenc", "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "The Declaration of Independence", "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort", "572822233acd2414000df555": "There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience", "572822233acd2414000df556": "Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem", "572822233acd2414000df557": "the end of the Mexican War", "572822233acd2414000df558": "the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office", "572822233acd2414000df559": "the end of the Mexican War", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "during", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "the Roman Empire", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience", "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau", "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "the name of civil disobedience", "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "the charge of ineffectiveness", "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "the name of civil disobedience", "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "7", "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "the charge of ineffectiveness", "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "the name of civil disobedience", "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "the charge of ineffectiveness", "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "the charge of ineffectiveness", "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "the charge of ineffectiveness", "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "the charge of ineffectiveness", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "the 1978", "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example", "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": ", and sit-ins, make it more difficult for a system to function", "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "Plowshares organization", "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "the table.\" The Plowshares organization temporarily closed GCSB", "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": ", they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients are constrained in their use of coercion", "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": ", they might be considered coercive", "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": ", they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients", "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": ", they might be considered coercive", "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": ", they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients", "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": ", they might be considered coercive. Brownlee notes that \"although civil disobedients", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "the government", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": ", some civil disobedients", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases. For example, the suspect", "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience", "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "the same decisions and principles that apply in other criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobedients", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobedients", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "the legitimacy of their particular government, or don't believe in the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobedients", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobedients", "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "the legitimacy of a particular law it has enacted. And still other civil disobedients", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "An important decision for civil disobedients", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "the spirit of civil disobedience", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": ", but I am guilty of doing no wrong. I therefore plead not guilty.\" A plea of no contest", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "the possibility of changing the unjust law. It has also been argued that either choice is compatible with the spirit of civil disobedience", "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "the beauty that surrounds us\"; this is known as a \"creative plea", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "August", "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "August", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "the notion that they must go to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "the notion that they must go to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "the notion that they must go to jail as part of a rule connected with civil disobedience", "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "To accept jail penitently as an accession to 'the rules' is to switch suddenly to a spirit of subservience", "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "the case of the Camden 28", "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "the same plea bargain for everyone. But some activists have opted", "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "the same plea bargain for everyone. But some activists have opted", "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "the same plea bargain for everyone. But some activists have opted to enter a blind plea, pleading guilty", "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "the same plea bargain for everyone. But some activists have opted", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, her statement suggested a lack of remorse", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "the First Circuit, her statement suggested a lack of remorse, an attempt to avoid responsibility", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "the First Circuit, her statement suggested a lack of remorse", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "the First Circuit, her statement suggested a lack of remorse, an attempt to avoid responsibility", "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "a result, the judge", "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "the United States whose laws guarantee the right to a jury trial but do not excuse lawbreaking for political purposes, some civil disobedients", "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "goal", "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "the Vietnam War era, the Chicago Eight", "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "the public of the political circumstances surrounding the case and their reasons for breaking the law via civil disobedience", "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "the Vietnam War era, the Chicago Eight", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "the constitutionality of a law, and then wins his case, then that act did not constitute civil disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "the constitutionality of a law, and then wins his case, then that act did not constitute civil disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "the constitutionality of a law, and then wins his case, then that act did not constitute civil disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "the constitutionality of a law, and then wins his case, then that act did not constitute civil disobedience", "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "the constitutionality of a law, and then wins his case, then that act did not constitute civil disobedience", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "violating", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense", "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "the law\u2019s engagement in a moral dialogue with the offender as a rational person", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "the law\u2019s engagement in a moral dialogue with the offender as a rational person", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "the level of justification detracts from the law\u2019s engagement in a moral dialogue with the offender as a rational person", "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "goal", "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8700": "the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8701": "Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8702": "the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction", "57273a465951b619008f8703": "the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser, while construction", "57273cca708984140094db33": "An architect normally manages the job, and a construction", "57273cca708984140094db34": "An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project manager superv", "57273cca708984140094db35": "planning", "57273cca708984140094db36": "the public caused by construction delays and bidding, etc. The largest construction projects are referred to as megaprojects", "57273cca708984140094db37": "planning", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": ", there are three sectors of construction", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "three sectors of construction: buildings, infrastructure and industrial. Building construction", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "Infrastructure", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "three", "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "Industrial", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "the construction", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "the construction industry. Each year, ENR", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "2014", "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "reporting on the Top 400", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": "the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors", "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "construction", "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "construction", "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings. The majority of building construction", "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "the owner", "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": ", such as structural collapse, cost overruns", "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": ", and/or litigation. For this reason, those", "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "the availability of skilled tradespeople. As residential construction (as well as all other types of construction", "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "Materials", "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "the availability of skilled tradespeople. As residential construction (as well as all other types of construction", "572742bd5951b619008f8788": "Cost of construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "a form of additive building construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "a form of additive building construction", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "Dutch architect Janjaap Ruijssenaars's performative architecture 3D-printed building is scheduled to be built in 2014", "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "2", "572745c6708984140094db9a": "the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality", "572745c6708984140094db99": "the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality", "572745c6708984140094db9b": "the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of designs into reality", "572745c6708984140094db9c": "the basis of drawings and a bill of quantities provided by a quantity surveyor", "572745c6708984140094db9d": "the basis of drawings and a bill of quantities provided by a quantity surveyor. Following evaluation of bids, the owner typically", "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors", "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "the past", "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "Thus, each such firm may offer itself as \"one-stop shopping", "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors", "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "Several", "57274e975951b619008f87fa": "the services of architects, interior designers, engineers and constructors throughout design and construction", "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "relationships", "57274f67708984140094dbf5": ", but is notoriously prevalent in the construction field. Financial planning", "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "Underbids", "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "Cash", "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "planning", "5727502f708984140094dc07": "the financial management of the building construction", "5727502f708984140094dc08": "the financial management of the building construction project. The presence of the mortgage banker", "5727502f708984140094dc09": "Accountants", "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "the process. Cost engineers and estimators apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation. Cost overruns", "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "the process. Cost engineers and estimators", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "The project must adhere to zoning", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "the law that governs the land where the building will be built, either by arguing that a rule is inapplicable", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "considerations", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "considerations", "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "An attorney", "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "A construction project is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations", "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations", "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "The time element in construction", "572751b4708984140094dc1e": ", the contracts", "572751b4708984140094dc1f": ", the contracts must be designed to ensure that each side is capable of performing the obligations set out. Contracts", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "the construction", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "the construction", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "Public-Private Partnering (PPPs", "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "the construction", "572753335951b619008f8853": "the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8854": "the architect or engineer acts as the project coordinator", "572753335951b619008f8855": "There are direct contractual links between the architect's client and the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8856": "the main contractor", "572753335951b619008f8857": "the main contractor. The procedure continues until", "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "the first phase of the project. As they build phase 1, they design phase 2. This is in contrast to a design-bid-build contract", "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "Several", "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "the first phase of the project. As they build phase 1, they design phase 2. This is in contrast to a design-bid-build contract", "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "the first phase of the project. As they build phase 1, they design phase 2. This is in contrast to a design-bid-build contract", "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": ", but a consortium of several contractors working together. Once these have been hired, they begin building the first phase", "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "the likelihood of damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable facilities, which could cause outages and potentially hazardous situations", "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "the likelihood", "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "the likelihood of damage to the existing electrical, water, sewage, phone, and cable", "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "the construction", "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "the construction", "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "the United States, the industry in 2014", "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "the United States, the industry in 2014 has around $960 billion in annual revenue according to statistics tracked by the Census Bureau, of which $", "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "the United States, approximately 828,000 women were employed in the construction", "572755b7708984140094dc50": "fewer", "572755b7708984140094dc51": "the United States, approximately 8", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "the UK for example. The average earning for a professional in the construction", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "the UK for example. The average earning for a professional in the construction", "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "the UK. Some construction", "572756fe708984140094dc71": "Construction", "572756fe708984140094dc72": "the United States was nearly three times that for all workers. Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc73": "the United States was nearly three times that for all workers. Falls", "572756fe708984140094dc74": "the United States was nearly three times that for all workers. Falls", "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent", "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": ", which makes the cost cheaper, depending on a talent the student may have (e.g. sport scholarship", "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "relying", "572746addd62a815002e9a61": ", rather than relying", "57274712708984140094dbad": "more than $45,000 at several", "57274712708984140094dbae": "North America", "57274712708984140094dbaf": "the United Kingdom and several", "57274712708984140094dbb0": "North America", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": "year twelve", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "the location of the school, the willingness of parents to pay, peer tuitions", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "the location of the school, the willingness of parents to pay, peer tuitions", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "the location of the school, the willingness of parents to pay, peer tuitions", "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "the school's financial endowment. High tuition, schools claim, is used to pay higher salaries", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "Roman", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector include Protestants, Jews, Muslims and the Orthodox", "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "education", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "the belief that private schools offer a higher quality of education", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "the belief that private schools offer a higher quality of education", "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": "the belief that private schools offer a higher quality of education", "57274971708984140094dbbb": "the best known independent schools also belong to the large, long-established religious foundations, such as the Anglican Church, Uniting", "57274971708984140094dbbc": "College", "57274971708984140094dbbd": "College", "57274971708984140094dbbe": "the best known independent schools also belong to the large, long-established religious foundations, such as the Anglican Church, Uniting", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "7, Paragraph 4", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "second", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": "1992", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "1992", "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": "1992", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "the past in Germany", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "the past in Germany", "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "the past in Germany", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": ", these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system. Er", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": ", these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system. Er", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": ", these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system. Erg\u00e4nzung", "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": ", these vocational schools are not part of the German dual education system. Er", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "the administration of the sector. Among other things, this has also resulted", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "Prominent Examination Boards that are present in multiple states are the CBS", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "the administration of the sector. Among other things, this has also resulted in 30 different Examination Boards", "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "the union government", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "the country, various studies have reported unpopularity of government schools and an increasing number of private schools. The Annual Status of Education", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "the country, various studies have reported unpopularity of government schools and an increasing number of private schools. The Annual Status of Education", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "Annual Status of Education", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "Annual Status of Education", "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "the country, various studies have reported unpopularity of government schools and an increasing number of private schools. The Annual Status of Education", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "the requirement that the state ensure that children receive a certain minimum education; Irish private schools must still work towards the Junior Certificate and the Leaving Certificate", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "The fee-paying schools are usually run by a religious order, i.e., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "The average fee", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers", "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": ", but some of these schools also provide boarding and the fees", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "Chinese", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "-medium schools. Over 60 schools converted to become National Type", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "National Type", "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "60", "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "aided", "57274e145951b619008f87e8": ", but many of them have the name \"Public School", "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Galaxy Public School", "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "The medium of education is English", "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "The medium of education is English, but as a compulsory subject, Nepali", "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8800": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8801": "88", "57274eca5951b619008f8802": "1984", "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "the mid-1970s", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": "Diocesan School for Girls", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "Wellington", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Saint Kentigern College", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Christchurch", "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "three private schools (including the secondary school, St Dominic's College", "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "the option of the school, and by issuing the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools in August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dbfe": "the Philippines, the private sector has been a major provider of educational services, accounting for about 7.5% of primary enrollment, 32", "5727500f708984140094dbff": "the option of the school, and by issuing the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools in August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc00": "August 1992", "5727500f708984140094dc01": "the option of the school, and by issuing the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools in August 1992", "572750df5951b619008f882f": "Education", "572750df5951b619008f8830": "the government provides financial assistance for tuition and other school fees of students turned away from public high schools because of enrollment overflows. The Tuition Fee Supplement", "572750df5951b619008f8831": "Assistance", "5727515f708984140094dc11": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc13": "1996", "5727515f708984140094dc14": "the abolition of apartheid, the laws governing private education in South Africa changed significantly. The South African Schools Act of 1996", "5727515f708984140094dc15": "early nineteenth", "57275409708984140094dc35": "the final years of the apartheid era, parents at white government schools were given the option", "57275409708984140094dc36": "the final years of the apartheid era, parents at white government schools were given the option to convert to a \"semi-private\" form called Model", "57275409708984140094dc37": "the final years of the apartheid era, parents at white government schools were given the option", "572754dd708984140094dc3b": "the same amount as municipal schools. Over 10% of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008", "572754dd708984140094dc3c": "the opportunity to choose the school they prefer. For instance, the biggest school chain, Kunskapsskolan (\u201cThe Knowledge School", "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "the opportunity to choose the school they prefer. For instance, the biggest school chain, Kunskapsskolan (\u201cThe Knowledge School", "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "the opportunity to choose the school they prefer. For instance, the biggest school chain, Kunskapsskolan (\u201cThe Knowledge School", "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "innovative school voucher model", "572756265951b619008f886d": "the UK prepare pupils aged up to 13", "572756265951b619008f886e": "the UK prepare pupils aged up to 13", "572756265951b619008f886f": "9", "572756265951b619008f8870": "the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GSCE level and 13", "572756265951b619008f8871": "the UK are doing so at fee-paying schools at GS", "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "the 1970s, many of these \"segregation", "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "the United States, after the 1954 decision in the landmark court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka", "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "the United States, after the 1954", "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "African-American", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment or individual state Blaine", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment or individual state Blaine", "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "the courts' interpretation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment or individual state Blaine", "572759665951b619008f8883": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8884": "1852", "572759665951b619008f8885": "1972", "572759665951b619008f8886": "Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510 (1925", "572759665951b619008f8887": "1976", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "2012", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "the United States", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "The leading schools such as the Groton School had substantial endowments running to hundreds of millions", "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "the United States", "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "John Harvard (its first benefactor", "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "the United States' oldest institution of higher learning, and the Harvard Corporation (formally, the President and Fellows of Harvard", "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "the Great Depression and World War II", "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "Association", "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "President", "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "the world's largest academic and private library system, comprising 79 individual libraries with over 18 million volumes. Harvard", "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "79", "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "the world's largest academic and private library system, comprising 79 individual libraries with over 18 million", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight", "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "the world's largest academic and private library system, comprising 79 individual libraries with over 18 million volumes. Harvard", "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "the Allston neighborhood of Boston", "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "$37", "5727aec03acd2414000de993": ", are located across the Charles River in the Allston neighborhood of Boston", "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven", "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "the Allston neighborhood of Boston and the medical, dental, and public health schools are in the Longwood Medical Area", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "36", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "the University of Cambridge. He had left the school \u00a3779 and his library of some 400 books. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation was granted in 16", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "38", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "39", "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "the early years the College trained many Puritan ministers", "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "the early years the College trained many Puritan ministers.[citation needed] (A 1643 publication said the school's purpose was \"to advance learning", "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "the early years the College trained many Puritan ministers.[citation needed] (A 1643 publication said the school's purpose was \"to advance learning", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "04", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "04", "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "05", "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "1846", "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "the possibility of understanding \"intellectual existences\". Agassiz", "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "concert", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "convictions", "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "William", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "the history of American education in the 20th", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "the history of American education", "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "1945", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": ", with about four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe admissions in 1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "1977", "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "the majority of the freshman dormitories. Sophomore, junior, and senior undergraduates live in twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "twelve", "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "the majority of the freshman dormitories. Sophomore, junior, and senior undergraduates live in twelve residential Houses, nine", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John", "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "the construction of bike paths, and buildings", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "Pro", "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": ", and park space", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "2", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "14", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "1875", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "32", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "the world. As of September 2011", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "the most visible results of Harvard's attempt to re-balance its budget was their halting of construction", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "2012", "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "2012", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "the late 1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "the late 1980s", "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "the late 1980", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "the class of 2019", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "2007", "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "2016", "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "the university and emphasizes instruction with an \"arts and sciences focus\". Between 1978 and 2008", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "eight", "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "The New York Times", "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "the next 15% of the class are awarded magna cum laude, and the next 30% of the class are awarded cum laude. Harvard", "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "the top 4", "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "Students", "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "2004", "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "2012", "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "2012", "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "the 2012\u201313 school year annual tuition was $38,000, with a total cost of attendance of $57,000. Beginning 2007", "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "$414", "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "88", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "80", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "the United States, and one of the largest in the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library", "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "18 million", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "the Middle Ages to the present emphasizing Italian early Renaissance, British pre-Raphaelite, and 19th-century French art. The Harvard", "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "Peabody Museum of Archaeology", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "the U.S. News & World Report. In 2014", "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "The Princeton Review, Harvard is the second", "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "42", "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "an intense athletic rivalry with Yale", "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "every two", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "1875", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "1903", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "1906", "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "the Yale", "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "The Malkin Athletic Center", "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "The Malkin Athletic Center", "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "three", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "the two schools. It is held annually in June on the Thames River in eastern Connecticut", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "the two schools. It is held annually in June", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": "the top teams in the country in rowing. Today, Harvard fields top teams in several other sports, such as the Harvard Crimson men", "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": "2003", "5727de862ca10214002d9860": "Secretary General Ban Ki-moon", "5727de862ca10214002d9861": "American political leaders John Hancock", "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "President", "5727de862ca10214002d9863": ".N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon", "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "O'Brien", "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Leonard Bernstein", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "Yo", "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "W. E. B. Du Bois", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Shing-Tung Y", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan", "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "Stephen", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "the United States. Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "the United States. Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "the United States. Jacksonville", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "the U.S. state of Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. It is the county seat of Duval County", "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "1968", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "the banks of the St. Johns", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline", "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Andrew Jackson", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian deep-water port. Its riverine location facilitates two United States Navy", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "the United States. Significant factors in the local economy include services such as banking, insurance, healthcare and logistics. As with much of Florida, tourism", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian deep-water port. Its riverine location facilitates two", "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "People from Jacksonville", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "thousands", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "the United States, dating to 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "the United States, dating to 2500 BC", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "the United States, dating to 2500 BC. In the 16th century, the beginning of the historical era", "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "the site of what is now downtown Jacksonville", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "Jean", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "a stone column near present-day Jacksonville claiming the newly discovered land for France", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": "September", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "September 20, 1565", "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "1964", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "the United States in 1821", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "the United States in 1821", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "the United States in 1821, American settlers on the north side of the Cow Ford", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "the United States in 1821", "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "February 9, 1832", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "the American Civil War, Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "the American Civil War, Jacksonville", "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "March 1864", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "the city on February 22, 1888", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "February", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "the city on February 22, 1888", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "the site of the Florida Old Confederate Soldiers and Sailors", "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "the city on February 22, 1888", "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville", "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville", "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville", "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "the 1910s", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "the course of the decade, more than 30", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "the course of the decade, more than 30 silent film studios were established, earning Jacksonville the title of \"Winter Film Capital", "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "the city's film industry", "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II", "57281ab63acd2414000df494": "55", "57281ab63acd2414000df495": ", the development of suburbs and a subsequent wave of middle class \"white flight", "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "the city of Jacksonville", "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "World War II", "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "the city's tax base dissipated, leading to problems with funding education", "57281bb84b864d190016449b": "the city's tax base dissipated, leading to problems with funding education, sanitation", "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "1958", "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "six", "57281d494b864d19001644be": "the mid-1960s", "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "11", "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "the mid-1960s", "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "the suburbs, who wanted more services and more control over the central city. In 1964", "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "1967, voters approved the plan. On October 1, 1968", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "October 1, 1968", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "October 1, 1968", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "2000", "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "the revenue", "572820512ca10214002d9e72": "the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 874.3 square miles (2,264 km2", "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "The St. Johns River", "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "The Trout River, a major tributary of the St. Johns River, is located entirely within Jacksonville", "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "the contiguous United States; of this, 86.66% (757.7 sq mi or 1,962 km2", "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Jacksonville", "572821274b864d1900164510": "Wells Fargo Center", "572821274b864d1900164511": "1990 as the Barnett Center", "572821274b864d1900164512": "Wells Fargo Center", "572821274b864d1900164513": "the 28", "572821274b864d1900164514": "1972", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "the United States, Jacksonville", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "the United States, Jacksonville", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "the United States, Jacksonville", "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": ", while the driest months are from November through April. Due to Jacksonville", "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": ", with indices above 110 \u00b0F (43.3 \u00b0C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104", "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110", "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "82", "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "the Gulf of Mexico", "572824f13acd2414000df590": "1964", "572824f13acd2414000df591": "2012", "572824f13acd2414000df592": "the Gulf of Mexico", "572824f13acd2414000df593": "May 28, 2012", "572826634b864d19001645be": "the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. Jacksonville", "572826634b864d19001645bf": "the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 8", "572826634b864d19001645c0": "the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. Jacksonville", "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Much of Jacksonville", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": "the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": "the city, the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24", "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24", "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900. A 2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900. A 2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900. A 2016", "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900. A 2016", "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "40", "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900. A 2016", "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "2008", "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": "2016", "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "the world's wealth is now in the hands of those in the top percentile, whose assets each exceed $759,900. A 2016", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": ", 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent\". Inherited wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "New York Times on July 22, 2014, the \"richest 1 percent", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": ", 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent\". Inherited wealth", "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": ", 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent\". Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent\". Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779613": ", 2014, the \"richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent\". Inherited wealth", "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "60", "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "Institute for Policy Studies", "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "Neoclassical economics", "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor", "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "the distribution of income", "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor", "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor", "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "Neoclassical economics", "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land. Within labor income distribution is due to differences", "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "wages", "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "actor", "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "Thus, in a market economy, inequality is a reflection", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "automation", "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment", "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital", "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "the productivity", "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "the productivity", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "the same way as prices for any other good. Thus, wages can be considered as a function of market price of skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "the same way as prices for any other good. Thus, wages can be considered as a function of market price of skill", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "the law of supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "the law of supply and demand", "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "the same way as prices for any other good. Thus, wages can be considered as a function of market price of skill. And therefore, inequality", "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "the law of supply and demand", "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "the same way as prices for any other good. Thus", "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "the same way as prices for any other good. Thus, wages can be considered as a function of market price of skill", "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "the other hand, markets can also concentrate wealth", "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "the other hand, markets can also concentrate wealth, pass environmental costs on to society, and abuse workers and consumers.\" \"Markets", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "the nature of the job, since there", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "the nature of the job, since there", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "the nature of the job, since there", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position. Professional", "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position. Professional", "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "the nature of the job, since there", "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position. Professional", "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position. Professional", "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position. Professional", "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "the nature", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "Necessity-based entrepreneurship", "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship", "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "the other hand, higher economic inequality tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level (self-employment", "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "the level of inequality", "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "the level of inequality within a society, either increasing it or decreasing", "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "the level of inequality within a society, either increasing it or decreasing", "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "the level of inequality within a society, either increasing it or decreasing", "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "the level of inequality", "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "the level of inequality", "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "the level of inequality within a society, either increasing it or decreasing", "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "the level of inequality within a society, either increasing it or decreasing", "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "lack of education", "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779641": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779642": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education. Education", "5729e1101d04691400779643": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779644": "the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education", "5729e1101d04691400779645": "education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "education", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008", "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008", "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "2014", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "education", "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008", "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession and made it more prone to boom-and-bust cycles", "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "1910\u20131940", "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "the price of skilled labor", "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "the price of skilled labor", "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "the price of skilled labor", "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "the price of skilled labor", "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "1910\u20131940", "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "the price of skilled labor", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "the price of skilled labor. High school education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "Education", "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "the price of skilled labor", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "the causes of economic inequality. In an analysis of the effects of intensive Anglo-American liberal policies in comparison to continental European liberalism", "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "the decline of union membership", "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "membership", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "the causes of economic inequality", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels of social exclusion", "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "the decline of union membership", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "the causes of economic inequality. In an analysis of the effects of intensive Anglo-American liberal policies in comparison to continental European liberalism", "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "the causes of economic inequality. In an analysis of the effects of intensive Anglo-American liberal policies in comparison to continental European liberalism", "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "Scandinav", "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "the United States", "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "the United States", "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "the United States has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than technological changes and globalization, which were also experienced by other industrialized nations", "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Jake Rosenfield of the University of Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779652": "University of Washington", "5729e4291d04691400779653": "organized labor", "5729e4291d04691400779654": "nations", "5729e4291d04691400779655": "the United States has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than technological changes and globalization, which were also experienced by other industrialized nations", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "the low-skilled", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": ", while low-skilled", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "the United States", "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "automation", "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "the United States", "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "while", "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "Paul Krugman", "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor when compared to other causes, such as technological innovation", "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "automation", "5727fd123acd2414000df185": ", and may be less willing to travel or relocate. Thomas Sowell, in his book Knowledge and Decisions", "5727fd123acd2414000df186": ", and may be less willing to travel or relocate. Thomas Sowell, in his book Knowledge and Decisions", "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "the labor market. Several", "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "the labor market. Several", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "the labor market. Several", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "the labor market. Several", "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "women", "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas Sowell, in his book Knowledge and Decisions", "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "the labor market. Several", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs", "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "Simon Kuz", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "Kuznets argued that levels of economic inequality", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth", "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": ", which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs", "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "the 1970s. This does not necessarily disprove Kuznets", "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "the 1970s", "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "the 1970s. This does not necessarily disprove Kuznets", "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "the 1970s", "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "Kuznets", "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "Kuznets curve", "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "the 1970s. This does not necessarily disprove Kuznets", "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "the 1970s. This does not necessarily disprove Kuznets", "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "the 1970s. This does not necessarily disprove Kuznets", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "the persistence of inequality", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "the persistence of inequality", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "the persistence of inequality", "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "the persistence of inequality", "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "the persistence of inequality", "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "the persistence of inequality", "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "the persistence of inequality", "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "the persistence of inequality", "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "the persistence of inequality", "5729f4e46aef051400155157": ", which may better be explained by the non-market force known as \"rent-seeking", "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies financially beneficial to them. This process, known to economists as rent-seeking", "5729f4e46aef051400155158": ", which may better be explained by the non-market force known as \"rent-seeking", "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies financially beneficial to them. This process, known to economists as rent-seeking", "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies financially beneficial to them. This process, known to economists as rent-seeking", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "the top 21 industrialised countries, counting each person equally, life expectancy", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": ", and even a lower level of economic growth", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "life expectancy", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "the top 21 industrialised countries, counting each person equally, life expectancy", "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "the top 21 industrialised countries, counting each person equally, life expectancy", "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth. High and persistent unemployment", "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "the United States and elsewhere is the most important problem. Increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a06866aef0514001551be": "Richard G. Wilkinson", "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan", "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "obesity, mental illness, homicides, teenage births, incarceration, child conflict, drug use), and lower rates of social goods", "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "23", "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "the 50 states of the US, they found social/health problems lower in countries like Japan", "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "the world. Americans live no longer on average (about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders (78", "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "the world. Americans live no longer on average (about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders (78", "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "life expectancy increases rapidly as per capita income", "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "Americans", "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "the world. Americans live no longer on average (about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders (78", "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "the US with larger income inequalities. Other studies have confirmed this relationship. The UNICEF index of \"child well-being", "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "Richard", "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "nine", "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "the US with larger income inequalities. Other studies have confirmed this relationship. The UNICEF index of \"child well-being", "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "UNICEF index of \"child well-being", "572a0a391d046914007796df": "the amount of inequality in each province or state. Fajnzylber et al. (2002", "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "homicides", "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "There have been over fifty", "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "half", "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "the amount of inequality in each province or state. Fajnzylber et al. (2002", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": ", noting that in societies where inequality", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "an example of reduced \"distributive efficiency", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "An additional dollar spent by a poor person will go to things providing a great deal of utility to that person, such as basic necessities", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "Thus, the marginal utility of wealth", "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "a society with more equality will have higher aggregate utility", "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "consumption", "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "the US. Will Wilkinson of the libertarian Cato Institute", "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "1986", "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "1986", "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "Thomas", "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "the past\" \u2013 the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "the past\" \u2013 the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "the past\" \u2013 the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "the past\" \u2013 the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308 being the most recent example. To compensate for stagnating and declining purchasing", "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "the past\" \u2013 the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": ", an increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent", "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "just economic prosperity", "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": ", then GDP growth", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "the medium term, suggesting that the benefits do not trickle down. In contrast, an increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent", "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "The poor and the middle class matter the most for growth", "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela, increasing inequality harms economic growth. High and persistent unemployment", "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "increasing inequality harms economic growth", "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "High and persistent unemployment", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": ", has a negative effect on subsequent long-run economic growth. Unemployment", "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": ", and erodes self-esteem promoting social dislocation, unrest and conflict. Policies aiming at controlling unemployment", "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "the increasing importance of human capital in development. When physical capital mattered most, savings and investments", "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "the increasing importance of human capital in development. When physical capital mattered most, savings and investments", "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "the increasing importance of human capital in development. When physical capital mattered most, savings and investments", "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "the increasing importance of human capital in development. When physical capital mattered most, savings and investments", "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "the poor and invest it in physical capital. But now that human capital is scarcer than machines, widespread education", "572a11663f37b31900478693": "1993", "572a11663f37b31900478694": "the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. A 1996 study by Perotti", "572a11663f37b31900478695": "the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. A 1996", "572a11663f37b31900478696": "the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development", "572a11663f37b31900478697": "the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development. A 1996 study by Perotti", "572a12381d0469140077972d": "Robert Barro, found that there is \"little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment\". According to work by Barro in 1999", "572a12381d0469140077972e": "Robert Barro, found that there is \"little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment\". According to work by Barro in 1999", "572a12381d0469140077972c": "Robert Barro, found that there is \"little overall relation between income inequality and rates of growth and investment", "572a12381d0469140077972b": "Harvard", "572a12381d0469140077972f": "2000", "572a13841d0469140077973b": "the 1970s", "572a13841d0469140077973c": "Kuznets curve hypothesis", "572a13841d0469140077973d": "Thomas", "572a13841d0469140077973e": "Thomas Piketty", "572a13841d0469140077973f": "Thomas Piketty", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "the 1950s", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "the 1970s established possible avenues through which inequality may have a positive effect on economic development. According to a 1955 review, savings by the wealthy", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "the 1950s to 2011 incorrectly stated that inequality had a positive effect on economic development", "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "the 1950s to 2011 incorrectly stated that inequality had a positive effect on economic development", "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, it is becoming widely understood amongst the development community that special efforts", "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals", "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "60", "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "the words of the Secretary General of the United Nations Ban Ki-Moon", "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "the words of the Secretary General of the United Nations Ban Ki-Moon: \"While economic growth is necessary", "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "much land and housing", "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "Much unregistered property is held in informal form through", "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "-legal ownership", "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "-legal ownership include excessive bureaucratic red tape in buying property and building, In some countries it can take over 200", "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "-legal ownership include excessive bureaucratic red tape in buying property and building, In some", "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "the US \u2013 is caused in part by income inequality", "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "the number of quality rental units decreased", "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "the US \u2013 is caused in part by income inequality. David Rodda noted that from 1984", "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "the number of quality rental units decreased as the demand for higher quality housing increased (Rhoda 1994", "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "the number of quality rental units decreased as the demand for higher quality housing increased (Rhoda 1994", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "the costs of housing, pensions, education and health care. If the state does not provide these services, then for those", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": ", then for those on lower incomes, the costs must be borrowed and often those on lower incomes are those who are worse", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "consumption", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "the costs of housing, pensions, education and health care. If the state does not provide these services, then for those", "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "the costs of housing, pensions, education and health care. If the state does not provide these services, then for those", "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "resulting", "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "multiplier", "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "the result of the increase of emissions per person being multiplied by a multiplier. If there were fewer people however, this multiplier would be lower, and thus", "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "the result of the increase of emissions per person being multiplied by a multiplier. If there were fewer people however, this multiplier would be lower, and thus", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "the vast majority of the population is dependent on income in the form of a wage or salary.", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "wealth", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "the population is dependent on income in the form of a wage or salary", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "the private ownership", "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": "the vast majority of the population is dependent on income in the form of a wage or salary", "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "the form of taxation), and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force. However, Nozick", "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "the form of taxation", "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "the form of taxation), and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force", "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "the form of taxation), and that the ideal moral society would be one where all individuals are free from force. However, Nozick", "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "the distribution of wealth", "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation", "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "the level of their achieved well-being\u201d through increasing functionings (the things a person values doing), capabilities", "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "the level of their achieved well-being\u201d through increasing functionings (the things a person values doing), capabilities", "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "the level of their achieved well-being\u201d through increasing functionings (the things a person values doing), capabilities", "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "the level of their achieved well-being\u201d through increasing functionings (the things a person values doing), capabilities", "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "a result, income and economic inequality", "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "An old, ill man", "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "customs", "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "a result, income and economic inequality", "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "a result, income and economic inequality", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "the BBC since 1963. The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord\u2014a space and time-travelling humanoid alien", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "1963", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "ARDIS", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": "the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord\u2014a space and time-travelling humanoid alien. He explores the universe in his TARDIS", "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": "the BBC since 1963. The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord\u2014a space and time-travelling humanoid alien", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": "1989", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": "the form of a television film. The programme was relaunched in 2005", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": "the 21st century featured Christopher Eccleston in the title role and was produced by the BBC. Doctor Who", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": "the form of a television film. The programme was relaunched in 2005", "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": "the form of a television film. The programme was relaunched in 2005", "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "Twelve", "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "2013", "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": "the same character and form part of the same storyline. The time-travelling nature of the plot means that, on occasion, different Doctors", "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "the concept of regeneration into a new incarnation. The show's premise is that this is a life process of Time Lords through which the character of the Doctor", "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "the name \"The Doctor\". He fled from Gallifrey", "5727f2583acd2414000df088": "the name \"The Doctor\". He fled from Gallifrey in a stolen Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space", "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "the name \"The Doctor\". He fled from Gallifrey in a stolen Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space", "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "the appearance", "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "the name \"The Doctor\". He fled from Gallifrey in a stolen Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": "the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged, taking on a new appearance and personality. The Doctor", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": "the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged, taking on a new appearance and personality. The Doctor", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": "the ability to regenerate", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "more", "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": "the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged, taking on a new appearance and personality. The Doctor", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "November", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "Doctor Who", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "Doctor Who", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "Doctor Who", "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "November", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": "26", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": "1989", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "documentary Doctor Who", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": "Doctor Who", "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": "the public perception of the show and a less-prominent transmission slot saw production suspended in 1989", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "the United States, had approached the BBC about such a venture as early as July 1989", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": "July 1989", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": "1996", "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": "1996", "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": "the UK (with 9.1 million viewers), it was less so in the United States", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "2005", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "2009", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": ". In January 2016, Moffat announced that he would step down after the 2017 finale, to be replaced by Chris Chibnall in 2018", "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Christmas", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": "1989", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "Who", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "1996", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": "Who", "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": "Who", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": "November", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": "November", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "November", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": "November", "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "the coverage of the assassination, as well as a series of power blackouts across the country, and they broadcast it again on 30 November", "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "the center of many people's relationship with the show\", and a 2011 online vote at Digital Spy deemed the series the \"sc", "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "1991", "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": "1991", "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "Digital Spy deemed the series the \"sc", "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": "Digital Spy", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": "1972", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": "1972", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": "1972", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": "Mon", "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "The Times", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "the people who conceived the idea of a police box as a time machine. In 1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "the people who conceived the idea of a police box as a time machine. In 1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": "the people who conceived the idea of a police box as a time machine. In 1996", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": "1998", "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": "2002", "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": "the original run, each weekly episode formed part of a story (or \"serial\") \u2014 usually of four", "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": "the original run, each weekly episode formed part of a story (or \"serial\") \u2014 usually of four", "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": "12", "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "the original run, each weekly episode formed part of a story (or \"serial\") \u2014 usually of four", "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "the original run, each weekly episode formed part of a story (or \"serial\") \u2014 usually of four", "572801823acd2414000df1fb": "2005", "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "-contained episodes (60", "572801823acd2414000df1fd": "Christmas", "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "2008", "572801823acd2414000df1ff": "2010", "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "the cast of the BBC soap-opera EastEnders and was filmed partly on the EastEnders set. A two", "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": "25", "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "eight", "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "eight", "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "2009", "572803493acd2414000df229": "William", "572803493acd2414000df22a": "the BBC's archives (most notably seasons 3, 4, & 5, from which 79 episodes are missing). In 1972", "572803493acd2414000df22b": "5", "572803493acd2414000df22c": "1978", "572803493acd2414000df22d": "1964", "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "the exception of Marco Polo", "572804522ca10214002d9b95": "Early colour videotape recordings", "572804522ca10214002d9b97": "Marco Polo", "572804522ca10214002d9b96": "8", "572804522ca10214002d9b98": "Audio", "572805363acd2414000df26d": "the BBC on VHS", "572805363acd2414000df26e": "the BBC on VHS", "572805363acd2414000df26f": "1968", "572805363acd2414000df270": "The missing episodes of The Reign of Terror were animated by animation company Theta-Sigma, in collaboration with Big Finish, and became available for purchase", "572805363acd2414000df271": "November", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "Second Doctor underwent a \"change of appearance", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "the show's history, as well as the depiction", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "the main character. This was first prompted by original star William Hartnell", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "the main character. This was first prompted by original star William Hartnell's poor health. The actual term \"regeneration", "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "Second", "572808bf4b864d190016429a": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429b": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "The episode \"The Time of the Doctor\" depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations, starting from the Twelfth", "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "12", "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "1996", "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": "the show's fictional chronology between McGann and Eccleston", "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "2013", "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": "1986", "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "1986", "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": "the show's fictional chronology", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "Eleventh Doctor meets an unknown incarnation of himself", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": "William", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": "2007", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": "the near future or past. The First Doctor", "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "2013", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": "1999", "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": "the 40th anniversary in 2003", "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "2010", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "2003", "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": "2003", "57280e323acd2414000df349": "the earliest incarnation of the Doctor. In Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth", "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "the programme's long history, there have been revelations about the Doctor that have raised additional questions. In The Brain of Morbius (1976", "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "the earliest incarnation of the Doctor. In Mawdryn Undead (1983), the Fifth Doctor explicitly confirmed that he was then currently in his fifth", "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "five", "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "Five Doctors", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": "the time they sleep in my mind\". The 2005 series reveals that the Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": "Susan", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": "the time they sleep in my mind\". The 2005 series reveals that the Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "the time they sleep in my mind\". The 2005 series reveals that the Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord", "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "the time they sleep in my mind\". The 2005 series reveals that the Ninth Doctor thought he was the last surviving Time Lord", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "the course of the series. Companions are usually human, or humanoid aliens", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": "the original series in which the Doctor travels alone is The Deadly Assassin", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "the roles of the companion is to remind the Doctor of his \"moral duty\". The Doctor's first companions seen on screen were his granddaughter Susan", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "the original series in which the Doctor travels alone is The Deadly Assassin. Notable companions from the earlier series included", "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": "the roles of the companion is to remind the Doctor", "572811434b864d190016438c": "female", "572811434b864d190016438d": "the show, as the story begins anew with each companion and she undergoes more change than the Doctor. The primary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors", "572811434b864d190016438e": "Eleventh", "572811434b864d190016438f": "the first to travel with a married couple, Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) and Rory Williams (Arthur Darvill", "572811434b864d1900164390": "the show, as the story begins anew with each companion and she undergoes more change than the Doctor. The primary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors", "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": "2005 revival, executive producer Russell T Davies", "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": "2005", "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": "Doctor Who", "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": "the show's 2005 revival, executive producer Russell T Davies stated his intention to reintroduce classic icons of Doctor Who", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": "the show's second serial in 1963, are Doctor Who", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": "the show's second serial in 1963, are Doctor Who", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "the show's second serial in 1963, are Doctor Who", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": "the show's second serial in 1963, are Doctor Who", "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "the purpose of a hand, and a directed-energy weapon. Their main weakness", "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "the role until his death in 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "the role until his death in 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": "the role until his death in 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "the role until his death in 1973. The Master was briefly played by Peter Pratt and Geoffrey Beevers", "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": "the role until his death in 1973", "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "the role multiple times through the Tenth Doctor", "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "the 2007", "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "2014", "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "the name of \"Missy", "572814882ca10214002d9d76": "the role multiple times through the Tenth Doctor's tenure. As of the 2014 episode \"Dark Water,\" it was revealed that the Master had become a female", "572816213acd2414000df429": "the end of season 17 (1979", "572816213acd2414000df42a": "the end of season 17 (1979", "572816213acd2414000df42b": "the end of season 17 (1979", "572816213acd2414000df42c": "the end of season 17 (1979", "572816213acd2414000df42d": "the era of multitrack tape machines. On hearing the finished result, Grainer asked, \"Did I write that?\"", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": "1980", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "American composer John Debney created a new arrangement of Ron Grainer's original theme for Doctor Who", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": "Keff McCulloch provided the new arrangement for the Seventh Doctor's era which lasted from season 24 (1987", "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": "2005", "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "2005", "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "the 2007", "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": "2011", "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "2010", "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "2011", "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "November 2013", "572819864b864d190016447e": "the early 1970s", "572819864b864d190016447f": "1978", "572819864b864d1900164480": "1978", "572819864b864d1900164481": "1988", "572819864b864d1900164482": "the early 1970s, Jon Pertwee, who had played the Third Doctor, recorded a version of the Doctor Who", "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": "the first 15 years was Dudley Simpson, who is also well known for his theme and incidental music for Blake's 7", "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": "1964", "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": "1964", "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": ", including most of the stories of the Jon Pertwee/Tom Baker periods, ending with The Horns of Nimon (1979", "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": "the original 1970s version of The Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": "the first two series took place on 19 November", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": "November", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": "2008", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "2008", "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "the first two series took place on 19 November", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Six", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "the first two", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "the first two series, the second and third featured music from the third and fourth series respectively. The fourth", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "February", "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "November", "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "the majority of the Fourth", "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "The logo", "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "Doctor Who", "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "1973", "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "Doctor Who", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "John F. Kennedy", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": "the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the first episode of Doctor Who", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "s", "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "1964", "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": "the first episode of Doctor Who", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "the time. After the series' revival in 2005", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "1980", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": "1980", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "the time. After the series' revival in 2005", "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": "2005", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": "two", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": "New Zealand", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "May 1996", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": "the UK but before the final two instalments had aired there. Finally, the 1996 television film premi\u00e8red on 12 May 1996", "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": "November", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "January", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "1983", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": "the show's 50th anniversary. The ABC broadcasts the modern series first run on ABC1, with repeats on ABC2", "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "2003", "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "Corporation", "572825714b864d1900164590": "1976", "572825714b864d1900164591": "1976", "572825714b864d1900164592": "the 1990s on cable station YTV. CBC began showing the series again in 2005. The series moved to the Canadian cable channel Space in 2009", "572825714b864d1900164593": "the 1990s", "572825714b864d1900164594": "1979", "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": "Christopher Eccleston recorded special video introductions", "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": "the country.[citation", "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "Billie Piper recorded a special video", "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "October 2006", "572826762ca10214002d9f30": "the country.[citation", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "the United States. Every fully extant serial has been released on VHS", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": "Eight", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "One episode of Doctor Who", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": "the 1970 story Spearhead from Space, released in July 2013", "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": "2009", "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "the late 1980s, Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker both played the Doctor at different times during the run of a play titled Doctor Who", "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "the run of a play titled Doctor Who \u2013 The Ultimate", "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "The Curse of the Daleks, a stage play mounted in the late 1960", "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "the late 1980s, Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker both played the Doctor at different times during the run of a play titled Doctor Who", "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "the run of a play titled Doctor Who", "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": "the success of the 2005 series produced by Russell T Davies, the BBC commissioned Davies to produce a 13-part spin-off series titled Torchwood", "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": "22", "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": "2008", "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": "five-part story called Children of Earth which was set largely in London. A fourth", "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "fourth", "57282f204b864d190016468a": "the main show by David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor", "57282f204b864d190016468b": "the main show by David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor", "57282f204b864d190016468c": "2009", "57282f204b864d190016468d": "the main show by David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor. In 2010, a further such appearance featured Matt Smith", "57282f204b864d190016468e": "the death of Elisabeth Sladen in early 2011", "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": "1993", "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": "the franchise's 30th anniversary, another charity special, titled Dimensions in Time was produced for Children", "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "1993", "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "the franchise's 30th anniversary, another charity special, titled Dimensions", "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "1993", "572831512ca10214002da04a": "1999", "572831512ca10214002da04b": "four", "572831512ca10214002da04c": "the story, the Doctor (Rowan Atkinson) encounters both the Master (Jonathan Pryce) and the Daleks", "572831512ca10214002da04d": "the story, the Doctor (Rowan Atkinson) encounters both the Master (Jonathan Pryce) and the Daleks", "572831512ca10214002da04e": "1999", "572833662ca10214002da086": "the form of clips from the programme. In a similar manner, the character of Oliver on Coupling", "572833662ca10214002da087": "the form of clips from the programme. In a similar manner, the character of Oliver on Coupling", "572833662ca10214002da088": "the Channel 4", "572833662ca10214002da089": "the form of clips from the programme. In a similar manner, the character of Oliver on Coupling", "572833662ca10214002da08a": "the form of clips from the programme. In a similar manner, the character of Oliver on Coupling", "572834524b864d1900164716": "1966", "572834524b864d1900164717": "the television show, Slipback", "572834524b864d1900164718": "Doctor Who and the Pescatons featuring the Fourth", "572834524b864d1900164719": "1981", "572834524b864d190016471a": "1988", "572835854b864d190016472e": "the main range, adventures of the First, Second and Third Doctors", "572835854b864d190016472f": "the main range, adventures of the First, Second and Third Doctors", "572835854b864d1900164730": "the main range, adventures of the First, Second and Third Doctors", "572835854b864d1900164731": "1999", "572835854b864d1900164732": "2012", "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "the present day. From 1965 to 1991 the books published were primarily novelised adaptations of broadcast episodes; beginning in 1991", "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "the present day. From 1965", "572836732ca10214002da0de": "1979", "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Doctor Who Magazine with newsstand circulation has been published regularly since 1979", "572836732ca10214002da0e0": "2005, a new range of novels have been published by BBC Books", "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "the early 1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f5": "the creation of the Doctor Who character by BBC Television in the early 1960s", "572837402ca10214002da0f6": "the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who", "572837402ca10214002da0f7": "the creation of the Doctor Who", "572838323acd2414000df737": "2006", "572838323acd2414000df738": "2005", "572838323acd2414000df739": "2011", "572838323acd2414000df73a": "the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award for Best Actor and in 2016", "572838323acd2414000df73b": "2016", "57283a392ca10214002da118": "the world, the \"most successful\" science fiction", "57283a392ca10214002da119": "Doctor Who", "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "the world, the \"most successful\" science fiction series of all time\u2014", "57283a392ca10214002da11b": "2013", "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "the world, the \"most successful\" science fiction", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": "1975", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": "the culmination of their \"TV60\" series, celebrating 60 years of BBC television broadcasting, where Doctor Who", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": "2000", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": "2005", "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "eight", "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": "five", "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": "25", "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": "2009", "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "The episode \"Vincent and the Doctor\" was shortlisted for a Mind Award at the 2010", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": "six", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "Doctor Who", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "Doctor Who", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "2012", "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": "six", "57283e652ca10214002da166": "the BBC Dead Ringers series. Doctor Who fandom has also been lampooned on programs", "57283e652ca10214002da167": "the BBC Dead Ringers series. Doctor Who fandom has also been lampooned on programs", "57283e652ca10214002da168": "the BBC Dead Ringers series. Doctor Who fandom has also been lampooned on programs", "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "the BBC Dead Ringers series. Doctor Who fandom has also been lampooned on programs", "57283e652ca10214002da169": "Jon Culshaw frequently impersonates the Fourth", "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, the Law School, the School of Social Service", "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "four", "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "the College and around 15", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "the United States. With an estimated completion date of 2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "the United States. With an estimated completion date of 2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "the United States. With an estimated completion date of 2020, the Barack Obama Presidential Center", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "University of Chicago Press, the largest", "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "2020", "57283f014b864d19001647e8": "William", "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "John D. Rockefeller", "57283f014b864d19001647ea": "William", "57283f014b864d19001647eb": "William Rainey Harper became the university's first president in 1891", "57283f014b864d19001647ec": "92", "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": "John D. Rockefeller on land", "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": "Cobb Lecture Hall", "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "Cobb Lecture Hall", "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "Marshall Field's pledge", "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "Charles", "572843304b864d1900164848": "1896", "572843304b864d1900164849": "1896", "572843304b864d190016484a": "the terms of the affiliation", "572843304b864d190016484b": "Several", "572843304b864d190016484c": "1910", "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "1929", "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "Common Core", "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "1929", "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "1929", "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "1929", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "the early 1950s", "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "the early 1950s", "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "the early 1950s", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "the early 1950s", "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "the early 1950s", "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "1962", "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "1962", "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "1967", "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "two", "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "two", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": "the mid-2000s, the university began a number of multimillion-dollar expansion projects. In 2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": "Milton Friedman Institute", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "2008", "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "David G. Booth donated $300 million", "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "the University of Chicago campus, which make up what is now known as the Main Quadrangles, were part of a \"master plan", "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six", "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "Henry Ives Cobb", "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "the University of Oxford", "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "the University of Oxford", "57284d484b864d1900164900": "the 1940s", "57284d484b864d1900164901": "1955", "57284d484b864d1900164902": "Ludwig Mies van der Rohe", "57284d484b864d1900164903": "Ludwig Mies van der Rohe", "57284d484b864d1900164904": "2003", "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "the University of Chicago", "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "Paris", "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "2010, the University of Chicago also opened a center in Beijing", "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "Beijing", "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "2015", "5728501aff5b5019007da166": "-term development and plans of the university and manages fundraising efforts, and is composed of 50 members including the university President. Directly beneath", "5728501aff5b5019007da167": "the university, and the Student Ombudsperson", "5728501aff5b5019007da168": "fourteen", "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Chairman", "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "March 2016", "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "the University of Chicago", "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four", "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven", "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "50", "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "28", "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "five", "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "five", "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "15", "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "2012", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "the most rigorous, intense learning experience", "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "the University of Chicago", "572855973acd2414000df925": "University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", "572855973acd2414000df926": "residential treatment program", "572855973acd2414000df927": "four", "572855973acd2414000df928": "four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education", "572855973acd2414000df929": "the university's Urban Education Institute. In addition", "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da191": "six", "572856beff5b5019007da192": "the United States. The university's main library is the Regenstein", "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", "572856beff5b5019007da194": "John Crerar Library", "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12", "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "the university\u2014and a number of National Resource Centers, including the Center for Middle Eastern Studies", "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "Institute", "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "the United States Department of Energy", "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "Mexico", "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "the site of some important experiments and academic movements. In economics", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "the United States and gave birth to the Chicago school of sociology. In physics, the university was the site of the Chicago Pile-1", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "the United States and gave birth to the Chicago school of sociology. In physics, the university was the site of the Chicago Pile", "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "the university. REM sleep was discovered at the university in 1953", "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933", "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "2000", "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "1996", "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "2002", "572861cc4b864d1900164962": "Several", "572863363acd2414000df985": "5", "572863363acd2414000df986": "the fall quarter of 2014", "572863363acd2414000df987": "the University of Chicago", "572863363acd2414000df988": "5", "572863363acd2414000df989": "2012", "572864542ca10214002da2de": "the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA). The university was a founding member of the Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2df": "the NCAA's Division III", "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "the NCAA's Division III as members of the University Athletic Association (UAA). The university was a founding member of the Big Ten Conference", "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "1935", "572864542ca10214002da2e2": "1946", "5728659f4b864d190016498a": "400", "5728659f4b864d190016498b": "the University of Chicago run over 400 clubs and organizations known as Recognized Student Organizations", "5728659f4b864d190016498c": "the University of Chicago College Bowl Team", "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "the nation's second oldest continuously running student improvisational theater troupe Off-Off Campus, and the university-owned radio station WHPK", "5728659f4b864d190016498e": "the nation's second", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt to Model UN", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt to Model UN", "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "the assistance of two", "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "2", "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "fifteen", "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "seven", "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "Alpha", "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "Four", "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "ten", "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "May since 1987", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "1987", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "Festival of the Arts", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "January", "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": "Summer Breeze", "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "the third richest man in America Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "the third richest man in America Larry", "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "the third richest man in America Larry Ellison", "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO", "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKin", "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "founder of modern community organizing", "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "advisor and top political advisor to President Bill Clinton", "57286ab72ca10214002da320": "Robert Bork", "57286ab72ca10214002da321": "Governor of the Bank of Japan", "57286ab72ca10214002da322": ", and former World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz", "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": "the American Mind\" Allan Bloom", "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": "Kurt", "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": "Before", "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": "the American Mind\" Allan Bloom, ''The Good War", "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": ", and political activist Susan Sontag, analytic philosopher and Stanford University Professor of Comparative Literature Richard Rorty", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": "Philip Glass", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": "the subject of the 2014 documentary film Life Itself Roger Ebert", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": ", and comedian Mike Nichols", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": ", and comedian Mike Nichols", "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": ", and comedian Mike Nichols", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": "the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA, experimental physicist Luis Alvarez, popular environmentalist David Suzuki", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "John B. Goodenough", "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble", "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "the concept of organizational decision-making, Paul Samuelson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "Minister Margaret Thatcher", "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "Paul Samuelson", "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "the concept of organizational decision-making, Paul Samuelson", "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "the National Security", "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "the National Security", "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "the National Security Council Samuel", "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": "the most brilliant and productive experimental physicists of the twentieth century\" Luis Walter Alvarez", "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": "Arthur H. Compton", "572872dd2ca10214002da380": "creator of the first nuclear reactor Enrico Fermi", "572872dd2ca10214002da381": "Edward Teller", "572872dd2ca10214002da382": "the most brilliant and productive experimental physicists of the twentieth century\" Luis Walter Alvarez, Murray Gell-Mann who introduced the quark, second", "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "the early development of the discipline of linguistics Edward Sapir, and the founder of McKinsey", "5728742cff5b5019007da247": "the founder of McKinsey", "5728742cff5b5019007da248": "the early development of the discipline of linguistics Edward Sapir, and the founder of McKinsey", "5728742cff5b5019007da249": "the founder of McKinsey", "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": "the early development of the discipline of linguistics Edward Sapir, and the founder of McKinsey", "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "Raghuram Rajan", "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "Chairman", "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "David", "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": ", and renowned political scientists John Mearsheimer", "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "\u5143\u671d", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "the first foreign dynasty to rule all of China and lasted until 1368", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "the first foreign dynasty to rule all of China and lasted until 1368", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan", "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "1271", "572860e03acd2414000df977": "the name of the new dynasty as Great Yuan and claimed the succession of former Chinese dynasties", "572860e03acd2414000df978": "the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven, following the Song dynasty and preceding the Ming", "572860e03acd2414000df979": "the division of the Mongol Empire. In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven, following the Song dynasty and preceding the Ming", "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "grandfather", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "1271", "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan in 12", "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan in 12", "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan in 12", "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "Great Khan", "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "the steppes and became Great Khan in 12", "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": "the steppes and became Great Khan in 12", "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": "the reign of Genghis' third son", "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "M\u00f6ngke Khan succeeded \u00d6gedei's son, G\u00fcy\u00fck, as Great Khan in 1251", "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "the reign of Genghis' third son", "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "4", "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "Two", "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Two", "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "4", "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "4", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Shi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "i", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "Shi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Shi", "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "the new state. Chagaan (Tsagaan) and Zhang Rou jointly launched an attack on the Song", "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260", "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "the Middle East in 12", "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259", "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260", "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260", "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "the south. Kublai secured the northeast border in 12", "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "the south. Kublai secured the northeast border in 12", "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "the south. Kublai secured the northeast border in 1259", "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "the south. Kublai secured the northeast border in 12", "572867d72ca10214002da300": "Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262", "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "compromise", "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "unchanged", "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "three, later four", "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "three, later four", "572869b84b864d19001649af": "Kublai's government after 12", "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "1264", "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "1264", "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "1264", "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "Beijing", "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "the narrative of traditional Chinese political succession. Khublai evoked his public image as a sage emperor by following the rituals of Conf", "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "the north. Mongol rule was cosmopolitan under Kublai Khan. He welcomed foreign visitors to his court, such as the Venetian merchant Marco", "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "the north. Mongol rule was cosmopolitan under Kublai Khan. He welcomed foreign visitors to his court, such as the Venetian merchant Marco", "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "the West. Kublai expanded the Grand Canal", "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "the West. Kublai expanded the Grand Canal from southern", "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "Marco", "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "the north in Qufu and the other in the south at Quzhou", "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "the north in Qufu and the other in the south at Quzhou", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "the north in Qufu and the other in the south at Quzhou", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "the north appointed Kong Duanyou's brother", "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "30", "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism. He renewed a massive drive against the Song dynasty to the south. Kublai besieged Xiangyang between 1268", "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "the south. Kublai besieged Xiangyang between 1268", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism. He renewed a massive drive against the Song dynasty to the south. Kublai besieged Xiangyang between 1268", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "76", "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "the battle of Yamen in 1279", "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288", "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "81", "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288", "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "88", "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "88", "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "1253", "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "the end of Kublai's reign. Kublai originally named his eldest son", "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "the end of Kublai's reign. Kublai originally named his eldest son", "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "12", "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "1294", "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "fourth", "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "fourth", "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "fourth", "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "Department", "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "fourth", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Ayurbarwada's son", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "two", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "the help of his newly appointed grand chancellor Baiju. During his reign, the Da Yuan Tong Z", "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "five", "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "in Shangdu in 1328", "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "War", "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "four", "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong", "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong", "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "the spring of 1329", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "Academy", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "29", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "the spring of 1329", "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "the spring of 1329", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "32", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "the death of Tugh Tem\u00fcr in 1332", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "Toghun Tem\u00fcr (Emperor Huizong", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "the death of Tugh Tem\u00fcr in 1332", "572872822ca10214002da374": ", while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese. Gradually", "572872822ca10214002da375": ", while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese. Gradually", "572872822ca10214002da376": "separated", "572872822ca10214002da377": ", while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese. Gradually", "572872822ca10214002da378": "Un", "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "the late 1340s", "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "Rebellion", "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "54", "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "To", "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "the late 1340s", "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "the Yuan dynasty", "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "the Yuan dynasty", "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "Il", "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "the Yuan dynasty", "572879574b864d1900164a14": "the fields of travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", "572879574b864d1900164a15": "the fields of travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", "572879574b864d1900164a16": "Buddhism", "572879574b864d1900164a17": "Conf", "572879574b864d1900164a18": "the hope of maintaining order over Han society. Advances were realized in the fields of travel literature, cartography, geography, and scientific education", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "the period was the Venetian Marco Polo", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "Il milione (or, The Million, known in English as the Travels of Marco Polo), appeared about the year 12", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "Il milione (or, The Million, known in English as the Travels of Marco", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "Il milione (or, The Million, known in English as the Travels of Marco", "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "Marco Polo), appeared about the year 12", "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "the year, which was only 26 seconds off the modern Gregorian calendar's measurement. Road and water communications", "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "astronomer", "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "the year, which was only 26 seconds off the modern Gregorian calendar's measurement. Road and water communications", "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing", "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "sor", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "the first time that non", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "the Eternal Heaven", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "the other hand, the Yuan dynasty is usually considered to be the legitimate dynasty between the Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty. Note, however, Yuan dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "the other hand, the Yuan dynasty", "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "the other hand, the Yuan dynasty", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among", "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "the first decade of Kublai's reign. This government adopted the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority among", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "Ministry of War compared with native Chinese dynasties, as the real military authority in Yuan times resided in the Privy Council", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "the existence of these central government departments and the Six Ministries", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Ministry of Justice", "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "Ministry of War compared with native Chinese dynasties, as the real military authority in Yuan times resided in the Privy Council", "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "12", "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "the end of the dynasty. Most of the Emperors", "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "the end of the dynasty. Most of the Emperors", "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "mother", "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Tugh Temur", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "90", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "1291", "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": ", and by 12", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "the mix of the zaju variety show was the incorporation of poetry both classical and of the newer qu form. One", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "the zaju variety show. Another important consideration regarding Yuan dynasty", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "Song", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "the mix of the zaju variety show was the incorporation of poetry both classical and of the newer qu", "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "the key factors in the mix of the zaju variety show was the incorporation of poetry both classical and of the newer qu", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": ". However, unlike the western khanates, the Yuan dynasty never converted to Islam", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "the end of the Yuan dynasty, 14 leaders of the Sakya sect had held the post of Imperial Preceptor", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": "Tibetan Buddhism was established as the de facto", "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "the Bureau", "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "the end of the Yuan dynasty, 14 leaders of the Sakya sect had held the post of Imperial Preceptor", "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "The mathematician Zhu Shijie (1249\u20131314) solved simultaneous equations with up to four", "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "12", "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "the first mathematicians in China to work on spherical trigonometry", "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "the first mathematicians in China to work on spherical trigonometry. Gou derived a cubic interpolation formula for his astronomical calculations", "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "His calendar, the Sh", "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "His calendar, the Sh", "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "12", "572881022ca10214002da416": "the education of new doctors. Confuc", "572881022ca10214002da417": "the education of new doctors. Confuc", "572881022ca10214002da418": "the education of new doctors. Confuc", "572881022ca10214002da419": "the Imperial Academy of Medicine", "572881022ca10214002da41a": "the education of new doctors. Confucian scholars", "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a51": "Four", "572881704b864d1900164a52": "the rest of the empire. Several medical advances were made in the Yuan period. The physician Wei Yilin (12", "572881704b864d1900164a53": "the rest of the empire. Several medical advances were made in the Yuan period. The physician Wei Yilin (12", "572881704b864d1900164a54": "Wei", "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "the reign of Kublai. Huihui", "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Office of Western Medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "Office of Western Medicine", "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese", "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "traditional Chinese medicine", "572882242ca10214002da420": "the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols. In 12", "572882242ca10214002da421": "Wang", "572882242ca10214002da422": "the 12", "572882242ca10214002da423": "the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols. In 12", "572882242ca10214002da424": "1273", "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": "the more notable applications of printing technology was the chao", "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": "the more notable applications of printing technology was the chao, the paper money of the Yuan. Chao were made from the bark", "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "1275", "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "12", "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "1294", "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "the system of government", "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "the system of government", "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "the fear of transferring power to the ethnic Chinese under their rule. The Mongols and Semuren", "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "the fear of transferring power to the ethnic Chinese under their rule. The Mongols and Semuren", "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "the early 14th century. In general there were very few North Chinese or Southerners", "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "foreigners", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "foreigners", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Han Chinese", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Han Chinese", "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Governor", "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "the war fighting the Mongols, among the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's armies was the Hui", "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "the war fighting the Mongols, among the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's armies was the Hui", "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "the war fighting the Mongols, among the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's armies was the Hui", "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "the Mongols and defeated them in combat. Some Muslim communities had a Chinese surname which meant \"barracks", "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "the Ispah Rebellion", "5728848cff5b5019007da298": "the term \"social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four", "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "Frederick", "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": "four", "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "the term \"social classes\" for this system was misleading and that the position of people within the four", "572885023acd2414000dfa83": "the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols", "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols", "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols", "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols", "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": ", who in turn was ranked higher than the Korean", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "Uighur King of Qocho was ranked higher than", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "Uighur King of Qocho was ranked higher than", "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": ", who in turn was ranked higher than the Korean", "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "Central", "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "the north of the Yellow River, was considered the most important region of the dynasty", "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "the north of the Yellow River, was considered the most important region of the dynasty and directly governed by the Central", "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "Beijing", "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "the north of the Yellow River, was considered the most important region of the dynasty and directly governed by the Central", "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya", "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": "Community", "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": "Nairobi", "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": "the south, Uganda", "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": "July 2014", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "-eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Kenya", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": "Nairobi", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": "Mount Kenya", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": "the neighboring western region. The north-eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid", "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": "-eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Kenya", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": "the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": "European", "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "December 1963", "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": "Mount Kenya", "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "origin of the name Kenya", "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "Kenya", "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "the actual meaning of the word Kenya", "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "the actual meaning of the word Kenya", "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "Joseph", "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "An 1882", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "Five", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "the country. The annual animal migration occurs between June and September with millions of animals taking part, attracting valuable foreign tourism. Two", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": "Five", "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": "June", "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": "the country. The annual animal migration occurs between June and September with millions of animals taking part, attracting valuable foreign tourism. Two", "5728fa576aef051400154920": "Homo habilis (1.8 and 2.5 million years ago) and Homo", "5728fa576aef051400154921": "Homo", "5728fa576aef051400154922": "1984", "5728fa576aef051400154923": "the Pleistocene epoch. During excavations at Lake Turkana in 1984", "5728fa576aef051400154924": "-old fossil belonging to Homo erectus. Previous research on early hominids is particularly identified with Mary Leakey and Louis Leakey", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": "Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "Mombasa", "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "Portuguese", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": "the 14th century and once rivalled Mombasa for dominance in the African Great Lakes region. Malindi", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "the 14", "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": "City", "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": "August", "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "the outbreak of World War I in August 1914", "5729024f1d04691400778f61": "L", "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "command", "5729024f1d04691400778f63": "1918", "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "the land dwindled. There were 80,000 white settlers living in Kenya", "572903d96aef0514001549a5": "the land dwindled. There were 80,000 white settlers living in Kenya", "572903d96aef0514001549a6": "the 1950s", "572903d96aef0514001549a7": "80", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": "15 January 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": "Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "4", "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954", "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": "1957", "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": "the Kenya African National Union", "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": "the United Kingdom. Exactly 12 months later on 12 December 1964", "572906e23f37b31900477f90": "the United Kingdom. Exactly 12 months later on 12 December 1964", "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "the United Kingdom. Exactly 12 months later on 12 December 1964", "572909406aef0514001549dc": "1988", "572909406aef0514001549dd": "1988", "572909406aef0514001549de": "the following years. In democratic, multiparty elections in 1992", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": "the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly and the Senate", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": "the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly and the Senate", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "the government", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly", "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": "the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly and the Senate. The Judiciary", "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": "Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Index", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": "the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012", "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012", "57290d811d04691400778fcf": "the Party of National Unity", "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "the Party of National Unity", "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Movement", "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": "the future, said Agnes R. M. Aboum \u2013 executive director of TAABCO Research and Development Consultants in Nairobi", "57290e153f37b31900477fda": "the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission", "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "Evangelical Lutheran Church", "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "the future, said Agnes R. M. Aboum \u2013 executive director of TAABCO Research and Development Consultants in Nairobi", "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": "February", "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": "2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": "2008", "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers", "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": "2008", "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "the steps of Nairobi's Harambee House. On 29 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fec": "the steps of Nairobi's Harambee House. On 29 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fed": "the steps of Nairobi's Harambee House. On 29 February 2008", "57290f963f37b31900477fee": "29 February", "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "the steps of Nairobi's Harambee House. On 29 February 2008", "572913626aef051400154a30": "the proposed constitution was held on 4 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a31": "August", "572913626aef051400154a32": "the proposed constitution was held on 4 August 2010", "572913626aef051400154a33": "August", "572913626aef051400154a34": "August", "572914441d04691400779025": "December", "572914441d04691400779026": "the National Assembly under acrimonious", "572914441d04691400779027": "the United States, Britain, Germany and France also collectively issued a press statement cautioning about the law's potential impact. Through the Jubillee", "572914441d04691400779028": "the National Assembly under acrimonious", "572914441d04691400779029": "United", "572914f46aef051400154a46": "the United States as president. In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya", "572914f46aef051400154a47": "Barack Obama", "572914f46aef051400154a48": "the summer, Kenyatta visited China", "572914f46aef051400154a49": "July", "572915621d0469140077902f": "the aftermath of the national elections of December 2007 and the violence that subsequently engulfed the country, a commission of inquiry, the Waki Commission", "572915621d04691400779030": "December", "572915621d04691400779031": "December", "572915e43f37b31900478005": "the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations", "572915e43f37b31900478006": "the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations", "572915e43f37b31900478007": "the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations", "572915e43f37b31900478008": "the country, have been tainted by corruption allegations", "572916f16aef051400154a56": "Human Development", "572916f16aef051400154a57": "the world. As of 2005, 17.7% of Keny", "572916f16aef051400154a58": "the world. As of 2005", "572916f16aef051400154a59": "the world. As of 2005, 17.7% of Keny", "572917743f37b3190047800d": "the last decade, and now[when?] contributes 62", "572917743f37b3190047800f": "the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry and manufacturing is the smallest sector, accounting for 16", "572917743f37b31900478010": "the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry", "572917743f37b3190047800e": "the last decade, and now[when?] contributes 62% of GDP. 22% of GDP still comes from the unreliable agricultural sector which employs 75", "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": "the late 1980s", "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": "tourism", "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "the past several", "572917ff6aef051400154a62": "the late 1980s", "572917ff6aef051400154a61": "the country's principal source of foreign exchange. Tourists, the largest number being from Germany and the United Kingdom", "572918bd3f37b31900478016": "24", "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "the second largest contributor to Kenya", "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "Agriculture", "572918bd3f37b31900478018": ", and coffee. Horticultural produce and tea are the main growth sectors and the two most valuable of all of Kenya's exports. The production", "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "International Crops Research Institute", "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "Successive", "57291a7b1d04691400779042": "Nairobi", "57291a7b1d04691400779043": "International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics", "57291b461d04691400779049": "the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa", "57291b461d0469140077904a": "the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa. Livestock predominates in the semi-arid savanna to the north and east. Coc", "57291b461d0469140077904b": "the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa. Livestock", "57291b461d0469140077904c": "the country has not attained the level of investment and efficiency in agriculture that can guarantee food security and coupled with resulting poverty (53% of the population", "57291b461d0469140077904d": "August", "57291beb1d04691400779053": "the African Great Lakes region, manufacturing", "57291beb1d04691400779054": "the African Great Lakes region, manufacturing", "57291beb1d04691400779055": "Nairobi", "57291beb1d04691400779056": "manufacturing", "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "the United States increased from US$44 million to US$270 million (2006).[citation needed] Other initiatives to strengthen manufacturing", "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "2000", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "the name of Kenya", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "the name of Kenya Power Company", "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "1997", "57291f153f37b31900478043": ", has no strategic reserves and relies", "57291f153f37b31900478044": "Tullow Oil estimates Kenya's oil reserves", "57291f153f37b31900478045": "Exploration", "57291f153f37b31900478046": ", has no strategic reserves and relies solely on oil marketers' 21-day oil reserves required under industry regulations. Petroleum accounts for 20", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": "the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": "the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": "the time of President Kenyatta's 2013 trip to Beijing", "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "Vision", "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "the Ministry of Planning", "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030. In 2013, it launched a National Climate Change Action Plan", "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "Plan", "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": "the same league as the Asian Economic Tigers by the year 2030. In 2013, it launched a National Climate Change Action Plan", "572920d73f37b31900478055": "the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution. Most of the prostitutes in Kenya", "572920d73f37b31900478056": "the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution", "572920d73f37b31900478057": "Most of the prostitutes in Kenya are aged 9\u201318", "572920d73f37b31900478058": "the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were subject to prostitution. Most of the prostitutes in Kenya", "572921646aef051400154a78": "the country, and contains features unique to it that were derived from local Bantu languages, such as Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a79": "the country, and contains features unique to it that were derived from local Bantu languages, such as Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a7a": "the country, and contains features unique to it that were derived from local Bantu languages, such as Swahili", "572921646aef051400154a7b": "the country, and contains features unique to it that were derived from local Bantu languages, such as Swahili", "572922206aef051400154a8a": "the country is located in the capital, Nairobi", "572922206aef051400154a8b": "the country is located in the capital, Nairobi", "572922206aef051400154a8c": "The Presbyterian Church of East Africa has 3 million", "572922206aef051400154a8d": "Nairobi", "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": "2", "57292449af94a219006aa0de": "ixty", "57292449af94a219006aa0df": "the country's Muslims, where they constitute the majority religious group. In addition, there is a large Hindu population in Kenya", "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": "addition", "572924b53f37b31900478067": "the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics", "572924b53f37b31900478068": "the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics", "572924b53f37b31900478069": "the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics", "572924b53f37b3190047806a": "the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics", "572925491d046914007790c3": "Diseases of poverty directly correlate with a country's economic performance and wealth distribution: Half", "572925491d046914007790c4": "Half", "572925491d046914007790c5": "Preventable diseases", "572925491d046914007790c6": "the public health sector", "572925491d046914007790c7": "15", "572925a81d046914007790cd": "the time. Changes in the subject content of history and geography were made to reflect national cohesion. Between 1964", "572925a81d046914007790ce": "12 December 1963", "572925a81d046914007790cf": "the Ominde Commission", "572925a81d046914007790d0": "Ominde Commission", "572925a81d046914007790d1": "1964", "572926086aef051400154ac2": "1981", "572926086aef051400154ac3": "the former system graduated from Kenyan Universities in 1992", "572926086aef051400154ac4": "the possibilities of setting up a second university in Kenya as well as the reforming of the entire education", "572926086aef051400154ac5": "1992", "572926653f37b31900478079": "January 1985", "572926653f37b3190047807a": "the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926653f37b3190047807b": "8\u20134\u20134", "572926653f37b3190047807c": "2003", "572926653f37b3190047807d": "the Government of Kenya announced the introduction of free primary education", "572926d23f37b31900478083": "eight", "572926d23f37b31900478084": "eight", "572926d23f37b31900478085": "the university and study for four", "572926d23f37b31900478086": "-laying and masonry for about two years. Those who complete high school can join a polytechnic or other technical college", "5729276c1d046914007790d7": "the end of primary education, pupils sit the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education", "5729276c1d046914007790d8": "five", "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "the whole population. Preschool", "5729276c1d046914007790da": "the end of primary education, pupils sit the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education", "5729276c1d046914007790db": "the end of Form Four \u2013 the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education", "572927d06aef051400154ade": "the Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154adf": "Kenya National Library Service", "572927d06aef051400154ae0": "the central business district of Nairobi", "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "the central business district of Nairobi", "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy. Kenya", "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "the world of distance running, although competition from Morocco and Ethiopia has reduced this supremacy. Kenya", "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "the world of distance running", "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "the world of distance running", "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "six", "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "the 2008", "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "2008", "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "the 1970s and was followed by Commonwealth Champion Henry Rono's spectacular string of world record performances. Lately", "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "the 2008", "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "the past decade.[citation needed] The women's team has competed at the Olympics and World Championships but without any notable success. Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "the past decade.[citation needed] The women's team has competed at the Olympics and World Championships but without any notable success. Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "the past decade.[citation needed] The women's team has competed at the Olympics and World Championships but without any notable success. Cricket", "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": "March 2007", "57292994af94a219006aa131": "the world famous Safari Rally", "57292994af94a219006aa132": "the world. It was a part of the World Rally Championship for many years until its exclusion after the 2002 event owing to financial difficulties", "57292994af94a219006aa133": "the world. It was a part of the World Rally Championship for many years until its exclusion after the 2002 event owing to financial difficulties. Some", "572929d56aef051400154b0a": "the afternoon (chakula cha mchana) and supper in the evening", "572929d56aef051400154b0b": "10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne) and 4", "572929d56aef051400154b0c": "the evening (chakula cha jioni or known simply as \"chajio", "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "the evening (chakula cha jioni or known simply as \"chajio", "57293b843f37b31900478133": "the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments. It was first established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization", "57293b843f37b31900478134": "1988", "57293b843f37b31900478135": "the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments. It was first established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization", "57293b843f37b31900478136": "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC", "57293b843f37b31900478137": "the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments. It was first established in 1988", "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "orean economist Hoesung Lee", "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli", "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988", "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "February", "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "the level of government representatives. Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "the level of government representatives. Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bba": "the level of government representatives. Non Governmental and Intergovernmental Organizations", "57293c246aef051400154bbb": ". The meeting report states there were 322 persons in attendance at Sessions with about seven-eighths of participants being from governmental organizations", "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "1989", "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "the cost of the Depute Secretary", "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "-governmental organizations", "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "-governmental organizations", "57293d116aef051400154bca": "-governmental organizations", "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "the previous report", "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "two", "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "a number of authors who are responsible for writing and editing the material. A chapter typically has two", "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "a number of authors who are responsible for writing and editing the material. A chapter typically has two", "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "a number of authors who are responsible for writing and editing the material. A chapter typically has two", "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "two", "57293e221d046914007791d5": "the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2", "57293e221d046914007791d6": "the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2", "57293e221d046914007791d7": "the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2", "57293e221d046914007791d8": "the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2", "57293e221d046914007791d9": "the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability", "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "2001", "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16", "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "the journal Science", "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "16", "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "the Royal Society of New Zealand, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "Richard", "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "Richard Lindzen has made a number of criticisms of the TAR. Among his criticisms, Lindzen has stated that the WGI Summary for Policymakers", "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "the TAR. Among his criticisms, Lindzen has stated that the WGI Summary for Policymakers", "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "John Houghton", "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "the world's governments, and that any changes to the SPM must be supported by scientific evidence", "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "the year 2011 two IPCC Special Report were finalized, the Special Report", "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "the year 2011 two IPCC Special Report were finalized, the Special Report", "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "the year 2011 two", "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "two", "572940246aef051400154bec": "the UNFCCC", "572940246aef051400154bed": "the UNFCCC. This involves publishing default emission factors", "572940246aef051400154bee": "the levels of fuel consumption", "572940246aef051400154bef": "the UNFCCC", "572940973f37b319004781a5": "the date", "572940973f37b319004781a6": "the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret", "572940973f37b319004781a7": "the date", "572940973f37b319004781a8": "2035", "572941273f37b319004781ad": "chairman", "572941273f37b319004781ae": "chairman", "572941273f37b319004781af": "Martin Parry", "572941273f37b319004781b0": "-chair of the IPCC working group II, said that \"What began with a single unfortunate error", "572941273f37b319004781b1": "investigated", "57294209af94a219006aa201": "1999", "57294209af94a219006aa202": "Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"h", "57294209af94a219006aa203": "Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the \"h", "57294209af94a219006aa204": "The MBH99 finding was supported by cited reconstructions by Jones et al. 1998", "57294279af94a219006aa209": "the American people\". The data and methodology used to produce the \"hockey stick graph\" was criticized in papers by Stephen McIntyre", "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "Project", "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "Capitol", "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "Capitol", "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "Capitol", "572943ab1d04691400779219": "2005", "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "the House Committee on Energy and Commerce wrote joint letters with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight", "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "June", "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "chairman of the House Science Committee", "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "the House Committee on Energy and Commerce", "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2001", "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2007", "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "Ten", "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "a variety of statistical methods. The section discussed", "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "three", "572945b11d0469140077922f": "February", "572945b11d04691400779230": "2001", "572945b11d04691400779231": "February", "572945b11d04691400779232": "February", "572949306aef051400154c68": "the IPCC, far from overstating dangers", "572949306aef051400154c69": "the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001", "572949306aef051400154c6a": "the IPCC, far from overstating dangers and risks, have actually understated them is a study", "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "the previous IPCC assessment reports", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "the IPCC and coordinating lead author of the Fifth Assessment Report conceded in Science Magazine's State of the Planet 2008", "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "the previous IPCC assessment reports", "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "the Montreal Protocol", "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "Kyoto", "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "the IPCC is having built a broad science consensus while states and governments still follow different, if not opposing goals", "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "the UK government made a stronger argument in favor", "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "the distribution of emission reductions remain an unsolved", "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "The stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge was based as well on successfully reducing regional burden sharing conflicts", "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "the UK government", "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "the basis of scientific papers and independently documented", "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "the basis of scientific papers and independently documented results from other scientific bodies, and its schedule for producing reports requires a deadline for submissions prior", "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "the basis of scientific papers and independently documented", "572951f16aef051400154cce": "February", "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "February", "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "the IPCC. They suggested a range of new organizational options", "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference", "572953013f37b3190047824d": "a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, much amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants. The number of chlor", "572953013f37b3190047824e": "storage", "572953013f37b3190047824f": "storage", "572953013f37b31900478250": "organic molecules from carbon dioxide", "572953013f37b31900478251": "a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, much amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants. The number of chlor", "5729544c3f37b31900478257": ", contain their own DNA, which is thought to be inherited from their ancestor\u2014a photosynthetic cyanobacterium", "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "loroplasts are highly dynamic\u2014they circulate and are moved around within plant cells, and occasionally pinch in two to reproduce. Their behavior", "5729544c3f37b31900478259": ", contain their own DNA, which is thought to be inherited from their ancestor\u2014a photosynthetic cyanobacterium", "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": ", which is thought to be inherited from their ancestor\u2014a photosynthetic cyanobacterium that was engulfed by an early eukaryotic cell", "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": ", contain their own DNA, which is thought to be inherited from their ancestor\u2014a photosynthetic cyanobacterium", "572956c86aef051400154d1a": ". Chlor", "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Konstantin Mereschkowski in 1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1d": "1905", "572956c86aef051400154d1e": "18", "572957361d046914007792cf": "C", "572957361d046914007792d0": "the outside of the thylakoid", "572957361d046914007792d2": "two", "572957361d046914007792d3": "the outside of the thylakoid", "572957361d046914007792d1": "the outside of the thylakoid", "572957ad1d046914007792d9": "a free-living cyanobacterium", "572957ad1d046914007792da": "the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell", "572957ad1d046914007792db": "two", "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell", "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "the nucleus of the host. Some of its proteins were then synthesized in the cytoplasm of the host cell", "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "the same thing as chlor", "5729582b1d046914007792e4": "the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three", "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three", "5729582b1d046914007792e6": "chloroplastidan, or green", "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three", "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": "the first organisms to contain a chloroplast. The glaucophyte chloroplast group is the smallest of the three", "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "the first organisms to contain a chloroplast", "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "the first organisms to contain a chloroplast", "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "Glaucophyte chloroplasts also contain concentric unstacked thylakoids", "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "the first organisms to contain a chloroplast", "57295a116aef051400154d44": "the phycobilin phycoerytherin is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color", "57295a116aef051400154d45": "the phycobilin phycoerytherin is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color", "57295a116aef051400154d46": "the phycobilin phycoerytherin is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color", "57295a116aef051400154d47": "the phycobilin phycoerytherin is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color", "57295a116aef051400154d48": "the cytoplasm", "57295b5b1d04691400779315": ", though some aren't, like some forms of H\u00e6matococ", "57295b5b1d04691400779316": ", though some aren't, like some forms of H\u00e6matococ", "57295b5b1d04691400779317": ", though some aren't, like some forms of H\u00e6matococ", "57295b5b1d04691400779318": ", though they've been repurposed for use in chloroplast division instead", "57295b5b1d04691400779319": "omes", "572961f61d04691400779359": "two", "572961f61d0469140077935a": "two", "572961f61d0469140077935b": "two", "572961f61d0469140077935c": "two", "572961f61d0469140077935d": "two", "572962953f37b319004782f5": "the form of paramylon", "572962953f37b319004782f6": "the form of paramylon", "572962953f37b319004782f7": "the form of paramylon", "572962953f37b319004782f8": "Starch", "572962953f37b319004782f9": "three", "572963221d04691400779385": "the place that corresponds to the red alga's cytoplasm", "572963221d04691400779386": "the place that corresponds to the red alga's cytoplasm", "572963221d04691400779387": "the place that corresponds to the red alga's cytoplasm", "572963221d04691400779388": "the place that corresponds to the red alga's cytoplasm", "572963221d04691400779389": "two", "572963876aef051400154dd2": "Apicomplexans", "572963876aef051400154dd3": ", but it is now known that the helicosproida are green algae rather than chromalveolates. The apicomplexans", "572963876aef051400154dd4": "The apicomplexans include Plasmodium", "572963876aef051400154dd5": "a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast called an apic", "572963876aef051400154dd6": "Apicomplexans", "5729645b3f37b31900478321": "They are bounded by four", "5729645b3f37b31900478322": "the apic", "5729645b3f37b31900478323": "They are bounded by four", "5729645b3f37b31900478324": "They are bounded by four", "5729645b3f37b31900478325": "four", "572965566aef051400154e00": "the peridinin-type chloroplast, characterized", "572965566aef051400154e01": "the peridinin-type chloroplast, characterized", "572965566aef051400154e02": "oids", "572965566aef051400154e03": "the peridinin-type chloroplast, characterized", "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "four", "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "four", "572965e73f37b3190047832d": "four", "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "four", "572966626aef051400154e13": ", and the chloroplast has been stripped of its nucleomorph and outermost two membranes, leaving just a two", "572966626aef051400154e14": "two", "572966626aef051400154e12": "two", "572966626aef051400154e15": "two", "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "The diatom", "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "a diatom (heterokontophyte) derived chlor", "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": "five", "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": "The diatom", "572967e31d046914007793b1": "The chloroplast is surrounded by two membranes and has no nucleomorph\u2014all the nucleomorph genes have been transferred to the dinophyte nucleus", "572967e31d046914007793b2": "the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage. The chloroplast is surrounded by two", "572967e31d046914007793b3": "the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage. The chloroplast is surrounded by two", "572967e31d046914007793b4": "the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage. The chloroplast is surrounded by two", "572967e31d046914007793b5": "the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage. The chloroplast is surrounded by two", "5729686d1d046914007793c1": "the nucleus of their host. About 0.3\u20130.8% of the nuclear DNA in Paulinella is from the chromatophore", "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "the nucleus of their host. About 0.3\u20130.8% of the nuclear DNA in Paulinella is from the chromatophore", "5729686d1d046914007793c3": "million", "5729686d1d046914007793c4": "850", "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "million", "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "1986", "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "1986", "572968cf1d046914007793cd": "1962", "572968cf1d046914007793ce": "1986", "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "1986", "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "the genomes of cyanobacteria and the other two chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyce\u00e6", "57296977af94a219006aa3be": "the genomes of cyanobacteria and the other two chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyce\u00e6", "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": "the genomes of cyanobacteria and the other two chloroplast lineages (glaucophyta and rhodophyce\u00e6", "572969f51d046914007793dd": "the idea that chloroplast DNA replicates using a double displacement loop", "572969f51d046914007793de": "two", "572969f51d046914007793e0": "the idea that chloroplast DNA replicates using a double displacement loop (D-loop). As the D-loop", "572969f51d046914007793df": "the idea that chloroplast DNA replicates using a double displacement loop", "572969f51d046914007793e1": "the idea that chloroplast DNA replicates using a double displacement loop", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": "there are several", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": "there are several", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": "a second", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": "a second", "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": "a second", "57296ab93f37b31900478369": ", then a D-loop mechanism of replication", "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": "the same time, homologous", "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": "replication", "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": "the same time, homologous", "57296b151d046914007793f1": "evidence", "57296b151d046914007793f2": "the presence of many green algal genes in the diatom nucleus", "57296b151d046914007793f3": ", while diatoms", "57296b151d046914007793f4": ", while diatoms", "57296bf96aef051400154e52": "the mitochondrial genome\u2014most became nonfunctional pseudogenes, though a few tRNA genes", "57296bf96aef051400154e53": "half", "57296bf96aef051400154e54": ", though a few tRNA genes still work in the mitochondrion", "57296bf96aef051400154e55": "the cell membrane", "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "a ribosome", "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "the same time, they have to keep just enough shape so that they can be recognized by the chloroplast", "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "the same time, they have to keep just enough shape so that they can be recognized by the chloroplast", "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "the same time, they have to keep just enough shape so that they can be recognized by the chloroplast", "57296cb21d04691400779403": "the edges of the cell (e.g., Spirogyra", "57296cb21d04691400779404": "5\u20138", "57296cb21d04691400779405": "the edges of the cell (e.g., Spirogyra", "57296cb21d04691400779406": "the edges of the cell (e.g., Spirogyra", "57296cb21d04691400779407": "the edges of the cell (e.g., Spirogyra", "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "double", "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "There are some common misconceptions about the outer and inner chloroplast membranes. The fact that chloroplasts are surrounded by a double", "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": "the cyanobacterium", "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. In addition, in terms of function, the inner chlor", "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": "the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. In addition, in terms of function, the inner chlor", "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation", "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. In addition, in terms of function, the inner chlor", "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "the opposite direction compared to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. In addition, in terms of function, the inner chlor", "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "Stromules are very rare in chloroplasts, and are much more common in other plastids like chromoplasts", "57296de03f37b3190047839c": ", there is a growing body of evidence that stromules are functional, integral features of plant cell plastids", "57296de03f37b3190047839d": ", there is a growing body of evidence that stromules are functional, integral features of plant cell plastids", "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "1962", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": "the chloroplast peripheral reticulum", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": "the chloroplast peripheral reticulum", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "The chloroplast peripheral reticulum", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "the chloroplast peripheral reticulum", "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": "The small vesicles sometimes observed may serve as transport vesicles", "57296eb01d04691400779435": ", which they use to synthesize a small fraction of their proteins. Chlor", "57296eb01d04691400779436": "two", "57296eb01d04691400779437": "two-thirds the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes", "57296eb01d04691400779438": ", so chloroplast ribosomes include some chloroplast-unique features. Small subunit ribosomal RNAs in several", "57296eb01d04691400779439": "recognition", "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer. Plastogl", "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": ", or when it ages and transitions into a gerontoplast. Plastogl", "57296eee6aef051400154e90": ", or when it ages and transitions into a gerontoplast. Plastogl", "57296eee6aef051400154e91": ", or when it ages and transitions into a gerontoplast. Plastogl", "57296eee6aef051400154e92": ", or when it ages and transitions into a gerontoplast. Plastogl", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": "the vast majority of plastoglobuli occur singularly, attached directly to their parent thylakoid", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "the vast majority of plastoglobuli occur singularly, attached directly to their parent thylakoid", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": "the vast majority of plastogl", "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "the vast majority of plastoglobuli occur singularly, attached directly to their parent thylakoid. In old or stressed chloroplasts", "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "a site of starch accumulation in plants that contain them. They consist of a matrix opaque to electrons, surrounded by two", "57296f85af94a219006aa404": "a site of starch accumulation in plants that contain them. They consist of a matrix opaque to electrons, surrounded by two", "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "a site of starch accumulation in plants that contain them. They consist of a matrix opaque to electrons, surrounded by two", "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "a site of starch accumulation", "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "a site of starch accumulation", "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "the helical thylakoid model, grana consist of a stack of flattened circular granal thylakoids", "57296fd71d04691400779440": "two", "57296fd71d04691400779441": "two", "57296fd71d04691400779442": "two", "57296fd71d04691400779443": ", also known as frets or lamellar thylakoids", "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": "II", "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": "Photosystem II", "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "the thylakoid membranes are important protein complexes which carry out the light reactions of photosynthesis. Photosystem II", "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "the thylakoid membrane use the energized", "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": "ATP synthase", "572970916aef051400154eba": "two", "572970916aef051400154ebb": "two types", "572970916aef051400154ebc": "two types", "572970916aef051400154ebe": "two types", "572970916aef051400154ebd": "the stroma. Granal thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300\u2013600 nanometers", "57297103af94a219006aa423": "There are about thirty", "57297103af94a219006aa424": ", are also common. Many other forms of carotenoids", "57297103af94a219006aa425": ". Xanthophylls, especially the orange-red zeaxanthin, are also common. Many other forms of carotenoids", "57297103af94a219006aa426": "the fall, when the leaves of some land plants change color. \u03b2-carotene is a bright red-orange", "57297103af94a219006aa427": ", are also common", "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": ", and cryptophyte chloroplasts. Phycobilins come in all colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": ", and cryptophyte chloroplasts. Phycobilins come in all colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": ", and cryptophyte chloroplasts. Phycobilins come in all colors", "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "omes", "5729714daf94a219006aa431": "40 nanometers across called phycobilisomes", "572971af6aef051400154ede": "the end result of ATP energy being wasted and CO2", "572971af6aef051400154edf": "the process of photosynthesis, chloroplasts use an enzyme called rubisco. Rubisco", "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "the process of photosynthesis, chloroplasts use an enzyme called rubisco. Rubisco has a problem\u2014it has trouble", "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "the end result of ATP energy being wasted and CO2 being released, all with no sugar being produced. This is a big problem, since O2", "572971af6aef051400154ee2": "the process of photosynthesis, chloroplasts use an enzyme called rubisco. Rubisco", "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": "four", "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "four", "5729723c6aef051400154eea": "four", "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": "a four", "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "four", "5729729a1d0469140077948b": ", though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue. A plant cell", "5729729a1d0469140077948c": ", or more specifically, the chlorophyll in them are what make the photos", "5729729a1d0469140077948d": "A plant cell which contains chloroplasts is known as a chlorenchyma cell", "5729729a1d0469140077948e": "A plant cell which contains chloroplasts is known as a chlorenchyma cell", "5729729a1d0469140077948f": "A plant cell which contains chloroplasts is known as a chlorenchyma cell", "572972f46aef051400154ef2": ", as well as much less chlorophyll. Chlor", "572972f46aef051400154ef3": ", as well as much less chlorophyll. Chlor", "572972f46aef051400154ef6": ", and the guard cells", "572972f46aef051400154ef4": "million", "572972f46aef051400154ef5": "the epidermis", "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "the reason why land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones. Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": "the reason why land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones. Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": "the reason why land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones. Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "the reason why land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones. Chloroplast movement", "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": "Mitochondria", "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": "two", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "the hypersensitive response", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "systemic acquired resistance, where infected cells", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "Chloropl", "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "Chloroplasts stimulate both responses by purposely damaging", "57297427af94a219006aa453": ", but instead pass on their signal to an unknown second messenger molecule. All these molecules initiate retrograde signaling", "57297427af94a219006aa454": ", but instead pass on their signal to an unknown second messenger molecule. All these molecules initiate retrograde signaling", "57297427af94a219006aa455": ", but instead pass on their signal to an unknown second messenger molecule. All these molecules initiate retrograde signaling", "57297427af94a219006aa456": ", but instead pass on their signal to an unknown second messenger molecule. All these molecules initiate retrograde signaling", "572974923f37b3190047840b": "the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photos", "572974923f37b3190047840c": "the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photos", "572974923f37b3190047840d": "the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photos", "572974923f37b3190047840e": "the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photos", "572974923f37b3190047840f": "the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photos", "572975073f37b31900478415": "a thousand times as many) inside the thylakoid system than in the stroma. The hydrogen ions in the thylakoid", "572975073f37b31900478416": "a thousand times as many) inside the thylakoid system than in the stroma. The hydrogen ions in the thylakoid", "572975073f37b31900478417": "thousand", "572975073f37b31900478418": "the thylakoid space then diffuse back down their concentration gradient, flowing back out into the stroma through ATP synthase", "572975073f37b31900478419": "a thousand times as many) inside the thylakoid", "572975511d046914007794a7": "I", "572975511d046914007794a8": "the end of an electron transport chain. Normally, the reenergized", "572975511d046914007794a9": "the end of an electron transport chain. Normally, the reenergized", "572975511d046914007794aa": "the end of an electron transport chain. Normally, the reenergized", "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "the enzyme Rubisco", "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "The result is unstable six", "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "unstable six", "572975a3af94a219006aa468": "The result is unstable six-carbon molecules that immediately break down into three-carbon molecules called 3-phosphoglyceric", "572976183f37b31900478431": "the chloroplast. Under conditions such as high atmospheric CO2 concentrations, these starch grains may grow very large, distorting the grana", "572976183f37b31900478432": "Under conditions such as high atmospheric CO2 concentrations, these starch grains may grow very large", "572976183f37b31900478433": "the thylakoids, but leave them intact. Waterlogged roots can also cause starch buildup", "572976183f37b31900478434": "Waterlogged roots can also cause starch buildup", "572976183f37b31900478435": "the efficiency of photosynthesis, and might simply be a side effect of another photosynthesis-depressing factor", "572976791d046914007794af": "the efficiency of photosynthesis. These mechanisms are called carbon dioxide", "572976791d046914007794b0": "the efficiency of photosynthesis. These mechanisms are called carbon dioxide", "572976791d046914007794b1": "the efficiency of photosynthesis. These mechanisms are called carbon dioxide", "572976791d046914007794b2": "the efficiency of photosynthesis. These mechanisms are called carbon dioxide", "572976791d046914007794b3": "the efficiency of photosynthesis. These mechanisms are called carbon dioxide", "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "the chloroplast (the proplastid too) but it is also synthesized", "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": "Cysteine is made in the chloroplast (the proplastid too) but it is also synthesized", "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "Cysteine is made in the chloroplast (the proplastid too) but it is also synthesized", "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "The chloroplast is known to make the precursors to methionine but it is unclear", "57297725af94a219006aa49b": ", though the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably", "57297725af94a219006aa49c": ", though the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. There are many other types of plastids, which carry out various functions. All chlor", "57297725af94a219006aa49d": ", though the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. There are many other types of plastids, which carry out various functions. All chlor", "57297725af94a219006aa49e": "Ch", "5729779b6aef051400154f62": "a few minutes of light exposure, the prolamellar body begins to reorganize", "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "a few minutes of light exposure, the prolamellar body begins to reorganize", "5729779b6aef051400154f64": "a few minutes of light exposure, the prolamellar body begins to reorganize", "5729779b6aef051400154f65": "a few minutes of light exposure, the prolamellar body begins to reorganize", "5729779b6aef051400154f66": "a few minutes of light exposure, the prolamellar body begins to reorganize", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": ", and it is possible for proplastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": ", and it is possible for proplastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": ", and it is possible for proplastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": ", and it is possible for proplastids", "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": "chloroplasts and other plastids can turn back into proplastids", "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2", "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z-ring within the chloroplast's stroma. The Min system", "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z", "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z", "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "the help of a protein ARC6, form a structure called a Z", "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": "two", "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "two", "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "two", "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "two", "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "two", "572978e66aef051400154f76": "division. Chloroplasts can grow and progress through some of the constriction stages under poor quality green light, but are slow to complete division", "572978e66aef051400154f78": ", but are slow to complete division\u2014they require exposure to bright white light to complete division", "572978e66aef051400154f79": "the population of dumbbell-shaped chloroplasts", "572978e66aef051400154f77": "bright white light to complete division", "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "the creation and cultivation of genetically modified", "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": "the creation and cultivation of genetically modified", "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "the coexistence of conventional and organic agriculture. While the reliability of this mechanism has not yet been studied for all relevant crop species, recent results in tobacco", "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "the creation and cultivation of genetically modified", "57296d571d04691400779413": ", whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57296d571d04691400779414": ", whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2", "57296d571d04691400779415": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57296d571d04691400779416": "product", "57296d571d04691400779417": "1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization", "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "primality", "57296f293f37b319004783a4": ", such as Mersenne numbers. As of January 2016", "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "Algorithms", "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "Algorithms", "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22", "572970c11d04691400779463": "the 19th century, which says that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n", "572970c11d04691400779464": "the end of the 19th century, which says that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n", "572970c11d04691400779465": "the end of the 19th century, which says that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n", "572970c11d04691400779466": "the end of the 19th century, which says that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n", "572970c11d04691400779467": "19th century", "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors. Prime numbers give rise to various generalizations", "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "2", "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2). Such questions spurred the development of various branches of number theory", "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "the difficulty", "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors. Prime numbers give rise to various generalizations", "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3 \u00b7 4. No even number greater than 2", "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3 \u00b7 4. No even number greater than 2", "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3 \u00b7 4. No even number greater than 2", "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "the right illustrates that 12 is not prime: 12 = 3 \u00b7 4", "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "2", "57297547af94a219006aa45b": "the early 20th century, mathematicians began to accept that 1 is not a prime number, but rather forms its own special category as a \"unit", "57297547af94a219006aa45c": "Christian Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297547af94a219006aa45d": "Christian Goldbach listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler", "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "the 19th century many mathematicians still considered the number 1 to be a prime. For example, Derrick Norman Lehmer", "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "the early 20th century, mathematicians began to accept that 1 is not a prime number, but rather forms its own special category as a \"unit", "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "Similarly, the sieve of Eratosthenes", "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": ", but Euclid's fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": ", the prime numbers have several", "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "eliminate all multiples", "572978f91d046914007794d3": "the Rhind papyrus", "572978f91d046914007794d4": "Ancient Greeks", "572978f91d046914007794d5": "Euclid's Elements (circa 300 BC", "572978f91d046914007794d6": "Euclid", "572978f91d046914007794d7": "The Sieve of Eratosthenes, attributed to Eratosthenes, is a simple method", "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", "57297a276aef051400154f89": "Pierre", "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "4", "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "4", "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "Pierre", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "method", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "the primality of a given integer n is called trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "the primality of a given integer n is called trial division", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "three", "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "the square root of n", "57297d421d046914007794e5": "two", "57297d421d046914007794e6": "two", "57297d421d046914007794e7": "two", "57297d421d046914007794e8": "For example, trial division", "57297d421d046914007794e9": "Monte Carlo", "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "the Fermat primality", "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "the Fermat primality test, which relies", "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "A flaw", "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "More powerful extensions of the Fermat primality", "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "More powerful extensions of the Fermat primality", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "the dawn of electronic computers", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "2", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "2", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": "the dawn of electronic computers", "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "the dawn of electronic computers", "572982e66aef051400154f92": "the largest", "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", "572982e66aef051400154f94": "2009", "572982e66aef051400154f95": "Electronic Frontier Foundation", "572982e76aef051400154f96": "interval", "572985011d04691400779501": "largest", "572985011d04691400779502": "the number in question. The latter formula can be shown using Bertrand's postulate (proven first by Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779503": ". Another formula is based on Wilson's theorem and generates the number 2 many times and all other primes", "572985011d04691400779504": "the number in question. The latter formula can be shown using Bertrand's postulate (proven first by Chebyshev", "572985011d04691400779505": "Wilson", "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "the long run\u2014the density of all primes congruent", "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions", "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "the long run\u2014the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "the long run\u2014the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9", "572987e46aef051400154fa6": ", and 8", "572989846aef051400154fc0": "the following identity (Basel problem), due to Euler", "572989846aef051400154fc1": "the following identity (Basel problem), due to Euler", "572989846aef051400154fc2": "the following identity (Basel problem), due to Euler", "572989846aef051400154fc3": "the following identity (Basel problem), due to Euler", "572989846aef051400154fc4": "the following identity (Basel problem), due to Euler", "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", "57298ef11d0469140077952e": "2", "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "the distribution of primes only comes from random noise", "57298ef11d04691400779530": "the distribution of primes only comes from random noise. From a mathematical viewpoint", "57298ef11d04691400779531": "the distribution of primes only comes from random noise. From a mathematical viewpoint, it roughly states that the asymptotic distribution of primes", "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "two", "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "1912", "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "February", "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "two", "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "the sum of six primes. The branch of number theory", "572991943f37b319004784a1": "the distribution of primes. It is conjectured that there are infinitely many twin primes, pairs of primes with difference 2", "572991943f37b319004784a2": "the distribution of primes. It is conjectured that there are infinitely many twin primes, pairs of primes with difference 2", "572991943f37b319004784a3": "the form n2 + 1. These conjectures are special cases of the broad Schinzel's hypothesis H. Brocard", "572991943f37b319004784a4": "the form n2 + 1. These conjectures are special cases of the broad Schinzel", "572991943f37b319004784a5": "four", "57299326af94a219006aa515": "the study", "57299326af94a219006aa516": "G. H. Hardy prided themselves", "57299326af94a219006aa517": "1970s", "57299326af94a219006aa518": "the 1970", "57299326af94a219006aa519": "the creation of public key cryptography algorithms. Prime numbers are also used for hash tables and pseudor", "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "the following: if p is a prime number other than 2", "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "the following: if p is a prime number other than 2", "572995d46aef051400154fea": "Wilson", "572995d46aef051400154feb": "4", "572995d46aef051400154fec": "the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p \u2212 1", "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "the assumption that it is much easier (i.e.,", "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "the assumption that it is much easier (i.e.,", "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512", "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "the assumption that it is much easier (i.e.,", "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "1024", "572998673f37b319004784d5": "a few weeks at most. The logic for this is believed to be that the prime number intervals between emergences make it very difficult for predators", "572998673f37b319004784d6": "the genus Magic", "572998673f37b319004784d7": "emerge", "572998673f37b319004784d8": "a few weeks at most. The logic for this is believed to be that the prime number intervals between emergences make it very difficult for predators", "572998673f37b319004784d9": "a few weeks at most. The logic for this is believed to be that the prime number intervals between emergences make it very difficult for predators", "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two", "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two", "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two nontrivial knots. Any knot", "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two", "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "the sense that it cannot be written as the knot sum of two", "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "R, an algebraic structure", "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "two", "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "two", "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "the following requirement: given x and y", "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "the following requirement: given x and y", "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57299d1c1d04691400779582": ", whereas rational primes of the form 4", "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "the Gaussian integers Z", "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b", "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "4", "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "In ring theory", "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals", "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra", "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "fundamental theorem of arithmetic", "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra", "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory", "5729a03f1d04691400779594": ", and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization", "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "the ring of integers of quadratic number fields can be used in proving quadratic reciprocity", "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "the ring of integers of quadratic number fields can be used in proving quadratic reciprocity", "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "norm", "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "norm", "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "norm", "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "norm", "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "the movements of nature", "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "the movements of nature", "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "the movements of nature", "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "the third \u00e9tude, \"Neumes rythmiques", "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "movements of nature", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "the Netherlands", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "the Netherlands", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "the Netherlands. The biggest city on the river Rhine is Cologne", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": "the second", "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "the Netherlands", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "the Netherlands", "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "R\u0113nos", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "the influence of Greek orthography, while the vocalisation -i", "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "R\u0113nos", "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "the influence of Greek orthography, while the vocalisation -i", "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "Rijn", "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine is more difficult to measure objectively; it was cited as 1,232 kilometres (766 miles", "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in \"Rhine-kilometers", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine is more difficult to measure objectively; it was cited as 1,232 kilometres (766 miles", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine is more difficult to measure objectively; it was cited as 1,232 kilometres (766 miles", "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "the inclusion of Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine is more difficult to measure objectively; it was cited as 1,232 kilometres (766 miles", "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "to the north", "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "86", "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnd", "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "Near", "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "East", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnd", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "86", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnd", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley", "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "East", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "the local Alemannic", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "the West by the Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East", "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "the East by a modern canalized", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "the local Alemannic dialect, the singular is pronounced \"I", "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "the East by a modern canalized", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "the West by the Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East by a modern canalized", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "the West by the Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\") and in the East", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "two", "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "the Austrian towns of Gai\u00dfau, H\u00f6chst and Fu\u00dfach. The natural Rhine originally branched into at least two", "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": ", and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color", "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "a lower canal at Fu\u00dfach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": ", and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color", "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "Dornbirner Ach", "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "It is expected that the continuous input of sediment", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": ", and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": ", and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": ", and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too", "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": ", and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "the German states of Bavaria and Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "the German states of Bavaria and Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "the south following the Swiss-Austrian", "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "Obersee (\"upper", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "the German states of Bavaria and Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "the German states of Bavaria and Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "the south following the Swiss-Austrian", "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "the German states of Bavaria", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "the surface at the northern", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "the surface at the northern", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen. Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper into the Rheinrinne", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "the surface at the northern", "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "the surface at the northern", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen. Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper into the Rheinrinne", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "the surface at the northern", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen. Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper into the Rheinrinne", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "the island of Mainau into Lake \u00dcberlingen. Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper into the Rheinrinne", "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "level", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "ward", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "major tributary, the river Aare", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": "The Aare more than doubles", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "a fifth of the discharge at the Dutch border. The Aare also contains the waters from the 4", "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": ", until it turns north at the so-called Rhine knee at Basel", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "ward", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "major tributary, the river Aare", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "The Aare more than doubles", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn", "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "The Rhine roughly", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "the centre of Basel", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the \"Rhine knee", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "300", "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "40", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "the centre of Basel", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "the centre of Basel, the first major city", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "the course of the stream, is located the \"Rhine knee\"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "the centre of Basel", "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "the Central Bridge", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "19", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "the 19", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "the 19", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "Grand", "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "Upper", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "the 19", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "the 19", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly", "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "the Grand Canal", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "2", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "2", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "the Rhine via the Moselle", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "Northeastern France", "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "400", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "the Rhine via the Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "the Rhine via the Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "the Rhine via the Moselle", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "Northeastern France", "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "2", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "the Middle Rhine", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "the Rhine Gorge", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river which is known for its many castles and vineyards. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "40", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "the river which is known for its many castles and vineyards. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2002", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised", "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "World Heritage Site", "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "the early 1980s, industry", "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Du", "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "the sea ports of Rotterdam, Antwerp and Amsterdam. The Ruhr", "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "drinking", "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "along", "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "the early 1980", "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "the early 1980s, industry", "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "the early 1980s, industry", "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Du", "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "the early 1980s, industry", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "the epitome of the Rhine romanticism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "UNESCO World Heritage Site", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei", "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Near", "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Du", "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "the largest river port in Europe (Duisport). The region downstream of Duisburg is more agricultural. In Wes", "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "the most important cities in this region is Duis", "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "Em", "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400", "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": "the most important cities in this region is Duis", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "the Rhine-Ruhr region", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Du", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "Em", "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "the North Sea", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "the village of Kinderdijk, to form the Nieuwe Maas; then flows past Rotterdam", "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": "the main flow of water. Two", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "the main flow of water. Two", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "the main flow of water. Two", "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "the village of Kinderdijk, to form the Nieuwe Maas; then flows past Rotterdam", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "the North Sea", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "IJssel and Nederrijn", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederri", "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "the North Sea", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the Waal", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "the North Sea", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "two", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "Wijk", "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "the North Sea", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": ", is used only for smaller streams farther", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "Oude Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "Oude Rijn", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Oude Rijn (\"Old", "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "Oude Rijn (\"Old Rhine\"). The latter flows west into a sluice at Katwijk", "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "the most important natural region of the Netherlands", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "the most important natural region of the Netherlands", "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "the most important natural region of the Netherlands", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "two", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "three", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "two", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "Nieu", "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "Het Scheur", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "St. Elizabeth's flood (1421", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "St. Elizabeth's flood (1421", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "St. Elizabeth's flood (1421", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From 1421 to 1904", "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From 1421 to 1904", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "the mouths of the Nieuwe Merwede, Nieuwe Waterway (Nieuwe Maas), Dordtse Kil", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "the mouths of the Nieuwe Merwede, Nieuwe Waterway (Nieuwe Maas), Dordtse Kil", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "the mouths of the Nieuwe Merwede, Nieuwe Waterway (Nieuwe Maas), Dordtse Kil", "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "Works", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "the construction of the Delta Works", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "the construction of the Delta Works", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to Nijmegen", "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to Nijmegen", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "The present Mediterranean Sea", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "the edge of the latter plate in the Alpine Orogeny of the Oligocene and Miocene Periods. Several", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "the edge of the latter plate in the Alpine Orogeny of the Oligocene and Miocene Periods. Several", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "the opening of the Tethys Ocean", "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "the edge of the latter plate in the Alpine Orogeny of the Oligocene and Miocene Periods. Several", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "the Eocene", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "The main elements of this rift are the Upper Rhine Graben, in southwest", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "Miocene", "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "the southeastern Netherlands. By the time of the Miocene", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "the early Pleistocene", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "the early Pleistocene", "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "the early Pleistocene", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "the Early Pleistocene", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "the Early Pleistocene", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "Early", "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "the English Channel. Since then, during glacial times, the river mouth was located offshore of Brest, France", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two", "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "two", "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier. A tundra, with Ice Age flora and fauna", "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier. A tundra", "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "the Atlantic Ocean. Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 22", "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "the Atlantic Ocean. Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 22", "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "the Alps, but left the space between as open tundra. The loess or wind-blown", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "22", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": "the ocean and land subsidence, drowned the former coasts of Europe transgression", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": "-inundated. Meltwater, adding to the ocean and land subsidence, drowned the former coasts of Europe transgression", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": "about", "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "the ocean and land subsidence, drowned the former coasts of Europe transgression", "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location", "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location", "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location", "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location", "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location", "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "the Netherlands, the formation of the Hol", "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta began (~8,000 years ago", "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "the Netherlands, the formation of the Hol", "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "level", "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "the 11\u201313th century AD. There", "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "the 11\u201313th century AD. There", "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "the sediment", "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "11", "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "80", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "the north and enters the IJsselmeer", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "three", "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "the former Meuse estuary, near Rotterdam", "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "1932", "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "three", "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "the 1st century BC in Roman-era geography. At that time, it formed the boundary between Gaul", "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "the 1st century BC in Roman-era geography. At that time, it formed the boundary between Gaul", "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "the 6th century BC", "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "the 1st century BC in Roman-era geography. At that time, it formed the boundary", "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "the death of Augustus in AD 14", "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "Rome", "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "the death of Augustus in AD 14 until after AD 70, Rome", "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "the death of Augustus in AD 14 until after AD 70, Rome", "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "the death of Augustus in AD 14 until after AD 70, Rome", "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "the army of Germania Inferior, two legions at Vetera (Xanten), I Germanica", "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "five", "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "five", "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "five", "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "the 5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy", "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "the 5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy", "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "the 5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy", "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Sieg", "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "the 5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy", "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": "the 10th century, it was fully within the Holy Roman", "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": "the 10th century", "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": "the 10th century, it was fully within the Holy Roman", "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "the county of Holland", "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "the county of Holland", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "1840", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "-term goal", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "1806", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "1840", "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "1840", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "the end of World War I, the Rhineland was subject to the Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "1930 and the German army re-occupied it in 1936", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "the end of World War I, the Rhineland was subject to the Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "the end of World War I, the Rhineland was subject to the Treaty of Versailles", "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "1936", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "World War II", "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "September 1944", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized", "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe", "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "1932", "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "1932", "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "1932", "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "1932", "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "1932", "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "May 1999", "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "1998", "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "the United Kingdom", "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "to the Parliament of the United Kingdom", "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "the Parliament of the United Kingdom", "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "lack of a Parliament of Scotland", "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "the next three hundred years, Scotland", "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "the principal objectives of the commission was to examine ways of enabling more self-government for Scotland", "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "1960", "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "Assembly", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "North Sea", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "campaign", "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "1974", "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "the terms of the Scotland Act 1978", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": "the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979", "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "32", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "the United Kingdom was controlled by the Conservative Party, while Scotland itself elected relatively few Conservative MPs. In the aftermath of the 1979", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "the United Kingdom was controlled by the Conservative", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1989", "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "Convention", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "September 2004", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "the Scottish Parliament has been a new Scottish Parliament Building", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "the Holyrood area of Edinburgh. The Scottish Parliament building was designed by Spanish architect Enric Miralles", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "the Scottish Parliament has been a new Scottish", "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Queen Elizabeth II opened the new building on 9 October 2004", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "twice", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "the University of Aberdeen in May 2002", "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "the University of Aberdeen in May 2002", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "May 2002", "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "May 2000", "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "the City of Edinburgh Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "the City of Edinburgh Council. The former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "the City of Edinburgh Council. The former administrative building of Lothian Regional Council", "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "the headquarters of the pre-1975 Midlothian County", "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "the headquarters of the pre-1975 Midlothian County Council) housed the Parliament's visitors' centre and shop, whilst the main hall", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "the beginning of each parliamentary session, Parliament elects one MSP to serve as Presiding Officer", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "the Scottish Parliament, at the beginning of each parliamentary session, Parliament elects one MSP to serve as Presiding Officer", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "two", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "the Scottish Parliament, at the beginning of each parliamentary session, Parliament elects one MSP to serve as Presiding Officer", "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "the beginning of each parliamentary session, Parliament elects one MSP to serve as Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "the roles of the Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "the roles of the Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "the roles of the Presiding Officer", "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "The Presiding Officer", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "the middle section of the chamber. The largest party in the Parliament sits in the middle of the semicircle", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "the middle of the semicircle, with opposing parties on either side. The Presiding Officer", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": "131", "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": "the middle section of the chamber. The largest party in the Parliament sits in the middle of the semicircle", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": "the authority of the Parliament in its ability to make laws. Presented to the Scottish", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "the authority of the Parliament in its ability to make laws. Presented to the Scottish", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "July 1999", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "the authority of the Parliament in its ability to make laws. Presented to the Scottish", "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "the authority of the Parliament in its ability to make laws. Presented to the Scottish Parliament", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "April", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "the BBC's parliamentary channel BBC Parliament. Proceedings are also recorded in text form, in print and online, in the Official Report", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "the public", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "the public. Entry is free, but booking in advance is recommended due to limited space. Meetings are broadcast on the Parliament's own channel Holyro", "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "Official Report", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Time", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "four", "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "the House of Commons. Speakers are drawn from across Scotland and are chosen to represent the balance of religious beliefs according to the Scottish census. Invitations", "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "Speakers are drawn from across Scotland and are chosen to represent the balance of religious beliefs", "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "the advice of the parliamentary bureau. Faith groups can make direct representations to the Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "the amount of time for which they are allowed to speak. Normally, the Presiding Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "Officer", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "balance", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "Typically", "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "The Scottish Parliament has conducted debates in the Gaelic", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "5", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "Dec", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "the motions and amendments that have been moved that day. This \"Decision", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "a result, the outcome of each division", "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "the chamber to return and vote. At Decision Time, the Presiding Officer puts questions", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSP", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSP", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "MSPs, known as whips", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "free votes\", which allows Members to vote as they please. This is typically", "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSP", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "a particular area", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "a particular area", "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "a particular area", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "other", "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "The relevant minister", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "the work of the Scottish Parliament is done in committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": "the work of the Scottish Parliament is done in committee", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "the work of the Scottish Parliament is done in committee. The role of committees is stronger in the Scottish", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "the fact that there is no revising chamber. The principal role", "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "locations", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "the fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament are: Public Audit; Equal Opportunities", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "the fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament are: Public Audit; Equal Opportunities", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "the fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament are: Public Audit; Equal Opportunities", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Mandatory Committees", "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "the fourth Session of the Scottish Parliament are: Public Audit; Equal Opportunities", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "the beginning", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "the beginning of each parliamentary session, and again the members on each committee reflect the balance of parties across Parliament. Typically", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "Committees", "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "the Scottish Government. The current Subject Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "the use of land or property. Private Bill Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "the use of land or property. Private Bill Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "the use of land or property. Private Bill Committees", "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Committees", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "November 1998", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "The Scotland Act 2012", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "the Parliament", "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "the United Kingdom and given royal assent by Queen Elizabeth II on 19 November 1998", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "5", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "the Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "the Scottish", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "The Scottish Parliament", "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "The 2012", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "The Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "The Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved to, and dealt with at, Westminster", "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament. The Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved", "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "The Scottish Parliament is unable to legislate on such issues that are reserved to, and dealt with at, Westminster", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "the governing party. Bills", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "a number of ways; the Scottish Government", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "a private member", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "the governing party.", "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "the governing party. Bills", "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2", "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "the general principles of the bill. If the whole Parliament agrees in a vote to the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2", "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "the Presiding Officer", "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2", "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "the final form of the bill, members proceed to vote at Decision", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "two", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "the final form of the bill, members proceed to vote at Decision", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "the final form of the bill, members proceed to vote at Decision", "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "the final form of the bill, members proceed to vote at Decision", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Scottish Government or UK Government can refer the bill to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "Supreme Court", "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "the exception of Scotland's Chief Law Officers: the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "the beginning of each parliamentary term (after a general election). Any member can put their name forward to be First Minister", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "a First Minister", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "the exception of Scotland's Chief Law Officers", "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "the exception of Scotland's Chief Law Officers", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "Thursday", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "Thursday", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "the proposal of the Presiding Officer", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "the first Thursday", "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "28", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "the beginning of each parliamentary year, the First Minister delivers a statement", "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "the Scottish Government. At 2", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "Thursday", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "Thursday", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": "the Scottish Government. At 2", "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "four", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "the exception of Orkney and Shetland which each return their own constituency MSP. Currently, the average Scottish", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "2005", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "one", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "the exception of Orkney and Shetland which each return their own constituency MSP. Currently, the average Scottish", "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "the exception of Orkney and Shetland which each return their own constituency MSP. Currently", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "the second", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "the region (at this point just constituency seats). The party with the highest quotient", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "second", "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "the UK. Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1981", "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, one of the countries in the Commonwealth of Nations", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "the UK. Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish", "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "the UK. Members of the police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "the Conservatives. The SNP overall majority meant that there was sufficient support in the Scottish", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "16", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "the Scottish", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "eight", "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": "the Scottish Parliament to hold a referendum on Scottish independence", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": "Conservatives", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": "the SNP. McLetchie was elected on the Lothian regional list and the Conservatives", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "five", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "the SNP. McLetchie was elected on the Lothian regional list and the Conservatives suffered a net loss of five seats, with leader Ann", "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "the party. Cameron congratulated the SNP on their victory", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "the UK House of Commons are able to vote on domestic legislation", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "Conservative victory", "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "the House of Commons were changed to give MPs representing English constituencies a new \"veto\" over laws only affecting England", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "Islamism, also known as Political Islam", "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "Islam", "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "Islam", "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "two", "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "Islamization", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "the state of Israel", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "the state of Israel. Radical Islamist organizations", "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "the state of Israel. Radical Islamist organizations", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "division", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "Olivier Roy argues that \"Sunni pan-Islamism", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "the 20th century\" when the Muslim Brotherhood movement and its focus on Islamisation of pan-Arabism was eclipsed by the Salafi movement", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "Roy has described Islamism as \"increasingly interdependent\" with democracy", "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "the 20th century\" when the Muslim Brotherhood movement and its focus on Islamisation of pan-Arabism", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "concept", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "Islam", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "the West", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "the West to support illiberal Islamic regimes", "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "the West to support illiberal Islamic regimes, to the detriment of progressive moderates", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "the heyday of secular Arab nationalism between 1945 and 1970\", and it is quietist/non-political Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "International Crisis Group maintains that \"the conception of 'political Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "International Crisis Group maintains that \"the conception of 'political Islam'\" is a creation of Americans to explain the Iranian Islamic Revolution and apolitical Islam", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "1945", "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "the heyday of secular Arab nationalism between 1945 and 1970\", and it is quietist/non-political Islam", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "the 1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "the 1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "the 1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "the 1970s", "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "the 1970s", "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "the 1970s", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "the years that followed.\" This \"gentlemen's agreement\" between Sadat and Islamists broke down in 1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "the United States; and making peace with Israel", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "the United States; and making peace with Israel", "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "the years that followed.\" This \"gentlemen's agreement\" between Sadat and Islamists broke down in 1975", "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "the United States; and making peace with Israel", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "the 20th century,\"", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "the 20th century,\"", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "the 20th century,\"", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "the 20th century,\" that Shia and other non-Wahhabi Muslims were infidels", "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "the 20th century,\"", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": ", and women's groups.\" All this compares very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": ", and women's groups.\" All this compares very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": ", and women's groups.\" All this compares very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "rhetoric", "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": ", and women's groups.\" All this compares very favourably against incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "the Muslim League", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "branch of the All India Muslim League", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "the Muslim League. He did not support Indian involvement in World War I and remained in close touch with Muslim political leaders such as Muhammad", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "1934", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "the Muslim League", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "Muslim", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "Islamic political co-operation", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "1930", "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "29 December", "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": "journalism", "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": "1941", "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": "Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": "modern context, and influenced not only conservative ulema but liberal modernizer Islamists such as al-Faruqi, whose \"Islamization", "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": "Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": "Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972", "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "modern context, and influenced not only conservative ulema but liberal modernizer Islamists such as al-Faruqi, whose \"Islamization", "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "the principles of: tawhid", "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "Islamic", "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "the principles of: tawhid", "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "the principles of: tawhid (unity of God), risala (prophethood) and khilafa (caliphate", "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "the top of society downward through an educational", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "1928", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "motto \"the Qur'an is our constitution", "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "the necessity of government rule based on Shariah law implemented gradually and by persuasion, and of eliminating", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "the assassination of Egypt's premier Mahmud Fami Naqrashi three months earlier. The Brotherhood", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "1949", "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "several times, in 1948", "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Gamal Abdul Nasser", "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "the most influential movements", "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "the Arab world. For many years it was described as \"semi-legal", "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "the Arab world. For many years it was described as \"semi-legal", "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "the Arab world. For many years it was described as \"semi-legal\" and was the only opposition group in Egypt able to field candidates", "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "the Arab Muslim world. The defeat along with economic stagnation in the defeated countries, was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "the Six-Day War by Israeli troops", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "the Arab Muslim world. The defeat along with economic stagnation", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "the popularity and credibility", "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "movements", "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "Mohammad Iqbal, ideological father of the State of Pakistan", "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali", "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "Sunni Islamic thinkers", "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "imitation of the Prophet Mohammad", "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "part of a long-term conspiracy", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "a resurgence in popularity amongst the predominantly Sunni \"Arab street", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": ", and has created or assisted like-minded Shia terrorist groups in Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan (SCIRI) and Lebanon", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "a resurgence in popularity amongst the predominantly Sunni \"Arab street", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "During the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, the Iranian government enjoyed something of a resurgence in popularity", "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "the United States and his call that Israel", "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "Soviet Union", "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "1979", "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "the world to send aid and sometimes to go themselves to fight for their faith. Leading this pan-Islamic effort", "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "the Afghan Civil War. The conflict, pitting indigenous impoverished Muslims (mujahideen) against an anti-religious superpower, galvanized", "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "the world came to fight in Afghanistan", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "the early 1990s that worked to radicalize", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "the early 1990s that worked to radicalize the Islamist movement was the Gulf War, which brought several", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "Prior", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "the war), western troops came to protect the Saudi", "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "the war), western troops came to protect the Saudi monarchy. Islamists", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "the kingdom, and a de facto cooperation with the Palestinian-Israeli", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "the kingdom, and a de facto cooperation with the Palestinian-Israeli peace process developed. Saudi Arabia attempted to compensate for its loss of prestige among", "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "American", "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "the kingdom, and a de facto cooperation with the Palestinian-Israeli", "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "Osama bin Laden's terror attacks climaxing in the 9/11", "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "the 1970s, the Brotherhood", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "leadership", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "the mid-1960s", "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "1970s", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981. Unlike earlier anti-colonial movements the extremist group directed its attacks against", "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Muhammad", "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "the 1990s", "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "the 1990s", "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "2003", "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "the 1990s", "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "Islamic", "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "the formation of HAMAS (\"zeal\"), devoted to Jihad against Israel", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "the formation of HAMAS (\"zeal\"), devoted to Jihad against Israel", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "1988", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "the destruction of Israel", "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "the destruction of Israel", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "January 2006", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "2007", "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "the Gaza Strip, but criticized for failure to achieve its demands in the 2008", "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "1979", "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "the leadership of Hassan al-Turabi", "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "minister of education", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1985", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "1989", "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "the help of the military. Turabi", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "Osama bin Laden", "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "Iraq", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "the Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "1989", "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": "Front", "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": "1991 when voting was canceled", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "the 1980s did not lead to justice and prosperity", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "the 1980s did not lead to justice and prosperity, due to a vicious and destructive civil war between political and tribal warlords", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "1992", "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "the 1980", "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "1996", "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "Taliban", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "neighboring", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "the point where they might be more properly described as Islamic", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "the point where they might be more properly described as Islamic fundamentalist or neofundamentalist, interested in spreading \"an idealized", "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "the label of Sharia to an entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": "July 1977", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": "Ali", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "-Haq was much more committed to Islamism, and \"Islamization", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "-Haq was much more committed to Islamism, and \"Islamization", "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "the world, including North Africa", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "the world, including North Africa", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "March 2015[update], it had control over territory occupied by ten million people in Iraq", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "the world, including North Africa", "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "2014", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "2004", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "March 2003 invasion of Iraq", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "the United States, India, Indonesia", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "March 2011", "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "the United Nations", "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "the 7th century, but with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate", "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "Ali, or one of the other four", "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "the 7th century, but with the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924. This is believed to have ended the true Islamic", "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924. This is believed to have ended the true Islamic system, something for which it blames \"the disbelieving", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": ", but works to take power through \"ideological struggle", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "the government,\" i.e., launch a \"bloodless\" coup. It allegedly attempted and failed such coups in 1968", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": ", but works to take power through \"ideological struggle\" to change Muslim public", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "1974", "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": ", and is now banned in both countries. But many HT members have gone on to join terrorist groups and many jihadi terrorists have cited", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": "the UK to avoid internment.[citation", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "the East London boroughs of Newham, Tower Hamlets and Waltham Forest", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "the East London boroughs of Newham, Tower Hamlets", "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "Abu Hamza al-Masri, the imam of the Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement", "57303048947a6a140053d254": "the State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d255": "State Department", "57303048947a6a140053d256": "the State Department. There have been calls to create an independent agency in the U.S. with a specific", "57303048947a6a140053d257": "Secretary", "57303048947a6a140053d258": ".S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates called for establishing something similar to the defunct U.S. Information Agency", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "imperium", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "the 19th and 20th centuries. Its precise meaning continues to be debated by scholars. Some writers, such as Edward Said", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "the contemporary world. It has also allowed for the rapid spread of technologies and ideas. The term imperialism", "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "the contemporary world. It has also allowed for the rapid spread of technologies and ideas", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "Imperialism", "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "-fledged colonial rule\". \"Informal imperialism\" is less direct; however, it is still a powerful form of dominance", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "-fledged colonial rule\". \"Informal imperialism\" is less direct; however, it is still a powerful form of dominance", "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "Informal imperialism", "57306797396df919000960ee": "the policies of major powers, or simply, general-purpose aggressiveness", "57306797396df919000960ef": "the definition of imperialism one could speak of \"formal\" and \"informal\" imperialism, the first meaning physical control or \"full-fledged", "57306797396df919000960f0": "iveness", "57306797396df919000960f2": "the definition of imperialism one could speak of \"formal\" and \"informal\" imperialism", "57306797396df919000960f1": "the definition of imperialism", "573081c2069b531400832133": "the amount of land that a nation", "573081c2069b531400832134": "European", "573081c2069b531400832135": "Lenin", "573081c2069b531400832136": "the amount of land that a nation", "573081c2069b531400832137": "the main aspects of trade that went overseas consisted of animals and plant products. European", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "imperialism", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power. Particularly, Edward Said", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power. Particularly, Edward Said", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "a degree of geographic separation between the colony and the imperial power. Particularly, Edward Said", "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "the difference between imperialism and colonialism by stating; \"imperialism involved 'the practice, the theory and the attitudes of a dominating metropolitan center", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "the process of a country taking physical control of another", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "the process of a country taking physical control of another", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "the process of a country taking physical control of another", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "the two. Although imperialism and colonialism focus on the suppression of an other, if colonialism refers to the process of a country taking physical control of another", "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "the process of a country taking physical control of another", "5730876a396df9190009617a": "the greatest imperialists and therefore justified imperialism. The purportedly scientific nature of \"Social Darwinism", "5730876a396df9190009617c": "Friedrich Ratzel", "5730876a396df9190009617b": "the greatest imperialists and therefore justified imperialism. The purportedly scientific nature of \"Social Darwinism\" and a theory", "5730876a396df9190009617d": "the greatest imperialists and therefore justified imperialism. The purportedly scientific nature of \"Social Darwinism", "5730876a396df9190009617e": "the greatest imperialists and therefore justified imperialism. The purportedly scientific nature of \"Social Darwinism", "573088da069b53140083216b": "a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "573088da069b53140083216c": "a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford", "573088da069b53140083216d": "a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "573088da069b53140083216e": "a space for travellers to share these stories.Political geographers such as Friedrich Ratzel", "573088da069b53140083216f": "a space", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "the tropics they were only able to become fully human in the temperate zone. Tropicality", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "the tropics", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Edward Said\u2019s Orientalism", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": "the tropics they were only able to become fully human in the temperate zone. Tropicality", "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "the west\u2019s construction of the east as the \u201cother\u201d. According to Siad, orientalism allowed Europe", "57308ddc396df919000961a5": "concept", "57308ddc396df919000961a7": "the eighteenth century", "57308ddc396df919000961a4": "the last generation, and proceeds rather by diagnosis than by historical description\". British imperialism often used the concept", "57308ddc396df919000961a6": "the last generation, and proceeds rather by diagnosis than by historical description\". British imperialism often used the concept", "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "concept", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "the East. This difference was particularly apparent in textual and visual works of early European studies of the Orient that positioned the East as irrational and backward", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "The discourse of Orientalism", "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "vision", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "the extension of French and British power into West Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "the role of nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "the role of nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "the role of nineteenth-century maps during the \"scramble for Africa", "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "the extension of French", "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "Americas", "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Genghis Khan", "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "dozens", "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": "Sub-Saharan Africa has also featured dozens", "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": "Sub-Saharan Africa", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural imperialism", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "Cultural imperialism", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "depictions", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "Roman", "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "the benefits and luxuries of Roman culture and lifestyle", "57309446396df919000961b8": "the world in order to gain political power.[citation needed] Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism", "57309446396df919000961b9": "the world in order to gain political power.[citation needed] Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism", "57309446396df919000961ba": "the world in order to gain political power.[citation needed] Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands", "57309446396df919000961bb": "the world in order to gain political power.[citation needed] Although imperialist practices have existed for thousands of years, the term \"Age of Imperialism", "57309446396df919000961bc": "Door Policy", "57309564069b5314008321a5": "the 20th century, historians John Gallagher (1919", "57309564069b5314008321a6": "the 20th century, historians John Gallagher (1919\u20131980) and Ronald Robinson (1920\u20131999", "57309564069b5314008321a7": "the 20th century, historians John Gallagher (1919\u20131980) and Ronald Robinson (1920", "57309564069b5314008321a8": "the world's economy", "57309564069b5314008321a9": "the decades before World War I, making the many imperial powers", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Fieldhouse", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "mid-18th century", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Fieldhouse", "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "colonization", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "the 1880s", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "the 1880s", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "the 1880s", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "the 1880s", "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "the 1880s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "the late 19th century, but a world system extending over a period of centuries, often going back to Christopher Columbus", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "the late 1870s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "the late 1870s", "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "the late 19th century, but a world system extending over a period of centuries, often going back to Christopher Columbus", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "the 1950s", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "World War I", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism", "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "1858", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "the Americas, second in Asia and lastly in Africa), environmental determinism", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "the environment", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "the environment in which they lived and thus validated their domination. For example, people living in tropical environments were seen as \"less civilized", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "the Americas", "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "the Americas, second in Asia and lastly in Africa), environmental determinism was used to categorically place indigenous people in a racial hierarchy", "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "-working, moral, and upstanding human being. Alternatively, tropical climates yielded lazy attitudes, sexual promiscuity", "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "the Mid-Atlantic temperate climate produced a hard-working, moral, and upstanding human being", "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "guidance", "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "ism", "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "the world could be split into climatic zones. These scholars", "5730a40f396df91900096234": "the sixteenth century", "5730a40f396df91900096235": "the sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company", "5730a40f396df91900096236": "the sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company", "5730a40f396df91900096237": "the local economy, almost bringing the company into bankruptcy", "5730a40f396df91900096238": "the sixteenth century. In 1599 the British East India Company", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "1830", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "1850", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": ", as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language as well as Catholicism", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": ", as well as South-East Asia", "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": ", as well as the South Pacific. Republicans, at first hostile to empire, only became supportive when Germany", "5730a951069b531400832213": "the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture. In 1884", "5730a951069b531400832214": "the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture. In 1884 the leading exponent of colonialism, Jules Ferry declared France", "5730a951069b531400832215": "the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture. In 1884 the leading exponent of colonialism, Jules Ferry declared France", "5730a951069b531400832216": "the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture", "5730a951069b531400832217": "France", "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "II", "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "movements", "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Vietnam", "5730aa52069b531400832220": "Vietnam", "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", "5730ab63396df91900096260": "the middle period of classical antiquity", "5730ab63396df91900096263": "the middle period of classical antiquity", "5730ab63396df91900096261": "the middle period of classical antiquity", "5730ab63396df91900096262": "the middle period of classical antiquity", "5730ab63396df91900096264": "the middle period of classical antiquity", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "the late 19th century", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "Otto von Bismarck (1862", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "the dissolution of that Holy Roman", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "Napoleon", "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "Europe", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "1883\u201384 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "-lived move.[verification needed] Bismarck was aware that public opinion had started to demand colonies for reasons of German prestige", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "-lived move.[verification needed] Bismarck", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "-lived move.[verification needed] Bismarck", "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "He was influenced by Hamburg merchants and traders, his neighbors", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "1905", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "Second", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thailand", "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": "Manchuria", "5730b255396df919000962b0": "the People\u2019s Republic of China supported post\u2013World War II", "5730b255396df919000962b1": "1932", "5730b255396df919000962b2": "Lenin", "5730b255396df919000962b3": "II", "5730b255396df919000962b4": "the same extent as that empire by 1921, however with an internationalist ideology: Lenin", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "the late 1950s, the new political leader Nikita Khrushchev", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Lenin", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Mao Zedong", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "the late 1950s, the new political leader Nikita Khrushchev", "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "Joseph", "5730b541396df919000962c2": "First British Empire was based on mercantilism", "5730b541396df919000962c3": "the loss of the American colonies in 1776", "5730b541396df919000962c5": "the 1840s, Britain had adopted a highly successful policy of free trade", "5730b541396df919000962c4": "20", "5730b541396df919000962c6": "18", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "the world has ever seen both in terms of landmass and population. Its power, both military and economic, remained unmatched", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "the late 19th century, with the Scramble for Africa and major additions", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "writer Rudyard Kipling", "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "the late 19th century, with the Scramble for Africa and major additions in Asia and the Middle East", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "the late 19th and early 20th century, policies such as Theodore Roosevelt\u2019s interventionism in Central America and Woodrow Wilson", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "the late 19th and early 20th century, policies such as Theodore Roosevelt\u2019s interventionism in Central America", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "the Philippines", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "Philippines", "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "the US to condemn America's occupation in the Philippines as they also denounced them for causing the deaths of many Filipinos. American", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Bowman", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "the director of the American Geographical Society in 1914. Three years later in 1917", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "the idea of President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "the idea of President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference", "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "Bowman", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "the internal strife", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "the form of an imperial power prior to any attempts at external imperialism. This internal form of empire has been referred to as \"internal", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "the form of an imperial power prior to any attempts at external imperialism. This internal form of empire has been referred to as \"internal colonialism\". Participation", "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "April", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "12", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Su", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": ", and the Horn of Africa", "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent", "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Istanbul", "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "the aftermath of World War I", "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "recovering", "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "the emergence of the new state of Turkey", "5730982f396df919000961e2": "the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and the Evangelical United Brethren", "5730982f396df919000961e3": "the union of the Methodist Church (USA) and the Evangelical United Brethren", "5730982f396df919000961e4": "the 19th century its main predecessor was a leader in Evangelicalism. Founded in 1968", "5730982f396df919000961e5": "the revival movement of John", "5730982f396df919000961e6": "the revival movement of John and Charles Wesley in England as well as the Great Awakening in the United States. As such, the church's theological orientation", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": "United Methodist Church", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "80", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": "the United States, the UMC ranks as the largest mainline Protestant denomination", "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "the United States, the UMC", "57309921396df919000961f6": "the mid-18th century", "57309921396df919000961f7": "the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield, met on the Oxford", "57309921396df919000961f8": "the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield, met on the Oxford", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": "In 1735", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": "the colony of Georgia", "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": "the colony of Georgia. In less than two years, the \"Holy Club", "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": "Three", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": "the Church of England, the American Revolution", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": "84", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": "Thomas", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": "Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784", "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": "the life and sacraments of the Anglican Church. In 1784", "57309adb396df919000961fc": "the corner of 4th and New Streets, in the Old City neighborhood of Philadelphia", "57309adb396df919000961fd": "the United States, beginning in 1769", "57309adb396df919000961fe": "the United States, beginning in 1769. The congregation was founded in 1767", "57309adb396df919000961ff": "the United States, beginning in 1769", "57309adb396df91900096200": "84", "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "the Methodist Church. They were licensed by St. George's Church in 1784", "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": "84", "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": "84", "57309d31396df91900096210": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096211": "1830", "57309d31396df91900096212": "44", "57309d31396df91900096213": "44", "5730a97a396df9190009625a": "April", "5730a97a396df9190009625b": "April 23, 1968", "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "April 23, 1968", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": "United Methodist Church", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": "The Book of Discipline", "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": "concept", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "John Wesley was compelled in 1784 to break with standard practice and ordain two", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": "two", "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": "two", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": "the formation of The United Methodist Church in 1968", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": "John Wesley", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": "the formation", "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": "the formation of The United Methodist", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "the Father. In this work, God desires that we might sense both our sinfulness before God and God's offer of salvation. Pre", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "the Father. In this work, God desires that we might sense both our sinfulness before God and God's offer of salvation. Pre", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "the Father. In this work, God desires that we might sense both our sinfulness", "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": "the Father. In this work, God desires that we might sense both our sinfulness before God and God's offer of salvation. Pre", "5730aeba069b531400832241": "the power of sin and to fully love God and neighbor. Today, justifying grace is also known as conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832242": "The justifying grace cancels our guilt", "5730aeba069b531400832243": "Today, justifying grace is also known as conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832244": "conversion", "5730aeba069b531400832245": "the power of sin and to fully love God and neighbor. Today, justifying grace is also known as conversion", "5730afed069b53140083225f": "the journey toward", "5730afed069b531400832260": "the journey toward Christian", "5730afed069b531400832261": "the journey toward Christian", "5730afed069b531400832262": "the journey toward", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "the work of the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the participating believer. The United Methodist", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": "United Methodist Church believes in prima scriptura, seeing the Holy Bible", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "the work of the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the participating believer. The United Methodist", "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": "The Book of Discipline", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": "the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": "United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": "the need to be in supportive ministry with all women, regardless", "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "United Methodist Church are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "Members of the United Methodist", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "May 2012", "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "United Methodist Church who identify with the pro-life position have organized into the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "the temperance", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "2012", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "John Wesley", "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "United Methodist Church uses unfermented grape juice", "5730b54c069b53140083228d": "United Methodist Church", "5730b54c069b53140083228e": "John 8", "5730b54c069b53140083228f": "Matthew 5:38-39 and abolished the death penalty in John 8", "5730b54c069b531400832290": "Conference", "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": "United Methodist Church", "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "1999", "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "2016", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": "the Connectional Table, a governing committee", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": "United Methodist", "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": "position by voting in favor of same-gender marriages with resolutions", "5730b776069b5314008322bd": "1987", "5730b776069b5314008322be": "2005", "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "The Baltimore-Washington Conference", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": "the teaching of Scripture", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": "Christians", "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "United Methodist Church opposes conscription as incompatible with the teaching of Scripture. Therefore, the Church supports and extends its ministry", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": "Christ", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": "United Methodist Church maintains that war is incompatible with Christ", "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": "United Methodist", "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "The Sexual", "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": "pornography", "5730bdfe396df91900096310": "United Methodist Church", "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "the creation", "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "the sake of research\" as \"a human embryo, even at its earliest stages, commands our reverence.\" It supports research on stem cells", "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "the creation of embryos for the sake of research", "5730c059069b531400832305": "John Wesley himself provided a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer called the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", "5730c059069b531400832306": "The Book of Common Prayer called the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", "5730c059069b531400832307": "John Wesley himself provided a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": "United Methodist", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": "United Methodist Book of Worship", "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": "Some clergy offer healing services", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": "the Christian faith and look to these prominent saints as providing examples of holy living and commitment to Christ", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "William", "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "John Wesley", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": "The United Methodist Church is organized into conferences", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": "The Book of Discipline", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "Conference", "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "the church. The General Conference", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": "five", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": "seven", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": "The main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": "the United States the church is divided into seven central conferences", "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": "the church. Bishops thus elected serve Episcopal Areas", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils was a decision by the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils was a decision by the Mission Council", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "March 2007", "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils was a decision by the Mission Council", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": "nine", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "Council", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": "eight", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "twice", "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "twice", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "Conference", "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "Conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": "Book of Discipline", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "a board of trustees with at least three members and no more than nine", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "a board of trustees with at least three members and no more than nine", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": "The church conference", "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "the church and any interested members. This committee", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "one hundred", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "three hundred sixty", "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "International Association", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": "John Wesley", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": "pastors", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": "Annual Conference Order", "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": "Order", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "the Annual Conference Cabinet", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "the session of the Annual Conference", "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "the session of the Annual Conference", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": "Elders", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": ", and ordained by a bishop to a ministry of Word, Sacrament, Order and Service", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": "2", "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "the church for ministry and mission. Elders may also be assigned as District Superintendents", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "the mission of the church. Deacons", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "the world. Deacons assist elders", "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "pastor", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "The provisional elder/deacon is a seminary graduate who serves a two", "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": "1996", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "Pastor", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "The licensed local pastor", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "five", "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "Membership", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "Members", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": ", but who have not subsequently professed their own faith. These Baptized Members become Professing Members through confirmation", "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": ", but who have not subsequently professed their own faith. These Baptized Members become Professing Members through confirmation", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": "ism", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "confirmation", "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people, including adults. The term confirmation", "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": ", including adults. The term confirmation", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": "There are two categories", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "the United Methodist", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": "the United Methodist", "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "the United Methodist", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "United Methodist Church", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": "National Association of Evangelicals", "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": "the interests of unity", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": "2000", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": "May 2012", "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": "May 2012", "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": "the United States, the United Methodist Church has experienced significant membership losses in recent decades. At the time of its formation, the UMC had about 11", "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "the time of its formation, the UMC had about 11 million members in nearly 42", "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": "8", "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": "8", "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": "the United States, the United Methodist", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": "2008", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": "2008", "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": "the opening of the 2008", "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": "the Wesleyan Holiness", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "the World Methodist Council", "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": "July", "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France", "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 European settlers", "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million", "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "the command of 22-year-old George Washington", "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "the command of 22-year-old George Washington", "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "the command of 22-year-old George Washington", "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "six", "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "disaster", "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "the Battle of the Monongahela on July 9, 1755 and died a few days later. British operations in 1755, 1756", "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Fort", "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "Native Americans", "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "the colonies at a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces it had in New France", "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "the colonies at a time when France", "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "the colonies at a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces it had in New France. France", "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "the war. Between 1758 and 1760", "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France", "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "King George's War in the 1740", "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "French", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "the United States, but it obscures the fact that Indians fought on both sides of the conflict, and that this was part of the Seven", "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": ", and it became known as the French", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "the signing of the peace treaty in 1763. These dates do not correspond with the fighting on mainland North America", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "60", "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "the two colonial powers was largely concluded in six years, from the Battle of Jumonville Glen in 1754", "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "The French population numbered about 75", "5733d5704776f4190066130f": ", including \u00cele Royale (present-day Cape Breton Island)). Fewer lived in New Orleans", "5733d5704776f41900661310": "French fur traders and trappers traveled throughout", "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "the north, to Georgia", "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "the time their provincial charters were granted. While their population centers", "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "the time their provincial charters were granted. While their population centers", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "native tribes", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "Mi'kmaq and the Abenaki were engaged in Father Le Loutre's War", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "The Iroquois Confederation", "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "the province of Canada", "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee tribes. When war broke out, the French", "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "Iroquoian-speaking Cherokee tribes. When war broke out, the French", "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "The British were supported in the war by the Iroquois Six Nations", "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "the start of the war, no French regular army troops were stationed in North America, and few British troops. New France", "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": "the start of the war, no French regular army troops were stationed in North America, and few British troops. New France", "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "the start of the war, no French regular army troops were stationed in North America, and few British troops. New France", "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "the site of present-day Pittsburgh. There C\u00e9lor", "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "the site of present-day Pittsburgh. There C\u00e9lor", "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "the site of present-day Pittsburgh. There C\u00e9lor", "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "the area informed C\u00e9loron that they owned the Ohio Country and that they would trade with the British regardless of the French. C\u00e9lor", "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "the village of Pickawillany, the home of the Miami chief known as \"Old Briton", "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "the village of Pickawillany, the home of the Miami chief known as \"Old Briton", "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "the village of Pickawillany, the home of the Miami chief known as \"Old Briton", "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "the Natives of these localities are very badly disposed towards the French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "the Province of Massachusetts Bay, was particularly forceful, stating that British colonists would not be safe as long as the French", "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "William", "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "49", "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "49", "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "In 1750", "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "52", "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "52", "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "King George's War) formally ended in 1748", "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "48", "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "the signing", "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "March 17, 1752", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "the area under the command of Charles", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "Charles", "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "June", "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine", "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "the headwaters of LeBoeuf Creek. Marin constructed a second", "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "the headwaters of LeBoeuf Creek. Marin constructed a second", "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "Paul Marin de la Malgue was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians. His orders", "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "Fort Le Boeuf", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "the manor of William Johnson in upstate New York. The British Superintendent for Indian Affairs", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "He", "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "the area. In 1746, Johnson was made a colonel", "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "Chief", "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "Washington", "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "October 1753 Dinwiddie ordered the 21-year-old Major George Washington", "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "the area; and a few Mingo led by Tanaghrisson. On December", "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "the area; and a few Mingo led by Tanaghrisson. On December 12", "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "the latter died on October 29, invited Washington", "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "Jac", "5733f062d058e614000b6635": "the latter died on October 29, invited Washington to dine with him. Over dinner, Washington", "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "France", "5733f1784776f41900661575": "April 5, 1754", "5733f1784776f41900661576": "the early months of 1754", "5733f1784776f41900661577": "the early months of 1754", "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "Joseph Coulon de Jumonville", "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28", "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "the area, Washington, with Tanaghrisson and his party, surprised the Canadians on May 28", "5733f410d058e614000b6663": "Edward", "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "Edward Braddock to lead the expedition. Word of the British military plans leaked to France", "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755", "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "the command of Baron Dieskau in 1755. The British, intending to blockade French ports, sent out their fleet in February 1755", "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "the opening of hostilities was the convening of the Albany Congress", "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "June and July, 1754", "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "unified", "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "the opening of hostilities was the convening of the Albany Congress in June and July, 1754", "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "June", "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "June", "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "June", "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "June", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "the activities of Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "the activities of Shirley and Johnson. Shirley's efforts", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "the activities of Shirley and Johnson", "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "the activities of Shirley and Johnson. Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswego", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "the Marquis de Vaudreuil", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "the construction of Fort Carillon (later renamed Fort Ticonderoga after British capture in 1759", "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "the field. Johnson", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "Johnson", "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "Johnson's advance stopped at Fort William Henry, and the French", "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "June", "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "June 1755", "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "June 1755", "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William", "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "December", "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "William Shirley assumed command of British forces in North America. At a meeting in Albany in December 1755, he laid out his plans for 1756", "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "William Shirley assumed command of British forces in North America. At a meeting in Albany in December 1755, he laid out his plans for 1756", "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "January 1756 with Lord Loudoun, with Major General James", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "May", "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "May 18, 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "the winter of 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "the winter of 1756", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "March", "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "the winter of 1756", "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "Loudoun", "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "T", "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "August", "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "the aftermath, Montcalm", "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "the French coast, and a fleet outnumbering the British one awaited Loudoun at Louisbourg. Faced with this strength, Loudoun", "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "William", "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "William", "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "the meantime French ships had escaped the British blockade of the French coast, and a fleet outnumbering the British one awaited Loudoun", "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "the first half of 1757. In January they ambushed British rangers near Ticonderoga. In February", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "February", "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "the first half of 1757", "57340111d058e614000b677d": "the defense of the St. Lawrence, with primary defenses at Carillon, Quebec, and Louisbourg, while Vaudreuil", "57340111d058e614000b677e": "57", "57340111d058e614000b677f": "the defense", "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "advisor", "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "He had been replaced by Abercrombie as commander in chief after the failures of 1757", "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "Two", "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Two", "573403394776f419006616dd": "victory", "573403394776f419006616de": "the Battle", "573403394776f419006616df": "the Battle of Carillon, in which 3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie", "573403394776f419006616e0": "the Battle of Carillon, in which 3,600 Frenchmen famously and decisively defeated Abercrombie", "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "the aftermath of generally poor French results in most theaters of the Seven Years' War in 1758", "57340549d058e614000b67de": "the aftermath of generally poor French results in most theaters of the Seven Years' War in 1758", "57340549d058e614000b67df": "the mainland, Prussia, and the French Navy", "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "James Wolfe defeated Montcalm at Quebec", "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "victory", "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "the west and south. The victory was made complete in 1760", "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "the west and south. The victory was made complete in 1760", "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "Governor Vaudreuil", "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil", "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "September 1760, and before any hostilities erupted, Governor Vaudreuil", "573408ef4776f41900661757": "February", "573408ef4776f41900661758": "February", "573408ef4776f41900661759": "the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 10 February", "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 10 February", "57340a094776f4190066177d": "New Orleans", "57340a094776f4190066177e": "55", "57340a094776f4190066177f": "The British resettled many Acadians throughout", "57340a094776f41900661780": "New Orleans", "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "October", "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "October", "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "the government of modern Canada and the First Nations. Included in its provisions was the reservation", "57340d124776f419006617c3": "the construction of military roads to the area by Braddock and Forbes. Although the Spanish takeover of the Louisiana territory (which was not completed until 1769", "57340d124776f419006617c0": "The Ohio Country was particularly vulnerable to legal and illegal settlement", "57340d124776f419006617c1": "until 1769", "57340d124776f419006617c2": "the construction of military roads to the area by Braddock and Forbes. Although the Spanish takeover of the Louisiana territory (which was not completed until 1769", "57340d124776f419006617bf": "the construction of military roads to the area by Braddock and Forbes. Although the Spanish takeover of the Louisiana territory (which was not completed until 1769", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "concept", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "the nature of natural motion. A fundamental error was the belief", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "the study of stationary and moving objects and simple machines, but thinkers such as Aristotle and Archimedes", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "nearly", "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "the early 20th century, Einstein", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "Standard Model", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "ons", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "four", "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "the 1970s and 1980s confirmed that the weak and electromagnetic forces are expressions of a more fundamental electroweak interaction", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "four", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four", "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "the concept", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "Galileo", "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "Newton's First Law of Motion", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "Galileo", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "Newton proposed that every object with mass has an innate inertia", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "the concept", "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "Newton's First Law of Motion", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "the direction the vehicle is moving. This is true even though another", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "the direction the vehicle is moving. This is true even though another person who is observing the moving vehicle pass by also observes the ball follow a curving", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "the perspective of the person in the car, the vehicle and everything inside of it is at rest", "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": "Inertia", "573749741c4567190057445d": "inertia", "573749741c4567190057445e": "length", "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein", "573749741c45671900574460": "astronauts", "573749741c45671900574461": "Albert Einstein", "573750f51c45671900574467": "Newton's Second", "573750f61c45671900574468": "the proper definition of mass. General relativity offers an equivalence between space-time", "573750f61c45671900574469": "General", "573750f61c4567190057446a": "the proper definition of mass. General relativity offers an equivalence between space-time and mass, but lacking a coherent theory of quantum", "573750f61c4567190057446b": "Newton's Second", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "the presence of different objects. The third law means that all forces are interactions", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "The third", "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "the presence of different objects. The third law means that all forces are interactions", "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "the presence of different objects. The third law means that all forces are interactions between different bodies,[Note 3] and thus that there", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "the magnitude of the external force divided by the mass of the system.:19", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "the magnitude of the external force divided by the mass of the system.:19", "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "the magnitude of the external force divided", "573766251c45671900574471": "the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics", "573766251c45671900574472": "the conceptual", "573766251c45671900574473": "conceptual", "573766251c45671900574474": "the conceptual", "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "the result of adding the two force magnitudes or subtracting one from the other. Associating forces with vectors", "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "the result of adding the two", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "two", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "the result of adding the two", "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "the same rope with known magnitudes of force but you do not know which direction either person is pulling, it is impossible to determine what the acceleration", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "the difference of the magnitudes of the two forces to their sum, depending on the angle between their lines of action", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "the difference of the magnitudes of the two forces to their sum, depending on the angle between their lines of action", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "resulting", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "the motion", "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "resulting", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "two", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "two", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "the other two", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "the other two", "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "two", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "the characteristics of the contact between the surface and the object.", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "static friction", "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "static friction, generated between the object and the table surface. For a situation", "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "decreases", "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales and spring balances", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales and spring balances. For example", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales and spring balances. For example", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "volume", "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "Isaac Newton", "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "motion", "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "motion", "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "motion", "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "motion", "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "motion", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "motion", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "the direction of motion while the kinetic friction", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "the direction of motion while the kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force. This results", "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "Aristotle", "57377aac1c45671900574479": "the Schr\u00f6dinger", "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "the context of \"forces", "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "the context of \"forces\". However, the potential", "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "the context of \"forces\". However, the potentials V(x,y,z", "57377aac1c4567190057447d": "the context of \"forces", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "spin", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "the Pauli", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "two", "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "the case of two", "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "the case of two", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "the concept of a force. Thus the currently known fundamental forces are considered more accurately to be \"fundamental interactions", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "concept", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "concept", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "the concept of a force. Thus the currently known fundamental forces are considered more accurately to be \"fundamental interactions", "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "the concept of a force. Thus the currently known fundamental forces are considered more accurately to be \"fundamental interactions", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "the universe are based on four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "the universe are based on four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "the universe are based on four", "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "the universe are based on four", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "Isaac Newton", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "20th century", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation", "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "Einstein", "573784fa1c45671900574483": "the work of Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574484": "the work of Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574485": "the work of Isaac Newton", "573784fa1c45671900574486": "the surface of the Earth is usually designated as and has a magnitude of about 9.81 meters per second squared (this measurement", "573784fa1c45671900574487": "the center", "573786b51c4567190057448d": "the effects of gravity might be observed in different ways at larger", "573786b51c4567190057448e": "the Earth could be ascribed to the same force of gravity", "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the Earth could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased as an inverse square law. Further, Newton", "573786b51c45671900574490": "the Earth to the gravitational acceleration", "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "the same laws of motion, his law of gravity had to be universal. Succinctly stated, Newton's Law of Gravitation", "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "Henry Cavendish", "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "until 1798", "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "Newton", "5737898f1c45671900574495": "the problem of Mercury", "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another", "5737898f1c45671900574497": "the problem of Mercury", "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Albert Einstein", "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Albert", "57378b141c4567190057449f": "the perspective of the object, all motion occurs as if there were no gravitation", "57378b141c456719005744a0": "Thus", "57378b141c456719005744a1": "the order of few light-years). The time derivative of the changing momentum", "57378b141c456719005744a2": "the perspective of the object, all motion occurs as if there were no gravitation whatsoever. It is only when observing the motion", "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "the definition of electric current", "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "the definition of electric current as the time rate of change of electric charge, a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz", "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "Lorentz's Law", "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "the description of a unified electromagnetic force that acts on a charge. This force can be written", "57378e311c456719005744af": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b0": "1864", "57378e311c456719005744b1": "20", "57378e311c456719005744b2": "Oliver Heaviside", "57378e311c456719005744b3": "Maxwell", "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "the work of leading theoretical physicists, a new theory of electromagnetism", "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "the work of leading theoretical physicists, a new theory of electromagnetism was developed using quantum mechanics", "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "the work of leading theoretical physicists, a new theory of electromagnetism was developed using quantum mechanics", "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "mediated by wave\u2013particles known as photons", "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "quantum electrodynamics", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": "the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": "the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion", "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": "ically", "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result", "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result", "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion", "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "ically", "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": ", which classically transmit the nuclear force (see this topic for more). The failure of many searches for free quarks", "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": ", a residual of the force is observed between hadrons", "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": ", which classically transmit the nuclear force (see this topic for more). The failure of many searches for free quarks", "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": ", which form part of the virtual pi and rho mesons, which classically", "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "The failure of many searches for free quarks", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "The weak force", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "the early moments of the Big Bang", "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "the early moments of the Big Bang", "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "the fact that the field strength is some 101", "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "the early moments of the Big Bang", "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "normal force is due to repulsive forces of interaction", "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "the normal force in action is the impact force on an object crashing into an immobile", "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "the normal force in action is the impact force on an object crashing into an immobile", "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "normal", "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "the same object through the use of a set-up that uses movable pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "the use of a set-up that uses movable pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "the use of a set-up that uses movable pulleys", "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "multiple", "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "the opposite direction by the second object. By connecting the same string multiple", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids, differences in pressure result in forces being directed along", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids, differences in pressure result in forces being directed along", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids, differences in pressure result in forces being directed along", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids", "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "the cross-sectional area", "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "the cross-sectional area (the off-diagonal elements). The stress tensor", "5737a4511c456719005744df": "the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum", "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "inertia", "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "Second", "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "the center", "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "the center", "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "the speed of the object (magnitude of the velocity), but only the direction", "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "the center of the circular path and is the unit", "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "the center", "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "the same way that the direction and amount", "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "the same way that the direction and amount", "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "the same way that the direction and amount", "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "potential energy between two different locations", "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "difference", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "For certain physical scenarios", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": "friction", "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "Nonconservative forces other than friction include other contact forces, tension, compression", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat. According to the Second law of thermodynamics", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "the internal", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat", "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "the internal energies of the system, and are often associated with the transfer of heat. According to the Second law of thermodynamics", "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "the kilogram-force", "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "The kil", "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "The kilogram-force leads to an alternate", "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "1000", "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "The kil" }